CHTHL0GVE

Arizona Territorial Normal School
Ole

1893-94 °1"

CATALOGUE
OF THE

.~RlZONA.

Territorial Normal School,

TEMPE,

-FOR

ARIZONA,
THE

~

SCHOOL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, 1893,

Circular for

I 89 3-94.

P,.ess of tke' -lrt"'ona Gazette"

!lonl'il of

~i\ucntion.

HoN. F. J. NETHERTON . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mesa
Superintendent of Public Instruction [ex otficio].

HON. J. A. FLEMING . . . . . . .

. Phrenix

Territorial Treasurer [ez officio].

REv. DANIEL KLOSS

. Tempe

A. J. HALBERT

...

. Tempe

JUDGE E. W. FRENCH

. Prescott

REV. DANIEL KLOSS

. President

HoN. J. A. FLEMING

. Treasurer

A. J. HALBERT . . .

. Secretary

The regular meetings o.f the Board take place the first week.in
January and in June each year.

!lonl'il of tlisitot's.
PROF. A. H. FULTON .

. Tempe

WILLIAM NEWELL

. . Mesa

ELLA TAYLOR

. Tempe

..

Wacultn.
EDGAR L. STORMENT ..

. ... Principal

Teacher of Science and Pedagogy.

AUGUSTA HILDEBRANT ..
Teacher of English, History an<l Geography.

MARY R. SPAFFORD ..
Teacher of 11Iathematics, Drawing and Book-keeping.

History.

The Arizona Territorial )fonnal School \\'as established at
1"e1upe hy an Act of the Thirteenth Legi~lature, a1nended and
re-enacted ~larch 10, 188i.
The objects of the school \Yere declared by said Act to be the
instruction of persons, both 111ale and fen1ale, in the art of teaching, and in all the yarious branches that pertain to a good
conunon-school education; also to giye instruction in husbandry and agricultural cheruistry, in the fnnda111ental la\v of
the l'nitccl States, an cl in \Yhat regards the rights and duties of
citizenship.
The school has been in acti\·e operation for se\'en years, during \Yhich ti1ne there ha,-c atte11clecl the institution t\YO hundred
and three students, and t\Yenty-one haye been graduated,
t\Yel\·e of \Yhon1 hayc taught in the Territorial public schools
-.;i11cc graduation. :.Iany others \Yho haYe not graduated are
dni11g :1ctiYe and 111critorious \York in the schools.

G~neral loformatioo.
LOCATION.

The Territorial Xormal School is located at Tempe. :\Iaricopa County, on the line of the :\Iaricopa & Pha:nix Railroad.
Its situation is in a healthy locality, and in the midst of a
fanning community characterized by industry, thrift, good
morals and good order.
QUALIFICATIONS FOR ADMISSION.

Applicants for adm ission must not be less than fifteen yea rs
of age.
They must be of good morals and of industrious habit,;.
They must be able to pass an examination showing their
ability to parse the words of an y ordinary sente n ce : to soh-e
any problem in arithmetic up to and including comm on and
decimal fractions,; in geography to bound any State or T e rritory, and locate the principal ri\·ers, cities, etc., of the world :
to wri te a legible hand, and to read intellig ently .
Applicants holding Arizona Territorial or Coun ty Certificates or Diplomas of graduation from any accredited public

8

ARIZONA TERRITORIAi, NORJJIAL SCHOOL.

(}ran11nar or High School \Vill be admitted \Vithout examination.
Any public school in the Territory will be placed on the list
of accredited schools \Vhen it is sho\vn in a satisfactory manner that it is sufficiently thorough in instruction.
Students of the University of Arizona Vi.•ill be admitted without exa1nination, and the record of \Vork done in the University i;'irill be transferred to our books, when the record is
certified to by the President of the lJniversity. Students of
the Nor111al School \vishing to enter the University will also
have the \York clone in the Normal School placed to their credit
at the University \vhen properly indorsed by the Principal of
the l'\ or1nal School.
Regular examinations for admission 'i.vill be held on the first
and second days of each term.
For the accomtnodation of students entering later in the term
special exan1inations \Vill be given on Jvionday of each week.

ACCOMMODATIONS.

The Normal School building is situated on ,a t'venty·acre
tract of laud, and is a brick structure, sixty by seventy feet in
size, and one story high. ....\ ten·foot hall extends through the
building from north to south.
B'our roorns are provided, each thirty feet square.
The entrance to the hall at each end is by double doors, and
'vindO\YS placed at regular intervals of a few feet around the
roon1s afford an1ple light and ventilation.
The building is sur111011nted by a high roof, leaving a space
of eight feet bet\veen the roof and the ceiling. The entire
structure is surrounded by a veranda t\velve feet v;;ride. \renti·
lators adtnit the passage of air in every direction, thus provid·
ing as cool a building as can be devised for this clin1ate.
'rhe Seventeenth Legislature, by unanimous vote, approved
by the Go\•ernor of the Territory April 7, 1893 1 irnposed a tax
of t\vo·fifths of a n1ill on each one dollar of taxable property

ARIZONA TERRITORIAL NORMAL SCHOOL.

9

in the Territory for the purpose of providing suitable buildings
for the school, the present accommodations not being sufficient.
During the summer of 1894 work will be begun on the new
building, and pushed as speedily as possible to completion.

APPARATUS.

The school is provided with excellent apparatus for illustrating the various subjects taught, and additions will be made to
the supply of chemical, philosophical and other apparatus as
the same may be needed.

LIBRARY.

The Normal Library now consists of five hundred volumes,
covering the fields of history, science, education and literature.
The valuable Smithsonian scientific publications have been
placed in the library, and the principal magazines and reviews
are received by the institution regularly. All necessary books
of reference are at the service of the students.
Students alone are allowed to take books from the building,
and then only for two weeks (if called for by another student),
and are held responsible for the return of the volume in good
condition.

MUSEUM.

We respectfully solicit the friends of education to assist us
in the collection of specimens of birds, insects, minerals, etc.;
also fossils and archreolo,gical specimens.
The name of the donor, the location from which the specimen was obtained, and all other particulars known, should
accompany the package. All contributions should be boxed
carefully, and sent by express to the Normal School, Tempe.
During the last year friends of the school .have given many
valuable specimens. By their aid and the activity of students
and teachers the school now possesses a working collection of

rn

ARIZON,./

TF:RRITORIAL NORNAL

SCHOOL.

ilf-

111inerals, ores, insects, Arizona plants and geological formations ; many of the tnore common archxological remains have
also been recei,Ted.

EXPENSES.

The average cost for books, supplies, etc., will be about
$15.00 per pupil for each year. Good board and .lodging can
be obtained in the best private families at prices ranging from
$20.00 to $25.00 per tnonth.
By the formation of clubs
expenses can be reduced below even this an1ount.
::Vfany
students board themselves.
Tuition is free to those who obtain an appointment from a
member of the I,egislature, and to those \vho sign a declaration
that they attend the school for the purpose of preparing themseives for teaching in the public schools of Arizona. All others
are charged one dollar per month.

GRADUATION.

In order to graduate, the student 1nust be at least eighteen
years of age, 1nust have attended the school for a period of at
least t\venty-t~vo weeks, and 1nust pass a written exatnination
in all the studies of the course.
If it appears front the resulting papers and the record of
daily recitations and deporttnent that the applicants for graduation possess the learning and other qualifications necessary to
teach a good co1nmon school, said persons shall receive certificates of graduation which '"'·ill entitle the holders to teach a
grammar school in any county in the Territory of Arizona.

DISCIPLINE.

In a ~or111al School little need be said concerning discipline.
It is expected that eYery pupil \vill exhibit in his daily conduct those qualities of head and heart which should always
distinguish the earnest learner and teacher.

ARIZONA TERRITORIAL NORJlfAL SCHOOL.
-~~-

II

--~~~~~~~~

The ability to control others is n~ver found in those \vho
cannot control themselves. In accordance \Vith this principle,
the pupils will be expected so to conduct themselves as to
merit the appellation of true men and ~·omen-an honor to
themselves and their com1nunities.

SUGGESTIONS.

It is suggested that students purchase no books until they
have consulted their teachers, but it is \vell to bring those
which they already possess.
We earnest.ly solicit Teachers and County Superintendents
to urge upon those who intend to become teachers the itnportance of entering some department of the Normal School (the
pedagogical, certainly), for the sake of obtaining that helpful
training, the lack of which has hampered so many -of our
teachers.
County Superintendents and Boards of Trustees in want of
teachers are respectfully solicited to communicate with the
Principal of the Normal School.
Although the primary idea of the Normal School is to prepare for the schools of the Territory a supply of teachers,
trained and equipped for their work, it is also intended to furnish an opportunity to the youth of our country to secure an
education beyond that possible in the grammar school, and to
round out and ·complete the common-school system of the
Territory.
The course of study in the Normal School will therefore follow that of the Public Schools in regular sequence; and pupils
on completing the gram1nar course in accredited schools 'vill
be eligible to admittance to the Norn1al, and we request the
School Principals to second our efforts in this direction.
To parents t11roughout the Territory \Ve offer an opportunity
to educate their children at home equal to that offered by qther
sin1ilar institutions else,vhere. We ask the people of Arizona
to compare our course and \vork \vi th those of other Normal
Schools.

Course of 5tudy.

-------------1 :mt Ye~: ~c1•: Y:at ~kit: 1~r
2

RGeading.h.......................... ···········[
eograp y .................................

o
o

0

Grammar .................................... .

0

0

History ....................................... ..

0

0

•...

......

o

o

o

o

o

o

o

Spelling.........................................

o

o

o
0

0

Rhetoric

0

0

0

Physics ....................................... .

0

Botany ......................................... .

0

School Law and Ethics ................ .

0
0

Algebra.

0

0

··· 1 ....... .
•••••• 1 .•••••••••••

Pedagogy... , ................................ .

Geology ....................................... .

0

0

0

0

0

0

..... ...... ......
····· ······ ......

Geometry ................................... .
Chemistry .................................... .
Civil Government ....................... [
Astonomy .................................... 1

o

0

0

Book-keeping................................. ! .....•......••...•

English Literature ......................

•••.•••.•.••

.•..•.

0

0

..... ! ........ .

ZoOlogy .......................••...
·Physiology ................................... .

·····r····
. .....

0

Arithmetic....................................

Word Analysis ........................... ..

••••••

........... ,. .... .

0

Drawing . .....................................

Writing ....................................... .

• ..•• ·•··•· •••·•·

o

::::: :::::1::::::

!

...... ::::::1::::::

:::::::::r::::

0

0
0
0

0

..•••.

·: : : : I· ~· :::::r:::: . ~.

Indicates the place of study in the course.

Remar~s oo Cours~ of Study.
The course of s tudy has been arranged in accordance with
the order of mental development, and the s uccessive studies
are intended to furnish the healthful, educative discipline
which the growing mind requires in order to produce complete
and distinctive character.
Believing that there is no subject of human thought which
will not return large dividends in the form of mental growth to
an investment of earnest, sustained labor, the course has, nevertheless, been composed of those studies which will be of practical benefit in every-day life, as well as conducive to hig her
intellectual ability.
The importance of following the course in the selection of
work cannot be urged too strongly upon the student.
No time is lost in finishing the lower branches before proceeding to the hig her, and much is gained in the way of
clearer comprehension , definiteness of ideas, a nd more tenacious
memory.
Pupils are requested not to leave a ny study h alf done, unless
it is impossible to do otherwise .
Fragmentary knowledge, though indeed of much worth, is
not to be compared for a moment to that deep, thorough, connected knowledge which distinguishes the true scholar.
Stttd«:!nts desiring to take any work out of its reg ular place
in the course are required to consult with the teachers, and
obtain their permission before beginning the study.

Time Table.
FIRST TERM.

c
F

c
c

Drawing.
Arithmetic.
Arithmetic.
Algebra.
Astronomy.

B

c
D

B

Reading
Geography.
Grammar.
History, U. S.
Rhetoric.

Zoology.
Physiology.
Gen. History.
Geology.
Geometry.

SECOND TERM.

B
E
B

E
B

Drawing.
Arithmetic.
Arithmetic.
Book· keeping.
Algehra.
Algebra.

A
B

c
A

Reading.
Geography.
Grammar.
History. U. S.
School Law a nd
Ethics.

Physics.
Theo. Pedagogy.
Geometry.
Chemistry.

THIRD TER M .

A
D

Drawing.
Arithmetic.

D
A
A

"' ri ting .
Alge bra.
Arithmetic.
Algebra.

A
B

.\

Geography.
Botany.
Gramma r.
Pract. Pedagogy.
Phys.Geography. Hist. of Education.
Grannnar.
\Vord Analysis .
CiYil Go Ye rum' t.
Eng. Literature.

Syllabus.
PREFATORY NOTE ON SYLLABUS.

The syllabus is intended to show the general outline of each
subject as it is taught in the school. It should be studied in
connection with the time tables and tabulated course of study
given elsewhere. The order of study is not preserved in the
syllabus, but it is in the course. The syllabus is not a mere
analysis of a text book, but the record of work already performed in the school. · A careful reading of it cannot but sup·
port the claim of the school to thoroughness of work and
advanced methods of presentation. · Examination will show
that wherever possible the aim kept steadily in view is to lead
the pupil to make practical applications of his knowledge as
fast as it is gained. There is no real education where the
power of doing goes halting far behind the power of thinking.
To insure thoroughness of understanding, examinations are
held once a month, and a permanent record kept of the
student's standing.

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ARIZONA TERRITORIAL NORMAL SCHOOL.

P edag:og:y.
PRACTICAL PEDAGOGY.-Sixth Term.

A short study of the nature of man; the intellect, sensibilities and will ; meaning and scope of education ; correct order
of education; training of the senses, memory, imagin.ation and
reason; training of the sensibilities, moral powers and the will;
the attention, motives, preparation and personal characteristics
of the teacher; the school house, apparatus, etc.; organization;
principles of management; bases and character of punishment;
recitations and assignment of lessons ; the teaching of particular subjects.

Psyct)olog:y•.
Benefits to the teacher; definition; subject-matter of psychology; method of study; necessary truths and necessary beliefs;
consciousness; attention; knowing, feeling and willing; sensation ; association of ideas ; perception ; powers of observation; memory, imagination, conception, judgment; reasoning;
primary intellectual functions: development; study of children.
HISTORY OF EDUCATION.-Ninth Term.

Schools of the Jesuits; biographies of Ascham, Montaigne,
Ratich, Milton, Comenius, Locke, Rousseau, Basedow, Pestalozzi, Jacotot, Herbert Spencer and Frcebel; suggestions concerning the teaching of children; moral education; discussion
of the kindergarten ; thorough examination of the educational
value of the American common schools.
SCHOOL LAW AND ETHICS.-Fifth Term.

A study of action and the springs thatlead to it; governing
principles of action; the right; conscience-its office and train-

ARIZONA TERRITORIAL NOR.W,/L SCHOOL.

17

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ing; sources of the knovt'ledge of right; rights and duties;
motives, passions and habits; the cardinal virtues; different
ethical systems; duties to ourselves and to society; an ana1ysis
of the school la"\v of ._-\rizona.
POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY.-First Term.

North America, South America, United States-contour,
relief, drainage, islands, cities, peoples, comrnerce, productions,
religions 1 governn1ents, etc.; historical geography; United
States studied in detail; particular attention to the topography
and resources of Arizona.
Second Term.

Europe and Asia treated in the same manner as above; places
connected with high development in literature and art; the
birthplaces of distinguished men, and the scenes of fatuous
historical events, studied carefully; the British Isles in detail;
n1anners, customs and civilization of the various peoples.
Third Term.

Africa, Australia, Oceanica-special studies of recent explorations; con1plete topical revie"-'' of the year's work. Maps
v;rill be dra1,vn nearly every day during the course, and attention given to all good methods of presenting the subject.
Mathematical geography is taught inductively. The pupils
are expected to look up 1nost of their facts during this last
tertn.
PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY.-Sixth Term.

The relation of geography to other sciences; the earth as a
planet; the earth's 1nagnetisn1-co111pass, magnetic variations;
geological history of the earth; forn1s and relations of land and
v;;rater; relief of the continents; oceanic islands; volcanoes and
earthquakes; drainage-rivers, lakes, etc., ocean \Vaters, configuration of sea botto111s, \Vaves, currents, Ferrel's la\v, tides;
the causes of climatic variations; isother1nal lines; constant and
periodical "'-inds; evaporation and precipitation; atmospheric
electricity; fauna and flora of the earth-classification, la1,vs Of
distribution, useful products; types and races of n1a11; the
earth's nlineral products; physical features of the United States
and Alaska.

rS

ARIZONA TERRITORIAL NORNAL SCHOOL.
'tic---

History.
U. S. HISTORY.·--First and Second Terms.

Revie\v of the world in the fifteenth century; period of discovery and exploration; settlement of the new \Vorld; early
history of the settlements, and division of .A. merica among the
European nations; the Indians-their life and \\'ars; colonial
customs; French and Spanish \Vars; the revolution--causes,
history, results; formation of the republic; social customs in
Washington's time; the presidents; vvar \vith foreign nationsTripoli, Algeria, E:ngland, :rviexico-their causes, principal
events and results; expansion of the Union-territorial and
con1mercial gro\vtl1; inventions; the changes of parties; the
grovvth of slavery, and the outbreak of the Civil war; history
of the Rebellion; recent political events; literature and art;
general revie,v.
~faps will be dra\vn by the pupils ~vherever
possible, and essays vvill be written on the more important
subjects. .A. regular course of reading \Vill be prescribed for the
class in addition to the above.
GENERAL HISTORY.-Seventh Term.

Relation of history to science ; the divisions of the Caucasian type; ancient history - Egypt, Assyria and Babylonia,
the Hebrews, the Phc:enicians, Hindoos, Persians ; Greece
- Sparta and ~;\thens, the Persian attack, the empire of Alexander; Rome- struggle for existence, the republic, the
empire, the fall ; appearance of the barbarians, and the formation of modern European countries ; mec.lia>val history -Saracens, Charletnagne, the feudal system ; the crusades and the
papal po\ver ; the 1nerchant republics of Italy ; modern history - revival of learning ; 111aritin1e discoveries ; Charles V.
of Spain, and Henry VIII. of England ; Luther and the reforn1ation ; l{lizabethan age ; England under the Stuarts ; Crom\Vell; age of Louis XIV._; England under the Georges; Frederick the Great ; rise of Russia; the French revolution ;
N apolcon Bonaparte ; later French history, and the unification

ARIZONA TERRITORIAL NOR1tlAL SCHOOi,.

I9

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of Italy and Gern1any. Throughout the course special attention is paid to the manners, morals and civic attainments of the
age under discussion. The growth of civilization and deYelopment of democratic institutions will be particularly observed.
Historical readings will be carried on during the term.
CIVIL GOVERNMENT.-Ninth Term.

The object, origin and n<iture of civil government; different
forms of government; peculiarity of that of the United States;
colonial governtnents; articles of confederation; ordinance of
1787; the constitution ; territorial and State go\·ernments.

ARITHMETIC.-First Term.

Integral numbers and decimals- notation, numeration, addition, subtraction, multiplication, division; properties of numbers; divisors ; cancellation ; greatest common divisor ; least
cotnmon multiple ; fractions - con1mon, decimal; con1plex
fractions; compound numbers, with their applications.
Throughout the term constant drill in the use of signs and in
the solution of practical problen1s; drill in mental arithmetic.
Second Term.

Mensuration - plane surfaces, solids; percentage, \Vi th applications; analysis. Constant drill in use of sytnbols of operation, of aggregation, of relation; mental arith1netic.
Third Term.

Ratio and proportion ; involution and evolution ; applications of square root and cube root; progression - arithn1etical
and geo1uetrical. Throughout the year frequent and thorough
reviews \Vill be n1ade ; both oral and \Vritten solutions \vill be
required. Much attention will be paid to the proper use of

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ARIZONA TERRITORIAL NOR1JIAL SCHOOL.

symbols of operation, aggregation and relation. Readiness,
speed, accuracy and thorough comprehension of the subject
are our aims in the mathematics.
Fourth Term.

Thorough review of the fundamental operations; careful
consideration of the meaning and practice in the use of mathematical symbols; properties of nuinbers, divisors, multiples,
etc., fully discussed; fractions; abbreviated processes ; denom·
inate numbers ; measures in common use; longitude and time;
metric system ; percentage.
Fifth Term.

Applications of percentage~ profit and loss, commission and
brokerage, stocks, insurance, taxes, bankruptcy, interest, discount, promissory notes, partial payments, annual interest,
compound interest, etc.; ratio and proportion; averages ; progression; powers and roots ; mensuration. Throughout the
fourth and fifth terms many practical problems will be proposed for analysis and solution ; continued .attention will be
paid to the use of signs, n1ethods of solution and abbreviated
processes. It is expected that the student will be benefited
largely by wbat he does.
ARITHMETIC.--Ninth Term.

Review of the fundamental operations as applied to integral
numbers, decimals, common fractions, percentage, etc., with
special reference to methods of teaching.
ALGEBRA.-Fifth and Sixth Terms.

Preliminary definitions; notation; fundamental operations;
factoring; fractions; simple equations; simultaneous equations;
negative results; involution; evolution; theory of exponents;
radicals; quadratic eqnations; arithmetical progression; geometrical progression; proportion; practical problen1s and general review.
Seventh, Eighth and Ninth Terms.

A thorough review of literal notation, symbols, fundan1ental
operations, negative quantities, reciprocals, zero powers and

ARIZONA TERRITORIAL NORMAL SCHOOL.

2r

'{!-------

negative exponents, factors, divisors and multiples, fractions,
abbreviated processes, simple equations, involution and evolu~
tion, quadratic equations, inequalities, theory of exponents,
ratio, proportion and series; arrangements and permutations;
binominal theorem; theory of probabilities; interest formulas;
continued fractions; theory of limits;. indeterminate coefficients;
the differential method; general qualities of equation; Sturm's
theorem; Horner's method of approximation.
GEOMETRY.-Seventh Term.

Definitions; straight lines; plane angles; polygons; circles;
theory of limits; proportion; comparison and measurement of
the surfaces of regular polygons and circles, with application
of principles.
Eighth Term.

Planes; solid angles; polyhedrons; cylinders; cones; spheres.
Practical problems in geometry throughout the course.
ASTRONOMY.-Seventh Term.

Facts ·necessary before beginning observation of the heavenly
bodies; the diurnal motion of the stars-how to observe and
interpret it; the celestial sphere; the equinoctial and horizon
systems of circles; annual motion of stars and sun-method of
observation and connection of the two motions; inequality of
days and nights, and the change of season, observed and
interpreted; precession of the equinoxes; time; the moonhow to observe and interpret her motions; eclipses; the motions
of the planets observed and explained; the attraction of gravitation; the Copernican theory, Newton's discoveries, Tycho
Brahe's measurements, Kepler's laws; tides; celestial measurements; the sun, the planets, meteoroids, comets, and the zodiacal light; the heavens beyond the solar system; the constellations and how to learn them; nebulse. Throughout the entire
time devoted to astronomy, students are required to faithfully
observe the current celestial phenomena and to make maps of
the constellations in vie,v.

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ARIZONA TERRITORIAL NORMAL SCHOOL.
~~~~~~~e·~~~~~~~

BOOK-KEEPING.-Fifth Term.

Definitions; books used; principles ofjournalization; posting; trial balance; balance .sheet, inventories ·of resources and
liabilities ; closing ledger; statements; notes, drafts, checks_
and names of persons connected therewith; interest, discount,exchange; partnership commission, consignments, shipments,
account sales, administrator's books,. etc.
Practical work
throughout the term.

READING.-First and Second Terms.

Phonics; orthography; articulation; accent and emphasis;
position; breath_; gesture;. vocal organs;; drill in calisthenics;
methods of teaching; special attention to increasing the
student's knowledge of English literature.
ORTHOGRAPHY.-First to Third Term Inclusive.

Oral and written; definitions; diacritical marks;. use of
cultivation of an observant habit regarding words.

~ictionary;

GRAMMAR.-First to Third Term Inclusive.

Orthography; classification of letters and sounds, parts of
speech ; parsing; syntax, sentenCe, phrase, clause, punctuation
and capitalization. Daily drill in correct speech, and close
criticism of all written work.
A GRAMMAR.-Ninth Term.

General review of orthography, etymology and syntax ;
parsing; analysis·; letter writillg-social and business correspondence; the use of dia)'.'rams; methods of teaching practical
points of grammar,
RHETORIC.-Fourlh ·Term.

Place of rhetoric in education; kindred sciences; purity, propriety, precision, style, etc.; rhetorical figure$; critical study

ARIZONA TERRITORIAL NORMAL SCHOOL

23

It

of literary productions. The essays, orations, letters, reviews,
etc., prepared by the students make the course practically one
of English composition.
ENGLISH LITERATURE.-Ninth Term.

Beginning of English literature; formative influences of the
English tongue ; the formation of inodern B:nglish, and the
biographies of famous authors, from Chaucer to the present
day, including a study of American literature 1 with analysis
and critical estimation of the Shakespearean drama. Readings
from the classics will be given every day during the term.
WORD ANALYSIS.-Sixth Term.

Classes of words; rules for spelling; the Latin eletnent; the
Greek ele1nent; the Anglo-Saxon element; miscellaneous
derivatives; terms used in school studies.

Natural 5cieoce.
BOTANY.-Sixth Term.

The leaf-parts, venation 1 margin, base. apex, si1nple or
compound; inflorescence-forms, cestivation, floral organs, floral
envelopes ; essential organs; stamens and pistils-parts and
for1ns; fruits-kinds, dehiscent or indehiscent; study of roots
and steins ; phanerogamous and cryptogan1ous plants ; vegetable cells and tissues ; absorption, circulation, absorption and
respiration. Two months are allo1,vcd for the study of theoretical botany and one month for analysis of Arizona plants.
PHYSIOLOGY.-Fourth Term.

Definitions ; organic and inorganic hodies; cells; bones ;
digestive organs and fluids; uses of fluids; absorption; the

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ARIZONA TERRITORIAL NORA1'AL SCHOOL.
;{(-------

lymphatics; respiratory o:r:gans, ventilation, circulation; anatomy, physiology and hygiene of the heart; composition· of
the blood, illustrated with the microscope; temperature of the
body, clothing, etc.; secretion; nervous system; insomniacause and cure; the senses-taste, smell, touch, .vision, hearing, muscular and nervous senses, a study of the anatomy,
physiology and hygiene of each ; the larynx and the voice;
effects of narcotics and stimulants. Illustrations by means of
charts, specimens and microscope through entire course.
GEOLOGY.-Seventh Term.

Dynamical geology-atmospheric agencies, formation of
soil; aqueous agenc.ies-rivers, theory of .stratification, currents ; ice, work of glaciers and icebergs, chemical action of
water; organic agencies-formation of coal, iron, limestone,
and the geographical distribution of species; igneous agencies
-volcanoes, geysers, earthquakes, crust movements; structural geology-stratified rocks, dip, strike, conformity and
uncomformity ; fossils; geologic time; igneous and metamorphic rocks; faults, fissures, mineral veins; mountain making;
historical geology-a study of the geologic eras and their
important characteristics. Samples of rock formations and
fossils are used in study wherever possible.
CHEMISTRY.-Eighth Term.

States of matter; atomic theory; classes of chemical compounds; nomenclature; acids, bases and salts; halogens;
con1pound radicals; classes of reactions ; the elements, considered theoretically and practically; organic chemistry; alcohols;
chemistry of cooking; oils, fats and resins; chemistry of
cleaning; chemical antidotes for poisons; practical analyses
of compounds. Experiments by teacher or pupils '\\ ill be performed every day during the course.
1

zo0LOGY.-Fourth Term.

Practical uses of zoOlogy ; the cell ; differences between animals and plants; classification-protozoa, ccelenterata, crinoids,
vermes, n1ollusca, crustaceans, insects, tunicata, vertebrata.

ARIZO~V.-l

TERl(/TOR!...-lL 1\'0RJll.--JL SCHOOL.

25

-----;f---

A gro\ving collection of zoOlogical specin1ens is utilized for
illustration and practice in classification. The methods of preparing and mounting skins \vill be illustrated, and those \Vho
so desire can do practical work under the supervision of a
teacher.
PHYSICS.-Fifth Term.

Properties of matter; dynamics ; hydrostatic~; hydrokinetics; pneumatics; acoustics; heat; optics; electricity.
All subjects illustrated by experiments.

\ti ritiog

ao<I Drawiog.

WRITING.-Third Term.

Position; practice of the muscular nloven1ent; for111 and
size of lett-ers; analysis; methods of teaching. We rely
mainly on constant practice.
DRAWING.-First, Second and Third Terms.

Straight lines; curves ; designs ; conventional for1ns; object
dra\ving ; perspective; use of crayons, etc.

List of Studeots.
SENIOR CLASS.

Woolf, C. C...
Wingar, Mary ... .
Rembert, Lida L .. .
Halbert, M. Agnes.
Melton, William I ..
Anderson, 1ianie . .

. ....... . Tempe
.Tempe
. .Tempe
... Tempe
. . Tempe
. . Gila Bend

STUDENTS OF FIRST AND SECOND .YEARS.

-:Allen, Seyn1our .. . .
..\nderson, 1\.Iirian1 . .. .
Atkinson, Hardy . .
Austin, 1\lay B . . .
~A._ustin,

Perry

J.. .

Birchett, J obn R.
Birchett, Joseph T ..
Brizzee, Loran a ...

. ...... Mesa

.... Gila Bend
.1"'en1pe
. .. Tempe
. .Tempe
.Tempe
. .... Tempe
. .. . Mesa

ARIZONA TERRITORIAL NORlvh/L SCHOOL.

27

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Bury, .i\.ddine ...
Campbell, William H ..
. Carroll, John J ... .
Clay, Kettie \r ... .
,. Collins, Lora .B: . .. .

x

Culver, Caroline J\.T . . .

Dobbie, Agnes ..
Dobbie, Susie . ..
Donglas, Laura.
Douglas, Mary ....
Douglas, Robert
0

Dykes, Theron .
Everman, Lalla.
Evertnan, Theodore P . .. .
Frankenberg, Don J. .. .
Frankenberg, Hortense ... .

~~

. ... Phcenix
. ... . Tempe

-Tempe
. ......... Buckeye
... Tempe
. ... Tempe
. ............. Silver King
. Silver King
. . Gila Bent!
. ... Gila Bend
.. Gila Bend
. ... Mesa
. ............ . Mesa
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. )Jesa
.. . 1.~empe

. .Tempe

Frankenberg, Roy.

.... Te111pe

Gage, J\..Iartha . .
Goodwin, E. B.
Good,vin, Jessie ?vi.

. ............... Tempe

Goodwin, Mary E ..
Gray, Allie . . . ......... .

Hayden, Carl.
Hill, Leroy F.
Hunsaker, . .AJexander ..

Johnson, J. W .. .
Jones, Kate .............. .
' Knight, William G.
) Latnb, rviark ....
Lane, Jessie.
Le\vis, Daisy 1\.I.
I~ong, 1\.Iary E ...... .
1\IcGre\V, John \"\l ..

McNeil, Mary E ..
11vlclton, Julia :C.
:VTets, John.
l\Iiller, Manuela.

Mullen, R. :Vfaud.
~Iorse, \\T al lace . ...

. .. Tetnpe

. ... Tempe
.. Tempe
. . Phcenix
...... Tempe
..... 'l'empe
. ... 1Iesa
. . . 1\.Iesa

..... Lehi
. . Silver King
. ......... . Mesa
......... Stoddard
. .. Te1npe
. ....... Florence
. .. Te1npe

. ... Tempe
. .Tempe
. . ::\Iesa
.. . Tempe
. .Tempe

. . Tetnpe

28

ARI70NA TERRITORIAL NORllfAL SCHOO!..
·---l}

Newell, manche .
Newell, Fay L ..
Nichols, Julia ..
Norris, Nettie ...
Pederson, :N" ettie J ..
·- Peterson, C. \Varren ..
Pon1eroy, Ina ....
Porter, Cassie ..
Porter, Grace ....
Price, \~lilliam R ..
Ramsdell, Sadie .......... .
- Retnbert, Roberta ..
"'Ridenour, Bertha...
Ridenour, Granville
Riggs, Lizzie ..
Robson, F. P.
Sanders, Ellen ..
. Sanders, Joseph 'VT. ..
Standage, \Villia1n N ..
Standage, Henrietta ..
Ste·0t'art, Anna R ..
'raylor, Ste11a ..
\Tern on, Della ....
· \~·l als\vorth, Roscoe ..
\\Telcon1c, 1.faucl J ..
White, William J ...
Wilbur, Walter.
· Wilson, Bertha Viola ...
V..Tilson, l•:dgar N .. .
\\lindes, Stanley .. .
Woodling, Roy W .. .
Woolf, Ida F ....... .
\Voolf, John \V ..... .
\\Treldt, ~Jrs. Janie

. ......... Mesa
. .Mesa
. .Tempe
. Phcenix
. .... Mesa
. .......... 1-Iesa
. .Mesa
. .. Tempe
. Phcenix
. ......... Phcenix
. Globe
... Ten1pc
. .Tempe
. .. Te1npe
... Tucson
. .. Mesa
. .Rye
. .Rye
. .Mesa
. .Mesa
............ Tempe
.......
. .. , .. Phcenix
. ...................... :i\-fesa
. ..... Tempe
.Gila Bend
. .. Tetnpe
. ... Mesa
. .. Tempe
......... Phcenix
. .. Cotton \Yood
.. Curtis
. ........... Tempe
. . Te1npe
Tempe

ARIZONA TERR!TORl"IL NORil!Af. SCHOOL.

'9

-A-----

A1umoi.
CLASS OF 1886-87.
KAJ.VIE.

BUSI~1";SS.

Reese 11. Ling.

POSTOFFICE.

. 'I'aught t\vo years-Lavvyer .. Prescott.

Georgie Holmesley.

. . Taught six years.

. ... Cave Creek.

Gertrude Po111eroy* .... Taught t\vo years.
B:tta Broomell ... - ..... Taught three years .......... Te1npe.
(lVIrs. John]<Jhnson.)

Jas. H. rvicClintock ..... Taught five years." Gazette." Phcenix.
CLASS OF 1887-88.

Martha Sears ....

. . Taught four years .......... Phcenix.

Kate Cunnnings.

. ... Taught t\vo years.

. .. 'l'empe.

(:\!rs. Fisher Bailey,)

Henry Q. Robertson .... ~raught four years. .1\rmer, Gila Co.
CLASS OF 1889-90 .

Lena Coughran ..

. . . Taught one year .. \1/illian1so11 \r alley.

Nanna Bro\vtl ......... Taught three years. .

. .. Ten1pe.

(I\lrs. Jno. Knight.)

Russell White·i· ........ Naval Cadet....

. . Annapolis, Md.

CLASS OF 1890-91.

Lee Gray ....

. ... La\v student at

J osephinc Frankenberg .. 'I'aught

tv;.ro

\:~ale

.... N E'\V Haven.

years ...

. .... Tempe.

CLASS OF 1891-92.

\rictoria B. Shan' ...

Lillian J. McAllister..
*Deceased.

. '!'aught one tern1 ..

. .... Phcenix.
. ..... 'l'o1nbstone.

t Recei\'ed certificate of course finished.

30

ARIZONA TERRITORIAL NORNAL SCHOOL.
- - - - - - - :0. --

T ~xt Boolo\s .
Reading ..

Rhetoric.

. . . . . . . Cutnnock's Choice Readings.
. . . . . . . . . ... Hill.

English Literature.

. .. Sha\V.

Word Analysis ...

. .. Swinton.

Political Geography.

. .... Harper.

Physical Geography ..

. , Appleton.

Arithmetic

White.
{ Wentworth & Hill.

Algebra .. .

. .. Went\vorth .
Geon1etry .. .
. . . . Went\vorth.
Astronon1y ................. Bo\.ven .
ZoOlogy ..
. . . . . . . Holder.
.Avery .
Physics ...
. . Tracy.
Physiology ...
Botany...

Gray.

Geology. .
. ... Le Conte.
Chen1istry .................. 1ileade.

Gra1nn1ar .................. Conklin.
History, United States..

. Eggleston.

General History. .

. ... S\vinton.

History of Education.

. Quick.
. ... He\vitt .

Practical Pedagogy.
Psychology ... .
Ethics ....... .

. . . . . Gosdy.
. .. Peabody's Moral Philosophy.

Orthography.
Dra\ving ..

. White.

\\Triting ...

. Spencer.

Ci,·il Goven1111ent..
Book-keeping.

. S'\vinton .

. Andre,vs' Constitution.
. . \.Villian1s & Rogers.

ARIZONA TERRITORIAL NORMAL SCHOOL.

31

~~~~~~-~~~~~~~-

Caleodar for

1893-94.

The first term begins Monday, September 4, 1893, and
closes ·December 22, 1893.
The second term begins Wednesday, January 3, 1 894, and
closes March 23 1 1894.
The third term begins Monday, March 26, 1894, and closes
June 15, 1894.