WEBVTT

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My name is Dan Jones on behalf of Howe Architecture Library and the

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College of Architecture. I'm proud to
present Dr Paolo Soleri.

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There are a few seats I don't know,
since it's mostly visual. If you like

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to try to come look forward,

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there are a few scattered around,

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Uh, you are going to see an attempt to
suggest alternatives to the kind of

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, uh, urban conditions that we have
been developing in the West in the

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West and definitely in in the States.
We don't seem to be able to get away

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from it, and I think that it's very
important to try to define options and

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to define options is going to take a
long, uh, ha quite a bit of work and

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time and investment in order to to
define options. So prototyping or

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modelling and testing, I think, is one
of the essential tasks of, uh, of

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any kind of society that wants to have
an open openings on the future. We

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seem to be not willing to do that, and
one reason is that it's very

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expensive to experiment on on urban
problems, and not only that we are

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really sold to the notion that what we
have been developed. Now it's the

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best of all possible choices, and we
are stuck with it. And I think that's

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not just

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dangerous, very at this point is also
very, uh, demeaning.

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So what you're going to see is what I
think. It's not an exception, but

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it's a rule and the exception being
the the kind of, uh, Los Angeles

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syndrome that we have been developing
in the last two generations. Let's

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say so before that happened. And it
happened for many reasons, not just

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because of the automobile. Before that
happened, there was another kind of

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of view on how to live together. So I
feel that I am in a tradition

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of things, not trying to get away from
it.

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Oh, I'm going to have, uh, 300 slides.
You think you could reach in turn

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on the and, uh, the first city. It's
just a, uh, an opening, a visual

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opening,

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some kind of a warm up, which I'm not
going to explain, but the title of

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representation to some psychology,
Archology is the combination of

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architecture and ecology. Two sons
refers to the existence of those two

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resources. The physical resource and
the one that is it's a, uh, an

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offspring, uh, of this resource, which
is life in general and, uh, the

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human life in particular. So there is
a physical radiance, and there is a

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a human and, uh, physiological
radiance. Those two have to be present

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whenever we think in terms of, uh,
human habitats within an ecological

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frame of reference. Many of you may
have seen the the foundation. This is

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the layout of the foundation, which
happens gradually without any, uh,

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predetermined plan. Uh, this is where
we have this. The office, the

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ceramics, the family, the the
exhibition space, the entrance, one of the

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residences, the swimming pool, the
canopy, et cetera, et cetera. As I was

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saying, could we turn off the lights?

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I'm very, very quickly through some
visual things.

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Thank you.

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Thank you.

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Uh, something that I was playing with
in the fifties, the beginning of the

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interest in urban questions. And this
was, uh, a very simple minded, uh,

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logistical network, uh, roads with the
automobile in mind. And but there

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was a certain topography which, uh was
defined by a little lake and little

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dam. And so on and around this, uh,
topography. I was trying to develop a

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, um, a network or four. So that was
it. There wasn't very much depth in

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it. This was a much more complex, uh,
study the Mesa City project where,

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since I was beginning to be interested
in, uh, in ecological questions, I

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was trying to put within this this
idea some of the reflections of this

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interest. Uh, for instance, there were
processing plans which were, uh,

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serving as, uh, the transformation of,
uh, liquid and and solid waste into

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chemicals or minerals or whatever that
would be fed back into industries

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and into farming.

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There were the main feature was
villages between two and 3000 people

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organised around a inner garden and
surrounded by a larger garden. Those

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villages were connected with the local
centres of market and C civic

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activities. But the main resource
serving those villages were a network of

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industries and marketing places and a
smaller one of home industries and

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markets. There were there were there
was a large, uh, learning centre in

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here. There was a federalized
theological centre in here, and the

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connection between those two centres
was was the development of a quarry

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and this quarry, which would be
serving, uh, the need of in aggregate and

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possibly some something like lime or
even con cement. This quarry was

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progressively transformed while
exhausting itself into a garden. So this

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is this is a geology which is
transformed through the intervention of man

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into a neo geology, which is a
landscape with, uh, a number of features.

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So the closing of a cycle there, the
attempt of closing the cycle there

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basically the idea was still very much
geared to modes, which I think I. I

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began to think to think then that they
were not sufficient to serve well

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the needs of a of an intense urban
life. In other words, if you are there

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in order to get there, you might have
to spend 20 minutes or whatever and

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plus energy plus investments in
whatever is the mode that you are using

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and so on. So that very physical fact
made me to move into a direction

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which is almost the opposite. Instead
of having a a big pizza, Uh, where

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you develop an habitat, you you build
a, uh, a three dimensional solid,

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more or less, which is the idea of
Archology. So you minimise you implode

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all this system into something that
might be comparable to that much. Or

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maybe that much. And that's what Well,
what I will get into Later in the

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fifties, I was interested in solar
energy, and this was an, uh, an

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application that I made to MIT from
Italy. I didn't get anywhere, but

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anyhow, I was proposing some. Some
work in seeing how solar energy could

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be captured may be stored partially
and also fed into a building. And the

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building would have been a residence,
residential building or a mix of

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activities. So in this case, you see
the the greenhouse develop into a

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chimney, a water tank that could have
been connected with some of the

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storage heat sink and so on, and then
with different kinds of diagrams. I

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was trying to use the wind,
multidirectional winds, tides, waterfalls like

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in the dam condition and so on.

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Nobody was interested in those things
at that time, so slowly drifted away

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from specifically from those things.
But I kept trying to do something

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that was connecting with the sun, and
you'll see that in the apsis. Later

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on the the diagram of representation
used to be, uh, a metro, which was

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referring to effects. They were
effects related to inorganic energy

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effects related to the organic energy,
the effects related to the human

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condition in in organic energy, I have
the greenhouse effect, the chimney

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fat, the apps effect and I will go
over those in at a certain point in the

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organic energy, I have the
horticultural effect, which is the cultivation

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intensive cultivation of foodstuff,
mainly vegetables, but also filtering

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animal proteins, possibly into a
greenhouse condition. And the mental

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energy was the human, social,
cultural, political, economic, aesthetic and

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so on. And this is the the most
difficult part of the presentation. It

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relates to what I call the urban
effect, and I will go into that later

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after those. I have a very brief
survey of the first generation Ecologist

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, the ones in an MIT book where I had
diagrams and models very theoretical

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, very hypothetical, very symbology
more than anything else. Then I had

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the empirical process, the
prototyping, which is a Kante. Then I moved

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into the transformation of the first
generation ecology into the second

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generation, where the sun is pulled in
and it's made to be one of the main

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actors within the urban landscape can
have models and some diagrams about

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this and ultimately the transformation
of Kanti because of this

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intervention into a new model, which
you see at the end of the

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presentation, as it is now, I somehow
rearrange the presentation. I go

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through the Arcosanti empirical
process first so that you can grasp some

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of the concrete things that we are
doing. Then I move briefly into the the

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theoretical idea of Archology. Then
I'll try to explain the the effects

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and more, very specifically, the urban
effect. That's when you'll go to

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sleep. And then I'll move into the
Tucson ecology with the new the recent

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models and and then they they kanti
under this change conditions. So the

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prototype. I don't know how many of
you have been at that Kant. It's about

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70 miles on the Black Canyon Highway
Highway at Cordes Junction, which is

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there two miles from from the site. As
as you know, this is grassland 3700

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ft above sea level. I picked this
ledge of auto 860 acres that the

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foundation owns, and on this ledge by
using only less than 202% of the of

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the of the site we are building at
Kante after setting up the camp about

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eight years ago, where we have water,
power and shade and so on. We began

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the construction.

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The construction is painfully slow
because the money is coming in by the

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eye drop or whatever. And one of the
main resources to go under this

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construction is people coming and
working with us and paying for work? Uh

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, that means that quite hopefully they
are learning something. We are

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meeting this before breakfast, uh,
looking at the site in the shade

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because it's summer a meeting. We have
at least one of those meetings with

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myself once a week, and they have a
number of meetings among themselves,

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with the staff and so on. So they
come, they pay and they work about

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between five and six weeks or longer.
So with the mo the money, we we buy

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, uh, materials, energy, you know how
and equipment and so on. And then

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they put their own, uh, labour to the
construction. So it's a double

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kind of help that we are receiving
from people and they are mostly young

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people students, and we are constantly
trying to recruit naturally.

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And then we are matching those ones
with what we do at the foundation. But

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this is the KANTI regional activity.
Bells, ceramics, bells in metal,

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small, big, inexpensive or very
expensive. Some commissions. This is done

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in Phoenix in front of the library,
between the library and a museum,

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small pieces that I do in Styrofoam
and then they are translated in metal

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sketches that I've been doing lately,
also in the market to raise funds.

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And this is part of the early model,
which has been almost abandoned,

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totally transformed. This is the camp
about three years ago, with some of

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the organic vegetable grown,

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um, the campsite. I mean, the building
site is up there. This is a view

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from the South looking at the slope,
which is eventually going to be a

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greenhouse. And then the bulk of the
building, which is transformed now.

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But it's still 25 story high. And what
of this or early model we have in

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construction? Two boards, two
residents with offices, ceramics, family and

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restaurant with exhibition and so on.
And at the same scale, you can see

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them there.

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This is the kind of sub soil that we
have. It's a basaltic rock,

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and this is the new from near the
highway from the west, part of the early

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model.

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And this model, As I say, we build two
boats one and two in the North Side

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residences and so on. We use some of
the techniques that we have been

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working with in in Scottsdale, which
means we I think it's a little too

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high. We went, we go and a little bit.
We take this silt, which is very

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fine sand mixed with some kind of
bentonite or whatever. It's all natural.

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We are not adding anything, and this
S, this very fine sand is packed,

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and then it's patterned sometimes and
painted with cement colours.

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And by starting with the let's say
with the skin, you, you end up by

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having the skin incorporated in the
structure. This is the foundation for

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this vault,

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and this is the final unit assembled.

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The second law was added about two
years ago, so now we have a F space,

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which is where we assemble the modules
in steel or in carpentry. Then we

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have, uh, we can do many things there,
including performances, dinners,

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concerts and so on

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the same technique, somehow using the
sled as a bond breaker. This is a

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slab, and you might pour a unit a
module in the slab. Instead of using AAA

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Bond breaker, a chemical bond breaker.
You can put the sealed you can pour

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liquid seal, let's say and then by
doing that, you you invest the sealed

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on the surface, which is shown there.
This is the ceramic sets, and it's

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like an acoustic shell with the
opening to the south. That means that the

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winter sun is allowed to penetrate in
on the working area throughout the

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winter. The closer you move toward the
the hot, the heat of the summer,

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the less sunshine you get to the
point. But in the middle of the summer

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you get quite a large shaded area
working area. So I call this some kind

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of a passive sun machine because
through the shape to the methodology of

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the system, you you obtain this
climate, which is quite good winter and

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summer. At this, in this kind of of
climate, where you have quite a bit of

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sunshine and the winter days are quite
warm if you can If you can be

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surrounded by a shell which separates
you from the cold radiations and at

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the same time you have the sunshine
pouring in. The sum as that we are

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saying is the opposite.

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So this is the ceramic sets. And of
course, we have been built using silt

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again as one of the moulding
materials, the inside of a of a residence

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showing again the use of silt.

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And this is the family which is
somehow the same kind of apps that is

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surrounded at the second level by, uh,
two residences, two independent

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rooms and two studios connected with
the residences two level studios. So

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the same procedure here, we're using
the silt, the very rough forming the

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finished form where we are cutting
patterns. We are putting colours and we

00:17:57.809 --> 00:18:05.436
are putting reinforcing still. Have
you see there?

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So this is the forming the negative.
That is the the resulting structure.

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This is the finished apps, the family with the residency with the two

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studios, the ceramics, one resident,
one of the walls. And then there are

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the four story building, which is now
almost completed. That's the foundry

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in that building. There are some
private rooms at this level, with

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services in the north side, a two
level place which will be eventually a

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restaurant with a mezzanine where we
have a cafe now and again. The

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service in the north Side and an
exhibition space on top exhibition

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restaurant residences is the
landscaping between the buildings in there,

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The inside of the restaurant. We are
using local stones for the retaining

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walls, it, the ceramics, ceramics it
was. It didn't take too long to find

00:19:05.640 --> 00:19:09.666
out that those buildings were
responding to a number of needs or they they

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design somehow new needs. And that's
what I call. That's what I mean when

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I say that quite often the forum comes
before the function,

00:19:20.539 --> 00:19:26.496
and this is the lab in the on the
outside of the two balls where we are

00:19:26.529 --> 00:19:32.325
going to develop graphics and some and
some woodwork

00:19:32.358 --> 00:19:36.936
and returning to this question of what
comes first, the function of the

00:19:36.969 --> 00:19:41.956
forum. Those forums define define a
very good condition for, uh, for

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festivities, celebrations and so on.
So we might have a small concert or a

00:19:46.559 --> 00:19:52.397
mime or a speaker doing something
there, and then we have here there. And

00:19:52.430 --> 00:19:58.107
also you can project those sounds and
lights at night, for instance, and

00:19:58.140 --> 00:20:03.976
go there and listen and look. So we
have the three festivals. The Festival

00:20:04.009 --> 00:20:07.506
of October. The first weekend of
October is the festival period. This

00:20:07.539 --> 00:20:10.607
October, we are going to have four
days. The conference is going to based

00:20:10.640 --> 00:20:14.706
, which is part of the festival is
going to be on the subject of the arts

00:20:14.739 --> 00:20:20.295
and the environment for very specific
reasons. But, uh, for instance, the

00:20:20.328 --> 00:20:26.555
last three years, we we set up a stage
on the bottom of, uh of this slope

00:20:26.588 --> 00:20:31.055
and that's where we have the main
performances, the smaller performances

00:20:31.088 --> 00:20:35.897
that are going on in the vaults, in
the apsis and also in the restaurant.

00:20:35.930 --> 00:20:43.555
This was the opening of, uh, last
year, uh, festival.

00:20:43.588 --> 00:20:48.627
Last year, the subject of the of the
conference was health healing and

00:20:48.660 --> 00:20:55.776
self reliance. This was one of the
meetings in the foundry apps.

00:20:55.809 --> 00:21:03.809
We had dancers, many group many groups
from Arizona and outside of Arizona.

00:21:05.229 --> 00:21:07.229
The people in what is the temporary cut for the amphitheatre. We can We

00:21:10.979 --> 00:21:14.916
can, uh serve about three or 4000
people here. And then if you go into the

00:21:14.949 --> 00:21:21.746
main slope, then you can go up to
many, many tens of thousands.

00:21:21.779 --> 00:21:26.045
A certain point. We had dances all
over the structures

00:21:26.078 --> 00:21:33.627
there on ceramics, found stage and so
on.

00:21:33.660 --> 00:21:39.357
This is the ceramics ceramics

00:21:39.390 --> 00:21:42.426
we are. We are a very good man that
from New York that has beautiful

00:21:42.459 --> 00:21:48.666
banners. This year we are going to
have probably kites many, many kites

00:21:48.699 --> 00:21:54.186
and balance.

00:21:54.219 --> 00:21:59.976
But you know, this man leader leader

00:22:00.009 --> 00:22:05.996
who live

00:22:06.029 --> 00:22:14.029
there are minorities in this
conference about help. You know that Lance

00:22:14.949 --> 00:22:22.949
Indians Chicanos blacks.

00:22:24.989 --> 00:22:29.107
So this this relationship of of a
stage which eventually will be built.

00:22:29.140 --> 00:22:32.887
The greenhouses which will in which
the stage will be incorporated, the

00:22:32.920 --> 00:22:38.246
large possibility of many thousands of
people on on the natural and the

00:22:38.279 --> 00:22:42.956
buildings which are performing part of
the performing act. So we have

00:22:42.989 --> 00:22:48.325
geology, climate, hour of the day,
people groups, all the things working

00:22:48.358 --> 00:22:52.206
together and quite well,

00:22:52.239 --> 00:22:57.835
it will be far. All group from New
York

00:22:57.868 --> 00:23:02.367
dances under the vault. One of the
meetings last year, again with Betty

00:23:02.400 --> 00:23:07.555
Friedan, Mel Roman from New York and
so on.

00:23:07.588 --> 00:23:13.065
And we had a This was a, uh, Indian
American Indian group. Some of the

00:23:13.098 --> 00:23:19.825
shots at night. And this is a
procession of Childrens with Japanese

00:23:19.858 --> 00:23:26.266
lanterns. I think 70 Children, the two
cranes. And then we got the the

00:23:26.299 --> 00:23:31.305
world we had the welding going on
while we have acrobatics there in the

00:23:31.338 --> 00:23:34.676
town where we had the grinding going
on. And then we had the shadow

00:23:34.709 --> 00:23:39.055
playing of dancers against the walls
or through the windows, and so on. At

00:23:39.088 --> 00:23:42.976
the same time, we had music music
going on so that the whole thing was co

00:23:43.009 --> 00:23:46.456
ordinated, but not the best
coordinations. But it begin to show the

00:23:46.489 --> 00:23:51.666
potential of the side welding,
grinding

00:23:51.699 --> 00:23:56.847
again, welding light.

00:23:56.880 --> 00:24:01.946
And then on the opposite side we had
the Spectators with the main stage.

00:24:01.979 --> 00:24:05.555
And then we had things going on on the
cliff on the slope, groups of

00:24:05.588 --> 00:24:12.347
dancers, processions and so on. And
finally, in this group of slides, the

00:24:12.380 --> 00:24:16.906
swimming pool which originated with
the idea that we would try to use the

00:24:16.939 --> 00:24:24.295
sun as as a heater. So we cut this the
platform along this slope where we

00:24:24.328 --> 00:24:29.666
have a nice cliff rock formation there
we put a bed of rocks about 2 ft

00:24:29.699 --> 00:24:35.526
high, which is going to be a a
perforated bed with the hot air from the

00:24:35.559 --> 00:24:40.236
from the greenhouse is going to be
conveyed under to the chimney effect.

00:24:40.269 --> 00:24:45.325
So sloping greenhouse hot air conveyed
under conveying itself under and

00:24:45.358 --> 00:24:48.877
venting along the rock. The rock
themselves are going to accumulate quite

00:24:48.910 --> 00:24:52.335
a bit of energy. The sun is quite low
in the winter, so this warms up and

00:24:52.368 --> 00:24:57.147
begins to begins to radiate. So the
combination of those things should be

00:24:57.180 --> 00:25:00.996
sufficient to raise the temperature up
to the point where you can swim

00:25:01.029 --> 00:25:05.295
even in the winter and the swimming
pool is almost completed. Now we are

00:25:05.328 --> 00:25:09.456
trying to open it by May. This is the
view from the north. This is going

00:25:09.489 --> 00:25:14.176
to be a part of the deck. The deck is
finished. This is the engine, the

00:25:14.209 --> 00:25:18.776
equipment room. This is the sloping to
the south. That's the camp. This is

00:25:18.809 --> 00:25:25.315
going to be a water pond. Hopefully
eventually and that's farming land.

00:25:25.348 --> 00:25:32.085
Our land goes up to the power line
there. Now I'm leaving aan to come back

00:25:32.118 --> 00:25:35.756
to it at the end to show the
transformation of the model of the general

00:25:35.789 --> 00:25:40.196
structure, and I'm going through very
quickly the earlier colleges. The

00:25:40.229 --> 00:25:43.996
fundamental notion is that life is a
very intense phenomenon, very complex

00:25:44.029 --> 00:25:48.926
, the most complex thing that we can
we can anticipate throughout the

00:25:48.959 --> 00:25:54.575
universe in terms of life or or a
phase of this complexity. And so the the

00:25:54.608 --> 00:26:00.305
notion is that there is no way by
which we can simplify or return to

00:26:00.338 --> 00:26:06.196
conditions of more elementary
association or or culture, and so on. We are

00:26:06.229 --> 00:26:10.785
going to be more complex, never more
more simple because that goes against

00:26:10.818 --> 00:26:16.696
the grain of conscience,
consciousness, mental work and so on. So you got

00:26:16.729 --> 00:26:19.406
a paradigm. If you work on that long
enough, you got a paradigm where you

00:26:19.439 --> 00:26:23.726
find out that you have more life where
you have more complexity. You have

00:26:23.759 --> 00:26:26.696
more complexity whether you have more
miniaturisation, and I'll get into

00:26:26.729 --> 00:26:31.815
that a little later. But that's the by
line for the idea that any kind of

00:26:31.848 --> 00:26:36.776
habitat has to be very, very conscious
of that paradigm.

00:26:36.809 --> 00:26:43.127
Uh, in the MIT book of the
illustration of those, I had 24 or two or so

00:26:43.160 --> 00:26:46.996
ideas we developed So we put them in a
book. This was a floating system.

00:26:47.029 --> 00:26:54.217
You have collection and and
transformation of material from the sea fish,

00:26:54.250 --> 00:26:58.637
mineral chemicals, whatever the
consumption on the spot and also the the

00:26:58.670 --> 00:27:03.305
export, the export would define some
of the capability of this community

00:27:03.338 --> 00:27:08.236
to to survive and so on. Eventually,
you would build, uh, urban ris

00:27:08.269 --> 00:27:15.736
connecting those units of those
harvesting and processing units so this

00:27:15.769 --> 00:27:21.656
could become a floating metropolitan
system on a continental shelf. The

00:27:21.689 --> 00:27:27.055
same notion, uh, something floating in
the water in different kinds of

00:27:27.088 --> 00:27:32.357
structural and performing terms.

00:27:32.390 --> 00:27:39.627
The idea of a dam that, in a way it's
a wasted, um, gigantic masonry in

00:27:39.660 --> 00:27:43.467
the sense that the same masonry could
contain. Besides being a container

00:27:43.500 --> 00:27:48.666
of a floor, it could also be a
container of life. So by designing tent,

00:27:48.699 --> 00:27:53.347
you can take the idea of a dam and
make it into an idea of of a city dam.

00:27:53.380 --> 00:27:57.166
If it's small, it could be a resort
centre. If it's large, it could be a

00:27:57.199 --> 00:28:03.467
metropolitan system. Water is
available for the energy for farming,

00:28:03.500 --> 00:28:08.756
domestic purposes, recreation, power
production and so on. And sometimes

00:28:08.789 --> 00:28:13.686
those sites are quite striking and
beautiful.

00:28:13.719 --> 00:28:18.256
You think you could put the other one?

00:28:18.289 --> 00:28:23.107
Thank you.

00:28:23.140 --> 00:28:27.916
I have a series of very rough models
to indicate somehow to show a

00:28:27.949 --> 00:28:33.397
parallel between the Palestinian
building as a size and what those ideas

00:28:33.430 --> 00:28:37.756
in terms of community could be. This
was a suggested something like less

00:28:37.789 --> 00:28:42.976
than 20,000 people, a community in a
hot climate where the community

00:28:43.009 --> 00:28:48.075
itself becomes the big umbrella, the
big parasol for the main staging of

00:28:48.108 --> 00:28:53.347
public activities.

00:28:53.380 --> 00:29:00.137
So thank you. This was still the damn
thing.

00:29:00.170 --> 00:29:06.877
So this was a unit that I. I tend to
suggest, as a farm town for farmers,

00:29:06.910 --> 00:29:10.867
which might sound strange in this
country. It's very normal in Asia and

00:29:10.900 --> 00:29:16.335
Europe. Most of the farmers live in
towns. This is the same thing for

00:29:16.368 --> 00:29:19.867
Lisbon. It could be a farming town
where the families of the farmer might

00:29:19.900 --> 00:29:26.377
choose to have to live in an habitat
which can offer resources beyond the

00:29:26.410 --> 00:29:33.406
farm condition again. The invested
building to indicate the size. Now I'm

00:29:33.439 --> 00:29:39.075
showing this because, uh, I'm I'm
constantly saying that we are not

00:29:39.108 --> 00:29:42.835
involved in mega structures. We are
involved in mini structures. The

00:29:42.868 --> 00:29:46.147
reason is that this. If you develop
this two dimensionally, you get

00:29:46.180 --> 00:29:50.545
something which you get a structure
which might be 20 times as big. So you

00:29:50.578 --> 00:29:54.815
move from a from a very large, let's
say, pizza structure pancake

00:29:54.848 --> 00:29:58.676
structure to a very small, three
dimensional structure. So it's a mini.

00:29:58.709 --> 00:30:04.065
It's a militarization of the urban
landscape. This is inside of the second

00:30:04.098 --> 00:30:09.446
one that you saw, indicating mainly
the those spaces which could be

00:30:09.479 --> 00:30:14.887
commercial, public, social and so on.
Because we are trying to keep the

00:30:14.920 --> 00:30:22.920
exterior, uh, for the urban for I mean
for the private conditions, homes,

00:30:23.410 --> 00:30:28.426
apartments and so on. Another example
in this series, about 1 million

00:30:28.459 --> 00:30:33.266
population and the main point to make
here that again, since you are in

00:30:33.299 --> 00:30:38.887
the car pedestrian due to the mini
landscape by being a pedestrian, you,

00:30:38.920 --> 00:30:41.617
uh, you eliminate the automobile. The
automobile has no no access. There

00:30:41.650 --> 00:30:47.597
are no roads, period. There are only
streets, arcades, plazas and whatever.

00:30:47.630 --> 00:30:52.666
It's acceptable and desirable for for
people, not for automobiles. You

00:30:52.699 --> 00:30:56.637
can walk throughout it. If you live
here, you can have your grand

00:30:56.670 --> 00:31:00.026
grandparents there or vice versa. That
means that you are not sitting on

00:31:00.059 --> 00:31:04.795
top of each other. But you you have
this access on a daily basis without

00:31:04.828 --> 00:31:10.055
the need of of devices like automobile
and so on. And that means that the

00:31:10.088 --> 00:31:14.906
child can do that. The nurse can do
that. The businessman can do that. And

00:31:14.939 --> 00:31:20.325
you you find out that your life can be
enriched by eliminating those gaps

00:31:20.358 --> 00:31:25.206
in time. Space, frustration, energy,
pollution and so on. The fact of a

00:31:25.239 --> 00:31:30.416
minimised landscape defines an
immediate country between the cityscape,

00:31:30.449 --> 00:31:35.676
the manmade and the open country,
which I think again, it's a very crucial

00:31:35.709 --> 00:31:40.726
element to to survey, especially for
the underprivileged. Usually when you

00:31:40.759 --> 00:31:45.085
are trapped in a city which is the
poor, the poor roses site, I mean it

00:31:45.118 --> 00:31:49.946
doesn't have access to nature. And if
you think of the Children's putting

00:31:49.979 --> 00:31:55.416
that kind of condition, you see how
squalid life might become. So this is

00:31:55.449 --> 00:32:00.555
an attempt also to define this
continuous connection between the habitat,

00:32:00.588 --> 00:32:05.436
which can be crucially intense and
outside outside it, it's almost the

00:32:05.469 --> 00:32:11.276
opposite. Uh, services, utilities and
so on would be minimised in terms

00:32:11.309 --> 00:32:17.967
again of length of a section in, you
know, uh, floor

00:32:18.000 --> 00:32:21.726
and also the the administrations,
probably could be cut down, which means

00:32:21.759 --> 00:32:27.266
you begin to see the possibility of
the reduction of bureaucratic machines

00:32:27.299 --> 00:32:33.467
remoteness. Due to that and all the
consequences of feeling impotent

00:32:33.500 --> 00:32:37.137
within a gigantic system.

00:32:37.170 --> 00:32:44.137
This imply implies saving, uh, in
terms of ecological sanity, saving of

00:32:44.170 --> 00:32:49.387
land, saving of water, saving of of
energy, saving of materials.

00:32:49.420 --> 00:32:53.256
And if you can get the sun to work
into it, then you introduce this

00:32:53.289 --> 00:32:59.516
additional element in terms of a
democratic kind of resource.

00:32:59.549 --> 00:33:06.446
The non dependence from a large
governmental or or corporate systems for

00:33:06.479 --> 00:33:10.467
your resources in terms of energy,

00:33:10.500 --> 00:33:15.676
could you do the same thing? Thank
you.

00:33:15.709 --> 00:33:19.666
So we we have a number of models and
they are not all here. But, uh, I

00:33:19.699 --> 00:33:24.117
hope you got the some some ideas of
why the third dimension being

00:33:24.150 --> 00:33:26.347
introduced.

00:33:26.380 --> 00:33:30.996
Two more examples. One is the concept
of the linear city. This is a very,

00:33:31.029 --> 00:33:34.397
very rough model. But the con if you
cut through here again in a very

00:33:34.430 --> 00:33:39.045
simplified way, you are at the central
level Logistical network. That's

00:33:39.078 --> 00:33:43.637
where automobiles, trains, thematic
transportation and even air

00:33:43.670 --> 00:33:50.756
transportation would be the bulk of
the logistical, uh, network.

00:33:50.789 --> 00:33:54.696
That means that you could plug them to
this network communities from the

00:33:54.729 --> 00:33:57.637
very small to the very large.

00:33:57.670 --> 00:34:01.295
And by doing that you have this
transportation has worked very close to

00:34:01.328 --> 00:34:05.726
your house. You have your house in
into the into the social and public,

00:34:05.759 --> 00:34:10.077
and, uh, and cultural institution for
the city and again, you you have

00:34:10.110 --> 00:34:17.206
immediate contact with the open. When
if if you break down this, you get

00:34:17.239 --> 00:34:23.506
the unsolvable problems of of the
diaspora, where things become

00:34:23.539 --> 00:34:30.416
unmanageable and you lose touch,
social touch, touch with nature and your

00:34:30.449 --> 00:34:35.465
somehow your civilization seems to be
on the brink of collapse.

00:34:35.498 --> 00:34:39.135
Linear city means a continuity.
Continuity would mean, in some instances,

00:34:39.168 --> 00:34:43.075
the bridging of some obstacle, like a
canyon or a river and so on again,

00:34:43.108 --> 00:34:46.394
extremes to illustrate the
possibilities,

00:34:46.427 --> 00:34:51.206
uh, according to a certain approach,
which is again complexity and

00:34:51.239 --> 00:34:54.095
implosion

00:34:54.128 --> 00:34:59.577
and last in the series. The idea that,

00:34:59.610 --> 00:35:04.396
uh, airports are really, uh, places
where no one no one is interested in

00:35:04.429 --> 00:35:08.956
going or coming from. So why not build
a city instead of an airport? Well

00:35:08.989 --> 00:35:13.316
, a big airport employs more than
100,000 people, so you have already, uh

00:35:13.349 --> 00:35:19.356
, an an embryonic city there. So the
question would be to redesigning and

00:35:19.389 --> 00:35:26.046
see in it the the quality of
permanence and an intensity that belongs to a

00:35:26.079 --> 00:35:31.195
city. So in this case, according to a
certain pattern in New Jersey, we

00:35:31.228 --> 00:35:36.086
have we suggested the landing steps.
Suppose you land. The engine turns

00:35:36.119 --> 00:35:40.615
off, is turned off, the aircraft is
pulled in in this taxi ring and you

00:35:40.648 --> 00:35:44.747
are practically disembarking or
getting onto the plane at the centre of

00:35:44.780 --> 00:35:50.807
the city. The city is never flown on
top because everything is tangential

00:35:50.840 --> 00:35:53.467
to it.

00:35:53.500 --> 00:35:59.267
Mm. This is the land, the taxing ring.
But the indications of industries

00:35:59.300 --> 00:36:02.236
will agree. Agree with the with the
green belt. And this is the bulk of

00:36:02.269 --> 00:36:08.316
the city in this case, about 1 million
population.

00:36:08.349 --> 00:36:13.175
Uh, we developed some libras
indicating the time gaps between activities.

00:36:13.208 --> 00:36:18.066
So it it's a question of hundreds of
feet instead of tens of miles, and

00:36:18.099 --> 00:36:22.296
it's a question of minutes or seconds.
Instead of dozens of minutes and so

00:36:22.329 --> 00:36:25.776
on, the consumption of energy would be
reduced, the pollution will be

00:36:25.809 --> 00:36:33.456
almost eliminated. And you you can
enrich your life. If this landscape is

00:36:33.489 --> 00:36:39.175
well defined, and if if it becomes a
very exciting place to travel to,

00:36:39.208 --> 00:36:44.477
it's again. It's a mini landscape. Now
I'm trying to explain the urban

00:36:44.510 --> 00:36:48.256
effect, which is based on this idea of
complexity miniaturisation and I'm

00:36:48.289 --> 00:36:53.217
beginning from the very beginning, and
I cannot read it. Thank you. Zoom a

00:36:53.250 --> 00:37:01.250
little. Thank you. Um, a little more.
That's good.

00:37:04.300 --> 00:37:09.956
This is a a diagram. Uh, somehow,
based on a western view of of the cosmos

00:37:09.989 --> 00:37:15.057
, the evolutionary process, it's a
process. It's not a state, no matter

00:37:15.090 --> 00:37:19.345
what you look at. So we have a mass in
the universe, which is the basis of

00:37:19.378 --> 00:37:23.695
this process. The deterministic way is
deterministic because some other

00:37:23.728 --> 00:37:28.276
rules that we think are unchangeable
the laws of gravity, gravitational

00:37:28.309 --> 00:37:32.396
law, electric,

00:37:32.429 --> 00:37:37.756
chemical or whatever. And it's a it's
a cosmogenesis, and I tend to call

00:37:37.789 --> 00:37:41.606
it the universe of indifference. And
listed here are cats, which are very

00:37:41.639 --> 00:37:45.936
much pertinent to the idea of the of
the urban effect. This the problem of

00:37:45.969 --> 00:37:50.747
the consciousness, uh, mental
processes, social processes, cultural

00:37:50.780 --> 00:37:55.095
processes in the city. This universe
is insensitive, structural, Similar,

00:37:55.128 --> 00:38:00.365
predictable, granular, rational,
statistical and tropic. And segregation.

00:38:00.398 --> 00:38:05.977
The physical universe. Uh, not spring
or the possibility of this becoming

00:38:06.010 --> 00:38:10.267
something else has been exemplified,
at least on one spot. The earth, the

00:38:10.300 --> 00:38:14.405
genetic way, the biogenesis, the
biological universe, the universal. In a

00:38:14.438 --> 00:38:20.217
sense, if you see it mainly as plants
and animals, it is social Cooper

00:38:20.250 --> 00:38:24.425
sensitised, no civil or Iver selective
evolutionary durational and

00:38:24.458 --> 00:38:30.727
unconscious and instinctual. I'll
explain this again in terms of this one

00:38:30.760 --> 00:38:33.816
spot in the universe in the cultural
way, the human universe, the

00:38:33.849 --> 00:38:37.787
homogenesis, the universe of
conscience, good and evil, its cultural,

00:38:37.820 --> 00:38:43.376
social Cooper compassionate, willfully
reversible, evolutionary, direct

00:38:43.409 --> 00:38:48.945
conscious, mental and so on aesthetic,
then some kind of an extrapolation

00:38:48.978 --> 00:38:52.925
, sacramental way. The divine universe
with Geo Genesis. It is seminal

00:38:52.958 --> 00:38:58.095
aesthetic, resurrection or catalysing
loving, universal gener, the

00:38:58.128 --> 00:39:03.115
universe of transcendence. It will
appear very quickly that in this

00:39:03.148 --> 00:39:07.506
diagram, at least from my point of
view, Grace is not of the origin but

00:39:07.539 --> 00:39:12.046
could be potentially at the end. It's
a possibility we can anticipate the

00:39:12.079 --> 00:39:16.776
possibility of grace at the end. By
grace, I mean total knowledge, total

00:39:16.809 --> 00:39:20.356
wisdom, total beauty and so on.

00:39:20.389 --> 00:39:25.517
So you move from the simple relatively
speaking to the complex, utterly

00:39:25.550 --> 00:39:29.206
complex. You move from the
nonconscious or what we call the non living

00:39:29.239 --> 00:39:33.586
into the conscious and living and so
on. And besides those

00:39:33.619 --> 00:39:36.646
characterization or repeating and
emphasising those characterization, you

00:39:36.679 --> 00:39:40.327
could say that this is development and
an escalation of Cooper compassion

00:39:40.360 --> 00:39:46.356
, liveliness, intensity,
interdependence association,

00:39:46.389 --> 00:39:49.175
uh,

00:39:49.208 --> 00:39:54.376
sensitivity responses, reliance,
learning, memory, hierarchy, knowledge,

00:39:54.409 --> 00:40:00.146
passion, anticipation, care,
transcendence, reverence and so on. And this

00:40:00.179 --> 00:40:05.497
seems to be pointing at the fact that
evolution, when it's successful, is

00:40:05.530 --> 00:40:10.727
a process of moving into more complex
system where you have more

00:40:10.760 --> 00:40:18.760
interaction, more Cooper. More
understanding, more knowledge and so on

00:40:19.059 --> 00:40:24.135
to small illustrate the case of this
complexity ever growing and

00:40:24.168 --> 00:40:28.615
miniaturisation related to complexity.
I take a seed, I plant it, and I

00:40:28.648 --> 00:40:32.736
suggest that the process of the seed
becoming a tree is not so much the

00:40:32.769 --> 00:40:35.227
explosion of the seed into something
bigger but the implosion of

00:40:35.260 --> 00:40:40.077
environmental elements into something
very small, intensely organised,

00:40:40.110 --> 00:40:44.876
synergistically active, able to
reproduce itself and so on. So from the

00:40:44.909 --> 00:40:49.477
soil you get minerals, including
water, distances are measuring

00:40:49.510 --> 00:40:53.586
centimetres or kilometres. In the
area. You have another story. You really

00:40:53.619 --> 00:40:58.477
have a cosmic coordinator in terms of
of, uh, light energy coming in

00:40:58.510 --> 00:41:02.276
hundreds of thousands of miles and so
on. And those elements which are

00:41:02.309 --> 00:41:06.276
scattered like it's called them
photons and miners and so on. They come,

00:41:06.309 --> 00:41:10.577
they are captured. They are. They are
elaborated. They are made into the

00:41:10.610 --> 00:41:15.807
organism. So the the photosynthetic
process connected with the chemical

00:41:15.840 --> 00:41:22.287
processes biochemical processes of the
seed becoming a tree. Uh, this this

00:41:22.320 --> 00:41:27.046
phenomenon of complexity and
miniaturisation the tree is one example it

00:41:27.079 --> 00:41:31.486
can be any kind of animal organism can
be an association of animals. It

00:41:31.519 --> 00:41:37.356
can be an association of people or
peoples. But the indication of 3000

00:41:37.389 --> 00:41:41.925
millions of years is that this is the
way by which matter become

00:41:41.958 --> 00:41:45.385
sensitised and eventually could become
spirit. So you have a mass energy

00:41:45.418 --> 00:41:51.086
universe in which you have the
parameter of time space as devices by which

00:41:51.119 --> 00:41:55.006
this mass energy universe tends to
become, possibly at a certain point,

00:41:55.039 --> 00:42:02.865
the seed of itself. So in a way, the
genesis of of this process is to

00:42:02.898 --> 00:42:10.898
produce the ultimate genes, which is
the idea of divinity, grace and so on.

00:42:13.929 --> 00:42:15.929
Now, in on the earth, we call this person the ecological dynamics. So if

00:42:20.570 --> 00:42:26.026
you if you think that there might be
an end or an eschatological meaning

00:42:26.059 --> 00:42:29.267
to it. You could say that the
ecological process is a Theo ecological

00:42:29.300 --> 00:42:34.425
process is an attempt, at a certain
point, developed by the universe to

00:42:34.458 --> 00:42:39.506
find the meaning of itself and by
doing that to transfigure itself into

00:42:39.539 --> 00:42:46.635
robs knowledge and so on.

00:42:46.668 --> 00:42:52.787
Now what I've been presenting defines
a certain model, which is almost the

00:42:52.820 --> 00:42:57.227
opposite of of the traditional model.
The traditional model says that

00:42:57.260 --> 00:43:01.307
reality exists somehow completed. What
they are doing is to try to

00:43:01.340 --> 00:43:05.115
understand what it is through the
process of learning and through the

00:43:05.148 --> 00:43:09.296
evolutionary process. But God, is
there perfect. You can call it God,

00:43:09.329 --> 00:43:14.456
nirvana, truth, logos or whatever. But
it exists and it might be an

00:43:14.489 --> 00:43:19.227
observed. It might be observing or
might be guiding. But it is there. So

00:43:19.260 --> 00:43:24.385
this is the revelation of universe.
Whatever we do, it's in a way, an

00:43:24.418 --> 00:43:29.186
uncovering of an existing truth. The
model I'm suggesting is very

00:43:29.219 --> 00:43:33.376
different. You are not in calling it
through. We are creating it, and most

00:43:33.409 --> 00:43:38.086
of the of this doesn't exist yet
because the future is in a way much more

00:43:38.119 --> 00:43:42.175
dense of potential than the past has
been so you have an empty socket,

00:43:42.208 --> 00:43:49.967
which is the future, and this empty
socket is begging for to be created in

00:43:50.000 --> 00:43:54.736
attempting to create this future. We
we anticipate and we produce

00:43:54.769 --> 00:43:59.376
religious structures. So divinity is a
blueprint that we have invented.

00:43:59.409 --> 00:44:03.456
Now we have to realise it by the
process of evolution. So this is the

00:44:03.489 --> 00:44:09.077
evolutionary model or the creational
model, and the two have implications

00:44:09.110 --> 00:44:16.416
in terms of ethics and social and and
culture, which are quite quite

00:44:16.449 --> 00:44:20.385
different in emphasis. At least

00:44:20.418 --> 00:44:26.896
I'll, uh, I would say with those but a
repetition of the first diagram in

00:44:26.929 --> 00:44:32.517
in different form. If you accept the
notion of the Big Bang, you could

00:44:32.550 --> 00:44:37.967
imagine that at that point the
universe begins to act. It goes from being

00:44:38.000 --> 00:44:43.316
into becoming within this becoming.
You have the origin of nodules of

00:44:43.349 --> 00:44:47.816
conscience, consciousness like on the
Earth. Those are beginning to

00:44:47.849 --> 00:44:52.376
transform this phenomenon into
something else. So it's the media, the

00:44:52.409 --> 00:44:55.905
regional media, without any message
that eventually could become a message

00:44:55.938 --> 00:44:59.916
which has consumed the media or its
reality, going out as a matter of and

00:44:59.949 --> 00:45:06.356
coming in as spirit.

00:45:06.389 --> 00:45:12.405
Using the complexity miliar
coordinates and having a time coordinate on

00:45:12.438 --> 00:45:19.276
the 45 degrees. As a diagram, you
could suggest that there are two

00:45:19.309 --> 00:45:24.186
extremes, which are one is represented
somehow somehow by by the Western

00:45:24.219 --> 00:45:31.256
Mo os and even by the Eastern S. This
is a very gross simplification, but

00:45:31.289 --> 00:45:36.307
just as to try to make the point in
the West, we tend to be very clever,

00:45:36.340 --> 00:45:41.146
in fact, extremely clever in defining
system by which militarization is,

00:45:41.179 --> 00:45:46.836
quite evidently, the goal. Take the
the technology of the computer. We are

00:45:46.869 --> 00:45:50.836
tremendously successful in moving
toward the militarization. What we are

00:45:50.869 --> 00:45:54.787
lacking sometimes is to the motivation
for that what the motivation is. It

00:45:54.820 --> 00:45:59.175
tends to be matter oriented,
materialistic. The consumerist society is a

00:45:59.208 --> 00:46:04.095
very good example. So we have got a
matter forgetting that, perhaps that

00:46:04.128 --> 00:46:08.327
this is a function of something
greater than than matter itself, which is

00:46:08.360 --> 00:46:13.115
spirit on the East. You might have the
opposite condition where there are

00:46:13.148 --> 00:46:19.336
construction, which are very complex
in terms of spiritual models,

00:46:19.369 --> 00:46:24.925
religious notion, traditions and myth,
and so on. But there is a tendency.

00:46:24.958 --> 00:46:28.115
Perhaps there was a tendency to ignore
the physical from the

00:46:28.148 --> 00:46:32.026
physiological to the to the
environmental. So you have a You have a

00:46:32.059 --> 00:46:36.236
continuous critical situation in terms
of health, for instance, and so on.

00:46:36.269 --> 00:46:39.787
So in this case, you have an authority
of spirit which is transposed to

00:46:39.820 --> 00:46:44.006
the authority of matter. Uh, my
suggestion is that we should be able to

00:46:44.039 --> 00:46:50.925
find a more balanced situation so that
we can move into this evolutionary

00:46:50.958 --> 00:46:56.236
trust with better with better success,

00:46:56.269 --> 00:47:03.416
which is what this tends to represent.

00:47:03.449 --> 00:47:09.217
Could you balance? No, wait, wait,
wait a second. Maybe I. I can still

00:47:09.250 --> 00:47:13.577
Yeah. Could you make this a little
bigger on this point? Now I'm coming

00:47:13.610 --> 00:47:19.467
down from the very general model,
which entails a certain theological

00:47:19.500 --> 00:47:25.787
reference to the conditions of
society, especially the Western society,

00:47:25.820 --> 00:47:29.586
and relating those to this possibility
of transforming the habitat so it

00:47:29.619 --> 00:47:33.506
might be more responsive to the
critical condition that we are in. I'm

00:47:33.539 --> 00:47:37.626
saying that this idea of complexity,
militarization if applied and I call

00:47:37.659 --> 00:47:41.635
that archaeological commitment you
would have an alleviation of ecological

00:47:41.668 --> 00:47:45.865
crisis, every dimension of our use of
land, air and water. A reduction in

00:47:45.898 --> 00:47:49.396
the pollution caused by technological
societies, the perception of the

00:47:49.429 --> 00:47:53.945
nature of waste, affluence and oul a
reasonable sheltering of man which is

00:47:53.978 --> 00:47:58.405
moving now beyond the four billions
and might go up to 10 or more billions

00:47:58.438 --> 00:48:01.776
of individuals. The resolution of the
problem of energy depletion,

00:48:01.809 --> 00:48:04.776
distribution and consumption, the
resolution of the problem of segregation

00:48:04.809 --> 00:48:08.977
, of people, things and activities.
Responding to the increasing

00:48:09.010 --> 00:48:13.767
encroachment of remoteness by way of
the gigantic system that we are

00:48:13.800 --> 00:48:18.997
developing, like Phoenix and and the
services which have to be connected

00:48:19.030 --> 00:48:23.456
with them, the bureau cutting machines
and so on.

00:48:23.489 --> 00:48:29.896
The next step is to move into the
facts that I I pulled out from from the

00:48:29.929 --> 00:48:37.236
menu that they can work with to define
a physical model.

00:48:37.269 --> 00:48:43.046
So you have, uh, the horticultural
effect within our greenhouse condition.

00:48:43.079 --> 00:48:46.146
 Two effects there.

00:48:46.179 --> 00:48:49.977
The ABS effect, which I explained
briefly at the beginning the ability of

00:48:50.010 --> 00:48:54.307
some structure to shade themselves
during the week during the summer where

00:48:54.340 --> 00:48:57.856
the sun is high and to get quite a bit
of sunshine and accumulate its

00:48:57.889 --> 00:49:02.037
energy. In the winter, the chimney fab
connected with this type of moving

00:49:02.070 --> 00:49:06.967
air at a certain way and then, in
addition, the ability of structure of

00:49:07.000 --> 00:49:12.175
bulk of mass to accumulate energy to
store energy and then giving it out.

00:49:12.208 --> 00:49:15.037
For instance, when the temperature
surrounding it it's slower than the

00:49:15.070 --> 00:49:19.896
temperature that has built up into the
building. So that's the heat sink

00:49:19.929 --> 00:49:25.896
effect, which makes for the five
effects and those five effects

00:49:25.929 --> 00:49:31.896
you see for that, uh, we are trying to
make them work around the urban

00:49:31.929 --> 00:49:35.546
effect and coming back quickly to the
urban effect. It is that kind of

00:49:35.579 --> 00:49:39.756
phenomenon, which seems to be
originating at the very beginning of life,

00:49:39.789 --> 00:49:44.126
where the particles are becoming
conscious of each other, they begin to

00:49:44.159 --> 00:49:47.986
work out. They they transform
themselves, and they they develop this

00:49:48.019 --> 00:49:53.905
synergistic process by which life it
becomes possible. So embryonic or no

00:49:53.938 --> 00:49:57.856
or no within the weather region, let's
say a virus. You have already

00:49:57.889 --> 00:50:01.816
synergy intensity, consciousness of
some sort of transcendence, brugal,

00:50:01.849 --> 00:50:05.195
sensitivity, beauty, knowledge,
interdependence, coordinations, compassion

00:50:05.228 --> 00:50:10.836
and so on. They they begin there. They
they accelerate that their

00:50:10.869 --> 00:50:16.865
formation, and eventually they become
very evident in in the nature of man

00:50:16.898 --> 00:50:22.057
and actually in what man is doing as a
social animal animal. So you could

00:50:22.090 --> 00:50:25.445
suggest again that the urban effect
it's very central to the emotional

00:50:25.478 --> 00:50:31.385
process and in a way it could be seen
as, uh, that kind of impulse, which

00:50:31.418 --> 00:50:35.717
will make eventually for the
development of the ultimate logos, divinity

00:50:35.750 --> 00:50:41.827
or whatever. Um, now very modestly. We
are trying to get those five

00:50:41.860 --> 00:50:47.736
effects working around the urban
effect in one system. By doing that, we

00:50:47.769 --> 00:50:52.486
would be saving our resources, land,
water, time, energy. We would save in

00:50:52.519 --> 00:50:57.336
minerals, and we would have an
ecological ecological sanity. We would cut

00:50:57.369 --> 00:51:01.486
on pollution, segregation, waste
business, bureaucracies in isolation,

00:51:01.519 --> 00:51:05.217
alienation and so on. We would point
at better possibility in learning and

00:51:05.250 --> 00:51:10.336
integrity in reaching health in
identification and Cooper and so on. The

00:51:10.369 --> 00:51:18.369
next step is to move into a natural
spatial diagram. So I take the the

00:51:22.300 --> 00:51:26.615
greenhouse as a as a guiding element.
I begin with the greenhouse as a

00:51:26.648 --> 00:51:33.956
flat surface, sheltered by a skin
transparent skin. You need equipment and

00:51:33.989 --> 00:51:37.146
energy to ventilate the greenhouse,
especially in the summer months,

00:51:37.179 --> 00:51:41.675
depending naturally where you are in
the in the climate. But if you start

00:51:41.708 --> 00:51:45.077
the greenhouse, you can get most of
the ventilation, if not all of it to

00:51:45.110 --> 00:51:49.405
the chimney effect, and that way you
can invent that energy accumulated

00:51:49.438 --> 00:51:54.986
energy outside or inside something.
You can put a greenhouse as an

00:51:55.019 --> 00:51:59.066
envelope around the house. You can
build a dome of some sort and build

00:51:59.099 --> 00:52:03.115
levels of activities. Within the dome,
You can make a greenhouse into a

00:52:03.148 --> 00:52:08.115
wafer where only the energy collected
is used so that you have a sun

00:52:08.148 --> 00:52:11.106
collector, which can be incorporated
one way or the other into the

00:52:11.139 --> 00:52:15.666
structure of the house. You can
maintain the two assets or the two

00:52:15.699 --> 00:52:18.916
characteristics of the greenhouse food
production and some and energy

00:52:18.949 --> 00:52:22.345
collection in terms of warm air. For
instance, if you stop the greenhouse

00:52:22.378 --> 00:52:26.186
, you have this possibility of using
again the chimney effect or the

00:52:26.219 --> 00:52:30.115
raising of the air into the house. For
instance, winter conditions. You

00:52:30.148 --> 00:52:34.217
can transform the house into a
collection of houses or other institutions

00:52:34.250 --> 00:52:38.436
so that you begin to see the
connection between that kind of mould and and

00:52:38.469 --> 00:52:43.077
the village or the town or the
metropolitan system. You take the town as

00:52:43.110 --> 00:52:48.026
such, and you transform it in terms of
of sensitization with the sun to

00:52:48.059 --> 00:52:52.416
the sun, which is the ABS effect, at
least one way of doing it. In

00:52:52.449 --> 00:52:55.095
addition, there you have a better
capability of the structure to

00:52:55.128 --> 00:53:00.095
accumulate energy again, especially if
you if you start to work with that

00:53:00.128 --> 00:53:04.526
notion. So here you have the fire
effects connected, working around the

00:53:04.559 --> 00:53:11.606
urban effect. So that's the typical
section of psychology an example,

00:53:11.639 --> 00:53:14.655
which is the most elementary one which
we have been working on. It's a

00:53:14.688 --> 00:53:20.845
possible public centre on a centre on
a public park where we have a

00:53:20.878 --> 00:53:26.256
natural slope. This is near India. In
California, natural smoke. You cut a

00:53:26.289 --> 00:53:30.577
ditch, you build shelves, you put a
membrane as a greenhouse. So you have

00:53:30.610 --> 00:53:35.526
the greenhouse chimney effect,
horticultural effect. Then we begin to have

00:53:35.559 --> 00:53:40.247
some sort of a heat sink and urban
effect there because we have a number

00:53:40.280 --> 00:53:44.186
of things like

00:53:44.219 --> 00:53:50.356
lectures, uh, projections, little
collections, and so on, like a museum.

00:53:50.389 --> 00:53:56.666
So this is a very simple application
of those five effects plus one. You

00:53:56.699 --> 00:54:00.756
can move from that very sea to the
very, very highly complex that could be

00:54:00.789 --> 00:54:04.296
a town of many thousands of people or
many hundreds of thousands of people

00:54:04.329 --> 00:54:08.526
going back to the ABS factory state
again. The notion This is a shot in

00:54:08.559 --> 00:54:12.217
the in the summer is shot in the
winter. The difference is this. This is

00:54:12.250 --> 00:54:17.865
midday. This is before the sun comes
on the south side. But anyhow, it's

00:54:17.898 --> 00:54:23.195
it's, uh, it's still clear that in
this case, the sun pours in very, very

00:54:23.228 --> 00:54:26.436
deep for many hours a day. So you have
You have sunshine and you have

00:54:26.469 --> 00:54:30.747
sheltering from the cold radiations.
In this case, you have shade

00:54:30.780 --> 00:54:34.865
sheltering from the hot radiations.

00:54:34.898 --> 00:54:41.115
So that's the ABS effect again,
illustrated here by a winter shot and a

00:54:41.148 --> 00:54:47.287
summer shot.

00:54:47.320 --> 00:54:51.365
Uh, about three years ago, we were
able to get some help from the Xerox

00:54:51.398 --> 00:54:54.477
Corporation, and the Bicentennial
Commission came in. So we have. We

00:54:54.510 --> 00:54:57.736
developed a number of models, and they
were all based with this to this

00:54:57.769 --> 00:55:01.416
notion, the two sons of colleges. The
sketches here represents the

00:55:01.449 --> 00:55:07.146
introduction of owns, which could
become a very great asset to to a large

00:55:07.179 --> 00:55:10.997
the shade volume within this system,
which, especially in a climate like

00:55:11.030 --> 00:55:17.695
Phoenix or Arizona, it's one of the
key elements for, uh, for the climate

00:55:17.728 --> 00:55:23.586
of A of A system. So eventually we
made a model. We exposed the model to a

00:55:23.619 --> 00:55:29.066
sound machine to see our factory, the
apps effect of working. And

00:55:29.099 --> 00:55:33.066
basically this is the model that
you're going to see repeated a number of

00:55:33.099 --> 00:55:38.675
times. The some collect in terms of a
greenhouse, which produces food for

00:55:38.708 --> 00:55:43.155
local consumption or export, or both.
And the greenhouse feeds directly

00:55:43.188 --> 00:55:50.477
passively into the main mall that it
could be a marketplace, a buzzard or

00:55:50.510 --> 00:55:53.925
something else, depending a little on
the character of the society. But it

00:55:53.958 --> 00:55:57.405
would be a public place connecting the
two main residential and working

00:55:57.438 --> 00:56:01.727
areas, especially in this case instead
of an app is that it through from

00:56:01.760 --> 00:56:06.756
cones, you can add shade here in the
summer, but even if you don't put

00:56:06.789 --> 00:56:11.017
shade in, the building itself is able
to shade itself quite successfully.

00:56:11.050 --> 00:56:17.506
You can see that in June and December,
the two the Thursday You see

00:56:17.539 --> 00:56:25.539
sunshine in December Shade. In June,

00:56:25.849 --> 00:56:31.445
we were able to put some effort in
finding out how much energy was falling

00:56:31.478 --> 00:56:34.456
on the structure, how much could be
captured and stored, how much could be

00:56:34.489 --> 00:56:38.936
used and so on. And then we developed
models, depending on technologies on

00:56:38.969 --> 00:56:44.717
a number of people's topography,
geology and climate. This was for the

00:56:44.750 --> 00:56:49.885
Sape Bay, where there was a natural a
natural slope on the southeast side.

00:56:49.918 --> 00:56:53.626
So those are the greenhouses developed
on those two slopes and feeding

00:56:53.659 --> 00:56:57.095
into the building?

00:56:57.128 --> 00:57:03.497
Uh, you keep in mind that, uh, those
are mainly, uh, more That could be

00:57:03.530 --> 00:57:07.956
very useful in, uh, in, uh, places
where there are lots of sunshine and,

00:57:07.989 --> 00:57:14.497
uh, and also possibly a rigid climate.
Very high change in temperature,

00:57:14.530 --> 00:57:18.845
winter and summer, and also night and
day. In addition, you have in this

00:57:18.878 --> 00:57:22.026
condition or usually you have a
limitation, a limited amount of water

00:57:22.059 --> 00:57:24.646
available. So the greenhouse becomes
very important because it saves an

00:57:24.679 --> 00:57:31.776
enormous amount of water for food
production,

00:57:31.809 --> 00:57:35.217
a condition which we compare to some
of the climate. In Nevada, where we

00:57:35.250 --> 00:57:40.046
have a slope south slope, we terrace
the slope. We put the membrane the

00:57:40.079 --> 00:57:46.816
membrane into again into the room. The
main public space within the town

00:57:46.849 --> 00:57:51.385
again. A very small town. The
transformation of the crown into two

00:57:51.418 --> 00:57:57.416
straight blades with some kind of the
same general results the use of the

00:57:57.449 --> 00:58:02.546
same idea for a place in Regina in the
centre of the town. They had a

00:58:02.579 --> 00:58:07.396
graveyard that was moved outside of
the town. So there was a competition.

00:58:07.429 --> 00:58:11.865
We suggested the placement on
Archology, where we have again the same kind

00:58:11.898 --> 00:58:17.175
of section typical section and above
the garages or the warehousing. We

00:58:17.208 --> 00:58:21.776
developed the greenhouses. It's a very
windy region temperature which can

00:58:21.809 --> 00:58:28.836
be very rigid, down to 50 or 60 below
grey below zero in the winter, but a

00:58:28.869 --> 00:58:33.006
great amount of sunshine. So, in a
way, an ideal spot where we could

00:58:33.039 --> 00:58:38.615
develop. We could have developed an
intermediate stage, almost an outdoor

00:58:38.648 --> 00:58:46.648
place, but sheltered from those
extremes wind and temperature,

00:58:48.909 --> 00:58:53.497
Another example of extremes where the
suggestion was that the greenhouses

00:58:53.530 --> 00:58:57.486
and then the greenhouses become a
garden for the for the town. In this

00:58:57.519 --> 00:59:00.615
case, you have to introduce energy
because the assumption was that the

00:59:00.648 --> 00:59:05.046
climate would be very rigid,
especially in winter. So that you that you

00:59:05.079 --> 00:59:10.276
need some kind of resource, like oil,
coal, timber, industries so you can

00:59:10.309 --> 00:59:14.436
use the leftovers and so on. But in
this case, the psychological asset

00:59:14.469 --> 00:59:20.296
would be the main asset. You develop a
green outdoor. Well, maybe you have

00:59:20.329 --> 00:59:28.066
, uh, many field of snow around it,
and so on.

00:59:28.099 --> 00:59:33.195
The idea of a dam, which somehow has a
shape which is very amiable to this

00:59:33.228 --> 00:59:41.228
kind of use. If it's oriented to the
South

00:59:46.829 --> 00:59:52.787
and we have many, many ideas to
develop, we develop only a few of them.

00:59:52.820 --> 00:59:56.037
 Those were the sketches for the dam,

00:59:56.070 --> 01:00:01.436
and one was a village which ended up
by being called the Indian Village.

01:00:01.469 --> 01:00:06.655
Because a young architect from India
was developed involved in the model

01:00:06.688 --> 01:00:10.396
and the same kind of thing, the slope
would be partially covered by the

01:00:10.429 --> 01:00:13.626
greenhouse that they see only half of
that there. And then the village

01:00:13.659 --> 01:00:17.227
will develop with very elementary
technology into this kind of thing,

01:00:17.260 --> 01:00:21.206
where you have the buzzer and the
living quarters and then some other

01:00:21.239 --> 01:00:26.876
institution for the city with the same
kind of diagram

01:00:26.909 --> 01:00:34.796
the feeding of the energy and winter
throughout the village.

01:00:34.829 --> 01:00:40.747
Uh, I'm almost. This is an idea that
developed in the fifties, and in the

01:00:40.780 --> 01:00:44.756
sixties we made a little model. It was
part of the MIT book. It's a It's a

01:00:44.789 --> 01:00:50.845
space, uh, city. It's a cylinder
rotating on this axis. It's lined by

01:00:50.878 --> 01:00:56.526
vegetation. So you stand inside of
this green belt this green barrel, and

01:00:56.559 --> 01:01:00.066
by studying by rapping at that. If you
get really into it, you will find

01:01:00.099 --> 01:01:04.967
out that you have all the elements
which are part of the city mode. But

01:01:05.000 --> 01:01:08.967
they are exasperated. The most
exasperated is miniaturisation, evidently

01:01:09.000 --> 01:01:12.526
because we have to be very careful in
what you do with space. But there is

01:01:12.559 --> 01:01:19.195
Cooper in interdependence, synergy,
learning memory. All sorts of things

01:01:19.228 --> 01:01:24.385
are very much basic in this kind of
process, because by definition this is

01:01:24.418 --> 01:01:28.267
a frugal system, which is one reason
why we will eventually move into

01:01:28.300 --> 01:01:34.095
space. This was picked up, wasn't
picked up, but General O'Neil came to me

01:01:34.128 --> 01:01:40.195
and asked me a suggestion about his,
uh, space colonies. So I was asked to

01:01:40.228 --> 01:01:46.896
respond to his ideas. So I made a I
made a model and I made a lot of paper.

01:01:46.929 --> 01:01:53.247
The paper was suggesting that the
space is going to be colonised for two

01:01:53.280 --> 01:01:58.166
fundamental reasons which are somehow
coinciding. One is frugality, the is

01:01:58.199 --> 01:02:02.756
theology. We are going there because
that's where the resources are going

01:02:02.789 --> 01:02:07.057
to be eventually the the unlimited
resources and we are going there

01:02:07.090 --> 01:02:13.646
because we are going to make the
universe into into our thinking um,

01:02:13.679 --> 01:02:20.276
conscious phenomenon. It's going to
take a few billions of years, but so

01:02:20.309 --> 01:02:24.006
this model was transformed into
something more complex. This is a barrel

01:02:24.039 --> 01:02:29.296
about 1010 kilometres in length. You
have different kinds of gravities,

01:02:29.329 --> 01:02:32.986
the more you move away from the centre
and you have about seven or eight

01:02:33.019 --> 01:02:39.106
landscapes, one barrel inside the
other one. The first is a is a

01:02:39.139 --> 01:02:44.206
technological bar where you have all
sorts of things, including

01:02:44.239 --> 01:02:50.166
warehousing and on the skin, also as a
shell shield inside on that surface

01:02:50.199 --> 01:02:55.456
and in the surface, we have a water
condition for the storage of water for

01:02:55.489 --> 01:03:00.977
aquaculture, possibly and also for as
a reflector of energy and light to a

01:03:01.010 --> 01:03:05.046
hanging garden, which is, they would
say, the vegetable gardens on that

01:03:05.079 --> 01:03:09.986
barrel again. And on top of this skin
of this battle, we have a landscape

01:03:10.019 --> 01:03:13.095
which is very much connected with the
urban condition, which is again a

01:03:13.128 --> 01:03:18.376
hanging condition, many layers thick,
which has also another landscape on

01:03:18.409 --> 01:03:22.845
on top of it, which means inside of it
and then the you have a condition

01:03:22.878 --> 01:03:25.126
of quasi

01:03:25.159 --> 01:03:29.635
weightlessness where you could develop
technologies and uh, including the

01:03:29.668 --> 01:03:36.526
the health technology and so on.

01:03:36.559 --> 01:03:43.986
And lastly, before the a anti the idea
of an archology that could be a

01:03:44.019 --> 01:03:49.006
floating city. So we have the typical
section, the greenhouses and the

01:03:49.039 --> 01:03:54.077
town, Let's say, but in this case the
system can be rotated very easily

01:03:54.110 --> 01:03:58.217
because it's a It's a buoyant system,
so you could always follow the sun

01:03:58.250 --> 01:04:01.807
in such a way as to have an optimal
condition both winter and summer. I

01:04:01.840 --> 01:04:06.787
suggested the introduction of the
iceberg as a resource for fresh water if

01:04:06.820 --> 01:04:11.227
fresh water is limited and the asberg
could also be a refrigeration

01:04:11.260 --> 01:04:15.977
resource in the hot summer months, and
then you could make it into a very

01:04:16.010 --> 01:04:24.010
crazy kind of landscape. Three
dimensional playground, I mean.

01:04:24.969 --> 01:04:28.845
And this is the intermediate model of
our CAS Antiva, used in a typical

01:04:28.878 --> 01:04:33.365
section and developing existing
buildings so that this this area becomes a

01:04:33.398 --> 01:04:37.767
sheltered and basically shaded space
in the summer, when the winter

01:04:37.800 --> 01:04:41.445
becomes a collector of energy for
those buildings. So those are the

01:04:41.478 --> 01:04:45.606
existing buildings we are developing
now, a crescent for 14 minutes of

01:04:45.639 --> 01:04:51.635
living. This is what I I called them.
The cloister, which is a conference

01:04:51.668 --> 01:04:58.840
centre and we have another crescent
here for a guest, mainly as a project.

01:05:00.010 --> 01:05:02.010
And then from this we move into this mo model with another kind of

01:05:04.478 --> 01:05:08.977
structural approach. So we are here
now, far from the indefinite, but

01:05:09.010 --> 01:05:12.456
that's where we are. The greenhouse is
on the slope that we have seen at

01:05:12.489 --> 01:05:15.526
the beginning. The connection with the
green with the main building. The

01:05:15.559 --> 01:05:19.747
main building is 25 story. Each level
doesn't have just habitation have

01:05:19.780 --> 01:05:26.376
habitations, plus activities of
different kinds, small industries, private

01:05:26.409 --> 01:05:34.175
initiatives and so on. And the main
level, the ground level is the main

01:05:34.208 --> 01:05:42.208
social and public activity goes on.

01:05:42.409 --> 01:05:47.467
The building itself has its own
greenhouse conditions because of light and

01:05:47.500 --> 01:05:52.267
sun coming in in winter, and it
becomes a shade in the summer. The

01:05:52.300 --> 01:05:56.967
building could have extensive owns
connecting the two points, Let's say so

01:05:57.000 --> 01:06:01.135
that you can add shading there.

01:06:01.168 --> 01:06:06.517
Uh, not very successful attempt of the
buildings to come down. But, um,

01:06:06.550 --> 01:06:12.416
there are two two main climate
conditions. One is the winter. One is the

01:06:12.449 --> 01:06:16.436
summer in the winter, you have the
intake of cold air or relatively cold

01:06:16.469 --> 01:06:21.166
air to the to the at the base of the
greenhouse. The greenhouses are

01:06:21.199 --> 01:06:26.526
causing this air to warm up and to
rise the rising it it becomes a chimney

01:06:26.559 --> 01:06:30.186
like rising to the building.
Especially if you if you boost that with DS

01:06:30.219 --> 01:06:34.497
or whatever or everything passive at
least theoretically in the summer,

01:06:34.530 --> 01:06:37.925
you can reverse the process because of
the dryness of the of the climate.

01:06:37.958 --> 01:06:43.405
You you have openings on the on top of
the greenhouse. You, um you fire

01:06:43.438 --> 01:06:48.477
the air to rapidly cooling of some
sort pulverise water or padding or

01:06:48.510 --> 01:06:53.026
whatever. The air becomes heavy and
cool, and it falls throughout the

01:06:53.059 --> 01:06:56.686
building. You can lose that with
different openings at different levels.

01:06:56.719 --> 01:07:01.066
So theoretically, you have two passive
system of warm of heating in the

01:07:01.099 --> 01:07:05.626
winter and cool in the summer. We are
working with them Environmental

01:07:05.659 --> 01:07:11.425
Research Centre in Tucson, which is
furnishing us the elements for the

01:07:11.458 --> 01:07:15.736
development of these of the formulas.
And they seem to be quite happy with

01:07:15.769 --> 01:07:22.006
what they are finding out. So, as I
say fundamentally two passive ways by

01:07:22.039 --> 01:07:26.445
which we climatize in addition, we
would have developed we will develop,

01:07:26.478 --> 01:07:33.195
uh, hot water systems, some collectors
for domestic purposes, and in

01:07:33.228 --> 01:07:37.497
addition, we have the production of
food. If you add to that the smallest

01:07:37.530 --> 01:07:44.037
of the building, the capacity of using
it without the use of the mobile.

01:07:44.070 --> 01:07:48.626
The integrity of this potential of the
community because it's working

01:07:48.659 --> 01:07:51.517
within one system doesn't have doesn't
have the barriers that we are

01:07:51.550 --> 01:07:56.936
building around ourselves now and so
on. You get an idea of the six

01:07:56.969 --> 01:08:03.077
effects working together

01:08:03.110 --> 01:08:07.686
well, this is the model of the
question, which is this combination of 14

01:08:07.719 --> 01:08:12.106
units around the theatre.

01:08:12.139 --> 01:08:16.107
The theatre is an open theatre, but
part of it could be imposed that we

01:08:16.140 --> 01:08:20.027
could put a tent. We have a frame for
a tent there, and the the would be

01:08:20.060 --> 01:08:24.897
where you have a daily cycle of
Children, playgrounds and meeting during

01:08:24.930 --> 01:08:30.027
the evening or whatever movies,
concerts and whatever you might have

01:08:30.060 --> 01:08:35.835
according to assistant schedule,
including, um, a marketplace.

01:08:35.868 --> 01:08:40.436
So this would be serving not only the
the 14 units, but also the people

01:08:40.469 --> 01:08:45.526
that are beginning to settle at Dante.
There's an existing buildings, the

01:08:45.559 --> 01:08:51.996
two vaults, one of the residences.

01:08:52.029 --> 01:08:56.236
I think you don't have to worry too
much if you can get it out.

01:08:56.269 --> 01:09:00.115
This is somehow uh,

01:09:00.148 --> 01:09:05.696
almost an arrogant parallel between
what I call the the Los Angeles

01:09:05.729 --> 01:09:10.816
Syndrome and the oncology syndrome.
This is actual, I think, and we

01:09:10.849 --> 01:09:14.915
probably we could agree on most of
those things. This is theoretical

01:09:14.948 --> 01:09:20.066
because it hasn't been tested today,
but has been tested quite quite a bit

01:09:20.099 --> 01:09:24.436
throughout history. Because I was
saying I really trying to do the routine.

01:09:24.469 --> 01:09:28.804
Not the exception. The bigness against
smallness, expectation, fitness,

01:09:28.837 --> 01:09:31.924
segregation, integration matter, mind
power, authority, destruction,

01:09:31.957 --> 01:09:35.905
conservation, pollution and pollution.
Enthropy and enthropy this

01:09:35.938 --> 01:09:40.325
intensity even short of fragmented the
structure Exclusive Inter

01:09:40.358 --> 01:09:44.896
complicated, complex bureaucratic
performing through the greedy culture in

01:09:44.929 --> 01:09:47.555
Congress and Congress.

01:09:47.588 --> 01:09:50.776
Um,

01:09:50.809 --> 01:09:56.408
I I'm ready to to get some questions.