WEBVTT 00:00:00.349 --> 00:00:07.327 A great labor. Mrs. Conklin, I was married. This is my last year in Johns 00:00:07.360 --> 00:00:13.915 Hopkins. I was married. Mrs. Conklin was my amanuensis. And she wrote it 00:00:13.948 --> 00:00:19.887 all out for me. As I dictated it 00:00:19.920 --> 00:00:23.637 and 00:00:23.670 --> 00:00:31.670 I submitted it all to Brooks with the plates. I had 8 or 10 plates made 00:00:32.490 --> 00:00:40.490 with pen and ink. And uh Brooks took it Took it home with him, kept it for 00:00:41.668 --> 00:00:49.668 several days, brought it back. Well, he said. I don't know what to say 00:00:49.679 --> 00:00:52.765 about this. 00:00:52.798 --> 00:00:58.496 He said, I don't know where in the world you can ever print this. There's 00:00:58.529 --> 00:01:05.227 no place. We have no money. Morgan has used up all the money allotted to 00:01:05.260 --> 00:01:13.260 the biology department. And In his work on pyno. He said, We've got no 00:01:15.980 --> 00:01:22.626 money. We can't help you in printing it. And we've got to have 100 copies. 00:01:22.659 --> 00:01:25.076 As a thesis 00:01:25.109 --> 00:01:30.977 I don't know where in the world you can print it. 00:01:31.010 --> 00:01:36.706 Said I don't know that it's worth printing. 00:01:36.739 --> 00:01:41.197 And There is no 00:01:41.230 --> 00:01:44.217 Logical importance. 00:01:44.250 --> 00:01:52.126 In the mere duplication of parts. Cell division is merely a duplication of 00:01:52.159 --> 00:01:54.236 parts. 00:01:54.269 --> 00:01:59.227 And there's no morphological significance in it. 00:01:59.260 --> 00:02:05.855 That was his thesis. 00:02:05.888 --> 00:02:13.888 Well, The result was that he came back to see me after several. 00:02:17.308 --> 00:02:23.686 Well, The result was that he came back to see me after several. In 00:02:23.719 --> 00:02:25.786 interviews 00:02:25.819 --> 00:02:30.707 in which there were always a half dozen students in the room. We didn't 00:02:30.740 --> 00:02:36.775 have individual rooms. We were all thrown together, our gra graduate 00:02:36.808 --> 00:02:40.707 students. And 00:02:40.740 --> 00:02:48.740 Finally, he came back and he said, Well, Martin Compton. I've decided. 00:02:49.288 --> 00:02:57.288 That this university has given doctor's degrees. For counting words. 00:02:59.028 --> 00:03:03.646 In ancient languages for counting words. 00:03:03.679 --> 00:03:11.446 I don't know why they might not give one degree for counting sales. 00:03:11.479 --> 00:03:19.479 Well That ended And it was accepted for a doctoral thesis and a 00:03:20.699 --> 00:03:28.699 preliminary note did appear at that at that time. 00:03:48.929 --> 00:03:56.356 And I sent. And To the anatomer onyer. 00:03:56.389 --> 00:04:04.166 Uh, which, uh, published it. On the early A cleavage Of the egg of 00:04:04.199 --> 00:04:12.199 crepituulla with this. Definite separation of the germinal layer material. 00:04:13.699 --> 00:04:18.955 Into these few cells. 00:04:18.988 --> 00:04:26.296 Well, it was. Better regarded by the public than by Brooks. 00:04:26.329 --> 00:04:34.329 And I went back to Johns Hopkins. In 1891. 00:04:35.838 --> 00:04:42.007 To the same table. At the fish commission. 00:04:42.040 --> 00:04:50.040 To continue the work. To a later stage of, of the development. 00:04:51.088 --> 00:04:54.226 And 00:04:54.259 --> 00:04:58.817 One of the first few weeks. At to 00:04:58.850 --> 00:05:01.947 Which hole? 00:05:01.980 --> 00:05:09.980 I, I was wrong in saying I had met Wilson. At the previous summer, I 00:05:10.059 --> 00:05:18.059 hadn't. I had never met Wilson. Until my 2nd summer at Woods Hole. 00:05:19.569 --> 00:05:23.805 And uh Water say, 00:05:23.838 --> 00:05:30.937 who was a graduate student at the Johns Hopkins and who knew about my work. 00:05:30.970 --> 00:05:37.055 To Wilson. Of what I was doing. 00:05:37.088 --> 00:05:45.088 Well, Wilson was intensely interested. And he asked Sent word over asking 00:05:46.369 --> 00:05:51.757 to make an appointment for the next Sunday morning. And on Sunday morning 00:05:51.790 --> 00:05:59.676 next, he came over with his drawings. Of the cell lineage of Nerius. Of 00:05:59.709 --> 00:06:05.377 course, it wasn't called that. The cell lineage of Nereus was one of the 00:06:05.410 --> 00:06:11.947 later things in the development of the paper. 00:06:11.980 --> 00:06:15.137 Well, 00:06:15.170 --> 00:06:23.170 I never spent such a forenoon in my life. As I did that with Wilson. And 00:06:23.259 --> 00:06:31.259 we went over these things. The whole of the ectoderm. In 12 cells, the 00:06:31.829 --> 00:06:39.317 same in Nereus, but in Caidulla, spread out on a plate. In near use in the 00:06:39.350 --> 00:06:46.555 sphere, much more difficult to follow. So much plainer. In crepiulla, 00:06:46.588 --> 00:06:52.075 everything out on a plate. And finally 00:06:52.108 --> 00:06:59.166 The Meeder. In one cell. The 4D, 00:06:59.199 --> 00:07:07.199 well, that simply capped the climax. And then, of course. We were 00:07:07.660 --> 00:07:15.660 following the individual ectomirs, the various cells as far as we could. 00:07:17.119 --> 00:07:25.119 And I gave Wilson. Had just been appointed. To his position at Columbia 00:07:25.819 --> 00:07:33.819 University. He had been for 5 years, professor of biology at Johns Hopkins 00:07:33.850 --> 00:07:41.850 University. I know. At Bryn Mawr College. And uh 00:07:43.019 --> 00:07:50.156 He was greatly admired there as a teacher. He was a prince of teachers. 00:07:50.189 --> 00:07:57.467 And he had just gone to Columbia with the understanding. That his first 00:07:57.500 --> 00:08:02.947 year was to be spent in Europe. 00:08:02.980 --> 00:08:07.866 And I had made Arrangements. 00:08:07.899 --> 00:08:14.245 Just before I got my doctor's degree. To go out to the Ohio Wesleyan 00:08:14.278 --> 00:08:21.406 University, my old college where I had graduated 6 years before. And had 00:08:21.439 --> 00:08:26.776 taught for 3 years in the interval. And then had spent 3 years at Johns 00:08:26.809 --> 00:08:30.467 Hopkins. 00:08:30.500 --> 00:08:37.936 I had made arrangements to go there. And start A laboratory, they had no 00:08:37.969 --> 00:08:40.787 laboratory. 00:08:40.820 --> 00:08:43.765 Of biology. 00:08:43.798 --> 00:08:51.798 I had to equip everything, take a bare room. Get tables and put in sinks. 00:08:52.519 --> 00:08:59.706 And lockers And all that sort of thing. And I had to organize. I didn't 00:08:59.739 --> 00:09:07.739 have to, but I thought I ought to. I I had a great idea of getting things 00:09:08.269 --> 00:09:14.717 started in a, in a pretty good way. And I had the advanced students, 00:09:14.750 --> 00:09:22.750 students who I knew a good deal of biology. Especially Harold Heath. Who 00:09:23.580 --> 00:09:28.826 was uh The finest sort of an assistant. 00:09:28.859 --> 00:09:36.859 And I had to provide advanced. Courses for him in zoology. And for half a 00:09:39.619 --> 00:09:47.619 dozen others. And the result of it was. That to fit my work into the old 00:09:47.830 --> 00:09:50.895 college curriculum. 00:09:50.928 --> 00:09:57.816 To which there had been added. Not a single professor. In more than 20 00:09:57.849 --> 00:10:05.849 years. I was the first man. In 20 years to be added to the faculty. 00:10:08.500 --> 00:10:12.907 Uh, as a professor. 00:10:12.940 --> 00:10:19.066 Well, everything was terribly backwards. Awfully hard work. And that was 00:10:19.099 --> 00:10:24.677 my first duty and I worked at it. As hard as any man ever worked at 00:10:24.710 --> 00:10:27.616 anything. 00:10:27.649 --> 00:10:31.047 And 00:10:31.080 --> 00:10:39.080 I got the work going, going well. But by going back to Woods Hole, I kept 00:10:40.840 --> 00:10:45.255 in touch with research. 00:10:45.288 --> 00:10:53.288 And This 2nd summer. And the contact With Wilson brought me in contact 00:10:54.879 --> 00:11:02.879 with Whitman. And Whitman had me in for a half day. And he said he solved 00:11:03.009 --> 00:11:07.686 one of my problems at once. He said, I want that for the Journal of 00:11:07.719 --> 00:11:14.846 morphology, which was the finest publication in morphology in the world at 00:11:14.879 --> 00:11:21.537 that time. My goodness, I took my breath. 00:11:21.570 --> 00:11:29.186 He said, I want you to do that work over, making it as perfect as it can 00:11:29.219 --> 00:11:31.596 be made. 00:11:31.629 --> 00:11:37.907 Don't spare the time or the labor. And we will print it and we'll give you 00:11:37.940 --> 00:11:42.515 the finest lithographic illustrations. 00:11:42.548 --> 00:11:49.057 Well, I'll tell you what. I worked at that. 00:11:49.090 --> 00:11:53.566 And The result was. 00:11:53.599 --> 00:12:00.407 That I was, uh, the whole of that summer. of 91. 00:12:00.440 --> 00:12:07.765 Uh, when Wilson and I were both at Woods Hole, I was getting my paper into 00:12:07.798 --> 00:12:15.798 shape. And during the following winter and spring. And In 1892. 00:12:21.239 --> 00:12:29.239 Uh The work went, went ahead. And grew and grew and grew. I was afraid. 00:12:30.899 --> 00:12:34.856 That it would be turned down. It was bigger than it need have been. 00:12:34.889 --> 00:12:40.336 There's just no question. It could have been cut down. 00:12:40.369 --> 00:12:48.369 But it turned out to be some 240 or 250 printed pages in length. With 9 00:12:50.298 --> 00:12:55.667 lithographic plates in 3 or 4 colors. 00:12:55.700 --> 00:12:57.717 And 00:12:57.750 --> 00:13:05.750 It was a book and literally was a book. Occupy the full number. Of the 00:13:05.940 --> 00:13:13.446 Journal of Morphology. And was one of the things that caused the collapse 00:13:13.479 --> 00:13:18.476 of the journal. Yeah. 00:13:18.509 --> 00:13:20.755 Well. 00:13:20.788 --> 00:13:27.586 Then the question was to get it printed. And gaining company. In spite of 00:13:27.619 --> 00:13:34.167 the plate, the fact that the plates were all made by Werner and Vinter. I 00:13:34.200 --> 00:13:40.797 don't know that they were made before. 1893. 00:13:40.830 --> 00:13:47.456 But about that time they were made. And I had the proofs. 00:13:47.489 --> 00:13:54.596 But uh but uh again and company said they would be, they would lose $2000 00:13:54.629 --> 00:14:01.635 on printing that number and they couldn't afford it. And In the meantime, 00:14:01.668 --> 00:14:06.135 I did everything I could. 00:14:06.168 --> 00:14:13.625 To increase the subscriptions to the Journal of Morphology. And 00:14:13.658 --> 00:14:20.807 To do what I could to help get in company. In their difficulties, Whitman 00:14:20.840 --> 00:14:28.125 took no interest in such things. He, he said to me on one occasion. When I 00:14:28.158 --> 00:14:35.106 said my goodness, Whitman. That'll take a mint of money. Great God, he 00:14:35.139 --> 00:14:38.417 said, what's money for? 00:14:38.450 --> 00:14:41.816 That was his attitude 00:14:41.849 --> 00:14:48.316 and it's it was a pretty good attitude. 00:14:48.349 --> 00:14:54.537 Well, that's a good chapter. I don't you? Yes, it's all. 00:14:54.570 --> 00:14:56.570 Oh.