Maricopa County Environmental Services Department Air Quality Division 2001 Network Review Acknowledgments The Maricopa County Air Monitoring Unit continued to strive for excellence in maintaining the Maricopa County Air Monitoring Network. The network changed this year with the closing of two sites, the opening of one new one, and the relocation of another. The Air Monitoring Unit continues to be under the direct supervision of Warren Kosters (Air Quality Program Coordinator). Two new technicians were hired this year (Del Hawkins and Steve Thomas). The network review will highlight some of these changes and provide a summary of all the air monitoring data collected for 2001. We would like to thank all of the air monitoring staff for the excellent job they did in maintaining our air-monitoring network. They are (upper left) Larry Seals, Steve Thomas, Gary Ensminger, Bill Searle, Dale Foster, Ben Davis, and Trixie Torrez, (lower left) Del Hawkins, Joe Hameed, and Marilyn McGilberry Steve Peplau Division Manager Air Quality Division 2 Warren Kosters Air Quality Program Coordinator Air Quality Division Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGMENTS...................................................................................................................................................... 2 ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................................................................ 5 NETWORK DESIGN ............................................................................................................................................................ 5 PROJECTS AND NETWORK CHANGES......................................................................................................................... 6 NETWORK SUMMARY ...................................................................................................................................................... 7 CRITERIA AIR POLLUTANTS ......................................................................................................................................... 7 EXCEEDANCE SUMMARY 2001..................................................................................................................................... 9 DATA COMPLETENESS 2001 – ALL SITES................................................................................................................... 9 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS FOR CRITERIA POLLUTANTS................................................................ 10 CARBON MONOXIDE (CO) ........................................................................................................................................... 10 OZONE (O3) ...................................................................................................................................................................... 12 PARTICULATE MATTER (PM-10)................................................................................................................................. 15 NITROGEN DIOXIDE (NO2) ........................................................................................................................................... 16 SULFUR DIOXIDE (SO2) ................................................................................................................................................. 17 LEAD/TSP ......................................................................................................................................................................... 18 MARICOPA COUNTY AIR MONITORING SITES 2001 ............................................................................................. 19 SITE SPECIFICATIONS .......................................................................................................................................................... 20 BLUE POINT (BP) (04-013-9702)........................................................................................................................................ 21 CAVE CREEK SITE (CC) (04-013-4008) .............................................................................................................................. 22 CENTRAL PHOENIX (CP) (04-013-3002)............................................................................................................................. 23 CHANDLER (CH) (04-013-0021)......................................................................................................................................... 24 DURANGO COMPLEX (DC) (04-013-9812).......................................................................................................................... 25 EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT (EM) (04-013-3004) ............................................................................................................. 26 FALCON FIELD (FF) (04-013-1010) .................................................................................................................................... 27 FOUNTAIN HILLS (FH) (04-013-9704) ............................................................................................................................... 28 GILBERT (GI) (04-013-3005) .............................................................................................................................................. 29 GLENDALE (GL) (04-013-2001) ......................................................................................................................................... 30 GREENWOOD (GR) (04-013-3010)...................................................................................................................................... 31 HIGLEY (HI) (04-013-4006)............................................................................................................................................... 32 HUMBOLDT MOUNTAIN (HM) (04-013-9508) .................................................................................................................... 33 LAKE PLEASANT (LP) (04-013-9805) ................................................................................................................................. 34 MARYVALE (MA) (04-013-3006) ....................................................................................................................................... 35 MESA (ME) (04-013-1003)................................................................................................................................................. 36 MOUNT ORD (MO) ............................................................................................................................................................. 37 NORTH PHOENIX (NP) (04-013-1004) ................................................................................................................................ 38 PINNACLE PEAK (PP) (04-013-2005) .................................................................................................................................. 39 RIO VERDE (RV) (04-013-9704)......................................................................................................................................... 40 SALT RIVER (SA) (04-013-3007)........................................................................................................................................ 41 SOUTH PHOENIX (SP) (04-013-4003) ................................................................................................................................. 42 SOUTH SCOTTSDALE (SS) (04-013-3003) ........................................................................................................................... 43 SURPRISE (SU) (04-013-4007)............................................................................................................................................ 44 TEMPE (TE) (04-013-4005)................................................................................................................................................ 45 WEST CHANDLER (WC) (04-013-3009) (04-013-4004)...................................................................................................... 46 WEST INDIAN SCHOOL RD. (WI) (04-013-0016) ................................................................................................................ 47 WEST PHOENIX (WP) (04-013-0019).................................................................................................................................. 48 ADDITIONAL COMMENTS ............................................................................................................................................. 49 EPA OZONE MAPPING ........................................................................................................................................................ 49 MARICOPA COUNTY’S INTERACTIVE POLLUTION MAP ....................................................................................................... 50 3 SALT RIVER AIR MONITORING SITE .................................................................................................................................... 50 ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY (ADEQ)....................................................................................... 51 REEVALUATION OF OZONE NETWORK ................................................................................................................................ 51 CHANDLER AND HIGLEY SITES ........................................................................................................................................... 51 GILBERT SITE ...................................................................................................................................................................... 52 POLLUTION TRENDS....................................................................................................................................................... 53 CARBON MONOXIDE ........................................................................................................................................................... 54 OZONE ................................................................................................................................................................................ 54 SULFUR DIOXIDE ................................................................................................................................................................ 56 NITROGEN DIOXIDE ............................................................................................................................................................ 56 REFERENCES ..................................................................................................................................................................... 57 APPENDIX ........................................................................................................................................................................... 58 PRELIMINARY ADEQ AIR MONITORING DATA Y2001 DATA FOR MARICOPA COUNTY ..................................................... 59 4 Abstract The 2001 Annual Air Monitoring Network Review is being submitted by the Maricopa County Environmental Services Department (MCESD), Air Quality Division to the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Region 9. The network review evaluates the adequacy of the monitoring network with respect to the monitoring objectives and spatial scales. This is required by 40 CFR Part 58, Appendix F. The National Air Monitoring Stations (NAMS) and State and Local Air Monitoring Stations (SLAMS) are evaluated for their location and density. Data summaries, procedural changes, special projects, and new air monitoring sites are also included in the review. Network Design In general, the following six basic monitoring objectives and five measuring scales were used to evaluate the network design (see Table -1, -2). Additional items such as safety, security, accessibility, geographic location, and fiscal and personnel resources were also used during the network evaluation. Site Monitoring Objectives Table -1 1. Determine highest concentrations expected to occur in the area covered by the network 2. Determine representative concentrations in areas of high population density 3. Determine the impact on ambient pollution levels of significant sources or source categories 4. Determine general background concentration levels 5. Determine the extent of regional pollutant transport from populated areas, with regards to the secondary standards (such as visibility impairment and effects on vegetation) 6. Determine the welfare-related impacts in more rural and remote areas When establishing a new monitoring site or reviewing an old site, one must link monitoring objectives to the physical location of the site. This can be done by correctly matching the spatial scale represented by the sample of monitored air with the spatial scale most appropriate for the monitoring objective of the station. Thus, spatial scale represents the physical dimensions of the air parcel nearest the monitor, where pollutant concentrations are reasonably uniform (40 CFR Part 58, App. D) (see Table -1, -2). Combining the spatial scale with the monitoring objective gives the how and why air monitoring sites are located in particular areas. Spatial Measurement Scale Table –2 Name Define parameter (radius) Micro Scale 0 to 100 meters Middle Scale 100 to 500 meters Neighborhood Scale 0.5 to 4 kilometers Urban Scale 4 to 50 kilometers Regional Scale 10 to 100s of kilometers Since it is physically and fiscally impossible to monitor the air quality everywhere within the county, a representative sample of the air quality must be obtained. This sample is based on the monitoring objectives and 5 the spatial measurement scale. For example, there might be several locations where the highest concentration of carbon monoxide is expected to occur. However, only one or two sites may be established to represent all of the high concentration areas. The same reasoning can be used for all criteria pollutants. This does not mean that the number of monitoring sites is fixed. To the contrary, the network must be dynamic enough to maintain a current representative sample of the air quality. The underlying purpose of this review, other than legal obligation, is to refine the monitoring network to ensure that the citizens of Maricopa County are provided with quality and relevant pollution data. The data is used to determine the attainment status for the valley. Mathematical models are created using the data to determine the effectiveness of control programs on pollution levels. Also, other models are created to determine the possible locations of new sites and help in pollution forecasts. One of the programs where the data is being used is providing the public with real time pollution data. Projects and Network Changes Air quality issues such as ozone attainment, the new 8-hr ozone standard, and issuing permits for new power plants are diverse and controversial subjects for the citizens of Maricopa County. Since no policies can be made without quality data, the Maricopa County Air Monitoring Unit strives to provide the most reliable and relevant air monitoring data to the public. The following is a list of projects and changes that have occurred during the year 2001. I. Maricopa County continues to run part of its carbon monoxide (CO) monitors and ozone (O3) monitors on a seasonal basis (see Table -3). Having part of the network operating seasonally allows us to upgrade instruments, perform preventive maintenance, expand the life expectancy of the instruments, reduce replacement costs, and better utilize our QA and QC resources on the remaining instruments. Seasonal Monitors Table -3 Seasonal Carbon Monoxide monitors (Sept. 1- Apr. 1) Seasonal Ozone monitors (Apr. 1 – Oct. 1) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. II. 6 Glendale Site Maryvale Site Mesa Site North Phoenix Site South Phoenix Site South Scottsdale Site Surprise Site Tempe Site West Chandler Site Cave Creek Emergency Management Site Falcon Field Site Glendale Site Humboldt Mountain Site Maryvale Site Rio Verde Site Surprise Site Tempe Site West Chandler Site The Emergency Management and the Lake Pleasant sites were shutdown. The Cave Creek site was brought on line. These actions were part of the modification of the ozone network for the new eighthour standard (see ADDITIONAL COMMENTS). III. MCESD will request the Mesa site’s (04-013-1003) ozone monitor be changed from year round to seasonal monitoring. This would be in conjunction with the reevaluation of the ozone network. The monitor was determined to be redundant, but was not shutdown due to possible public pressures. IV. MCESD has been participating in the Joint Air Toxic Assessment Project (JATAP) in conjunction with ADEQ and Phoenix area Urban Tribal Communities. We have been providing space at our existing sites (South Phoenix) for Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAP) monitoring. We have assisted in building emissions inventory and determining new monitoring sites. V. MCESD continues its residential wood-burning program. This program restricts residential wood burning and encourages alternate forms of transportation during periods of forecasted high carbon monoxide or particulates. VI. The MCESD, ADEQ, USEPA, and the City of Phoenix continued to pursue possible solutions for keeping a particulate monitor in the general area of the current Salt River site (see ADDITIONAL COMMENTS). VII. Maricopa County has improved its dissemination of pollution data to the public by posting our one-hour continuous data on an interactive map located on our website http://www.maricopa.gov/envsvc/AIR/AIRDAY/air_map.asp. MCESD continues to participate in the EPA Ozone Mapping website (http://www.epa.gov/airnow) (see ADDITIONAL COMMENTS). VIII. The Higley Site was established in the southeast valley for possible replacement for the Chandler Site. The Chandler Site may remain because of future freeway construction (see ADDITIONAL COMMENTS). The particulate sampler at the Gilbert site was shutdown as of 12/31/01 (see ADDITIONAL COMMENTS). IX. MCESD continues to evaluate its PM-10 network for possible additional sites for determining the impact on ambient pollution levels of significant sources or source categories. The significant sources would include industry and agriculture. Resource allocation, both financial and personnel, continue to remain a obstacle in establishing new monitoring sites Network Summary CRITERIA AIR POLLUTANTS The following discussion focuses on Maricopa County’s Ambient Air Monitoring Network relative to the criteria pollutants and monitoring objectives of the National Air Monitoring Stations (NAMS), State and Local Air Monitoring Stations (SLAMS), and Special Purpose Monitors (SPM). The MCESD Air Monitoring Unit maintained twenty-seven ambient air monitoring sites throughout Maricopa County (Table -5). The history of these sites range from 1961 (Central Phoenix) to 2001 (Cave Creek). Land use patterns around these sites vary from heavy populated urban areas to sparsely populated rural settings. Site elevation ranges from near the Salt River channel to the top of Humboldt Mountain. MCESD monitors for the following “criteria pollutants”: Carbon Monoxide, Ozone, Particulates, Nitrogen Dioxide, and Sulfur Dioxide (Table -6). MCESD no longer monitors for lead (Pb). 7 Maricopa County Ambient Air Monitoring Sites (Table -5) Sites Site Abbr. AIRS Code Blue Point Cave Creek Chandler Central Phoenix Durango Complex Emergency Mgt. Falcon Field Fountain Hills Gilbert Glendale Greenwood Higley Humboldt Mountain Lake Pleasant BP CC CH CP DC EM FF FH GI GL GR HI HM LP Sites 04-013-9702 04-013-4008 04-013-0021 04-013-3002 04-013-9812 04-013-3004 04-013-1010 04-013-9704 04-013-3005 04-013-2001 04-013-3010 04-013-4006 04-013-9508 04-013-9805 Site Abbr. AIRS Code Maryvale Mesa Mount Ord (ADEQ) North Phoenix Pinnacle Peak Rio Verde Salt River South Phoenix South Scottsdale Surprise Tempe West Chandler W. Indian School Rd. West Phoenix MA ME MO NP PP RV SA SP SS SU TE WC WI WP 04-013-3006 04-013-1003 04-013-9701 04-013-1004 04-013-2005 04-013-9706 04-013-3007 04-013-4003 04-013-3003 04-013-4007 04-013-4005 04-013-4004 04-013-0016 04-013-0019 Criteria Pollutant by Sites (Table -6) O3 CO PM-10 NO2 SO2 BP (n) ME (s) CP (n) WI (n) CH (n) SA (sp) CP (n) CP (n) CC (sp) NP (s) GL (s) WP (n) CP (n) SP (n) GR (s) SS (n) CP (n) PP (s) GR (s) SU (sp) DC (s) SS (n) SS (n) EM (s) FF (s) RV (s) TE (sp) HI (sp) SU (sp) TE (sp) SP (s) MA (s) WC (s) WP (s) FH (n) SS (n) ME (s) GI (s) GL (n) GL (s) SU (sp) NP (s) GR (s) (n) = NAMS HM (s) TE (sp) SP (s) MA (s) (s) = SLAMS LP (s) MA (s) WC (s) SS (s) ME (s) (sp) = Special Purpose WP (s) WC (s) NP (s) Bold = changes to site WP (n) Underline = changes to site are pending Criteria pollutants are found all over the United States. These pollutants can injure health, harm the environment and cause property damage. EPA designates these pollutants criteria air pollutants because the agency has regulated them by first developing health-based criteria (science-based guidelines) as the basis for setting permissible levels. One set of limits (primary standard) protects against adverse health effects; another set of limits (secondary standard) is intended to prevent environmental and property damage. A geographic area that meets or surpasses the primary standard is called an “attainment area”; areas that don't meet the primary standard are called “non-attainment areas”. Although EPA has been regulating criteria air pollutants since the 1970 Clean Air Act was passed, many urban areas are classified as non-attainment for at least one criteria air pollutant. It has been estimated that about 121 million Americans live in non-attainment areas. The following are general summations of the 2001 Criteria Pollutant Data (see Table -7, -8): 8 EXCEEDANCE SUMMARY 2001 (Table -7) Carbon Monoxide (CO) Ozone(O3) No Exceedances of the 1hr or 8hr NAAQS standard were logged No Exceedances of 1- Hour NAAQS were logged. See table -11 for proposed 8-Hour NAAQS summary Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) No Exceedances of NAAQS were logged Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) No Exceedances of NAAQS were logged Particulates (PM-10) There were six days where at least one monitor exceeded the 24 hr. (>150 ug/m3) standard: Site Date Value DC 10/16/01 189.1 ug/m3 HI 10/16/01 175.9 ug/m3 SA 5/25/01 275.5 ug/m3 SA 9/10/01 172.7 ug/m3 SA 9/28/01 170.0 ug/m3 SA 10/16/01 280.9 ug/m3 SA 10/22/01 184.8 ug/m3 SA 12/27/01 157.6 ug/m3 Two sites exceeded the PM-10 Annual standard (less than or equal to 50 ug/m3) Site Value DC 58 ug/m3 SA 94 ug/m3 DATA COMPLETENESS 2001 – ALL SITES (Table -8) Actual amount of data collected Number of Scheduled Samples Data Completeness * (collected/available) Carbon Monoxide 80,522 82,272 97.9% Ozone PM-10 119,070 962 124,248 976 95.8% 98.6% PM-10 (continuous) 7,696 8,760 87.9% Nitrogen Dioxide 40,463 43,800 92.4% Sulfur Dioxide 16,591 17,520 94.7% 265,304 277,576 95.6% Grand Total Minimum data completeness is 75% 9 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS FOR CRITERIA POLLUTANTS (Table -9) Pollutant Averaging Time Carbon Monoxide (CO) Ozone (O3) Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) Particulate Matter (PM-10) Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) Lead (Pb) Primary Standard Secondary Standard 1-hr 8-hr 1-hr 35 PPM 9 PPM 0.12 PPM 0.12 PPM 8-hr 0.08 PPM 0.08 PPM Annual 0.05 PPM 0.05 PPM 24-hr 150 µg/m3 150 µg/m3 Annual 50 µg/m3 50 µg/m3 3-hr 24-hr Annual Quarterly --0.14 PPM 0.03 PPM 0.5 PPM 1.5 µg/m3 1.5 µg/m3 CARBON MONOXIDE (CO) During 2001, thirteen CO monitors were reported as operational to the USEPA Aerometric Information and Retrieval System (AIRS). Three of the monitors were classified as NAMS, eight as SLAMS, and two reported as SPM (Table -6). For Calendar Year 2001, no exceedances of the CO 1-hour standard were recorded at any MCESD monitoring sites (see Table -7, -9). The following is the 2001 data summary for 1-hour carbon monoxide at Maricopa County monitoring sites (Table -10). 2001 1-HOUR CARBON MONOXIDE SUMMARY (Table -10) Site CO 1-HR AVG. MAX. (PPM) Date CO 1-HR AVG. 2ND High (PPM) Date Central Phoenix Glendale Greenwood Maryvale Mesa North Phoenix South Phoenix South Scottsdale Surprise Tempe West Chandler W. Indian School West Phoenix 6.0 4.7 7.0 9.0 4.6 5.2 6.8 4.5 2.6 4.3 3.3 8.0 8.4 5.8 4.7 6.9 7.5 3.8 4.7 6.3 4.4 2.5 4.2 3.1 7.7 8.2 10 12/20/01 12/12/01 01/04/01 01/01/01 12/20/01 12/19/01 12/7/01 12/18/01 10/25/01 01/08/01 12/17/01 01/01/01 12/19/01 10/19/01 12/13/01 02/05/01 12/19/01 11/16/01 12/20/01 12/19/01 12/20/01 11/03/01 10/25/01 01/22/01 01/05/01 12/14/01 Number of Exceedances 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Number of Samples 8556 5021 8548 5008 5006 4908 5027 4954 5673 5723 4929 8567 8558 For Calendar Year 2001, no exceedances of the CO 8-hour standard were recorded at any MCESD monitoring site (see Table -7, -9,). The following is the 2001 data summary for 8-hour average carbon monoxide at Maricopa County monitoring sites. 2001 8-HOUR CARBON MONOXIDE SUMMARY (Table -11) Site CO 8–HR AVG. MAX (PPM) Date CO 8–HR AVG. 2ND High (PPM) Date Central Phoenix Glendale Greenwood Maryvale Mesa North Phoenix South Phoenix South Scottsdale Surprise Tempe West Chandler W. Indian School West Phoenix 4.8 3.1 5.2 7.6 2.9 2.5 4.5 3.2 1.2 3.2 2.2 6.8 7.5 4.2 2.8 4.6 5.2 2.6 2.5 3.4 3.1 1.0 3.0 2.1 6.5 6.5 01/01/01 12/29/01 01/01/01 01/01/01 01/07/01 12/20/01 01/01/01 01/06/01 01/10/01 12/21/01 12/18/01 01/01/01 01/01/01 01/06/01 12/07/01 10/20/01 12/19/01 12/29/01 12/21/01 12/19/01 12/19/01 01/09/01 12/29/01 11/17/01 01/06/01 01/06/01 Number of Exceedances 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Carbon Monoxide is the most widely distributed and most commonly occurring air pollutant. Total emissions of CO to the atmosphere exceed all other pollutants combined, on a weight basis. Fortunately, CO does not persist in the atmosphere, but is quickly converted to Carbon Dioxide (CO2). Carbon monoxide can reach dangerous levels in very localized areas or hotspots such as heavily traveled intersections or city streets. In addition, CO has been implicated in ozone formation. Most people are familiar with carbon monoxide and are aware that automobiles produce this deadly odorless and colorless gas. In Maricopa County, more than 70% of all the manmade CO comes from vehicle emissions. In fact, this gas is produced almost anytime something is burned. All substances that are living (plants, animals) or that were once living (wood, coal, oil, gasoline) are composed of carbon compounds. If these substances are burned in the presence of sufficient oxygen, the carbon is converted to carbon dioxide gas (CO2). If, as is often the case, not enough oxygen is present, carbon monoxide gas is produced. For example, high concentrations of carbon monoxide can be found in cigarette smoke. Carbon monoxide’s danger lies in the extremely strong affinity that hemoglobin has for it. Hemoglobin, the special oxygen-transporting material in the red blood cell, has approximately 200 times stronger affinity for CO than for oxygen. Therefore, if both CO and O2 are present the bonding between the CO and hemoglobin will prevent the O2 from exchanging with your body. This puts a heavy burden on people with heart disease and can aggravate angina, but even healthy people can suffer from harmful side effects from CO. In 2000 Maricopa County achieved its fourth year of compliance with the eight-hour carbon monoxide standard. However, the urbanized area of Maricopa County currently remains in serious non-attainment for carbon monoxide. The Maricopa Association of Governments (MAG) submitted a Revised MAG 1999 Serious Area CO Plan to the USEPA in March 2001. MAG is also preparing a maintenance plan for submission to the USEPA, so that Maricopa County can be re-designated an attainment area for the eight-hour CO standard. 11 OZONE (O3) During 2001, twenty-one ozone monitors were reported as operational in USEPA Aerometric Information and Retrieval System (AIRS). Four of the monitors were identified as NAMS, thirteen were identified as SLAMS, and three were identified as a Special Purpose Monitor (SPM) (Table -6). For Calendar Year 2001, no exceedances of the ozone 1-hour average standard were recorded at Maricopa County NAMS / SLAMS monitoring sites (Table -7, -8). The following is the 2001 data summary for the 1-hour average ozone at Maricopa County monitoring sites (Table -12). 2001 ONE HOUR OZONE SUMMARY (Table -12) Blue Point Max. (PPM) Date .111 08/15/01 2ND High (PPM) Date .104 08/17/01 3RD High (PPM) Date .093 08/18/01 4TH High (PPM) Date .093 06/21/01 # Cave Creek .112 08/10/01 .100 08/17/01 .096 08/06/01 .092 08/25/01 0 # 2153 Central Phoenix .091 08/11/01 .091 08/06/01 .090 08/17/01 .090 08/10/01 0 8486 # Emergency Mgt. .073 05/22/01 .072 04/18/01 .072 05/08/01 .072 05/12/01 0 # 1444 Falcon Field .111 08/15/01 .100 08/19/01 .097 08/17/01 .095 06/22/01 0 5046 Fountain Hills .110 08/17/01 .106 08/15/01 .098 08/18/01 .097 06/09/01 0 8633 Glendale .116 08/06/01 .099 08/02/01 .098 08/11/01 .098 07/12/01 0 5045 Humboldt Mt. .098 08/17/01 .096 08/10/01 .096 06/05/01 .096 08/16/01 0 5042 # Lake Pleasant .085 07/03/01 .083 07/02/01 .082 07/10/01 .080 06/05/01 0 # 2578 Maryvale .097 08/11/01 .091 08/15/01 .089 07/02/01 .089 08/06/01 0 5008 Mesa .093 08/11/01 .092 08/06/01 .088 08/17/01 .084 08/15/01 0 8114 Mt Ord (ADEQ) .102 08/17/01 .089 08/20/01 .089 07/26/01 .089 06/21/01 0 3286 North Phoenix .110 08/06/01 .101 08/10/01 .098 07/02/01 .097 08/11/01 0 8586 Pinnacle Peak .107 08/10/01 .103 08/06/01 .102 08/17/01 .100 08/09/01 0 8549 Rio Verde .102 08/17/01 .100 07/26/01 .099 07/01/01 .096 05/30/01 0 5060 South Phoenix .098 08/11/01 .094 08/15/01 .092 08/06/01 .086 08/17/01 0 8438 South Scottsdale .102 08/10/01 .101 08/15/01 .094 08/17/01 .092 07/04/01 0 8115 Surprise .093 08/14/01 .088 08/16/01 .087 08/12/01 .083 08/15/01 0 6114 Tempe .099 08/05/01 .099 08/11/01 .096 08/06/01 .093 07/04/01 0 7170 West Chandler .105 08/11/01 .100 08/15/01 .096 08/05/01 .092 08/13/01 0 4951 West Phoenix .099 08/06/01 .094 08/11/01 .094 07/02/01 .089 08/15/01 0 8184 Site # Indicates <75% data available 12 # of Exceed 0 Samples 8529 For Calendar Year 2001, there were twelve sites that exceeded the 8-hour primary standard for ozone. The following is the 2001 data summary for 8-hour Ozone at Maricopa County monitoring sites (Table -13). 2001 PROPOSED EIGHT HOUR AVERAGE OZONE SUMMARY (Table -13) Site 8-HR MAX (PPM) Date 2ND HIGH (PPM) Date 3RD HIGH (PPM) Date 4TH HIGH (PPM) Date Blue Point .086 08/15/01 .081 08/17/01 .080 08/18/01 .080 06/22/01 1 Cave Creek .100 08/10/01 .086 08/06/01 .083 08/17/01 .083 08/09/01 2 Central Phoenix .079 08/10/01 .077 08/06/01 .076 08/11/01 .076 08/05/01 0 # Emergency Mgt. .067 05/08/01 .066 05/22/01 .064 05/05/01 .063 05/12/01 0 Falcon Field .090 08/19/01 .085 08/15/01 .082 08/17/01 .081 06/22/01 2 Fountain Hills .087 08/17/01 .086 08/09/01 .085 08/15/01 .084 08/05/01 3 Glendale .092 08/06/01 .085 07/12/01 .080 08/11/01 .078 08/02/01 2 Humboldt Mt. .088 06/05/01 .087 06/15/01 .085 08/16/01 .085 08/10/01 4 # Lake Pleasant .077 07/03/01 .074 06/05/01 .073 05/08/01 .073 07/02/01 0 Maryvale .083 08/11/01 .075 08/ 1/01 .075 08/10/01 .074 07/02/01 0 Mesa .078 08/06/01 .078 08/11/01 .078 08/19/01 .074 08/16/01 0 Mt Ord (ADEQ) .082 08/17/01 .080 06/15/01 .078 08/09/01 .077 07/03/01 0 North Phoenix .094 08/06/01 .088 08/10/01 .086 07/02/01 .086 07/12/01 4 Pinnacle Peak .095 08/10/01 .089 08/09/01 .087 08/17/01 .086 08/06/01 4 Rio Verde .084 06/06/01 .084 08/09/01 .083 08/10/01 .083 08/17/01 0 South Phoenix .086 08/11/01 .083 08/06/01 .080 08/15/01 .077 08//01/01 1 South Scottsdale .089 08/10/01 .082 08/05/01 .079 08/15/01 .079 08/06/01 1 Surprise .074 08/11/01 .073 08/14/01 .072 08/16/01 .072 09/09/01 0 Tempe .089 08/11/01 .083 08/5/01 .082 08/15/01 .080 08/19/01 1 West Chandler .087 08/11/01 .084 08/15/01 .083 08/05/01 .078 06/16/01 1 West Phoenix .082 08/06/01 .079 08/11/01 .076 09/09/01 .075 07/12/01 0 Number of DAYS > .085 # Indicates <75% data available On July 18, 1997 the Environmental Protection Agency proposed a new ozone standard to ensure a more effective and efficient protection of public health and the environment. The new proposed Primary Standard for Ozone is the three-year average of the 4th high of the forward rolling eight-hour average, which is less than 0.08 PPM. It should be noted that US Supreme Court has recently allowed the USEPA to implement the new ozone standard. 13 For Calendar Year 2001, there were six sites that violated the 8-hour proposed primary standard for ozone. One of those sites was the Mt. Ord monitoring site, which was operated by ADEQ for the year 2001. Since the site is located in the same place as the old MCESD site, MCESD 1999 data was averaged with ADEQ 2000 and 2001 data to determine whether the site violated the standard. The following is the 2001 data summary for 8-hour Ozone at Maricopa County monitoring sites (Table -14). PROPOSED 8-HR OZONE STANDARD SUMMARY (Table -14) Site 1999 4th high Truncate 2000 4th high Truncate 2001 4th high Truncate 3 Yr. Avg. of 4th 3 Yr. Avg. of 4th high Actual high Truncate PPM Blue Point 0.088 0.088 0.080 0.085333 0.085 Central Phoenix 0.078 0.077 0.076 0.077 0.077 Falcon Field 0.082 0.075 0.081 0.079333 0.079 Fountain Hills 0.086 0.085 0.084 0.085 0.085 Glendale 0.083 0.081 0.078 0.080667 0.08 Humboldt Mt. 0.088 0.083 0.085 0.085333 0.085 Maryvale 0.080 0.081 0.074 0.078333 0.078 Mesa 0.084 0.076 0.074 0.078 0.078 Mt Ord (ADEQ) 0.088 0.090 0.077 0.085 0.085 North Phoenix 0.084 0.087 0.086 0.085667 0.085 Pinnacle Peak 0.085 0.086 0.086 0.085667 0.085 Rio Verde 0.085 0.086 0.083 0.084667 0.084 South Phoenix 0.075 0.084 0.077 0.078667 0.078 South Scottsdale 0.072 0.080 0.079 0.077 0.077 0.082333 0.082 West Phoenix 0.091 0.081 0.075  Indicates violation of standard # Indicates <75% data available Ozone is a naturally occurring compound in which three oxygen atoms combine together. This is an unstable combination, and ozone is continually going through a natural cycle of being formed and then converting back to the more stable “normal” double oxygen compound. The cycle occurs fairly rapidly. In the stratosphere (6 miles and more above the earth), natural ozone has a beneficial effect of screening out harmful ultraviolet light from the sun. Ozone is a major component of the brown haze smog in our breathing air. Ozone is not directly emitted into the air, but rather forms in a complex reaction that involves heat, sunlight, and a “soup” of toxic pollutants, especially Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC). Some of the most common sources are gasoline vapors, chemical solvents, and combustion products of fuels and consumer products. Ozone is created by sunlight acting on nitrates (NOx) and VOC from motor vehicles and stationary sources, and can be carried hundreds of miles from their origins. Ozone affects the respiratory system in people, animals, and the growth of plants. In 2001 Maricopa County achieved its fifth year of compliance with the one-hour standard. However, the urbanized area of Maricopa County currently retains its designation as a serious non-attainment area. MAG is preparing a maintenance plan for submission to the USEPA to allow Maricopa County to be re-designated to an attainment area for the one-hour ozone standard. 14 PARTICULATE MATTER (PM-10) During 2001, sixteen PM-10 monitors were reported as operational in USEPA Aerometric Information and Retrieval System (AIRS). Six monitors were identified as NAMS, seven were identified as SLAMS, and three were identified as SPM (Table -6). The Central Phoenix site (CP) has both a Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance (TEOM) monitor and a 6-day SSI High Volume Monitor. For Calendar Year 2001 eight exceedances of the PM-10 24-hour standard and four exceedances of the PM-10 annual standard were recorded at Maricopa County monitoring sites (see Table -7, -9). The following is the 2001 data summary for particulates at Maricopa County monitoring sites (Table -15, -16). 2001 PARTICULATES - PM-10 SUMMARY (Table -15) Site 24hr Avg. Max. 24hr Avg. 2nd Number of Expected Annual Avg. (µg/m3) High (µg/m3) Exceedances Exceedances (µg/m3) Completeness Percentage (%) Central Phoenix 124 65 0 0 38 98 Chandler 146 99 0 0 48 100 * 189 142 1 6 * 58 100 Gilbert 121 119 0 0 39 100 Glendale 110 64 0 0 33 95 Greenwood 145 99 0 0 49 97 * 176 93 1 6 50 97 Maryvale 123 94 0 0 38 97 Mesa 98 55 0 0 30 100 North Phoenix 99 55 0 0 30 100 * 281 * 275 6 43 * 94 98 South Phoenix 143 92 0 0 50 98 South Scottsdale 110 53 0 0 33 100 Surprise 107 52 0 0 27 97 West Chandler 134 58 0 0 34 100 West Phoenix 142 91 0 0 43 100 Durango Complex Higley Salt River * Indicates an Exceedance of the Standard # Indicates <75% data available Particulate Matter is the term for solid or liquid particles found in the air. While some particles are large or dark enough to be seen as soot or smoke, others can only be seen through an electron microscope. In 1987 the EPA replaced the TSP (Total Suspended Particulates) air quality standard with a PM-10 (particles measuring less than ten microns) Standard. Research found that PM-10 has the ability to reach the lower regions of the respiratory tract. PM-10 affects the respiratory system in people and animals. Particulates that have high acid levels can cause damage to man-made materials and reduce visibility. In 2000 the urbanized area of Maricopa County remained a serious non-attainment area for particulates. A Revised MAG 1999 Serious Area Particulate Plan was submitted to the USEPA in February 2000. In the April 13, 2000 Federal Register, the USEPA proposed approval of the provisions of the MAG Particulate Plan pertaining to the annual particulate standard. The following is a list of sites that do and do not violate the 24 hr NAAQS for Particulates in 2001 (Table -16). An expected exceedance rate of greater than one indicates a violation of the standard. 15 2001 24-HR PARTICULATES VIOLATIONS (Table -16) 1999 Site 2000 2001 Central Phoenix Chandler 85 110 No. of Exp. Exc. 0 0 Durango Complex 148 0 300 11.8 189 6 5.9 Gilbert 90 0 128 0 121 0 < 1.0 Glendale 77 0 122 0 110 0 < 1.0 Greenwood 117 0 164 11.8 145 0 3.9 Higley NA NA # 327 # 8.3 176 6 NA Maryvale 104 0 173 6.1 123 0 2.0 Mesa 80 0 126 0 98 0 < 1.0 North Phoenix 70 0 114 0 99 0 < 1.0 Salt River 256 51 244 42.7 281 49 47.5 # 126 0 175 6.1 143 0 2.0 South Scottsdale 87 0 100 0 110 0 < 1.0 Surprise NA NA NA NA 107 0 NA West Chandler 151 0 135 0 134 0 < 1.0 West Phoenix 111 0 151 0 142 0 < 1.0 South Phoenix Max. 24hr  Indicates violation of standard Max. 24hr 135 202 No. of Exp. Exc. 0 6.6 124 146 No. of Exp. Exc. 0 0 Expected Exceedance Rate 24hr Avg. Max. 24hr < 1.0 2.2 # Indicates <75% data available Fine particles (PM-2.5 particles measuring less than 2.5 microns) are respirable. They enter the body and are deposited in the pulmonary tissues. Epidemiological studies have shown a causal relationship between particulates and excess mortality, aggravation of bronchitis, and small reversible changes in the pulmonary function in children. Currently, Maricopa County does not operate any PM 2.5 monitors. However, the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ) does operate seven PM 2.5 monitors within Maricopa County. They are the Estrella, Palo Verde, Greenwood, Supersite, Tempe Community Center, Desert West, Magnet School Traditional (which was moved to MCESD West Phoenix site June 13, 2000), and ASU West. ADEQ reports the PM-2.5 data in their annual report. NITROGEN DIOXIDE (NO2) All parts of Maricopa County are in attainment for nitrogen dioxide. During 2001, five NO2 monitors were operational and were reported in USEPA Aerometric Information and Retrieval System (AIRS). Two monitors were designated as NAMS monitors, two designated as SLAMS, and one was designated as SPM (see Table -6). For Calendar Year 2001, no exceedances of the NO2 annual standard were recorded at Maricopa County NAMS/SLAMS monitoring sites (see Table -7, -9). The following is the 2001 data summary for Nitrogen Dioxide at Maricopa County monitoring sites (see Table -17). 16 2001 NITROGEN DIOXIDE (Table -17) Site Central Phoenix Greenwood South Scottsdale Tempe West Phoenix NO2 Avg. 1-HRMax. (PPM) Date NO2 Avg. 2ND High (PPM) Date Number of Samples Annual Avg. (PPM) NO2 Avg. 24-HR Max (PPM) Date NO2 Avg. 2ND High (PPM) Date .094 01/12/01 .088 01/04/01 8389 .028 .060 12/18/01 .055 10/27/01 .118 01/04/01 .097 12/20/01 7941 .037 .072 01/05/01 .070 10/26/01 .077 05/08/01 .077 10/19/01 8193 .021 .046 12/19/01 .044 12/18/01 .099 11/20/01 .077 11/21/01 7420 .022 .062 11/21/01 .042 12/18/01 .078 06/29/01 .076 12/29/01 8520 .025 .056 12/20/01 .055 12/19/01 * Indicates an Exceedance of the Standard # Indicates <75% data available Nitrogen Dioxide belongs to a family of highly reactive gases called nitrogen oxides. These gases form when fuel is burned at high temperatures, and are emitted primarily from automobile exhaust and power plants. Exposure to nitrogen dioxide can irritate the lungs and lower resistance to respiratory infections, particularly in people with existing respiratory illness such as asthma. SULFUR DIOXIDE (SO2) Maricopa County is in attainment for sulfur dioxide. During 2001, two SO2 monitors were operational and were reported in USEPA Aerometric Information and Retrieval System (AIRS). Both of these monitors were designated NAMS sites (see Table -6). For Calendar Year 2001 no exceedances of the SO2 annual, 24-hour, or 3-hour standard were recorded at Maricopa County NAMS/SLAMS monitoring sites (see Table -7, -9). The following is the 2001 data summary for Nitrogen Dioxide at Maricopa County monitoring sites (see Table -18). 2001 SULFUR DIOXIDE (Table -18) Site 3-HR MAX (PPM) Date . 24-HR MAX (PPM) Date Central Phoenix .017 12/28/01 .009 12/18/01 .002 0 8405 South Scottsdale .008 .006 03/10/01 .001 0 8196 03/05/01 Annual Avg. (PPM) Number of Exceed. Number Samples * Indicates an Exceedance of the Standard SO2 is emitted largely from burning high-sulfur coal, oil, and diesel fuel. Because this gas is usually found in association with particulate pollution, as SO2 is the precursor for fine sulfate particles, separating the health effects of these two pollutants is difficult. Together SO2 and PM-10 make up a major portion of the pollutant load in many cities, acting separately and in concert to damage public health. 17 LEAD/TSP Because of the history of no violations of the standard and declining concentrations Maricopa County discontinued monitoring at its two Lead/TSP monitors, Central Phoenix and the Fairgrounds sites in 1997. 18 MARICOPA COUNTY AIR MONITORING SITES 2001 For a map of the MCESD Air Monitoring Network go online at: http://www.maricopa.gov/sbeap/AIR_MONI.HTM Site Abbr. BP CC CH CP DC EM FF FH GI GL GR HI HM LP MA ME NP PP RV SA SP SS SU TE WC WI WP 19 Site Name Blue Point Cave Creek Chandler Central Phoenix Durango Complex Emergency Management Falcon Field Fountain Hills Gilbert Glendale Greenwood Higley Site Humboldt Mountain Lake Pleasant Maryvale Mesa North Phoenix Pinnacle Peak Rio Verde Salt River Site South Phoenix South Scottsdale Surprise Tempe Site West Chandler W. Indian School West Phoenix Site Location Usery Pass & Bush Highway 32nd St. & Carefree Highway Pecos & McQueen 19th St & Roosevelt 27th Ave. & Durango St. 52nd St. & McDowell Rd. McKellips & Greenfield Palisades & Fountain Hills Blvd. Guadalupe & Lindsey Rd. 59th Ave & W. Olive 27th Ave. & Interstate 10 Chandler Blvd. & Higley Rd. Top of Humboldt Mountain Desert Outdoor Center 61st Ave. & Encanto Broadway Rd. & Alma School Rd. 7th Street & Dunlap Avenue Pima Rd & Pinnacle Peak Forest Rd & Del Ray Ave. 22nd Ave. & Lower Buckeye Central Ave. & Broadway Scottsdale Rd. & Thomas Rd. Reems Rd. and Grand Ave. Apache Blvd. & College Ave. Ellis Rd. & Frye Blvd. 33rd Ave. & W. Indian School. Rd. 39th Ave. & Earll Dr. Site Specifications Site Latitude Longitude Site Location BP CC CH CP DC EM FF FH GI GL GR HI HM LP MA ME NP PP RV SA SP SS SU TE WC WI WP 33: 33' 09.263" 33: 49.32' 33: 17' 09.630" 33: 27' 29.130" 33: 25' 60" 33: 28' 11.649" 33: 27' 09.371" 33: 36' 39.545" 33: 21' 38.482" 33: 34' 09.487" 33: 27' 38.872" 33: 18.47' 33: 58' 53.255" 33: 52' 12.175" 33: 28' 28.611" 33: 24' 37.798" 33: 33' 37.055" 33: 42' 43.440" 33: 43' 06.418" 33: 25' 03.788" 33: 24' 12.410" 33: 28' 46.049" 33: 39.18' 33: 24.67' 33: 17.93' 33: 29' 40.950" 33: 29' 01.280" -111: 36' 25.465" -112: 1.02' -111: 49' 03.691" -112: 02' 28.809" -112: 07' 12" -111: 57' 59.411" -111:43' 58.462" -111: 40' 16.368" -111: 46' 07.890" -112: 11' 26.855" -112: 07' 00.526" -111: 43.33' -111: 47' 50.478" -112: 17' 13.330" -112: 11' 32.055" -111: 51' 51.518" -112: 03' 55.797" -111: 51' 05.644" -111: 40' 16.142" -112: 06' 12.194" -112: 04' 23.196" -111: 54' 59.250" -112: 22.65' -111:56.10' -111: 53.04' -112: 07' 48.825" -112: 08' 31.463" Usery Pass & Bush Highway 32nd St. & Carefree Highway Pecos & McQueen 19th St & Roosevelt 27th Ave. & Durango St. 52nd St. & McDowell Rd. McKellips & Greenfield Palisades & Fountain Hills Blvd. Guadalupe & Lindsey Rd. 59th Ave & W. Olive 27th Ave. & Interstate 10 Higley Rd. & Chandler Blvd Top of Humboldt Mountain Desert Outdoor Center 61st Ave. & Encanto Broadway Rd. & Alma School Rd. 7th Street & Dunlap Avenue Pima Rd & Pinnacle Peak Forest Rd & Del Ray Ave. 22nd Ave. & lower Buckeye Central Ave. & Broadway Scottsdale Rd. & Thomas Rd. Reems Rd & Grand Ave College Ave. & Apache Blvd. Ellis St. & Frye Rd. 33rd Ave. & Indian School Rd. 39th Ave. & Earll Dr. 20 AIRS ID 04-013-9702 04-013-4008 04-013-0021 04-013-3002 04-013-9812 04-013-3004 04-013-1010 04-013-9704 04-013-3005 04-013-2001 04-013-3010 04-013-4006 04-013-9508 04-013-9805 04-013-3006 04-013-1003 04-013-1004 04-013-2005 04-013-9706 04-013-3007 04-013-4003 04-013-3003 04-013-4007 04-013-4005 04-013-4004 04-013-0016 04-013-0019 Maricopa County Blue Point Air Monitoring Site Blue Point (BP) (04-013-9702) Location: Bush Highway and Usery Pass Road Spatial Scale: Urban Monitoring Objective: High Down Wind Maximum Concentrations, category (a) Site Description: The Blue Point site became operational in July 1995 and is located in a Maricopa County Sheriffs Sub-Station in Tonto National Forest. This site represents the maximum ozone concentration, and urban scale down wind transport conditions. This site is located approximately 40 miles east from the Phoenix metropolitan area. Ozone is the only criteria pollutant monitored at this NAMS station. A wind speed and direction instrument was installed at the site. Max. 1-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 1-hr O3 Max. 8-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number of Daily Exceedances >0.08 Three year avg. of 4th High *Indicates an Exceedance of the Standard 21 1999 0.108 0 0.0922 7 * 0.087 2000 0.108 0 0.090 11 * 0.088 2001 0.111 0 .0864 1 * .085 Cave Creek Site (CC) (04-013-4008) Location: 32nd St. & Care free Highway Spatial Scale: Urban Monitoring Objective: Down Wind Maximum Concentrations Site Description: The Cave Creek site became operational in August 2001 and is located in the Maricopa County Cave Creek Recreation Area (Park Office). This site was chosen through discussions on modifying the ozone network for the new 8-hr ozone standard (see ADDITIONAL COMMENTS). Ozone is the only criteria pollutant monitored at this SLAMS station. Wind speed and direction are also monitored at the site. Max. 1-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 1-hr O3 Max. 8-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number of Daily Exceedances >0.08 Three year avg. of 4th High *Indicates an Exceedance of the Standard 22 1999 Not operating Not operating Not operating Not operating Not operating 2000 Not operating Not operating Not operating Not operating Not operating 2001 0.112 0 .100 2 NA Maricopa County Central Phoenix Air Monitoring Site Central Phoenix (CP) (04-013-3002) Location: 1845 E. Roosevelt Spatial Scale: Neighborhood Monitoring Objective: High Population Exposure category (b) Site Description: The Central Phoenix site has been in existence for over three decades and has provided a long-term historical database with high data recovery. The site is representative of high population exposure (greater than 5000 people per square mile) in the central Phoenix area. This site is a NAMS location for Carbon Monoxide, Ozone, PM-10, SO2 and NO2 criteria pollutants. Maricopa County also maintains a continuous (TEOM) monitor for PM10 daily forecasts during the winter season. Max. 8-hr CO Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 8-hr CO Max. 1-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 1-hr O3 Max. 8-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number of Daily Exceedances >0.08 Three year avg. of 4th High Max. 24-hr PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) Number exceedances 24-hr PM-10 Annual PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) Annual NO2 Avg. (PPM) Max. 24-hr SO2 Avg. (PPM) Number of Exceedances Annual SO2 Avg. (PPM) *Indicates an Exceedance of the Standard 23 1999 7.2 0 0.1099 0 0.0884 7 0.078 84.9 0 44 0.033 0.019 0 0.002 2000 5.3 0 0.094 0 0.088 1 0.078 135 0 46 0.031 0.015 0 0.002 2001 4.8 0 0.091 0 0.079 0 0.077 124 0 38 0.028 0.009 0 .002 Maricopa County Chandler Air Monitoring Site Chandler (CH) (04-013-0021) Location: 1475 E. Pecos Spatial Scale: Neighborhood Monitoring Objective: High Population Exposure, category (b) Site Description: The Chandler site is located on the property of the City of Chandler’s Wastewater Treatment Plant (CWTP). The area immediately surrounding the CWTP was a low population density area; however, it is experiencing rapid residential growth. The site is a NAMS (category b) location for PM10 Particulates. Future air quality data from this location may be threatened since the CWTP has given notice of proposed expansion plans where the platform presently stands. Additionally, the site has become a storage location for street signs, water valves, and other municipal equipment. The site often measures a higher than expected particulate value, which has become more indicative of yard activity than reliable ambient air quality data. The present Arizona State Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ) site located at Higley is being considered as a replacement. Max. 24-hr PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) Number exceedances 24-hr PM-10 Annual PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) *Indicates an Exceedance of the Standard 24 1999 110.0 0 * 61 2000 202 1 * 57 2001 146 0 48 Maricopa County Durango Complex Air Monitoring Site Durango Complex (DC) (04-013-9812) Location: 2702 AC Esterbrook Blvd Spatial Scale: Middle Monitoring Objective: Maximum Concentration Site Description: This site is located one mile Northwest of the existing Salt River site on the Maricopa County Flood Control District storage yard. Sampling began on January 6,1999 with the intent to replace the Salt River site. However, the USEPA determined that the site is not equivalent to the Salt River site. Particulates (SLAMS PM-10) and wind speed and direction are monitored at the site. Max. 24-hr PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) Number exceedances 24-hr PM-10 Annual PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) *Indicates an exceedance of the Standard 25 1999 147.5 0 * 66 2000 * 300 2 * 70 2001 * 189 1 * 58 Maricopa County Emergency Management Air Monitoring Site Emergency Management (EM) (04-013-3004) Location: 2035 N. 52nd Street Spatial Scale: Neighborhood Monitoring Objective: High Population Exposure Site Description: Monitoring began at this site in November 1993. This site is located at the Emergency Management Operations Center. Seasonal ozone is the criteria pollutant monitored at this SLAMS site. Through discussions on modifying the ozone network for the new 8-hr ozone standard, the site was shut down as of June 2001. 1999 Max. 1-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) 0.118 Number exceedances 1-hr O3 0 Max. 8-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) 0.097 Number of Daily Exceedances >0.08 7 Three year avg. of 4th High 0.084 * Indicates Violation of Standard # Indicates <75 % data available 26 2000 .088 0 .078 0 0.079 2001 # 0.073 0 # 0.067 0 NA Maricopa County Falcon Field Mesa Airport Air Monitoring Site Falcon Field (FF) (04-013-1010) Location: 4530 E. McKellips Spatial Scale: Urban Monitoring Objective: High Population Exposure Site Description: Ozone is the seasonal SLAMS criteria pollutant monitored at this station. Monitoring began in June of 1989. It is located near an airfield in a fire station with the area having a lower population density. Measurements are representative of ozone concentrations down wind over large portions of an urban area with dimensions of several to 50 or more kilometers. Max. 1-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 1-hr O3 Max. 8-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number of Daily Exceedances >0.08 Three year avg. of 4th High * Indicates Violation of Standard 27 1999 0.114 0 0.091 6 0.082 2000 0.097 0 0.083 0 0.080 2001 0.111 0 0.090 2 .079 Maricopa County Fountain Hills Air Monitoring Site Fountain Hills (FH) (04-013-9704) Location: 16426 E. Palisades Spatial Scale: Neighborhood Monitoring Objective: High Down Wind Concentrations, category (b) Site Description: The site is located at a Fountain Hills fire station. This site became operational in April of 1996. The site monitors ozone (NAMS category b) and wind speed and direction. This site is located approximately 15 miles downwind from the Phoenix metropolitan area. This site represents the high-density population areas on the fringes of the central basin district along the predominant summer/fall daytime wind direction. Max. 1-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 1-hr O3 Max. 8-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number of Daily Exceedances >0.08 Three year avg. of 4th High * Indicates Violation of Standard 28 1999 0.114 0 0.091 6 * 0.086 2000 0.117 0 0.089 4 * 0.085 2001 0.110 0 0.087 3 * 0.085 Maricopa County Gilbert Air Monitoring Site Gilbert (GI) (04-013-3005) Location: 525 N. Lindsay Spatial Scale: Neighborhood Monitoring Objective: High Population Exposure Site Description: Monitoring began at this site in November 1993 and was designated from Special Purpose Monitor to SLAMS in 1996. The site is located at a City of Gilbert water well pump house. PM-10 is the only criteria pollutant monitored at this site. With two other PM-10 monitors located within 3 miles of the site, the Gilbert site was determined to be redundant. The site will be completely shutdown as of Jan 1, 2002. The EPA and ADEQ were notified and agreed with the shutdown. Max. 8-hr CO Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 8-hr CO Max. 24-hr PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) Number exceedances 24-hr PM-10 Annual PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) 1999 2.4 0 89.9 0 45 *Indicates an Exceedance of the Standard # Indicates <75% data available 29 2000 #Jan.-Feb. 2.0 0 128 0 49 2001 Shut off Shut off 121 0 39 Maricopa County Glendale Air Monitoring Site Glendale (GL) (04-013-2001) Location: 6000 W. Olive Spatial Scale: Neighborhood Monitoring Objective: High Population Exposure Site Description: The Glendale site was established over two decades ago and is located on the grounds of Glendale Community College in a growing residential area. Homes, various strip malls, food establishments, and parks surround the site. Seasonal Carbon Monoxide, Seasonal Ozone, (SLAMS) and PM-10 (NAMS category b) are the criteria pollutants monitored at this station. Max. 8-hr CO Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 8-hr CO Max. 1-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 1-hr O3 Max. 8-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number of Daily Exceedances >0.08 Three year avg. of 4th High Max. 24-hr PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) Number exceedances 24-hr PM-10 Annual PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) * Indicates an Exceedance of the Standard 30 1999 3.8 0 0.108 0 0.083 0 0.076 76 0 36 2000 3.5 0 0.100 0 0.088 1 0.078 122 0 41 2001 3.1 0 0.116 0 0.092 2 0.080 110 0 33 Maricopa County Greenwood Air Monitoring Site Greenwood (GR) (04-013-3010) Location: Southwest Corner of 27th Avenue and I-10 Spatial Scale: Middle Scale Monitoring Objective: High Population Exposure Site Description: Monitoring began at this site in December 1993. The station is bordered on the north by Interstate-10, on the west and south by neighborhood homes, and to the east by Greenwood cemetery. Interstate-17 is approximately one mile to the east of the site. Carbon Monoxide, NO2, and PM-10 are the criteria pollutants monitored at this SLAMS facility. Max. 8-hr CO Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 8-hr CO Max. 24-hr PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) Number exceedances 24-hr PM-10 Annual PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) Annual NO2 Avg. (PPM) * Indicates an Exceedance of the Standard 31 1999 6.7 0 117.3 0 * 58 .040 2000 5.6 0 * 164 2 * 61 .036 2001 5.2 0 145 0 49 .037 Maricopa County Higley Air Monitoring Site Higley (HI) (04-013-4006) Location: 15400 So. Higley Rd. Gilbert AZ Spatial Scale: Neighborhood Monitoring Objective: High Population Exposure with High Concentration Site Description: Originally, in 1994 ADEQ set up to monitor for background particulate concentrations near the urban limits of Maricopa County. Since then, urban expansion has enveloped the site, so it no longer serves their purpose. MCESD installed a PM-10 HI-VOL in the second quarter of 2000. The data from this site was compared to the Chandler Site and was found to be comparable. If the City of Chandler requests MCESD to remove the Chandler Site it is our intention for the Higley site to replace the Chandler site. The ADEQ removed its DICHOT PM10 sampler 4th quarter 2001. Max. 24-hr PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) Number exceedances 24-hr PM-10 Annual PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) 1999 not operating * Indicates an Exceedance of the Standard # Indicates <75% data available 32 2000 * 327 1 #72 2001 * 176 1 50 Maricopa County Humboldt Mountain Air Monitoring Site Humboldt Mountain (HM) (04-013-9508) Location: Humboldt Mountain Summit Spatial Scale: Regional Monitoring Objective: High Downwind Concentrations Site Description: This site become operational in May 1996. The Humboldt Mountain site is located on Federal Aviation Agency property, in a National Forest Service building, in the Tonto National Forest. This site is located approximately 40 miles north- northeast from the Phoenix metropolitan area at an altitude of 5230 feet. Ozone is the only criteria pollutant that is monitored at this seasonal SLAMS site. Max. 1-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 1-hr O3 Max. 8-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number of Daily Exceedances >0.08 Three year avg. of 4th High * Indicates Violation of Standard 33 1999 0.098 0 0.091 7 * 0.086 2000 0.095 0 0.086 3 * 0.087 2001 0.098 0 0.088 4 * 0.085 Maricopa County Lake Pleasant Air Monitoring Site Lake Pleasant (LP) (04-013-9805) Location: 41402 North 87th Ave. Spatial Scale: Urban Monitoring Objective: High Downwind Concentrations Site Description: This station is located within the boundaries of a Maricopa County Park surrounded by desert wilderness. The site is operating at the Desert Recreational facility as a display along with indigenous reptiles and amphibians. The Lake Pleasant site operated as a seasonal SLAMS site for Ozone. Through discussions on modifying the ozone network for the new 8-hr ozone standard, the site was shut down as of June 2001. Most of the equipment at the site was used to create the Cave Creek site. 1999 Max. 1-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) 0.095 Number exceedances 1-hr O3 0 Max. 8-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) 0.084 Number of Daily Exceedances >0.08 0 th Three year avg. of 4 High # * Indicates Violation of Standard # Indicates <75% data available 34 2000 0.097 0 0.090 3 0.082 2001 # 0.085 0 # 0.077 0 NA Maricopa County Maryvale Air Monitoring Site Maryvale (MA) (04-013-3006) Location: 6180 W. Encanto Blvd. Spatial Scale: Neighborhood Monitoring Objective: High Population Exposure Site Description: Monitoring began at this site in November 1993. This monitoring station is located at the Maryvale Phoenix Police Station. The site is surrounded by residential neighborhoods with a City of Phoenix park to the West. Carbon Monoxide, Ozone, (seasonal) and PM-10 are the criteria pollutants monitored at this SLAMS station. Max. 8-hr CO Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 8-hr CO Max. 1-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 1-hr O3 Max. 8-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number of Daily Exceedances >0.08 Three year Avg. of 4th High Max. 24-hr PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) Number exceedances 24-hr PM-10 Annual PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) * Indicates Violation of Standard 35 1999 7.2 0 0.112 0 0.086 2 0.081 104.4 0 45 2000 7.0 0 0.100 0 0.091 1 0.082 173* 1 48 2001 7.6 0 0.097 0 0.083 0 0.078 123 0 38 Maricopa County Mesa Air Monitoring Site Mesa (ME) (04-013-1003) Location: 370 S. Brooks Spatial Scale: Neighborhood Monitoring Objective: High Population Exposure Site Description: This site is located at Brooks Reservoir at the western edge of the city near the Tempe border. It is centered in an area that is residential, industrial, and a small amount of agricultural. An open field borders the site on the west, commercial development to the north, light industry east and south of the site. Carbon Monoxide, Ozone, and PM-10 are the criteria pollutants monitored at this SLAMS site. Max. 8-hr CO Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 8-hr CO Max. 1-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 1-hr O3 Max. 8-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number of Daily Exceedances >0.08 Three year Avg. of 4th High Max. 24-hr PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) Number exceedances 24-hr PM-10 Annual PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) * Indicates Violation of Standard 36 1999 4.4 0 0.1248 0 0.096 3 0.082 80.1 0 35 2000 4.3 0 0.102 0 0.089 1 0.080 126 0 37 2001 2.9 0 0.093 0 0.078 0 0.078 98 0 30 Maricopa County Mt. Ord Air Monitoring Site Mount Ord (MO) Location: Mount Ord Summit Spatial Scale: Regional Monitoring Objective: Maximum Down Wind Concentration Site Description: ADEQ has taken over the site as of 1/1/2000. This site became operational in May 1996. The Mount Ord site is located in an U.S. Forest Service building, adjacent to a Class I Wilderness Area, in the Tonto National Forest. This site is located 46 miles downwind (NE) from the Phoenix metropolitan area, at an altitude of 7280 feet. Ozone is the criteria pollutant monitored at this station. MCESD shutdown the site as 01/2000. ADEQ operated their seasonal ozone monitor at the site for the year 2001. The 2001 3-yr avg. of 4th high 8-hr ozone value was calculated with both ADEQ and MCESD data. Max. 1-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 1-hr O3 Max. 8-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number of Daily Exceedances >0.08 Three year Avg. of 4th High * Indicates Violation of Standard 37 1999 0.103 0 0.094 8 0.087 2000 ADEQ 0.111 0 .091 9 * 0.089 2001 ADEQ 0.102 0 0.082 0 * 0.085 Maricopa County North Phoenix Air Monitoring Site North Phoenix (NP) (04-013-1004) Location: 601 E. Butler Spatial Scale: Neighborhood Monitoring Objective: High Population Exposure Site Description: This site is located in the Sunnyslope area of North Phoenix. Sunnyslope is an old established neighborhood, primarily residential. High-density population surrounds the site. Carbon Monoxide, Ozone, and PM-10 (SLAMS) are monitored at this site, along with temperature inversion. Max. 8-hr CO Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 8-hr CO Max. 1-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 1-hr O3 Max. 8-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number of Daily Exceedances >0.08 Three year Avg. of 4th High Max. 24-hr PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) Number exceedances 24-hr PM-10 Annual PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) * Indicates Violation of Standard 38 1999 3.5 0 0.110 0 0.0884 3 * 0.088 70 0 34 2000 3.1 0 0.107 0 0.092 4 * 0.086 114 0 37 2001 2.5 0 0.110 0 0.094 4 * 0.085 99 0 30 Maricopa County Pinnacle Peak Air Monitoring Site Pinnacle Peak (PP) (04-013-2005) Location: 25000 Windy Walk Way Spatial Scale: Urban Monitoring Objective: High Down Wind Concentrations Site Description: This SLAMS site for ozone is located at a golf course country club and is surrounded by residential homes. It is located in a geographic area of low-density population (less than 2500 people per square mile). In previous years, ozone exceedances have been recorded due to transport of ozone and precursors from more urbanized areas of metro-Phoenix. Max. 1-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 1-hr O3 Max. 8-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number of Daily Exceedances >0.08 Three year Avg. of 4th High * Indicates an Exceedance of the Standard 39 1999 0.119 0 0.0908 4 0.084 2000 0.117 0 0.092 5 * 0.085 2001 0.107 0 0.095 4 * 0.085 Maricopa County Rio Verde Air Monitoring Site Rio Verde (RV) (04-013-9704) Location: N. Forest Rd. Spatial Scale: Urban Monitoring Objective: High Downwind Concentrations. Site description: This seasonal ozone site became operational in spring of 1997. The monitor is located at the fire station / County Sheriff’s office sub-station located in a residential area surrounded by the desert of Tonto National forest. The site is eight miles north of the Fountain Hills NAMS station, on the edge of a Class I Wilderness Area. Max. 1-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 1-hr O3 Max. 8-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number of Daily Exceedances >0.08 Three year Avg. of 4th High 1999 0.111 0 0.0931 5 NA *Indicates an Exceedance of the Standard # Indicates <75% data available 40 2000 0.117 0 0.089 5 NA 2001 0.102 0 0.084 0 0.084 Maricopa County Salt River Air Monitoring Site Salt River (SA) (04-013-3007) Location: 3045 S. 22nd Avenue Spatial Scale: Middle Scale Monitoring Objectives: Maximum Concentration and the impact of significant sources or source categories on ambient conditions Site Description: Monitoring began at the Salt site on January 14, 1994. This site is located at a City of Phoenix vehicle maintenance yard in an industrial area. The site has one 6-day SS HIVOL particulate monitor. The main purpose of the monitor is to measure Maximum concentration and to determine the impact on ambient pollution levels of significant sources or source categories. The sources around the site include sand and gravel, metal recycling, pre-cast manufacturing, and paved and unpaved haul road (see ADDITIONAL COMMENTS section). Max. 24-hr PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) Number exceedances 24-hr PM-10 Annual PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) *Indicates an Exceedance of the Standard 41 1999 * 256.1 9 * 101 2000 * 244 6 * 101 2001 * 281 6 * 94 Maricopa County South Phoenix Air Monitoring Site South Phoenix (SP) (04-013-4003) Location: 4732 S. Central Spatial Scale: Neighborhood Monitoring Objective: High Population Exposure Site Description: The site is at the edge of a high population area, but also borders on a mixture of residential and commercial (retails stores, food establishments, and office parks) land use. The station has two high population areas (> 5000 people per mile2) north and west of the site. Carbon Monoxide, Ozone, and PM-10 (SLAMS) are the criteria pollutants monitored at this station. The site was reopened October 1999 with a new AIRS code (04-013-4003). Max. 8-hr CO Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 8-hr CO Max. 1-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 1-hr O3 Max. 8-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number of Daily Exceedances >0.08 Three year Avg. of 4th High Max. 24-hr PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) Number exceedances 24-hr PM-10 Annual PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) * Indicates an Exceedance of the Standard 42 1999 4.6 0 0.0906 0 0.0774 0 0.077 # 126 0 * 59 # Indicates <75% data available 2000 5.9 0 0.102 0 0.087 3 0.078 * 175 1 * 61 2001 4.5 0 0.098 0 0.086 1 0.078 143 0 50 Maricopa County South Scottsdale Air Monitoring Site South Scottsdale (SS) (04-013-3003) Location: 2857 N. Miller Spatial Scale: Urban Neighborhood Monitoring Objective: High Population Exposure, category (b) Site Description: The South Scottsdale site is located within a City of Scottsdale Fire Station. The area North of the site is defined as high density residential with over 5000 persons per square mile with surrounding residential density of (2500 to 5000 persons per square mile). This site is located 12 miles east of metropolitan Central Phoenix. Carbon Monoxide, (SLAMS) Ozone, NO2, SO2, and PM-10 (All NAMS) are the criteria pollutants monitored at this station. Max. 8-hr CO Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 8-hr CO Max. 1-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 1-hr O3 Max. 8-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number of Daily Exceedances >0.08 Three year Avg. of 4th High Max. 24-hr PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) Number exceedances 24-hr PM-10 Annual PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) Annual NO2 Avg. (PPM) Max. 24-hr SO2 Avg. (PPM) Number of Exceedances Annual SO2 Avg. (PPM) * Indicates an Exceedance of the Standard 43 1999 4.3 0 .0897 0 0.077 0 0.076 87 0 40 0.030 0.019 0 0.001 2000 3.3 0 0.099 0 0.087 1 0.077 100 0 40 0.030 0.018 0 0.001 2001 3.2 0 0.102 0 0.089 1 0.077 110 0 33 .021 0.006 0 0.001 Maricopa County Surprise Air Monitoring Site Surprise (SU) (04-013-4007) Location: 18600 N. Reems Rd Spatial Scale: Neighborhood Monitoring Objective: High Population Exposure Site Description: The site is located in the City of Surprise Fire and Police Station #2. The site is at the edge of a growing population area in the northwest valley. The land use around the site consists of high-density housing, subdivisions of single family homes and light commercial (strip malls). The site started operations November 2000. Carbon Monoxide, Ozone, and PM-10 are the criteria pollutants monitored at this station. Max. 8-hr CO Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 8-hr CO Max. 1-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 1-hr O3 Max. 8-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number of Daily Exceedances >0.08 Three year Avg. of 4th High Max. 24-hr PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) Number exceedances 24-hr PM-10 Annual PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) 1999 Not Operating Not Operating Not Operating Not Operating Not Operating * Indicates an Exceedance of the Standard # Indicates <75% data available 44 2000 # 1.0 0 #0.049 0 # 0.043 0 NA # NA # 2001 1.2 0 0.093 0 0.074 0 NA 107 0 27 Maricopa County Tempe Air Monitoring Site Tempe (TE) (04-013-4005) Location: Between University and Broadway Rd. on College Ave North of Daley Park Spatial Scale: Neighborhood Scale Monitoring Objective: High Population Exposure Site Description: This site is being considered to fill in a spatial gap between the metropolitan Phoenix area and the city of Mesa. Ozone (SPM), Carbon Monoxide (SPM), and Nitrogen Dioxide (SPM) will be monitored at the site. Max. 8-hr CO Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 8-hr CO Max. 1-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 1-hr O3 Max. 8-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number of Daily Exceedances >0.08 Three year Avg. of 4th High Annual NO2 Avg. (PPM) 1999 not operating not operating not operating not operating not operating * Indicates an Exceedance of the Standard # Indicates <75% data available 45 2000 # 3.7 0 # 0.099 0 # 0.086 1 NA # 0.022 2001 3.2 0 0.099 0 0.089 1 NA .022 Maricopa County West Chandler Air Monitoring Site West Chandler (WC) (04-013-3009) (04-013-4004) Location: Frye Rd & Ellis Spatial Scale: Neighborhood Scale Monitoring Objective: High Population Exposure Site Description: This site was set up in December 1994 and began monitoring in January 1995. This site was located at the City of Chandler’s Fire Station Number three. The Fire Station is located next to major freeway construction with agricultural fields to the west of the site. The site was closed as of May 2000 and reopened in October 2000. The new site is located ½ mile south of the old West Chandler location. Carbon Monoxide, Ozone, and PM-10 are the criteria pollutants that will continue to be monitored at this SLAMS site. Max. 8-hr CO Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 8-hr CO Max. 1-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 1-hr O3 Max. 8-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number of Daily Exceedances >0.08 Three year Avg. of 4th High Max. 24-hr PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) Number exceedances 24-hr PM-10 Annual PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) 1999 2.9 0 0.0978 0 0.0755 0 0.074 151 0 * 54 * Indicates an Exceedance of the Standard # Indicates <75% data available 46 2000 # 2.5 0 # 0.100 0 # 0.089 1 NA 135 0 44 2001 2.2 0 0.105 0 0.087 1 NA 134 0 34 Maricopa County West Indian School Road Air Monitoring Site West Indian School Rd. (WI) (04-013-0016) Location: 3315 West Indian School Road Spatial Scale: Micro-scale, Monitoring Objective: Maximum Pollutant Concentration and Impact of Significant Sources, category (a) Site Description: The site is located at the City of Phoenix, Wellness Evaluation Center. This site is used to monitor micro-scale maximum concentrations and is based on high vehicular traffic. The Average Weekday Traffic (AWT) volume past this location on Indian School Road estimates 55,000 vehicles. The site is also in close proximity to Grand Ave. and 35th Ave., which have AWT volumes of about 35,000 vehicles. Carbon Monoxide is monitored at this NAMS site. Max. 8-hr CO Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 8-hr CO * Indicates an Exceedance of the Standard 47 1999 7.6 2000 6.8 2001 6.8 0 0 0 Maricopa County West Phoenix Air Monitoring Site West Phoenix (WP) (04-013-0019) Location: 3847 W. Earll Spatial Scale: Neighborhood Monitoring Objective: High Population Exposure Site Description: This site became operational in 1984. It is located about one-mile southwest of the West Indian School Road micro-scale CO monitor. The spatial scale for the West Phoenix site is neighborhood. It is located in an area of stable, high population density. Carbon Monoxide, PM-10 (b) (both NAMS category b) with Ozone, NO2, Delta T (SLAMS) are the criteria pollutants monitored at this site. Max. 8-hr CO Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 8-hr CO Max. 1-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number exceedances 1-hr O3 Max. 8-hr O3 Avg. (PPM) Number of Daily Exceedances >0.08 Three year Avg. of 4th High Max. 24-hr PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) Number exceedances 24-hr PM-10 Annual PM-10 Avg. (ug/m3) Annual NO2 Avg. (PPM) * Indicates an Exceedance of the Standard 48 1999 7.7 0 0.115 0 0.0996 7 * 0.085 110.5 0 * 53 0.030 2000 7.4 0 0.099 0 0.088 1 * 0.086 151 0 * 53 0.029 2001 7.5 0 0.099 0 0.082 0 0.082 142 0 43 .025 ADDITIONAL COMMENTS EPA Ozone Mapping One of the exciting programs MCESD participated in this year was the EPA’s Environmental Monitoring for Public Access and Community Tracking (EMPACT) program. It is a presidential initiative designed to provide time-relevant environmental information in an easily understood format. One way in which the EMPACT Program provides easier access to pollution data is through the Ozone Mapping Project. This project employs the AIRNOW website http://www.epa.gov/airnow to provide real time air pollution (ozone) maps for major metropolitan areas around the United States, including the Phoenix Metropolitan Area. The goals of the US EPA's AIRNOW website are as follows: 1) Provide real-time air pollution data in an understandable, visual format. 2) Provide information about the public health and environmental effects of air pollution. 3) Provide the public with information about ways in which they can protect their health, and actions they can take to reduce pollution. Map-1 This website can be used as a tool for which the public can plan their daily activities and limit their exposure to air pollution. One-hour and eight-hour average peak ozone concentration maps (see Map -1) and a real-time eight-hour ozone animation map are provided. Colors on the map indicate different concentrations of ozone pollution. The one-hour average values are given in parts per billion. The eight-hour averages were converted into Air Quality Index (AQI) numbers. The AQI is based on the NAAQS. The index was developed to convert pollution measurements into a common index that the general public can more easily understand. Different colors on the map correspond to different categories of air quality and health impacts (Table -17). Air Quality Index (Table -17) Index 0 - 50 51 - 100 Color Green Yellow Air Quality Good Moderate 101 - 150 Orange 151 - 200 201 - 300 301 - 500 Red Purple Maroon Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups Unhealthy Very Unhealthy Hazardous 49 Health Impact No harmful effects expected. Unusually sensitive people should consider limiting prolonged outdoor exertion. Active children & adults, people with respiratory disease (i.e. asthma) should limit prolonged outdoor exertion. Everyone should observe caution. Avoid prolonged outdoor exertion Avoid all outdoor exertion. Use extreme caution outdoors Everyone should avoid all outdoor exertion. The animated map is updated every hour from 8am to 8pm seven days a week. Updates to the site will be made during the ozone season (May through October). Archived maps of the 1998, 1999, and 2000 ozone seasons are available. MCESD plans to continue with the project for the 2002 Ozone Season. Maricopa County’s Interactive Pollution Map In keeping with our mission statement of “Ensuring a Safe and Health Environment” MCESD has brought real-time pollution data on the Internet. All of the MCESD continuous data will be available to the public through an interactive map (see Map –2). The air pollutants that are available include carbon monoxide, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and particulates. All of the values are currently one-hour averages. The information is updated on an hourly basis at half past the hour. Data can be accessed at this web address http://www.maricopa.gov/envsvc/AIR/AIRDAY/air_map.asp. One of the major problems in providing “realtime” pollution data to a public medium is providing quality data. This data goes through an automated quality assurance check before it is broadcast however; sometimes-invalid data (Map -2) does make it through. Normal quality assurance checks take between 1-3 months. Consequently, information provided at this site should be used for informational purposes only and should not be relied on as completely accurate. In particular, materials published in the Federal Register take precedence in any discrepancies with those found on this web site Salt River Air Monitoring Site The Salt River PM10 monitoring site near 19th Avenue and Lower Buckeye Road has recorded violations of the annual and 24hr PM10 National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) every year of its operation. As a result, the EPA will probably call for a revision to state implementation plan (SIP). An additional issue is that the monitoring site, which has been located on City of Phoenix property, must be relocated at the end of 2002. The City due to substantial construction on the property has requested removal of the equipment. Efforts to find a suitable replacement site with comparably high PM10 concentrations and a comparable industrial emissions mix have been conducted by the Maricopa County Department of Environmental 50 Salt River Service Center. Temporary Location Monitor Fig. -1 Services and staff from the Assessment Section of the Air Quality Division of ADEQ with limited success. Two candidate sites (Durango and 43rd Ave) have been identified which are two to three miles away. As part of the SIP demonstration, the ADEQ will conduct an analysis of the PM10 concentrations and source attributions for the two alternatives and commit along with MCESD to long-term data collection as a component of the SIP. For the Salt River Study the Salt River monitor will be moved to the top of a building approximately 150 yards northwest of the original site (see Fig. –1). This will allow MCESD to continue to monitor in the area, as an alternative site is determined. Arizona Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ) MCESD continues to hold quarterly meetings with ADEQ. The purpose of these meetings is to maintain the lines of communication between MCESD and ADEQ and help coordinate air monitoring activities within Maricopa County. Subjects discussed this year included providing access to sites for special studies, reevaluation of the ozone network, and the Salt River Monitoring Site Air Quality Study. MCESD and ADEQ have greatly benefited from these meetings and intend to continue them into the year 2002. Through the intergovernmental agreement, MCESD continues to provide ADEQ with electronic access to its air monitoring data. Congruently, ADEQ continues to provide MCESD with access to their air monitoring data. Reevaluation of Ozone Network Since the USEPA will soon be implementing the new 8-hr ozone standard, environmental agencies around the Phoenix Metro Area had a workshop on modifying the existing ozone network. ADEQ provided several suggestions on modifying the network to maximize coverage and better utilize resources. Some of the major ideas for the MCESD ozone network are as follows: 1. The Lake Pleasant site should be moved to the Cave Creek area to better monitor ozone formation. 2. The Emergency Management site should be shutdown because it was determined to be redundant. 3. The Mesa ozone monitor should be shutdown because it was determined to be redundant. 4. An ozone monitor should be established in the area around the old Perryville site (west valley). 5. The Roosevelt ozone monitor should be reestablished. 6. An ozone monitor should be established in the Gila Bend area southwest of the Phoenix Metro Area. MCESD has moved the Lake Pleasant site to The Cave Creek Recreational Area. The Emergency Management has been shutdown. The Mesa Site has a long history and the daily values are published in several newspapers. There might be a public outcry if this data is not available. MCESD will recommend the Mesa Site ozone monitor be changed to a seasonal monitor to help save on resource but still proved data to the public. Chandler and Higley Sites The City of Chandler has also informed MCESD that it will be remodeling the area around our Chandler site (04-031-0021). MCESD looked for a new site that is comparable to and in the same general area as the existing site. The Higley ADEQ site was found to have similar land use patterns as Chandler. A particulate monitor was established in May 2000 with the purpose of comparing both sets of data. Since the Chandler Site has a particulate monitor that is designated as NAMS, sufficient data must be collected to make a comprehensive 51 comparison between the two sites. The remodeling is scheduled to take place in two to four years. Analysis of the data has shown that the Higley Site is equivalent to the Chandler Site. On a side note, MCESD has found out the Chandler Site will be less than a half of a mile (north) of the construction of the Santan Loop 202 (Fig.2). That part of the freeway is scheduled for construction in 2005-2007. With such a large construction project, MCESD believes that the monitor should remain at its current location as long as possible to monitor before, during, and after construction. However if the City of Chandler still needs us to remove the monitor the Higley Site will be used has a replacement site. Gilbert Site Fig. 2 Maricopa County has shut down the Gilbert site as of 12/31/01. The site contained a 6-day PM-10 monitor. The following is a summary of the Gilbert air monitoring particulate data, which operated from 1994 to the present. There has not been an exceedance of the 24-hr PM-10 standard since 7/9/97. Additionally, there has not been an exceedance of the Annual standard since 1995. The monitor was established at the City of Gilbert Maintenance Facility (near Lindsay Rd. & Guadalupe Rd.) as a State and Local air monitoring site (SLAMS) for particulates. The monitoring objective for the site is high population exposure. The spatial scale is neighborhood. The site was established to monitor the effects of agriculture on nearby population centers. This was achieved because of the large agricultural field just north of the site. However, in 2000-2001 the City of Gilbert started to expand their maintenance facilities around the monitor. The facility has expanded into the farm field to the north of the site. The entire area, including the park to the south, has been or will be scheduled to be developed in the near future. All of the agricultural areas around the monitor have been or will be developed. With the recent and future development projects at and near the site, the monitoring objective of high population exposure for particulates no longer applies to the site. There are two PM-10 monitors within 5 miles of the Gilbert site. They are the Chandler Site to the southwest and the recently established Higley Site to the southeast. Both of these sites have the same monitoring objectives and spatial scale as the Gilbert Site. Furthermore, both sites are near active agricultural operations. The following is a comparison of the particulate data for the Gilbert Site to the Chandler and Higley sites: 52 Years 1995 Annual Avg. (ug/m3) 1995 Exceedances of the 24 hr Standard 1996 Annual Avg. (ug/m3) 1996 Exceedances of the 24 hr Standard 1997 Annual Avg. (ug/m3) 1997 Exceedances of the 24 hr Standard 1998 Annual Avg. (ug/m3) 1998 Exceedances of the 24 hr Standard 1999 Annual Avg. (ug/m3) 1999 Exceedances of the 24 hr Standard 2000 Annual Avg. (ug/m3) 2000 Exceedances of the 24 hr Standard * Indicates exceedance of standard Indicates Gilbert Chandler Higley * 50 1 44 0 48 1 43 0 45 0 49 0 * 52 2 * 62 0 * 61 1 45 0 * 60.9 0 * 57 1 Not Operating Not Operating Not Operating Not Operating Not Operating # 72 1 # <75% data available The Chandler Site clearly meets or exceeds the Gilbert Site for the Annual Average and number of exceedances of the 24-hr. standard. The Higley Site also meets or exceeds the Gilbert Site, since the site started operating in mid 2000. Since there are two other monitors with the same monitoring objectives and scales, the Gilbert Site becomes redundant. Additionally, shutting down this site would allow MCESD to use its resources in setting up and maintaining a future particulate site in the South Phoenix area. POLLUTION TRENDS The following charts are three-year trends for the criteria pollutants: 53 Carbon Monoxide Maricopa County 2000 Carbon Monoxide Max 8-Hour Avg. (Chart –1) 1999 - 2001 Carbon Monoxide 8-hr Max. 10 8 1999 6 2000 2001 4 Standard < 9.0 2 0 CP GI GL GR MA ME NP SP SS SU TE WC WI WP (Chart -1) Ozone Maricopa County 2000 Ozone Max 1-Hour Avg. (Chart –2) 1999-2001 Ozone 1-hr Maximum 0.140 0.120 PPM 0.100 1999 0.080 2000 2001 0.060 Standard <0.125 0.040 0.020 0.000 BP CC CP EM FF FH GL HM LP MA ME NP PP RV SP SS SU TE WC WP (Chart –2) 54 Particulates Maricopa County 2000 PM-10 Max 24-Hour Avg. (Chart –3) 1999 - 2001 PM-10 24-hr Max. 350 300 ug/m3 250 1999 200 2000 150 2001 Standard <150 100 50 0 CP CH DC GI GL GR HI MA ME NP SA SP SS SU WC WP (Chart –3) Maricopa County 2000 PM-10 Annual Avg. (Chart –4) 1999 - 2001 PM-10 Annual Avg. 120 ug/m3 100 1999 80 2000 60 2001 40 Standard < 50 20 0 CP CH DC GI GL GR HI MA ME NP SA SP SS SU WC WP (Chart –4) 55 Sulfur Dioxide Maricopa County 2000 Sulfur Dioxide Annual Average (Chart –5) 1999 - 2001 Sulfur Dioxide Annual Avg. 0.035 0.03 PPM 0.025 1999 0.02 2000 2001 0.015 Standard < 0.03 0.01 0.005 0 CP SS (Chart –5) Nitrogen Dioxide Maricopa County 2000 Nitrogen Dioxide Annual Average Readings (Chart –6) 1999 - 2001 Nitrogen Dioxide Annual Avg. 0.06 0.05 1999 PPM 0.04 2000 0.03 2001 0.02 Standard 0.053 0.01 0 CP GR SS TE (Chart –6) 56 WP REFERENCES 1. Phase 1 Recommendations for Maricopa County Air Quality Monitoring Network, Final Report, AV-R93/6008, Aero-Vironment, Inc., Monrovia, CA, March 1993 2. Phase II Recommendations for Maricopa County Air Quality Monitoring Network, AV-R-93/6025, AeroVironment, Inc., Monrovia, CA, March 1993 3. Air Quality Modeling of Carbon Monoxide Concentrations in Support of the Federal Implementation Plan for Phoenix, AZ, SYSAPP-93/039, Systems Application International, San Rafael, CA, April 30, 1993. 4. Code of Federal Regulations, Chapter 40, Part 58, Appendix D, 1997. 5. Maricopa Association of Governments, Transportation Planning Office, Average Weekday Traffic Analysis for 1995 (Map dated August 1999). 6. Maricopa Association of Governments, Total Resident Population Density, 1994, by Traffic Analysis Zone (Map dated 1998). 7. Maricopa County 1999 and 2000 Network Reviews. 8. http://www.epa.gov/rgytgrnj/programs/artd/air/quality/quality.htm 9. http://www.maricopa.gov/sbeap/airday.htm 10. http://www.maricopa.gov/sbeap/AIR_MONI.HTM 11. http://www.epa.gov/empact 12. http://www.epa.gov/oar/aqtrnd00/sixpoll.html 13. SLAMS / NAMS / PAMS Network Review Guidance--EPA-454/R-98-003 14. Guideline on data handling conventions of the PM NAAQS 57 Appendix 58 Preliminary ADEQ Air Monitoring Data Y2001 data for Maricopa County Ozone 1 - Hour Average Supersite Site Date Palo Verde Site Date Mt. Ord Site Date Max (PPM) .101 8/6 .085 8/7 .102 8/17 2nd .095 8/15 .085 5/8 .089 8/20 3rd .094 8/16 .083 8/16 .089 7/26 4th .093 8/11 .081 8/11 .089 6/21 # of Exceedances 0 0 0 # of Sample Hours 8489 4385 3286 Ozone 8 - Hour Average Max (PPM) nd 2 3rd 4th # of Exceedances # of Sample Days Supersite Site .087 Date .081 .081 .080 1 353 8/10 8/11 8/16 8/6 Palo Verde Site .077 Date .077 .075 .074 0 182 8/7 5/5 5/8 8/16 Mt. Ord Site .082 Date .080 .078 .077 0 137 6/15 8/9 7/3 Nitrogen Dioxide 59 Supersite Site Date Palo Verde Site Date 1 - Hour Average: Max (PPM) 2nd .063 .062 4/17 1/4 .043 .041 10/26 10/16 24 - Hour Average: Max 2nd .049 .043 12/19 12/20 .018 .017 10/30 10/19 # of Samples Hours 4567 4431 Annual Average .024 .005 8/17 Carbon Monoxide 1 - Hour Average Supersite Site Date Grand Avenue Site Date Max (PPM) 7.0 12/19 10.3 12/19 2nd 6.5 12/20 9.6 10/25 3rd 6.4 1/4 9.0 1/5 4th 6.1 1/5 7.8 10/19 # of Exceedances 0 0 # of Sample Hours 8488 4989 Carbon Monoxide 8 - Hour Average 60 Supersite Site Date Grand Avenue Site Date Max (PPM) 5.7 12/20 6.6 12/20 2nd 5.2 1/6 6.1 1/6 3rd 4.8 10/27 5.9 12/19 4th 4.7 11/18 5.3 1/5 # of Exceedances 0 0 # of Sample Days 353 208