1

MARICOPA COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH
DIVISION OF DISEASE CONTROL
OFFICE OF EPIDEMIOLOGY

HEAT-ASSOCIATED DEATHS IN
MARICOPA COUNTY, AZ
FINAL REPORT* FOR 2013
May 7, 2014

*Three cases pending
Maricopa County Heat-Associated Deaths, 2013

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Table of Contents
Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................................ 3
Background ............................................................................................................................................. 4
Methods ................................................................................................................................................... 4
Results ..................................................................................................................................................... 6
Heat-Associated Deaths by Year .................................................................................................... 6
Heat-Associated Deaths by Month.................................................................................................. 8
Heat-Associated Deaths by Residency .......................................................................................... 9
Heat-Associated Deaths by Gender ............................................................................................. 10
Heat-Associated Deaths by Age.................................................................................................... 11
Heat-Associated Deaths by Years of Life Spent in Arizona ...................................................... 13
Heat-Associated Deaths by Place of Occurrence and Air Conditioning (AC) Status............ 16
Heat-Associated Deaths among Individuals who are Homeless .............................................. 18
Conclusions........................................................................................................................................... 19
Future Plans.......................................................................................................................................... 20
APPENDIX ............................................................................................................................................ 21

Maricopa County Heat-Associated Deaths, 2013

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Acknowledgements
The Maricopa County Department of Public Health (MCDPH), Office of Epidemiology would
like to thank the following agencies for their contributions to this report’s findings:







Maricopa County Office of the Medical Examiner (OME)
Maricopa County Office of Vital Registration (OVR)
Arizona Department of Health Services (ADHS), Office of Vital Registration
National Weather Service (NWS)
Maricopa Association of Governments (MAG)
Local hospitals (infection preventionists, emergency departments, social worker staff)

Maricopa County Heat-Associated Deaths, 2013

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Background
In July 2005, Maricopa County (MC) experienced exceptionally high temperatures that
contributed to 45 deaths, 35 occurring over nine consecutive days. Temperatures reached
116°_F and three excessive heat warnings were issued during this month. After this event,
the Maricopa County Department of Public Health (MCDPH) created a novel and effective
approach for surveillance of heat-associated deaths in 2006 and has continued to use this
system annually. The enhanced heat surveillance season usually begins in May and ends in
October.

Methods
Surveillance data is obtained from the following sources:
1. The Maricopa County Office of the Medical Examiner (OME) forwards suspected heatrelated deaths to MCDPH and provides data including demographics, preliminary
information regarding how the death occurred, and the circumstances of death. In the
past, this information came solely as a weekly line list with limited information for each
case. However, in February of 2012, MCDPH started receiving all preliminary reports
of death (PRODs) from the OME. These reports provide expanded information on a
daily basis and have changed the screening methods used by MCDPH staff to ensure
that all potential heat-related deaths are documented.

2. The MCDPH Office of Vital Registration registers all Maricopa County death
certificates in the Arizona Department of Health Services vital records database. The
MCDPH Office of Epidemiology searches this database looking for causes of death
associated with environmental heat. A Statistical Analysis Software (SAS) program
looks for the key phrases and International Classification of Disease-10 (ICD-10)
codes listed below.
Key Phrases
HEAT EXPOSURE
ENVIRON
EXHAUSTION
SUN
HEAT STRESS
HEAT STROKE
HYPERTHERMIA
ICD 10 Code
X30
T67.X
P810

Corresponding Definition
Exposure to excessive natural heat
Effects of heat and light
Environmental hyperthermia of newborn

3. Hospital and media reports can sometimes initiate a heat death investigation, for
example, if a child is reportedly left in a hot car.
Maricopa County Heat-Associated Deaths, 2013

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Once data are received, analysis of the information is required to identify only those deaths
caused as a result of environmental heat. Environmental heat is heat generated by the
climate (sun, humidity, etc.) rather than heat from man-made sources such as ovens or
manufacturing equipment.
Heat-associated deaths are categorized based on the
classification criteria listed below:
Heat-caused (HC) deaths are those in which environmental heat was directly involved in the sequence
of conditions causing deaths. These are deaths where environmental heat terms were indicated in Part
1
I of the death certificate causes of death (diseases or conditions in the direct sequence causing death),
for cause of death variables (cod_a, cod_b, cod_c, or cod_d). County of death: Maricopa.
Heat-related (HR) deaths are those in which environmental heat contributed to the deaths but was not
in the sequence of conditions causing these deaths. These are cases where environmental heat terms
2
were mentioned in Part II of the death certificate causes of death (diseases and conditions contributing
but not directly resulting in the death sequence), but not in any of the Part I death variables (cod_a,
cod_b, cod_c, or cod_d). County of death: Maricopa.

For the purposes of this report, heat-caused and heat-related deaths are combined and
referred to as “heat-associated deaths.” Please note that most jurisdictions report only heatcaused deaths. This should be considered when comparing Maricopa County data with data
from other locations.
Death certificate data, in combination with the OME notes, are used to produce the
information that is contained in this report. Total case count, demographics, residency,
drug/alcohol use, and years lived in Arizona are directly retrieved from death certificate data.
Place of death location, indoor/outdoor occurrence, air conditioning use, and homelessness
are retrieved based on explicit notations made in the death certificate and/or OME notes.
Homelessness is defined as having an address on the death certificate that matches a
homeless shelter, government agency, business, or an intersection. Cases are also classified
as homeless if there is an indication on the death certificate. If the address is listed as
unknown on the death certificate then an examination of the medical examiner’s notes is
made to determine if there is a reference to an address - if none, then the person is classified
as homeless. If the address is listed as out of jurisdiction then time spent in Arizona, as
provided by the death certificate, is taken into consideration.
Once classification is completed, the data are summarized for the production and
dissemination of reports. Reports are generated weekly during the season and posted to the
MCDPH website which can be found at:
http://www.maricopa.gov/publichealth/Services/EPI/Reports/heat.aspx

1

Part I of the death certificate: cod a – is the immediate cause (final disease or condition resulting in death) cod b, cod c,
cod d – are sequentially listed conditions leading to the cause listed on cod a.
2
Part II of the death certificate: Other significant conditions contributing to death but not resulting in the underlying cause
given in Part I.

Maricopa County Heat-Associated Deaths, 2013

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Results
Heat-Associated Deaths by Year
On average, over 100 suspected heat-associated deaths have been investigated each year
from 2006 through 2013 totaling 1,050 cases over the eight-year period. Of these cases, 60%
were confirmed as being heat-associated deaths.
Table 1. Heat-Associated Deaths Reported by Investigation Status, Maricopa County,
2006-2013
Year

Total Reported
N

Confirmed
N (%)

Ruled-Out
N (%)

Pending
N (%)

2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013

104
131
97
114
142
144
173
145

85 (82%)
51 (39%)
50 (52%)
74 (65%)
82 (58%)
106 (74%)
110 (64%)
74 (51%)

19 (18%)
80 (61%)
47 (48%)
40 (35%)
60 (42%)
38 (26%)
63 (36%)
68 (47%)

0 (0%)
0 (0%)
0 (0%)
0 (0%)
0 (0%)
0 (0%)
0 (0%)
3* (2%)

Total

1,050

632 (60%)

415 (40%)

3* (0%)

* As of 03/21/2014, 3 cases were still pending a final cause of death.

Maricopa County Heat-Associated Deaths, 2013

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In 2013, there were 74 heat-associated deaths reported, which is the lowest number of heatassociated deaths reported in Maricopa County since 2010. The graph shows that after a
steady increase since 2008, heat mortality suddenly decreased in 2013.
Graph 1. Heat-Associated Deaths by Year, Maricopa County, 2001-2013*

Data Sources: Maricopa County, Office of Vital Registration and Office of Medical Examiner; Arizona Department of Health
Services, Office of Vital Registration
* The numbers reported here are for heat-associated deaths reported to MCDPH as of 03/21/2014.
† Three cases still pending a final cause of death

Maricopa County Heat-Associated Deaths, 2013

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Heat-Associated Deaths by Month
In 2013, more than half of the year’s 74 heat-associated deaths occurred in July. This
summer there were 15 days where excessive heat warnings were issued. The longest period
of excessive heat occurred in late June to early July (6/28/2013-7/3/2013) with six
consecutive days of excessive heat. The majority of 2013 deaths were classified as heatcaused (55%), with the remainder classified as heat-related (45%). [For more detailed
information on temperatures and excessive heat warnings, See Appendix, Graph A]
Graph 2. Heat-Associated Deaths by Month and Classification, Maricopa County, 2013

Maricopa County Heat-Associated Deaths, 2013

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Heat-Associated Deaths by Residency
Residency was identified for 69 of the 74 heat-associated deaths in 2013. The cases for
which residency could not be established were excluded from this graph. Most cases (87%)
were Maricopa County residents.
Graph 3. Heat-Associated Deaths by Residency (n=69)* and Classification, Maricopa
County, 2013

* Excludesfive cases where residency could not be established.
† Non-Maricopa residents include five cases from unidentified AZ counties.
‡ Non-Arizona residents include three US residents (CA, OR, WV) and one non-US resident (Mexico).

Maricopa County Heat-Associated Deaths, 2013

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Heat-Associated Deaths by Gender
The majority of deaths among Maricopa residents occurred among males (81%). Additionally,
the mortality rate for males was 4.2 times greater than the rate for females (2.5 and 0.6
deaths per 100,000 residents, respectively). [For more detailed results on gender, See
Appendix, Table A]
Graph 4. Heat-Associated Crude Death Rate per 100,000 Maricopa County Residents*
by Gender (n=60), Maricopa County, 2013

* Based on 2012 Census population estimates for Maricopa County. Excludes fourteen cases that were not Maricopa County residents.

Maricopa County Heat-Associated Deaths, 2013

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Heat-Associated Deaths by Age
The highest incidence of heat-associated death occurred among individuals 50-64 years of
age (32%) followed by those 35-49 (26%). The data show that the heat-associated mortality
rate begins to increase in the 35-49 year old age group, with a substantial increase among
the 75+ age group (Graph 6). Three pediatric deaths occurred in 2013. [For more detailed
results on age, See Appendix, Tables A-B]
Graph 5. Heat-Associated Deaths by Age Group and Gender, Maricopa County, 2013

* One case was excluded due to unknown age.

Maricopa County Heat-Associated Deaths, 2013

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Graph 6. Heat-Associated Crude Death Rate per 100,000 Maricopa County Residents*
by Age Group (n=60), Maricopa County, 2013

* Based on 2012 Census population estimates for Maricopa County. Excludes fourteen cases that were not Maricopa County residents; one
of these decedent’s age was also unknown.

Maricopa County Heat-Associated Deaths, 2013

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Heat-Associated Deaths by Years of Life Spent in Arizona
Of the 61 decedents for whom time spent in Arizona was known, 59% resided in Arizona for
20 years or more. The graph illustrates that heat mortality in our community may not only
affect those that are new to this climate, however the age of these decedents and other
factors should also be considered.
Graph 7. Heat-Associated Deaths by Years of Life Spent in Arizona and Age Group
(n=61)*, Maricopa County, 2013

* Excludes thirteen cases for which time spent in Arizona was unknown at the time of analysis.

Maricopa County Heat-Associated Deaths, 2013

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Heat-Associated Deaths by Race
Although Whites and Hispanics reported the highest number of heat-associated deaths
overall (58% and 23%, respectively), African Americans had the highest rate of death (4.2 per
100,000 residents) compared to all other races. When stratifying by age, as seen in Graph 9,
the highest death rate of any age or race/ethnicity group is 106.8 per 100,000 residents
among Native Americans aged 75+ years. Relatively high rates of death are also seen in
African Americans 75+ years (39.7 per 100,000) and 65-74 years (11.6 per 100,000).
However, due to the small number of heat-associated deaths, rates may vary significantly
each year and therefore be considered unstable. [For more detailed results on race/ethnicity,
See Appendix, Tables C-D]
Graph 8. Heat-Associated Crude Death Rate per 100,000 Residents* by Race/Ethnicity
(n=59), Maricopa County, 2013

* Based on 2012 Census population estimates for Maricopa County. Excludes fourteen cases that were not Maricopa County residents (one
with unknown race) and one additional case with multiple race indicated.

Maricopa County Heat-Associated Deaths, 2013

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Graph 9. Heat-Associated Crude Death Rate per 100,000 Residents* by Race/Ethnicity
and Age Group (n=59), Maricopa County, 2013

* Based on 2012 Census population estimates for Maricopa County. Excludes fourteen cases that were not Maricopa County residents and
one additional case with multiple races indicated.

Maricopa County Heat-Associated Deaths, 2013

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Heat-Associated Deaths by Place of Occurrence and Air Conditioning (AC)
Status
Graph 10 illustrates that 59% of heat-associated deaths in 2013 occurred outdoors. These
deaths most often occurred in urban areas (39%). The majority of all 74 deaths occurred at a
private residence which includes 29 indoor deaths and 11 outdoor deaths. Graph 11 shows
that more men died outdoors (65%), while more women (64%) died indoors. [For more
detailed results on place of injury, See Appendix, Tables E-F]
Graph 10. Heat-Associated Deaths by Place of Occurrence
and Place of Outdoor Injury, Maricopa County, 2013

Graph 11. Heat-Associated Deaths by Gender
and Place of Injury Occurrence, Maricopa County, 2013

Maricopa County Heat-Associated Deaths, 2013

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Among deaths occurring indoors, 87% did not have air conditioning (AC) in use or it was not
present (Graph 12). For the one death where air conditioning was turned on, the AC was
blowing hot air because the thermostat was set high or other unknown reasons. Of the 87%
who did not have air conditioning turned on, the majority of AC units (69%) were either nonfunctioning or the dwelling did not have electricity (Graph 13). [For more detailed results on
AC status, See Appendix, Table G]
Graph 12. Indoor Occurring Heat-Associated Deaths by
Use of Air Conditioning (n=30) Maricopa County, 2013

Graph 13. Air Conditioning Status for Cases who did not have
Air Conditioning Turned On (n=26), Maricopa County, 2013

Maricopa County Heat-Associated Deaths, 2013

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Heat-Associated Deaths among Individuals who are Homeless
The highest number of deaths among the homeless was reported in 2006 with 32 heatassociated deaths (38% of the 2006 total). Graph 15 shows that drug and alcohol use was
more commonly associatd with deaths among the homeless than deaths among those with a
residence at the time of death. [For more detailed information on the homeless, See
Appendix, Table H]

Graph 14. Homeless Heat-Associated Deaths, Maricopa County, 2006-2013

Graph 15. Drug and Alcohol Use, as Mentioned on the Death Certificate for
Heat-Associated Deaths by Homelessness, Maricopa County, 2013

Maricopa County Heat-Associated Deaths, 2013

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Conclusions – Heat-Associated Deaths 2013
1. The 74 confirmed heat-associated deaths in 2013 is the fewest number of deaths
reported since 2009, however this number may increase once the remaining three
cases are finalized.
2. The majority of heat-associated deaths were heat-caused (as opposed to heatrelated). This means that the majority of deaths were cases in which environmental
heat was directly involved in the sequence of conditions causing death.
3. The majority of heat-associated deaths occurred during the month of July.
4. Most decedents, for whom residency was known, were residents of Maricopa County
(87%) or Arizona (7%).
5. The majority of decedents were not newcomers to Arizona. For decedents whose
location and length of residency were known, about one in six lived in Arizona for less
than three years.
6. One-quarter of heat-associated deaths occurred among males 50-64 years of age.
7. Three deaths occurred in people 19 years old or younger this year; one of which
occurred in a child younger than 5 years of age.
8. Heat-associated deaths among men tended to occur among those under 65 years old,
while deaths among women were distributed above 35 years of age.
9. The majority of deaths occurred outdoors, most of which occurred in urban areas.
10. Heat-associated deaths among men occurred more often outdoors; a larger proportion
of deaths among women occurred indoors.
11. Nearly all deaths that occurred indoors, occurred at a private residence; one case died
at a local store. For 90% of these indoor deaths, the air conditioning (AC) was not in
use or it was not present.
12. Approximately one in six heat-associated deaths in 2013 occurred in an individual
identified as homeless.
13. Drug or alcohol use is highly prevalent among individuals who die of heat related
causes; the proportion of heat-associated deaths associated with drug or alcohol use
is higher among those identified as homeless than those who are not.

Maricopa County Heat-Associated Deaths, 2013

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Future Plans
One of the goals of the MCDPH heat surveillance program is to obtain more detailed
information pertaining to the circumstances surrounding heat-associated mortality. More
complete data on air conditioning status was obtained last year through the review of PRODs
from the Medical Examiner. In the future, information about activities just prior to death (e.g.
working, exercising, etc.) could provide insight into the implementation of future interventions
and education. Analyses of additional risk factors, temperature variation, geographic
distribution of deaths, and associated morbidities occurring during the heat season will also
be conducted. Geographic location of heat-associated deaths and morbidity will be
investigated using Geopgraphic Information Systems (GIS) mapping, which will enable the
identification of areas in Maricopa County that have a higher burden of associated deaths
and/or morbidity.
The primary goal of heat-associated death surveillance continues to be the reduction and
eventually elimination of heat-associated deaths. The number of heat-associated deaths for
2013 is very concerning and highlights the need for community partners and public health to
collaborate and respond to the needs of the community. Cooling and hydration stations were
open to the public throughout the heat season, with additional stations opening during
particularly long periods of excessive heat. With additional information about which
populations and areas in Maricopa County are most affected by heat, we can continue to
evaluate these services and augment them where they are most needed. Lastly, MCDPH will
continue to use the information from enhanced heat surveillance to inform healthcare
providers and community partners of the dangers of excessive heat and ways to avoid it.
To learn more about services provided for cooling and hydration during the summer
months, or how you can help, please visit:
http://www.maricopa.gov/publichealth/Programs/Heat/default.aspx
http://www.cir.org/

Maricopa County Heat-Associated Deaths, 2013

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APPENDIX
Graph A. Maricopa County Heat-Associated Deaths by Date of Death,
Maximum and Minimum Temperatures and Excessive Heat Warnings
[3/17/2013-9/30/2013 (N=74)]

*

Exact Dates of Excessive Heat Warnings:
6/2/2013 (1 day)
6/7/2013 (1 day)
6/12/2013 (1 day)
6/28/2013 – 7/3/2013 (6 days)
8/1/2013 (1 day)
8/16/2013 – 8/18/2013 (3 days)
8/20/2013 - 8/21/2013 (2 days)

Maricopa County Heat-Associated Deaths, 2013

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Table A. Heat-Associated Deaths by Gender and Age Group, Maricopa County, 2013

Deaths by Gender
Age Group

Male
n (%)

Female
n (%)

Total
n (%)

0-4

1

(2%)

0

(0%)

1

(1%)

5-19

2

(3%)

0

(0%)

2

(3%)

20-34

7

(12%)

0

(0%)

7

(10%)

35-49

17 (28%)

2

(14%) 19

(26%)

50-64

19 (32%)

4

(29%) 23

(32%)

65-74

8

(13%)

3

(21%) 11

(15%)

75+

5

(8%)

5

(36%) 10

(14%)

Unknown

1

(2%)

0

(0%)

(0%)

All Ages

60 (81%) 14 (19%) 74 (100%)

Maricopa County Heat-Associated Deaths, 2013

0

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Table B. Heat-Associated Death Rates per 100,000 Residents* by Gender and
Age Group, Maricopa County, 2013

Age Group
Male
0-4
5-19
20-34
35-49
50-64
65-74
75+
All Ages

Gender
Rate per 100,000 (n)
Female
Total

0.7 (1)
0.0 (0)
0.9 (4)
4.3 (17)
4.3 (14)
5.2 (7)
5.4 (5)
2.5 (48)

0.0 (0)
0.0 (0)
0.0 (0)
0.3 (1)
1.1 (4)
1.3 (2)
3.9 (5)
0.6 (12)

0.4 (1)
0.0 (0)
0.5 (4)
2.3 (18)
2.6 (18)
3.1 (9)
4.5 (10)
1.5 (60)

* Based on 2012 Census population estimates for Maricopa County. Excludes fourteen cases that were not
Maricopa County residents; one of these decedent’s age was also unknown.

Table C. Heat-Associated Death Rates per 100,000 Residents* by Age Group and
Race/Ethnicity, Maricopa County, 2013

Age Group
Rate per 100,000 (n)

Race/Ethnicity
White
Hispanic
Black
Asian/Pac. Islander
Native American
All Race/Ethnicities

0-4

5-19

20-34

35-49

50-64

65-74

0.0 (0)
0.8 (1)
0.0 (0)
0.0 (0)
0.0 (0)
0.0 (1)

0.0 (0)
0.0 (0)
0.0 (0)
0.0 (0)
0.0 (0)
0.0 (0)

0.7 (3)
0.0 (0)
0.0 (0)
0.0 (0)
0.0 (0)
0.4 (3)

2.0 (9)
2.6 (6)
5.0 (2)
0.0 (0)
7.8 (1)
2.3 (18)

2.0 (10)
4.2 (5)
10.0 (3)
0.0 (0)
0.0 (0)
2.7 (18)

3.4 (8)
0.0 (0)
11.0 (1)
0.0 (0)
0.0 (0)
3.1 (9)

75+

Total

3.6 (7)
1.6 (37)
0.0 (0)
1.0 (12)
39.7 (2)
4.2 (8)
0.0 (0)
0.0 (0)
106.8 (1) 3.2 (2)
4.5 (10) 1.5 (59*)

* Based on 2012 Census population estimates for Maricopa County. Excludes fourteen cases that were not Maricopa County residents (one with unknown
age and race) and one additional case with multiple race indicated.

Maricopa County Heat-Associated Deaths, 2013

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Table D. Heat-Associated Death Rates per 100,000 Residents* by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, Maricopa County, 2013

Male

Gender
Rate per 100,000 (n)
Female

Total

2.4 (27)
1.8 (11)
8.3 (8)
0.0 (0)
3.1 (1)
2.5 (47)

0.7 (10)
0.2 (1)
0.0 (0)
0.0 (0)
3.0 (1)
0.6 (12)

1.6 (37)
1.0 (12)
4.2 (8)
0.0 (0)
3.2 (2)
1.5 (59*)

Race/Ethnicity
White
Hispanic
Black
Asian/Pac. Islander
Native American
All Races

* Based on 2012 Census population estimates for Maricopa County. Excludes fourteen cases that were not Maricopa County
residents (one with unknown race) and one additional case with multiple race indicated.

Table E. Heat-Associated Deaths by Place Injury Occurred and Age Group,
Maricopa County, 2013

Age
Group

Indoor (n=30)

Outdoor (n=43)

Private
Residence

Business

Private
Residence

0-4
5-19
20-34
35-49
50-64
65-74

0
0
0
6
11
6

0
0
0
0
1
0

0
0
0
2
4
1

Desert
Area/
Trail
0
2
5
1
2
0

75+
Unknown
Total

6
0
29

0
0
1

3
1
11

1
0
11

Maricopa County Heat-Associated Deaths, 2013

Car

Business

1
0
0
1
2
1

0
0
1
3
0
1

0
0
5

0
0
5

Urban Area
Street/
Field/
Alley
Park
0
0
0
0
0
1
5
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
7

0
0
1

Parking
Lot
0
0
0
1
2
1

Total

0
0
4

10
1
74

1
2
7
19
23
11

25
Table F. Heat-Associated Deaths by Indoor or Outdoor Occurrence, Age Group, and
Gender, Maricopa County, 2013

Indoor
Outdoor
Male Female Total Male Female Total

Age
Group
0-4
5-19
20-34
35-49
50-64
65-74
75+
Unknown
Total

0
0
0
5
9
5
2
0
21

0
0
0
1
3
1
4
0
9

0
0
0
6
12
6
6
0
30

1
2
7
12
10
3
3
1
39

0
0
0
1
1
2
1
0
5

1
2
7
13
11
5
4
1
44

Table G. Heat-Associated Deaths by Use of Air Conditioning (AC) and Age Group,
(Indoor Only) Maricopa County, 2013

Age
Group

AC Off

AC Not
Available

AC Status
Unknown

Total

0-4
5-19
20-34
35-49
50-64
65-74
75+
Unknown
Total

0
0
0
4
10
6
6
0
26

0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1

0
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
3

0
0
0
6
12
6
6
0
30

Table H. Drug and Alcohol Use, as Mentioned on the Death Certificate for HeatAssociated Deaths, by Homelessness, Maricopa County, 2013

Homelessness
Homeless

Total
n (%)
12 (11%)

Drug and/or Alcohol Use
n (%)
6 (50%)

No Drug or Alcohol Use
n (%)
6 (50%)

Non-Homeless

62 (57%)

20 (32%)

42 (68%)

Total

74 (100%)

26 (35%)

48 (65%)

Maricopa County Heat-Associated Deaths, 2013

26
Table I. Heat-Associated Deaths by Smoking/Tobacco Use, Maricopa County, 2013

Smoking/Tobacco Use

n (%)

Yes

21 (28%)

No

3 (4%)

Past

0 (0%)

Unknown

50 (68%)

Total

74 (100%)

Table J. Heat-Associated Deaths by Education Category, Maricopa County, 2013

Education Category
th

8 grade or less
9th through 12th grade; no diploma
High school graduate or GED completed
Some college credit, but no degree
Associate degree (e.g.AA,AS)
Bachelor’s degree (e.g.BA,BS)
Master’s degree (e.g.MA,MS,MEng,MEd,MSW,MBA)
Doctorate (e.g.PhD,EdD) or Professional degree
(e.g.MD,DDS,DVM,LLB,JD)
Not Classifiable
Unknown
Total

Maricopa County Heat-Associated Deaths, 2013

n (%)
10 (14%)
7 (10%)
26 (35%)
15 (20%)
1 (1%)
0 (0%)
2 (3%)
0 (0%)
1 (1%)
12 (16%)
74 (100%)