4u, tiuVI. Mit* CRIME IN ARIZONA 1980 An annual report compiled by the Uniform Crime Reporting Section Arizona Department of Public Safety 2310 North 20th Avenue Phoenix, Arizona 85009 Ralph T. Milstead, Director June 1981 NON-CI RCULATING 1172425k 11 TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword rii The Arizona Uniform Crime Reporting System History of Uniform Crime Reporting Objectives of Arizona UCR Considerations for Interpretation Portrait and Profile of Arizona Population Grouping 1 2 2 2 4 4 Uniform Crime Reporting Summary Data State Crime Summary Time Clock of Index Crimes 7 8 9 Part I Index Crimes Murder Definition and Analysis Murder Comparison by Month Murder Comparison Murder Victim by Time of Day Murder Victim by Day of Week Murder Victim Distribution by Relationship Murder Victim Distribution by Circumstance and Population Group Murder Victim by Age, Sex, Race and Ethnic Origin Murder by Type of Weapon Used 11 12 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 Rape Definition and Analysis Rape Comparison Forcible Rape Trend by Month Rape by Population Group Rapes per 1000 Population 16 16 17 17 17 Robbery Definition and Analysis Robbery Comparison Robbery by Month and Weapon Used Robbery by Location and Value Robbery by Population Group Robberies per 1000 Population 18 18 19 19 20 20 Aggravated Assault Definition and Analysis Assault by Weapon Used Aggravated Assault Comparison Assault by Population Group Assaults per 1000 Population Assault Trend by Month 21 21 21 22 22 22 Burglary Definition and Analysis Burglary Comparison Burglary by Month and Means of Entry Burglary by Location and Time Burglary by Population Group Burglaries per 1000 Population 23 23 24 24 25 25 Larceny-Theft Definition and Analysis Larceny-Theft Comparison Larceny-Theft by Value by Month Larceny-Theft by Population Group Larceny-Thefts per 1000 Population Larceny-Theft by Type by Month Larceny-Theft by Value of Property Stolen 26 26 27 27 27 28 28 ii Motor Vehicle Theft Definition and Analysis Stolen Vehicles by Type Motor Vehicle Theft Comparison Motor Vehicle Theft Trend by Month Motor Vehicle Recovery Information Motor Vehicle Theft by Population Group Motor Vehicle Thefts per 1000 Population 29 29 29 30 30 31 31 Arson Definition and Analysis Arson by Property Classification and Value Arson Comparison Arson Offenses by Property Type by Month Part I Index Crime Comparison Part I Crimes Cleared Value of Property Loss by Index Crime Offense — State Totals Type and Value of Property Stolen and Recovered — State Totals Index Crimes by County Value, in Dollars, of Property Stolen by Crime by County Type and Value, in Dollars, of Property Stolen and Recovered by County 32 32 32 33 34 35 36 36 37 38 39 Part I and Part II Arrest Data Persons Arrested Analysis Arrest by Age Group Arrest by Offense, Race and Ethnic Origin Arrest Comparison by Offense, by Sex and by Age Group Juvenile Male Arrests Juvenile Female Arrests Adult Male Arrests Adult Female Arrests 41 42 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 Law Enforcement Employee Data Number of Full Time Law Enforcement Employees by Agency 49 50 Assaults on Police In Memoriam Police Officers Assaulted Analysis Officers Assaulted by Month Officers Assaulted by Weapon Time of Assault Officers Assaulted by Activity 53 54 55 55 56 56 57 Appendices A. Map of Arizona Counties B. Glossary of Terms 59 60 61 Foreward In 1975, the Uniform Crime Reporting Section of the Department of Public Safety began an effort that culminated in the first statewide report of criminal activity in the state. Prior to 1975, no detailed statewide crime statistics were available regarding the reported incidents of crime in Arizona. With the issuance of Crime in Arizona 1980, a six year crime base has been established as a measure of the extent of crime. Crime in Arizona 1980 represents an effort by the law enforcement community throughout the state of Arizona to compile comprehensive reports covering incidence of crime in this state. Our deepest gratitude and thanks are extended to the sheriff's offices and police departments who, through their participation, made this report possible. Ralph T. Milstead Director iii The Arizona Uniform Crime Reporting System 1 HISTORY OF UNIFORM CRIME REPORTING CONSIDERATIONS FOR INTERPRETATION The Committee on Uniform Crime Records of the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP) was established in 1927 to initiate a national program for collecting crime information. This Committee's responsibility to provide management information to law enforcement agencies was eventually turned over to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) in 1930, when the FBI received a Congressional mandate to collect and disseminate national crime information. The IACP has continued to serve the Uniform Crime Reporting Program (UCR) in an advisory capacity, and has been joined in this responsibility by the Committee on Crime Records ol the National Sheriff's Association (NSA) in 1966. Statistics are a tool used to summarize information so that patterns or trends become clearer. All statistics The Arizona uniform Crime Reporting (AUCR) Section first began receiving voluntary crime information from Arizona law enforcement agencies in January 1975. Prior to this date these agencies submitted their crime data directly to the FBI. At the close of calendar year 1980, all 92 eligible law enforcement agencies were contributing crime data to the AUCR unit. OBJECTIVES OF ARIZONA UCR Because increasing attention has been focused on the problem of crime in our communities in recent years, many segments of our population need more complete information for a variety of reasons. Law enforcement professionals, managers and administrators who must focus on crime in their own jurisdictions, also need to know what is occurring in surrounding jurisdictions in order to deploy personnel and equipment most efficiently. Researchers and planners need to know what is actually happening to predict trends and recommend changes. The goal of Crime in Arizona is to identify the nature and extent of criminal activity in this state and present the information needed by each of these groups. This information will not in itself prevent crime, but it may encourage all segments of society, by understanding the problem, to work together with law enforcement agencies to reduce crime through more effective enforcement. The objectives of Crime in Arizona are (1) To identify the nature and extent of crime in our state; (2) To provide the management information needed by the law enforcement community to augment their ability to attack the crime problem; (3) To provide our citizens with the most complete information available; (4) To provide legislators with the information necessary to formulate laws which address the crime problems, and (5) To provide sufficient detailed data for researchers and planners. must be interpreted with an understanding of just what it is that they can say. Too often information of the type in this report is used incorrectly to draw concl usions that the statistics simply do not support. We ask that great care be taken in analysis and interpretation. The following factors have a major influence on the statistics presented in this report: 1. Crime figures are police statistics as distinguished from the findings of a court, coroner, jury or decision of a prosecutor. 2. Density and size of community population. 3. Variations in composition particularly age structure. 4. Stability of population with respect to transient factors. 5. Economic conditions, including job availability 6. Climate. 7. Effective strength of law enforcement agencies, some police jurisdictions overlap. 8. Attitudes of citizenry toward crime. 9. Crime reporting practices of citizenry. of the population, 10. Crime rates are based on census-fixed residential populations of police jurisdictions. 11. Crimes committed on Indian reservations are not counted in the AUCR program, although their population is included in the state's population figures. To obtain accurate information from many different agencies, the national UCR program had to precisely define the methods for collecting such information as the number of offenses, arrests, clearances and value of stolen or recovered property. The methods of collecting and some resulting limitations are explained below. Classification of Offenses UCR divides offenses into two major classifications which are designated Part I and Part II offenses. This distinction is important to keep in mind because different information is collected for each. Part I offenses include: Violent Crimes 1. 2. 3. 4. Criminal Homicide Forcible Rape Robbery Aggravated Assault Property Crimes 5. 6. 7. 8. Burglary Larceny-Theft Motor Vehicle Theft Arson Note: The first seven offenses are used to calculate the Crime Index. Arson is too new to incorporate at this time. Arson will be included when there is a historical data base compiled. Part II offenses include: 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24, 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. Other Assaults-simple Forgery and Counterfeiting Fraud Embezzlement Stolen Property: Buying, Receiving, Possessing, Etc. Vandalism Weapons: Carrying, Possessing, Etc. Prostitution Sex Offenses (Except forcible rape and prostitution) Narcotic Drug Laws Gambling Offenses Against Family and Children Driving Under the Influence Liquor Laws Drunkenness (not reported in Arizona) Disorderly Conduct Vagrancy Ali Other Offenses (except traffic) Suspicion (not reported in Arizona) Curfew and Loitering Law Violations (Juveniles) Runaways (Juven iles ) Note: Only arrests are counted for Part 11 offenses. All offenses are classified on the basis of law enforcement officer investigation in accordance with UCR offense definitions (which will not necessarily be identical to Criminal Code definitions). Because UCR identifies a police problem, offense classifications are not based on the findings of a court, coroner, jury or decision of a prosecutor. For robbery and larceny-theft, one offense is counted for each distinct operation which is separate in time and place. The number of victims in any one operation does not determine the number of offenses. For burglary, one offense is counted for each structure which is illegally entered. However, when the structure is en apartment house, business or office building in which units are leased for a period of time, one offense is counted for each unit burglarized. For motor vehicle theft, one offense is counted for each vehicle stolen. Note: Attempts to commit any of the above are also counted as offenses, except that attempts to kill and assaults to kill are counted as aggravated assaults. For multiple offenses that occur in one crime incident, only the most serious offense is counted. In cases when an arson occurs in conjunction with other Part I crimes, both are reported. Part I offenses are ranked according to seriousness and appear in order from most serious to least serious under "Classification of Offenses", above. Clearances An offense is considered cleared (solved) when at least one offender is arrested for a crime, even though several may have been involved. Offenses may also be cleared by exceptional means when the offender: commits suicide; makes a dying declaration; confesses while in custody or serving time for another crime; is prosecuted in another jurisdiction for the same offense; is a juvenile who is handled by notifying the parents; when the victim refuses to prosecute or another jurisdiction refuses to extradite the offender. Clearances are counted as "adult" and "juvenile." A "juvenile" clearance is counted only when juveniles are exclusively involved in the clearance of an offense. If the arrest of both adults and juveniles results in a clearance, it is counted as an "adult" clearance. Property Stolen and Recovered Counting of Offenses The number of offenses is counted only for Part I crimes and simple assault. The method of counting varies with the type of crime committed, and it is important to remember that the number of offenders does not determine the number of offenses. For murder and nannegligent manslaughter, negligent manslaughter, rape, aggravated assault and simple assault, one offense is counted for each victim, regardless of the number of offenders involved. The figures for value of property stolen and recovered report the value at each point in time. Although property can increase in value over time, it is more likely that stolen property will be recovered in a damaged condition. Therefore, recovery value does not necessarily represent a "clearance rate" for stolen property, and one cannot use it to determine law enforcement effectiveness in recovering stolen goods. Because stolen and recovered property figures indicate thefts and recoveries in the current year, it is important to note that 3 recovered property may have been stolen in a previous year. In addition, the type and value of stolen or recovered property is reported only for Part I offenses and does not include such Part II offenses as fraud, forgery or embezzlement. Arrests Arrest information is collected for all Part I and Part II offenses according to the age, sex and race of the offender. It is not possible, however, to correlate race with sex or specific ages because the information is collected independently, thus limiting analysis. Furthermore, arrest figures cannot be directly related to the number of crimes cleared because arrest totals count all offenders arrested for each offense, and clearance totals count only the offenses for which an arrest(s) or exceptional clearances have occurred. center in southern Arizona, has an estimated population of 330,537 people. More than 40 percent of the people who live in Arizona live in these two cities. One of the unique characteristics of Arizona is its temperate climate. This factor, along with the economic opportunities and a desire to live in the West, has contributed to the state's dynamic population and economic growth. The state's population density is 24 persons per square mile, with a total population of 2,717,866. This figure includes the Indians living on the reservations within the state. Arizona experienced strong economic growth during 1980 with manufacturing, mining, tourism and travel, and agriculture producing the greatest majority of income for Arizonans. POPULATION GROUPING Reporting Variations and Procedures Arizona now receives Uniform Crime Reports from all eligible 92 law enforcement agencies. One must be aware that unintentional variations from UCR guidelines may occur that would affect the validity of the data presented in this report. Offense totals vary from the actual number of offenses that occur because UCR statistics are based on crimes that are reported to law enforcement agencies and many crimes are not reported. Each contributing law enforcement agency is responsible for compiling its own monthly reports. To aid in this endeavor, the Arizona UCR guide manual and the FBI UCR handbook are supplied to all contributors. These manuals outline reporting procedures in detail and are complete with examples and illustrations. Additionally, our Field Representatives provide instruction and clarification as required. Each agency is supplied with twelve sets of monthly report forms which are used by the agencies to submit their reports. PORTRAIT AND PROFILE OF ARIZONA Arizona, with 113,909 square miles, is the sixth largest state in the United States. Much of this area is owned by the Federal Government in the form of Indian reservations, National Parks, and National Forests. Arizona is 69% federally owned; 27% of that federal ownership is in the form of Indian reservations. The state owns 13%, leaving 18% to private ownership. Arizona has two principal metropolitan areas, Phoenix and Tucson (Maricopa and Pima counties). Phoenix, the capitol city, is the financial, commercial, retail, cultural and employment hub in the state, as well as the largest population center with an estimated 764,911 people. Tucson, the largest business, educational and cultural 4 The crime statistics reported by an individual agency indicates what is happening in one particular area. AUCR groups jurisdictions on the basis of population size and reports crime rates among these groups. The cities, towns and counties within the state have been divided into seven groups according to population size. The seventh group (ungrouped) is provided for identification of volume and type of crime to account for total offenses. This population grouping factor has some influence on the volume and type of crime presented in this report. For use in interpreting this report, the UCH grouping is listed below: Group No. 1 Over 250,000 population. There are two (2) cities that fall within this group. 2 100,001 to 250,000 population. There are four (4) cities and counties that fall within this group. 3 50,001 to 100,000 population. There are two (2) cities that fall within this group. 4 25,001 to 50,000 population. There are twelve (12) cities and counties that fall within this group. 5 10,001 to 25,000 population. There are nine (9) cities, towns, or counties that fall within this group. 6 10,000 or less population. There are fifty-four (54) cities, towns, or counties that fall within this group. 7 Ungrouped. There are nine (9) reporting agencies. These are Educational Institutions and the Department of Public Safety, that by definition do not have measurable population. For purposes of this report, they are combined for the crimes by population distribution. The following is a listing by population group of law enforcement agencies submitting crime data to the Uniform Crime Reporting Section. AGENCY Apache County S.O. Apache Junction P.D. Arizona DPS ASU AZ Western College Avondale P.D. Benson P.D. Bisbee P.D. Buckeye P.D. Casa Grande P.D. Central AZ College Chandler P.D. Clarkdale P.D. Clifton P.D. Cochise S.O. Coconino S.O. Coolidge P.D. Cottonwood P.D. Douglas P.D. Duncan P.D. Eagar P.D. Eastern AZ College El Mirage P.D. Eloy P.D. Flagstaff P.D. Florence P.D. Fredonia P.D. Gila S.O. Gilbert P.D. Glendale P.D. Globe P.D. Goodyear P.D. Graham S.O. Greenlee S.O. Hayden P.D. Holbrook P.D. Huachuca City P.D. Jerome P.D. Kearny P.D. Kingman P.D. Lake Havasu City P.D. Mammoth P.D. Marana P.D. Maricopa S.O. POPULATION GROUP NO. 4 6 7 7 7 6 6 5 6 5 7 5 6 6 5 4 6 6 5 6 6 7 6 6 4 6 6 5 6 3 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 6 6 2 AGENCY Mesa P.D. Miami P.D. Mohave S.O. Navajo S.O. Nogales P.D. Northern AZ Univ. Oro Valley P.D. Page P.D. Paradise Valley P.D. Parker P.D. Patagonia P.D. Payson P.D. Peoria P.D. Phoenix P.D. P i ma Comm. College Pima P.D. Pima S.O. Pinal S.O. Prescott P.D. Safford P.D. St. Johns P.D. Santa Cruz S.O. Scottsdale P.D. Show Low P.D. Sierra Vista P.D. Snowflake P.D. Somerton P.D. South Tucson P.D. Springerville P.D. Superior P.D. Surprise P.D. Taylor P.D. Tempe P.D. Thatcher P.D. Tolleson P.D. Tombstone P.D. Tucson P.D. University of AZ Wickenburg P.D. Willcox P.D. Williams P.D. Winkelman P.D. Winslow P.D. Yavapai Comm. College Yavapai 5.0. Youngtown P.D. Yuma P.D. Yuma S.O. POPULATION GROUP NO. 2 6 5 4 5 7 6 6 5 6 6 6 6 1 7 6 2 4 5 6 6 6 3 6 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 2 6 6 6 1 7 6 6 6 6 6 7 4 6 4 4 Note: Population figures for these groups are furnished by the U. S. Bureau of Census, 5 Uniform Crime Reporting Summary Data 7 STATE CRIME SUMMARY OFFENSES • There were 221,329 Crime Index Offenses reported. Of these offenses, 18 percent were cleared. • The crime rate for the state of Arizona was established at 81.4 offenses for every 1,000 inhabitants. • A total of 17,640 violent crimes were reported to law enforcement agencies, an increase of 22% over 1979. • A total of 203,689 property crimes, exclusive of arson, were reported statewide, an increase of 15% over 1979. • The value of property stolen amounted to $136,047,306. The value of property recovered was $33,995,523 for a recovery rate of 25 percent, a decrease of 7 percent over 1979. • In 1980, law enforcement agencies reported 276 murders, an increase of 27 percent over 1979, the largest percentage increase of the eight index crimes. Handguns were used in 46 percent of all murders. • Bank robberies increased 32 percent over 1979 and had the largest dollar loss per robbery, $4,318. • Aggravated Assaults accounted for 10,884 Crime Index Offenses. Of these 30 percent were committed by the use of hands, fists, feet, etc. The number of aggravated assaults increased 23 percent over 1979. • Burglary accounted for a substantial value of property loss amounting to $53,898,119. Residential burglaries accounted for 71 percent of all burglaries reported. Of these, 34 percent were committed during the day. • Larceny-Theft represented the largest number of our Crime Index Offenses. The 132,407 offenses accounted for 60 percent of the State Crime Index. • In 1980, 12,825 motor vehicles were stolen with a property value of $45,325,702. There were 8,857 vehicles recovered with a reported value of $28,412,276. INDEX CRIME COMPARISON INDEX CRIMES Murder OFFENSES 1979 1980 CLEARANCES Change 1979 1980 Change 218 276 Forcible Rape 1,120 1,223 + Robbery 4,302 5,257 + 22.2% 1,184 1,326 + 12.0% Aggravated Assault 8,864 10,884 + 22.8% 5,176 6,528 + 26.1% + 19.6% 5,870 6,799 + 15.8% 21,200 23,463 + 10.7% 2,084 2,006 - 3.7% 36,172 40,843 + 12.9% Burglary Larceny-Theft Motor Vehicle Theft TOTALS Arson TOTALS 48,861 58,457 116,585 132,407 12,073 12,825 192,023 221,329 2,523 2,314 194,546 223,643 + 26.6% + 13.6% + 157 9.2% 6.2% + 15.3% - 8.3% + 15.0% 501 , 1 ' 356 36,528 192 + 22.3% 529 + 411 41,254 ARRESTS • During 1980, there were 136,847 persons arrested for all Criminal Acts. • Adults accounted for 79 percent of all Violent Crime arrests, • Juveniles accounted for 50 percent of all Property Crimes and 25 percent of all arrests made during 1980. LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS KILLED AND ASSAULTED • Two Arizona law enforcement officers lost their life in 1980. • There were 1,465 Assaults on Police Officers reported of which 97 percent were cleared. 8 5.6% + 15.4% + 12.9% TIME CLOCK OF INDEX CRIMES 1980 24 48 60 18 12 36 45 15 12 24 MURDER ONE EVERY 32 HOURS 30 ARSON ONE EVERY 4 HOURS BURGLARY ONE EVERY 9 MINUTES 24 60 18 45 15 15 45 12 30 RAPE ONE EVERY 7 HOURS 30 LARCENY-THEFT ONE EVERY 4 MINUTES 1 INDEX CRIME EVERY 2 MINUTES 24 18 6 12 ROBBERY ONE EVERY 2 HOURS 45 15 30 ASSAULT ONE EVERY 48 MINUTES 16 45 30 MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT ONE EVERY 41 MINUTES The clock should be viewed with care. Being the most aggregate representation of UCR data, it is designed to convey the annual reported crime experience by showing the relative frequency of occurrence of the Index Offenses. 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JapinA ayl 19A0 luopJad LZ sto pap uapooe pue aporns 'otnesse .05auuou /njl.lH4 alli itnesse JO Eldwane sapniox3 .Jewoue Aq uosJed Quo jo oullfoi 2ua5 13 N0LLINIA3C1 E132H911V1SNVIAI IN391103NNON aNY taatiniN MURDER VICTIM BY TIME OF DAY UNKNOWN 13 4.7% 2:01 AM 10:00 AM 67 24.3% 6:01 PM 2:00 AM 115 41.7% 10:01 AM 6:00 PM 81 29.3% 276 REPORTED MURDERS DURING 1980 MURDER VICTIM BY DAY OF WEEK 44 16.0% 31 11.2% MON 33 12.0% 29 10.5% TUE WED 60 21.7% 47 17.0% 32 11.6% THU FRI SAT SUN• 13 MURDER VICTIM DISTRIBUTION BY RELATIONSHIP HUSBAND 7 2.5% OTHERS 16 5.8% WIFE 14 5.1% UNDETERMINABLE 78 28.3% ACQUAINTANCE 86 31.2% OTHER FAMILY 23 8.3% FRIEND 10 3.6% STRANGER 42 15.2% MURDER VICTIM DISTRIBUTION BY CIRCUMSTANCE Er POPULATION GROUP POPULATION GROUP 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 To 250,000 50,001 To 25,001 To 10,001 To 100,000 50,000 25,000 10,000 Or Less Ungrouped 1 3 2 3 100,001 Circumstance Over 250,000 1 Lovers Triangle 6 2 Brawl Due to Alcoholi Narcotics 7 7 Felony Murder 16 9 1 Argument (Property/Money) and Other Arguments 43 8 Other Murders 69 TOTALS Distribution 14 Totals Dist. 1 13 4.7% 2 7 28 10.2% 5 1 2 34 12.3% 1 15 3 9 79 28.6% 22 2 14 6 9 122 44.2% 141 48 7 40 12 28 276 100% 51.1% 17.4% 2 5% 14.5% 4.4% 10 1% L — MURDER VICTIM BY AGE, SEX, RACE Et ETHNIC ORIGIN Sex Age Number Distribution Male Infant 3 1.1% 1-4 5 1.8% 2 5-9 4 1.5% 4 Race Female White Black Ethnic Origin Indian Asian Hispanic Not Hispanic 3 3 1 2 3. 5 2 3 4 1 3 10-14 3 1.1% 1 2 3 15-19 31 11.2% 26 5 24 6 1 20-24 45 16.3% 39 6 41 3 1 25-29 42 15.2% 36 6 36 5 1 — 30-34 37 13.4% 22 15 31 2 4 1 2 12 . 19 18 27 7 35 -- 8 29 35-39 20 7.2% 9 11 19 — 1 — 6 14 40-44 11 4.0% 9 2 9 1 1 — 4 7 45-49 18 6.5% 16 2 14 4 — — 9 9 2 16 1 7 — 8 50-54 18 6.5% 13 5 14 4 55-59 8 2.9% 6 2 6 2 60-64 8 2.9% 7 1 7 - 1 — — 3 6 — — — 6 — 1 2 9 65-69 1 0.4% 1 70-74 6 2.2% 3 75 and Over Unknown TOTALS 11 4.0% 1.8% 5 276 100% Distribution ADULT JUVENILE UNKNOWN 245 88.8% 25 9.0% 6 2.2% 4 7 10 3 2 4 201 75 237 72.8% 27.2% 85.9% — 1 • 1 — 1 27 9.8% 12 5 — 4.3% 74 202 26.8% 73.2% MURDER BY TYPE OF WEAPON USED NUMBER OF OFFENSES WEAPON Handgun 128 DISTRIBUTION 46.4% Rifle Shotgun Knife or Cutting Instrument Blunt Object (Club, Hammer, etc 1 Personal Weapon (Hands, Fists, Feet, etc.) All Other Weapons 15 RAPE DEFINITION Et ANALYSIS The carnal knowledge of a female through the use of force or threat of force. Assaults to commit forcible rape are also included; however statutory rape (without force) is not counted in this category Rapes reported in Arizona increased 9 percent over the number reported in 1979. A total of 1,223 rapes were reported, which represents 7 percent of all reported violent crimes and .6 of one percent of the state crime index. Of the total rapes, forcible accounted for 74 percent (906) and attempted 26 percent (3171. The largest number of forcible rapes, 92, was reported in May and September, followed by June, 89, and July, 84. Rapes had a clearance rate of 43 percent, down 2 percent from 1979. Of the 529 clearances, 496 or 93 percent were adults and 37 or 7 percent were juveniles. RAPE COMPARISON 1980 1979 1978 1977 906 870 751 561 317 288 250 220 FORCIBLE ATTEMPTED FORCIBLE RAPE RAPE RAPE ATTEMPTED RAPE FORCIBLE RAPE ATTEMPTED RAPE WATOTO1 ACTUAL OFFENSES 16 gigasit CLEARANCES FORCIBLE RAPT ATTEMPTED RAPE FORCIBLE RAPE TREND BY MONTH AR, ••••n■ • 4,..71,..100.1,.. •-4 5 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC KEY: 1980 1975-79 Avg. RAPE BY POPULATION GROUP 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Over 250,000 100,001 To 250,000 50,001 To 100,000 25,001 To 50,000 10,001 To 25,000 10,000 Or Less Ungrouped Rape By Force Distribution 493 54.4% 210 23.2% 33 3.7% 107 11.8% 21 2.3% 40 4.4% 2 .2% Attempted Rape Distribution 166 52.4% 78 24.6% 10 3.2% 46 14.5% 5 1.6% 11 3.4% 1 .3% Total Distribution 53.9% 23.6% 3.5% 12.5% 2.1% 4.2% .2% Population Group RAPES PER 1000 POPULATION .45 .32 .25 .19 .18 .16 Over 250,000 100,001 To 250,000 50,001 To 100,000 25,001 To 50,000 10,001 To 25,000 10,000 Or Less re4440.■ FORCIBLE RAPE . $11 41 : S ATTEMPTED RAPE 17 ROBBERY DEFINITION Et ANALYSIS The taking or attempting to take anything of value from the care, custody, or control of a person by force or threat of force and/or by putting the victim in fear. Bank robberies had the lowest number of reported robberies, but the largest loss per robbery, $4,318. The reported value of $5.8 million taken in robberies was up from the $1.9 million in 1979. Firearm was the weapon used in 45 percent of the robberies and strong-arm (hands, fists, feet, etc.) was used 37 percent of the time. During 1980, Arizonans reported 5,257 robberies, an increase of 22 percent (9551 over the number of robberies reported during 1979. Robbery represents 30 percent of the violent crimes and 2 percent of the state crime index, the same as in 1979. Robberies occurring on highways, that is streets, alleys and sidewalks, were the most frequent type of robbery reported, 1,841 or 35 percent of all robberies. Robberies of residences had the highest total dollar loss, $1.5 million, up $1.2 million from 1979. Of the seven types of robbery locations collected, Service Stations had the highest increase, 62 percent over 1979. Robberies had a clearance rate of 25 percent, down 3 percent from 1979. Of the 1,326 clearances, 1,124 or 85 percent were adults and 202 or 15 percent were juveniles. ROBBERY COMPARISON 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 5,257 4,302 3,835 3,155 2,921 11. ACTUAL OFFENSES 18 .N.YettO, CLEARANCES ROBBERY BY MONTH Et WEAPON USED WEAPON Total Dist Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Firearm 2,347 44.7% 168 204 209 236 215 214 203 185 183 167 178 185 Knife or Cutting Instrument 628 11.9% 46 57 56 49 58 60 53 44 47 41 51 66 Other Dangerous Weapons 326 6.2% 28 27 36 26 23 30 26 25 33 25 28 19 Strong Arm 1,956 37.29'0 172 158 184 180 152 150 161 179 166 156 160 138 TOTALS 5,257 — 414 446 485 491 448 454 443 433 429 389 417 408 8.5% 9.2% 9.3% 8.5% 8.7% 8.4% 8.2% 8.2% 7.4% 7.9% 7,8% Distribution — 100% _ 7.9% ROBBERY BY LOCATION Et VALUE Number Of Offenses Distribution Total Dollar Value Stolen Average Dollar Value Stolen Highway 1,841 35.0% $ 767,995 S 41700 Commercial House 1,316 25.0% 2,334,210 1,774.00 Gas Or Service Station 320 6.1% 152,651 Convenience Store 679 12.9% 118,828 175.00 Residence 595 11.3% 1,519,924 2,554,00 Bank 115 2.2% 496,514 4,31800 Miscellaneous 391 7.5% 381,925 977.00 5,257 100% $5,772,047 $1,098.00 LOCATION TOTALS , 477.00 19 ROBBERY BY POPULATION GROUP 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Over 250,000 100,001 To 250,000 50,001 To 100,000 25,001 To 50,000 10,001 To 25,000 10,000 Or Less Ungrouped Robbery 3,692 615 327 336 69 204 14 Distribution 70.2% 6.2% 6.4% 1.3% 3.9% .3% Population Group 11.7% ROBBERIES PER 1000 POPULATION 3.37 1.76 .96 .94 .77 .52 Over 250,000 20 100,001 To 250,000 50,001 To 100,000 25,001 To 50,000 10,001 To 25,000 10,000 Or Less AGGRAVATED ASSAULT DEFINITION Et ANALYSIS The unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purpose of inflicting severe bodily injury usually accompanied by the use of a weapon or other means likely to produce death or serious bodily harm. Law enforcement agencies reported a total of 26,145 assaults, 15 percent more than in 1979. Of this, 10,884 142%) were aggravated and 15,261 (58%) were simple. Simple assault is primarily differentiated from aggravated assault by the seriousness of the injury and the weapon used. Simple assault is not a Crime Index offense but is reported here for the purpose of showing the total assault violence. Aggravated assault increased 23 percent from 1979 and simple assault increased 10 percent. Aggravated assault represents 62 percent of violent crimes and 5 percent of the state crime index. ASSAULT BY WEAPON USED Number of Offenses Distribution Firearm 2,954 27.1% Knife or Cutting Instrument 1,874 17.2% Other Dangerous Weapon 2,813 25.9% Hands, Fists, Feet, Etc. 3,243 Weapon The largest number of aggravated assaults for one month occurred during August, 1,081, with the next highest month being September, 1,060. 10,884 TOTALS ••• 29.8% 100% Assaults were cleared 60 percent of the time, up 2 percent from 1979. Of the 10,884 assaults, adults accounted for 88 percent of the clearances and juveniles 12 percent. AGGRAVATED ASSAULT COMPARISON 1980 1979 1978 1977 1976 10,884 7,869 7,081 6,446 41:52 1 .. 11•11 ACTUAL OFFENSES CLEARANCES 21 ASSAULT BY POPULATION GROUP 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Over 250,000 100,001 To 250,000 50,001 To 100,000 25,001 To 50,000 10,001 To 25,000 10,000 Or Less Ungrouped Aggravated Assault 5,112 2,331 541 1,281 432 1,121 66 Distribution 47.0% 21.4% 5.0% 11.7% 4.0% 10.3% 0.6% Population Group ASSAULTS PER 1000 POPULATION 5.30 4.67 3.55 3.23 2.92 100,001 To. 250,000 Over 250,000 50,001 To 100,000 2.94 25,001 To 50,000 10,001 To 25,000 10,000 Or Less ASSAULT TREND BY MONTH 1100 1050 1000 750 700 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC KEY: 1980 22 1975-79 Avg. BURGLARY DEFINITION Et ANALYSIS The unlawful entry of a "structure" to commit a felony or theft. The use of force to gain entry is not required to classify the crime as burglary. A structure is considered to include the following, but not limited to: dwelling houses, apartments, public buildings, offices, barns, cabins, etc. During 1980, there were 58,457 burglaries reported in Arizona, an increase of 20 percent from 1979. Burglary represents 29 percent of the property crimes and 26 percent of the state crime index. A reported value of $53.8 million was lost to all burglaries during 1980, up from the $31.4 million reported in 1979. The majority (75%) of the dollar loss occurred during residential burglaries, $40.6 Million. The largest number of burglaries occurred during December, 5,792, with the next highest month being July, 5,211. Forcible entry was used in 70 percent of the burglaries. Residential burglaries accounted for 71 percent of all burglaries. Of those residential burglaries, 34 percent occurred during the day. Forty-nine percent of non-residential burglaries occurred at night. Burglaries had a clearance rate of 11.6 percent, down slightly from the 12 percent in 1979. Of the 6,799 clearances, 4,541 or 67 percent were adults and 2,258 or 33 percent were juveniles. There were 564 more persons arrested in 1980 than in 1979 for burglary, and again in 1980, more juveniles than adults were arrested. The burglary clearance rate remains the lowest of the eight index crimes. BURGLARY COMPARISON 1976 1977 1978 1979 198C 58,457 53,520 53,306 48,956 1111 48,861 O. O.ONPON . .ONAONAON ACTUAL OFFENSES CLEARANCES 23 BURGLARY BY MONTH Et MEANS OF ENTRY , Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Total Dist Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Forcible Entry 40,757 69.7% 3,165 3,052 3,212 3,100 3,182 3,263 3,685 3,800 3,220 3,324 3,534 4,220 Unlawful Entry No Force 13,283 22.7% 1,093 959 1,052 1,000 1,090 1,134 1,093 1,227 1,144 1,187 1,151 1,153 Attempted Forcible Entry 4,417 7.6% 334 342 328 342 401 377 416 334 339 352 419 TOTALS 58,457 - 4,592 4,353 4,592 4,442 4,673 4,774 5,443 4,698 4,850 5,037 5,792 433 _ 5,211 BURGLARY BY LOCATION Fir TIME LOCATION Distribution Value Stolen 41,756 71.4% 540,670,193 Night 16 PM-6 AM) 13,429 32.2% 11,677,949 Day 16 AM-6 PM) 14,257 34.1% 15,634,231 Unknown 14,070 33.7% 13,358,013 16,701 28.6% 13,227,926 Night 16 PM-6 AM) 8207 49.2% 5,959,532 Day 16 AM-6 PM) 1,475 8.8% 919,586 Unknown 7,019 42.0% 6,348,808 58,457 100.0% $53,898,119 Residence Total Non-Residence Total TOTALS 24 Number of Offenses - BURGLARY BY POPULATION GROUP 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Population Group Over 250,000 100,001 To 250,000 50,001 To 100,000 25,001 To 50,000 10,001 To 25,000 10,000 Or Less Ungrouped Burglary 33,529 10,578 3,914 4,849 1,919 3,383 285 Distribution 57.3% 18.1% 6.7% 8.3% 3.3% 5.8% .5% _ BURGLARIES PER 1000 POPULATION 30.61 21.12 16.09 15.98 14,34 11.12 Over 250,000 100,001 To 250,000 50,001 To 100,000 25,001 To 50,000 10,001 To 25,000 10,000 Or Less 25 LARCENY-THEFT DEFINITION & ANALYSIS The unlawful taking or stealing of property or articles without the use of force, violence, or fraud. This crime category does not include embezzlement, fraud, and worthless checks. The value range of dollar loss with the largest number of larcenies, was under $50, as in 1979. The value range of $200 and over had the largest reported dollar loss, $26.4 million, 83 percent of all larceny loss. Larceny-theft, as in years past, is the largest component of the eight index crimes. Arizona law enforcement agencies reported 132,407 larcenies, an increase of 14 percent over 1979. Larceny-theft accounted for 65 percent of the property crimes and 60 percent of the state crime index. In 1980 as in 1979, theft from motor vehicles and theft of motor vehicle parts and accessories accounted for over one-third, (35%) of all larcenies. Pocket-picking and purse snatching were the least reported type of larcenies. The greatest number of larcenies occurred during August, 11,828. All months showed an increase over the corresponding month in 1979 with July showing the largest gain, 1,959. Larceny-theft clearances dropped slightly from 18.2 percent to 17.7 percent in 1980. Adults accounted for 69 percent of the larceny clearances and juveniles 31 percent. There were 2,414 more larceny arrests in 1980 than in 1979. The increase of 15,822 in the number of larcenies between 1979 vs 1980, resulted in a reported value loss increase of 27 percent, $6.7 million. LARCENY-THEFT COMPARISON 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 132,407 116,585 105, 594 104,180 101,575 19,110 NWANNWIN ••••••••••• 441.011* 44M44 18.8% 11011M 44.140 4/011.14•01/* 0,0,11,01.11.0.10 ACTUAL OFFENSES 26 470104% IY4WOM. CLEARANCES LARCENY-THEFT BY VALUE BY MONTH VALUE Total Over $200 $50 to $200 Under $50 .., Totals Dist Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 29,732 22.5% 2,387 2,427 2,637 2,363 2,291 2,274 2,604 2,621 2,379 2,618 2,435 2,696 42,512 32.1% 3,251 3,203 3,556 3,265 3,326 3,633 3,778 4,102 3,715 3,805 3,447 3,431 60,163 45,4% 5,152 5,202 5,591 5,089 5,090 4,692 4,947 5,105 4,893 4,891 4,566 4,945 132,407 100% 10,790 10,832 11,784 10,717 10,707 10,599 11,329 11,828 10,985 11,316 10,448 11,072 LARCENY-THEFT BY POPULATION GROUP 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Over 250,000 100,001 To 250,000 50,001 To 100,000 25,001 To 50,000 10,001 To 25,000 10,000 Or Less Ungrouped Larceny-Theft 73,574 23,204 8,748 11,541 4,551 7,948 2,841 Distribution 55.6% 17.5% 6.6% 3.4% 6.0% 2.2% Population Group 8.7% LARCENY-THEFTS PER 1000 POPULATION 67.16 47.20 37.55 35.28 34.02 26.48 Over 250,000 100,001 To 250,000 50,001 To 100,000 25,001 To 50,000 10,001 To 25,000 10,000 Or Less 27 LARCENY-THEFT BY TYPE BY MONTH Classification Total Dist Jan Feb Mar Jun Apr Pocket Picking 486 4% 33 39 31 El Purse Snatching 711 5% 54 62 66 76 Shoplifting 26,371 199°-o 2,069 2,182 2,439 2,245 From Motor Vehicle 17,434 132% 1,607 1,460 1,481 1 , 400 Motor Vehicle Parts'Access. 28 , 858 21.8')';, 2,512 2,446 2,651 Bicycles 17,979 13.6% 1,146 1,235 1,531 From Buildings 18,484 14.0% 1,529 1,571 1,597 704, 67 97 93 21 8% 15,9°'o 1,773 1,740 10,790 10,832 From Coin Operated Machines All Other TOTALS 956 132,407 - Aug Jul Sep Nov Dec 43 50 40 48 45 39 41 47 48 46 61 70 45 47 64 72 1,976 2,128 2,101 2,207 2,238 2,214 2,321 1 , 209 1,371 1,435 1,602 1,398 1,555 1,442 1,474 2,183 2,213 2,324 2,496 2,567 2,335 2,623 2,313 2,195 1,502 1,537 1,741 1,679 1,763 1,687 1,482 1,337 1,339 1,527 1,406 1,498 1,684 1,505 1,537 1,444 1,720 69 66 88 83 94 89 81 64 65 1,895 1,741 1 ,818 1,597 1,909 1,899 1,674 1,714 1,529 1,839 11,784 10,717 10,707 10,599 11,329 11,828 10,985 11,316 10,448 11,072 LARCENY-THEFT BY VALUE OF PROPERTY STOLEN LARCENY-THEFT 28 Oct $31,980,502 $200 And Over $50 To $200 Under $50 26,428,487 4,504,309 1,047,706 Pocket-Picking Purse Snatching Shoplifting From Motor Vehicle Vehicle Parts, Accessories Bicycles From Buildings Coin-Operated Machines All Other 308,401 86,892 708,317 5,921,615 3,910,746 2,021,261 6,964,797 58,902 11,989,571 MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT DEFINITION Et ANALYSIS The unlawful taking or stealing of a motor vehicle including attempts. This definition excludes taking for temporary use by those persons having lawful access to the vehicle. Arizona law enforcement agencies reported 12,825 motor vehicle thefts, a 6 percent increase over 1979. Motor vehicle theft accounted for 6 percent of the property crime and 6 percent of the state crime index. STOLEN VEHICLES BY TYPE Type As in 1979, March had the largest total of reported vehicle thefts, 1,251 and November had the lowest, 903. Of the motor vehicles stolen 69 percent (8,857) were recovered. This is a decrease of 4 percent over 1979. Motor vehicle thefts accounted for a reported dollar loss of $45,325,702. Of that amount, $24,412,276 was recovered. The recovered amount reflects the value of the vehicle when recovered and may be lower than the value when stolen because of parts missing or damaged. Number Stolen Distribution Automobiles 6,365 49.6% Trucks Et Buses 3,308 25.8% Motorcycles 2,654 20.7% 498 3.9% 12,825 100% Other Vehicles TOTALS Motor vehicle theft clearances decreased 2 percent in 1980 from 1979. Of the 2,006 clearances, adults accounted for 69 percent and juveniles 31 percent. There were 19 more persons arrested for motor vehicle theft in 1980 than in 1979. Again in 1980, the number of juveniles arrested 1855) exceeded the adults (761). MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT COMPARISON 1976 1979 1978 1977 1980 12,825 12,073 10,917 10,019 9,460 111111 vcwswee ACTUAL OFFENSES **Wm CLEARANCES ME RECOVERIES 29 MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT TREND BY MONTH 1300 1250 1200 1150 1100 1050 1000 ..... ...... At 950 -- • 1 ***** ••••• 900 --- • •- • • • • • • 850 — •• •• • .4r. • •46 .... 800 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 1975-1979 Avg. KEY: 1980 MOTOR VEHICLE RECOVERY INFORMATION Situation Total Jan - Feb Mar Apr May Jun Stolen Locally Recovered Locally 6,623 622 525 612 534 520 560 Stolen Locally Recovered by Other Agencies In State 1,850 163 158 216 164 137 384 32 33 34 19 Total Locally Stolen 8,857 817 716 862 Stolen Out Of Town, Instate, Recovered Locally 1,538 130 133 838 67 2,376 11,233 Stolen Locally Recovered by Other Agencies Out Of State l Stolen Out Of State— Recovered Locally Total Recovered/Stolen Out Of Town Or State TOTALS 30 Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 612 606 500 534 466 532 141 180 144 135 140 124 148 28 39 38 29 43 21 36 32 717 685 740 830 779 678 695 626 712 158 135 132 122 131 131 128 118 120 100 91 69 66 84 68 63 69 67 75 54 65 197 224 227 201 216 190 194 200 195 193 174 165 1,014 940 1,089 918 901 930 1,024 979 873 888 800 877 MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT BY POPULATION GROUP 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Over 250,000 100,001 To 250,000 50,001 To 100,000 25,001 To 50,000 10,001 To 25,000 10,000 Or Less Ungrouped Motor Vehicle Theft 7,763 2,005 867 1,078 387 639 86 Distribution 60.5% 15.6% 6.8% 8.4% 5.0% .7% Population Group 3.0% MOTOR VEHICLE THEFTS PER 1000 POPULATION 7.09 4.68 3.05 3.02 2.89 2.47 Over 250,000 100,001 To 250,000 50,001 To 100,000 25,001 To 50,000 10,001 To 25,000 10,000 Or Less 31 ARSON DEFINITION Et ANALYSIS Arson is defined by the national Uniform Crime Reporting Program to include any willful or malicious burning or attempts to burn, with or without intent to defraud, a dwelling house, public building, motor vehicle or aircraft, personal property of another, etc. There were 2,314 arson offenses reported to law enforcement agencies in 1980, a decrease of 209 offenses or 8 percent from 1979. Arson of Structures accounted for 1,174 offenses or 51 percent of all reported arsons; Mobile units 701 offenses or 30 percent and All Other 439 offenses or 19 percent. Motor vehicles remains the largest category of reported arsons, 645, while Industrial/Manufacturing remains the lowest with 13 offenses, over 1979. Although arsons decreased over 1979, the Estimated Value of Property Damage increased $5.5 million. Other Commercial (stores, restaurants, offices, etc_), had the largest reported dollar loss, $6,703,929, 40 percent of all Structural loss, up 5 percent over 1979 and 36 percent of all arson losses, an increase of 6 percent over 1979. Arsons were cleared 18 percent of the time, up 4 percent over 1979, There were 52 more persons arrested in1980 than in 1979, an increase of 17 percent. Of the arrests, juveniles accounted for 62 percent and adults 38 percent. ARSON BY PROPERTY CLASSIFICATION AND VALUE PROPERTY CLASSIFICATION Number of Offenses Number of Clearances Estimated Value of Property Damage 1,174 235 $16,671,203 Mobile 701 75 1,278,563 Other 439 101 576,167 2,314 411 $18,525,933 Structural TOTALS ARSON COMPARISON 1979 1980 2,523 2,314 ACTUAL OFFENSES : 32 ,••••••••• Wee4.0.4.4.0 11.4414440401 44114111114411. CLEARANCES ARSON OFFENSES BY PROPERTY TYPE BY MONTH TOTAL Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Value of Property Damage 1,174 79 95 115 113 93 99 87 87 91 93 108 114 $16,671,203 Single Occupancy Residential: Houses, Townhouses, Duplexes, etc. 473 31 31 39 50 41 45 37 35 44 39 33 48 3,259,148 Other Residential: Apartments, Hotels, Motels, Dormitories, Boarding Houses, etc. 129 4 11 16 9 13 11 11 7 8 12 13 14 277,648 Storage: Barns, Garages, Warehouses, etc. 81 4 4 13 6 4 8 8 6 3 6 9 10 473,210 Industrial/Manufacturing 13 1 1 1 5 1 1 3,094,650 289 29 29 19 PROPERTY CLASSIFICATION TOTAL STRUCTURE Other Commercial: Stores, Restaurants, Offices, etc. 1 2 27 26 22 21 24 19 17 34 22 6,703,929 r Community/Public: Churches, Jails, Schools, Colleges, Hospitals, etc. All Other Structure: Monuments, Buildings Under Construction, etc. TOTAL MOBILE Motor Vehicles: Automobiles, Trucks, Buses, UCR Definition Motorcycles, etc.: Other Mobile Property: Trailers, Recreational Vehicles, Airplanes, Boats, etc. TOTAL OTHER Crops, Timber, Fences, Signs, etc. . 145 9 13 21 17 6 11 8 8 14 11 12 15 1,665,948 44 1 6 6 4 3 1 2 5 3 3 6 4 1,196,670 701 55 52 63 51 57 71 62 61 62 73 50 44 $ 1,278,563 645 51 48 58 45 55 63 61 58 54 65 46 41 988,498 56 4 4 5 6 2 8 1 3 8 8 4 3 290,065 52 30 20 41 39 25 201 178 173 207 197 183 439 44 26 . 24 34 47 - TOTALS 2,314 178 173 202 198 197 57 , 227 $ 576,167 518,525,933 PART I CRIMES CLEARED JUVENILE ADULT Murder Rape 15.2% Robbery 84.8% Aggravated Assault 33.2% Burglary 31.3% Larceny-Theft Motor Vehicle Theft Arson TOTALS 30.8% os s:::• vieoi 448% 27.7% '44ii. ;$ 55.2% 72.3% VALUE OF PROPERTY LOSS BY INDEX CRIME OFFENSE - STATE TOTALS The table below reflects the amount of property stolen by offense category. Burglary accounted for the highest property loss, $53,898,119, or 39 percent of the total. The next highest category was motor vehicle theft with $44,256,458, or 32 percent of the total. Dist. Average Value 77,440 0.1% $ 281.00 62,740 0.1% 51.00 Offenses Dist. Value of Property Stolen 276 0.1% $ Rape 1,223 0.6% Robbery 5,257 2.4% Aggravated Assault 10,884 4.9% Burglary 58,457 26.4% 132,407 59.8% 31,980,502 215% 242.00 12,825 5.8% 44,256,458 32.5% 3,451.00 221,329 100% $136,047,306 100% $ 615.00 OFFENSE Murder Larceny-Theft Motor Vehicle Theft* TOTALS Number of 1,098.00 4.2% 5,772,047 _., _.% ■■••■••■., . ........Z.:.:. 01.......1, .441•40:0411011, .•-........ ..k.t..............S.24.--,. -•:•:•:•..t......... ........:07,4 ZetZ:Z■O. •............0 AC•:4444, "OP 0.4 IN"..1"1".11C■NON DIC.f....... . ..,............:,4z.........0,. -4 t tr..."10....................• - .. , ,,,,,,..0.. .44:4.e..z..c.., . .....,,,, . .. . ... ,„0„. . .:., . ...„,...... -•-•4444.441....-•......... •4••••••0,...44-..."*"..............-..:...t...2.:.:.c....................,, .........P.....•."....................„...:............................. ,.......,,,,.....2, 40,..04,241............... ,, •_,Ce.:1 ....- ... -... 922.00 39.6% 53,898,119 TYPE AND VALUE OF PROPERTY STOLEN AND RECOVERED - STATE TOTALS The table below reflects the amount of property stolen and recovered by type of property. Locally stolen motor vehicles accounted for the highest property loss as a single category, $45,325,702. Locally stolen motor vehicles was also the most easily recovered property, $28,412,276, with a recovery rate of over 83 percent. Percent Value Stolen Dist. Value Recovered Recovered $ 7,610,807 5.59% $ 433,144 1.27% 28,331,365 20.82% 801,672 2.36% 1,767,818 1.30% 198,703 0.58% 45,325,702 33.32% 28,412,276 83.58% 1,371,897 1.01% 101,413 0.30% 11,861,408 8.72% 521,035 1.53% Firearms 1518,360 1.85% 163,195 0.48% Household Goods 4,173,465 3.07% 150,868 0.44% Consumable Goods 974,118 0.72% 121,063 0.36% Livestock 696,084 0.51 % 79,937 0.24% 31,416,282 23.09% 3,012,217 8.86% $33,995,523 24.99% TYPE OF PROPERTY Currency and Notes Jewelry and Precious Metals Clothing and Furs Locally Stolen Motor Vehicles Office Equipment TVs, Radios, Cameras, etc. Miscellaneous TOTALS $136,047,306 100% *Motor vehicles that were stolen in conjunction with a more ''serious" index offense such as robbery or burglary are not included in this count. This count represents only those instances in which motor vehicle theft was the only or most "serious" offense committed. The total value shown here reflects the value of all property stolen during the commission of the offense (i.e., not just the value of each vehicle). 36 INDEX CRIMES BY COUNTY T INDEX OFFENSES Apache Cochise Coconino Gila Graham Greenlee Maricopa Mohave Navajo Pima Pinal Santa Cruz Yavapai Yuma CRIMINAL HOMICIDE Murder and Nonnegligent Manslaughter - 8 1 11 1 4 17 43 6 - 1 156 2 6 50 19 1 3 18 785 16 15 246 15 1 13 2 186 60 38 26 12 3 2 1 9 8 1 24 16 40 FORCIBLE RAPE Rape By Force Attempts to Commit 3 10 7 33 10 6 - - 1 1 - 579 206 ROBBERY 1 28 93 14 8 - 4,019 42 33 8 7 - 1,863 458 249 26 4 3 797 322 124 37 112 39 6 12 3 - 1 16 2 2 3 4 - 19 6 3 2 21 6 3 - 9 1 4 100 24 15 9 - 8 45 5 1 1,449 9 8 314 55 3 7 52 ASSAULT Firearm Knife or Cutting Instrument Other Dangerous Weapon Hands, Fists, Feet, Etc. Aggravated 30 260 246 77 51 6,306 284 165 1,876 1,078 1,926 51 27 59 23 21 29 2,184 621 446 439 579 161 103 132 62 8 2 7 142 23 5 16 531 101 92 91 147 92 678 183 45 98 247 889 580 12,809 1,540 494 399 30 65 701 1,544 1,102 370 68 442 220 39 925 455 164 Firearm Knife or Cutting Instrument Other Dangerous Weapon Strong-Arm (Hands, Fists, Feet, Etc.) 28 3 8 5 39 29 39 24 36 45 12 10 12 5 14 9 7 3 4 14 153 141 43 23 14 BURGLARY Forcible Entry Unlawful Entry - No Force Attempted Forcible Entry 119 830 313 168 118 72 45 2 570 236 24 983 572 335 76 180 120 13 114 52 2 82 34 2 25,427 9,264 2,678 438 368 83 421 127 32 10,013 1,627 1,169 LARCENY-THEFT 277 2,030 3,566 806 489 163 83,582 2,043 1,446 28,400 3,196 496 1,644 4,269 17 9 6 2 - 156 69 61 19 7 235 127 66 34 8 41 22 10 3 9 - 14 8,526 256 126 2,538 262 67 150 16 13 8 4 4 3 7 - 4,352 2,104 1,761 309 110 59 59 28 60 38 24 1,213 694 564 116 61 67 33 30 3 66 44 22 415 180 126 75 4 67 18 1 18 34 448 3,329 5,167 1,268 739 324 140,743 3,532 2,357 47,024 5,746 1,126 2,670 6,917 12 44 26 9 1 5 1,322 45 23 581 103 4 23 116 460 3,373 5,193 1,277 740 329 142,065 3,577 2,380 47,605 5,849 1,130 2,693 7,033 MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT Autos Trucks and Buses Motorcycles Other Vehicles SUBTOTAL ARSON TOTALS 1,426 l 37,369 VALUE, IN DOLLARS, OF PROPERTY STOLEN BY CRIME BY COUNTY INDEX OFFENSES Apache Cochise Coconino Gila Graham Greenlee Maricopa Mohave Navajo Pima Pinal Santa Cruz Yavapai Yuma HOMICIDE 0 4,200 0 0 0 0 28,615 0 1,000 4,000 25 0 0 FORCIBLE RAPE 0 0 280 50 0 0 38,907 8,155 373 12,598 1,822 0 283 272 705 15,440 124,733 7,086 1,660 0 69 6,298 438 281 0 0 0 0 275 165 400 400 0 420 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 862 168 1,217 863 0 1,300 0 108,243 142,731 9,963 11,418 136,458 6,460 10,459 79,599 53,479 1,649 7,049 3,438 1,691 0 12,293 630 78,684 35,682 1,798 3,349 3,860 0 1,360 21,349 2,973 3,503 3,594 2,409 8,845 0 25 425,732 10,799 1,844 381 1,272 226 0 918 4,977,351 476,572 2,095,466 117,792 94,246 1,351,915 488,754 352,606 4,410 0 0 0 0 705 0 0 17,358 8,544 6,592 0 284 1,545 0 393 95,994 27,770 40,002 10,254 868 14,279 0 2,821 53,219 561,417 38,947 36,398,616 462,819 360,463 12,421,057 911,610 403,206 427,048 203,259 68,458 155,331 134,369 76,939 9,317 48,113 176,984 111,885 67,634 9,202 35,049 5,099 639 4,403 25,057 151,953 42,627 12,345 4,184 26,098 10,592 5,588 2,007 2,997 495,393 327,923 72,658 59,262 196,003 167,470 90,509 11,590 65,371 85,228 15,742 4,513 64,973 66,725 31,301 4,349 31,075 28,750 14,844 2,231 11,675 10,197 7,771 41 2,385 27,380,787 6,673,877 9,826,261 10,880,649 9,017,829 3,096,905 418,323 5,502,601 295,536 94,418 57,931 143,187 167,283 88,793 14,145 64,345 177,248 75,627 10,001 91,620 183,215 156,003 1,515 25,697 9,973,876 3,756,557 5,188,319 1,029,000 2,447,181 1,745,222 417,354 284,605 582,857 225,225 93,840 263,792 328,753 162,973 10,944 154,836 320,682 196,972 100,721 22,989 82,524 74,308 3,187 5,029 443,712 270,029 69,149 40,615 160,265 173,683 116,830 6,817 50,036 1,018,723 645,717 199,642 168,693 277,382 373,006 270,751 15,594 86,661 LARCENY-THEFT 90,702 426,935 752,618 443,516 71,741 16,682 485,534 1,106,002 613,521 116,986 22,111 408,957 29,697 4,862 49,895 19,065 2,781 8,505 6,731 1,446 637,843 577,303 51,693 8,847 118,734 333,508 78,399 15,028 792,989 718,938 60,639 13,412 839,455 79,490 9,465 1,747 20,184,215 16,814,573 2,703,274 666,368 6,013,536 $200 And Over $50 To $200 Under $50 4,676,123 1,090,784 246,629 708,612 107,863 22,980 96,859 18,076 3,799 420,884 54,320 10,330 921,319 157,317 27,366 Pocket-Picking Purse Snatching Shoplifting From Motor Vehicle Motor Vehicle Parts And Access. Bicycles From Buildings Coin-Operated Machines All Other 300 0 257 10,411 310 1,418 6,479 54,186 1,156 5 10,854 255,752 305 841 867 19,733 50 1,034 3,046 17,895 0 725 100 4,352 284,376 55,328 540,181 3,539,549 1,335 942 5,258 101,125 1,237 5,643 11,905 133,169 13,262 23,931 101,715 1,282,637 2,512 ' 4,655 9,778 147,786 0 145 3,324 27,539 1,112 328 5,975 45,009 2,446 1,897 8,578 282,472 5,942 1,278 9,415 7 63,092 35,214 40,920 80,558 377 207,473 60,156 43,997 210,786 6,069 163,843 21,319 5,037 59,844 486 335,084 6,162 10,093 15,642 100 17,719 2,983 1,930 827 0 5,765 2,801,823 1,240,940 4,013,606 26,553 7,681,859 59,725 17,592 101,472 1,998 503,542 23,052 19,313 133,334 1,228 308,962 630,823 529,154 1,931,939 11,287 1,488,788 99,907 35,487 121,865 4,534 412,931 14,234 7,695 39,101 799 25,897 27,356 11,491 126,863 3,312 264,088 122,050 56,334 119,545 2,152 510,528 MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT 101,053 510,567 859,529 137,721 53,631 19,160 30,364,772 949,932 410,132 8,004,865 808,904 419,725 575,337 1,041,130 TOTAL STOLEN 245,679 1,518,559 2,232,553 765,357 278,985 74,789 91,992,476 2,235,244 1,414,221 26,881,788 2,641,415 942,295 1,522,224 3,301,721 ROBBERY Highway Commercial House Gas Or Service Station Convenience Stare Residence Bank Miscellaneous BURGLARY Residence Night, 6 PM - 6 AM Day, 6 AM - 6 PM Unknown Non-Residence Night, 6 PM - 6 AM Day, 6 AM -6 PM Unknown 0 0 0 0 0 0 630 39,600 TYPE AND VALUE, IN DOLLARS, OF PROPERTY STOLEN AND RECOVERED BY COUNTY STOLEN Apache Cochise Coconino Gila Graham Greenlee Maricopa Mohave Navajo Pima Pinal Santa Cruz Yavapai Yuma Currency, Notes, Etc. Jewelry/Precious Metals Clothing and Furs 10,383 3,976 3,466 105,060 169,791 25,675 262,641 208,043 59,978 58,642 87,134 4,370 21,161 76,830 614 9,042 8,575 431 4,615,757 20,950,424 1,143,266 269,051 120,288 27,357 114,012 124,043 24,759 1,559,989 5,623,463 345,128 156,699 339,280 36,828 78,761 155,017 29,438 84,741 176,638 14,346 264,868 287,863 52,162 Locally Stolen Vehicles Office Equipment Stereos/TV's/Cameras 34,403 160 7,158 549,557 15,263 99,276 895,022 7,015 199,556 140,521 9,022 33,392 54,631 637 14,407 19,160 50 11,619 31,146,967 966,600 7,955,910 944,192 4,145 124,783 430,692 6,997 74,644 8,103,887 295,438 2,719,910 868,617 12,434 183,169 419,725 9,482 68,584 613,395 14,297 98,913 1,104,933 30,357 270,087 Firearms Household Goods Consumable Goods 8,074 10,771 4,767 45,866 69,499 23,470 39,291 135,200 20,280 26,160 15,270 6,335 10,586 2,410 4,427 1,853 2,967 452 1,496,267 2,193,944 562,764 33,586 70,707 45,225 32,016 55,746 17,263 631,943 1,324,320 180,458 68,585 81,830 45,811 8,130 8,493 5,558 Livestock Miscellaneous 11,817 150,704 5,030 410,072 1,858 403,669 615 383,896 300 92,982 350 20,290 51,345 20,909,232 96,470 499,440 1,829 532,220 507,360 5,589,892 2,880 845,282 6,500 153,607 4,955 398,528 5,775 1,026,468 TOTAL STOLEN 245,679 1,518,559 2,232,553 765,357 278,985 74,789 91,992,476 2,235,244 1,414,221 25,881,788 2,641,415 942,295 1,522,224 3,301,721 Currency, Notes, Etc. Jewelry/Precious Metals Clothing and Furs 3,356 360 1,548 3,792 19,374 4,929 64,034 24,189 8,602 11,207 25,202 286 4,641 58,388 402 213 60 0 Locally Stolen Vehicles Office Equipment Stereos/TV's/Cameras 14,603 0 1,778 230,620 1,221 12,139 816,318 1,544 27,351 106,921 4,600 5,134 37,750 0 3,726 12,700 0 640 2,332 2,146 984 5,296 6,642 1,844 14,220 12,310 3,882 5,598 1,035 766 1,513 790 982 Livestock Miscellaneous 3,500 14,104 520 48,154 1,500 47,718 315 154,596 TOTAL RECOVER ED 44,711 334,531 1,021,668 315,660 40,185 56,344 19,882 75,818 145,964 37,426 RECOVERED Firearms Household Goods Consumable Goods 7,641 6,859 13,538 11,655 9,744 2,624 24,415 116,215 40,446 17,372 10,881 3,196 725 3,150 2,051 19,487,364 77,952 287,210 722,152 1,695 15,310 316,224 45 9,709 4,714,055 4,205 69,691 538,863 3,901 22,997 257,830 200 7,630 411,322 583 27,829 745,554 5,467 29,891 458 74 11 78,427 68,182 68,787 2,455 5,391 17,680 9,055 7,642 1,099 17,360 14,532 15,935 11,264 9,292 3,079 280 42 737 2,446 2,466 1,716 12,491 20,324 3,561 300 45,975 0 1,806 21,945 1,916,697 13,400 119,537 0 51,085 27,667 359,295 255 91,658 5,500 5,464 4,735 44,398- 300 111,730 154,467 15,962 22,805,308 925,658 418,882 5,403,816 712,758 283,609 521,375 1,037,118 209,533 476,070 113,141 , 2,495 20,899 ' 2,486 72,065 30,281 5,454 41 PERSONS ARRESTED The number of arrests are primarily a measure of police activity. The number of arrests also provides a useful indicator of criminal involvement of perpetrators by age, sex and race, particularly for those crimes which have a high solution rate. The reporting procedures used in the UCR program require that an arrest be counted on each separate occasion a person is taken into custody, summoned or cited, except for traffic violators other than DWI. It should be kept in mind that the volume of arrests may vary from time to time due to differences in local arrest procedures and policies. A juvenile is counted as "arrested" when the circumstances are such that if he or she were an adult, an arrest would be counted or when law enforcement or other official action beyond a mere interview, warning or admonishment is taken. Beginning with the 1980 UCR submissions, ethnic information {hispanic/not hispanic) is being reported for all persons arrested and for the victims and offenders in murder offenses. The reporting of ethnicity was required by a directive issued by the Office of Management and Budget which established standard classifications for recordkeeping. ANALYSIS Arizona law enforcement officers arrested a total of 136,847 persons in 1980. This is 14,920 or 12 percent more than in 1979. There were 34,907 persons arrested for Part I offenses. This is an increase of 12 percent over the 31,291 persons arrested in 1979. Adults accounted for 75 percent of the total arrests and Juveniles 25 percent. Male arrests accounted for 116,159 or 85 percent and females 20,688 or 15 percent. Of the 34,398 Juveniles arrested in 1980, 17,526 or 51 percent were 15 years or younger. This represents a decrease of less than one percent from 1979. As to race, Whites accounted for 84 percent of the total arrests, Indians 9 percent and Blacks 7 percent. Of the 136,847 persons arrested, Hispanics accounted for 26,594, or 19 percent and Not Hispanics, 110,253 or 91 percent. ARREST BY AGE GROUP JUVENILE ADULT Murder Rape Robbery Aggravated Assault Burglary 46.7% Larceny-Theft 52.2% Motor Vehicle Theft Arson TOTALS 42 47.1% 62.4% 37.6% ARREST BY OFFENSE, RACE Et ETHNIC ORIGIN OFFENSE Number of Arrests Distribution 191 .14% .07 161 36 .03% .01 34 Rate Per 1,000 Population White Black Indian 25 5 Asian Hispanic Not Hispanic PART I Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter Manslaughter by negligence - 2 48 143 6 30 Forcible rape . 422 .31% .16 300 80 39 3 104 318 Robbery 1,550 1.13% .57 1,083 381 84 2 304 1,246 Aggravated assault 4,168 3.04% 1.53 3,456 456 252 4 1,080 3,088 Burglary Larceny-theft Motor vehicle theft 6,565 4.80% 2.42 5,637 693 221 14 1,319 5,246 20,008 14.62% 7.36 16,720 1,725 1,503 60 3,742 16,266 1,616 1.18% .59 1,443 111 57 5 245 1,371 25 6 47 304 351 .26% .13 320 34,907 25.51% 12.84 29,154 3,496 2,169 88 6,895 28,012 5,199 3.80% 1.91 4,364 487 335 13 1,303 3,896 516 .38% .19 428 69 18 1 44 472 1,292 .94% .48 1,121 113 50 8 63 1,229 Embezzlement 226 .17% .08 208 13 5 14 212 Stolen property; buying, receiving, possessing 939 .69% .35 785 109 42 Arson SUBTOTAL PART II Other assaults, simple Forgery and counterfeiting Fraud 3 184 755 Vandalism 3,576 2.61% 1.32 3,234 153 183 6 725 2,851 Weapons: carrying, possessing, etc. 1,707 1.25% .63 1,411 225 65 6 454 1,253 Prostitution and commercial vice 1,307 .95% .48 823 459 17 8 113 1,194 Sex Offenses, (except forcible rape and prostitution) 1,934 1.41% .71 1,593 161 171 9 256 1,678 Drug abuse violations 8,000 5.85% 2.94 7,269 535 184 12 1,067 6,933 6 45 Gambling Offenses against family and children Driving under the influence Liquor laws Disorderly conduct Vagrancy All other offenses !except traffic) Curfew and loitering laws ljuveniles) 51 .04% .02 35 15 1 225 .16% .08 183 8 32 2 48 177 34,514 25.22% 12.70 30,237 945 3,264 68 6,628 27,886 15 1,695 6,126 24 2,572 7,803 65 351 3,661 15,855 7,821 5.72% 2.88 5,780 262 1,764 10,375 7.58% 3.82 8,164 763 1,424 416 .30% .15 291 40 85 19,516 14.26% 7.18 16,123 1,418 1,927 1,789 1.31% .66 1,681 56 51 1 545 1,244 16 256 2,281 48 2,537 1.85% .93 2,331 69 121 SUBTOTAL 101,940 74.49% 37.51 86,061 5,900 9,739 240 19,699 82,241 TOTALS 136,847 100% 50.35 115,215 9,396 11,908 328 26,594 110,253 84.19% 6.87% 8.70% .24% - 19.43% 80.57% Runaway liuvenile.$) Distribution 43 ARREST COMPARISON BY OFFENSE, BY SEX, Et BY AGE GROUP JUVENILE ADULT 1978 PART I Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter Manslaughter by negligence Forcible rape Robbery Aggravated assault Burglary Larceny-theft Motor vehicle theft Arson SUBTOTAL PART II Other assaults, simple Forgery and counterfeiting 1979 1979 1978 1980 FEMALE MALE FEMALE MALE OFFENSE 1980 1978 1979 1980 131 125 159 20 23 12 16 11 19 53 31 26 10 5 1 8 3 9 294 318 368 1 1 1 49 72 53 341 344 739 862 895 1,065 65 76 108 315 2,280 2,747 3,022 210 269 280 543 1978 1979 1980 1 1 1 1 42 33 764 61 109 102 232 261 33 2,466 2,874 206 143 193 3,352 3,160 3,237 286 4,810 6,105 7,941 2,157 2,247 2,501 6,565 6,482 6,797 2,730 2,760 2,769 600 620 716 41 55 45 923 856 757 97 66 98 189 __. 6 12 30 2,383 83 98 110 9 15 22 182 174 11,496 13,405 16,281 2,719 2,834 3,163 11,953 11,838 12,169 3,223 3,214 3,294 2,505 2,803 3,460 304 294 434 1,091 1,033 1,007 267 267 298 253 260 314 96 136 112 46 68 67 24 53 23 19 24 27 Fraud 836 765 903 220 217 281 86 94 81 Embezzlement 138 169 146 37 36 44 18 14 29 7 5 7 Stolen property; buying, receiving, possessing 594 469 591 65 58 60 382 219 256 39 20 32 Vandalism 945 1,359 1,608 93 126 143 1,575 1,692 1,689 156 150 136 1,327 1,225 1,216 145 118 120 298 347 341 22 13 30 420 510 399 653 687 857 4 8 14 27 41 37 Weapons: carrying, possessing, etc. Prostitution and commercial vice Sex Offenses, (except forcible rape and prostitution) 1,063 1,141 1,497 Drug abuse violations 4,864 4,412 5,560 1"\ 37 30 132 85 73 768 643 45 5 7 134 173 43 23,911 27,682 30,766 Liquor laws 3,338 3,870 Disorderly conduct 8,026 464 10,763 250 12 8 11 1,309 -_., 331 287 272 7 1 - 527 53 71 51 1,973 2,286 459 525 598 988 1,009 1,178 194 222 222 36 19 52 5 11 2 1,626 2,577 2,638 2,934 614 753 842 Curfew and loitering laws (juveniles) - 1,282 1,395 1,391 302 349 398 Runaways (juveniles) - 2,074 1,209 1,144 2,679 1,745 1,393 Gambling Offenses against family and children Driving under the influence Vagrancy All other offenses (except traffic) 152 252 1,640 1,288 6 2 7 - - 46 51 11 1 1 2,283 2,741 3,170 522 525 4,370 312 424 567 1,960 7,179 7,668 1,154 1,159 1,307 449 323 10 29 39 11,743 14,114 1,098 1,306 SUBTOTAL 59,616 64,200 73,153 TOTALS 71,112 77,605 89,434 44 i 176 859",.. 7,371 8,100 9,852 14,744 13,791 14,556 5,217 4,545 4,379 10,090 10,934 13,015 26,697 25,629 26,725 8,440 7,759 7,673 JUVENILE MALE ARRESTS AGE OFFENSE CLASSIFICATION UNDER 10 10-12 13-14 15 16 17 TOTAL JUVENILE 4 1 10 61 133 598 1,154 206 22 4 6 23 90 212 742 1,394 208 20 11 16 135 236 698 1,338 153 17 19 9 53 344 764 3,237 6,797 757 189 PART 1 Murder and Noenegligent Manslaughter Manslaughter By Negligence Forcible Rape Robbery Aggravated Assault Burglary I arceny Theft Motor Vehicle Theft Arson 19 143 375 2 57 8 32 272 835 21 42 2 4 50 132 784 1,701 167 31 PART I SUBTOTAL 596 1,210 2,871 2,189 2,699 2,604 12,169 27 - 77 4 1 211 13 3 1 56 390 58 4 50 198 17 7 2 57 262 59 1 47 204 7 26 7 68 296 107 290 26 44 18 65 298 95 4 76 1.007 67 81 29 256 1,689 341 14 250 5 7 1 2 2 25 3 38 1 3 51 1 12 122 2 132 8 2 1 203 4 9 5 333 8 9 6 418 7 7 12 1,100 28 27 PART II Other A ,,,saultr. Simple Forgery And Counterfeiting Fraud Etribwilernent Stolen Properly Vandatr.rn Weapons Carrying, Possessing Prostitution Arid Cnnarn Vice Sex Of tenses - 1 3 179 3 12 DRUGS, SALE OR MFG Opium, Cocaine, Derivatives Mar ipliina Synthovi Narcotics Other Dangerous Nonnarconcs DRUGS, POSSESSION Opium, Cocaine, Derivatives Marijuana Synthetic Narcotics Other Dangerous Nonnarconcs All Gambling Offenses Against Family And Children Driving Under The Influence liquor Laws Disorderly Conduct Vagrancy All Other, Except Tr attic Curfew And Loitering Runaways PART II SUBTOTAL 7 264 19 _,_ 19 1 3 11 - 1 5 - 46 2 .. 43 197 52 100 8 144 155 13 562 216 302 388 819 2,343 1 22 1 82 11 3 19 44 - _ 33 373 162 673 1 321 1,076 1 527 2,286 200 341 416 1,178 16 16 812 2,934 266 6 749 430 259 2,838 3,782 532 321 52 361 1,391 1,144 174 . 4,586 14,566 -.- TOTALS 984 2,029 5,214 4,827 6,481 7,190 . 28,725 JUVENILE FEMALE ARRESTS AGE OFFENSE CLASSIFICATION UNDER 10 10-12 13-14 TOTAL JUVENILE 15 16 17 — — — 4 31 61 573 20 4 — — — 7 24 46 515 33 2 1 — — 14 19 38 443 4 3 33 102 261 2,769 98 30 PART I Murder and Nonnegligent Manslaughter Manslaughter By Negligence Forcible Rape Robbery Aggravated Assault Burglary Larceny-Theft Motor Vehicle Theft Arson — — — — — 13 75 — 5 1 9 35 326 13 6 — — — 7 19 68 837 28 10 PART I SUBTOTAL 93 390 969 693 627 522 3,294 4 — — 32 3 — — 2 11 / — 80 4 2 1 3 43 8 1 72 1 2 47 7 14 4 7 19 9 16 — 1 6 9 18 5 7 1 63 8 9 2 11 31 7 13 3 298 23 27 7 32 136 30 37 11 — 1 — 2 3 — 1 - PART II Other Assaults — Simple Forgery And Counterfeiting Fraud Embezzlement Stolen Property Vandalism Weapons — Carrying, Possessing Prostitution And Comm. Vice Sex Offenses - — 14 — DRUGS, SALE OR MFG. Opium, Cocaine, Derivatives Marijuana Synthetic Narcotics Other Dangerous Nonnarcotics — DRUGS, POSSESSION Opium, Cocaine, Derivatives Marijuana Synthetic Narcotics Other Dangerous Nonnarcotics All Gambling Offenses Against Family And Children Driving Under The Influence Liquor Laws Disorderly Conduct Vagrancy All Other, Except Traffic Curfew And Loitering Runaways 2 — — 4 — --I — — — 1 4 — 19 1 8 — — — 3 4 55 — 5 — — 43 4 3 1 4 — 1 6 — 1 53 4 2 73 5 1 16 1 1 230 8 15 — 14 196 43 1 204 114 322 30 191 69 60 12 73 78 52 1 208 89 431 4 129 50 — 180 81 383 171 101 176 51 598 222 2 842 398 1,393 53 207 1,072 995 1,106 946 4,379 146 597 2,041 1,688 1,733 1,468 7,673 3 -- PART II SUBTOTAL TOTALS ADULT MALE ARRESTS AGE 65-Over TOTAL ADULTS 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 7 2 2 3 58 13 150 1 3 5 1 3 29 12 81 1 1 2 36 4 208 4 1 159 26 368 1,065 3,022 2,874 7,941 716 110 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 3 1 25 52 179 110 349 24 2 29 6 87 193 634 420 1,243 113 18 31 3 43 123 376 205 774 71 18 15 27 63 268 97 474 28 9 5 3 7 21 27 186 46 305 29 7 5 11 110 45 244 8 2 3 6 94 22 216 9 4 907 745 2,743 1,694 981 626 428 360 236 131 260 16,281 197 27 47 9 46 101 78 22 74 207 23 50 3 40 110 59 26 62 180 19 42 9 34 102 64 25 61 106 67 189 31 95 318 230 75 242 478 42 144 17 60 133 137 50 231 299 24 100 9 34 86 88 36 168 184 13 54 12 27 55 47 21 108 127 7 46 6 10 31 41 20 68 76 8 29 5 12 24 30 6 57 50 8 20 5 6 13 19 7 49 37 1 7 2 4 8 11 4 35 38 13 1 3 11 14 3 24 3,460 314 903 146 591 1,608 1,216 399 1,497 15 56 3 4 17 62 5 8 11 46 4 4 53 184 14 13 31 71 3 11 12 23 2 4 8 13 1 7 3 5 2 4 2 3 6 1 1 1 - 1 - 1 17 58 4 6 216 702 46 63 8 434 8 12 14 459 8 15 17 353 7 17 12 317 5 13 13 308 3 26 14 244 6 15 68 814 19 60 35 320 11 46 10 109 5 29 5 50 3 15 4 28 1 8 1 9 3 2 11 4 - 1 2 - 215 3,957 80 282 4 12 1,079 899 488 17 918 12 1,402 295 629 20 1,155 2 12 1,582 220 584 15 1,127 2 13 1,594 154 499 14 1,000 5 4 1,555 164 492 16 889 7 1,500 116 435 9 824 2 7 1,443 118 359 10 769 3 27 5,995 449 1,505 57 2,657 4 26 4,347 393 892 36 1,674 3 24 2,857 330 542 30 963 6 9 2,329 323 403 31 718 6 6 1,655 315 265 27 503 1 8 1,412 223 275 19 401 4 1 932 191 161 6 251 3 3 635 97 82 12 136 2 449 83 57 4 129 45 173 30,766 4,370 7,668 323 14,114 PART II SUBTOTAL 4,767 4,824 4,810 4,347 4,151 3,913 3,588 13,879 9,192 5,787 4,435 3,189 2,607 1,747 1,082 835 73,153 TOTALS 6,756 6,584 6,168 5,521 5,090 4,820 4,333 16,622 10,836 6,768 5,061 , 3,617 2,967 1,983 1,213 1,095 89,434 22 23 24 21 92 169 251 580 49 4 5 2 24 65 141 206 452 39 5 8 4 29 65 156 141 454 39 11 1,358 1,174 939 244 21 46 6 56 174 108 27 81 231 19 39 11 53 137 88 32 88 194 19 39 9 44 111 81 30 65 6 55 4 2 15 64 3 4 16 57 11 495 4 15 21 20 OFFENSE CLASSIFICATION 18 19 PART I Murder And Nonneg. Manslaughter Manslaughter By Negligence Forcible Rape Robbery Aggravated Assault Burglary Larceny-Theft Motor Vehicle Theft Arson 13 3 24 128 203 571 923 111 13 9 2 30 127 217 418 839 107 11 8 8 3 24 107 166 313 650 83 4 1,989 1,760 212 16 38 11 67 194 121 15 84 DRUGS, SALE OR MFG. Opium, Cocaine, Derivatives Marijuana Synthetic Narcotics Other Dangerous Nonnarcotics DRUGS, POSSESSION Opium, Cocaine, Derivatives Marijuana Synthetic Narcotics Other Dangerous Nonnarcotics PART 1 SUBTOTAL PART II Other Assaults - Simple Forgery And Counterfeiting Fraud Embezzlement Stolen Property Vandalism Weapons - Carrying, Possessing Prostitution And Comm. Vice Sex Offenses All Gambling Offenses Against Family And Children Driving under The Influence Liquor Laws Disorderly Conduct Vagrancy All Other, Except Traffic ADULT FEMALE ARRESTS AGE , 30-34 35-39 1 — 1 22 43 44 383 9 3 — 8 16 11 123 5 1 1 — — 8 13 7 100 4 1 15 36 17 247 1 2 — — — 6 23 13 202 4 1 1 — — — 14 4 132 — 188 165 134 506 318 249 151 31 5 17 2 4 16 9 110 15 14 10 22 3 6 6 3 91 10 31 14 8 2 2 12 12 89 10 17 7 12 2 6 10 5 70 21 100 22 61 11 12 25 29 183 35 65 13 40 4 6 13 9 59 16 38 6 30 4 6 10 7 10 7 5 8 2 3 1 13 — 3 3 12 1 1 5 18 — 1 1 17 6 16 4 3 3 11 33 1 4 2 1 2 59 2 2 4 56 1 2 1 48 — 6 2 42 1 3 1 39 — 3 9 99 4 10 5 49 4 10 1 17 3 3 60 2 4 1 96 137 74 3 95 — 5 139 29 103 5 122 — 3 123 20 112 3 133 — 1 158 28 83 1 107 1 173 23 77 2 106 2 174 21 74 3 98 2 1 137 25 79 1 76 1 16 588 65 255 6 328 PART II SUBTOTAL 626 697 637 667 633 624 535 TOTALS 858 978 844 846 821 789 669 23 — 1 — 13 22 11 136 3 3 179 24 7 12 3 3 8 8 79 16 1 10 3 3 20 18 PART I Murder And Nonneg. Manslaughter Manslaughter By Negligence Forcible Rape Robbery Aggravated Assault Burglary Larceny-Theft Motor Vehicle Theft Arson 1 1 — 7 14 29 176 3 1 — 11 25 20 212 8 3 — — 8 16 16 161 5 1 PART 1 SUBTOTAL 232 281 207 22 9 11 2 7 13 9 64 8 32 11 21 4 3 8 14 96 19 2 8 PART II Other Assaults — Simple Forgery And Counterfeiting Fraud Embezzlement Stolen Property Vandalism Weapons — Carrying, Possessing Prostitution And Comm. Vice Sex Offenses DRUGS, SALE OR MFG. Opium, Cocaine, Derivatives Marijuana Synthetic Narcotics Other Dangerous Nonnarcotics DRUGS, POSSESSION Opium, Cocaine, Derivatives Marijuana Synthetic Narcotics Other Dangerous Nonnarcotics All Gambling Offenses Against Family And Children Driving under The Influence Liquor Laws Disorderly Conduct Vagrancy All Other, Except Traffic 2 2 58 2 21 2 — — 9 19 12 134 3 24 45-49 40-44 25-29 22 19 OFFENSE CLASSIFICATION . 4 27 7 22 3 2 7 6 4 3 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-Over 1 12 1 1 108 280 193 2,501 45 22 78 122 3,163 3 5 5 2 1 3 1 — 1 1 4 — 2 434 112 281 44 60 143 120 857 176 2 1 — — — — 15 3 133 1 12 2 95 4 1 79 3 2 73 5 1 115 2 1 2 155 112 86 16 5 1 9 1 1 5 1 8 1 1 7 1 2 2 1 1 3 1 1 2 1 40 142 10 23 -3 — 2 4 7 1 9 1 1 1 10 425 58 144 1 208 1 7 354 42 104 2 124 2 283 56 73 4 81 2 222 23 54 2 73 130 19 37 2 48 91 11 21 1,908 1,164 785 597 420 2,414 1,482 1,034 748 575 3 TOTAL ADULTS — 1 — 1 33 544 15 52 14 41 5 9 3 8 36 5 8 1 5 6 51 3,170 567 1,307 39 1,626 267 155 75 62 9,852 379 241 153 184 13,015 — 1 49 NUMBER OF FULL TIME LAW ENFORCEMENT EMPLOYEES BY AGENCY AS OF OCTOBER 31, 1980 DEPARTMENT Apache County S.O. PER 1000 POP. POPULATION 44,497* .56 CIVILIAN SWORN EMPLOYEES RATE TOTAL 25 MALE MALE FEMALE FEMALE 13 1 6 5 0 7 Apache Junction P.D. 9,935 2.62 26 19 0 Avondale P - D. 8,134 2.46 20 15 3 0 2 Benson P.D. 4,190 3.34 14 7 1 2 4 Bisbee P.D. 7,154 2,80 20 12 2 1 5 Buckeye P.D. 3,434 4_08 14 10 0 1 3 Casa Grande P.D. 14,971 3.07 46 31 1 Chandler P.D. 29,673 2.33 69 39 3 1,512 1.98 3 3 0 Clarkdale P.D. Clifton P.D. 4,245 1.65 7 6 1 Cochise County S.O. 29,811 3,32 99 59 2 Coconino County S.O. . ' 3 11 15 12 0 0 0 0 14 24 32,093' 3.08 99 64 8 3 24 Coolidge P,D. 6,851 3.65 25 18 0 1 6 Cottonwood P.D. 4,550 3.52 16 8 1 1 6 Douglas P.D. 13,058 2.60 34 26 0 1 7 Duncan P.D. 603 1.66 1 1 0 0 0 Eagar P.D. 2,791 2.51 7 3 0 4,307 3.48 15 10 1 0 1 4 El Mirage P.D. Eloy P.D. 6,240 3.04 19 11 1 2 5 Flagstaff P.D. 34,641 2.02 70 47 1 4 18 Florence P.D. 3,391 4.13 14 7 0 0 7 Fredonia P.D. Gila County S.O. Gilbert P.D. Glendale P.D. 1,040 4.81 5 3 0 1 1 20,323* 2.41 49 36 12 0 1 5,717 2.10 12 11 0 0 1 96,988 1.75 170 135 3 9 23 6,708 3.58 24 19 Goodyear P.D. 2,747 4.00 11 7 Graham County S.O. 10,879' 1.19 13 9 Greenlee County S.D. 6,558 2.90 19 12 Hayden/Winkelman P.D. 2,265 3.09 7 6 Holbrook P.D. 5785 3.80 22 15 Huachuca City P.D. 1,661 5.42 9 420 7.14 3 Kearny P.D. 2,646 3.78 Kingman P.D. 9,257 Lake Havasu City P.D. Mammoth P.D. Marana M.O. 00 0 0 0 Globe P.D. Jerome P.D. 3 6 1 0 1 1 0 6 5 0 0 4 3 0 0 0 10 4 1 0 5 3.78 35 19 6 3 7 15,737 2.16 34 25 2 0 7 1,906 1.57 3 3 0 0 0 1 4 0 4 3 1 1,674 4.78 8 3 1 0 4 Maricopa County S.O. 207,531' 3.63 753 348 9 226 170 Mesa P.D. 152,453 210 336 238 7 30 61 Miami P.D. 2,716 4.79 13 10 0 1 2 3.22 99 65 8 4 22 44,280* 1.36 60 35 1 4 20 15,683 1,98 31 28 0 0 3 Oro Valley P.D. 1,489 4.03 5 5 1 Page P.D. 0 0 4,907 3.26 16 11 1 1 3 Mohave County S.O. 30,699' Navajo County S.O. Nogales P.D. 50 . NUMBER OF FULL TIME LAW ENFORCEMENT EMPLOYEES BY AGENCY AS OF OCTOBER 31, 1980 DEPARTMENT Paradise Valley POPULATION P.D. Parker P.D. SWORN MALE FEMALE CIVILIAN MALE FEMALE 10,832 1.75 19 18 0 0 1 2,542 4.72 12 7 0 0 5 980 2.04 2 2 0 0 0 5,068 3.16 16 10 0 2 4 12,251 2.61 32 23 3 2 4 764,911 2.96 2,262 1,572 200 440 1,599 1.88 3 2 0 0 1 191,009* 2.81 536 270 22 130 114 Pinal County S.O. 40,378* 3.37 136 82 7 21 26 Prescott P.D. 20,055 2.24 45 33 0 3 9 Safford P.D. 7,010 2.28 16 14 0 2 St. Johns P.D. 3,343 1.20 4 4 0 0 Payson P.D. Peoria P.D. Phoenix P.D. Pima P.D. Pima County S.O. 50 3,796 9.22 35 15 15 5 Scottsdale P.D. 88,364 2.14 189 118 25 37 Show Low P.D. 4,298 4.19 18 12 0 6 Sierra Vista P.D. 25,968 1.42 37 24 0 4 9 Snowflake P.D. 3,510 1.71 3 0 1 2 Somerton P.D. 5,761 1.04 6 6 6 21 0 0 2 0 6 4 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 27 30 0 Santa Cruz County S.O. 6,554 5.34 Springerville P.D. 1,452 2.75 35 4 Superior P.D. 4,600 3.48 16 10 Surprise P.D. 3,723 2.15 8 Taylor P.D. 1,915 .52 1 8 1 South Tucson P.D. 6 106,743 2.05 219 157 Thatcher P.D. 3,374 1.48 5 5 0 0 0LC) 0 Tolleson P.D. 4,433 13 8 1 4 3 1 1 0 3 1,632 2.93 2.45 540 31 52 150 Tempe P.D. Tombstone M.O. 0 0 330,537 2.34 Wickenburg P.D. 3,535 2.83 773 10 10 0 Willcox P.D. 3,243 4.01 13 8 0 0 1 0 4 Williams P.D. 2,266 5.30 12 7 1 1 3 Tucson P.D. 7,921 3.03 24 18 0 0 41,608* 2.28 95 60 2 15 6 18 2,254 5.32 12 7 1 0 4 Yuma P.D. 42,433 2.22 94 73 2 Yuma County S.O. 39,818" 2.11 84 73 2 3 1 16 8 8,808 5674 236 1,177 1,721 1.425 872 34 7 277 269 4 5 7 1 8 0 0 0 7 1 1 0 Winslow P.D. Yavapai County S.O. Youngtown P.D. itill::::::::....ket::::: _ TOTAL 0 Patagonia P.D. EMPLOYEES RATE PER 1000 POP. TOTAL 2,717,866 ...............••••••••••••■:::C.04•7: -•-•-••••••:.■:•:•:•:•......"......... Agencies with no measurable population: Arizona Department of Public Safety Arizona State University 53 Arizona Western College 7 Central Arizona College 8 2 1 1 0 Northern Arizona University 28 0 Pima Community Collage 22 70 16 16 2 6 1 26 2 31 3 11 5 1 0 0 Eastern Arizona College University of Arizona Yavapai Community College 6 6 Includes Indians living within the county boundary. Most Indian tribes provide law enforcement for heir reservation . 51 Assaults on Police 53 iiTY SHERit / , 96 lin Memoriam TO THOSE OFFICERS WHO LOST THEIR LIVES IN THE PERFORMANCE OF THEIR DUTY James Smith William H. Murrie 54 Tucson Police Department Department of Public Safety October 28, 1980 November 19, 1980 POLICE OFFICERS ASSAULTED The assault of a law enforcement officer is an increasingly serious problem faced by the law enforcement adminsitrator and should be of the gravest concern to the public at large. Such acts directly affect the functioning of proper law enforcement operations and thus reduce the ability of our law enforcement agencies to combat crime and maintain law and order. The attitude of disrespect for law enforcement officials and the failure of citizens to come to the aid of the officers being attacked as they perform their lawful duties is one of the serious problems facing law enforcement today. It is a deplorable situation when those persons who have chosen a career in law enforcement must assume the risk of being killed or assaulted by a member of the society they have sworn to protect. ANALYSIS A total of 1,465 assaults were reported on Arizona law enforcement officers during 1980. This represents a 4 percent decrease over the 1,534 assaults in 1979, calls (family quarrels, man with gun, etc.) with 491 or 34 percent. The highest incidents of assaults occurred between 0001 and 0200 hours with 309 or 21 percent. The weapon most often used in the commission of the assault was hands, fists, feet, etc. This represents 80 percent of all law enforcement officers assaulted. The most dangerous activity was responding to disturbance While every assault does not result in personal injury to the officer involved, 499 or 34 percent of these assaults resulted in personal injury to some extent. This is a decrease from the 37 percent reported in 1979. Officers Assaulted by Month 1980 vs. 1979 160 150 140 130 120 110 100 1111111PUNIII11111111111111111 11111111111/4111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111PE111111111111111111111111111111 111111111,411111111011111.111111S1111111111111111.1601121111111111111.111111111111111111111 1111111/A11111111111111111M1111111111.1111111111111511.111111110111111111110111111111111 mismaremmilmolimostumiumilmainam 1111111111 111111. 11111111111111111111111110111111111111;011111111116:111F1111. 3=11111111111111111111PSIMINIFTA11111111111111■11111101111111111111111111 11111111111121111mloompsoreiraS1111111111111.11111110.111111kON111211111 I1111111111/2111111111111M11111101111.0111111111INIIIIME irAnousamillill11111111111111110111111111111111111E 111111111111111111011.& all 10 likk11111 11 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 1979 ...moo. 128 121 105 119 126 145 136 152 136 132 120 124 104 125 118 139 121 119 130 1980 119 156 108 95 KEY 121 55 OFFICERS ASSAULTED BY WEAPON 1,170 79.9% 145 9.9% 96 6.5% 54 3.7% HANDS OTHER ALL FISTS Et FEET DANGEROUS WEAPONS Fl REARMS KNIFE OR CUTTING INSTRUMENT TIME OF ASSAULT A.M. P.M. 309 21.1% 47 3.2% 119 4.3% 54 3.7% 23 1.6% 35 2.4% 27 1.8% 567 38.7% 56 12:01-2:00 63 8.1% TOTAL TIME 2:01-4:00 128 8.7% 4:01-6:00 160 10.9% 6:01-8:00 237 16.2% 8:01-10:00 263 18.0% TOTAL 10:01-12:00 898 61,3% OFFICERS ASSAULTED BY ACTIVITY Type of Assignment Type of Weapon ACTIVITY Responding to "disturbance" calls (Family quarrels, man with gun, etc.) Detective Spec. Assign. Police Assaults Cleared Fire- Knife/ Cut. Other Clang. Hands, Fists, arms Inst. Weapon Feet 52 21 49 369 491 126 3 2 10 15 5 2 6 2 2 2 — — — 3 9 3 10 276 1 1 32 Totals Two Man Vehicle One Man Veh. Alone 81 Assisted Alone Assisted 266 6 5 Other Alone 2 Assisted 5 481 Burglaries in progress or pursuing burglary suspects 1 9 15 Robberies in progress or pursuing robbery suspects 4 Attempting other arrests 5 Civil disorder (Riot, mass disobedience) 3 16 256 280 39 56 160 2 6 24 32 5 1 24 — 5 Handling, transporting, custody of prisoners 1 3 11 186 201 36 39 78 2 2 17 27 200 Investigating suspicious persons or circumstances 10 15 8 110 143 38 41 48 4 2 5 5 137 1 10 1 4 2 1 1 1 9 13 2 1 10 30 127 167 27 47 79 2 3 6 3 159 20 76 107 10 18 49 4 10 12 4 98 291 290 727 22 32 48 55 1,422 Ambush -- No warning 6 Mentally deranged 2 2 Traffic pursuits and stops 5 5 3 Ail other 11 TOTALS 96 54 145 1,170 1,465 Personal Injury 13 12 43 431 499 No Personal Injury 83 42 102 739 966 7 12 59 Arizona Counties APPENDIX A 60 Glossary of Terms CRIME ANALYSIS — Statements relating to type and nature of crimes and rates of occurrence and distribution in Arizona, but not comparisons of agencies or causes. CRIME RATE — A figure which represents the number of crimes committed known to the police for each 1,000 population. A crime rate should be considered a victim risk rate in that it demonstrates the risk of becoming a victim of crime. CRIME INDEX — The sum total of seven major offenses used to measure the extent, fluctuation and distribution of crime in a given geographical area. Crime classifications used in the index are: (1) murder, (2) forcible rape, 13) robbery, (4) aggravated assault, (5) burglary, (6) larceny-theft and (7) motor vehicle theft. Each of these offenses is referred to as an "Index Offense." CLEARED BY ARREST OR EXCEPTIONAL MEANS For Uniform Crime Reporting purposes, an offense is cleared by arrest or solved when at least one person is (1) arrested, 12) charged with the commission of an offense and (3) turned over to court for prosecution. In certain situations police are not able to follow these three steps. In many instances police have exhausted all leads and have done everything else possible to clear a case. If the following four conditions can be met, the offense can be cleared exceptionally: (1) the investigation has definitely established the identity of the offender, (2) there is enough information to support an arrest, charge, and turning over to the court for prosecution, (31 the exact location of the offender is known so that he could be taken into custody and (4) there is some reason outside the police control that prevents the arresting, charging, and prosecuting of the offender. PART I OFFENSES — The first of two main categories of crime classes composing a universal crime classification system established for crime reporting purposes. Part I Offenses are by their nature more serious and/or occur most frequently. The monthly tabulation of Part I Offenses provides a count of "actual offenses." PART II OFFENSES — The second of two main categories of crime classes composing a universal crime classification system established for crime reporting purposes. Part II Offenses are generally less serious in nature and/or occur less frequently. JUVENILE — A person under the age of 18 years. ADULT — A person 18 years of age or older. WHITE — A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, North Africa, or the Middle East. BLACK — A person having origins in any of the black racial groups of Africa. AMERICAN INDIAN OR ALASKAN NATIVE — A person having origins in any of the original peoples of North America, and who maintains cultural identification through tribal affiliation or community recognition. ASIAN OR PACIFIC ISLANDER — A person having origins in any of the original peoples of the Far East, Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, or the Pacific Islands. This area includes, for example, China, India, Japan, Korea, the Philippine Islands, and Samoa. HISPANIC — A person of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Central or South American or other Spanish culture or origin, regardless of race. APPENDIX B 61