Historical Archaeology in Arizona A RESEARCH GUIDE Compiled by James E. Ayres, Carol Griffith and Teresita Majewski with Contributions by the SHPO Advisory Committee on Historical Archaeology Fifth Update June 2011 HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY IN ARIZONA A RESEARCH GUIDE Compiled by James E. Ayres, Carol Griffith and Teresita Majewski With Contributions by the The SHPO’s Advisory Committee on Historical Archaeology Revised June 2011 Arizona State Parks Board CHAIR Reese Woodling Tucson Tracey Westerhausen Phoenix Larry Landry Phoenix Walter D. Armer, Jr. Vail Alan Everett Sedona William C. Scalzo Phoenix Maria Baier State Land Commissioner Renée E. Bahl Executive Director Arizona State Parks 1300 W. Washington Phoenix, AZ 85007 Tel & TTY: (602) 542-4174 Fax: (602) 542-4180 Internet: AZStateParks.com This document is available on the Arizona State Parks website This document is available in alternative formats by contacting the ADA Coordinator at (602) 542-7152 This document was printed with Historic Preservation Fund grant money allocated to the Arizona State Historic Preservation Office from the National Park Service, Department of the Interior. Under Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, the U.S. Department of the Interior prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, or handicap in its federally assisted programs. If you believe you have been discriminated against in any program, activity, or facility as described above, or if you desire information, please write: Office of Equal Opportunity, U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Washington, D.C. 20240 i TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 1 Members of the SHPO Advisory Committee on Historical Archaeology Resources for Researching a Historical Place or Person Maps Photographs Aerial Photographs Architectural Plans and Drawings Business and City Directories Newspapers Tax and Building Records Property Title Records State Land Leases Irrigation/Farming Records Local Histories Census Records Vital Records (Birth, Marriage, and Death Records) Genealogical Records Historic Cemetery Records Oral Histories/Interviews Mining Records Business Records Court Records Arizona/National Register of Historic Places and State Property Inventory Files 2 3 9 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Appendix A Historic Context Studies Available from the State Historic Preservation Office and Order Form 31 Appendix B Resources for Local History Research, Arizona History & Archives Division, Arizona State Library, Archives & Public Records Appendix C Bibliography of Material Culture Sources and Background Resources Appendix D Bibliography of Historical Archaeological Reports Appendix E Sources for Arizona History in the National Archives & Records Administration 32 33 47 67 ii INTRODUCTION The State Historic Preservation Office’s (SHPO) Advisory Committee on Historical Archaeology and SHPO compiled Historical Archaeology in Arizona: A Research Guide to provide information on conducting historical archaeology research in Arizona. It is intended to serve as a resource guide for state and federal agencies and cultural resource management (CRM) firms planning to conduct archaeological, historical, and architectural studies that will be reviewed by SHPO. However, the guide is not a substitute for having a qualified, trained historical archaeologist as a member of the research team. The largest international scholarly society focusing on historical archaeology is the Society for Historical Archaeology (SHA). Information on the SHA and the resources it offers can be found at http://www.sha.org. This guide is not an exhaustive list of resources available to the researcher and is not a substitute for a thorough search for unique documents and publications related to a specific project area. Rather, it is a list of sources that should be consulted to obtain basic preliminary information. Because each project is unique, resources listed here may or may not be applicable; likewise, additional resources not listed in this guide may need to be consulted to adequately research specific people, properties, or artifacts. These additional resources include CRM reports and a wide variety of published and unpublished sources. The Guide is subdivided into the following major sections: Resources for Researching a Historical Place or Person and five appendixes. Appendix A contains information on historic context studies produced by the Arizona SHPO; Appendix B is a summary table of resources for local history research available at Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records; Appendix C is a bibliography of research sources on material culture; Appendix D is a bibliography of reports on historical archaeology in Arizona; and Appendix E contains information on historical sources that are housed in the National Archives and Records Administration. Members of the SHPO Advisory Committee on Historical Archaeology James E. Ayres, Archaeologist, Tucson Carol Griffith, State Historic Preservation Office Mark Hackbarth, Northland Research, Inc. Thomas Jones, Archaeological Consulting Services Bryan Lausten, Bureau of Reclamation Teresita Majewski, Statistical Research, Inc. Morgan Rieder, Aztlan Archaeology, Inc. Pat H. Stein, Arizona Preservation Consultants Lyle M. Stone, Archaeological Research Services, Inc. Michael Sullivan, USDA Forest Service, Tonto National Forest J. Homer Thiel, Desert Archaeology, Inc. John Goodman, SWCA, Inc. 1 RESOURCES FOR RESEARCHING A HISTORICAL PLACE OR PERSON This summary of sources of maps, photographs, and written documents and records in Arizona will be useful to those who are researching the history of places (e.g. mines, homesteads, ranches, roads, urban residences, and businesses) and of the individuals associated with them. The resources in this document are mostly primary sources of information, which are generally archived in public facilities. These sources will be found in federal, state, county, and city locations, as appropriate. Some may be in the hand of private or semiprivate organizations. To further confuse the issue, city and county records may be archived in state and federal repositories. As a matter of course, all primary sources should be subject to external and internal historical criticism prior to use of information found in those sources. For basic discussions of historical method, see Shafer (1980) and Wood (1990). Note: Periodic updates will be made to this document. If you are aware of any information changes, corrections or additions, please contact Carol Griffith at Arizona State Parks, the State Historic Preservation Office, 1300 W. Washington, Phoenix, AZ 85007, (602) 542-7141, cgriffith@azstateparks.gov 2 Maps It should be noted that collections at the three Arizona universities, the various divisions of the Arizona Historical Society, and the Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records include a wide range of map types and subjects that are not specifically listed below. Many of these will be of use to the historical archaeologist. General Land Office (GLO) Plat Maps A complete set of GLO maps, covering most Arizona townships, may be found at the state office of the Bureau of Land Management in Phoenix. The maps should be reviewed prior to beginning survey fieldwork to guide field investigations and to help identify and interpret cultural features. Specific information about cultural features on these maps may be found in the surveyor’s field notes, which are located in the state office on microfilm. Maps date from the 1860s to at least the 1930s. These survey maps were created as desirable land was opened for settlement; therefore, the earliest tend to be where there were mineral deposits or agricultural possibilities. Use maps in conjunction with the surveyor’s field notes and the patent filing information (Serial number) to identify the earliest official use/ownership. Be aware that before a patent was issued for a property, squatters and undocumented land use is possible for the nineteenth century, and earlier. Final proofs describing actual improvements to applied land (Homestead files) may be obtained by writing to the National Archives branch office in Laguna Nigel, California. To access the final proof information you will need the patent number, date of action, and serial number, which is available at the BLM office. You will find http://www.glorecords.blm.gov of value for accessing GLO information. To search for Master Title Plates and associated Index Sheets see http://www.blm.gov/az/mtps/mpts_search.cfm Cadastral, Homestead Entry and Mining Survey Maps are available on DVD for purchase from the BLM Office in Phoenix (http://www.blm.gov/az/st/en.html) Arizona State Office Bureau of Land Management, Security Building 222 N. Central Ave. Phoenix, AZ 85004 (602) 417-9200 Northern Arizona University Cline Library, Special Collections P. O. Box 6022 Flagstaff, AZ 86011-6022 (928) 523-5551; E-mail: Special.Collections@nau.edu; Website: http://www.nau.edu/library/speccoll/index.html Pima County Public Works Department 201 North Stone Ave. Tucson, AZ 85701-1207 (520) 740-6451 Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records; History and Archives Div. 1901 W. Madison Street Phoenix, AZ 85009 (602) 926-3720; E-mail: archives@lib.az.us; Website: http://www.lib.az.us 3 United States Geological Survey (USGS) Maps The federal government followed the township-based GLO maps with the USGS quadrangle sheets. Initially, these were issued in a 60-minute format, and later by a more limited 30-minute series. Subsequently, a 15-minute series covering most of the state was prepared. These have all been superceded by the current 7.5-minute series. The earlier series, like the GLO maps, provide a wealth of information about cultural features. Many of the early maps can be viewed at the Arizona State Museum; Special Collections, Cline Library, Northern Arizona University; and Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records. In the library at the Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center (see below), the USGS maintains the following maps for public reference: 1:24,000 maps for the state of Arizona, 1:250,000 and 1:100,000 maps of the entire United States, and 1:24,000 for some areas in adjacent southwestern states. Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records; History and Archives Div. 1901 W. Madison Street Phoenix, AZ 85009 (602) 926-3720; E-mail: archives@lib.az.us; Website: http://www.lib.az.us Arizona State Museum University of Arizona Tucson, AZ 85721 (520) 621-4011 Arizona State University Noble Science Library, Map Collection Tempe, AZ 85281 (480) 965-3582; Website: http://www.asu.edu/lib (ASU library Catalog Home Page) Northern Arizona University Cline Library, Special Collections P. O. Box 6022 Flagstaff, AZ 86011-6022 (928) 523-5551; E-mail: Special.Collections@nau.edu; Website: http://www.nau.edu/library/speccoll/index.html Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center U.S. Geological Survey 2255 Gemini Dr., Bldg. 1, Rm. 143 Flagstaff, AZ 86001 (928) 556-7008; Website: http://www.usgs.gov/library State Historic Preservation Office, Arizona State Parks 1300 W. Washington Street Phoenix, AZ 85001 (602) 542-4009, Website http://www.azstateparks.gov University of Arizona Main Library, Map Room Tucson, AZ 85721 (520) 621-6406 4 Highway Maps Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records; History and Archives Div. 1901 W. Madison Street Phoenix, AZ 85009 (602) 926-3720; E-mail: archives@lib.az.us; Website: http://www.lib.az.us Arizona Department of Transportation 206 S. 17th Avenue Phoenix, AZ 85007 (602) 712-7498 County Highway Atlases A full set of atlases for the state is available at SHPO and the Arizona Department of Transportation. County transportation department offices will usually have sets for their own county. Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records (1937–1993); History and Archives Div. 1901 W. Madison Street Phoenix, AZ 85009 (602) 926-3720; E-mail: archives@lib.az.us; Website: http://www.lib.az.us Arizona Department of Transportation 206 S. 17th Avenue Phoenix, AZ 85007 (602) 712-7498 Arizona State Museum University of Arizona Tucson, AZ 85721 (520) 621-4011 State Historic Preservation Office Arizona State Parks 1300 W. Washington Street Phoenix, AZ 85007 (602) 542-4009; Website: http://www.pr.state.az.us Sanborn-Perris Fire Insurance Company Maps The Sanborn maps for Arizona date from 1882 to the 1960s. The earliest Sanborn maps in Arizona are of Tombstone. Sanborn-Perris Fire Insurance Company maps are widely available as microfilm copies from a number of locations. Some are negative views (black background with white lettering), while others are positive views (white background with black lettering). The quality of the copies varies, and it pays to examine several versions if you will be reproducing them in a report. A drawback to using the microfilm copies is that it is not possible to see the color-coding used to designate building materials that are visible on the original maps. Full-size color copies of Sanborn Maps are more difficult to locate. Facilities having these copies are noted below. The Library of Congress has a complete set of the Sanborn maps and may have them on-line in the near future. For information, consult the Library of Congress’s American Memory website at http://memory.loc.gov sponsored by E Data Resources, Inc. For more information contact Marla Krauss at mkrauss@CONNIX.COM Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records (entire state on microfilm) 1901 W. Madison Street 5 Phoenix, AZ 85009 (602) 926-3720; E-mail: archives@lib.az.us; Website: http://www.lib.az.us Arizona Historical Society (entire state on microfilm, some full-size color copies for Tucson) Southern Arizona Division 949 E. 2nd Street Tucson, AZ 85719 (520) 628-5774 Arizona Historical Society (originals for Flagstaff & microfilm) Northern Arizona Division 2340 North Fort Valley Road Flagstaff, AZ 86001 (928) 774-6272 Arizona State University (microfilm and full-size color copies for Phoenix) Hayden Library, Arizona Room Tempe, AZ 8281 (480) 965-4932; Website: http://www.as.edu/lib (ASU library Catalog Home Page) Noble Science Library, Map Collection Tempe, AZ 85281 (480) 965-3582 Arizona State University (full-sized color copy of Phoenix 1947) Arizona Historical Foundation Hayden Library Tempe, AZ 85281 (480) 966-8331 Burton Barr Library, City of Phoenix Flagstaff Public Library (microfilm for Flagstaff) 300 W. Aspen Flagstaff, AZ 86001 (928) 779-7670, (520) 774-6272 National Archives and Records Administration 700 Pennsylvania Ave., NW Washington, D.C. 20408 Website: http://www.narn.gov/ National Archives and Records Administration – Regional Records Service Laguna Niguel 24000 Avila Rd., first floor – east entrance Laguna Niguel, CA 92607-6719 (949) 360-2641; E-mail: archives@laguna.nara.gov; Website: http://www.narn.gov/regional/laguna.html Northern Arizona University Cline Library, Special Collections P. O. Box 6022 Flagstaff, AZ 86011-6022 (928) 523-5551; E-mail: Special.Collections@nau.edu; 6 Website: http://www.nau.edu/library/speccoll/index.html State Historic Preservation Office (color reproduction of Flagstaff 1901–1904) Arizona State Parks 1300 W. Washington Phoenix, AZ 85007 (602) 542-4009; Website: http://www.azstateparks.gov University of Arizona (full-size color copies and microfilm, complete set for Tucson and much of rest of state as well) Main Library, Special Collections Tucson, AZ 85721 (520) (520) 621-6423 Midvale Collection Maps The Midvale Collection is an original set of documents concerning prehistoric and historicalperiod canals in Arizona. The bulk of this work focuses upon the Salt and Gila Rivers. As of May 1, 1999, this collection was being prepared at Special Collections, Hayden Library, Arizona State University. It cannot be accessed until the inventory and cataloging is completed. City Plat/Subdivision Maps These are usually available at the County Recorder’s Office or city government offices. See listing under Property Title Records. Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records (for Maricopa County 1890s –1950s) 1901 W. Madison Street Phoenix, AZ 85009 (602) 926-3720; E-mail: archives@lib.az.us; Website: http://www.lib.az.us Arizona Historical Society, Northern Arizona Division 2340 N. Fort Valley Road Flagstaff, AZ 86001 (928) 774-6272 Tucson Public Library Reference and Arizona Section 101 N. Stone Avenue Tucson, AZ 85701 (520) 791-4393 7 Bureau of Land Management (include current and past land-use activities such as homesteads) Master Title Plats (Government Survey) Arizona State Office One N. Central Ave., Suite 800 Phoenix, AZ 85004 (602) 417-9200 Other Maps Bureau of Land Management (maps of tribal lands) One N. Central Ave. Phoenix, AZ 85004 (602) 241-2281 (by appointment only) Bureau of Indian Affairs (maps on Indian Lands) Realty Department Two Arizona Center, 13th Floor Phoenix, AZ 85004 (602) 379-6781 Electronic Sources Library of Congress: http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/gmdhtml/ Collection of digitized maps available for download 8 Photographs A number of institutions conserve, display, and make available to researchers historical-period photographs. Local historical societies and museums may have resources unique to an area. A useful published source for the Phoenix area (1870–1970) is McLaughlin and McLaughlin (1970). Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records; History and Archives Div. 1901 W. Madison Street Phoenix, AZ 85009 (602) 926-3720; E-mail: archives@lib.az.us; Website: http://photos.lib.az.us/ Arizona State University Arizona Historical Foundation, Hayden Library Tempe, AZ 85281 (480) 966-8331; Website: http://www.asu.edu/lib (ASU Library Catalog Home Page) Arizona Historical Society, Central Arizona Division 1300 N. College Tempe, AZ 85281 (480) 929-0292, ext. 173 Arizona Historical Society, Southern Arizona Division 949 E. 2nd Street Tucson, AZ 85719 (520) 628-5774 Arizona Historical Society, Northern Arizona Division 340 N. Fort Valley Road Flagstaff, AZ 86001 (928) 774-6272 Arizona Historical Society, Rio Colorado Division 240 S. Madison Avenue Yuma, AZ 85364 (928) 782-1841 Arizona State Museum Photographic Archives University of Arizona Tucson, AZ 85721 (520) 621-2445 Arizona State University Hayden Library, Arizona Room, Special Collections Tempe, AZ 85281 (480) 965-4932; website: http://www.asu.edu/lib (ASU Library Catalog Home Page) 9 Museum of Northern Arizona 3101 N. Fort Valley Road Flagstaff, AZ 86001 (928) 774-5213 National Park Service Grand Canyon National Park P.O. Box 129 Grand Canyon, AZ 86023 (928) 638-7758 Phoenix Public Library and Phoenix Museum of History Images of Arizona http://azhistoricalimages.org/index.jsp Northern Arizona University (750,000 images from Flagstaff and Colorado Plateau area) Cline Library, Special Collections P.O. Box 6022 Flagstaff, AZ 86001 (928) 523-5551; E-mail: Special.Collections@nau.edu; Website: http://www.nau.edu/library/speccoll/index.html Sharlot Hall Museum (Yavapai County) 415 W. Gurley Street Prescott, AZ 86301 (928) 445-3122 State Historic Preservation Office (photos with National Register and State Register files) Arizona State Parks 1300 W. Washington Street Phoenix, AZ 85001 (602) 542-4009; Website: http://www.azstateparks.gov University of Arizona Main Library, Special Collections Tucson, AZ 85721 (520) 621-6423 For online exhibits of various Arizona celebrities and historical events go to http://www.library.arizona.edu/speccoll/public_programs/ US Farm Security Administration (FSA), Dorothea Lange Collection Photograph collection of farm workers in California and Arizona during the Great Depression. Dorothea Lange took the photos at the request of the FSA http://www.historyplace.com/unitedstates/lange/index.html 10 Aerial Photographs Colorado River Corridor (Glen Canyon Dam to Lake Meade) Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center 2255 Gemini Dr., Bldg. 1, Rm. 143 Flagstaff, AZ 86001 (928) 556-7373 Aerials are intermittent for the years 1935 to the 1980s, but are available for every year from 1990 to the present. Flagstaff-Area Coverage Northern Arizona University Cline Library, Studio Collections, Fronski Collection Flagstaff, AZ 86001 (928) 523-5551; E-mail: Special.Collections@nau.edu; Website: http://www.nau.edu/library/speccoll/index.html Phoenix Area Coverage 1935 Fairchild over flight is the earliest complete set of photographs for the Phoenix area. They were taken to show where Salt River Project (SRP) irrigation was possible and cover the Salt River basin from Granite Reef Dam to Gillespie, including some Verde River valley coverage. Originals are in California, but local copies are available at SRP. Arizona State University Noble Science Library, Map Collection Tempe, AZ 85281 (480) 965-3582; Website: http://www.asu.edu/lib/hayden/govdocs/maps/mapcoll.htm ASU has Landis Collection aerials from 1969 to the present, which mostly cover the Metro Phoenix area, and Fairchild Collection aerials for 1935 to 1939. Fairchild Aerial Photography Collection Whitter College Whitter, CA 90608 (562) 907-4220 Rupp Aerial Photographs 4811 N. Seventh Street Phoenix, AZ 85014 (602) 277-0439 Aerial photographs are available from a number of commercial companies in Phoenix, but Rupp has a series of six over flights dating from 1949 to the 1990s for the Phoenix area. Salt River Project Research Archives Shelley Dudley North Project Drive Tempe, AZ 85281 (480) 236-5900, ext. 6626 Salt, Gila, and Santa Cruz River Valleys Coverage Aerial photographs of canals in the Salt, Gila, and Santa Cruz River valleys were collected in 1930 by Neal Judd of the Smithsonian Institution; the Salt River photographs have annotations by Odd Halseth. See: Judd, Neal (1931) Arizona’s Prehistoric Canals, from the Air. Exploration and Fieldwork of the Smithsonian Institution in 1930, pp. 157–166. Copies can be found at the 11 Arizona State Museum and in Special Collections at the University of Arizona Library. Arizona State Museum (low-elevation, oblique photos of Salt River canals, Tempe, Mesa, Phoenix) Photographic Archives University of Arizona Tucson, AZ 85721 (520) 621-2445 Smithsonian Institution (Gila and Santa Cruz River valleys, 10,000-foot vertical shots) Office of Printing & Photographic Services MAH CB-054, MRC 644 14th & Constitution Ave., N.W. Washington, DC 20560 (202) 357-1933 Statewide Coverage Arizona Department of Transportation 206 S. 17th Avenue Phoenix, AZ 85007 (602) 712-7258 Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records (Arizona State Land Dept. Ortho Photo Quads) 1901 W. Madison Street Phoenix, AZ 85009 (602) 926-3720; E-mail: archives@lib.az.us; Website: http://www.lib.az.us Tucson Coverage Arizona Historical Society (Magee Collection, 1920s–1980s; U.S. Army Signal Corps 1924 aerials) Southern Arizona Division 949 E. 2nd Street Tucson, AZ 85719 (520) 628-5774 12 Architectural Plans and Drawings Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records 1901 W. Madison Street Phoenix, AZ 85009 (602) 542-3701 (library); (602) 926-720 (History and Archives Div.); E-mail: archives@lib.az.us; Website: http://www.lib.az.us Arizona Historical Society (Lescher & Mahoney and Fitzhugh & Fitzhugh Collections) Central Arizona Division 1300 N. College Tempe, AZ 85281 (480) 929-0292 Arizona State University (including Albert Chase MacCarther Collection) College of Architecture Architecture Special Collections Tempe, AZ 85281 Northern Arizona University (Mary Jane Colter Plans & University Properties) Cline Library, Special Collections Flagstaff, AZ 86001 (928) 523-5551; E-mail: Special.Collections@nau.edu Website: http://www.nau.edu/library/speccoll/index.html State Historic Preservation Office Arizona State Parks 1300 W. Washington Street Phoenix, AZ 85007 (602) 542-4009; Website: http://www.azstateparks.gov University of Arizona (by appointment only, includes Roy Place collection) College of Architecture, Planning and Landscape Architecture Architectural Archives Tucson, AZ 85721 (520) 621-2991 Electronic Sources http://www.pghbridges.com/basics.htm Drawings of bridges, as well as terminology and construction techniques. http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/collections/habs_haer Digitized collection of HABS/HAER Reports. 13 Business and City Directories Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records; History and Archives Div. 1901 W. Madison Street Phoenix, AZ 85009 (602) 926-3720; E-mail: archives@lib.az.us; Website: http://www.lib.az.us Arizona Historical Society, Central Arizona Division 1300 N. College Tempe, AZ 85281 (480) 929-0292 Arizona Historical Society, Southern Arizona Division 949 E. 2nd Street Tucson, AZ 85719 (520) 628-5774 Arizona State University Hayden Library, Arizona Room, Special Collections Tempe, AZ 85281 (480) 965-4932; Website: http://www.asu.edu/lib (ASU Library Catalog Home Page) Arizona Historical Foundation, Hayden Library Tempe, AZ 85281 (480) 966-8331 City of Phoenix Public Library Burton Barr Central Library, Arizona Room 1221 N. Central Avenue Phoenix, AZ 85004 Catalog website: http://www.pac.lib.ci.phoenix.az.us/web/ Northern Arizona University (Flagstaff, some for Williams, phone directories for Winslow) Cline Library, Special Collections P. O. Box 6022 Flagstaff, AZ 86011-6022 (928) 523-5551; E-mail: Special.Collections@nau.edu; website: http://www.nau.edu/library/speccoll/index.html Tucson-Pima Public Library Main Library P.O. Box 27470 Tucson, AZ 85726 (520) 791-4010 University of Arizona Main Library, Special Collections Tucson, AZ 85721 (520) 621-6423 14 Newspapers Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records (primarily on microfilm, but some hard copies exist) 1901 W. Madison Street Phoenix, AZ 85009 (602) 926-3720; E-mail: archives@lib.az.us; website: http://www.lib.az.us Arizona Historical Society, Southern Arizona Division 949 E. 2nd Street Tucson, AZ 85719 (520) 628-5774 Arizona State University (the Sacks Collection, an annotated card file of newspaper references, is also located here) Hayden Library, Arizona Room Tempe, AZ 85281 (480) 965-4932; website: http://www.asu.edu/lib (ASU Library Catalog Home Page) Arizona Historical Foundation, Hayden Library Tempe, AZ 85281 (480) 966-8331 City of Phoenix Public Library Burton Barr Central Library, Arizona Room 1221 N. Central Avenue Phoenix, AZ 85004 Catalog website: http://www.pac.lib.ci.phoenix.az.us/web/ Northern Arizona University (1888–1900 indexed and on microfilm) Cline Library, Microfilm Area P.O. Box 6022 Flagstaff, AZ 86011-6022 (928) 523-5551; E-mail: Special.Collections@nau.edu; Website: http://www.nau.edu/library/speccoll/index.html http://www.nau.edu/library/speccoll/indexes/Sun/index.html Index of Flagstaff area newspapers between 1887 and 1894 (Arizona Champion, Coconino Sun, Coconino Sun Weekly). University of Arizona Main Library Tucson, AZ 85721 (520) 621-6441 15 Tax and Building Records County Assessor’s Offices Apache County P.O. Box 770 St. Johns, AZ 85936 (928) 337-4364 Mohave County P.O. Box 7000 Kingman, AZ 86402 (928) 753-0703 www.co.apache.az.us/Departments/Assessor/ http://legacy.co.mohave.az.us/depts/assessor/ Cochise County P.O. Box 168 Bisbee, AZ 85603 (520) 432-9344 Navajo County P.O. Box 668 Holbrook, AZ 86025 (928) 524-4084 www.co.cochise.az.us/Assessor/Default.htm www.navajocountyaz.gov/assessor Coconino County 100 Birch Flagstaff, AZ 86001 (928) 779-6500 Pima County 115 N. Church Avenue Tucson, AZ 85701 (520) 740-8156 www.coconino.az.gov/assessor.aspx?id=36 www.asr.pima.gov/ Gila County P.O. Box 271 Globe, AZ 85502 (928) 425-3231 Pinal County P.O. Box 709 Florence, AZ 85232 (520) 868-636 www.co.gila.az.us/assessor/default/html http://pinalcountyaz.gov/DEPARTMENTS/ASSESSOR Graham County 800 Main Street Safford, AZ 85546 (520) 428-2828 Santa Cruz County 2150 N. Congress Drive Nogales, AZ 85628 (520) 761-7800 www.graham.az.gov/graham_CMS/ www.co.santa-cruz.az.us/assessor/index.htm Greenlee County P.O. Box 777 Clifton, AZ 85533 (928) 865-5302 Yavapai County 1015 Fair Street Prescott, AZ 86305 (928) 771-3220 www.co.greenlee.az.us/assessor/ www.co.yavapai.az.us/assessor.aspx La Paz County P.O. Box 790 Parker, AZ 85344 (928) 669-6165 Yuma County 198 S. Main Street Yuma, AZ 85364 (928) 329-2020 www.co.la-paz.az.us/assessor.htm www.co.yuma.az.us/assr/index.html Maricopa County 301 W. Jefferson Phoenix, AZ 85003 (602) 506-3406 www.maricopa.gov/assessor/ 16 Property Title Records These records are generally located in each county’s recorder’s office. Some title companies also have older record information they may be willing to share. For Tucson, consult the O’Quinn abstract books (4 vols.) for pre-1940 property transactions (at Special Collections, University of Arizona Main Library) and the Oury Deeds (1862) at the Arizona Historical Society, Southern Arizona Division (Collection M 1072). Some records (e.g. those for Pima County) have been automated and can be accessed on-site. In some cases, it may be useful to have a title search performed by a title company. County Recorder’s Offices Apache County P.O. Box 425 St. Johns, AZ 85936 (928) 337-4364 Mohave County 315 E. Oak Kingman, AZ 86401 (928) 753-0701 Cochise County P.O. Box 184 Bisbee, AZ 85603 (520) 432-9270 Navajo County P.O. Box 668 Holbrook, AZ 86025 (928) 524-4190 Coconino County 100 Birch Flagstaff, AZ 86001 (928) 779-6585 Pima County 115 N. Church Avenue Tucson, AZ 85701 (520) 740-8350 Gila County 1400 E. Ash Street Globe, AZ 85501 (928) 425-3231, ext.230 Pinal County 383 N. Main Street Florence, AZ 85232 (520) 868-7100 Graham County 921 Thatcher Blvd. Safford, AZ 85546 (520) 428-2828 Santa Cruz County 2150 N. Congress Drive Nogales, AZ 85621 (520) 761-7800, ext. 3037 Greenlee County P.O. Box 1625 Clifton, AZ 85533 (928) 865-2632 Yavapai County 1015 Fair Street Prescott, AZ 86301 (928) 771-3244 La Paz County 1112 Joshua, #201 Parker, AZ 85344 (928) 669-6136 Yuma County 198 S. Main Street Yuma, AZ 85364 (928) 329-2061 Maricopa County (City of Phoenix on microfilm) 111 South 3rd Avenue Phoenix, AZ 85007 (602) 506-3535 17 State Land Leases State Land Department 1616 W. Adams Street Phoenix, AZ 87007 (602) 542-4631 Holdings include information about current and historical lessees. Some information about improvements to the land is available in the lease documents. 18 Irrigation/Farming Records Salt River Project Research Archives History Services 1521 N. Project Drive Tempe, AZ 85281 (480) 236-2723 http://www.srpnet.com/about/history/facts.aspx Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records; History and Archives Div. 1901 W. Madison Street Phoenix, AZ 85009 (602) 926-3720; E-mail: archives@lib.az.us; Website: http://www.lib.az.us U.s. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation 6150 W. Thunderbird Road Glendale, AZ 85306-4001 (623) 773-6200 Historic Photographs on-line: http://www.usbr.gov/history/archives.html 1913-1914 Farm Unit Maps 1902-1903 Reclamation Survey Arizona Historical Society Central Arizona Division 1300 N. College Tempe, AZ 85281 (480) 929-9499 19 Local Histories A guide to local historical societies, entitled Official Directory Arizona Historical Museums and Related Support Organizations, is available free from the Arizona Historical Society, Tucson. For general reference, see Arizona Place Names, by Will C. Barnes (1935, 1988) and Byrd H. Granger (1960, 1983). Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records; History and Archives Div. 1901 W. Madison Street Phoenix, AZ 85009 (602) 926-3720; E-mail: archives@lib.az.us; Website: http://www.lib.az.us Arizona Historical Society, Central Arizona Division 1300 N. College Tempe, AZ 85281 (480) 929-0292 Arizona Historical Society, Rio Colorado Division 240 S. Madison Avenue Yuma, AZ 85364 (928) 782-1841 Arizona Historical Society, Southern Arizona Division 949 E. 2nd Street Tucson, AZ 85271 (520) 628-5774 Arizona Historical Society, Northern Arizona Division 340 N. Fort Valley Road Flagstaff, AZ 86001 (928) 774-6272 Arizona State University Hayden Library Arizona Room, Special Collections, Luhrs Reading Room Tempe, AZ 5281 (480) 965-4932; Website: http://www.asu.edu/lib (ASU Library Catalog Home Page) City of Phoenix Public Library Burton Barr Central Library Arizona Room 1221 N. Central Avenue Phoenix, AZ 85004 Catalog website: http://www.pac.lib.ci.phoenix.az.us/web/ 20 Northern Arizona University Cline Library, Special Collections Flagstaff, AZ 86011-6022 (928) 523-5551; website: http://www.nau.edu/library/speccoll/index.html Electronic Sources Ghost Towns http://www.ghosttowns.com/statea/az/az.html A source for brief histories of some early towns in Arizona. Use for initial ID, then use other references to verify information. Airfields http://wwwairfields-freeman.com/AZ/Airfields_AZ.html Includes abandoned and little known airfields in Arizona. Highways http://www.arizonaroads.com/ This site describes existing and abandoned highways in Arizona. http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/infastructure/history.html Histories of federal highways and systems. http://www.library.arizona.edu/exhibits/swetc/ University of Arizona Books of the Southwest (E-Books). Digitized collection of books relating to Arizona, including the Thomas Farish volumes. http://content.library.arizona.edu/collections/asdo/ Arizona-Sonora Documents online. Provides access to digital materials from various state institutions relating to Sonora, Mexico. From 19th and 20th century. http://parentseyes.arizona.edu/tubac/index.html Dobyns, Henry F. (1995 {reformatted edition}) Tubac Through Four Centuries: An Historical Resume and Analysis. http://www.gilariver.com/education.htm Electronic documents relating to the land use history along the Gila River written for the PimaMaricopa Irrigation Projects. http://books.google.com/books?hl=en A collection of books digitized by Google. Many that are still copyrighted may have partial views; however, there are many books that have become bublic domain and are available for download as PDFs, including those related to Arizona history (Farish, Hamilton, Hodge, Bancroft. Etc). There are also books related to historic materials research. http://international.loc.gov/intldl/eshtml/ Digitized document library of Spain, the United States, and American Frontier 21 Census Records Federal census enumeration sheets listing individuals and their ages, places of birth, occupation, and other information, are available on microfilm at several locations in Arizona. The dicennial census is available from 1860 to 1920. Additionally, special censuses were made in 1864, 1866, 1867, and 1869. The census for 1890 was destroyed by fire in the 1920s. The census Soundex system enables one to locate a particular individual by name without having to resort to a page-by-page search of the enumeration schedules. Using the Soundex system is initially a rather complicated process; we recommend consulting a librarian for assistance. The census schedules are residence based, and if a name is known, but the community in which a person resided is unknown, they are impossible to use. The Soundex system allows the researcher to locate the place of residence when only the name is known. Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records; History and Archives Div. 1901 W. Madison Street Phoenix, AZ 85009 (602) 926-3720; E-mail: archives@lib.az.us; Website: http://www.lib.az.us Arizona Historical Society, Central Arizona Division 1300 N. College Tempe, AZ 85281 (480) 929-0292 Arizona Historical Society, Southern Arizona Division 949 E. 2nd Street Tucson, AZ 85719 (520) 628-5774 Arizona State University Hayden Library, Arizona Room, Special Collections Tempe, AZ 5281 (480) 965-4932; Website: http://www.asu.edu/lib (ASU Library Catalog Home Page) City of Phoenix Public Library Burton Barr Central Library, Arizona Room 1221 N. Central Avenue Phoenix, AZ 85004 Catalog website: http://www.pac.lib.ci.phoenix.az.us/web/ Northern Arizona University Cline Library, Special Collections P. O. Box 6022 Flagstaff, AZ 86011-6022 (928) 523-5551; E-mail: Special.Collections@nau.edu; Website: http://www.nau.edu/library/speccoll/index.html 22 Vital Records (Birth, Marriage, and Death Records) Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records 1901 W. Madison Street Phoenix, AZ 85009 (602) 926-3720; E-mail: archives@lib.az.us; Website: http://www.lib.az.us Department of Health Services Vital Records Section P.O. Box 3887 1740 W. Adams Phoenix, AZ 85007 (602) 542-1000, http://genealogy.az.gov LDS Church (see Genealogical Records) Local Mortuary and Funeral Directors for burial and grave records 23 Genealogical Records Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records 1901 W. Madison Street Phoenix, AZ 85009 (602) 926-3720; E-mail: archives@lib.az.us; Website: http://www.lib.az.us Department of Health Services Vital Records Section P.O. Box 3887 1740 W. Adams Phoenix, AZ 85007 (602) 542-1000, http://genealogy.az.gov Flagstaff Public Library 300 W. Aspen Flagstaff, AZ 86001 (928) 779-7670 Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints The LDS Church has several family history centers that can be accessed for research relating to individuals and their families. Website: http://www.familysearch.org Mesa Family History Center 41 South Hobson Mesa, AZ 85204 (480) 964-1200 Flagstaff Family History Center 625 E. Cherry Flagstaff, AZ 86001 (928) 774-2930 Tucson Family History Center 500 S. Langley Avenue Tucson, AZ 85710 (520) 298-0905 24 Historic Cemetery Records The State Historic Preservation Office is working with the “Inventory of Arizona Historic Cemeteries Advisory Group to establish a central inventory of historical cemeteries in Arizona. The inventory will provide basic information on the property, such as, location, ownership, dates of use, types of graves, condition of the property, etc. The inventory will not include specific information about who is buried in the cemeteries. Cemetery Inventory Forms are available from the SHPO. The SHPO also has information on cemeteries listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Arizona State Historic Preservation Office 1300 W. Washington Phoenix, AZ 85007 (602/542-4009). For more detailed information about cemeteries and individuals buried in the cemeteries, contact the following resources: Arizona State Genealogical Society 8258 E. Kenyon Dr. Tucson, AZ (520) 886-3363 Northern Arizona Genealogical Society 3299 Rose Lane Prescott, AZ 86305 (928) 445-8996 Pioneers Cemetery Association Historic Smirthwaite House 14th Avenue and Jefferson in Downtown Phoenix P. O. Box 63342 Phoenix, AZ 85082-3342 www.azhistcemeteries.org 25 Oral Histories/Interviews Arizona Historical Society (includes Phoenix History Project) Central Arizona Division 1300 N. College Tempe, AZ 85281 (480) 929-0292, ext. 5 Arizona Historical Society, Southern Arizona Division 949 E. 2nd Street Tucson, AZ 85719 (520) 628-5774 Arizona State University Hayden Library Arizona Room, Special Collections Tempe, AZ 85281 (480) 965-4932; Website: http://www.asu.edu/lib (ASU Library Catalog Home Page) Northern Arizona University Cline Library, Special Collections P.O. Box 6022 Flagstaff, AZ 86011 (928) 523-5551; E-mail: Special.Collections@nau.edu; Website: http://www.nau.edu/library/speccoll/index.html Tempe Historical Museum 809 E. Southern Avenue Tempe, AZ 85205 (480) 350-5100 26 Mining Records Records of mining activity can be found at a variety of state, federal, and county repositories. These records include information on unpatented and patented claims, maps of patented claims, photographs of mines and mining activity, court documents, business records, among other records. Newspapers are also a tremendously important source of information about specific mines and mining districts. The 15 county recorder’s offices in Arizona have the only records of unpatented mining claims, which are the most numerous. These are filed and indexed by the name of the claim and by the name of the locator. Published sources are important too, including those of the Mining Club of the Southwest Foundation (Tucson), the journal Mining and Engineering World, the Engineering and Mining Journal, the Mining Congress Journal, U.S. Geological Survey bulletins, publications by the former Arizona Bureau of Mines, the Copper Handbook, CRM reports, and many others. Arizona Geological Survey Library 416 W. Congress, Suite 100 Tucson, AZ 85701 (520) 770-3500 Arizona Historical Society, Southern Arizona Division 949 E. 2nd Street Tucson, AZ 85719 (520) 628-5774 Bureau of Land Management Arizona State Office 222 N. Central Avenue Phoenix, AZ 85004 (602) 417-9200 Department of Mines and Mineral Resources 1502 W. Washington Street Phoenix, AZ 85007 (602) 255-3791 Sharlot Hall Museum (primarily photographs) 415 W. Gurley Street Prescott, AZ 86301 (928) 445-3122 27 Business Records In addition to the business directories and other resources listed in this document, a valuable source of information about Arizona incorporated businesses is the Arizona Corporation Commission. The holdings of the commission contain at least the incorporation papers for most of the companies incorporated in Arizona from the late nineteenth century to the present. Arizona Corporation Commission 1300 W. Washington Street Phoenix, AZ 85007 (602) 542-3026, 1 (800)345-5819; Website: http://www.cc.state.az.us U.S. Patent Office Records Google has full-text searchable patent images. http://google.com/patents Electronic Sources http://www.uspto.gov/patft/index.html Search and view US Patents approved after 1790 http://www.patentec.com/data/class/Classes.html Provides a list of Patent Classes by Title. 28 Court Records As with many sources of information in Arizona, the researcher frequently finds it necessary to check for civil and criminal court records at more than one repository. These documents include the territorial records of the federal judicial districts and those of the superior courts that were established in 1912 with statehood. Documents related to the appeals and tax courts are also available. Court records can be found in the offices of the clerk of court in all 15 county courthouses; at the Department of Library, Archives and Public Records; at the University of Arizona Law Library; and at the Arizona State University Law Library. Special collections departments at the three state university libraries may also have limited holdings of court records. Appeals court cases are published in Arizona Reports, copies of which are available at the university law libraries, offices of law firms, and at the Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records. An example of a historical-archaeological report in which court records were extensively used is Ayres et al. (1992). Arizona State of Library, Archives and Public Records; History and Archives Div. 1901 W. Madison Street Phoenix, AZ 85009 (602) 926-3720; E-mail: archives@lib.az.us; Website: http://www.lib.az.us Arizona State University John J. Roth–Wm. C. Blakely Law Library College of Law P.O. Box 877806 Tempe, AZ 85287 (480) 965-6141; Website: http://www.lawlib.asu.edu Federal Records Center National Archives and Records Administration 24000 Avila Laguna Niguel, CA 92607-6719 (949) 360-2618 Federal Records Center National Archives and Records Administration Bldg. 48, Denver Federal Center Denver, CO 80225-0307 (303) 236-0801 Addresses for the various county courthouses are listed elsewhere in this document. 29 Arizona/National Register of Historic Places Files and State Historic Property Inventory Files State Historic Preservation Office Arizona State Parks 1300 W. Washington Street Phoenix, AZ 85007 (602) 542-4009, 542-4174; Website: http://pr.state.az.us National Register of Historic Places Washington, D.C. Website: http://www.nr.nps.gov/nrishome.htm Context Studies As part of statewide preservation planning, the SHPO prepares historic context studies for major historical themes relevant to Arizona. “Information about historic properties must be divided into manageable units before it can be useful for planning purposes. Major decisions about identifying, evaluating, registering, and treating historic properties are most reliably made in the context of other related properties. A historic context is an organizational format that groups information about related historic properties, based on theme, geographic limits, and chronological period” (Secretary of Interior’s Standards). Historic context studies for Arizona are available from Arizona State Parks for the cost of printing and postage. Contexts currently in print and available for purchase from Arizona State Parks include: Homesteading in Arizona; Commerce in Phoenix, 1870-1942; Gold and Silver Mining in Arizona, 1848-1945; The Chinese in Arizona, 1870-1950; The United States Military in Arizona, 1846-1945; Transcontinental Railroading in Arizona, 1878-1940; Prehistoric Rock Art in Arizona, Historic Trails in Arizona from Coronado to 1940; Prehistoric to Historic Transition Period in Arizona, circa AD 1519 to 1692; Paleoindian and Archaic Sites in Arizona; Cattle Ranching in Arizona; and the New Deal in Arizona. The SHPO library has copies of additional context studies that are no longer being printed. A number of federal agencies, such as, the Forest Service, the Bureau of Land Management and the Bureau of Reclamation and the Arizona Department of Transportation have participated in historic context development and statewide inventory projects. 30 APPENDIX A Historic Context Studies Available from the Arizona State Historic Preservation Office Prehistoric Water Utilization and Technology in Arizona Homesteading in Arizona Commerce in Phoenix 1870-1942 Gold and Silver Mining, 1848-1945 The Chinese in Arizona, 1870-1950 The United States Military in Arizona, 1846-1945 Transcontinental Railroading in Arizona, 1878-1940 Prehistoric Rock Art in Arizona Historic Trails in Arizona from Coronado to 1940 Prehistoric to Historic Transition Period in Arizona, circa AD 1519 to 1692 Palioindian and Archaic Sites in Arizona Arizona Towns: Planning the Past, Saving the Future Video $12.00 $ 6.00 $6.00 $9.00 $7.00 $7.00 $7.00 $12.00 $7.00 $10.00 $10.00 $9.95 Shipping $6.00 & under $6.01 – 25.00 25.01-75.0 75.01 & over $3.00 $4.00 $6.00 $7.00 To order, please send your request and address to: Arizona State Parks, 1300 W. Washington, Phoenix 85007 Make check or money order to Arizona State Parks 31 APPENDIX B Resources for Local History Research, Arizona History and Archives Division, Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records Records District Court Marr. Certificates Marr. Affidavits Marr. License Civil Casesa Criminal cases Probate Insanity Inquests Wills/Estates Naturalizationb School Supt Census Teacher Regs Assessor Assessor Rolls Recorder Great Register Sec’y of State Census Auto License Apache est. 1879 Cochise est. 1881 Coconino est. 1891 Gila est. 1891 Maricopa est. 1871 Mohave est. 1864 Navajo est. 1895 Pima est. 1864 1879–1931 1889–1931 1881–1978 1891–1972 1912–1930 1881–1970 1891–1969 1908–1921 1885–1929 1881–1928 1903–1921 1890–1936 1881–1907 1894–1940 1887–1925 1891–1930 1891–1951 1891–1929 1881–1929 1881–1929 1882–1929 1881–1944 1892–1930 1882–1935 1894–1912 1887–1948 1919–1943 1887–1948 1867–1911 1880–1912 1878–1911 1878–1911 1893–1935 1885–1924 1895–1970 1895–1970 1881–1929 1876–1940 1879–1914 1891–1925 1882–1947 1882–1928 1881–1931 1871–1960 1894–1966 1871–1960 1871–1922 1879–1929 1926 1882–1955 1910–1920 1914–1954 1890–1933 1893–1970 1905 1902–1914 1905 1884–1910 1882–1910 1894–1911 1912–1917 1882 1912–1917 1912–1917 1882–1920 1879–1932 1877–1948 1912–1913 1905–1940 1942–1950 1895–1929 1895–1981 1889–1958 1901–1929 1915–1970 1895–1913 1897–1929 1881–1912 1864–1912 1864–1912 1864–1912 1887–1913 1866–1909 1912–1914 Pinal est. 1875 1874–1910 1874–1910 1876–1929 1876–1929 1875–1937 1879–1929 1883–1929 1875–1949 1875–1929 1908–1915 1891–1950 1888–1963 1885–1936 1910–1952 Yavapai est. 1864 Yuma est. 1864 1864–1941 1870–1972 1918–1969 1864–1949 1912–1922 1865–1911 1864–1949 1883–1929 1866–1929 1867–1928 1864–1941 1912–1922 1912–1940 1864–1941 1906–1968 1870–1932 1874–1965 1872–1912 1905 1905 1879–1944 1905 1881–1941 1878–1958 1882–1910 1876–1932 1894–1911 1895–1932 1876–1881 1894–1911 1882–1926 1882–1915 1882 1912–1917 1872–1882 1912–1917 1866–1882 1912–1917 1912–1917 1866–1882 1912–1917 1876–1882 1912–1917 1866–1882 1912–1917 1866–1876 1912–1917 a Divorce records are found in several record groups including the Territorial Legislature and Superior Courts Naturalization is administered by Federal District Courts. Before 1920, federal courts delegated this responsibility to various state and county courts. b Compiled by J. Homer Thiel 32 APPENDIX C Bibliography of Material Culture Sources and Background Resources This list of sources is intended to provide some basic references on the identification of various classes of material culture found on historical-period sites in the western United States. This list only provides the most basic references (some are cross-listed); it is not exhaustive. To learn more about a particular material class, consult the references cited or bibliographies sections of each of the references. Another way of learning about historical-period artifacts is through museum displays or museum or teaching collections. Use all web sources with caution. Bottles, Glass Anchor Hocking Glass Company 1999 About Anchor Hocking 1905–today. Anchor Hocking Glass Company Information. http://anchorhocking.com/index_companyinfo.html Armstrong, Jane R., and Peter D. Schulz 1980 Pontil Scars and Snap Cases as Dating Tools for Nineteenth-Century Glass: New Light from Old Sacramento. In Papers on Old Sacramento Archeology, edited by Peter D. Schulz and Betty J. Rivers, pp. 45–48. California Archeology Reports No. 19. Cultural Resource Management Unit, Department of Parks and Recreation, Sacramento. Busch, Jane 1987 Second Time Around: A Look at Bottle Reuse. Historical Archaeology 21(1):67–80. Devner, Kay 1968 Patent Medicine Picture. Tombstone Epitaph, Tombstone, Arizona. Fike, Richard 1987 The Bottle Book: A Comprehensive Guide to Historic Embossed Medicine Bottles. Gibbs M. Smith, Salt Lake City. Fontana, Bernard 1968 Bottles and History: The Case of Magdalena de Kino, Sonora, Mexico. Historical Archaeology 2:45–55. Friedrich, Manfred, and Donald Bull 1976 The Register of United States Breweries, 1876–1976, vol. 1. Holly Press, Stamford, Connecticut. Giarde, Jeffrey L. 1980 Glass Milk Bottles: Their Makers and Marks. Time Travelers Press, Bryn Mawr, California. Holscher, Harold H. 1965 Hollow and Specialty Glass: Background and Challenge. The Glass Industry 46. Reprint. Owens-Illinois, Toledo. Hunt, William J., Jr. (compiler) 1995 Embossed Medicine Bottle Labels: An Electronic Finding Aid for the Identification of Archeological Specimens (rev. 1997). Midwest Archeological Center, National Park Service, Lincoln, Nebraska. Also see http://www.mwac.nps.gov/bottle_glass 33 Jones, Olive R. 1971 Glass Bottle Push-ups and Pontil Marks. Historical Archaeology 5:62–73. 1986 Cylindrical English Wine and Beer Bottles 1735–1850. Studies in Archaeology, Architecture and History. National Historic Parks and Sites Branch, Environment Canada. Hull, Quebec, Canada. 2000 A Guide to Dating Glass Tableware: 1900 to 1940. In Studies in Material Culture Research, edited by Karlis Karklins, pp. 141–232. Society for Historical Archaeology, California, Pennsylvania. Jones, Olive R., and Catherine Sullivan 1989 The Parks Canada Glass Glossary for the Description of Containers, Tableware, Flat Glass, and Closures. Rev ed. Canadian Parks Service, Ottawa. Lief, Alfred n.d. A Close-up of Closures, History and Progress. Glass Container Manufacturer’s Institute, New York. Lindsey, William ND http://www.sha.org/bottle/index.htm Bureau of Land Management/Society for Historical Archaeology sponsored website on glass bottles. Contains dating , descriptions of bottles, and reference manual on glass and bottles, with some digitized for download as PDFs. Lockhart, William 2000 Bottles on the Boarder: The History and Bottles of the Soft Drink Industry in El Paso Texas, 1881-2000. State University, New Mexico. http://www.alamo.nmsu.edu/~lockhart/EPSodas/index.html 2001 Just Who in the Heck is Lula Anyway? The Alamogordo, New Mexico, Carbonated Beverage Industry and Its Bottles. New Mexico State University, New Mexico. http://www.alamo.nmsu.edu/~lockhart/AlamoSod/index.html 2001 You Can Whip Our Cream, But You Can’t Beat Our Milk: The Dairies of Otero County, New Mexico, 1889 to 1977. New Mexico State University, New Mexico. http://www.alamo.nmsu.edu/~lockhart/AlamMilk/index.html Lorrain, Dessamae 1968 An Archaeologist’s Guide to Nineteenth Century American Glass. Historical Archaeology 2:35–44. Meigh, Edward 1960 The Development of the Automatic Glass Bottle Machine. Glass Technology 1(1):25–50. Mentholatum Company Information 1999 Mentholatum Company Information. http://www.mentholatum.com/ [Use all website source with caution.] 34 Miller, George L., and Tony McNichol 2002 Dates For Suction Scarred Bottles: Chronological Changes in Owens Machine Made Bottles. Paper given at 2002 Society for American Archaeology meetings, Mobile. Miller, George L., and Anthony Pacey 1985 The Impact of Mechanization on the Glass Container Industry. Historical Archaeology 19(1):38–50. Miller, George L., and Catherine Sullivan 1984 Machine-Made Glass Containers and the End of Production for Mouth-Blown Bottles. Historical Archaeology 18:81–96. Munsey, Cecil 1970 The Illustrated Guide to Collecting Bottles. Hawthorne Books, New York. Paul, John R., and Paul W. Parmalee 1973 Soft Drink Bottling: A History with Special Reference to Illinois. Illinois State Museum Society, Springfield. Riley, John J. 1958 A History of the American Soft Drink Industry, 1807–1957. American Bottlers of Carbonated Beverages, Washington, D.C. Schulz, Peter D., Betty J. Rivers, Mark M. Hales, Charles A. Litzinger, and Elizabeth A. McKee 1980 The Bottles of Old Sacramento: A Study of Nineteenth-Century Glass and Ceramic Retail Containers, Part 1. California Archeology Reports No. 20. Cultural Resources Management Unit, Department of Parks and Recreation, Sacramento. Toulouse, Julian H. 1969 Fruit Jars, A Collector’s Manual with Prices. Thomas Nelson, Nashville. 1969 A Primer on Mold Seams. Western Collector 7:526–535, 578–587. 1971 Bottle Makers and Their Marks. Thomas Nelson, New York. Whitall, Tatum, and Company 1971 [1880] Catalogue of Druggists’, Chemists’, and Perfumers’ Glassware and Druggists’ Sundries. 1971 facsimilie ed. Pyne Press, Princeton, New Jersey. Wilson, William L., and Betty Wilson 1971 19th Century Medicine in Glass. 19th Century Hobby and Publishing, Eau Gallie, Florida. Zumwalt, Betty 1980 Ketchup, Pickles, Sauces—19th Century Food in Glass. Mark West Publishers, Fulton, California. Buttons Albert, Alphaeus H. 1976 Record of American Uniform and Historical Buttons: Bicentennial Edition. Boyertown Publishing Co., Boyertown, Pennsylvania. 35 Brinckerhoff, Sidney B. 1972 Metal Uniform Insignia of the U.S. Army in the Southwest, 1846–1902. Rev. and enl. Ed. Museum Monograph No. 3. Arizona Historical Society, Tucson. Hughes, Elizabeth, and Marion Lester 1991 The Big Book of Buttons. New Leaf Publishers, Sedgwick, Maine. LeVine, Terry Y. 1975 Analysis of the Buttons from La Casa Del Rancho Los Cerritos. Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly 11(3):59–74. Luscomb, Sally C. 1979 The Collector’s Encyclopedia of Buttons. Crown, New York. Olsen, Stanley J. 1963 Dating Early Plain Buttons by Their Form. American Antiquity 28:551–554. Olsen, Stanley J., and J. Duncan Campbell 1962 Uniform Buttons as Aids in the Interpretation of Military Sites. Curator 5:346–352. Wyckoff, Martin A. 1984 United States Military Buttons of the Land Services, 1787–1902: A Guide and Classificatory System. McLean County Historical Society, Bloomington, Illinois. Electronic Sources for Bottles, Glass http://www.fohbc.com/BandE_ArticleIndex3.html 1963-1972 Western Collector Magazine. Index. http://www.thecloroxcompany.com/company/history/botleguide/odds.html 1229-1962 Bottle guide for Clorox bottles when plastic jugs replaces the amber bottle. Glass Beads Conn, Richard G. 1972 The Pony Bead Period: A Cultural Problem of Western North America. Society for Historical Archaeology Newsletter 5(4):7–13. Dittemore, Diane D. 1986 Pima Indian Beaded Baskets in the Arizona State Museum. American Indian Art Magazine 12(1):46–53. Karklins, Karlis, and Roderick Sprague 1972 Glass Trade Beads in North America: An Annotated Bibliography. Historical Archaeology 6:87–101. Kidd, Kenneth E., and Martha Ann Kidd 1970 A Classification System for Glass Beads for the Use of Field Archaeologists. In Canadian Historic Sites. Occasional Papers in Archaeology and History 1:45–89. National Historic Sites Service, National and Historic Parks Branch, Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development, Ottawa. 36 Orchard, William C. 1929 Beads and Beadwork of the American Indians. Contributions No. 11. Museum of the American Indian. Heye Foundation, New York. Sprague, Roderick 1985 Glass Trade Beads: A Progress Report. Historical Archaeology 19(2):87–105. Ceramics Barnes, Mark R. 1980 Mexican Lead-Glazed Earthenwares. In Spanish Colonial Frontier Research, edited by Henry Dobyns. Spanish Borderlands Research 1:92–110. Center for Anthropological Studies, Albuquerque. Barnes, Mark R., and Ronald V. May 1979 Mexican Majolica in Northern New Spain. Acoma Books, Ramona, California. Originally published 1972, Occasional Paper No. 2. Pacific Coast Archaeological Society, Ramona, California. Bradley, Charles S. 2000 Smoking Pipes for the Archaeologist. In Studies in Material Culture Research, edited by Karlis Karklins, pp. 104–133. Society for Historical Archaeology, California, Pennsylvania. Cohen-Williams, Anita 1992 Common Maiolica Types of Northern New Spain. Historical Archaeology 26(1):119–130. Collard, Elizabeth 1984 Nineteenth-Century Pottery and Porcelain in Canada. 2nd ed. McGill-Queen’s University Press, Kingston and Montreal. [1st ed. 1967, McGill University Press] Costello, Julia G., and Mary L. Maniery 1988 Rice Bowls in the Delta: Artifacts Recovered from the 1915 Asian Community of Walnut Grove, California. Occasional Paper No. 16. Institute of Archaeology, University of California, Los Angeles. DeBolt, Gerald 1994 DeBolt’s Dictionary of American Pottery Marks: Whiteware and Porcelain. Collector Books, Paducah, Kentucky. Fontana, Bernard, William J. Robinson, Charles W. McCormack, and Earnest E. Leavitt 1962 Papago Indian Pottery. University of Washington Press, Seattle. Gaston, Mary Frank 1983 The Collector’s Encyclopedia of Flow Blue China. Collector Books, Paducah, Kentucky. Gates, William C., Jr., and Dana Ormerod 1982 The East Liverpool Pottery District: Identification of Manufacturers and Marks. Historical Archaeology 16(1–2). 37 Godden, Geoffrey A. 1964 Encyclopaedia of British Pottery and Porcelain Marks. Barrie & Jenkins, London. [an edition also published by Bonanza Books, New York] 1999 Godden’s Guide to Ironstone, Stone, and Granite Wares. Antique Collector’s Club. Woodbridge, Suffolk, U.K. Greer, Georgeanna H. 1981 American Stonewares, the Art and Craft of Utilitarian Potters. Schiffer Publishing, Exton, Pennsylvania. Gurke, Karl 1987 Bricks and Brickmaking: A Handbook for Historical Archaeology. University of Idaho Press, Moscow. Kovel, Ralph, and Terry Kovel 1986 Kovel’s New Dictionary of Marks. Crown Publishers, New York. Kowalsky, Arnold A., and Dorothy E. Kowalsky 1999 Encyclopedia of Marks on American, English, and European Earthenware, Ironstone, and Stoneware 1780–1980: Makers, Marks, and Patterns in Blue and White, Historic Blue, Flow Blue, Mulberry, Romantic Transferware, Tea Leaf, and White Ironstone. Schiffer Publishing, Atglen, Pennsylvania. Lehner, Lois 1978 Ohio Pottery and Glass Marks and Manufacturers. Wallace-Homestead, Des Moines, Iowa. 1979 Complete Book of American Kitchen and Dinner Wares. Wallace-Homestead, Des Moines, Iowa. 1988 Lehner’s Encyclopedia of U.S. Marks on Pottery, Porcelain, & Clay. Collector Books, Paducah, Kentucky. Lister, Florence C., and Robert H. Lister 1974 Maiolica in Colonial Spanish America. Historical Archaeology 8:17–52. 1976 Distribution of Mexican Maiolica along the Northern Borderlands. In Collected Papers in Honor of M. F. Lambert, edited by Albert H. Schroeder. Papers of the Archaeological Society of New Mexico 3:113–140. Majewski, Teresita. 1996 Historical Ceramics. In Three Farewells to Manzanar: The Archaeology of Manzanar National Historic Site, California, by Jeffrey F. Burton, Part 3: Appendices and References, pp. 793–862 (Appendix D). Publications in Anthropology No. 67. USDI National Park Service, Western Archeological and Conservation Center, Tucson. Majewski, Teresita, and Michael J. O’Brien 1987 The Use and Misuse of Nineteenth-Century English and American Ceramics in Archaeological Analysis. In Advances in Archaeological Method and Theory, vol. 11, edited by Michael B. Schiffer, pp. 92–209. Academic Press, San Diego. 38 Miller, George L. 1980 Classification and Economic Scaling of 19th Century Ceramics. Historical Archaeology 14:1–40. 1991 A Revised Set of CC Index Values for Classification and Economic Scaling of English Ceramics from 1780 to 1880. Historical Archaeology 25(1):1–25. Praetzellis, Mary, Betty Rivers, and Jeannette K. Schulz 1983 Ceramic Marks from Old Sacramento. California Archeology Reports No. 22. Cultural Resources Management Unit, Department of Parks and Recreation, Sacramento. Ramsey, John 1939 American Potters and Pottery. Hale, Cushman, and Flint, New York. Samford, Patricia M. 1997 Response to a Market: Dating English Underglaze Transfer-Printed Wares. Historical Archaeology 31(2):1–30. Stitt, Irene 1974 Japanese Ceramics of the Last 100 Years. Crown Publishers, New York. Wetherbee, Jean 1980 A Look at White Ironstone. Wallace-Homestead, Des Moines, Iowa. 1985 A Second Look at White Ironstone. Wallace-Homestead, Lombard, Illinois. Coins and Tokens Michael, Sam 1986 Trade Token Place Names of Arizona. Privately published, Mesa. Thrapp, Dan L. 1977 An Arizona Collector: Taken with Tokens. Arizona Highways 53(2):2–11. Utberg, Neil S. 1963 Coins of Mexico: 1536–1963. Privately published, Edinburg, Texas. Yeoman, R. S. 1964 A Guide Book of United States Coins. 17th ed. Whitman, Racine, Wisconsin. Firearms Barnes, Frank C. 1989 Cartridges of the World. 6th Rev. ed. DBI Books, Northfield, Illinois. Hamilton, T. M., and K. O. Emery 1987 Eighteenth-Century Gunflints from Fort Michilimackinac and Other Colonial Sites. Mackinac Island State Park Commission, Mackinac Island, Michigan. Hogg, Ian V. 1982 The Cartridge Guide. Stockpole Books, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. 39 Kenmotsu, Nancy 1990 Gunflints: A Study. Historical Archaeology 24:92–125. Kent, Barry C. 1983 More on Gunflints. Historical Archaeology 17(2):27–40. Lavin, James D. 1965 A History of Spanish Firearms. Herbert Jenkins, London. Logan, Herschel C. 1959 Cartridges: A Pictorial Digest of Small Arms Ammunition. Bonanza Books, New York. Russell, Carl P. 1977 Firearms, Traps, and Tools of the Mountain Men. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque. Originally published 1967, Alfred A. Knopf. Shuey, Daniel 1999 W.R.A. Co. Headstamped Cartridges and Their Variations, vol. 1. WCF Publications, Rockford, Illinois. Steward, Frank 1969 Shotgun Shells: Identification, Manufacturers, and Checklist for Collectors. B and P Associates, St. Louis. Suydam, Charles R. 1979 U.S. Cartridges and Their Handguns, 1795–1975. Beinfeld Publishing, North Hollywood, California. White, H. P., B. D. Munhall, and R. Bearse 1967 Pistol and Revolver Cartridges, Center Fire American and British Pistol and Revolver Cartridges, vol. II. A.S. Barnes, New York. Williamson, Harold F. 1965 Winchester, the Gun that Won the West. A.S. Barnes, New York. Wilson, R. L. 1991 Winchester: An American Legend. Random House, New York. Witthoft, John 1965 A History of Gunflints. Pennsylvania Archaeologist 36:12–49. Insulators, Glass and Porcelain Electronic Sources for Insulators http://myinsulators.com/glass-factories/ Pages on glass insulators with brief company histories by David Whitten. http://www.nia.org/index.html Information on glass and porcelain insulators, including types, timeline, patents, and patent images. Downloadable. 40 http://www.insulator.com/ Website with several scanned company catalogs for download; detailed profiles of Hemingray insulator-including Company Style No., CD No., and photographs: terminology for insulators, including body anatomy, nicknames, etc. http://glassian.org/sitemap.html Website with a number of company catalogs, pamphlets, and advertisements available for download. Metal Automobile License Plate Collectors Association 1997 Arizona. ALPCA Newsletter: The Official Publication of the Automobile License Plate Collectors Association 43(3), June issue. Boulder, Colorado. Busch, Jane 1981 An Introduction to the Tin Can. Historical Archaeology 15:95–104. Clifton, Robert T. 1971 Barbs, Prongs, Points, Prickers, and Stickers: A Complete and Illustrated Catalogue of Antique Barbed Wire. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman. Dunning, Phil 2000 Composite Table Cutlery from 1700 to 1930. In Studies in Material Culture Research, edited by Karlis Karklins, pp. 32–45. Society for Historical Archaeology, California, Pennsylvania. Hagan, Tere 1990 Silverplated Flatware: An Identification and Value Guide. Rev. 4th ed. Collector Books, Paducah, Kentucky. Jackson, John A., and Byron M. Shinn 1979 Fundmentals of Food Canning Technology. AVI, Westport, Connecticut. Kreilick, Scott T. 1999 The Ubiquitous Nail: An Annotated Bibliography. Unpublished manuscript. Light, John D. 2000 A Field Guide to the Identification of Metal. In Studies in Material Culture Research, edited by Karlis Karklins, pp. 3–19. Society for Historical Archaeology, California, Pennsylvania. Martells, Jack 1976 The Beer Can Collectors Bible. Ballantine Books, New York. Maxwell, D.B.S. 1993 Beer Cans: A Guide for the Archaeologist. Historical Archaeology 27(1):37–44. Moyer, David 2002 Bibliography of Nails. Iowa Office of the State Archaeologist. http://wwwdigitalpresence.com/histarch/nails.html 41 National Canners Association Research Laboratories Staff 1975 Canned Foods: Principles of Thermal Process Control and Container Closure Evaluation. Food Processors Institute, Berkeley. Nelson, Lee H. 1968 Nail Chronology as an Aid to Dating Old Buildings. Technical Leaflet No. 48. American Association for State and Local History. Pearson, Dennis 1998 Classic Lanterns. Schiffer, Atglen, Pennsylvania. See A Short History of Kerosene Lanterns http://home.earthlink.net/~pearsond/latern.htm Priess, Peter J. 2000 Historic Door Hardware. In Studies in Material Culture Research, edited by Karlis Karklins, pp. 46–95. Society for Historical Archaeology, California, Pennsylvania. Rainwater, Dorothy T. 1975 Encyclopedia of American Silver Manufacturers. Crown, New York. Rock, James 1984 1988 Cans in the Countryside. Historical Archaeology 18:97–111. A Brief Commentary on Cans. Coyote Press, Salinas, California. Ross, Lester A., and John D. Light 2000 A Guide to the Description and Interpretation of Metal Files. In Studies in Material Culture Research, edited by Karlis Karklins, pp. 20–31. Society for Historical Archaeology, California, Pennsylvania. Russell, Carl P. 1976 Firearms, Traps, and Tools of the Mountain Men. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque. Originally published 1967, Alfred A. Knopf. Russell & Erwin Manufacturing Company 1980 [1865] Illustrated Catalogue of American Hardware of the Russell and Erwin Manufacturing Company. Russell and Erwin Manufacturing Company, New Britain, Connecticut. 1980 facsimile edition. Association for Preservation Technology, Ottawa. Simmons, Marc, and Frank Turley 1980 Southwestern Colonial Ironwork: The Spanish Blacksmithing Tradition from Texas to California. Museum of New Mexico Press, Santa Fe. Simonis, Don 1990 Milk Can Typology for Dating Historical Sites. Manuscript on file, Bureau of Land Management, Kingman Resource Area, Kingman, Arizona. Ward, Albert E., Emily K. Abbink, and John R. Stein 1977 Ethnhistorical and Chronological Basis of the Navajo Material Culture. In Settlement and Subsistence along the Lower Chaco River: The GCP Survey, edited by Charles A. Reher, pp 217–278. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque. 42 Wells, Tom 1998 Nail Chronology: The Use of Technologically Derived Features. Historical Archaeology 32(2):78–99. Electronic Sources for Metal Cans http://www.conetop.com/ Photographs of various styles of cone-top ans. http://cancentral.com/ Summary of contemporary can production, standards, and history of cans. Electronic Sources for Metal, Nails, Hardware, Miscellaneous http://www.appaltree.net/aba/nails.htm All about nails. Appalachian Blacksmith Association. http://www.zerofast.com/screwh.htm Chart illustrating head shapes for various screws. http://www.safetyrazors.net/schick/schickyear.htm Schick timeline. Other Material Classes/Artifact Types (Dolls, Leather, Marbles, Shell, Synthetics) Anderson, Adrienne 1968 The Archaeology of Mass-Produced Footware. Historical Archaeology 2:56–65. Brinckerhoff, Sidney B. 1976 Boots and Shoes of the Frontier Soldier, 1865–1893. Museum Monograph No. 7. Arizona Historical Society, Tucson. Claassen, Cheryl 1994 Washboards, Pigtoes, and Muckers: Historic Musselling in the Mississippi Watershed. Historical Archaeology 28(2). DuBois, J. Harry 1972 Plastics History: U.S.A. Cahners Books, Boston. Friedel, Robert 1983 Pioneer Plastic: The Making and Selling of Celluloid. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison. 1984 Gusset, Gérard 2000 A Preliminary Annotated Bibliography on Electrical Artifacts. In Studies in Material Culture Research, edited by Karlis Karklins, pp. 134–140. Society for Historical Archaeology, California, Pennsylvania. Huddleson, Julia E., and Mitsuru S. Watanabe 1990 Pegged Footware from 1851 San Francisco. In The Hoff Store Site and Gold Rush Merchandise from San Francisco, California, edited by Allen G. Pastron and Eugene M. Hattori, pp. 94–100. Special Publication No. 7. Society for Historical Archaeology, California, Pennsylvania. 43 Pritchett, Jack, and Allen Pastron 1983 Ceramic Dolls as Chronological Indicators: Implications from a San Francisco Dump Site. In Forgotten Places and Things: Archaeological Perspectives on American History, compiled and edited by Albert E. Ward, pp. 321–334. Contributions to Anthropological Studies No. 3. Center for Anthropological Studies, Albuquerque. Randall, Mark 1972 Early Marbles. Historical Archaeology 5:102–105. Barbed Wire Study Collection – Exhibit at Tombstone Courthouse State Park General References and Other Resources Barnes, Will C. 1935 Arizona Place Names. University of Arizona Bulletin 6:1. Tucson. Berge, Dale L. 1968 The Gila Bend Stage Station. The Kiva 33:169–243. 1980 Simpson Springs Station: Historical Archaeology in Western Utah 1974–1975. Cultural Resource Series No. 6. Bureau of Land Management, Utah. Burton, Jeffrey F. 1996 Three Farewells to Manzanar: The Archeology of Manzanar National Historic Site, California. 3 parts. Publications in Anthropology 67. Western Archeological and Conservation Center, USDI National Park Service, Tucson. Felton, David L., Frank Lortie, and Peter D. Schulz 1984 The Chinese Laundry on Second Street: Archeological Investigations at the Woodland Opera House Site. California Archeological Reports No. 24. California Department of Parks and Recreation, Sacramento. Fontana, Bernard L., and J. Cameron Greenleaf 1962 Johnny Ward’s Ranch, A Study in Historic Archaeology. The Kiva 28(1–2). Foundation Brand Names 1947 43,000 Years of Public Service. Brand Names Foundation, New York. Granger, Byrd H. 1960 Will C. Barnes’ Arizona Place Names. Rev. and enlarged ed. University of Arizona Press, Tucson. 1985 Arizona’s Names: X Marks the Spot. Falconer Publishing Co., [Tucson]. Herskovitz, Robert M. 1978 Fort Bowie Material Culture. Anthropological Papers of the University of Arizona No. 31. University of Arizona Press, Tucson. Hull-Walski, Debra, and James E. Ayres 1989 Laboratory Methods and Data Computerization. The Historical Archaeology of Dam Construction Camps in Central Arizona, vol. 3. Dames and Moore, Phoenix. 44 Kimball, Monique E. 2009 Guide to Historic Artifacts. Manuscript in possession of author. Sparks, NV Lister, Florence C., and Robert H. Lister 1989 The Chinese of Early Tucson: Historic Archaeology from the Tucson Urban Renewal Project. Anthropological Papers of the University of Arizona No. 52. University of Arizona Press, Tucson. McLaughlin, Herb, and Dorothy McLaughlin 1970 Phoenix, 1870–1970. Arizona Photographic Associates, Inc., Phoenix. Miller, George, with contributions by Patricia Samford, Ellen Shlasko, and Andrew Madsen 2000 Telling Time for Archaeologists. Northeast Historical Archaeology: Journal of the Council for Northeast Historical Archaeology, Edited by Mary C. Beaudry and David B. Landon; Stephen A. Brighton and Eleanor E. Breen, Assistant Editors, Volume 29. Periodical Publishers Association 1934 Trade-Marks. Periodical Publishers Association, New York. Shafer, Robert Jones, and David Harry Bennett 1981 A Guide to Historical Method. 3rd ed. Dorsey Press, Homewood, Illinois. Sutton, Mark Q., and Brooke S. Arkush 1996 Analysis of Historical Artifacts. In Archaeological Laboratory Methods: An Introduction, 2nd ed., edited by Mark Q. Sutton and Brooke S. Arkush, Chapter 9 (pp. 165–23). Kendall/Hunt, Dubuque, Iowa. Teague, George A., and Lynette O. Shenk 1978 Excavations at Harmony Borax Works: Historical Archaeology at Death Valley National Monument. Publications in Anthropology 6. Western Archeological and Conservation Center, USDI National Park Service, Tucson. Walker, Henry P., and Don Bufkin 1986 Historical Atlas of Arizona. 2nd ed. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman. Wood, W. Raymond 1990 Ethnohistory and Historical Method. In Archaeological Method and Theory, vol. 2, edited by Michael B. Schiffer, pp. 81–110. University of Arizona Press, Tucson. Electronic Sources for Information on Miscellaneous Historical Materials http://resources.coker.com/tire-tech/tire-history-and-information/history-of-the-tiretimeline.html Timetable of tire development. http://www.fostoria.org/history/autolite/autolite1.html History of Autolite Spark Plug Plant in Ohio. http://wwwgeocities.com/MotorCity/Fatory/5702/index.html Photographs of spark plugs manufactured between 1900 -1950s. http://www.princetonimaging.com/library/western_electic_catalog_1916/index.html Digitized 1916 Catalog and Yearbook of the Western Electric Company. 45 http://www.lampguild.org/Default.html?defaulttext.shtml&1 International Guild of Lamp Researchers. http://www,oficemuseum.com/exhibits.htm Museum of office equipment and machines. Note: Many useful articles on historical archaeology and material culture are published in Historical Archaeology, the journal of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Some back issues are available as individual issues or on CD-ROM. For more information on publications or membership in the organization, go to the Society’s website: http://www.sha.org. 46 APPENDIX D Bibliography of Historical Archaeological Reports Anderson, Adrienne 1970 From Family Home to Slum Apartment: Archaeological Analysis within the Urban Renewal Area, Tucson, Arizona. Unpublished Master’s thesis, Department of Anthropology, University of Arizona, Tucson. Anderson, Keith M., Fillman Bell, and Yvonne G. Stewart 1982 Quitobaquito: A Sand Papago Cemetery. The Kiva 47(4):215–237. Ayres, James E. 1970 An Early Historic Burial from the Village of Bac. The Kiva 36(2):44–48. 1978 Archaeological Report: Preliminary Report of Excavations at TUR 1:6 (the Cordova House). In The Restoration of La Casa Cordova, compiled and edited by J. B. Hunt, pp. 13–17. Junior League of Tucson, Tucson. 1979 Archaeological Investigations in the Art Center Block: A Brief Summary. In Master Plan for the Tucson Museum of Art, Appendix 2. J. Gresham and Associates, Tucson. 1982 An Archaeological Examination of an Historic Railroad Agent’s House. Archaeological Research Services, Tempe. 1983 Archaeological Survey and Evaluation of Structural Components of the Roosevelt Power Canal. Archaeological Research Services, Tempe. 1984 The Anglo Period in Archaeological and Historical Perspective. The Kiva 49:225– 232. 1984 The Archaeology of Chinese Sites in Arizona. In Origins and Destinations: 41 Essays on Chinese America. Los Angeles: Chinese Historical Society of Southern California and UCLA Asian American Studies Center. 1984 A Cultural Resources Inventory of the Improvements to Business-10 in Quartzsite, Arizona (Draft). Technical Series No. 50. Cultural & Environmental Systems, Tucson. 1984 Rosemont: The History and Archaeology of Post-1880 Sites in the Rosemont Area, Santa Rita Mountains, Arizona. Archaeological Series No. 147(3). Arizona State Museum, University of Arizona, Tucson. 47 1988 Historic Homestead and Ranch Survey along the Middle Agua Fria River. In Second Annual Report. Historical Archaeology at Dam Construction Camps in Central Arizona, edited by A. E. Rogge and C. L. Myers, pp. 9–47. Dames & Moore, Phoenix. 1990 Historic Archaeology at the Tucson Community Center. Archaeology Series No. 181. Arizona State Museum, University of Arizona, Tucson. 1991 Historical Archaeology in Arizona and New Mexico. Historical Archaeology 25(3):18–25. 1993 Archaeological Investigations at Vulcan Camp: Historic Mining on the Vulcan and Prince Rupert Claims in the Pima Mining District. Cultural & Environmental Systems, Inc., Tucson. Ayres, James E., A. E. Rogge, E. J. Bassett, M. Keane, and D. L. Douglas 1992 Humbug! The Historical Archaeology of Placer Mining on Humbug Creek in Central Arizona. Dames & Moore, Phoenix. Ayres, James E., A. E. Rogge, Melissa Keane, Diane L. Douglas, Everett J. Bassett, Diane L. Fenicle, Cindy L. Myers, Bonnie J. Clark, and Karen Turnmire 1993 The Historical Archaeology of Dam Construction Camps in Central Arizona: Vol. 2A. Sites in the Roosevelt Dam Area. Intermountain Cultural Resource Services Research Paper No. 11. Dames & Moore, Phoenix. Ayres, James E., and Gregory R. Seymour 1993 Life on a 1930s Homestead: Historical Archaeological Investigations of the Brown’s Homestead on the Middle Agua Fria River, Yavapai County, Arizona. Anthropological Research Paper No. 2. SWCA Inc. Environmental Consultants, Flagstaff. Ayres, James E., and Lyle M. Stone 1983 Historical Period Cultural Resources. In Archaeological Assessment of the Middle Santa Cruz River Basin, Rillito to Green Valley, Arizona, for the Proposed Tucson Aqueduct Project Phase B, Central Arizona Project, edited by J. S. Czaplicki and J. D. Mayberry, pp. 63–78. Archaeological Series No. 164. Arizona State Museum, University of Arizona, Tucson. Barnes, Mark R. 1972 Majolica of the Santa Cruz Valley, Arizona. In Mexican Majolica in Northern New Spain, by M. R. Barnes and R. V. May, pp. 1–23. Occasional Paper No. 2. Pacific Coast Archaeological Society, Ramona, California. 1980 1984 Mexican Lead-Glazed Earthenwares. In Spanish Colonial Frontier Research, compiled by Henry F. Dobyns, pp. 92–110. Spanish Borderlands Research No. 1. Center for Anthropological Studies, Albuquerque. Hispanic Period Archaeology in the Tucson Basin: An Overview. Kiva 49(3– 4):213–224. 48 1984 Tucson: Development of a Community. Ph.D. dissertation, Catholic University of America. Washington, D.C. Barnes, Mark R., and Ronald V. May 1979 Mexican Majolica in Northern New Spain. Acoma Books, Ramona, California. Originally published 1972, Occasional Paper No. 2. Pacific Coast Archaeological Society, Ramona, California. Barton, C. Michael, and Steven R. James 1991 The Phoenix Indian School Archaeological Project: Results of the Test Excavations. Anthropological Field Studies No. 25. Arizona State University, Tempe. Bell, Fillman, Keith M. Anderson, and Yvonne G. Stewart 1982 The Quitobaquito Cemetery and its History. Western Archeological and Conservation Center, National Park Serice, Tucson. Berge, Dale 1968 1968 The Gila Bend Stage Station. The Kiva 33:169-243. Historical Archaeology in the American Southwest. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Arizona, Tucson. University Microfilms, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Bernard-Shaw, Mary, Lee Fratt, Frederick W. Huntington, Keith M. Katzer, Linda L. Mayro, Deborah Swartz, and Henry D. Wallace 1988 Cultural Resources Testing Results for Continental Ranch, Pima County, Arizona. Technical Report No. 87-3. Institute for American Research, Tucson. Betancourt, Julia L. 1978 An Archaeological Synthesis of the Tucson Basin: Focus on the Santa Cruz and Its Riverpark. Archaeological Series No. 116. Arizona State Museum, University of Arizona, Tucson. Brew, Susan A., and Bruce B. Huckell 1987 A Protohistoric Piman Burial and a Consideration of Piman Burial Practices. The Kiva 52:163–191. Bronitsky, Gordon 1985 The Protohistoric Pimans of Southeastern Arizona: A Review of History, Archaeology, and Material Culture. In Southwestern Culture History: Collected Papers in Honor of Albert H. Schroeder, edited by Charles H. Lange, pp. 139–151. Papers of the Archaeological Society of New Mexico No. 10. Ancient City Press, Santa Fe. Brown, Patricia Eyring 1978 Archaeological Investigations at AZ U:6:2 (ASU) an Historic Camp on the Banks of the Salt River, Maricopa County, Arizona. Report No. 32. Office of Cultural Resource Management, Arizona State University, Tempe. Bruder, J. Simon 1975 Historic Papago Archaeology. In Hecla II and III: An Interpretive Study of Archaeological Remains from the Lakeshore Project, Papago Reservation, South Central Arizona, by A. C. Goodyear, pp. 271–337. Anthropological Research Papers No. 9. Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University, Tempe. 49 1977 Changing Patterns in Papago Subsistence Strategies: Archaeology and Ethnohistory Compared. The Kiva 42:233–256. Burton, Jeffrey F. 1992 Remnants of Adobe and Stone: The Surface Archeology of the Guevavi and Calabasas Units, Tumacacori National Historical Park, Arizona. Publications in Anthropology No. 59. Western Archeological and Conservation Center, National Park Service, Tucson. 1992 San Miguel de Guevavi: The Archeology of an Eighteenth Century Jesuit Mission on the Rim of Christendom. Publications in Anthropology No. 57. Western Archeological and Conservation Center, National Park Service, Tucson. 1993 Days in the Painted Desert and the Petrified Forests of Northern Arizona: Contributions to the Archeology of Petrified Forest National Park 1988–1992. Publications in Anthropology No. 62. Western Archeological and Conservation Center, National Park Service, Tucson. Cable, John S., Susan L. Henry, and David E. Doyel (editors) 1982 City of Phoenix, Archaeology of the Original Townsite: Blocks 1 and 2. Publications in Archaeology No. 1. Soil Systems, Inc., Phoenix. 1983 City of Phoenix, Archaeology of the Original Townsite: Block 28-North. Publications in Archaeology No. 2. Soil Systems, Inc., Phoenix. 1984 City of Phoenix, Archaeology of the Original Townsite: The Murphy’s Addition. Publications in Archaeology No. 3. Soil Systems, Inc., Phoenix. Cable, John S., Kathleen S. Hoffman, David E. Doyel, and Frank Ritz 1985 City of Phoenix, Archaeology of the Original Townsite Block 24-East. Publications in Archaeology No. 8. Soil Systems, Inc., Phoenix. Cheek, Annetta 1973 The Evidence for Acculturation in Artifacts: Indians and Non-Indians at San Xavier del Bac, Arizona. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Arizona, Tucson. Ciolek-Torrello, Richard, and Susan Brew 1976 Archaeological Test Excavations at the San Xavier Bicentennial Plaza Site. Archaeological Series No. 102. Arizona State Museum, Tucson. Cioleck-Torrello, Richard, and Mark T. Swanson (editors) 1997 Pithouse, Presidio, and Privy: 1,400 Years of Archaeology and History on Block 180, Tucson, Arizona. Technical Series No. 63. Statistical Research, Inc., Tucson. Clonts, John B. 1983 Some Long Overdue Thoughts on Faunal Analysis. In Forgotten Places and Things: Archaeological Perspectives on American History, edited by Albert E. Ward, pp. 349–354. Contributions to Anthropological Studies No. 3. Center for Anthropological Studies, Albuquerque, New Mexico. Collins, William S. 1996 Cattle Ranching in Arizona. Arizona State Historic Preservation Office, Arizona 50 State Parks Board, Phoenix. Collins, William S., Melanie Sturgeon, and Robert M. Carriker 1993 The United States Military in Arizona, 1846-1945. Arizona State Historic Preservation Office, Arizona State Parks Board, Phoenix. Curriden, Nancy T. 1981 The Lewis-Weber Site: A Tucson Homestead. Publications in Anthropology No. 14. Western Archeological Center, National Park Service, Tucson. Diehl, Allison Cohen, Timothy W. Jones, and J. Homer Thiel 1996 Archaeological Investigations at El Dump, A Mid-Twentieth-Century Dump, and the Embankment Site, Tucson, Arizona. Technical Report No. 96-19. Center for Desert Archaeology, Tucson. Diehl, Michael W., and Allison Cohen Diehl 1996 Archaeological Investigations of the Tucson Pressed Brick Company.Technical Report No. 96-13.Center for Desert Archaeology, Tucson. Diehl, Michael W., Jennifer A. Waters, and J. Homer Thiel 1998 Acculturation and the Composition of the Diet of Tucson’s Overseas Chinese Gardeners at the Turn of the Century. Historical Archaeology 32(4):19–33. Di Peso, Charles C. 1951 The Babocomari Village Site on the Babocomari River, Southeastern Arizona. Amerind Foundation Series No. 5. Amerind Foundation, Dragoon. 1953 The Sobaipuri Indians of the Upper San Pedro River Valley, Southeastern Arizona. Amerind Foundation Series No. 6. Amerind Foundation, Dragoon. 1956 The Upper Pima of San Cayetano del Tumacacori: An Archaeological Reconstruction of the Ootam of the Pimeria Alta. Amerind Foundation Series No. 7. Amerind Foundation, Dragoon. Doelle, William H. 1981 The Gila Pima in the Late Seventeenth Century. In The Protohistoric Period in the North American Southwest, A.D. 1450-1700, edited by D. R. Wilcox and W. B. Masse, pp. 57–70. Anthropological Research Papers No. 24. Arizona State University, Tempe. 1983 Archaeological and Historical Investigations at Nolic, Papago Indian Reservation, Arizona. Anthropological Papers No. 2. Institute for American Research, Tucson. Douglas, Diane L., A. E. Rogge, Karen Turnmire, Melissa Keane, James E. Ayres, Everett J. Bassett, Cindy L. Myers 1994 The Historical Archaeology of Dam Construction Camps in Central Arizona: Volume 2C: Sites at the Other Dams Along the Salt and Verde Rivers. Intermountain Cultural Resource Services Research Paper No. 13. Dames & Moore, Phoenix. Elson, Mark D., and William H. Doelle 1987 Archaeological Assessment of the Mission Road Extension: Testing at AZ BB:13:6 (ASM). Technical Report No. 87-6. Institute for American Research, Tucson. 51 Fenicle, Diane L.,James E. Ayres, Everett J. Bassett, Cindy L. Meyers, A. E. Rogge, Melissa Keane, Diane L. Douglas 1994 The Historical Archaeology of Dam Construction Camps in Central Arizona: Volume 2B: Sites in the New Waddell Dam Area. Intermountain Cultural Resource Services Research Paper No. 12. Dames & Moore, Phoenix. Ferg, Alan 1977 A Probable Chiricahua Apache Burial from Southeastern Arizona. The Kiva 42(3– 4):301–315. 1988 Historical Archaeology at Joseph City, Arizona. Arizona Archaeologist 22. 1994 The Archaeological Recovery of Remnants of an Apache Ceremonial Garment. In Sites in the Roosevelt Dam Area, by J. E. Ayres, A. E. Rogge, M. Keane, D. L. Douglas, E. J. Bassett, D. L. Fenicle, C. L. Myers, B. J. Clark, and K. Turnmire, pp. 439–452.The Historical Archaeology of Dam Construction Camps in Central Arizona, vol. 2A: Intermountain Cultural Resource Services Research Paper No. 11. Dames & Moore, Phoenix. 1995 Excavation of a Protohistoric Western Apache Activity Area at the Eagle Ridge Site Locus D. In The Roosevelt Community Development Study: New Perspectives on Tonto Basin Prehistory, edited by M. D. Elson, M. T. Stark, and D. A. Gregory, pp. 499–512. Anthropological Papers No. 15. Center for Desert Archaeology, Tucson. Western Apache and Yavapai Settlement in the Tonto Basin. In The Roosevelt Community Development Study: New Perspectives on Tonto Basin Prehistory, edited by M. D. Elson, M. T. Stark, and D. A. Gregory, pp. 185–200. Anthropological Papers No. 15. Center for Desert Archaeology, Tucson. 1995 Ferg, Alan (editor) 1987 Western Apache Material Culture: The Goodwin and Guenther Collections. Arizona State Museum and University of Arizona Press, Tucson. Fontana, Bernard L., and J. Cameron Greenleaf 1962 Johnny Ward’s Ranch: A Study in Historical Archaeology. The Kiva 28(1–2):1– 115. Fontana, Bernard L., William J. Robinson, Charles W. Cormack, and Ernest E. Leavitt Jr. 1962 Papago Indian Pottery. University of Washington Press, Seattle. Fortier, Edward M. 1980 Archaeological Excavations at the Stevens House, Tucson, Pima County, Arizona. Manuscript on file, Arizona State Museum, University of Arizona, Tucson. 1980 Archaeological Test Excavations Conducted at 6th Street and Maple Avenue, Tempe, Maricopa County, Arizona. Archaeological Research Services, Tempe. 1981 Archaeological Test Excavations at Sahuaro Ranch, a National Registry Property Located in Glendale, Maricopa County, Arizona. Appendix B. In Historic Structures Report and Historic Preservation Master Plan: The Sahuaro Ranch. Gerald A. Doyle and Associates, Phoenix. 52 Fortier, Edward M., Jeffrey L. Hantman, and Judy Brunson 1981 Archaeological Test Excavations of the Northeast Quarter of Block 24 of the Original Phoenix Townsite, Phoenix, Arizona, (AZ T:12:42) (ASM). Soil Systems, Inc., Phoenix. Fratt, Lee 1981 Tumacacori Plaza Excavation 1979: Historical Archaeology at Tumacacori National Monument Arizona. Publications in Anthropology No. 16. Western Archeological Center, National Park Service, Tucson. Fryman, Jeanne 1979 Archaeological Investigations at Structure A-11 and Associated Use Areas: Fort Verde State Historic Park, Camp Verde, Yavapai County, Arizona. Department of Anthropology, Museum of Northern Arizona, Flagstaff. Gasser, Robert E., Christine K. Robinson, and Cory Dale Breternitz 1991 Archaeology of the Ak-Chin Community West Side Farms Project: Vol. 5. Subsistence Studies and Synthesis and Interpretations. Publications in Archaeology No. 9. Soil Systems, Inc., Phoenix. Gilpin, Dennis 1986 Historic Site Data: Summary and Analysis. In Gallegos Mesa Subsistence: A Set of Explanatory Models for Cultural Resources on Blocks VIII, IX, X, and XI Navajo Indian Irrigation Projects, by L. E. Volger, D. Gilpin, and J. K. Anderson, pp. 591-844. Navajo Papers in Anthropology No. 12. Navajo Nation Cultural Resources Management Program, Window Rock. 1993 Historical Archaeology on the Navajo Indian Irrigation Project. In DÁÁ’ ÁK’EH ITSAA: An Overview of the Cultural Resources of the Navajo Indian Irrigation Project, Northwestern New Mexico, by Lawrence E. Vogler, Kristina Langenfeld, and Dennis Gilpin, pp. 191–281. Navajo Nation Papers in Anthropology No. 29. Navajo Nation Archaeological Department, Window Rock. Gilpin, Dennis, and David A. Philips 1999 The Prehistoric to Historic Transition Period in Arizona, Circa A.D. 1519 to 1692.: A Component of the Arizona Historic Preservation Plan. Arizona State Historic Preservation Office, Arizona State Parks Board, Phoenix. Greenwald, David H. 1988 Investigations of the Baccharis and Extension Arizona Canal: Historical and Prehistoric Land Use Patterns in the Northern Salt River Valley. Research Paper No. 40. Museum of Northern Arizona, Flagstaff. Greenwald, David H., and Richard Ciolek-Torrello (editors) 1988 Archaeological Investigations at the Dutch Canal Ruin, Phoenix, Arizona: Archaeology and History along the Papago Freeway Corridor. Research Paper No. 38. Museum of Northern Arizona, Flagstaff. Gregory, David A. 1975 Fort Bowie National Historic Site Archaeological Pre-stabilization Studies. Archaeological Series No. 88. Arizona State Museum, University of Arizona, Tucson. 53 Gregory, Michael M., et al. 1989 Archaeological Data Recovery at Site AZ I:14:272 (ASM), An Early 20th Century Homestead East of Flagstaff, Coconino County, Arizona. Archaeological Research Services, Inc., Tempe Griffith, Carol A. 1989 A Study of Historic Trade Networks in Tempe, Arizona. 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Williams, Jack S. 1982 The Casa de Elias: A Case Study in Ethnicity and Economics. Manuscript on file, Arizona Historical Society, Tucson. 1986 San Agustín del Tucson: A Vanished Mission Community of the Pimería Alta. The Smoke Signal 47& 48: 112–128. Tucson Corral of the Westerners, Tucson. 1986 The Presidio of Santa Cruz de Terranate: A Forgotten Fortress of Southern Arizona. The Smoke Signal, nos. 47 & 48: 129–148. Tucson Corral of the Westerners, Tucson. 1992 Archaeological Investigations at the Captains’ House at the Presidio of Tubac 1992. Center for Spanish Colonial Archaeology, Mesa. Arizona. Wilson, John P. 1984 Fort Huachuca in the Early Prohibition Era: Monitoring the Removal of Site BG-NGB20, Southern Arizona Auxiliary Airfield, Fort Huachuca, Arizona. Report No. 35. Ball, Ball and Brosamer, Phoenix. Wilson, John P. 1985 Early Piman Agriculture: A New Look. In Southwestern Culture History: Collected Papers in Honor of Albert H. Schroeder, edited by C. H. Lange, pp. 129–137. Collected Papers No. 10. Archaeological Society of New Mexico, Santa Fe. 1988 A Homestead and Its Records. The Kiva 53(4):363–372. 65 Wright, Thomas E. 1993 Keeping the Boys Busy: Archaeological and Documentary Investigations of AR-03-1206-1391, a Civilian Conservation Corps Erosion Control Site in Tonto Basin, Gila County, Arizona, with a Brief Account of CCC Activities on Tonto National Forest Lands and a Suggested Historic Context and Research Issues for CCC Erosion Control Sites on the Tonto National Forest. Report No. 93:81. Archaeological Research Services, Tempe. 66 APPENDIX E Sources for Arizona History in the National Archives and Records Administration In addition to the numerous in-state records sources, the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) is an important repository for historical information related to the myriad activities of the federal government. NARA holds many source materials for Arizona and the Southwest, many of which can be of value to the historical archaeologist. The central repositories for the bulk of this material are found in the National Archives Building on Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington, D.C., and the recently opened facility at College Park, Maryland. For those researching Arizona history, it is more important to visit the regional archives branches of NARA at Laguna Niguel, California, and Denver, Colorado. The latter repositories contain most of the federal records relevant to Arizona. The addresses for these locations are listed elsewhere in this document. Accessing the holdings of NARA is not an overly complex process. However, the assistance of an archivist is usually necessary. Preparation prior to a visit to the archives facility is useful. Listed below are some guides to federal records available at the University of Arizona, Arizona State University, and the Arizona department of Library, Archives and Public Records. Chadwyck, Healey 1990 National Inventory of Documentary Sources in the United States. Teaneck, New Jersey. Friis, Herman 1974 Guide to Cartographic Records in the National Archives. NARA, Washington, D.C. NARA 1994 Select List of Publications of the NARA. NARA, Washington, D.C. 1995 Guide to Federal Records in the National Archives of the United States. NARA, Washington, D.C. 1996 National Archives Microfilm Resources for Research: A Comprehensive Catalog. Rev. ed. NARA, Washington, D.C. Szucs, Loretto, and Sandra Luebking 1988 The Archives: A Guide to the National Archives Field Branches. Ancestry Publishing, Salt Lake City, Utah. Tutorow, Norman 1970 Preliminary Inventory of the Records of the Arizona Territorial Court in the Los Angeles Federal Record Cemter. NARA, Los Angeles. 67