No.
Mhm. Uh huh. Everybody can make it. Okay. Yeah, but not with my style, can
you? Well this is the this is the program.
Two.
I have a paper which is entitled energy Or two sons are ecology. So this
will be the two sons program. And I'll begin with number one matter spirit
, cooperation, confrontation, complexity, militarization. Number two. Our
ecology. The concept the models, the prototype Arcosanti. Number three
energy cosmic potentials. The vegetable trap,
green house effect, hydroponic and chimney effect, apps effect. And some
example in Kazanjian Arcosanti. Then comes the subject itself. Two sons
oncology. The concept the layout, the model and the model is exposed to
the sun on Celestis and equinox. So here the winter solstice, the summer
solstice and the one equinox.
This is a slide about a parallel between the megalopolis and their ecology.
And at the beginning there are some visual sequences on the bridges which
were the beginning of the incorporation of more than one function in one
structure.
This scheme will come up now and then to explain where we are.
Uh this is a detail
or this and it happens to be a ramp besides being a bridge,
they show the progression from a sketch to a model.
This is where you suspension bridge. The mother was 45 ft I think. And the
peculiar character is that instead of having vertical Thailand's it has
slandered pilots. So this island works against that one through the cable
tension And on the tension on the cables. You put the highway in this case
a three level highway or a cars, trains and busses, drugs and then maybe
utilities.
That was a sketch of the model for the model.
Okay, now, I'm trying to explain how I got to the archaeology concept. I
begin with a very general statement about reality uh, three
so called layers, what you might call layers, the deterministic way, which
is the universal mass energy, the physical universe and not being just a
state or condition with the process. You can call it a cosmo genesis.
According to science, we think that this universe works according to laws
of conservation of energy. Now I listed here some of the characteristics
that somehow relate to the problem of the city. The city was a social and
cultural instrument. So I'm saying that this universe is anthropic,
statistical, rational, gradual, predictable, similar herbal and structural
, and I call this the word of indifference
uh originating from this universe from this uh substrate. Er there is the
genetic way the biological universe. And these you could say works
according to laws of concentration of energy, any organism or any society
of organisms. It's a it's a concentration in very specific ways, all of
the action, which means energy. This is a biogenesis. Again, it's a
genesis it's an evolutionary process. It is instinctual, unconscious
duration als evolutionary irreversible, selective, nonce, immutable
sensitize social and morphological, the world of indifferent or mean of
innocence. Uh, where were you having difference here here? You have
innocence in a sense that there is a sensitization here, which somehow
reject indifference at the same time, you can only speak of a sinful
animal,
good and evil somehow is absent in this universe,
supported by those two and utterly depend on those two is the cultural way
the human way. And you could say that this this way works according to
laws of implementation of energy. If you take the mental and spiritual
energy as a form of energy. So this is the only genesis it is mental
countries duration, als evolutionary irreversible, willful, non Simula ble
, compassionate, social, manipulative and formal. This is where the idea
of good and evil appears.
If you take the genesis of the of the earth and then you see the
development we did of life. You could say that you move from from
insensitivity or dominus into sensitivity and grace. So you have a really
transformational matter into something more subtle which we might call
mental stuff thinking staff spirit, what tells
now, I'm moving slightly closer to the question of the city and I'm saying
that somehow coming from this kind of very general scheme, I could say
something of this or consequence of the fortuitous divine triggering of
life. The universe of mass energy is in the process of terrorizing itself
into spirit. This process
intrinsic to this metamorphosis of mass energy into spirit is the ever
increasing complexity of systems carrying on the transformation you begin
from the simple, relatively simple the atomic structure, the structure of
the atom and physical particles into a system which become more and more
complex up to the mind of man, to the brain, which is somehow the epitome
of complexity. As far as the single organisms goes,
the special mechanism of putting more into less, allowing for
implementation of complexities in miniaturization process. You cannot
avoid the necessity of making things smaller. When you're dealing with a
constant implementation of complexity, complexity can only be achieved by
putting more into less
on this earth. The most comprehensive structuring body and becoming
refrigeration in the city. If you move from the from the single organism
into the social organism and you stay with the insects. For instance, you
see that one of the best example is the the antidote or the beehive. There
you have a very good organization in social terms of of a kind of life
which is mostly instinctual defined by by the matrix of of a genetic um
development and it's a social life but has nothing to do with the cultural
aspects of life nor with regions nor with the aesthetic. So as an example
of a social city, you have the beehive. You move into the human, you must
transfer hand the beehive and move into the actual city which is an
instrument, not just for the social, economic and political development,
which is a system for the development. You mean this
moving somehow along this line. You can say that then the city, This
materialization machine is governed governed by the physical energetic
rules of complexity, militarization
among the many options offered to contemporary man. The context
miniaturize cities the least option on it as much as it is mandatory for
the spirit of the earth. This city is a social economic, moral cultural
imperative. And under demographic pressure is also survival necessity.
This gives the lie to most of our priorities and demythologize this
practical men because this paradox are bankrupt. The young man is the man
of the spirit. Please supposedly makes sense if you accept this
transformation of matter into spirit, which is which is embodied in
evolution of life on this earth.
Now in this game of reference, there is the question of of militarization
, which is about an implosive process. So here I'm trying to To illustrate
why the implosive process is the living process and not the explosive one.
I'm taking his seat as an example, the vegetable, the animal, the human
and the social seed originated cycle of gathering, organizing. Mattering
progressively complex and responsive organisms.
If you plant a seed into the ground and you watch the three developing
from the seed, you can you can interpret that in two ways. one is that the
city explodes into something bigger than itself Germany is to see the seed
as the center of an implosion process, which is the environment gathering
very selective ways around the seed and in organizations which are very,
very peculiar. So in a way you can see uh The three The synopsis as some
kind of a collection selectively of the elements composing environment
into a living system which has an interior list kind of existence.
This kind of activity presumes a totally cooperative
at work. The living is a cooperative clothes and other this integrated one
, which happens to be death. It is an implosive process, not an explosive
one. It is a major regional process which favored the ever more complex
interaction they can be coming. You really miniaturized in very special
terms, the surrounding which is somehow scattered and a hazard lee
scattered into a very definite morphology which has specific functions and
a highly organized
structure.
You could stay this in those two politics in any given system. The
loveliest countries. Also the most complex in any given system. The most
complex quantum is also the most militarized and uh
in a way to represent this forcefully or at least it seems to me clearly,
you can take a certain amount of matter, let's say, a pile of sand That
weighs 150 lb. And then see what this pile of sand becomes when it becomes
a living organism, a person, the components are identical, the atomic and
subatomic structure, but the end result and somehow the
the trust of it. It's immensely different. So you have a miracle there
which transformed a pile of dead matter into the pulse setting an active
organism. And this can only be achieved by putting more and more and more
into this amount of matter which otherwise would be very elementary, very
simple and almost deprived of any reality.
Now, moving into the ecology, which is based on this guideline,
I'm saying that we have a number of problems which are very various very
present to our society, especially the Western society. We deal with
exploding population, which is a universal problem. The ecological problem
, the terminal waste, which is connected with the ecological problem and
the problem of or pollution, which is a problem of waste
conservation, air, water and and land.
Um
we have a problem of affluence. They're connected with the problem waste.
The question of segregation, which is not a simple separation of ethnic
groups or social status or welt degrees very It's a question of really
separating all the different kinds of activities and and systems and
institutions that are serving them. So it's an environmental questions.
Just for you, a social question
and then we have the energy problem which is very present to everyone now
and the question of the future, do we have a future that we don't? Well,
what I'm studying here that if we are serious about this set of problems,
then the answer, it's new nowhere else, but but the answer is still a mean
to something which is greater than those functions and this something.
It's the quality of life.
So what I'm saying that the ecological commitment this this idea of going
about developing the landscape for mankind. It's only an instrument to a
better level of consciousness and more creative condition
at this point I'm trying to move from the from the conceptual into the
visual
and the problem was how to try to express this paradigm in terms of urban
systems. So out of the 45 or so ideas I developed about 30 for the ecology
for their college. A book
most of you I've seen also I want stop
too long.
This is a floating system. It has a yeah production or transformation
subsystems where you take from the sea, the materials that you after and
those can be minerals, proteins
or uh
uh huh chemicals
and slowly you can develop a certain autonomous life in those centers and
then when many of the centers become clustered you can develop urban
ribbons so that the whole system becomes a metropolitan floating center.
So you define a civilization of the sea for instance which could have a
different character from a civilization of the of the land.
This was would indicate a digestive process. You take the water, you take
off the water, the materials you you need in a new period out you
transform it, you stole it and you can ship it and then we developed
research and urban life the water level. It's about there. The same scheme
here, same idea but a different structural layout
again a small community which can develop into a large amount to point in
the system in time. Just the water level.
Mhm.
The dam, it's a good example of a dead or collagen somehow because it's a
big, it's a big structure which could contain a large population so that
it would become a mini city. The only thing to do would be to carve the
the monolith and make it into a perforated structure which could be
naturally as strong if not stronger than the model it.
And by doing so, you introduce life into the, into this fairly substantial
structural system. You have water for a number of things power, irrigation
, domestic use and recreation.
So if you cut through there, you could say something of this kind come
through there, you know, the water body And then two diaphragms one
against the water for warehousing and so on, german for residential
purposes, which is the one you see the and then the other structure which
are integral part of the main structure would be for the public and
commercial and productive and learning and health and so on. So you still
have a separation of functions in a way. You have an integration of them
all because it's a big building with a very tiny city not comparable to
phoenix For instance, which is about 400 square miles or 300 square miles.
The same idea of in much smaller terms over them becomes a center for
research or a Center for Learning or
gonna call it. Yeah. Resource area that center like much larger one. That
thing was over 100,000 population, suggested
some of the let's say land our colleges. This was a twin city like and the
size is such that you can walk throughout it, put a bicycle throughout it
or take elevators, escalators and so on. So if this dimension is less than
two miles, you you're part of intense urban life at the same time, you can
very quickly leave the urban landscape and move into the open landscape.
This I think there's a number of things for one. It cuts the size of all
the services to a fraction of what they needed. Now by doing this, you
naturally cut not just the bulk, the services themselves, but the
bureaucratic machinery that are needed to run those services.
Mhm.
Those are different examples of, again, trying to illustrate in symbolic
forms What the three dimensionality
produces into the city escape. And the type of dimension is necessary in
order to militarization. Because it's on the vertical dimension that you
need only about 10 ft uh distance between between performances. So that's
the dimension which becomes the frugal dimension.
Uh huh.
And I have to remind you that the logistics of anything that has a life,
it's a fundamental, it's the basis for the life of the system. Poor
logistics means a poor life. You can think for a moment if if the brain
doesn't doesn't get enough blood for even a few minutes you lose part of
the brain cells. Logistics are absolutely d fundamental support of any
kind of consciousness.
The automobile stops at the edge of the city, there are no roads, only
streets in the city, pedestrian malls, etcetera. So the automobile could
not even get in if if he wanted
some very quick models of some more details. Models. You see this is These
3000 suggested population. This is the in Palestine building.
This was about 30,000 thing was one of them. This is 170,000, and some
1000 400 and some 1000. And then again the Empire State building. So
you're dealing with a very large building with a very tiny city,
this this one. And you have the skill, death, Empire state building.
Uh huh. Yeah, all these models are, as I was saying, mostly symbols. They
are very abstract. In this case for instance, there is indication of many
levels inside and those many levels will be mainly for for the aspects of
the city which are not the private aspects. So you might have some
production, commerce, exchange, okay. Cultural activities and so on. And
the outer skin of the building would be where you develop most of the
private sector in the city.
I suppose it for about 270,000.
And somehow it suggests that the city can develop at least in two in two
phases to this phase. In that phase. There are very large open spaces
midway here and here we try to suggest that the general scheme might be
given a certain point. The detailing of the city can constantly change and
be in a way personalized.
The intervention of the, of the user in a very different way
by some design of a design. But the architect that he chooses or the
planet or whatever it is, this is one of the large area expanses coming
out from the main body. This is a little stadium,
naturally, you don't have to go this far in structural and organizational
terms to have an oncology. You can be very simple, in fact, there is that
we have a photograph or one building city in Siberia and it's just a
rectangular
yeah, plan, maybe 20 story high and it's like a block, a super block.
This was a little bigger about 200 and some 1000. And it's a cluster of
vertical structure that you can compare to a skyscraper to skyscrapers.
But by the fact that being connected at different levels, you come up with
an integrated system instead of having a segregated system. And this
involves logistical swiftness, which you don't have when you, when you're
there, you have to go down and oh,
This was a little larger one and one of the scary one
because it's so absurd. Yeah, but it was an exercise in trying to, to give
yourself a certain volume and, and try to organize it. See how you could
subdivided in blades and spaces which are open but sheltered and so on.
This is the interior there
A space capsule that could serve about 70,000 people. It's a, it's a
cylinder, you see half of it there and it has a rotation on this axis.
And so between the factory, it's a, it's a tensile structure because there
is an atmosphere and then outside your the vacuum. So it's a pressurized
system and the federal, it rotates this way makes for a very light
structure but very strong. And the rotation causes local gravity. So you
are standing inside of this landscape because the cylinder is lined by
vegetation, which is part of the food production of this community. And
you can fly out from your residence by your own flapping of your arms and
so on, like swimming in there.
Um,
uh, this is the center of the city with a little, with a little river that
it's a, it's a water circle, like a ring. So this is where you have more
density of, of action.
And by working on this, you realize some of the extreme that the city has
to face sometimes like self reliance the character of the interiors as
against the character of the exteriors, the interior ization of the whole
system, the evidently the militarization and question the efficiency
question, the desegregation question
and the conservation
up to a limit.
Adopting the idea of the linear city, which I think it's, it's a good idea.
You can see it in archaeological terms, which means the containment on
the trans vessel dimensions so that no matter how you develop the single
plugged in communities, which can be a different sizes, you're always very
close to the main transportation system that in a section will be there.
Which is there were there. So you have main transportation systems of old
kind from rubber wheels, two aircrafts, diplomatic and so on. And then you
are their colleges, the cities of different kinds, different dimensions,
different
productive cycles. So wherever you are in those oncology, you are very
close to this logistical ring to the urban life and also to the open
landscape scale. Uh, I would say it in positive building. It's about that
much.
This was a very sketchy, very, very quick cardboard model we made at the
courtroom.
So you should take it with
some reservations. But this stands for for an airport, which could be on
the roof of the mystery No city every every once in a while you can have a
major airports or smaller landing strip.
Now if you adopt that criteria, what you cannot do is to break the ring
because if you break the ring, you break the logistics. So you have to
keep carrying this corridor and and close the ring. So you have the best
kind of logistics, in which case you might have an obstacle like a, like a
canyon and you might build a bridge which becomes a city
or in a lot of structural system bridge, which also becomes a city, a
center of activities.
And finally very quick was fairly quick idea for an airport terminal which
becomes a full fledged center of life. So instead of having a place where
nobody wants to really land, which is a renowned place of the airport, you
practically learned inside the city and what you do, you land or take off
from the, from the mhm
what we call them?
Oh boy, the landing strips and the runway's. Yeah, thank you. And then the
aircraft are turned off and they pulled, you know, pulled out from all to
this ring, which is really the taxing ring that feeds from the city or in
the city. So the passengers are loading here or there unloading here,
which means practically at the center of the city, which is this, this hub
, it's 800 m by 2.5 kilometers. It's at the center of a development of
parks indicated here and below the parks are our industrial parts,
universal space which can be adapted to different kinds of production
cycles. So that aircraft also feed on those industrial centers and west
Jerusalem.
This was about a million population. I think this is the taxi ring in
section,
so we have two series of half of the, of the circular
hub.
The parks an open space at different levels. A five Mile Promenade Bridge
there
in this instance we we define some of the time and, and space gaps between
activities. So if you are a the service repayment for instance might come
from out of the city and you start your daily service work and because of
the quickness and the swiftness that you can afford in this kind of
environment, you can do much more with your time and include in florida
city. Hopefully by my intention, you would travel in a very interesting
kind of environment because if the city is only is only machine for living
and you're stuck with the machine, you decide to become a cultural mhm
mechanism, then you might have a great time in moving throughout it.
This was a view of the interior at one of the students designed
this was an out of town executive again, showing the different kinds of
stops throughout the day.
Now, I went briefly through the number one matter, spirit of cooperation,
confrontation, complexity, militarization through their ecology. The
concept of model and now we are the prototype
and here again you most of you have seen all this. So I'm going to go
quickly.
The other free river which was running, it always runs here, but when you
have a flash flood, it runs pretty high sometimes
morning before breakfast meeting on the opposite side of Arcosanti.
This is kind of rock formation we're building on its a basaltic look, you
can see it there
going back from the meeting to the building site.
Mhm. The camp which established five years ago in the building side as it
was three years ago. Mr with three river, we own from here About three
miles this way toward the highway
looking from there this way on the farmland. Mhm. Our our land stops in
the back of this village and in the back of that. Okay,
the garden three years ago building site. Mhm.
There's Natalie rather than the claim
god, half of the god a year ago,
a little later on, I have something to say about the absence but those are
the absence which are spherical structure of half of a quarter of a sphere
which are open toward the outside. I'll explain why
as you see here in a traditional ways the Absa absa these are turned
towards the inside so they create a certain condition which is very very
different from the condition that I am after. Besides that, the wall
becomes a double wall here so that you have activities going on within the
structure itself.
The model as you saw it received in North Studio. This is to indicate the
variety of interventions, different people doing their own different
things for their own residents or studios.
Uh huh
Some of the progress of the building, this is the main building. We got
that far plus somewhere here. The blue outline and then the same in actual
Mhm natural landscape.
So this vote is something access of the main building which is 1/2 here
and half there are more or less
our land stops about there. That's the highway there.
So this this will become a sanctuary which will be used by the community.
When you see in the model it's this vote. Then you see the building those
two residencies and then there'll be more buildings. Uh the ceramics abs
which is the same center of these big gaps and the family. Mhm.
The First Foundation for one Side of the Vault. Some of the blasting
the world being assembled. I love you from the west three years ago. The
making of the panels for the vault.
This is salt and linoleum painting linoleum. Those are going to be windows.
We have 12 of those panels for one mold.
And you see the slab which has been cast on this sealed, the thickness
being after the curing being assembled
and there you see the transference transference of the colors from the
seals into the concrete.
Yeah,
yeah. The ceramics at the beginning of the ceramics perhaps making of
panels, modular elements.
The sandwich of them
sealed again used as a forming device in a texture device to make the
shell of the apps.
Yeah,
the east residents,
one of the rooms and the residents. The west still the east residents.
The east should be turned around one of the, one of the roofs in residents
inside. Mhm.
The foundry area of being being built
the outer skin of the foundry and the stuff holding for the silt casting.
They're still being ready for the casting on this lower layer
and we're finishing the casting. Those are windows for those residential
areas. Windows
we're ready for the second half of the skin of the apps. Those are two
level studios with rooms scattered around and services in the family.
This is before the roof has been cast, this is after the roof has been
cast.
This is the vault where we assemble the units. Those are these two
residents with an office, this the foundry with residents, this ceramics
studio and this is a six residential rooms there, a restaurant with
services there and then on top exhibition
foundry being developed a little more for the different kinds of functions.
This is the restaurant here, the exhibition and private rooms with
terraces. Mhm.
Late afternoon shot.
I shouldn't move again. Thank you.
Mhm. Mhm. Yeah
the beginning of this where the beginning is underground but coming up one
floor putting the floor now
And then the second floor coming up and then the panels for the for the
main two level floor.
Thank you. We use silt again for some of the patterns in the ceiling
that's a turnaround
mm michigan slide. We were now at the of the energy phase of the
presentation. Uh
About 15 years ago I was interested in or 20 years ago I was sitting in
solar energy in form of infrared water, wind.
And I was trying to integrate some kind of structure that would would
channel or concentrate those energies and also would be a shelter for
different kinds of functions so far. It's been using wind. I was imagining
that you have uh the top of a hill for instance, over windy countryside
and you would, you would produce some kind of a star system. Well, no
matter what the wind direction is, you would you capture it and
concentrate the pressure into a turbine and this would create this kind of
a shape that would be a sheltered space where you could develop for
instance, a village. So you have the integration of a machine of a wind
machine and the center for life and the same idea, it's on this side. But
using infinite, you have the sun energy to fish on the south side. Some
energy, you produce some heat and you can hear hot water or you can hit
salts and different kinds of things to color as a a storage of energy and
then you have a chimney so that you have an updraft and possibly you could
create some some electric energy by putting a turbine there. But the main
thing was that you expose part of the skin of the building to the sunshine
and capture some of this energy
the same idea on different kind of scheme you have like like this kind of
a shape of the building and inside of it you can collect quite a bit of
energy. Again infrared because you expose a large area, you can make it
black, so you're a black collector. Then again you have an up left and
possibly you can if you beside ventilation of the of the land, let's say,
you can do something else maybe with it. And by making many of those one
against your own, you create a very large shaded area, a conditioned
ground
using infrared. Again in a big tall building
you're going to get some energy.
This was a series of parabolic mirrors Stacked one on top of the other one
vertical. And there does mirror would be made by a liquid, a
reflecting liquid that would concentrate the energy on the phone call
access. So you have all those elements which are heated and from there you
move into direct use or storage transformation of the heat energy into
electricity.
This was a good idea of the wind, no matter what actually. You capture
some of it, you trapped some of it.
Uh This is a mix of uh updrafts and infrared.
This again, it's a parabolic parabolic mirror exposed toward the the salt
and say. And then you can put many of those together. Again you transform
the land if it's a very hard country for instance and you can insert some
activities within the double skin of the building
infrared again.
But my
my problem became more and more the fact that I was trying to use a
a way which is used by the vegetable kingdom to feed something which is
beyond the vegetable kingdom. That's that's what I call the vegetable clap.
The vegetable kingdom is can use the solid energy in the best way because
it's very extensive in the clover field
function. It's what makes minerals into into proteins into organic matter.
But the need is great extension for a kind of life which is simultaneous.
And here I was trying to use a 10uous kind of energy in the very scattered
energy of the sun for a highly concentrated kind of phenomenon, the
phenomenon of society.
Oh come on
Houston way was the most interesting if you have a pass between mountains
, Usually you have a very very reliable wind which tends to be 11 unit
directional. So according to this wind you would set a big clap like a
funnel and you would have production of energy there. Then if it happened
that the funnel for instance is exposed to the north on your side, you
have a big sun collector. Otherwise you have the sun collector on the
other side if it's exposed to the south. So you combine wind and infrared
to support the life of this community.
Now we got through matter spirit oncology Energy, we are the cosmic
potential which the name is used for those is energy collecting devices
and vegetable trap. Now I am at the greenhouse effect. Then we're going to
the hydroponic, hydroponic and the chiming should go with the greenhouse
really. And then the apps effect which is the last one. This is a scheme
different ways of using the greenhouse effect the greenhouse which is the
orthodox way of of producing foodstuff under glass. So you have a normal
diagram where you have to pump in IL or heat or cooling
by mechanical devices. You might try to avoid that to reduce this need of
mechanical devices by stepping up the greenhouse and introducing the
chimney effect which is the acceleration of the year because the air gets
warm and tends to to move vertically so that this is a self ventilating
greenhouse. Another way of using the green house is to put a house inside
of it
and become a little more sophisticated. Put instead of making the usual
greenhouse, you make a dome for instance a geodesic dome and then you
build floors and so on and you have a you live in a greenhouse. It sounds
good but it doesn't work. The skin of the greenhouse is too let's come
through too much heat or too much heat goes out of it. So sometimes very
hard, sometimes really cold and so on. So the idea is good but we are not
vegetables. That's the main problem.
Another way of using the greenhouses to not to produce foot, stop but to
produce heat for the house or your greenhouse and then you pump the heat
into the house when you need the heat you get a little more sophisticated
, you reduce some of the scale in the form of the greenhouse and you make
a some collector incorporated in the house. Then you can combine those two
criterias and produce foodstuff and also heat for your house and you can
pump it. You can pump the heat in the house and eat the vegetables or sell
them who stole them? You you combine this idea with this idea and you you
let the greenhouse pump itself off and feed the house. Then you make a
quantum jump. You move from the family into the social structure, You have
many houses together, you put them under under one glass thing connected
with the green house and the chimney effect. So you have the greenhouse
foodstuff production, heat production in your your town being said, both
energy and food stuff. Then you take this, which is a pretty peculiar way
of assembling a city and you make it into a sensitized
structure which by itself will accept or reject. Those are the asians
which are favorable or unfavorable. And if you carry on with this with the
militarization and complexity system, you then have a pretty comprehensive
device for social and cultural life if the greenhouse pumping heat into
the city. The food produce used by the city or used as a bartering device
and then the city itself is that sensible kind of structure which tries to
make the best use of the infrared many of the heat of the sun. So the next
few slides are about this criteria. But before I get there I had to take
this diagram and indicate what does it mean in terms of an actual
structure.
So we are at the apps effect and I'm using Kazanjian Arcosanti as examples.
Do we have any obstinacy of those spherical structures? And two of them
are facing notes. So they are not important for this explanation. But the
other one is facing south. Pertinent to this use of solar energy.
This is facing north.
So it projects always quite a bit of shade within the area that it
shelters and also beyond it. But this is his insult. And in the winter
because of the the overhang you have you have some how you separate
yourself from the cold radiations from the sky. At the same time you
collect the sun energy which it's constantly pulling in because the sun is
very low and it comes up on the east southeast.
So even early in the morning begins to feed in. And so it does in late
afternoon. But in the summer, the story changes the sun comes up on the
north side. And so this becomes a very good shade and you can add to it by
putting awnings for instance or additional shades.
This is also south side and it works like this from south oriented. Yeah,
this is a good morning,
probably in late spring you see the sun begins to be to be cut off by the
by the profile of the abs.
Now in Arcosanti we are going to much larger skill but the idea is very
similar. Number one, no matter what the orientation is. You by using this
kind of a scheme, you frame the landscape in a very special way. You have
light effects which are very peculiar and very interesting. You you have a
sheltered space which is in and out in a way. And within that sheltered
space you can you can come up with activities which are also I think very
interesting, but for the one which are exposed to the south. You have also
this uh in a way cosmic relationship to the, to the infrared action. So in
a way the apps workers as a son machine just by the shape and orientation
of itself.
So that's some of those are some of the reasons of the use of these
structural system to it. To suggest a little what you can do within the
wall itself. The abs. Those slides are indicating the space which is 17ft
deep where you would have the smallest module for living in Arcosanti. And
you can put a mezzanine there. So this is a a space for one person or
maybe a couple and they can arrange it according to their own needs. And
on this window looks out into the open landscape. This window looks in
into the cityscape.
Okay,
the more you go up because of the meeting of the spherical with horizontal
, you change the character of the space.
Uh This is the south exposure in the winter. This is close to the solid
space in the winter, the shortest day of the year. And you see how deep
the sunshine has penetrated inside,
appreciate it. This is still that double wall in the big gaps. Oh you're
looking at that before, You were looking at that.
Now in towards the summer you get a different condition. Now this is
probably early in the morning, so it's not necessarily summer. But in some
way you get very much this kind of effect inside
this is a winter condition again. And you see that it's certainly it's
morning, I'd say maybe 10:00 and the sun has penetrated
inside.
This is definitely close to the summer because this is before the sun
turns on the south side, the sun is still north side. So the south exposed
wall is still in the shade so early morning when the sun is very is very
biting because it's Sloan ELISA you produce mhm. The volume of shade by
the time the sun turns around it's very high. So you still have quite a
little shading. This is the winter again, probably 10 or 11:00 AM. You can
see the penetration of the sunshine.
This is late afternoon, but it's the same. Same criteria applies.
This is probably around noon. We have a meeting and you see everybody's in
the sunshine. Not only but it's sheltered, so the cold radiations are
stopped by the shell. The warm radiations are accepted.