WEBVTT 00:00:00.230 --> 00:00:02.596 Yeah. 00:00:02.629 --> 00:00:10.226 Well, I don't know. Maybe a fake. Oh, hey. About that thick and real juicy. 00:00:10.259 --> 00:00:15.826 Not too done. Oh, Okay. It's so near dinner time too. And here we sit 00:00:15.859 --> 00:00:20.796 talking about things that are 10,000 miles away. Well, let's talk to the 00:00:20.829 --> 00:00:24.866 folks a minute. Tell them what you'd like to tell him. Well, just call out 00:00:24.899 --> 00:00:30.806 to death and sister and brothers and I hope they're fine. I'm making okay. 00:00:30.839 --> 00:00:36.097 Have you always had that little mustache? Well, you know, it's pretty 00:00:36.130 --> 00:00:41.967 cute. Looks like Rudolph valentino. Well, thanks a whole lot. You slip 00:00:42.000 --> 00:00:47.376 away now. We'll try one of the other boys. Uh, that was uh faustino, 00:00:47.409 --> 00:00:52.896 estrada, Williams, Arizona mrs ehh estrada's son. Now, Billy J Hill of 00:00:52.929 --> 00:01:00.307 Miami. Billy J Hill of Miami. Um, Billy. How you been doing? Well, that's 00:01:00.340 --> 00:01:03.787 good. It can be expected in a place like this. You don't look tall enough 00:01:03.820 --> 00:01:08.807 to be in the army. Well, I wish I wasn't, don't they put some kind of 00:01:08.840 --> 00:01:13.417 restriction on your height before they let you in? Yes. five ft and I just 00:01:13.450 --> 00:01:18.046 hit the mark right on the beam, Huh? How do you like this? Part of the 00:01:18.079 --> 00:01:21.607 world? Have you seen enough out here to be glad you came or do you wish 00:01:21.640 --> 00:01:24.197 you'd never come out here. I wish you'd never been here. I'd like the 00:01:24.230 --> 00:01:27.757 state's better. Oh, well, who doesn't after all the final preference would 00:01:27.790 --> 00:01:32.367 certainly take us all back to the states. How many points do you have? 59. 00:01:32.400 --> 00:01:38.176 That isn't enough, is it? No, it isn't. When did you join the 32nd In 00:01:38.209 --> 00:01:43.257 November of 43. Was that during beginning campaign? No, there's just in 00:01:43.290 --> 00:01:47.307 time to get a hold of it. Oh, you were then in a part of it. All right. 00:01:47.340 --> 00:01:53.326 Yes. I started out at Sagamore Beach Land. And you got into that mud at 00:01:53.359 --> 00:01:58.206 lady in the first class style. Huh? Gee, that stuff must have been 00:01:58.239 --> 00:02:02.076 terrible. I've seen lots of pictures of it and it must have been really 00:02:02.109 --> 00:02:07.206 rough. It's just about knee deep all over the island, all rained every day. 00:02:07.239 --> 00:02:09.647 Well, it's been better up here, hasn't it on lasagna? Yes, it's 00:02:09.680 --> 00:02:13.367 considerable better. The weather here is much better than that. Have you 00:02:13.400 --> 00:02:18.827 been enjoying good health? Yes, I can say I have no wounds. No. Pretty 00:02:18.860 --> 00:02:22.767 lucky. Let's say something to the folks at home in a personal sort of way. 00:02:22.800 --> 00:02:26.816 Well, I'd like to say hello for Raymond Wimberly spokes and female 00:02:26.849 --> 00:02:32.136 Arizona and to Evan Bill and see there in Miami someday I'm gonna be back 00:02:32.169 --> 00:02:36.136 here with you. Have you met many Arizona boys? I hear you speaking here 00:02:36.169 --> 00:02:39.346 for some friend of yours. Have you run into a few? Yes, This Raymond 00:02:39.379 --> 00:02:44.156 Wimberley from female Arizona. He's in my company now and we run around a 00:02:44.189 --> 00:02:49.327 good l together and he's in good health and just as anxious to be home as 00:02:49.360 --> 00:02:54.027 you are. Yes. Are you a combat infantryman? Yes. Heavy machine guns? Heavy 00:02:54.060 --> 00:02:58.756 machine gunner. Do you work right up with the leading squads? Or do you 00:02:58.789 --> 00:03:05.196 bring up the next units? No. Heavy weapons company is kind of a sport 00:03:05.229 --> 00:03:11.327 rifleman given overhead fire for advances on them. But you get plenty of 00:03:11.360 --> 00:03:14.626 work to do. Alright 00:03:14.659 --> 00:03:18.006 well Billy it's good to see you and I imagine that Miami will be glad to 00:03:18.039 --> 00:03:20.696 see you one of these days when you get home. Well if you'll slip away now 00:03:20.729 --> 00:03:23.946 I'll call one of these other boys in. Billy's mother is living over in 00:03:23.979 --> 00:03:27.927 texas but his many friends in Miami will appreciate his message of 00:03:27.960 --> 00:03:33.117 greeting and particularly the proxy media greeting that was passed on to 00:03:33.150 --> 00:03:37.777 the boy's parents in Piemonte. Our next boy's name. Homer coming home our 00:03:37.810 --> 00:03:41.876 comings. And will you give me your address, homer box 9 to 4 jerome 00:03:41.909 --> 00:03:47.217 Arizona and your mother and father? Mr Homer Cummings and mrs Maggie 00:03:47.250 --> 00:03:50.487 coming and I believe you're married. Yes sir. That's right. What's your 00:03:50.520 --> 00:03:56.096 name Marie coming now Marie. Yes I bet she's pretty isn't she? Well I 00:03:56.129 --> 00:04:00.196 think so. Oh that's wonderful. Did she write you nice letters? Yes sir 00:04:00.229 --> 00:04:03.577 quite often she tells you how much he loved you and all that. So yes sir. 00:04:03.610 --> 00:04:06.886 It has all that in it. That's wonderful. And you tell her how much you 00:04:06.919 --> 00:04:10.987 love her. Oh yes sir. You're not afraid of the sensor. No I'm not afraid 00:04:11.020 --> 00:04:16.517 of him I never seen. Well he probably says the same thing in his letter. 00:04:16.550 --> 00:04:21.837 So how you been getting along fine sir? Best of Health and Everything. 00:04:21.870 --> 00:04:25.687 That's good. Well, you have a nice ready smile for as long as you've been 00:04:25.720 --> 00:04:29.447 with the 32nd division. That's probably some sort of an achievement. How 00:04:29.480 --> 00:04:32.577 many times have you been? I've just been with them about two months then. 00:04:32.610 --> 00:04:37.217 That smile hasn't had time. I'm are you getting along with the food? All 00:04:37.250 --> 00:04:42.517 right. Well at times sir then you mean to condition that by saying that at 00:04:42.550 --> 00:04:46.207 times you could stand one of those steaks like my friend. Yes, very 00:04:46.240 --> 00:04:51.827 readily. You get any fresh meat at all? No sir. Not in quite some time. Uh 00:04:51.860 --> 00:04:54.877 Well, it won't be long one of these days. It will be different. So we're 00:04:54.910 --> 00:04:58.627 hoping let's have a greeting to the folks at home. I'd like to send my 00:04:58.660 --> 00:05:04.036 love to my wife and sent I'd also like to say hello to my mother and dad 00:05:04.069 --> 00:05:08.817 and my aunts in that vicinity. You're all right and they don't need to 00:05:08.850 --> 00:05:12.036 work. Yes, sir. That's right. Okay. Well, thanks a lot. Homer cummings 00:05:12.069 --> 00:05:16.127 that rounds up the quartet. Another group of four boys whose primary 00:05:16.160 --> 00:05:20.207 number one all time personal interest is home. And those of you who make 00:05:20.240 --> 00:05:25.837 it home, James burkett, Postino estrada, Billy J Hill and homer cummings 00:05:25.870 --> 00:05:31.007 from Eloy Arizona Williams. Miami and jerome. I want to thank these boys 00:05:31.040 --> 00:05:35.296 for their courtesy in coming into this warm studio and going through this 00:05:35.329 --> 00:05:38.327 friendly routine with us. I know you enjoyed it. Especially those of you 00:05:38.360 --> 00:05:41.257 know the boys personally and that you'll be looking forward to our next 00:05:41.290 --> 00:05:46.267 broadcast that will bring you another group of the boys who make Arizona a 00:05:46.300 --> 00:05:50.707 place of which we are also very proud until our next presentation 00:05:50.740 --> 00:05:54.176 greetings to you from the heart of the Philippines from howard Pyle and 00:05:54.209 --> 00:05:58.717 now back to fred macpherson. Thanks Howard for a most interesting inter 00:05:58.750 --> 00:06:02.906 group. I've just received a cable gram from Howard Friends. I'm going to 00:06:02.939 --> 00:06:06.116 read it to you in just a few minutes, but first now that we've conquered 00:06:06.149 --> 00:06:09.887 the island empire of japan, I thought you'd like to know firsthand 00:06:09.920 --> 00:06:13.806 something of these islands and of the thought processes of their people. 00:06:13.839 --> 00:06:17.476 The appearance of the landscape of the Inland Empire is as fragile and 00:06:17.509 --> 00:06:22.246 delicate as a print by sexual. This country where every tillable acres in 00:06:22.279 --> 00:06:26.777 cultivation and where tillable acres are so few presents. An endless 00:06:26.810 --> 00:06:31.577 panorama of mountain and valley have cherished views of sacred fujiyama of 00:06:31.610 --> 00:06:35.796 the Tory. The tendency of red lacquered bridges connecting islet with 00:06:35.829 --> 00:06:39.906 eyelet, the dancing paper lanterns and glittering fireflies on beautiful 00:06:39.939 --> 00:06:45.077 winding streams of giant lacey krypton areas, twisted dwarf pines and 00:06:45.110 --> 00:06:49.587 gorgeous chrysanthemums, a flowering cherry and plum in the spring and 00:06:49.620 --> 00:06:52.897 blazing maples in the fall. 00:06:52.930 --> 00:06:56.416 I found the perfection of this form of fairyland. Designed in such a 00:06:56.449 --> 00:07:00.746 variety of charm, strangely contradictory to the suspicious treacherous. 00:07:00.779 --> 00:07:04.926 Yes, even evil natures of many of its leaders. The road to the 00:07:04.959 --> 00:07:09.337 incomparable summer resort of Miyashita, so beautiful with its gardens and 00:07:09.370 --> 00:07:14.236 pools is as tortuous and crooked as the minds of the rulers of Japan. It's 00:07:14.269 --> 00:07:17.856 completely incomprehensible to the american mind that every one of his 00:07:17.889 --> 00:07:22.147 neighbors may be a spy, that every foreigner in his midst is undoubtedly a 00:07:22.180 --> 00:07:27.616 spy. But the Japanese believe this sincerely and it's useless. Of course 00:07:27.649 --> 00:07:31.156 I'm speaking of the time I was there, it's useless to try to get away from 00:07:31.189 --> 00:07:35.996 a would be inconspicuous, hissing little jap paddling around behind one. 00:07:36.029 --> 00:07:41.447 No matter what one's errand or reason for being in Japan. Every Japanese 00:07:41.480 --> 00:07:46.976 abroad is a potential spy. Sometimes voluntarily sometimes paid. It's a 00:07:47.009 --> 00:07:50.507 well known fact that the Japanese fishermen in Manila were exceedingly 00:07:50.540 --> 00:07:55.676 painstaking and sounding of every nook and corner of Manila bay. They did 00:07:55.709 --> 00:08:00.817 this long ago. A completely useless task I might add Because for 25 cents 00:08:00.850 --> 00:08:04.517 they could have purchased a coast and geodetic survey chart of Manila Bay. 00:08:04.550 --> 00:08:09.527 Scientific down to the last decimal point. That's true of hawaii and the 00:08:09.560 --> 00:08:13.746 west coast of the United States mainland. But no, the jump wouldn't buy 00:08:13.779 --> 00:08:17.517 one of those maps. He couldn't conceive a nation so naive that it would 00:08:17.550 --> 00:08:22.767 sell accurate soundings of its strategic ports to all comers. The Japs are 00:08:22.800 --> 00:08:25.937 too suspicious to believe it. They firmly believe that we printed the 00:08:25.970 --> 00:08:30.457 charge to fool them. So they worked night and day to make their own and 00:08:30.490 --> 00:08:36.907 that's just one facet of the japanese mind by boat and by train and by 00:08:36.940 --> 00:08:41.246 motor and by rickshaw. I traveled up and down Japan trying to understand 00:08:41.279 --> 00:08:45.256 their philosophy of living to ride a car in japan is a harrowing 00:08:45.289 --> 00:08:48.907 experiences. Howard has told you the shippers drive or I should say they 00:08:48.940 --> 00:08:53.187 did drive like mad through the streets that are so narrow that pedestrians 00:08:53.220 --> 00:08:57.226 had to make a mad dash to avoid being run over from one end of the 00:08:57.259 --> 00:09:01.697 archipelago to the other. All roads were a moving mass of humanity where 00:09:01.730 --> 00:09:05.996 no one seemed to give precedence and bicycles and rickshaws and handcarts 00:09:06.029 --> 00:09:10.577 dotted here and they're all in the greatest confusion. Every street was 00:09:10.610 --> 00:09:15.016 filled with color and sound and motion, smiling butterfly girls in 00:09:15.049 --> 00:09:20.026 colorful kimonos, clop, clop on wooden gators over the uneven pavement and 00:09:20.059 --> 00:09:24.817 I bought sushi and trifle from hand cart peddlers and from men with basket 00:09:24.850 --> 00:09:29.077 swinging on long bamboo poles. And I saw the whole thing, but I didn't 00:09:29.110 --> 00:09:32.717 understand and I still don't and I don't think any other occidental does 00:09:32.750 --> 00:09:38.217 either. There are months of great anxiety ahead for the american people. 00:09:38.250 --> 00:09:41.967 Every bit of news from japan will be scrutinized for some hint of what 00:09:42.000 --> 00:09:45.587 the people of that occupied country are thinking. We have at least a 00:09:45.620 --> 00:09:49.957 rudimentary understanding of the german mind and for that reason, our task 00:09:49.990 --> 00:09:55.276 of remaking Germany is somewhat easier. But Japan is an enigma. Indeed, 00:09:55.309 --> 00:09:58.917 her whole civilization has been carefully planned so that it will be an 00:09:58.950 --> 00:10:03.376 enigma, an Impenetrable mystery to foreigners, especially foreigners from 00:10:03.409 --> 00:10:07.417 the occident. So far it's been impossible for our correspondents to 00:10:07.450 --> 00:10:10.577 determine just what attitude the Japanese are taking toward their 00:10:10.610 --> 00:10:15.996 conquerors On the whole. They seem to be extremely cold and aloof, but 00:10:16.029 --> 00:10:19.817 that was to be expected when the first occupation troops arrived. It may 00:10:19.850 --> 00:10:23.317 be no more than a front that will wear off after the first shock of defeat 00:10:23.350 --> 00:10:27.557 and surrender his past. However, there does seem to be one thing that we 00:10:27.590 --> 00:10:31.967 can say with some degree of certainty about the Japanese. It is that they 00:10:32.000 --> 00:10:37.116 attach not one bit of blame to Emperor Hirohito for starting the war for 00:10:37.149 --> 00:10:41.567 losing it or for bringing down upon Japan the greatest defeat and disaster 00:10:41.600 --> 00:10:45.457 in her long history. For instance, there was the statement of CGM 00:10:45.490 --> 00:10:49.087 Asahikawa, Chief of the Foreign Service of Japan's official domain news 00:10:49.120 --> 00:10:53.667 agency. He should know the Japanese mind if anyone does. And he told us, 00:10:53.700 --> 00:10:58.217 we do not attribute any responsibility for the defeat to the emperor. The 00:10:58.250 --> 00:11:05.000 stigma of losing the war will fall on those men who actually directed it. 00:11:05.039 --> 00:11:07.039 Then there was the rather pathetic mayor of Yokosuka. He even went so far 00:11:09.169 --> 00:11:13.856 as to drink a toast to President Truman to prove his goodwill. But he also 00:11:13.889 --> 00:11:17.717 insisted that the Japanese stopped fighting only because the emperor told 00:11:17.750 --> 00:11:21.417 them to that they would have fought to the last man if Hirohito had met 00:11:21.450 --> 00:11:25.447 them. Of course there were those mysterious pamphlets probably dropped by 00:11:25.480 --> 00:11:29.667 Kamikaze pilots that urged the Japanese to fight on. In disregard of 00:11:29.700 --> 00:11:33.026 Hirohito's auditor surrender the fanatical authors of the pamphlets, 00:11:33.059 --> 00:11:37.016 whoever they were, then the emperor had been ill advised and didn't know 00:11:37.049 --> 00:11:40.717 the real conditions, but it's safe to say the overwhelming majority of the 00:11:40.750 --> 00:11:45.297 Japanese would be acutely shocked at heretical talk like that. The 00:11:45.330 --> 00:11:49.116 attitude of the masses apparently is that insofar as the end of the war 00:11:49.149 --> 00:11:53.967 and the return of peace is good. Hirohito deserves the credit but for the 00:11:54.000 --> 00:11:59.396 loss of the war and its consequences, he's not responsible at all. Perhaps 00:11:59.429 --> 00:12:02.807 it just isn't human nature anywhere in the world for a nation to admit it 00:12:02.840 --> 00:12:07.207 was wrong. What we must watch fall in Japan is not so much a sudden wave 00:12:07.240 --> 00:12:11.447 of penitence but indications that the people are talking taking upon 00:12:11.480 --> 00:12:15.496 themselves the responsibility for their actions. The familiar word for 00:12:15.529 --> 00:12:19.626 that healthy frame of mind is democracy, politically and morally speaking 00:12:19.659 --> 00:12:25.687 , democracy is completely unknown in Japan. Our job is to teach them the 00:12:25.720 --> 00:12:31.817 meaning of that word democracy and when we do and only when we do the 00:12:31.850 --> 00:12:39.207 piece is one, God help us to make it soon and now I have a cable gram from 00:12:39.240 --> 00:12:45.787 Howard Pyle, It's Dateline Tokyo via Arca September two aboard the 00:12:45.820 --> 00:12:50.096 battleship Missouri total pieces now official in the Pacific, I have just 00:12:50.129 --> 00:12:53.187 witnessed the signing of the final documents from the flag bridge of the 00:12:53.220 --> 00:12:56.756 battleship Missouri. General Douglas Macarthur, supreme commander of the 00:12:56.789 --> 00:13:00.827 allied forces, conducted the ceremony throughout and signed for the allied 00:13:00.860 --> 00:13:04.837 powers. His manner reflected the same calm strength that has characterized 00:13:04.870 --> 00:13:09.297 his spartan courage throughout the worst and the best of the pacific war. 00:13:09.330 --> 00:13:13.246 Admiral Chester W. Nimitz signed for the United States Foreign Minister 00:13:13.279 --> 00:13:17.496 Shigemitsu of Japan signed for the defeated power recently liberated 00:13:17.529 --> 00:13:22.327 prisoners of war, worn but happy we're privileged to see retribution in 00:13:22.360 --> 00:13:26.256 full force. The forward deck of the Missouri was crowded with the 00:13:26.289 --> 00:13:30.126 brilliant army and navy command staffs whose spectacular achievement on 00:13:30.159 --> 00:13:33.726 land sea and in the air have packed the most crushing power in the history 00:13:33.759 --> 00:13:37.577 of modern warfare. White clad sailors crowded into every available opening 00:13:37.610 --> 00:13:42.886 , determined to see the climax to history that they helped to make. The 00:13:42.919 --> 00:13:47.506 sky was overcast, but no rain fell. The colorful uniforms of the visiting 00:13:47.539 --> 00:13:51.606 aligned delegations gave us smart international touch to the proceedings. 00:13:51.639 --> 00:13:55.026 The Russians, chinese british french, Australians, Canadians, new 00:13:55.059 --> 00:13:59.837 Zealanders and the dutch all shared in the hour of triumph. The official 00:13:59.870 --> 00:14:03.037 documents were spread on a long table covered with a green cloth trimmed 00:14:03.070 --> 00:14:06.587 in gold drawn up before this centerpiece with the members of the Japanese 00:14:06.620 --> 00:14:10.697 surrender party. Their attitude seemed neither belligerent nor offended 00:14:10.730 --> 00:14:16.407 Instead, every face was expressionless as they stood stiffly at attention 00:14:16.440 --> 00:14:19.476 as the final. This completes the major color and activity of the pacific 00:14:19.509 --> 00:14:23.427 war for your correspondent and I have been invited, says Howard to 00:14:23.460 --> 00:14:26.797 accompany General wainwright on an immediate flight to Manila, where I 00:14:26.830 --> 00:14:30.327 will cover the prisoner of war picture and then return to the States. It's 00:14:30.360 --> 00:14:33.246 been a privilege to serve you from the pacific in the closing months of a 00:14:33.279 --> 00:14:39.587 war that must never be repeated if we want civilization to survive. And 00:14:39.620 --> 00:14:44.787 that's howard piles telegram from Tokyo. And so until tomorrow morning at 00:14:44.820 --> 00:14:48.116 7 45 when Howard Pyle will again report for the Valley National Bank to 00:14:48.149 --> 00:14:51.746 the people of Arizona. Direct from the pacific. This is fred Macpherson 00:14:51.779 --> 00:14:56.606 speaking. This is the abc network 00:14:56.639 --> 00:15:01.639 Katya are in phoenix. Yeah, yeah.