ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SAFETY t961 BuozIJV UT WITHIN THE OPERATIONAL AND MANAGEMENT ANALYSIS SECTION OF THE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SAFETY, PRINCIPAL CONTRIBUTORS TO THIS REPORT WERE: Nils Hernando Hill, Lead Research Analyst Kathy A. Ledziue, Research Analyst Thomas Epperlein, Statistical Crime Forecasts Judy K. Nakasone, Assistant John Stephen Garcia, Graphics A Design Lora Isaacs and Louise Owen, Word Processing Preparation of this report was partially supported under grant 83 -BJ -CX -K037 from the U.S. Department of Justice/ Bureau of Justice Statistics. it Kenneth E. Campbell, Patrohnan; Phoenix Police Dept., 1/29/84 Errol C. Rusty" Hawkins, Patrolman Phoenix Police Dept., 4/24/84 Robert Leon Poimanteer nix Police Dept., 5/4/84 Kevin W. Forsythe, Patiointim? Phoenix Police Dept., 9/7/84 John A. Robertson, PatrolMari, Ph nix Police Dept., 11/19/84 4' ui Acknowledgement Appreciation is expressed to the 94 law enforcement agencies listed below and to the ACJIS Division of the Department of Public Safety which administers the UCR system in Arizona. The monthly Uniform Crime Reports processed by these agencies served as the basis for this publication. Apache County Sheriff's Office Apache Junction Police Department Arizona Department of Public Safety AZ State University Police Department AZ Western College Police Department Avondale Police Department Benson Police Department Bisbee Police Department Buckeye Police Department Casa Grande Police Department Central AZ College Police Department Chandler Police Department Chino Valley Police Department Clsrkdale Police Department Clifton Public Safety Department Cachise County Sheriff's Office Coconino County Sheriff's Office Coolidge Public Safety Department Cottonwood Police Department Douglas Police Department Duncan Police Department Eager Police Department Eastern AZ College Police Department El Mirage Police Department Eloy Police Department Flagstaff Police Department Florence Police Department Fredonia Marshal's Office Gila County Sheriff's Office Gilbert Police Department Glendale Police Department Globe Police Department Goodyear Police Department Graham County Sheriff's Office Greenlee County Sheriff's Office Guadalupe Police Department Hayden Police Department Holbrook Police Department Huachucua City Police Department Jerome Police Department Kearny Police Department Kingman Police Department La Paz County Sheriff's Office Lake Havasu Police Department Mammoth Police Department Marana Marshal's Office Maricopa County Sheriff's Office iv Mesa Police Department Miami Police Department Mohave County Sheriff's Office Navajo County Sheriff's Office Nogales Police Department Oro Valley Police Department Page Police Department Paradise Valley Police Department Parker Police Department Patagonia Marshal's Office Payson Police Department Peoria Police Department Phoenix Police Department Pima Community College Pima County Sheriff's Office Pima Police Department Pinal County Sheriff's Office Prescott Police Department Prescott Valley Police Department Safford Police Department San Luis Police Department Santa Cruz County Sheriff's Office Scottsdale Police Department Show Low Police Department Sierra Vista Police Department Snowflake Police Department Somerton Police Department South Tucson Police Department Springerville Police Department St. Johns Police Department Superior Police Department Surprise Police Department Taylor Police Department Tempe Police Department Thatcher Police Department Tolleson Marshall's Office Tombstone Police Department Tucson Police Department University of AZ Police Department Wickenburg Police Department Willcox Police Department Williams Police Department Winslow Police Department Yavapai Community College Yevapai County Sheriff's Office Youngtown Police Department Yuma Police Department Contents Foreword ix History, Purpose and Limitations of UCR Data xi Arizona Crime Clock xiv Summary of 1984 Crimes and Arrests xv SECTION I. An Overview of Crime in Arizona II. State Crime Projections 9 III. Analysis of 1984 Index Crimes 11 IV. Analysis of Arrests 25 V. Trends in County Crimes and Crime Rates 35 VI. Arizona Law Enforcement Agency Trends 39 VII. Appendices 45 A. Glossary 47 8. References 51 C. Appendix Tables 53 LISTS OF TABLES SECTION 1 U.S. Ix Arizona Crime Index and Crime Rates, 1975-84 2 1.2 Crime Index and Percent Change: Arizona, 1983 and 1984 2 1.3 Quarterly Percent Change of Violent & Property Crimes, 1983-84 3 1.4 Value of Property Stolen and Recovered by Year for Index Offenses 5 1.5 Arizona Index Crimes and Crime Rates by County, 1984 5 1.6 Average Annual Violent Crimes by Type, 1975-1984 5 1.7 Violent Crimes and Violent Crime Rates, 1975-1984 6 1.8 Average Annual Property Crimes by Type, 1975-1984 6 1.9 Property Crimes and Property Crime Rates, 1975-1984 6 Table 1.1 SECTION 2 Table 2.1 Forecasts of Index Crime in Arizona 10 SECTION 3 Murder Victims by Age, Sex, Race & Ethnic Origin: 1984 12 3.2 Robberies by Type of Weapon Used and Month: Arizona, 1984 15 3.3 Robberies by Location and Dollar Value Stolen: Arizona, 1984 15 3.4 Aggravated Assaults by Weapon Used: Arizona, 1984 16 3.5 Dollar Value of Objects Burglarized, by Location and Time: Arizona, 1984 18 3.6 Burglaries, by Means of Entry and by Month: Arizona, 1984 18 3.7 Dollar Value of Property Stolen in Larceny-Thefts, by Type: Arizona, 1984 19 3.8 Larceny-Thefts, by Dollar Value and Month: Arizona, 1984 20 3.9 Larceny-Thefts, by Type and Month: Arizona, 1984 20 3.10 Stolen Vehicles, by Type: Arizona, 1984 21 3.11 Stolen Vehicle Recoveries, by Situation and Month: Arizona, 1984 22 3.12 Arson Offenses by Property Type, Month and Dollar Value: Arizona, 1984 23 3.13 Arson Cases and Clearances by Property Classification and Dollar Value: Arizona, 1984 . . . 24 Table 3.1 SECTION 4 Arrests for Part I and Part II Offenses: 1975-84 25 4.2 Average Annual Index Crimes and % Cleared by Arrest: 1975-84 26 4.3 Males & Females Arrested for Index Crimes: 1975-84 26 4.4 Males & Females Arrested for Part II Offenses: 1975-84 27 4.5 Arrests by Race/Ethnic Origin for Violent, Property & Part II Crimes: 1984 29 4.6 % Distribution of Population & Total Arrests by Race/Ethnic Origin, 1980-84 29 4.7 % Distribution of Arrests for Index Crimes by Race/Ethnic Origin: 1980-84 29 4.8 Index Crime Arrests & Clearances: 1975-84 30 4.9 Clearances of Index Crimes: 1975-84 31 4.10 County Arrest Rates/1,000 Population: 1980-84 32 Table 5.1 Crime Index by County: 1980-84 36 5.2 Crime Rates by County: 1980-84 37 5.3 Adjusted Crime Rates by County: 1980-84 38 Arizona's Full-Time Law Enforcement Employees by Agency as of October 31, 1984 39 Officers Assaulted by Activity: Arizona, 1984 40 Table 4.1 SECTION 5 SECTION 6 Table 6.1 6.2 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 vi Population, Crime Index & Crime Rate: Annual % Changes Over 1975 1 2 Index Crime Rates per 1,000 Population by County: 1984 4 3 Index Crimes by Month: Arizona, 1976-1984 9 Part I offenses include: important to remember that the number of offenders does not determine the number of offenses. Violent Crimes Criminal Homicide or Murder Forcible Rape Robbery Aggravated Assault 1. 2. 3. 4. Property Crimes 5. 6. 7. 8. Burglary Larceny-Theft Motor Vehicle Theft Arson Note: These offenses are also referred to as the Index Crimes. These eight offenses are used to calculate the Crime Index and crime rate. Part II offenses include: 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. Other Assaults - Simple Forgery and Counterfeiting Fraud Embezzlement Stolen Property: Buying, Receiving, Possessing Vandalism Weapons: Carrying, Possessing, Etc. Prostitution Sex Offenses (Except forcible rape and prostitution) Narcotic Drug Laws Gambling Offenses Against Family and Children Driving Under the Influence Liquor Laws Drunkenness (not reported in Arizona) Disorderly Conduct Vagrancy All Other Offenses (except traffic) Suspicion (not reported in Arizona) Curfew and Loitering Law Violations (Juveniles) Runaways (Juveniles) Note: Only arrests are reported and counted for Part II offenses. All offenses are classified on the basis of law enforcement officer investigations in accordance with UCR offense definitions (which will not necessarily be identical to Arizona Criminal Code definitiona). Counting of Offenses The number of offenses is counted only for Part I crimes and simple assault. The method of counting xli varies with the type of crime committed, and it is For murder and non-negligent manslaughter, negligent manslaughter, rape, aggravated assault and simple assault, one offense is counted for each victim, regardless of the number of offenders involved. For robbery and larceny-theft, one offense is counted for each distinct operation which is separate in time and place. The number of victims in any one operation does not determine the number of offenses. For burglary, one offense is counted for each structure which is illegally entered. However, when the structure is an apartment house, business or office building in which units are leased for a period of time, one offense is counted for each unit burglarized. For motor vehicle theft, one offense is counted for each vehicle stolen. Note: Attempts to commit any of the above are also counted as offenses, except that attempts to kill and assaults to kill are counted as aggravated assaults. For multiple offenses that occur in one crime incident, only the most serious offense is counted. Part I crimes are ranked according to seriousness and appear in order from most serious to least serious under "Classification of Offenses," above. Clearances An offense is considered cleared (solved) when at least one offender is arrested for a crime, even though several may have been involved. Offenses may also be cleared by exceptional means when the offender: commits suicide; makes a dying declaration; confesses while in custody or serving time for another crime; is prosecuted in another jurisdiction for the same offense; is a juvenile who is handled by notifying the parentshwhen the victim refuses to prosecute or another jurisdiction refuses to extradite the offender. Clearances are counted as "adult" and "juvenile." A "juvenile" clearance is counted only when juveniles are exclusively involved in the clearance of an offense. If the arrest of both adults and juveniles results in a clearance, it is counted as an "adult" clearance. APPENDIX TABLES Index Crimes by County 53 2 Crime Index Frequency Distribution by Month: 1984 54 3 Dollar Value of Property Stolen, by Offense & by County: 1984 55 4 Dollar Value of Property Stolen & Recovered, by Month: 1984 56 5 Dollar Value of Property Stolen, by Offense & Month: 1984 57 6 Clearances by Offense & Month: 1984 58 7 Juvenile Male Arrests by Offense & Age: 1984 59 8 Juvenile Female Arrests by Offense & Age: 1984 60 9 Adult Male Arrests by Offense & Age: 1984 61 10 Adult Female Arrests by Offense & Age: 1984 62 11 Arrests by Offense, Sex and Race/Ethnic Origin: 1984 63 12 Violent Crime Arrests & Rates by Age: 1980-84 64 13 Property Crime Arrests & Rates by Age: 1980-84 65 14 Part II Offense Arrests & Rates by Age: 1980-84 66 15 Number of Arrests, Crimes & % Cleared by Arrest: 1975-1984 67 Table 1 vita ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SAFETY 2310 NORTH 20th AVENUE P. 0. BOX 6638 PHOENIX, ARIZONA 85005 (602) 262-8011 BRUCE BABBITT RALPH T. MILSTEAO GOVERNOR DIRECTOR FOREWORD After three years of continuous decline, reported crime in Arizona has started to rise again. There are many complex factors that have contributed to this reversal, not the least of which are the overall population trends taking place in our state, and the peculiar conditions dictated by our geography. Arizona has some of the world's most spectacular scenic wonders and it is also a border state. These factors have had some influence on the dynamics of crime. Another aspect of this reversal in trend pertains to the intensity with which violence rears its ugly head. The increase in violent crime is proportionately higher than the increase in property crime. This can be interpreted as worrisome, especially when viewed in the context of a steadily declining ratio of law enforcement officers to total state population. This puts the onus on our police officers and administrators to seek more creative solutions to day-to-day problems. But more importantly, the general public needs to be aware of the problems associated with crime, to be actively involved in the fight against it and to contribute to possible solutions as well as preventive strategies. It is hoped that the 1984 Crime in Arizona report will aid all concerned citizens in identifying what is happening in our state and in contributing to positive ideas for cooperation between the law enforcement community and the public at large. Ralph T. Milstead, Colonel Director Ix History, Purpose and Limitations of UCR Data HISTORY Of UNIFORM CRIME REPORTING The Committee on Uniform Crime Records of the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP) was established in 1927 to initiate a national program for collecting crime information. This Committee's responsibility was eventually turned over to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) in 1930, when the FBI received a Congressional mandate to collect and disseminate national crime information. The IACP has continued to serve the Uniform Crime Reporting Program (UCR) in an advisory capacity, and has been joined in this responsibility by the Committee on Crime Records of the National Sheriff's Association (NSA) as of 1966. The Arizona Uniform Crime Reporting (AUCR) Unit first began receiving voluntary crime information from Arizona law enforcement agencies in January 1975. Prior to this date these agencies submitted their crime data directly to the FBI. At the close of calendar year 1984, there were 94 law enforcement agencies contributing crime data to the Department of Public Safety's AUCR Unit. PURPOSE OF ARIZONA UCR Because increasing attention has been focused on the problem of crime in recent years, many segments of our population need more complete information for a variety of reasons. the statistics simply do not support. Great care should be taken to use the data in the report correctly. The following factors have varying degrees of influence on the statistics presented in this report: 1. Crimes committed on Indian reservations are not counted in the AUCR program, although reservation population is included in the state's population figures. (This limitation is addressed in Section 5 of this report.) 2. Crime rates are based on census-fixed police of populations residential jurisdictions. 3. Crime figures are police statistics as distinguished from the findings of a court, coroner, jury or decision of a prosecutor. 4. Density and size of community population. 5. Variations in composition of the population, particularly age structure. 6. Stability of population with respect to transient factors. 7. Climate and economic conditions. B. Effective strength of law enforcement agencies. Law enforcement professionals, managers and administrators must focus on crime in their own jurisdictions and also need to know what is occurring in surrounding jurisdictions in order to deploy personnel and equipment most efficiently. Researchers and planners need to know what is happening to predict trends and recommend changes. The goal of Crime in Arizona is to identify the nature and extent of criminal activity in this state and present the information needed by each of these groups. This information will not in itself prevent crime, but it may encourage all segments of society to work together with law enforcement agencies to reduce crime through more effective enforcement and crime prevention programs. LIMITATIONS AND CONSIDERATIONS FOR INTERPRETATION Statistics are a tool used to summarize information All so that patterns or trends become clearer. statistics must be interpreted with an understanding of what is being said. Too often information of the type in this report is used to draw conclusions that 9. Attitudes of citizenry toward crime. 10. Crime reporting practices of citizenry. Apart from the crimes on Indian reservations not being counted, there were three reporting agencies which were unable to provide complete data to the AUCR in 1984. This compares with two agencies which could not do so in 1983. Failure to receive data from two of these agencies in 1984 did not affect the overall crime rate because these agencies served The third less than 1% of Arizona's population. agency submitted data for 8 of the 12 months in 1984. Estimates were then calculated for the missing months and added to the total. Classification of Offenses UCR divides offenses into two major classifications which are designated Part I and Part II offenses. This distinction is important to keep in mind because different information is collected for each. xi Part I offenses include: important to remember that the number of offenders does not determine the number of offenses. Violent Crimes Criminal Homicide or Murder Forcible Rape Robbery Aggravated Assault 1. 2. 3. 4. Property Crimes 5. 6. 7. 8. Burglary Larceny-Theft Motor Vehicle Theft Arson Note: These offenses are also referred to as the Index Crimes. These eight offenses are used to calculate the Crime Index and crime rate. Part II offenses include: 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. Other Assaults - Simple Forgery and Counterfeiting Fraud Embezzlement Stolen Property: Buying, Receiving, Possessing Vandalism Weapons: Carrying, Possessing, Etc. Prostitution Sex Offenses (Except forcible rape and prostitution) Narcotic Drug Laws Gambling Offenses Against Family and Children Driving Under the Influence Liquor Laws Drunkenness (not reported in Arizona) Disorderly Conduct Vagrancy All Other Offenses (except traffic) Suspicion (not reported in Arizona) Curfew and Loitering Law Violations (Juveniles) Runaways (Juveniles) Note: Only arrests are reported and counted for Part II offenses. All offenses are classified on the basis of law enforcement officer investigations in accordance with UCR offense definitions (which will not necessarily be identical to Arizona Criminal Code definitiona). Counting of Offenses The number of offenses is counted only for Part I crimes and simple assault. The method of counting xli varies with the type of crime committed, and it is For murder and non-negligent manslaughter, negligent manslaughter, rape, aggravated assault and simple assault, one offense is counted for each victim, regardless of the number of offenders involved. For robbery and larceny-theft, one offense is counted for each distinct operation which is separate in time and place. The number of victims in any one operation does not determine the number of offenses. For burglary, one offense is counted for each structure which is illegally entered. However, when the structure is an apartment house, business or office building in which units are leased for a period of time, one offense is counted for each unit burglarized. For motor vehicle theft, one offense is counted for each vehicle stolen. Note: Attempts to commit any of the above are also counted as offenses, except that attempts to kill and assaults to kill are counted as aggravated assaults. For multiple offenses that occur in one crime incident, only the most serious offense is counted. Part I crimes are ranked according to seriousness and appear in order from most serious to least serious under "Classification of Offenses," above. Clearances An offense is considered cleared (solved) when at least one offender is arrested for a crime, even though several may have been involved. Offenses may also be cleared by exceptional means when the offender: commits suicide; makes a dying declaration; confesses while in custody or serving time for another crime; is prosecuted in another jurisdiction for the same offense; is a juvenile who is handled by notifying the parentshwhen the victim refuses to prosecute or another jurisdiction refuses to extradite the offender. Clearances are counted as "adult" and "juvenile." A "juvenile" clearance is counted only when juveniles are exclusively involved in the clearance of an offense. If the arrest of both adults and juveniles results in a clearance, it is counted as an "adult" clearance. Property Stolen and Recovered The figures for value of property stolen and recovered report the value at each point in time. Although property can increase in value over time, it is more likely that stolen property will be recovered in a damaged condition. Therefore, recovery value does not necessarily represent a "clearance rate" for stolen property, and one cannot use it to determine law enforcement effectiveness in recovering stolen goods. Because stolen and recovered property figures indicate thefts and recoveries in the current year, it is important to note that recovered property may have been stolen in a previous year. In addition, the type and value of stolen or recovered property is reported only for Part I offenses and does not include such Part II offenses as fraud, forgery or embezzlement. Arrests Arrest information is collected for all Part I and Part II offenses according to the age, sex and race of the offender. It is not possible, however, to correlate race with sex or specific ages because the information is collected independently, thus limiting analysis. Furthermore, arrest figures cannot be directly related to the number of crimes cleared because arrest totals count all offenders arrested for each offense, and clearance totals count only the offenses for which an arrest(s) or exceptional clearances have occurred. Reporting Variations and Procedures One must be aware that unintentional variations from UCR guidelines may occur that would affect the validity of the data presented in this report. Also, UCR statistics are based on crimes that are reported to law enforcement agencies, whereas many crimes are not reported. In 1984, UCR reports were received from ninety-four law enforcement agencies. Each contributing agency was responsible for compiling its own monthly reports. To aid in this endeavor, the Arizona UCR guide manual and the FBI UCR handbook were supplied to all contributors. These manuals outline reporting procedures in detail and are complete with examples and illustrations. Additionally, our Field Representatives instruction and provided clarification as required. x HI Arizona Crime Clock, 1984 INDEX CRIMES one MURDER every 37 hours one RAPE every 7 hours one ROBBERY every 2 hours one VIOLENT CRIME every 34 minutes one AGGRAVATED ASSAULT every 52 minutes one BURGLARY every 10 minutes one INDEX CRIME every 3 minutes one LARCENY-THEFT every 4 minutes one MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT every 45 minutes one PROPERTY CRIME every 3 minutes one ARSON every 6 hours The Crime Clock should not be taken to imply a regularity in the commission of Part I offenses. As the most aggregate representation of UCR data, it simply represents the annual ratio of crime to fixed time intervals. xi v 1984 Summary of Arizona Crimes and Arrests. CRIME INDEX - For the first time since 1980, the number of reported index crimes (Part I) in Arizona increased from 190,101 in 1983 to 199,221 in 1984. This represents a 4.8% annual increase, marking a reversal of the downward trend first recorded in 1981. The change in the Crime Index is partly accounted for by an estimated 4.5% increase in the state's population which occurred during the period. CRIME RATE - The crime rate which has also been declining since 1980, increased by less than 1% (0.6), from 64.5 index crimes per thousand population in 1983 to 64.9 in 1984. Although the increase in the crime rate may appear insignificant, the fact that it has a positive mathematical value (as compared to the -8.4% decline recorded in 1983) shows that an important shift has taken place. VIOLENT CRIMES - The number of violent crimes rose from 14,556 in 1983 to 15,690 in 1984. This translates to a 7.8% increase in crimes against persons. It is important to note that the percent increases in violent crimes (the more serious offenses) are higher than the growth in property crimes. PROPERTY CRIMES - There were 183,531 property crimes reported to Arizona law enforcement officers in 1984. The number was 4.5% higher than the 175,545 reported in 1983. MURDER - 238 people were victims of murder in 1984, or 30 more than were reported in 1983. This indicated a 14.4% increase and represents the biggest percent change of all the index crimes. However, murder and nonnegligent manslaughter constitute only one-tenth of one percent of all index crimes. FORCIBLE RAPE - 1,316 incidents of forcible rape (which includes attempts to rape), were reported in 1984, up 6.3% from the 1,238 recorded in 1983. ROBBERY - There were 4,005 robberies reported during the year, up 2.2% from the 3,917 reported in 1983. The percentage increase in robberies was the smallest of all index crimes. AGGRAVATED ASSAULT - This category of crime was the most numerous of all violent crimes, with 10,131 reported. The 1984 number was a 10.2% increase over the 9,193 reported in 1983. BURGLARY - The total number of burglaries reported to the police increased by 5.9% from 49,201 in 1983 to 52,093 in 1984. LARCENY-THEFT - With 118,186 during 1984, Larceny-Theft is the most commonly reported crime in the Arizona Uniform Crime Reporting System and accounts for about 60% of the total Crime Index. The 1984 number was a 3.4% increase from the 114,344 reported in 1983. MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT - 11,691 motor vehicles were reported stolen in Arizona in 1984, a 10.9% increase over the 10,539 reported in 1983. Thefts of motor vehicles showed the largest percent increase of all property crimes. ARSON - 1,561 incidents of arson were reported in 1984, the number being 6.8% higher than the 1,461 reported in 1983. Although in terms of absolute numbers, arson represents the smallest of all property crimes, it had the second largest percent increase during the period indicated. TOTAL ARRESTS - There were a total of 163,226 arrests carried out by law enforcement officers in 1984, a growth of 2.0% over the 160,024 recorded in 1983. Of those arrested, 78% were adults and 22% were juveniles. CRIME INDEX ARRESTS - 41,648 (26%) of all arrests were for crime index offenses. This number is almost 5% greater than the 39,858 crime index arrests carried out in 1983. 64% of all arrests in this group were for Larceny-Theft. This number ARRESTS FOR PART II OFFENSES - 74% or 121,578 of all arrests were for Part II Offenses. represents only a slight increase (1%) over the 120,162 arrests in this group during 1983. The biggest single category of arrests was for Driving Under the Influence which accounted for about 23% of all Part II arrests. CLEARANCES - There were 43,568 clearances recorded in 1984, a 6.4% increase compared with 1983. About 97% of all clearances consisted of arrests and the remainder were due to "exceptional circumstances." * See Glossary in the Appendix for definitions. xv SECT/ON 1: AN OVERVIEW OF INDEX CRIME IN ARIZONA CRIME INDEX AND CRIME RATES ARIZONA VS. U.S. Crime in Arizona took an upturn in 1984, reversing a three-year downward trend first recorded in 1981 after a ten-year peak was reached in 1980. This shift in the State trend is especially noteworthy since it is contrary to the national trend which continued to decrease during 1984 (see Table 1.1). A total of 199,221 crimes were reported to law enforcement agencies in the State last year compared to 190,101 reported in 1983. This represented an increase of 4.8%, while nationally the number of reported crimes decreased by 2% according to figures released by the FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting Section. The crime rate, which had also been declining since 1980, leveled off and showed a slight (0.6%) increase, rising from 64.5 index crimes per thousand population in 1983 to 64.9 in 1984. Although the percentage increase in the crime rate may appear insignificant, the fact that it has a positive mathematical value (as compared to the -8.4% recorded in 1983) suggests that crime trends and anti-crime policies and practices in Arizona should be monitored more closely. 1 POPULATION, CRIME INDEX AND CRIME RATE ANNUAL PERCENTAGE CHANGES OVER 1975: ARIZONA. 1970-1954 1 30 00 10 However, many western states exhibit crime rates comparable to that of Arizona, which indicates that the West generally has higher rates than the rest of the country. The following table shows how Arizona ranked with the other states that had the highest crime rates in 19042/ Rank Order 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 State Florida Nevada Michigan ARIZONA Colorado California Oregon New Mexico Alaska Texas Crime Rate/ 1000 Population 68.21 65.61 65.56 64.99 64.71 64.68 62.44 62.43 61.15 60.29 VIOLENT VS. PROPERTY CRIMES There was an across-the-board increase in all components of the 1984 Arizona Crime Index, whereas nationally, increases were recorded only for rape, aggravated assaults, motor vehicle theft and arson. Of particular concern is the fact that Arizona's violent crimes (the more serious offenses) rose proportionately more than property crimes. Violent crimes went up by 7.8% during 1984, while property crimes increased by a smaller 4.5%. The overall crime index growth of 4.8% is basically a description of the property crime categories since they comprise 92% of all index crimes (see Table 1.2). Quarterly changes in both violent and property crimes are revealing both for insight into the seasonal aspects of reported crime and for indications of The when trend changes occur (see Table 1.3). - 30 1978 1976 1977 1979 1979 1980 1981 1901 1983 199♦ 911/Or Arizona's crime rate has been consistently higher than the U.S. average during the decade from 1975 through 1984. Arizona's annual average crime rate for the period was 75.1 crimes per 1,000 population, as compared to 53,9 for the country as a whole. 1/ The statistical data contained in this report include estimates representing missing data for one fairly large reporting For jurisdiction in Maricopa County. details about the methodology of estimation procedures, please contact the Department of Public Safety, OMA Section (262-8082). 2/ Federal Bureau of Investigation, U.S. Department of Justice, Crime in the United States, July 28, 1985. 1/ U.S. AND ARIZONA CRIME INDEX & CRIME RATES: 1975-1984 Table 1.1 U.S. crt.43opr.%a%a-zrr•-•cn 11,292,400 11,394,700 10,984,500 11,209,000 12,249,500 13,348,300 13,423,800 12,974,400 12,108,600 11,881,800 • • 0• • • • • CI N' t Ce4 CN OK C2, 1.1 %a ...I + I + 4- + + i I I 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 % CHANGE FROM PRIOR YEAR CRIME RATE/ 1,000 POPULATION ARIZONA 52.9 52.8 50.7 51.4 55.6 59.5 58.6 56.0 51.7 50.3 183,026 177,153 176,346 178,430 194,546 223,643 214,447 203,307 190,101 199,221 CRIME % CHANGE1 RATE/ FROM 1,000 PRIOR POPULATION YEAR -3.2 -0.5 +1.2 +9.0 +15.0 -4.1 -5.2 -6.5 +4.8 82.4 78.0 76.8 75.8 79.4 82.3 76.6 70.4 64.5 64.9 Source: Federal Bureau of Investigation, U.S. Dept. of Justice Crime in the U.S., 1984, pp. 41 & 42. Arizona DPS, Arizona Uniform Crime Report, 1975-1984. CRIME INDEX AND PERCENT CHANGE: ARIZONA, 1983 and 1984 • increase in violent crimes was evident in the first quarter of 1984. As the year progressed, the quarterly increases over comparable periods in 1983 became even more dramatic. Quarterly increases in property crime were not conspicuous until the latter half of 1984, i.e., the downward trend was still evident during the first half of the year. Table 1.2 1983 1984 CHANGE VIOLENT CRIMES STOLEN AND RECOVERED PROPERTY The value of property stolen in the commission of index crimes during 1984 exceeded $135 million. This is an 11% increase over 1983. The recovery rate was 26.7%, marking a 9% increase in recovery from 1983. Murder and NonNegligent Manslaughter 208 238 +14.4 Forcible Rape 1,238 1,316 +6.3 Robbery 3,917 4,005 +2.2 Aggravated Assault 9,193 10,131 +10.2 14,556 15,690 +7.8 49,201 52,093 +5.9 114,344 118,186 +3.4 Sub-Total Property crimes accounted for 97.5% of stolen property reported, with burglary netting the highest amount. The average value per incident within property crimes was $345.58, while the average value of property stolen in the commission of a violent crime was $212.72. Negligible amounts of property were stolen in connection with the crimes of homicide and rape. Urban areas (Maricopa and Pima Counties) reported 85% of the total dollar value of stolen property, which was slightly less than the 87% reported in 1983. 2 As shown on Table 4 (see Appendix), the type of stolen property with the highest value was vehicles, which represented 33% of the total. Likewise, vehicles had the highest recovery rate (62.5%) in terms of value. PROPERTY CRIMES Burglary Larceny-Theft Motor Vehicle Theft 10,539 11,691 +10.9 1,461 1,561 +6.8 Sub-Total 175,545 183,531 +4.5 TOTAL 190,101 199,221 +4.8 Arson CONSIDERATIONS OF WHY THE TREND CHANGED No empirical research has been conducted to evaluate various reasons for the 1984 increase in crime or to determine which factors had the greatest influence. Nevertheless, some theories can be advanced on the basis of prior research, criminal justice theory and common sense. With these limitations, the following factors are discussed: population growth, transient population, changes in enforcement and reporting policy, and recidivism by previously incarcerated offenders. Therefore, it is not too surprising that the Arizona Crime Index increased by 4.8% in 1984 when the State's estimated population increased by 4.5%1/ Furthermore, since 90% of the resident population increase during 1984 occurred in the metropolitan areas of Maricopa and Pima Counties, it is not surprising that the crime rates in these counties were higher than the Statewide averageN Crime rates for these metropolitan areas were 69.5 for Maricopa County and 76.7 for Pima County, whereas the average crime rate for Arizona was 64.9 per 1,000 population. Population Growth: Barring other mitigating influences, population increases will generally result in a greater number of reported crimes. Furthermore, national studies show that heavily urbanized and metropolitan areas typically have higher crime rates than suburban and rural areas. Transient Population: The crime index in Arizona is also influenced by the number of undocumented aliens and non-resident transients, although the precise extent of their involvement is unknown. While there are no official estimates on the number of illegal aliens in Arizona, the U.S. Immigration & QUARTERLY PERCENT CHANGE OF VIOLENT 6 PROPERTY CRIMES: ARIZONA 1983-84 Table 1.3 VIOLENT CRIMES 1983 1984 JAN FEB MAR 1st Qtr 1,118 1,086 1.160 3,364 1,125 1,101 1,204 3,430 APR MAY JUN 2nd Qtr 1,273 1,202 1,194 3,669 1,139 1,505 1,329 3,973 JUL AUG SEP 3rd Qtr 1,282 1,348 1,414 4,044 1,502 1,442 1,492 4,436 OCT NOV DEC 4th Qtr 1,338 990 11n1 -17479 TOTAL 14,556 QUARTER PROPERTY CRIMES CHANGE 1983 1984 CHANGE +2.0 15,051 14,161 15,638 44,850 14,856 14,171 14 900 43,927 -2.1 +8.3 14,292 14,046 13,307 41,645 13,898 14,019 13,059 41,376 -0.2 +9.7 14,560 16,239 111.2.22§_ 45,705 16,019 17,062 15,656 48,737 +6.6 1,342 1,194 1,315 3,851 +10.7 15,356 13,365 14,624 43,345 16,145 15,997 17,149 49,291 +13.7 15,690 +7.8 175,545 183,531 +4.5 3/ Department of Economic Security., Population Statistics Unit, December 1984. Naturalization Service apprehended almost 110,000 illegal aliens in 1984,1/ a 5% increase over the number apprehended in 1983. Thus, there is reason to believe that the undocumented population contributed to the increase in crime. 4/ Subject to the limitations discussed in Section 5. 5/ U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service, Phoenix District Office. In addition, the Governor's Office of Tourism estimates that 16.3 million people visited Arizona in 1984. This represented an increase of 17% over the estimate for 1983. Therefore, this large transient 3 Figur* 2 INDEX CRIME RATES PER 1,000 POPULATION BY COUNTY: ARIZONA, 1984 Coconino 64.14 Mohave 64.19 Navajo 33.35 Apache 10.00 Yavapai 33.12 La Paz 52.52 Gila 26.70 Maricopa 69.45 #000•0■11, Greenlee 24.65 Pinal 51.65 Graham 23.29 Yuma 57.84 limr■ ariammgmems immis........rommmorimom \11 11 Pima 76.73 Cochisa 39.30 Santa Cruz 64.98 ARIZONA: 64.89 4 population could also have had some unquantifiable influence on the Crime Index, both from the standpoint of targets of crimes (i.e., victims) or as perpetrators. ARIZONA INDEX CRIMES AND CRIME RATES BY COUNTY, 1984 Table 1.5 INDEX POPULATION CRIMES COUNTY The above factors may be significant when analyzing crime trends for individual counties. Consider, for example, Mohave County. It adjoins Nevada and California and has a high transient population, especially related to the Colorado River and its close proximity to Laughlin, Nevada. Mohave County had the largest increase in crime (25.2%) of all Arizona counties (see Table 1.5). It reported increases of 19% for robberies, 38% for burglaries, 24% for larceny-thefts and 36% for arson. Apache 52,100 521 +4.8 10.0 Cochise 91,200 3,586 +10.4 39.3 Coconino 82,400 5,285 +7.9 64.1 Cue 37,900 1,012 -10.9 26.7 Graham 24,000 559 -23.5 23.2 Greenlee 11,400 281 +2.6 24.6 La Paz* 13,500 709 -24.9 52.5 1,731,100 120,228 +5,7 69.4 Mohave 65,200 4.185 +25.2 64.1 Navajo 71,000 2,368 -1.5 33.5 603,300 46,291 +3.3 76.7 Pinal 98,500 5,088 -9.8 51.6 Santa Cruz 22,500 1,462 +21.5 64.9 Yavapai 81,200 2,689 -4.2 33.1 Yuma 85,700 4,957 +11.4 57.8 3,071,000 199,221 +4.8 64.9 Maricopa Santa Cruz County adjoins Mexico, with major border crossings and high transient and illegal alien popuIt reported the next largest percent lations. increase in index crimes (21.3%). Its 45.5% increase in robberies was substantial, as were growth in larceny-theft (29%), burglaries (15%) and motor vehicle theft (14%). VALUE OF PROPERTY STOLEN AND RECOVERED BY YEAR FOR INDEX OFFENSES:* ARIZONA, 1975 - 1984 1984 CRIME RATE/1,000 POPULATION % CHANGE FROM 1983 Pima TOTAL (in $ millions) * In 1982, Yuma and La Paz Counties were reported as one county. La Paz was created as a new county in January. 1983. Table 1.4 % CHANGE FROM PRIOR YEAR STOLEN 1975 63.6 1976 59.8 - 6.0 15.6 - 4.3 1977 64.4 + 7.7 20.0 +28.2 1978 74.5 +15.7 23.6 +18.0 1979 95.4 +28.1 30.5 +29.2 1980 136.0 +42.6 34.0 +11.5 AVERAGE ANNUAL VIOLENT CRIMES BY TYPE: 1981 137.4 + 1.0 31.1 - 8.5 ARIZONA, 1975-1983 AND 1984 1982 118.0 -14.1 27.2 -12.5 1983 121.6 + 3.0 33.0 +21.3 1984 135.3 +11.3 36.1 + 9.4 - RECOVERED % CHANGE FROM PRIOR YEAR YEAR 16.3 - In terms of the crime rate (the number of reported crimes in relation to the resident population), Pima led the list of counties which had rates higher than the State average of 64.9 per 1,000 population. The others were Maricopa and Santa Cruz (see Figure 2)- Table 1.6 I 1 NINE-YEAR AVERAGE TYPE *Note The f gures are not adjusted for inflation. Property recovered in any given year may not necessarily relate to property reported stolen in that year. After Mohave and Santa Cruz Counties, those counties with percent increases in index crimes larger than the State average of 4.8% were Yuma (11.4%), Cochise (10.4%) and Coconino (7.9%). Like Santa Cruz, Yuma and Cochise Counties are situated on the border with Mexico, and Coconino includes the Grand Canyon and other major recreational areas. All of these counties have large numbers of tourists, as do Maricopa, Pima and La Paz Counties. 1 .14048ER i PERCENT % 1984 Murder 217 1.5 1.5 Rape 999 7.3 8.4 Robbery 4,068 29.6 25.5 Aggravated Assault 8,472 61,6 64.6 13,756 100.0 100.0 TOTAL 6 VIOLENT CRIMES AND VIOLENT CRIME RATE BY YEAR: ARIZONA, 1975 - 1984 Table 1.7 VIOLENT % OF TOTAL VIOLENT CRIME RATE PER I CHANGE PRIOR YEAR 1■ 000 POPULATION 5.38 - 1975 11,942 6.5 1976 10,207 5.8 -14.5 4.50 1977 11,232 6.4 +10.0 4.89 1978 12,963 7.3 +15.4 5.51 1979 14,504 7.6 +11.9 5.92 1980 17,640 B.0 +21.6 6.49 1981 16,081 7.6 - 8.8 5.74 1982 14,688 7.3 - 8.7 5.09 1983 14,556 7.7 - 0.9 4.94 1984 15,690 7.9 + 7.8 5.11 Changes in Enforcement & Reporting Policy: Policy changes within a particular law enforcement Jurisdiction can also affect the number of crimes and arrests reported. These changes, which may result directly from changes to the law, enforcement emphasis or administrative procedures dealing with the reporting of crime, may cause fluctuations in the numbers of reported crimes. For example, the policy of the Phoenix Police Department was changed in 1984 to reflect a more aggressive response to domestic violence, which Increased reporting includes aggravated assault. and arrests may be attributable to this policy change Between 1983 and 1984, the Phoenix Police Department reported a 34% increase in the number of aggravated assaults. Furthermore, there was a 159% increase in assaults on Phoenix police officers. This latter statistic resulted partly from a change in coding policy-71 Previous underreportings of certain categories of offenses were also identified in the course of a training program. These were corrected to make the reported numbers more closely conform to the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Uniform Crime Report definitions. Similar policy and reporting changes were reported by other jurisdictions in Maricopa County. For example, the Glendale Police Department recorded a large increase in reported crimes in 1984 under a new program called "Case Management" in which changes in crime reporting procedures were carried out.8/ Not all of the increases, however, should be attributed to changes in policy and reporting procedures, but an understanding of these factors should help in interpreting increases in the Arizona Crime Index. AVERAGE ANNUAL PROPERTY CRIMES BY TYPE: ARIZONA, 1975-1983 AND 1984 PROPERTY CRIMES AND PROPERTY CRIME RATE BY YEAR: ARIZONA, 1975 - 1984' Table 1.8 Table 1.9 NINE-YEAR AVERAGE NUMBED PERCENT TYPE Burglary 1975 171,084 93.5 - 77.06 53,210 29.5 28.4 1976 166,946 94.2 -2.4 73.54 114,377 63.4 64.4 1977 165,114 93.6 -1.1 71.91 Motor Vehicle Theft 11,008 6.1 1978 165,467 92.7 +0.2 70.29 6.4 1979 180,042 92.4 +8.8 73.49 Arson (1979-83 only 1,949 1.0 0.8 1980 206,003 92.0 +4.4 75.79 1981 198,366 92.4 -3.7 70.84 100.0 100.0 1982 188,619 92.8 -4.9 65.34 1983 175,545 92.3 -6.9 59.56 1984 183,545 92.1 .+4,5 59.76 Larceny-Theft TOTAL 180,544 6/ Letter from City of Phoenix Police Department, Planning and Research Bureau. 7/ City of Phoenix Police Department, 1984 Annual Report. 8/ 6 PROPERTY CRIME RATE PER % CHANGE PROPERTY % OF TOTAL CRIMES INDEX CR IMES FROM PRIOR YEAR 1,000 POPULATI % 1984 Letter from Glendale Police Department. * Includes arson from 1979 onwards Recidivism: Another factor that should be taken into account in assessing why crimes and crime rates are increasing is the largely unmeasured (in Arizona) recidivism rates of so-called "career criminals."2/ According to the Department of Corrections Planning Bureau, an estimated average of 2,500 convicted felons were released annually from the Arizona State Prison in the last five years. How much of Arizona's crime is committed by previously incarcerated offenders is still unknown. However, "career criminals" are regarded as being responsible for the vast majority (one estimate claims 70%) of robberies and burglaries nationwideag/ Summary: The increases in the Arizona Crime Index should be viewed in light of these and other factors. But if this upward trend continues, it will not bode well for criminal justice in view of the decline in the Statewide ratio of law enforcement officers to resident ppulation in recent years (see Section 6). It should also be noted that in most instances police officers function in a reactive mode - i.e., they are called to the scene of a crime after it has been committed. On the other hand, police agencies make a concerted effort to be proactive in working with the community. Many police agencies have community relations units that work to involve the public in crime prevention programs (e.g., neighborhood crime watch and reporting programs). However, in the ultimate analysis, responsibility for the prevention of many crimes still rests with the community at large, and with society's ability to mitigate the conditions that foster violence, psychopathy, alcohol and drug dependency, and conscious disregard for the law. 9/ A 1985 Rand Corp. study of convicted felons in California entitled Granting Felons Public Risks and Alternatives Probation: showed that 65% were rearrested while still on probation, 51% were convicted of a new crime and 34% were reincarcereted. The study was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Justice. 10/ "Career Criminals Targeted," Crime Control Digest, March 11, 1985. 7 PROJECTIONS In the 1983 Crime in Arizona publication, index crimes were projected to level off in 1984-85, after a significant three-year decline that started in 1981. This prediction was fulfilled during the first part of 1984 as shown in Figure 3, However, the Crime Index rose unexpectedly fast through the balance of 1984. If this trend continues, crime figures for 1985 and 1986 should approximate the forecasts in Table 2.1. FORECASTS OF INDEX CRIME IN ARIZONA Table 2.1 MONTH JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL MAY JUNE JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBER TOTALS 10 95% 1985 CONFIDENCE FORECASTS INTERVAL 18,533 17,968 19,074 17,779 17,648 17,179 18,486 19,510 18,141 18,628 17,611 18,725 219,282 + 557 787 964 1114 1245 1364 1473 1575 1670 1761 1847 1929 -- 95% 1986 CONFIDENCE FORECASTS INTERVAL 18,794 18,229 19,335 18,040 17,909 17,441 18,747 19,771 18,403 18,889 17,873 18,986 + 2035 — 2135 2231 2323 2412 2497 2580 2660 2737 2813 2886 2958 222,417 -- SECTION 3: ANALYSIS OF INDEX CRIMES HURCE R in 1984, the same number as were arrested in 1983. Of this number, 93% were adults and 85% were males. There were 238 murders (also known as criminal homicides) reported to police agencies in * Clearances for murder decreased by 6.1% from 164 Arizona in 1984, up 14.4% from 1983. in 1983 to 154 in 1984. The murder rate rose to 7.75 victims per 100,000 f pure 5 resident population in 1984, compared to 7.06 in 1983. MURDER VICTIM/PERPETRATOR RELATIONSHIP: ARIZONA, 1084 14411LYMEIAWA 05040M44-W.W 14% Figura 4 1151:141MMMICVMO*1:41 2411 MURDER - QUARTERLY CHANGES IN OFFENSES: ARIZONA,1983 AND 1984 FREW 211. 5171APPER 1511. 11011141510/131FILFREND 411 L,411501,M 41% • At least 44% of all murder victims were killed by acquaintances, neighbors, relatives or friends. * 85% of all murders occurred in Maricopa, Pima and Pinal counties. Figure 0 MURDERS BY TYPE OF WEAPON USED: ARIZONA, 1984 HANDGUN RIFLE/SHOTGUN UNKNOWN FIREARM 0 a. • • SHARP OBJECT BLUNT OBJECT HANDS FISTS. AND FEET 18T 2ND 3RD OTHER WEAPONS 4TH Quert•r III to • lilt 20 SO 40 50 60 70 80 90 Murders During the ten-year period 1975 to 1984, the lowest annual number of criminal homicides was reported in 1976 (193), and the highest was reported in 1980 (276). * • A total of 179 persons were arrested for murder Murder comprised only 0.1% of the total crime index and 1.5% of all violent offenses. 11 Figure/ MURDER - ANNUAL % CHANGE OVER 11175: ARIZONA, 15703-1904 2U a -20 75 76 75 77 79 21 60 62 65 24 TOW CP 20f S 1175 7924 ∎294% CRIME FIA IL ',Caw, IRIS 1924 651. MURDER VICTIMS, BY AGE, SEX, RACE & ETHNIC ORIGIN; ARIZONA, 1984 Table 3.1 AGE NUMBER SEX M F WHITE RACE, BLACK INDIAN ASIAN ETHNIC* ORI IN H N INFANT 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 - 4 10 4.2 3 7 8 1 0 1 1 9 5 - 9 4 1.7 1 3 1 3 0 0 0 4 10 - 14 6 2.5 4 2 6 0 0 0 1 5 15 - 19 20 8.4 12 8 16 2 2 0 11 9 20 - 24 39 16.4 27 12 36 1 2 0 11 28 25 - 29 36 15.1 31 5 33 2 1 0 11 25 30 - 34 30 12.6 28 2 24 6 0 0 5 25 35 - 39 15 6.3 12 3 13 2 0 0 5 10 40 - 44 14 5.9 12 2 12 2 0 0 6 8 45 - 49 14 5.9 13 1 11 2 1 0 2 12 50 - 54 9 3.8 B 1 7 2 0 0 2 7 55 - 59 6 2.5 5 1 6 0 0 0 0 6 60 - 64 9 3.8 6 3 7 2 0 0 1 8 65 -69 4 1.7 3 1 3 0 0 1 2 2 70 - 74 6 2.5 2 4 5 1 0 0 0 6 75 - over 9 3.8 2 7 9 0 0 0 2 7 UNKNOWN AGE 7 2.9 6 1 6 1 0 0 3 4 TOTALS 238 100.0 175 63 203 27 6 2 63 175 DISTRIBUTION 100% 11% 3% 1% 26% ADULT 201 87.0 157 44 175 20 5 1 53 148 30 13.0 12 18 22 6 1 1 7 23 JUVENILE * H = Hispanic N = Non-Hispanic 12 % DIST. 74% 26% 85% 74% RAPE RAPE - ANNUALS CHANGE OVER 1976: ARIZONA. 1E76- 1084 • There were 1,316 incidents of forcible rape reported to the police in 1984. This number is 6.3% higher than the 1,238 reported in 1983. Flours RAPE - QUARTERLY CHANGES IN OFFENSES: ARIZONA, 1013 AND 1984 1983 75 76 77 75 70 •o •1 IS as 04 Y••7 CA IMES % Cnbrmr. 1975 1954 • Et .3% CRIME ii•TE % Chang, 1975-1954 .23 5 % Clearances for rape increased by 46% from 359 in 1983 to 525 in 1984. * Rape comprised 8.4% of all violent crimes and U.7% of the total crime index. O ffsns•s * 1ST 2ND 3RD 4TH Quarter * Of the above number, 73% were actual rapes, while 27% were attempts to commit rape. • The rate for reported rapes in 1984 was 43 victims per 100,000 population, compared to 42 in 1983. Since only females can be victimized according to the FBI UCR definition, the "victim rate" was 84.4 per 100,000 resident females in 1984. * f total of 322 persons were arrested for rape in 1984, five fewer than were arrested in 1983. Of this number, 99.4% were males, 8.4% of whom were juveniles. 13 ROBBERY * Almost 60% of the robberies involved the use of dangerous weapons. Robberies were up 2.2% in 1984, with 4,005 incidents as compared to 3,917 in 1983. * RORRERY - ANNUAL % CHANGE OVER 1075; ARIZONA, 1970- 19114 • The robbery rate decreased slightly from 132.9 per 100,000 population in 1983 to 130.4 in 1984. 0 Percent Chen 30 Figure 10 ROBBERY - QUARTERLY CHANGES IN OFFENSES: ARIZONA, 1083 AND 1964 20 CR1MO o77 10 .10 1080 -- [ 1868 CR..11142 RATE .20 E 1864 -30 7s 76 Tr 74 is 46 51 CFRIAE$ S C74.44. 11164-1944; .41474. du YE RATE It Caanp.1078-142AL 82 83 84 -222,6 980 840 - • 1,049 arrests for robbery were made in 1984, which was 11.6% fewer than in 1983. Of this number, 91% were males and just under 80% were adults. 720 - 000 • • • C e ... q6460 - • There were 1,126 clearances for robbery during the year, a decline of 9.3% from the 1,242 clearances in 1983. • There were an average!' of 334 robberies committed each month. The highest number of robberies occurred during the months of November and December. • Robberies accounted for 25.5% of all 1984 violent crimes and 2.0% of the total crime index. 360 - 240 - 120 - 0 1ST 2ND 3RD Quarter 4711 • An estimated $3.3 million was stolen in connection with the commission of robberies in 1984, an increase of 18.6% over the $2.7 million stolen in 1983. Most of the losses were sustained in robberies committed either on highways, streets, alleys, etc. (28.8%), in commercial establishments (26.3%), or in residences (24.7%). 1/ 14 The term average used here and throughout the report refers to the arithmetic mean. ROBBERIES BY TYPE OF WEAPON USED AND BY MONTH: ARIZONA, 1984 Table 3.2 WEAPON ‘ TOTAL FIREARM 1,534 38.4% 533 FEB MARAPR MAY JUN, JUL. AUG SEP OCT NOY DEC 129 167 135 107 115 110 107 124 102 134 150 154 13.3% 37 28 42 41 47 47 44 33 47 52 56 59 274 6.8% 13 22 33 22 13 23 25 20 21 23 23 36 STRONG-ARM 1,658 41.5% 97 107 147 113 167 129 151 160 140 130 149 168 TOTALS 3,999 100% 324 357 283 342 309 327 337 310 339 378 417 KNIFE OR CUTTING INSTRUMENT OTHER RANG. WEAPON DISTRIBUTION DIS T, JAN r 276 7% 100% 8% 9% 7% 9% 8% 8% 8% 8% 9% 95 10% ROBBERIES BY LOCATION AND DOLLAR VALUE STOLENi ARIZONA, 1984 fable 3.3 TOTAL DOLLAR VALUE STOLEN AVERAGE DOLLAR VALUE STOLEN NUMBER Of OFFENSES DISTRIBUTION 1,884 47.1% 710 17.8% 862,817 1,215.24 183 4.6% 46,350 253.28 CONVENIENCE STORE 391 9.8% 108,799 278.26 RESICENCE 517 12.9% 812,925 1,572.39 98 2.4% 232,970 2,377.24 5.4% 275,555 1,275.72 LOCATION HIGHWAY COMMERCIAL HOUSE GAS OH SERVICE STATION BANK MISCELLANEOUS TOTALS 216 3,999 100% S 945,771 53,285,187 $ $ 502.00 821.50 NOTE: The difference between robbery totals in the text and Tables 3.2 and 3.3 is due to discrepancies in county and monthly totals. For county totals, see Appendix Table 2. 15 ▪ AGGRAVATED ASSAULT AGGRAVATED ASSAULT — ANNUAL % CHANGE OVER 1975: ARIZONA, 1975-1984 • The most frequent violent crime was aggravated assault, with 10,131 assaults reported in 1984. This represented a 10.2% growth over the 9,193 cases documented in 1983. • The aggravated assault rate for the state increased by 5.8% from 311.9 per 100,000 population in 1983 to 329.9 in 1984. 76 75 77 78 79 80 61 67 Bs 65 VOW Figur* 12 CRIMES %C,Nan.6, ,9,7 101. .10 I% CRIME RATE 7e Cnarlp.16175 Ism • 1.7, AGGRAVATED ASSAULT - QUARTERLY CHANGES IN OFFENSES: ARIZONA, 191•41 AND 111114 1983 1984 3000 - • A total of 4,414 arrests for aggravated assault were made in 1984, a slight decrease of 1.5% from the 4,481 in 1983. Of this number 85% were adults and 88% were male. Juvenile males were involved in 12.5% of the cases. • 6,183 clearances for aggravated assault were reported in 1984, which was 9.2% higher than the 5,664 reported in 1983. Aggravated assaults involving the use of firearms showed the highest clearance rate (27.6%). 2500 - 2000 - AGGRAVATED ASSAULTS BY WEAPON USED: ARIZONA, 1984 • • • C Table 3.4 `1 500 0 , 1000 - 600 - WEAPON NUMBER OF OFFENSES PERCENT FIREARM 2,920 28.8 KNIFE OR CUTTING INSTRUMENT 2,169 21.4 OTHER DANGEROUS WEAPON 2,549 25.2 HANDS, FIST, FEET, ETC. 2,493 24.6 TOTALS o 1ST 2ND 3RD 10,131 100.0% 4TH Quarter • • 16 This crime category comprised almost two-thirds (65%) of all violent crimes and 5% of the total crime index. Firearms were used in 2,920 (28.8%) of the assaults, followed closely by other dangerous weapons (25.2%) and use of hands, fists, feet, etc. (24.6%). Firearms in 1984 thus displaced hands, fists and feet which in 1983 (27.8%) were the most common instruments used to commit aggravated assaults. BURGLARY Figure 15 BURGLARIES BY LOCATION AND TIME: • There were 52,093 incidents of burglary reported ARIZONA, 1964 to police officers in 1984, representing a 5.9% growth over the 49,201 recorded for 1983. * NON- RESIDENCE RESIDENCE 13000 The burglary rate for 1984 was 1,696.3 per 100,000 population, a 1.6% increase from the 1,669.4 recorded for 1983. 12000 • Burglaries accounted for 28.4% of all property crimes and 26.1% of the total crime index. 11000 flour• 14 BURGLARY - QUARTERLY CHANGES IN OFFENSES: 10000 ARIZONA, 1983 AND 1984 v//A 1083 1664 9000 14000 13000 8000 12000 11000 7000 a e 10000 C O 6000 NO. 9000 6000 5000 0 • 7000 0 6000 1 4000 6000 3000 4000 3000 2000 2000 1000 1000 a 1ST 2ND 3RD 4TH Quarter DAY NIGHT UNKNOWN Time * 63.7% of all burglaries involved forcible entry, and 28% involved unlawful non-forcible entry. • • An average of 4,341 burglaries were committed each month, with the highest rates occurring in July, August, December and January. • 6,906 arrests for burglary were made in 1984, a Property worth an estimated $50.8 million was burglarized in 1984, of which 72% was stolen The value attributed to the from residences. stolen property was 8.3% higher than the amount About 88% of all stolen stolen in 1983. property was taken in Maricopa and Pima Counties. decrease of less than 1% from the 6,959 in 1983. Of those arrested, 3,218 (47%) were juveniles, of whom 90% were juvenile males. 17 There were 5,556 clearances for burglary during Flamm 16 BURGLARY - ANNUAL % CHANGE OVER 1975: ARIZONA, 1979-1954 the year, 10% less than the 6,111 cleared in Sixty-five percent of the clearances 1983. involved forced entry. DOLLAR VALUE OF OBJECTS BURGLARIZED, BY LOCATION AND TIME: ARIZONA, 1984 Table 3.5 71 VALUE STOLEN LOCATION 16 17 76 76 II 62 II 53 84 Yam CRIMES %0114,44 151 994 42% CRIME RATE RG4404%1975 1954 N 36,333,389 RESIDENCE - TOTAL 9,671,883 12,006,631 14,654,875 NIGHT (6 p.m. - 6 a.m.) DAY (6 a.m. - 6 p.m.) UNKNOWN NON-RESIDENTIAL - TOTAL 14,424,706 NIGHT (6 p.m. - 6 a.m.) DAY (6 a.m. - 6 p.m.) UNKNOWN 6,586,218 905,539 6,932,949 50,758,095 TOTALS BURGLARIES, BY MEANS OF ENTRY AND BY MONTH: ARIZONA, 1984 Table 3.A TOTAL DIST. JAN FEB MAR APR MAY UNLAWFUL ENTRY NO FORCE 14,599 28.0% 1,136 1,083 1,185 1,061 1,066 FORCIBLE ENTRY 33,182 63.7% 3,055 2,524 2,565 2,423 2,437 AT FORCIBLE ENTRY 4,310 8.3% 351 300 306 333 358 342 398 407 100.0% 4,542 3,907 4,056 3,817 3,861 3,616 4,644 5,091 TOTALS 18 52,091 JUN JUL AUG 1,392 1,486 2,281 2,854 3,198 993 SEP OCT NOV DEC 1,337 1 1,347 1,204 1,309 2,877 2,744 2,929 3,295 381 363 367 4,472 4,496 5,001 374; 4,588 LARCENY-THEFT DOLLAR VALUE OF PROPERTY STOLEN IN LARCENY-THEFTS, BY TYPE: ARIZONA, 1984 • • Larceny-thefts consistently account for the vast majority of reported crimes (59.3% of the total Crime Index, and 64.4% of all property crimes). Table 3.7 118,186 larceny-thefts were reported in 1984, a 3.4% increase over the 144,344 reported in 1983. TYPE The larceny-theft rate was 3,848.5 per 100,000 $200 AND OVER PERCENT OF population in 1984, a decrease of less than 1% from the 1983 figure of 3,879.6. Note that although the number of thefts rose, the theft rate actually diminished due to the growth in Arizona's population. AMOUNT $50 TO $200 $33,126,824 i 87.4% 3,859,139 10.2 916,998 2.4 UNDER $50 FROM MOTOR VEHICLE TOTAL $ 7,661,713 20.2% Fleur* 17 FROM BUILDINGS 5,516,164 14.5 4,267,096 11.3 2,513,557 6.6 SHOP-LIFTING 909,544 2.4 COIN-OPERATED MACHINES 101,539 0.3 POCKET-PICKING 104,560 0.3 PURSE SNATCHING 93,209 0.2 16,735,579 44.2 LARCENY/THEFT - QUARTERLY CHANGES IN OFFENSES: VEHICLE PARTS/ ARIZONA, 155$ ANS 11164 ACCESSORIES ///, 19419 BICYCLES 111114 30000— ALL OTHER TOTAL • $37,902,961 ] 100.0% A total of 26,708 persons (64% of all individuals arrested for index crimes) were arrested for larceny-theft. This was 6.4% higher than the 25,094 arrested in 1983. 70% of those arrested were males (juvenile and adult), and 63% were adults (male and female). • There were 25,946 clearances for larceny-theft in 1984, a 4.7% increase over the 24,780 recorded in 1983. Clearances for theft comprised 61% of total crime index clearances. Figur• IS LARCENY/THEFT - ANNUAL % CHANGE OVER 1976: ARIZONA, 1976- 1944 YET 2ND 3RD 4TH Quarter SO • The value of property stolen through larcenytheft amounted to $37.9 million in 1984, an — increase of 12% over the $33.7 million stolen in 87% of this dollar amount was from the 1983. theft of goods worth $200 and over. 20.2% was stolen from motor vehicles and 14.6% from buildings. • An average of 9,849 larceny-thefts occurred each month, with July, August, October, November and December showing the highest number of incidents. 15 76 78 76 60 63 64 You 19 LARCENY-THEFTS, BY DOLLAR VALUE AND MONTH: ARIZONA, 1984 Table 3.8 TOTAL DIST. JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC OVER $200 35,350 29.9% 2,709 2,683 2,897 2,738 2,736 2,861 3,070 3,146 2,961 3,327 2,896 3,326 $50-$200 32,967 27.9% 2,645 2,536 2,779 2,623 2,577 2,600 2,892 3,093 2,828 2,633 2,886 2,875 UNDER $50 49,870 42.2% 3,982 3,960 4,054 3,743 3,797 3,623 4,264 4,450 4,169 4,492 4,563 4,773 100.01 9,336 9,179 9,730 9,104 9,110 9,084 10,226 10,689 9,958 10,452 10,345 10,974 TOTALS 118,187 LARCENY-THEFTS, BY TYPE AND MONTH: ARIZONA, 1984 Table 3.9 TOTAL DIST. JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOY DEC POCKET PICKING 372 0,3% 31 23 21 26 43 36 23 33 26 33 29 48 PURSE SNATCHING 608 0.5% 54 49 63 47 49 45 36 50 44 64 62 45 24,662 20.9% 1,804 1,922 1,950 1,763 1,765 1,701 2,070 2,163 1,972 2,130 2,484 2,938 17,985 15.2% 1,547 1,443 1,530 1,402 1,386 1,393 1,675 1,531 1,444 1,542 1,541 1,551 PARTS 21,320 18.0% 1,753 1,692 1,749 1,699 1,568 1,661 1,863 1,874 1,901 1,929 1,793 1,838 BICYCLES 14,938 12,7% 1,168 1,205 1,277 1,170 1,135 1,186 1,329 1,593 1,292 1,326 1,208 1,049 FR. BLDGS. 11,925 10.1% 1,010 900 951 906 939 883 936 1,025 1,026 1,202 1,070 1,077 0.8% 68 70 93 91 86 88 81 86 54 70 81 89 25,420 21.5% 1,901 1,875 2,096 2,000 2,334i 2,199 2,156 2,077 2,339 9,336 9,179 9,730 9,104 9,110 9,084 10,226 10,689 9,958 10,452 10,345 10,974 SHOP LIFTING FR. MOTOR VEHICLE MOT. VEH. FR. COINOP MACHINE ALL OTHERS TOTALS 20 957 118,187 100% 2,139 2,091' 2,213 MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT Pint.... 20 MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT • The - ANNUAL % CHANGE OVER 1075: ARIZONA, 19711-111114 11,691 motor vehicles stolen in 1984 exceeded the number stolen in 1983 (10,539) by just under 11%. This offense had the largest percent increase of all property crimes. Figur• 15 MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT - QUARTERLY CHANGES IN OFFENSES: ARIZONA, 1983 AND 1984 75 76 77 78 79 81 02 Year CRIMES Cnteva. 1970 • •3 1% 19Th 1994 Almost half (47.6%) of all motor vehicles stolen in 1984 were automobiles, 23% were trucks or buses and 17.6% were motorcycles. STOLEN VEHICLES, BY TYPE: ARIZONA, 1984 Table 3.10 Offenus TYPE DISTRIBUTION AUTOMOBILES 5,566 47.6% TRUCKS AND BUSES 2,694 23.0 MOTORCYCLES 2,053 17.6 OTHER VEHICLES 1,380 11.8 TOTALS • NO. STOLEN 11,693 100.0% The reported dollar value of stolen motor vehicles was $43.2 million in 1984, an increase of almost 13% over the $38.3 million reported in 1983. IST 2ND 3RD 4TH Quarter • A total of 10,151 stolen motor vehicles were recovered in Arizona in 1984. Of this number, 8,101 (almost 80%) were stolen locally. The number of recoveries was 18% higher than the number recovered in 1983. • The motor vehicle theft rate was 380.7 per 100,000 population in 1984, a 6.5% increase from the 357.6 recorded for 1983. The ratio of motor vehicles stolen to the total number of vehicles registered in the state was 491 stolen vehicles for every 100,000 registered in 1984. • theft in 1984, about 90% of whom were males and 54% were adults. These arrests represented a 3.4% increase over 1983. • • Motor vehicle thefts constituted 6.4% of all property crimes and 5.9% of the total crime index. 1,263 persona were arrested for motor vehicle There were 2,608 clearances for motor vehicle theft during 1984, 55% of which were clearances The 1984 clearances for stolen automobiles. reflected an 18.4% rise over 1983. 21 STOLEN VEHICLE RECOVERIES, BY SITUATION AND MONTH: ARIZONA, 1984 Table 3.11 SITUATION STOLEN LOCALLY/ RECOVERED TOTAL JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL SEP AUG OCT NOV DEC 5,806 432 439 471 434 483 444 544 536 486 553 453 531 1,834 115 159 169 135 140 126 161 1911 150 153 144 191 LOCALLY STOLEN LOCALLY/ RECOVERED OTHER STOLEN LOCALLY/ RECOVERED I 461 47 28 26 47 48 32 30 43 40 42 44 34 8,101 594 626 666 616 671 602 735 770 676 748 641 756 1,352 93 79 91 108 125 106 153 148 118 97 117 117 698 50 48 59 56 56 47 73 59 81 52 57 2,050 143 127 150 164 181 166 200 221 177 178 169 174 10,151 737 753 816 780 852 768 935 991 853 926 810 930 OUT -OFSTATE TOTAL LOCALLY/ STOLEN STOLEN OUT-OFTOWN/IN- STATE STOLEN OUT -OfSTATE/ RECOVERED 60' LOCALLY TOTAL RECOVERED/ STOLEN OUT -OF TOWN OR STATE TOTALS 22 * Property damage resulting from arson was estimated at over $10.8 million in 1984, 0.7% higher than the value of property destroyed by arson in 1983. * In 1984, 85.6% of the property damage involved fixed structures and 11.7% involved mobile units. • The most frequent targets of arsonists were motor vehicles (26.6%) and single occupancy residential units (20.4%). • An average of 130 arson cases were reported each month, with February, March and November showing the highest number of incidents. ARSON • A total of 1,561 cases of arson were reported to the police in 1984, 6.8% more than the 1,461 which were reported the previous year. This is the first year the number of arsons have increased since records were first gathered in 1979. * The arson rate was 50.8 per 100,000 population in 1984, compared with 49.6 in 1983. • Arson accounted for just less than 1% of all property crimes, and 0.8% of the total crime index. ARSON OFFENSES BY PROPERTY TYPE, MONTH AND DOLLAR VALUE: ARIZONA, 1984 Table 3.12 VALUE PROPERTY DAMAGE MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 27 32 26 25 29 27 33 30 16 S 3,282,222 9 8 2 6 8 11 7 8 18 8 684,135 5 2 2 7 2 5 3 1 6 6 4 722,561 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1,375,200 117 6 14 7 10 12 11 8 10 11 12 8 8 900,353 128 15 16 23 5 16 7 4 10 6 9 8 9 1,404,669 78 10 15 6 7 1 1 7 2 5 11 7 6 922,937 TOTAL STRUCTURE 803 64 84 82 60 71 53 58 65 57 80 78 51 $ 9,292,077 MOTOR VEHICLES: AUTOS, TRUCKS, BUSES 415 35 38 32 24 33 27 34 43 31 42 38 38 905,729 54 5 4 4 2 5 2 6 11 4 4 5 2 359,705 TOTAL MOBILE 469 40 42 36 26 38 29 40 54 35 46 43 40 $ 1,265,434 TOTAL OTHER CROPS, TIMBER 299 14 29 32 26 43 32 12 13 23 21 29 25 292,892 150 112 152 114 110 132 115 147 150 116 $10,850,403 MAR a APR TOTAL JAM FEB SINGLE OCCURRENCES, RESIDENCES: HOUSES, TOWNHOUSES, ETC. 318 18 20 35 OTHER RESIDENSES: APARTMENTS, HOTELS, ETC. 107 9 13 STORAGE/BARNS, GARAGES, WAREHOUSES 48 5 7 OTHER COMMUNITIES: STORES, RESTAURANTS, ETC. COMMUNITY/PUBLIC: CHURCHES, JAILS, SCHOOLS, ETC. PROP. CLASS INDUSTRIAL/MFG. ALL OTHER STRUCTURES: MONUMENTS, ETC. OTHER MOBILE PROP: TRAILERS, RV'S, AIRPLANES... TOTALS 1,571 118 155 23 igiut• 22 Slurs 21 ARSON - ANNUAL % CHANGE MIR 104: ARIZONA, 1 Imo tofu ARSON - QUARTERLY CHANGES IN OFFENSES: ARIZONA, 19113 ARO 1084 1063 1004 460 — 400 — 410 SO -.40 -6- SO 90 — O 1-10 - — 1/ -10 — 1 -30 19 -40 CRIME -so — CROW RATE -40 — -SO — -GO — 360 — PO SO •1 SI SS 44 VOW CRIMES 9, GNAW, 1975 1484 305 CRiof RATE It ChanAl, 1975- 1554, 50.7 300 — There were 338 clearances for arson in 1984, a 6.6% increase over those reported in 1983. 58% were clearances involving fixed structures. 260+ • • O 200 ARSON CASES AND CLEARANCES BY PROPERTY CLASSIFICATION AND DOLLAR VALUEs 160 ARIZONA, 1984 Table 3.13 100 — NO. OF OFFENSES ESTIMATED VALUE OF PROPERTY DAMAGE STRUCTURAL 803 $ 9,292,077 MOBILE 469 1,265,434 1 196 i 1 46 OTHER 299 292,892 96 1,571 $10,850,403 338 PROPERTY CLASSIFICATION 60 1ST 2ND 3RD 4TH Quarter TOTALS 635 persona were arrested for arson in 1984, a significant increase of 65% over the 385 arrested in 1983. 88% of those who were arrested were males, and 41% of the total were juvenile males. 51% of the total were adults. 24 NOTE: The difference between arson totals reflected in the text (and Table 1 in the Appendix) and Table 3.12 is attributed to differences between monthly and county reports. NO. OF CLEARANCES SECTION 4: ANALYSIS OF ARRESTS M.■ Arrests are a principal indicator of law enforcement activity, and show to whet extent criminal cases are "solved" or "cleared." A criminal offense is considered "resolved" from the law enforcement standpoint when a person is arrested, cited or summoned in connection with that offense. Clearances by arrest in crime statistics should always be interpreted with caution. Many reported crimes could be committed by a single offender (this is especially true of those regarded as "career criminals"), and therefore several crimes might be declared "cleared" by one apprehension. Conversely, several individuals working as a group may be responsible for a single crime and multiple arrests would count as a "clearance" of only that one crime. Arizona law enforcement officers made a total of 163,228 arrests in 1984, a 2.0% increase over the 160,020 carried out in 1983. The number of arrests have been climbing steadily, even during the years 1981 to 1983 when the crime index and crime rates were decreasing (see Table 4.1). Arrests for index crimes in 1984 comprised 25.4% of total arrests. Part II offense arrests made up 74.6% of the total, the most common of which was for driving under the Influence (27,474 or 22.6%). CR/NE INDEX ARREST RATES Based upon a ten-year average from 1975-1984 (Table 4.2), less than 18 of every 100 index crimes reported to the police in Arizona are cleared by an arrest. Convictions resulting from arrests are even fewer. The data indicate that the probability of arrest is higher for crimes of violence (39%) than for property crimes (just under 16%). Among violent crimes, murder or criminal homicide has the highest ratio of arrests to the number of crimes reported (76%). Aggravated assault is a distant second with only about 43% cleared by arrest. In contrast, only one of every six reported property crimes is likely to be cleared by arrest; and among property crimes, burglaries are the least likely to be cleared by arrest. The Bureau of Justice Statistics attributes this wide variation in arrest rates to the following: 0 "Victims often confront perpetrators in violent crime incidents. ARRESTS FOR PART I AND PART II OFFENSES: ARIZONA, 1975 - 1984 Table 4.1 YEAR ARRESTS FOR INDEX CRIMES PERCENT CHANGE FROM PRIOR YEAR ARRESTS FOR PART II OFFENSES PERCENT CHANGE FROM PRIOR YEAR TOTAL ARRESTS PERCENT CHANGE FROM PRIOR YEAR 110,919 81,910 1975 29,009 1976 27,980 - 3.6 85,541 + 4.4 113,521 + 2.4 1977 28,988 + 3.6 88,231 + 3.1 117,219 + 3.3 1978 29,111 + 0.4 87,228 - 1.1 116,339 - 0.8 1979 30,856 + 6.0 91,071 + 4.4 121,927 + 4.8 1980 34,907 +13.1 101,940 +11.9 136,847 +12.2 1981 37,818 + 8.3 114,931 +12.7 152,749 +11.6 1982 39,899 + 5.5 117,687 + 2.4 157,586 + 3.2 1983 39,858 - 0.1 120,162 + 2.1 160,020 + 1.5 1984 41,513 + 4.2 121,715 + 1.3 163,228 + 2.0 25 .06..• 11 MALES AND FEMALES ARRESTED FOR INCEX CRIMES: THE PERCENTAGE OF INDIVIDUAL VIOLENT CRIMES RESULTING IN AN ARREST BY THREE-YEAR MOVING AVERAGES ARIZONA. 1976-1984 ARIZONA, 1975 - 1984 100 - Table 4.3 •........... - ......... 75 • HOMICIDE ...-.. ... .... ..... .............. O C ACIOR•VATE0 ASSAULT a• % CHANGE FROM % CHANGE FROM PRIOR YEAR PRIOR YEAR FEMALES YEAR MALES 1975 23,965 1976 22,637 -5.5 5,343 +5.9 1977 23,181 +2.4 5,807 +8.7 1978 23,184 +0.01 5,927 +2.1 1979 24,971 +7.7 6,021 +1.6 1980 28,450 +13.9 6,457 +7.2 1981 30,274 +6.4 7,544 +16.8 1982 31,842 +5.2 8,057 +6.8 1983 31,030 -2.6 8,828 +9.6 1984 31,949 +3.0 9,564 +8.3 50 RAPE ... ....... .... 22 - 11-79 O ▪ 79-00 77-79 79-81 SOW 81-53 40-91 02-94 Witnesses are more frequently available in connection with violent crimes then with property crimes. Intensive investigative efforts are employed more frequently with crimes of violence, resulting in a greater number of arrest:3.11/ Since crimes of violence are commonly viewed as more serious and because they pose a greater immediate threat to people, police resources are, to a greater extent, channeled toward the resolution of these crimes. 5,044 FIS9r9 24 THE PERCENTAGE OF INDIVIDUAL VIOLENT ciliates RESULTING IN AN ARREST: ARIZONA, 1975-1978 AND 1981-1964 1975-1978 ANNUAL AVERAGE INDEX CRIMES AND % CLEARED BY ARREST= 100+ E] 1951-1984 82. ARIZONA, 1975 - 1984 78 - Table 4.2 70.9 ,-INDEX CRIME 1984 ANNUAL AVERAGE 1975-1984 NO. % CLEARED BY ARREST NO. 49.9 SO - tA % CLEARED BY ARREST 40.1 ALS YSb Al 219.2 Murder 75.5 238 65.1 39.9 28.1 Rape 1,030.3 33.6 1,316 Robbery 4,061.9 31.4 4,005 8,637.6 42.5 10,131 61.0 TOTAL VIOLENT 13,949.0 39.1 15,690 38.0 Burglary 53,595.3 12.9 52,093 10.7 114,757.9 17.3 118,186 22.0 11,076.4 13.4 11,691 22.3 1,130.8 21.8 1,561 21,7 TOTAL PROPERTY 180,560.4 15.8 183,531 19.4 TOTAL 194,509.4 17.5 199,221 20.8 Aggravated Assault HOMICIDE NAPE ROBBERY AGGRAVATED ASSAULT Typo or Violent Carlow PART II OFFENSE ARRESTS Larceny-Theft Motor Vehicle Theft Arson* * Data for Arson available for 1979-1984 only. Except for 1978, Part II offense arrests in Arizona have been climbing steadily in the last decade and have averaged about three-fourths of total annual Part II offenses are arrests (see Table 4.1). regarded as the less serious crimes 2/The number of Part II offenses, per se, are not reported to the Uniform Crime Reporting program as are index crimes. Only the number of arrests for these crimes are reported. While Part II offenses are categorized as the "lesser" crimes, their impact on society can be greater than some index crimes. Therefore their social and economic costs should not be minimized. BJS Report to the Nation on Crime 0: Justice, p. 53. 1./ See Glossary on P. 47 for a listing of Part II crimes. 28 For example, some perpetrators of "white-collar" crimes like fraud, embezzlement, forgery and counterfeiting could cost their victims and the general public millions of dollars, while losses to burglars and larceny-thieves often have such lower dollar values per incident. Nevertheless, burglaries and larceny-thefts are reported as index crimes. 1p,• 28 THE PERCENTAGE Of INDIVIDUAL PROPERTY CRIMES RESULTING PI AN ARREST: ARLEONA, 1975-1978 AND 4991-1994 1111/6..1.18 S0 111 294 Drug-abuse violations are another example of Part II offenses that not only have a far-reaching impact on victims and society, but which also have elicited very high levels of law enforcement emphasis from the different law enforcement agencies - federal, State and local. MALES AND FEMALES ARRESTED FOR PART II OFFENSES: 207 20 i5.8. 14 , 42 4 " 10 OUROLARY LARCENY Type MOTOR VIIIIGLE THIRY ARSON 04 holier", C7R7N ARIZONA, 1975 - 1984 ARRESTS BY AGE AND SEX Table 4.4 % CHANCE FROM % CHANGE FROM YEAR MALES PRIOR YEAR FEMALES PRIOR YEAR 11,861 1975 70,049 1976 73,401 +4.8 12,140 +2.4 1977 75,597 +3.0 12,643 +4.1 1978 74,625 -1.3 12,603 -0.2 1979 78,263 +4.9 12,672 +0,5 1980 87,709 +12.1 14,231 +12.3 1981 98,461 +12.3 16,470 +15.7 1982 100,178 +1.7 17,509 +6.3 1983 101,515 +1.3 18,646 +6.5 1984 101,430 -0.1 20,285 +8.8 112LLI• The age and sex distribution of arrested persona in 1984 is depicted in Figure 29. The age groups most "at risk," i.e., those Who participate most in criminal activity, are young people between the ages of 15 to 24. Figure 27 shows the arrest ratio by age per 100,000 population. Data for 1980 to 1984 are indicated in Appendix Tables 12, 13 and 14. 26 THE PERCENTAGE OF INDIVIDUAL PROPERTY CRIMES RESULTING IN AN ARREST ev THREE-YEAR MOVING AVERAGES: ARIZONA, 1975-1954 ARSON 25 LARCENY ••• 20 Eighty-two percent of the individuals arrested in Arizona for both Part I and II offenses during 1984 were males and 78% of the total were adults. These proportions are slightly lower than for 1983 (males - 83%, and adults - 79%). Female arrests increased by 8.6% between 1983 and 1984; male arrests Adult arrests decreased by less than 1% (0.6%). increased by only 0.6% while juvenile arrests grew by 7.2% during the same period. ow, NAT 16 BURGLARY I0 More than three quarters of all persons arrested in 1984 for index crimes were melee and the number of men arrested for index crimes has increased by 30% overall between 1975 and 1984 (Table 4.3). Female arrests for index crimes, however, increased at an even greater rate during the same period -- by 67% overall. While males comprise about 80% of all persons arrested for serious crimes, they constitute 95% of the adult prison inmate population in any given month.'' Although female arrests for index crimes have been increasing and are now up to 23% of the total, they comprise only 5% of the adult incarcerated population. 5 76-78 77-79 70 -80 T9-81 80-82 611-85 92-8A Year Part II offense arrests in Arizona have been climbing steadily in the last decade (except for 1978) and have averaged about three-fourths of total Figure 28 shows annual arrests (see Table 4.1). that the most numerous Part II arrests are for driving under the influence, liquor law violations, drug violations, disorderly conduct and simple assaults. Arrests of males for Part II offenses increased by less than 39% during the past ten years; comparable arrests of Females increased by 56.4% (see Table 4.4). 2/ Data for the years 1977 to 1984 were supplied by the Arizona Department of Corrections Planning Bureau. 27 Figure 27 PART I AND PART II ARREST RATES BY AGE PER 100,000 POPULATION: ARIZONA, 1980-1984 AVERAGES III Violent Part II Property 20 22 24 30-34 40-44 50-54 60-64 23 26-29 35-39 45-49 55-59 654 21 Age An analysis of the crimes for which the most numerous arrests were carried out in the last ten years yielded the following (the order indicates the numerical importance): Adult Males - Part I: Larceny, Burglary, Aggravated Assault and Robbery DWI, Disorderly Conduct, Adult Males - Part II: Drug Violations and Liquor Laws Liquor Laws, Drug Juvenile Females - Part II: Violations, Curfew and Loitering Laws Flours 26 PART II OFFENSE ARRESTS: ARIZONA, 1954 LIQUOR 14.1% ,,........--""-- ". DUI 22.6% Adult Females - Part I: Larceny, Aggravated Assault, Burglary and Robbery DRUGS 10.3% ... 111111111, Adult Females - Part II: DWI, Disorderly Conduct, Prostitution and Drug Violations Juvenile Males - Part I: Larceny, Burglary, Motor Vehicle Theft and Aggravated Assault Juvenile Males - Part II: Liquor Laws, Vandalism, Drug Violations and Runaways 28 Larceny, Burglary, Juvenile Females - Part I: Aggravated Assault and Motor Vehicle Theft DISORDERLY IPFPW) CONDUCT 9.0% SIMPLE ASSAULTS 6.6% ALL OTHERS 90.6% (Percentages) Flgur• 29 ARRESTS BY RACE/ETHNIC ORIGIN FOR VIOLENT, PROPERTY AND PART II CRIMES: TOTAL ARRESTS, PERCENT DISTRIBUTION BY AGE AND SEX: ARIZONA, 1284 Sex ARIZONA, 1984 Table 4.5 MALE ADULT III FEMALE 86+ 00-44 /i lloup 66-68 50-14 40-48 RAEI/ETNNIC ORIGIN VIOLENT PROPERTY PART II TOTAL ARRESTS White 4,776 29,770 102,502 137,048 Black 843 3,198 7,927 11,968 319 2,394 10,957 13,670 21 192 529 542 TOTAL 5,999 35,512 121,709 163,228 Hispanic 1,593 7,478 22,876 31,947 Non-Hispan2c 4,406 2d,036 98,839 131,281 40-44 36-39 30-34 26-29 American Indian, (including Alaskan Native , 21-24 12-20 Other (including Asian/Pacific Islander) /1////1/11Y/A 16-17 ir 10-14 LESS THAN 10 JUVENILE 8 4 2 0 2 4 8 8 10 12 14 18 Pereerd % DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION AND TOTAL ARRESIS BY RACE/EINNIC ORIGIN; ARIZONA, 1980-1984 1661e 4.6 ARRESTS BY RACE/ETHNIC ORIGIN POPULATION 1980 % RACLAMNIC ORIGIN Arrests by race/ethnic origin in 1984 closely resembled the pattern established since 1980. Some ethnic minorities continue to figure proportionately higher in the arrest statistics when their numbers are compared to their estimated population. Total numbers are given in Table 4.5; percentages and five-year averages are given in Tables 4.6 and 4.7 AVERAGE ANNUAL ARRESTS, 1980-84 s 1964 ARRESTS 8 WHIR 82.4 84.5 84.0 BLACK 2.8 7.2 7.3 AMLRICAN INDIAN (INCLUDING ALASKAN NATIVI) 5.6 8. 3 8.4 OR R ( INCLUDING ASIAN/PACIFIC ISLANDER) 9.2 0.3 0.3 (157,434) (163,228) ( 10101 NUMBER) (4718,215) HISPANIC 16.2 20.2 19.6 N0N-HISPANIC 83.0 79.6 80.4 % DISTRIBUTION OF ARRESTS FOR INDEX CRIMES BY RACE/ETHNIC ORIGIN: ARIZONA 1980-1984 Table 4.7 RACE/ETHNIC ORIGIN ARRESTS FOR VIOLENT CRIMES ARRESTS FOR PR 1980-84 ANNUAL AVERAGE % 1900-04 ANNUAL AVERAGE S 1984 % RTY CRIMES 1984 S WHITE 78.8 79.6 84.0 83.8 BLACK 14.9 14.1 9.2 9.0 AMERICAN INDIAN (INCLUDING ALASKAN NATIVE) 5.9 5.3 6.4 6.7 OTHER (INCLUDING ASIAN/PACIFIC ISLANDER) 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 (33,502) (35,512) (6,134) (5,999) HISPANIC 25.8 26.6 20.8 21.1 NON-HISPANIC 74.2 73.4 79.2 78.9 (TOTAL NUMBER) 29 CLEARANCES Clearances have averaged over 34,000 annually over The numbers since 1980 have the last ten years. exceeded those recorded between 1975 and 1979 (see Tables 4.8 and 4.9). Almost 90% of clearances are made up of arrests. The remainder are "clearances by exceptional circumstances" which occur in cases such as the death of a suspect or the unwillingness of the victim to prosecute. INDEX CRIME ARRESTS AND CLEARANCES: ARIZONA 1975-1984* 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 Arrests For Index Crimes 29,009 27,980 28,988 29,111 31,291 Clearances By Exceptional Circumstances 6,068 5,800 4,748 4,851 5,235 35,077 33,780 33,736 33,962 36,526 Table 4.8 Total Clearances 1983 1984 34,907 37,818 39,899 ..._-___----. 39,858 41,511 6,345 2,721 470 1,035 926 41,252 40,539 40,369 40,934 42,437 1980 1981 1982 * Arrests and clearances may not necessarily relate to crimes reported in the same year. The table includes arson from 1979 through 1984. 30 CLEARANCES OF INDEX CRIMES: ARIZONA 1975-1984 Table 4.9 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 , VIOLENT CRIMES 1 Murder 146 157 178 153 157 192 160 144 170 155 Forcible Rape 287 287 308 335 413 428 348 307 359 409 Attempted Rape 238 91 109 117 88 101 92 69 89 116 Robbery 1,385 932 1,047 1,135 1,184 1,326 1,235 1,272 1,242 1,126 Aggravated Assault 4,371 4,212 4,437 4,685 5,176 6,526 5,888 4,972 5,664 6,183 Sub-Total 6,427 5,679 6,079 6,425 7,018 8,573 7,723 6,764 7,524 7,989 8,228 7,405 6,581 6,052, 5,870 6,799 7,139' 6,823 6,111 5,556 Larceny-Theft 18,581 19,153 19,110 19,440 21,200' 23,463 23,395 24,608 24,780 25,946 Motor Vehicle Theft 1,841 1,543 1,966 2,045 2,084 2,006 1,903 1,872 2,202 2,608 356 411 379 302 317 338 PROPERTY CRIMES Burglary Arson Sub-Total 28,650 28,101 27,657 27,537 29,510 32,679 32,816 33,605 33,410 34,448 TOTAL 35,077 33,780 33,736 33,962 36,528 41,252 40,539 40,369 40,934 42,437 8,893 7,364 7,861 8,045 8,877 8,857 7,602 7,556 8,600 10,151, Motor Vehicle Recoveries 31 COUNTY ARRESTS RATES/1,000 POPULATION: ARIZONA, 1980 - 1984 Table 4.10 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 ANNUAL AVERAGE Apache 10.7 13.3 11.3 11.7 13.5 12.1 Cochise 44.6 39.2 41.7 43.9 39.3 41.7 Coconino 98.5 91.7 82.5 87.4 95.3 91.1 Gila 51.1 48.6 44.9 43.6 38.6 45.4 Graham 40.9 38.6 36.3 30.0 27.2 36.7 Greenlee 19.2 14.2 23.4 19.1 22.7 19.7 La Paz* N/A N/A N/A 60.3 50.1 55.2 Maricops 53.5 61.0 61.5 55.4 59.6 58.2 Mohave 45.8 44.0 51.9 46.4 43.6 46.3 Navajo 49.1 51.4 50.8 46.3 48.4 49.2 Pima 40.7 41.9 40.8 54.3 40.5 43.6 Pinal 51.5 51.3 57.8 53.8 53.6 53.6 Santa Cruz 37.5 36.0 35.1 40.2 51.6 40.1 Yavapai 35.9 47.5 48.9 40.4 37.7 42.1 Yuma 65.3 54.0 56.0 67.3 52.7 59.1 ARIZONA 50.3 54.3 54.7 53.8 53.2 53.3 COUNTY *La Paz County was not established until 1983. COUNTY ARREST RATES County arrest rates were calculated to determine if there is an arrest pattern similar to the crime rate pattern exhibited by counties with the larger popuThe Bureau of Justice Statistics lation groups. Report to the Nation on Crime & Justice states that "counties with very high arrest rates tend to be urbanized, independent cities. . . which also have high crime rates; while counties with low arrest rates do not display a consistent pattern . . ." Date covering five years show that Coconino had the highest arrest rate of all 15 counties (an average of 91.1 arrests per 1,000 population). Coconino also had the second highest adjusted crime rate (see Section 5). Yuma County had the second highest 32 arrest rate (59.1), followed by Maricopa (58.2), LaPaz (55.2) and Pinal (53.6). Pima, which has had one of the highest crime rates in the State, had an arrest rate of 43.6 which is considerably below the State average of 53.3. Based on these comparisons, county arrest rates in Arizona do not necessarily follow the national pattern. Factors such as the number of sworn personnel assigned to criminal investigations and internal agency policies may have a significant impact on these rates. However, these have so far not been studied in depth and no substantive conclusions can be drawn. ARREST RATES BY COUNTY, PER 1,000 POPULATION: ARIZONA, 1984 SECTION 5: TRENDS IN COUNTY CRIMES AND CRIME RATES ADJUSTED CRIME RATES Since the Crime in Arizona report was first published in 1975, one of the limitations has been that crimes committed on Indian reservations are not reported to the Arizona Uniform Crime Report (AUCR) program, although reservation residents are included in State and county population figures which are used to calculate crime rates. Thus the reported crime rates of counties without reservations are not completely comparable with counties that have large reservation populations, since crimes committed on the reservations are not included. Adjusted crime rates were calculated by subtracting the American Indian reservation population from the total population of the 12 counties that have reservations. According to the 1980 Census, almost 129,000 people live on Arizona's Indian reservations, representing 5% of the total State population. Most live in Apache (32%), Navajo (24%) and Coconino (14%) Counties. This section presents data on county crime rates using both methods of calculation for comparative purposes. The adjusted rates (derived by subtracting reservation population from the total county population) should present a more accurate measure of crime rates within the counties and the State until such time as reservation crimes, which are reported directly to the FBI, can be aggregated with those in the AUCR program. 11 COUNTY CRIMES Table 5.1 presents the reported Crime Index for each county for the years 1980 to 1984. As expected, the two most populous counties reported the moat crimes: Maricopa, with an estimated 56% of the State's population, accounted for an average of 61.5% of the total Crime Index; and Pima, with 20% of the population, reported an average of 22.7% of all index crimes. These two counties were followed by Yuma, Pinal, Coconino, Mohave and Cochise, in that order. CRIME RATES Table 5.2 indicates the conventional crime rates by county, i.e., the frequency of reported crimes in relation to the total estimated population of that county. As stated earlier, the crime rates show a declining trend for the State from 1980 to 1983 and a slight increase in 1984. Pima and Maricopa Counties had the highest average rates for the five-year period. They are also the only two counties that exceeded the five-year State They were followed by Coconino, Yuma/La average. Paz, Mohave, Pinal and Santa Cruz which all had average rates exceeding 50 reported crimes per 1,000 population. The adjusted crime rates are noticeably different. First, the State crime rate naturally increased because of the subtraction of a part of its population. The adjusted five-year average rate is 75.0 1/ State, county and Indian reservation population figures were derived from the 1980 Census and supplied by DES Population Statistics Unit. Data for 1981 to 1984 are projections. Data prior to 1980 were not used because the 1970 and 1980 Census data by race/ethnic origin are not directly comparable. 35 CRIME INDEX BY COUNTY: ARIZONA, 1980-1984 Table 5.1 COUNTY 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 460 485 464 497 521 Cochise 3,373 3,081 3,169 3,250 3,586 Coconino 5,193 5,753 4,714 4,900 5,285 Gila 1,277 1,326 1,057 1,136 1,012 Graham 740 725 694 731 559 Greenlee 329 266 130 274 281 944 709 Apache * La P82 N/A N/A N/A 142,065 132,415 125,316 113,707 120,228 Mohave 3,577 3,646 3,541 3,343 4,185 Navajo 2,380 2,557 2,515 2,405 2,368 Pima 47,605 48,535 46,704 44,807 46,291 Pinal 5,849 5,331 5,898 5,646 5,088 Santa Cruz 1,130 1,057 1,173 1,205 1,462 Yavepai 2,693 2,899 2,808 2,806 2,689 Yuma 7,033 6,371 4,999 4,450 4,957 223,643 214,447 203,182 190,101 199,221 -4.1 -5.3 -6.4 +4.8 Maricopa ARIZONA PERCENT CHANGE *La Paz, which became a county in 1983, used to be a part of Yuma County. per 1,000 population as compared with 71.6 using the regular method. crime rate of 79.2. These four counties all exceeded the five-year State average adjusted rate. La Paz County, with over half (50.4%) of its estimated population residing on reservations, has the highest adjusted crime rate, although it reported less than a thousand crimes per year during the two years it has been in existence. (NOTE: The above is a two-year rather than five-year average. It remains to be seen Whether or not La Paz will sustain this rate over the long term.) As expected, a noticeable shift occurred in the rates for the two counties having the most people living on reservations. The average rate for Apache County increased by 582% from 9.4 to 64.1 per thousand population, and Navajo increased by about 88% from an average of 35.2 to 66.1. Obviously, counting the reservation population without including reported reservation crimes severely depressed traditional crime rate figures for these counties. Coconino County, with 24% of its population residing on reservations, had the second highest rate, with a five-year average of 86.7%. Pima County, which was first on the list using the traditional method, dropped to third place with a five-year average rate of 83.9. And Maricopa County, with the highest number of reported crimes, became fourth with an adjusted five-year average 36 CRIME RATES AS SOCIAL INDICATORS Crime rates are viewed by many (mainly criminal justice administrators, academics, researchers and planners) as an important social indicator or quantitative measure of the "quality of life" in a particular locality, as distinguished from economic indicators which measure economic health. Although Arizona continues to enjoy an influx of population and economic health, the picture of reported crime is a negative factor in an otherwise positive position for future growth. CRIME RATES BY COUNTY: ARIZONA, 1980-1984 (Per 1,000 Population) Table 5.2 COUNTY 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 FIVE-YEAR AVERAGE Apache 8.8 9.5 9.0 9.6 10.0 9.4 Cochlea 39.4 34.9 35.3 35.8 39.3 36.9 Coconino 69.2 75.2 60.0 61.1 64.1 65.9 Gila 34.4 34.6 27.1 29.0 26.7 30.4 Graham 32.4 30.9 29.1 30.6 23.3 29.3 Greenlee 28.8 22.6 11.0 24.8 24.6 22.4 La Paz* N/A N/A N/A 69.3 52.5 60.9 Maricopa 94.1 B4.7 77.6 68.3 69.5 78.8 Mohave 64.0 61.3 57.1 52.2 64.2 59.8 Navajo 35.2 37.0 36.2 34.4 33.4 35.2 Pima 89.6 87.7 82.6 77.0 76.7 82.7 Pinal 64.3 56.6 60.8 55.3 51.7 57.7 Santa Cruz 55.2 50.0 53.5 54.1 65.0 55.6 Yavapai 39.5 39.9 37.0 35.5 35.1 37.0 Yuma 77.7 68.6 53.1 53.2 57.8 62.1 ARIZONA 82.3 76.2 70.2 63.9 64.9 71.6 *La Paz, which became a county in 1983, used to be a part of Yuma County. 37 ADJUSTED' CRIME RATES BY COUNTY: ARIZONA 1980-1984 (Per 1,000 Population) Table 5.3 COUNTY 1980 1981 1982 1983 FIVE-YEAR 1984 AVERAGE Apache 42.1 54.2 56.4 72.8 86.2 64.1 Coconino 89.2 99.1 79.3 80.9 84.9 86.7 Gila 39.7 39.8 31.2 33.5 31.1 35.1 Graham 36.2 34.5 32.5- 34.1 26.3 32.7 N/A 138.3 106,7 122.5 Cochise** Greenlee** La Paz*** N/A N/A Maricopa 94.6 85.1 78.0 68.6 69.8 79.2 Mohave 65.4 62.6 58.3 53.3 65.5 61.0 Navajo 64.4 68.2 67.7 65.8 64.3 66.1 Pima 90.9 89.0 83.9 78.1 77.8 83.9 Pinal 69.0 60.7 65.1 61,4 55.4 62.3 Yavapai 39.7 40.1 37.2 35.6 33.2 37.2 Yuma 86.5 76.2 59.0 54.9 59.7 67.3 ARIZONA 86.4 79.9 73.6 67.1 68.0 75.0 Santa Cruz Note: * Adjusted for American Indian Reservation population. ** Cochise, Greenlee and Santa Cruz are the only Arizona counties that do not have American Indian reservations. *** La Paz, which became a county in 1983, used to be a part of Yuma County. 38 SECTION 0: ARIZONA LAW ENFORCEMENT TRENDS Table 6.1 diaplays statistics on Arizona's law enforcement personnel and agency jurisdiction populations for 1984. The number of law enforcement employees in Arizona increased by 4.6% in 1984. During the same period, the State's population1/ Yearly growth trends for law increased by 4.3%. enforcement employees (sworn and civilian) had decreased to a low of .85% in 1983. The 1984 figure represents the highest increase since 1980. ARIZONA'S FULL-TIME LAW ENFORCEMENT EMPLOYEES BY AGENCY AS OF OCTOBER 31, 1984 Table 6.1 SWORN CIVILIAN _ DEPARTMENT Apache County Sheriff's Office Apache Junction Police Department Avondale Police Department Benson Police Department Bisbee Police Department Buckeye Police Department Casa Grande Police Department Chandler Police Department Chino Valley Police Department Clarkdale Police Department Clifton Public Safety Department Cochise County Sheriff's Office Coconino County Sheriff's Office Coolidge Public Safety Department Cottonwood Police Department Douglas Police Department Duncan Police Department Eager Police Department El Mirage Police Department Eloy Police Department Flagstaff Police Department Florence Police Department Fredonia Marshal's Office Gila County Sheriff's Office Gilbert Police Department Glendale Police Department Globe Police Department Goodyear Police Department Graham County Sheriff's Office Greenlee County Sheriff's Office Guadalupe Police Department Hayden Police Department Holbrook Police Department Huachuca City Police Department Jerome Police Department Kearny Police Department Kingman Police Department La Paz County Sheriff's Office Lake Havasu Police Department Mammoth Police Department Marana Marshal's Officent Maricopa County Sheriff's Office Mesa Police Department Miami Police Department Mohave County Sheriff's Office Navajo County Sheriff's Office Nogales Police Department Oro Valley Police Department Page Police Department Paradise Valley Police Department Parker Police Department Patagonia Marshal's Office Payson Police Department MALE 18 22 15 7 13 10 35 64 4 5 7 51 62 16 14 32 2 6 10 13 55 10 1 38 13 145 15 9 12 12 8 7 15 4 2 4 27 25 31 4 6 383 252 10 62 39 31 10 12 21 10 3 14 FEMALE MALE FEMALE 1 2 1 6 1 5 1 1 2 2 2 5 4 6 5 14 28 3 8 0 0 1 3 0 0 2 14 0 0 16 2 2 2 3 1 0 22 30 5 5 6 0 0 6 5 6 20 5 1 11 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 2 3 0 0 17 0 25 1 0 0 1 0 3 7 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 2 7 0 0 1 0 0 0 a 15 11 0 4 1 1 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 425 47 0 3 5 1 0 1 2 2 0 1 0 0 TOTAL EMPL. 30 33 22 14 23 15 52 109 7 5 7 90 105 24 21 41 3 12 16 22 79 16 0 1 25 80 14 211 20 13 16 20 9 8 22 9 3 9 44 32 37 6 7 1,086 395 13 91 60 39 10 18 28 17 3 20 1 32 4 4 0 1 1 1 i 6 3 , 0 4 15 0 . 5 : 2 1 263 85 3 3 22 15 6 0 3 5 4 0 5 POPULATION 42,780 12,860 9,510 4,515 8,045 5,540 16,485 50,060 3,940 1,680 4,160 26,345 35,140 7,380 5,500 14,065 670 . 3,800 ' 5,550 6,595 20,985 5,835 1,160 20,985 10,300 117,150 6,685 6,120 10,845 6,570 4,800 1,220 5,860 2,005 465 2,715 10,765 10,810 18,255 1,960 2,045 157,180 191,380 2,690 36,180 46,285 18,165 2,470 5,825 12,640 2,690 1,075 6,320 EMPLOY, RATE PER 1000 POP 0.70 2.57 2.31 3.10 2.86 2.71 3.15 2.18 1.78 2.98 1.68 3.42 2.99 3.25 3.82 2.92 4.48 3.16 2.88 3.34 3.81 2.74 0.86 3.81 1.36 1.80 2.99 2.12 1.48 3.04 1.88 6.56 3.75 4.49 6.45 3.31 4.09 2.96 2.03 3.06 3.42 6.91 2.06 4.83 2.52 1.30 2.15 4.05 3.09 2.22 6.32 2.79 3.16 . 39 ARIZONA'S FULL-TIME LAW ENFORCEMENT EMPLOYEES BY AGENCY AS OF OCTOBER 31, 1984 Table 6.1 (Continued) SWORN CIVILIAN TOTAL CEPARTMENT MALE 31. Peoria Police Department 1,559 Phoenix Police Department Pima County Sheriff's Office 289 2 Pima Police Department Pinal County Sheriff's Office 85 39 Prescott Police Department 7 Prescott Valley Police Department 12E Safford Police Department 5 St. Johns Police Department 7 San Luis Police Department Santa Cruz County Sheriff's Office 17 Scottsdale Police Department 121 Show Low Police Department 11 28 Sierra Vista Police Department Snowflake Police Department 4 Somerton Police Department 8 South Tucson Police Department 15 Springerville Police Department 7 Superior Police Department 11 Surprise Police Department 8 1 Taylor Police Department Tempe Police Department 166 Thatcher Police Department 5 Tolleson Marshal's Office 13 Tombstone Marshal's Office 3 Tucson Police Department 529 9 Wickenburg Police Department Willcox Police Department 9 Williams Police Department 5 Winslow Police Department 17 Yavapai County Sheriff's Office 51 Youngtown Police Department 6 Yuma Police Department 77 FEMALE MALE FEMALE EMPL. EMPLOY. RATE PER 1000 POP 1 89 27 0 6 2 0 0 0 1 0 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 1 48 0 0 0 0 4 0 4 2 196 201 0 33 6 3 0 0 0 7 19 0 4 0 2 3 0 0 0 0 21 0 1 0 49 2 1 2 1 24 2 5 7 435 186 0 35 11 4 1 0 4 7 50 5 9 1 3 9 2 8 0 0 43 0 4 0 139 0 5 3 9 29 3 16 41 2,279 703 2 159 58 14 13 5 12 31 195 17 41 5 13 27 9 19 8 1 239 5 18 4 765 11 15 10 27 108 11 102 23,700 866,680 221,950 1,775 40,120 23,395 4,900 7,700 3,700 2,520 3,260 110,120 4,900 30,850 3,780 6,535 6,680 1,820 4,550 4,190 2,120 143,970 3,680 5,940 1,755 370,155 3,960 3,620 2,325 8,055 41,320 2,310 48,485 1.73 2.63 3.17 1.13 3.96 2.48 2.86 1.69 1.35 4.76 9.51 1.77 3.47 1.33 1.32 1.99 4.04 4.95 4.18 1.91 0.47 1.66 1.36 3.03 2.28 2.07 2.78 4.14 4.30 3.35 2.61 4.76 2.10 4,853 284 1,185 1,732 8,054 3,042,840 2.65 906 32 6 6 15 13 26 5 34 4 0 0 0 0 3 0 298 17 0 0 9 1 37 0 294 11 1 o 4 5 13 1 1,532 64 7 6 28 19 79 6 Sub Total 1,009 41 362 329 1,741 TOTAL 5,862 325 1,547 2,061 9,795 Sub-Total AGENCIES WITH UNMEASURED SERVICE POPULATION Arizona Dept. of Public Safety Arizona State University Arizona Western College Central Arizona College Northern Arizona University Pima Community College University of Arizona Yavapa Community College 1/ Estimation of populations were made by the Department of Economic Security. 40 POPULATION 444/ • 32 RATE OF SWORN OFFICERS PER 100,000 POPULATION: ARIZONA, 1975.1990 -1994 pate (Pot 100,000 Population) Afl20116 Postulation ............ - • . 240 • •••• • •• • • 300 11 • •• • -4- 290 the proportion of civilian employees continues a long-term trend reflecting law enforcement management's efforts to increase operational efficiency and effectiveness by use of civilian employees in general support and specialty positions rather than assigning so many sworn officers to non-enforcement positions. 220 200 19130 192 1551 1062 50113 1544 Year The ratio of total law enforcement employees to population remained relatively unchanged over the past year at 2.65 employees per 1000 population. In earlier years, the ratio had been slightly higher. The rate of sworn officers to population in the State has continued to decrease and now stands at 203 officers per 100,000 population. Historically, males have occupied the majority of law enforcement positions. While males still hold a majority of the positions, there has been a gradual increase in the percentage of positions held by females. In 1975, 84.2% of law enforcement positions were filled by males. They now occupy 75.6% of the total. In 1984, female law enforcement employees increased by 11.6% while males increased by only 2.6%. This reflects both the proportionately higher increase in civilian employees (of whom 59% are female) and a higher rate of increase in female officers (up 14%) in 1984. Figure 33 Figure 36 LAW ENFORCEMENT EMPLOYEES: ARIZONA, 1984 ASSAULTS ON OFFICERS BY TYPE OF WEAPON: ARIZONA, 1904 Sworn Male 59.8% worn Female 3.3% HANDS, FISTS FEET 8. OTHER DANGEROUS WEAPONS 7.2 Civilian Male 16.8% As of 1983, there were 1.8 sworn employees for every civilian employee. In 1984, that number decreased to 1.7 sworn employees for every civilian employee. The increase in sworn employees was 3.5%, while the This increase in increase in civilians was 6.5%. ALL FIREARMS 4.8 F4251• 34 KNIFE OR CUTTING INSTRUMENT RATE OF ASSAULTS ON OFFICERS VS. AGGRAVATED ASSAULTS: 3.7 ARIZONA, 1979-1994 500 Aggravated ..... Its per 100,000 Population 5 •00 •• .......... ............... • ...... • II 10 75 so Percentage 300 200 011i-cars Asseutted per 1.000 Officers 100 49 r15 1979 1950 1951 1962 :9113 994 Year 41 POLICE OFFICERS ASSAULTED Reports of assaults on Arizona police officers increased by 41.8% in 1984, with a total of 1,553 assaults. This number is just slightly higher than that of 1979 when there were 1,534 assaults reported on officers. However, the rate per 1,000 officers was higher in 1979. Agencies within Maricopa County accounted for 83.2% of 1984 assaults. Of the assaults on officers, 98.6% were cleared. Isur• Be LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS ASSAULTED SY WEAPON AND TYPE OF ACTIVITY: ARIZONA, 1584 An undetermined portion of the 1984 increase probably reflects a change in the coding policy of the Phoenix Police Department, where there was a 159% increase in reports of officers assaulted. Instances of resisting arrests are now being coded 2/ This revised reporting method is as assaults.supported by the FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting Handbook. The "officers assaulted" count does not include Only one of the five those officers killed. patrolmen killed in 1984 was the result of an assault. Of the officers assaulted, 16.4% sustained personal injuries. HANDS.FIBTS.FEET Figure 38 DISTURBANCE CALLS OTHER WEAPONS ASSAULTS ON OFFICERS RESPONDING TO DISTURBANCE CALLS: ARIZONA, 1980-1984 ARREST arruATIows U • CUSTODY OF ZI PRISONERS • a ▪ ▪ &AMMO PERSONS DISTURBANCES OTHER ASSAULTS a 1600 -- ; TRAFFIC PUTIBUtT8 ALL OTNea 1400 — 0 200 900 400 1200 -4- Assaults Figure 37 1000 ASSAULTS ON OFFICERS BY TYPE OF INJURY: ARIZONA, 1984 • a • 800 • • git 600 Personal Injury 16.4% 400 200 1980 1981 1082 1983 1984 YOST In cases where an assailant uses more than one type of weapon to assault an officer, recording procedures follow a hierarchy rule. The FBI reporting forms are designed so that in Table 6.2, a weapon in a column to the left of another takes precedence. No Personal Injury 83.8% 1/ City of Phoenix Police Department, 1984 Annual Report,p. 51. 42 SECTION 4: ANALYSIS OF ARRESTS ARRESTS IN ARIZONA Arrests are usually regarded as a major indicator There were 160,020 of law enforcement activity. arrests made in 1983, an increase of 1.5% over the 1982 number and a 44% increase over that recorded in 1975. Except for a slight decrease of less than 1% between 1977 and 1978, total arrests by law enforcement officers in Arizona have been climbing steadily since 1975. Table 4.1 shows the total number of arrests by year, subdivided by those for Part I and Part II offenses. Arrests for index crimes (Part I) have averaged one-fourth of total annual arrests; 75% were for Part II offenses. By far the most common apprehensions under Part II (about a third) were DWI arrests. Although the crime index peaked in 1980 and has since been declining, Table 4.1 indicates that arrests for serious crimes have been rising. 1980 and 1981 saw rather large percentage increases in the volume of arrests, and the total number for 1983 holds the record thus far. There is some speculation that the increases from 1979 onwards could be related to several factors, among which are the revisions to Arizona's Criminal Code in 1978 and to more widespread "get tough" attitudes in society towards criminal offenders. Over the past decade crime and lawlessness have ranked alongside economic problems of unemployment and inflation as the public issues generating the most concern5. The changes to the Criminal Code, among other things, expanded mandatory sentencing for certain offenses and increased the number of acts that could be defined as "criminal", especially in' the white-collar crime statutes. VIOLENT vs. PROPERTY CRIME ARRESTS A substantially higher percentage of arrests are made for violent crimes compared to property crimes. In the period 1975-83, 43.7% of violent crimes resulted in an arrest compared to 15.4% for property crimes. Table 10 in the Appendix shows the number of arrests by specific index crime for the period 1975-83. Among violent crimes, homicide by far has the highest percentage of arrests. In the period 1981-83, an average of 72.8% of homicides resulted in an arrest. Arrests for aggravated assault were second with 46.1%; robbery was third with 30.1%, followed by rape with 29.5%. With the exception of aggravated assault, these percentages are below what they were in the period 1975-78. As illustrated by Figure 27, the three year moving ARRESTS FOR PART I AND PART II OFFENSES: ARIZONA, 1975 - 1983 Table 4.1 YEAR ARRESTS FOR INDEX CRIMES ARRESTS FOR PART II OFFENSES TOTAL % CHANGE FROM PRIOR YEAR 1975 29,009 81,910 110,919 1976 27,980 85,541 113,521 + 2.4 1977 28,988 88,231 117,219 + 3.3 1978 29,111 87,228 116,339 - 0.8 1979 30,856 91,071 121,927 + 4.8 1980 34,907 101,940 136,847 +12. 2 1981 37,818 114,931 152,749 +11.6 1982 39,899 117,687 157,586 + 3.2 1983 39,858 120,162 160,020 + 1.5 43 APPENDICES Appendix A: Glossary ARRESTS Taking into physical or other legal custody for committing an offense in a particular reporting jurisdiction. ARREST RATE The number of arrests for a particular offense, or group of offenses, per 1,000 or 100,000 population. CLEARANCES The number of cases in which a known criminal offense has resulted in the arrest, citation or summoning of a person in connection with the offense or in which a criminal offense has been "resolved" (location and identity of suspect known), but an arrest is not possible because of exceptional circumstances such as death of suspect or refusal of the victim to prosecute. CLEARANCE RATE The number of clearances for a particular offense, or group of offenses, per 1,000 or 100,000 population. CRIME INDEX The total of eight serious offenses (also called Index Crimes) used to measure the extent, fluctuation and distribution of crime in a given geographical area. Crime Index Offenses are: MURDER AND NON-NEGLIGENT MANSLAUGHTER (Used interchangeably with Homicide) Causing the death of another person without legal justification or excuse. This category excludes negligent manslaughter which is the killing of one human being by another through gross negligence. RAPE Unlawful sexual intercourse with a female by force or without legal or factual consent. Attempts to commmit forcible rape are also included; however, statutory rape (without force) is not counted in this category. ROBBERY Unlawful taking or attempted taking of property that is in the immediate possession of another, by force or threat of force. AGGRAVATED ASSAULT The unlawful intentional inflicting of serious bodily injury or unlawful threat or attempt to inflict bodily injury or death by means of a deadly or dangerous weapon with or without actual infliction of injury. Excluded from this category are simple assaults which are Part II offenses. Simple assaults are the unlawful intentional inflicting of less than serious bodily injury without a deadly or dangerous weapon, or an attempt or threat to inflict bodily injury without a deadly or dangerous weapon. BURGLARY Unlawful entry of any fixed structure, vehicle, or vessel used for regular residence, industry, or business, with or without force, with the intent to commit a felony or larceny. 47 FIGURE 32 PART I ARREST RATES SY AGE / 100,000 POPULATION: ARIZONA, 1980-1982 AVERAGES 6,000 Property Crime Arrests peaked at an average age of 16 during 1980 1982 5,000 A RRESTRATE 4,000 3,000 2,000 Violent Crime Arrests peaked at an average age of 17 during 1980--1982. 1,000 Aims 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 FIGURE 33 PART II ARREST RATES BY AGE / 100,000 POPULATION: ARIZONA, 1980-1982 AVERAGES 12,000 Pert II Offenses Arrests peaked at an average age of 18 during 1980-1982. 10,000 ARREST RATE 8,000 4,000 4,000 2,000 A aOt 48 10 20 30 40 50 SO 70 Glossary Sources: FBI Uniform Crime Reports; Bureau of Justice Statistics Dictionary of Criminal Justice Data Terminology, 1981 cited in U. S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics Report to the Nation on Crime and Justice, Oct. 1983. The definitions used here are based on general usage for ease of understanding and may not conform strictly to terms/definitions used in the Arizona Criminal Code. Uniform Crime Report definitions are found in U.S. Dept. of Justice, FBI, Uniform Crime Reporting handbook, Washington, D.C., 1980. 49 Appendix B: References AZ Dept. of Economic Security Population Statistics Unit. Arizona Population Projections. Phoenix, December 24, 1984. Borsage, Betty. "Career Criminals Targeted," Crime Control Digest, March 11, 1985. Box, G. E. P. and G. M. Jenkins. Time Series Analysis, Forecasting and Control, San Francisco: Holden-Day, 1970 (rev.ed. 1976. City of Phoenix, Arizona Police Dept. 1984 Annual Report. Makridakris, S., and S.C. Wheelwright, Forecasting: Methods and Applications, New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1978. Rand Corp. Granting Felons Probation: Public Risks & Alternatives. U.S. Dept. of Justice, National Institute of Justice, Washington, D.C., 1985. U.S. Dept. of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics. Report to the Nation on Crime & Justice. Washington, D.C., October 1983. U.S. Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation. Crime in the United States. Washington, D.C., July 28, 1985. 51 Appendix C: Tables TABLE 1 INDEX CRIMES BY COUNTY: ARIZONA, 1984 INDEX OFFENSES 1 I 4 4 I. • CRIMINAL HOMICIDE Murder al Non-Negligent Manslaughter 10 1 5 0 1 3 140 4 2 45 16 1 4 6 238 9 18 9 2 1 7 0 2 0 3 3 596 186 7 7 5 3 249, 116' 34 18 1 4 2 0 1 27 6 964 352 0 11 27 3 7 2 6 782 14 B 565. 52 1 5 33 1,316 Firearm Knife or Cutting Inst. Other Danger. Weap. Strong Arm (Hands t etc. 2 0 0 2 6 3 2 13 14 4 4 39 1 1 0 3 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 930 378 185 1,202 18 3 2 15 6 0 1 24 504 122 59 279 14 9 7 22 8 6 18 1,529 1 0 7 1 3 13 13 6 49 537 270 1,669 Total 4 24 61 5 2 1 3 2,695 38 31 %4 52 16 23 86 4,005 Total 0 FORCIBLE RAPE Rape by Force Attempts to Commit Total ROBBERY . i ASSAULT Firearm Knife or Cutting Inst. Other Danger. Weap. Hands, etc., aggravatn, 10 4 6 32 29 24 20 103 15 41 44 150 5 8 3 48 4 1 0 45 4 2 8 29 9 10 12 63 1,679 1,359 1,845 865 45 24 62 206 25 24 17 73 932 471 361 523 100 136 123 183 2 2 4 36 27 17 28 60 30 41 39 63 2,916 2,164 2,572 2,479 Total 52 176 250 64 50 43 94 5,748 337 139 2,287 542 44 132 173 10,131 VIOLENT CRIMES SUB-TOTAL 56 221 339 77 59 47 106 9,365 393 180 5,661 662 62 164 298 15,690 71 69 658 209 2 15 524 399 135 126 67 12 63 35 3 64 13 14 126 33 2 19,446 1 9,504 2,078 579 355 140 401 147 43 9,087 2,679 1,434 751 400 77 461 18 96 414 237 50 600 361 95 33,371 14,526 4,196 142 882 1,058 205 101 91 161 31,028 1,074 591 13,200 1,228 575 701 1,056 52,093 296 2,208 3,719 680 167 126 398 71,744 2,418 1,484 26,102 2,887 761 1,668 3,328 118,186 1 2 0 19 11 5 137 43 43 39 40 31 17 5 1,216 598 641 526 113 57 70 15 28 31 4 1 51 41 23 19 160 18, 39 12; 5,559 2,709 2,019 1,404 229! 11,691 BURGLARY Forcible Entry Unlawful Entry Attempted Forc. Entry Total LARCENY-THEFT Total MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT Autos 8 93 68 Trucks Motorcycles 9 3 78 61 47 17 17 10 9 17 1 12 Other Vehicles 0 16 9 4 0 6 5 3,591 1,732 1,075 747 20 248 141 40 30 9 40 7,145 262 93 2,981 255 64 134 7 27 28 10 2 8 4 946 38 20 347 56 0 22 46 1,561 SUB- TOTAL 465 3,365 4,946 935 500 234 603 110,863 5,792 2,188 42,630 4,426 1,400 2,525 4,659 163,531 TOTAL 521 3,586 5,285 1,012 559 281 709 120,228 4,185 2,366 46,291 5,088 1,462 2,689 4,957 199,221 Total ARSON Total PROPERTY CRIMES .,--. 53 TABLE 2 CRIME INDEX FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION, BY MONTH: ARIZONA, 1984 INDEX OFFENSES FE8 WAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP DEC NOV OCT 238 15 19 15 26 27 17 25 21 14 27 14 18 FORCIBLE RAPE RAPE BY F0REE ATTEMPTS TO C1MMI1 1,316 965 351 106 74 32 96 64 32 102 74 28 114 88 26 125 90 35 114 81 33 119 94 25 129 95 34 106 81. 25 132 95 37 82 56 26 91 73 1B ROBBERY FIREARM KNIFE/CUTTING INSTRUMENT OTHER DANGEROUS WEAPON STRONG-ARM (HAND, FEET, ETC.) 4,005 1,536 534 274 1,661 276 129 37 13 97 324 167 20 22 107 283 107 41 22 113 342 115 47 13 167 309 110 47 23 129 327 107 44 25 151 337 124 33 20 160 311 102 47 21 141 340 134 52 23 131 380 151 57 23 149 419 155 59 36 169 AGGRAVATED A5SAUL1 FIREARM KNIFE/CUTTING INSTRUMENT OTHER DANGEROUS *AN0N HAND, FEET, ETC.-AGGRAVATED _ 10,131 2,920 2,169 2,549 2,493 728 268 160 147 153 662 238 110 155 159 730 190 169• 176 195 716 209 185 167 155 1,011 300 232 239 240 889 220 207 268 194 1,031 314 220 222 275 1,060 955 263 271 217 205 279 254 301 225 - 842 250 146 226 220 719 182 150 189 198 788 215 168 227 178 BURGLARY FORCIBLE ENTRY UNLAWFUL ENTRY ATTEMPTED FORCIBLE ENTRY 52,093 33,184 14,599 4,310 4,542 3,055 1,136 351 3,907 2,524 1,083 300 4,056 2,565 1,185 306 3,817 2,423 1,061 333 3,861 2,437 1,066 358 3,616 2,281 993 342 4,644 2,854 1,392 398 5,091 3,198 1,486 407 4,588 2,877 1,337 374 4,473 2,745 1,347 381 4,496 2,929 1,204 363 5,002 3,296 1,309 397 118,186 9,336 9,179 9,730 9,104 9,110 9,084 10,226 10,689 9,958 10,452 10,344 10,974 11,691 5,565 2,694 2,052 1,380 862 457 165 147 93 931 476 210 142 103 965 473 231 178 83 864 432 185 168 79 895 432 227 151 85 846 393 197 164 92 1,040 471 241 208 120 1,152 550 245 195 162 996 432 233 183 148 1,075 486 257 171 161 1,561 799 465 297 118 64 40 14 155 84 42 29 150 82 36 32 112 60 26 26 152 71 38 43 114 53 29 32 110 58 40 12 132 65 54 13 113 56 34 23 144 79 45 20 147 77 42 28 114 50 39 25 199,221 15,983 15,273 16,105 15,036 15,523 14,989 17,522 18,506 17,146 17,485 17,189 18,464 9 20,455 1 1,428 1 1,269 0 1,609 0 1,612 0 2,030 0 1,823 0 1,859 0 1,815 3 1,874 2 1 1 1,786 1,541 1,809 LARCENY-THEFT EXCEPT MOTOR VEHICLE INLET MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT AUTOS TRUCKS AND BUSES MOTORCYCLES OTHER VEHICLES ARSON STRUCTURAL MOBILE ALL OTHER TOTAL MANSLAUGHTER BY NEGLIGENCE OTHER ASSAULTS (SIMPLE) 54 JAN la- 4 Q4 4 MI CRIMINAL HOMICIDE MuRcER/N0N-NEG MANsLAuGHIER TOTAL 1,007 1,058 461 502 282 221 176 169 98 156 • TABLE 3 DOLLAR VALUE OF PROPERTY STOLEN, BY OFFENSE AND BY COUNTY: ARIZONA, 1984 1042111 OFFENSES MAC* COCNISE MORINO C1LA MOM MEMEL LA FA2 ANIICWA RAW° 8846 51114 201AL VONA SANTA 0011 TAVAPAI 40444. NONICIOE 0 400 a 0 0 0 5,500 754 3) 4,240 7.35.0 a il 0 0 111,604 0 0 717 0 0 0 0 14,105 0 0 14.001 154 0 0 87 31,014 Hi0hwe, 1ieolercial Houne 644 ,er.icr 5relluo 3Onue7si,iwe ;tore Neniariur 13551 Mrs,eli9oeool 13U U U 298 100 0 U 15,036 147 1,195 4.000 15.514 0 741 3.863 9.656 663 691 5,135 100 1,227 149 0 0 U 0 0 0 ISO 0 14 .696 0 777 180 0 0 770.112 169,774 31,525 75,107 570,514 7,051 961 1,800 0 400 1000 0 0 0 22 0 0 93,843 0 350 191,146 56,388 2,097 17,259 211,864 42,578 21,301 5,665 30 0 2.761 1,979 0 182 U 6,701) 0 90 1.550 78.487 986 1,715 390 135 6,017 2,1513 6,922 247,175 1,036 1,326 /50 0 0 0 530 91 1.473 1,261 564 1,6113 2.465 1,0447 2,114 445,715 60,817 44,150 106,799 617,877 232,920 270,651 total 528 36,754 21,120 715 1,322 150 15,253 2,517,070 6,902 5,140 544,679 10,175 11,6341 13,447 15,119 5,204,160 VIOLENI C33019 521 37,354 21,415 713 1,322 150 20,751 2,514,629 6,902 7,340 566,110 10,201 01,630 13,447 15,206 1014 ,700 55,565 19,229 9,212 27,025 517,U12 201,994 160,198 172,860 323,061 86,906 43,754 190,361 114,227 10,189 10,750 65,288 18,771 9,667 1,660 7,444 33,730 18,434 2.715 12,551 55,900 25,679 3,588 25,8)3 29,240,017 6,781,291 8,157,418 10,301,108 464,890 159,250 178,542 127,098 466,679 73,455 15,050 358,174 9,058,607 1,510,568 3,019,771 2,508,256 678,384 172,430 91,828 214,178 402,860 332.091 29,615 41,154 474,852 171,417 63,781 281,554 430,801 115,154 116,1365 98,772 36.21 5 ,2 59 1,569,604 12,004,564 10,640,904 13oo-HesiJeore 91451 0a, atiervehl 145,062 146,152 22,795 16,115 2411,297 146,926 46,218 47,155 272.223 165,635 23,635 84,151 11,831 24,154 969 6,706 10,176 9,257 265 574 16,985 27,535 3,680 5,770 00,079 32,817 11,177 4,085 8,764,438 2,613,674 453,922 5,616.842 325,422 210,7)9 21,054 93,6/9 225,522 179,119 19,019 26,944. 5,551,174 2,0)5,402 190.941 714,791 417,926 160,592 47.983 229,451 90,171 82,028 1,040 5,585 117,953 81,116 17,543 44,175 247,704 190,054 49,561 28,142 14,415,345 5,584,223 905,539 8,425,385 10181 240,520 757,329 519,214 146,058 20,967 70,695 101,979 52,004,455 190,512 472,201 17,395%781 916,112 497,015 612,105 690,565 50,771,304 9200 6 0.ey 750 - 5230 oncler 550 Pocket Picking 7urbe 7nit1chi,9 choplilting From Motor Vehicle Motor Vehicle Parts Bacycles From Building Cum Opec, Seceire 411 Other 125,701 9,896 1,022 699,682 69,453 16,313 7535,009 239,142 25,734 3,331 74.311 13,261 1,819 )1,711 5,820 615 371,107 11,014 2,181 1,455,127 58,478 11,179 6.365 1,159 4.213 116,037 95,888 296,511 47,816 8,519 949 1,549 5.179 66,120 14.697 902,581 99,903 16,930 1,421 3,5E6 11,137 125,078 87,412 44,969 107,385 2,027 637.439 198,556 18,199 6,975 6 0 14,326 63,169 18,137 111,698 79,230 1 58.161 194,629 51,698 9,071 2,392 6,813 104,790 31,221 19,071 97,057 1,571 1141,296 545,621 181,225 41,664 700 183 15, -,80 240.60 7 31,267 116,049 27,586 041 336,117 15,075,711 3,844,412 931,926 104.465 97,209 409,531 2 .456.635 4,263.214 2,504,557 5,474,917 300,9572 14,726,927 14E41 16141 FORCIBLE RAPE Iota! ROW NY a 0 16g an 860 0011CLART ses1e0ce Night Dos Uokoown LAACINV -4121 50 1,976 512 959 51,906 3,450 2,982 22,860 54,683 1,323 15,239 114,861 66,622 37,113 188,857 1,552 356,103 117,419 02,970 21,494 5,636 372 13,968 152,615 128,357 36,000 0 0 5 427 771 952 1,610 10,057 45 42,114 11,269 6,419 58,349 333 24,031 19,005 198,221 21,083 1,059,785 120,130 2,163 102,664 7,302,555 869,812 206,811 54,765 29.249 219,772 2,120,777 920,660 512,018 1,101,017 21,764 3,605.332 384,145 22.501,531 1014,782 352,961 0.391.100 1,019,454 223,730 457,990 770,510 31,854,169 174,224 29,294,739 1,033,574 297,020 11,442,869 097,925 145,155 450,242 737,0/5 45,167,867 3,560,640 1,122,109 29,241,130 2.833,091 1,061,1933 1,521,045 2,201,090 111,732,140 116015,351 3,567,570 1,529,529 29,107,440 2,040,172 1.140.328 1,514,492 2.211,296 0 3,/2 13,156 3,242 2,138 1,042 5,594 14,636 15,910 22,820 1,060 4 17,527 345 336,326 38,166 5,300 5,006 19,672,143 2,264,583 504,802 50,498 6g,t:: 0,621,473 2.827,132 1,662,102 3,153,510 45,673 9,685,072 227,123 1,147 305,305 42 128,546 53,164 701,948 170,525 268,207 89,411 90,750 770,785 456,069 86,323 41.310 21,3/7 POOPERIV 0911414 4618,697 2,112,062 1,921,876 500,780 114,500 152,248 662,541 81,100,722 -4 1014/ 51011.8 449,225 2,349.416 1,943091 5111,301 181,910 112,390 683,101 17 3,077 1911103 VEHICLE THEFT 34E41 135,067,120 -1 66 TABLE 4 DOLLAR VALUE OF PROPERTY STOLEN AND RECOVERED, BY TYPE AND BY COUNTY: ARIZONA 1984 ApAcw CDCHISE COCONINO 01E4 GREENLEE LA PAZ GRAHAM MARICOPA MINAVE NAVAJO PIMA PINAL SANTA CRUZ YAVAPA1 YUMA TOTAL STOLEN 10141 STOLEN 147,365 169,453 21,926 448,136 2,950 114,907 56,371 86,670 14,704 2,525 469,485 166.791 374,113 34.023 744,805 13,877 238,275 53,134 71,970 13,843 0 510,465 7,930,644 18,900,017 2,255,747 44,813,144 2,394,832 15,454,641 2,670,434 4,683,712 1,252,689 270,152 34,441,106 3,567,570 1,329,529 29,807,940 2,843,372 1,160,528 1,534,492 2,221,296 135,067,120 3,378 12,329 2,421 340,407 132 15,059 18,515 1,980 918 0 32,469 6,649 84,364 7,581 381,245 532 17,980 3,060 2,330 2,348 0 39,564 580,879 1,366,590 453,910 28,057,786 225,831 764,031 255,710 261,165 213,100 29,180 3,828,703 428,108 545,653 36,036,005 121,289 350,697 11,487 336,291 28,461 95,720 39,196 38,042 21,943 2,900 282,703 178,283 1,494,896 4,275,075 168,501 550,617 22,342 908,474 8,925,161 567,119 26,122 4,647,283 285,528 672,062 66,293 1,360,811 112,282 184,691 50,062 182,791 12,450 6,947,454 1,033,035 1413,950 222,085 53,008 345,135 8,792 112,389 34,547 14,767 76,601 3,500 120,754 16,812 10,598 224 68,360 19 17,141 4,715 723 3,777 0 65,541 3,412 5,931 85 23,387 2,490 13,504 6,288 13,113 1,412 280 62,496 42,159 28,153 3,868 190,224 2,249 18,270 6,305 12,269 5,638 0 374,166 4,487,407 362,086 341,075 12,357,939 1,430,916 46,888 30,179,818 1,073,274 1,657,962 21,961 9,255,862 233,049 63,787 1,489,473 2,638,402 148,006 831,787 24,314 43,414 16,900 21,962,371 1,236,230 469,225 2,349,416 1,943,291 501,501 187,910 132,198 683,301 86,335,351 3,718 9,035 1,051 101,250 0 2,267 1,740 28 384 0 51,352 231,958 710,431 316,476 18,328,291 155,193 424,813 103,239 170,331 157,187 8,716 2,158,337 16,494 15,908 39,157 673,552 9,069 30,117 9,563 12,094 9,512 100 250,657 32,611 10,502 1,882 210,266 2,000 11,970 4,695 3,042 1,322 0 42,191 32,195 215,545 51,467 6,137,683 28,281 142,328 47,419 41,475 23,554 10,797 757,559 52,190 43,020 8,524 655,349 4,732 25,965 11,853 11,875 3,896 6,550 240,041 92,271 12,791 9,684 175,100 617 23,763 5,840 673 929 50 13,313 170,825 22,764,972 1,066,223 320,481 7,486,083 1,063,995 335,031 Currency, Notes, etc. 92,507 iewelry/Prec. Metals 85,360 Clothing & Furs 1,702 90,750 Locally Stolen Veh. Office Equipment 3,865 Stereos/TV's/Cameras 14,825 Firearms 2,252 17,862 Household Goods Consumable Goods 3,264 3,070 Livestock 148,698 Miscellaneous 326,833 294,495 21,392 906,010 34,135 156,235 82,251 56,128 12,046 722 459,169 296,432 45,422 175,800 40,742 54,259 3,010 486,796 86,523 24,470 340 188,041 43,564 62,531 26,229 83,880 27,987 21,657 6,950 BOO 800 548,625 219,934 RECOVERED Currency, Notes, etc. Je.elry/Prec. Metals Clothing & Furs Locally Stolen Veh. Office Equipment Stereos/TV's/Cameras Firearms Household Goods Consumable Goods Livestock Miscellaneous 784 22,100 194 44,400 645 2,902 725 1,010 300 1,501 13,424 69,125 65,296 9,208 466,281 5,092 29,862 28,523 7,864 3,076 266 86,851 24,860 156,107 5,785 401,862 19,464 23,693 15,428 6,413 5,842 1,200 47,840 5,354 6,056 431 68,573 55 6,412 2,740 824 971 0 83,705 9,127 4,800 14 57,640 19 3,985 780 23 2,818 8,855 160 6 15 15,887 0 2,915 1,590 1,203 43 0 2,065 TOTAL RECOVERED 87,990 771,944 708,494 175,121 88,081 23,004 0 TABLE 5 DOLLAR VALUE OF PROPERTY STOLEN, BY OFFENSE AND MONTH: ARIZONA, 1984 MOE X OFFENSES JAN FEB MAR MAY APR JUN AUG JUL SEP OCT NOY DEC TOTAL 0 0 0 600 352 500 0 0 5,763 4,063 63 7,063 18,404 8,202 965 336 652 905 743 10,620 483 376 2,365 1,554 4,215 31,416 44,359 66,696 2,870 3,764 71,868 98,201 3,590 306,682 183,028 2,735 5,748 145,553 11,115 10,004 25,806 34,944 471 9,438 53,131 69,390 2,026 630 23,550 15,653 42,569 30,830 6,475 5,361 38,488 69,656 27,337 4,497 1,590 40,139 65,259 72,951 2,417 5,442 75,055 75,454 33,496 9,213 7,676 58,332 63,265 29,450 1,814 4,758 42,892 54,430 36,777 3,035 9,529 30,942 83,788 50,209 9,115 49,252 48,235 945,771 862,817 46,350 108,799 812,925 Bank Miscellaneous 61,372 227,709 1,682 5,611 50,873 21,835 5,390 4,635 16,103 4,885 9,362 3,394 12,683 16,894 4,005 204,899 12,024 15,112 11,702 3,987 17,503 1,468 232,970 275,555 TOTAL ROBOERY 374,472 291.348 664,865 261,738 169,015 144,711 155,975 250,701 393,075 169,315 150,402 259,570 3,285,187 965,685 888,000 1,042,467 2,896,152 756,159 1,025,808 1,186,343 2,968,310 921,091 927,687 1,005,639 2,855,217 545,141 882,505 1,233,994 2,661,640 600,571 876,026 862,851 2,339,448 523,949 541,120 1,134,340 756,555 73,175 531,551 104,650 386,669 427,935 46,315 366,584 357,087 75,158 418,608 1,372,479 642,666 59,854 444,816 1,146,756 1,022,870 840,834 4,268,631 4,115,046 3,878,087 9,585 6,021 65,025 514,846 2,636 16,540 59,674 585,478 366,455 16,544 8,172 72,065 746,208 370,046 220,732 HOMICIDE FORCIBLE RAPE ROBBERY Highway Commercial douse Gas or Serv. Station Convenience Store Residence 186,998 2,784 1,297 BURGLARY Residence hignt. 6PM-tAM) Day ;6A4-6PM) unknown Total 2,199,409 828,146 958,652 920,275 1,294,762 733,372 965,927 783,674 1,021,699 835,110 1,257,910 1,316,143 1,313,698 3,100,496 1,480,654 3,695,691 1,529,169 3,228,468 1,185,916 2,991,289 1,278,554 1,308,302 1,401,250 3,429,807 3,967,462 525,027 62,801 627,493 114,213 549,601 62,128 815,826 89,827 9,671,883 12,006,631 14,654,875 36,333,389 Nom-Residence Night Day 61,8 -65.115) ',6414 -6PH; la,t,own total TOTAL BURGLARY 542,749 593,293 63,008 517,902 1,174,203 454,959 107,650 764,245 1,326,854 635,515 572,226 746,165 1,061,179 850,853 304,825 46,760 476,291 827,876 1,223,343 1,313,932 1,357,894 1,966,832 6,586,218 905,539 6,932,949 14,424,706 3,502,474 3,190,301 3,027,285 4,274,699 5,022,545 4,451,811 4,305,221 4,787,701' 5,454,294 50,758,095 6,929 6,109 63,120 586,590 350,991 9,158 13,120 62,%2 507,668 12,075 6,575 75,785 8,477 4,508 65,934 618,086 355,642 216,431 438,333 8,120 1,276,676 7,245 5,231 4,378 4,071 6,513 62,405 607,795 379,687 258,772 509,571 7,162 1,440,953 5,273 63,001 589,912 355,975 221,185 488,807 4,010 1,563,062 5,739 70,615 661,088 402,591 226,218 585,719 24,664 1,241,644 5,708 109,718 931,157 349,605 199,331 590,816 5,696 968,123 18,433 8,931 139,240 743,633 402,364 215,000 408,306 7,783 1,695,658 104,560 93,209 909,544 7,661,733 4,267,096 2,513,557 5,516,164 101,539 16,735,579 LARCENY Pocket-Picking ellfSE. Snatching Shop lifting 192,735 395,721 9,048 1,124,599 5,972 1,397,782 7,359 1,600,165 465,797 8,432 1,675,103 1,630,715 509,252 333,479 194,802 398,256 4,206 1,121,1)49 2,270,391 326,602 2,698,845 308,295 92,480 62,891 1,044,201 352,600 78,241 2,989,214 301,605 58,098 2,722,742 299,767 66,469 2,301,985 296,156 57,336 2,594,700 329,188 68,319 2,830,708 357,697 91,698 2,898,327 313,297 84,832 2,836,178 298,943 87,585 2,725,509 350,429 88,287 3,214,024 344,562 80,762 33,126,824 3,859,139 916,998 TOTAL LARCENY 2,689,473 3,070,031 3,455,042 3,348,915 3,088,978 2,655,477 2,992,207 3,280,103 3,296,456 3,222,706 3,164,225 3,639,348 )7,902,961 MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT 3,194,951 3,964,115 3,809,211 2,897,069 3,571,304 3,070,44* 3,682,944 4,165,178 3,539,649 3,768,094 ...., 3,675,4221 3,916,636 43,255,017 10,535,729 11,441,505 11,807,541 10,011,448 10,020,855 13,761,126 135,251,000 From Motor Vehicle Vehicle Part/Acceso. 8ie4r1es From Buildings Coin Operated Machines A11 Other $200 And Over % 50 To $2,/11 under S50 10141 STOLEN PROPERTY 314,093 197,446 438,048 415,751 185,844 286,168 185,061 385,039 9,087 8,899,160 11,116,445 12,719,010 11,687,130 11,471,764 11,774,367 TABLE 6 CLEARANCES, BY OFFENSE & MONTH: ARIZONA, 1984 INDEX OFFENSES JAN FEB )UN MAY APR MAR JUL OCT SEP AUG DEC NOY CRIMINAL HOMICIDE MURDER/NON-REG MANSLAUGHTER 155 11 16 9 21 17 9 18 14 9 16 9 6 FORCIBLE RAPE RAPE BY FORCE ATTEMPTS TO COM411 525 409 116 39 32 7 33 24 9 40 27 13 38 32 6 43 30 13 42 37 5 64 55 9 35 27 8 38 29 9 41 35 6 51 34 17 61 47 14 ROBBERY FIREARM KNIFE/CUTIING INSTRUMENT OTHER DANGEROUS WEAPON STRONG-ARM (HAND, FEET, ETC.) 1,126 478 143 71 434 103 55 12 6 30 85 45 12 1 27 96 47 5 7 37 71 25 10 6 30 113 40 11 14 48 81 34 10 8 29 101 30 15 7 49 111 37 10 6 58 52 21 11 0 20 92 36 15 6 35 104 49 10 7 38 117 59 22 3 33 AGGRAVATED ASSAULT FIREARM RNIft/CUTTING INSTRUMENT OTHER DANGEROUS WEAPON HAND, FEET, ETC. -AGGRAVAILD 6,183 1,704 1,349 1,532 1,598 452 150 110 91 101 401 131 59 86 125 471 138 100 102 131 410 110 106 103 91 571 139 145 140 147 535 140 137 131 127 591 186 113 132 160 668 208 151 159 150 599 144 132 152 171 598 144 116 185 153 416 98 86 109 123 471 116 94 142 119 BURGLARY FORCIBLE ENTRY UNLAWFUL ENTRY ATTEMPTED FORCIBLE ENTRY 5,556 3,627 1,593 336 442 307 112 23 433 292 111 30 520 333 162 25 440 297 111 32 522 357 122 43 466 294 146 26 495 295 161 39 482 287 159 36 459 290 147 22 526 354 144 28 373 250 107 16 398 271 111 16 25,946 2,013 2,159 2,190 2,063 1,976 1,894 2,086 2,115 1,950 2,218 2,478 2,796 2,608 1,433 559 406 210 157 95 31 22 9 169 96 31 28 14 178 1,02 39 19 18 229 120 56 36 17 220 107 69 21 23 226 110 47 49 20 263 144 47 57 15 295 159 67 51 18 273 162 47 40 24 267 151 56 36 24 182 105 34 24 19 149 82 35 23 9 338 196 44 96 36 25 5 6 46 29 5 12 46 29 1 16 24 17 1 6 37 18 3 16 22 11 3 8 22 12 7 3 29 13 8 8 13 7 4 2 16 9 3 4 28 16 3 9 19 10 3 6 42,437 3,253 3,342 3,558 3,296 3,499 3,275 3,640 3,749 3,393 3,774 3,641 4,017 9 7,991 1 1 0 0 647 572 608 0 603 739 0 3 792 2 641 1 592 1 646 LARCENY-THEFT EXCEPT MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT AUTOS TRUCKS AND BUSES MOTORCYCLES OTHER VEHICLES ARSON STRUCTURAL MOBILE ALL OTHER TOTAL MANSLAUGHTER BY NEGLIGENCE OTHER ASSAULTS (S1MPLE) 68 TOTAL 0 749 0 688 714 TABLE 7 JUVENILE MALE ARRESTS, BY OFFENSE AND AGE: ARIZONA, 1984 AGE CATEGOVBES UNDER OFFENSE CLASSIFICATION TOTAL 17 JUVENILE 10-12 13-14 15 0 0 0 3 13 133 398 9 53 0 0 2 14 56 317 1,135 33 54 1 0 7 42 122 815 2,067 120 63 0 0 4 35 90 533 1,250 110 31 56 115 605 1,182 131 30 1 0 10 48 157 490 1,068 101 28 609 1,612 3,240 2,054 2,129 1,904 11,548 OTHER ASSAULTS-SIMPLE FORGERY AND COUNTERFEITING FRAUD EMBEZZLEMENT STOLEN PROPERTY VANDALISM WEAPONS-CARRYING, POSSESSING PROSTITUTION AND COMM. VICE SEX OFFENSES 36 0 1 0 1 182 5 237 5 7 3 55 441 58 3 86 164 4 9 2 45 188 60 1 59 182 17 15 1 51 213 54 6 49 200 15 17 7 53 206 57 7 50 955 41 52 14 221 16 136 0 3 1 16 332 18 0 48 DRUGS (SALE OR MANUFACTURE) 5 4 30 24 22 29 114 DRUGS (POSSESSION) 6 45 301 316 374 441 1,483 BOOKMAKING-HORSE, SPORT BOOK NUMBERS AND LOTTERY ALL OTHER GAMBLING 0 0 0 0 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 0 37 1 102 7 21 0 2 14 0 64 2 249 75 114 4 5 220 0 181 9 744 340 259 2 20 375 0 154 11 506 357 205 2 80 985 0 194 22 575 476 185 3 198 1,672 0 425 1,127 3,032 2,566 3,584 4,447 15,181 1,034 2,739 6,272 4,620 5,713 6,351 26,729 10 16 PART 1 MURDER AND NONNEG. MANSLAUGHTER MANSLAUGHTER BY NEGLIGENCE FORCIBLE RAPE ROBBBERY AGGRAVATED ASSAULT BURGLARY LARCENY-THEFT (NON-VEHICLE) MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT ARSON PART I SUB-TOTAL 1 0 4 3 0 27 198 553 2,893 7,100 504 1 259 PART 2 0 1,562 252 17 308 T GAMBLING SUB-TOTAL OFFENSES AGAINST FAMILY DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE LIQUOR LAWS DRUNKENNESS DISORDERLY CONDUCT VAGRANCY ALL OTHER (NON-TRAFFIC) CURFEW AND LOITERING RUN-AWAYS PART II SUB-TOTAL TOTALS 222 18 613 454 97 0 11 308 3,268 0 852 63 2,789 1,709 881 89 TABLE 8 JUVENILE FEMALE ARRESTS, BY OFFENSE AND AGE: ARIZONA, 19$4 AGE CATEGORIES 15 16 TOTAL 17 JUVENILE 0 1 0 2 33 82 850 21 19 0 0 0 7 33 56 524 21 13 0 0 0 4 22 71 481 18 10 1 0 0 2 29 44 375 16 5 1 1 0 16 128 325 2,705 77 52 453 1,008 654 606 472 3,305 1 25 0 1 125 5 8 69 8 6 0 1 41 6 12 4 44 16 3 352 32 UNDER FENS( CLASSIFICATION 10-12 13-14 0 0 0 0 1 12 98 0 1 0 0 0 1 10 60 377 1 4 112 10 PART 1 MURDER AND NONNEG. MANSLAUGHTER MANSLAUGHTER BY NEGLIGENCE FORCIBLE RAPE ROBBERY AGGRAVATED ASSAULT BURGLARY LARCENY-THEFT (NON-VEHICLE) MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT ARSON PART I SUB-TOTAL PART 2 OTHER ASSAULTS-SIMPLE FORGERY AND COUNTERFEITING FRAUD EMBEZZLEMENT STOLEN PROPERTY VANDALISM WEAPONS-CARRYING, POSSESSING PROSTITUTION AND COMM. VICE SEX OFFENSES 0 0 1 1 9 0 5 39 0 0 1 4 4 79 5 6 10 88 2 3 2 5 38 2. 7 4 DRUGS (SALE OR MANUFACTURE) 1 4 33 17 DRUGS (POSSESSION) 0 20 86 BOOKMAKING-HORSE, SPORT BOOK NUMBERS AND LOTTERY ALL OTHER GAMBLING 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 GAMBLING SUB-TOTAL 2 2 6 23 9 3 36 4 9 6 19 242 18 35 28 15 19 89 68 81 69 324 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 2 131 0 78 2 5 189 0 39 2 16 403 0 54 2 36 410 0 44 7 60 1,146 0 6 10 253 5 224 6 236 1,202 1 OFFENSES AGAINST FAMILY DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE LIQUOR LAWS DRUNKENNESS 0 0 0 1 0 12 DISORDERLY CONDUCT 2 18 VAGRANCY ALL OTHER (NON-TRAFFIC) CURFEW AND LOITERING RUNAWAYS 0 20 0 11 0 69 27 77 400 238 429 185 346 208 221 166 123 824 1,207 PART II SUB-TOTAL 50 305 1,647 1,265 1,376 1,238 5,881 162 758 2,655 1,919 1,982 1,710 9,186 TOTALS 60 I 1 0 235 27 TABLE 9 ADULT MALE ARRESTS, BY OFFENSE AND AGE: ARIZONA, 1954 AGE CATEGORIES 112104. OFft615/ CLASS1FICA111311 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25-29 30-34 35-59 80-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 40-2.4 65-Mit 10111M 98111 1 mumil 31 WI 9119-34 l'.. HANSI. A1R;m II 8 4 it) 12 6 10 7 9 /a IS 16 9 S 8 I 3 51 I, .mAN5i 419.J-11111 3 1 2 2 2 U 1 9 1 2 I t 0 d 1 U U 77 17 11 9 1.5 15 25 15 182 01 28 58 6 5 7 I 4 291 r Uhi1I!ii1 NAP( 142 89 61 59 55 55 57 47 144 95 35 35 II 8 4 3 i 760 164,0/A81110 .115419 I 171 100 178 170 371 led 1 Is 748 526 104 199 II I 105 53. 111 74 3,116 tRi4L2 Aor 547 381 2% 252 211 2311 161 534 569 148 89 47 52 n 12 73 3,794 1.089 918 749 622 591 577 527 1,932 1,471 968 594 466 336 751 390 196 *1,619 91 SO so 48 3A 3J 38 II0 80 43 26 II 8 6 4 2 411 IS 211 14 58 46 24 IS 15 9 3 1 14 297 20,400 NOM NY I AHL 1191- lit f 1 Mu I ow *141111 14111 AW.ON 9847 1 599-10181. I5 16 1.4 18 2,024 1,650 1,387 1,176 1,104 1,055 978 3,641 2,624 1,548 982 473 511 339 240 1162 PM1 2 198 2% 784 283 549 544 )63 1,455 1,002 646 389 227 644 96 613 7,) 6,244 313)10143 1 [UuhI1NI11119; id 19 17 01 24 00 77 62 54 31 28 13 6 3 3 I 156 710110 26 24 18 24 35 31 41 164 168 98 49 30 25 19 7 6 745 4 3 1 6 6 7 9 14 9 12 5 II 3 2 I 0 95 50 63 47 77 ZS 27 29 913 73 38 23 I3 a 4 0 1 5331 RANDAL ISM 1101 170 190 IS'S /53 139 111 496 313 174 89 46 36 16 17 17 2,5J2 BL AP Oms I JI TU 80 90 77 67 57 269 191 128 62 52 19 19 17 15 1,310 RHOS ( I 1 u 1 JUN AND W98 RC I At v ICI 14 27 39 35 34 37 25 123 45 43 25 13 13 4 3 4 5116 513 1)1119515 62 74 120 96 1iU 112 95 405 )63 258 187 151 95 66 56 65 2,279 DRUGS (541.1 08 MANVACIU16 ) 113) 113 113 107 108 105 Ito 445 315 170 03 31 15 10 6 2 1,047 DRUGS (1055155 ION) 550 584 604 572 546 555 436 1,611 905 373 159 69 32 17 8 8 7,029 001 R ASSAUL 15-5 1MPL f 1981 20.1134 91 51uLF 6 PHOYI H 1 1' ALL GAPOIL VC 0151651S AGAI\51 tooky 091414 ureDI 4 ire 195t185c1 2 0 1 1 1 0 I 11 7 3 9 8 9 7 3 4 68 14 9 15 12 19 17 19 94 74 50 28 27 21 IS 5 a 471 474 806 1,043 1,165 1,124 1,219 1,212 5,254 3,842 2,709 1,741 1,194 879 611 3911 325 24,000 535 444 359 214 147 11,641 246 164 99 94 9,4)6 34 11 6 1,012 1,962 994 656 537 091 056 397 1,6015 1,199 899 746 343 530 529 401 491 650 4137 1,761 1,2118 779 3-24 327 69 8U 91 74 57 49 4U 208 138 93 65 55 ALL 011 9 1 47111 IHALF IC 1,027 1,161 1,105 1,370 1,007 999 8)7 3,549 2,319 1,424 961 653 554 346 229 160 37,390 PART II S4.B-101AL 5,212 5,029 3,045 4,832 4,653 4,614 4,220 17,418 12,215 7,928 5,172 3,413 2,591 1,792 1,140 929 89,247 10121 7,240 6,659 6,432 6,023 5,757 5,691 5,198 21,059 14,041 9,4% 6,154 4,008 3,102 2,131 1,300 1,391 106,647 LIQUOR LAMS 01509(4.919 CONDUCT veGA/45C) 33 TABLE 10 ADULT FEMALE ARRESTS, BY OFFENSE AND AGE: ARIZONA, 1984 AGE CATEGORIES OFFENSE CLASSIF ICA I ION Pall 18 19 20 tl LI 21 22 25 24 25.29 30-34 35-39 40-44 50-54 45-49 55-59 60-64 65-OVER 10141. ADULTS 1 MIND R AND NI1N-41G. 868551101Url II H 11 ML.MANSiAAGIOIR 11 U JUROR. 1 RAPI 5 Nowa ity 2t 11111145 ANY 19 21 156 116 LAHL:149-11111 81111311 VI H ICA I 141 II 1 I/ 21 26 111 89 SS 47 2, 22 27 1114 47 58 14 12 269 5,14 111 91 II 6U1 482 322 22$ 519 AR5UN 2 76 2 8 R 1] 11 U LH 25 464619411 0 kibluli I 11 2 7 1 2 1 S/7 7 5/5 126 163 IIH 211 5.284 0 U I SI 27 1 356 352 285 1,130 724 566 579 261 194 169 123 42 54 1,1 47 181 125 70 59 34 Is 8 1 111 10 3d 27 8 6 2 2 0 74 58 40 10 8 14 13 431 eaa 373 30(1 0111ER 45540115-SIIIFLE 54 48 45 1ORCERY 1 COUNIEREElIIvG I8 111 PARI 1 504-101AL •- •_ 219 6,258 a 4 85U 0 U 169 1 1 292 31 PARI 2 5 FRAUD 14 7 12 1118EZ2LE8IN1 1 6 2 a a 2 0 2 U 0 SJULEN pROPIRly 3 5 2 3 1 0 1 0 1 1 16 15 11 9 7 VANDALISM WI APON5 17 9 27 45 16 60 32 34 15 7 1 7 5 1 281 7 40 14 5 11 4 3 2 1 1 125 M511101104 AND COMMERCIAL VICE 66 119 137 156 126 112 1ZU 463 163 51 20 6 2 0 0 SEX OFFENSES 17 16 13 20 13 11 12 43 19 21 10 2 2 1 U 1,562 0 DRUGS (SALE OR 8ANUFACIU0E) 27 10 27 24 23 32 27 96 60 311 2 6 2 0 0 0 0 DRUGS (POSSESSION) 6d 85 98 84 89 62 53 234 145 49 19 6 3 1 1 1 998 2 a 1 0 0 0' 11 0 U 6 3 4 6 5 5 1 35 20 18 12 6 1 0 0 0 128 3,104 ALL GAMBLING 2 orriNg_s AGAINST TANILV DRIVING UNDER Ill INFLUENCE LIOUCR LAWS DISORDERLY CONDUCI 45 142 134 141 177 156 .163 651 493 349 262 158 109 59 45 22 375 188 All 84 84 95 57 251 181 127 108 63 43 29 19 6 1,821 55 77 88 93 85 62 67 353 107 157 116 52 51 21 6 12 1,482 31 33 16 18 17 18 13 47 43 18 7 7 0 SI 0 276 2U5 191 186 192 165 157 136 549 337 207 144 82 51 25 14 9 2,650 PART 11 SUB-TOTAL 1,013 947 924 875 847 744 3,137 1,926 1,187 821 447 307 169 37 59 14,400 10114. 1,444 1,355 1,224 1,211 1,199 1,029 4,275 2,650 1,753 1,200 708 501 338 220 278 20,654 VAGRANCY ALL 0114.R EXCEPT IRAFFIC Q2 ll 1,273 TABLE 11 ARRESTS BY OFFENSE, SEX, AND RACE/ETHNIC ORIGIN: 1984 AMER ICAN OFIENSI CLASS11 IcAT ION TOTALS WHITE RALT--FEMALE BLACK RACE-TEMitia INDIAN mAcr-FEMALE ASIAN, PACIFIC ISLANOER & OTHERS FEMALE MALE HISPANIC HALE FEMALE N01/-HISPANIC gicritliELT PART 1 HUHN R AND NON-NE G. MANSLAUGHTER 179 128 16 22 9 3 1 0 0 33 4 120 22 MANSL AUGH IF R BY NE CL ICE NO 35 26 5 1 U 3 0 0 0 3 0 27 5 F WC ISLE RAPE 322 240 2 51 0 28 0 1 0 89 1 231 1 RUBBERY 1,049 661 61 238 27 57 3 2 u 214 15 724 76 AaNAVAIE D ASSAM I 4,414 3,280 397 415 80 179 45 15 3 1,112 102 2,777 423 OURGL ARY 6,906 5,274 592 621 87 279 37 14 2 1,552 183 4,636 535 26,708 15,585 6,628 1,588 743 1,452 543 94 75 3,680 1,658 15,039 6,351 1,263 1,005 112 84 9 43 7 3 0 263 20 872 108 635 466 67 56 10 30 2 4 0 130 12 426 67 41,511 26,665 7,880 3,076 %5 2,074 638 133 80 7,0% 1,975 24,852 7,588 8,345 6,141 955 630 125 358 94 32 8 1,688 256 5,473 926 598 308 161 78 37 11 3 0 u 44 25 353 176 1,112 693 266 B2 40 21 7 1 2 66 3d 731 277 IMRE 22LT MEN, 149 98 39 5 0 5 0 1 1 19 5 90 35 STOLEN PROPERTY; BUYING, RECEIVING, & POSSESSING 815 624 57 104 6 21 1 2 0 174 16 577 48 VANDAL ISM 4,387 3,427 450 231 - 44 195 26 11 3 832 88 3,032 455 WEAPONS, CARRYING, POSSESSING, ETC. 1,709 1,354 107 155 26 52 10 5 0 411 25 1,155 118 PRO5 I 1 i1J110N AND COMMERCIAL VICE 2,120 415 888 73 668 30 32 5 9 88 142 435 1,455 16 L ANN NY-THEFI MOTOR VEHICLE ITif F f ARSON PART I SUB-TOTAL PARE 2 014 R ASSAULTS FORGERY & COUN IF OE 1 I ING FRAUD sE k OFFENSES 2,815 2,245 149 135 60 191 18 1 369 17 2,218 211 DRUGS (SALE OR MANUFACTURE ) 2,717 2,003 441 188 30 40 14 1 0 588 91 1,644 394 DRUGS (POSSESSION) 9,834 7,589 1,182 607 83 295 56 21 1 1,786 188 6,726 1.134 78 46 10 22 0 0 0 0 0 12 2 56 8 567 366 93 39 12 27 2d 0 2 117 22 315 113 DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE 27,474 21,749 2,772 562 46 1,954 342 43 6 5,237 334 19,071 2,832 L Mum LAWS 17,876 11,955 2,385 784 68 2,152 504 18 10 2,106 240 12,803 2,727 DISORDERLY CONDUC T 11,005 7,584 1,330 649 162 1,040 221 15 4 2,181 338 7,101 1,379 1,468 899 225 105 47 156 31 5 126 35 1439 268 24,021 16,160 2,951 1,455 455 2,496 416 58 3U 3,829 613 16,340 3,2.39 :URFEW AND LOITERING (JUVENILES) 2,533 1,615 797 52 10 38 i3 4 4 328 94 1,381 730 VUNAwAyS (JUVENILES) s) 2,088 814 1,154 32 19 28 31 7 3 115 1d8 766 1,019 'ART 11 5118-TOTAL 121,709 86,085 16,412 5 ,988 1,938 9,110 1,847 245 84 20,116 2,757 81,312 17,524 TOTAL 163,220 112,750 24,292 9,064 2,903 11,184 2,485 378 164 27,212 4,732 106,164 25,112 GAMBLING OFFENSES AGAINST FAMILY AND CHILDREN VAGRANCY ALL UNE R OFFENSES (E XCE P I TRAFFIC) 83 TABLE 12 VIOLENT CRIME ARRESTS AND RATES, BY AGE: ARIZONA, 111130-1984 Mato Par 100,000 Population) AGE 4 RATE 1982 RATE f 1983 RATE 1984 RATE 0 RATE_ 0 - 9 19 4.47 18 4.12 21 4.69 25 5.44 17 3.54 10 - 12 50 38.05 64 47.42 64 46.24 118 83.17 84 56.63 13 - 14 214 242.72 211 233.08 210 226.19 238 250.08 211 212.06 15 244 508.74 176 357.91 173 343.03 179 346.26 170 314.53 16 366 742.35 305 603.11 276 532.14 235 442.02 207 372.40 17 432 869.23 339 663.02 356 678.88 300 558.11 249 443.07 18 394 775.62 370 708.16 356 664.37 304 553.45 314 546.77 19 423 779.65 300 536.86 364 635.14 361 614.51 286 465.65 20 332 608.04 333 592.% 328 569.47 334 565.72 299 484.39 21 320 602.91 368 675.44 307 549.42 269 469.65 279 465.90 22 272 510.18 264 482.09 324 576.88 308 534.99 289 480.13 23 287 553.88 273 511.57 276 504.28 287 511.57 300 511.46 24 282 553.22 240 456.91 259 480.78 253 458.16 272 471.12 25 - 29 1,016 430.42 1,036 426.74 1,076 432.61 1,076 422.03 1,112 420.91 30 - 34 627 301.78 632 295.87 664 303.30 733 326.21 724 308.18 35 - 39 402 246.82 436 260.45 441 256.93 478 271.68 435 236.47 40 - 44 254 187.99 282 203.08 270 189.59 290 198.65 296 193.93 45 - 49 146 116.73 176 136.91 179 135.80 160 118.42 158 111.85 50 - 54 124 97.83 128 98.27 107 80.13 106 77.44 138 96.43 55 - 59 76 57.36 67 49.22 55 39.41 66 46.14 63 42.12 60 - 64 39 31.35 29 22.66 35 26.67 41 30.48 45 31.99 65 + 48 15.62 27 8.55 27 8.33 38 11.44 41 11.80 6,367 234.23 6,074 217.39 6,168 215.25 6,199 211.04 5,999 195.34 TOTAL 64 1981 1980 TABLE 13 PROPERTY CRIME ARRESTS AND RATES, BY AGE: ARIZONA,1980 - 1984 (Rate per 100,000 Populetion) AtlE 0 - 9 1980 1981 1982 0 RATE 0 RATE 0 RATE 1913 0 RATE 1984 0 RATE 670 157.67 628 143.80 654 145.93 645 140.40 704 146.57 10 - 12 1,550 1179.57 1,744 1292.33 2,135 1542.57 2,010 1416.77 1,981 1335.54 13 - 14 3,626 4112.56 3,799 4196.58 3,995 4303.01 3,912 4110.58 4,037 4057.29 15 2,638 5500.19 2,714 5519.18 2,626 5206.91 2,519 4872.72 2,538 4695.74 16 2,960 6003.69 3,012 5955.98 2,751 5304.05 2,406 4525.54 2,528 4547.99 17 2,694 5420.63 2,683 5247.41 2,641 5036.33 2,260 4204.42 2,127 3784.76 18 1,827 3596.60 2,160 4134.13 2,230 4161.61 2,117 3854.14 2,145 3735.11 19 1,618 2982.21 1,683 3011.81 1,769 3086.72 1,727 2939.77 1,752 2852.49 20 1,233 2258.16 1,452 2585.52 1,489 2585.20 1,366 2313.69 1,461 2366.87 21 1,033 1946.27 1,235 2266.76 1,289 2322.96 1,183 2065.40 1,197 1990.86 22 855 1603.68 951 1736.61 1,096 1951.43 1,116 1938.48 1,151 1912.21 23 785 1514.98 903 1692.12 871 1591.42 948 1689.78 1,107 1887.27 24 597 1171.19 755 1437.36 823 1527.72 850 1539.27 991 1716.46 25 - 29 2,233 945.98 2,773 1142.22 3,024 1215.80 3,355 1315.90 3,657 1371.91 30 - 34 1,335 642,56 1,658 776.18 2,005 915.83 2,314 1029.80 2,626 1117.78 35 - 39 828 508.37 1,060 633.19 1,292 752.73 1,392 791.16 1,699 923.61 40 - 44 523 387.08 668 481.05 869 610.19 979 670.62 1,065 697,77 45 - 49 437 349.40 530 412.29 604 456.22 670 495.87 776 549.32 50 - 54 348 274.56 431 330.91 469 351.23 604 441.27 567 396.20 55 - 54 246 185.65 293 215.23 324 232.17 426 297.81 445 297.54 60 - 64 170 136.66 236 184.43 292 222.49 347 257.94 318 226.09 65 + 334 108.67 376 119.11 470 145.02 513 154.42 640 184.26 28,540 1049.95 31,744 1136.15 33,727 1176.99 33,659 1145.92 35,512 1156.37 TOTAL 66 TABLE 14 PART II OFFENSE ARRESTS AND RATES BY AGE: ARIZONA,1980 - 1984 (Rat• p•r 100,000 Population) RATE RATE RATE RATE 1984 1983 1982 1981 1980 RATE 441 103.79 357 81.74 362 80.77 507 110.36 475 98.90 10 - 12 1,026 780.80 1,008 746.94 1,242 897.37 1,293 911.38 1,432 965.42 13 - 14 3,415 3873.24 3,611 3988.91 3,793 4085.44 4,167 4378.53 4,679 4702.51 15 3,633 7574.75 3,280 6670.14 3,506 6951,80 3,430 4420.45 3,831 7088.01 1i. 4,888 9914.20 4,649 9193.02 4,658 8980.110 4,281 5215.67 4,960 8923.27 17 5,532 11131.01 5,493 10743.20 5,767 10997,54 4,967 9240.41 5,685 10115.84 18 5,393 10616.56 6,072 11621.50 6,632 12376.60 6,136 11170.99 6,225 10839.66 19 5,521 10176.02 6,296 11267.00 6,256 10916.07 5,969 10160.69 5,976 9729.73 20 5,447 9975.83 6,315 11244.86 6,025 10460.61 5,995 10154.13 5,945 9631.12 21 5,014 9446.83 5,822 10685.90 5,817 10410.37 5,836 10189.08 5,776 9645.31 22 4,784 8973.08 5,374 9813.37 5,650 10059.82 5,638 9793.13 5,528 9183.94 23 4,537 8756,00 5,208 9759.21 5,329 9736.71 5,513 9826.74 5,483 9347.72 24 4,123 8088.44 4,803 9192.70 4,924 9140.35 4,854 8790.13 4,964 8597.90 25 - 29 15,787 6687.96 18,458 7603.02 19,474 7829.53 20,461 8025.24 20,555 7711.12 30 - 34 10,356 4984.50 12,446 5826.53 12,656 5780.95 13,904 6187.72 14,141 6019.21 35 - 39 6,572 4035.05 8,391 5012,401 8,407 4897.96 9,229 5245.42 9,115 4955.07 40 - 44 5,032 3724.23 5,669 4082.41 5,841 4101.39 6,182 4234.71 5,993 3926.51 45 - 49 3,609 2885.56 4,174 3247.01 3,921 2974.67 4,111 3042.57 3,862 2733.85 50 - 54 2,874 2267.47 3,346 2567.97 3,145 2355.24 3,144 2296.94 2,898 2025.03 55 - 59 1,902 1435.40 2,194 1611.66 2,031 1455.39 2,173 1519.09 1,%1 1311.20 60 - 64 1,157 930.06 1,195 935.19 1,282 976.84 1,325 984.93 1,237 879.48 897 291,84 1,079 341.80 1,140 351.76 1,046 314.86 988 284.46 101,940 3750.26 115,240 4124.55 117,687 4107.00 120,161 4090.87 121,709 3963.17 0 - 9 65 + TOTAL Scottsdale Public Library 3839 Civic Center Plaza Scottsdale, Arizona 85251 BB / TABLE 18 INDEX CRIMES: NUMBER OF ARRESTS, AND % CLEARED BY ARRESTS: ARIZONA, 1975 - 1984 YEAR MURDER 29,009 146 340 1,324 2,720 7,521 15,353 1,542 364 183,026 184 773 3,751 7,234 55,547 104,200 11,337 N/A 15.8 79.3 44.0 35.3 37.6 13.5 14.7 13.6 Arrests 27,980 157 355 1,038 2,677 6,981 15,185 1,543 Crimes 186,934 173 667 2,921 6,446 58,305 104,180 9,460 15.0 90.8 53.2 35.5 41.5 12.0 14.6 16.3 Arrests 28,988 171 308 1,124 2,944 6,660 16,015 1,701 272 Crimes 176,345 215 781 3,155 7,081 53,520 101,575 10,019 N/A 16.4 79.5 39.4 35.6 41.6 12.4 15.8 17.0 29,111 168 344 1,284 3,094 6,227 16,262 1,661 280 178,430 220 1,039 3,835 7,869 48,956 105,594 10,917 N/A 16.3 76.4 33.1 33.5 39.3 12.7 15.4 15.2 30,992 160 391 1,345 3,864 6,001 17,594 1,597 194,546 218 1,120 4,302 8,864 48,861 116,585 12,073 2,523 15.9 73.4 34.9 31.3 43.6 12.3 15.1 13.2 11.9 Arrests 34,907 191 422 1,550 4,168 6,565 20,008 1,616 351 Crimes 223,643 276 1,223 5,257 10,884 58,457 132,407 12,825 2,314 15.6 69.2 34.5 29.5 38.3 11.2 15.1 12.6 15.2 57,818 153 360 1,454 4,063 7,356 22,517 1,512 359 214,447 227 1,064 4,960 9,830 57,655 127,469 11,451 1,791 17.6 67.4 33.8 29.3 41.3 12.8 17.7 13.2 j 20.0 39,899 151 293 1,388 4,298 7,802 24,280 1,208 i 437 203,182 233 1,082 4,516 8,844 53,358 123,039 10,452 1,658 19.6 64.8 27.1 30.7 48.6 14,6 19.7 11.6 26.4 39,858 179 327 1,186 4,481 6,959 25,094 1,221 385 190,101 208 1,238 3,917 9,193 49,201 114,344 10,539 1,461 21.0 86.1 26.4 30.3 48.7 14.1 21.9 11.6 26.4 41,511 179 322 1,049 4,414 6,909 26,708 1,263 635 199,221 238 1,316 4,005 10,131 52,093 118,186 11,691 1,561 20.8 65.1 39.9 28.1 61.0 10.7 22.0 22.3 21.7 Crimes S Cleared by Arrest 1976 % Cleared by Arrest 1977 % Cleared by Arrest Arrests 1978 Crimes % Cleared by Arrest Arrests 1979 Crimes % Cleared by Arrest 1980 S Cleared by Arrest Arrests 1981 Crimes % Cleared by Arrest Arrests 1982 Crimea % Cleared by Arrest Arrests 1983 Crimes % Cleared by Arrest Arrests 1984 BURGLARY MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT TOTAL Arrests 1975 ROBBERY AGGRAVATED ASSAULT Crimes % Cleared by Arrest RAPE LARCENY ARSON 227 i I N/A 299 87