2011 Periodic Emissions Inventory
for PM10
for the
Maricopa County, Arizona, PM10 Nonattainment Area

January 2014

2011 Periodic Emission Inventory for PM10
for the Maricopa County, Arizona PM10 Nonattainment Area
January 2014
Table of Contents
1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................................1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5

1.6

Overview.......................................................................................................................................1
Agencies responsible for the emissions inventory ........................................................................1
Temporal scope .............................................................................................................................2
Geographic scope..........................................................................................................................2
Overview of local demographic and land use data .......................................................................3
1.5.1 Demographic profile ..........................................................................................................3
1.5.2 Land use data .....................................................................................................................3
Emissions overview by source category .......................................................................................4
1.6.1 Point sources ......................................................................................................................4
1.6.2 Area sources .......................................................................................................................4
1.6.3 Nonroad mobile sources ....................................................................................................5
1.6.4 Onroad mobile sources ......................................................................................................5
1.6.5 Biogenic sources ................................................................................................................6
1.6.6 Summary of all source categories ......................................................................................7

2. Point Sources ................................................................................................................................11
2.1
2.2
2.3

2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7

2.8

Introduction and scope ................................................................................................................11
Identification of point sources ....................................................................................................11
Procedures for estimating emissions from point sources............................................................12
2.3.1 Calculation of PM2.5 emissions ........................................................................................12
2.3.2 Application of rule effectiveness .....................................................................................13
Detailed overview of point source emissions .............................................................................13
Emission reduction credits ..........................................................................................................14
Summary of point source emissions ...........................................................................................15
Quality assurance / quality control procedures ...........................................................................15
2.7.1 Emission survey preparation and data collection.............................................................15
2.7.2 Submission processing .....................................................................................................16
2.7.3 Analysis of annual point source emissions data for this inventory ..................................16
References ...................................................................................................................................17

3. Area Sources .................................................................................................................................19
3.1
3.2

Scope and methodology ..............................................................................................................19
Fuel combustion..........................................................................................................................21
3.2.1 Industrial distillate oil ......................................................................................................21
3.2.2 Industrial natural gas ........................................................................................................22
3.2.3 Commercial/institutional distillate oil..............................................................................23

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3.3

3.4

3.5

3.2.4 Commercial/institutional natural gas ...............................................................................23
3.2.5 Residential distillate oil....................................................................................................24
3.2.6 Residential natural gas .....................................................................................................25
3.2.7 Residential liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)......................................................................25
3.2.8 Residential kerosene ........................................................................................................26
3.2.9 Residential wood combustion ..........................................................................................26
Industrial processes .....................................................................................................................27
3.3.1 Chemical manufacturing ..................................................................................................27
3.3.2 Food and kindred products...............................................................................................28
3.3.2.1 Commercial cooking ..........................................................................................28
3.3.2.2 Grain handling/processing..................................................................................29
3.3.2.3 Ammonia cold storage .......................................................................................29
3.3.3 Secondary metal production ............................................................................................30
3.3.4 Mineral processes.............................................................................................................30
3.3.5 Mining and quarrying ......................................................................................................31
3.3.6 Wood product manufacturing ..........................................................................................31
3.3.7 Rubber/plastics product manufacturing ...........................................................................32
3.3.8 Fabricated metal products manufacturing ........................................................................33
3.3.9 Construction .....................................................................................................................33
3.3.10 Electrical equipment manufacturing ................................................................................37
3.3.11 Paved/unpaved road travel on industrial sites ..................................................................37
3.3.12 Industrial processes not elsewhere classified (NEC) .......................................................38
Waste treatment and disposal .....................................................................................................38
3.4.1 On-site incineration ..........................................................................................................38
3.4.2 Open burning: Land clearing debris.................................................................................39
3.4.3 Landfills ...........................................................................................................................40
3.4.4 Publicly owned treatment works ......................................................................................40
3.4.5 Other waste ......................................................................................................................41
Miscellaneous area sources .........................................................................................................41
3.5.1 Windblown dust ...............................................................................................................41
3.5.2 Agricultural activities.......................................................................................................46
3.5.2.1 Cotton ginning ....................................................................................................46
3.5.2.2 Tilling .................................................................................................................47
3.5.2.3 Harvesting ..........................................................................................................50
3.5.2.4 Travel on unpaved agricultural roads .................................................................53
3.5.2.5 Agricultural field burning...................................................................................56
3.5.2.6 Fertilizer application ..........................................................................................57
3.5.2.7 Livestock ............................................................................................................57
3.5.3 Humans ............................................................................................................................58
3.5.4 Structure fires ...................................................................................................................58
3.5.5 Aircraft engine testing......................................................................................................59
3.5.6 Vehicle fires .....................................................................................................................59
3.5.7 Crematories ......................................................................................................................60
3.5.8 Accidental releases...........................................................................................................61
3.5.9 Wildfires ..........................................................................................................................61
3.5.10 Prescribed fires.................................................................................................................63
3.5.11 Unpaved parking lots fugitive dust ..................................................................................64
3.5.12 Leaf blower fugitive dust .................................................................................................66
3.5.13 Offroad recreation vehicles fugitive dust .........................................................................67

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3.6
3.7
3.8

Summary of all area sources .......................................................................................................69
Quality assurance/quality control procedures .............................................................................71
References ...................................................................................................................................73

4. Nonroad Mobile Sources .............................................................................................................77
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
4.10
4.11
4.12
4.13
4.14
4.15

Introduction.................................................................................................................................77
Agricultural equipment ...............................................................................................................78
Airport ground support equipment .............................................................................................80
Commercial equipment ...............................................................................................................80
Construction and mining equipment ...........................................................................................81
Industrial equipment ...................................................................................................................81
Lawn and garden equipment .......................................................................................................82
Pleasure craft...............................................................................................................................82
Railway maintenance equipment ................................................................................................83
Recreational equipment ..............................................................................................................84
Aircraft ........................................................................................................................................84
Locomotives................................................................................................................................90
Summary of all nonroad mobile source emissions .....................................................................91
Quality assurance procedures .....................................................................................................91
References ...................................................................................................................................92

5. Onroad Mobile Sources ...............................................................................................................93
5.1
5.2

5.3

5.4
5.5

5.6

Introduction.................................................................................................................................93
Exhaust, tire wear, and brake wear emissions calculation ..........................................................94
5.2.1 MOVES2010b model.......................................................................................................94
5.2.2 MOVES2010b local input data ........................................................................................94
5.2.2.1 Fuel data .............................................................................................................95
5.2.2.2 I/M programs ......................................................................................................95
5.2.2.3 Meteorological data ............................................................................................95
5.2.2.4 Vehicle population .............................................................................................95
5.2.2.5 Source type age distribution ...............................................................................96
5.2.2.6 Annual VMT ......................................................................................................96
5.2.2.7 Road type distribution ........................................................................................97
5.2.2.8 VMT fraction......................................................................................................97
5.2.2.9 Average speed distribution .................................................................................97
5.2.2.10 Ramp fraction .....................................................................................................97
5.2.3 MOVES2010b outputs .....................................................................................................97
5.2.4 MOVES2010b emission estimates ..................................................................................98
Fugitive dust emissions.............................................................................................................106
5.3.1 Paved road fugitive dust emissions ................................................................................106
5.3.2 Unpaved road fugitive dust emissions ...........................................................................108
Summary of particulate emissions from onroad mobile sources ..............................................110
Quality assurance process .........................................................................................................111
5.5.1 VMT estimates ...............................................................................................................111
5.5.2 Emission estimates .........................................................................................................111
5.5.3 Draft particulate matter emissions inventory .................................................................111
References .................................................................................................................................112

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6. Biogenic Sources...........................................................................................................................113
6.1
6.2
6.3

6.4
6.5
6.6

Introduction...............................................................................................................................113
Modeling domain ......................................................................................................................113
Input data ..................................................................................................................................114
6.3.1 Land cover data ..............................................................................................................114
6.3.2 Weather data ..................................................................................................................115
Emission estimation ..................................................................................................................116
Summary of biogenic source emissions....................................................................................118
References .................................................................................................................................118

List of Tables
Table 1.2–1.
Table 1.5–1.
Table 1.5–2.
Table 1.6–1.
Table 1.6–2.
Table 1.6–3.
Table 1.6–4.
Table 1.6–5.
Table 1.6–6.
Table 1.6–7.
Table 1.6–8.
Table 1.6–9.
Table 1.6–10.
Table 2.2–1.
Table 2.4–1.
Table 2.5–1.
Table 2.6–1.
Table 3.1–1.
Table 3.2–1.
Table 3.2–2.
Table 3.2–3.
Table 3.2–4.
Table 3.2–5.

Chapter authors and QA/QC contacts for this report. ....................................................1
Demographic profile of Maricopa County and the PM10 nonattainment area. ..............3
Land use categories used to apportion emissions. .........................................................4
Annual and typical daily emissions from point sources in Maricopa County
and the PM10 NAA. ........................................................................................................4
Annual and typical daily emissions from area sources in Maricopa County. ................4
Annual and typical daily emissions from area sources in the PM10 NAA. ....................5
Annual and typical daily emissions from nonroad mobile sources in Maricopa
County. ...........................................................................................................................5
Annual and typical daily emissions from nonroad mobile sources in the PM10
NAA. ..............................................................................................................................5
Annual and typical daily emissions from onroad mobile sources in Maricopa
County. ...........................................................................................................................6
Annual and typical daily emissions from onroad mobile sources in the PM10
NAA. ..............................................................................................................................6
Annual and typical daily emissions from biogenic sources in Maricopa County
and the PM10 NAA. ........................................................................................................6
Annual and typical daily emissions from all sources in Maricopa County. ..................7
Annual and typical daily emissions from all sources in the PM10
nonattainment area. ........................................................................................................9
Name and location of all point sources in Maricopa County.......................................12
Annual and typical daily point source emissions, by facility. .....................................14
Emission reduction credits as of December 31, 2011. .................................................14
Annual and typical daily point source emissions (including emission reduction
credits)..........................................................................................................................15
List of area-source categories included in this PM10 inventory. ..................................19
Maricopa County natural gas sales by end-user category and supplier. ......................21
Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source industrial distillate oil
combustion for boilers. ................................................................................................21
Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source industrial distillate oil
combustion for engines. ...............................................................................................22
Natural gas usage, emission factors, and annual emissions from area-source
industrial natural gas combustion, by combustion type. ..............................................22
Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source industrial natural gas
combustion. ..................................................................................................................22

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Table 3.2–6. Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source commercial/institutional
distillate oil combustion for boilers. ............................................................................23
Table 3.2–7. Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source commercial/institutional
distillate oil combustion for engines. ...........................................................................23
Table 3.2–8. Emission factors and annual emissions from area-source
commercial/institutional natural gas combustion, by combustion type. ......................24
Table 3.2–9. Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source commercial/institutional
natural gas combustion. ...............................................................................................24
Table 3.2–10. Annual and typical daily emissions from residential distillate oil combustion. ..........24
Table 3.2–11. Residential natural gas combustion emission factors. .................................................25
Table 3.2–12. Annual and typical daily emissions from residential natural gas combustion. ............25
Table 3.2–13. Annual and typical daily emissions from residential liquefied petroleum gas
combustion. ..................................................................................................................25
Table 3.2–14. Annual and typical daily emissions from kerosene combustion. .................................26
Table 3.2–15. Annual emissions by appliance type for Maricopa County from EPA’s
residential wood combustion estimation tool. .............................................................26
Table 3.2–16. Annual and typical daily emissions from residential wood combustion. ....................27
Table 3.3–1. County-level employment estimates for chemical manufacturing, by NAICS
code. .............................................................................................................................27
Table 3.3–2. Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source chemical manufacturing. ........27
Table 3.3–3. Emission factors for commercial cooking equipment, by equipment type. .................28
Table 3.3–4. Annual and typical daily emissions from commercial cooking equipment in
Maricopa County. ........................................................................................................28
Table 3.3–5. Annual and typical daily emissions from commercial cooking equipment in
the PM10 NAA..............................................................................................................29
Table 3.3–6. County-level employment estimates for grain handling and processing
operations, by NAICS code. ........................................................................................29
Table 3.3–7. Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source grain handling and
processing. ...................................................................................................................29
Table 3.3–8. Annual and typical daily ammonia emissions from cold storage. ...............................30
Table 3.3–9. Annual and typical daily emissions from secondary metal production. ......................30
Table 3.3–10. Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source mineral processes....................31
Table 3.3–11. Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source mining and quarrying
operations. ....................................................................................................................31
Table 3.3–12. County-level employment estimates for wood product manufacturing, by
NAICS code. ................................................................................................................31
Table 3.3–13. Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source wood products
manufacturing. .............................................................................................................32
Table 3.3–14. County-level employment estimates for rubber and plastic product
manufacturing, by NAICS code. ..................................................................................32
Table 3.3–15. Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source rubber/plastic product
manufacturing. .............................................................................................................33
Table 3.3–16. Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source fabricated metal
products manufacturing. ..............................................................................................33
Table 3.3–17. Maricopa County dust control permits issued in 2011, by project type. .....................34
Table 3.3–18. Average project duration and emission factor, by project type. ..................................35
Table 3.3–19. Annual emissions from construction in Maricopa County, by project type. ...............36
Table 3.3–20. Annual emissions from construction within the Maricopa County portion of
the PM10 nonattainment area, by project type. .............................................................36
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Table 3.3–21. Annual emissions from construction in the Pinal Co. portion of the PM10
NAA, by project type. ..................................................................................................36
Table 3.3–22. Annual and typical daily emissions from construction in Maricopa County and
the PM10 NAA..............................................................................................................37
Table 3.3–23. Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source electric equipment
manufacturing. .............................................................................................................37
Table 3.3–24. Annual and typical daily emissions from paved and unpaved road travel at
industrial facilities. .......................................................................................................38
Table 3.3–25. Annual and typical daily emissions from industrial processes not elsewhere
classified. .....................................................................................................................38
Table 3.4–1. Annual and typical daily emissions from on-site incineration.....................................38
Table 3.4–2. Maricopa County burn permit activity in 2011............................................................39
Table 3.4–3. Emission and fuel loading factors for land clearance and fire hazard open
burning. ........................................................................................................................39
Table 3.4–4. Annual and typical daily emissions from land clearance and fire hazard open
burning in Maricopa County. .......................................................................................40
Table 3.4–5. Annual and typical daily emissions from land clearance and fire hazard open
burning in the PM10 NAA. ...........................................................................................40
Table 3.4–6. Annual and typical daily emissions from landfills. .....................................................40
Table 3.4–7. Annual and typical daily NH3 emissions from publicly-owned treatment
works. ...........................................................................................................................41
Table 3.4–8. Annual and typical daily emissions from other industrial waste disposal. ..................41
Table 3.5–1. Maricopa County and PM10 NAA acreage totals within each land use category
capable of producing windblown dust. ........................................................................42
Table 3.5–2. Vertical flux PM10 emission factors for the stable and disturbed portions of
each land use category, by wind speed bin. .................................................................43
Table 3.5–3. Calendar year 2011 counts of hourly average wind speeds and
actual/interpolated five-minute average wind speeds, by meteorological
station and wind speed bin. ..........................................................................................44
Table 3.5–4. Pre-standardized PM10 emissions from windblown dust in Maricopa County
and the PM10 NAA in 2011..........................................................................................45
Table 3.5–5. Percentages of 2011 PM10 concentrations associated with five-minute average
wind speeds greater than or equal to12 mph at 11 Maricopa County monitors. .........45
Table 3.5–6. Standardized, 2011 annual and typical daily PM10 and PM2.5 emissions from
windblown dust in Maricopa County, by land use category. .......................................46
Table 3.5–7. Standardized, 2011 annual and typical daily PM10 and PM2.5 emissions from
windblown dust in the PM10 NAA, by land use category. ...........................................46
Table 3.5–8. Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source cotton ginning. ........................47
Table 3.5–9. 2008 crop acreage, activity, and annual uncontrolled PM10 emissions in
Maricopa County. ........................................................................................................48
Table 3.5–10. Annual emissions from agricultural tilling in Maricopa County and Area A..............49
Table 3.5–11. Annual emissions from agricultural tillage in the PM10 NAA. ....................................49
Table 3.5–12. Typical daily emissions from tilling in Maricopa County, Area A. and the
PM10 NAA. ..................................................................................................................50
Table 3.5–13. Maricopa County harvested acres, PM10 emission factors, and uncontrolled
PM10 emissions ............................................................................................................51
Table 3.5–14. Annual emissions from harvesting in Maricopa County and Area A. .........................52
Table 3.5–15. Annual emissions from harvesting in the PM10 NAA .................................................53

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Table 3.5–16. Typical daily emissions from harvesting in Maricopa County, Area A. and the
PM10 NAA. ..................................................................................................................53
Table 3.5–17. Annual and typical daily emissions from travel on unpaved agricultural roads. .........55
Table 3.5–18. Emission and fuel loading factors for open burning of “weeds, unspecified”.............56
Table 3.5–19. Annual and typical daily emissions from agricultural field (ditch bank and
fence row) burning. ......................................................................................................56
Table 3.5–20. Annual and typical daily emissions from fertilizer application. ..................................57
Table 3.5–21. 2008 and 2011 annual NH3 emissions from livestock in Maricopa County. ...............57
Table 3.5–22. 2008 and 2011 annual PM emissions from livestock in Maricopa County. ................58
Table 3.5–23. Annual and typical daily emissions from livestock. ....................................................58
Table 3.5–24. Annual and typical daily emissions from human activity. ...........................................58
Table 3.5–25. Maricopa County Population Growth 2008 to 2011. ...................................................58
Table 3.5–26. 2008 and 2011 annual emissions from structure fires in Maricopa County ................59
Table 3.5–27. Annual and typical daily emissions from structure fires. ............................................59
Table 3.5–28. Annual and typical daily emissions from engine testing. ............................................59
Table 3.5–29. Maricopa County population growth 2008 to 2011. ....................................................59
Table 3.5–30. 2008 and 2011 annual emissions from vehicle fires in Maricopa County. ..................60
Table 3.5–31. Annual and typical daily emissions from vehicle fires. ...............................................60
Table 3.5–32. County-level employment estimate for crematories, by NAICS code. .......................60
Table 3.5–33. Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source crematories. ............................61
Table 3.5–34. Annual and typical daily emissions from accidental releases. .....................................61
Table 3.5–35. Wildfire activity in Maricopa County in 2011, by data source....................................62
Table 3.5–36. Wildfires by NFDRS fuel model category and fuel loading factor. ............................62
Table 3.5–37. Number of wildfires and acres/material burned in Maricopa County and the
PM10 NAA. ..................................................................................................................62
Table 3.5–38. Emission factors for wildfires & prescribed burning (lbs/ton). ...................................62
Table 3.5–39. Annual emissions from wildfires in Maricopa County and the PM10 NAA. ...............63
Table 3.5–40. Typical daily emissions from wildfires in Maricopa County and the PM10
NAA. ............................................................................................................................63
Table 3.5–41. Prescribed fire activity in Maricopa County in 2011. ..................................................63
Table 3.5–42. Emission factors for prescribed fires. ..........................................................................64
Table 3.5–43. Annual and typical daily emission from prescribed fire in Maricopa County
and the PM10 NAA. ......................................................................................................64
Table 3.5–44 Annual and typical daily emissions from vehicles traveling on unpaved
parking lots...................................................................................................................66
Table 3.5–45. Leaf blower equipment populations, activity levels and emission factors for
Maricopa County. ........................................................................................................66
Table 3.5–46. Annual and typical daily emissions from leaf blower fugitive dust. ...........................67
Table 3.5–47. 2011 offroad recreational vehicle travel on unpaved surfaces in Maricopa
County. .........................................................................................................................67
Table 3.5–48. Annual and typical daily emissions from offroad recreational vehicles. .....................68
Table 3.6–1. Annual and typical daily emissions from all area sources in Maricopa County. .........69
Table 3.6–2. Annual and typical daily emissions from all area sources in the PM10 NAA. .............70
Table 4.1–1. NONROAD model county temperature and fuel-related inputs..................................77
Table 4.1–2. Default weekday and weekend day activity allocation fractions. ................................78
Table 4.2–1. Annual emissions from agricultural equipment in Maricopa County. .........................79
Table 4.2–2. Annual emissions from agricultural equipment in the PM10 NAA. .............................79
Table 4.2–3. Typical daily emissions from agricultural equipment in Maricopa County. ...............79
Table 4.2–4. Typical daily emissions from agricultural equipment in the PM10 NAA. ...................79
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Table 4.3–1. Annual emissions (tons/yr) from airport ground support equipment (GSE) and
auxiliary power units (APUs). .....................................................................................80
Table 4.3–2. Typical daily emissions (lbs/day) from airport GSE and APUs. .................................80
Table 4.4–1. Annual emissions from commercial equipment. .........................................................80
Table 4.4–2. Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)from commercial equipment. ..................................81
Table 4.5–1. Annual emissions from construction and mining equipment. .....................................81
Table 4.5–2. Typical daily emissions from construction and mining equipment. ............................81
Table 4.6–1. Annual emissions from industrial equipment. .............................................................81
Table 4.6–2. Typical daily emissions from industrial equipment. ....................................................82
Table 4.7–1. Annual emissions from lawn and garden equipment. ..................................................82
Table 4.7–2. Typical daily emissions from lawn and garden equipment. ........................................82
Table 4.8–1. Annual emissions from pleasure craft equipment. .......................................................83
Table 4.8–2. Typical daily emissions from pleasure craft equipment. .............................................83
Table 4.9–1. Annual emissions from railway maintenance equipment. ...........................................83
Table 4.9–2. Typical daily emissions from railway maintenance equipment. ..................................83
Table 4.10–1. Annual emissions from recreational equipment. .........................................................84
Table 4.10–2. Typical daily emissions from recreational equipment. ................................................84
Table 4.11–1. Annual airport operations (by aircraft category) and related data sources. .................86
Table 4.11–2. Growing aircraft-specific activity for EDMS modeling input. ....................................88
Table 4.11–3. Default PM10 emission factors for aircraft. ..................................................................88
Table 4.11–4. Annual and typical daily emissions, by aircraft type, from airports in the PM10
NAA. ............................................................................................................................89
Table 4.11–5. Annual and typical daily emissions, by aircraft type, from airports outside the
PM10 NAA. ..................................................................................................................89
Table 4.12–1. Emission factors for locomotives.................................................................................90
Table 4.12–2. Total diesel use and annual emissions from locomotives in Maricopa County. ..........90
Table 4.12–3. Annual emissions from locomotives in the PM10 NAA...............................................90
Table 4.12–4. Typical daily emissions from locomotives in Maricopa County. ................................90
Table 4.12–5. Typical daily emissions from locomotives in the PM10 NAA .....................................91
Table 4.13–1. Annual and typical daily emissions from nonroad mobile sources in Maricopa
County. .........................................................................................................................91
Table 4.13–2. Annual and typical daily emissions from nonroad mobile sources in the PM10
NAA. ............................................................................................................................91
Table 5.2–1. 2011 daily VMT by facility type (annual average daily traffic). .................................96
Table 5.2–2. Annual and typical daily onroad mobile source emissions by facility type and
vehicle class in the PM10 NAA. ...................................................................................99
Table 5.2–3. Annual and typical daily onroad mobile source emissions by facility type and
vehicle class in Maricopa County. .............................................................................103
Table 5.3–1. 2011 fugitive dust emission factors for paved roads. ................................................107
Table 5.3–2. 2011 VMT by silt loading category for paved roads. ................................................107
Table 5.3–3. 2011 uncontrolled fugitive dust emissions from paved roads. ..................................107
Table 5.3–4. 2011 controlled fugitive dust emissions from paved roads. ......................................108
Table 5.3–5. 2011 VMT on unpaved roads in the PM10 NAA and Maricopa County ...................109
Table 5.3–6. 2011 VMT on all roads in the PM10 NAA and Maricopa County .............................109
Table 5.3–7. Daily uncontrolled unpaved road and alley fugitive dust emissions. ........................110
Table 5.3–8. Annual and typical daily controlled fugitive dust emissions from unpaved
roads and alleys. .........................................................................................................110
Table 5.4–1. Annual and typical daily emissions from all onroad mobile sources in the
PM10 NAA. ................................................................................................................110
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Table 5.4–2. Annual and typical daily emissions from all onroad mobile sources in
Maricopa County. ......................................................................................................110
Table 6.2–1. Two modeling domains defined in the LCP coordinate system ................................113
Table 6.4–1. Typical daily biogenic of NOx emissions for each month in the PM10 NAA
and Maricopa County. ................................................................................................116
Table 6.4–2. Monthly biogenic NOx emissions in the PM10 NAA and Maricopa County .............117
Table 6.5–1. Typical daily and annual NOx emissions in 2011. .....................................................118

List of Figures
Figure 1.4–1. Map of Maricopa County and the PM10 nonattainment area. ........................................2
Figure 2.7–1. Data flow for annual point source emission inventory reporting. ...............................15
Figure 3.5–1. Location of land use categories within Maricopa County capable of producing
windblown dust. ...........................................................................................................42
Figure 6.2–1. The masked grid cells in the 4-km modeling domain. ...............................................114
Figure 6.3–1. Monthly averaged temperature (left panel) and annual mean diurnal cycle of
temperature (right panel) in 2011. .............................................................................115
Figure 6.3–2. Monthly averaged radiation (left panel) and annual mean diurnal cycle of
radiation (right panel) in 2011. ..................................................................................115
Figure 6.4–1. Estimated emission rates of NOx at 17:00 MST, August 2011 by MEGAN
model..........................................................................................................................116
Figure 6.4–2. Monthly emissions of NOx in Maricopa County (pink solid line, abbreviated
as “County”) and the PM10 NAA (blue solid line, abbreviated as “PM10
NAA”). .......................................................................................................................117

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Appendices
Appendix A Instructions for Reporting 2011 Annual Air Pollution Emissions
Appendix B Rule Effectiveness (RE) Studies
B.1 Introduction
B.2 Calculating Rule Effectiveness Rates for Rules 310, 310.01, and 316
B.2.1 Calculating Rule Effectiveness for Sources Subject to Rule 310
B.2.2 Calculating Rule Effectiveness for Sources Subject to Rule 310.01
B.2.3 Calculating Rule Effectiveness for Sources Subject to Rule 316
B.3 Calculating Rule Effectiveness Rates for Title V Facilities and
Non-Title V Facilities
B.4 References
Appendix C MOVES2010b Local Input Data and RunSpecs
MOVES2010b RunSpec Summary (Maricopa County, July 2011)
MOVES2010b RunSpec (Maricopa County, July 2011)
MOVES2010b Local Input Data (Maricopa County, July 2011)

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

x

January 2014

1.

Introduction

1.1

Overview

This 2011 periodic PM10 emissions inventory was developed to meet requirements set forth in
Title I of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (CAAA). The CAAA require development of
a baseline emission inventory and periodic revisions for areas that fail to meet the National
Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). A portion of Maricopa County is classified as serious
nonattainment for PM10.
PM10 is defined as particulate matter less than or equal to ten micrometers in diameter. This
inventory includes primary emissions of PM10 and PM2.5 as well as three particulate matter
precursors: nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur oxides (SOx) and ammonia (NH3). The inventory
provides emission estimates from point, area, nonroad mobile, onroad mobile and biogenic
sources. Note that totals shown in tables may not equal the sum of individual values due to
independent rounding.

1.2

Agencies responsible for the emissions inventory

Maricopa County Air Quality Department (MCAQD) has primary responsibility for preparing
and submitting the 2011 Periodic PM10 Emissions Inventory for Maricopa County. MCAQD
prepared the emission estimates for point sources, the majority of area sources, and some
nonroad mobile sources. The Maricopa Association of Governments (MAG) prepared the
emission estimates for onroad mobile, the majority of nonroad mobile, biogenic, and some area
sources. Table 1.2–1 lists those responsible for inventory preparation and quality assurance/
quality control activities, which are described in the respective chapters.
Table 1.2–1. Chapter authors and QA/QC contacts for this report.
Chapter
Author(s)
QA/QC contacts
2. Point sources
Bob Downing, MCAQD (602) 506-6790
Eric Raisanen, MCAQD (602) 506-6790

3. Area sources

4. Nonroad mobile
sources
5. Onroad mobile
sources
6. Biogenic sources

Eric Raisanen, Tom Ekren and Dena
Konopka, MCAQD (602) 506-6790
Matt Poppen, MAG (602) 254-6300
Matt Poppen, MAG (602) 254-6300
Dena Konopka, MCAQD (602) 506-6790
Ieesuck Jung, MAG (602) 254-6300
Feng Liu, MAG (602) 254-6300

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

1

Matt Poppen, MAG (602) 254-6300
Bob Downing, MCAQD (602) 506-6790
Matt Poppen, MAG (602) 254-6300
Cathy Arthur, MAG (602) 254-6300
Bob Downing, MCAQD (602) 506-6790
Cathy Arthur, MAG (602) 254-6300
Matt Poppen, MAG (602) 254-6300
Cathy Arthur, MAG (602) 254-6300
Matt Poppen, MAG (602) 254-6300
Cathy Arthur, MAG (602) 254-6300

January 2014

1.3

Temporal scope

Annual and typical daily emissions were estimated for the year 2011, for Maricopa County and
the Maricopa County PM10 nonattainment area (NAA).

1.4

Geographic scope

This inventory includes emission estimates for Maricopa County and for the Maricopa County
PM10 nonattainment area. Maricopa County encompasses approximately 9,223 square miles of
land area, while the Maricopa County PM10 nonattainment area is approximately 2,880 square
miles or approximately 31 percent of the Maricopa County land area. A map of Maricopa
County and the PM10 nonattainment area is provided in Figure 1.4–1.
Figure 1.4–1. Map of Maricopa County and the PM10 nonattainment area.

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

2

January 2014

1.5

Overview of local demographic and land use data

Many of the emissions estimates generated in this report were calculated using demographic and
land use data provided by the Maricopa Association of Governments (MAG). These data were
used to apportion and/or scale Maricopa County emissions estimates to the nonattainment area
and vice versa. (For example, county-level emissions from residential natural gas usage in Maricopa County were apportioned to the nonattainment area using the ratio of total population in
each area). Detailed explanations of how emission estimates were apportioned or scaled are
presented in each of the following chapters, along with the data sources used.
1.5.1

Demographic profile

The demographic data provided by MAG included population, employment data, and single
family/multi-family splits for calendar year 2011, for both Maricopa County and the PM10 nonattainment area. Table 1.5–1 provides an overview of the demographic data used in this report.
As noted throughout the text, these data are frequently used to derive estimates of activity or
emissions within the PM10 NAA from county-level calculations. It is important to note, however, that the nonattainment area includes a portion of Pinal County, AZ (Apache Junction) as
shown in Figure 1.4–1. Thus in some cases (e.g., those source categories calculated based on
total population), the multiplier used to derive nonattainment area estimates from County-level
values may be greater than 1, and thus the resulting NAA emission totals are larger than the
County-level estimates from which they are derived.
Table 1.5–1.

Demographic profile of Maricopa County and the PM10 nonattainment area.
Maricopa
Percent within
Demographic variable
County
PM10 NAA
PM10 NAA
Total resident population
3,843,370
3,853,744
100.27%
Total non-resident population
286,276
302,361
100.56%
Total population:
4,129,646
4,156,105
100.64%
Retail employment
Office employment
Industrial employment
Public employment
Other employment
Construction
Work at Home
Total employment:

414,477
320,536
374,338
240,952
261,769
24,026
100,016
1,736,114

Single Family/Multi-Family Household Split:
Single-Family
77%
Multi-Family
23%
Source: Maricopa Association of Governments

1.5.2

415,277
320,351
374,191
236,952
261,212
23,103
100,324
1,731,410

100.19%
99.94%
99.96%
98.34%
99.79%
96.16%
100.31%
99.73%

78%
22%

Land use data

MAG provided 2010 land use data. The 2010 land use data was assumed to be representative of
2011. Table 1.5–2 presents a summary of the land use categories and acreages used to develop
emissions estimates for this inventory.

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

3

January 2014

Table 1.5–2.

Land use categories used to apportion emissions.
Acreage within
Maricopa
Land Use Category
County
General/active open space/golf course (e.g., parks)
210,159
Passive/restricted open space, washes
2,614,870
Lakes
12,525
Agriculture
276,016
Vacant (e.g., developable land)
2,045,587

1.6

Emissions overview by source category

1.6.1

Point sources

Acreage
within PM10
NAA
202,269
428,984
9,510
118,568
402,332

Percentage
within PM10
NAA
96.25%
16.41%
75.93%
42.96%
19.67%

The point source category includes those stationary sources that emit a significant amount of
pollution into the air such as power plants, industrial processes and large manufacturing
facilities. MCAQD utilizes the US EPA’s Annual Emissions Reporting Requirements (AERR)
rule to define which stationary sources are listed as point sources. A detailed definition of a
point source can be found in Section 2.1 of Chapter 2.
Table 1.6–1 summarizes annual and typical daily emissions from point sources in Maricopa
County and the PM10 nonattainment area, respectively. A detailed breakdown of emissions
calculations for all point sources is contained in Chapter 2.
Table 1.6–1.
NAA.

Annual and typical daily emissions from point sources in Maricopa County and the PM10

Geographic area
Maricopa County
PM10 NAA

1.6.2

PM10
404.28
156.10

Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
337.46 1,754.12 79.55 116.69 2,347.1 1,928.4 9,798.8
554.4 641.2
108.39 1,154.67 45.81 42.93
982.1
668.4 6,485.7
366.6 235.9

Area sources

Area sources are facilities or activities whose individual emissions do not qualify them as point
sources. Area sources represent numerous facilities or activities that individually release small
amounts of a given pollutant, but collectively they can release significant amounts of a pollutant.
Emissions from stationary sources that were not identified as point sources in this report have
been included in the area source inventory. Examples of area source categories include residential wood burning, commercial cooking, waste incineration and wildfires.
Tables 1.6–2 and 1.6–3 summarize annual and typical daily emissions of the chief area source
categories, for Maricopa County and the PM10 nonattainment area, respectively. A detailed
breakdown of emissions calculations for each area source category is contained in Chapter 3.
Table 1.6–2.

Annual and typical daily emissions from area sources in Maricopa County.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Source category
PM10
PM2.5 NOx SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
Fuel combustion
Industrial processes
Waste treatment/disposal
Misc. area sources
All area sources:

764.78 750.24 4,675.41 21.97
49.63
6,946.5 6,845.3
7,240.06 2,208.53 263.41 48.80 1,931.23 46,228.9 13,634.0
104.48
56.69
56.21 71.75
14.92
603.3
322.4
33,856.18 4,616.25 166.54 37.62 12,081.84 225,888.0 46,589.1
41,965.49 7,631.71 5,161.56 180.14 14,077.61 279,666.7 67,390.7

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

4

29,679.3
171.0
443.9
1,472.3
312.8 12,362.8
312.6
395.2
81.7
5,757.2 1,516.5 67,192.5
37,221.4 2,395.6 80,081.0

January 2014

Table 1.6–3.

Annual and typical daily emissions from area sources in the PM10 NAA.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Source category
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
Fuel combustion
Industrial processes
Waste treatment/disposal
Misc. area sources
All area sources:

1.6.3

767.66 753.12 4,673.91 22.02
49.78
6,978.3 6,877.0 29,670.8
5,879.58 2,027.66 261.35 48.79 1,927.25 37,508.8 12,485.8 1,458.4
83.32
43.34
48.80 59.82
15.01
484.0
246.4
271.4
13,096.36 1,945.88
66.25 11.94 7,149.26 80,434.5 12,834.9
681.4
19,826.92 4,770.00 5,050.31 142.57 9,141.31 125,405.6 32,444.2 32,082.0

171.6
445.8
312.8 12,340.3
329.7
82.3
143.3 39,228.2
957.4 52,096.5

Nonroad mobile sources

Nonroad mobile sources include off-highway vehicles and engines that move or are moved within a 12-month period. Tables 1.6–4 and 1.6–5 summarize annual and typical day emissions from
nonroad mobile sources, for Maricopa County and the PM10 nonattainment area, respectively. A
detailed breakdown of emissions calculations for each source category is contained in Chapter 4.
Table 1.6–4.

Annual and typical daily emissions from nonroad mobile sources in Maricopa County.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Source category
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
Agricultural equipment
Airport GSE (+APU)
Commercial equipment
Construction & mining
Industrial equipment
Lawn and garden
Pleasure craft
Railway maintenance
Recreational equipment
Aircraft
Locomotives
All nonroad
mobile sources:

29.45
22.07
114.81
1,179.08
97.08
209.49
7.06
1.03
43.65
211.21
40.56

28.56
21.62
109.77
1,141.28
94.54
193.80
6.52
1.00
40.20
198.88
39.34

330.49
0.19
406.04 19.16
1,361.42
1.89
12,937.30
9.31
1,839.35
3.47
866.64
2.10
96.56
0.11
8.55
0.00
66.10
0.28
2,588.82 308.79
1,406.08 151.98

0.62

1,955.49

1,875.51 21,907.35 497.28 106.10

20.84
24.44
32.72
21.81
2.40
0.02
2.19
1.06

188.8
120.9
736.0
7,558.2
622.3
1,424.6
95.0
7.1
373.1
1,157.2
222.3

183.1 2,118.5
1.2
118.5 2,224.9
105.0
703.7 8,727.0
12.1
7,315.9 82,931.4
59.7
606.0 11,790.7
22.2
1,317.2 6,062.0
15.1
87.8 1,299.9
1.5
6.9
59.2
0.0
343.6
565.0
2.4
1,089.5 14,185.6 1,692.0
215.6 7,704.5
832.7

12,505.5 11,987.8 137,668.7 2,743.9

4.0
133.6
156.6
209.8
160.5
32.4
0.1
18.7
5.8
721.5

Table 1.6–5.

Annual and typical daily emissions from nonroad mobile sources in the PM10 NAA.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Source category
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
Agricultural equipment
Airport GSE (+APU)
Commercial equipment
Construction & mining
Industrial equipment
Lawn and garden
Pleasure craft
Railway maintenance
Recreational equipment
Aircraft
Locomotives
All nonroad
mobile sources:

12.65
12.27
21.88
21.44
114.77
109.73
1,133.79 1,097.44
97.04
94.50
210.83
195.04
5.36
4.95
1.04
1.01
7.79
7.17
207.15
195.15
19.54
18.96

141.97
0.08
400.37 19.03
1,360.88
1.89
12,440.29
8.95
1,838.63
3.47
872.19
2.11
73.32
0.08
8.60
0.00
11.79
0.05
2,583.11 307.21
693.63 72.23

0.26

1,831.84 1,757.66

20,424.78 415.10 101.99

20.83
23.50
32.71
21.95
1.83
0.02
0.39
0.50

81.1
119.9
735.7
7,267.9
622.1
1,433.7
72.1
7.2
66.6
1,135.0
107.1

78.6
910.0
0.5
117.5 2,193.8
104.3
703.4 8,723.6
12.1
7,034.9 79,745.5
57.4
605.8 11,786.1
22.2
1,325.6 6,100.9
15.2
66.7
987.0
1.1
7.0
59.5
0.0
61.3
100.8
0.4
1,069.1 14,154.3 1,683.4
103.9 3,800.7
395.8

11,648.4 11,173.8 128,562.2 2,292.4

1.7
133.5
150.6
209.7
161.5
24.6
0.1
3.3
2.7
687.6

1.6.4 Onroad mobile sources
Emissions from onroad mobile sources were calculated for Maricopa County and the PM10 nonattainment area. A detailed breakout of emissions calculations for each area source category is
contained in Chapter 5.

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

5

January 2014

Tables 1.6–6 and 1.6–7 summarize annual and typical daily emissions from onroad mobile
sources in Maricopa County and the PM10 nonattainment area, respectively.
Table 1.6–6.

Annual and typical daily emissions from onroad mobile sources in Maricopa County.

Annual emissions (tons/year)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Emission Category
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
Exhaust, tire wear,
and brake wear
2,833.55 1,999.22 60,269.94 219.72 1,189.18 15,526.3 10,955.1 330,245.8 1,203.3 6,517.1
Paved road fugitive
dust
7,658.59 1,987.33
41,964.9 10,889.5
Unpaved road and
alley fugitive dust 9,270.31 925.36
50,796.2 5,070.5
Totals:
19,762.45 4,911.91 60,269.94 219.72 1,189.18 108,287.4 26,915.1 330,245.8 1,203.3 6,517.1

Table 1.6–7.

Annual and typical daily emissions from onroad mobile sources in the PM10 NAA.

Annual emissions (tons/year)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Emission Category
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
Exhaust, tire wear,
and brake wear
2,663.31 1,869.88 56,267.92 205.82 1,108.89 14,592.8 10,246.6 308,316.8 1,127.5
Paved road fugitive
dust
6,941.31 1,802.10
38,034.6
9,874.5
Unpaved road and
alley fugitive dust 8,468.55 845.34
46,403.0
4,632.0
Totals:
18,073.17 4,517.32 56,267.92 205.82 1,108.89 99,030.4 24,753.1 308,316.8 1,127.5

NH3
6,076.6

6,076.6

1.6.5 Biogenic sources
The biogenic source category includes emissions from all vegetation (e.g., crops, indigenous
vegetation, landscaping, etc.) in Maricopa County and the PM10 nonattainment area. Emissions
were estimated using the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature (MEGAN).
MEGAN is a state-of-the-art biogenic emissions model developed by the National Center for
Atmospheric Research (NCAR). Some corrections and improvements were made in the latest
version of MEGAN2.1. MEGAN2.1 was used to compute biogenic emissions in Maricopa
County and the PM10 nonattainment area. Annual and typical daily NOx emissions from
biogenic sources are shown in Table 1.6–8 for Maricopa County and the PM10 nonattainment
area.
Table 1.6–8.
NAA.

Annual and typical daily emissions from biogenic sources in Maricopa County and the PM10

Geographic area
Maricopa County
PM10 NAA

Annual NOx
emissions (tons/yr)
779.52
321.97

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

Typical daily NOx
emissions (lbs/day)
4,250.7
1,755.7

6

January 2014

1.6.6

Summary of all source categories

Tables 1.6–9 and 1.6–10 provide summary totals of annual and typical daily emissions from all
emission sources in Maricopa County and the PM10 nonattainment area, respectively.
Table 1.6–9.
Section

Annual and typical daily emissions from all sources in Maricopa County.
Annual emissions (tons/year)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
PM10 PM2.5
NOx SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3

POINT SOURCES:

404.28

337.46

1,754.12

79.55

116.69

2,347.1

1,928.4

9,798.8

554.4

641.2

AREA SOURCES:
Fuel combustion:
Industrial distillate oil: boilers
Industrial distillate oil: engines
Industrial natural gas
Comm./inst. distillate oil: boilers
Comm./inst. distillate oil: engines
Comm./inst. natural gas
Residential distillate oil
Residential natural gas
Residential LPG
Residential kerosene
Residential wood combustion
All Fuel Combustion

10.04
129.35
39.11
0.02
0.26
56.75
0.07
68.83
0.19
0.01
460.15
764.78

5.48
121.13
39.11
0.02
0.26
56.75
0.06
68.83
0.16
0.01
458.44
750.24

60.87
1,838.26
730.94
0.12
3.72
1,080.73
0.35
851.32
51.35
0.03
57.72
4,675.41

1.30
0.00
3.07
0.00
0.00
4.46
0.82
5.43
0.22
0.08
6.59
21.97

2.43
0.00
16.13
0.00
0.00
3.58
0.02
0.00
0.18
0.00
27.28
49.63

64.4
829.2
250.7
0.1
1.7
363.8
0.7
377.1
2.1
0.1
5,056.6
6,946.5

35.1
776.5
250.7
0.1
1.7
363.8
0.6
377.1
1.7
0.1
5,037.9
6,845.3

390.2
11,783.7
4,685.5
0.8
23.8
6,927.8
3.8
4,664.7
564.3
0.4
634.3
29,679.3

8.3
0.0
19.7
0.0
0.0
28.6
9.0
29.8
2.4
0.9
72.4
171.0

15.6
0.0
103.4
0.0
0.0
22.9
0.2
0.0
2.0
0.0
299.8
443.9

1,172.4
5,800.3
443.1

732.7
5,799.1
122.3

308.9
1,065.9
712.7
442.4
1,478.5
181.2
3,051.7
14,241.1
11,671.8
2,225.8
42.7
2,486.7
903.6
46,228.9

256.3
542.0
220.5
385.7
1,083.8
160.4
305.2
1,424.1
1,167.2
222.6
28.0
718.7
465.4
13,634.0

106.9

89.3

12,252.3
2.3

129.0

1.6

52.9

1,236.4
1,472.3

222.0
312.8

55.3
12,362.8

4.1
8.6
421.1

2.7
8.6
225.5

21.4
2.3
167.1

6.8
39.4

169.6
603.3

85.6
322.4

121.9
312.6

349.0
395.2

Industrial processes:
Chemical manufacturing
Commercial cooking
Grain handling/processing
Ammonia cold storage
Secondary metal production
Mineral processes
Mining/quarrying
Wood product manufacturing
Rubber/plastic product mfg.
Fabricated metals
Residential construction
Commercial construction
Road construction
Construction, other
Electrical equipment manufacturing
Industrial paved/unpaved road travel
Industrial processes, NEC
All Industrial Processes
Waste treatment/disposal:
On-site incineration
Open burning: Land clearing debris
Landfills
Publicly owned treatment works
Other waste
All Waste Treatment/Disposal

121.46
73.32
1,058.55 1,058.33
70.09
19.10
42.27
34.37
149.32
75.94
106.28
33.49
59.64
52.76
218.58 164.33
25.87
22.97
476.06
47.61
2,221.62 222.16
1,820.80 182.08
347.22
34.72
7.66
5.00
356.35 101.68
158.29
80.67
7,240.06 2,208.53

0.62
1.11
76.05

0.41
1.11
40.73

15.02

8.03

1,911.36
0.25

23.47

0.28

9.63

224.92
263.41

40.48
48.80

9.98
1,931.23

3.31
0.30
30.40

1.05
7.17
14.92

26.71
104.48

14.44
56.69

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

22.19
56.21

63.53
71.75

7

14.92

81.7
81.7

January 2014

Table 1.6–9 (continued).
Section

Annual and typical daily emissions from all sources in Maricopa County.
Annual emissions (tons/year)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
PM10
PM2.5
NOx SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3

Miscellaneous area sources:
Windblown dust
Cotton ginning
Tilling
Harvesting
Travel on unpaved ag. roads
Agricultural field burning
Fertilizer application
Livestock
Humans
Structure fires
Aircraft engine testing
Vehicle fires
Crematories
Accidental releases
Wildfires
Prescribed fires
Travel on unpaved parking lots
Leaf blowers fugitive dust
Offroad rec. vehicles fugitive dust
All Misc. Area Sources

435.21

47.87

14.51
2.39
28.98
3.08
0.00
425.81
0.49
4,214.89
941.12
14,532.91
33,856.18

14.51
2.38
28.98
2.82
0.00
365.19
0.49
423.02
355.19
1,443.50
4,616.25

All Area Sources

41,965.49

7,631.71

NONROAD MOBILE
SOURCES:
Agricultural equipment
Airport GSE (+APU)
Commercial equipment
Construction & mining equipment
Industrial equipment
Lawn and garden equipment
Pleasure craft
Railway maintenance equipment
Recreational equipment
Aircraft
Locomotives
All Nonroad Mobile Sources

7,690.52
45.02
3,328.28
161.95
1,987.45
43.56

1,153.58
12.86
499.24
24.29
198.75
43.56

42,140.0
263.8
32,099.9
3,927.0
12,740.1
446.8

6,321.1
75.4
4,815.0
589.0
1,274.0
446.8

1,775.51
9,150.95
1,135.65

2,384.7

262.3

0.00
19.70
0.03

79.5
13.2
158.8
23.9
0.0
23,655.9
69.9
23,095.3
5,156.8
79,632.4
225,888.0

79.5
13.2
158.8
21.8
0.0
20,288.5
69.9
2,317.9
1,946.2
7,909.6
46,589.1

5,161.56 180.14 14,077.61 279,666.7

67,390.7

11.62

1.88
46.36
1.16
11.19
0.00
93.95
0.38

9.98
1.77
0.00
25.76
0.10

166.54

37.62 12,081.84

29.45
22.07
114.81
1,179.08
97.08
209.49
7.06
1.03
43.65
211.21
40.56
1,955.49

28.56
330.49
0.19
21.62
406.04 19.16
109.77 1,361.42
1.89
1,141.28 12,937.30
9.31
94.54 1,839.35
3.47
193.80
866.64
2.10
6.52
96.56
0.11
1.00
8.55
0.00
40.20
66.10
0.28
198.88 2,588.82 308.79
39.34 1,406.08 151.98
1,875.51 21,907.35 497.28

ONROAD MOBILE SOURCES:
Exhaust / tire wear / brake wear
2,833.55
Paved road fugitive dust
7,658.59
Unpaved road fugitive dust
9,270.31
All Onroad Mobile Sources
19,762.45

1,999.22 60,269.94 219.72
1,987.33
925.36
4,911.91 60,269.94 219.72

BIOGENIC SOURCES
TOTAL, ALL SOURCE
CATEGORIES

779.52
64,087.72 14,756.60

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

0.62

119.1
9,728.8
50,142.2
6,222.8
10.3
259.3
56.6
6.4
88.5
13.9
0.0
0.0
5,219.5 1,431.1
54.1
14.8

5,757.2 1,516.5 67,192.5
37,221.4 2,395.6 80,081.0

188.8
120.9
736.0
7,558.2
622.3
1,424.6
95.0
7.1
373.1
1,157.2
222.3
12,505.5

183.1
2,118.5
1.2
118.5
2,224.9
105.0
703.7
8,727.0
12.1
7,315.9 82,931.4
59.7
606.0 11,790.7
22.2
1,317.2
6,062.0
15.1
87.8
1,299.9
1.5
6.9
59.2
0.0
343.6
565.0
2.4
1,089.5 14,185.6 1,692.0
215.6
7,704.5
832.7
11,987.8 137,668.7 2,743.9

15,526.3
41,964.9
50,796.2
1,189.18 108,287.4

10,955.1 330,245.8 1,203.3
10,889.5
5,070.5
26,915.1 330,245.8 1,203.3

20.84
24.44
32.72
21.81
2.40
0.02
2.19
1.06
106.10

1,189.18

0.0
1,094.4
4.4

4.0
133.6
156.6
209.8
160.5
32.4
0.1
18.7
5.8
721.5

6,517.1

6,517.1

4,250.7

89,872.48 976.69 15,489.58 402,806.6 108,222.0 519,185.5 6,897.3 87,960.8

8

January 2014

Table 1.6–10. Annual and typical daily emissions from all sources in the PM10 nonattainment area.
Annual emissions (tons/year)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Section
PM10 PM2.5
NOx SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
POINT SOURCES:

156.10

108.39

1,154.67

45.81

42.93

982.1

668.4

6,485.7

366.6

235.9

AREA SOURCES:
Fuel combustion:
Industrial distillate oil: boilers
Industrial distillate oil: engines
Industrial natural gas
Comm./inst. distillate oil: boilers
Comm./inst. distillate oil: engines
Comm./inst. natural gas
Residential distillate oil
Residential natural gas
Residential LPG
Residential kerosene
Residential wood combustion
All Fuel Combustion

10.04
129.30
39.09
0.02
0.26
56.57
0.07
69.02
0.19
0.01
463.10
767.66

5.48
121.08
39.09
0.02
0.26
56.57
0.06
69.02
0.16
0.01
461.38
753.12

60.85
1,837.52
730.65
0.12
3.72
1,077.29
0.35
853.61
51.68
0.03
58.09
4,673.91

1.30
0.00
3.07
0.00
0.00
4.44
0.83
5.45
0.22
0.08
6.63
22.02

2.43
0.00
16.12
0.00
0.00
3.57
0.02
0.00
0.18
0.00
27.45
49.78

64.4
828.8
250.6
0.1
1.7
362.6
0.7
378.2
2.1
0.1
5,089.0
6,978.3

35.1
776.2
250.6
0.1
1.7
362.6
0.6
378.2
1.7
0.1
5,070.1
6,877.0

390.0
11,779.0
4,683.6
0.8
23.8
6,905.7
3.8
4,677.3
567.9
0.4
638.4
29,670.8

8.3
0.0
19.7
0.0
0.0
28.5
9.1
29.9
2.4
0.9
72.8
171.6

15.6
0.0
103.4
0.0
0.0
22.9
0.2
0.0
2.0
0.0
301.7
445.8

121.41
1,065.33
70.06

73.30
1,065.1
19.10

1,171.9
5,837.4
443.0

732.4
5,836.2
122.2

308.9
953.9
564.9
442.2
1,478.0
181.2
3,058.1
8,609.6
10,382.9
1,561.8
42.7
1,874.6
597.8
37,508.8

256.3
493.9
179.0
385.6
1,083.3
160.3
305.8
861.0
1,038.3
156.2
28.0
575.7
271.6
12,485.8

106.9

89.3

12,247.4
2.3

129.0

1.6

52.9

1,222.5
1,458.4

221.9
312.8

37.6
12,340.3

4.1
1.7
314.8

2.7
1.7
160.8

21.4
0.4
131.0

6.8
13.1

163.4
484.0

81.2
246.4

118.6
271.4

309.8
329.7

Industrial processes:
Chemical manufacturing
Commercial cooking
Grain handling/processing
Ammonia cold storage
Secondary metal production
Mineral processes
Mining/quarrying
Wood product manufacturing
Rubber/plastic product mfg.
Fabricated metals
Residential construction
Commercial construction
Road construction
Construction, other
Electrical equipment manufacturing
Industrial paved/unpaved road travel
Industrial processes, NEC
All Industrial Processes
Waste treatment/disposal:
On-site incineration
Open burning: Land clearing debris
Landfills
Publicly owned treatment works
Other waste
All Waste Treatment/Disposal

42.27
34.37
133.99
69.39
86.58
27.95
59.61
52.73
218.49 164.26
25.86
22.96
477.07
47.71
1,343.10 134.31
1,619.73 161.97
243.64
24.36
7.66
5.00
262.12
79.73
102.65
45.41
5,879.58 2,027.66

0.62
0.22
56.90

0.41
0.22
29.06

15.02

8.03

1,910.60
0.25

23.47

0.28

9.63

222.86
261.35

40.48
48.79

6.77
1,927.25

3.31
0.06
23.84

1.05
2.38
15.01

25.58
83.32

13.64
43.34

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

21.59
48.80

56.39
59.82

9

15.01

82.3
82.3

January 2014

Table 1.6–10 (continued). Annual and typical daily emissions from all sources in the PM10 nonattainment
area.
Annual emissions (tons/year)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Section
PM10
PM2.5
NOx SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
Miscellaneous area sources:
Windblown dust
Cotton ginning
Tilling
Harvesting
Travel on unpaved ag. roads
Agricultural field burning
Fertilizer application
Livestock
Humans
Structure fires
Aircraft engine testing
Vehicle fires
Crematories
Accidental releases
Wildfires
Prescribed fires
Travel on unpaved parking lots
Leaf blowers fugitive dust
Offroad rec. vehicles fugitive dust
All Misc. Area Sources

249.37

27.43

14.61
2.39
29.17
3.08
0.00
2.94
0.01
2,278.88
947.15
2,592.67
13,096.36

14.61
2.38
29.17
2.82
0.00
2.52
0.01
228.72
357.46
257.52
1,945.88

All Area Sources

19,826.92

4,770.00

NONROAD MOBILE
SOURCES:
Agricultural equipment
Airport GSE (+APU)
Commercial equipment
Construction & mining equipment
Industrial equipment
Lawn and garden equipment
Pleasure craft
Railway maintenance equipment
Recreational equipment
Aircraft
Locomotives
All Nonroad Mobile Sources

4,786.57
9.68
1,292.04
61.29
807.79
18.71

717.98
2.77
193.81
9.19
80.78
18.71

26,227.7
53.2
12,582.4
1,490.4
5,178.1
191.9

3,934.2
15.2
1,887.4
223.6
517.8
191.9

762.71
5,243.49
1,142.93

1,366.4

150.3

1.77
0.00
0.18
0.00

0.00
0.14
0.00

7,149.26

80.0
13.2
159.8
21.8
0.0
1,008.6
8.0
1,253.3
1,958.7
1,411.1
12,834.9

10.4
259.3
6.4
88.4
0.0
259.5
6.2

11.94

80.0
13.2
159.8
23.9
0.0
1,176.0
8.0
12,487.0
5,189.9
14,206.4
80,434.5

681.4

143.3 39,228.2

9,141.31 125,405.6

32,444.2

32,082.0

957.4 52,096.5

4.99

1.89
46.36
1.17
11.19
0.00
0.65
0.01

9.98

66.25

5,050.31 142.57

12.65
21.88
114.77
1,133.79
97.04
210.83
5.36
1.04
7.79
207.15
19.54
1,831.84

12.27
141.97
0.08
21.44
400.37 19.03
109.73 1,360.88
1.89
1,097.44 12,440.29
8.95
94.50 1,838.63
3.47
195.04
872.19
2.11
4.95
73.32
0.08
1.01
8.60
0.00
7.17
11.79
0.05
195.15 2,583.11 307.21
18.96
693.63 72.23
1,757.66 20,424.78 415.10

ONROAD MOBILE SOURCES:
Exhaust / tire wear / brake wear
2,663.31
Paved road fugitive dust
6,941.31
Unpaved road fugitive dust
8,468.55
All Onroad Mobile Sources
18,073.17

1,869.88 56,267.92 205.82
1,802.10
845.34
4,517.32 56,267.92 205.82

BIOGENIC SOURCES
TOTAL, ALL SOURCE
CATEGORIES

0.26
20.83
23.50
32.71
21.95
1.83
0.02
0.39
0.50
101.99

1,108.89

1,108.89

56.6
13.9
0.0
71.1
1.7

78.6
910.0
0.5
117.5
2,193.8
104.3
703.4
8,723.6
12.1
7,034.9 79,745.5
57.4
605.8 11,786.1
22.2
1,325.6
6,100.9
15.2
66.7
987.0
1.1
7.0
59.5
0.0
61.3
100.8
0.4
1,069.1 14,154.3 1,683.4
103.9
3,800.7
395.8
11,173.8 128,562.2 2,292.4

14,592.8
38,034.6
46,403.0
99,030.4

10,246.6 308,316.8 1,127.5
9,874.5
4,632.0
24,753.1 308,316.8 1,127.5

0.0
54.4
0.5

1.7
133.5
150.6
209.7
161.5
24.6
0.1
3.3
2.7
687.7

6,076.6

6,076.6

1,755.7

11,153.37 83,219.65 809.29 10,395.12 237,066.5

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

4,179.2
28,731.5
6,262.6

81.1
119.9
735.7
7,267.9
622.1
1,433.7
72.1
7.2
66.6
1,135.0
107.1
11,648.4

321.97
39,888.03

51.2

10

69,039.5 477,202.3 4,743.8 59,096.7

January 2014

2.

Point Sources

2.1

Introduction and scope

This inventory of PM10 and related pollutants is one of two 2011 emission inventory reports
prepared to meet US EPA reporting requirements. This inventory has been developed concurrently with a similar inventory for ozone precursors (VOC, NOx, and CO), as part of
Maricopa County's requirements under the respective SIPs.
In addition to preparing a periodic emissions inventory for the PM10 nonattainment area (NAA)
as a commitment under the current PM10 State Implementation Plan (SIP), the federal Air Emission Reporting Requirements (AERR) rule requires that state and local agencies prepare emissions estimates on a county basis, and submit data electronically to the US EPA for inclusion in
the National Emission Inventory (NEI) for 2011.
In order to provide consistency among all these inventories, it was decided to standardize the
definition of a “point source” by adopting the designation of point sources as outlined in the
AERR:
We are basing the requirement for point source format reporting on whether the
source is major under 40 CFR part 70 for the pollutants for which reporting is
required, i.e., CO, VOC, NOx, SO2, PM2.5, PM10, lead and NH3 but without regard
to emissions of HAPs… [T]his approach will result in a more stable universe of
reporting point sources, which in turn will facilitate elimination of overlaps and
gaps in estimating point source emissions, as compared to nonpoint source emissions. Under this requirement, states will know well in advance of the start of the
inventory year which sources will need to be reported. (US EPA, 2008)
This chapter contains several tables that provide information on point source emissions. Table
2.2–1 provides an alphabetical listing of all point sources and their location. Table 2.4–1 shows
the annual and typical daily emissions of PM10, PM2.5, NOx, SOx and NH3 for those point sources
that reported emissions of one or more of these pollutants in 2011. Table 2.6–1 summarizes
point source emission totals for both Maricopa County and the PM10 nonattainment area. Note
that totals shown in the tables may not equal the sum of individual values due to independent
rounding.

2.2

Identification of point sources

The Maricopa County Air Quality Department (MCAQD) identified point sources within Maricopa County through its electronic permit system database, EMS, and the 2011 annual emissions
reports submitted to the department. A total of 18 stationary sources were identified as point
sources using the definition described in Section 2.1. While the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ) retains permitting authority for a limited number of industrial source
categories in Maricopa County, no ADEQ-permitted facilities are considered point sources, and
are addressed instead as area sources.
Table 2.2–1 contains an alphabetical listing of all point sources, including a unique business
identification number, NAICS business classification code, business name, and physical address.

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

11

January 2014

Table 2.2–1. Name and location of all point sources in Maricopa County.
ID #
NAICS Business name
Address
3313
221112 APS West Phoenix Power Plant
4606 W Hadley St
43063 221112 Arlington Valley LLC
39027 W Elliot Rd
127771 331111 CMC Steel Fabricators Inc
11444 E Germann Rd
44439 221112 Gila River Power Station
1250 E Watermelon Rd
3300
92811
Luke AFB – 56th Fighter Wing
14002 W Marauder St
44186 221112 Mesquite Generating Station
37625 W Elliot Rd
43530 221112 New Harquahala Generating Co
2530 N 491st Ave
20706 32614
New Wincup Holdings Inc
7980 W Buckeye Rd
1879
562212 Northwest Regional Landfill
19401 W Deer Valley Rd
1331
337122 Oak Canyon Manufacturing Inc
3021 N 29th Dr
52382 221112 Ocotillo Power Plant
1500 E University Dr
42956 221112 Redhawk Generating Facility
11600 S 363rd Ave
303
332431 Rexam Beverage Can Company
211 N 51st Ave
3315
221112 Santan Generating Station
1005 S Val Vista Rd
4175
424710 SFPP LP Phoenix Terminal
49 N 53rd Ave
3316
221112 SRP Agua Fria Generating Station
7302 W Northern Ave
3317
221112 SRP Kyrene Generating Station
7005 S Kyrene Rd
1210
337122 Trendwood Inc
2402 S 15th Ave
* = Facility is located outside the PM10 nonattainment area.

2.3

City
Phoenix
Arlington
Mesa
Gila Bend
Glendale
Arlington
Tonopah
Phoenix
Surprise
Phoenix
Tempe
Arlington
Phoenix
Gilbert
Phoenix
Glendale
Tempe
Phoenix

ZIP
85043
85322
85212
85337
85309
85322
85354
85043
85387
85017
85281
85322
85043
85296
85043
85303
85283
85007

*
*
*
*

*

Procedures for estimating emissions from point sources

Annual and typical daily emission estimates were determined from annual source emissions
reports, MCAQD investigation reports, permit files and logs, or telephone contacts with sources.
For most of the sources, material balance methods were used for determining emissions. Emissions were estimated using the emission factors from AP–42, source tests, engineering calculations, or manufacturers' specifications.
MCAQD distributes annual emissions survey forms to nearly all facilities for which MCAQD
has issued an operating permit. Facilities are required to report detailed information on stacks,
control devices, operating schedules, and process-level information concerning their annual
activities. (See Appendix A for a copy of the instructions to complete the emissions inventory.)
These instructions include examples and explanations on how to complete the annual emissions
reporting forms that facilities must submit to MCAQD.
After a facility has submitted an annual emissions report to MCAQD, emissions inventory staff
check all reports for missing and questionable data, and check the accuracy and reasonableness
of all emissions calculations with AP–42, the Factor Information and REtrieval (webFIRE)
software, and other EPA documentation. Control efficiencies are determined by source tests
when available, or by AP–42 factors, engineering calculations, or manufacturers’ specifications.
MCAQD has conducted annual emissions surveys for permitted facilities since 1988, and the
department's database system, EMS, contains numerous automated quality assurance/quality
control checks for data input and processing.
2.3.1

Calculation of PM2.5 emissions

For all county-permitted sources that submitted an annual emission inventory report, all processlevel emissions for PM10, NOx, SOx, and NH3 were calculated for each facility. Actual emissions
for these pollutants were calculated using reported emission factors (from AP–42 or source test

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

12

January 2014

results) and reflecting any control devices installed. PM2.5 was calculated using a variety of
methods, depending on the Source Classification Code (SCC) of the process reported:
1. For those SCCs and control device combinations included in EPA’s WebFIRE, this
database was used to calculate PM2.5, using EPA-recommended emission factors and
typical control efficiencies.
2. For processes with no PM10 controls, emission factors for PM2.5 published by the
California Air Resources Board (CARB, 2004) were used where available.
3. For all other processes (where neither of the above resources provided guidance), PM2.5
was assumed equal to PM10 as a conservative estimate.

2.3.2 Application of rule effectiveness
Rule effectiveness reflects the actual ability of a regulatory program to achieve the emission
reductions required by regulation. The concept of applying rule effectiveness in a SIP emission
inventory has evolved from the observation that regulatory programs may be less than 100 percent effective for some source categories. Rule effectiveness (“RE”) is applied to those sources
affected by a regulation and for which emissions are determined by means of emission factors
and control efficiency estimates.
MCAQD has estimated RE for the following groups of industrial processes:
 For manually controlled processes that are regulated under Maricopa County Rule 316
(Nonmetallic Mineral Processing), the analysis showed an overall rule effectiveness of
73.37%.
 For processes that claimed emissions reductions through the use of a control device, RE
calculations were performed separately for Title V and non-Title V sources. Overall RE
values of 91.81% (for Title V processes) and 87.81% (for non-Title V processes) were
calculated.
Appendix B contains further details on the methods and data used in computing the above RE
rates.

2.4

Detailed overview of point source emissions

Table 2.4–1 provides a summary of annual and typical daily emissions from all point sources,
within and outside the PM10 nonattainment area. Sources for which rule effectiveness has been
applied (for PM10 emissions) are noted. Values of “0.00” and “0.0” for annual and daily emissions denote a value below the level of significance (0.005 tons/yr and 0.05 lbs/day,
respectively).

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

13

January 2014

Table 2.4–1.
ID #

Annual and typical daily point source emissions, by facility.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily (lbs/day)
Business name
PM10 PM2.5 NOx
SOx NH3 PM10 PM2.5
NOx SOx NH3

3313
43063
127771
44439
3300
44186
43530
20706
1879
1331
52382
42956
303
3315
4175

APS West Phoenix Power Plant
24.90 22.37
596.56 4.37 30.58 136.8 122.9
Arlington Valley LLC
†* 17.20 15.09
38.68 2.56
6.29
95.2
83.6
CMC Steel Fabricators Inc
*
20.13 14.73
34.05 27.83
191.4 139.7
Gila River Power Station
†
41.27 37.53
194.22 8.32 22.46 227.0 206.4
Luke AFB – 56th Fighter Wing *
0.67
0.66
10.04 0.21
4.3
4.3
Mesquite Generating Station
† 111.61 104.66
192.49 13.71 14.63 613.5 575.3
New Harquahala Generating Co †
21.43 21.39
23.24 1.15 16.67 117.8 117.5
New Wincup Holdings Inc
0.49
0.49
11.82 0.10
2.7
2.7
Northwest Regional Landfill
48.39 16.29
9.74 2.36
307.5 102.5
Oak Canyon Manufacturing Inc
0.01
0.01
0.1
0.1
Ocotillo Power Plant
10.59
8.17
82.96 0.38
58.2
44.9
Redhawk Generating Facility
†
56.67 50.41
150.82 8.00 13.71 311.5 277.1
Rexam Beverage Can Company *
0.33
0.33
4.35 0.03
1.8
1.8
Santan Generating Station
29.46 27.99
257.77 5.62
7.87 161.9 153.8
SFPP LP Phoenix Terminal
2.27
1.07
4.89 0.25
13.7
6.2
SRP Agua Fria Generating
3316
Station
3.64
3.11
104.92 3.29
20.0
17.1
3317
SRP Kyrene Generating Station
13.37 13.12
27.77 1.21
4.48
73.5
72.1
1210
Trendwood Inc (S. 15th Ave.)
0.05
0.05
0.4
0.4
TOTAL:
402.48 337.46 1,744.32 79.39 116.69 2,337.2 1,928.4
† = Facility is outside the PM10 nonattainment area.
* = Facility for which rule effectiveness has been applied.

2.5

3,277.8 24.0 168.0
223.5 16.1 34.6
318.6 267.5
1,070.0 45.7 123.4
65.1
1.4
1,061.5 75.6 80.4
127.7
6.3 91.6
65.0
0.6
53.5 13.0
455.8
830.5
23.9
1,416.3
26.9

2.1
44.1
0.1
30.9
1.4

576.5
152.6

18.1
6.6

75.3
43.2

24.6

9,745.1 553.5 641.2

Emission reduction credits

A major source or major modification planned in a nonattainment area must obtain emissions
reductions as a condition for approval. These emissions reductions, generally obtained from
existing sources located in the vicinity of a proposed source, must offset the emissions increase
from the new source or modification. The obvious purpose of acquiring offsetting emissions
decreases is to allow an area to move towards attainment of the national ambient air quality
standards while still allowing some industrial growth.
In order for these emission reductions to be available in the future for offsetting, they must be: 1)
explicitly included and quantified as growth in projection-year inventories required in rate of
progress plans or attainment demonstrations that were based on 1990 actual inventories, and 2)
meet the requirements outlined in MCAQD Rule 240 (Permit Requirements for New Major
Sources and Major Modification to Existing Major Sources).
Table 2.5–1 provides a list of emission reduction credits for PM10, NOx, and SOx. Only one
previously operational facility maintains emission reduction credits for these pollutants that are
still valid for inclusion in this report and the rate of progress plan.
Table 2.5–1.
ID
1151

Emission reduction credits as of December 31, 2011.

Facility
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

Reduction Date
3/1/2004

14

Emission reduction credits (tons/yr)
PM10
NOx
SOx
1.80
9.80
0.16

January 2014

2.6

Summary of point source emissions

Table 2.6–1 provides a summary of point source emissions for Maricopa County and the PM10
nonattainment area, including emission reduction credits.
Table 2.6–1.

Annual and typical daily point source emissions (including emission reduction credits).
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily (lbs/day)
Geographic Area
PM10 PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
Maricopa County
404.28 337.46 1,754.12 79.55 116.69 2,347.1 1,928.4 9,798.8 554.4
PM10 NAA
156.10 108.39 1,154.67 45.81 42.93
982.1
668.4 6,485.7 366.6

2.7

Quality assurance / quality control procedures

2.7.1

Emission survey preparation and data collection

NH3
641.2
235.9

The MCAQD's Emissions Inventory (EI) Unit annually collects point source criteria pollutant
emission data from sources in the county. MCAQD annually reviews EPA guidance, documents
from the Emission Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP), and other source materials to ensure
that the most current emission factors and emission calculation methods are used for each year’s
survey. Each January, the EI Unit prepares a pre-populated hard copy of the preceding year’s
submissions and mails reporting forms to permitted sources, along with detailed instructions for
completing the forms. (A copy of these instructions is included as Appendix A). The EI Unit
asks sources to verify and update the data. The EI Unit also holds numerous workshops each
spring to assist businesses in completing EI forms.
The general data flow for data collection and inventory preparation is shown in Figure 2.7–1.

Figure 2.7–1. Data flow for annual point source emission inventory reporting.

EI Reporting
Forms
• Hard Copy Forms/
Instructions
• Instruction on Web

EI Reporting
Forms

Log In EI
reports/ Issue
Receipts

Data Entry

EMS

Issue NOVs for
late submitters

• Code/field check
• Range checks
• Referential value checks

Create
Inventory files

Automated QA checks

Technical QA/
QC

Using completed survey data

Finalized Inventory
Data
Reconciliation

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

15

January 2014

2.7.2

Submission processing

Submitted EI reports are logged in as they are received, and receipts are issued for emissions fees
paid. The data are input “as received” into the department's data base. During data entry, a variety of automated quality control (QC) checks are performed, including:






pull-down menus to minimize data entry errors (e.g., city, pollutant, emission factor unit,
etc.)
mandatory data field requirement checks (e.g., a warning screen appears if a user tries to
save an emission record with a missing emission factor).
range checks (e.g., were valid SCC, Tier, SIC, and NAICS codes entered?)
referential value checks (e.g., emission factor units, annual throughput units)
automatic formatting of date, time, telephone number fields, etc.

Automated quality assurance (QA) checks on the report that has been entered include the
following:





Comparing reported emission factors to SCC reference lists
Comparing reported emission factors to material name reference list
Checking the report for calculation errors. This includes annual throughput, emission
factors, unit conversion factors (e.g., BTU to therms), capture efficiency, primary /
secondary control device efficiency, and any offsite recycling credits claimed.
Checking the report for completeness of required data.

When data entry is complete, an electronic version of the original data is preserved separately to
document changes made during the technical review and QA/QC process.
When errors are flagged, the businesses are contacted and correct information is obtained and
input to the EMS. Outstanding reporting issues are documented. Confidential business information (CBI) is identified by a checkbox on the form, and these data elements are flagged during
data entry and are not transmitted to the EPA.
To prepare the inventory for submittal to the National Emissions Inventory (NEI), the EI Unit
has developed a series of MS-Access queries to extract data from EMS; and to append or convert
codes, units of measure, etc., in order to create staging tables that adhere to the EPA’s
Consolidated Emissions Reporting Schema (CERS). These tables are then converted to XML
files using EPA’s Bridge conversion tool for submittal to the EPA’s Emission Inventory System
(EIS).

2.7.3

Analysis of annual point source emissions data for this inventory

Two air quality planners checked inventory accuracy and reasonableness, and assured that all
point sources had been identified and that the methodology applied to calculate emissions was
appropriate and that the calculations were correct. Other reasonableness checks were conducted
by recalculating emissions using methods other than those used to make the initial emissions calculations and then comparing results. QA was conducted by checking all emissions reports submitted to MCAQD for the year 2011 for missing and questionable data and by checking the
accuracy and reasonableness of all emissions calculations made for such reports. Notes con-

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

16

January 2014

cerning follow-up calls and corrections to calculations were documented on each 2011 annual
emissions report.
The QA point source coordinator reviewed and checked calculations, identified errors, and
performed completeness, reasonableness and accuracy checks.

2.8

References

CARB, 2004. Speciation Profiles and Size Fractions. Available at: http://www.arb.ca.gov/ei/
speciate/speciate.htm.
US EPA, 2008. Air Emissions Reporting Requirements. 73 Fed. Reg. 76539. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/aerr/final_published_aerr.pdf.

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

17

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This page intentionally blank.

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

18

January 2014

3.

Area Sources

3.1

Scope and methodology

This chapter considers all stationary sources which are too small or too numerous to be treated as
point sources. EPA guidance documents, including “Introduction to Area Source Inventory
Development” (US EPA, 2001a) as well as permit and emissions data in the MCAQD’s Environmental Management System (EMS) database, and previous SIP inventories, were evaluated to
develop the list of area-source categories for inclusion. Some source categories were deemed
“insignificant” because there are no large production facilities and/or very few small sources, and
therefore emissions were not quantified. MCAQD prepared the area-source emission estimates
for all area sources and provided quality assurance checks on all data. Table 3.1–1 contains a list
of all area-source categories, with Source Classification Codes (SCCs), addressed in this chapter.
Table 3.1–1.
SCC code

List of area-source categories included in this PM10 inventory.
Category description

Section

2102004001
2102004002
2102006000
2103004001
2103004002
2103006000
2104004000
2104006000
2104007000
2104011000
2104008100
2104008210
2104008220
2104008230
2104008310
2104008320
2104008330
2104008400
2104008610
2104008700
2104009000

Fuel combustion:
Industrial distillate oil: Boilers
Industrial distillate oil: Engines
Industrial natural gas
Commercial/institutional distillate oil: Boilers
Commercial/institutional distillate oil: Engines
Commercial/institutional natural gas
Residential distillate oil
Residential natural gas
Residential liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)
Residential kerosene
Residential Wood Combustion (RWC): Fireplace
RWC: Woodstove: fireplace inserts: Non-EPA certified
RWC: Woodstove: fireplace inserts: EPA certified; non-catalytic
RWC: Woodstove: fireplace inserts: EPA certified; catalytic
RWC: Woodstove: freestanding: Non-EPA certified
RWC: Woodstove: freestanding: EPA certified, non-catalytic
RWC: Woodstove: freestanding: EPA certified, catalytic
RWC: Woodstove: Pellet-fired
RWC: Hydronic heater: Outdoor
RWC: Outdoor wood burning device, NEC
RWC: Residential firelog

3.2
3.2.1
3.2.1
3.2.2
3.2.3
3.2.3
3.2.4
3.2.5
3.2.6
3.2.7
3.2.8
3.2.9
3.2.9
3.2.9
3.2.9
3.2.9
3.2.9
3.2.9
3.2.9
3.2.9
3.2.9
3.2.9

2301000000
2302002100
2302002200
2302003000
2302003100
2302003200
2302040000
2302080002
2304000000
2305070000
2325000000

Industrial Processes:
Chemical manufacturing
Commercial cooking: Conveyorized charbroiling
Commercial cooking: Under-fired charbroiling
Commercial cooking: Deep fat frying
Commercial cooking: Flat griddle frying
Commercial cooking: Clamshell griddle frying
Grain handling/processing
Ammonia cold storage
Secondary metal production
Mineral processes
Mining and quarrying

3.3
3.3.1
3.3.2.1
3.3.2.1
3.3.2.1
3.3.2.1
3.3.2.1
3.3.2.2
3.3.2.3
3.3.3
3.3.4
3.3.5

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

19

January 2014

Table 3.1–1. List of area-source categories included in this PM10 inventory (continued).
SCC code
Category description
Section
2307000000 Wood product manufacturing
3.3.6
2308000000 Rubber/plastic product manufacturing
3.3.7
2309000000 Fabricated metal products manufacturing
3.3.8
2311010000 Residential construction
3.3.9
2311020000 Commercial construction
3.3.9
2311030000 Road construction
3.3.9
2311040000 Construction, other
3.3.9
2312000000 Electrical equipment mfg.
3.3.10
2296010000 Industrial paved/unpaved road travel
3.3.11
2399000000 Industrial processes, not elsewhere classified (NEC)
3.3.12
2601000000
2610000500
2620000000
2630020000
2650000000

Waste Treatment/Disposal:
On-site incineration
Open burning: Land clearing debris
Landfills
Publicly owned treatment works
Other waste

3.4
3.4.1
3.4.2
3.4.3
3.4.4
3.4.5

n/a
2801000000
2801000003
2801000005
2801000008
2801500000
n/a
n/a
2810010000
2810030000
2810040000
2810050000
2810060100
2830001000
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a

Miscellaneous Area Sources:
Windblown dust
Cotton ginning
Tilling
Harvesting
Travel on unpaved agricultural roads
Agricultural field burning (ditchbank & fence row)
Fertilizer application
Livestock
Humans
Structure fires
Aircraft engine testing
Vehicle fires
Crematories
Accidental releases
Wildfires
Prescribed fires
Unpaved parking lots fugitive dust
Leaf blowers fugitive dust
Offroad recreational vehicles fugitive dust

3.5
3.5.1
3.5.2.1
3.5.2.2
3.5.2.3
3.5.2.4
3.5.2.5
3.5.2.6
3.5.2.7
3.5.3
3.5.4
3.5.5
3.5.6
3.5.7
3.5.8
3.5.9
3.5.10
3.5.11
3.5.12
3.5.13

For nearly all categories, emissions were calculated in one of the following ways:
 Emissions estimates for some categories were developed by conducting surveys on local
usage (e.g., natural gas consumption) or derived from state-wide data (e.g., fuel oil use).
 For some widespread or diverse categories (e.g., ammonia cold storage), emissions were
calculated using published per-capita or per-employee emission factors.
 For source categories with some information available from annual emissions reports
(e.g., wood product manufacturing), these data were combined with employment data to
“scale up” reported emissions to reflect the entire source category.

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

20

January 2014



For those source categories that have detailed emissions data available from most or all of
the significant sources in the category, emissions were calculated based on the detailed
process-level and operational data provided by these sources.

The specific emissions estimation methodologies used for each source category (including the
derivation and application of rule effectiveness) are described in greater detail in the respective
sections.

3.2

Fuel combustion

Area-source emission estimates are provided in this section for the following categories of fuel
consumption: Industrial distillate oil, industrial natural gas, commercial/institutional distillate oil,
commercial/institutional natural gas, residential distillate oil, residential natural gas, residential
liquefied petroleum gas, residential kerosene, and residential wood.
Data for natural gas combustion emissions estimates came from a survey of the three natural gas
suppliers in Maricopa County. Table 3.2–1 summarizes the natural gas sales data received from
Maricopa County natural gas suppliers.
Table 3.2–1.

Maricopa County natural gas sales by end-user category and supplier.
Sales by end user category (in MMCF/yr)
Natural gas
Electric
Commercial/
supplier
Utilities
Industrial
Institutional
Residential
Transport*
Southwest Gas
n/a
592.74
13,303.23
17,083.04
9,288.47
City of Mesa
n/a
91.17
1,631.61
1,030.07
175.13
El Paso
112,963.97
150.78
n/a
n/a
n/a
Total:
112,963.97
834.68
14,934.84
18,113.11
9,463.60

Other*
406.92
n/a
n/a
406.92

* For emissions calculations, sales from transport and other were grouped with industrial sales.

3.2.1 Industrial distillate oil
Annual emissions from industrial distillate oil combustion were derived from EPA NEI (US
EPA, 2012c) calculations. Emissions come from two different sources, boilers and engines
burning distillate oil.
Typical daily emissions were derived by dividing the annual emissions by six days a week for 52
weeks, as recommended by EIIP guidance (US EPA, 2001a). Annual and typical daily
emissions in the PM10 nonattainment area were calculated by applying the ratio of industrial
employment in the nonattainment area to county-level emission calculations (99.96%). See
Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the employment data used.
Table 3.2–2.
boilers.

Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source industrial distillate oil combustion for

Geographic area
Maricopa County
PM10 NAA

PM10
10.04
10.04

Annual emissions (tons/yr)
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
5.48
60.87 1.30
5.48
60.85 1.30

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

21

NH3
2.43
2.43

Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx NH3
64.4
35.1
390.2
8.3 15.6
64.4
35.1
390.0
8.3 15.6

January 2014

Table 3.2–3.
engines.

Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source industrial distillate oil combustion for

Geographic area
Maricopa County
PM10 NAA

3.2.2

PM10
129.35
129.30

Annual emissions (tons/yr)
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
121.13 1,838.26 0.00
121.08 1,837.52 0.00

NH3
0.00
0.00

Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx NH3
829.2
776.5 11,783.7
0.0
0.0
828.8
776.2 11,779.0
0.0
0.0

Industrial natural gas

All natural gas suppliers in Maricopa County were surveyed to gather information on the volume
of natural gas distributed, by user category, within the county in 2011. Area-source industrial
natural gas usage for the county is based on the reported total volume of natural gas sold to
industrial sources (10,705.20 MMCF) as shown in Table 3.2–1, minus natural gas used by
industrial point sources (463.95 MMCF).
Natural gas is used for both external combustions (boilers and heaters) and internal combustion
(generators), each of which have different emission factors. Thus the area-source natural gas
usage derived above must be divided between these two categories. This apportionment was
based on the percentages of external and internal natural gas combustion reported by all industrial area sources in 2008. A 2008 apportionment was used because 2011 data were not available
for all industrial area sources at the time that these emission estimates were developed.
Annual emissions for the county were calculated by multiplying natural gas usage by the
respective emission factors for external (SCC=1020060*) and internal (SCC=2020020*)
combustion obtained from EPA’s WebFIRE database (US EPA, 2012a).
Table 3.2–4. Natural gas usage, emission factors, and annual emissions from area-source industrial natural
gas combustion, by combustion type.
Emission factors (lb/MMCF)
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Natural
Combustion % of
gas use
NOx
SOx
NH3
type
total
(MMCF) PM10 PM2.5 NOx SOx NH3 PM10 PM2.5
External
98.44 10,081.49
7.6
7.6 100
0.6
3.2 38.31 38.31
504.07 3.02 16.13
Internal
1.56
159.76 10.0 10.0 2840
0.6
n/a 0.80 0.80
226.86 0.05
0.00
Total:
100.00 10,241.25
39.11 39.11
730.94 3.07 16.13

Typical daily emissions for the county were calculated by dividing annual emissions by the
number of days that activity occurs throughout the year (6 days/wks × 52 wks/yr).
Annual and typical daily emissions within the PM10 nonattainment area were calculated by
applying the ratio of industrial employment in the nonattainment area to county-level emission
calculations (99.96%). See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the employment data used.
Table 3.2–5.

Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source industrial natural gas combustion.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area PM10 PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
Maricopa County
39.11 39.11
730.94
3.07 16.13
250.7
250.7 4,685.5
19.7 103.4
PM10 NAA
39.09 39.09
730.65
3.07 16.12
250.6
250.6 4,683.6
19.7 103.4

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

22

January 2014

3.2.3

Commercial/institutional distillate oil

Annual emissions from commercial/institutional distillate oil combustion were derived from
EPA NEI (US EPA, 2012c) calculations. Emissions come from two different sources, boilers
and engines burning distillate oil.
Typical daily emissions were derived by dividing the annual emissions by six days a week for 52
weeks, as recommended by EIIP guidance (US EPA, 2001a). Annual and typical daily
emissions in the PM10 nonattainment area were calculated by applying the ratio of industrial
employment in the nonattainment area to county-level emission calculations (99.96%). See
Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the employment data used.
Table 3.2–6. Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source commercial/institutional distillate oil
combustion for boilers.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
PM10
PM2.5
NOx SOx NH3 PM10 PM2.5
NOx SOx
NH3
Maricopa County
0.02
0.02
0.12 0.00 0.00
0.1
0.1
0.8
0.0
0.0
PM10 NAA
0.02
0.02
0.12 0.00 0.00
0.1
0.1
0.8
0.0
0.0

Table 3.2–7. Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source commercial/institutional distillate oil
combustion for engines.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
PM10
PM2.5
NOx SOx NH3 PM10 PM2.5
NOx SOx
NH3
Maricopa County
0.26
0.26
3.72 0.00 0.00
1.7
1.7
23.8
0.0
0.0
PM10 NAA
0.26
0.26
3.72 0.00 0.00
1.7
1.7
23.8
0.0
0.0

3.2.4

Commercial/institutional natural gas

All natural gas suppliers in Maricopa County were surveyed to gather information on the volume
of natural gas distributed, by user category, within the county in 2011. Area-source commercial
and institutional (C&I) natural gas usage for the county is based on the reported total volume of
natural gas sold to C&I sources (14,934.84 MMCF) as shown in Table 3.2–1, minus natural gas
used by C&I point sources (77.80 MMCF).
Natural gas is used for both external combustion (boilers, heaters) and internal combustion
(generators), each of which have different emission factors. Thus the area-source natural gas
usage derived above must be apportioned between these two categories. This apportionment was
based on the percentages of external and internal natural gas combustion reported by all C&I
area sources in 2008. A 2008 apportionment was used because 2011 data were not available for
all industrial area sources at the time that these emission estimates were developed.
Annual emissions for the county were calculated by multiplying natural gas usage by the
respective emission factors for external (SCC=1020060*) and internal (SCC=2020020*)
combustion obtained from EPA’s WebFIRE database (US EPA, 2012a).

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

23

January 2014

Table 3.2–8. Emission factors and annual emissions from area-source commercial/institutional natural gas
combustion, by combustion type.
C&I natural Emission factors (lb/MMCF)
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Combustion % of
gas usage
SOx NH3
type
total
(MMCF) PM10 PM2.5 NOx SOx NH3 PM10 PM2.5 NOx
External
98.34
14,610.42 7.6
7.6
100
0.6 0.49 55.52 55.52
730.52 4.38 3.58
Internal
1.66
246.63 10.0 10.0 2840
0.6 n/a
1.23 1.23
350.21 0.07 0.00
Total:
100.00
14,857.04
56.75 56.75 1,080.73 4.46 3.58

Typical daily emissions for the county were calculated by dividing annual emissions by the
number of days that activity occurs throughout the year (6 days/wk × 52 wks/yr).
Annual and typical daily emissions within the PM10 nonattainment area were calculated by
applying the combined ratio of retail, office, public and other employment in the nonattainment
area to county-level emission calculations (99.68%). See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the
employment data used.
Table 3.2–9.
combustion.

Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source commercial/institutional natural gas

Geographic area
Maricopa County
PM10 NAA

3.2.5

PM10
56.75
56.57

Annual emissions (tons/yr)
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
56.75 1,080.73 4.46
56.57 1,077.29 4.44

NH3
3.58
3.57

Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
363.8
363.8 6,927.8 28.6
22.9
362.6
362.6 6,905.7 28.5
22.9

Residential distillate oil

Annual emissions from residential distillate oil were derived from EPA NEI (US EPA, 2012c)
calculations.
Typical daily emissions were calculated by dividing annual emissions by heating degree days
(i.e. the number of degrees per day that the daily average temperature is below 65°F). Data
obtained from Arizona Energy Statistics (GOEP, 2013) indicated that there were six months in
2011 (May-October, totaling 183 days) where no heating degree days were recorded. Assuming
that no distillate oil combustion activity took place during those months, it is assumed that all
residential distillate oil combustion occurred during the remaining 182 days of the year. Thus,
typical daily emissions were calculated by dividing annual emission by the number of days
distillate oil combustion occurred.
Annual and typical daily emissions within the PM10 nonattainment area were calculated by
multiplying county totals by the ratio of total population in the nonattainment area to the total
population in the county (100.64%). See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the population data
used.
Table 3.2–10. Annual and typical daily emissions from residential distillate oil combustion.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
Maricopa County
0.07
0.06
0.35
0.82
0.02
0.7
0.6
3.8
9.0
0.2
PM10 NAA
0.07
0.06
0.35
0.83
0.02
0.7
0.6
3.8
9.1
0.2

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3.2.6

Residential natural gas

All natural gas suppliers in Maricopa County were surveyed to gather information on the volume
of natural gas sold, by user category, within the county. Annual emissions from residential
natural gas combustion were calculated by multiplying 2011 residential natural gas sales
(18,113.11 MMCF), as shown in Table 3.2–1, by emission factors for residential natural gas
combustion summarized in the table below (US EPA, 1998a).
Table 3.2–11. Residential natural gas combustion emission factors.
Emission Factors (lb/MMCF)
PM10 PM2.5
NOx
SOx
7.6
7.6
94
0.6

Typical daily emissions were calculated by dividing annual emissions by the number of days
(365) that activity occurs for residential natural gas combustion.
Annual and typical daily residential natural gas emissions in the PM10 nonattainment area were
calculated by multiplying county-level emissions by the ratio of total resident population in the
PM10 nonattainment area to total resident population in the county (100.27%).
Table 3.2–12. Annual and typical daily emissions from residential natural gas combustion.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
Maricopa County
68.83
68.83
851.32
5.43
377.1
377.1 4,664.7 29.8
PM10 NAA
69.02
69.02
853.61
5.45
378.2
378.2 4,677.3 29.9

3.2.7 Residential liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)
Annual emissions from residential liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) were derived from EPA NEI
(US EPA, 2012c) calculations.
Typical daily emissions were calculated by dividing annual emissions by heating degree days
(i.e. the number of degrees per day that the daily average temperature is below 65°F). Data
obtained from Arizona Energy Statistics (GOEP, 2013) indicated that there were six months in
2011 (May-October, totaling 183 days) where no heating degree days were recorded. Assuming
that no residential LPG combustion activity took place during those months, it is assumed that all
residential LPG combustion occurred during the remaining 182 days of the year. Thus, typical
daily emissions were calculated by dividing annual emission 182 days.
Annual and typical daily emissions within the PM10 nonattainment area were calculated by
multiplying county totals by the ratio of total population in the nonattainment area to the total
population in the county (100.64%). See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the population used.
Table 3.2–13. Annual and typical daily emissions from residential liquefied petroleum gas combustion.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
Maricopa County
0.19
0.16
51.35
0.22
0.18
2.1
1.7
564.3
2.4
2.0
PM10 NAA
0.19
0.16
51.68
0.22
0.18
2.1
1.7
567.9
2.4
2.0

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3.2.8

Residential kerosene

Annual emissions from residential kerosene were derived from EPA NEI (US EPA, 2012c)
calculations.
Typical daily emissions were calculated by dividing annual emissions by heating degree days
(i.e. the number of degrees per day that the daily average temperature is below 65°F). Data
obtained from Arizona Energy Statistics (GOEP, 2013) indicated that there were six months in
2011 (May-October, totaling 183 days) where no heating degree days were recorded. Assuming
that no kerosene combustion activity took place during those months, it is assumed that all
residential kerosene combustion occurred during the remaining 182 days of the year. Thus,
typical daily emissions were calculated by dividing annual emission 182 days.
Annual and typical daily emissions within the PM10 nonattainment area were calculated by
multiplying county totals by the ratio of total population in the nonattainment area to the total
population in the county (100.64%). See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the population data
used.
Table 3.2–14. Annual and typical daily emissions from kerosene combustion.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
Maricopa County
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.08
0.00
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.9
0.0
PM10 NAA
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.08
0.00
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.9
0.0

3.2.9

Residential wood combustion

Annual emissions from residential wood combustion for Maricopa County were obtained from
the US Environmental Protection Agency’s Residential Wood Combustion Estimation Tool (US
EPA, 2012b). County-level annual emissions by appliance type are shown below in Table 3.2–
15.
Table 3.2–15. Annual emissions by appliance type for Maricopa County from EPA’s residential wood
combustion estimation tool.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
SCC
Appliance Type
PM10
PM2.5 NOx
SOx
2104008100 Fireplace
238.59 238.59
26.29
4.04
2104008210 Woodstove: fireplace inserts; non-EPA cert.
85.07
85.07
7.78
1.11
2104008220 Woodstove: fireplace inserts; EPA cert.; non-catalytic
17.48
17.48
2.03
0.36
2104008230 Woodstove: fireplace inserts; EPA cert.; catalytic
6.06
6.06
0.59
0.12
2104008310 Woodstove: freestanding, non-EPA cert.
41.25
41.25
3.77
0.54
2104008320 Woodstove: freestanding, EPA cert.; non-catalytic
8.47
8.47
0.99
0.17
2104008330 Woodstove: freestanding, EPA cert.; catalytic
2.94
2.94
0.29
0.06
2104008400 Woodstove: pellet-fired, general
0.96
0.96
1.19
0.10
2104008610 Hydronic heater: outdoor
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2104008700 Outdoor wood burning device, NEC
4.99
4.99
0.55
0.08
2104009000 Residential firelog
54.34
52.64
14.24
0.00
Total
460.15 458.44
57.72
6.59

NH3
18.20
4.73
0.80
0.27
2.29
0.39
0.13
0.09
0.00
0.38
0.00
27.28

Typical daily emissions were calculated by dividing annual emissions by heating degree days
(i.e. the number of degrees per day that the daily average temperature is below 65°F). Data
obtained from Arizona Energy Statistics (GOEP, 2013) indicated that there were six months in
2011 (May-October, totaling 183 days) where no heating degree days were recorded. Assuming
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that no wood burning activity took place during those months, it is assumed that all residential
wood burning occurred during the remaining 182 days of the year. Thus, typical daily emissions
were calculated by dividing annual emission by 182 days.
Annual and typical daily emissions within the PM10 nonattainment area were calculated by
multiplying county totals by the ratio of total population in the nonattainment area to total
population in the county (100.64%). See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the population data
used.
Table 3.2–16. Annual and typical daily emissions from residential wood combustion.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
Maricopa County
460.15
458.44 57.72
6.59
27.28 5,056.6 5,037.9 634.3
72.4
299.8
PM10 NAA
463.10
461.38 58.09
6.63
27.45 5,089.0 5,070.1 638.4
72.8
301.7

3.3

Industrial processes

3.3.1

Chemical manufacturing

Emissions from area-source chemical manufacturing were calculated by the “scaling up” method
as described in EPA emission inventory guidance (US EPA, 2001a). This method combines
detailed emissions data from a subset of sources and county-level employment data from the US
Census Bureau (2012) to develop a per-employee emission factor that is then used to estimate
emissions from all sources in an industry category.
The most recent data from the US Census Bureau’s County Business Patterns (CBP) for 2010
employment were used. Where employment estimates were provided as a range of values, the
midpoint was used.) Table 3.3–1 shows the NAICS codes and employment data used to
calculate emissions from chemical manufacturing.
Table 3.3–1. County-level employment estimates for chemical manufacturing, by NAICS code.
NAICS
Estimated
code
NAICS description (and employment range)
employment
325
Chemical manufacturing
4,605
42469
Other chemical & allied products merchant wholesalers
1,484
424910
Farm supplies merchant wholesalers
904
33312
Construction machinery manufacturing (250–499)
375
Total:
7,368

Since there were no point sources in this category, an area-source employment estimate was used
to “scale up” emissions reported from those facilities surveyed in 2011. Typical daily emissions
were calculated in the same method as annual emissions, only using surveyed daily emissions instead of annual totals. Emission estimates for the PM10 nonattainment area were calculated by
multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals by the percentage industrial employment in the
nonattainment area. Table 3.3–2 summarizes annual and typical daily emissions from chemical
manufacturing in both Maricopa County and the PM10 nonattainment area.
Table 3.3–2.

Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source chemical manufacturing.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
PM10
PM2.5
PM10
PM2.5
Maricopa County
121.46
73.32
1,172.4
732.7
PM10 NAA
121.41
73.30
1,171.9
732.4

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3.3.2 Food and kindred products
3.3.2.1 Commercial cooking
Emissions from commercial cooking were estimated for five types of commercial cooking equipment using per capita emissions factors developed by EPA for the 2008 National Emissions
Inventory (NEI) (Pechan, 2012). The per capita emission factors for each equipment type are
contained in Table 3.3–3. EPA created the emission factors by taking 2002 emissions in the NEI
and dividing by the 2002 population to develop per capita emission factors. The equipment
types include: chain-driven charbroilers, under-fired charbroilers, deep-fat fryers, flat griddles,
and clamshell griddles.
Table 3.3–3.

Emission factors for commercial cooking equipment, by equipment type.
Emission Factor (lb/person)
Equipment type
PM10
PM2.5
Chain-driven charbroilers
0.049795905
0.049790839
Under-fired charbroilers
0.352760432
0.352725746
Deep-fat fryers
0.000000000
0.000000000
Flat griddle fryers
0.103110693
0.103045357
Clamshell griddles
0.006994144
0.006991186

Annual commercial cooking emissions for Maricopa County were estimated by multiplying the
MAG-estimated county population (4,129,646) by the per capita emission factors for each type
of cooking equipment. See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the population data used.
Commercial cooking is assumed to occur uniformly throughout the year. Thus, typical daily
emissions were estimated by dividing annual emissions by 365 days/year. The results are shown
in Table 3.3–4 below.
Table 3.3–4.

Annual and typical daily emissions from commercial cooking equipment in Maricopa County.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
PM10
PM2.5
PM10
PM2.5
Equipment type
Chain-driven charbroilers
102.82
102.81
563.4
563.3
Underfired charbroilers
728.39
728.32
3,991.2
3,990.8
Flat griddles
212.91
212.77
1,166.6
1,165.9
Clamshell griddles
14.44
14.44
79.1
79.1
Total:
1,058.55
1,058.33
5,800.3
5,799.1

Annual and typical daily emissions for the PM10 nonattainment area were calculated by multiplying the county totals by the ratio of total population in the nonattainment area to the total
population in the county (100.64%). See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the population data
used. Table 3.3–5 summarizes the annual and typical daily emissions from commercial cooking
in the PM10 nonattainment area.

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Table 3.3–5.

Annual and typical daily emissions from commercial cooking equipment in the PM10 NAA.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Equipment type
PM10
PM2.5
PM10
PM2.5
Chain-driven charbroilers
103.48
103.47
567.0
566.9
Underfired charbroilers
733.05
732.98
4,016.7
4,016.3
Flat griddles
214.27
214.13
1,174.1
1,173.3
Clamshell griddles
14.53
14.53
79.6
79.6
Total:
1,065.33
1,065.1
5,837.4
5,836.2

3.3.2.2 Grain handling/processing
Emissions from grain handling and processing operations were calculated by the “scaling up”
method as described in EPA emission inventory guidance (US EPA, 2001a). This method
combines detailed emissions data from a subset of sources, and county-level employment data
from the US Census Bureau (2012) to estimate an annual per-employee emission factor that is
then used to estimate emissions from all sources in an industry category.
The most recent employment estimates (for the year 2010) from the US Census Bureau’s County
Business Patterns (CBP) were used. Table 3.3–6 shows the NAICS codes and employment
estimates used to calculate emissions from grain handling and processing operations.
Table 3.3–6.
code.
NAICS
code
115111
311119
424510
Total:

County-level employment estimates for grain handling and processing operations, by NAICS

NAICS description
Cotton ginning
Other animal food manufacturing
Grain and field bean merchant wholesalers

Estimated
employment
60
48
10
118

Table 3.3–7 summarizes annual and typical daily emissions from grain handling and processing
operations in both Maricopa County and the PM10 nonattainment area.
Table 3.3–7.

Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source grain handling and processing.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic Area
PM10
PM2.5
PM10
PM2.5
Maricopa County
70.09
19.10
443.1
122.3
PM10 NAA
70.06
19.10
443.0
122.2

3.3.2.3 Ammonia cold storage
Area-source emissions from ammonia cold storage are estimates of ammonia emissions from
food and kindred products industrial sources that use ammonia for refrigeration of food products.
Emission calculations are based on the number of employees in the food and kindred products
industry classification (NAICS codes 311, 312) as reported by the 2010 County Business
Patterns (US Census Bureau, 2012). Annual emissions were calculated by multiplying employment numbers by the emission factor for ammonia cold storage as listed in Table 6-5 of
“Development and Selection of Ammonia Emission Factors” (Battye et al., 1994).
Typical daily emissions were calculated by dividing annual emissions by the number of days per
year that activity occurred.
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Annual and typical daily emissions for the PM10 nonattainment area were calculated by multiplying Maricopa County emissions by the ratio of industrial employment in the County to the PM10
nonattainment area. See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of employment data used.
Table 3.3–8.

Annual and typical daily ammonia emissions from cold storage.
Annual NH3
Typical daily NH3
(lbs/day)
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
Maricopa County
1,911.36
12,252.3
PM10 NAA
1,910.60
12,247.4

3.3.3

Secondary metal production

Annual emissions from secondary metal production facilities were derived from annual
emissions reports from permitted sources. As this category consists primarily of foundries, it
was assumed that there were no significant unpermitted sources within Maricopa County. Since
all facilities considered in this section are located within the PM10 nonattainment area, total
emission values for the county and the PM10 nonattainment area are equal. Annual and typical
daily emissions are shown in Table 3.3–9.
Table 3.3–9.

Annual and typical daily emissions from secondary metal production.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
Maricopa County
42.27
34.37
15.02
8.03
0.25
308.9
256.3
106.9
89.3
2.3
PM10 NAA
42.27
34.37
15.02
8.03
0.25
308.9
256.3
106.9
89.3
2.3

3.3.4

Mineral processes

The primary contributors to this source category include concrete batch plants, ceramic clay and
tile manufacturing, brick manufacturing, and gypsum mining. Emissions from this source
category were derived from annual emissions reports from permitted facilities. Since all permitted facilities in this category were surveyed in 2011, it was assumed that there were no
significant unpermitted sources within Maricopa County. Some portable concrete batch operations which operate within Maricopa County for only part of the year are issued air quality
permits by the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ). Emissions from these
state-permitted portable sources are addressed in Section 3.3.12, “Industrial processes not
elsewhere classified”.
Typical daily emissions were calculated based on the operating schedule data reported by surveyed facilities. Annual and typical daily emissions for the PM10 nonattainment area were
derived based on the location data of the individual facilities. County-permitted portable sources
with no location data were assumed to operate within the PM10 nonattainment area as a conservative estimate.
Table 3.3–10 summarizes annual and typical daily emissions from mineral processing activities
in both Maricopa County and the PM10 nonattainment area.

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Table 3.3–10. Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source mineral processes.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
PM10
PM2.5
PM10
PM2.5
Maricopa County
149.32
75.94
1,065.9
542.0
PM10 NAA
133.99
69.39
953.9
493.9

3.3.5 Mining and quarrying
Annual emissions from area-source mining and quarrying (sand and gravel) operations were
derived from annual emissions reports submitted by permitted sources. It was assumed that there
were no significant unpermitted sources within Maricopa County. Those portable mining and
quarrying operations which operate within Maricopa County for only part of the year are issued
air quality permits by the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ). Emissions
from these state-permitted portable sources are addressed in Section 3.3.12, “Industrial processes
not elsewhere classified”.
Typical daily emissions were calculated based on reported activity data (days per week) for each
individual process, and then summed. Nearly all processes reported operating on either a 5- or 6day week. Emissions within the PM10 nonattainment area were identified using information on
the location of each permitted facility. County-permitted portable sources with no location data
were assumed to operate within the PM10 nonattainment area as a conservative estimate. Annual
and typical daily emissions are shown in Table 3.3–11.
Table 3.3–11. Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source mining and quarrying operations.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic Area
PM10
PM2.5
PM10
PM2.5
Maricopa County
106.28
33.49
712.7
220.5
PM10 NAA
86.58
27.95
564.9
179.0

3.3.6

Wood product manufacturing

Emissions from wood product manufacturing were calculated by the “scaling up” method as
described in EPA emission inventory guidance (US EPA, 2001a). This method combines
detailed emissions data from a subset of sources, and county-level employment data from the US
Census Bureau (2012) to develop a per-employee emission factor that is then used to estimate
emissions from all sources in an industry category.
The most recent data from the US Census Bureau’s County Business Patterns (CBP) for 2010
employment were used. Table 3.3–12 shows the NAICS codes and employment data used to
calculate emissions from wood product manufacturing.
Table 3.3–12. County-level employment estimates for wood product manufacturing, by NAICS code.
NAICS
Estimated
code
NAICS description
employment
321
Wood products manufacturing
3,937
337
Furniture and related products manufacturing
4,427
Total:
8,364

Some facilities in this category are considered point sources and have been addressed in Chapter
2. To avoid double-counting, employment at point sources is subtracted from total employment.
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Typical daily emissions were calculated in the same method as annual emissions, only using
surveyed daily emissions instead of annual totals. Annual and typical daily emissions for the
PM10 nonattainment area were calculated by multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals by
the percentage of industrial employment within the nonattainment area. See Section 1.5.1 for a
discussion of the employment data used.
Table 3.3–13 summarizes annual and typical daily emissions from wood products manufacturing
in both Maricopa County and the PM10 nonattainment area.
Table 3.3–13. Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source wood products manufacturing.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic Area
PM10
PM2.5
PM10
PM2.5
Maricopa County
59.64
52.76
442.4
385.7
PM10 NAA
59.61
52.73
442.2
385.6

3.3.7

Rubber/plastics product manufacturing

Emissions from area-source rubber and plastic manufacturing facilities were calculated by the
“scaling up” method as described in EPA emission inventory guidance (US EPA, 2001a). This
method combines detailed emissions data from a subset of sources, and county-level
employment data from the US Census Bureau (2010) to develop a per-employee emission factor
that is then used to estimate emissions from all sources in an industry category. The most recent
data from the US Census Bureau’s County Business Patterns (CBP) for 2010 employment were
used. Where CBP employment estimates were presented as a range, the midpoint values were
chosen for these calculations. Table 3.3–14 shows the NAICS codes and employment data used
to calculate emissions from rubber and plastic manufacturing facilities.
Table 3.3–14. County-level employment estimates for rubber and plastic product manufacturing, by NAICS
code.
NAICS
Estimated
code
NAICS description (and employment range)
employment
325211
Plastics material and resin manufacturing (0–19)
10
325991
Custom compounding of purchased resins (100–249)
175
326140
Polystyrene foam product manufacturing
164
326199
All other plastics product manufacturing
3,027
326212
Tire retreading
135
326299
All other rubber product manufacturing
92
332313
Plate work manufacturing
151
336413
Other aircraft parts and aux. equipment manufacturing
2,086
337920
Blind and shade manufacturing (250–499)
375
339115
Ophthalmic goods manufacturing
97
423830
Industrial machinery & equip. merchant wholesalers
2,634
423930
Recyclable material merchant wholesalers
1,268
441310
Automotive parts and accessories stores
3,392
441320
Tire dealers
2,095
Total
15,701

Some facilities in this category are considered point sources and have been addressed in Chapter
2. To avoid double-counting, employment at point sources is subtracted from total employment.
Daily emissions are calculated in the same method as annual emissions, only using surveyed
daily emissions instead of annual totals. Annual and typical daily emissions for the PM10
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nonattainment area were calculated by multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals by the
percentage of industrial employment within the nonattainment area. See Section 1.5.1 for a
discussion of the employment data used.
Table 3.3–15 summarizes annual and typical daily emissions from rubber/plastic products
manufacturing in both Maricopa County and the PM10 nonattainment area.
Table 3.3–15. Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source rubber/plastic product manufacturing.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic Area
PM10
PM2.5
PM10
PM2.5
Maricopa County
218.58
164.33
1,478.5
1,083.8
PM10 NAA
218.49
164.26
1,478.0
1,083.3

3.3.8

Fabricated metal products manufacturing

Emissions from fabricated metal products manufacturing were calculated by the “scaling up”
method as described in EPA emission inventory guidance (US EPA, 2001a). This method
combines detailed emissions data from a subset of sources and county-level employment data
from the US Census Bureau (2012) to develop a per-employee emission factor that is then used
to estimate emissions from all sources in an industry category.
The most recent data from the US Census Bureau’s County Business Patterns (CBP) for 2010
employment were used. CBP employment data for NAICS code 332 (fabricated metal products
manufacturing) indicated that there were 13,735 employees in this industry in Maricopa County.
Since there were no point sources in this category, an area-source employment estimate of
13,735 was used to “scale up” emissions reported from those facilities surveyed in 2011.
Typical daily emissions are calculated in the same method as annual emissions, only using
surveyed daily emissions instead of annual totals. Annual and typical daily emissions for the
PM10 nonattainment area were calculated by multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals by
the percentage of industrial employment within the nonattainment area. See Section 1.5.1 for a
discussion of the employment data used.
Table 3.3–16 summarizes annual and typical daily emissions from fabricated metal products
manufacturing in both Maricopa County and the PM10 nonattainment area.
Table 3.3–16. Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source fabricated metal products
manufacturing.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
PM10
PM2.5
PM10
PM2.5
Geographic Area
Maricopa County
25.87
22.97
181.2
160.4
PM10 NAA
25.86
22.96
181.2
160.3

3.3.9 Construction
Maricopa County’s air quality permits database was used to identify all dust control permits
issued during 2011. A total of 2,265 permits were issued, comprising a total of 26,273 acres
(Table 3.3–17). Data requested on each dust control permit application includes the project type
and acreage. It was assumed there is no unpermitted earthmoving activity.

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Table 3.3–17. Maricopa County dust control permits issued in 2011, by project type.
Project type
Total Acres
Residential (single-family)
4,891.3
Residential (multi-family)
1,630.4
Commercial
6,902.4
Road construction
3,718.0
Trenching
740.1
Demolition
6,690.9
Weed control
86.8
Site preparation / land development
1,594.0
Temporary storage yard
19.0
Total:
26,273.0

The Western Regional Air Partnership’s (WRAP) Fugitive Dust Handbook (WRAP, 2006a)
provides different emission factors for residential (single-family houses and apartment buildings), nonresidential, road, and general construction. MCAQD used the WRAP-suggested
emission factors except for the following activities:


The WRAP Fugitive Dust Handbook recommended using 0.42 ton PM10/acre-month for road
construction to account for the large amount of dirt moved during the construction of roadways. However, both the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) and the
Clark County Department of Air Quality and Environmental Management have estimated
that a certain percentage of their road construction projects do not involve large-scale earthmoving activities, and thus have developed average emission factors for road construction
projects (0.1895 ton PM10/acre-month and 0.265 ton PM10/acre-month, respectively). Since
Maricopa County and Clark County have similar population growth rates, climatic conditions, and PM10 sources, MCAQD used the Clark County road construction emission factor
of 0.265 tons/acre-month to estimate emissions from road construction projects (Clark
County, 2001).



Specific emission factors were not available in the WRAP Fugitive Dust Handbook for
trenching, demolition, weed control, and temporary storage yard activities; thus, the general
construction emission factor of 0.11 tons PM10/acre-month was used to estimate emissions
from these activities.

Information was not readily available regarding the breakout of residential construction activity
between single-family and multi-family residential construction; thus, acreage for residential
construction was allocated based on single-family and multi-family household percentages. See
Section 1.5.1 for single-family and multi-family household percentages used.
Estimates for the duration of house and apartment construction were obtained from EIIP
guidance (US EPA, 2002). Estimates for the duration of nonresidential construction and road
construction were obtained from the WRAP Fugitive Dust Handbook (WRAP, 2006a). No
estimates for the duration of trenching, demolition, weed control, site prep/land development,
and temporary storage yard activities were available; thus, MCAQD assumed the following:




1-month duration for trenching, demolition, and weed control.
8-month duration for site prep/land development activities (weighted average of residential
and commercial duration) because the duration depends on the project type and size.
12-month duration for temporary storage yard activities because these activities are
frequently associated with road construction.

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The average duration of construction activity and emission factors for each project type are
shown below in Table 3.3–18.
Table 3.3–18. Average project duration and emission factor, by project type.
Average Duration
Emission factor
Project Type
(months)
(tons PM10/acre-month)
Residential: single-family
6
0.032
Residential: multi-family
12
0.11
Commercial
11
0.19
Road construction
12
0.265
Trenching
1
0.11
Demolition
1
0.11
Weed control
1
0.11
Site prep / land development
8
0.11
Temporary storage yard
12
0.11

County-wide annual uncontrolled PM10 emissions for each construction category were then
calculated as follows:
Annual uncontrolled = total acres/yr × no. months × emission factor
PM10 emissions

As in prior years, a control efficiency of 90% was applied to the uncontrolled emissions calculations. This factor is in line with values applied in a number of earlier state implementation plan
documents for Maricopa and Clark Counties, including:

Revised MAG 1999 Serious Area Particulate Plan for PM10 (Appendices volume two, page
V-9, and vol. four), Feb. 2000.

Revised MAG 1999 Serious Area Particulate Plan for PM10, (Appendix C, Exhibit 3:
Evaluation for Compliance with 24-Hour PM10 Standard for West Chandler and Gilbert
Microscale Sites, Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, June 1999, pp. 3-5 and 39), Feb. 2000.

“Evaluation of Fugitive Dust Control in the Maricopa Co. PM10 Nonattainment Area”, report
by ENSR in: Final Plan for Attainment of the 24-hour PM10 Standard, ADEQ, May 1997,
Appendix B.

Clark Co. PM10 State Implementation Plan, June 2001, pg. L-5. (An 87% emission reduction
percentage is assumed for watering at construction activities.)

the MAG 2012 Five Percent Plan for PM10 for the Maricopa County Nonattainment Area
(MAG, 2012).
A 2010 rule effectiveness study by Maricopa County (contained in Appendix B) indicated a
94.0% compliance rate with Maricopa County Rule 310 on dust control at construction sites.
Thus, an overall control effectiveness of 84.6% (= 90% × 94.0%) was applied. Controlled PM10
emissions were calculated as follows:
Annual controlled
PM10 emissions

= Uncontrolled PM10 emissions (tons/yr) × [1 – (control efficiency × rule effectiveness)]

PM2.5 emissions were estimated to comprise 10% of PM10 emissions (WRAP, 2006a). Table
3.3–19 summarizes the calculations for each dust control permit category.

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Table 3.3–19. Annual emissions from construction in Maricopa County, by project type.
Annual Emissions (tons/yr)
Total acreEmission factor Uncontrolled Controlled Controlled
Project Type
months
(tons/acre-month)
PM10
PM10
PM2.5
Residential: single-family
29,348.0
0.032
939.13
144.63
14.46
Residential: multi-unit
19,565.3
0.11
2,152.18
331.44
33.14
Commercial
75,926.7
0.19
14,426.08
2,221.62
222.16
Road construction
44,616.5
0.265
11,823.37
1,820.80
182.08
Trenching
740.1
0.11
81.41
12.54
1.25
Demolition
6,690.9
0.11
736.00
113.34
11.33
Weed control
86.8
0.11
9.55
1.47
0.15
Site prep/land development
12,752.0
0.11
1,402.72
216.02
21.60
Temporary storage yard
227.5
0.11
25.03
3.85
0.39
Total:
31,595.48
4,865.70
486.57

Dust control permit site location data were used to determine construction activity that occurred
in the Maricopa County PM10 nonattainment area. The same average duration of construction
activity and emission factors used to estimate Maricopa County emissions (see Table 3.3–18)
were applied to construction activity in the Maricopa County PM10 nonattainment area. Table
3.3–20 summarizes Maricopa County PM10 nonattainment area construction activity and
emissions for each project type.
Table 3.3–20. Annual emissions from construction within the Maricopa County portion of the PM10
nonattainment area, by project type.
Annual Emissions (tons/yr)
Total acreEmission factor Uncontrolled Controlled Controlled
Project Type
months
(tons/acre-month)
PM10
PM10
PM2.5
Residential: single-family
29,333.4
0.032
938.67
144.55
14.46
Residential: multi-unit
19,555.6
0.11
2,151.11
331.27
33.13
Commercial
44,684.0
0.19
8,489.96
1,307.45
130.75
Road construction
39,689.5
0.265
10,517.73
1,619.73
161.97
Trenching
668.4
0.11
73.52
11.32
1.13
Demolition
3,488.8
0.11
383.76
59.10
5.91
Weed control
86.8
0.11
9.55
1.47
0.15
Site prep/land development
9,898.3
0.11
1,088.82
167.68
16.77
Temporary storage yard
220.0
0.11
24.20
3.73
0.37
Total:
23,677.31
3,646.31
364.63

In addition, the Pinal County Air Quality Department (PCAQD) provided construction emission
estimates for the Pinal County portion of the PM10 nonattainment area. The PCAQD estimates
(presented in Table 3.3–21 below) incorporated the same assumptions concerning relevant input
variables such as the average duration of construction activity, emission factors and control
efficiency. PCAQD assumed an 83% rule effectiveness.
Table 3.3–21. Annual emissions from construction in the Pinal Co. portion of the PM10 NAA, by project type.
Annual Emissions (tons/yr)
Project Type
PM10
PM2.5
Residential: single-family
1.24
0.12
Residential: multi-family
0.00
0.00
Commercial
35.64
3.56
Road construction
0.00
0.00
Trenching
0.02
0.00
Temporary storage yard
0.33
0.03
Total:
37.23
3.72

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To calculate typical daily emissions from construction activity, it was assumed that construction
activity typically occurs 6 days per week and remains relatively even throughout the year. Thus,
typical daily emissions were calculated by dividing annual emissions for each category by 312
(= 6 days/wk × 52 wks/yr). Table 3.3–22 provides a summary of construction emissions for
Maricopa County and the PM10 nonattainment area.
Table 3.3–22. Annual and typical daily emissions from construction in Maricopa County and the PM10 NAA.

Construction Type
Residential
Commercial
Road construction
All other*
Total:

Maricopa County
Annual emissions
Typical daily
(tons/yr)
emissions (lbs/day)
PM10
PM2.5
PM10
PM2.5
476.06
47.61
3,051.7
305.2
2,221.62
222.16
14,241.1
1,424.1
1,820.8
182.08
11,671.8
1,167.2
347.22
34.72
2,225.8
222.6
4,865.70
486.57
31,190.4
3,119.0

PM10 NAA
Annual emissions
Typical daily emissions
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
PM10
PM2.5
PM10
PM2.5
477.1
47.71
3,058.1
305.8
1,343.1
134.31
8,609.6
861.0
1,619.7
161.97
10,382.9
1,038.3
243.6
24.36
1,561.8
156.2
3,683.54
368.35
23,612.4
2,361.2

*Includes: trenching, demolition, weed control, site prep/land development, and temporary storage yard.

3.3.10 Electrical equipment manufacturing
Annual and typical daily emissions from electric equipment manufacturing were derived from
annual emissions reports submitted by permitted sources. It was assumed that there were no
significant unpermitted sources within Maricopa County and all electrical equipment manufacturing permitted sources are reported here as area-sources.
As all facilities addressed in this source category are located within the PM10 nonattainment area,
emission totals for both areas are equal. Annual and typical daily emissions are shown in Table
3.3–23.
Table 3.3–23. Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source electric equipment manufacturing.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
Maricopa County
7.66
5.00
23.47
0.28
9.63
42.7
28.0
129.0
1.6
52.9
PM10 NAA
7.66
5.00
23.47
0.28
9.63
42.7
28.0
129.0
1.6
52.9

3.3.11 Paved/unpaved road travel on industrial sites
This section addresses emissions from travel on paved and unpaved roads within the boundaries
of a permitted facility. Emissions from motor vehicle travel on public and private roads is
addressed in Chapter 5, Mobile Sources, and road travel emissions from facilities considered
point sources are addressed in Chapter 2, Point Sources. PM10 emissions from this source
category were derived from annual emissions reports from permitted sources, using AP-42
equations based on vehicle size and average speed (US EPA, 1997; 1998b). It is assumed that
there are no unpermitted sources with significant emissions from on-site road travel.
PM2.5 emissions were calculated from PM10 using a ratio derived from California Air Resources
Board’s (CARB) PM2.5 Fraction Table (CARB, 2006).
Typical daily emissions were calculated using operating schedule information for each reported
process (normally a 5- or 6-day week), which were then summed to provide total daily emissions

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for the county. Emissions totals for the PM10 nonattainment area were determined from the site
locations of each facility.
Table 3.3–24. Annual and typical daily emissions from paved and unpaved road travel at industrial facilities.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
PM10
PM2.5
PM10
PM2.5
Maricopa County
356.35
101.68
2,486.7
718.7
PM10 NAA
262.12
79.73
1,874.6
575.7

3.3.12 Industrial processes not elsewhere classified (NEC)
Annual area-source emissions from other industrial processes not elsewhere classified (NEC)
were derived primarily from annual emissions reports from permitted facilities. Other industrial
processes include a wide array of industrial activities that are often specific to the permitted
facility that reported the process. For this reason, it is assumed there are no significant emissions
from other industrial processes, other than those reported by permitted facilities on their annual
emissions reports. Typical daily emissions were calculated based on operating schedule information provided by individual facilities through MCAQD’s annual emissions reporting program.
Emissions estimates for the PM10 nonattainment area were derived using data on the location of
the facilities that report other industrial processes.
In addition, emissions from ADEQ-permitted sources are included in this category due to a lack
of specificity regarding the nature of the reported emissions. As a conservative estimate, all of
these emissions are assumed to occur within the PM10 nonattainment area. Estimates of total
emissions from this source category are presented in Table 3.3–25.
Table 3.3–25. Annual and typical daily emissions from industrial processes not elsewhere classified.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
Maricopa County
158.29
80.67
224.92 40.48 9.98
903.6
465.4 1,236.4 222.0 55.3
PM10 NAA
102.65
45.41
222.86 40.48 6.77
597.8
271.6 1,222.5 221.9 37.6

3.4

Waste treatment and disposal

3.4.1

On-site incineration

This section includes emissions from on-site industrial incinerators, primarily burn-off ovens
used to reclaim electric wire or other materials. Emissions from human and animal crematories
are addressed in Section 3.5.7. There were no incinerators at residential (e.g., apartment
complexes) or commercial/institutional facilities (e.g., hospitals, service establishments) in
operation during 2011.
Emissions from on-site incineration were determined from annual emission inventory reports. It
was assumed that all incinerator emissions are accounted for, since all permitted incinerators
received surveys in 2011. All surveyed facilities are located within the PM10 nonattainment area,
thus total emissions for the county and NAA are equal.
Table 3.4–1.

Annual and typical daily emissions from on-site incineration.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
Maricopa County
0.62
0.41
3.31
1.05
4.1
2.7
21.4
6.8
PM10 NAA
0.62
0.41
3.31
1.05
4.1
2.7
21.4
6.8

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3.4.2

Open burning: Land clearing debris

Emissions from controlled open burning are regulated by Maricopa County Air Pollution Control
Regulations Rule 314 (Open Outdoor Fires and Indoor Fireplaces at Commercial and Institutional Establishments), which requires a burn permit for open burning in Maricopa County. Burn
permits are issued primarily for purposes of agricultural ditch bank and fence row burning,
tumbleweed burning, land clearance, and fire fighting training. Maricopa County’s burn permit
database was used to identify all burn permits issued during 2011. A total of 57 permits were
issued during the year. The quantity and reported activity for the open burn permits (except for
firefighting burn permits) are shown in Table 3.4–2.
Table 3.4–2.

Maricopa County burn permit activity in 2011.
Number of
Unit of
Category
permits
measure
Annual ditchbank & fencerow
41
Linear Feet
Land clearance
4
Acres
Fire hazard
1
Acres

Total reported
activity
1,967,795
14
2

Emissions from land clearance and fire hazard open burning are addressed in this section
whereas ditchbank and fencerow burning are addressed in Section 3.5.2.5.
The above activity data for land clearance and fire hazard were converted to tons of material
burned using fuel loading factor for “weeds, unspecified” from AP-42, Table 2.5–5 (US EPA,
1992). The emission and loading factors used are shown in Table 3.4–3.
Table 3.4–3.

Emission and fuel loading factors for land clearance and fire hazard open burning.
Emission factors (lbs/ton burned)
Fuel loading factor
(tons/acre)
Category
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
Weeds, unspecified
15
15
4
N/A
N/A
3.2

Activity data were multiplied by the 3.2 tons/acre fuel loading factor to derive the amount of
material burned.
Annual emissions were then calculated by multiplying the amount of material burned by the
emission factors for “weeds, unspecified” (shown in Table 3.4–3). Based on an analysis of
complaints received in 2011 reporting suspected open or illegal outside burning, emissions
estimates were multiplied by a factor of 2.87 to account for unpermitted illegal outdoor burning.
It was assumed that land clearance and fire hazard open burning occur 5 days per week (most
burn permits are issued for weekdays but permits may be issued on weekends depending on
circumstances) and year-round. Thus, typical daily emissions for Maricopa County were derived
by dividing annual emissions (lbs/yr) by 260 days (5 days/wk × 52 wks/yr).
Table 3.4–4 summarizes 2011 annual and typical daily emissions for Maricopa County from land
clearance and fire hazard open burning activity.

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Table 3.4–4. Annual and typical daily emissions from land clearance and fire hazard open burning in
Maricopa County.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
NOx
NOx
Category
Ton-equivalents
PM10
PM2.5
PM2.5
PM10
Land clearance
45.25
0.97
0.97
0.26
7.5
7.5
2.0
Fire hazard
6.4
0.14
0.14
0.04
1.1
1.1
0.3
Total:
51.65
1.11
1.11
0.30
8.6
8.6
2.3

Annual and typical daily emissions for the nonattainment area were calculated by multiplying the
percentage of vacant land use within the PM10 nonattainment area (19.67%) by the Maricopa
County emissions estimates. See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the land use data used. Table
3.4–5 summarizes annual and typical daily emissions for the PM10 nonattainment area.
Table 3.4–5.
PM10 NAA.

Annual and typical daily emissions from land clearance and fire hazard open burning in the

Category
Land clearance
Fire hazard
Total:

3.4.3

Annual emissions (tons/yr)
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
0.19
0.19
0.05
0.03
0.03
0.01
0.22
0.22
0.06

Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
1.5
1.5
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.1
1.7
1.7
0.4

Landfills

Emissions from municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills come from uncontrolled landfill gas
emissions as well as from cover operations and combustion from control measures, such as a
flare. Total emissions were calculated from annual emissions inventory reports from all landfills
located within the county; results are shown in Table 3.4–6 below. Northwest Regional Landfill
was considered a point source; all other MSW landfills are reported here as an area-source
activity.
Table 3.4–6.

Annual and typical daily emissions from landfills.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
Maricopa County
76.05
40.73
30.40
7.17
421.1
225.5
167.1
39.4
PM10 NAA
56.90
29.06
23.84
2.38
314.8
160.8
131.0
13.1

3.4.4

Publicly owned treatment works

Annual emissions from publicly owned treatment works (POTWs) within Maricopa County were
obtained from the US Environmental Protection Agency’s 2011 National Emission Inventory
(US EPA, 2012c). US EPA estimated 14.92 tons of ammonia was emitted from POTWs in
Maricopa County in 2011. There were no point sources in this category that needed to be
subtracted.
Typical daily emissions were calculated by dividing annual emissions by 365 days, as activity is
assumed to occur uniformly throughout the year.
Annual and typical daily emissions for the PM10 nonattainment area were calculated by
multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals by the percentage of total population in the
nonattainment area to the total population in the county (100.64%). See Section 1.5.1 for a
discussion of the population data used.
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Table 3.4–7.

Annual and typical daily NH3 emissions from publicly-owned treatment works.
Typical daily NH3
Annual NH3
emissions
emissions
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Geographic area
Maricopa County
14.92
81.7
PM10 NAA
15.01
82.3

3.4.5 Other waste
Annual area-source emissions from other industrial waste disposal were derived from annual
emissions reports from permitted facilities. Other industrial waste disposal processes include a
wide array of industrial activities that are often specific to the permitted facility that reported the
process. For this reason, it is assumed there are no significant emissions from this category,
other than those reported by permitted facilities on their annual emissions reports. Typical daily
emissions were calculated based on operating schedule information provided by the facilities in
their annual emissions report. Annual and typical daily emissions for the PM10 nonattainment
area were derived based on the location data of the individual facilities. Emission estimates are
shown in Table 3.4–8 below.
Table 3.4–8.

Annual and typical daily emissions from other industrial waste disposal.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
Maricopa County
26.71
14.44
22.19 63.53
169.6
85.6
121.9
349.0
PM10 NAA
25.58
13.64
21.59 56.39
163.4
81.2
118.6
309.8

3.5

Miscellaneous area sources

3.5.1

Windblown dust

Estimates of PM10 and PM2.5 emissions from windblown dust are developed using the supplylimited windblown dust emission scheme described in Appendix 4 of the 2008 PM10 Periodic
Emissions Inventory for the Maricopa County, Arizona, Nonattainment Area (MCAQD, 2011),
referred to hereafter as the 2008 methodology. Updates to the 2008 methodology include the use
of 2010 land use data, 2010 rule effectiveness rates, 2011 meteorological data, and 2011 PM10
concentration monitoring data.
The land use categories that are capable of producing windblown dust in Maricopa County and
the PM10 nonattainment area were defined in the 2008 methodology. Three additional categories
(commercial, industrial, and public/military) have been identified as sources of windblown dust
based upon work performed in the MAG 2012 Five Percent Plan for PM10 for the Maricopa
County Nonattainment Area (MAG, 2012). Since portions of these new land use categories
contain areas that are incapable of creating windblown dust emissions (e.g., permanent
structures, paved parking lots), only a percentage of the total area covered by these land use
categories is assumed to be capable of producing windblown dust. The average percentage of
area within the new land use categories that are capable of producing windblown dust ( 26% for
commercial, 24% for industrial, and 35% for public/military) is quantified through examination
of aerial photography of these land uses within the PM10 nonattainment area.

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Table 3.5–1 contains the amount of acreage in each land use category capable of producing
windblown dust within Maricopa County and the nonattainment area. Figure 3.5–1 displays the
location of land use categories that are capable of producing windblown dust within Maricopa
County and the nonattainment area.
Table 3.5–1. Maricopa County and PM10 NAA acreage totals within each land use category capable of
producing windblown dust.
Land use category
Maricopa County acreage
PM10 NAA acreage
Agriculture
276,589
117,432
Commercial
16,783
15,797
Developing
16,626
15,450
28,582
28,432
Industrial
40,808
28,571
Public/Military
Sand & Gravel/Mining
14,223
12,729
Vacant and Open Areas
3,884,396
808,916

Figure 3.5–1. Location of land use categories within Maricopa County capable of producing windblown dust.

The 2008 methodology established a five-minute average threshold friction velocity of 12 mph
(based upon a matched-pairs comparison of wind speed and concentration data) as the minimum
wind speed for the initiation of windblown dust from both the stable and disturbed portions of
each land use category. Additionally, the 2008 methodology developed vertical flux emission
factors for the stable and disturbed portions of each land use category by five-minute average
wind speed bins. The vertical flux emission factors are primarily based upon wind tunnel testing

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performed in southern Arizona with additional input from, and consideration of, wind tunnel
tests in the areas around Barstow, California and Las Vegas, Nevada.
As per the 2008 methodology, the amounts of stable and disturbed land in each land use category
are determined through the use of rule effectiveness rates. The 2010 rule effectiveness rates,
developed for use in the MAG 2012 Five Percent Plan (ibid.), have been carried forward to
represent 2011 conditions. Table 3.5–2 contains the PM10 vertical flux emission factors for the
stable and disturbed portions of each land use category, by wind speed bin.
Table 3.5–2. Vertical flux PM10 emission factors for the stable and disturbed portions of each land use
category, by wind speed bin.
PM10 emission factor
(tons/acre-5-minute)
Percent of
by wind speed bin (mph)
total land
Land use category
15–20
20–25
25–30
30–35
use category 12–15
Active Agriculture (crop activity present)
NA
NA – Calculated under different methodology
Inactive Agriculture – Stable
85%
1.10×10–5 2.93×10–5 7.68×10–5 1.64×10–4 3.10×10–4
Inactive Agriculture – Disturbed
15%
5.44×10–5 1.69×10–4 5.14×10–4 1.24×10–3 2.57×10–3
Commercial – Stable
96%
1.10×10–5 2.93×10–5 7.68×10–5 1.64×10–4 3.10×10–4
Commercial – Disturbed
4%
5.44×10–5 1.69×10–4 5.14×10–4 1.24×10–3 2.57×10–3
Developing – Stable
94%
1.10×10–5 2.93×10–5 7.68×10–5 1.64×10–4 3.10×10–4
Developing – Disturbed
6%
5.44×10–5 1.69×10–4 5.14×10–4 1.24×10–3 2.57×10–3
Industrial – Stable
96%
1.10×10–5 2.93×10–5 7.68×10–5 1.64×10–4 3.10×10–4
Industrial – Disturbed
4%
5.44×10–5 1.69×10–4 5.14×10–4 1.24×10–3 2.57×10–3
Public/Military – Stable
96%
1.10×10–5 2.93×10–5 7.68×10–5 1.64×10–4 3.10×10–4
Public/Military – Disturbed
4%
5.44×10–5 1.69×10–4 5.14×10–4 1.24×10–3 2.57×10–3
Sand & Gravel/Mining – Stable
73%
1.10×10–5 2.93×10–5 7.68×10–5 1.64×10–4 3.10×10–4
Sand & Gravel/Mining – Disturbed
27%
5.44×10–5 1.69×10–4 5.14×10–4 1.24×10–3 2.57×10–3
Vacant and Open Areas – Stable
96%
1.10×10–5 2.93×10–5 7.68×10–5 1.64×10–4 3.10×10–4
Vacant and Open Areas – Disturbed
4%
5.44×10–5 1.69×10–4 5.14×10–4 1.24×10–3 2.57×10–3

2011 calendar year wind speed data from 32 meteorological stations are gathered to produce
counts of five-minute average wind speeds, and then grouped into wind speed bins. Where
necessary, wind speed data are adjusted to account for differences in heights between
anemometers, grown to account for missing values, and interpolated from hourly averages to
produce five-minute averages through linear regression. Table 3.5–3 lists the resulting counts of
five-minute average wind speeds (by bin) for all meteorological stations in 2011.

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

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Table 3.5–3. Calendar year 2011 counts of hourly average wind speeds and actual/interpolated five-minute
average wind speeds, by meteorological station and wind speed bin.
Count of
Count of
Count of
Count of five-minute average wind
hourly
hourly
hourly
speeds by wind speed bin*
average
average
average
wind
wind
wind
12–15 15–20 20–25 25–30 30–35
speeds
speeds
speeds
Meteorological Station
mph
mph
mph
mph
mph
>12 mph
>15 mph
>18 mph
ADEQ Super Site
23
3
0
723
217
4
0
0
AZMET Aguila
742
254
86
6,222 3,032
482
83
8
AZMET Buckeye
392
135
44
3,545 1,698
256
42
4
AZMET Desert Ridge
229
69
12
2,298
957
130
11
1
AZMET Harquahala
686
334
140
5,794 3,929
635
135
12
AZMET Maricopa
415
134
56
3,721 1,686
254
54
5
AZMET Mesa
63
13
1
1,029
329
23
0
0
AZMET Paloma
487
205
68
4,272 2,483
389
65
6
AZMET Phoenix Encanto
71
6
0
1,090
251
10
0
0
AZMET Phoenix Greenway
90
10
5
1,235
296
18
4
1
AZMET Queen Creek
398
136
49
3,591 1,709
258
47
4
MCAQD Blue Point
204
48
8
2,360
713
118
15
0
MCAQD Buckeye
319
113
35
2,870 1,426
252
12
1
MCAQD Cave Creek
204
47
9
2,533
941
95
2
0
MCAQD Central Phoenix
169
28
4
2,048
626
38
3
0
MCAQD Durango Complex
156
42
12
1,941
657
88
1
0
MCAQD Dysart
221
62
11
2,530
996
110
2
0
MCAQD Falcon Field
163
55
12
2,100
798
139
31
7
MCAQD Fountain Hills
38
8
1
576
156
18
2
0
MCAQD Glendale
244
70
11
2,661 1,009
118
19
1
MCAQD Greenwood
49
9
0
851
210
10
1
0
MCAQD Higley
119
22
8
1,332
452
83
10
0
MCAQD Mesa
179
50
6
1,602
659
53
6
0
MCAQD Pinnacle Peak
208
27
0
2,708
624
15
0
0
MCAQD South Phoenix
47
7
1
516
173
12
2
0
MCAQD South Scottsdale
65
9
0
931
243
16
0
0
MCAQD Tempe
11
1
0
186
31
1
0
0
MCAQD West 43rd Avenue
259
75
17
2,625 1,141
119
7
1
MCAQD West Chandler
143
46
12
1,482
626
92
9
5
MCAQD West Phoenix
92
18
1
1,147
375
12
0
0
MCAQD Zuni Hills
697
266
85
5,397 3,085
497
91
8
PCAQCD Apache Junction
419
141
32
3,752 1,765
267
30
3
*Shaded cells denote interpolated values.

Per the 2008 methodology, GIS is used to assign the five-minute average wind speed counts in
Table 3.5–3 to individual parcels within the land use categories listed in Table 3.5–1. Prestandardized emissions1 are then calculated for those windblown dust-producing parcels using
the emission factors in Table 3.5–2, with the exception of parcels in the active agricultural land
use category (i.e., fields growing crops, neither fallow or abandoned). Windblown dust from the
active agricultural land use category is calculated using a U.S. Department of Agriculture
(USDA) soil erodibility formula (in US EPA, 1974) as explained in the 2008 methodology.
Calendar year 2011 harvested acres by crop type (cf. Section 3.5.2) serves as a surrogate for
determining the amount of acreage in the active agricultural land use category within Maricopa
County. The USDA formula is applied to each crop type acreage to generate annual 2011
1

Pre-standardized emissions are windblown dust emissions that have not been adjusted to scale with observed ratios
of PM10 monitoring concentrations under high wind conditions. See the 2008 methodology for an expanded
explanation of pre-standardized emissions.
2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

44

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windblown dust emissions. Per the 2008 methodology, a control factor is then applied to the
USDA-generated emissions to account for the benefits of the State of Arizona Agricultural Best
Management Practices (BMP) program.
To account for the dust-mitigating effects of precipitation, pre-standardized emissions have been
reduced by 8.49% (31 days of precipitation in 2011 in Maricopa County) per the 2008
methodology. 2011 annual pre-standardized PM10 windblown dust emissions from all applicable
land use categories are listed in Table 3.5–4 for Maricopa County and the PM10 nonattainment
area.
Table 3.5–4. Pre-standardized PM10 emissions from windblown dust in Maricopa County and the PM10
NAA in 2011.
Annual PM10 emissions (tons/yr)
Maricopa County
PM10 NAA
Land use category
Active Agriculture
3,244.67
1,393.91
Inactive Agriculture
17,252.86
3,735.75
Commercial
288.03
245.48
Developing
1,916.75
1,759.87
318.83
312.03
Industrial
1,379.71
790.77
Public/Military
2,469.54
2,034.94
Sand & Gravel/Mining
Vacant and Open Areas
628,821.95
73,591.03
Total:
655,692.33
83,863.79

Pre-standardized windblown dust emission estimates are the product of maximum windblown
dust emission rates. These pre-standardized emissions are based upon wind tunnel-produced
vertical flux emission factors that do not incorporate many of the supply limitations to
windblown dust production that exist in Maricopa County, and thus over-estimate windblown
dust emissions. As per the 2008 methodology, correction for this bias in the pre-standardized
emissions is accomplished through a sensitivity analysis that utilizes the percentage of 2011
monitored PM10 concentrations under high wind conditions to scale pre-standardized emissions.
Table 3.5–5 shows the percentages of 2011 PM10 concentrations associated with five-minute
average wind speeds greater than or equal to 12 mph at the 11 monitors in Maricopa County that
simultaneously record five-minute average wind speed and PM10 concentration.
Table 3.5–5. Percentages of 2011 PM10 concentrations associated with five-minute average wind speeds
greater than or equal to12 mph at 11 Maricopa County monitors.
Sum of all 5-min
Percent PM10
Sum of 5-min PM10
concentrations when 5concentrations
PM10
concentrations
min winds ≥ 12mph
associated with 5-min
Monitoring Station
(µg/m3)
(µg/m3)
winds ≥ 12 mph
Buckeye
559,048
4,741,856
11.79%
Central Phoenix
405,430
4,037,151
10.04%
Durango Complex
519,556
4,926,122
10.55%
Dysart
314,003
3,001,412
10.46%
Glendale
372,872
3,389,605
11.00%
Greenwood
284,082
4,142,587
6.86%
Higley
438,988
3,824,581
11.48%
South Phoenix
321,578
4,720,122
6.81%
643,082
5,181,888
12.41%
West 43rd Avenue
West Chandler
729,467
3,287,402
22.19%
Zuni Hills
558,431
2,756,840
20.26%
All Monitors
5,146,537
44,009,566
11.69%
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Table 3.5–5 shows that as a weighted average of the monitoring stations, about 12% of PM10
concentrations are associated with five-minute average wind speeds greater than or equal to 12
mph. As such, pre-standardized emission estimates are scaled to represent 12% of the total
annual 2011 emissions inventory for PM10 for Maricopa County and the nonattainment area.
Annual 2011 PM10 emissions from sources other than windblown dust total 56,397.20 tons for
Maricopa County and 35,101.46 tons for the PM10 nonattainment area. After applying this
scaling technique, PM10 emissions from windblown dust for Maricopa County and the
nonattainment area are thus standardized to 7,690.53 and 4,786.56 tons, respectively.2
Standardized estimates of annual and daily PM10 and PM2.5 emissions for Maricopa County and
the PM10 nonattainment area are shown in Tables 3.5–6 and 3.5–7. Typical daily emissions are
obtained by dividing annual emissions by 365, the number of days in calendar year 2011. As per
WRAP guidance, PM2.5 emissions are assumed to be 15% of PM10 emissions (WGA, 2006).
Table 3.5–6. Standardized, 2011 annual and typical daily PM10 and PM2.5 emissions from windblown dust in
Maricopa County, by land use category.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
PM10
PM2.5
PM10
PM2.5
Land use category
Active Agriculture
88.96
13.34
487.4
73.1
Inactive Agriculture
281.86
42.28
1,544.5
231.7
Commercial
14.23
2.13
78.0
11.7
Developing
101.24
15.19
554.8
83.2
Industrial
17.84
2.68
97.8
14.7
Public/Military
48.12
7.22
263.7
39.6
Sand & Gravel/Mining
118.35
17.75
648.5
97.3
Vacant and Open Areas
7,019.92
1,052.99
38,465.3
5,769.8
Total:
7,690.52
1,153.58
42,140.0
6,321.1

Table 3.5–7. Standardized, 2011 annual and typical daily PM10 and PM2.5 emissions from windblown dust in
the PM10 NAA, by land use category.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Land use category
PM10
PM2.5
PM10
PM2.5
Active Agriculture
79.56
11.93
435.9
65.4
Inactive Agriculture
213.22
31.98
1,168.3
175.2
Commercial
14.01
2.10
76.8
11.5
Developing
100.45
15.07
550.4
82.6
Industrial
17.81
2.67
97.6
14.6
Public/Military
45.13
6.77
247.3
37.1
Sand & Gravel/Mining
116.15
17.42
636.4
95.5
Vacant and Open Areas
4,200.24
630.04
23,015.0
3,452.3
Total:
4,786.57
717.98
26,227.7
3,934.2

3.5.2 Agricultural activities
3.5.2.1 Cotton ginning
Annual emissions from cotton ginning were derived from annual emissions reports from all
permitted cotton gins in the county. Typical daily emissions were calculated based on the
operating schedule data reported by surveyed facilities. Annual and typical daily emissions for
the PM10 nonattainment area were derived based on the location data of the individual facilities.
2

(56,397.20 tons ÷ (1 – 12%)) – 56,397.20 = 7,690.53 tons; (35,101.46 ÷ (1 – 12%)) – 35,101.46 = 4,786.56 tons.

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

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Table 3.5–8 summarizes annual and typical daily emissions from cotton gins in both Maricopa
County and the PM10 nonattainment area.
Table 3.5–8.

Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source cotton ginning.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
PM10
PM2.5
PM10
PM2.5
Maricopa County
45.02
12.86
263.8
75.4
PM10 NAA
9.68
2.77
53.2
15.2

3.5.2.2 Tilling
Tilling emissions were estimated using the tillage emission factor equation and Maricopa County
specific soil silt content for agricultural land (URS and ERG, 2001). Planted acres for upland
cotton, wheat, and alfalfa were obtained from the 2011 Arizona Agricultural Statistics Bulletin
(AASS, 2012). Planted acres for pima cotton, corn, other hay, potatoes, sorghum for grain,
vegetables, and citrus were estimated by multiplying the 2011 statewide harvested acres for each
crop by the 2007 Maricopa County percentage (USDA, 2012) as described in Section 3.5.2.3 of
this report. Crop-specific annual land preparation operations data were obtained from the
Technical Support Document for Quantification of Agricultural Best Management Practices
(URS and ERG, 2001). The agricultural tillage emission factor was calculated as follows:
EF = k (4.8) s0.6
where:
EF = Agricultural emission tillage factor (lbs PM10/acre-pass)
k = Particle size multiplier (value of 0.21 for PM10) [US EPA, 2012c]
s = Silt content of soil (%) = 35.2% (URS and ERG, 2001)
Thus: EF = 0.21  4.8  (35.2)0.6
= 8.54 lbs PM10/acre-pass
Annual PM10 emissions from agricultural tillage were calculated for each crop category using the
following equation (URS and ERG, 2001):
TillageCrop = EF  APCrop  ACrop

where:
TillageCrop
EF
APCrop
ACrop

=
=
=
=

Annual PM10 emissions from tilling each crop type (lbs)
Tillage emission factor (lbs PM10/acre-pass)
Number of tillage passes per crop (passes)
Total number of tilled acres for each crop type (acres)

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

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Table 3.5–9 lists crop types and acreage; typical number of land preparation operations and acrepasses; and annual uncontrolled PM10 emissions from agricultural tillage for Maricopa County.
Table 3.5–9.

2008 crop acreage, activity, and annual uncontrolled PM10 emissions in Maricopa County.
No. of land
Annual unAcres
preparation
controlled PM10
Crop
Planted
operations/yr
Acre-passes
emissions (tons/yr)
Cotton
48,900
8.8
430,671
1,838.66
Corn
8,611
7.3
63,033
269.10
Wheat
10,700
3.1
32,797
140.02
Barley
15,000
2.1
30,975
132.24
Alfalfa (stand establishment)1
21,192
5.1
107,017
456.89
Potatoes
1,241
10.6
13,124
56.03
Sorghum for grain
8,477
3.1
25,983
110.93
Vegetables2
12,881
14.0
180,238
769.49
Citrus3
314
5.0
1,570
6.70
3,780.06
Total:

1. Alfalfa is a multi-year crop and alfalfa stand establishment is assumed to occur once every 4 years to approximately 25% of
the total alfalfa acreage (URS and ERG, 2001).
2. Includes melons, excludes potatoes.
3. 15 to 20% of citrus orchard acreage is non-bearing in a given year (URS and ERG, 2001); therefore, tillage is assumed to
occur in 20% of the reported harvested acreage.

In November 2007, the agricultural PM10 general permit (Arizona Administrative Code R18-2610 and R18-2-611) was expanded to apply to commercial farming practices within the
Maricopa County portion of Area A. The agricultural PM10 general permit revisions also
resulted in the requirement for commercial farmers to implement six agricultural best
management practices (BMP) (up from 3 BMPs) to control PM10 emissions generated from
tillage and harvest, non-cropland, and cropland. Because no data is available on the additional
BMPs being implemented, MCAQD used the net control efficiencies from the implementation of
agricultural BMPs developed by URS and ERG (2001) in the Technical Support Document for
Quantification of Agricultural BMPs.
URS and ERG quantified three BMPs for tillage: 1) combining tractor operations, 2) limited
activity during high-wind events, and 3) multi-year crops. URS and ERG (2001) derived net
control efficiencies by multiplying mid-point BMP control efficiency by a compliance factor and
a relevancy factor for applicable crops. MCAQD has used the same mid-point BMP control
efficiency and relevancy factor with a revised compliance factor of 55% (from 80%). The
revised compliance factor was derived in 2008 (MCAQD, 2011) based on latest EPA rule
effectiveness guidance which eliminates use of the 80% default rule effectiveness value (US
EPA, 2005). MCAQD used the 2008 compliance factor (55%) for 2011 because there had been
no changes in the Agricultural BMP program as of 2011.
To estimate controlled tillage emissions from agricultural operations taking place within the
Maricopa County portion of Area A, the mid-point net control efficiency for each BMP (see
Table 3.5–10) was applied to 58.24% (the percent of agricultural land in the Maricopa County
portion of Area A) (M. Poppen, MAG, pers. commun., Nov. 20, 2012) of the uncontrolled
annual emissions as follows:

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

48

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Controlled annual
= Annual uncontrolled
PM10 emissions
tillageCrop emissions

× (100% – mid-point net
control efficiencycrop)

Controlled annual
= 1,838.66 tons PM10/yr × (100% – 22.8%)
tillageCotton emissions
= 826 tons PM10/yr

× % agricultural land
in the Area A
× 58.24%

The uncontrolled portion of tillage emissions from agricultural operations taking place outside
Area A but within Maricopa County were estimated by multiplying the uncontrolled annual
PM10 emissions by the percentage of agricultural land located within Maricopa County but
outside of Area A (100% – 58.24%).
The total controlled and uncontrolled annual emissions were then summed to estimate total
annual PM10 emissions from agricultural tilling in Maricopa County.
Annual PM2.5 emissions from agricultural tilling were calculated by multiplying the annual PM10
emissions by a conversion factor of 0.15 (WRAP, 2006b). Annual PM10 and PM2.5 emissions
from agricultural tilling in Maricopa County and Area A are shown in Table 3.5–10.
Table 3.5–10. Annual emissions from agricultural tilling in Maricopa County and Area A.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Net
Outside
control
Within Area A
Area A
efficiency
(controlled)
(uncontrolled) Total, Maricopa Co.
Crop
(%)
PM10
PM2.5
PM10
PM10
PM2.5
Cotton
22.8%
826.29 123.94
1,070.92
1,594.02
239.10
Corn
22.8%
120.93
18.14
156.74
233.30
34.99
Wheat
22.8%
62.92
9.44
81.56
121.39
18.21
Barley
22.8%
59.43
8.91
77.02
114.65
17.20
Alfalfa (stand establishment)
13.8%
229.39
34.41
266.11
420.16
63.02
Potatoes
16.8%
25.18
3.78
32.63
48.58
7.29
Sorghum for grain
22.8%
49.85
7.48
64.61
96.17
14.43
Vegetables
16.8%
372.67
55.90
448.19
693.97
104.10
Citrus
16.8%
3.25
0.49
3.90
6.04
0.91
Total:
1,749.91 262.49
2,201.69
3,328.28
499.24

Annual PM10 emissions from agricultural tilling in the PM10 nonattainment were calculated in
the same manner as the annual PM10 emissions for the Maricopa County portion of Area A; the
only difference being the percent of agricultural land located within the Maricopa County PM10
nonattainment area is 42.96% (rather than 58.24% for Area A). Results are shown in Table 3.5–
11.
Table 3.5–11. Annual emissions from agricultural tillage in the PM10 NAA.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
PM10 NAA
Crop
PM10
PM2.5
Cotton
609.41
91.41
Corn
89.19
13.38
Wheat
46.41
6.96
Barley
43.83
6.57
Alfalfa (stand establishment)
169.18
25.38
Potatoes
20.01
3.00
Sorghum for grain
36.77
5.52
Vegetables
274.85
41.23
Citrus
2.39
0.36
Total:
1,292.04
193.81
2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

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Typical daily emissions for Maricopa County, Area A, and the PM10 nonattainment area were
calculated by dividing the annual emissions by estimated days per year of tillage operation by
crop. The number of days of tillage operations was estimated using the calendar of tillage
operations by crop in the Technical Support Document for Quantification of Agricultural BMPs
(URS and ERG, 2001) and assuming tillage activities occur 7 days per week during the months
of tillage operations. Results are shown in Table 3.5–12. The calendar of tillage operations did
not include months of tillage operations for citrus, thus, a conservative estimate of three (3)
months per year was assumed.
Table 3.5–12. Typical daily emissions from tilling in Maricopa County, Area A. and the PM10 NAA.
Tillage
operations1
(months/yr)
12
5
8
8
3
6
8
6
3

Tillage
operations
(days/yr)
364
152
243
243
91
182
243
182
91

Crop
Cotton
Corn
Wheat
Barley
Alfalfa2
Potatoes
Sorghum for grain
Vegetables
Citrus
Total:
1
Source: URS and ERG (2001), Table 3-2, p. 3-5.
2
Stand establishment.

Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Maricopa County
Area A
PM10
8,758.4
3,076.5
1,000.5
944.9
9,234.4
533.8
792.6
7,626.0
132.9
32,099.9

PM2.5
1,313.8
461.5
150.1
141.7
1,385.2
80.1
118.9
1,143.9
19.9
4,815.0

PM10
4,540.0
1,594.7
518.6
489.8
5,041.5
276.7
410.9
4,095.3
71.3
17,038.9

PM2.5
681.0
239.2
77.8
73.5
756.2
41.5
61.6
614.3
10.7
2,555.8

PM10 NAA

PM10
3,348.4
1,176.2
382.5
361.2
3,718.2
219.9
303.0
3,020.3
52.6
12,582.4

PM2.5
502.3
176.4
57.4
54.2
557.7
33.0
45.5
453.1
7.9
1,887.4

3.5.2.3 Harvesting
Harvesting emissions were estimated using crop-specific emission factors (CARB, 2003).
Harvested acres for upland cotton, durum wheat, and alfalfa were obtained from the 2011
Arizona Agricultural Statistics Bulletin (AASS, 2012). Harvested acres for barley were obtained
from the 2010 Arizona Agricultural Statistics Bulletin (AASS, 2011). Harvested acres for all
other crops were estimated by multiplying the 2011 statewide harvested acres for each crop by
the 2007 Maricopa County percentage (USDA, 2012). For example, in 2011, 6,000 acres of
sorghum for grain were harvested in Arizona. In 2007, 14.3% of sorghum for grain was
harvested in Maricopa County. Thus, 857 acres were estimated to have been harvested in
Maricopa County in 2011 (6,000 acres × 14.3%). Table 3.5–13 lists the crop types, acres
harvested and associated PM10 emission factors used to calculate emissions from agricultural
harvesting.

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Table 3.5–13. Maricopa County harvested acres, PM10 emission factors, and uncontrolled PM10 emissions
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
PM10 emission
2011
Maricopa County
Crop
factor (lb/acre-yr)
Acreage
(uncontrolled) PM10
Upland Cotton
3.4
47,500
80.75
Pima Cotton
3.4
900
1.53
Wheat
5.8
10,700
31.03
Barley
5.8
15,000
43.50
Alfalfa Hay
0.0
80,000
0.00
Other Hay
1.68
4,766
4.00
Corn for grain
1.68
606
0.51
Corn for silage
0.17
8,005
0.68
Sorghum1
5.8
8,477
24.58
Potatoes
2.7
1,241
1.68
Vegetables2
0.08
12,881
0.52
Citrus
0.08
1,570
0.06
Total
191,647
188.84
1
2

Assumed same emission factor, control efficiency, and number of harvest days per year as wheat and barley.
Includes melons, excludes potatoes.

Uncontrolled annual PM10 emissions from agricultural harvesting were calculated by multiplying
the crop specific emission factor by the number of harvested acres for each crop type.
In November 2007, the agricultural PM10 general permit program (Arizona Administrative Code
R18-2-610 and 611) was expanded to apply to commercial farming practices within the Maricopa County portion of Area A. The agricultural PM10 general permit revisions also resulted in
the requirement for commercial farmers to implement six agricultural best management practices
(BMP) (up from 3 BMPs) to control PM10 emissions generated from tillage and harvest, noncropland, and cropland. Because no data is available on the additional BMPs being
implemented, MCAQD used the net control efficiencies from the implementation of agricultural
BMPs developed by URS and ERG (2001) in the Technical Support Document for
Quantification of Agricultural BMPs.
URS and ERG quantified two BMPs for harvesting: 1) combining tractor operations, and 2)
reduced harvest activity. URS and ERG (2001) derived net control efficiencies by multiplying
mid-point BMP control efficiency by a compliance factor and a relevancy factor for applicable
crops. MCAQD used the same mid-point BMP control efficiency and relevancy factor with a
revised compliance factor of 55% (from 80%). The revised compliance factor was derived in
2008 (MCAQD, 2011) based on EPA rule effectiveness guidance which eliminates use of the
80% default rule effectiveness value (US EPA, 2005). MCAQD used the 2008 compliance
factor (55%) for 2011 because there had been no changes in the Agricultural BMP program as of
2011.
To estimate controlled harvesting emissions from agricultural operations taking place within the
Maricopa County portion of Area A, the mid-point net control efficiency for each BMP (43%
and 50%, respectively) were applied to 58.24% (the percent of agricultural land in the Maricopa
County portion of Area A) (M. Poppen, MAG, pers. commun., Nov. 20, 2012) of the
uncontrolled annual emissions as follows:

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51

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Controlled annual
harvestCrop emissions

= annual uncontrolled
PM10 emissions

Controlled annual
HarvestUpland cotton emissions
from within the Maricopa = 80.75 tons PM10/yr
Co. portion of Area A
= 35.03 tons PM10/yr

× (100% – mid-point net × % agricultural land
control efficiencycrop)
in the Maricopa Co.
portion of Area A
 (100% – 25.5%)

× 58.24%

The uncontrolled portion of harvest emissions from agricultural operations outside the Maricopa
County portion of Area A but within Maricopa County were estimated by multiplying the
uncontrolled annual PM10 emissions by the percent of agricultural land located within Maricopa
County but outside of the Area A (100% – 58.24%).
The total controlled and uncontrolled annual emissions were then summed to estimate total
annual PM10 emissions from agricultural harvesting in Maricopa County
Annual PM2.5 emissions from agricultural harvesting were calculated by multiplying the annual
PM10 emissions by a conversion factor of 0.15 (WRAP, 2006c). Annual PM10 and PM2.5
emissions from harvesting in Maricopa Co. and Area A are shown in Table 3.5–14.
Table 3.5–14. Annual emissions from harvesting in Maricopa County and Area A.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Outside
Net control
Maricopa Co.
Area A
Area A
efficiency
(uncontrolled)
(controlled)
(uncontrolled)
Crop
(%)
PM10
PM10
PM2.5
PM10
Upland Cotton
25.5%
80.75
35.03
5.25
33.72
Pima Cotton
25.5%
1.53
0.66
0.10
0.64
Wheat
23.5%
31.03
13.83
2.08
12.96
Barley
23.5%
43.50
19.39
2.91
18.16
Alfalfa Hay
27.6%
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Other Hay
27.6%
4.00
1.69
0.25
1.67
Corn for grain
23.5%
0.51
0.23
0.03
0.21
Corn for silage
23.5%
0.68
0.30
0.05
0.28
Sorghum1
23.5%
24.58
10.96
1.64
10.26
Potatoes
23.5%
1.68
0.75
0.11
0.70
Vegetables2
23.5%
0.52
0.23
0.03
0.22
Citrus
23.5%
0.06
0.03
0.00
0.03
Total
188.84
83.10
12.46
78.85
1
2

Maricopa Co. (Area
A + outside Area A)
PM10
PM2.5
68.74
10.31
1.30
0.20
26.79
4.02
37.56
5.63
0.00
0.00
3.36
0.50
0.44
0.07
0.59
0.09
21.22
3.18
1.45
0.22
0.44
0.07
0.05
0.01
161.95
24.29

Assumed same emission factor, control efficiency, and number of harvest days per year as wheat and barley.
Includes melons, excludes potatoes.

Annual PM10 emissions from agricultural harvesting in the PM10 NAA were calculated in the
same manner as the annual PM10 emissions for the Maricopa County portion of Area A. The
only difference being the percent of agricultural land located within the Maricopa County PM10
NAA is 42.96% (rather than 58.24% for Area A). Results are shown in Table 3.5–15.

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Table 3.5–15. Annual emissions from harvesting in the PM10 NAA
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
PM10 NAA
Crop
PM10
PM2.5
`Upland Cotton
25.83
3.88
Pima Cotton
0.49
0.07
Wheat
10.20
1.53
Barley
14.30
2.15
Alfalfa Hay
0.00
0.00
Other Hay
1.25
0.19
Corn for grain
0.17
0.03
Corn for silage
0.22
0.03
Sorghum1
8.08
1.21
Potatoes
0.55
0.08
Vegetables2
0.17
0.03
Citrus
0.02
0.00
Total
61.29
9.19
1
2

Assumed same emission factor, control efficiency, and number of harvest days per year as wheat and barley.
Includes melons, excludes potatoes.

Typical daily emissions for Maricopa County, Area A, and the PM10 nonattainment area were
calculated by dividing the annual emissions by the number of harvest days per year and
multiplying the result by 2000 lbs/ton (URS and ERG, 2001). Because acres harvested were not
reported for individual vegetables and citrus fruit, an average number of harvest days per year
were used for vegetables and citrus (116 and 188 harvest days per year, respectively). Results
are shown in Table 3.5–16.
Table 3.5–16. Typical daily emissions from harvesting in Maricopa County, Area A. and the PM10 NAA.
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Area A
PM10 NAA
Harvest Maricopa County
Crop
days/yr
PM10
PM2.5
PM10
PM2.5
PM10
PM2.5
Upland Cotton
143
961.4
144.2
489.9
73.5
361.3
54.2
Pima Cotton
143
18.2
2.7
9.3
1.4
6.8
1.0
Wheat
60
893.0
133.9
461.1
69.2
340.1
51.0
Barley
60
1,251.9
187.8
646.4
97.0
476.8
71.5
Alfalfa Hay
294
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Other Hay
294
22.9
3.4
11.5
1.7
8.5
1.3
Corn for grain
91
9.7
1.4
5.0
0.7
3.7
0.6
Corn for silage
91
12.9
1.9
6.7
1.0
4.9
0.7
Sorghum1
60
707.5
106.1
365.3
54.8
269.5
40.4
Potatoes
70
41.3
6.2
21.3
3.2
15.7
2.4
Vegetables2
116
7.6
1.1
3.9
0.6
2.9
0.4
Citrus
188
0.6
0.1
0.3
0.0
0.2
0.0
Total
3,927.0
589.0 2,020.7
303.1
1,490.4
223.6
1
2

Assumed same emission factor, control efficiency, and number of harvest days per year as wheat and barley.
Includes melons, excludes potatoes.

3.5.2.4 Travel on unpaved agricultural roads
Resuspended PM10 emissions from travel on unpaved agricultural roads were estimated using an
unpaved road emission factor derived from AP-42 13.2.2 (US EPA, 2006). The unpaved road
emission factor equation is shown below:

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Unpaved road emission factor (lb/VMT) = k (s/12)a (W/3)b
where:
s = surface material silt content
W = mean vehicle weight (tons)
k = 1.5 (PM10 constant; US EPA, 2006)
a = 0.9 (PM10 constant; US EPA, 2006)
b = 0.45 (PM10 constant; US EPA, 2006)
Unpaved road emission factor (lb/VMT)

=
=

11.90% (MAG, 2000)
2.80 (URS and ERG, 2001)

=
=

1.5 (11.9/12)0.9 (2.8/3)0.45
1.444 lb/VMT

Emissions were estimated using farm vehicle activity data obtained from the Technical Support
Document for Quantification of Agricultural Best Management Practices (URS and ERG, 2001)
which estimated average daily vehicle miles traveled per 1,000 acres to be 49.5 vehicle miles
traveled (VMT).
Typical daily emissions from travel on unpaved agricultural roads were derived by multiplying
2011 harvested acres (191,647 acres) by 49.5VMT per 1,000 acres and then multiplying the
result by 1.444 lbs per VMT emission factor.
In November 2007, the agricultural PM10 general permit (Arizona Administrative Codes R18-2610 and 611) was expanded to apply to commercial farming practices within the Maricopa
County portion of Area A. The agricultural PM10 general permit revisions also resulted in the
requirement for commercial farmers to implement six agricultural best management practices
(BMP) (up from 3 BMPs) to control PM10 emissions generated from tillage and harvest, noncropland, and cropland. Because no data is available on the additional BMPs being
implemented, MCAQD used the net control efficiencies from the implementation of agricultural
BMPs developed by URS and ERG (2001) in the Technical Support Document for
Quantification of Agricultural BMPs.
URS and ERG quantified two BMPs for unpaved road travel: 1) access restriction and 2)
reduced vehicle speed. URS and ERG (2001) derived net control efficiencies by multiplying
mid-point BMP control efficiency by a compliance factor and a relevancy factor for applicable
crops. MCAQD used the same mid-point BMP control efficiency and relevancy factor with a
revised compliance factor of 55% (from 80%). The revised compliance factor was derived in
2008 (MCAQD, 2011) based on EPA rule effectiveness guidance which eliminated the use of the
80% default rule effectiveness value (US EPA, 2005). MCAQD used the 2008 compliance
factor (55%) for 2011 because there had been no changes in the Agricultural BMP program as of
2011.
To estimate controlled typical daily emissions from travel on unpaved agricultural roads within
Area A, the mid-point net control efficiency for each BMP (12.0% = 0.4% + 11.6 %,
respectively) was applied to 58.24% (the percent of agricultural land in Area A) (M. Poppen,
MAG, pers. commun., Nov. 20, 2012) of the uncontrolled typical daily PM10 emissions as
follows:

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54

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Controlled daily
unpaved ag road
emissions within
Area A

= Daily uncontrolled
PM10 emissions

× (100%-mid-point net
control efficiency)

× % agricultural land
in Area A

= 13,698 lbs/day

× (100% – 12.0%)

× 58.24%

= 7,020 lbs/day

The uncontrolled portion of unpaved agricultural road typical daily emissions outside the
Maricopa County portion of Area A but within Maricopa County were estimated by multiplying
uncontrolled typical daily PM10 emissions by the percent of agricultural land located within
Maricopa County but outside of Area A (100% – 58.24%) as follows:
Uncontrolled daily unpaved ag
road emissions from outside
of Area A

= Uncontrolled PM10 emissions × (100% - 58.24%)
= 13,698 lbs/day × 41.76%
= 5,720 lbs/day

Total controlled and uncontrolled typical daily emissions were then summed to estimate total
typical daily PM10 emissions from travel on unpaved agricultural roads in Maricopa County as
follows:
Total daily unpaved
= Uncontrolled daily
ag road emissions for
unpaved ag road emissions
Maricopa County from outside Area A
= 5,720
= 12,740 lbs PM10/day

+

Controlled daily
unpaved ag road emissions
from within Area A

+

7,020.

Typical daily PM10 emissions from unpaved agricultural roads in the PM10 NAA were calculated
in the same manner as the typical daily PM10 emissions for the Maricopa County portion of Area
A. The only difference being the percent of agricultural land located within the Maricopa
County PM10 NAA is 42.96% (rather than 58.24% for Area A). Results are shown in Table 3.5–
17.
Annual emissions for Maricopa County, Area A and the PM10 NAA were calculated by multiplying typical daily emission estimates (in tons) by 312 (=6 days per week × 52 weeks per year).
Annual and typical daily PM2.5 emissions from travel on unpaved agricultural roads were
calculated by multiplying the annual and typical daily PM10 emissions by a conversion factor of
0.10 (WRAP, 2006d).
Table 3.5–17. Annual and typical daily emissions from travel on unpaved agricultural roads.
Annual emissions
Typical daily emissions
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
PM10
PM2.5
PM10
PM2.5
Geographic area
Maricopa County (Area A + outside Area A)
1,987.45
198.75
12,740.1
1,274.0
Area A (controlled)
1,095.19
109.52
7,020.5
702.0
PM10 NAA (controlled)
807.79
80.78
5,178.1
517.8

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3.5.2.5 Agricultural field burning
Agricultural ditch bank and fence row burning is captured in this report as agricultural field
burning. Agricultural ditch bank and fence row burning is regulated by Maricopa County Air
Pollution Control Regulations Rule 314 (Open Outdoor Fires and Indoor Fireplaces at
Commercial and Institutional Establishments), which requires a burn permit for open burning in
Maricopa County. A total of 41 permits were issued during the year for ditch bank and fence
row burning. The permit data indicated 1,967,795 linear feet of ditch bank and fence rows were
burned in 2011.
To calculate the amount of material burned, MCAQD assumed that ditch banks and fence rows
in Maricopa County average 7 feet in width and are burned twice per year, based on previous
Maricopa County emission inventory (MCESD, 1999).
MCAQD estimated 632.44 acres burned [(1,967,795 linear ft. × 7 ft. × 2) ÷ 43,560 ft/acre].
Acres burned were then converted to tons of material burned using a 3.2 tons/acre fuel loading
factor for open burning of “weeds, unspecified” from AP-42, Table 2.5–5 (US EPA, 1992). This
resulted in an estimated 2,023.81 ton of material burned.
Annual emissions were then calculated by multiplying the amount of material burned by AP-42
emission factors, shown in Table 3.5–18 below, for open burning of “weeds, unspecified”.
Table 3.5–18. Emission and fuel loading factors for open burning of “weeds, unspecified”.
Emission factors (lbs/ton burned)
Category
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
Weeds, unspecified
15
15
4
N/A
N/A

Based on an analysis of 2011 complaints received reporting suspected open or illegal outside
burning, emissions estimates were multiplied by a factor of 2.87 to account for unpermitted
illegal outdoor burning.
It was assumed that ditch bank and fence row burning occurs 5 days per week and ditch bank and
fence row burning is not allowed during the CO season (November through January). Therefore,
typical daily emissions were calculated by dividing annual emissions (in lbs) by 195 (5 days/wk
× 39 wks/yr).
Annual and typical daily emissions for the nonattainment area were calculated by multiplying the
percentage of agricultural land use within the PM10 nonattainment area (42.96%) by the
Maricopa County emissions estimates. See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the land use data
used.
Table 3.5–19 summarizes annual and typical daily emissions from agricultural field burning (i.e.
ditch bank and fence row burning) for Maricopa County and the PM10 nonattainment area.
Table 3.5–19. Annual and typical daily emissions from agricultural field (ditch bank and fence row) burning.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Category
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
Maricopa County
43.56
43.56 11.62
446.8
446.8
119.1
PM10 NAA
18.71
18.71
4.99
191.9
191.9
51.2

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3.5.2.6 Fertilizer application
Annual NH3 emissions from synthetic nitrogen fertilizers for Maricopa County were obtained
from the US Environmental Protection Agency’s 2011 National Emissions Inventory (US EPA,
2012c).
Typical daily NH3 emissions were derived by dividing annual emissions by 365 days/year.
Annual and typical daily emissions for the PM10 nonattainment area were derived by multiplying
the county annual and typical daily emissions by the percentage of agricultural land located in
the PM10 nonattainment (42.96%). See Section 1.5.2 for a discussion of the land use data used.
Annual and typical daily NH3 emissions from fertilizer application are shown in Table 3.5–20.
Table 3.5–20. Annual and typical daily emissions from fertilizer application.
Maricopa County
PM10 NAA
Annual NH3
Typical daily
Annual NH3
Typical daily
emissions
emissions
NH3 emissions
NH3 emissions
Fertilizer Category
(tons/year)
(lbs/day)
(lbs/day)
(tons/year)
Anhydrous ammonia
19.47
106.7
8.36
45.8
Aqueous ammonia
0.12
0.7
0.05
0.3
Nitrogen solutions
573.42
3,142.0
246.33
1,349.7
Urea
393.12
2,154.1
168.87
925.3
Ammonium nitrate
1.64
9.0
0.70
3.9
Ammonium sulfate
181.74
995.8
78.07
427.8
Ammonium thiosulfate
2.57
14.1
1.10
6.0
N-P-K (multi-grade nutrient fertilizers)
5.61
30.8
2.41
13.2
Calcium ammonium nitrate
3.15
17.3
1.35
7.4
Potassium nitrate
0.83
4.6
0.36
2.0
Diammonium phosphate
–
–
–
–
Monoammonium phosphate
9.40
51.5
4.04
22.1
Liquid ammonium polyphosphate
11.22
61.5
4.82
26.4
Miscellaneous fertilizers
573.21
3,140.9
246.23
1,349.2
Total:
1,775.51
9,728.8
762.71
4,179.2

3.5.2.7 Livestock
Annual NH3 emissions from livestock for Maricopa County were obtained from the US
Environmental Protection Agency’s 2011 National Emissions Inventory (US EPA, 2012c). EPA
estimated 8,301,600 kg of NH3 was emitted from livestock in Maricopa County in 2011. This
was converted to tons assuming 907.18474 kg/ton. Therefore, it was estimated that 9,150.95
tons of NH3 were emitted from livestock in Maricopa County in 2011.
EPA did not estimate PM from livestock; therefore, PM emissions were grown from 2008 based
on the percentage change in NH3 emissions from 2008 to 2011 (4.52%; see Table 3.5–21).
Thus, 2011 PM emissions were estimated by applying the same 4.52% decrease to 2008 PM
emissions as shown in Table 3.5–22.
Table 3.5–21. 2008 and 2011 annual NH3 emissions from livestock in Maricopa County.
Maricopa Co.
2008
2011
Percentage change
NH3 emissions
9,583.89
9,150.95
–4.52 %

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Table 3.5–22. 2008 and 2011 annual PM emissions from livestock in Maricopa County.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Year
PM10
PM2.5
2008
455.80
50.14
2011
435.21
47.87

It was assumed that livestock emissions occur evenly throughout the year. Typical daily NH3
and PM emissions were derived by dividing annual emissions by 365 days/year.
Assuming the same percentage (57.3%) of confined animal feeding operations (CAFO) and
animal numbers in the nonattainment area as in 2008, annual and typical daily emissions for the
nonattainment area were calculated by multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals by
57.3%. Annual and typical daily emissions from livestock are shown in Table 3.5–23.
Table 3.5–23. Annual and typical daily emissions from livestock.
Typical daily NH3 emissions (lbs/day)
Annual NH3 emissions (tons/yr)
Geographic area
PM10
PM2.5
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NH3
Maricopa County
435.21
47.87
9,150.95
2,384.7
262.3
50,142.2
PM10 NAA
249.37
27.43
5,243.49
1,366.4
150.3
28,731.5

3.5.3 Humans
A literature review by Battye et al. (1994) recommended using a per-capita emission factor
developed for the National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program (NAPAP) inventory in 1985.
This factor was applied to MAG population estimates for the county and PM10 nonattainment
areas. See Section 1.5 for a discussion of the population data used. Typical daily emissions
were calculated by dividing annual values by 365. The resulting estimates are shown in Table
3.5–24.
Table 3.5–24. Annual and typical daily emissions from human activity.
Emission factor
Annual NH3
Geographic Area
Population
(lbs/person-yr) emissions (tons/yr)
Maricopa County
4,129,649
0.55
1,135.65
PM10 NAA
4,156,105
0.55
1,142.93

Typical daily NH3
emissions (lbs/day)
6,222.8
6,262.6

3.5.4 Structure fires
Structure fire emissions for Maricopa County were grown from 2008 based on county population
growth from 2008 to 2011. Population data was provided by MAG and is shown in Table
3.5−25.
Table 3.5–25. Maricopa County Population Growth 2008 to 2011.
Percentage
2008
2011
change
Maricopa Co. Total Population
4,279,760
4,129,646
–3.51%

Table 3.5–26 shows 2008 annual emissions from structure fires for the county and annual
emissions grown to 2011.

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Table 3.5–26. 2008 and 2011 annual emissions from structure fires in Maricopa County
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Year
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
2008
15.04
15.04
1.95
2011
14.51
14.51
1.88

Annual emissions for the PM10 nonattainment area were derived by multiplying annual county
emissions by the percentage of total residential population within the nonattainment area
(100.64%). See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the population data used.
Typical daily emissions for both Maricopa County and the nonattainment area were derived by
dividing the annual emissions (in lbs) by 365, as activity was assumed to take place 7 days a
week.
Table 3.5–27. Annual and typical daily emissions from structure fires.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
Maricopa County
14.51
14.51
1.88
79.5
79.5
10.3
PM10 NAA
14.61
14.61
1.89
80.0
80.0
10.4

3.5.5 Aircraft engine testing
Annual emissions from area-source engine testing facilities were derived from annual emissions
reports from permitted sources that were not considered point sources in this inventory. It was
assumed that there were no significant unpermitted sources within Maricopa County. Typical
daily emissions were calculated based on operating schedule information provided in the
facilities’ annual emissions reports.
Since all facilities considered in this section are located within the PM10 nonattainment area, total
emission values for the county and the PM10 NAA are equal. Results are shown in Table 3.5–28.
Table 3.5–28. Annual and typical daily emissions from engine testing.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
Maricopa County
2.39
2.38
46.36
9.98
13.2
13.2
259.3
56.6
PM10 NAA
2.39
2.38
46.36
9.98
13.2
13.2
259.3
56.6

3.5.6

Vehicle fires

Vehicle fire emissions for Maricopa County were grown from 2008 based on county population
growth from 2008 to 2011. The population data was provided by MAG and is shown in Table
3.5−29.
Table 3.5–29. Maricopa County population growth 2008 to 2011.
Percentage
2008
2011
change
Maricopa Co. Total Population
4,279,760 4,129,646
–3.51%

Table 3.5–30 shows 2008 annual emissions from structure fires for the county and annual
emissions grown to 2011.
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Table 3.5–30. 2008 and 2011 annual emissions from vehicle fires in Maricopa County.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Year
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
2008
30.04
30.04
1.20
2011
28.98
28.98
1.16

Annual emissions for the PM10 nonattainment area were derived by multiplying annual county
emissions by the percentage of total residential population within the nonattainment area
(100.64%). See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the population data used.
It was assumed that vehicle fires occur evenly throughout the year. Thus, typical daily emissions
for both Maricopa County and the nonattainment area were derived by dividing the annual
emissions (in lbs) by 365, as activity was assumed to take place 7 days a week.
Table 3.5–31. Annual and typical daily emissions from vehicle fires.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
Maricopa County
28.98
28.98
1.16
158.8
158.8
6.4
PM10 NAA
29.17
29.17
1.17
159.8
159.8
6.4

3.5.7 Crematories
Emissions from human and animal crematories were calculated by the “scaling up” method as
described in EPA emission inventory guidance (US EPA, 2001a). This method combines
detailed emissions data from a subset of sources and county-level employment data from the US
Census Bureau (2012) to develop a per-employee emission factor that is then used to estimate
emissions from all sources in an industry category.
The most recent data from the US Census Bureau’s County Business Patterns (CBP) for 2010
employment were used. Table 3.5–32 shows the NAICS code and employment data used to
calculate emissions from crematories.
Table 3.5–32. County-level employment estimate for crematories, by NAICS code.
NAICS
Estimated
code
NAICS description
employment
81222
Cemeteries and crematories
251

Since there were no point sources in this category, an area-source employment estimate was used
to “scale up” emissions reported from those facilities surveyed in 2011.
Typical daily emissions were calculated in the same method as annual emissions, only using
surveyed daily emissions instead of annual totals. Annual and typical daily emissions for the
PM10 nonattainment area were calculated by multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals by
the percentage industrial employment within the nonattainment area. See Section 1.5.1 for a
discussion of the employment data used.
Table 3.5–33 summarizes annual and typical daily emissions from crematories in both Maricopa
County and the PM10 nonattainment area.

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Table 3.5–33. Annual and typical daily emissions from area-source crematories.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
Maricopa County
3.08
2.82
11.19
1.77
23.9
21.8
88.5
13.9
PM10 NAA
3.08
2.82
11.19
1.77
23.9
21.8
88.4
13.9

3.5.8

Accidental releases

As part of its air quality permit compliance program, MCAQD keeps an “upset log” for each
calendar year that records excess emissions and accidental releases at permitted facilities.
Annual emissions inventory reports also provide for recording of accidental releases. For the
year 2011, there were no accidental releases.
Table 3.5–34. Annual and typical daily emissions from accidental releases.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
Maricopa County
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
PM10 NAA
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0

3.5.9 Wildfires
2011 Maricopa County wildfire data were obtained from the Arizona State Forestry Division
(ASFD) (G. Buettner, pers. commun., December 17, 2012); the National Wildfire Coordinating
Group (NWCG, 2012), and the US Fire Administration, National Fire Data Center (USFA,
2012).
The Arizona State Forestry Division (ASFD) provides for the prevention and suppression of
wildfires on state trust land and private lands located outside of incorporated communities. The
wildfire data provided by ASFD includes wildfires that occur outside of local fire districts and
municipalities on State, private, and U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) land. In 2011,
the ASFD reported 5 wildfires in Maricopa County, encompassing 15.2 acres.
Wildfire data provided by ASFD were compared to 2011 Incident Status Summary reports (ICS209) to identify wildfires that may have occurred outside of ASFD jurisdiction. ICS-209 reports
only include large wildfires, generally fires greater than 100 acres. ICS-209 reports showed 2
additional Maricopa County wildfires in 2011, encompassing 2,006 acres (NWCG, 2012).
Lastly, 2011 National Fire Incident Reporting System (NFIRS) data were obtained from the US
Fire Administration (USFA, 2012). NFIRS is a voluntary national reporting system used by fire
departments to report fires and other incidents to which they respond and to maintain records of
these incidents in a uniform manner. However, not all fire departments report to NFIRS and they
may not report all of their fire incidents. The 2011 NFIRS data was culled for wildland fires
greater than 1 acre that contained either latitude and longitude or township and range
information. Wildfire data for Arizona included 18 fires which met these criteria; however, only
2 of these fires were located within Maricopa County, encompassing 7 acres. The NFIRS data
was compared to the ASFD data to identify duplicates by comparing the incident dates and
locations. One NFIRS fire was excluded from the combined dataset because it may have been a
duplicate already captured in the ASFD data.
Table 3.5–35 summarizes fire data obtained from each data source.
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Table 3.5–35. Wildfire activity in Maricopa County in 2011, by data source.
Number of Fires
Total
Data Source
in 2011
Acreage
Arizona State Forestry Division
5
15.2
US Fire Administration NFIRS
1
1.5
National Wildfire Coordinating Group ICS-209
2
2006.0
Total:
8
2,022.7

The National Fire Danger Rating System (NFDRS) Fuel Model map in ArcGIS was used to
identify NFDRS fuel types for fires with latitude and longitude data. Fuel loading values
obtained from the Western Regional Air Partnership's (WRAP) 2002 Fire Emission Inventory
(WGA/WRAP, 2005). Table 3.5–36 shows the data categorized by NFDRS fuel model and the
applicable fuel loading factor.
Table 3.5–36. Wildfires by NFDRS fuel model category and fuel loading factor.
Number of
Total Acres
Fuel Loading
NFDRS Model Category
Fires in 2011
Burned
Factor (tons/acre)
Agriculture*
1
1.5
4.5
Barren*
1
0.1
0.75
Intermediate brush
4
2,019.5
15.0
Sagebrush grass
2
1.6
4.5
Total
8
2,022.70
* “Agriculture” and “barren” NFDRS model descriptions were not included in WGA/WRAP 2002 fuel loading values for NFDRS fuel model
categories. Therefore, it was assumed that “Agriculture” is similar to "sagebrush grass" and “Barren” is similar to “western grasses (annual) and
fuel loadings were assigned accordingly.

Estimates of the material burned were derived by multiplying the number of acres burned for
each category by the applicable fuel loading factor.
Latitude and longitude data were used to determine the number of acres burned inside of the
PM10 nonattainment area. Three wildfires occurred within the PM10 nonattainment area,
resulting in 15 acres burned. Table 3.5–37 shows the number of wildfires and acres burned
within both Maricopa County and the PM10 nonattainment area, as well as estimates of material
burned.
Table 3.5–37. Number of wildfires and acres/material burned in Maricopa County and the PM10 NAA.
Number of
Total Acres
Material
Geographic Area
Fires in 2011
Burned
Burned (tons)
Maricopa County
8
2,023
30,307
PM10 NAA
3
15
209

Annual emissions from wildfires for each geographic area were calculated by multiplying the
material burned for each area by the emission factors shown in Table 3.5–38. The emission
factors were obtained from the Western Regional Air Partnership's (WRAP) 2002 Fire Emission
Inventory (WGA/WRAP, 2005).
Table 3.5–38. Emission factors for wildfires & prescribed burning (lbs/ton).
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
WRAP Emission factors for wildfires and
prescribed broadcast burning
28.1
24.1
6.2

SOx

NH3

1.7

1.3

Source: WGA/WRAP, 2005

Annual emissions from wildfires for Maricopa County and the nonattainment area are shown in
Table 3.5–39.
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Table 3.5–39. Annual emissions from wildfires in Maricopa County and the PM10 NAA.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Geographic Area
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
Maricopa County
425.81
365.19
93.95
25.76
19.70
PM10 NAA
2.94
2.52
0.65
0.18
0.14

Typical daily emissions were estimated by dividing annual emissions by the number of burn days
in 2011. There were 36 burn days in Maricopa County and 5 burn days in the PM10
nonattainment area in 2011.
Table 3.5–40. Typical daily emissions from wildfires in Maricopa County and the PM10 NAA.
Number of
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Burn Days
Geographic Area
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
Maricopa County
36
23,655.9
20,288.5
5,219.5
1,431.1
1,094.4
PM10 NAA
5
1,176.0
1,008.6
259.5
71.1
54.4

3.5.10 Prescribed fires
Prescribed fire data were obtained from the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality
(ADEQ) (B. Busby, pers. commun., November 8, 2012). The ADEQ reported that fourteen
prescribed fires occurred in Maricopa County in 2011. Sixty-two acres of piled fuels were
burned. Three of the fourteen prescribed fires occurred inside the PM10 nonattainment area.
Because all 2011 prescribed fires were piled fuels, material burned was derived by multiplying
the number of acres burned by tons of piles per acre for each fire. Table 3.5–41 shows the data
provided by the ADEQ, the amount of material burned, and whether the fire occurred within the
PM10 nonattainment area.
Table 3.5–41. Prescribed fire activity in Maricopa County in 2011.

Date
01/05/2011
04/06/2011
04/13/2011
04/14/2011
04/19/2011
07/23/2011
08/10/2011
08/11/2011
08/16/2011
10/20/2011
11/08/2011
11/15/2011
11/16/2011
12/20/2011
Total

Burn
Number
TNF0301
TNF0301
TNF0106
TNF0106
TNF0301
TNF0611
TNF0301
TNF0301
TNF0301
TNF0301
TNF0301
TNF0106
TNF0106
TNF0301

Burn
Location
T7N,R8E,S36
T2N,R7E,S18
T6N,R7E,S33
T7N,R5E,S7
T3N,R8E,S27
T3N,R11E,S2
T3N,R8E,S27
T3N,R8E,S27
T3N,R8E,S25
T2N,R9E,S31
T2N,R9E,S31
T6N,R7E,S15
T7N,R6E,S1
T2N,R9E,S11

Tons Per
Acre
1
1
1
1
1
5
0.25
0.25
1
1
3
1
1
0.25

Treated
Acres
5
1
1
1
10
15
6
6
4
5
5
1
1
1
62

Material
Burned
(tons)
5
1
1
1
10
75
1.5
1.5
4
5
15
1
1
0.25
122.25

Within PM10
NAA?
N
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
N

Prescribed fire emission factors for “piled fuels” were obtained from the Western Regional Air
Partnership’s (WRAP) 2002 Fire Emission Inventory (WGA/WRAP, 2005). The emission
factors are shown below in Table 3.5–42.

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Table 3.5–42. Emission factors for prescribed fires.
Emission factors (lbs/ton burned)
Type of fire
PM10 PM2.5 NOx SOx NH3
Prescribed fire (piled fuels)
8.0
8.0
6.2 1.7 0.5

Annual emissions from prescribed fires in Maricopa County were derived by multiplying
material burned by the emission factor then dividing by 2000 lbs/ton.
It was assumed that each prescribed fire lasted one day. Thus, typical daily emissions from
prescribed fires were determined by dividing the annual emissions (in lbs) by the number of burn
days. Because fourteen prescribed fires occurred in Maricopa County in 2011, it was assumed
that there were 14 burn days in 2011.
Since the prescribed fire data provided by ADEQ (2012) included burn location, GIS was used to
determine the fires that burned inside the nonattainment area. Only three of the sixty-two acres
burned were within the PM10 nonattainment area. Thus, annual emissions from prescribed fires
for the PM10 nonattainment area were calculated by multiplying three acres burned by the
appropriate emission factors. Results are shown in Table 3.5–43 below.
Table 3.5–43. Annual and typical daily emission from prescribed fire in Maricopa County and the PM10 NAA.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emission (lbs/day)
Geographic Area
PM10 PM2.5
NOx
SOx NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx NH3
Maricopa County
0.49
0.49
0.38
0.10 0.03
69.9
69.9
54.1
14.8
4.4
PM10 NAA
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00 0.00
8.0
8.0
6.2
1.7
0.5

3.5.11 Unpaved parking lots fugitive dust
Fugitive dust emissions from vehicles traveling on unpaved parking lots were developed by
MAG based on land area devoted to unpaved parking lots, vehicle activity on unpaved parking
lots, and emission rates from AP-42 (US EPA, 2006). The methodology, assumptions and
calculations involved in estimating fugitive dust from vehicles traveling on unpaved parking lots
are described in this section.
The vehicle miles traveled on unpaved parking lots in the PM10 nonattainment area (NAA) were
derived using assumptions from the Phase I windblown dust modeling for the Western Regional
Air Partnership (ENVIRON, 2004). This study estimated that eight percent of the vacant land in
core urban areas is disturbed and thirty percent of the land under development is disturbed. For
the 2011 periodic emissions inventory, the core urban area is defined as the carbon monoxide
maintenance area. GIS was applied to 2010 MAG land use data to estimate that there are
162,702 acres of vacant land in the core urbanized area and 20,148 acres of land under
residential and non-residential development in the PM10 NAA. Multiplying the vacant disturbed
percentages by these land areas produces:
162,702 acres x 0.08 = 13,016 acres of vacant disturbed land in the urbanized core
20,148 acres x 0.30 = 6,044 acres of vacant disturbed land under development in the PM10 NAA

Summing the vacant disturbed acres in the urbanized core and areas under development produces
a total of 19,060 acres of vacant disturbed land in the PM10 NAA. In estimating fugitive dust
emissions from unpaved parking lots, the MAG Serious Area PM10 Plan assumed that 24 percent
of the disturbed vacant non-agricultural land is devoted to unpaved parking areas (MAG, 2000).
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Applying this percentage to the acres of vacant disturbed land results in 4,574 acres of unpaved
parking lots in the PM10 NAA.
The MAG Serious Area PM10 Plan also assumed that the average size of an unpaved parking lot
is 625 square meters (i.e., 0.154 acres), an average of ten vehicles travel on each lot per day, and
each vehicle travels an average distance of 0.031 miles on a lot. Multiplying 10 vehicles per day
times 0.031 miles per vehicle and dividing by 0.154 acres produces 2.0 vehicle miles of travel
(VMT) per acre per day. Multiplying 2.0 by 4,574 acres yields 9,148 VMT per day on unpaved
parking lots in the PM10 NAA.
The emission factors for unpaved parking lots were derived from the AP-42 equation for
unpaved industrial roads (US EPA, 2006), assuming a silt content of 11.9 percent and an average
vehicle weight of 3.18 tons. The resultant AP-42 emission factors are 1.365 pounds per mile for
PM10 and 0.137 pounds per mile for PM2.5.
These AP-42 emission factors were applied to the unpaved parking lot VMT of 9,148 to obtain
emissions in pounds per day. The pounds per day were converted to tons per year, assuming 365
days in 2011. The results for the PM10 NAA are shown in Table 3.5–44.
To estimate emissions for Maricopa County, GIS was applied to 2010 MAG land use data to
obtain 2,045,587 acres of vacant land in Maricopa County. Removing the vacant land in the
Maricopa County portion of the PM10 NAA (i.e., 396,054 acres) results in 1,649,533 vacant acres
located inside Maricopa County, but outside the PM10 NAA.
Assuming one percent of the vacant land outside the PM10 NAA is disturbed (Clark County,
2006) and 24 percent of the disturbed vacant land is unpaved parking areas (MAG, 2000), results
in 3,959 acres of unpaved parking areas inside Maricopa County, but outside the PM10 NAA.
Multiplying by 2.0 VMT per acre per day results in 7,918 VMT per day. Applying the AP-42
emission rates produces the unpaved parking lot emissions inside Maricopa County, but outside
the PM10 NAA of 10,808.1 pounds per day of PM10 and 1,084.8 pounds per day of PM2.5.
The final step in estimating Maricopa County emissions requires removing the Pinal County
portion of the PM10 NAA. The unpaved parking lot emissions in the Pinal County portion of the
PM10 NAA are assumed to be proportional to the acres of vacant land. These were derived using
GIS and 2010 MAG land use data, with the results shown below:
Vacant land in the Pinal County portion of the PM10 NAA = 6,278 acres
Vacant land in the PM10 NAA = 402,332 acres
Ratio = 6,278/402,332 = 1.6%; Pinal County portion = 1.6% x PM10 NAA emissions
Pinal County portion of PM10 emissions = 1.6% x 12,487.0 = 199.8 pounds per day
Pinal County portion of PM2.5 emissions = 1.6% x 1,253.3 = 20.1 pounds per day

Adding the emissions inside and outside the PM10 NAA and subtracting the Pinal County portion
produces total Maricopa County emissions attributable to vehicles traveling on unpaved parking
lots in pounds per day. Pounds per day are converted to tons per year, assuming 365 days in
2011. The resultant 2011 emissions for Maricopa County are shown in Table 3.5–44.

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Table 3.5–44 Annual and typical daily emissions from vehicles traveling on unpaved parking lots.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
PM10
PM2.5
PM10
PM2.5
Maricopa County
4,214.89
423.02
23,095.3
2,317.9
PM10 NAA
2,278.88
228.72
12,487.0
1,253.3

3.5.12 Leaf blower fugitive dust
Fugitive dust emissions from leaf blowers are the result of blowing loose material from the area
being cleared by the leaf blowers. Exhaust emissions from gasoline-powered leaf blowers are
covered under the Nonroad Mobile Sources section of this report (Chapter 4). Fugitive dust
emission estimates are developed with the use of three sources: EPA’s NONROAD model,
California Air Resources Board report to legislature on leaf blowers (CARB, 2000), and a recent
research effort done by the University of Riverside (Fitz et al., 2005).
EPA’s 2011NONROAD model was used to estimate the number of gasoline-powered leaf
blowers in Maricopa County (n = 115,920), along with the average activity figures for those leaf
blowers. Total leaf blower population estimates were derived from CARB (2000), which
estimated that 60% of all leaf blowers sold are electric. Thus assuming the remaining 40% are
gasoline-powered.
Fitz et al. (2005) developed emission factors for PM10 and PM2.5 fugitive dust emissions from
leaf blowers. For this report, the most conservative (highest) emission factors were chosen to
estimate emissions. Given these two data sources, Table 3.5–45 lists the equipment population
numbers, activity estimates and emission factors for leaf blowers in Maricopa County.
Table 3.5–45. Leaf blower equipment populations, activity levels and emission factors for Maricopa County.
Annual activity
PM10 emission
PM2.5 Emission
Leaf blower description
Population
(hrs/yr)
factors (mg/m2) factors (mg/m2)
Commercial 2-stroke gasoline
3,531
626
70
30
Commercial 4-stroke gasoline
1,731
626
70
30
Residential 2-stroke gasoline
105,190
10
70
30
Residential 4-stroke gasoline
5,468
10
70
30
Electric
173,880
10
130
40
n/a
n/a
n/a
Total:
289,800

CARB (2000) estimates that approximately 1600m2 of surface can be cleared in one hour of leaf
blower operation. Therefore, annual emission estimates were calculated by using the following
formula, as in this example for electric leaf blowers:
Annual PM10 emissions
= population × activity
from electric leaf blowers
(hrs/yr)
= 173,880

× 10 hrs/yr

× emission factor
(mg/m2)

× area covered
(m2/hr)

× 130 mg/m2

× 1600 m2/hr

= 361,670,400,000 mg/yr
= 398.32 tons PM10/yr

The activity hours associated with leaf blowers can occur at any time during the year in Maricopa County due to the temperate climate, with no substantial seasonal variation. Therefore,
typical daily emissions were estimated by dividing annual totals by 365 days per year. Emissions for the PM10 nonattainment area are allocated based on the ratio of population in the
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County to the nonattainment area. See Section 1.5 for a discussion on the population data used.
Table 3.5–46 lists annual and typical daily fugitive emissions from leaf blowers for Maricopa
County and the PM10 nonattainment area.
Table 3.5–46. Annual and typical daily emissions from leaf blower fugitive dust.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
PM10
PM2.5
PM10
PM2.5
Maricopa County
941.12
355.19
5,156.8
1,946.2
PM10 NAA
947.15
357.46
5,189.9
1,958.7

3.5.13 Offroad recreation vehicles fugitive dust
The EPA NONROAD2008a model estimates exhaust emissions for offroad recreational vehicles.
These emissions are included in the nonroad emissions category of the 2011 particulate
emissions inventory. Particulate emissions are also generated by recreational vehicles traveling
on unpaved surfaces. For the 2011 periodic inventory, these emissions were estimated by MAG
using mileage and activity data for offroad recreational vehicles in Maricopa County from the
NONROAD2008a model. The methodology and assumptions for calculating fugitive dust
emissions from offroad recreational vehicles traveling are described in this section.
The NONROAD2008a model provides annual mileage and activity data by county for all terrain
vehicles (ATVs) and offroad motorcycles (ORMs). The NONROAD2008a model also provides
annual operating hours and number of vehicles by county for specialty vehicles/carts (SVCs).
To convert operating hours to mileage, it was assumed that SVCs travel at an average speed of
10 miles per hour. This is consistent with the speed that vehicles travel on unpaved alleys in
Maricopa County (See Section 5.3.2). The annual mileage and number of vehicles by type for
Maricopa County in 2011 are shown in Table 3.5–47.
To be consistent with the 2008 Periodic Emissions Inventory for PM10 (MCAQD, 2011), it was
assumed that 75 percent of the annual travel by offroad recreational vehicles occurs on unpaved
surfaces inside Maricopa County, with the remaining 25 percent occurring on paved surfaces
within Maricopa County and paved and unpaved surfaces outside of Maricopa County. The
product of the mileage, number of vehicles, and 75 percent produces the annual vehicle miles of
travel (VMT) on unpaved surfaces, shown in Table 3.5–47. Dividing the annual VMT by 365
results in the 2011 typical daily offroad recreational vehicle travel on unpaved surfaces in
Maricopa County.
Table 3.5–47. 2011 offroad recreational vehicle travel on unpaved surfaces in Maricopa County.
Annual
Number of
2011 Annual
2011 Daily
Vehicle Type
Mileage
Vehicles
VMT
VMT
ATV
1,608
35,255
42,517,530
116,486
ORM
1,600
8,390
10,068,00
27,584
SVC (Non-Diesel)
650
1,755
855,563
2,344
SVC (Diesel)
4,350
161
525,263
1,439

The VMTs above were multiplied by emission factors for unpaved industrial roads from AP-42
(EPA, 2006), assuming a silt content of 11.9 percent and an average vehicle weight of one-half
of a ton. The resultant PM10 emission factor for ATVs and SVCs is 0.594 pounds per vehicle
mile traveled. This emission factor was reduced by 50 percent for ORMs (i.e., 0.297 pounds per
mile) to account for two wheels generating dust instead of four. Applying the AP-42 equation
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results in a PM2.5 emission factor for ATVs and SVCs of 0.059 pounds per mile, while the
comparable PM2.5 emission factor for ORMs is 0.0295 pounds per mile.
The AP-42 emission rates were multiplied by the annual and daily VMTs in Table 3.5–47 to
obtain Maricopa County fugitive dust emissions in pounds per day and tons per year. The results
are shown in Table 3.5–48.
The emissions for the PM10 nonattainment area were derived by applying geographic information
systems (GIS) to MAG 2010 land use data to obtain the acreage of vacant and passive open
space in the PM10 nonattainment area and Maricopa County. Passive open space includes open
desert, mountains, and washes. The detailed calculations for deriving the PM10 nonattainment
area emissions are shown below.
Vacant and Passive Open Space in the PM10 nonattainment area (NAA) = 831,316 acres
Vacant and Passive Open Space in Maricopa County = 4,660,457 acres
Ratio of Vacant and Passive Open Space in PM10 NAA to Maricopa County = 17.84%
PM10 NAA Emissions = 0.1784 × Maricopa County emissions

Application of the ratio above to Maricopa County emissions produces the annual and typical
daily emissions for the PM10 NAA shown in Table 3.5–48. The PM10 and PM2.5 emissions for
all offroad recreational vehicle types (i.e., ATVs, ORMs and SVCs) are summed in this table.
Table 3.5–48. Annual and typical daily emissions from offroad recreational vehicles.
Annual emissions
Typical daily
(tons/yr)
emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
PM10
PM2.5
PM10
PM2.5
Maricopa County
14,532.91 1,443.50 79,632.4
7,909.6
PM10 NAA
2,592.67
257.52 14,206.4
1,411.1

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3.6

Summary of all area sources

Tables 3.6–1 and 3.6–2 summarize annual and typical daily emissions from all area sources
addressed in this chapter, for both Maricopa County and the PM10 nonattainment area,
respectively.
Table 3.6–1.

Annual and typical daily emissions from all area sources in Maricopa County.

Source Category
Fuel combustion:
Industrial distillate oil: Boilers
Industrial distillate oil: Engines
Industrial natural gas
Comm./inst. distillate oil: Boilers
Comm./inst. distillate oil: Engines
Comm./inst. natural gas
Residential distillate oil
Residential natural gas
Residential LPG
Residential kerosene
Residential wood combustion
All Fuel Combustion
Industrial processes:
Chemical manufacturing
Commercial cooking
Grain handling/processing
Ammonia cold storage
Secondary metal production
Mineral processes
Mining/quarrying
Wood product mfg.
Rubber/plastic product mfg.
Fabricated metals
Residential construction
Commercial construction
Road construction
Construction, other
Electrical equipment mfg.
Industrial paved/unpaved road travel
Industrial processes, NEC
All Industrial Processes
Waste treatment/disposal:
On-site incineration
Open burning: Land clearing debris
Landfills
Publicly owned treatment works
Other waste
All Waste Treatment/ Disposal
Misc. area sources:
Windblown dust
Cotton ginning
Tilling
Harvesting
Travel on unpaved ag roads
Agricultural field burning

PM10
10.04
129.35
39.11
0.02
0.26
56.75
0.07
68.83
0.19
0.01
460.15
764.78

Annual emissions (tons/yr)
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
5.48
60.87
121.13 1,838.26
39.11 730.94
0.02
0.12
0.26
3.72
56.75 1,080.73
0.06
0.35
68.83 851.32
0.16
51.35
0.01
0.03
458.44
57.72
750.24 4,675.41

1.30
0.00
3.07
0.00
0.00
4.46
0.82
5.43
0.22
0.08
6.59
21.97

NH3

0.62
1.11
76.05

0.41
1.11
40.73

Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3

2.43
64.4
0.00
829.2
16.13
250.7
0.00
0.1
0.00
1.7
3.58
363.8
0.02
0.7
0.00
377.1
0.18
2.1
0.00
0.1
27.28 5,056.6
49.63 6,946.5

121.46
73.32
1,058.55 1,058.33
70.09
19.10
42.27
34.37
149.32
75.94
106.28
33.49
59.64
52.76
218.58 164.33
25.87
22.97
476.06
47.61
2,221.62 222.16
1,820.80 182.08
347.22
34.72
7.66
5.00
356.35 101.68
158.29
80.67
7,240.06 2,208.53

PM10

1,172.4
5,800.3
443.1
15.02

23.47
224.92
263.41

8.03

35.1
390.2
776.5 11,783.7
250.7 4,685.5
0.1
0.8
1.7
23.8
363.8 6,927.8
0.6
3.8
377.1 4,664.7
1.7
564.3
0.1
0.4
5,037.9
634.3
6,845.3 29,679.3

1,911.36
0.25

1.05
7.17

15.6
0.0
103.4
0.0
0.0
22.9
0.2
0.0
2.0
0.0
299.8
443.9

106.9

89.3

12,252.3
2.3

129.0

1.6

52.9

732.7
5,799.1
122.3

308.9
256.3
1,065.9
542.0
712.7
220.5
442.4
385.7
1,478.5 1,083.8
181.2
160.4
3,051.7
305.2
14,241.1 1,424.1
11,671.8 1,167.2
2,225.8
222.6
0.28
9.63
42.7
28.0
2,486.7
718.7
40.48
9.98
903.6
465.4
48.80 1,931.23 46,228.9 13,634.0

3.31
0.30
30.40

8.3
0.0
19.7
0.0
0.0
28.6
9.0
29.8
2.4
0.9
72.4
171.0

1,236.4
1,472.3

222.0
55.3
312.8 12,362.8

4.1
8.6
421.1

2.7
8.6
225.5

21.4
2.3
167.1

6.8
39.4

169.6
603.3

85.6
322.4

121.9
312.6

349.0
395.2

42,140.0
263.8
32,099.9
3,927.0
12,740.1
446.8

6,321.1
75.4
4,815.0
589.0
1,274.0
446.8

119.1

14.92
26.71
104.48

14.44
56.69

7,690.52 1,153.58
45.02
12.86
3,328.28 499.24
161.95
24.29
1,987.45 198.75
43.56
43.56

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

22.19
56.21

63.53
71.75

11.62

69

14.92

81.7
81.7

January 2014

Table 3.6–1 (continued). Annual and typical daily emissions from all area sources in Maricopa County.
Category
Fertilizer application
Livestock
Humans
Structure fires
Aircraft engine testing
Vehicle fires
Crematories
Accidental releases
Wildfires
Prescribed fires
Travel on unpaved parking lots
Leaf blowers fugitive dust
Offroad rec. vehicles fugitive dust
All Misc. Area Sources
TOTAL, ALL AREA SOURCES

Table 3.6–2.

PM10
435.21

Annual emissions (tons/yr)
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
47.87

14.51
14.51
1.88
2.39
2.38
46.36
9.98
28.98
28.98
1.16
3.08
2.82
11.19
1.77
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
425.81 365.19
93.95 25.76
0.49
0.49
0.38
0.10
4,214.89 423.02
941.12 355.19
14,532.91 1,443.50
33,856.18 4,616.25 166.54 37.62
41,965.49 7,631.71 5,161.56 180.14

Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
9,728.8
2,384.7
262.3
50,142.2
6,222.8
79.5
79.5
10.3
13.2
13.2
259.3
56.6
158.8
158.8
6.4
23.9
21.8
88.5
13.9
0.00
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
19.70 23,655.9 20,288.5 5,219.5 1,431.1 1,094.4
0.03
69.9
69.9
54.1
14.8
4.4
23,095.3 2,317.9
5,156.8 1,946.2
79,632.4 7,909.6
12,081.84 225,888.0 46,589.1 5,757.2 1,516.5 67,192.5
14,077.61 279,666.7 67,390.7 37,221.4 2,395.6 80,081.0
NH3
1,775.51
9,150.95
1,135.65

PM10

Annual and typical daily emissions from all area sources in the PM10 NAA.

Source Category
Fuel combustion:
Industrial distillate oil: Boilers
Industrial distillate oil: Engines
Industrial natural gas
Comm./inst. distillate oil: Boilers
Comm./inst. distillate oil: Engines
Comm./inst. natural gas
Residential distillate oil
Residential natural gas
Residential LPG
Residential kerosene
Residential Wood Combustion
All Fuel Combustion
Industrial processes:
Chemical manufacturing
Commercial cooking
Grain handling/processing
Ammonia cold storage
Secondary metal production
Mineral processes
Mining/quarrying
Wood product mfg.
Rubber/plastic product mfg.
Fabricated metals
Residential construction
Commercial construction
Road construction
Construction, other
Electrical equipment mfg.
Industrial paved/unpaved road travel
Industrial processes, NEC
All Industrial Processes

PM10
10.04
129.30
39.09
0.02
0.26
56.57
0.07
69.02
0.19
0.01
463.10
767.66

Annual emissions (tons/yr)
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
5.48
60.85
121.08 1,837.52
39.09 730.65
0.02
0.12
0.26
3.72
56.57 1,077.29
0.06
0.35
69.02 853.61
0.16
51.68
0.01
0.03
461.38
58.09
753.12 4,673.91

1.30
0.00
3.07
0.00
0.00
4.44
0.83
5.45
0.22
0.08
6.63
22.02

PM10

2.43
0.00
16.12
0.00
0.00
3.57
0.02
0.00
0.18
0.00
27.45
49.78

64.4
828.8
250.6
0.1
1.7
362.6
0.7
378.2
2.1
0.1
5,089.0
6,978.3

35.1
390.0
776.2 11,779.0
250.6 4,683.6
0.1
0.8
1.7
23.8
362.6 6,905.7
0.6
3.8
378.2 4,677.3
1.7
567.9
0.1
0.4
5,070.1
638.4
6,877.0 29,670.8

1,171.9
5,837.4
443.0

732.4
5,836.2
122.2

121.41
73.30
1,065.33 1,065.1
70.06
19.10
42.27
34.37
133.99
69.39
86.58
27.95
59.61
52.73
218.49 164.26
25.86
22.96
477.07
47.71
1,343.10 134.31
1,619.73 161.97
243.64
24.36
7.66
5.00
302.12
90.32
102.65
45.41
5,919.58 2,038.25

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

15.02

23.47
222.86
261.35

8.03

Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
PM2.5
NOx
SOx

NH3

1,910.60
0.25

308.9
256.3
953.9
493.9
564.9
179.0
442.2
385.6
1,478.0 1,083.3
181.2
160.3
3,058.1
305.8
8,609.6
861.0
10,382.9 1,038.3
1,561.8
156.2
0.28
9.63
42.7
28.0
2,131.3
644.1
40.48
6.77
597.8
271.6
48.79 1,927.25 37,765.6 12,554.2

70

NH3

8.3
0.0
19.7
0.0
0.0
28.5
9.1
29.9
2.4
0.9
72.8
171.6

15.6
0.0
103.4
0.0
0.0
22.9
0.2
0.0
2.0
0.0
301.7
445.8

106.9

89.3

12,247.4
2.3

129.0

1.6

52.9

1,222.5
1,458.4

221.9
37.6
312.8 12,340.3

January 2014

Table 3.6–2 (continued). Annual and typical daily emissions from all area sources in the PM10 NAA.
Source Category
Waste treatment/disposal:
On-site incineration
Open burning: Land clearing debris
Landfills
Publicly owned treatment works
Other waste
All Waste Treatment/ Disposal
Misc. area sources:
Windblown dust
Cotton ginning
Tilling
Harvesting
Travel on unpaved ag. roads
Agricultural field burning
Fertilizer application
Livestock
Humans
Structure fires
Aircraft engine testing
Vehicle fires
Crematories
Accidental releases
Wildfires
Prescribed fires
Travel on unpaved parking lots
Leaf blowers fugitive dust
Offroad rec. vehicles fugitive dust
All Misc. Area Sources
TOTAL, ALL AREA SOURCES

3.7

PM10
0.62
0.22
56.90

Annual emissions (tons/yr)
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
0.41
0.22
29.06

3.31
0.06
23.84

NH3

1.05
2.38

PM10

Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
PM2.5
NOx
SOx

4.1
1.7
314.8

2.7
1.7
160.8

21.4
0.4
131.0

13.1

163.4

81.2

118.6

309.8

484.0

246.4

271.4

329.7

26,227.7
53.2
12,582.4
1,490.4
5,178.1
191.9

3,934.2
15.2
1,887.4
223.6
517.8
191.9

51.2

1,366.4

150.3

NH3

6.8

15.01
25.58

13.64

21.59

56.39

83.32

43.34

48.80

59.82

4,786.57
9.68
1,292.04
61.29
807.79
18.71

717.98
2.77
193.81
9.19
80.78
18.71

249.37

15.01

4.99
762.71
5,243.49
1,142.93

27.43

82.3

14.61
14.61
1.89
80.0
80.0
10.4
2.39
2.38
46.36
9.98
13.2
13.2
259.3
29.17
29.17
1.17
159.8
159.8
6.4
3.08
2.82
11.19
1.77
23.9
21.8
88.4
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.94
2.52
0.65
0.18
0.14
1,176.0 1,008.6
259.5
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
8.0
8.0
6.2
2,278.88 228.72
12,487.0 1,253.3
947.15 357.46
5,189.9 1,958.7
2,592.67 257.52
14,206.4 1,411.1
13,096.36 1,945.88
66.25 11.94 7,149.26 80,434.5 12,834.9
681.4
19,826.92 4,770.00 5,050.31 142.57 9,141.31 125,405.6 32,444.2 32,082.0

82.3

4,179.2
28,731.5
6,262.6
56.6
13.9
0.0
71.1
1.7

0.0
54.4
0.5

143.3 39,228.2
957.4 52,096.5

Quality assurance/quality control procedures

Quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) activities for the area source emissions inventory
were designed to create a comprehensive, accurate, representative and comparable inventory of
area source emissions for Maricopa County and the nonattainment area. During each step of
creating, building and reviewing the area source emissions inventory, quality checks and
assurances were performed to establish confidence in the inventory structure and data.
Area source categories were identified for inclusion in the inventory based on the latest Emission
Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP) guidance available. In addition, recent EPA activities to
develop county-level emissions estimates for newly created source categories (such as portable
fuel containers) or redefined Source Classification Codes were also reviewed, and incorporated
where relevant. Prior-year inventories for the region were also examined to identify possible
additional categories for inclusion in the present inventory. The list of area source categories
developed based on these guidance documents was modified to fit the characteristics of
Maricopa County, with some area source categories determined to be insignificant or nonexistent (such as industrial coal combustion, oil and gas production, and snowmobile use).
Data for area source emission calculations were gathered from a wide universe of resources.
Whenever applicable, local surveyed data (such as annual emissions report) was used as this data
best reflects activity in the county and the nonattainment area. When local data was not
available, state data from state agencies (such as the Arizona Department of Transportation, or

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

71

January 2014

Arizona Department of Weights and Measures) and regional bodies (such as the Western
Regional Air Partnership, WRAP) were used. National-level data (such as those from the US
Census Bureau) was used when no local, state or regional data was available. In addition, the
most recent EIIP guidance for area sources was consulted for direction in determining the most
relevant data source for use in emissions calculations.
Emissions calculations for area sources were performed by three air quality planners and one unit
manager. All area source emission estimates were calculated in spreadsheets to ensure the
calculations could be verified and reproduced. Whenever possible or available, the “preferred
method” described in the most recent EIIP guidance documents for area sources was used to
calculate emissions. Emissions were estimated using emission factors from EIIP guidance, AP42, and local source testing. Local seasonal and activity data were used when available, with
EPA and EIIP guidance used when no local seasonal or activity data existed. All calculations
were evaluated to ensure that emissions from point sources were not being double-counted and to
determine if rule effectiveness applied.
Once area source emission estimates had been produced, several quality control checks were
performed to substantiate the calculations. Most area source calculations were peer-reviewed by
two other planners, with all area sources being reviewed by at least one other planner. Peer
review ensured that all emission calculations were reasonable and could be reproduced.
Sensitivity analyses and computational method checks were performed on area sources when
emissions seemed to be outside the expected ranges. When errors were found, the appropriate
changes were made by the author of the calculations to ensure consistency of the emissions
calculations. The peer-reviewed emissions estimates were combined into a draft area source
chapter. This draft chapter was read through in its entirety by the unit manager and the three air
quality planners for final review, with any identified errors corrected by the author of the section.
The draft version of the area source chapter was sent to the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, the Arizona Department of Transportation, and the Maricopa Association of
Governments for a quality assurance review. These agencies provided comments which were
addressed and incorporated into the final area source chapter. The QA/QC activities described
here have produced high levels of confidence in the area source emissions estimates detailed in
this chapter, and represent the best efforts of the inventory preparers.

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

72

January 2014

3.8

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Matter National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and Regional Haze Regulations.
US EPA Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park, NC. August
2005, updated Nov. 2005. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eidocs/eiguid/.
US EPA, 2006. Compilation of Air Pollution Emission Factors (AP-42). Fifth Ed. Vol. I:
Stationary Point and Area Sources. Section 13.2.2: Unpaved Roads. November 2006.
Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/ch13/final/c13s0202.pdf
US EPA, 2012a. WebFIRE. EPA’s online emissions factor repository, retrieval, and
development tool. Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/webfire/index.html

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US EPA, 2012b. Residential Wood Combustion (RWC) Estimation Tool. Internet address:
ftp://ftp.epa.gov/EmisInventory/2011nei/doc/
US EPA, 2012c. 2011 National Emissions Inventory Information, Data and documentation.
Internet address: ftp://ftp.epa.gov/EmisInventory/2011nei/doc/
USFA, 2012. The United States Fire Administration, National Fire Data Center, National Fire
Incident Reporting System (NFIRS), Data Archives: 2011 Public Data Release CD,
December 11, 2012.
WGA, 2006. Open Area Wind Erosion. Chap. 8 In: WRAP Fugitive Dust Handbook, prepared by
Countess Environmental, Western Governors’ Association (WGA) Contract No. 30204–111,
September, 2006. Available at: http://www.wrapair.org/forums/dejf/fdh/index.html.
WGA/WRAP, 2005. 2002 Fire Emission Inventory for the WRAP Region – Phase II. Project
No. 178-6. Western Governors Association/Western Regional Air Partnership. July 22, 2005.
Tables 5 and 6. Internet address:
http://www.wrapair.org/forums/fejf/documents/WRAP_2002_PhII_EI_Report_20050722.pdf
WRAP, 2006a. Fugitive Dust Handbook. Chapter 3.0 Construction and Demolition, September
2006. Internet address: http://wrapair.org/forums/dejf/fdh/ch3-constdem.html.
WRAP, 2006b. Fugitive Dust Handbook. Chapter 2.0 Agricultural Tilling, September 2006.
Internet address: http://www.wrapair.org/forums/dejf/fdh/
WRAP, 2006c. Fugitive Dust Handbook. Chapter 10.0 Agricultural Harvesting, September
2006. Internet address: http://www.wrapair.org/forums/dejf/fdh/
WRAP 2006d. Fugitive Dust Handbook. Chapter 6.0 Unpaved Roads, September 2006. Internet
address: http://wrapair.org/forums/dejf/fdh/index.html.

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4.

Nonroad Mobile Sources

4.1

Introduction

Nonroad mobile sources are defined as those that move or are moved within a 12-month period
and are not licensed or certified as highway vehicles. Nonroad mobile sources are vehicles and
engines that fall under the following categories:














Agricultural equipment, such as tractors, combines and balers;
Airport ground support equipment, such as baggage tugs and terminal tractors;
Commercial equipment, such as generators and pumps;
Industrial equipment, such as forklifts and sweepers;
Construction and mining equipment, such as graders, back hoes and trenchers;
Lawn and garden equipment, such as leaf blowers and lawn mowers;
Logging equipment (not present in Maricopa County);
Pleasure craft, such as power boats and personal watercraft;
Railway maintenance equipment, such as rail straighteners;
Recreational equipment, such as all-terrain vehicles and off-road motorcycles;
Underground mining and oil field equipment (not present in Maricopa County);
Aircraft, such as jet and piston engines; and
Locomotives, such as switching and line haul trains.

Emission calculations for most nonroad mobile source categories except aircraft, airport ground
support equipment (GSE) and locomotives were derived using EPA’s NONROAD2008a model
(Core version 2008a, July 2009). Aircraft and airport GSE emission estimates were made using
the Federal Aviation Administration’s EDMS (Emissions Dispersion Modeling System) model,
ver. 5.1.1. Locomotive emission calculations were derived from surveys of the three railroad
companies that have operations in the county.
County specific temperature and fuel-related inputs are required for the operation of the
NONROAD model. Monthly temperature and fuel data were provided by the Arizona
Department of Weights and Measures. The following table lists the local county inputs used:
Table 4.1–1.

Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December

NONROAD model county temperature and fuel-related inputs.
Fuel
Diesel
Gasoline
Temperatures (°F)
RVP
ETOH
Sulfur
Sulfur
Max.
Min. Average
(psi)
(Vol%)
(ppm)
(ppm)
64
45
54.9
9
9
15
9.92
69
48
58.5
9
9
16
10.29
79
54
66.8
8
9
11
9.52
87
61
74.2
8
9
14
7.90
91
66
78.7
7
9
13
9.41
107
80
93.4
7
10
18
9.38
106
84
95.2
7
9
21
9.70
104
82
93.2
7
6
18
9.58
101
79
90.1
7
6
18
9.73
91
65
78.1
8
9
15
9.49
81
56
68.7
8
6
14
10.17
65
46
56.0
8
16
12
9.02

Ethanol Blend
Market
Total Oxygen
Share (%)
(wt%)
100
3.66
100
3.85
100
3.58
100
2.98
100
3.48
100
3.45
100
3.62
100
3.70
100
3.60
100
3.56
100
3.80
100
3.41

Note: All other required temperature and fuel-related inputs not listed assumed NONROAD2008 default values.

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EPA recommends adjusting default NONROAD2008a model values (such as equipment
population, activity levels of equipment, growth factors, etc.) where local data is available, as the
default values in the model are derived from national averages. The NONROAD2008a model
defaults were adjusted in the following manner:


Equipment population numbers and activity levels for commercial lawn and garden
equipment were adjusted based on 2003 survey results of the commercial lawn and
garden industry performed by ENVIRON as part of an inventory developed to study the
impact of visibility impairing pollutants (ENVIRON et al., 2003). Survey results show
that for most categories of lawn and garden equipment, the equipment populations for
Maricopa County are significantly lower than EPA default values, while the average
annual hours of operation for most equipment types are slightly higher than EPA's values.
Using these new local data results in a considerable decrease in emissions from this
category, compared with earlier results using EPA default data.

The NONROAD2008a model does not calculate emission values for NH3. Ammonia emission
calculations for the NONROAD2008a model were derived by using a multiplier of NOx
emissions developed by ENVIRON (2003).
Spatial allocation factors were developed (based on EPA guidance documents) to apportion nonroad emissions to the PM10 nonattainment area. The approaches used are described in each
section of this chapter.
Temporal allocations (used to calculate PM10 typical daily emissions) for nonroad equipment
categories modeled in the NONROAD2008a model are based on EPA recommendations on
weekday and weekend day activity levels for each nonroad equipment category (US EPA, 1999).
Table 4.1–2 below lists the weighted activity level allocation fractions for each equipment class
for weekdays and weekend days. For this report, the most conservative (highest) allocation
fraction in each nonroad equipment class was used to calculate typical daily emissions.
Table 4.1–2. Default weekday and weekend day activity allocation fractions.
Equipment category
Weekday
Weekend day
Agricultural
0.1666667
0.0833334
Airport ground support
0.1428571
0.1428571
Commercial
0.1666667
0.0833334
Construction and mining
0.1666667
0.0833334
Industrial
0.1666667
0.0833334
Lawn and garden (residential)
0.1111111
0.2222222
Lawn and garden (commercial)
0.1600000
0.1000000
Logging
0.1666667
0.0833334
Pleasure craft
0.0600000
0.3500000
Railway maintenance
0.1800000
0.0500000
Recreational
0.1111111
0.2222222

4.2

Agricultural equipment

Annual emissions from agricultural equipment in Maricopa County were calculated using EPA’s
NONROAD2008a model as discussed above. County-wide results are shown in Table 4.2–1.

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Table 4.2–1.

Annual emissions from agricultural equipment in Maricopa County.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Geographic area
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
Maricopa County
29.45
28.56
330.49
0.19
0.62

Annual emissions for the PM10 nonattainment area were calculated based on EIIP guidance (US
EPA, 2002) which recommends using the ratio of agricultural land inside the nonattainment area
to agricultural land inside the county. See Section 1.5.2 for a discussion of land use data used.
PM10 NAA emissions from = Total County PM10 emissions
agricultural equipment
from agricultural equipment
= 29.45 tons

× Agricultural land use allocation factor
× 42.96%

= 12.65 tons PM10 /yr
Table 4.2–2.

Annual emissions from agricultural equipment in the PM10 NAA.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Geographic area
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
PM10 NAA
12.65
12.27
141.97
0.08

NH3
0.26

County typical daily emissions were calculated by multiplying annual emissions (generated by
the NONROAD2008a model) by the most conservative weekday/weekend day activity allocation
factor for agricultural equipment listed in Table 4.1–2, and dividing the product by the number of
weeks (52) in the year (US EPA, 1999), as follows:
Average County PM10 = Annual PM10
daily emissions
emissions
(lbs/day)
(tons/yr)
= 29.45

× daily activity allocation factor
for agricultural equipment
(week/day)

× 2000
÷ 52
(lbs/ton)
(wks/yr)

× 0.166667

× 2000

÷ 52

= 188.8 lbs/day
Table 4.2–3.

Typical daily emissions from agricultural equipment in Maricopa County.
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
Maricopa County
188.8
183.1
2,118.5
1.2
4.0

PM10 nonattainment area typical daily emissions were calculated by multiplying County typical
daily emissions by the agricultural land use allocation factor:
PM10 NAA average- = Maricopa County PM10 × Agricultural land use allocation factor
day emissions
typical daily emissions
= 188.8 lbs/day

× 42.96%

= 81.1 lbs/day
Table 4.2–4.

Typical daily emissions from agricultural equipment in the PM10 NAA.
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
PM10 NAA
81.1
78.6
910.0
0.5
1.7

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4.3

Airport ground support equipment

Annual emissions from airport ground support equipment (GSE) and auxiliary power units
(APUs) were calculated using the Emissions Dispersion Modeling System (EDMS, v. 5.1.3)
from the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). Activity data on 2011 aircraft operations
and GSE use for eight major airports were obtained from FAA’s Air Traffic Activity Data
System. In addition, activity data for 2011 for six small general aviation airports were assumed
to be the same as those in 2008, which was included in MAG’s 2009 survey data. (Further details
concerning the modeling input data and results are described in Section 4.11, Aircraft).
Emissions from GSE and APUs at Luke Air Force Base (AFB) for the year 2011 are assumed to
be the same as those used in the 2008 PM10 Periodic Emissions Inventory Report for the
Maricopa County, Arizona, Nonattainment Area (MCAQD, 2011) based on input from Luke
AFB.
Table 4.3–1. Annual emissions (tons/yr) from airport ground support equipment (GSE) and auxiliary
power units (APUs).
Maricopa County
PM10 NAA
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx NH3*
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx NH3*
9.08
8.63 317.86
7.01
8.90
8.46 312.28
6.90
GSE
12.99
12.99
88.18
12.15
12.98
12.98
88.10
12.13
APUs
Total:
22.07
21.62 406.04
19.16
21.88
21.44 400.37
19.03
* The EDMS model does not include calculation of ammonia emissions.

Table 4.3–2.

GSE
APUs
Total:

Typical daily emissions (lbs/day) from airport GSE and APUs.
Maricopa County
PM10 NAA
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx NH3*
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
49.8
47.3 1,741.7
38.4
48.8
46.4 1,711.1
71.2
71.2
483.2
66.6
71.1
71.1
482.7
120.9
118.5 2,224.9
105.0
119.9
117.5 2,193.8

SOx
37.8
66.5
104.3

NH3*

* The EDMS model does not include calculation of ammonia emissions.

4.4

Commercial equipment

Annual emissions from commercial equipment in Maricopa County were calculated using EPA’s
NONROAD2008a model, as described in Section 4.1. Annual emissions for the PM10 nonattainment area for this category were derived by applying the ratio of industrial employment in the
nonattainment area to Maricopa County totals, as data on the number of wholesale establishments recommended by EIIP guidance (US EPA, 2002) was not available. See Section 1.5.1 for
a discussion of the industrial employment data used.
Table 4.4–1.

PM10
114.81

Annual emissions from commercial equipment.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Maricopa County
PM10 NAA
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
109.77
1,361.42
1.89
20.84
114.77
109.73
1,360.88

SOx
1.89

NH3
20.83

County typical daily emissions were calculated by multiplying Maricopa County annual emissions (generated by the NONROAD2008a model) by the most conservative weekday/weekend
day activity allocation factor for commercial equipment (0.1666667) listed in Table 4.1–2, and
dividing the product by the number of weeks (52) in the year (US EPA, 1999). PM10 nonattainment area typical daily emissions were calculated based on industrial employment ratios as
described above.
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Table 4.4–2.

PM10
736.0

4.5

Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)from commercial equipment.
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Maricopa County
PM10 NAA
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
703.7
8,727.0
12.1
133.6
735.7
703.4
8,723.6

SOx
12.1

NH3
133.5

Construction and mining equipment

Annual emissions from construction and mining equipment in Maricopa County were calculated
using EPA’s NONROAD2008a model as described in Section 4.1. Annual emissions for the
PM10 nonattainment area for this category were derived by applying the ratio of construction
employment in the nonattainment area to Maricopa County totals as a conservative estimate,
since the EIIP-recommended allocation factor of total dollar value of construction was
unavailable (US EPA, 2002). See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the employment data used.
Table 4.5–1.

Annual emissions from construction and mining equipment.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Maricopa County
PM10 NAA
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
1,179.08 1,141.28 12,937.30
9.31
24.44
1,133.79
1,097.44 12,440.29

SOx
8.95

NH3
23.50

County typical daily emissions were calculated by multiplying Maricopa County annual emissions (generated by the NONROAD2008a model) by the most conservative weekday/weekend
day activity allocation factor for construction/mining equipment (0.1666667) listed in Table 4.1–
2, and dividing the product by the number of weeks (52) in the year (US EPA, 1999). PM10
nonattainment area typical daily emissions were calculated based on construction employment
ratios as described above.
Table 4.5–2.

PM10
7,558.2

4.6

Typical daily emissions from construction and mining equipment.
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Maricopa County
PM10 NAA
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
7,315.9 82,931.4
59.7
156.6
7,267.9
7,034.9 79,745.5

SOx
57.4

NH3
150.6

Industrial equipment

Annual emissions from industrial equipment in Maricopa County were calculated using EPA’s
NONROAD2008a model, as described in Section 4.1. Annual emissions for the PM10 nonattainment area for this category were derived by applying the ratio of industrial employment in the
nonattainment area to Maricopa County totals as a conservative estimate, since the number of
employees in manufacturing, as recommended by EIIP guidance (US EPA, 2002), was
unavailable. See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the industrial employment data used.
Table 4.6–1.

PM10
97.08

Annual emissions from industrial equipment.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Maricopa County
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
94.54
1,839.35
3.47
32.72
97.04
94.50

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

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PM10 NAA
NOx
1,838.63

SOx
3.47

NH3
32.71

January 2014

County typical daily emissions were calculated by multiplying Maricopa County annual
emissions (generated by the NONROAD2008a model) by the most conservative
weekday/weekend day activity allocation factor for industrial equipment (0.1666667) listed in
Table 4.1–2, and dividing the product by the number of weeks (52) in the year (US EPA, 1999).
PM10 nonattainment area typical daily emissions were calculated based on industrial employment
ratios as described above.
Table 4.6–2.

PM10
622.3

4.7

Typical daily emissions from industrial equipment.
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Maricopa County
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
606.0
11,790.7
22.2
209.8
622.1
605.8

PM10 NAA
NOx
11,786.1

SOx
22.2

NH3
209.7

Lawn and garden equipment

Annual emissions from lawn and garden equipment in Maricopa County were calculated using
EPA’s NONROAD2008a model, as described in Section 4.1. These results reflect new
equipment population and usage estimates from survey work done in early 2003 for the Arizona
Department of Environmental Quality (discussed further in Section 4.1). Annual emissions for
the PM10 nonattainment area for this category were derived by applying the ratio of population in
the nonattainment area to Maricopa County totals, since the number of housing units, as recommended by EIIP guidance (US EPA, 2002), was not available. See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion
of the population data used. The annual emissions for Maricopa County and the PM10
nonattainment area are shown in Table 4.7–1.
Table 4.7–1.

PM10
209.49

Annual emissions from lawn and garden equipment.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Maricopa County
PM10 NAA
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
193.80
866.64
2.10
21.81
210.83
195.04
872.19

SOx
2.11

NH3
21.95

County typical daily emissions were calculated by multiplying Maricopa County annual emissions (generated by the NONROAD2008a model) by the most conservative weekday/weekend
day activity allocation factor for lawn and garden equipment (0.1600000 for the commercial segment, 0.2222222 for residential) listed in Table 4.1–2, and dividing the product by 52 (the
number of weeks in a year; US EPA, 1999). PM10 nonattainment area typical daily emissions
were calculated based on population as described above. The typical daily emissions for
Maricopa County and the PM10 nonattainment area are shown in Table 4.7-2.
Table 4.7–2.

PM10
1,424.6

4.8

Typical daily emissions from lawn and garden equipment.
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Maricopa County
PM10 NAA
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
1,317.2 6,062.0
15.1
160.5
1,433.7 1,325.6 6,100.9

SOx
15.2

NH3
161.5

Pleasure craft

Annual emissions from pleasure craft equipment in Maricopa County were calculated using
EPA’s NONROAD2008a model, as described in Section 4.1. Annual emissions for the PM10
nonattainment area for this category were derived by applying the ratio of lake surface area in the
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nonattainment area to Maricopa County totals, as recommended by EIIP guidance (US EPA,
2002). See Section 1.5.2 for a discussion of the land use data used.
Table 4.8–1.

PM10
7.06

Annual emissions from pleasure craft equipment.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Maricopa County
PM10 NAA
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
6.52
96.56
0.11
2.40
5.36
4.95
73.32

SOx
0.08

NH3
1.83

County typical daily emissions were calculated by multiplying Maricopa County annual emissions (generated by the NONROAD2008a model) by the most conservative weekday/weekend
day activity allocation factor for pleasure craft (0.3500000) listed in Table 4.1–2, and dividing
the product by the number of weeks (52) in the year (US EPA, 1999). PM10 nonattainment area
typical daily emissions were calculated based on lake surface area as described above.
Table 4.8–2.

PM10
95.0

4.9

Typical daily emissions from pleasure craft equipment.
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Maricopa County
PM10 NAA
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
87.8
1,299.9
1.5
32.4
72.1
66.7
987.0

SOx
1.1

NH3
24.6

Railway maintenance equipment

Annual emissions from railway maintenance equipment in Maricopa County were calculated
using EPA’s NONROAD2008a model, as described in Section 4.1. Annual emissions for the
PM10 nonattainment area for this category were derived by applying the ratio of population in the
nonattainment area to Maricopa County totals, as recommended by EIIP guidance (US EPA,
2002). See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the population data used.
Table 4.9–1.

PM10
1.03

Annual emissions from railway maintenance equipment.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Maricopa County
PM10 NAA
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
1.00
8.55
0.00
0.02
1.04
1.01
8.60

SOx
0.00

NH3
0.02

County typical daily emissions were calculated by multiplying Maricopa County annual emissions (generated by the NONROAD2008a model) by the most conservative weekday/weekend
day activity allocation factor for railway maintenance equipment (0.1800000) listed in Table
4.1–2, and dividing the product by the number of weeks (52) in the year (US EPA, 1999). PM10
nonattainment area typical daily emissions were calculated based on the population ratio as
described above.
Table 4.9–2.

PM10
7.1

Typical daily emissions from railway maintenance equipment.
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Maricopa County
PM10 NAA
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
6.9
59.2
0.0
0.1
7.2
7.0
59.5

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SOx
0.0

NH3
0.1

January 2014

4.10

Recreational equipment

Annual emissions from recreational equipment in Maricopa County were calculated using EPA’s
NONROAD2008a model, as described in Section 4.1. Annual emissions for the PM10 nonattainment area for this category were derived by applying the ratio of passive open space and vacant
land use in the nonattainment area to Maricopa County totals as recommended by EIIP guidance
(US EPA, 2002). See Section 1.5.2 for a discussion of the land use data used.
Table 4.10–1. Annual emissions from recreational equipment.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Maricopa County
PM10 nonattainment area
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
43.65
40.20
66.10
0.28
2.19
7.79
7.17
11.79
0.05

NH3
0.39

County typical daily emissions were calculated by multiplying Maricopa County annual emissions (generated by the NONROAD2008a model) by the most conservative weekday/weekend
day activity allocation factor for recreational equipment (0.2222222) listed in Table 4.1–2, and
dividing the product by the number of weeks (52) in the year (US EPA, 1999). PM10 nonattainment area typical daily emissions were calculated based on land use as described above.
Table 4.10–2. Typical daily emissions from recreational equipment.
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Maricopa County
PM10 NAA
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
373.1
343.6
565.0
2.4
18.7
66.6
61.3
100.8

4.11

SOx
0.4

NH3
3.3

Aircraft

Emissions from aircraft at the largest airports in Maricopa County were estimated using the
Federal Aviation Administration’s Emissions and Dispersion Model (EDMS, v. 5.1.3). The
FAA EDMS model combines specified aircraft and activity levels with default emissions factors
in order to estimate annual emissions inventories for a specific airport. The model calculates
emissions of sulfur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulate matter (only for certain
categories of airframes and engines), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrocarbons (HC). The
model can also estimate emissions from ground support equipment (GSE) and auxiliary power
units (APUs), using either default profiles or user-specified activity of these components.
The EDMS runs were executed by the Maricopa Association of Governments. The contact
person for the EDMS emission estimates is Adam Xia (602-254-6300).
Aircraft emissions are estimated for four aircraft categories:
 Air carriers (abbreviated “AC”): Larger commercial aircraft with at least 60 seats or
18,000 lbs payload capacity, used for scheduled service to transport passengers and/or
freight;
 Air taxis (“AT”): Smaller commercial turbine- or piston-powered aircraft with less than
60 seats or 18,000 lbs payload capacity;
 General aviation (“GA”): Aircraft used on an unscheduled basis for recreational flying,
personal transportation, and other activities, including business travel; and
 Military (“ML”): Aircraft used to support military operations.

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First, three databases from FAA’s website provide the year 2011 aircraft activity, fleet mix for
the types of aircraft used, and hourly/weekly/monthly operational profiles for eight major
airports (Chandler Municipal, Falcon Field, Glendale Municipal, Phoenix Deer Valley, Phoenix
Goodyear, Phoenix-Mesa Gateway, Phoenix Sky Harbor, and Scottsdale airport). The three
databases are (1) FAA’s Air Traffic Activity Data System (ATADS) (FAA, 2012a); (2)
Enhanced Traffic Management System Counts (ETMSC) database; and (3) FAA Aviation
Performance Metrics (APM) database (FAA, 2012b).
To supplement the FAA’s database for the eight major airports, MAG conducted a survey of six
additional small general aviation airports (Buckeye Municipal, Gila Bend Municipal, Pleasant
Valley, Sky Ranch at Carefree, Stellar Airpark, and Wickenburg Municipal airport) in Maricopa
County to gather the year 2008 data on aircraft activity (landing and take-off or LTOs) and
estimated average taxi/idle times in 2009. The year 2008 data for these small general aviation
airports are assumed to be the same as those in year 2011, since no updated aircraft activity data
were available for the year 2011. Table 4.11–1 summarizes the activity level for each aircraft
category for each airport included in the modeling, and indicates the data sources for each
airport’s activity (reported number of operations) and fleet mix.
One required meteorological input for EDMS is an atmospheric mixing height, which is defined
as the height (or depth) above ground where relatively vigorous vertical mixing occurs due to
convection. To calculate the time-varying mixing height, the latest version of the EPA
AERMOD Meteorological Preprocessor (AERMET version 11059) was employed.
Both the 2011 hourly surface meteorological data and the 2011 one-minute Automated Surface
Observing System (ASOS) wind data from the National Weather Service (NWS) station at the
Phoenix Sky Harbor were used (NCDC, 2012). Full year upper air data in 2011 at the Tucson
station (station number 23160) were obtained from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL) Radiosonde Database
(ESRL, 2012). Ultimately, a single mixing height dataset in 2011 is used for all airports, except
Luke Air Force Base.

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Table 4.11–1. Annual airport operations (by aircraft category) and related data sources.
Airport
Operations Data
Fleet Mix Data
Aircraft
2011
Airport
Code
Source1
Source2
Type3
Operations
Buckeye Municipal
BXK
airnav.com
Generic GA profile
GA
53,070
Chandler Municipal
CHD
FAA/ATADS
FAA/ETMSC
AC
6
AT
2,168
GA
158,960
ML
456
Falcon Field
FFZ
FAA/ATADS
FAA/ETMSC
AC
4
AT
2,718
GA
214,486
ML
2,872
Gila Bend Municipal
E63
airnav.com
Generic GA profile
GA
3,536
Glendale Municipal
GEU
FAA/ATADS
FAA/ETMSC
AT
1,070
GA
85,998
ML
56
[2008 F-16 aircraft emissions are scaled based on the number of F-16s in
Luke Air Force Base
LUF
2008 vs. 2011]
Phoenix Deer Valley
DVT
FAA/ATADS,
Survey response,
AC
2
Survey response
FAA/ETMSC
AT
3,832
GA
313,362 *
ML
248
Phoenix Goodyear
GYR
FAA/ATADS,
Survey response,
AC
146
Survey response
FAA/ETMSC
AT
312
GA
132,566 *
ML
5,582
Phoenix-Mesa Gateway
IWA
FAA/ATADS
FAA/ETMSC
AC
7,782
(formerly Williams
AT
9,176
Gateway)
GA
147,596
ML
6,646
Phoenix Sky Harbor
PHX
FAA/ATADS
FAA/ETMSC
AC
375,104
AT
63,796
GA
20,582
ML
2,506
Pleasant Valley
P48
airnav.com
Generic GA profile
GA
6,010
Scottsdale
SDL
FAA/ATADS
FAA/ETMSC
AC
6
AT
12,970
GA
127,924
ML
740
Sky Ranch at Carefree
18AZ
Survey response
Generic GA profile
GA
3,030
Stellar Airpark
P19
airnav.com
Generic GA profile
GA
39,056
Wickenburg Municipal
E25
Survey responses
Generic GA profile
GA
12,000
1. FAA/ATADS: Federal Aviation Administration’s Air Traffic Activity Data System (database); http://aspm.faa.gov.
2. FAA/ETMSC: Federal Aviation Administration’s Enhanced Traffic Management System Counts (database); http://aspm.faa.gov.
3. AC: Air Commercial; AT: Air Taxi; GA: General Aviation; ML: Military
* includes touch-and-go operations reported by airport.

F-16 aircraft emissions calculations at Luke AFB for the year 2011 were scaled using a ratio of
the number of F-16s in 2011 to the number of F-16s in 2008. The emissions from “transient”
aircraft and on-wing engine testing in 2011 were assumed to be the same as those in 2008 based
on input from Luke AFB. Emissions from the military aircraft, “transient” aircraft, and on-wing
engine testing were summed into a single “ML” category for Luke AFB. This summation
method is consistent with that used in the 2008 PM10 Periodic Emissions Inventory for the
Maricopa County, Arizona, Nonattainment Area (MCAQD, 2011).
As with all other airports included in this inventory, emissions from ground support equipment
(GSE) at Luke AFB are addressed in Section 4.3, Airport ground support equipment.
2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

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The following section describes how activity and emissions were estimated for a representative
airport, Falcon Field (FFZ). The FAA’s Air Traffic Activity System (ATADS,
www.aspm.faa.gov) provided 2011 activity by aircraft type; these results are contained in Table
4.11–1. While ATADS reported a total of 214,486 general aviation operations at this airport in
2011, further information on the aircraft types comprising this activity was needed. The FAA’s
Enhanced Traffic Management System Counts (ETMSC) database was used to “grow” available
aircraft-specific operational data as described below.
The ETMSC database on general aviation activity at Falcon Field airport (FFZ) in 2011
comprises 145 different aircraft types, totaling 3,731 operations (See Table 4.11–2). To simplify
modeling input requirements, this aircraft-specific activity data were ranked in order of
decreasing frequency. Activity data for the most frequently reported aircraft was then grown to
represent all general aviation activity. How this approach was applied for general aviation
activity at Falcon Field airport is shown in Table 4.11–2.
This approach of ranking reported activity, and then growing this subset of data, typically
resulted in 10 to 30 aircraft types being modeled for each airport/aircraft class combination,
representing 75 to 100% of all reported activity.
Since the EDMS model includes estimates of PM10 emissions only for certain aircraft/engine
types, all model output files were reviewed for missing data. Where the EDMS model contained
no PM10 emission estimates, the default EPA emission factors listed in Table 4.11–3 were
assigned (US EPA, 2003).
Per EPA guidance, PM2.5 emissions were estimated as 92% of PM10 emissions (US EPA, 2003).
All activity was assumed to occur evenly throughout the year, typical daily emissions were
calculated by dividing annual totals by 365 [= days per year in 2011]. Tables 4.11–4 and 4.11–5
list the total annual emissions and typical daily emissions by aircraft type, for airports located
inside and outside the PM10 NAA, respectively.

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Table 4.11–2. Growing aircraft-specific activity for EDMS modeling input.

Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26

145

Aircraft Type
DA40 - Diamond Star DA40
BE9L - Beech King Air 90
P28R - Cherokee Arrow/Turbo
DA42 - Diamond Twin Star
BE20 - Beech 200 Super King
C25B - Cessna Citation CJ3
PC12 - Pilatus PC-12
C680 - Cessna Citation Sovereign
C441 - Cessna Conquest
B350 - Beech Super King Air 350
BE36 - Beech Bonanza 36
C172 - Cessna Skyhawk 172/Cutlass
CL60 - Bombardier Challenger 600/601/604
P46T - Piper Malibu Meridian
SR22 - Cirrus SR 22
P28A - Piper Cherokee
COL4 - Lancair LC-41 Columbia 400
TBM7 - Socata TBM-7
C182 - Cessna Skylane 182
C560 - Cessna Citation V/Ultra/Encore
M20P - Mooney M-20C Ranger
C210 - Cessna 210 Centurion
PAY2 - Piper Cheyenne 2
C525 - Cessna CitationJet/CJ1
BE35 - Beech Bonanza 35
C414 - Cessna Chancellor 414

T34P - Beech T-34B Mentor
Total:

ETMSCReported
Operations
536
350
250
163
130
118
110
103
99
86
84
83
70
68
67
62
52
50
48
47
46
44
40
38
37
37

1
3,731

% of Total
Reported
Operations
14.37%
9.38%
6.70%
4.37%
3.48%
3.16%
2.95%
2.76%
2.65%
2.31%
2.25%
2.22%
1.88%
1.82%
1.80%
1.66%
1.39%
1.34%
1.29%
1.26%
1.23%
1.18%
1.07%
1.02%
0.99%
0.99%

Cumulative
Percent
14.37%
23.75%
30.45%
34.82%
38.30%
41.46%
44.41%
47.17%
49.83%
52.13%
54.38%
56.61%
58.48%
60.31%
62.10%
63.76%
65.16%
66.50%
67.78%
69.04%
70.28%
71.46%
72.53%
73.55%
74.54%
75.53%


< 0.1%


100.00%

“Grown”
Operations
for EDMS
Modeling
40,796
26,640
19,028
12,406
9,894
8,982
8,372
7,840
7,536
6,546
6,394
6,318
5,328
5,176
5,100
4,718
3,958
3,806
3,654
3,578
3,502
3,348
3,044
2,892
2,816
2,814
(n/a)
214,486

Table 4.11–3. Default PM10 emission factors for aircraft.
Activity type
PM10 Emission Factor (lb/LTO)
Air Carrier, Air Taxi, Military
0.6033
General Aviation
0.2367

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Table 4.11–4. Annual and typical daily emissions, by aircraft type, from airports in the PM10 NAA.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
CateFacility
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
gory
Chandler Municipal
AC
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
AT
0.33
0.30
1.23
0.27
1.8
1.7
6.7
1.5
GA
9.41
8.66
14.18
5.55
51.6
47.4
77.7
30.4
ML
0.07
0.06
0.04
0.02
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.1
Total
9.81
9.02
15.45
5.84
53.8
49.5
84.7
32.0
Falcon Field
AC
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
AT
0.41
0.38
2.27
0.39
2.2
2.1
12.4
2.1
GA
12.69
11.67
31.13
8.61
69.5
64.0
170.6
47.2
ML
0.43
0.40
2.67
0.33
2.4
2.2
14.6
1.8
Total
13.53
12.45
36.07
9.33
74.1
68.2
197.6
51.1
Glendale Municipal
AT
0.16
0.15
0.88
0.16
0.9
0.8
4.8
0.9
GA
5.09
4.68
17.14
5.35
27.9
25.7
93.9
29.3
ML
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
Total
5.26
4.84
18.02
5.51
28.8
26.5
98.8
30.2
Luke Air Force Base
ML
57.00
56.99
347.83
28.85
312.3
312.3 1,905.9
158.1
Phoenix Deer Valley
AC
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
AT
0.58
0.53
3.00
0.51
3.2
2.9
16.4
2.8
GA
19.61
18.04
52.99
12.73
107.5
98.9
290.4
69.7
ML
0.04
0.04
0.11
0.02
0.2
0.2
0.6
0.1
Total
20.23
18.61
56.10
13.26
110.8
102.0
307.4
72.7
Phoenix Goodyear
AC
0.02
0.02
0.40
0.05
0.1
0.1
2.2
0.3
AT
0.05
0.05
1.01
0.11
0.3
0.3
5.5
0.6
GA
7.84
7.21
13.80
3.45
43.0
39.5
75.6
18.9
ML
0.84
0.77
1.31
0.36
4.6
4.2
7.2
2.0
Total
8.75
8.05
16.52
3.96
47.9
44.1
90.6
21.7
Phoenix Sky Harbor
AC
56.58
52.05 1823.15
190.30
310.0
285.2 9,989.9 1,042.8
AT
9.62
8.85
101.94
15.54
52.7
48.5
558.6
85.1
Intl
GA
1.22
1.12
7.41
1.78
6.7
6.2
40.6
9.8
ML
0.38
0.35
14.01
2.44
2.1
1.9
76.7
13.3
Total
67.80
62.38 1946.50
210.06
371.5
341.8 10,665.8 1,151.0
Phoenix-Mesa
AC
1.17
1.08
27.46
3.69
6.4
5.9
150.5
20.2
AT
1.38
1.27
3.53
0.95
7.6
7.0
19.3
5.2
Gateway Airport
GA
8.73
8.03
9.81
3.61
47.8
44.0
53.8
19.8
ML
1.00
0.92
25.62
3.78
5.5
5.0
140.4
20.7
Total
12.28
11.31
66.42
12.02
67.3
61.9
364.0
65.9
Pleasant Valley
GA
0.36
0.33
1.61
0.33
2.0
1.7
8.9
1.8
Scottsdale
AC
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
AT
1.96
1.80
8.19
1.62
10.7
9.9
44.9
8.9
GA
7.57
6.96
67.08
15.31
41.5
38.2
367.6
83.9
ML
0.11
0.10
0.35
0.09
0.6
0.6
1.9
0.5
Total
75.63
17.03
414.4
93.3
9.64
8.87
52.8
48.6
Skyranch at Carefree
GA
0.18
0.17
0.58
0.14
1.0
0.9
3.2
0.8
Stellar Airpark
GA
2.31
2.13
2.38
0.88
12.7
11.6
13.0
4.8
PM10 NAA total:
207.15
195.15 2,583.11
307.21 1,135.0 1,069.1 14,154.3 1,683.4
AC: Air Commercial; AT: Air Taxi; GA: General Aviation; ML: Military

Table 4.11–5. Annual and typical daily emissions, by aircraft type, from airports outside the PM10 NAA.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
CateFacility
gory
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
Buckeye Municipal
GA
3.14
2.89
2.69
0.86
17.2
15.8
14.7
4.7
Gila Bend Municipal
GA
0.21
0.19
0.18
0.06
1.1
1.0
1.0
0.3
Wickenburg Municipal
GA
0.71
0.65
2.84
0.66
3.9
3.6
15.6
3.6
Maricopa County total:
211.21 198.88 2,588.82 308.79
1,157.2 1,089.5 14,185.6 1,692.0

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

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4.12

Locomotives

Annual emissions from locomotives were calculated based on diesel fuel usage data provided by
Burlington Northern/Santa Fe Railway (BNSF), Union Pacific Railway (UP) and Amtrak.
Railway operations from these companies fall into three categories: Class I haul lines, yard/
switching operations, and passenger trains. Annual emissions from these categories were
calculated by multiplying diesel fuel usage by the emission factors shown in Table 4.12–1 (US
EPA, 2009; Environ, 2007).
Table 4.12–1. Emission factors for locomotives.
Emission factors (lbs/gal diesel)
Activity type
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
Class I haul line
0.010
0.010
0.328
0.037
Yard/switch operations
0.012
0.012
0.517
0.037
Passenger trains
0.010
0.010
0.367
0.037

NH3
0.0003
0.0003
0.0003

Fuel use reported by railroads and emission totals are summarized in Table 4.12–2.
Table 4.12–2. Total diesel use and annual emissions from locomotives in Maricopa County.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Diesel use
Locomotive type
(gals/yr)
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
Class I haul line
7,706,715
37.30
36.18
1,263.13 141.57
0.98
Yard/switch operations
520,076
3.03
2.94
134.44
9.55
0.07
Passenger trains
46,301
0.23
0.22
8.51
0.85
0.01
Total:
8,273,092
40.56
39.34
1,406.08 151.98
1.06

PM10 nonattainment area emissions were calculated by multiplying Maricopa County emissions
by the percentage of track miles within the PM10 nonattainment area, determined by GIS
mapping. Results are shown in Table 4.12–3.
Table 4.12–3. Annual emissions from locomotives in the PM10 NAA.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Track in
Locomotive type
PM10 NAA(%)
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
Class I haul line
44.27
16.51
16.02
559.19
62.67
Yard/switch operations
100.00
3.03
2.94
134.44
9.55
Passenger trains
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Total:
19.54
18.96
693.63
72.23

NH3
0.44
0.07
0.00
0.50

PM10 typical daily emissions for both the county (shown in Table 4.12–4) and the PM10 nonattainment area (Table 4.12–5) were calculated by dividing annual totals by 365 days, as
locomotive activity is assumed to be uniform throughout the year.
Table 4.12–4. Typical daily emissions from locomotives in Maricopa County.
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Locomotive type
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
Class I haul line
204.4
198.3
6,921.3
775.7
Yard/switch operations
16.6
16.1
736.7
52.3
Passenger trains
1.3
1.2
46.6
4.7
Total:
222.3
215.6
7,704.5
832.7

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

90

NH3
5.4
0.4
0.0
5.8

January 2014

Table 4.12–5. Typical daily emissions from locomotives in the PM10 NAA
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Locomotive type
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
Class I haul line
90.5
87.8
3,064.0
343.4
Yard/switch operations
16.6
16.1
736.7
52.3
Passenger trains
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Total:
107.1
103.9
3,800.7
395.8

4.13

NH3
2.4
0.4
0.0
2.7

Summary of all nonroad mobile source emissions

Table 4.13–1 summarizes annual and typical daily emissions of PM10, PM2.5, NOx, SOx and NH3
from nonroad mobile sources in Maricopa County. Table 4.13–2 shows annual and typical daily
emissions for these pollutants in the PM10 nonattainment area.
Table 4.13–1. Annual and typical daily emissions from nonroad mobile sources in Maricopa County.
Category
Agricultural
Airport GSE+APUs
Commercial
Construction & mining
Industrial
Lawn & garden
Pleasure craft
Railway maintenance
Recreational
Aircraft
Locomotives
Total:

PM10
29.45
22.07
114.81
1,179.08
97.08
209.49
7.06
1.03
43.65
211.21
40.56
1,955.49

Annual emissions (tons/yr)
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
28.56
330.49
0.19
0.62
21.62
406.04
19.16
109.77 1,361.42
1.89 20.84
1,141.28 12,937.30
9.31 24.44
94.54 1,839.35
3.47 32.72
193.80
866.64
2.10 21.81
6.52
96.56
0.11
2.40
1.00
8.55
0.00
0.02
40.20
66.10
0.28
2.19
198.88 2,588.82 308.79
39.34 1,406.08 151.98
1.06
1,875.51 21,907.35 497.28 106.10

Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
188.8
183.1 2,118.5
1.2
120.9
118.5 2,224.9
105.0
736.0
703.7 8,727.0
12.1
7,558.2 7,315.9 82,931.4
59.7
622.3
606.0 11,790.7
22.2
1,424.6 1,317.2 6,062.0
15.1
95.0
87.8 1,299.9
1.5
7.1
6.9
59.2
0.0
373.1
343.6
565.0
2.4
1,157.2 1,089.5 14,185.6 1,692.0
222.3
215.6 7,704.5
832.7
12,505.5 11,987.8 137,668.7 2,743.9

NH3
4.0
133.6
156.6
209.8
160.5
32.4
0.1
18.7
5.8
721.5

Table 4.13–2. Annual and typical daily emissions from nonroad mobile sources in the PM10 NAA.
Category
Agricultural
Airport GSE+APUs
Commercial
Construction & mining
Industrial
Lawn & garden
Pleasure craft
Railway maintenance
Recreational
Aircraft
Locomotives
Total:

4.14

PM10
12.65
21.88
114.77
1,133.79
97.04
210.83
5.36
1.04
7.79
207.15
19.54
1,831.84

Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SOx
12.27
141.97
0.08
0.26
81.1
78.6
910.0
0.5
21.44
400.37
19.03
119.9
117.5 2,193.8
104.3
109.73 1,360.88
1.89 20.83
735.7
703.4 8,723.6
12.1
1,097.44 12,440.29
8.95 23.50 7,267.9
7,034.9 79,745.5
57.4
94.50 1,838.63
3.47 32.71
622.1
605.8 11,786.1
22.2
195.04
872.19
2.11 21.95 1,433.7
1,325.6 6,100.9
15.2
4.95
73.32
0.08
1.83
72.1
66.7
987.0
1.1
1.01
8.60
0.00
0.02
7.2
7.0
59.5
0.0
7.17
11.79
0.05
0.39
66.6
61.3
100.8
0.4
195.15 2,583.11 307.21
1,135.0
1,069.1 14,154.3 1,683.4
18.96
693.63
72.23
0.50
107.1
103.9 3,800.7
395.8
1,757.66 20,424.78 415.10 101.99 11,648.4
11,173.8 128,562.2 2,292.4

NH3
1.7
133.5
150.6
209.7
161.5
24.6
0.1
3.3
2.7
687.7

Quality assurance procedures

Established procedures were used to check, and correct when necessary, the nonroad mobile
sources emissions estimates. All NONROAD2008a model input and output files, and Excel
spreadsheets used to calculate the emissions, were checked by personnel not involved in
developing the modeling inputs/outputs and spreadsheets being reviewed. In addition, the
emissions estimates were reviewed for reasonableness by external agency staff.

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4.15

References

ENVIRON et al., 2003. Maricopa County 2002 Comprehensive Emission Inventory for the Cap
and Trade Oversight Committee, Final Rep. prepared for Arizona Dept. of Environmental
Quality, Oct. 9, 2003.
Environ, 2007. Draft LADCO 2005 Locomotive Emissions. Prepared by Christian E. Lindhjem,
Environ International Corporation, Prepared for Michael Koerber, Lake Michigan Air
Director Consortium, February 2007.
ESRL, 2012, NOAA/ESRL Radiosonde Database. Internet address:
http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/raobs/.
FAA, 2012a, Air Traffic Activity System (ATADS). Internet address:
http://aspm.faa.gov/opsnet/sys/Airport.asp.
FAA, 2012b, Aviation Performance Metrics (APM). Internet address:
https://aspm.faa.gov/apm/sys/AnalysisAP.asp.
MCAQD, 2011. 2008 PM10 Periodic Emissions Inventory for the Maricopa County, Arizona,
Nonattainment Area. Revised June 2011.
NCDC, 2012, The 2008 1-miniute Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS) Data. Internet
address: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/asos-onemin/.
US EPA, 1999. Weekday and Weekend Day Temporal Allocation of Activity in the NONROAD
Model. EPA Office of Transportation and Air Quality, Rep. EPA420-P-99-033, March.
Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models/nonrdmdl/p99033.pdf.
US EPA, 2002. Geographic Allocation of State Level Nonroad Engine Population Data to the
County Level. EPA Office of Transportation and Air Quality, Rep. EPA420-P-02-009, July.
Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models/nonrdmdl/p02009.pdf.
US EPA, 2003. Documentation for the NONROAD Model Criteria Air Pollutant Component of
the National Emissions Inventory (NEI) for Base Years 1970–2001. Prepared by E.H.
Pechan & Associates for US EPA Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Sept. 2003.
Internet address:
ftp://ftp.epa.gov/EmisInventory/finalnei99ver3/criteria/documentation/nonroad/
nonroad_neimethods.pdf.
US EPA, 2009. Emission Factors for Locomotives. Office of Transportation and Air Quality.
Rep. EPA420-F-09-025, April 2009. Internet address:
http://www.epa.gov/nonroad/locomotv/420f09025.pdf

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5.

Onroad Mobile Sources

5.1

Introduction

Onroad mobile source emissions have been calculated for particulate matter for the 2011
Periodic Emissions Inventory (PEI) for the Maricopa County area. For the purposes of this
particulate matter inventory, the following pollutants were included: PM10, PM2.5, nitrogen
oxides (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and ammonia (NH3). PM10 refers to all particles less than or
equal to 10 micrometers in diameter and PM2.5 refers to particles less than or equal to 2.5
micrometers in diameter.
Onroad mobile source emissions were estimated for the PM10 nonattainment area (NAA)
(approximately 3,000 square miles), as well as for Maricopa County (approximately 9,000
square miles). Emission factors were calculated using Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator
(MOVES2010b), which is the latest model developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) for the purpose of estimating motor vehicle emission factors, and AP-42, which is
the EPA Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors. AP-42 emission factors were used to
calculate fugitive dust emissions, while MOVES2010b was used to estimate exhaust, tire wear,
and brake wear emissions.
The MOVES2010b modeling accounted for the oxygenated fuel and the Arizona Vehicle
Inspection/Maintenance (I/M) programs applied in Maricopa County in 2011. The fuel use
assumptions, including oxygen content and Reid Vapor Pressure (RVP), were derived from the
2011 fuel inspection results provided by the Arizona Department of Weights and Measures.
In order to develop the 2011 onroad mobile source emissions, the 2011 vehicle miles of travel
(VMT) estimates by facility type and road type were derived from the 2011 Highway
Performance Monitoring System (HPMS) data provided by the Arizona Department of
Transportation (ADOT). The distribution of VMT by vehicle type is based on the July 2011
vehicle registration data for Maricopa County provided by ADOT. The VMT by vehicle type
was provided as local input data for MOVES2010b to produce onroad exhaust, tire wear, and
brake wear emissions.
Paved road fugitive dust emission estimates were derived from the AP-42 equation published by
EPA in January 2011. The 2011 VMTs for freeways, high traffic arterials, and low traffic
arterials were derived from the 2011 traffic assignment produced by the MAG travel demand
model. Low traffic arterials carry less than 10,000 vehicles on an average weekday, while high
traffic arterials carry 10,000 or more vehicles on an average weekday. These traffic assignment
VMTs were normalized to 2011 HPMS VMTs and multiplied by the appropriate particulate
emission factors derived from the AP-42 equation for paved roads.
Public unpaved road VMTs were derived from the MAG 2009 Unpaved Road Inventory (MAG,
2010). VMTs for private unpaved roads and alleys were derived from a study conducted by
MAG in August-September 2011 (MAG, 2011). The public and private unpaved road and alley
VMTs were multiplied by the appropriate AP-42 emission factors.
The main references for preparing the onroad mobile source portion of the 2011 emissions
inventory were:

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• Emission Inventory Requirements for Ozone State Implementation Plans (US EPA, 1991);
• Procedures for Emission Inventory Preparation Volume IV: Mobile Sources (US EPA,
1992a);
• Quality Review Guidelines for 1990 Base Year Emission Inventories (US EPA, 1992b);
• Compilation of Air Pollutant Emissions Factors, AP-42 (US EPA, 2006);
• Technical Guidance on the Use of MOVES2010 for Emission Inventory Preparation in
State Implementation Plans and Transportation Conformity (US EPA, 2010a);
• User’s Guide for the SMOKE-MOVES Integration Tool (US EPA, 2010b); and
• Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator (MOVES) - User Guide Version, MOVES2010b (US
EPA, 2012a);
• Policy Guidance on the Use of MOVES2010 and Subsequent Minor Revisions for State
Implementation Plan Development, Transportation Conformity, and Other Purposes (US
EPA, 2012b); and
• Using MOVES to Prepare Emission Inventories in State Implementation Plans and
Transportation Conformity: Technical Guidance for MOVES2010, 2010a and 2010b (US
EPA, 2012c).

5.2

Exhaust, tire wear, and brake wear emissions calculation

Vehicle exhaust emission factors for PM10, PM2.5, NOx, SO2, and NH3, as well as tire wear and
brake wear emission factors for PM10 and PM2.5, were calculated using MOVES2010b. The
exhaust PM10 and PM2.5 estimates include the components of sulfate and carbon (organic and
elemental). The MOVES2010b runs were executed by MAG. The contact person for the
MOVES2010b emission estimates is Ieesuck Jung (602-254-6300).

5.2.1 MOVES2010b model
The emissions not related to fugitive dust were calculated using MOVES2010b. MOVES2010b
is EPA’s state-of-the-art emissions modeling tool, which replaces EPA’s previous mobile source
emissions model, MOBILE6.2. MOVES2010b is intended for official use to estimate national,
state, and county level inventories of criteria air pollutants from highway vehicles. The user of
MOVES2010b is allowed to specify vehicle types, time periods, geographical areas, pollutants,
vehicle operating characteristics, and road types for the particular scenario to be modeled by
creating a Run Specification (RunSpec).
In order to calculate vehicle emissions for the calendar year 2011, MOVES2010b was executed
using local input data for each month of the year and each geographical area (Maricopa County
and the PM10 NAA). Each scenario was created using the County Domain/Scale and the
Inventory Calculation Type. The specific MOVES2010b model RunSpec and RunSpec
summaries are described in Appendix C.

5.2.2

MOVES2010b local input data

Compared with MOBILE6.2, MOVES2010b requires a more detailed level of local data,
including fuel data, I/M program, meteorological data, vehicle population, source type age
distribution, annual VMT, monthly/daily/hourly VMT fractions, road type distribution, average
speed distribution, and ramp fraction.

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5.2.2.1 Fuel data
Regarding the fuel local input data, MOVES2010b provides two MOVES tables, which are
[fuelsupply] and [fuelformulation]. The fuel data for each month were derived from the 2011
fuel inspection results in Maricopa County provided by the Arizona Department of Weights and
Measures. The fuel data for Maricopa County were also applied to the PM10 NAA. The specific
MOVES tables for fuel data are presented in Appendix C.

5.2.2.2 I/M programs
MOVES2010b has an [IMCoverage] table for I/M programs; this table was prepared using
MOBILE6.2 input. This table reflects the actual proportions of vehicles subject to the specified
levels of inspection. The term “I/M vehicles” denotes vehicles which are required to undergo an
emission test and/or inspection under the Vehicle Inspection/Maintenance Program. It is
important to note that participation in the I/M program is required for all vehicles registered in
the Area A, with the exception of certain model years and vehicle classes. However, it is
assumed that 91.6 percent of the vehicles operating within the PM10 NAA and Maricopa County
participate in the I/M program and the remaining 8.4 percent do not participate in the program.
These percentages reflect the control measures “Tougher Enforcement of Vehicle Registration
and Emissions Test Compliance” and “Expansion of Area A Boundaries,” described in the MAG
Eight-Hour Ozone Redesignation Request and Maintenance Plan for the Maricopa
Nonattainment Area (MAG, 2009). This percentage is directly applied to the Compliance Factor
in the [IMCoverage] table. The same I/M programs were applied for Maricopa County and the
PM10 NAA. The specific MOVES table for I/M programs is presented in Appendix C.
5.2.2.3 Meteorological data
MOVES2010b requires hourly temperature and relative humidity data by specific month of the
year. Meteorological data for the Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport in 2011 were
obtained from the National Climatic Data Center (http://www7.ncdc.noaa.gov/IPS/lcd/lcd.html?_
page=1&state=AZ&wban=23183&_target2=Next+%3E). The same hourly average temperature
and relative humidity data for each month were applied for Maricopa County and the PM10
NAA. The specific MOVES table [ZoneMonthHour] for meteorological data is presented in
Appendix C.

5.2.2.4 Vehicle population
In order to capture start, evaporative, and extended idle emissions, MOVES2010b introduced a
new mobile source emission category called off-network emissions. In MOVES2010b, these
off-network emissions are directly determined by the population of vehicles in an area. The
vehicle population in Maricopa County was obtained from the July 2011 vehicle registration data
provided by ADOT. The vehicle population data were allocated to the 28 MOBILE6.2 vehicle
types based on MOBILE6.2 VMT fractions for 2011. Then, the vehicle population data
allocated to the 28 MOBILE6.2 vehicle types were assigned to the 13 MOVES source types
using the match-up table (Table A.1) in the EPA’s technical guidance (EPA, 2010a). The
vehicle population in the PM10 NAA was estimated by applying the population ratio of the two

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geographical areas to the vehicle population in Maricopa County. The specific MOVES table
[SourceTypeYear] for vehicle population is presented in Appendix C.

5.2.2.5 Source type age distribution
MOVES2010b categorizes vehicles according to different vehicle classes and model years. The
source type age distribution was prepared using EPA’s data converter that takes the registration
distribution input file created for MOBILE6.2 and converts it to the appropriate MOVES age
distribution input table [SourceTypeAgeDistribution]. The same source type age distribution
was applied for the PM10 NAA and Maricopa County. The specific MOVES table for source
type age distribution is presented in Appendix C.

5.2.2.6 Annual VMT
The 2011 daily VMTs by facility type were used to estimate onroad exhaust, tire wear, and brake
wear emissions. The 2011 VMT distributions by facility type for the PM10 NAA and Maricopa
County were obtained from the 2011 Maricopa County Estimates of Daily Vehicle Travel by
Highway Functional Classification provided by ADOT. The 2011 VMT distributions were multiplied by the 2011 HPMS VMT for the PM10 NAA and Maricopa County. The resultant VMT
estimates by facility type for the PM10 NAA and Maricopa County are shown in Table 5.2–1.
2011 daily VMT by facility type (annual average daily traffic).
PM10 NAA
Facility Type
(thousand miles/day)
Interstate
1,517
Other Principal Arterial
742
Minor Arterial
137
Major Collector
608
Minor Collector
79
Local
123
Interstate
10,881
Other Freeway/Expressway
19,219
Other Principal Arterial
21,425
Minor Arterial
13,735
Collector
4,670
Local
9,887
Total:
83,023
Urban

Rural

Table 5.2–1.

Maricopa County
(thousand miles/day)
3,247
1,589
293
1,301
168
264
11,182
19,750
22,017
14,115
4,799
10,160
88,885

Since MOVES2010b requires annual VMTs by HPMS vehicle type as a local input, the daily
VMTs by HPMS vehicle type were derived from the 2011 traffic assignment data provided by
the MAG Transportation Modeling Group in May 2011 and the daily VMTs by facility type and
the estimated percentages of daily vehicle travel by vehicle type and highway functional
classification provided by ADOT. Then, the daily VMTs by HPMS vehicle type were multiplied
by 365 days to obtain the annual VMTs by HPMS vehicle type. The specific MOVES table
[HPMSvTypeYear] for annual VMT is presented in Appendix C.

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5.2.2.7 Road type distribution
MOVES2010b requires the distribution of VMTs by road type as a local input. The road type
VMT distribution by HPMS vehicle type was derived from the 2011 traffic assignment data and
the daily VMTs by HPMS vehicle type mentioned in the previous section. As suggested in
EPA’s technical guidance (EPA, 2010a), the same road type distribution by HPMS vehicle type
was used for all MOVES source types within an HPMS vehicle class. The specific MOVES
table [RoadTypeDistribution] for road type distribution is presented in Appendix C.

5.2.2.8 VMT fraction
Since VMT varies by month, day of week, and hour, MOVES2010b requires month/day/hour
VMT fractions as a local input in order to derive hourly VMT for each weekday/weekend and
month from the annual VMT. The month/day/hour VMT fractions were developed from data
recorded by continuous traffic counters on freeways (ADOT Freeway Management System) and
arterials (Phoenix Automatic Traffic Recorders) during the year 2007. The specific MOVES
tables [MonthVMTFraction], [DayVMTFraction], and [HourVMTFraction] for VMT fractions
are presented in Appendix C.

5.2.2.9 Average speed distribution
In MOVES2010b, vehicle power, speed, and acceleration have a significant effect on vehicle
emissions for all pollutants. MOVES2010b estimates those emission effects by assigning
activity to operating mode distributions, which are determined by the distribution of vehicle
hours traveled (VHT) by average speed. As recommended in EPA’s technical guidance (EPA,
2010a), local estimates of average speed were developed by post-processing the output from the
2011 traffic assignment data provided by the MAG Transportation Modeling Group in May
2011. To develop the average speed distribution, VHTs in sixteen speed bins were accumulated
separately for each hour of the day, source type, and road type in Maricopa County. Then, the
average speed distribution was calculated by normalizing VHTs in sixteen speed bins for each
hour of the day, source type, and road type. The same methodology was applied to develop the
speed estimates for the PM10 NAA. The specific MOVES table [AvgSpeedDistribution] for the
average speed distribution is presented in Appendix C.

5.2.2.10 Ramp fraction
MOVES2010b requires the ramp fraction, which represents the percent of VHT on ramps, on
both rural restricted roads (road type 2) and urban restricted roads (road type 4). The fraction of
VHT on ramps was derived by dividing the total VHTs on ramps by the total VHTs for each
restricted road type. Those VHTs were obtained from the 2011 traffic assignment data provided
by the MAG Transportation Modeling Group in May 2011. The specific MOVES table
[RoadType] for ramp fractions is presented in Appendix C.

5.2.3 MOVES2010b outputs
MOVES2010b was executed with the RunSpec files described in Appendix C to obtain exhaust,
tire wear, and brake wear emissions for PM10, PM2.5, NOx, SO2, and NH3. These values were
obtained for the following twelve vehicle classes: light duty gasoline vehicles (LDGV), light
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duty gasoline trucks 1 & 2 (LDGT1), light duty gasoline trucks 3 and 4 (LDGT2), heavy duty
gasoline vehicles 2B thru 8B and gasoline buses (HDGV), motorcycles (MC), light duty diesel
vehicles (LDDV), light duty diesel trucks 1 thru 4 (LDDT), heavy duty diesel vehicles class 2B
(2BHDDV), heavy duty diesel vehicles class 3, 4, and 5 (LHDDV), heavy duty diesel vehicles
class 6 and 7 (MHDDV), heavy duty diesel vehicles class 8A and 8B (HHDDV), and heavy duty
diesel buses (BUSES); by the following thirteen facility types: rural interstate, rural principal
arterial, rural minor arterial, rural major collector, rural minor collector, rural local, urban
interstate, urban freeway/expressway, urban principal arterial, urban minor arterial, urban
collector, urban local, and off-network, which was newly added in MOVES2010b; by weekdays
and weekend days; by month.

5.2.4 MOVES2010b emission estimates
MOVES2010b was used to generate onroad emissions by vehicle class, facility type,
weekdays/weekend days, and month. The annual emissions were calculated by aggregating
monthly onroad emissions derived by adding monthly weekday emissions, which is the product
of daily weekday emissions estimated by MOVES2010b and the number of weekdays for a given
month, and monthly weekend emissions, which is the product of daily weekend emissions
estimated by MOVES2010b and the number of weekend days for a given month. The typical
daily emissions were calculated by dividing the annual emissions by 365 days.
Tables 5.2–2 and 5.2–3 show the calculated annual and typical daily PM10, PM2.5, NOx, SO2, and
NH3 emissions by facility type and vehicle class in the PM10 NAA and Maricopa County,
respectively. Emission estimates for PM10 and PM2.5 in these tables represent exhaust, tire wear,
and brake wear emissions.

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Table 5.2–2. Annual and typical daily onroad mobile source emissions by facility type and vehicle class in
the PM10 NAA.
Facility
Type

Vehicle
Class
LDGV
LDGT1
LDGT2
HDGV
MC
Rural LDDV
Interstate LDDT
2BHDDV
LHDDV
MHDDV
HHDDV
BUSES
LDGV
LDGT1
LDGT2
HDGV
MC
Rural LDDV
Principal
Arterial LDDT
2BHDDV
LHDDV
MHDDV
HHDDV
BUSES
LDGV
LDGT1
LDGT2
HDGV
MC
Rural LDDV
Minor
Arterial LDDT
2BHDDV
LHDDV
MHDDV
HHDDV
BUSES
LDGV
LDGT1
LDGT2
HDGV
MC
Rural LDDV
Major
Collector LDDT
2BHDDV
LHDDV
MHDDV
HHDDV
BUSES

SCC
2201001110
2201020110
2201040110
2201070110
2201080110
2230001110
2230060110
2230071110
2230072110
2230073110
2230074110
2230075110
2201001130
2201020130
2201040130
2201070130
2201080130
2230001130
2230060130
2230071130
2230072130
2230073130
2230074130
2230075130
2201001150
2201020150
2201040150
2201070150
2201080150
2230001150
2230060150
2230071150
2230072150
2230073150
2230074150
2230075150
2201001170
2201020170
2201040170
2201070170
2201080170
2230001170
2230060170
2230071170
2230072170
2230073170
2230074170
2230075170

Annual emissions (tons/year)
PM10
PM2.5 NOx
SO2
3.58
2.12
90.59 0.92
4.60
2.93 197.03 1.15
2.37
1.51 101.50 0.59
0.96
0.50
60.31 0.27
0.18
0.15
3.49 0.02
0.07
0.06
0.69 0.00
0.74
0.69
11.54 0.01
0.31
0.29
5.11 0.00
1.81
1.68
27.18 0.02
7.38
6.45 137.31 0.12
23.18
20.76 472.88 0.42
1.04
0.94
19.60 0.01
2.87
1.28
58.07 0.62
1.83
0.86
63.25 0.38
0.94
0.44
32.58 0.20
0.31
0.13
14.08 0.07
0.20
0.17
5.10 0.03
0.04
0.03
0.52 0.00
0.27
0.24
4.36 0.00
0.11
0.10
1.94 0.00
0.65
0.59
10.25 0.01
1.42
1.20
23.01 0.02
4.00
3.47
67.77 0.06
0.35
0.31
5.77 0.00
2.79
1.25
56.43 0.60
1.77
0.83
61.46 0.37
0.91
0.43
31.66 0.19
0.30
0.13
13.68 0.07
0.20
0.16
4.95 0.03
0.04
0.03
0.51 0.00
0.26
0.23
4.24 0.00
0.11
0.10
1.88 0.00
0.64
0.58
9.96 0.01
1.38
1.17
22.36 0.02
3.88
3.37
65.85 0.06
0.34
0.30
5.60 0.00
0.52
0.23
10.52 0.11
0.33
0.16
11.46 0.07
0.17
0.08
5.90 0.04
0.06
0.02
2.55 0.01
0.04
0.03
0.92 0.01
0.01
0.01
0.09 0.00
0.05
0.04
0.79 0.00
0.02
0.02
0.35 0.00
0.12
0.11
1.86 0.00
0.26
0.22
4.17 0.00
0.72
0.63
12.27 0.01
0.06
0.06
1.04 0.00

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

99

NH3
6.92
7.05
3.63
1.21
0.21
0.01
0.09
0.04
0.21
0.58
1.48
0.05
4.21
2.15
1.11
0.33
0.27
0.00
0.03
0.01
0.06
0.10
0.21
0.01
4.09
2.09
1.08
0.32
0.27
0.00
0.03
0.01
0.06
0.10
0.20
0.01
0.76
0.39
0.20
0.06
0.05
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.04
0.00

Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
PM10
PM2.5 NOx
SO2
19.6
11.6
496.4
5.0
25.2
16.1 1,079.6
6.3
13.0
8.3
556.2
3.3
5.3
2.8
330.5
1.5
1.0
0.8
19.1
0.1
0.4
0.3
3.8
0.0
4.1
3.8
63.2
0.1
1.7
1.6
28.0
0.0
9.9
9.2
148.9
0.1
40.4
35.4
752.4
0.7
127.0
113.8 2,591.1
2.3
5.7
5.1
107.4
0.1
15.7
7.0
318.2
3.4
10.0
4.7
346.6
2.1
5.2
2.4
178.5
1.1
1.7
0.7
77.1
0.4
1.1
0.9
27.9
0.2
0.2
0.2
2.9
0.0
1.5
1.3
23.9
0.0
0.6
0.6
10.6
0.0
3.6
3.2
56.1
0.0
7.8
6.6
126.1
0.1
21.9
19.0
371.3
0.3
1.9
1.7
31.6
0.0
15.3
6.8
309.2
3.3
9.7
4.6
336.8
2.0
5.0
2.4
173.5
1.1
1.6
0.7
74.9
0.4
1.1
0.9
27.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
2.8
0.0
1.4
1.3
23.2
0.0
0.6
0.5
10.3
0.0
3.5
3.2
54.6
0.0
7.6
6.4
122.5
0.1
21.3
18.5
360.8
0.3
1.9
1.6
30.7
0.0
2.9
1.3
57.6
0.6
1.8
0.9
62.8
0.4
0.9
0.4
32.3
0.2
0.3
0.1
14.0
0.1
0.2
0.2
5.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.5
0.0
0.3
0.2
4.3
0.0
0.1
0.1
1.9
0.0
0.6
0.6
10.2
0.0
1.4
1.2
22.8
0.0
4.0
3.4
67.3
0.1
0.3
0.3
5.7
0.0

NH3
37.9
38.6
19.9
6.6
1.1
0.0
0.5
0.2
1.2
3.2
8.1
0.3
23.1
11.8
6.1
1.8
1.5
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.6
1.2
0.1
22.4
11.4
5.9
1.8
1.5
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.6
1.1
0.1
4.2
2.1
1.1
0.3
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.0

January 2014

Table 5.2–2 (continued). Annual and typical daily onroad mobile source emissions by facility type and vehicle
class in the PM10 NAA.
Facility
Type

Vehicle
Class
LDGV
LDGT1
LDGT2
HDGV
MC
Rural
LDDV
Minor
Collector LDDT
2BHDDV
LHDDV
MHDDV
HHDDV
BUSES
LDGV
LDGT1
LDGT2
HDGV
MC
Rural LDDV
Local LDDT
2BHDDV
LHDDV
MHDDV
HHDDV
BUSES
LDGV
LDGT1
LDGT2
HDGV
MC
Urban LDDV
Interstate LDDT
2BHDDV
LHDDV
MHDDV
HHDDV
BUSES
LDGV
LDGT1
LDGT2
HDGV
Urban MC
Freeway LDDV
And LDDT
Expressway2BHDDV
LHDDV
MHDDV
HHDDV
BUSES

Annual emissions (tons/year)
PM10
PM2.5 NOx
SO2
SCC
0.12
0.05
2.43
0.03
2201001190
0.08
0.04
2.65
0.02
2201020190
0.04
0.02
1.37
0.01
2201040190
0.01
0.01
0.59
0.00
2201070190
0.01
0.01
0.21
0.00
2201080190
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.00
2230001190
0.01
0.01
0.18
0.00
2230060190
0.00
0.00
0.08
0.00
2230071190
0.03
0.02
0.43
0.00
2230072190
0.06
0.05
0.96
0.00
2230073190
0.17
0.15
2.84
0.00
2230074190
0.01
0.01
0.24
0.00
2230075190
1.26
0.56
25.44
0.27
2201001210
0.80
0.38
27.71
0.17
2201020210
0.41
0.19
14.27
0.09
2201040210
0.13
0.06
6.17
0.03
2201070210
0.09
0.07
2.23
0.01
2201080210
0.02
0.01
0.23
0.00
2230001210
0.12
0.11
1.91
0.00
2230060210
0.05
0.04
0.85
0.00
2230071210
0.29
0.26
4.49
0.00
2230072210
0.62
0.53
10.08
0.01
2230073210
1.75
1.52
29.69
0.03
2230074210
0.15
0.13
2.53
0.00
2230075210
31.89 1,119.58 11.63
2201001230 55.76
29.94 1,598.64
9.71
2201020230 49.50
15.42 823.54
5.00
2201040230 25.50
5.58 593.00
2.71
2201070230 11.26
4.69
4.12
73.22
0.48
2201080230
1.05
0.94
8.79
0.01
2230001230
6.78
6.20 102.73
0.08
2230060230
2.86
2.61
45.55
0.04
2230071230
16.48
15.11
241.98
0.18
2230072230
65.35 1,312.96
1.18
2230073230 76.32
3.35
2230074230 209.89 183.55 3,738.11
14.24 271.96
0.16
2230075230 15.98
33.46 1,174.64 12.20
2201001250 58.50
31.41 1,677.26 10.19
2201020250 51.94
16.18 864.04
5.25
2201040250 26.76
5.86 622.16
2.84
2201070250 11.81
4.92
4.32
76.82
0.50
2201080250
1.10
0.98
9.22
0.01
2230001250
7.11
6.50 107.79
0.08
2230060250
3.01
2.74
47.79
0.04
2230071250
15.85 253.88
0.19
2230072250 17.29
68.57 1,377.53
1.24
2230073250 80.08
3.51
2230074250 220.21 192.58 3,921.96
14.94 285.34
0.17
2230075250 16.76

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

100

Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
NH3
PM10
PM2.5 NOx
SO2
NH3
0.18
0.7
0.3
13.3
0.1
1.0
0.09
0.4
0.2
14.5
0.1
0.5
0.05
0.2
0.1
7.5
0.0
0.3
0.01
0.1
0.0
3.2
0.0
0.1
0.01
0.0
0.0
1.2
0.0
0.1
0.00
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.00
0.1
0.1
1.0
0.0
0.0
0.00
0.0
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.00
0.2
0.1
2.4
0.0
0.0
0.00
0.3
0.3
5.3
0.0
0.0
0.01
0.9
0.8
15.6
0.0
0.0
0.00
0.1
0.1
1.3
0.0
0.0
1.84
6.9
3.1
139.4
1.5
10.1
0.94
4.4
2.1
151.8
0.9
5.2
0.48
2.3
1.1
78.2
0.5
2.7
0.14
0.7
0.3
33.8
0.2
0.8
0.12
0.5
0.4
12.2
0.1
0.7
0.00
0.1
0.1
1.3
0.0
0.0
0.01
0.6
0.6
10.5
0.0
0.1
0.01
0.3
0.2
4.7
0.0
0.0
0.03
1.6
1.4
24.6
0.0
0.2
0.05
3.4
2.9
55.2
0.0
0.2
0.09
9.6
8.3
162.7
0.1
0.5
0.01
0.8
0.7
13.8
0.0
0.0
82.53
305.5
174.8 6,134.7
63.7 452.2
56.18
271.2
164.0 8,759.7
53.2 307.9
28.94
139.7
84.5 4,512.5
27.4 158.6
10.42
61.7
30.6 3,249.3
14.8
57.1
4.24
25.7
22.6
401.2
2.6
23.2
0.07
5.8
5.1
48.2
0.1
0.4
0.70
37.1
34.0
562.9
0.4
3.9
0.32
15.7
14.3
249.6
0.2
1.7
1.63
90.3
82.8 1,325.9
1.0
9.0
5.25
418.2
358.1 7,194.3
6.5
28.8
11.22 1,150.1 1,005.8 20,482.8
18.3
61.5
0.61
87.5
78.0 1,490.2
0.9
3.3
86.59
320.6
183.3 6,436.4
66.9 474.5
58.95
284.6
172.1 9,190.5
55.8 323.0
30.37
146.6
88.7 4,734.5
28.8 166.4
10.93
64.7
32.1 3,409.1
15.6
59.9
4.45
26.9
23.7
420.9
2.7
24.4
0.07
6.0
5.4
50.5
0.1
0.4
0.74
39.0
35.6
590.6
0.5
4.0
0.33
16.5
15.0
261.9
0.2
1.8
1.71
94.7
86.8 1,391.1
1.0
9.4
5.51
438.8
375.7 7,548.1
6.8
30.2
11.77 1,206.6 1,055.2 21,490.2
19.3
64.5
0.64
91.8
81.9 1,563.5
0.9
3.5

January 2014

Table 5.2–2 (continued). Annual and typical daily onroad mobile source emissions by facility type and vehicle
class in the PM10 NAA.
Facility
Type

Vehicle
Class
LDGV
LDGT1
LDGT2
HDGV
MC
Urban
LDDV
Principal
Arterial LDDT
2BHDDV
LHDDV
MHDDV
HHDDV
BUSES
LDGV
LDGT1
LDGT2
HDGV
MC
Urban
LDDV
Minor
Arterial LDDT
2BHDDV
LHDDV
MHDDV
HHDDV
BUSES
LDGV
LDGT1
LDGT2
HDGV
MC
Urban LDDV
Collector LDDT
2BHDDV
LHDDV
MHDDV
HHDDV
BUSES
LDGV
LDGT1
LDGT2
HDGV
MC
Urban LDDV
Local LDDT
2BHDDV
LHDDV
MHDDV
HHDDV
BUSES

SCC
2201001270
2201020270
2201040270
2201070270
2201080270
2230001270
2230060270
2230071270
2230072270
2230073270
2230074270
2230075270
2201001290
2201020290
2201040290
2201070290
2201080290
2230001290
2230060290
2230071290
2230072290
2230073290
2230074290
2230075290
2201001310
2201020310
2201040310
2201070310
2201080310
2230001310
2230060310
2230071310
2230072310
2230073310
2230074310
2230075310
2201001330
2201020330
2201040330
2201070330
2201080330
2230001330
2230060330
2230071330
2230072330
2230073330
2230074330
2230075330

Annual emissions (tons/year)
PM10
PM2.5 NOx
SO2
166.80
65.87 2,454.76 27.42
101.39
41.31 2,262.60 15.03
52.23
21.28 1,165.58
7.74
18.93
6.81 524.90
2.90
6.24
5.05 120.69
0.94
1.80
1.38
24.82
0.03
12.04
10.44 202.55
0.13
5.13
4.43
90.04
0.06
29.28
25.53 476.80
0.29
77.96
61.97 1,113.72
0.97
218.00 180.86 2,979.96
2.65
17.07
14.27 228.85
0.13
84.78
33.48 1,247.74 13.94
51.54
21.00 1,150.07
7.64
26.55
10.82 592.46
3.93
9.62
3.46 266.80
1.47
3.17
2.57
61.35
0.48
0.91
0.70
12.62
0.02
6.12
5.31 102.95
0.06
2.61
2.25
45.77
0.03
14.88
12.97 242.36
0.15
39.63
31.50 566.10
0.49
110.81
91.93 1,514.70
1.35
8.68
7.25 116.32
0.07
16.56
6.54 243.68
2.72
10.06
4.10 224.60
1.49
5.18
2.11 115.70
0.77
1.88
0.68
52.10
0.29
0.62
0.50
11.98
0.09
0.18
0.14
2.46
0.00
1.20
1.04
20.11
0.01
0.51
0.44
8.94
0.01
2.91
2.53
47.33
0.03
7.74
6.15 110.55
0.10
21.64
17.95 295.81
0.26
1.69
1.42
22.72
0.01
79.92
31.56 1,176.23 13.14
48.58
19.80 1,084.16
7.20
25.03
10.20 558.51
3.71
9.07
3.26 251.51
1.39
2.99
2.42
57.83
0.45
0.86
0.66
11.89
0.02
5.77
5.00
97.05
0.06
2.46
2.12
43.15
0.03
14.03
12.23 228.47
0.14
37.36
29.69 533.65
0.46
104.46
86.66 1,427.90
1.27
8.18
6.84 109.66
0.06

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

101

Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
NH3
PM10
PM2.5 NOx
SO2
NH3
167.28
914.0
361.0 13,450.7 150.2 916.6
73.19
555.6
226.4 12,397.8
82.3 401.1
37.71
286.2
116.6 6,386.7
42.4 206.6
11.51
103.7
37.3 2,876.1
15.9
63.0
6.59
34.2
27.7
661.3
5.2
36.1
0.13
9.8
7.5
136.0
0.2
0.7
0.90
66.0
57.2 1,109.8
0.7
4.9
0.40
28.1
24.3
493.4
0.3
2.2
2.09
160.4
139.9 2,612.6
1.6
11.4
3.89
427.2
339.6 6,102.5
5.3
21.3
7.75 1,194.5
991.0 16,328.6
14.5
42.5
0.46
93.5
78.2 1,254.0
0.7
2.5
85.03
464.6
183.5 6,836.9
76.4 465.9
37.20
282.4
115.1 6,301.7
41.8 203.9
19.17
145.5
59.3 3,246.4
21.6 105.0
5.85
52.7
19.0 1,461.9
8.1
32.0
3.35
17.4
14.1
336.1
2.6
18.3
0.07
5.0
3.8
69.1
0.1
0.4
0.46
33.5
29.1
564.1
0.4
2.5
0.21
14.3
12.3
250.8
0.2
1.1
1.06
81.5
71.1 1,328.0
0.8
5.8
1.98
217.1
172.6 3,101.9
2.7
10.8
3.94
607.2
503.7 8,299.7
7.4
21.6
0.24
47.5
39.7
637.4
0.4
1.3
16.61
90.7
35.8 1,335.2
14.9
91.0
7.27
55.1
22.5 1,230.7
8.2
39.8
3.74
28.4
11.6
634.0
4.2
20.5
1.14
10.3
3.7
285.5
1.6
6.3
0.65
3.4
2.7
65.6
0.5
3.6
0.01
1.0
0.7
13.5
0.0
0.1
0.09
6.5
5.7
110.2
0.1
0.5
0.04
2.8
2.4
49.0
0.0
0.2
0.21
15.9
13.9
259.3
0.2
1.1
0.39
42.4
33.7
605.8
0.5
2.1
0.77
118.6
98.4 1,620.9
1.4
4.2
0.05
9.3
7.8
124.5
0.1
0.3
80.15
437.9
173.0 6,445.1
72.0 439.2
35.07
266.2
108.5 5,940.6
39.5 192.2
18.07
137.1
55.9 3,060.3
20.3
99.0
5.51
49.7
17.9 1,378.1
7.6
30.2
3.16
16.4
13.3
316.9
2.5
17.3
0.06
4.7
3.6
65.2
0.1
0.4
0.43
31.6
27.4
531.8
0.3
2.4
0.19
13.5
11.6
236.4
0.1
1.1
1.00
76.9
67.0 1,251.9
0.8
5.5
1.87
204.7
162.7 2,924.1
2.5
10.2
3.72
572.4
474.9 7,824.1
6.9
20.4
0.22
44.8
37.5
600.9
0.3
1.2

January 2014

Table 5.2–2 (continued). Annual and typical daily onroad mobile source emissions by facility type and vehicle
class in the PM10 NAA.
Facility
Type

Vehicle
Class
LDGV
LDGT1
LDGT2
HDGV
MC
LDDV
Off-Network
LDDT
2BHDDV
LHDDV
MHDDV
HHDDV
BUSES

SCC
2201001000
2201020000
2201040000
2201070000
2201080000
2230001000
2230060000
2230071000
2230072000
2230073000
2230074000
2230075000

Annual emissions (tons/year)
PM10
PM2.5 NOx
SO2
62.75
57.78 4,385.52
4.26
17.88
16.46 1,456.07
0.93
9.21
8.48 750.10
0.48
2.41
2.22 215.13
0.13
0.08
0.07
2.41
0.02
10.02
9.72
27.39
0.01
1.15
1.11
26.36
0.01
0.43
0.41
11.56
0.00
2.63
2.55
61.80
0.01
1.57
1.52 143.06
0.03
23.95
23.23 2,653.09
0.37
0.20
0.19
4.41
0.00

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

102

NH3
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
PM10
PM2.5 NOx
SO2
343.8
316.6 24,030.2
23.3
97.9
90.2 7,978.5
5.1
50.5
46.5 4,110.1
2.6
13.2
12.1 1,178.8
0.7
0.4
0.4
13.2
0.1
54.9
53.3
150.1
0.0
6.3
6.1
144.4
0.0
2.3
2.3
63.3
0.0
14.4
14.0
338.6
0.1
8.6
8.3
783.9
0.1
131.2
127.3 14,537.5
2.0
1.1
1.1
24.2
0.0

NH3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0

January 2014

Table 5.2–3. Annual and typical daily onroad mobile source emissions by facility type and vehicle class in
Maricopa County.
Facility
Type

Vehicle
Class
LDGV
LDGT1
LDGT2
HDGV
MC
Rural LDDV
Interstate LDDT
2BHDDV
LHDDV
MHDDV
HHDDV
BUSES
LDGV
LDGT1
LDGT2
HDGV
MC
Rural
LDDV
Principal
Arterial LDDT
2BHDDV
LHDDV
MHDDV
HHDDV
BUSES
LDGV
LDGT1
LDGT2
HDGV
MC
Rural
LDDV
Minor
Arterial LDDT
2BHDDV
LHDDV
MHDDV
HHDDV
BUSES
LDGV
LDGT1
LDGT2
HDGV
MC
Rural
LDDV
Major
Collector LDDT
2BHDDV
LHDDV
MHDDV
HHDDV
BUSES

SCC
2201001110
2201020110
2201040110
2201070110
2201080110
2230001110
2230060110
2230071110
2230072110
2230073110
2230074110
2230075110
2201001130
2201020130
2201040130
2201070130
2201080130
2230001130
2230060130
2230071130
2230072130
2230073130
2230074130
2230075130
2201001150
2201020150
2201040150
2201070150
2201080150
2230001150
2230060150
2230071150
2230072150
2230073150
2230074150
2230075150
2201001170
2201020170
2201040170
2201070170
2201080170
2230001170
2230060170
2230071170
2230072170
2230073170
2230074170
2230075170

Annual emissions (tons/year)
PM10
PM2.5 NOx
SO2
NH3
6.00
3.62 166.74
1.67 12.70
9.98
6.55 475.25
2.73 16.91
5.14
3.38 244.83
1.41
8.71
1.85
1.02 118.92
0.55
2.64
0.35
0.31
7.49
0.05
0.45
0.12
0.11
1.25
0.00
0.01
1.69
1.58
27.11
0.02
0.22
0.71
0.66
12.00
0.01
0.10
4.12
3.85
63.90
0.05
0.51
14.34
12.67 281.49
0.26
1.16
52.08
47.14 1,129.87
1.01
3.49
1.76
1.59
34.23
0.02
0.08
5.55
2.49 113.61
1.21
8.26
4.18
1.99 149.19
0.90
5.09
2.15
1.02
76.86
0.46
2.62
0.68
0.29
31.89
0.16
0.76
0.43
0.36
10.98
0.07
0.59
0.07
0.06
1.02
0.00
0.01
0.62
0.56
10.05
0.01
0.07
0.26
0.24
4.46
0.00
0.03
1.51
1.37
23.59
0.02
0.15
3.10
2.63
51.42
0.05
0.23
8.92
7.79 159.49
0.14
0.51
0.75
0.66
12.48
0.01
0.03
5.39
2.42 110.40
1.17
8.02
4.06
1.93 144.97
0.87
4.94
2.09
0.99
74.68
0.45
2.55
0.66
0.28
30.98
0.15
0.74
0.42
0.35
10.67
0.07
0.57
0.07
0.06
0.99
0.00
0.01
0.60
0.55
9.76
0.01
0.06
0.26
0.23
4.34
0.00
0.03
1.47
1.34
22.92
0.02
0.15
3.02
2.56
49.96
0.04
0.23
8.67
7.57 154.98
0.14
0.49
0.73
0.64
12.13
0.01
0.03
1.01
0.45
20.58
0.22
1.50
0.76
0.36
27.02
0.16
0.92
0.39
0.19
13.92
0.08
0.47
0.12
0.05
5.78
0.03
0.14
0.08
0.07
1.99
0.01
0.11
0.01
0.01
0.18
0.00
0.00
0.11
0.10
1.82
0.00
0.01
0.05
0.04
0.81
0.00
0.01
0.27
0.25
4.27
0.00
0.03
0.56
0.48
9.31
0.01
0.04
1.62
1.41
28.89
0.03
0.09
0.14
0.12
2.26
0.00
0.01

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

103

Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
PM10
PM2.5 NOx
SO2
32.9
19.9
913.7
9.1
54.7
35.9 2,604.1
15.0
28.2
18.5 1,341.5
7.7
10.1
5.6
651.6
3.0
1.9
1.7
41.0
0.3
0.7
0.6
6.8
0.0
9.3
8.7
148.5
0.1
3.9
3.6
65.8
0.1
22.6
21.1
350.2
0.3
78.6
69.4 1,542.4
1.4
285.4
258.3 6,191.1
5.5
9.6
8.7
187.5
0.1
30.4
13.6
622.5
6.6
22.9
10.9
817.5
4.9
11.8
5.6
421.1
2.5
3.7
1.6
174.7
0.9
2.4
2.0
60.2
0.4
0.4
0.3
5.6
0.0
3.4
3.1
55.0
0.0
1.4
1.3
24.5
0.0
8.3
7.5
129.3
0.1
17.0
14.4
281.7
0.2
48.9
42.7
873.9
0.8
4.1
3.6
68.4
0.0
29.5
13.2
604.9
6.4
22.3
10.6
794.4
4.8
11.5
5.5
409.2
2.5
3.6
1.5
169.8
0.8
2.3
1.9
58.5
0.4
0.4
0.3
5.4
0.0
3.3
3.0
53.5
0.0
1.4
1.3
23.8
0.0
8.1
7.3
125.6
0.1
16.5
14.0
273.8
0.2
47.5
41.5
849.2
0.8
4.0
3.5
66.5
0.0
5.5
2.5
112.7
1.2
4.1
2.0
148.1
0.9
2.1
1.0
76.3
0.5
0.7
0.3
31.6
0.2
0.4
0.4
10.9
0.1
0.1
0.1
1.0
0.0
0.6
0.6
10.0
0.0
0.3
0.2
4.4
0.0
1.5
1.4
23.4
0.0
3.1
2.6
51.0
0.0
8.9
7.7
158.3
0.1
0.7
0.7
12.4
0.0

NH3
69.6
92.6
47.7
14.5
2.5
0.1
1.2
0.5
2.8
6.3
19.1
0.4
45.2
27.9
14.4
4.2
3.2
0.0
0.4
0.2
0.8
1.3
2.8
0.2
44.0
27.1
13.9
4.1
3.1
0.0
0.4
0.2
0.8
1.2
2.7
0.2
8.2
5.0
2.6
0.8
0.6
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.0

January 2014

Table 5.2–3 (continued). Annual and typical daily onroad mobile source emissions by facility type and vehicle
class in Maricopa County.
Facility
Type

Vehicle
Class
LDGV
LDGT1
LDGT2
HDGV
MC
Rural
LDDV
Minor
Collector LDDT
2BHDDV
LHDDV
MHDDV
HHDDV
BUSES
LDGV
LDGT1
LDGT2
HDGV
MC
Rural LDDV
Local LDDT
2BHDDV
LHDDV
MHDDV
HHDDV
BUSES
LDGV
LDGT1
LDGT2
HDGV
MC
Urban LDDV
Interstate LDDT
2BHDDV
LHDDV
MHDDV
HHDDV
BUSES
LDGV
LDGT1
LDGT2
HDGV
Urban MC
Freeway
LDDV
And
Expressw LDDT
2BHDDV
ay
LHDDV
MHDDV
HHDDV
BUSES

SCC
2201001190
2201020190
2201040190
2201070190
2201080190
2230001190
2230060190
2230071190
2230072190
2230073190
2230074190
2230075190
2201001210
2201020210
2201040210
2201070210
2201080210
2230001210
2230060210
2230071210
2230072210
2230073210
2230074210
2230075210
2201001230
2201020230
2201040230
2201070230
2201080230
2230001230
2230060230
2230071230
2230072230
2230073230
2230074230
2230075230
2201001250
2201020250
2201040250
2201070250
2201080250
2230001250
2230060250
2230071250
2230072250
2230073250
2230074250
2230075250

Annual emissions (tons/year)
PM10
PM2.5 NOx
SO2
0.23
0.10
4.76
0.05
0.18
0.08
6.26
0.04
0.09
0.04
3.22
0.02
0.03
0.01
1.34
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.46
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.04
0.00
0.03
0.02
0.42
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.19
0.00
0.06
0.06
0.99
0.00
0.13
0.11
2.16
0.00
0.37
0.33
6.69
0.01
0.03
0.03
0.52
0.00
2.43
1.09
49.77 0.53
1.83
0.87
65.35 0.39
0.94
0.45
33.67
0.20
0.30
0.13
13.97
0.07
0.19
0.16
4.81
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.45
0.00
0.27
0.25
4.40
0.00
0.12
0.10
1.96
0.00
0.66
0.60
10.33
0.01
1.36
1.15
22.52
0.02
3.91
3.41
69.87 0.06
0.33
0.29
5.47
0.00
57.00
32.71 1,147.02 11.90
50.87
30.86 1,645.13 9.99
26.21
15.90 847.49 5.14
11.62
5.77 613.34 2.80
4.84
4.25
75.30 0.49
1.08
0.96
8.99
0.01
6.97
6.37 105.63 0.08
2.94
2.68
46.83 0.04
16.94
15.53 248.83 0.19
79.11
67.75 1,361.53 1.23
217.75 190.46 3,879.33 3.48
16.55
14.75 281.59 0.17
59.81
34.32 1,203.43 12.48
53.37
32.38 1,726.04 10.48
27.49
16.68 889.17 5.40
12.19
6.05 643.51 2.93
5.07
4.46
79.00 0.52
1.13
1.01
9.43
0.01
7.31
6.69 110.83 0.09
3.09
2.82
49.13 0.04
17.77
16.30 261.06 0.20
83.00
71.08 1,428.49 1.29
228.46 199.83 4,070.12 3.65
17.36
15.48 295.43 0.18

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

104

NH3
0.35
0.21
0.11
0.03
0.02
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.00
3.62
2.23
1.15
0.33
0.26
0.00
0.03
0.01
0.07
0.10
0.22
0.01
84.51
57.81
29.78
10.74
4.36
0.07
0.72
0.33
1.68
5.44
11.64
0.63
88.67
60.65
31.24
11.27
4.57
0.07
0.76
0.34
1.76
5.71
12.21
0.66

Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
PM10
PM2.5 NOx
SO2 NH3
1.3
0.6
26.1
0.3
1.9
1.0
0.5
34.3
0.2
1.2
0.5
0.2
17.7
0.1
0.6
0.2
0.1
7.3
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.1
2.5
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
2.3
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
1.0
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.3
5.4
0.0
0.0
0.7
0.6
11.8
0.0
0.1
2.0
1.8
36.6
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.2
2.9
0.0
0.0
13.3
6.0 272.7
2.9 19.8
10.0
4.8 358.1
2.2 12.2
5.2
2.5 184.5
1.1
6.3
1.6
0.7
76.5
0.4
1.8
1.0
0.9
26.3
0.2
1.4
0.2
0.1
2.4
0.0
0.0
1.5
1.3
24.1
0.0
0.2
0.6
0.6
10.7
0.0
0.1
3.6
3.3
56.6
0.0
0.4
7.4
6.3 123.4
0.1
0.6
21.4
18.7 382.8
0.3
1.2
1.8
1.6
30.0
0.0
0.1
312.4
179.3 6,285.0 65.2 463.1
278.7
169.1 9,014.4 54.7 316.7
143.6
87.1 4,643.8 28.2 163.2
63.7
31.6 3,360.8 15.3 58.9
26.5
23.3 412.6
2.7 23.9
5.9
5.3
49.3
0.1
0.4
38.2
34.9 578.8
0.4
4.0
16.1
14.7 256.6
0.2
1.8
92.8
85.1 1,363.4
1.0
9.2
433.5
371.2 7,460.4
6.7 29.8
1,193.2 1,043.6 21,256.6 19.0 63.8
90.7
80.8 1,542.9
0.9
3.5
327.7
188.1 6,594.1 68.4 485.9
292.5
177.4 9,457.7 57.4 332.3
150.7
91.4 4,872.2 29.6 171.2
66.8
33.2 3,526.1 16.1 61.8
27.8
24.4 432.9
2.8 25.1
6.2
5.5
51.7
0.1
0.4
40.1
36.6 607.3
0.5
4.2
16.9
15.4 269.2
0.2
1.9
97.4
89.3 1,430.5
1.1
9.7
454.8
389.5 7,827.3
7.0 31.3
1,251.8 1,095.0 22,302.0 20.0 66.9
95.1
84.8 1,618.8
1.0
3.6

January 2014

Table 5.2–3 (continued). Annual and typical daily onroad mobile source emissions by facility type and vehicle
class in Maricopa County.
Facility
Type

Vehicle
Class
LDGV
LDGT1
LDGT2
HDGV
MC
Urban
LDDV
Principal
Arterial LDDT
2BHDDV
LHDDV
MHDDV
HHDDV
BUSES
LDGV
LDGT1
LDGT2
HDGV
MC
Urban
LDDV
Minor
Arterial LDDT
2BHDDV
LHDDV
MHDDV
HHDDV
BUSES
LDGV
LDGT1
LDGT2
HDGV
MC
Urban LDDV
Collector LDDT
2BHDDV
LHDDV
MHDDV
HHDDV
BUSES
LDGV
LDGT1
LDGT2
HDGV
MC
Urban LDDV
Local LDDT
2BHDDV
LHDDV
MHDDV
HHDDV
BUSES

SCC
2201001270
2201020270
2201040270
2201070270
2201080270
2230001270
2230060270
2230071270
2230072270
2230073270
2230074270
2230075270
2201001290
2201020290
2201040290
2201070290
2201080290
2230001290
2230060290
2230071290
2230072290
2230073290
2230074290
2230075290
2201001310
2201020310
2201040310
2201070310
2201080310
2230001310
2230060310
2230071310
2230072310
2230073310
2230074310
2230075310
2201001330
2201020330
2201040330
2201070330
2201080330
2230001330
2230060330
2230071330
2230072330
2230073330
2230074330
2230075330

Annual emissions (tons/year)
PM10
PM2.5 NOx
SO2
171.20
67.62 2,518.28 28.14
104.13
42.44 2,323.35 15.43
53.64
21.86 1,196.87
7.95
19.50
7.01 541.20
2.99
6.41
5.19 123.95
0.97
1.84
1.41
25.46
0.03
12.36
10.72 207.85
0.13
5.27
4.54
92.40
0.06
30.06
26.21 489.28
0.30
80.61
64.08 1,151.68
1.00
225.10 186.79 3,077.56
2.73
17.66
14.76 236.81
0.14
87.02
34.37 1,280.03 14.30
52.93
21.57 1,180.95
7.84
27.27
11.11 608.37
4.04
9.91
3.56 275.09
1.52
3.26
2.64
63.00
0.49
0.94
0.72
12.94
0.02
6.28
5.45 105.65
0.07
2.68
2.31
46.97
0.03
15.28
13.32 248.70
0.15
40.97
32.57 585.39
0.51
114.42
94.94 1,564.31
1.39
8.98
7.50 120.37
0.07
16.99
6.71 249.98
2.79
10.34
4.21 230.63
1.53
5.32
2.17 118.81
0.79
1.94
0.70
53.72
0.30
0.64
0.52
12.30
0.10
0.18
0.14
2.53
0.00
1.23
1.06
20.63
0.01
0.52
0.45
9.17
0.01
2.98
2.60
48.57
0.03
8.00
6.36 114.32
0.10
22.34
18.54 305.50
0.27
1.75
1.47
23.51
0.01
82.03
32.40 1,206.67 13.48
49.89
20.33 1,113.27
7.39
25.70
10.48 573.50
3.81
9.34
3.36 259.32
1.43
3.07
2.49
59.39
0.46
0.88
0.68
12.20
0.02
5.92
5.14
99.59
0.06
2.52
2.18
44.27
0.03
14.41
12.56 234.45
0.14
38.62
30.70 551.84
0.48
107.86
89.50 1,474.66
1.31
8.46
7.07 113.47
0.07

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

105

Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
NH3
PM10
PM2.5 NOx
SO2
NH3
171.62
938.1
370.5 13,798.8 154.2 940.4
75.17
570.6
232.5 12,730.7
84.6 411.9
38.72
293.9
119.8 6,558.2
43.6 212.2
11.84
106.9
38.4 2,965.5
16.4
64.9
6.76
35.1
28.4
679.2
5.3
37.0
0.14
10.1
7.7
139.5
0.2
0.8
0.92
67.7
58.8 1,138.9
0.7
5.1
0.42
28.9
24.9
506.3
0.3
2.3
2.14
164.7
143.6 2,681.0
1.6
11.7
4.03
441.7
351.1 6,310.6
5.5
22.1
8.01 1,233.4 1,023.5 16,863.4
15.0
43.9
0.48
96.8
80.9 1,297.6
0.7
2.6
87.24
476.8
188.3 7,013.9
78.4 478.0
38.21
290.0
118.2 6,470.9
43.0 209.4
19.68
149.4
60.9 3,333.5
22.1 107.9
6.02
54.3
19.5 1,507.3
8.3
33.0
3.44
17.9
14.4
345.2
2.7
18.8
0.07
5.1
3.9
70.9
0.1
0.4
0.47
34.4
29.9
578.9
0.4
2.6
0.21
14.7
12.7
257.4
0.2
1.2
1.09
83.7
73.0 1,362.7
0.8
6.0
2.05
224.5
178.5 3,207.6
2.8
11.2
4.07
626.9
520.2 8,571.6
7.6
22.3
0.24
49.2
41.1
659.6
0.4
1.3
17.04
93.1
36.8 1,369.8
15.3
93.4
7.46
56.6
23.1 1,263.7
8.4
40.9
3.84
29.2
11.9
651.0
4.3
21.1
1.18
10.6
3.8
294.4
1.6
6.4
0.67
3.5
2.8
67.4
0.5
3.7
0.01
1.0
0.8
13.8
0.0
0.1
0.09
6.7
5.8
113.1
0.1
0.5
0.04
2.9
2.5
50.3
0.0
0.2
0.21
16.4
14.3
266.1
0.2
1.2
0.40
43.8
34.9
626.4
0.5
2.2
0.79
122.4
101.6 1,674.0
1.5
4.4
0.05
9.6
8.0
128.8
0.1
0.3
82.24
449.5
177.5 6,611.9
73.9 450.6
36.02
273.4
111.4 6,100.1
40.5 197.4
18.56
140.8
57.4 3,142.5
20.9 101.7
5.67
51.2
18.4 1,420.9
7.8
31.1
3.24
16.8
13.6
325.4
2.5
17.8
0.07
4.8
3.7
66.8
0.1
0.4
0.44
32.5
28.2
545.7
0.3
2.4
0.20
13.8
11.9
242.6
0.2
1.1
1.03
78.9
68.8 1,284.6
0.8
5.6
1.93
211.6
168.2 3,023.8
2.6
10.6
3.84
591.0
490.4 8,080.3
7.2
21.0
0.23
46.4
38.8
621.8
0.4
1.3

January 2014

Table 5.2–3 (continued). Annual and typical daily onroad mobile source emissions by facility type and vehicle
class in Maricopa County.
Facility
Type

Vehicle
Class
LDGV
LDGT1
LDGT2
HDGV
MC
LDDV
Off-Network
LDDT
2BHDDV
LHDDV
MHDDV
HHDDV
BUSES

5.3

SCC
2201001000
2201020000
2201040000
2201070000
2201080000
2230001000
2230060000
2230071000
2230072000
2230073000
2230074000
2230075000

Annual emissions (tons/year)
PM10
PM2.5 NOx
SO2
62.94
57.95 4,398.52
4.27
17.89
16.47 1,457.16
0.93
9.22
8.49 750.66
0.48
2.41
2.22 215.64
0.13
0.08
0.07
2.40
0.02
10.05
9.75
27.47
0.01
1.15
1.12
26.39
0.01
0.43
0.41
11.57
0.00
2.63
2.55
61.88
0.01
1.67
1.62 153.86
0.03
25.83
25.05 2,863.21
0.40
0.20
0.19
4.42
0.00

NH3
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
PM10
PM2.5 NOx
SO2
344.9
317.6 24,101.5
23.4
98.0
90.3 7,984.4
5.1
50.5
46.5 4,113.2
2.6
13.2
12.2 1,181.6
0.7
0.4
0.4
13.2
0.1
55.1
53.4
150.5
0.0
6.3
6.1
144.6
0.0
2.3
2.3
63.4
0.0
14.4
14.0
339.1
0.1
9.1
8.9
843.0
0.1
141.5
137.3 15,688.8
2.2
1.1
1.1
24.2
0.0

NH3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0

Fugitive dust emissions

While exhaust, tire wear, and brake wear emissions were calculated using the EPA
MOVES2010a model, fugitive dust emissions from paved and unpaved roads were calculated
using the equations found in sections 13.2.1 and 13.2.2 of the EPA Compilation of Air Pollutant
Emission Factors, AP-42 (US EPA, 2006). The new AP-42 equation published by EPA in
January 2011 has been applied to estimate the PM10 and PM2.5 emissions from paved roads. The
contact person for the fugitive dust emission estimates is Cathy Arthur (602-254-6300).

5.3.1

Paved road fugitive dust emissions

In the AP-42 equation, paved road emissions are a function of silt loading values and the average
weight of vehicles traveling on paved road surfaces. Paved roads have been classified as
freeways, high-traffic arterials, and low-traffic arterials to reflect different silt loading
assumptions. An arterial carrying a traffic volume of less than 10,000 vehicles per average
weekday is classified as low-traffic; all other roads that are not freeways are classified as hightraffic arterials. The silt loading levels, in grams per square meter, are 0.02 for freeways, 0.067
for high-traffic arterials, and 0.23 for low-traffic arterials. The silt loadings were derived from
paved road samples collected in Maricopa County by an EPA contractor (US EPA, 1993). The
average vehicle weights were derived from July 1, 2011 vehicle registrations for Maricopa
County provided by the Arizona Department of Transportation. The fugitive dust emission
factors for paved roads were derived by applying the following AP-42 equation:
.

.

1

⁄4

where: E = annual average particulate emission factor (g/VMT),
k = particle size multiplier for particle size range (1.0 g/ VMT for PM10 and 0.25 g/
VMT for PM2.5),
sL = road surface silt loading (0.02 g/m2 for freeways, 0.067 g/m2 for high-traffic
arterials, and 0.23 g/m2 for low-traffic arterials),
W = average weight of the vehicles traveling on the roads (3.91 tons on freeways and
2.72 tons on arterials),

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P = annual number of “wet” days with at least 0.254 mm (0.01 in) of precipitation (31
days3 in 2011), and
N = annual number of days (365 days in 2011).
The annual average PM10 and PM2.5 emission factors for paved roads derived from the AP-42
equation are presented in Table 5.3–1.
The 2011 vehicle miles of travel (VMT) by silt loading category were used to estimate paved
road fugitive dust emissions. Daily VMTs by silt loading category for the PM10 NAA and
Maricopa County are shown in Table 5.3–2. The VMTs were derived by applying geographic
information systems (GIS) to a 2011 traffic assignment output by the MAG travel demand
model, TransCAD. The 2011 weekday traffic volumes output by TransCAD were normalized to
2011 HPMS VMTs for
the PM10 NAA and Maricopa County to produce the annual average daily VMTs by silt loading
category shown in Table 5.3–2.
Table 5.3–1.

2011 fugitive dust emission factors for paved roads.
Emission factors (g/VMT)
PM10
PM2.5
Silt Loading Category
Freeways
0.11
0.03
High Traffic Arterials
0.23
0.06
Low Traffic Arterials
0.71
0.18

Table 5.3–2.

2011 VMT by silt loading category for paved roads.
Daily VMT (thousand)
PM10 NAA
Maricopa County
Silt Loading Category
Freeways
32,333
34,624
High Traffic Arterials
37,518
39,614
Low Traffic Arterials
13,171
14,648
Total:
83,022
88,885

Applying the emission factors in Table 5.3–1 to the VMTs in Table 5.3–2 and converting to
pounds per day produces the 2011 uncontrolled particulate emissions from paved roads for the
PM10 NAA and Maricopa County, shown in Table 5.3–3. These uncontrolled emissions do not
include the 2011 emission reductions attributed to PM10 certified street sweepers in the MAG
2012 Five Percent Plan for PM10 (MAG, 2012).
Table 5.3–3.

2011 uncontrolled fugitive dust emissions from paved roads.
PM10 NAA (lbs/day)
PM10
PM2.5
Silt Loading Category
Freeways
7,840.9
2,138.4
High Traffic Arterials
19,023.8
4,962.7
Low Traffic Arterials
20,616.1
5,226.6
Total:
47,480.8
12,327.7

Maricopa County (lbs/day)
PM10
PM2.5
8,396.5
2,290.0
20,086.6
5,240.0
22,928.0
5,812.7
51,411.1
13,342.7

The MAG 2012 Five Percent Plan includes emission reduction credit for 72 PM10 certified street
sweepers purchased by December 31, 2006 with MAG Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality
3

Precipitation data for 2011 were obtained from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) in the
form of local climatological data at Phoenix Sky Harbor Airport.

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Improvement (CMAQ) funds that were still in service on December 31, 2009. Reductions for
the sweepers purchased by December 31, 2006 were also applied to base case uncontrolled
paved road emissions in the MAG 2012 Five Percent Plan. The PM10 emission reduction benefit
of these 72 sweepers in 2011 is 5,110.1 pounds per day.
In addition, the MAG 2012 Five Percent Plan contains contingency measures implemented in
2007–2011 that reduce paved road emissions. These measures include Arizona Department of
Transportation (ADOT) contracted PM10 certified street sweeping of freeways and frontage roads
(1,871.62 lbs/day), 25 PM10 certified street sweepers purchased with Congestion Mitigation and
Air Quality Improvement (CMAQ) funds in 2007–2009 (842.85 lbs/day), projects completed by
local governments in 2008–2011 that paved and stabilized unpaved shoulders (1,607.34 lbs/day),
and ADOT overlays of state highways with rubberized asphalt (14.30 lbs/day). The combined
benefit of these contingency measures in 2011 is 4,336.1 pounds per day.
The total reduction of 9,446.2 pounds per day was subtracted from the uncontrolled PM10
emissions in Table 5.3–3. This emission reduction represents 19.9 percent of the uncontrolled
PM10 emissions of 47,480.8 pounds per day in the PM10 NAA. This percent reduction was
applied to the uncontrolled PM2.5 emissions in the PM10 NAA and the absolute reduction in
PM2.5 emissions was then applied to the uncontrolled PM2.5 emissions in Maricopa County.
The resultant controlled emissions in tons per year and pounds per day are shown in Table 5.3–4.
Table 5.3–4.

2011 controlled fugitive dust emissions from paved roads.
Annual emissions
(tons/year)
PM10
PM2.5
Area
PM10 NAA
6,941.31
1,802.10
Maricopa County
7,658.59
1,987.33

5.3.2

Typical daily emissions
(lbs/day)
PM10
PM2.5
38,034.6
9,874.5
41,964.9
10,889.5

Unpaved road fugitive dust emissions

AP-42 emission factors were applied to unpaved road and alley VMTs to estimate fugitive dust
emissions (US EPA, 2006). The unpaved road and alley particulate emission factors were
derived from the following AP-42 equation for publicly accessible unpaved roads, assuming a
silt content of 11.9%, a soil moisture content of 0.5%, and an average speed of 25 miles per hour
on public unpaved roads, 20 miles per hour on private unpaved roads and 10 miles per hour on
unpaved alleys:
.

12

30
.

1

0.5
where: E = annual average particulate emission factor extrapolated for natural mitigation (lb/
VMT),
k = particle size multiplier for particle size range (1.8 lb/VMT for PM10 and 0.18 lb/
VMT for PM2.5),
s = surface material silt content (11.9%),

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S = mean vehicle speed (25 mph for public unpaved roads, 20 mph for private unpaved
roads and 10 mph for unpaved alleys),
M = surface material moisture content (0.5%),
C = emission factor for 1980's vehicle fleet exhaust, brake wear and tire wear (0.00047
lb/VMT for PM10 and 0.00036 lb/VMT for PM2.5),
P = annual number of “wet” days with at least 0.254 mm (0.01 in) of precipitation (31
days in 2011), and
N = annual number of days (365 days in 2011).
The public unpaved road emission factors resulting from the above equation are 1.4907 pounds
per VMT for PM10 and 0.1488 pounds per VMT for PM2.5. The private unpaved road emission
factors are 1.3333 pounds per VMT for PM10 and 0.1331 pounds per VMT for PM2.5. The
unpaved alley emission factors are 0.9426 pounds per VMT for PM10 and 0.0940 pounds per
VMT for PM2.5. These unpaved road and alley emission factors are consistent with the
assumptions used in the MAG 2012 Five Percent Plan (MAG, 2012). These factors were applied
to the annual average daily 2011 VMT estimates shown in Table 5.3–5.
The 2011 VMT for public unpaved roads in the PM10 NAA was derived from the MAG 2009
Unpaved Road Inventory (MAG, 2010). The 2011 VMT for private unpaved roads in the PM10
NAA was derived from a study of private unpaved roads and alleys conducted by MAG in
August-September 2011 (MAG, 2011). The 2011 VMT for unpaved alleys was derived by
multiplying a MAG GIS-derived estimate of 650 miles of dirt alleys by an annual average daily
traffic (AADT) estimate of 4 vehicles per day. The AADT for alleys was also derived from the
2011 MAG study referenced above.
The 2011 Maricopa County VMT on unpaved roads and alleys was obtained by applying a ratio
of 1.071 to the PM10 NAA VMT in Table 5.3–6. This ratio represents 2011 VMT on all roads in
Maricopa County to 2011 VMT on all roads in the PM10 NAA, as shown in Table 5.3–6. The
VMTs in Table 5.3–6 reflect 2011 Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS) data
submitted to the Federal Highway Administration by ADOT in 2012.
Table 5.3–5.

2011 VMT on unpaved roads in the PM10 NAA and Maricopa County
2011 Annual Average Daily VMT
Area
Unpaved Public Roads
Unpaved Private Roads
PM10 NAA
19,956
22,255
Maricopa County
21,373
23,835

Unpaved Alleys
2,600
2,785

Table 5.3–6.

2011 VMT on all roads in the PM10 NAA and Maricopa County
2011 Annual Average Daily VMT
Ratio to 2011 Annual Average
Area
(in thousands)
Daily VMT in the PM10 NAA
PM10 NAA
83,022
1.000
Maricopa County
88,885
1.071

Multiplying the unpaved road emission factors by the VMTs in Table 5.3–5 results in the
emissions shown in Table 5.3–7. These uncontrolled emissions do not include the emission
reductions attributable to contingency measures in the MAG 2012 Five Percent Plan for PM10
that were implemented by 2011.

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Table 5.3–7.

Daily uncontrolled unpaved road and alley fugitive dust emissions.
PM10 (lbs/day)
PM2.5 (lbs/day)
Unpaved Roads
Unpaved Alleys
Unpaved Roads
Unpaved Alleys
Area
PM10 NAA
59,421.0
2,450.8
5,931.6
244.4
Maricopa County
63,639.9
2,625.1
6,352.7
261.8

The MAG 2012 Five Percent Plan identifies a large number of projects that were implemented in
2008–2011 to pave, stabilize and reduce speed limits on unpaved roads and alleys in the PM10
NAA (MAG, 2012). In 2011, the total PM10 emission reduction credit for these projects is
15,468.8 pounds per day. This reduction was subtracted from the uncontrolled emissions in
Table 5.3–8 and represents 25 percent of the total uncontrolled unpaved road and alley emissions
of 61,871.8 pounds per day in the PM10 NAA. This 25 percent reduction was applied to the
uncontrolled PM2.5 emissions in the PM10 NAA and the absolute reduction in PM2.5 emissions
was then applied to the uncontrolled PM2.5 emissions in Maricopa County.
The resultant controlled unpaved road and alley emissions in tons per year and pounds per day
are shown in Table 5.3–8.
Table 5.3–8.

Annual and typical daily controlled fugitive dust emissions from unpaved roads and alleys.
Annual emissions (tons/year)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Area
PM10
PM2.5
PM10
PM2.5
PM10 NAA
8,468.55
845.34
46,403.0
4,632.0
Maricopa County
9,270.31
925.36
50,796.2
5,070.5

5.4

Summary of particulate emissions from onroad mobile sources

Table 5.4–1 summarizes the annual emissions and the typical daily emissions for PM10, PM2.5,
NOx, SO2, and NH3 from all onroad mobile sources in the PM10 NAA in 2011. Similar data for
Maricopa County are presented in Table 5.4–2.
Table 5.4–1.

Annual and typical daily emissions from all onroad mobile sources in the PM10 NAA.

Annual emissions (tons/year)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Emission Category
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SO2
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SO2
NH3
Exhaust, tire wear,
and brake wear
2,663.31 1,869.88 56,267.92 205.82 1,108.89 14,592.8 10,246.6 308,316.8 1,127.5 6,076.6
Paved road
—
—
—
fugitive dust
6,941.31 1,802.10
—
—
—
38,034.6
9,874.5
Unpaved road and
alley fugitive dust
8,468.55
845.34
—
—
—
46,403.0 4,632.0
—
—
—
Total:
18,073.17 4,517.32 56,267.92 205.82 1,108.89 99,030.4 24,753.1 308,316.8 1,127.5 6,076.6

Table 5.4–2.

Annual and typical daily emissions from all onroad mobile sources in Maricopa County.

Annual emissions (tons/year)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Emission Category
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SO2
NH3
PM10
PM2.5
NOx
SO2
NH3
Exhaust, tire wear,
and brake wear
2,833.55 1,999.22 60,269.94 219.72 1,189.18 15,526.3 10,955.1 330,245.8 1,203.3 6,517.1
Paved road
fugitive dust
7,658.59 1,987.33
—
—
—
41,964.9 10,889.5
—
—
—
Unpaved road and
alley fugitive dust
9,270.31
925.36
—
—
—
50,796.2 5,070.5
—
—
—
Total:
19,762.45 4,911.91 60,269.94 219.72 1,189.18 108,287.4 26,915.1 330,245.8 1,203.3 6,517.1

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5.5

Quality assurance process

5.5.1

VMT estimates

Normal quality assurance procedures, including automated and manual consistency checks, were
conducted by MAG in developing the 2011 TransCAD traffic assignment network used to
generate the VMT data. The VMT estimates using the MAG travel demand model have been
validated by the MAG transportation modeling group.

5.5.2

Emission estimates

The quality assurance process performed on the MOVES2010b analyses included accuracy,
completeness, and reasonableness checks. For accuracy and completeness, all calculations were
checked by an independent reviewer. Any errors found were corrected and the changes were
then rechecked by the reviewer.

5.5.3 Draft particulate matter emissions inventory
The draft onroad mobile source portion of the 2011 periodic PM10 emissions inventory was
reviewed using published EPA quality review guidelines for base year emission inventories (US
EPA, 1992b). The procedure review (Levels I, II, and III) included checks for completeness,
consistency, and the correct use of appropriate procedures.

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5.6

References

MAG, 2000. Revised MAG 1999 Serious Area Particulate Plan for PM10 for the Maricopa
County Nonattainment Area, 2000.
MAG, 2009. MAG Eight-Hour Ozone Redesignation Request and Maintenance Plan for the
Maricopa Nonattainment Area. February 2009.
MAG, 2010. VMT Estimation for the 2009 MAG Unpaved Road Inventory, Memorandum
prepared by Cathy Arthur, MAG Air Quality Policy Manager, January 26, 2010.
MAG, 2011. Summary Survey Report of Private Unpaved Roads in the PM10 Nonattainment
Area in and around Phoenix, Arizona prepared by T&B Systems, Inc., September 2011.
MAG, 2012. MAG 2012 Five Percent Plan for PM10 for the Maricopa County Nonattainment
Area, May 2012.
US EPA, 1991. Emission Inventory Requirements for Ozone State Implementation Plans, EPA450/4-91-010, March 1991.
US EPA, 1992a. Procedures for Emission Inventory Preparation Volume IV: Mobile Sources,
EPA-450/4-81-026d (Revised), 1992.
US EPA, 1992b. Quality Review Guidelines for 1990 Base Year Emission Inventories, EPA454/R-92-007, July 1992.
US EPA, 1993. Emission Factor Documentation for AP-42, Section 13.2.1, Paved Roads,
Prepared by MRI under EPA Contract No. 68-D0-0123, March 8, 1993.
US EPA, 2006. Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors, AP-42, Fifth Edition, Vol. I:
Stationary, Point and Area Sources. Section 13.2.1: Paved Roads and Section 13.2.2:
Unpaved Roads. November 2006 (http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/ch13/index.html).
US EPA, 2010a. Technical Guidance on the Use of MOVES2010 for Emission Inventory
Preparation in State Implementation Plans and Transportation Conformity, EPA-420-B10-023, April 2010.
US EPA, 2010b. User’s Guide for the SMOKE-MOVES Integration Tool, EPA Contract EP-D07-102 (WA 3-03), July 2010.
US EPA, 2012a. Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator (MOVES) - User Guide Version,
MOVES2010b, EPA-420-B-12-001, March 2012.
US EPA, 2012b. Policy Guidance on the Use of MOVES2010 and Subsequent Minor Revisions
for State Implementation Plan Development, Transportation Conformity, and Other
Purposes, EPA-420-B-12-010, April 2012.
US EPA, 2012c. Using MOVES to Prepare Emission Inventories in State Implementation Plans
and Transportation Conformity: Technical Guidance for MOVES2010, 2010a and 2010b,
EPA-420-B-12-028, April 2012.

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6. Biogenic Sources
6.1

Introduction

Biogenic emissions have been estimated for the 2011 Periodic Emissions Inventory for PM10 in
Maricopa County (9,223 square miles) and the PM10 Nonattainment Area (NAA) (2,887 square
miles). The Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature (MEGAN) has been used to
estimate the biogenic emissions. MEGAN is a state-of-the-art biogenic emissions model
developed by the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). Some important
corrections and improvements were made in the latest version of MEGAN2.1 (Guenther et al,
2012; Jiang et al, 2011) compared to previous versions (Guenther, 2006a, 2006b, and 2007;
Guenther et al, 2006). The most important change is that higher temporal and spatial resolution
of land use and land cover data for MEGAN input has become available. MEGAN, with the
vegetation data released in 2011, was applied to compute biogenic emissions in Maricopa
County and the PM10 NAA. Among the chemical species included in MEGAN, only nitric oxide
(NO) is attributable to PM10 formation. Therefore, only NOx emissions are included in the
inventory. The MEGAN runs were executed by the Maricopa Association of Governments. The
contact person for the MEGAN emission estimates is Feng Liu (602-254-6300).

6.2

Modeling domain

As a numerical model, the MEGAN inputs and outputs are given in user-defined two
dimensional grid cells. To develop biogenic emissions for the 2011 Periodic Emission Inventory
for PM10, the 4-km modeling domain that covers the entire area of Maricopa County were
employed. The target area is the PM10 NAA within the County. The definition of the domain in
the Lambert Conformal Conic Projection (LCP) coordinate system is presented in Table 6.2–1.
Since MEGAN estimates biogenic emissions for the entire modeling domain rather than specific
areas, additional input files, masking areas covered by the PM10 NAA and Maricopa County,
were developed by applying Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to calculate emissions for
those two target areas. In order to represent the target area, the masking file assigns 1.0 for the
grid cells fully covered by the target area, a fractional value for grid cells partially covered by the
target area, and 0.0 for grid cells outside the target area. As shown in Figure 6.2–1, biogenic
emissions for the PM10 NAA and Maricopa County were extracted from MEGAN runs for the
masked grid cells in the 4-km modeling domain.
Table 6.2–1. Two modeling domains defined in the LCP coordinate system
Grid Horizontal
Grid Size
LCP Range (km)
Target Area
Resolution
(–131.4713, –129.4593) to
4-km
65 by 65
PM10 NAA and Maricopa County
(127.9845, 131.1945)

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6.3

Input data

To calculate biogenic emissions using MEGAN, the following gridded input files for land cover
and meteorological data were prepared:
1. EFMAP_LAI file: This file provides emission factors (EF) for 20 MEGAN species
including NOx, and 8-day average leaf index (LAI) for year 2011in each grid cell.
2. PFTF file: This input file gives percentage of four plant function types (PFT)
including broadleaf trees (BT), needle leaf trees (NT), grass and crops (HB) and
shrubs (SB) for each model domain grid location.
3. METCRO2D file: This file contains meteorological parameters including
temperature, short wave radiation, wind speed, humidity and soil moisture for each
grid.

Figure 6.2–1. The masked grid cells in the 4-km modeling domain.

6.3.1

Land cover data

The land cover data, including the 8-day averaged LAI input files for North America for years
2003 to 2011 based on NASA MODIS data, monthly mean PFT, and EF, are provided by the
EFMAP_LAI and PFTF files. These input data were derived from the MEGAN land cover
database available at the resolution of 30 seconds latitude by 30 seconds longitude (1x1 km2) in
netCDF format (http://acd.ucar.edu/~guenther/MEGAN/MEGAN.htm).

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6.3.2

Weather data

The weather data used by MEGAN are temperature, downward short wave radiation, wind
speed, humidity and soil moisture. The Measurement and Instrumentation Data Center (MIDC)
collects irradiance and meteorological data from nation-wide stations. One of those stations is
located in northern Phoenix (33.83˚N, 112.17˚W, see red star in Figure 6.2–1) and is operated by
the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). The archived hourly temperature, wind
speed, humidity and radiation data from this site are available to the public. Monthly mean
diurnal cycles of the weather parameters were calculated based on hourly data for the year 2011,
and a netCDF file representing 24-hour data for each month was prepared for MEGAN inputs.
Biogenic emissions of NOx are first governed by temperature and then highly dependent on
downward short wave radiation. Figure 6.3–1 shows the monthly mean (left panel) and annual
mean diurnal cycle (right panel) of temperature. Figure 6.3–2 illustrates monthly averaged and
annual mean diurnal cycle of short wave radiation. The maximum monthly temperature was
recorded in August, while the highest radiation was observed in June. The maximum monthly
temperature appeared two months later than the highest radiation. The peak hourly temperature
was observed around 4:00–6:00 pm and lagged three hours behind the peak radiation. The delay
is due to the fact that heating of the air occurs not from the sun’s rays, but from heating of the
earth and infrared radiation leaving the ground in the form of heat. As a result, maximum
seasonal emission rates appear in the summer. The highest hourly emission rates take place in the
afternoon because the emission rates are positively related to both temperature and short wave
radiation (Guenther et al, 2006 and 2012). The maximum monthly NOx biogenic emission rates
would be expected to occur in the same month as the maximum temperature.

Figure 6.3–1. Monthly averaged temperature (left panel) and annual mean diurnal cycle of temperature
(right panel) in 2011.

Figure 6.3–2. Monthly averaged radiation (left panel) and annual mean diurnal cycle of radiation (right
panel) in 2011.

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6.4

Emission estimation

MEGAN runs for the modeling domain provide hourly emission outputs for the year 2011.
Figure 6.4–1 illustrates NOx emission rates simulated by MEGAN at 17:00 MST in August,
2011. Typical daily emissions for each month in 2011 are derived by using the hourly outputs for
each month. In addition, monthly total emissions were obtained by multiplying the typical daily
emissions for each month by the number of days in the month. The typical daily emissions for
the 12 months in 2011 are shown in Table 6.4–1 for the PM10 NAA and Maricopa County.

Figure 6.4–1. Estimated emission rates of NOx at 17:00 MST, August 2011 by MEGAN model.

Table 6.4–1.
County.

Typical daily biogenic of NOx emissions for each month in the PM10 NAA and Maricopa

Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December

PM10 NAA
kg/day
lbs/day
130.8
288.4
227.2
500.9
503.1
1,109.1
553.1
1,219.4
681.6
1,502.7
1,410.6
3,109.8
1,744.1
3,845.1
2,064.8
4,552.1
1,332.3
2,937.2
609.6
1,343.9
194.0
427.7
105.4
232.4

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

116

Maricopa County
kg/day
lbs/day
316.3
697.3
524.0
1,155.2
1,152.6
2,541.0
1,330.8
2,933.9
1,641.2
3,618.2
3,432.5
7,567.4
4,207.9
9,276.8
5,031.7
11,093.0
3,278.2
7,227.2
1,506.4
3,321.0
462.5
1,019.6
252.8
557.3

January 2014

Monthly mean emissions for Maricopa County and the PM10 NAA are illustrated in Figure 6.4–
2. Monthly emission values are presented in Table 6.4–2. It can be seen that the monthly NOx
emissions reached the highest values in August because monthly mean temperatures reached the
maximum levels in this month.

Figure 6.4–2. Monthly emissions of NOx in Maricopa County (pink solid line, abbreviated as “County”) and
the PM10 NAA (blue solid line, abbreviated as “PM10 NAA”).

Table 6.4–2.

Monthly biogenic NOx emissions in the PM10 NAA and Maricopa County
Maricopa County
PM10 NAA
Month
Metric tons/month
Short tons/month Metric tons/month
Short tons/month
January
4.05
4.47
9.81
10.81
February
6.36
7.01
14.67
16.17
March
15.60
17.19
35.73
39.39
April
16.59
18.29
39.92
44.01
May
21.13
23.29
50.88
56.08
June
42.32
46.65
102.98
113.51
July
54.07
59.60
130.44
143.79
August
64.01
70.56
155.98
171.94
September
39.97
44.06
98.35
108.41
October
18.90
20.83
46.70
51.48
November
5.82
6.42
13.88
15.29
December
3.27
3.60
7.84
8.64

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

117

January 2014

6.5

Summary of biogenic source emissions

Typical daily and annual total NOx emissions for Maricopa County and the PM10 NAA in 2011
are summarized in Table 6.5–1. The peak monthly emissions that occurred in August 2011 are
higher than that in July 2008. However, total NOx emissions in 2011 are lower in both Maricopa
County and the PM10 NAA compared to 2008. Due to the incorporation of land cover data that
are more characteristic of plants located in the desert southwest, as well as improvements to the
MEGAN model, the 2011 data shown in Table 6.5–1 represents a substantial improvement over
previous biogenic emission estimates for Maricopa County and the PM10 NAA.
Table 6.5–1.

Typical daily and annual NOx emissions in 2011.
Annual NOx
Typical daily NOx
emissions
emissions
Geographic Area
kg/day
lbs/day
tonnes*/yr
tons*/yr
Maricopa County
1,928.1
4,250.7
707.17
779.52
PM10 NAA
796.4
1,755.7
292.08
321.97

* “Tonne” denotes metric ton, and “ton” denotes short (or English) ton

6.6

References

Guenther, A., 2006a. User’s Guide to Processing Driving Variables for Model of Emissions of
Gases and Aerosols from Nature (MEGAN).
Guenther, A., 2006b. User’s Guide to the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from
Nature (MEGAN) Version MEGAN-VBA-2.0.
Guenther, A., 2007. Corrigendum to "Estimates of global terrestrial isoprene emissions using
MEGAN (Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature)" Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6,
3181–3210, 2006, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 4327-4327.
Guenther, A., T. Karl, P. Harley, C. Wiedinmyer, P. I. Palmer, and C. Geron, 2006. Estimates of
global terrestrial isoprene emissions using MEGAN (Model of Emissions of Gases and
Aerosols from Nature), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 1-30.
Guenther, A., X. Jiang, C. L. Heald, T Sakulyanontvittaya, T. Duhl, L. K. Emmons, and X.
Wang, 2012. The model of emissions of gases and aerosols from nature version 2.1
(MEGAN2.1): an extended and updated framework for modeling biogenic emissions,
Goesci. Model Dev. Discuss., 5, 1503-1560.
Jiang, X., A. Guenther, and T. Duhl, 2011. MEGAN version 2.10 User’s Guide.
Maricopa County Air Quality Department, Revised 2011. 2008 Periodic Emission Inventory for
PM10 for the Maricopa County, Arizona, Nonattainment Area, 125-130.

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

118

January 2014

Appendix A. Instructions for Reporting 2011 Annual Air Pollution Emissions

INSTRUCTIONS
FOR REPORTING 2011
ANNUAL AIR POLLUTION EMISSIONS

February 2012

Emissions Inventory Unit
1001 North Central Avenue, Suite 125
Phoenix, Arizona 85004
Phone: (602) 506-6790
Fax:
(602) 506-6179
Email: EmisInv@mail.maricopa.gov

Copies of this document, related forms,
and other reference materials are available online at our web site:
http://www.maricopa.gov/aq/divisions/planning_analysis/emissions_inventory/Default.aspx

TABLE OF CONTENTS
WHAT’S NEW FOR 2011? .............................................................................................................. 1
I.

INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................. 2
Steps to Complete Your 2011 Maricopa County Emissions Inventory

II. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................................... 3
- Pollutants to be Reported
- Emission Calculation Method Hierarchy
III. CONFIDENTIALITY OF DATA SUBMITTED............................................................................ 5
- Arizona State Statue and Maricopa County Rule
IV. HELPFUL HINTS AND INFORMATION..................................................................................... 6
- What is a Process?
- Processes and Materials That Do Not Have to be Reported
- Grouping Materials and/or Equipment Under One Process ID
- Assigning Identification Numbers (IDs)
- Industry-Specific Instructions
- Commonly Used Conversion Factors
- Additional Resources and Assistance
V.

INSTRUCTIONS AND EXAMPLES FOR EMISSIONS REPORTING FORMS
Business Form ..................................................................................................................................... 8
Stack Form ......................................................................................................................................... 9
Control Device Form ....................................................................................................................... 10
General Process Form ....................................................................................................................... 11
Evaporative Process Form ................................................................................................................ 15
Off-Site Recycling/Disposal Form.................................................................................................... 19
Documentation of Emission Factor Calculations.............................................................................. 20
Data Certification Form (for NON-Title V sources) ........................................................................ 21
How to Calculate an Emission Fee (for Title V sources ONLY)...................................................... 22
Data Certification/Fee Calculation Form (for Title V sources ONLY) ............................................ 23

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

ii

Instructions for Reporting 2011 Emissions

WHAT'S NEW FOR 2011?
Reporting forms:


Emission factors for PM-10 for several processes typically found at sand and gravel facilities and/or
concrete batch plants, have been revised. The new values are lower than the previous EPA default
emission factors, and reflect the more stringent moisture-content requirements required by Maricopa
County Rule 316 (Nonmetallic Mineral Processing).



Some preprinted information on your report may be different from last year’s version. Please
review the enclosed forms carefully, and verify all preprinted information.



Many of our reporting forms have changed in past years. If you develop your own forms, or a
computerized reproduction of our forms, the forms used MUST conform to the current information
requirements and FORMAT as supplied on our preprinted forms. “Homemade” reporting forms that
vary significantly from the preprinted forms sent to you will not be accepted.



Please VERIFY THOROUGHLY that the information you provide on all reporting forms
match the information presented on the preprinted forms from MCAQD.

Miscellaneous:


Non-operational facilities: Any facility that has been issued an air quality permit, but that did NOT
operate at any time during 2011, must still respond in writing to this request for annual emissions
information, as a condition of its air quality permit. Please provide ALL information requested on
both the “Business Form” and the “Data Certification Form”, and submit these forms, along with a
letter certifying that there were no operations at the facility during calendar year 2011, by the due date
shown on the Business Form.



Emissions fees for Title V facilities: In accordance with Maricopa County Air Pollution Control Rule
280 (Fees), the 2011 annual emission fee for Title V sources is $39.83/ton. NOTE: Only emissions
from Title V sources (those whose air quality permit numbers have a “V” prefix) are subject to this
annual emissions fee.

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

1

Instructions for Reporting 2011 Emissions

I. INTRODUCTION
An annual emissions inventory is a document submitted by a business that: (1) lists all processes emitting
reportable air pollutants and (2) provides details about each of those processes. Submitting the emissions
inventory report is required as a condition of your Maricopa County Air Quality Permit. A separate
emissions report is required for each business location with its own air quality permit.
Follow these steps to complete your 2011 Maricopa County emissions inventory:
STEP 1: Determine which forms are needed for your business. There are eight different forms available,
but not all are required for every type of business. For most permitted sources, the packet you received from
us contains the necessary preprinted forms based on your site’s most recent emissions inventory.
1.
2.

3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Business Form: Contains general contact information about the permitted site. This form is required
for all businesses.
Stack Form: Only required if your business location annually emits over 10 tons of a single pollutant
(CO, VOC, NOx, PM10, or SOx). A “stack” is defined as a stack, pipe, vent or opening through which a
significant percentage of emissions (from one or more processes) are released into the atmosphere. See
the “Stack Form Instructions” on page 9 for specific requirements.
Control Device Form: Required only if there is one or more emission control devices used at the
business location.
General Process Form and
Either or both will be required for all businesses.
Evaporative Process Form:
Off-Site Recycling/Disposal Form: Required if you want to claim off-site recycling or disposal.
Emission Factor Calculations: Required as attachment for each process for which you calculated
your own emission factors.
Data Certification Form or Data Certification/Fee Calculation Form: Only sources with a Title V
(permit number would start with “V”) permit are required to pay a fee for their emissions and need to
use the Data Certification/Fee Calculation Form. All other sources use the Data Certification Form.

}

STEP 2: Complete the applicable forms. Verify all preprinted information, and make corrections where
necessary. When making corrections, strike out the preprinted data and write in corrections beside it. Please
make all changes readily noticeable. Detailed information on how to complete the most common forms is
included in this document. The packet you received also contains information about other resources
(workshops, one-on-one assistance, etc.) available to help you in completing the necessary forms.
STEP 3: Make a copy of your completed emissions inventory report. Make sure to KEEP COPIES of all
forms submitted and copies of all records and calculations used in completing the forms. Air pollution
control regulations require that you keep all documentation for at least FIVE YEARS at the location where
pollution is being emitted.
STEP 4: Make sure the Data Certification Form (or Data Certification/Fee Calculation Form for Title V
sources) is signed by a company representative. Include your air quality permit number on all correspondence and applicable checks submitted with your report. Return the original, signed copy of your
annual emission report, with payment for any applicable emission fees to:
Maricopa County Air Quality Department
Emissions Inventory Unit
1001 North Central Avenue, Suite 125
Phoenix, AZ 85004

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

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Instructions for Reporting 2011 Emissions

II. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
POLLUTANTS TO BE REPORTED:
Your emissions inventory must include your business’s emissions of the following air pollutants:
CO
NOx
PM10
SOx
VOC
HAP&NON
NHx
Pb

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

Carbon monoxide
Nitrogen oxides
Particulate matter less than 10 microns
Sulfur oxides
Volatile organic compounds *
Hazardous Air Pollutant (HAP) that is also NOT a volatile organic compound (VOC)**
Ammonia and ammonium compounds
Lead

* A volatile organic compound (VOC) is defined as any compound of carbon that participates in atmospheric photochemical reactions. This definition excludes: carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, acetone,
carbonic acid, metallic carbides or carbonates, and ammonium carbonate, as well as certain other organic
compounds. (See Maricopa County Air Pollution Control Rule 100, Sections 200.69 and 200.110 for a full
definition.)
EPA has re-designated the chemical t-butyl acetate (CAS Number 540-88-5) as a VOC for record-keeping
requirements and emissions reporting, but not for emission limitations or content requirements. County Rule
100, Section 200.69b states:
“The following compound(s) are VOC for purposes of all recordkeeping, emissions reporting, photochemical
dispersion modeling and inventory requirements which apply to VOC and shall be uniquely identified in
emission reports, but are not VOC for purposes of VOC emissions limitations or VOC content requirements:
t-butyl acetate (540-88-5).”
Therefore, if your facility uses t-butyl acetate, it is necessary to report t-butyl acetate as a separate material
on the evaporative process form, not as part of a grouped material (e.g., solvents, thinners, activators, etc.).
T-butyl acetate will continue to be identified as a VOC on your emission report and count towards any
applicable emission fees.
** HAP&NON: Usage of certain materials that are: (1) a Hazardous Air Pollutant (HAP) and (2) not also a
VOC (that is, not also an ozone precursor) should also be reported if:
(a) your site is subject to a Federal MACT (Maximum Achievable Control Technology) standard or
(b) your air quality permit contains specific quantitative limits for HAP emissions.
The most common materials categorized as “HAP&NON” include:
 methylene chloride (dichloromethane)
 perchloroethylene
 111-trichloroethane (111-TCA or methyl chloroform)
 hydrochloric acid
 hydrofluoric acid
NOTE: HAPs that are also considered volatile organic compounds are reported as VOC.

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

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Instructions for Reporting 2011 Emissions

EMISSION CALCULATION METHOD HIERARCHY:
When preparing emission information for your report, the most accurate method for calculating actual
emissions must be used. The hierarchy listed below outlines the preferred methods for calculating emission
estimates (taken from County Rule 280, Section 305.1).
(1)

Whenever available, emissions estimates should be calculated from continuous emissions
monitors certified under 40 CFR Part 75, Subpart C, or data quality assured pursuant to
Appendix F of 40 CFR, Part 60.

(2)

When sufficient data obtained using the methods described in paragraph 1 is not available,
emissions estimates should be calculated from source performance tests conducted pursuant to
Rule 270 in Maricopa County’s Air Pollution Control Rules and Regulations.

(3)

When sufficient data obtained using the methods described in paragraphs 1 or 2 is not available,
emissions estimates should be calculated from material balance using engineering knowledge of
the process.

(4)

When sufficient data obtained using the methods described in paragraphs 1 through 3 is not
available, emissions estimates shall be calculated using emissions factors from EPA Publication
No. AP-42 "Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors," Volume I: Stationary Point and
Area Sources.

(5)

When sufficient data obtained using the methods described in paragraphs 1 through 4 is not
available, emissions estimates should be calculated by equivalent methods supported by back-up
documentation that will substantiate the chosen method.

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

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Instructions for Reporting 2011 Emissions

III. CONFIDENTIALITY OF DATA SUBMITTED
Information submitted in your annual emissions reports must be made available to the public unless it meets
certain criteria of Arizona State Statutes and Maricopa County Rules. Applicable excerpts concerning
confidentiality of data are reproduced below.
ARS § 49-487 D. ...the following information shall be available to the public:…
2. The chemical constituents, concentrations and amounts of any emission of any air contaminant. ...

MARICOPA COUNTY AIR POLLUTION CONTROL RULES AND REGULATIONS, Rule 100:
§ 200.107 TRADE SECRETS - Information to which all of the following apply:
a.
A person has taken reasonable measures to protect from disclosure and the person intends to continue to
take such measures.
b.
The information is not, and has not been, reasonably obtainable without the person’s consent by other
persons, other than governmental bodies, by use of legitimate means, other than discovery based on a
showing of special need in a judicial or quasi-judicial proceeding.
c.
No statute, including ARS §49-487, specifically requires disclosure of the information to the public.
d.
The person has satisfactorily shown that disclosure of the information is likely to cause substantial harm to
the business’s competitive position.
§ 402
402.2
a.
b.

CONFIDENTIALITY OF INFORMATION:
Any records, reports or information obtained from any person under these rules shall be available to the
public ... unless a person:
Precisely identifies the information in the permit(s), records, or reports which is considered confidential.
Provides sufficient supporting information to allow the Control Officer to evaluate whether such information
satisfies the requirements related to trade secrets as defined in Section 200.107 of this rule.

For emissions inventory information to be deemed confidential, the following steps must be followed:
 Specific data which you request be held confidential must be identified by marking an “X” in the
corresponding gray confidentiality box(es) on the relevant report forms.
 Provide a written explanation which gives factual information satisfactorily describing why releasing this
information could cause substantial harm to the business’s competitive position.
 Use the gray-shaded boxes on the reporting forms to indicate which data are to be held confidential. Do
NOT stamp “Confidential”, highlight data, or otherwise mark the page.
No data can be held confidential without proper justification.

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

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Instructions for Reporting 2011 Emissions

IV. HELPFUL HINTS AND INFORMATION
Be sure to verify all preprinted information on forms. If any information is incorrect or blank, please provide
correct information. Making a change on the Business Form will NOT transfer the permit ownership or
location. You must contact the Department's Small Business Assistance Program at (602) 506-5102 or the
Engineering & Permitting Division at (602) 506-6094 to accomplish this.
WHAT IS A PROCESS? A process is a business activity at your location that emits one or more of the
pollutants listed on page 3, and has only one material type as input and one operating schedule. For each
applicable process at your business, you must assign a unique Process ID number to differentiate each
process.
PROCESSES AND MATERIALS THAT DO NOT HAVE TO BE REPORTED:
 Welding.
 Acetone usage.
 Fuel use for forklifts or other vehicles. (NOTE: Fuel use in non-vehicle engines is reportable.)
 Soil remediation activities. (Note: Other periodic reporting requirements may exist; consult your permit.)
 Storage emissions from fuels or organic chemicals in any tank with a capacity of 250 gallons or less.
 Storage emissions of diesel and Jet A fuel in underground tanks of any size.
 Storage emissions of diesel and Jet A fuel in aboveground tanks, with throughput < 4,000,000 gal/yr.
 Routine pesticide usage, housekeeping cleaners, and routine maintenance painting at your facility.
Please group all similar equipment and materials together before applying the following limitations:
 Internal combustion engines (e.g., emergency generators) or external combustion equipment (e.g., boilers
and heaters) that operated less than 100 hrs. and burned less than 200 gals. diesel or gas, or less than
100,000 cubic feet of natural gas.
 Materials with usage of less than 15 gallons or 100 pounds per year.
GROUPING MATERIALS AND/OR EQUIPMENT UNDER ONE PROCESS ID:
You can group together under one process ID:
 All internal combustion engines less than 600 hp if they burn the same fuel and have similar operating
schedules.
 All external combustion equipment (boilers, heaters) with a capacity of less than 10,000,000 Btu per
hour if they burn the same fuel and have similar operating schedules.
 All similar evaporative materials with similar emission factors that have similar operating schedules and
process descriptions. For example, group low-VOC red paint, green paint and white paint together as
one material: “Paint: Low-VOC.” Do not group dissimilar materials together, such as thinners and
paints. Attach documentation (see example, p. 20) showing how the grouped emission factor was
determined.
 All underground tanks with the same fuel and same type of vapor recovery system.
ASSIGNING IDENTIFICATION NUMBERS (IDs):
Unique IDs are required for the following report elements: Stacks, Control Devices and Processes. For
processes, that means a process ID number may be used only once on each General Process form and for
each material reported on the Evaporative Process Forms.
These numbers are usually assigned by the person who prepares the original report. If you are adding a new
item to a preprinted report, assign a number not already in use. Once an ID number is assigned, continue
using the same number for that item each year. If that item is no longer reportable, mark it with ‘DELETE’
and return the preprinted form with a brief explanation. Do not use that ID number again.
Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

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Instructions for Reporting 2011 Emissions

INDUSTRY-SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONS: Additional help sheets, detailed examples, and special
instructions are available for a number of specific processes or industries listed below. To get copies of any
of these documents, please call (602) 506-6790, or visit our web site at:
http://www.maricopa.gov/aq/divisions/planning_analysis/emissions_inventory/Default.aspx






Bakeries
Concrete Batch Plants
Fuel Storage and Handling
Incinerators and Crematories
Lg. Aboveground Storage Tanks







Natural Gas Boilers/Heaters
Polyester Resin
Printing Plants
Roofing Asphalt
Sand and Gravel Plants






Using EPA's TANKS 4.09d Program
Vehicle Refinishing
Vehicle Travel on Unpaved Roads
Woodworking

COMMONLY USED CONVERSION FACTORS:
1 gram/liter = 0.00834 lbs/gal
1 foot
= 0.0001894 mile
1 liter
= 0.2642 gallon (US)
1 square foot
= 0.000022957 acre
1 therm
= 0.0000952 MMCF
1 pound
= 0.0005 ton
NOTE:
MM = 1,000,000
Example: MMCF = 1,000,000 cubic feet
M = 1,000
Example: MGAL = 1,000 gallons
ADDITIONAL RESOURCES AND ASSISTANCE:
The Maricopa County Emissions Inventory web site at:
http://www.maricopa.gov/aq/divisions/planning_analysis/emissions_inventory/Default.aspx
contains additional reference materials, such as:





blank copies of most emissions reporting forms.
an updated list of emission factors for a large number of industrial processes, including SCC codes.
a list of Tier Codes for industrial processes.
detailed help sheets for a number of specific industries or processes.

To receive any of the above materials by fax or mail, or for additional information or assistance in how to
calculate and report your emissions, please call us at (602) 506-6790.

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

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Instructions for Reporting 2011 Emissions

V. INSTRUCTIONS AND EXAMPLES FOR COMPLETING EMISSIONS REPORTING FORMS

Business Form

Instructions

Verify all preprinted information, and make corrections where necessary. When making corrections, strike
out the preprinted data and write in corrections beside it. Please make all changes readily noticeable.

NOTE:

Making a change on the Business Form will NOT transfer the permit ownership or location. You
must contact the Department's Small Business Assistance Program at (602) 506-5102 or the Engineering &
Permitting Division at (602) 506-6094 to accomplish this.

Data fields:
6 Number of employees: This should be the annual average number of full-time equivalent (FTE)
employee positions at this business location.
9

NAICS Code: This 5- or 6-digit North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS) code has
been introduced to replace the 4-digit Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes. Please list the
primary and secondary NAICS codes for your business, if known. (Consult our website, at:
http://www.maricopa.gov/aq/divisions/planning_analysis/emissions_inventory/Default.aspx, for a link to
a full list of NAICS codes.)

10 Preparer of the Inventory (primary contact for technical questions concerning this report): This should be
the person who knows the most about the data in the report. If this person has an e-mail address used for
business purposes, please provide it.
11 Who should receive the Annual Emissions Inventory Form next year?: This should be a person who is
directly employed with the business. This person should not be a consultant for the business.

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

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Instructions for Reporting 2011 Emissions

Stack Form

Instructions

A “stack” is defined as a stationary stack, pipe, vent or opening through which a significant percentage of
emissions (from one or more processes) are released into the atmosphere (with or without a control device).

NOTE:

Stack information is required only if your business location annually emits over 10 tons of any one
individual pollutant. If so, you must complete a Stack Form for:
 each stack connected to a control device.
 any stack that discharges annually more than 5 tons of combined pollutant emissions (such as a paint
booth exhaust).
EXAMPLE Stack Form Information:
1

2

Stack
ID

Stack
Type
Code*

3

1

W

30 ft

2

V

14 ft

4

5a OR

5b

6a

OR 6b & 6c

7

Stack
Exit Gas
Velocity Flow Rate Diameter Length / Width
Height** Temperature feet/sec
acfm
inside inch
inside inch

* Stack Type Codes:

90
200

o

F

o

F

Stack Name/Description. Include lat/long
coordinates of stack (in decimal degrees)

20,000

36

paint booth Lat: N33.5277

19,186

40

thermal oxidizer, Bldg. 2

Long: W112.2626

Lat:N33.5259 Long:W112.2613

V = Vertical unobstructed
D = Downward unobstructed
W = Obstructed vertical (e.g. weather cap)

H = Horizontal unobstructed
G = Gooseneck

** Stack height is calculated relative to the surrounding terrain. For instance, the stack height of a 10-foot
stack on top of a 20-foot tall building is 30 feet.
Data fields:
1

Stack ID: (See “Assigning Identification Numbers” on page 6.) A number (up to three digits, numeric
only) which identifies a specific stack. It is suggested you start with 1, then 2, etc.

4

Exit Gas Temperature: Should represent average operating conditions, in degrees Fahrenheit.
DO NOT report “ambient”.

5a Exit Gas Velocity: OR 5b Gas Flow Rate:
Provide EITHER the exit velocity (in feet per second) OR the flow rate of gas (in actual cubic feet per
minute) exiting the stack during normal operations. Preprinted information provides both.
6a Inside Stack Diameter: For round stacks, provide Inside Stack Diameter in inches.
OR
6b & 6c Inside Stack Length and Width: For square or rectangular stacks, provide inside Length and inside
Width in inches.
7

Stack Name/Description and Lat/Long Coordinates: Provide a brief text description of the stack along
with the latitude and longitude coordinates of the stack (in decimal degrees).

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

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Instructions for Reporting 2011 Emissions

Control Device Form

Instructions
EXAMPLE Control Device Form Information

1

2

3

4

Control
ID

Installation/
Reconstruction*
Date

5

Size or Rated Capacity**

Control
Type Code

Control Device
Name/Description

1

05/09/98

25,000.0 cfm

021

Thermal oxidizer

4

03/10/97

cfm

153

Watering with water trucks

6
Stack ID

2

Data fields:
1

Control ID: (See “Assigning Identification Numbers” on page 6.) A unique number (up to three digits)
that you assign to identify a specific control device.

2

Installation/Reconstruction Date: The completion date (given in mm/dd/yy format) of installation or the
most recent reconstruction of the identified control device. This is not a date on which routine repair or
maintenance was done. “Reconstruction” means any component of the control device was replaced and
the cost (fixed capital) of the new component(s) was more than half of what it would have cost to
purchase or construct a new control device.

3

Size or Rated Capacity: Report the air or water flow rate in cubic feet per minute. Some devices (e.g.,
water trucks for dust control) will not include a value in this field.

4

Control Type Code: A 3-digit code designating the type of control device. A complete list of all EPA
control device codes can be found on the Web at: http://www.maricopa.gov/aq/divisions/
planning_analysis/emissions inventory/Default.aspx or call (602) 506-6790 for assistance.

6

Stack ID: Not all businesses require a Stack ID. This is required if the Stack Form is used for your site
(see page 9) and the control device is vented through that identified stack. This is the ID number shown
in column 1 of the Stack Form. The Stack ID can be entered on this form after the Stack Form has been
filled out.

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

10

Instructions for Reporting 2011 Emissions

General Process Form

Instructions

The General Process Form is used to record data on all emissions-producing processes except evaporative
processes. A “general process” is normally characterized by the burning or handling of a material. One
form reports all the pollutants for one process. For example, several pollutants are produced by burning fuel,
and PM10 is emitted by processing rock products, processing materials such as wood or cotton, and driving
on unpaved areas.
Data fields: (See sample forms on pages 13 and 14.)
1 Process ID: A number (up to three digits) that is preprinted or you assign. (See “Assigning Identification
Numbers” on page 6.) This Process ID number can not be used for any other process at this location.
2

Process Type/Description: Brief details on the type of activity that is occurring.

3

Stack ID(s): The stack ID number(s) shown in column 1 of the Stack Form that identify the stack(s)
which vent pollution created by this process. Not all businesses are required to report stacks. This is only
required if the Stack Form is required for your site (see page 9) and the process has a stack.

4 Process Tier Code and
5 SCC Code:

If these codes are not preprinted on your form, please consult the
section “Other Resources” on our web site, or call (602) 506-6790.

6

Seasonal Throughput Percent: Enter the percent of total annual operating time that occurred per season,
rounded to the nearest percent. For example, “Dec-Feb 30% ” means 30% of total annual activity
occurred in January, February and December 2011. The total for all four seasons must equal 100%.

7
8

Normal Operating Schedule and
Typical Hours of Operation:

9

Emissions Based on: Provide the name of the material used, fuel used, product produced, or whatever
was measured for the purpose of calculating emissions, such as “natural gas”, “hours of operation,”
“vehicle miles traveled,” or “acres.”

These reflect the normal daily, weekly, and annual operating
parameters of this process during 2011.

10 Used, Produced or Existing: Indicate whether calculated emissions are based on a material type or fuel
used (an input, such as “paint” or “natural gas”), or an output (such as “sawdust produced” or “finished
product”). Use “Existing” if the parameter reported on line 9 is not directly used or produced in the
process (such as “vehicle miles traveled” or “acres”).
11 Annual Amount: The annual amount (a number) of material that was used, fuel combusted, product
produced, hours of operation, vehicle miles traveled, or acres.
12 Fuel Sulfur Content (in percent): For processes that involve the combustion of oil or diesel fuels, report
the sulfur content of the fuel as a decimal value. Example:
0.05 % (= 500 ppm)
13 Unit of Measure: Units of the material used, fuel used or product produced shown on line 9.
For example: gallons, pounds, tons, therms, acres, vehicle miles traveled, units produced.
14 Unit Conversion Factor: You must provide this if you use an emission factor with an emission factor unit
(see item 17 below) that is not the same as the unit of measure (from line 13). This is the standard
number you would multiply your amount (line 11) by to convert it to the units of the emission factor. See
page 7 for a list of commonly used conversion factors.

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

11

Instructions for Reporting 2011 Emissions

General Process Form Instructions (continued)
15 Pollutant: See page 3 for a list of pollutants that need to be reported.
16 Emission Factor (EF): The number to be multiplied by the annual amount (line 11) to determine how
much of the pollutant was emitted. If you calculate your own emission factor or change the preprinted
emission factor, you must provide details of your calculations in an attachment.
17 Emission Factor (EF) Units: Enter the appropriate Emission Factor Units in pounds (lb) per unit; e.g.,
lb/ton, lb/MMCF, lb/gal.
18 Controlled Emission Factor (EF)? YES or NO: Indicate “YES” if: 1) you have your own emission factor
from testing and included the control device efficiency within the factor, or 2) the emission factor used is
clearly identified as a controlled emission factor. A “YES” response requires the use of Formula A (see
#25 below). Indicate “NO” if: 1) there is no emission control device, or 2) the emission factor represents
emission rates before controls. A “NO” response requires the use of Formula B (see #25 below).
19 Calculation Method: Enter the number code (listed at the bottom of the General Process Form) which
best describes the method you used to obtain this emission factor. Code 5, “AP-42/FIRE Method or
Emission Factor” means that the factor comes from EPA documents or software. NOTE: If you have
continuous emissions monitors (CEM) data or conducted a source test that was required and approved by
the County for a specific process or piece of equipment, you must use the emission data from the CEM
or the test results. Report “1” in this column for CEM data or “4” for performance test data.
20 through 24: Leave blank if there is no control device.
20 Capture % Efficiency: The percent of the pollutant that is captured and sent to the primary control
device in this process. Be sure to list capture efficiency separately for each pollutant affected.
21 Primary Control Device ID: If this pollutant is being controlled in this process, enter the Control
Device ID number which represents the first control device affecting the pollutant.
22 Secondary Control Device ID: If this pollutant is being controlled sequentially by 2 devices, enter
the Control Device ID number which represents the second control device; otherwise leave this field
blank.
23 Control Device(s) % Efficiency: Enter the total control efficiency of the control device(s). Be sure to
list control device efficiency separately for each pollutant affected. If you report control device
efficiency, you must also show capture efficiency in column 20.
24 Efficiency Reference Code: Enter the code (1 through 6) that best describes how you determined the
control device efficiency. A list of possible codes is included at the bottom of the form.
25 Estimated Actual Emissions (in pounds/year): You may round the calculated emissions values to the
nearest pound. Calculate as follows:
A. Emissions with no controls or controls are reflected in the emission factor:
Column 25 = line 11  line 14  column 16
B. Emissions after control:
Column 25 = line 11  line 14  column 16  (1 – [column 20  column 23])
Use the decimal equivalent for columns 20 and 23. Example: 96.123% = 0.96123
Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

12

Instructions for Reporting 2011 Emissions

General Process Form 2011

Permit number(s)

EXAMPLE: Internal Combustion

V99999

Place an X in any gray cell to mark data requested to be held confidential. See page 5 for requirements for information to be deemed confidential.
1- Process ID
80
2- Process Type/Description:

3 ENGINES FOR CRUSHING (EACH LESS THAN 600 HP)

3- Stack ID(s) (only if required on Stack Form)

________

020599

4- Process TIER Code:
5- SCC Code

_______

20200102

________

6- Seasonal Throughput Percent:

IND:DIESEL-RECIPROCATING
25

Dec-Feb
Hours/Day

8- Typical Hours of Operation: (military time)

%

8

Days/Week

0700

Start

25

Mar-May

Jun-Aug

25

Hours/Year

2080

%

5

 Used (input)

11- Annual Amount:

or

Produced (output)

or

CO

NOx
PM-10
SOx
VOC

Emission Factor (EF) Information
16
17
18
Emission
Factor (EF)
(number)

130
604
42.5
39.7
49.3

Emission
Factor
Unit (lb per)

M
M
M
M
M

19

20

Controlled
EF?
Yes or No

Calculation
Method
Code*

Capture %
Efficiency

N
N
N
N
N

5
5
5
5
5

GALS
GALS
GALS
GALS
GALS

* Calculation Method Codes:
1 = Continuous Emissions Monitoring Measurements
2 = Best Guess / Engineering Judgment
3 = Material Balance
4 = Source Test Measurements (Stack Test)
5 = AP-42 / FIRE Method or Emission Factor

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

25

%

52 x

DIESEL

__0.05_______%

GALLONS

14- Unit Conversion Factor (if needed to convert Unit of Measure to correlate with emission factor units)

Pollutant

Weeks/Year

12- Fuel Sulfur Content (in percent)

13- Unit of Measure: (for example: tons, gallons, million cu ft, acres, units produced, etc.)

15

Sep-Nov

Existing (e.g. VMT, acres)

16,250

(a number)

%

1530

End

9- Emissions based on (name of material or other parameter, e.g. “rock”, “diesel”, “vehicle miles traveled”)
10-

________

FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL: INTERNAL COMBUSTION
(8 digit number)

7- Normal Operating Schedule:

________

0.001

Control Device Information
21
22
23
Primary
Control
Device ID

Secondary
Control
Device ID

Control
Device(s) %
Efficiency

24

25

Efficiency
Reference
Code**

Estimated Actual
Emissions

2,113
9,815
691
645
801

6 = State or Local Agency Emission Factor
7 = Manufacturer Specifications
8 = Site-Specific Emission Factor
9 = Vendor Emission Factor
10 = Trade Group Emission Factor

13

lbs
lbs
lbs
lbs
lbs

** Control Efficiency Reference Codes:
1 = Tested efficiency / EPA reference method
2 = Tested efficiency / other source test method
3 = Design value from manufacturer
4 = Best guess / engineering estimate
5 = Calculated based on material balance
6 = Estimated, based on a published value

Instructions for Reporting 2011 Emissions

General Process Form 2011

Permit number(s)

EXAMPLE: Unpaved Road Travel

V99999

Place an X in any gray cell to mark data requested to be held confidential. See page 5 for requirements for information to be deemed confidential.
1- Process ID
28
2- Process Type/Description: UNPAVED ROAD TRAVEL: HEAVY-DUTY TRUCKS @ 15 MPH
_______

3- Stack ID(s) (only if required on Stack Form)
4- Process TIER Code:
5- SCC Code

________

140799

30502504

________

6- Seasonal Throughput Percent:

SAND/GRAVEL: HAULING
25

Dec-Feb

%

Jun-Aug

25

Hours/Year

2080

%

5

Days/Week

0700

Start

25

Mar-May

8

Hours/Day

8- Typical Hours of Operation: (military time)

Used (input)

11- Annual Amount:

or

Produced (output)

or

Sep-Nov
Weeks/Year

25

%

52 x

VEHICLE MILES TRAVELED (VMT)

 Existing (e.g. VMT, acres)

7,500

(a number)

%

1530

End

9- Emissions based on (name of material or other parameter, e.g. “rock”, “diesel”, “vehicle miles traveled”)
10-

________

MISCELLANEOUS: FUGITIVE DUST
(8 digit number)

7- Normal Operating Schedule:

________

12- Fuel Sulfur Content (in percent)

______________%

VMT

13- Unit of Measure: (for example: tons, gallons, million cu ft, acres, units produced, etc.)

14- Unit Conversion Factor (if needed to convert Unit of Measure to correlate with emission factor units)

15
Pollutant

PM-10

Emission Factor (EF) Information
16
17
18
Emission
Factor (EF)
(number)

3.2

Emission
Factor
Unit (lb per)

VMT

Control Device Information
21
22
23

19

20

Controlled
EF?
Yes or No

Calculation
Method
Code*

Capture %
Efficiency

Primary
Control
Device ID

N

6

100

4

Secondary
Control
Device ID

24

25

Control
Device(s) %
Efficiency

Efficiency
Reference
Code**

Estimated Actual
Emissions

90

6

2400

lbs
lbs
lbs
lbs
lbs
lbs

NOTE: Emissions in col. 25 are calculated as follows:
* Calculation Method Codes:
1 = Continuous Emissions Monitoring Measurements
2 = Best Guess / Engineering Judgment
3 = Material Balance
4 = Source Test Measurements (Stack Test)
5 = AP-42 / FIRE Method or Emission Factor

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

(line 11  col. 16)  (1 – [col. 20  col. 23])

6 = State or Local Agency Emission Factor
7 = Manufacturer Specifications
8 = Site-Specific Emission Factor
9 = Vendor Emission Factor
10 = Trade Group Emission Factor

14

** Control Efficiency Reference Codes
1 = Tested efficiency / EPA reference method
2 = Tested efficiency / other source test method
3 = Design value from manufacturer
4 = Best guess / engineering estimate
5 = Calculated based on material balance
6 = Estimated, based on a published value

Instructions for Reporting 2011 Emissions

Evaporative Process Form

Instructions

The Evaporative Process Form is used to report all emissions produced by evaporation. Examples include:
cleaning with solvents, painting and other coatings, printing, using resin, evaporation of fuels from storage
tanks, ammonia use, etc. All other processes should be shown on the General Process Form.
One Evaporative Process Form may be used to report numerous materials, with each material given a
separate process ID number, as long as the information on lines 1–5 apply to all items on that form. Use a
separate form for each group of materials that has a different Process Type/Description (shown on line 1),
different Tier Code (line 2) or different operating schedule (lines 3, 4, or 5).
Data fields: (See sample forms on pages 17 and 18.)
1 Process Type/Description: Brief details of the activity in which the listed materials were used.
2

Process Tier Code: If this 6-digit code is not preprinted on your form, please refer to the Tier Code list
at: http://www.maricopa.gov/aq/divisions/planning_analysis/emissions_inventory/Default.aspx
or call (602) 506-6790.

3

Seasonal Throughput Percent: Enter the percent of total annual operating time that occurred per season
(rounded to the nearest percent). For example, “Dec-Feb 30% ” means 30% of the total annual activity
occurred during January, February and December 2011. The total for all four seasons must equal 100%.

4
5

Normal Operating Schedule and
Typical Hours of Operation:

6

Process ID: A number (up to three digits) that represents this specific material (process). Each process
on one form must have the same tier code and operating schedule as that shown in the top portion of the
form. This Process ID number can not be used for any other process at this business location. See page
6 of these instructions for more explanation of ID numbers and for exclusions and guidance on grouping
materials.

7

Stack ID(s): The stack ID number(s) shown in column 1 of the Stack Form that identify the stack(s)
which vent pollution created by this process. Not all businesses are required to report stacks. This is only
required if the Stack Form is required for your site (see page 9) and the process has a stack.

8

Material Type: Provide the name of the material used in this process. Give the chemical name for pure
chemicals or a name that reflects its use (paint, ink, etc.), rather than just a brand name or code number.
Examples of materials include: paint, thinner, degreasing solvent (plus its common name), ink, fountain
solution, ammonia, alcohol, ETO (ethylene oxide), gasoline (in a storage tank).

9

Annual Material Usage/Input: Amount of this material used during the year. In most cases, the amount
purchased is suitable. Write in “lbs” or “gal” (pounds or gallons).

These represent the usual number of hours, time of day and weeks
per year when this process occurred during the calendar year.

10 Pollutant: The only pollutants reported on this form are VOC, HAP&NON and NHX (see definitions on
page 3). When one process (or material) has more than one of these pollutants, list each pollutant on a
separate line, using the same process ID number.

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

15

Instructions for Reporting 2011 Emissions

Evaporative Process Form (continued)
11 Emission Factor (EF): An emission factor is a number used to calculate the pounds of pollutant emitted
based on the quantity of material used in a process. Emission factors can be obtained from your supplier
(usually provided on a Material Safety Data Sheet or environmental data sheet), and must correspond
with the material units reported in column 9. If the material unit is “gal,” then the emission factor must
be in pounds of pollutant per gallon. If the material unit is “lb,” then the emission factor must be in
pounds of pollutant per pound of material.
Verify (and correct, where necessary) all preprinted emission factors, as the composition of materials
used may have changed since your last report. A “lb/gal” emission factor is almost always less than 8 and
never greater than 14. A “lb/lb” emission factor is never larger than 1.0.
12 Pounds of pollutant sent off-site: Required only if you wish to take credit for reduced emissions because
waste of this material is sent off-site for recycling or disposal. Only waste generated during the report
year may be claimed. The Off-Site Recycling/Disposal Form must be completed if you wish to claim a
credit. The number of pounds reported in column 12 must equal the number of pounds reported on the
Off-Site Recycling/Disposal Form(s) for the same Process ID number.
13 and 14: Leave these fields blank if there is no control device present.
13 Capture % Efficiency: The percent of the pollutant from this process that is captured and sent to the
control device.
14 Control ID: If this pollutant is being controlled in this process, enter the Control Device ID number
from column 1 of the Control Device Form.
Control % Efficiency: Enter the percent of this pollutant that is controlled by this control device.
Code: Select the Control Efficiency Reference Code from the list at the bottom of the form.
15 Estimated Emissions (lbs/yr): Estimated pounds of the pollutant emitted during the year, after off-site
recycling/disposal and controls if applicable. Credit will not be given for off-site recycling/disposal
unless it is shown on the Off-Site Recycling/Disposal Form. Round to the nearest pound. If the
answer is 0, give a decimal answer to the first significant digit. Column 15 is calculated as follows:
Emissions without off-site recycling/disposal or controls:
Column 15 = column 9  column 11
Emissions with off-site recycling/disposal:
Column 15 = (column 9  column 11) – column 12
Emissions with off-site recycling/disposal and controls:
Column 15 = ([column 9  column 11] – column 12)  (1 – [column 13  column 14])
Use the decimal equivalent for columns 13 and 14. Example: 96.123% = 0.96123

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

16

Instructions for Reporting 2011 Emissions

EXAMPLE: Coating and Painting
Evaporative Process Form 2011

Permit number(s)

V99999

Place an X in any gray cell to mark data requested to be held confidential. See page 5 for requirements for information to be deemed confidential.
1- Process Type/Description:
2- Process TIER Code:

Coating metal parts

080415

3- Seasonal Throughput Percent:
4- Normal Operating Schedule:
5- Typical Hours of Operation

Dec-Feb
Hours/Day

SOLVENT USE: SURFACE COATING - MISC METAL PARTS
25

%

8

Days/Week

(military time)

6

7

8

Process
ID

Stack
ID(s)

Material Type

800

1

801

1

802

1

803
803

Mar-May

Start

9

5

Hours/Year
End

0800

Jun-Aug

25

2080

%

Sep-Nov

25

%

Weeks/Year 52__

1700

10

11
Emission
Factor

EF
Units
(lbs per)

12

13

Pounds of
pollutant*
sent
off site

Capture
Efficiency
%

14
Control
ID

15

lb
or
gal

VOC,
HAP&NON
or
NHx

95

gl

VOC

4.7

gal

%

%

447

120

gl

VOC

7.1

gal

%

%

852

940

gl

VOC

4.2

gal

%

%

3,948

1

Paint red
4039-03
Toro-Red Paint

707

gl

VOC

7.0

gal

%

%

4,949

1

Toro-Red Paint

707

gl

HAP&NON

0.5

gal

%

%

354

Lacquer
6455-06
lacq thinner

Annual
Usage
Input

%

25

Control
Efficiency
%

Control
Efficiency
Code**

Estimated
Emissions
(lbs/yr)

lb
20
powder paint
VOC
0.001
lb
20,200
%
%
8730-11
Note: Do NOT change preprinted Process ID numbers. See page 6 of these instructions for information on how to delete materials that are no longer used, or to assign Process
ID numbers for new materials.

804

1

* If you have off-site recycling/disposal of any of the materials listed above, you must complete an Off-site Recycling/Disposal Form to receive
credit for reduced emissions.
NOTE: Emissions in col. 15 are calculated as follows:
** Control Efficiency Reference Codes
1 = Tested efficiency / EPA reference method
4 = Best guess / engineering estimate

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

([col. 9  col. 11] – col. 12)  (1 – [col. 13  col. 14])

2 = Tested efficiency / other source test method
5 = Calculated based on material balance

17

3 = Design value from manufacturer
6 = Estimated, based on a published value.

Instructions for Reporting 2011 Emissions

EXAMPLE: Cleaning solvent (with recycling)
Evaporative Process Form 2011

Permit number(s)

V99999

Place an X in any gray cell to mark data requested to be held confidential. See page 5 for requirements for information to be deemed confidential.
1- Process Type/Description:
2- Process TIER Code:

CLEANING METAL PARTS

080103

3- Seasonal Throughput Percent:

Dec-Feb

4- Normal Operating Schedule:
5- Typical Hours of Operation

SOLVENT USE: DEGREASING - COLD CLEANING

Hours/Day

25

%

8

Days/Week

(military time)

6

7

8

Process
ID

Stack
ID(s)

Material Type

3

2

Mar-May

Start

9

%

25

Hours/Year

5

End

1300

Jun-Aug
2080

25

%

Sep-Nov

25

%

Weeks/Year 52__

1700

10

11
EF
Units
(lbs per)

12

13
Capture
Efficiency
%

14

VOC,
HAP&NON
or
NHx

SANITIZER

716

lb

VOC

1.0

lb

6

GUN CLEANER

180

gl

VOC

7.2

gl

569

%

%

727

7

XYZ STRIPPER

1300

gl

VOC

3.3

gl

1,884

%

%

2,406

8

CLEANING
SOLVENTS
MEGASOLVE

358

gl

VOC

6.4

gl

1,006

%

%

1,285

2258

gl

VOC

6.8

gl

6,741

%

%

8,613

%

%

95 %

Control
ID

15

lb
or
gal

9

Emission
Factor

Pounds of
pollutant*
sent
off site

Annual Usage
Input

1

Control
Efficiency
%

80 %

Control
Efficiency
Code**

Estimated
Emissions
(lbs/yr)

3

172

Note: Do NOT change preprinted Process ID numbers. See page 6 of these instructions for information on how to delete materials that are no longer used, or to assign Process
ID numbers for new materials.

* If you have off-site recycling/disposal of any of the materials listed above, you must complete an Off-site Recycling/Disposal Form to receive
credit for reduced emissions.
NOTE:

This example shows the case where 2,400 of the original 4,096 gallons of materials #6 through 9 were captured
for off-site recycling, and the pollutant content of the waste material was estimated to be 75% of the
original. The pounds of pollutant sent off-site shown in column 12 is calculated on the example Off-Site
Recycling/Disposal Form on the next page.

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

18

Instructions for Reporting 2011 Emissions

EXAMPLE
Off-Site Recycling/Disposal Form 2011

Permit number(s)

V99999

NOTE: If you need blank copies of this form, call the Emissions Inventory Unit at
(602) 506-6790 or consult our web page at
http://www.maricopa.gov/aq/divisions/planning_analysis/emissions_inventory/Default.aspx
Provide one off-site recycling/disposal form for each waste stream at your business location. A waste stream is the waste from one
or more processes mixed together to make one waste product before it is taken off site for recycling, disposal or combustion.
1) Assign a unique two-digit ID number to identify the waste stream that will be described below.
01
(Start with ID# 01 for first waste stream. Make copies of a blank Off-Site Recycling/Disposal form and use 02 for second,
etc.)
Check one:

2,400

pounds
gallons

2) What was the quantity of this waste stream in 2011?
Indicate whether this quantity is reported in pounds or gallons. Keep waste disposal company manifests as proof that this
amount of waste was taken off-site.
3) What was the average pollutant content of the waste stream? NOTE: Report in the same units (pounds or gallons) as used
in line 2.
VOC

4.25

lbs/unit

HAP&NON

lbs/ unit NHx

lbs/ unit

NOTE: Waste normally has less pollutant content than the new product. Some of the
pollutant evaporates during the use of the product, and there is usually dirt, water or
other contaminants in the waste stream. The estimated pollutant content of the waste is
usually between 50% and 95% of the new product. This example estimates an average VOC
content (on line 3) to be 75% of the original VOC content of 5.67 lbs/gal., to account
for evaporation and contaminants. See page 20 to calculate a weighted average.
4) Calculate the total annual pollutant content of the waste in this waste stream.
(volume of waste, from Line 2)  (pollutant content, from Line 3) = Total pollutants in waste stream, in lbs/yr.
VOC

10,200

lbs/yr HAP&NON

lbs/yr

NHx

lbs/yr

5) List the process ID numbers of the processes contributing to this waste stream. Also estimate the pounds of pollutant
that each process contributed to this waste stream.
NOTE: In this example, the amount each process material contributed to total pollutants
in the waste stream (Line 4) is based on the percentage, by weight, of each material
that contributed to the waste stream (e.g., Process ID #6 contributed 5.6%, therefore
5.6% × 10,200 lbs/yr = 569 lbs. See example on page 20).
NOTE: Column totals in the table below must equal the total for each pollutant type reported on line 4. The quantities
you report below for each pollutant and process must also be reported in column 12 on the Evaporative Process Form.
Process ID
6 Contributed about
7 Contributed about
8 Contributed about
9 Contributed about

Annual VOC (lbs)
569
1,884
1,006
6,741

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

Annual
HAP&NON (lbs)
lbs
lbs
lbs
lbs

19

Annual NHx (lbs)
lbs
lbs
lbs
lbs

lbs
lbs
lbs
lbs

Instructions for Reporting 2011 Emissions

EXAMPLE: Documentation of Emission Factor Calculations
Identify the process ID number(s) and pollutant(s). Show calculations made to obtain the emission factors used
for the process(es). Include references to data sources used, including the document name, date published, page
numbers, etc.

Emission Factor Calculation
Process ID

Permit number

201

V99999

Emission factors derived from source test performed 12/2/00 by XYZ Engineering
Company (copy of summary tables also attached).
Outlet (after controls):
CO
= 0.43 lb/hr  1 hr/60 min  1 min/77.9 cu. ft  1,000,000 cu. ft/MMCF
= 92.0 lb/MMCF
= 0.09 lb/hr  1 hr/60 min  1 min/77.9 cu. ft  1,000,000 cu. ft/MMCF
= 19.3 lb/MMCF

NOx

Weighted average sample calculation
NOTE: The example below shows how the weighted average of the materials going into the
waste stream is calculated. A weighted-average emission factor has been calculated
by listing usage amounts and emission factors for each material, summing each
column, and then dividing the total emissions by the total gallons used.
In this example: 23,231 lbs  4,096 gal = 5.67 lb/gal average VOC content. This
emission factor is then used to calculate the average pollutant content in the Offsite Recycling/Disposal Form example.
This process can also be used to find the weighted average emission factor for
similar materials if you are reporting them together as a single line item on the
Evaporative Process form. Refer to the explanation of “grouping” on page 6.

Process
ID #
6
7
8
9

Material Type
gun cleaner
xyz stripper
cleaning solvent
MEGASOLVE
Totals:
Average
VOC content:

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

2011
Usage

Units

180
1,300
358
2,258
4,096

gal
gal
gal
gal
gal

VOC
(lbs/unit)
7.2
3.3
6.4
6.8

23,231 lbs.
4,096 gals

20

VOC Emissions
(= Usage  VOC
content)
1,296 lbs.
4,290 lbs.
2,291 lbs.
15,354 lbs.
23,231 lbs.
=

Percent contributed
to waste stream

5.6 %
18.5
9.9
66.1
100.0

%
%
%
%

5.67
lb/gal

Instructions for Reporting 2011 Emissions

EXAMPLE (for all sources except Title V sources)
Data Certification Form 2011

Permit number

999999

For EACH pollutant listed, total up all emissions recorded on your General Process and Evaporative Process Forms. Enter these
numbers in column 1, “Totals from Process Forms.” Report any emissions from accidental releases in column 2.
Add the figures in each row across, and enter the result in column 3, “Total Emissions”.
NOTE: “Accidental Releases” reported in column 2 should include all excess emissions
reported to the Department under Rule 140, Section 500.
(1)
Totals from
Process Forms

Summary of 2011 Annual Emissions:

(2)
+ Accidental
Releases

2,113
0
0
354
24,220
9,815
645
3,091

CO
NHx
Lead
HAP&NON
VOC
NOx
SOx
PM10

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

(3)
= TOTAL
2011 Emissions

2,113
0
0
354
24,220
9,815
645
3,091

NOTE: Review specific requirements for data confidentiality on page 5. We cannot hold
any data confidential without the required documentation.

TO COMPLETE YOUR EMISSIONS INVENTORY REPORT:
-

Complete the Confidentiality Statement below.
Sign and date this form below where indicated.
Send the original copy of your completed forms to: Maricopa County Air Quality Dept.,
Emissions Inventory Unit,1001 North Central Avenue, Suite 125, Phoenix, AZ 85004.
Keep a copy of all forms for your records.

CONFIDENTIALITY STATEMENT:
This annual emissions report contains requests to keep some data confidential.
YES
NO
If you check “YES”, you must submit documentation and meet certain requirements before your data can be deemed confidential.
See enclosed instructions for further details.
NOTE: The Data Certification form must be signed by a responsible company official.
CERTIFICATION STATEMENT:
I declare under penalty of perjury that the data (e.g. inputs, emission factors, controls, and annual emissions) presented herein
represents the best available information and is true, accurate and complete to the best of my knowledge.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Signature of owner/business officer
Date of signature
Telephone number
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Type or print full name of owner/business officer
Type or print full title

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

21

Instructions for Reporting 2011 Emissions

How to calculate an emission fee (for Title V sources only):
1. For each pollutant listed on the “Data Certification/Fee Calculation” form, total up all emissions
recorded on your General Process and Evaporative Process Forms. Enter these numbers in column 1,
“Totals from Process Forms.”
NOTE: While most processes that generate PM10 should be reported on line 5 of the Data Certification/Fee
Calculation form, “[f]ugitive emissions of PM10 from activities other than crushing, belt transfers, screening,
or stacking” (County Rule 280, § 305.2d) are NOT subject to annual emission fees. The most common
occurrences of these PM10-producing activities that are NON-billable are listed below:
SCC codes and description of PM10-producing processes that are NOT subject to emission fees
SCC
30200814
30400737
30500120
30500121
30500134
30500135
30500141
30500143
30500203
30500212
30500213
30500290
30500303
30500608
30500708
30501710
30502007
30502011
30502504
30502507
30502760
30531090
30532007
30704002
31100199
31100299
50100401
50100402
50100403
50100404
50100405

Major Category Subcategory

Facility / Process Type

Process Description

Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Waste Disposal
Waste Disposal
Waste Disposal
Waste Disposal
Waste Disposal

Feed Manufacture
Steel Foundries
Asphalt Roofing Manufacture
Asphalt Roofing Manufacture
Asphalt Roofing Manufacture
Asphalt Roofing Manufacture
Asphalt Roofing Manufacture
Asphalt Roofing Manufacture
Asphalt Concrete
Asphalt Concrete
Asphalt Concrete
Asphalt Concrete
Brick Manufacture
Cement Manufacturing (Dry Process)
Cement Manufacturing (Wet Process)
Mineral Wool
Stone Quarrying - Processing
Stone Quarrying - Processing
Construction Sand and Gravel
Construction Sand and Gravel
Industrial Sand and Gravel
Coal Mining, Cleaning, Material Handling
Stone Quarrying - Processing
Bulk Handling and Storage - Wood/Bark
Construction: Building Contractors
Demolitions/Special Trade Contracts
Landfill Dump
Landfill Dump
Landfill Dump
Landfill Dump
Landfill Dump

Storage
Raw Material Silo
Storage Bins: Ferric Chloride
Storage Bins: Mineral Stabilizer
Blown Saturant Storage
Blown Coating Storage
Granules Storage
Mineral Dust Storage
Storage Piles
Heated Asphalt Storage Tanks
Storage Silo
Haul Roads: General
Storage of Raw Materials
Raw Material Piles
Raw Material Piles
Storage of Oils and Binders
Open Storage
Hauling
Hauling
Storage Piles
Sand Handling, Transfer, & Storage
Haul Roads: General
Open Storage
Stockpiles
Other Not Classified
Other Construction/Demolition
Unpaved Road Traffic
Fugitive Emissions
Area Method
Trench Method
Ramp Method

Food and Agriculture
Secondary Metal Production
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Pulp and Paper & Wood Pdts.
Building Construction
Building Construction
Solid Waste Disposal
Solid Waste Disposal
Solid Waste Disposal
Solid Waste Disposal
Solid Waste Disposal

2. Report any accidental releases in column 2. Add columns 1 and 2 together for each pollutant, and enter
the sum in column 3. Sum lines 1 through 5 together, and enter the total on line 6.
3. Divide your facility's total billable emissions (on line 6) by 2000 to convert pounds into tons. Round to
the nearest ton. Enter this value on line 7. Multiply this number by $39.83, and enter the result on line
8. This is your 2011 emission fee.

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

22

Instructions for Reporting 2011 Emissions

EXAMPLE (for Title V sources only)
Data Certification/Fee Calculation Form 2011

Permit number

V99999

For EACH pollutant listed, total up all emissions recorded on your General Process and Evaporative Process Forms. Enter these
numbers in column 1, “Totals from Process Forms.” Report any emissions from accidental releases in column 2.
Add the figures in each row across, and enter the result in column 3, “Total Emissions”.
Carefully follow the instructions on lines 6 through 8 to calculate any emission fee owed.
NOTE: “Accidental Releases” reported in column 2 should include all excess emissions
reported to the Department under Rule 140, Section 500.
(1)
Totals from
Process Forms

Summary of 2011 Annual Emissions:

2,113
0
0
2,400

CO
NHx
Lead
PM10 (non-billable; see page 22)

(2)
+ Accidental
Releases

(3)
= TOTAL
2011 Emissions

0
0
0
0

2,113
0
0
2,400

Emissions fees are based on your emissions of the following pollutants ONLY:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

8

354
24,220
9,815
645
691

HAP&NON
VOC
NOx
SOx
PM10 (billable; see page 22)

0
0
0
0
0

354
24,220
9,815
645
691
35,725

Add “TOTAL” column from lines 1 through 5 ONLY:
Divide the total on line 6 by 2000 (pounds per ton) to get tons, and round the number to the
nearest ton. (Drop any decimal of .499 or less. Increase to the next whole number any
decimal of .500 or more.) Enter the resulting WHOLE NUMBER here.
Multiply line 7 (a WHOLE number) by $ 39.83.
This is your 2011 ANNUAL EMISSION FEE.

18

$

lbs.

TONS

716.94

NOTE: Review specific requirements for data confidentiality on page 5. We cannot hold
any data confidential without the required documentation.

TO COMPLETE YOUR EMISSIONS INVENTORY REPORT:
-

Include a check (made payable to Maricopa County Air Quality Department) for the amount calculated on line 8 above.
Complete the Confidentiality Statement below.
Sign and date this form below where indicated.
Send the Original copy of your completed forms along with any emission fee due to: Maricopa County Air Quality Department,
Emissions Inventory Unit,1001 North Central Avenue, Suite 125, Phoenix, AZ 85004.
Keep a copy of all forms for your records.

CONFIDENTIALITY STATEMENT:
This annual emissions report contains requests to keep some data confidential.
YES
NO
If you check “YES”, you must submit documentation and meet certain requirements before your data can be deemed confidential.
See enclosed instructions for further details.
NOTE: The Data Certification form must be signed by a responsible company official.
CERTIFICATION STATEMENT:
I declare under penalty of perjury that the data (e.g. inputs, emission factors, controls, and annual emissions) presented herein
represents the best available information and is true, accurate and complete to the best of my knowledge.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Signature of owner/business officer
Date of signature
Telephone number
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Type or print full name of owner/business officer
Type or print full title

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

23

Instructions for Reporting 2011 Emissions

Appendix B. Rule Effectiveness (RE) Studies
1. Introduction
Rule effectiveness (RE) studies are designed to assess the success of regulatory rules at controlling their targeted emissions. It is acknowledged that facilities and source categories subject to
control techniques and devices mandated by rules do not always achieve 100% compliance with
those requirements. Given this reality, the US EPA recommends the use of rule effectiveness
studies to improve the quality of emission estimates presented in emission inventories.
Once an RE rate has been calculated, its value is applied to relevant sources at an individual
process level, thus adjusting (i.e., increasing) emission estimates to reflect a lower degree of
control efficiency. The formulas below illustrate how inclusion of rule effectiveness can
significantly affect the resulting emission estimates:
Emissions before the application of rule effectiveness:
Uncontrolled Emissions × [1 – (Control Efficiency)] = Emissions with Control
100 tons

×

[ 1 – (0.90) ]

= 10.0 tons

Emissions including the application of rule effectiveness:
Uncontrolled Emissions × [1 – (Control Efficiency × RE)]
100 tons

×

[ 1 – (0.90 × 0.83) ]

= Emissions with Control
= 25.3 tons

In general, the RE rate is applied to all processes where a control device or control technique is
in use. There are however some limitations to this blanket rule, as expressed in US EPA’s most
recent guidance:
…not all emission estimates involving use of a control device or technique need to
be adjusted to account for RE…For example, a state or local agency may conclude that a control device that operates in conjunction with a continuous emissions monitor, or is equipped with an automatic shutdown device, may provide a
sufficient level of assurance that intended emission reductions will be achieved,
and therefore an adjustment for rule effectiveness is not necessary. Another
example would be in instances where a direct determination of emissions, such as
via a mass balance calculation, can be made. (US EPA, 2005)
Another complication in any attempt to apply a blanket RE percentage rate occurs where control
device efficiencies are extremely high. Some categories of control devices routinely operate at
efficiencies of 99% or greater (e.g., baghouses, thermal oxidizers). For these activities, even
small adjustments through the application of RE can cause a dramatic increase in reported emissions. As an example, a process with a control device of 99.9% efficiency may report controlled
emissions of 10 tons. If an RE rate of 85% were applied to this process, the adjusted emissions
would total 1,508.5 tons (an increase of nearly 15,000%). In these types of instances, the department evaluated the affected processes on a case-by-case basis to determine the appropriateness
of applying an RE adjustment.
2. Calculating Rule Effectiveness Rates for Rules 310, 310.01, and 316

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

B–1

January 2014

Rule effectiveness studies adjust the emissions from subject facilities and source categories to
account for times of non-compliance and control device equipment failure. Of particular importance to the Maricopa County Air Quality Department (MCAQD) are those rules that control
particulate matter release, since parts of the county have been designated as nonattainment areas
in regard to US EPA PM10 standards. Consequently, the rule effectiveness studies presented in
this section deal with the control of criteria pollutant PM10.
Source-specific rule effectiveness studies were undertaken as part of this project to adjust the
emissions from subject facilities and source categories to account for times of non-compliance
and control device equipment failure by incorporating applicable compliance history data to
ascribe a percentage rate (RE rate) at which the subject rule(s) attains the intended emissions
reductions. These source-specific studies use data from inspections conducted for calendar year
2010 to determine the rate of compliance of subject facilities and source categories with Rule
310 (Fugitive Dust from Dust-Generating Operations), Rule 310.01 (Fugitive Dust from NonTraditional Sources of Fugitive Dust), and Rule 316 (Nonmetallic Mineral Processing).
Rule effectiveness rates were calculated separately for Title V and non-Title V permitted
facilities. These are described in Section 2.3. In the past, a separate rule effectiveness rate has
been calculated for agricultural activities; however, for 2011, MCAQD used the same compliance factor that was used in the 2008 PM10 Periodic Emissions Inventory for agricultural
activities because there had been no changes in the Agricultural BMP program as of 2011. See
the 2008 PM10 Periodic Emissions Inventory Appendix 3 for a description of how rule
effectiveness for agricultural activities were calculated in 2008 (MCAQD, 2011).
Final RE rates are listed in Table B–1 below.
Table B–1. Rule effectiveness rates, listed by rule analyzed.

Rule
Rule 310
Rule 310.01
Rule 316
Title V Facilities
Non-Title V Facilities

Rule Effectiveness
(RE) Rate
93.50%
96.06%
73.37%
91.81%
87.81%

The resulting RE rates shown above have been applied to relevant point and area source
inventory categories and are reflected in the emission estimates presented in applicable sections
of Chapters 2 and 3.
The US EPA has provided a number of guidance documents that detail the use and formulation
of rule effectiveness studies (US EPA, 2005; 1994; 1992). The most recent of these documents
states, “First and foremost, an agency responsible for emissions inventory preparation should
attempt to obtain facility specific data from as many sources as possible, and use the collected
information to make a refined source or source category RE determination” (US EPA, 2005).
Given this directive, MCAQD developed a rule effectiveness study methodology that utilizes all
available compliance data to produce a RE rate that best reflects the field effectiveness of the
rule. By using the entire population of data for the prescribed time period, (calendar year 2010)
the statistical validity of the RE rate greatly improves.

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

B–2

January 2014

The source-specific RE rates presented here are developed from statistical examination of
recorded inspection data. This is the rate at which inspection staff is observing facility and
source category compliance in the field. While this provides the most direct measure of rule
effectiveness, it can still be an incomplete picture of overall rule effectiveness. In the case of the
source-specific studies for those sources directly affected by a county air quality rule (Rules 310,
310.01, and 316) the compliance rate is used as the RE rate. These sources tend to have a
focused, homogeneous set of processes. This, combined with the fact that these studies not only
contain the entire population of affected sources but are also very large sample sizes, gives confidence that inconsistencies of individual inspections are already addressed in practice. To
further focus the study of these sources each unique permit was classified as “in violation” if any
inspection during the allotted time period resulted in an emission based violation or as “in compliance” if no violations were issued or an administrative based violation was issued.
A total of five distinct rule effectiveness rates were calculated for use in this emissions inventory: three source-specific rule effectiveness determinations (Rule 310, Rule 310.01, and Rule
316) along with two multi-rule determinations (Title V and non-Title V permitted facilities).
The following three sections describe in further detail the data and methods used in developing
the Rule 310, Rule 310.01, and Rule 316 RE factors.

2.1 Calculating Rule Effectiveness for Sources Subject to Rule 310
Sources subject to the department Rule 310 (Fugitive Dust from Dust-Generating Operations) are
most often those construction sites where the disturbance of earth is occurring. The RE rate for
Rule 310 sources is developed from the observed compliance rate of permitted sites.
The compliance rate for Rule 310 sources uses inspection data of issued dust permits between
January 2010 and December 2010. Only inspections that result in a finding of compliance or
non-compliance (i.e., “in violation”) are considered in the compliance rate. Inspections conducted solely to confirm the closing of a permit, or inspections where a compliance determination could not be made, were not included in the development of the compliance rate. Using
these criteria, a total of 9,798 inspections were conducted on 2,632 issued permits, out of a
possible pool of 5,391 issued permits. Dust Control Permits are only valid for 12 months, and
expire on the anniversary of their issue date; for instance a permit issued on January 22, 2009
would have a January 22, 2010 expiration date. This permit would therefore only have
“operated” 22 days in the inspection period on which this compliance data is based. Some issued
permits also experience limited operations, perhaps only a month or two, but in most cases these
permits are left open by the permit holder for the entire 12 months. Given these realities, it is not
unexpected that 2,759 out of the pool of 5,391 permits received no compliance determination
inspection during the 12-month period of January 2010–December 2010. Conversely, over 48%
of all issued permits that received a compliance determination inspection were inspected two or
more times.
Of the inspected sources listed above, individual compliance rates are determined on a permit by
permit basis. Any permit that received at least one emissions-related violation during any
inspection conducted between January 2010 and December 2010 received a compliance rate of
0%. Permitted sites that had no recorded emissions-related violations during the study period
received a compliance rate of 100%. Of the permits with violations noted, 171 (84%) were
emissions-related (track-out, visible emissions, recordkeeping, silt content, etc.), with the
remaining 32 (16%) violating permits being procedural (inadequate dust control plan, late fees,

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

B–3

January 2014

etc.). The permit-specific compliance rates were summed and averaged to produce an overall
grouped compliance rate of 93.50%.

2.2 Calculating Rule Effectiveness for Sources Subject to Rule 310.01
The majority of sources subject to Rule 310.01 (Fugitive Dust from Non-Traditional Sources of
Fugitive Dust) are vacant lots. It is estimated that there are presently more than 100,000 vacant
lots in Maricopa County. Rule 310.01 sources generally do not require a permit, unlike Rule 310
and Rule 316 sources. The RE rate for Rule 310.01 sources is calculated based upon vacant lot
inspection compliance rates.
During the study period (January 2010 – December 2010), the department inspectors performed
a total of 4,990 inspections on 4,693 unique vacant lots in Maricopa County. The primary
purpose of a Rule 310.01 inspection is to verify whether or not the vacant lot in question has a
stabilized surface. If the surface is determined to be stable (through a variety of tests), the lot is
deemed to be in compliance. Conversely, if the lot’s surface is deemed to be unstable, then a
violation of Rule 310.01 has occurred. As with Rule 310, a compliance rate is determined
individually for each vacant lot, and then summed and averaged to produce a group compliance
rate. The overall compliance rate for Rule 310.01 sites is 96.06%. All 185 violations noted by
inspectors were emissions-related violations, as all the violations are for unstable soil conditions.

2.3 Calculating Rule Effectiveness for Sources Subject to Rule 316
Facilities subject to Rule 316 (Nonmetallic Mineral Processing) include those involved in the
mining of sand and gravel and the production of concrete products. All such “Rule 316 sites” are
required to have either a Title V or non-Title V permit issued by the department. At present, all
facilities that are subject to Rule 316 have only non-Title V permits. (One class of sources that
has long been an exception to this is portable sources that may operate in more than one county
during the life of the permit; thus these sources are issued permits by the Arizona Department of
Environmental Quality.) The RE rate for Rule 316 sites was determined in a similar fashion as
for Rules 310 and 310.01; i.e., calculated on the basis of the actual observed compliance rates of
permitted sites.
Inspection data for the period January 2010 through December 2010 reveal that 184 Rule 316
facilities were inspected. Overall, 2,400 inspections that resulted in a compliance determination
were performed during the study period. Of the violating facilities noted, 49 (74%) were
emissions-related, with the remaining 17 (26%) primarily procedural in nature. As with Rules
310 and 310.01, a compliance rate is computed for each facility, and then summed and averaged
for the group, resulting in an overall compliance rate of 73.37%.

3. Calculating Rule Effectiveness Rates for Title V Facilities and Non-Title V Facilities
For the remaining emission processes (not regulated by Rules 310, 310.01 and/or 316) that
include a control device or technique that limits particulate matter or ozone formation, a separate
multi-rule RE rate has been developed for permitted Title V and non-title V facilities. Factorbased matrices were utilized to develop RE rates for Title V and non-Title V facilities.
US EPA’s latest guidance (2005) provides a listing of factors that can impact rule effectiveness
rates (e.g., inspector training, frequency of inspections, media outreach, enforcement policies,
2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

B–4

January 2014

recordkeeping requirements, etc.), grouped into major categories such as most important factors,
important factors and other factors. The department used these suggested factors as the basis for
developing the RE matrices contained in Tables B–3 through B–4.
In brief, the compliance rate developed from inspection data accounts for 70% of the overall RE
rate, while all other factors account for the remaining 30%. Each factor is scored individually,
based upon the department’s success in implementing that factor. As an example, the score for
the factor “Compliance History” is the compliance rate developed from the study period
inspection data, while the score for “Enforcement Penalties” is based upon the department’s
timely response to, and settlement of, observed violations associated with the subject rule or
source category. The complete matrices are contained in Tables B–3 through B–4.
The data and methods used in the development of the RE factors for Title V and non-Title V
permitted facilities are described below. The results are summarized in Table B–2 below.
Table B–2. Rule effectiveness rate, by source category analyzed.
Source Category
Compliance Rate
Rule Effectiveness (RE) Rate
Title V Facilities
90.45% *
91.81%
Non-Title V Facilities
85.92% *
87.81%
* Compliance rates for both Title V and Non-Title V facilities are based upon 2010-2011 inspection data, and
reflect compliance self-monitoring recordkeeping practice, in addition to violation data.

Compliance rates were based upon two full years of data (2010 through 2011), as compliance
information for these sources tends to be more detailed (as reflected in the matrix). The
compliance rate for these facilities also includes data on self-monitoring recordkeeping practices
in addition to inspection data. The combined scores of the monitoring data and inspection data
divided by the 70% of the overall RE rate comprise the ‘compliance rate’ section of the RE
calculation matrix. The combined compliance rate for Title V facilities is 90.45% and 85.92%
for non-Title V facilities. Tables B–3 and B–4 indicate RE rates of 91.81% and 87.81% for Title
V and non-Title V facilities, respectively.

4. References
MCAQD, 2011. 2008 Periodic Emissions Inventory for PM10 for the Maricopa County, Arizona,
Nonattainment Area.
US EPA, 1992. Guidelines for Estimating and Applying Rule Effectiveness for Ozone/CO State
Implementation Plan Base Year Inventories. EPA Rep. 452/R-92-010, November 1992.
US EPA, 1994. Rule Effectiveness Guidance: Integration of Inventory, Compliance and
Assessment Applications. EPA Rep. 452/R-94-001, January 1994.
US EPA, 2005. Emissions Inventory Guidance for Implementation of Ozone and Particulate
Matter National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and Regional Haze Regulations.
EPA Rep. 454/R-05-001, November 2005.

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

B–5

January 2014

Table B–3. Rule Effectiveness Matrix for Title V Facilities
A. Most important factors (2 criteria, each assigned weighting of 35% of total):
Factor

Range

Midpt.
value

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%
< 70%

75%
35%

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%

75%

< 70%

35%

Monitoring

Compliance
History

Description
Source specific monitoring used for compliance
purposes, and monitoring records filed with
regulatory agency at least every 4 months.
Source specific monitoring used as an indicator of
compliance, and monitoring records filed with
regulatory agency every 6 to 9 months.
Source specific monitoring used as an indicator of
compliance, and monitoring records filed with
regulatory agency each year.
General guidance exists for source specific
enhanced monitoring, and monitoring records
required but aren’t submitted to regulatory agency.
No requirements for any type of monitoring.
The facility has been in compliance for the past
eight quarters.
The facility is believed to have been in compliance
for the past eight quarters, although inspection
frequency is such that this can’t be positively
confirmed.
On schedule; the facility is meeting its compliance
schedule.
In Violation; facility is in violation of emissions
and/or procedural requirements.
High Priority Violator (HPV): the facility is in
significant violation of one or more applicable
requirement of the CAA.

Weight

Value
Score
assigned to (= weight ×
MCAQD
value)

35%

90%

31.5%

12 of 21
facilities

19.4%

7 of 21
facilities

11.3%

2 of 21
facilities
Sum:

1.2%
31.8%

35%

Overall Compliance Rate for Title V facilities:

90.45%

B. Other important factors (4 criteria, each assigned weighting of 3% of total):

Type of
Inspection

Operation &
Maintenance

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%

75%

< 70%

35%

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%
< 70%

75%
35%

Inspections involve compliance test methods with
a high degree of accuracy, such as stack testing or
other types of precise emissions measurement.
Inspections involve detailed review of process
parameters & inspection of control equipment.
Inspections involve review of process and
inspection of control equipment.
Inspections generally consist of only a records
review.
Inspections most likely consist of visual inspection
(e.g., opacity), or drive by.
Control equipment operators follow and sign daily
O&M instructions.
Control equipment operators follow daily O&M
instructions.
Control equipment operators follow daily or
weekly O&M instructions.
O&M requirements exist, but on no specific
schedule.
No specific O&M requirements.

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

B–6

3%

97%

2.9%

3%

90%

2.7%

January 2014

Factor

Unannounced
Inspections

Range
94%
100%
87%
93%
81%
86%
70%
80%
< 70%

Midpt.
value
97%
90%
84%
75%
35%

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%

75%

< 70%

35%

Enforcement
Penalties

Description
Routinely conducted.
Sometimes done.
Done, but infrequently.
Rarely done.
Never done.
Agency has the authority to impose punitive
measures, including monetary fines, towards
violators such as in delegated Title V Operating
Permit programs.
Agency has the authority to impose punitive
measures, including monetary fines, towards
violators such as in delegated Title V Operating
Permit programs.
Agency has the authority to impose punitive
measures, including monetary fines, towards
violators such as in delegated Title V Operating
Permit programs.
Agency has the authority to impose punitive
measures, including monetary fines, towards
violators such as in delegated Title V Operating
Permit programs.
Agency does not have sufficient authority to
impose punitive measures towards violators.

Weight
3%

Value
Score
assigned to (= weight ×
MCAQD
value)
97%
2.9%

3%

97%

2.91%

2%

97%

1.94%

2%

97%

1.94%

2%

97%

1.94%

C. Other factors (9 criteria, each assigned weighting of 2% of total):

Compliance
Certifications

Inspection
Frequency

EPA HPV
Enforcement

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%

75%

< 70%

35%

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%
70%

86%
80%
< 70%

84%
75%
35%

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%

75%

< 70%

35%

Source subject to Title V or other type of compliance certification.
Source subject to Title V or other type of compliance certification.
Source not subject to any type of compliance certification.
Source not subject to any type of compliance certification.
Source not subject to any type of compliance certification.
Source(s) are inspected once every 2 years or more
frequently.
Source(s) are inspected once every 3 years or more
frequently.
Source(s) are inspected once every 5 years or more
frequently.
Inspection of source(s) infrequent; > every 5 years.
Inspections rarely, if ever, performed.
Agency has sufficient resources to implement
EPA’s 12/22/98 HPV policy.
Agency’s resources allow it to implement EPA’s
12/22/98 HPV policy in most instances.
Agency’s resources allow it to implement EPA’s
12/22/98 HPV policy in most instances.
Agency’s resources allow it to implement EPA’s
12/22/98 HPV policy more often than not.
Resource constraints prohibit agency from
implementing EPA’s 12/22/98 HPV policy in most
instances.

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

B–7

January 2014

Factor

Operator
Training

Media
Publicity

Range

Midpt.
value

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

0.8

75%

< 70%

35%

Description
Control equipment operators complete a formal
training program on use of the equipment, and
such program is kept up to date and has been
reviewed by the regulatory agency.
Control equipment operators complete formal
training program, and such program is kept up to
date and available for review by the regulatory
agency upon request.
Control equipment operators complete some
amount of formal training.
Control equipment operators receive only on the
job training.
Control equipment operators receive no specific
training.

100%
93%
86%
80%
< 70%

97%
90%
84%
75%
35%

Media publicity of enforcement actions.
Media publicity of enforcement actions.
Media publicity of enforcement actions.
Media publicity of enforcement actions.
No media publicity of enforcement actions.

94%
87%
81%
70%

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%

75%

< 70%

35%

Regulatory
Workshops

94%

Inspector
Training

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%

75%

< 70%

35%

Regulatory workshops are available annually,
and/or the implementing agency mails regulatory
information packages each year.
Regulatory workshops are available every 1-2
years, and/or the implementing agency mails
regulatory information packages every 1-2 years.
Regulatory workshops are available every 2-3
years, and/or the implementing agency mails
regulatory information packages once every 2-3
years.
Regulatory workshop not routinely available, but
implementing agency mails regulatory information
packages out about once every 2-3 years.
Regulatory workshops not routinely available.
Implementing agency mails regulatory information
packages infrequently, if ever.
Inspectors must undergo 2 weeks of
comprehensive basic training, and 1 to 2 weeks of
source specific training, and such training is
updated each year.
Inspectors must undergo 1 to 2 weeks of basic
training and 1 week of source specific training and
such training is updated every 1-2 years.
Inspectors must undergo 1 to 2 weeks of basic
training and 3 to 5 days of source specific training,
and such training is updated every 1-2 years.
Inspectors must undergo 1 to 2 weeks of basic
training and 1 to 3 days of source specific training,
and such training is updated every 1-2 years.
Inspectors must undergo less than 5 days of basic
training less than 3 days of source specific
training, and such training is updated only every 2
years or less frequently.

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

B–8

Weight

Value
Score
assigned to (= weight ×
MCAQD
value)

2%

84%

1.68%

2%

97%

1.94%

2%

97%

1.94%

2%

90%

1.80%

January 2014

Factor

Range
94%

Testing
Guidelines

Follow-up
Inspections

Midpt.
value

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%

75%

< 70%

35%

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%

75%

< 70%

35%

Description
Specific guidelines and schedule for testing and
test methods exist.
Specific guidelines on testing and test methods
exist, but no schedule for testing.
Specific guidelines on testing and test methods
exist, but no schedule for testing.
Specific guidelines on testing and test methods,
but no schedule for testing.
Only general guidance on testing, or no mention of
testing requirements.
Follow-up inspections always or almost always
conducted (90 % of the time or more).
Follow-up inspections usually conducted
(approximately 75% of the time).
Follow-up inspections sometimes conducted
(approximately 50% of the time).
Follow-up inspections infrequently conducted
(approximately 25% of the time).
Follow-up inspections rarely or never conducted
(10% of the time or less)

Overall rule effectiveness score for Title V facilities:

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

B–9

Weight
2%

2%

Value
Score
assigned to (= weight ×
MCAQD
value)
97%

97%

1.94%

1.94%

91.81%

January 2014

Table B–4. Rule Effectiveness Matrix for Non-Title V Facilities
A. Most important factors (2 criteria, each assigned weighting of 35% of total):
Factor

Range

Midpt.
value

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%
< 70%

75%
35%

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%

75%

< 70%

35%

Monitoring

Compliance
History

Description
Source specific monitoring used for compliance
purposes, and monitoring records filed with
regulatory agency at least every 4 months.
Source specific monitoring used as an indicator of
compliance, and monitoring records filed with
regulatory agency every 6 to 9 months.
Source specific monitoring used as an indicator of
compliance, and monitoring records filed with
regulatory agency each year.
General guidance exists for source specific
enhanced monitoring, and monitoring records required but aren’t submitted to regulatory agency.
No requirements for any type of monitoring.
The facility has been in compliance for the past
eight quarters.
The facility is believed to have been in compliance
for the past eight quarters, although inspection
frequency is such that this can’t be positively
confirmed.
On schedule; the facility is meeting its compliance
schedule.
In Violation; facility is in violation of emissions
and/or procedural requirements.
High Priority Violator (HPV): the facility is in
significant violation of one or more applicable
requirement of the CAA.

Weight

35%

35%

Value
Score
assigned to (= weight
MCAQD
× value)

75%

191 of 268
facilities

24.2%

19 of 268
facilities

2.2%

77 of 268
facilities

7.5%

0 of 268
facilities
Sum:

0.0%
33.9%

Overall Compliance Rate for Non-Title V facilities:

B.

26.3%

85.92%

Other important factors (4 criteria, each assigned weighting of 3% of total):

Type of
Inspection

Operation &
Maintenance

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%

75%

< 70%

35%

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%
< 70%

75%
35%

Inspections involve compliance test methods with
a high degree of accuracy, such as stack testing or
other types of precise emissions measurement.
Inspections involve detailed review of process
parameters & inspection of control equipment.
Inspections involve review of process and
inspection of control equipment.
Inspections generally consist of only a records
review.
Inspections most likely consist of visual inspection
(e.g., opacity), or drive by.
Control equipment operators follow and sign daily
O&M instructions.
Control equipment operators follow daily O&M
instructions.
Control equipment operators follow daily or
weekly O&M instructions.
O&M requirements exist, but on no specific
schedule.
No specific O&M requirements.

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

B–10

3%

90%

2.7%

3%

90%

2.7%

January 2014

Factor
Unannounced
Inspections

Range
94%
100%
87%
93%
81%
86%
70%
80%
< 70%

Midpt.
value
97%
90%
84%
75%
35%

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%

75%

< 70%

35%

Enforcement
Penalties

Description
Routinely conducted.
Sometimes done.
Done, but infrequently.
Rarely done.
Never done.
Agency has the authority to impose punitive
measures, including monetary fines, towards
violators such as in delegated Title V Operating
Permit programs.
Agency has the authority to impose punitive
measures, including monetary fines, towards
violators such as in delegated Title V Operating
Permit programs.
Agency has the authority to impose punitive
measures, including monetary fines, towards
violators such as in delegated Title V Operating
Permit programs.
Agency has the authority to impose punitive
measures, including monetary fines, towards
violators such as in delegated Title V Operating
Permit programs.
Agency does not have sufficient authority to
impose punitive measures towards violators.

Weight
3%

Value
Score
assigned to (= weight
MCAQD
× value)
97%
2.91%

3%

97%

2.91%

2%

75%

1.5%

2%

97%

1.94%

2%

97%

1.94%

C. Other factors (9 criteria, each assigned weighting of 2% of total):

Compliance
Certifications

Inspection
Frequency

EPA HPV
Enforcement

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%

75%

< 70%

35%

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%
70%

86%
80%
< 70%

84%
75%
35%

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%

75%

< 70%

35%

Source subject to Title V or other type of
compliance certification.
Source subject to Title V or other type of
compliance certification.
Source not subject to any type of compliance
certification.
Source not subject to any type of compliance
certification.
Source not subject to any type of compliance
certification.
Source(s) are inspected once every 2 years or more
frequently.
Source(s) inspected every 3 years or more
frequently.
Source(s) inspected every 5 years or more
frequently.
Inspection of source(s) infrequent; > every 5 years.
Inspections rarely, if ever, performed.
Agency has sufficient resources to implement
EPA’s 12/22/98 HPV policy.
Agency’s resources allow it to implement EPA’s
12/22/98 HPV policy in most instances.
Agency’s resources allow it to implement EPA’s
12/22/98 HPV policy in most instances.
Agency’s resources allow it to implement EPA’s
12/22/98 HPV policy more often than not.
Resource constraints prohibit agency from
implementing EPA’s 12/22/98 HPV policy in most
instances.

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

B–11

January 2014

Factor

Operator
Training

Media
Publicity

Midpt.
value

Range

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

0.8

75%

< 70%

35%

Description
Control equipment operators complete a formal
training program on use of the equipment; the
program is kept up to date and has been reviewed
by the regulatory agency.
Control equipment operators complete formal
training program, and such program is kept up to
date and available for review by the regulatory
agency upon request.
Control equipment operators complete some
amount of formal training.
Control equipment operators receive only on the
job training.
Control equipment operators receive no specific
training.

100%
93%
86%
80%
< 70%

97%
90%
84%
75%
35%

Media publicity of enforcement actions.
Media publicity of enforcement actions.
Media publicity of enforcement actions.
Media publicity of enforcement actions.
No media publicity of enforcement actions.

94%
87%
81%
70%

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%

75%

< 70%

35%

Regulatory
Workshops

Inspector
Training

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%

75%

< 70%

35%

Regulatory workshops are available annually,
and/or the implementing agency mails regulatory
information packages each year.
Regulatory workshops are available every 1-2
years, and/or the implementing agency mails
regulatory information packages every 1-2 years.
Regulatory workshops are available every 2-3
years, and/or the implementing agency mails
regulatory information packages once every 2-3
years.
Regulatory workshop not routinely available, but
implementing agency mails regulatory information
packages out about once every 2-3 years.
Regulatory workshops not routinely available. The
implementing agency mails regulatory information
packages infrequently, if ever.
Inspectors must undergo 2 weeks of comprehensive basic training, and 1 to 2 weeks of source
specific training, and such training is updated each
year.
Inspectors must undergo 1 to 2 weeks of basic
training and 1 week of source specific training and
such training is updated every 1-2 years.
Inspectors must undergo 1 to 2 weeks of basic
training and 3 to 5 days of source specific training,
and such training is updated every 1-2 years.
Inspectors must undergo 1 to 2 weeks of basic
training and 1 to 3 days of source specific training,
and such training is updated every 1-2 years.
Inspectors must undergo less than 5 days of basic
training less than 3 days of source specific
training, and such training is updated only every 2
years or less frequently.

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

B–12

Weight

Value
assigned to
MCAQD

Score(=
weight ×
value)

2%

75%

1.50%

2%

97%

1.94%

2%

97%

1.94%

2%

90%

1.80%

January 2014

Factor

Testing
Guidelines

Follow-up
Inspections

Midpt.
value

Range
94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%

75%

< 70%

35%

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%

75%

< 70%

35%

Description
Specific guidelines and schedule for testing and
test methods exist.
Specific guidelines on testing and test methods
exist, but no schedule for testing.
Specific guidelines on testing and test methods
exist, but no schedule for testing.
Specific guidelines on testing and test methods,
but no schedule for testing.
Only general guidance on testing, or no mention of
testing requirements.
Follow-up inspections always or almost always
conducted (90 % of the time or more).
Follow-up inspections usually conducted
(approximately 75% of the time).
Follow-up inspections sometimes conducted
(approximately 50% of the time).
Follow-up inspections infrequently conducted
(approximately 25% of the time).
Follow-up inspections rarely or never conducted
(10% of the time or less)

Overall rule effectiveness score for non-Title V facilities:

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

B–13

Weight

Value
assigned to
MCAQD

Score(=
weight ×
value)

2%

97%

1.94%

2%

97%

1.94%

87.81%

January 2014

Appendix C. MOVES2010b Local Input Data and RunSpecs
In order to calculate the 2011 annual and average day onroad source emissions, MOVES2010b
was executed using local input data for each month of the year and each geographical area (the
PM10 NAA and Maricopa County).
A portion of the MOVES2010b RunSpec Summary, RunSpec, and local input data for Maricopa
County are provided in this appendix as an example.

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

C–1

January 2014

MOVES2010b RunSpec Summary (Maricopa County, July 2011)
* Output Database Server Name: [using default]
* Scale:
Domain/Scale: County
Calculation Type: Inventory
* Time Spans:
Time Aggregation Level: Hour
Years: 2011
Months: July
Days: Weekend & Weekdays
Hours: Start Hour 00:00 - 00:59 | End Hour 23:00 - 23:59
* Geographic Bounds:
Region: County
Selections: ARIZONA - Maricopa County
Domain Input Database: pei_mc_2011_may2011_m2010b_in_v1
* Vehicles/Equipment
On Road Vehicle Equipment:
Diesel Fuel - Combination Long-haul Truck
Diesel Fuel - Combination Short-haul Truck
Diesel Fuel - Intercity Bus
Diesel Fuel - Light Commercial Truck
Diesel Fuel - Motor Home
Diesel Fuel - Motorcycle
Diesel Fuel - Passenger Car
Diesel Fuel - Passenger Truck
Diesel Fuel - Refuse Truck
Diesel Fuel - School Bus
Diesel Fuel - Single Unit Long-haul Truck
Diesel Fuel - Single Unit Short-haul Truck
Diesel Fuel - Transit Bus
Gasoline - Combination Long-haul Truck
Gasoline - Combination Short-haul Truck
Gasoline - Intercity Bus
Gasoline - Light Commercial Truck
Gasoline - Motor Home
Gasoline - Motorcycle
Gasoline - Passenger Car
Gasoline - Passenger Truck
Gasoline - Refuse Truck
Gasoline - School Bus
Gasoline - Single Unit Long-haul Truck
Gasoline - Single Unit Short-haul Truck
Gasoline - Transit Bus
Compressed natural Gas (CNG) - Combination Long-haul
Truck
Compressed natural Gas (CNG) - Combination Short-haul
Truck
Compressed natural Gas (CNG) - Intercity Bus
Compressed natural Gas (CNG) - Light Commercial Truck
Compressed natural Gas (CNG) - Motor Home
Compressed natural Gas (CNG) - Motorcycle
Compressed natural Gas (CNG) - Passenger Car
Compressed natural Gas (CNG) - Passenger Truck
Compressed natural Gas (CNG) - Refuse Truck
Compressed natural Gas (CNG) - School Bus
Compressed natural Gas (CNG) - Single Unit Long-haul Truck
Compressed natural Gas (CNG) - Single Unit Short-haul Truck
Compressed natural Gas (CNG) - Transit Bus
* Road Type
Off-Network
Rural Restricted Access
Rural Unrestricted Access
Urban Restricted Access
Urban Unrestricted Access

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

* Pollutants and Processes
Total Gaseous Hydrocarbons - Running Exhaust
Total Gaseous Hydrocarbons - Start Exhaust
Total Gaseous Hydrocarbons - Evap Permeation
Total Gaseous Hydrocarbons - Evap Fuel Vapor Venting
Total Gaseous Hydrocarbons - Evap Fuel Leaks
Total Gaseous Hydrocarbons - Crankcase Running Exhaust
Total Gaseous Hydrocarbons - Crankcase Start Exhaust
Total Gaseous Hydrocarbons - Crankcase Extended Idle Exhaust
Total Gaseous Hydrocarbons - Refueling Displacement Vapor Loss
Total Gaseous Hydrocarbons - Refueling Spillage Loss
Total Gaseous Hydrocarbons - Extended Idle Exhaust
Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) - Running Exhaust
Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) - Start Exhaust
Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) - Crankcase Running Exhaust
Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) - Crankcase Start Exhaust
Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) - Crankcase Extended Idle Exhaust
Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) - Extended Idle Exhaust
Methane (CH4) - Running Exhaust
Methane (CH4) - Start Exhaust
Methane (CH4) - Crankcase Running Exhaust
Methane (CH4) - Crankcase Start Exhaust
Methane (CH4) - Crankcase Extended Idle Exhaust
Methane (CH4) - Refueling Displacement Vapor Loss
Methane (CH4) - Refueling Spillage Loss
Methane (CH4) - Extended Idle Exhaust
Ammonia (NH3) - Running Exhaust
Ammonia (NH3) - Start Exhaust
Ammonia (NH3) - Crankcase Running Exhaust
Ammonia (NH3) - Crankcase Start Exhaust
Ammonia (NH3) - Crankcase Extended Idle Exhaust
Ammonia (NH3) - Extended Idle Exhaust
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) - Running Exhaust
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) - Start Exhaust
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) - Crankcase Running Exhaust
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) - Crankcase Start Exhaust
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) - Crankcase Extended Idle Exhaust
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) - Extended Idle Exhaust
Non-Methane Hydrocarbons - Running Exhaust
Non-Methane Hydrocarbons - Start Exhaust
Non-Methane Hydrocarbons - Evap Permeation
Non-Methane Hydrocarbons - Evap Fuel Vapor Venting
Non-Methane Hydrocarbons - Evap Fuel Leaks
Non-Methane Hydrocarbons - Crankcase Running Exhaust
Non-Methane Hydrocarbons - Crankcase Start Exhaust
Non-Methane Hydrocarbons - Crankcase Extended Idle Exhaust
Non-Methane Hydrocarbons - Refueling Displacement Vapor Loss
Non-Methane Hydrocarbons - Refueling Spillage Loss
Non-Methane Hydrocarbons - Extended Idle Exhaust
Non-Methane Organic Gases - Running Exhaust
Non-Methane Organic Gases - Start Exhaust
Non-Methane Organic Gases - Evap Permeation
Non-Methane Organic Gases - Evap Fuel Vapor Venting
Non-Methane Organic Gases - Evap Fuel Leaks
Non-Methane Organic Gases - Crankcase Running Exhaust
Non-Methane Organic Gases - Crankcase Start Exhaust
Non-Methane Organic Gases - Crankcase Extended Idle Exhaust
Non-Methane Organic Gases - Refueling Displacement Vapor Loss
Non-Methane Organic Gases - Refueling Spillage Loss
Non-Methane Organic Gases - Extended Idle Exhaust
Total Organic Gases - Running Exhaust
Total Organic Gases - Start Exhaust
Total Organic Gases - Evap Permeation
Total Organic Gases - Evap Fuel Vapor Venting
Total Organic Gases - Evap Fuel Leaks
Total Organic Gases - Crankcase Running Exhaust
Total Organic Gases - Crankcase Start Exhaust
Total Organic Gases - Crankcase Extended Idle Exhaust
Total Organic Gases - Refueling Displacement Vapor Loss

C–2

January 2014

Total Organic Gases - Refueling Spillage Loss
Total Organic Gases - Extended Idle Exhaust
Volatile Organic Compounds - Running Exhaust
Volatile Organic Compounds - Start Exhaust
Volatile Organic Compounds - Evap Permeation
Volatile Organic Compounds - Evap Fuel Vapor Venting
Volatile Organic Compounds - Evap Fuel Leaks
Volatile Organic Compounds - Crankcase Running Exhaust
Volatile Organic Compounds - Crankcase Start Exhaust
Volatile Organic Compounds - Crankcase Extended Idle Exhaust
Volatile Organic Compounds - Refueling Displacement Vapor
Loss
Volatile Organic Compounds - Refueling Spillage Loss
Volatile Organic Compounds - Extended Idle Exhaust
Total Energy Consumption - Running Exhaust
Total Energy Consumption - Start Exhaust
Total Energy Consumption - Extended Idle Exhaust
Primary Exhaust PM10- Total - Running Exhaust
Primary Exhaust PM10- Total - Start Exhaust
Primary Exhaust PM10- Total - Crankcase Running Exhaust
Primary Exhaust PM10- Total - Crankcase Start Exhaust
Primary Exhaust PM10- Total - Crankcase Extended Idle Exhaust
Primary Exhaust PM10- Total - Extended Idle Exhaust
Primary PM10 - Organic Carbon - Running Exhaust
Primary PM10 - Organic Carbon - Start Exhaust
Primary PM10 - Organic Carbon - Crankcase Running Exhaust
Primary PM10 - Organic Carbon - Crankcase Start Exhaust
Primary PM10 - Organic Carbon - Crankcase Extended Idle
Exhaust
Primary PM10 - Organic Carbon - Extended Idle Exhaust
Primary PM10 - Elemental Carbon - Running Exhaust
Primary PM10 - Elemental Carbon - Start Exhaust
Primary PM10 - Elemental Carbon - Crankcase Running Exhaust
Primary PM10 - Elemental Carbon - Crankcase Start Exhaust
Primary PM10 - Elemental Carbon - Crankcase Extended Idle
Exhaust
Primary PM10 - Elemental Carbon - Extended Idle Exhaust
Primary PM10 - Sulfate Particulate - Running Exhaust
Primary PM10 - Sulfate Particulate - Start Exhaust
Primary PM10 - Sulfate Particulate - Crankcase Running Exhaust
Primary PM10 - Sulfate Particulate - Crankcase Start Exhaust
Primary PM10 - Sulfate Particulate - Crankcase Extended Idle
Exhaust
Primary PM10 - Sulfate Particulate - Extended Idle Exhaust
Primary PM10 - Brakewear Particulate - Brakewear
Primary PM10 - Tirewear Particulate - Tirewear

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total - Running Exhaust
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total - Start Exhaust
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total - Crankcase Running Exhaust
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total - Crankcase Start Exhaust
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total - Crankcase Extended Idle Exhaust
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total - Extended Idle Exhaust
Primary PM2.5 - Organic Carbon - Running Exhaust
Primary PM2.5 - Organic Carbon - Start Exhaust
Primary PM2.5 - Organic Carbon - Crankcase Running Exhaust
Primary PM2.5 - Organic Carbon - Crankcase Start Exhaust
Primary PM2.5 - Organic Carbon - Crankcase Extended Idle
Exhaust
Primary PM2.5 - Organic Carbon - Extended Idle Exhaust
Primary PM2.5 - Elemental Carbon - Running Exhaust
Primary PM2.5 - Elemental Carbon - Start Exhaust
Primary PM2.5 - Elemental Carbon - Crankcase Running Exhaust
Primary PM2.5 - Elemental Carbon - Crankcase Start Exhaust
Primary PM2.5 - Elemental Carbon - Crankcase Extended Idle
Exhaust
Primary PM2.5 - Elemental Carbon - Extended Idle Exhaust
Primary PM2.5 - Sulfate Particulate - Running Exhaust
Primary PM2.5 - Sulfate Particulate - Start Exhaust
Primary PM2.5 - Sulfate Particulate - Crankcase Running Exhaust
Primary PM2.5 - Sulfate Particulate - Crankcase Start Exhaust
Primary PM2.5 - Sulfate Particulate - Crankcase Extended Idle
Exhaust
Primary PM2.5 - Sulfate Particulate - Extended Idle Exhaust
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate - Brakewear
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate - Tirewear
* Manage Input Data Sets
Selections: / StageII_Input / Stage II Refueling Input
* Output
General Output:
Output Database: pei_mc_2011_may2011_m2010b_out_v1
Units: Mass Units (Grams) | Energy Units (Joules) | Distance
Units (Miles)
Activity: Distance Traveled | Source Hours | Source Hours
Idling | Source Hours Operating | Source Hours
Parked | Population | Starts
Output Emissions Detail:
Always: Time (Month) | Location (NATION) | Pollutant
For All Vehicle/Equipment Categories: Fuel Type | Emission
Process
On Road: SCC

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January 2014

MOVES2010b RunSpec (Maricopa County, July 2011)
<runspec>
<description><![CDATA[MC area for 2011, Emission Inventory]]></description>
<modelscale value="Inv"/>
<modeldomain value="SINGLE"/>
<geographicselections>
<geographicselection type="COUNTY" key="4013" description="ARIZONA - Maricopa County"/>
</geographicselections>
<timespan>
<year key="2011"/>
<month id="7"/>
<day id="2"/>
<day id="5"/>
<beginhour id="1"/>
<endhour id="24"/>
<aggregateBy key="Hour"/>
</timespan>
<onroadvehicleselections>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="11" sourcetypename="Motorcycle"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="21" sourcetypename="Passenger Car"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="31" sourcetypename="Passenger Truck"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="32" sourcetypename="Light Commercial Truck"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="41" sourcetypename="Intercity Bus"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="42" sourcetypename="Transit Bus"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="43" sourcetypename="School Bus"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="51" sourcetypename="Refuse Truck"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="52" sourcetypename="Single Unit Short-haul Truck"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="53" sourcetypename="Single Unit Long-haul Truck"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="54" sourcetypename="Motor Home"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="61" sourcetypename="Combination Short-haul Truck"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="62" sourcetypename="Combination Long-haul Truck"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="11" sourcetypename="Motorcycle"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="21" sourcetypename="Passenger Car"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="31" sourcetypename="Passenger Truck"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="32" sourcetypename="Light Commercial Truck"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="41" sourcetypename="Intercity Bus"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="42" sourcetypename="Transit Bus"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="43" sourcetypename="School Bus"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="51" sourcetypename="Refuse Truck"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="52" sourcetypename="Single Unit Short-haul
Truck"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="53" sourcetypename="Single Unit Long-haul
Truck"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="54" sourcetypename="Motor Home"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="61" sourcetypename="Combination Short-haul
Truck"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="62" sourcetypename="Combination Long-haul
Truck"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="3" fueltypedesc="Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)" sourcetypeid="11"
sourcetypename="Motorcycle"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="3" fueltypedesc="Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)" sourcetypeid="21" sourcetypename="Passenger
Car"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="3" fueltypedesc="Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)" sourcetypeid="31" sourcetypename="Passenger
Truck"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="3" fueltypedesc="Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)" sourcetypeid="32" sourcetypename="Light
Commercial Truck"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="3" fueltypedesc="Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)" sourcetypeid="41" sourcetypename="Intercity
Bus"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="3" fueltypedesc="Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)" sourcetypeid="42" sourcetypename="Transit
Bus"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="3" fueltypedesc="Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)" sourcetypeid="43" sourcetypename="School
Bus"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="3" fueltypedesc="Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)" sourcetypeid="51" sourcetypename="Refuse
Truck"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="3" fueltypedesc="Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)" sourcetypeid="52" sourcetypename="Single Unit
Short-haul Truck"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="3" fueltypedesc="Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)" sourcetypeid="53" sourcetypename="Single Unit
Long-haul Truck"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="3" fueltypedesc="Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)" sourcetypeid="54" sourcetypename="Motor
Home"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="3" fueltypedesc="Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)" sourcetypeid="61" sourcetypename="Combination
Short-haul Truck"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="3" fueltypedesc="Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)" sourcetypeid="62" sourcetypename="Combination
Long-haul Truck"/>
</onroadvehicleselections>
<offroadvehicleselections>
</offroadvehicleselections>
<offroadvehiclesccs>
</offroadvehiclesccs>
<roadtypes>
<roadtype roadtypeid="1" roadtypename="Off-Network"/>
<roadtype roadtypeid="2" roadtypename="Rural Restricted Access"/>
<roadtype roadtypeid="3" roadtypename="Rural Unrestricted Access"/>
<roadtype roadtypeid="4" roadtypename="Urban Restricted Access"/>
<roadtype roadtypeid="5" roadtypename="Urban Unrestricted Access"/>
</roadtypes>
<pollutantprocessassociations>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="1" pollutantname="Total Gaseous Hydrocarbons" processkey="1" processname="Running
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="1" pollutantname="Total Gaseous Hydrocarbons" processkey="2" processname="Start

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

C–4

January 2014

Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="1" pollutantname="Total Gaseous Hydrocarbons" processkey="11" processname="Evap
Permeation"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="1" pollutantname="Total Gaseous Hydrocarbons" processkey="12" processname="Evap Fuel
Vapor Venting"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="1" pollutantname="Total Gaseous Hydrocarbons" processkey="13" processname="Evap Fuel
Leaks"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="1" pollutantname="Total Gaseous Hydrocarbons" processkey="15" processname="Crankcase
Running Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="1" pollutantname="Total Gaseous Hydrocarbons" processkey="16" processname="Crankcase
Start Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="1" pollutantname="Total Gaseous Hydrocarbons" processkey="17" processname="Crankcase
Extended Idle Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="1" pollutantname="Total Gaseous Hydrocarbons" processkey="18" processname="Refueling
Displacement Vapor Loss"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="1" pollutantname="Total Gaseous Hydrocarbons" processkey="19" processname="Refueling
Spillage Loss"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="1" pollutantname="Total Gaseous Hydrocarbons" processkey="90" processname="Extended
Idle Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="3" pollutantname="Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)" processkey="1" processname="Running
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="3" pollutantname="Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)" processkey="2" processname="Start
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="3" pollutantname="Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)" processkey="15" processname="Crankcase
Running Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="3" pollutantname="Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)" processkey="16" processname="Crankcase
Start Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="3" pollutantname="Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)" processkey="17" processname="Crankcase
Extended Idle Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="3" pollutantname="Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)" processkey="90" processname="Extended Idle
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="5" pollutantname="Methane (CH4)" processkey="1" processname="Running Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="5" pollutantname="Methane (CH4)" processkey="2" processname="Start Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="5" pollutantname="Methane (CH4)" processkey="15" processname="Crankcase Running
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="5" pollutantname="Methane (CH4)" processkey="16" processname="Crankcase Start
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="5" pollutantname="Methane (CH4)" processkey="17" processname="Crankcase Extended Idle
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="5" pollutantname="Methane (CH4)" processkey="18" processname="Refueling Displacement
Vapor Loss"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="5" pollutantname="Methane (CH4)" processkey="19" processname="Refueling Spillage
Loss"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="5" pollutantname="Methane (CH4)" processkey="90" processname="Extended Idle Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="30" pollutantname="Ammonia (NH3)" processkey="1" processname="Running Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="30" pollutantname="Ammonia (NH3)" processkey="2" processname="Start Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="30" pollutantname="Ammonia (NH3)" processkey="15" processname="Crankcase Running
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="30" pollutantname="Ammonia (NH3)" processkey="16" processname="Crankcase Start
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="30" pollutantname="Ammonia (NH3)" processkey="17" processname="Crankcase Extended Idle
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="30" pollutantname="Ammonia (NH3)" processkey="90" processname="Extended Idle
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="31" pollutantname="Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)" processkey="1" processname="Running
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="31" pollutantname="Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)" processkey="2" processname="Start Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="31" pollutantname="Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)" processkey="15" processname="Crankcase
Running Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="31" pollutantname="Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)" processkey="16" processname="Crankcase Start
Exhaust"/>

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

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<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="31" pollutantname="Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)" processkey="17" processname="Crankcase
Extended Idle Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="31" pollutantname="Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)" processkey="90" processname="Extended Idle
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="79" pollutantname="Non-Methane Hydrocarbons" processkey="1" processname="Running
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="79" pollutantname="Non-Methane Hydrocarbons" processkey="2" processname="Start
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="79" pollutantname="Non-Methane Hydrocarbons" processkey="11" processname="Evap
Permeation"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="79" pollutantname="Non-Methane Hydrocarbons" processkey="12" processname="Evap Fuel
Vapor Venting"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="79" pollutantname="Non-Methane Hydrocarbons" processkey="13" processname="Evap Fuel
Leaks"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="79" pollutantname="Non-Methane Hydrocarbons" processkey="15" processname="Crankcase
Running Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="79" pollutantname="Non-Methane Hydrocarbons" processkey="16" processname="Crankcase
Start Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="79" pollutantname="Non-Methane Hydrocarbons" processkey="17" processname="Crankcase
Extended Idle Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="79" pollutantname="Non-Methane Hydrocarbons" processkey="18" processname="Refueling
Displacement Vapor Loss"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="79" pollutantname="Non-Methane Hydrocarbons" processkey="19" processname="Refueling
Spillage Loss"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="79" pollutantname="Non-Methane Hydrocarbons" processkey="90" processname="Extended
Idle Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="80" pollutantname="Non-Methane Organic Gases" processkey="1" processname="Running
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="80" pollutantname="Non-Methane Organic Gases" processkey="2" processname="Start
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="80" pollutantname="Non-Methane Organic Gases" processkey="11" processname="Evap
Permeation"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="80" pollutantname="Non-Methane Organic Gases" processkey="12" processname="Evap Fuel
Vapor Venting"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="80" pollutantname="Non-Methane Organic Gases" processkey="13" processname="Evap Fuel
Leaks"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="80" pollutantname="Non-Methane Organic Gases" processkey="15" processname="Crankcase
Running Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="80" pollutantname="Non-Methane Organic Gases" processkey="16" processname="Crankcase
Start Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="80" pollutantname="Non-Methane Organic Gases" processkey="17" processname="Crankcase
Extended Idle Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="80" pollutantname="Non-Methane Organic Gases" processkey="18" processname="Refueling
Displacement Vapor Loss"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="80" pollutantname="Non-Methane Organic Gases" processkey="19" processname="Refueling
Spillage Loss"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="80" pollutantname="Non-Methane Organic Gases" processkey="90" processname="Extended
Idle Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="86" pollutantname="Total Organic Gases" processkey="1" processname="Running Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="86" pollutantname="Total Organic Gases" processkey="2" processname="Start Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="86" pollutantname="Total Organic Gases" processkey="11" processname="Evap
Permeation"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="86" pollutantname="Total Organic Gases" processkey="12" processname="Evap Fuel Vapor
Venting"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="86" pollutantname="Total Organic Gases" processkey="13" processname="Evap Fuel
Leaks"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="86" pollutantname="Total Organic Gases" processkey="15" processname="Crankcase Running
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="86" pollutantname="Total Organic Gases" processkey="16" processname="Crankcase Start
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="86" pollutantname="Total Organic Gases" processkey="17" processname="Crankcase
Extended Idle Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="86" pollutantname="Total Organic Gases" processkey="18" processname="Refueling

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

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Displacement Vapor Loss"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="86" pollutantname="Total Organic Gases" processkey="19" processname="Refueling
Spillage Loss"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="86" pollutantname="Total Organic Gases" processkey="90" processname="Extended Idle
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="87" pollutantname="Volatile Organic Compounds" processkey="1" processname="Running
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="87" pollutantname="Volatile Organic Compounds" processkey="2" processname="Start
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="87" pollutantname="Volatile Organic Compounds" processkey="11" processname="Evap
Permeation"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="87" pollutantname="Volatile Organic Compounds" processkey="12" processname="Evap Fuel
Vapor Venting"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="87" pollutantname="Volatile Organic Compounds" processkey="13" processname="Evap Fuel
Leaks"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="87" pollutantname="Volatile Organic Compounds" processkey="15" processname="Crankcase
Running Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="87" pollutantname="Volatile Organic Compounds" processkey="16" processname="Crankcase
Start Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="87" pollutantname="Volatile Organic Compounds" processkey="17" processname="Crankcase
Extended Idle Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="87" pollutantname="Volatile Organic Compounds" processkey="18" processname="Refueling
Displacement Vapor Loss"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="87" pollutantname="Volatile Organic Compounds" processkey="19" processname="Refueling
Spillage Loss"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="87" pollutantname="Volatile Organic Compounds" processkey="90" processname="Extended
Idle Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="91" pollutantname="Total Energy Consumption" processkey="1" processname="Running
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="91" pollutantname="Total Energy Consumption" processkey="2" processname="Start
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="91" pollutantname="Total Energy Consumption" processkey="90" processname="Extended
Idle Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="100" pollutantname="Primary Exhaust PM10 - Total" processkey="1" processname="Running
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="100" pollutantname="Primary Exhaust PM10 - Total" processkey="2" processname="Start
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="100" pollutantname="Primary Exhaust PM10 - Total" processkey="15"
processname="Crankcase Running Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="100" pollutantname="Primary Exhaust PM10 - Total" processkey="16"
processname="Crankcase Start Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="100" pollutantname="Primary Exhaust PM10 - Total" processkey="17"
processname="Crankcase Extended Idle Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="100" pollutantname="Primary Exhaust PM10 - Total" processkey="90"
processname="Extended Idle Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="101" pollutantname="Primary PM10 - Organic Carbon" processkey="1" processname="Running
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="101" pollutantname="Primary PM10 - Organic Carbon" processkey="2" processname="Start
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="101" pollutantname="Primary PM10 - Organic Carbon" processkey="15"
processname="Crankcase Running Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="101" pollutantname="Primary PM10 - Organic Carbon" processkey="16"
processname="Crankcase Start Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="101" pollutantname="Primary PM10 - Organic Carbon" processkey="17"
processname="Crankcase Extended Idle Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="101" pollutantname="Primary PM10 - Organic Carbon" processkey="90"
processname="Extended Idle Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="102" pollutantname="Primary PM10 - Elemental Carbon" processkey="1"
processname="Running Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="102" pollutantname="Primary PM10 - Elemental Carbon" processkey="2" processname="Start
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="102" pollutantname="Primary PM10 - Elemental Carbon" processkey="15"
processname="Crankcase Running Exhaust"/>

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

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<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="102" pollutantname="Primary PM10 - Elemental Carbon" processkey="16"
processname="Crankcase Start Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="102" pollutantname="Primary PM10 - Elemental Carbon" processkey="17"
processname="Crankcase Extended Idle Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="102" pollutantname="Primary PM10 - Elemental Carbon" processkey="90"
processname="Extended Idle Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="105" pollutantname="Primary PM10 - Sulfate Particulate" processkey="1"
processname="Running Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="105" pollutantname="Primary PM10 - Sulfate Particulate" processkey="2"
processname="Start Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="105" pollutantname="Primary PM10 - Sulfate Particulate" processkey="15"
processname="Crankcase Running Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="105" pollutantname="Primary PM10 - Sulfate Particulate" processkey="16"
processname="Crankcase Start Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="105" pollutantname="Primary PM10 - Sulfate Particulate" processkey="17"
processname="Crankcase Extended Idle Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="105" pollutantname="Primary PM10 - Sulfate Particulate" processkey="90"
processname="Extended Idle Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="106" pollutantname="Primary PM10 - Brakewear Particulate" processkey="9"
processname="Brakewear"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="107" pollutantname="Primary PM10 - Tirewear Particulate" processkey="10"
processname="Tirewear"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="110" pollutantname="Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total" processkey="1" processname="Running
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="110" pollutantname="Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total" processkey="2" processname="Start
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="110" pollutantname="Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total" processkey="15"
processname="Crankcase Running Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="110" pollutantname="Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total" processkey="16"
processname="Crankcase Start Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="110" pollutantname="Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total" processkey="17"
processname="Crankcase Extended Idle Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="110" pollutantname="Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total" processkey="90"
processname="Extended Idle Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="111" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5 - Organic Carbon" processkey="1"
processname="Running Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="111" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5 - Organic Carbon" processkey="2" processname="Start
Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="111" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5 - Organic Carbon" processkey="15"
processname="Crankcase Running Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="111" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5 - Organic Carbon" processkey="16"
processname="Crankcase Start Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="111" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5 - Organic Carbon" processkey="17"
processname="Crankcase Extended Idle Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="111" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5 - Organic Carbon" processkey="90"
processname="Extended Idle Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="112" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5 - Elemental Carbon" processkey="1"
processname="Running Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="112" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5 - Elemental Carbon" processkey="2"
processname="Start Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="112" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5 - Elemental Carbon" processkey="15"
processname="Crankcase Running Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="112" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5 - Elemental Carbon" processkey="16"
processname="Crankcase Start Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="112" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5 - Elemental Carbon" processkey="17"
processname="Crankcase Extended Idle Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="112" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5 - Elemental Carbon" processkey="90"
processname="Extended Idle Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="115" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5 - Sulfate Particulate" processkey="1"
processname="Running Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="115" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5 - Sulfate Particulate" processkey="2"
processname="Start Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="115" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5 - Sulfate Particulate" processkey="15"
processname="Crankcase Running Exhaust"/>

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

C–8

January 2014

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="115" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5 - Sulfate Particulate" processkey="16"
processname="Crankcase Start Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="115" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5 - Sulfate Particulate" processkey="17"
processname="Crankcase Extended Idle Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="115" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5 - Sulfate Particulate" processkey="90"
processname="Extended Idle Exhaust"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="116" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate" processkey="9"
processname="Brakewear"/>
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="117" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate" processkey="10"
processname="Tirewear"/>
</pollutantprocessassociations>
<databaseselections>
<databaseselection servername="" databasename="StageII_Input" description="Stage II Refueling Input"/>
</databaseselections>
<internalcontrolstrategies>
<internalcontrolstrategy
classname="gov.epa.otaq.moves.master.implementation.ghg.internalcontrolstrategies.rateofprogress.RateOfProgressStrategy"><![CDATA
[
useParameters
No
]]></internalcontrolstrategy>
</internalcontrolstrategies>
<inputdatabase servername="" databasename="" description=""/>
<uncertaintyparameters uncertaintymodeenabled="false" numberofrunspersimulation="0" numberofsimulations="0"/>
<geographicoutputdetail description="LINK"/>
<outputemissionsbreakdownselection>
<modelyear selected="false"/>
<fueltype selected="true"/>
<emissionprocess selected="true"/>
<onroadoffroad selected="true"/>
<roadtype selected="true"/>
<sourceusetype selected="false"/>
<movesvehicletype selected="false"/>
<onroadscc selected="true"/>
<offroadscc selected="false"/>
<estimateuncertainty selected="false" numberOfIterations="2" keepSampledData="false" keepIterations="false"/>
<sector selected="false"/>
<engtechid selected="false"/>
<hpclass selected="false"/>
</outputemissionsbreakdownselection>
<outputdatabase servername="" databasename="pei_mc_2011_may2011_m2010b_out_v1" description=""/>
<outputtimestep value="Month"/>
<outputvmtdata value="true"/>
<outputsho value="true"/>
<outputsh value="true"/>
<outputshp value="true"/>
<outputshidling value="true"/>
<outputstarts value="true"/>
<outputpopulation value="true"/>
<scaleinputdatabase servername="localhost" databasename="pei_mc_2011_may2011_m2010b_in_v1" description=""/>
<pmsize value="0"/>
<outputfactors>
<timefactors selected="true" units="Months"/>
<distancefactors selected="true" units="Miles"/>
<massfactors selected="true" units="Grams" energyunits="Joules"/>
</outputfactors>
<savedata>
</savedata>
<donotexecute>
</donotexecute>
<generatordatabase shouldsave="false" servername="" databasename="" description=""/>
<donotperformfinalaggregation selected="false"/>
<lookuptableflags scenarioid="pei_mc_2011_may2011_m2010b_in_v1" truncateoutput="true" truncateactivity="true"/>
</runspec>

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

C–9

January 2014

MOVES2010b Local Input Data (Maricopa County, July 2011)
[FuelFormulation]
Fuel
Fuel
Formulatio Subtyp
n
e
11100
12
11101
12
11102
13
11103
12
11104
14
11105
12
11106
11
11107
14
11108
11
11109
14
11110
13
11111
13
11112
12
21100
12
21101
12
21102
13
21103
12
21104
14
21105
12
21106
11
21107
14
21108
11
21109
14
21110
13
21111
13
21112
12
31000
20
31001
20
31002
20
31003
20
31004
20
31005
20
31006
20
31007
20
31008
20
31009
20
31010
20
31011
20
31012
20
30
30

RVP
8.02
8.81
8.79
10.7
6.94
8.02
6.54
6.80
6.64
6.69
8.16
8.49
8.53
8.02
8.81
8.79
10.7
6.94
8.02
6.54
6.80
6.64
6.69
8.16
8.49
8.53
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

MTBE
Sulfur ETOH Volum
Level Volume
e
20.2
10.
0
15.4
10.
0
14.7
10.
0
15.0
10.
0
24.6
10.
0
26.0
10.
0
22.0
10.
0
23.3
10.
0
27.2
10.
0
24.5
10.
0
19.3
10.
0
18.7
10.
0
16.3
10.
0
20.2
0.0
0
15.4
0.0
0
14.7
0.0
0
15.0
0.0
0
24.6
0.0
0
26.0
0.0
0
22.0
0.0
0
23.3
0.0
0
27.2
0.0
0
24.5
0.0
0
19.3
0.0
0
18.7
0.0
0
16.3
0.0
0
5.71
0
0
5.25
0
0
5.58
0
0
5.88
0
0
5.00
0
0
5.00
0
0
5.00
0
0
5.00
0
0
5.00
0
0
5.00
0
0
5.88
0
0
7.10
0
0
5.60
0
0
0
0
0

ETBE
Volume
0.00194
0
0
0
0.00428
0
0
0
0.02142
0
0
0
0
0.00194
0
0
0
0.00428
0
0
0
0.02142
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

TAME
Volume
0.05179
0
0
0
0.11395
0
0
0.36666
0.08571
0.11739
0
0
0
0.05179
0
0
0
0.11395
0
0
0.36666
0.08571
0.11739
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

Aromati Olefin Benzen
c
Conten
e
Content
t
Content
19.6
9.2
1.2
17.5
6.5
0.9
20.1
9.1
0.9
31.9
14.
1.9
19.6
9.9
0.9
19.9
6.8
0.8
17.6
10.
0.7
21.4
10.
1.2
19.9
11.
0.8
19.2
10.
0.7
17.0
8.5
0.9
15.2
6.4
0.8
16.0
6.4
3.7
19.6
9.2
1.2
17.5
6.5
0.9
20.1
9.1
0.9
31.9
14.
1.9
19.6
9.9
0.9
19.9
6.8
0.8
17.6
10.
0.7
21.4
10.
1.2
19.9
11.
0.8
19.2
10.
0.7
17.0
8.5
0.9
15.2
6.4
0.8
16.0
6.4
3.7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

e20
0
47.9
53.3
54.6
54.0
42.7
46.0
45.0
44.3
39.0
39.3
47.8
51.5
51.6
47.9
53.3
54.6
54.0
42.7
46.0
45.0
44.3
39.0
39.3
47.8
51.5
51.6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

e30
volToWt
0
PercentOxy
88.0
2.1717
90.7
3.7575
89.4
3.1457
86.0
3.5900
86.7
0.7805
90.0
3.7400
85.5
0.0000
86.0
0.1000
86.3
0.0171
85.8
0.0454
88.3
2.6418
90.1
3.2706
90.3
3.5806
88.0
2.1717
90.7
3.7575
89.4
3.1457
86.0
3.5900
86.7
0.7805
90.0
3.7400
85.5
0.0000
86.0
0.1000
86.3
0.0171
85.8
0.0454
88.3
2.6418
90.1
3.2706
90.3
3.5806
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

PAH
BioDiese
Cetane Conten
l
Index
t
Ester
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

T50
197.721
185.333
177.636
170
212.908
210
209
212
217
216.543
195.941
191.117
190.363
197.721
185.333
177.636
170
212.908
210
209
212
217
216.543
195.941
191.117
190.363
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

T90
309.431
295.25
302.727
317
315.856
297
320
322
319
321.282
310.647
300.294
298.545
309.431
295.25
302.727
317
315.856
297
320
322
319
321.282
310.647
300.294
298.545
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

[HPMSvTypeYear]
HPMSVtypeID
10
20
30
40
50
60

yearID
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011

VMTGrowthFactor
0
0
0
0
0
0

HPMSBaseYearVMT
623037600.1
15806675171
12967244959
118381498.4
1281267928
1646318085

baseYearOffNetVMT
0
0
0
0
0
0

[SourceTypeYear]
yearID
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011

sourceTypeID
11
21
31
32
41
42
43
51
52
53
54
61
62

sourceTypePopulation
75309
2044983
440595.7
172099
1172.42
718.58
7592.578
585.7895
21663.06
1344.71
3344.705
9859.552
8092.895

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

C–10

January 2014

[FuelSupply]
countyID
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013

fuelYearID
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011

[ZoneMonthHour]
monthGroupID
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
11
11
11
12
12
12
12

fuelFormulationID
21101
11101
31001
30
21102
11102
31002
30
21103
11103
31003
30
21104
11104
31004
30
21105
11105
31005
30
21106
11106
31006
30
21107
11107
31007
30
21108
11108
31008
30
21109
11109
31009
30
21110
11110
31010
30
21111
11111
31011
30
21112
11112
31012
30

marketShare
0.05
0.95
1
1
0.05
0.95
1
1
0.05
0.95
1
1
0.05
0.95
1
1
0.05
0.95
1
1
0.05
0.95
1
1
0.05
0.95
1
1
0.05
0.95
1
1
0.05
0.95
1
1
0.05
0.95
1
1
0.05
0.95
1
1
0.05
0.95
1
1

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

marketShareCV
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5

C–11

monthID
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7

zoneID
40130
40130
40130
40130
40130
40130
40130
40130
40130
40130
40130
40130
40130
40130
40130
40130
40130
40130
40130
40130
40130
40130
40130
40130
40130

HourID temperature relHumidity
1
90
32
2
89
34
3
88
36
4
87
38
5
86
40
6
85
41
7
86
39
8
89
36
9
91
32
10
94
28
11
97
24
12
100
22
13
102
20
14
104
19
15
105
17
16
105
17
17
104
17
18
104
17
19
102
18
20
101
20
21
97
24
22
95
26
23
93
31
24
92
32
1
90
32

January 2014

[SourceTypeAgeDistribution]
Source
TypeID
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31

YearID
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011

AgeID
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17

AgeFraction
0.029892
0.036417
0.083781
0.101569
0.116094
0.105884
0.08115
0.058941
0.067783
0.054942
0.046522
0.038838
0.031681
0.023471
0.018524
0.017472
0.014525
0.011157
0.010525
0.007262
0.005157
0.005263
0.005052
0.004631
0.004245
0.003891
0.003567
0.00327
0.002997
0.002748
0.002748
0.043696
0.053295
0.042596
0.068793
0.083192
0.080592
0.077392
0.070493
0.065393
0.061294
0.056294
0.051995
0.043696
0.034097
0.029997
0.022198
0.021098
0.015798
0.012199
0.009499
0.008099
0.006399
0.005299
0.004
0.003019
0.002278
0.001719
0.001298
0.000979
0.000739
0.022565
0.040367
0.036952
0.023272
0.060977
0.080902
0.086168
0.070426
0.071799
0.060662
0.054761
0.061661
0.055069
0.041776
0.034756
0.036143
0.02573
0.02484
0.022254

Source
TypeID
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
42
42
42
42
42

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

YearID
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011

AgeID
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
0
1
2
3
4

AgeFraction
0.014775
0.010328
0.008996
0.007982
0.008785
0.006661
0.005076
0.003888
0.003002
0.002329
0.001818
0.001418
0.036429
0.043709
0.037275
0.024506
0.063116
0.086828
0.091952
0.071425
0.069687
0.057689
0.051358
0.058053
0.055657
0.041337
0.03425
0.036441
0.02487
0.023712
0.02089
0.013959
0.009727
0.008543
0.007639
0.00826
0.006259
0.004777
0.00368
0.002847
0.002226
0.001755
0.001411
0.036162
0.038296
0.015698
0.027397
0.064494
0.149585
0.139386
0.09579
0.060294
0.043396
0.034397
0.044396
0.055294
0.052495
0.028097
0.027297
0.025797
0.024298
0.014999
0.009599
0.007199
0.006299
0.009299
0.006299
0.0048
0.003657
0.002786
0.002123
0.001617
0.001232
0.000939
0.002744
0.038296
0.015698
0.027397
0.064494
0.149585

C–12

Source
TypeID
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51

YearID
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011

AgeID
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22

AgeFraction
0.139386
0.09579
0.060294
0.043396
0.034397
0.044396
0.055294
0.052495
0.028097
0.027297
0.025797
0.024298
0.014999
0.009599
0.007199
0.006299
0.009299
0.006299
0.0048
0.003657
0.002786
0.002123
0.001617
0.001232
0.000939
0.002744
0.075389
0.040094
0.037195
0.085088
0.147379
0.151778
0.083488
0.051493
0.030696
0.020197
0.024996
0.063691
0.038794
0.030796
0.041094
0.017397
0.013008
0.00801
0.005722
0.003933
0.004121
0.004475
0.003412
0.002644
0.002026
0.001526
0.001172
0.000893
0.000686
0.000527
0.008281
0.075401
0.0401
0.0372
0.085101
0.147402
0.151802
0.083501
0.051501
0.0307
0.0202
0.025
0.063701
0.0388
0.0308
0.0411
0.0174
0.013199
0.008099
0.0059
0.003999
0.004199
0.004499
0.003399

January 2014

Source
TypeID
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
53
53
53
53
53
53
53
53
53
53
53
53
53
53
53
53
53
53

YearID
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011

AgeID
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17

AgeFraction
0.002599
0.001988
0.00152
0.001162
0.000889
0.00068
0.00052
0.007638
0.066214
0.039334
0.03318
0.078132
0.128378
0.132775
0.079084
0.056074
0.038042
0.02878
0.034102
0.060507
0.038954
0.031317
0.039113
0.019306
0.016191
0.011791
0.008363
0.005691
0.005513
0.005414
0.004802
0.003655
0.00283
0.002259
0.00176
0.001429
0.001176
0.001073
0.02476
0.074869
0.040084
0.036613
0.08406
0.144792
0.148968
0.082261
0.050975
0.030557
0.02016
0.024955
0.062595
0.038177
0.030303
0.040308
0.017217
0.013996
0.008668

Source
TypeID
53
53
53
53
53
53
53
53
53
53
53
53
53
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

YearID
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011

AgeID
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

AgeFraction
0.006817
0.004401
0.004658
0.004706
0.003492
0.002575
0.002017
0.001726
0.001332
0.001106
0.000916
0.000861
0.015836
0.075419
0.04011
0.037209
0.085122
0.147438
0.151839
0.083521
0.051513
0.030708
0.020205
0.025006
0.063716
0.03881
0.030808
0.04111
0.017404
0.012531
0.007698
0.005268
0.003727
0.003917
0.004384
0.003365
0.002681
0.002082
0.001515
0.00117
0.000884
0.000678
0.000526
0.009633
0.075521
0.040164
0.03726
0.085237
0.147637
0.152044
0.083634
0.051583
0.030749
0.020232
0.02504
0.063802
0.038862

C–13

Source
TypeID
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62

YearID
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011

AgeID
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

AgeFraction
0.030849
0.041166
0.017428
0.013144
0.00788
0.005826
0.003897
0.004157
0.004432
0.003239
0.002455
0.001916
0.001465
0.001114
0.000846
0.00063
0.000485
0.007306
0.075452
0.040127
0.037225
0.085158
0.147501
0.151904
0.083557
0.051535
0.030721
0.020214
0.025017
0.063744
0.038827
0.030821
0.041128
0.017412
0.013178
0.008015
0.005871
0.003959
0.00418
0.00447
0.003336
0.00254
0.001955
0.001495
0.001141
0.00087
0.000659
0.000505
0.007485

January 2014

[IMCoverage]
polProcess
ID
101
101
101
101
101
101
101
101
101
101
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
112
112
112
112
112
112
112
113
113
113
113
113
113
113
201
201
201
201
201
201
201
201
201
201
202
202
202
202
202
202
202
202
202
202
301
301
301
301
301
301
301
301
301
301
302
302
302
302
302
302
302
302
302
302
101
101
101
101
101
101
101
101
101
101
102
102

State
ID
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4

County
ID
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013

yearID
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011

sourceTypeID
21
21
21
31
31
31
32
32
32
52
21
21
21
31
31
31
32
32
32
52
21
21
31
31
32
32
52
21
21
31
31
32
32
52
21
21
21
31
31
31
32
32
32
52
21
21
21
31
31
31
32
32
32
52
21
21
21
31
31
31
32
32
32
52
21
21
21
31
31
31
32
32
32
52
21
21
21
31
31
31
32
32
32
52
21
21

fuelTypeID
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

IMProgramID
3
6
10
3
6
10
3
6
10
3
3
6
10
3
6
10
3
6
10
3
8
9
8
9
8
9
7
8
9
8
9
8
9
7
3
6
10
3
6
10
3
6
10
3
3
6
10
3
6
10
3
6
10
3
3
6
10
3
6
10
3
6
10
3
3
6
10
3
6
10
3
6
10
3
103
106
110
103
106
110
103
106
110
103
103
106

Beg
ModelYearID
1967
1981
1996
1967
1981
1996
1967
1981
1996
1967
1967
1981
1996
1967
1981
1996
1967
1981
1996
1967
1996
1981
1996
1981
1996
1981
1967
1996
1981
1996
1981
1996
1981
1967
1967
1981
1996
1967
1981
1996
1967
1981
1996
1967
1967
1981
1996
1967
1981
1996
1967
1981
1996
1967
1967
1981
1996
1967
1981
1996
1967
1981
1996
1967
1967
1981
1996
1967
1981
1996
1967
1981
1996
1967
1967
1981
1996
1967
1981
1996
1967
1981
1996
1967
1967
1981

C–14

End
ModelYearID
1980
1995
2005
1980
1995
2005
1980
1995
2005
2005
1980
1995
2005
1980
1995
2005
1980
1995
2005
2005
2005
1995
2005
1995
2005
1995
2005
2005
1995
2005
1995
2005
1995
2005
1980
1995
2005
1980
1995
2005
1980
1995
2005
2005
1980
1995
2005
1980
1995
2005
1980
1995
2005
2005
1980
1995
2005
1980
1995
2005
1980
1995
2005
2005
1980
1995
2005
1980
1995
2005
1980
1995
2005
2005
1980
1995
2007
1980
1995
2007
1980
1995
2007
2007
1980
1995

inspectFreq
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
1
2

Test
StandardsID useIMyn
13
N
33
N
51
N
13
N
33
N
51
N
13
N
33
N
51
N
13
N
13
N
33
N
51
N
13
N
33
N
51
N
13
N
33
N
51
N
13
N
43
N
44
N
43
N
44
N
43
N
44
N
41
N
43
N
44
N
43
N
44
N
43
N
44
N
41
N
13
N
33
N
51
N
13
N
33
N
51
N
13
N
33
N
51
N
13
N
13
N
33
N
51
N
13
N
33
N
51
N
13
N
33
N
51
N
13
N
13
N
33
N
51
N
13
N
33
N
51
N
13
N
33
N
51
N
13
N
13
N
33
N
51
N
13
N
33
N
51
N
13
N
33
N
51
N
13
N
13
Y
31
Y
51
Y
13
Y
31
Y
51
Y
13
Y
31
Y
51
Y
13
Y
13
Y
31
Y

Compliance
Factor
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
95.8845
57.6164
64.12
90.0428
57.6164
64.12
90.0428
57.6164
64.12
90.0428
87.2032
57.6164
64.12

January 2014

polProcess
ID
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
112
112
112
112
112
112
112
113
113
113
113
113
113
113
201
201
201
201
201
201
201
201
201
201
202
202
202
202
202
202
202
202
202
202
301
301
301
301
301
301
301
301
301
301
302
302
302
302
302
302
302
302
302
302

State
ID
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4

County
ID
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013

yearID
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011

sourceTypeID
21
31
31
31
32
32
32
52
21
21
31
31
32
32
52
21
21
31
31
32
32
52
21
21
21
31
31
31
32
32
32
52
21
21
21
31
31
31
32
32
32
52
21
21
21
31
31
31
32
32
32
52
21
21
21
31
31
31
32
32
32
52

fuelTypeID
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

IMProgramID
110
103
106
110
103
106
110
103
108
109
108
109
108
109
107
108
109
108
109
108
109
107
103
106
110
103
106
110
103
106
110
103
103
106
110
103
106
110
103
106
110
103
103
106
110
103
106
110
103
106
110
103
103
106
110
103
106
110
103
106
110
103

Beg
ModelYearID
1996
1967
1981
1996
1967
1981
1996
1967
1996
1981
1996
1981
1996
1981
1981
1996
1981
1996
1981
1996
1981
1981
1967
1981
1996
1967
1981
1996
1967
1981
1996
1967
1967
1981
1996
1967
1981
1996
1967
1981
1996
1967
1967
1981
1996
1967
1981
1996
1967
1981
1996
1967
1967
1981
1996
1967
1981
1996
1967
1981
1996
1967

C–15

End
ModelYearID
2007
1980
1995
2007
1980
1995
2007
2007
2007
1995
2007
1995
2007
1995
2007
2007
1995
2007
1995
2007
1995
2007
1980
1995
2007
1980
1995
2007
1980
1995
2007
2007
1980
1995
2007
1980
1995
2007
1980
1995
2007
2007
1980
1995
2007
1980
1995
2007
1980
1995
2007
2007
1980
1995
2007
1980
1995
2007
1980
1995
2007
2007

inspectFreq
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
1

Test
StandardsID useIMyn
51
Y
13
Y
31
Y
51
Y
13
Y
31
Y
51
Y
13
Y
43
Y
44
Y
43
Y
44
Y
43
Y
44
Y
41
Y
43
Y
44
Y
43
Y
44
Y
43
Y
44
Y
41
Y
13
Y
31
Y
51
Y
13
Y
31
Y
51
Y
13
Y
31
Y
51
Y
13
Y
13
Y
31
Y
51
Y
13
Y
31
Y
51
Y
13
Y
31
Y
51
Y
13
Y
13
Y
31
Y
51
Y
13
Y
31
Y
51
Y
13
Y
31
Y
51
Y
13
Y
13
Y
31
Y
51
Y
13
Y
31
Y
51
Y
13
Y
31
Y
51
Y
13
Y

Compliance
Factor
90.0428
57.6164
64.12
90.0428
57.6164
64.12
90.0428
87.2032
83.814
64.12
83.814
64.12
83.814
64.12
86.2872
83.814
64.12
83.814
64.12
83.814
64.12
86.2872
57.6164
64.12
90.0428
57.6164
64.12
90.0428
57.6164
64.12
90.0428
87.2032
57.6164
64.12
90.0428
57.6164
64.12
90.0428
57.6164
64.12
90.0428
87.2032
57.6164
64.12
90.0428
57.6164
64.12
90.0428
57.6164
64.12
90.0428
87.2032
57.6164
64.12
90.0428
57.6164
64.12
90.0428
57.6164
64.12
90.0428
87.2032

January 2014

[RoadType]
roadTypeID
2
4

rampFraction
0.054636
0.111569

[RoadTypeDistribution]
sourceTypeID
11
11
11
11
11
21
21
21
21
21
31
31
31
31
31
32
32
32
32
32
41
41
41
41
41
42
42
42
42
42
43
43
43
43
43
51
51
51
51
51
52
52
52
52
52
53
53
53
53
53
54
54
54
54
54
61
61
61
61
61
62
62
62
62
62

roadTypeID
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5

roadTypeVMTFraction
0
0.013318
0.05643
0.290786
0.639467
0
0.021036
0.039609
0.296909
0.642446
0
0.050257
0.044142
0.371289
0.534312
0
0.050257
0.044142
0.371289
0.534312
0
0.030808
0.032603
0.500175
0.436415
0
0.030808
0.032603
0.500175
0.436415
0
0.030808
0.032603
0.500175
0.436415
0
0.043408
0.027296
0.52444
0.404856
0
0.043408
0.027296
0.52444
0.404856
0
0.043408
0.027296
0.52444
0.404856
0
0.043408
0.027296
0.52444
0.404856
0
0.081128
0.02854
0.528464
0.361868
0
0.081128
0.02854
0.528464
0.361868

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

C–16

January 2014

[MonthVMTFraction]
sourceTypeID
11
21
31
32
41
42
43
51
52
53
54
61
62

isLeapYear
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N

monthID
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7

monthVMTFraction
0.078811
0.078811
0.078811
0.078811
0.078811
0.078811
0.078811
0.078811
0.078811
0.078811
0.078811
0.078811
0.078811

[DayVMTFraction]
Source Month Road
Day
TypeID ID
TypeID dayID VMTFraction
11
7
1
5
0.781314
21
7
1
5
0.781314
31
7
1
5
0.781314
32
7
1
5
0.781314
41
7
1
5
0.781314
42
7
1
5
0.781314
43
7
1
5
0.781314
51
7
1
5
0.781314
52
7
1
5
0.781314
53
7
1
5
0.781314
54
7
1
5
0.781314
61
7
1
5
0.781314
62
7
1
5
0.781314
11
7
2
5
0.783374
21
7
2
5
0.783374
31
7
2
5
0.783374
32
7
2
5
0.783374
41
7
2
5
0.783374
42
7
2
5
0.783374
43
7
2
5
0.783374
51
7
2
5
0.783374
52
7
2
5
0.783374
53
7
2
5
0.783374
54
7
2
5
0.783374
61
7
2
5
0.783374
62
7
2
5
0.783374
11
7
3
5
0.779066
21
7
3
5
0.779066
31
7
3
5
0.779066
32
7
3
5
0.779066
41
7
3
5
0.779066
42
7
3
5
0.779066
43
7
3
5
0.779066
51
7
3
5
0.779066
52
7
3
5
0.779066
53
7
3
5
0.779066
54
7
3
5
0.779066
61
7
3
5
0.779066
62
7
3
5
0.779066
11
7
4
5
0.783374
21
7
4
5
0.783374
31
7
4
5
0.783374
32
7
4
5
0.783374
41
7
4
5
0.783374
42
7
4
5
0.783374
43
7
4
5
0.783374

Source Month Road
Day
TypeID ID
TypeID dayID VMTFraction
51
7
4
5
0.783374
52
7
4
5
0.783374
53
7
4
5
0.783374
54
7
4
5
0.783374
61
7
4
5
0.783374
62
7
4
5
0.783374
11
7
5
5
0.779066
21
7
5
5
0.779066
31
7
5
5
0.779066
32
7
5
5
0.779066
41
7
5
5
0.779066
42
7
5
5
0.779066
43
7
5
5
0.779066
51
7
5
5
0.779066
52
7
5
5
0.779066
53
7
5
5
0.779066
54
7
5
5
0.779066
61
7
5
5
0.779066
62
7
5
5
0.779066
11
7
1
2
0.218686
21
7
1
2
0.218686
31
7
1
2
0.218686
32
7
1
2
0.218686
41
7
1
2
0.218686
42
7
1
2
0.218686
43
7
1
2
0.218686
51
7
1
2
0.218686
52
7
1
2
0.218686
53
7
1
2
0.218686
54
7
1
2
0.218686
61
7
1
2
0.218686
62
7
1
2
0.218686
11
7
2
2
0.216626
21
7
2
2
0.216626
31
7
2
2
0.216626
32
7
2
2
0.216626
41
7
2
2
0.216626
42
7
2
2
0.216626
43
7
2
2
0.216626
51
7
2
2
0.216626
52
7
2
2
0.216626
53
7
2
2
0.216626
54
7
2
2
0.216626
61
7
2
2
0.216626
62
7
2
2
0.216626
11
7
3
2
0.220934

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

C–17

Source Month Road
Day
TypeID ID
TypeID dayID VMTFraction
21
7
3
2
0.220934
31
7
3
2
0.220934
32
7
3
2
0.220934
41
7
3
2
0.220934
42
7
3
2
0.220934
43
7
3
2
0.220934
51
7
3
2
0.220934
52
7
3
2
0.220934
53
7
3
2
0.220934
54
7
3
2
0.220934
61
7
3
2
0.220934
62
7
3
2
0.220934
11
7
4
2
0.216626
21
7
4
2
0.216626
31
7
4
2
0.216626
32
7
4
2
0.216626
41
7
4
2
0.216626
42
7
4
2
0.216626
43
7
4
2
0.216626
51
7
4
2
0.216626
52
7
4
2
0.216626
53
7
4
2
0.216626
54
7
4
2
0.216626
61
7
4
2
0.216626
62
7
4
2
0.216626
11
7
5
2
0.220934
21
7
5
2
0.220934
31
7
5
2
0.220934
32
7
5
2
0.220934
41
7
5
2
0.220934
42
7
5
2
0.220934
43
7
5
2
0.220934
51
7
5
2
0.220934
52
7
5
2
0.220934
53
7
5
2
0.220934
54
7
5
2
0.220934
61
7
5
2
0.220934
62
7
5
2
0.220934

January 2014

[HourVMTFraction] (SourceTypeID 21: Passenger Car)
Source Road
TypeID TypeID dayID hourID
21
1
5
1
21
1
5
2
21
1
5
3
21
1
5
4
21
1
5
5
21
1
5
6
21
1
5
7
21
1
5
8
21
1
5
9
21
1
5
10
21
1
5
11
21
1
5
12
21
1
5
13
21
1
5
14
21
1
5
15
21
1
5
16
21
1
5
17
21
1
5
18
21
1
5
19
21
1
5
20
21
1
5
21
21
1
5
22
21
1
5
23
21
1
5
24
21
2
5
1
21
2
5
2
21
2
5
3
21
2
5
4
21
2
5
5
21
2
5
6
21
2
5
7
21
2
5
8
21
2
5
9
21
2
5
10
21
2
5
11
21
2
5
12
21
2
5
13
21
2
5
14
21
2
5
15
21
2
5
16
21
2
5
17
21
2
5
18
21
2
5
19
21
2
5
20
21
2
5
21
21
2
5
22
21
2
5
23
21
2
5
24
21
3
5
1
21
3
5
2
21
3
5
3
21
3
5
4
21
3
5
5
21
3
5
6
21
3
5
7
21
3
5
8
21
3
5
9
21
3
5
10
21
3
5
11
21
3
5
12
21
3
5
13
21
3
5
14
21
3
5
15
21
3
5
16
21
3
5
17
21
3
5
18
21
3
5
19
21
3
5
20
21
3
5
21
21
3
5
22
21
3
5
23
21
3
5
24
21
4
5
1
21
4
5
2
21
4
5
3
21
4
5
4
21
4
5
5
21
4
5
6
21
4
5
7
21
4
5
8
21
4
5
9
21
4
5
10
21
4
5
11
21
4
5
12
21
4
5
13

hourVMT
Fraction
0.007982
0.005498
0.005229
0.007657
0.022316
0.037565
0.053649
0.06539
0.060159
0.051796
0.050121
0.05343
0.056543
0.059541
0.063732
0.066989
0.068794
0.069099
0.056782
0.040762
0.033427
0.02876
0.021062
0.013721
0.009714
0.006908
0.006883
0.010955
0.033927
0.048421
0.057932
0.061169
0.057327
0.053128
0.05039
0.05203
0.054821
0.060928
0.06351
0.061499
0.059918
0.0581
0.050322
0.038704
0.033058
0.02995
0.023936
0.016469
0.006081
0.003952
0.003413
0.004039
0.009578
0.025656
0.04895
0.07002
0.063264
0.050335
0.049826
0.054967
0.058433
0.058019
0.063976
0.073011
0.07853
0.081166
0.063868
0.043018
0.033831
0.027454
0.017909
0.010705
0.009714
0.006908
0.006883
0.010955
0.033927
0.048421
0.057932
0.061169
0.057327
0.053128
0.05039
0.05203
0.054821

Source Road
TypeID TypeID dayID hourID
21
4
5
14
21
4
5
15
21
4
5
16
21
4
5
17
21
4
5
18
21
4
5
19
21
4
5
20
21
4
5
21
21
4
5
22
21
4
5
23
21
4
5
24
21
5
5
1
21
5
5
2
21
5
5
3
21
5
5
4
21
5
5
5
21
5
5
6
21
5
5
7
21
5
5
8
21
5
5
9
21
5
5
10
21
5
5
11
21
5
5
12
21
5
5
13
21
5
5
14
21
5
5
15
21
5
5
16
21
5
5
17
21
5
5
18
21
5
5
19
21
5
5
20
21
5
5
21
21
5
5
22
21
5
5
23
21
5
5
24
21
1
2
1
21
1
2
2
21
1
2
3
21
1
2
4
21
1
2
5
21
1
2
6
21
1
2
7
21
1
2
8
21
1
2
9
21
1
2
10
21
1
2
11
21
1
2
12
21
1
2
13
21
1
2
14
21
1
2
15
21
1
2
16
21
1
2
17
21
1
2
18
21
1
2
19
21
1
2
20
21
1
2
21
21
1
2
22
21
1
2
23
21
1
2
24
21
2
2
1
21
2
2
2
21
2
2
3
21
2
2
4
21
2
2
5
21
2
2
6
21
2
2
7
21
2
2
8
21
2
2
9
21
2
2
10
21
2
2
11
21
2
2
12
21
2
2
13
21
2
2
14
21
2
2
15
21
2
2
16
21
2
2
17
21
2
2
18
21
2
2
19
21
2
2
20
21
2
2
21
21
2
2
22
21
2
2
23
21
2
2
24
21
3
2
1
21
3
2
2

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

C–18

hourVMT
Fraction
0.060928
0.06351
0.061499
0.059918
0.0581
0.050322
0.038704
0.033058
0.02995
0.023936
0.016469
0.006081
0.003952
0.003413
0.004039
0.009578
0.025656
0.04895
0.07002
0.063264
0.050335
0.049826
0.054967
0.058433
0.058019
0.063976
0.073011
0.07853
0.081166
0.063868
0.043018
0.033831
0.027454
0.017909
0.010705
0.021607
0.015643
0.013929
0.011004
0.01421
0.021534
0.028933
0.035376
0.04132
0.048858
0.055139
0.059204
0.063409
0.063887
0.062715
0.062317
0.062685
0.061277
0.058141
0.050534
0.045317
0.04166
0.035635
0.025667
0.021879
0.01615
0.014371
0.011634
0.015883
0.023085
0.029735
0.035822
0.041262
0.04842
0.054548
0.058679
0.062843
0.063229
0.061805
0.06131
0.061686
0.059991
0.057141
0.050324
0.046109
0.042308
0.035832
0.025951
0.021315
0.015101

Source Road
TypeID TypeID dayID hourID
21
3
2
3
21
3
2
4
21
3
2
5
21
3
2
6
21
3
2
7
21
3
2
8
21
3
2
9
21
3
2
10
21
3
2
11
21
3
2
12
21
3
2
13
21
3
2
14
21
3
2
15
21
3
2
16
21
3
2
17
21
3
2
18
21
3
2
19
21
3
2
20
21
3
2
21
21
3
2
22
21
3
2
23
21
3
2
24
21
4
2
1
21
4
2
2
21
4
2
3
21
4
2
4
21
4
2
5
21
4
2
6
21
4
2
7
21
4
2
8
21
4
2
9
21
4
2
10
21
4
2
11
21
4
2
12
21
4
2
13
21
4
2
14
21
4
2
15
21
4
2
16
21
4
2
17
21
4
2
18
21
4
2
19
21
4
2
20
21
4
2
21
21
4
2
22
21
4
2
23
21
4
2
24
21
5
2
1
21
5
2
2
21
5
2
3
21
5
2
4
21
5
2
5
21
5
2
6
21
5
2
7
21
5
2
8
21
5
2
9
21
5
2
10
21
5
2
11
21
5
2
12
21
5
2
13
21
5
2
14
21
5
2
15
21
5
2
16
21
5
2
17
21
5
2
18
21
5
2
19
21
5
2
20
21
5
2
21
21
5
2
22
21
5
2
23
21
5
2
24

hourVMT
Fraction
0.013457
0.010331
0.01242
0.019876
0.028075
0.034899
0.041383
0.049326
0.05577
0.059766
0.064014
0.064591
0.063689
0.063394
0.063753
0.062652
0.05921
0.050759
0.044469
0.040966
0.035423
0.025364
0.021879
0.01615
0.014371
0.011634
0.015883
0.023085
0.029735
0.035822
0.041262
0.04842
0.054548
0.058679
0.062843
0.063229
0.061805
0.06131
0.061686
0.059991
0.057141
0.050324
0.046109
0.042308
0.035832
0.025951
0.021315
0.015101
0.013457
0.010331
0.01242
0.019876
0.028075
0.034899
0.041383
0.049326
0.05577
0.059766
0.064014
0.064591
0.063689
0.063394
0.063753
0.062652
0.05921
0.050759
0.044469
0.040966
0.035423
0.025364

January 2014

[AvgSpeedDistribution] (SourceTypeID 21: Passenger Car and RoadTypeID 2: Rural Restricted Access)
Source Road
Hour
TypeID TypeID DayID
21
2
15
21
2
15
21
2
15
21
2
15
21
2
15
21
2
15
21
2
15
21
2
15
21
2
15
21
2
15
21
2
15
21
2
15
21
2
15
21
2
15
21
2
15
21
2
15
21
2
25
21
2
25
21
2
25
21
2
25
21
2
25
21
2
25
21
2
25
21
2
25
21
2
25
21
2
25
21
2
25
21
2
25
21
2
25
21
2
25
21
2
25
21
2
25
21
2
35
21
2
35
21
2
35
21
2
35
21
2
35
21
2
35
21
2
35
21
2
35
21
2
35
21
2
35
21
2
35
21
2
35
21
2
35
21
2
35
21
2
35
21
2
35
21
2
45
21
2
45
21
2
45
21
2
45
21
2
45
21
2
45
21
2
45
21
2
45
21
2
45
21
2
45
21
2
45
21
2
45
21
2
45
21
2
45
21
2
45
21
2
45
21
2
55
21
2
55
21
2
55
21
2
55
21
2
55
21
2
55
21
2
55
21
2
55
21
2
55
21
2
55
21
2
55
21
2
55
21
2
55
21
2
55
21
2
55
21
2
55

avgSpeed
BinID
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

avgSpeed
Fraction
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812

Source Road
Hour
TypeID TypeID DayID
21
2
65
21
2
65
21
2
65
21
2
65
21
2
65
21
2
65
21
2
65
21
2
65
21
2
65
21
2
65
21
2
65
21
2
65
21
2
65
21
2
65
21
2
65
21
2
65
21
2
75
21
2
75
21
2
75
21
2
75
21
2
75
21
2
75
21
2
75
21
2
75
21
2
75
21
2
75
21
2
75
21
2
75
21
2
75
21
2
75
21
2
75
21
2
75
21
2
85
21
2
85
21
2
85
21
2
85
21
2
85
21
2
85
21
2
85
21
2
85
21
2
85
21
2
85
21
2
85
21
2
85
21
2
85
21
2
85
21
2
85
21
2
85
21
2
95
21
2
95
21
2
95
21
2
95
21
2
95
21
2
95
21
2
95
21
2
95
21
2
95
21
2
95
21
2
95
21
2
95
21
2
95
21
2
95
21
2
95
21
2
95
21
2
105
21
2
105
21
2
105
21
2
105
21
2
105
21
2
105
21
2
105
21
2
105
21
2
105
21
2
105
21
2
105
21
2
105
21
2
105
21
2
105
21
2
105
21
2
105

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

avgSpeed
BinID
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

C–19

avgSpeed
Fraction
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
1.98E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.057069
0.140623
0.248507
0.169045
0.075169
0.111641
0.197927
1.98E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.057069
0.140623
0.248507
0.169045
0.075169
0.111641
0.197927
1.98E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.057069
0.140623
0.248507
0.169045
0.075169
0.111641
0.197927
1.78E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.059729
0.129919
0.24385
0.049713
0.140357
0.191024
0.18539

Source Road
Hour
TypeID TypeID DayID
21
2
115
21
2
115
21
2
115
21
2
115
21
2
115
21
2
115
21
2
115
21
2
115
21
2
115
21
2
115
21
2
115
21
2
115
21
2
115
21
2
115
21
2
115
21
2
115
21
2
125
21
2
125
21
2
125
21
2
125
21
2
125
21
2
125
21
2
125
21
2
125
21
2
125
21
2
125
21
2
125
21
2
125
21
2
125
21
2
125
21
2
125
21
2
125
21
2
135
21
2
135
21
2
135
21
2
135
21
2
135
21
2
135
21
2
135
21
2
135
21
2
135
21
2
135
21
2
135
21
2
135
21
2
135
21
2
135
21
2
135
21
2
135
21
2
145
21
2
145
21
2
145
21
2
145
21
2
145
21
2
145
21
2
145
21
2
145
21
2
145
21
2
145
21
2
145
21
2
145
21
2
145
21
2
145
21
2
145
21
2
145
21
2
155
21
2
155
21
2
155
21
2
155
21
2
155
21
2
155
21
2
155
21
2
155
21
2
155
21
2
155
21
2
155
21
2
155
21
2
155
21
2
155
21
2
155
21
2
155

avgSpeed
BinID
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

avgSpeed
Fraction
1.78E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.059729
0.129919
0.24385
0.049713
0.140357
0.191024
0.18539
1.78E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.059729
0.129919
0.24385
0.049713
0.140357
0.191024
0.18539
1.78E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.059729
0.129919
0.24385
0.049713
0.140357
0.191024
0.18539
1.78E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.059729
0.129919
0.24385
0.049713
0.140357
0.191024
0.18539
1.78E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.059729
0.129919
0.24385
0.049713
0.140357
0.191024
0.18539

January 2014

Source Road
Hour
TypeID TypeID DayID
21
2
165
21
2
165
21
2
165
21
2
165
21
2
165
21
2
165
21
2
165
21
2
165
21
2
165
21
2
165
21
2
165
21
2
165
21
2
165
21
2
165
21
2
165
21
2
165
21
2
175
21
2
175
21
2
175
21
2
175
21
2
175
21
2
175
21
2
175
21
2
175
21
2
175
21
2
175
21
2
175
21
2
175
21
2
175
21
2
175
21
2
175
21
2
175
21
2
185
21
2
185
21
2
185
21
2
185
21
2
185
21
2
185
21
2
185
21
2
185
21
2
185
21
2
185
21
2
185
21
2
185
21
2
185
21
2
185
21
2
185
21
2
185
21
2
195
21
2
195
21
2
195
21
2
195
21
2
195
21
2
195
21
2
195
21
2
195
21
2
195
21
2
195
21
2
195
21
2
195
21
2
195
21
2
195
21
2
195
21
2
195
21
2
205
21
2
205
21
2
205
21
2
205
21
2
205
21
2
205
21
2
205
21
2
205
21
2
205
21
2
205
21
2
205
21
2
205
21
2
205
21
2
205
21
2
205
21
2
205
21
2
215
21
2
215

avgSpeed
BinID
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2

avgSpeed
Fraction
1.69E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.000288
0.094046
0.274366
0.241766
0.389518
1.69E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.000288
0.094046
0.274366
0.241766
0.389518
1.69E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.000288
0.094046
0.274366
0.241766
0.389518
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0

Source Road
Hour
TypeID TypeID DayID
21
2
215
21
2
215
21
2
215
21
2
215
21
2
215
21
2
215
21
2
215
21
2
215
21
2
215
21
2
215
21
2
215
21
2
215
21
2
215
21
2
215
21
2
225
21
2
225
21
2
225
21
2
225
21
2
225
21
2
225
21
2
225
21
2
225
21
2
225
21
2
225
21
2
225
21
2
225
21
2
225
21
2
225
21
2
225
21
2
225
21
2
235
21
2
235
21
2
235
21
2
235
21
2
235
21
2
235
21
2
235
21
2
235
21
2
235
21
2
235
21
2
235
21
2
235
21
2
235
21
2
235
21
2
235
21
2
235
21
2
245
21
2
245
21
2
245
21
2
245
21
2
245
21
2
245
21
2
245
21
2
245
21
2
245
21
2
245
21
2
245
21
2
245
21
2
245
21
2
245
21
2
245
21
2
245
21
2
12
21
2
12
21
2
12
21
2
12
21
2
12
21
2
12
21
2
12
21
2
12
21
2
12
21
2
12
21
2
12
21
2
12
21
2
12
21
2
12
21
2
12
21
2
12
21
2
22
21
2
22
21
2
22
21
2
22

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

avgSpeed
BinID
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4

C–20

avgSpeed
Fraction
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0

Source Road
Hour
TypeID TypeID DayID
21
2
22
21
2
22
21
2
22
21
2
22
21
2
22
21
2
22
21
2
22
21
2
22
21
2
22
21
2
22
21
2
22
21
2
22
21
2
32
21
2
32
21
2
32
21
2
32
21
2
32
21
2
32
21
2
32
21
2
32
21
2
32
21
2
32
21
2
32
21
2
32
21
2
32
21
2
32
21
2
32
21
2
32
21
2
42
21
2
42
21
2
42
21
2
42
21
2
42
21
2
42
21
2
42
21
2
42
21
2
42
21
2
42
21
2
42
21
2
42
21
2
42
21
2
42
21
2
42
21
2
42
21
2
52
21
2
52
21
2
52
21
2
52
21
2
52
21
2
52
21
2
52
21
2
52
21
2
52
21
2
52
21
2
52
21
2
52
21
2
52
21
2
52
21
2
52
21
2
52
21
2
62
21
2
62
21
2
62
21
2
62
21
2
62
21
2
62
21
2
62
21
2
62
21
2
62
21
2
62
21
2
62
21
2
62
21
2
62
21
2
62
21
2
62
21
2
62
21
2
72
21
2
72
21
2
72
21
2
72
21
2
72
21
2
72

avgSpeed
BinID
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6

avgSpeed
Fraction
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0

January 2014

Source Road
Hour
TypeID TypeID DayID
21
2
72
21
2
72
21
2
72
21
2
72
21
2
72
21
2
72
21
2
72
21
2
72
21
2
72
21
2
72
21
2
82
21
2
82
21
2
82
21
2
82
21
2
82
21
2
82
21
2
82
21
2
82
21
2
82
21
2
82
21
2
82
21
2
82
21
2
82
21
2
82
21
2
82
21
2
82
21
2
92
21
2
92
21
2
92
21
2
92
21
2
92
21
2
92
21
2
92
21
2
92
21
2
92
21
2
92
21
2
92
21
2
92
21
2
92
21
2
92
21
2
92
21
2
92
21
2
102
21
2
102
21
2
102
21
2
102
21
2
102
21
2
102
21
2
102
21
2
102
21
2
102
21
2
102
21
2
102
21
2
102
21
2
102
21
2
102
21
2
102
21
2
102
21
2
112
21
2
112
21
2
112
21
2
112
21
2
112
21
2
112
21
2
112
21
2
112
21
2
112
21
2
112
21
2
112
21
2
112
21
2
112
21
2
112
21
2
112
21
2
112
21
2
122
21
2
122
21
2
122
21
2
122
21
2
122
21
2
122
21
2
122
21
2
122

avgSpeed
BinID
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

avgSpeed
Fraction
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646

Source Road
Hour
TypeID TypeID DayID
21
2
122
21
2
122
21
2
122
21
2
122
21
2
122
21
2
122
21
2
122
21
2
122
21
2
132
21
2
132
21
2
132
21
2
132
21
2
132
21
2
132
21
2
132
21
2
132
21
2
132
21
2
132
21
2
132
21
2
132
21
2
132
21
2
132
21
2
132
21
2
132
21
2
142
21
2
142
21
2
142
21
2
142
21
2
142
21
2
142
21
2
142
21
2
142
21
2
142
21
2
142
21
2
142
21
2
142
21
2
142
21
2
142
21
2
142
21
2
142
21
2
152
21
2
152
21
2
152
21
2
152
21
2
152
21
2
152
21
2
152
21
2
152
21
2
152
21
2
152
21
2
152
21
2
152
21
2
152
21
2
152
21
2
152
21
2
152
21
2
162
21
2
162
21
2
162
21
2
162
21
2
162
21
2
162
21
2
162
21
2
162
21
2
162
21
2
162
21
2
162
21
2
162
21
2
162
21
2
162
21
2
162
21
2
162
21
2
172
21
2
172
21
2
172
21
2
172
21
2
172
21
2
172
21
2
172
21
2
172
21
2
172
21
2
172

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

avgSpeed
BinID
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

C–21

avgSpeed
Fraction
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234

Source Road
Hour
TypeID TypeID DayID
21
2
172
21
2
172
21
2
172
21
2
172
21
2
172
21
2
172
21
2
182
21
2
182
21
2
182
21
2
182
21
2
182
21
2
182
21
2
182
21
2
182
21
2
182
21
2
182
21
2
182
21
2
182
21
2
182
21
2
182
21
2
182
21
2
182
21
2
192
21
2
192
21
2
192
21
2
192
21
2
192
21
2
192
21
2
192
21
2
192
21
2
192
21
2
192
21
2
192
21
2
192
21
2
192
21
2
192
21
2
192
21
2
192
21
2
202
21
2
202
21
2
202
21
2
202
21
2
202
21
2
202
21
2
202
21
2
202
21
2
202
21
2
202
21
2
202
21
2
202
21
2
202
21
2
202
21
2
202
21
2
202
21
2
212
21
2
212
21
2
212
21
2
212
21
2
212
21
2
212
21
2
212
21
2
212
21
2
212
21
2
212
21
2
212
21
2
212
21
2
212
21
2
212
21
2
212
21
2
212
21
2
222
21
2
222
21
2
222
21
2
222
21
2
222
21
2
222
21
2
222
21
2
222
21
2
222
21
2
222
21
2
222
21
2
222

avgSpeed
BinID
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

avgSpeed
Fraction
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357

January 2014

Source Road
Hour
TypeID TypeID DayID
21
2
222
21
2
222
21
2
222
21
2
222
21
2
232
21
2
232
21
2
232
21
2
232
21
2
232
21
2
232
21
2
232
21
2
232

avgSpeed
BinID
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

avgSpeed
Fraction
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0
0
0
0.019619
0.097646

Source Road
Hour
TypeID TypeID DayID
21
2
232
21
2
232
21
2
232
21
2
232
21
2
232
21
2
232
21
2
232
21
2
232
21
2
242
21
2
242
21
2
242
21
2
242

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

avgSpeed
BinID
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4

C–22

avgSpeed
Fraction
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812
2.51E-05
0
0
0

Source Road
Hour
TypeID TypeID DayID
21
2
242
21
2
242
21
2
242
21
2
242
21
2
242
21
2
242
21
2
242
21
2
242
21
2
242
21
2
242
21
2
242
21
2
242

avgSpeed
BinID
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

avgSpeed
Fraction
0
0
0.019619
0.097646
0.131977
0.203234
0.087838
0.07357
0.039194
0.083438
0.102646
0.160812

January 2014

[AVFT] (SourceTypeID 42: Transit Bus)
Source
TypeID
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42

Model
Fuel
Eng
YearID TypeID TechID
1960
2
1
1961
2
1
1962
2
1
1963
2
1
1964
2
1
1965
2
1
1966
2
1
1967
2
1
1968
2
1
1969
2
1
1970
2
1
1971
2
1
1972
2
1
1973
2
1
1974
2
1
1975
2
1
1976
2
1
1977
2
1
1978
2
1
1979
2
1
1980
2
1
1981
2
1
1982
2
1
1983
2
1
1984
2
1
1985
2
1
1986
2
1
1987
2
1
1988
2
1
1989
2
1
1990
2
1
1990
3
1
1991
2
1
1991
3
1
1992
1
1
1992
2
1
1992
3
1
1993
1
1
1993
2
1
1993
3
1
1994
1
1
1994
2
1
1994
3
1
1995
1
1
1995
2
1
1995
3
1
1996
1
1
1996
2
1
1996
3
1
1997
1
1
1997
2
1
1997
3
1
1998
1
1
1998
2
1
1998
3
1
1999
1
1
1999
2
1
1999
3
1
2000
1
1
2000
2
1
2000
3
1
2001
1
1
2001
2
1
2001
3
1
2002
1
1
2002
2
1
2002
3
1
2003
1
1
2003
2
1
2003
3
1
2004
1
1
2004
2
1
2004
3
1
2005
1
1
2005
2
1

fuelEng
Fraction
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0.993
0.007
0.982
0.018
0.01
0.944
0.046
0.01
0.914
0.076
0.01
0.905
0.085
0.01
0.837
0.153
0.01
0.892
0.098
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0.08
0.92
0
0.397059
0.602941
0
1

Source
TypeID
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

Model
Fuel
Eng
YearID TypeID TechID
2005
3
1
2006
1
1
2006
2
1
2006
3
1
2007
1
1
2007
2
1
2007
3
1
2008
1
1
2008
2
1
2008
3
1
2009
1
1
2009
2
1
2009
3
1
2010
1
1
2010
2
1
2010
3
1
2011
1
1
2011
2
1
2011
3
1
2012
1
1
2012
2
1
2012
3
1
2013
1
1
2013
2
1
2013
3
1
2014
1
1
2014
2
1
2014
3
1
2015
1
1
2015
2
1
2015
3
1
2016
1
1
2016
2
1
2016
3
1
2017
1
1
2017
2
1
2017
3
1
2018
1
1
2018
2
1
2018
3
1
2019
1
1
2019
2
1
2019
3
1
2020
1
1
2020
2
1
2020
3
1
2021
1
1
2021
2
1
2021
3
1
2022
1
1
2022
2
1
2022
3
1
2023
1
1
2023
2
1
2023
3
1
2024
1
1
2024
2
1
2024
3
1
2025
1
1
2025
2
1
2025
3
1
2026
1
1
2026
2
1
2026
3
1
2027
1
1
2027
2
1
2027
3
1
2028
1
1
2028
2
1
2028
3
1
2029
1
1
2029
2
1
2029
3
1
2030
1
1
2030
2
1

C–23

fuelEng
Fraction
0
0.089744
0.128205
0.782051
0.149533
0.850467
0
0
0.479592
0.520408
0.121212
0.030303
0.848485
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1

Source
TypeID
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42

Model
Fuel
Eng
YearID TypeID TechID
2030
3
1
2031
1
1
2031
2
1
2031
3
1
2032
1
1
2032
2
1
2032
3
1
2033
1
1
2033
2
1
2033
3
1
2034
1
1
2034
2
1
2034
3
1
2035
1
1
2035
2
1
2035
3
1
2036
1
1
2036
2
1
2036
3
1
2037
1
1
2037
2
1
2037
3
1
2038
1
1
2038
2
1
2038
3
1
2039
1
1
2039
2
1
2039
3
1
2040
1
1
2040
2
1
2040
3
1
2041
1
1
2041
2
1
2041
3
1
2042
1
1
2042
2
1
2042
3
1
2043
1
1
2043
2
1
2043
3
1
2044
1
1
2044
2
1
2044
3
1
2045
1
1
2045
2
1
2045
3
1
2046
1
1
2046
2
1
2046
3
1
2047
1
1
2047
2
1
2047
3
1
2048
1
1
2048
2
1
2048
3
1
2049
1
1
2049
2
1
2049
3
1
2050
1
1
2050
2
1
2050
3
1

fuelEng
Fraction
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0

January 2014

[CountyYear]
countyID
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013
4013

yearID
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050

refuelingVaporProgramAdjust
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46

refuelingSpillProgramAdjust
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46

2011 Maricopa Co. PM10 Emission Inventory

C–24

January 2014