WEBVTT 00:00:09.439 --> 00:00:11.439 All right. Thanks. You guys for being here today. 00:00:14.439 --> 00:00:19.407 First. I don't think Matt Toro, like everyone else, is doing at the every 00:00:19.440 --> 00:00:23.366 conference. Earlier, this, uh, last summer ran in the mat in the hallway 00:00:23.399 --> 00:00:26.887 and he said, Mark, we're doing this great mapping Grand Canyon Conference 00:00:26.920 --> 00:00:30.407 , you know, telling me about it. I'm thinking the first thing come to us. 00:00:30.440 --> 00:00:32.967 Well, who's going to talk about the birds expedition? You know what I'm 00:00:33.000 --> 00:00:36.807 thinking? That's the most important thing. That's where I come at it from. 00:00:36.840 --> 00:00:41.567 And he's like nobody. I said, Can I? Yeah, sure, Go on and let's let's do 00:00:41.600 --> 00:00:47.376 it so immediately. I'm like, Awesome! And I started thinking and I'm a 00:00:47.409 --> 00:00:53.567 geographer. Uh, I'm lucky enough that I got a degree in geography. In 00:00:53.600 --> 00:00:57.006 nineteen ninety two, 00:00:57.039 --> 00:01:03.027 I came to geography from Wayfaring around many other degrees. I'm not 00:01:03.060 --> 00:01:06.456 being too good of a student not being that interested in school, being 00:01:06.489 --> 00:01:10.997 really interested in hiking and camping. And then I took a course right 00:01:11.030 --> 00:01:15.527 before I was about to graduate, called remote sensing, and fell in love 00:01:15.560 --> 00:01:19.076 with it and fell in love with mapping. And it was kind of one of those 00:01:19.109 --> 00:01:22.926 things where there's update myself without how Harry met Sally quote If 00:01:22.959 --> 00:01:26.257 you remember that movie and at the end of the movie, when he said, I came 00:01:26.290 --> 00:01:29.156 here tonight because when you know who you wanna spend the rest of your 00:01:29.189 --> 00:01:32.426 life with, you want the rest of your life to start right now. That's how I 00:01:32.459 --> 00:01:36.917 felt about mapping and remote sensing India, and I've used that talks 00:01:36.950 --> 00:01:40.257 before, and every time after the talk, someone comes up to me that that's 00:01:40.290 --> 00:01:43.786 what happened to me. So hopefully there's somebody in the audience that 00:01:43.819 --> 00:01:47.717 are kind of the same way, and I immediately just got completely wrapped up 00:01:47.750 --> 00:01:52.626 into mapping and wanting to do whatever I could work with in cartography. 00:01:52.659 --> 00:01:56.546 Graduated in nineteen ninety two and said, OK, now it's good. Gotta go 00:01:56.579 --> 00:02:00.557 find a job. So I did what most people do looking for a job when they 00:02:00.590 --> 00:02:04.527 graduate. I jumped on the Grateful Dead West Coast tour for about a month 00:02:04.560 --> 00:02:09.272 and did nothing and landed back in Flagstaff and said, OK, now I really 00:02:09.305 --> 00:02:11.821 got to go find a job, and I do what most people in flags after. I wasn't 00:02:11.854 --> 00:02:15.571 sad at Macy's Coffee house for a half a day, trying to find a job where I 00:02:15.604 --> 00:02:19.462 ran into someone who said you should go talk of those folks over at the, 00:02:19.495 --> 00:02:23.772 um, Glen Canyon Environmental studies. And I don't know if many of you 00:02:23.805 --> 00:02:27.911 guys know who the Glen Canyon environmental studies was, but it was kind 00:02:27.944 --> 00:02:32.731 of the original study along to look at the effects of the dam through 00:02:32.764 --> 00:02:36.971 Grand Canyon on environment. And so I walked over there and met some 00:02:37.004 --> 00:02:43.592 people and got hired to go work in Grand Canyon, and I was able to That 00:02:43.625 --> 00:02:48.561 was in August in November, I went on my first Grand Canyon River trip and 00:02:48.594 --> 00:02:53.652 I was going to be a survey assistant, and I just was beside myself like, 00:02:53.685 --> 00:02:57.242 Oh, you gotta be kidding me. You know, here it is I my career, you know, I 00:02:57.275 --> 00:03:01.272 got a geographer, I'm a mapper. I'm working in Grand Canyon and I was so 00:03:01.305 --> 00:03:04.112 excited, and I'm even more excited because the person who took me on the 00:03:04.145 --> 00:03:07.291 trip that the surveyors right here today, but I haven't seen for a long 00:03:07.324 --> 00:03:11.992 time. And this was in nineteen ninety two in November, and I was so 00:03:12.025 --> 00:03:16.041 excited to just do research and be on the river that I remember the first 00:03:16.074 --> 00:03:19.571 day we camped that night. Well, excited. Next day we go lunch at Hotan on 00:03:19.604 --> 00:03:23.642 a beach about sixteen miles below Lease Varian. We're finishing lunch and 00:03:23.675 --> 00:03:26.642 Mark Gonzalez over here says, Okay, Mark, we're going to need to go. I was 00:03:26.675 --> 00:03:29.522 a rod man, and it's like, Okay, Mark, you're going to need. We're going to 00:03:29.555 --> 00:03:32.992 go get a point on this rock out in the river after lunch because we're 00:03:33.025 --> 00:03:37.242 doing some control work. And being I was twenty three years old doing 00:03:37.275 --> 00:03:41.342 anything I could get involved, you know, in the field of mapping and being 00:03:41.375 --> 00:03:44.321 in the field, Mark still eating a sandwich and stuff, and I take my hicks 00:03:44.354 --> 00:03:47.142 and rod and start swimming out to the Rock. I don't know if you remember 00:03:47.175 --> 00:03:49.902 that, and I'm on there and I looked back and there just everyone's 00:03:49.935 --> 00:03:52.952 laughing at me. They're like we got to go across the Bow River. We gotta 00:03:52.985 --> 00:03:56.571 set up for us every instrument. Wait a second. But at that point I was 00:03:56.604 --> 00:04:01.092 willing to do anything to get on there, and I fell in love with Grand 00:04:01.125 --> 00:04:07.255 Canyon, fell in love with my job, which was which continued on and the 00:04:07.288 --> 00:04:13.165 whole time was very brought to with reading everything I could and trying 00:04:13.198 --> 00:04:16.245 to learn as much as I could about the can was really drawn to this 00:04:16.278 --> 00:04:21.214 nineteen twenty three Birdseye serve expedition because it was so similar. 00:04:21.247 --> 00:04:25.584 It seemed like it related so close to what we were doing. And that's what 00:04:25.617 --> 00:04:28.594 I want to talk about today. And a little bit of a background on the twenty 00:04:28.627 --> 00:04:32.974 three birds expedition was it was a U S G s expedition that was primarily 00:04:33.007 --> 00:04:41.007 , um, run to look at locations, potential locations to build dams through 00:04:42.038 --> 00:04:47.544 grand can. Okay, so at that time, nineteen, twenty one, nineteen, twenty 00:04:47.577 --> 00:04:50.584 two There are some earlier surveys up on the San Juan looking at some 00:04:50.617 --> 00:04:56.385 wider areas to potentially put dams that they can put in. The reclamation 00:04:56.418 --> 00:04:59.594 a few years earlier had already spread off, and he was looking at more of 00:04:59.627 --> 00:05:05.164 a two damn system a ce faras controlling the river. It fries, controlling 00:05:05.197 --> 00:05:10.144 the water. But USGS was looking and kept actively looking at flow data and 00:05:10.177 --> 00:05:15.034 mapping geology to tryto find mohr locations. A cz I'll talk about it a 00:05:15.067 --> 00:05:19.844 little bit Club the rue the day, uh, the hydrologist on the trip was 00:05:19.877 --> 00:05:23.594 looking, is trying to locate several locations to put many Dam's going 00:05:23.627 --> 00:05:28.664 through. Also, along with their trip, they were going to continue a level 00:05:28.697 --> 00:05:33.334 line that they had to Lee's ferry and that the topography on the trip had 00:05:33.367 --> 00:05:38.575 , uh, point two hundred fifty one miles below that they were going to ty. 00:05:38.608 --> 00:05:44.755 And essentially, this was going to close the elevation survey the level 00:05:44.788 --> 00:05:52.788 between there and really finally link that great unknown. So before where 00:05:52.987 --> 00:05:56.534 you had Powell and you had Stanton and you had other trips that came 00:05:56.567 --> 00:05:58.714 through. 00:05:58.747 --> 00:06:02.724 We like to I like to view these is more of your explorers and they were 00:06:02.757 --> 00:06:07.515 doing mapping, but they were Mohr exploring through the area. Where is 00:06:07.548 --> 00:06:13.894 this nineteen twenty three Birdseye expedition trip was the first true 00:06:13.927 --> 00:06:19.325 mapping endeavor because to fight, they weren't mapping specific locations 00:06:19.358 --> 00:06:23.974 of dams that where that were pre determined, they were looking at the 00:06:24.007 --> 00:06:28.294 entire area potential locations for dam. So there was, so they nearly 00:06:28.327 --> 00:06:34.565 needed to map the entire area or get some topography, and there to locate 00:06:34.598 --> 00:06:40.834 those area potential area so primarily it was looking for damn locations 00:06:40.867 --> 00:06:47.794 and bringing this level line down through the neat thing to that draws me 00:06:47.827 --> 00:06:52.234 to the expedition. Was the people in the process and doing it? It's the 00:06:52.267 --> 00:06:59.164 first time reading and looking in the history of her that you really saw a 00:06:59.197 --> 00:07:06.234 well thought out well put together, um, river trip through Grand Canyon 00:07:06.267 --> 00:07:10.115 that you may have kind of, in my opinion, that you might I kind of want to 00:07:10.148 --> 00:07:16.375 be part of. And this was the trip. This was the men right here that went 00:07:16.408 --> 00:07:20.534 down the trip. I'll talk about each of them a little bit. Individually, Uh 00:07:20.567 --> 00:07:24.425 , we'LL go over a little bit of what they encountered in there. And then 00:07:24.458 --> 00:07:29.164 look at some of the products that came out of the birdseye survey that 00:07:29.197 --> 00:07:34.565 stand that really stand the test of time and I still being used today. 00:07:34.598 --> 00:07:40.524 There are ten men that went down river in this picture, you see, nine. Um 00:07:40.557 --> 00:07:47.935 , the story is is that one of the men that is not pictured? Frank Dodge 00:07:47.968 --> 00:07:54.425 was sleeping off a drunk and didn't make it into the picture. So for early 00:07:54.458 --> 00:07:57.044 on there was early on, there was thinking that there might have only been 00:07:57.077 --> 00:08:00.974 nine that went downstream, but there was actually ten. And that might give 00:08:01.007 --> 00:08:03.825 you a little bit of insight that certain things may not have changed too 00:08:03.858 --> 00:08:10.154 much as faras river trips going through the canyon. Oh! 00:08:10.187 --> 00:08:13.945 Our survey exactly. 00:08:13.978 --> 00:08:19.925 So here's the, uh here is the extent of the trip where they did, where 00:08:19.958 --> 00:08:26.414 they ran the level line from Lise very down to Diamond Creek when they 00:08:26.447 --> 00:08:30.315 when us just was putting this expedition together, they selected Claude 00:08:30.348 --> 00:08:34.784 Bird's eye as the cheap, tougher topographic engineer and organized and 00:08:34.817 --> 00:08:39.804 lead the survey. He was forty five years old. He was regarded as a 00:08:39.837 --> 00:08:44.625 brilliant topographic engineer. He was very capable. He was a natural 00:08:44.658 --> 00:08:48.735 leader. He would seem to be. Of all the folks that came on the trip with 00:08:48.768 --> 00:08:56.095 one shoe in, that was absolutely I'm going to be, um the his position and 00:08:56.128 --> 00:09:00.705 ship was solidified as he was going to be the leader here. Next thing, 00:09:00.738 --> 00:09:05.085 when he put his trip together, he needed to find a head boatmen to take 00:09:05.118 --> 00:09:12.965 him down. He chose Emery. Kolb has had boatman on the trip. Um, it was a 00:09:12.998 --> 00:09:18.365 little bit of a there was some concern is for picking Emery Kolb, Or maybe 00:09:18.398 --> 00:09:22.085 not some concern, but it was. It was thought that perhaps Burt Loper might 00:09:22.118 --> 00:09:25.215 have been a better lead boatman since he had led some of the survey 00:09:25.248 --> 00:09:31.064 expeditions up in San Juan and the reason that I've read that is expressed 00:09:31.097 --> 00:09:35.765 that he that they chose cold wass. He had more experience in the canyon. 00:09:35.798 --> 00:09:41.345 He was younger, Burt was much older, and Bird had already had some bad 00:09:41.378 --> 00:09:44.755 blood with some of the other one of the other members that was going to be 00:09:44.788 --> 00:09:48.595 on the trip going downstream. 00:09:48.628 --> 00:09:55.715 The trip, like other survey trips or river trips or expeditions, were not 00:09:55.748 --> 00:10:00.564 devoid of conflict or issues in that. Even before the chip started, Emery 00:10:00.597 --> 00:10:06.644 , Kolb and Birds I had some disagreements over who would have every cold 00:10:06.677 --> 00:10:10.942 wanted exclusive filming rights and photographic rights. As you know, the 00:10:10.975 --> 00:10:14.133 Colt studios on the South rim of the Canyon. They made their living by 00:10:14.166 --> 00:10:20.852 showing the movies and using that type of media to make money. However 00:10:20.885 --> 00:10:24.793 birds I was not accepting to say that they would. He would have exclusive 00:10:24.826 --> 00:10:29.212 rights that LaRue, that high hydrologist, would also have the right to 00:10:29.245 --> 00:10:32.653 make motion pictures, as with some other a movie crew that would be 00:10:32.686 --> 00:10:37.803 visiting them through the trip at some other point, so called even before 00:10:37.836 --> 00:10:43.063 the trip was a little bit myth. There they were, may be at odds, and even 00:10:43.096 --> 00:10:45.692 once during the trip, it happened, and it was probably not his finest 00:10:45.725 --> 00:10:49.192 hours. I'LL talk a little bit later about some of the boating and some of 00:10:49.225 --> 00:10:54.712 the mishaps that may have happened during the trip. Um, after choosing his 00:10:54.745 --> 00:10:59.122 head boatman, we needed needed to choose the other boatman that would go 00:10:59.155 --> 00:11:03.592 along with him and for those three other boatman that he chose. He chose 00:11:03.625 --> 00:11:10.773 Elwin Blake on the left. Leland, the guy in the middle with the, uh, with 00:11:10.806 --> 00:11:17.102 the guns and Louis Freeman. Okay. And most of what I'm what I'm showing 00:11:17.135 --> 00:11:23.543 you so much of this is directly from Diane Boyer and Bob Webs two thousand 00:11:23.576 --> 00:11:27.952 seven publication Damning Grand Canyon, which is which is an excellent 00:11:27.985 --> 00:11:33.663 book that really covers the entire Birdseye expedition. But these guys, it 00:11:33.696 --> 00:11:36.872 was interesting choice of boatman again. Burton Loper could have come. But 00:11:36.905 --> 00:11:41.383 you have here the two young studs, so to speak, on the left, who were very 00:11:41.416 --> 00:11:47.452 capable, very energetic, very willing to work. And then a peculiar choice 00:11:47.485 --> 00:11:53.322 in Louis Freeman, who at what one time may have been on an athletic person 00:11:53.355 --> 00:11:58.013 , may have been fit. Good to go down the river. But he kind of let himself 00:11:58.046 --> 00:12:04.092 go. It didn't seem like in everything. I already worked that hard. The 00:12:04.125 --> 00:12:07.293 reason that birds I brought him with he was really good with publicity's 00:12:07.326 --> 00:12:10.582 and getting the story out. I don't know if anyone's a cz. Anyone ever seen 00:12:10.615 --> 00:12:14.951 this? Nineteen twenty for National Geographic on the Bird's expedition. 00:12:14.984 --> 00:12:18.991 This is written by Louis Freeman as well as I think the Scientific 00:12:19.024 --> 00:12:22.361 American article was written by him as well. So he's really good at 00:12:22.394 --> 00:12:26.481 promoting the trip and getting the information out later in the ship. He 00:12:26.514 --> 00:12:30.851 would be resented some by the younger guys who seemed to have to do all 00:12:30.884 --> 00:12:34.681 the work and do all the portage ing when the younger guys really wanted to 00:12:34.714 --> 00:12:39.581 do just run all the rapids and not worry about it. But these were the 00:12:39.614 --> 00:12:44.081 boatman that were chosen. 00:12:44.114 --> 00:12:49.010 Um, chief geologist position was Raymond Mohr out of the University of 00:12:49.043 --> 00:12:56.660 Kansas. Um, he wasn't the first choice. Sydney Sydney Page was the first 00:12:56.693 --> 00:13:02.861 choice to join the expedition, but he refused to go with another person 00:13:02.894 --> 00:13:05.670 that was going to be on the trip. So they had to go to their second 00:13:05.703 --> 00:13:12.471 choices. Faras geologists Raymond Moore. He, uh, did a lot of he did some 00:13:12.504 --> 00:13:18.831 great mapping. Elsa did a lot of sketching of the side canyons and and 00:13:18.864 --> 00:13:26.481 provided a lot of other sketches of the participants. A cz well. 00:13:26.514 --> 00:13:30.140 Good. And then Clyde LaRue, this is Ah, hydrologists. And this is the 00:13:30.173 --> 00:13:34.441 person I've referred to it a few times as people that, uh that a person 00:13:34.474 --> 00:13:39.120 that folks have not gotten along with and prior trips, he was the chief 00:13:39.153 --> 00:13:43.991 hydrologist of the trip. He's gonna measure tributary and stream flow 00:13:44.024 --> 00:13:48.260 examining photograph possible, does it damn sites and designate the sites 00:13:48.293 --> 00:13:52.971 that were going to be used for detailed survey. So it was LaRue who really 00:13:53.004 --> 00:13:57.910 came up with an idea of wanting to put a lot of dams along the system and 00:13:57.943 --> 00:14:02.981 fill it essentially saving every bit of water through a couple of high 00:14:03.014 --> 00:14:09.611 dams and then some lower dams took to control the water going through 00:14:09.644 --> 00:14:14.013 Grand Canyon. Um, here's along on the trip. He was heady. He was 00:14:14.046 --> 00:14:18.283 cantankerous. He had gotten, um, he had had a hard time with some of the 00:14:18.316 --> 00:14:23.643 folks throughout the trip as well as before and after it is job at his job. 00:14:23.676 --> 00:14:30.403 But he was, um, a member nonetheless. So the chief, the topography of the 00:14:30.436 --> 00:14:38.436 trip was Roland Burchard. Um and he was, and he was probably the most 00:14:39.056 --> 00:14:46.023 really the most Ah, very accomplished to Potter for very, um, very capable. 00:14:46.056 --> 00:14:49.702 He was Bird's eyes, right hand man, and he would be the co author of the 00:14:49.735 --> 00:14:53.442 maps that would come out the plan and profile maps that would come out at 00:14:53.475 --> 00:14:59.372 the end of this project. Um, last person, besides the chefs was Frank 00:14:59.405 --> 00:15:04.173 Dodge, and Frank Dodge is was the Rod man. He was the one who went out and 00:15:04.206 --> 00:15:09.972 held the rod to measure the level down, and he was extremely capable. 00:15:10.005 --> 00:15:14.663 Human being is a fantastic swimmer. He grew up in Hawaii. He was what they 00:15:14.696 --> 00:15:21.433 call the true hero of the trip, where Saving Emery Kolb's light are 00:15:21.466 --> 00:15:25.383 potentially saving Emery Kolb's life. When he capsized and upset Rapid and 00:15:25.416 --> 00:15:30.612 dove in and swam and got him and brought him out, he was like a lot of 00:15:30.645 --> 00:15:34.602 people. Well, some people, we may all know he was self destructive. He was 00:15:34.635 --> 00:15:40.923 a wander and lost his life too soon, but he was an alcohol problem, but he 00:15:40.956 --> 00:15:45.053 was, by all accounts, he was extremely capable and liked by everyone on 00:15:45.086 --> 00:15:49.072 the trip. And then the last folks on the trip where the cooks on the left 00:15:49.105 --> 00:15:54.212 was frank word he was on the trip until Havasu Creek, where he hiked out 00:15:54.245 --> 00:16:01.133 and Felix Kaminski hiked in to be the chef for the rest of the trip. In 00:16:01.166 --> 00:16:04.893 his duty is a very jovial that not much is known about Frank Word. But 00:16:04.926 --> 00:16:10.153 Kaminsky. It was viewed as a very jovial Polish guy with the strong Polish 00:16:10.186 --> 00:16:14.163 accent who really brought a lot of laughter and light heartedness to the 00:16:14.196 --> 00:16:19.425 trip. So what did they bring down and how did it go? They brought a bunch 00:16:19.458 --> 00:16:23.086 of equipment down, and this is one of those things going backto my 00:16:23.119 --> 00:16:26.175 experience and knowing a lot of bringing equipment down and survey 00:16:26.208 --> 00:16:29.405 equipment through the canyon, keeping it dry, keeping it safe and getting 00:16:29.438 --> 00:16:34.336 it through is not an easy task. But they brought and did their mapping on 00:16:34.369 --> 00:16:39.936 plain tables and an allied AIDS, and they did a lot of mapping along, uh, 00:16:39.969 --> 00:16:43.736 threw in the mouse and everywhere they could, where they needed to look 00:16:43.769 --> 00:16:48.346 for potential dams. They brought their stadio rods. They had a radio so 00:16:48.379 --> 00:16:51.456 they could actually listen in, and they actually did get quite a bit of 00:16:51.489 --> 00:16:55.936 news throughout the trip. Um, photographic equipment there are three 00:16:55.969 --> 00:17:00.295 people that had cameras and documented the trip. Um, barometers, tripods, 00:17:00.328 --> 00:17:04.275 compass is levels, tapes, glasses and field books. And so you can see they 00:17:04.308 --> 00:17:08.486 were mostly primarily mapping, as you can see in the pictures on the lower 00:17:08.519 --> 00:17:14.126 left, but also collecting stream data and stuff like that. They needed 00:17:14.159 --> 00:17:18.126 boats to get down. So that what boats? What did they use for boats they 00:17:18.159 --> 00:17:22.216 need? They needed four boats for the trip. Three of them were being stored 00:17:22.249 --> 00:17:25.515 up at least fairy that were used on previous survey expeditions. But they 00:17:25.548 --> 00:17:30.476 had one more, especially built so that they brought four boats down to do 00:17:30.509 --> 00:17:35.085 their survey work. The one on the upper left is there a Grand Canyon? It's 00:17:35.118 --> 00:17:39.575 the Edith, I believe. Prior to going on the lower left hand corner, you 00:17:39.608 --> 00:17:43.065 see them sinking the boats and waterproofing them by filling them with 00:17:43.098 --> 00:17:46.765 water so that they would float and you could see again with all the 00:17:46.798 --> 00:17:52.436 supplies on the lower right, with them getting ready to go, getting ready 00:17:52.469 --> 00:17:56.995 to leave in a day, it's looking like somewhat of a typical river chips. So 00:17:57.028 --> 00:18:00.716 what did it look like when they went Well, real quick. I had an embedded 00:18:00.749 --> 00:18:07.646 video that's not playing, so I'm going to switch over and show 00:18:07.679 --> 00:18:14.936 the first ever video made by the U. S. G. S was a motion picture camera 00:18:14.969 --> 00:18:19.909 that larue pad on this trip. And this is the actual nineteen twenty three 00:18:19.942 --> 00:18:26.992 birdseye trip. I don't have it exactly, uh, put up hopes that night. Sure. 00:18:50.143 --> 00:18:52.143 Well, maybe you could just go back to my show. 00:18:54.083 --> 00:19:01.909 Well that. 00:19:01.942 --> 00:19:06.429 Time. No video. Go to YouTube. Pull up the nineteen twenty three Birdseye 00:19:06.462 --> 00:19:11.489 expedition. Watch it. It's really awesome. It was. It was going to be a 00:19:11.522 --> 00:19:17.899 super cool part to look at, but we will move on. So what showing in the 00:19:17.932 --> 00:19:21.219 video is that black white video the boats going through and what the 00:19:21.252 --> 00:19:24.739 surveyors looked like laying on the deck of the boat, bringing the for the 00:19:24.772 --> 00:19:29.249 Rodman over to the other side to get his level line, Tio, get him to the 00:19:29.282 --> 00:19:34.729 next point so that you can see it in action. But they did not. They were 00:19:34.762 --> 00:19:40.709 met with with their challenges. I said earlier, They Who is it? It was a 00:19:40.742 --> 00:19:44.239 very well organized trip. It was very capable. You saw a lot of first in 00:19:44.272 --> 00:19:48.860 this trip where you had, where they were getting resupplied, everyplace 00:19:48.893 --> 00:19:52.620 they could throughout the river. You had re supplies come in at hands 00:19:52.653 --> 00:19:56.919 canyon at Bright Angel Creek in Havasu. They had their friends come in. 00:19:56.952 --> 00:20:01.290 They're had girls coming even cold came down to hang out with her, uh, 00:20:01.323 --> 00:20:08.140 her potential Boli Lynda and then actually jumped in the boat. Ran Hance 00:20:08.173 --> 00:20:13.939 rapid with him, which what with what? From what I read, write, read is the 00:20:13.972 --> 00:20:18.800 first ever woman woman running a rapid, a major Rapid and Grand Canyon was 00:20:18.833 --> 00:20:23.821 the first time that happened on this trip, but they also saw so saw some 00:20:23.854 --> 00:20:27.470 problems that they had to deal with. Some of the boats were rotted buttons 00:20:27.503 --> 00:20:31.061 , bottoms from the previous trips, and they had soggy bottom boats that 00:20:31.094 --> 00:20:34.710 they had to deal with a lot. In this case, they had brought a canvas boat 00:20:34.743 --> 00:20:38.950 , a fold up kayaked kind of a thing that there's going to be used for the 00:20:38.983 --> 00:20:42.521 Rodman and as a reportage ing around. This is a picture of that boat 00:20:42.554 --> 00:20:47.880 getting trashed and unusable and ended up just getting pushed downstream. 00:20:47.913 --> 00:20:52.700 In this instance, this is one of the boats that Emery called Hit a Rock, 00:20:52.733 --> 00:20:57.160 and at Badger Rapid at eight mile relatively early in the trip that they 00:20:57.193 --> 00:21:03.730 had to come and pull it up and repair that boat, em Rico. But also flip in 00:21:03.763 --> 00:21:11.011 , um, upset Rapid and had a couple of pretty extreme runs there, which 00:21:11.044 --> 00:21:15.480 would lead to some of the boatmen. Some of the other boatman perhaps 00:21:15.513 --> 00:21:21.740 presenting a little bit, maybe not resenting but questioning his river 00:21:21.773 --> 00:21:26.980 leader, his guiding leadership through the trip. 00:21:27.013 --> 00:21:31.791 As they went down and progress through the river. This is, uh, some 00:21:31.824 --> 00:21:37.571 pictures of around Laval Falls where some flooding happened and backed him 00:21:37.604 --> 00:21:43.890 up for I believe it was. Nine days ended up getting to Diamond Creek later 00:21:43.923 --> 00:21:47.410 than expected, which spurred a lot of the media to think that that were 00:21:47.443 --> 00:21:51.920 perhaps wrecked, that they were lost, that something had happened. So news 00:21:51.953 --> 00:21:56.120 got out that they may not that they may have had had problems on the trip. 00:21:56.153 --> 00:21:59.680 What actually happened was they had the whole up wait for the floodwaters 00:21:59.713 --> 00:22:04.380 to subside and then move along. 00:22:04.413 --> 00:22:10.781 The trip eventually ended in Needles, California. They did. They had a 00:22:10.814 --> 00:22:17.480 successful run of their level line down to tie in with a point that 00:22:17.513 --> 00:22:22.960 Burchard had above at mile two. Fifty one. And they got down to needles 00:22:22.993 --> 00:22:27.092 and they pull out the interesting. Well, I'll skip that, but, um, they 00:22:27.125 --> 00:22:30.621 pulled out at needles and they were done. So what were the products that 00:22:30.654 --> 00:22:35.401 essentially came out of a trip? Here you have, ah, graph that shows 00:22:35.434 --> 00:22:41.961 LaRue's potential dam site surveying, you know, dam site survey through 00:22:41.994 --> 00:22:47.222 their several dams that could potentially be put in. None of them ended up 00:22:47.255 --> 00:22:51.972 getting built. Um, none of the dam's he proposed through this trip ended 00:22:52.005 --> 00:22:55.832 up getting built at the locations they did, but nonetheless they were 00:22:55.865 --> 00:23:03.865 surveyed. And by running that topography and that elevation profile down, 00:23:03.934 --> 00:23:11.934 these maps were produced in the end. So in the end, what they have 00:23:18.474 --> 00:23:23.322 what they produced, where these plan and profile maps. It was twenty one 00:23:23.355 --> 00:23:30.012 sheets with fourteen plan maps and seven profiles, and you can see here 00:23:30.045 --> 00:23:33.552 for those of you guys who maybe are looking at this map for the first time 00:23:33.585 --> 00:23:39.482 , it looks very similar to any of these river guides that you might if you 00:23:39.515 --> 00:23:43.072 ever gone down Grand Canyon. That you might see. So there's good, 00:23:43.105 --> 00:23:47.222 excellent detail topography with fifty foot contours at the mouths of most 00:23:47.255 --> 00:23:50.891 streams. There's accurate elevation 00:23:50.924 --> 00:23:54.401 Line's coming down, and they were. There are maps that we're going to 00:23:54.434 --> 00:24:00.752 prove to be very useful. They were very useful to be a CZ base, maps to be 00:24:00.785 --> 00:24:07.332 mapping geology along the river and what we found and looking at looking 00:24:07.365 --> 00:24:12.572 at Richard Quarterly, who you saw talk yesterday, wrote a paper in two 00:24:12.605 --> 00:24:17.292 thousand twelve, I think went part of this old Timers historical society 00:24:17.325 --> 00:24:23.111 up there at Grand Canyon, looking at the evolution of the grand printed 00:24:23.144 --> 00:24:29.335 Grand Canyon, the printed Colorado River Guide and Grand Canyon, and how 00:24:29.368 --> 00:24:33.325 and and what's used in by who and I kind of Kabul, these all together to 00:24:33.358 --> 00:24:37.736 look ATT chips going through the Canyon. Um, James White. No prior 00:24:37.769 --> 00:24:42.146 geographic knowledge. Powell has his government mapas you saw yesterday 00:24:42.179 --> 00:24:47.896 with that big void. Stanton had Powell's maps, which were not much. 00:24:47.929 --> 00:24:53.275 Flavell gots Stanton's report. Uh, Julia still reported that he had Powell 00:24:53.308 --> 00:24:57.575 , and then Dellenbaugh is a canyon voyage. So if you've read, Del involves 00:24:57.608 --> 00:25:00.995 a canyon voyages, some really good accounts on the location of things, 00:25:01.028 --> 00:25:06.186 some maps in there, but no riel, continuous maps through the canyon. And 00:25:06.219 --> 00:25:09.525 then in nineteen twenty three, you could see Birdseye Expedition and 00:25:09.558 --> 00:25:13.535 almost immediately nineteen twenty for these plan maps became available, 00:25:13.568 --> 00:25:17.626 and you start seeing evidence of them being used, as Richard showed in his 00:25:17.659 --> 00:25:21.055 paper. The Clyde, Clyde, Eddie and partly Galloway referred to the 00:25:21.088 --> 00:25:26.495 Birdseye maps as they were going through the Carnegie Caltech trip, led by 00:25:26.528 --> 00:25:32.065 Frank Dodge, the Rodman that we talked about earlier map geology on those 00:25:32.098 --> 00:25:36.845 along with starting Teo Use photo Graham A tree Neat thing about this trip 00:25:36.878 --> 00:25:41.646 in the maps that they made is it was really at the end of this plane table 00:25:41.679 --> 00:25:45.726 and validate mapping technique early in the thirties photograph that you 00:25:45.759 --> 00:25:49.075 started coming in. There's a different way to generate topography. So this 00:25:49.108 --> 00:25:54.486 is one of the last great endeavors of this type of surveying going through 00:25:54.519 --> 00:25:59.176 a place like this. As you proceed on to with the maps, you start to see 00:25:59.209 --> 00:26:06.075 that, um, Norm Nevels started creating, taking these maps and cutting them 00:26:06.108 --> 00:26:11.515 up and creating a scroll map. So these long you have this long, thin 00:26:11.548 --> 00:26:15.285 section of river, so you could make more like a scroll map that somebody 00:26:15.318 --> 00:26:20.886 can follow through the canyon. Les Jones. Great. Exhibit up it. Nou. If 00:26:20.919 --> 00:26:25.045 Les Jones with the bucket head, gold pro and as aluminum cock made a 00:26:25.078 --> 00:26:29.813 scroll map that he would sell two river guides, which is what you see on 00:26:29.846 --> 00:26:34.973 the left there that lead to the next generation of River Guide, which is 00:26:35.006 --> 00:26:38.912 the Belknap guide and then the Larry Stevens guide. And as you can see, 00:26:38.945 --> 00:26:41.253 even today, 00:26:41.286 --> 00:26:46.372 ninety five years later, that the base map for a lot of these river guides 00:26:46.405 --> 00:26:52.612 air Still, the birdseye plan and profile maps that they brought that they 00:26:52.645 --> 00:27:00.645 brought up Okay, uh, enclosing the trip ended. Um, great stuff came out of 00:27:00.776 --> 00:27:03.763 it. These young men who were boatmen went on to continue to be topography 00:27:03.796 --> 00:27:08.693 , furs and work on more expeditions. Survey trips. We don't know what 00:27:08.726 --> 00:27:13.622 happened of Felix, Calms Kaminski. I think he became timeless and turned 00:27:13.655 --> 00:27:17.733 himself into Matt Kaplinsky, who you're going to be hearing next? I don't 00:27:17.766 --> 00:27:24.273 know. We'LL see another Polish guy, but maybe without the accent. And 00:27:24.306 --> 00:27:28.223 lastly last they just want to show picture that this was a photo taken on 00:27:28.256 --> 00:27:31.622 when I was working down there for fifteen years. This photo is taking 00:27:31.655 --> 00:27:36.533 about twenty five years ago with all of us who are absolutely enamored and 00:27:36.566 --> 00:27:42.612 taken aback by birds Eye and his expedition kind of going to an old school 00:27:42.645 --> 00:27:48.832 old world photo with the newer generation of surveyors. And as I look at 00:27:48.865 --> 00:27:53.162 it, I realized that was twenty five years ago. I'm going to be fifty this 00:27:53.195 --> 00:27:57.582 year. That was half my life ago. I'm feeling really old and I need to get 00:27:57.615 --> 00:28:01.865 back down there in the canyon. So thanks a lot youguys