Differences in the Health Status Among Ethnic Groups Arizona, 2001 Public Health Services Bureau of Public Health Statistics Office of Epidemiology and Statistics ~ Leadership for a Healthy Arizona ~ Jane Dee Hull, Governor State of Arizona Catherine R. Eden, Director Arizona Department of Health Services OFFICE OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND STATISTICS BUREAU OF PUBLIC HEALTH STATISTICS ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH SERVICES 2700 North 3rd Street, Room 4075, Phoenix, Arizona 85004 Phone: 602/542-1216; FAX: 602/542-2940 http://www.hs.state.az.us/plan/ This publication can be made available in alternative format. Please contact the Office of Epidemiology and Statistics at 602/542-1216 (voice) or call 1-800-367-8939 (TDD). The Arizona Department of Health Services is an Equal Employment Opportunity Agency. Permission to quote from or reproduce materials from this publication is granted when due acknowledgment is made. Differences in the Health Status Among Ethnic Groups, Arizona, 2001 BY CHRISTOPHER K. MRELA, PH.D., ASSISTANT REGISTRAR OF VITAL STATISTICS TRENTHAM COE, SENIOR RESEARCH DATA ANALYST December 2002 Acknowledgment Special thanks are extended to Roberta Durfee of the Bureau of Public Health Statistics for proofreading the typescript. Differences in the Health Status Among Ethnic Groups, Arizona, 2001 Table of Contents Purpose................................................................................................................................. 1 Demographic Profile of Arizona’s Ethnic Diversity ................................................................ 2 Methods ................................................................................................................................ 3 Key Findings ......................................................................................................................... 4 Risk Profiles ...................................................................................................................... 5 Risk Profile of Asians ................................................................................................. 6 Risk Profile of White non-Hispanics ........................................................................... 7 Risk Profile of Hispanics ............................................................................................ 8 Risk Profile of American Indians ................................................................................ 9 Risk Profile of Blacks or African Americans.............................................................. 10 COMPARATIVE MEASURES OF HEALTH STATUS BY RACE/ETHNICITY IN 2001.................... 11 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Teen Pregnancies .................................................................................................. 13 Maternal Lifestyle and Health Characteristics ....................................................... 19 Utilization of Prenatal Care Services ..................................................................... 31 Newborn's Health.................................................................................................. 37 Mortality from Natural Causes............................................................................... 51 Mortality from Injuries.......................................................................................... 73 Age-Specific Mortality ........................................................................................... 85 Patterns of Premature Mortality............................................................................ 91 The Incidence of Reportable Diseases................................................................... 97 RATES AND RATIOS FOR 2001 .......................................................................................... 105 SCORES IN 2001 ............................................................................................................... 113 RANKING ORDER IN 2001 ................................................................................................. 121 DATA SOURCES AND DEFINITIONS ................................................................................... 129 Sources of Data................................................................................................................. 131 Definitions ........................................................................................................................ 131 Terms Related to Mortality................................................................................................ 136 POPULATION DENOMINATORS.......................................................................................... 137 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 PURPOSE The report Differences in the Health Status Among Ethnic Groups, Arizona, 2001 is the update* of population-level data about differences in the relative health of five ethnic groups residing in Arizona: White non-Hispanics, Hispanics, Blacks (or African-Americans), American Indians and Asians (Asian or Pacific Islanders including Hawaiians). The report compares the relative standing of ethnic groups on 70 indicators or measures of health status. The indicators are presented in a series of simple, self-explanatory bar charts and organized around 9 major subject areas: (1) TEEN PREGNANCIES, (2) MATERNAL LIFESTYLE AND HEALTH CHARACTERISTICS, (3) UTILIZATION OF PRENATAL CARE SERVICES, (4) NEWBORN'S HEALTH, (5) MORTALITY FROM NATURAL CAUSES (CHRONIC OR INFECTIOUS DISEASES), (6) MORTALITY FROM INJURIES, (7) AGE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY, (8) PATTERNS OF PREMATURE MORTALITY and (9) THE INCIDENCE OF REPORTABLE DISEASES. Each bar chart visually describes how the race/ethnic group compares to other groups and the overall State level for each indicator. These graphic representations are found in Comparative Measures of Health Status by Race/Ethnicity in 2001 while the tabulated values also are available in the Rates and Ratios for 2001 section of the report. The report also provides comparative risk profiles, as well as scores and rankings of ethnic groups on each of the 70 health status measures. The comparisons of rates and ratios, as well as scores and rankings are intended to give some sense of the inequalities in the health status among ethnic groups in our State and to stimulate viable initiatives to improve the health of all Arizonans. ____________________________________ * Prior editions of this report were published for the 1995, 1997, and 1999 data years. This report uses the same methodology as the 1997 and 1999 editions, so that average scores and average ranks (but not mortality rates) are directly comparable. DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF ARIZONA'S ETHNIC DIVERSITY The racial and ethnic composition of the population has important consequences for the State’s health status since many measures of disease and disability differ significantly by race and ethnicity. Among the 5,307,331 Arizona residents in 2001, 3,387,025 (63.8 percent) were White non-Hispanic, 1,340,240 (25.3 percent) were Hispanic, and 264,690 (4.4 percent) were American Indian. Blacks accounted for 164,344 or 3.1 percent of the State’s population. Asians, the smallest race group, represented 1.9 percent of the total population (102,377 people). Approximately 2 percent of Arizonans were unable to identify with any of these groups The White non-Hispanic population increased by 25.6 percent from 1990 to 2000, while Arizona saw a 75.5 percent increase in its minority population (See p.127: Population Denominators, Population by Race/Ethnic Group: Arizona Residents, 1990, 2000 and 2001). The fastest growing ethnic minority groups in Arizona between 1990 and 2000 were Hispanic (an increase of 88.2 percent), followed by Asian (79.9 percent), Black (43.7 percent) and American Indian (25.7 percent). Compared with the White non-Hispanics, the racial/ethnic minority groups have had greater percentages of people younger than 25 years (50.2 vs. 29.0 percent). In contrast, people aged 65 years and older accounted for 17.7 percent of White non-Hispanics, but only 4.8 percent of all ethnic minority groups combined: POPULATION BY AGE GROUP IN 2001 (in thousands): All groups White nonHispanic Other than White non-Hispanic* Black or American African Indian American Total Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander < 25 years 1945.2 980.9 964.3 695.6 71.5 135.5 36.1 Percent 36.7% 29.0% 50.2% 51.9% 43.5% 51.2 35.3% 2671.2 1806.9 864.3 587.2 82.8 114.8 59.8 50.3% 53.3% 45.0% 43.8% 50.4% 43.4% 58.4% 25-64 years Percent 65+ years Percent Total, all ages** 690.0 599.2 91.7 57.4 10.0 14.4 6.5 13.0% 17.7% 4.8% 4.3% 6.1% 5.4% 6.3% 5307.3 3387.0 1920.3 1340.2 164.3 264.7 102.4 Percent 100% 100.0% 100.0% 100.% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Source: In order to obtain the 2001 population denominators, the 2000 percentages of population breakdowns (or census shares) by race/ethnicity, age group and gender were applied to total state population estimates released by the Bureau of the Census on 4/24/2002 (http://eire.census.gov/popest/estimate.php). The total for all groups includes racial/ethnic groups other than White non-Hispanic, Hispanic, Black, American Indian and Asian Similar to the differences in the age composition is the contrasting pattern of proportional mortality by age group. In 2001, the elderly (65 years and older) comprised 77.5 percent of the total mortality among White non-Hispanics, compared to 39.9 percent among American Indians, 48.5 percent among Blacks, 50.7 percent among Hispanics, and 62.3 percent among Asians. One out of fifty White nonHispanics who died in 2001 was less than 25 years old (1.9 percent). In contrast, persons younger than 25 years of age accounted for one out of every seven (13.3 percent) deaths among Arizona ethnic minorities: MORTALITY BY AGE GROUP IN 2001: All groups White nonHispanic Other than White non-Hispanic * Black or American Hispanic African Indian American Total Asian or Pacific Islander < 25 years 1635 649 986 618 110 232 22 Percent 4.0% 1.9% 13.3% 14.0% 10.5% 14.9% 7.5% 25-64 years Percent 65+ years Percent Total, all ages** Percent 9668 6866 2802 1553 428 706 88 23.7% 20.5% 37.7% 35.2% 41.0% 45.2% 30.1% 29504 25904 3600 2240 507 624 182 72.3% 77.5% 48.5 50.8% 48.5% 39.9% 62.3% 40851 33419 7,432 4411 1045 1562 292 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% *Includes other groups than Hispanic, Black, American Indian and Asian. **Includes unknown age. Source: the 2001 death certificate file for Arizona residents 2 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 METHODS The 70 indicators presented in this report are individual measures of the various dimensions or facets of health status. By calculating overall scores and rankings it is possible to provide a summary measure representing a relative standing of each ethnic group on a broad range of health status issues. Scores indicate the percentage an ethnic group is above or below the statewide average. Each score is calculated as follows: THE VALUE OF A RATE OR RATIO IN A SPECIFIED GROUP SCORE = - 1.0 X 100 THE AVERAGE VALUE OF A RATE OR RATIO FOR THE STATE Scores may have positive (+) or negative (-) values. The above formula produces a score of 0.0 for a group with the same value as the statewide average. A negative score indicates better than average standing on an indicator. A positive score indicates worse than average standing on an indicator. It is important to note that the unit of analysis in this report is the racial/ethnic group. The aggregate measures of health status (such as teen pregnancy rate, infant mortality rate, mortality rate for druginduced deaths or the incidence of low-birthweight, etc.) apply to groups and not individuals. The rates and ratios presented in sections 1-4 and 7-9 of Comparative Measures of Health Status by Race/Ethnicity and Rates and Ratios for 2001 are directly comparable to the previously published rates and ratios for 1995, 1997, and 1999. However, the cause-specific mortality rates in section 5 and section 6 CANNOT BE compared to cause-specific mortality rates published in prior editions of this report. This is because beginning with the 2000 data year in Arizona (1999 nationally) two major changes have occurred that affect the computation of mortality rates and analyses of mortality data over time. First, a new revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), used to classify causes of death, was implemented. The Tenth Revision (ICD-10) has replaced the Ninth Revision (ICD-9), which was in effect since 1979. Second, a new population standard for the age adjustment of mortality rates has replaced the standard based on the 1940 population and used since 1943. The new set of age-adjustment weights uses the projected year 2000 U.S. population as a standard. Both changes have profound effects on the comparability of mortality data and continuity in statistical trends. Age-adjusted rates can only be compared to other age-adjusted rates that use the same population standard. All age-adjusted mortality rates in section 5 and section 6 of this report are based on the (new) 2000 standard, and they cannot be compared to rates using the 1940 standard population. The age-adjusted rates based on the year 2000 standard are different because the year 2000 population standard, which has an older age structure, gives more weight than the 1940 standard to death rates at older ages where mortality is higher. Breaks in comparability of mortality statistics effective with deaths occurring in 2000 also result from the implementation of ICD-10. ICD-10 is far more detailed than ICD-9, with about 8,000 categories compared with about 5,000 categories. ICD-10 uses alphanumeric codes compared with numeric codes in ICD-9. Some of the coding rules and rules for selecting the underlying cause of death have been changed. Moreover, cause-of-death titles have been changed and the cause-of-death categories regrouped. For example, the ICD-9 category “chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD)” was replaced by the ICD-10 category “chronic lower respiratory diseases (CLRD)”. Unlike COPD, CLRD excludes allergic alveolitis and pneumonitis due to inhaled organic dust. Conversely, over 55 percent more deaths are classified to Alzheimer’s disease in ICD-10 than ICD-9. Almost all of this increase comes from deaths classified in ICD-9 as Presenile dementia but reclassified in ICD-10 to Alzheimer’s disease. The statistical consequences of the new standard and of the new revision of the ICD were discussed in greater detail in the year 2000 edition of the Arizona Health Status and Vital Statistics report (see www.hs.state.az.us/plan/2000ahs/pdf/093_094text2.pdf) 3 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 KEY FINDINGS In 2001, as in 1999 and 1997, Arizona's Asian residents ranked best among ethnic groups in the overall health status, followed by White non-Hispanics, Hispanics, American Indians, and Blacks (Figure A). Figure A. Number of Times Each Group Ranked Better Than Average, Average, and Worse Than Average on 70 Indicators, Arizona, 2001 Asian 56 White non-Hispanic 41 Hispanic 15 20 American Indian Black 9 17 4 5 14 27 23 13 40 13 53 Better than average (ranks 1 or 2) Average (rank 3) Worse than average (ranks 4 or 5) The average scores based on all 70 measurements ranged from –30.2 for Asians to 87.0 for Blacks (Figure B). The scores for White non-Hispanics (-9.8) and Hispanics (8.2) differed little from the statewide average. The score of 59.9 for American Indians was the second worst among the racial/ethnic groups in Arizona. Figue B. Average Scores in 2001 (A score is a percent above or below the average for all Arizona residents. A negative score indicates better than average standing on an indicator.) Asian -30.2 White non-Hispanic -9.8 Hispanic 8.2 American Indian 59.9 Black 87.0 -100.0 -80.0 -60.0 -40.0 BETTER THAN AVERAGE -20.0 0.0 20.0 AVERAGE FOR ALL ARIZONANS 4 40.0 60.0 80.0 WORST THAN AVERAGE 100.0 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 ASIANS Average rank: 1.8* Average score: -30.2** Many factors contributed to Asians' No.1 relative health ranking. They ranked best or second best among ethnic groups on 56 of 70 indicators, including measures of maternal lifestyle and health, cause-and-age-specific mortality and in low incidence of reportable diseases. Asians ranked best on measures of newborn’s health and second best in utilization of prenatal care services. WHITE NON-HISPANICS Average rank: 2.5 Average score: -9.8 White non-Hispanics ranked second best in the relative healthiness among ethnic groups in Arizona. They ranked No.1 or No.2 on 41 of 70 measures of health, including low teen pregnancy rates, high utilization of prenatal care and low premature mortality. However, in the use of tobacco among women giving birth and in mortality rates for chronic lower respiratory diseases and Alzheimer’s disease, White non-Hispanics ranked worst among ethnic groups. HISPANICS Average rank: 3.0 Average score: +8.2 In 2001, as in 1999 and 1997, Hispanics achieved a 3rd place health ranking, with a score only slightly higher than that of White non-Hispanics. Hispanics ranked in the middle of five groups on 27 of 70 measures of health. They ranked worse than average in poor utilization of early prenatal care, high teen pregnancy rates and high premature mortality. They ranked better than average with low suicide mortality rate, low alcohol and tobacco use among women giving birth, low incidence of birth defects and preterm births. AMERICAN INDIANS Average rank: 3.6 Average score: +69.9 In 2001, American Indians in Arizona had the second highest average score among all groups and second lowest rank of overall health status. They ranked 5th or 4th 40 times on 70 indicators (Figure A), and they exceeded the statewide averages by a wider margin than any other group except Blacks (Figure B). American Indians ranked poorly on measures of maternal lifestyle and health as well as in utilization of prenatal care. High infant mortality, alcoholism, diabetes, motor vehicle accidents and mortality from unintentional injuries contributed to the premature death rate. This resulted in the second lowest ranking of American Indians in the relative healthiness among racial and ethnic groups in Arizona. BLACKS Average rank: 4.1 Average score: +87.0 Arizona Black residents had the lowest rank of overall health status because they ranked 5th or 4th among the five ethnic groups on 53 of 70 measures (see Figure A). High infant mortality rate, high ratios of low birthweight and very low birthweight births, high incidence of many reportable diseases, high mortality rates for almost all of the leading causes of death and high rate of premature death all lowered the ranking for this population group. RISK PROFILES Risk profiles presented on the following pages summarize how each race/ethnic group compares to the State average for the entire set of measures of health status. These profiles use scores, which were developed to describe the level of each of the 70 measures for each race/ethnic group in comparison to the average level for all groups. The profiles visually describe the better-than-average and worse than-average clusters of health status characteristics for each race/ethnic group. __________ *The average rank based on all 70 measurements (the sum of the ranks divided by 70 measurements. Ranks range between 1 = the highest rank of health indicators and 5 = the lowest rank of health indicators). See section RATES AND RATIOS FOR 2001, p.95. ** The average score based on all 70 measurements (the sum of all scores divided by 70 measurements). See section SCORES IN 2001, p.101. 5 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Risk Profile of Asians (percent above or below the State mean) BETTER THAN AVERAGE WORSE THAN AVERAGE 1-2. Pregnancies, females 14 and younger 4-8. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) 4-9. Mortality from low-birthweight 5-9. Mortality from cervical cancer 9-1. Incidence of early syphilis 6-6. Drug-induced deaths 6-7. Alcohol-induced deaths 9-2. Incidence of gonorrhea 5-14. Mortality from liver disease and cirrhosis 5-15. Mortality from HIV disease 7-3. Mortality of young adults 20-44 years 2-2. Tobacco use during pregnancy 9-3. Incidence of chlamydia 2-1. Unmarried mothers 2-3. Alcohol use during pregnancy 5-16. Mortality from septicemia 5-5. Mortality from lower respiratory diseases 7-4. Mortality of middle-aged adults 45-64 years 2-4. Chronic hypertension during pregnancy 6-2.Mortality from motor vehicle-related injuries 1-4. Pregnancies, females 18-19 years old 1-3. Pregnancies, females 15-17 years old 4-10. Neonatal mortality 5-8. Mortality from breast cancer 5-3. Mortality from coronary heart disease 4-7. Infant mortality 9-5. Incidence of AIDS 3-2. Fewer than five prenatal visits 6-9. Assault (homicide) 1-1. Pregnancies, females 19 and younger 5-2. Mortality from diseases of the heart 3-3. No prenatal care 6-5. Mortality from injury by firearms 4-11. Postneonatal mortality 9-4. Incidence of genital herpes 5-10. Mortality from colorectal cancer 6-1. Mortality from unintentional injuries 5-17. Mortality from Alzheimer's disease 5-12. Mortality from influenza and pneumonia 5-1. Mortality from cardiovascular disease 2-8. Pregnancy-associated hypertension 5-18. Mortality from nephritis (kidney disease) 3-1. No care in the 1st trimester 5-20. Total mortality from all causes 7-2. Mortality of adolescents 15-19 years 5-13. Mortality from diabetes 6-8. Intentional self-harm (suicide) 4-5. Very low-birthweight (<1,500 grams) 2-10. Weight gain of less than 21 pounds 5-6. Mortality from cancer 2-9. Genital herpes during pregnancy 6-3. Mortality from fall-related injuries 5-7. Mortality from lung cancer 4-2. Incidence of newborn intensive care 4-3. Preterm births (< 37 weeks) 5-11. Mortality from prostate cancer 2-6. Anemia during pregnancy 4-1. Incidence of hyaline membrane disease 4-6. Incidence of congenital anomalies 5-4. Mortality from cerebrovascular disease 8-2. Average age at death among males 4-4. Low-birthweight (<2,500 grams) 8-1. Average age at death from all causes 7-1. Mortality of children 1-14 years 8-3. Average age at death among females 8-4. Death before expected years of life reached 2-5. Dysfunctional labor 2-7. Diabetes during pregnancy 5-19. Mortality from primary hypertension 6-4. Drowning mortality -100.0 -100.0 -100.0 -100.0 -100.0 -92.0 -86.9 -85.4 -67.5 -64.5 -61.7 -60.3 -58.0 -56.9 -55.6 -55.6 -54.4 -50.6 -50.0 -50.0 -49.6 -47.2 -46.7 -46.2 -45.9 -44.9 -44.3 -43.8 -43.7 -43.6 -42.4 -42.1 -41.9 -41.7 -38.0 -36.5 -35.8 -35.1 -31.5 -31.1 -30.8 -30.0 -29.4 -29.1 -28.5 -25.6 -18.3 -18.2 -13.5 -13.1 -12.5 -6.7 -6.3 -1.8 -1.0 -0.4 -750.0 -500.0 -250.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.1 9.3 10.0 10.3 10.8 12.0 37.1 41.7 77.3 100.0 150.0 0.0 AVERAGE FOR ALL RESIDENTS 6 250.0 500.0 750.0 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Risk Profile of White non-Hispanics (percent above or below the State mean) BETTER THAN AVERAGE WORSE THAN AVERAGE 9-1. Incidence of early syphilis 3-3. No prenatal care 1-2. Pregnancies, females 14 and younger 9-3. Incidence of chlamydia 9-2. Incidence of gonorrhea 1-3. Pregnancies, females 15-17 years old 6-9. Assault (homicide) 3-1. No care in the 1st trimester 1-1. Pregnancies, females 19 and younger 2-1. Unmarried mothers 1-4. Pregnancies, females 18-19 years old 4-9. Mortality from low-birthweight 4-11. Postneonatal mortality 5-13. Mortality from diabetes 6-2.Mortality from motor vehicle-related injuries 9-4. Incidence of genital herpes 6-7. Alcohol-induced deaths 7-2. Mortality of adolescents 15-19 years 2-7. Diabetes during pregnancy 5-18. Mortality from nephritis (kidney disease) 4-7. Infant mortality 7-1. Mortality of children 1-14 years 5-16. Mortality from septicemia 5-15. Mortality from HIV disease 5-14. Mortality from liver disease and cirrhosis 4-10. Neonatal mortality 5-9. Mortality from cervical cancer 6-5. Mortality from injury by firearms 8-4. Death before expected years of life reached 4-5. Very low-birthweight (<1,500 grams) 6-1. Mortality from unintentional injuries 9-5. Incidence of AIDS 7-3. Mortality of young adults 20-44 years 5-19. Mortality from primary hypertension 2-6. Anemia during pregnancy 3-2. Fewer than five prenatal visits 8-2. Average age at death among males 4-4. Low-birthweight (<2,500 grams) 8-1. Average age at death from all causes 5-4. Mortality from cerebrovascular disease 8-3. Average age at death among females 5-12. Mortality from influenza and pneumonia 2-10. Weight gain of less than 21 pounds 5-20. Total mortality from all causes 5-11. Mortality from prostate cancer 5-1. Mortality from cardiovascular disease 2-4. Chronic hypertension during pregnancy 4-8. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) 6-3. Mortality from fall-related injuries 7-4. Mortality of middle-aged adults 45-64 years 5-2. Mortality from diseases of the heart 5-3. Mortality from coronary heart disease 5-10. Mortality from colorectal cancer 4-3. Preterm births (< 37 weeks) 5-6. Mortality from cancer 4-2. Incidence of newborn intensive care 5-17. Mortality from Alzheimer's disease 5-8. Mortality from breast cancer 5-7. Mortality from lung cancer 4-6. Incidence of congenital anomalies 5-5. Mortality from lower respiratory diseases 6-6. Drug-induced deaths 2-3. Alcohol use during pregnancy 6-8. Intentional self-harm (suicide) 6-4. Drowning mortality 2-5. Dysfunctional labor 2-8. Pregnancy-associated hypertension 4-1. Incidence of hyaline membrane disease 2-2. Tobacco use during pregnancy 2-9. Genital herpes during pregnancy -69.0 -68.4 -61.5 -56.9 -56.2 -51.9 -50.6 -43.7 -41.4 -37.8 -36.7 -33.3 -29.2 -22.6 -21.5 -19.9 -19.0 -18.9 -18.2 -17.5 -17.4 -17.0 -16.7 -16.1 -13.8 -11.1 -10.7 -10.3 -9.4 -9.1 -8.8 -8.6 -8.2 -6.8 -6.3 -5.9 -4.9 -4.3 -4.2 -3.1 -3.1 -2.7 -1.9 -1.7 -0.8 -0.6 -750.0 -500.0 -250.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.3 1.2 2.0 2.3 3.5 4.4 4.7 7.0 7.7 8.7 9.7 11.1 11.3 12.5 16.7 19.2 33.3 61.8 62.5 0.0 AVERAGE FOR ALL RESIDENTS 7 250.0 500.0 750.0 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Risk Profile of Hispanics (percent above or below the State mean) BETTER THAN AVERAGE WORSE THAN AVERAGE 2-2. Tobacco use during pregnancy 2-9. Genital herpes during pregnancy 5-5. Mortality from lower respiratory diseases 2-4. Chronic hypertension during pregnancy 2-5. Dysfunctional labor 4-8. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) 6-8. Intentional self-harm (suicide) 2-3. Alcohol use during pregnancy 2-6. Anemia during pregnancy 5-17. Mortality from Alzheimer's disease 2-8. Pregnancy-associated hypertension 5-7. Mortality from lung cancer 4-1. Incidence of hyaline membrane disease 5-8. Mortality from breast cancer 6-4. Drowning mortality 6-6. Drug-induced deaths 4-6. Incidence of congenital anomalies 7-4. Mortality of middle-aged adults 45-64 years 6-3. Mortality from fall-related injuries 9-5. Incidence of AIDS 2-7. Diabetes during pregnancy 4-5. Very low-birthweight (<1,500 grams) 7-1. Mortality of children 1-14 years 4-11. Postneonatal mortality 5-6. Mortality from cancer 7-3. Mortality of young adults 20-44 years 4-2. Incidence of newborn intensive care 4-3. Preterm births (< 37 weeks) 7-2. Mortality of adolescents 15-19 years 4-4. Low-birthweight (<2,500 grams) 4-7. Infant mortality 6-1. Mortality from unintentional injuries 5-10. Mortality from colorectal cancer 5-20. Total mortality from all causes 4-10. Neonatal mortality 6-5. Mortality from injury by firearms 5-2. Mortality from diseases of the heart 5-15. Mortality from HIV disease 5-1. Mortality from cardiovascular disease 6-2.Mortality from motor vehicle-related injuries 5-3. Mortality from coronary heart disease 9-4. Incidence of genital herpes 5-11. Mortality from prostate cancer 6-7. Alcohol-induced deaths 2-10. Weight gain of less than 21 pounds 8-3. Average age at death among females 5-4. Mortality from cerebrovascular disease 8-1. Average age at death from all causes 5-12. Mortality from influenza and pneumonia 8-2. Average age at death among males 4-9. Mortality from low-birthweight 2-1. Unmarried mothers 9-2. Incidence of gonorrhea 5-9. Mortality from cervical cancer 8-4. Death before expected years of life reached 5-14. Mortality from liver disease and cirrhosis 3-1. No care in the 1st trimester 5-19. Mortality from primary hypertension 5-16. Mortality from septicemia 3-2. Fewer than five prenatal visits 1-4. Pregnancies, females 18-19 years old 1-1. Pregnancies, females 19 and younger 3-3. No prenatal care 9-3. Incidence of chlamydia 6-9. Assault (homicide) 1-3. Pregnancies, females 15-17 years old 5-18. Mortality from nephritis (kidney disease) 1-2. Pregnancies, females 14 and younger 9-1. Incidence of early syphilis 5-13. Mortality from diabetes -64.7 -62.5 -62.3 -50.0 -50.0 -50.0 -48.7 -44.4 -37.5 -34.7 -34.6 -34.4 -33.3 -25.8 -18.8 -16.8 -15.4 -13.6 -12.4 -10.0 -9.1 -9.1 -8.7 -8.3 -8.0 -6.8 -5.3 -5.1 -4.5 -4.3 -2.9 -2.1 -0.6 -0.5 -750.0 -500.0 -250.0 0.0 1.9 2.2 3.2 5.3 5.8 7.0 7.7 8.2 8.3 13.0 15.5 16.1 18.0 19.2 19.3 22.2 29.4 34.9 39.3 39.6 41.5 41.6 47.5 48.6 54.7 55.5 64.2 68.4 72.5 78.2 84.5 88.3 92.3 97.6 115.6 0.0 AVERAGE FOR ALL RESIDENTS 8 250.0 500.0 750.0 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Risk Profile of American Indians (percent above or below the State mean) BETTER THAN AVERAGE WORSE THAN AVERAGE 5-7. Mortality from lung cancer 2-9. Genital herpes during pregnancy 5-10. Mortality from colorectal cancer 4-9. Mortality from low-birthweight 5-8. Mortality from breast cancer 5-17. Mortality from Alzheimer's disease 5-5. Mortality from lower respiratory diseases 5-11. Mortality from prostate cancer 5-19. Mortality from primary hypertension 2-2. Tobacco use during pregnancy 5-6. Mortality from cancer 6-4. Drowning mortality 6-5. Mortality from injury by firearms 5-3. Mortality from coronary heart disease 4-2. Incidence of newborn intensive care 6-6. Drug-induced deaths 5-1. Mortality from cardiovascular disease 5-2. Mortality from diseases of the heart 4-5. Very low-birthweight (<1,500 grams) 4-10. Neonatal mortality 5-4. Mortality from cerebrovascular disease 9-5. Incidence of AIDS 3-3. No prenatal care 4-8. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) 1-3. Pregnancies, females 15-17 years old 1-1. Pregnancies, females 19 and younger 4-3. Preterm births (< 37 weeks) 4-4. Low-birthweight (<2,500 grams) 1-2. Pregnancies, females 14 and younger 1-4. Pregnancies, females 18-19 years old 8-3. Average age at death among females 8-1. Average age at death from all causes 8-2. Average age at death among males 9-4. Incidence of genital herpes 6-3. Mortality from fall-related injuries 5-20. Total mortality from all causes 4-1. Incidence of hyaline membrane disease 6-8. Intentional self-harm (suicide) 3-1. No care in the 1st trimester 4-6. Incidence of congenital anomalies 4-7. Infant mortality 8-4. Death before expected years of life reached 7-4. Mortality of middle-aged adults 45-64 years 2-10. Weight gain of less than 21 pounds 9-2. Incidence of gonorrhea 5-15. Mortality from HIV disease 2-1. Unmarried mothers 9-1. Incidence of early syphilis 3-2. Fewer than five prenatal visits 5-9. Mortality from cervical cancer 5-12. Mortality from influenza and pneumonia 6-9. Assault (homicide) 2-8. Pregnancy-associated hypertension 7-3. Mortality of young adults 20-44 years 6-1. Mortality from unintentional injuries 7-1. Mortality of children 1-14 years 2-5. Dysfunctional labor 9-3. Incidence of chlamydia 4-11. Postneonatal mortality 5-18. Mortality from nephritis (kidney disease) 2-7. Diabetes during pregnancy 2-3. Alcohol use during pregnancy 5-16. Mortality from septicemia 7-2. Mortality of adolescents 15-19 years 5-14. Mortality from liver disease and cirrhosis 2-4. Chronic hypertension during pregnancy 5-13. Mortality from diabetes 6-2.Mortality from motor vehicle-related injuries 2-6. Anemia during pregnancy 6-7. Alcohol-induced deaths -78.0 -62.5 -56.9 -55.6 -50.4 -43.6 -42.9 -42.4 -42.4 -41.2 -28.1 -25.0 -23.9 -22.0 -19.3 -17.7 -12.4 -11.9 -9.1 -8.9 -7.1 -2.9 -750.0 -500.0 -250.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 1.9 2.0 4.3 7.7 17.8 20.0 23.7 26.2 26.2 27.0 27.7 33.3 33.9 44.5 46.2 55.1 55.1 55.3 55.7 56.3 77.4 77.9 79.8 81.2 92.9 96.3 97.7 119.2 135.9 141.8 146.5 150.0 173.3 175.0 179.2 181.8 188.9 202.8 206.2 217.9 225.0 265.8 267.4 275.0 0.0 AVERAGE FOR ALL RESIDENTS 9 250.0 394.0 500.0 750.0 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Risk Profile of Blacks or African Americans (percent above or below the State mean) BETTER THAN AVERAGE WORSE THAN AVERAGE 5-12. Mortality from influenza and pneumonia 6-8. Intentional self-harm (suicide) 5-5. Mortality from lower respiratory diseases 2-7. Diabetes during pregnancy 3-3. No prenatal care 7-2. Mortality of adolescents 15-19 years 2-8. Pregnancy-associated hypertension 6-4. Drowning mortality 6-7. Alcohol-induced deaths 5-14. Mortality from liver disease and cirrhosis 3-2. Fewer than five prenatal visits 5-17. Mortality from Alzheimer's disease 6-3. Mortality from fall-related injuries 2-5. Dysfunctional labor 2-6. Anemia during pregnancy 3-1. No care in the 1st trimester 4-6. Incidence of congenital anomalies 6-2.Mortality from motor vehicle-related injuries 6-1. Mortality from unintentional injuries 2-10. Weight gain of less than 21 pounds 8-3. Average age at death among females 8-1. Average age at death from all causes 8-2. Average age at death among males 6-6. Drug-induced deaths 5-9. Mortality from cervical cancer 5-7. Mortality from lung cancer 1-1. Pregnancies, females 19 and younger 5-6. Mortality from cancer 1-4. Pregnancies, females 18-19 years old 5-3. Mortality from coronary heart disease 5-20. Total mortality from all causes 1-3. Pregnancies, females 15-17 years old 5-2. Mortality from diseases of the heart 8-4. Death before expected years of life reached 5-1. Mortality from cardiovascular disease 4-3. Preterm births (< 37 weeks) 2-9. Genital herpes during pregnancy 7-1. Mortality of children 1-14 years 2-2. Tobacco use during pregnancy 7-4. Mortality of middle-aged adults 45-64 years 4-2. Incidence of newborn intensive care 7-3. Mortality of young adults 20-44 years 2-1. Unmarried mothers 6-5. Mortality from injury by firearms 5-10. Mortality from colorectal cancer 4-1. Incidence of hyaline membrane disease 5-4. Mortality from cerebrovascular disease 1-2. Pregnancies, females 14 and younger 2-4. Chronic hypertension during pregnancy 2-3. Alcohol use during pregnancy 5-11. Mortality from prostate cancer 5-16. Mortality from septicemia 4-4. Low-birthweight (<2,500 grams) 5-18. Mortality from nephritis (kidney disease) 9-4. Incidence of genital herpes 5-19. Mortality from primary hypertension 5-8. Mortality from breast cancer 4-5. Very low-birthweight (<1,500 grams) 6-9. Assault (homicide) 9-3. Incidence of chlamydia 5-13. Mortality from diabetes 4-11. Postneonatal mortality 4-7. Infant mortality 4-10. Neonatal mortality 5-15. Mortality from HIV disease 9-5. Incidence of AIDS 4-9. Mortality from low-birthweight 9-1. Incidence of early syphilis 4-8. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) 9-2. Incidence of gonorrhea -32.4 -20.0 -19.2 -18.2 -15.8 -15.5 -7.7 -6.3 -6.0 -4.9 -4.7 -4.4 -1.1 -750.0 -500.0 -250.0 0.0 6.3 6.9 7.7 11.0 12.9 15.1 15.7 17.0 18.1 22.1 25.0 25.2 25.3 25.9 29.3 31.9 32.8 33.1 35.6 43.1 45.2 49.5 50.0 50.0 57.4 57.6 57.9 58.1 62.9 63.2 64.1 66.7 66.9 69.2 75.0 77.8 85.2 88.9 95.7 95.8 95.9 133.9 136.4 145.5 155.2 179.8 179.9 220.8 229.0 233.3 261.3 320.0 344.4 0.0 AVERAGE FOR ALL RESIDENTS 10 250.0 523.8 500.0 625.0 655.8 750.0 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 COMPARATIVE MEASURES OF HEALTH STATUS BY RACE/ETHNICITY IN 2001 11 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 1. Teen Pregnancies Pregnancies Among Females 19 and Younger Pregnancies Among Females 14 and Younger Pregnancies Among Females 15-17 Years Old Pregnancies Among Females 18-19 Years Old 13 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Pregnancies Among Females Aged 19 and Younger 1-1 59.1 Hispanic 45.1 Black American Indian 36.7 ALL ARIZONANS 36.0 21.1 White non-Hispanic 20.3 Asian 0.0 13.0 26.0 39.0 52.0 65.0 Number of pregnancies per 1,000 females aged 19 or younger COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 1-1 PREGNANCIES AMONG FEMALES 19 Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 All groups 39.5 36.0 -8.9 OR YOUNGER Rate per 1,000 females by race/ethnicity: White Black or American nonHispanic African Indian Hispanic American 25.2 60.9 51.9 41.3 21.1 59.1 45.1 36.7 -16.3 -3.0 15 -13.1 -11.1 Asian or Pacific Islander 21.3 20.3 -4.7 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Pregnancies Among Females 14 and Younger 1-2 2.5 Hispanic 2.2 Black 1.4 American Indian 1.3 ALL ARIZONANS 0.5 Asian 0.0 White non-Hispanic 0.0 0.6 1.2 1.8 2.4 3.0 Number of pregnancies per 1,000 females 10-14 years old COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 1-2 PREGNANCIES AMONG FEMALES 14 Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 All groups 1.5 1.3 -13.3 AND YOUNGER Rate per 1,000 females by race/ethnicity: White Black or American Hispanic nonAfrican Indian Hispanic American 0.7 2.7 2.4 1.6 0.5 2.5 2.2 1.4 -28.6 -7.4 16 -8.3 -12.5 Asian or Pacific Islander 0.3 0.0 -100.0 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 1-3 Pregnancies Among Females 15-17 Years Old 79.7 Hispanic 57.5 Black American Indian 43.5 ALL ARIZONANS 43.2 22.8 Asian 20.8 White non-Hispanic 0.0 15.0 30.0 45.0 60.0 75.0 90.0 Number of pregnancies per 1,000 females 15-17 years old COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 1-3 PREGNANCIES AMONG FEMALES 15-17 Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 All groups 48.1 43.2 -10.2 YEARS OLD Rate per 1,000 females by race/ethnicity: White Black or American nonHispanic African Indian Hispanic American 25.1 84.0 64.2 52.1 20.8 79.7 57.5 43.5 -17.1 -5.1 17 -10.4 -16.5 Asian or Pacific Islander 21.4 22.8 6.5 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 1-4 Pregnancies Among Females 18-19 Years Old 176.0 Hispanic 146.4 Black 133.4 American Indian 113.2 ALL ARIZONANS 71.7 White non-Hispanic 57.1 Asian 0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 Number of pregnancies per 1,000 females 18-19 years old COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 1-4 PREGNANCIES AMONG FEMALES 18-19 Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 All groups 123.6 113.2 -8.4 YEARS OLD Rate per 1,000 females by race/ethnicity: White Black or American nonHispanic African Indian Hispanic American 85.0 178.4 171.7 144.4 71.7 176.0 146.4 133.4 -15.6 -1.3 18 -14.7 -7.6 Asian or Pacific Islander 62.4 57.1 -8.5 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 2. Maternal Lifestyle and Health Characteristics Unmarried Mothers Tobacco Use During Pregnancy Alcohol Use During Pregnancy The Incidence of Chronic Hypertension Dysfunctional Labor The Incidence of Anemia During Pregnancy The Incidence of Diabetes The Incidence of Pregnancy-Associated Hypertension The Incidence of Genital Herpes Maternal Weight Gain of Less Than 21 Pounds 19 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 2-1 Unmarried Mothers 70.1 American Indian 64.2 Black 51.0 Hispanic 39.4 ALL ARIZONANS 24.5 White non-Hispanic 17.0 Asian 0.0 15.0 30.0 45.0 60.0 75.0 Per 100 live births COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 2-1 UNMARRIED MOTHERS Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 All groups 39.3 39.4 0.3 White nonHispanic 24.8 24.5 -1.2 Per 100 births by race/ethnicity: Black or American Hispanic African Indian American 51.4 62.2 68.5 51.0 64.2 70.1 -0.8 21 3.2 2.3 Asian or Pacific Islander 15.1 17.0 12.6 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 2-2 Tobacco Use During Pregnancy 11.0 White non-Hispanic 10.7 Black 6.8 ALL ARIZONANS American Indian Asian Hispanic 0.0 4.0 2.7 2.4 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5 Per 100 live births COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 2-2 TOBACCO USE Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 6.8 6.8 White nonHispanic 11.0 11.0 0.0 0.0 All groups Per 100 births by race/ethnicity: Black or American Hispanic African Indian American 2.4 11.0 3.5 2.4 10.7 4.0 0.0 22 -2.7 14.3 Asian or Pacific Islander 2.5 2.7 8.0 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 2-3 Alcohol Use During Pregnancy 2.6 American Indian 1.6 Black 1.0 White non-Hispanic 0.9 ALL ARIZONANS Hispanic Asian 0.0 0.5 0.4 0.6 1.2 1.8 2.4 3.0 Per 100 live births COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 2-3 ALCOHOL USE Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 1.0 0.9 White nonHispanic 1.3 1.0 -10.0 -23.1 All groups Per 100 births by race/ethnicity: Black or American Hispanic African Indian American 0.6 1.6 2.3 0.5 1.6 2.6 -16.7 23 0.0 13.0 Asian or Pacific Islander 0.6 0.4 -33.3 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 The Incidence of Chronic Hypertension in Women Giving Birth 2-4 1.3 American Indian 0.7 Black ALL ARIZONANS 0.4 White non-Hispanic 0.4 Asian Hispanic 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.5 Per 100 live births COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 2-4 CHRONIC HYPERTENSION Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 0.4 0.4 White nonHispanic 0.4 0.4 0.0 0.0 All groups Per 100 births by race/ethnicity: Black or American Hispanic African Indian American 0.2 0.7 1.3 0.2 0.7 1.3 0.0 24 0.0 0.0 Asian or Pacific Islander 0.3 0.2 -33.3 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 2-5 Dysfunctional Labor 3.0 American Indian 1.7 Asian 1.4 White non-Hispanic 1.2 ALL ARIZONANS 1.2 Black Hispanic 0.0 0.6 0.7 1.4 2.1 2.8 3.5 Per 100 live births COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 2-5 DYSFUNCTIONAL LABOR Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 0.8 1.2 White nonHispanic 0.8 1.4 50.0 75.0 All groups Per 100 births by race/ethnicity: Black or American Hispanic African Indian American 0.5 0.7 2.2 0.6 1.2 3.0 20.0 25 71.4 36.4 Asian or Pacific Islander 0.8 1.7 112.5 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 2-6 The Incidence of Anemia During Pregnancy 6.0 American Indian Black ALL ARIZONANS Asian White non-Hispanic Hispanic 0.0 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.0 1.3 2.6 3.9 5.2 6.5 Per 100 live births COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 2-6 ANEMIA DURING PREGNANCY Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 1.7 1.6 White nonHispanic 1.7 1.5 -5.9 -11.8 All groups Per 100 births by race/ethnicity: Black or American Hispanic African Indian American 1.1 2.0 4.8 1.0 1.7 6.0 -9.1 26 -15.0 25.0 Asian or Pacific Islander 1.1 1.6 45.5 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 2-7 The Incidence of Diabetes During Pregnancy 6.2 American Indian 3.9 Asian 2.2 ALL ARIZONANS 2.0 Hispanic 1.8 Black 1.8 White non-Hispanic 0.0 1.5 3.0 4.5 6.0 7.5 Per 100 live births COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 2-7 DIABETES DURING PREGNANCY Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 2.3 2.2 White nonHispanic 1.9 1.8 -4.3 -5.3 All groups Per 100 births by race/ethnicity: Black or American Hispanic African Indian American 2.0 1.8 6.7 2.0 1.8 6.2 0.0 27 0.0 -7.5 Asian or Pacific Islander 3.1 3.9 25.8 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 The Incidence of Pregnancy-Associated Hypertension 2-8 5.7 American Indian 3.1 White non-Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS Black Asian Hispanic 0.0 2.6 2.4 1.8 1.7 1.3 2.6 3.9 5.2 6.5 Per 100 live births COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 2-8 PREGNANCY-ASSOCIATED HYPERTENSION Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 3.0 2.6 White nonHispanic 3.6 3.1 -13.3 -13.9 All groups Per 100 births by race/ethnicity: Black or American Hispanic African Indian American 2.0 2.9 5.6 1.7 2.4 5.7 -15.0 28 -17.2 1.8 Asian or Pacific Islander 2.3 1.8 -21.7 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 2-9 The Incidence of Genital Herpes During Pregnancy 1.3 White non-Hispanic 1.2 Black 0.8 ALL ARIZONANS 0.7 Asian American Indian Hispanic 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.5 Per 100 live births COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 2-9 GENITAL HERPES DURING PREGNANCY Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 0.7 0.8 White nonHispanic 1.2 1.3 14.3 8.3 All groups Per 100 births by race/ethnicity: Black or American Hispanic African Indian American 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.3 1.2 0.3 50.0 29 71.4 0.0 Asian or Pacific Islander 0.5 0.7 40.0 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 2-10 Maternal Weight Gain of Less Than 21 Pounds 28.8 American Indian 21.3 Black 20.9 Hispanic 18.5 ALL ARIZONANS 16.0 Asian White non-Hispanic 0.0 14.9 8.0 16.0 24.0 32.0 Per 100 live births COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 2-10 WEIGHT GAIN OF LESS THAN 21 Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 19.1 18.5 White nonHispanic 15.4 14.9 -3.1 -3.2 All groups POUNDS Per 100 births by race/ethnicity: Black or American Hispanic African Indian American 21.3 22.4 30.4 20.9 21.3 28.8 -1.9 30 -4.9 -5.3 Asian or Pacific Islander 16.7 16.0 -4.2 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 3. Utilization of Prenatal Care Services No Care in the 1st Trimester Fewer Than Five Prenatal Visits No Prenatal Care 31 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 No Care in the 1st Trimester 3-1 35.4 American Indian 34.7 Hispanic 26.2 Black 24.5 ALL ARIZONANS 17.3 Asian 13.8 White non-Hispanic 0.0 8.0 16.0 24.0 32.0 40.0 Women giving birth who received no prenatal care in the first trimester of pregnancy per 100 live births in specified group COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 3-1 NO CARE IN THE 1ST TRIMESTER 2000 2001 25.0 24.5 White nonHispanic 14.0 13.8 % change from 2000 -2.0 -1.4 Year All groups Per 100 births by race/ethnicity: Black or American Hispanic African Indian American 36.5 28.9 34.2 34.7 26.2 35.4 -4.9 33 -9.3 3.5 Asian or Pacific Islander 15.0 17.3 15.3 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 3-2 Fewer than Five Prenatal Visits 11.6 American Indian 9.9 Hispanic 6.4 ALL ARIZONANS 6.1 Black Asian White non-Hispanic 0.0 3.6 2.6 3.0 6.0 9.0 12.0 15.0 Women giving birth who had fewer than five prenatal visits per 100 live births in specified group COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 3-2 FEWER THAN FIVE PRENATAL VISITS Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 6.7 6.4 White nonHispanic 2.8 2.6 -4.5 -7.1 All groups Per 100 births by race/ethnicity: Black or American Hispanic African Indian American 10.5 6.6 12.5 9.9 6.1 11.6 -5.7 34 -7.6 -7.2 Asian or Pacific Islander 3.3 3.6 9.1 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 3-3 No Prenatal Care 3.2 Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS 1.9 American Indian 1.9 1.6 Black 1.1 Asian 0.6 White non-Hispanic 0.0 1.5 3.0 4.5 Women giving birth who received no prenatal care per 100 live births in specified group COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 3-3 NO PRENATAL CARE Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 2.1 1.9 White nonHispanic 0.7 0.6 -9.5 -14.3 All groups Per 100 births by race/ethnicity: Black or American Hispanic African Indian American 3.6 2.4 2.4 3.2 1.6 1.9 -11.1 35 -33.3 -20.8 Asian or Pacific Islander 0.9 1.1 22.2 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 4. Newborn’s Health The Incidence of Hyaline Membrane Disease Newborn Intensive Care Born Too Early (Preterm or < 37 Weeks) The Incidence of Low-Birthweight Births The Incidence of Very Low-Birthweight Births The Incidence of Congenital Anomalies (Birth Defects) Infant Mortality Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Mortality of Infants from Low-Birthweight/ Short Gestation Neonatal Mortality Postneonatal Mortality 37 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 4-1 The Incidence of Hyaline Membrane Disease* 0.5 Black White non-Hispanic 0.4 American Indian 0.4 0.3 ALL ARIZONANS 0.3 Asian Hispanic 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.6 Per 100 live births in specified group * A disorder primarily of prematurity, manifested clinically by respiratory distress and pathologically by pulmonary hyaline membranes and incomplete expansion of the lungs at birth. COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 4-1 HYALINE MEMBRANE DISEASE REPORTED 2000 2001 0.3 0.3 White nonHispanic 0.4 0.4 % change from 2000 0.0 0.0 Year All groups Per 100 births by race/ethnicity: Black or American Hispanic African Indian American 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.0 39 -16.7 100.0 Asian or Pacific Islander 0.3 0.3 0.0 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 4-2 The Incidence of Newborn Intensive Care 9.0 Black White non-Hispanic 5.9 ALL ARIZONANS 5.7 5.6 Asian 5.4 Hispanic 4.6 American Indian 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 Per 100 live births in specified group COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 4-2 ADMITTED TO NEWBORN INTENSIVE CARE Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 5.8 5.7 White nonHispanic 5.5 5.9 -1.7 7.3 All groups Per 100 births by race/ethnicity: Black or American Hispanic African Indian American 6.3 9.3 4.6 5.4 9.0 4.6 -14.3 40 -3.2 0.0 Asian or Pacific Islander 4.3 5.6 30.2 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 4-3 Born Too Early (Preterm or < 37 Weeks) 14.8 Black American Indian 10.1 White non-Hispanic 10.1 ALL ARIZONANS 9.9 9.8 Asian 9.4 Hispanic 0.0 4.5 9.0 13.5 18.0 Number of infants born berfore 37 completed weeks of gestation per 100 live births in specified group COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 4-3 BORN TOO EARLY (PRETERM OR < 37 2000 2001 10.3 9.9 White nonHispanic 10.5 10.1 % change from 2000 -3.9 -3.8 Year All groups WEEKS) Per 100 births by race/ethnicity: Black or American Hispanic African Indian American 9.8 14.9 9.4 9.4 14.8 10.1 -4.1 41 -0.7 7.4 Asian or Pacific Islander 9.3 9.8 5.4 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Born Too Small: Low-Birthweight 4-4 13.7 Black 7.7 Asian American Indian 7.3 ALL ARIZONANS 7.0 White non-Hispanic 6.7 6.7 Hispanic 0.0 4.0 8.0 12.0 16.0 Number of infants weighing less than 2,500 grams per 100 live births in specified group COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 4-4 BORN TOO SMALL: LOW-BIRTHWEIGHT 2000 2001 7.0 7.0 White nonHispanic 7.0 6.7 % change from 2000 0.0 -4.3 Year All groups (<2,500 GRAMS) Per 100 births by race/ethnicity: Black or American Hispanic African Indian American 6.7 13.0 6.7 6.7 13.7 7.3 0.0 42 5.4 9.0 Asian or Pacific Islander 7.6 7.7 1.3 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 4-5 Born Too Small: Very Low-Birthweight 2.7 Black 1.1 ALL ARIZONANS 1.0 American Indian 1.0 Hispanic 1.0 White non-Hispanic 0.9 Asian 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 Infants weighing less than 1,500 grams at birth per 100 live births in specified group COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 4-5 BORN TOO SMALL: Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 VERY LOW-BIRTHWEIGHT 1.2 1.1 White nonHispanic 1.1 1.0 -8.3 -9.1 All groups (<1,500 GRAMS) Per 100 births by race/ethnicity: Black or American Hispanic African Indian American 1.1 2.6 1.4 1.0 2.7 1.0 -9.1 43 3.8 -28.6 Asian or Pacific Islander 1.2 0.9 -25.0 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 4-6 The Incidence of Congenital Anomalies 1.9 American Indian 1.4 Black 1.4 White non-Hispanic 1.3 ALL ARIZONANS 1.3 Asian 1.1 Hispanic 0.0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.4 Congenital anomalies (birth defects) per 1,000 live births in specified group COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 4-6 THE INCIDENCE OF CONGENITAL ANOMALIES 2000 2001 1.3 1.3 White nonHispanic 1.5 1.4 % change from 2000 0.0 -6.7 Year All groups Per 100 births by race/ethnicity: Black or American Hispanic African Indian American 0.9 1.1 1.9 1.1 1.4 1.9 22.2 44 27.3 0.0 Asian or Pacific Islander 0.8 1.3 62.5 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 4-7 Infant Mortality 22.7 Black 10.7 American Indian 6.9 ALL ARIZONANS Asian 1 Hispanic 0.9 6.7 Hispanic 5.7 White non-Hispanic 3.8 Asian 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 Number of infant deaths per 1,000 live births in specified group COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 4-7 INFANT MORTALITY 2000 2001 6.7 6.9 White nonHispanic 6.1 5.7 % change from 2000 3.0 -6.6 Year All groups Per 100 births by race/ethnicity: Black or American Hispanic African Indian American 6.3 17.8 9.6 6.7 22.7 10.7 6.3 45 27.5 11.5 Asian or Pacific Islander 4.9 3.8 -22.4 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Infant Mortality from SIDS* 4-8 2.9 Black ALL ARIZONANS 0.4 American Asian Indian 1 Hispanic 0.9 White non-Hispanic 0.4 0.4 0.3 Hispanic 0.0 Asian 0.0 0.6 1.2 1.8 2.4 3.0 Per 1,000 live births in specified child's ethnic group * Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 4-8 SUDDEN INFANT DEATH SYNDROME (SIDS) Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 0.3 0.4 White nonHispanic 0.3 0.4 33.3 33.3 All groups Per 100 births by race/ethnicity: Black or American Hispanic African Indian American 0.2 0.7 0.7 0.2 2.9 0.4 0.0 46 314.3 -42.9 Asian or Pacific Islander 0.0 0.0 0.0 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 4-9 Mortality of Infants from Low Birthweight/Short Gestation 4.0 Black 1.1 Hispanic 0.9 ALL ARIZONANS 0.6 White non-Hispanic 0.4 American Indian 0.0 Asian 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 Number of infant deaths from low birthweight/short gestation per 1,000 live births in specified group COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 4-9 MORTALITY OF INFANTS FROM LOW BIRTHWEIGHT/ SHORT GESTATION Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 0.6 0.9 White nonHispanic 0.4 0.6 50.0 50.0 All groups Per 100 births by race/ethnicity: Black or American Hispanic African Indian American 0.9 2.5 0.9 1.1 4.0 0.4 22.2 47 60.0 -55.6 Asian or Pacific Islander 0.0 0.0 0.0 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 4-10 Neonatal Mortality 15.0 Black 4.5 ALL ARIZONANS 4.5 Hispanic American Indian 4.1 White nonHispanic 4.0 2.4 Asian 0.0 4.5 9.0 13.5 18.0 Number of neonatal deaths per 1,000 live births in specified group COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 4-10 NEONATAL MORTALITY 2000 2001 4.3 4.5 White nonHispanic 3.8 4.0 % change from 2000 4.7 5.3 Year All groups Per 100 births by race/ethnicity: Black or American Hispanic African Indian American 4.2 9.8 6.4 4.5 15.0 4.1 7.1 48 53.1 -35.9 Asian or Pacific Islander 2.0 2.4 20.0 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 4-11 Postneonatal Mortality 7.7 Black 6.6 American Indian 2.4 ALL ARIZONANS 2.2 Hispanic 1.7 White non-Hispanic 1.4 Asian 0.0 1.5 3.0 4.5 6.0 7.5 9.0 Number of postneonatal deaths per 1,000 live births in specified group COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 4-11 POSTNEONATAL MORTALITY 2000 2001 2.4 2.4 White nonHispanic 2.3 1.7 % change from 2000 0.0 -26.1 Year All groups Per 100 births by race/ethnicity: Black or American Hispanic African Indian American 2.0 8.0 3.2 2.2 7.7 6.6 10.0 49 -3.7 106.2 Asian or Pacific Islander 2.0 1.4 -30.0 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 5. Mortality from Natural Causes Mortality from Cardiovascular Diseases Mortality from Diseases of the Heart Mortality from Coronary Heart Disease Mortality from Cerebrovascular Disease Mortality from Chronic Lower Respiratory Diseases Mortality from Malignant Neoplasms Mortality from Lung Cancer Mortality from Breast Cancer Mortality from Cervical Cancer Mortality from Colorectal Cancer Mortality from Prostate Cancer Mortality from Influenza and Pneumonia Mortality from Diabetes Mortality from Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis Mortality from HIV Disease Mortality from Septicemia Mortality from Alzheimer's Disease Mortality from Nephritis, Nephrotic Syndrome & Nephrosis (kidney disease) Mortality from Essential (primary) Hypertension Mortality from All Causes 51 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 5-1. Mortality from Cardiovascular Diseases 388.1 Black 281.4 Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS 267.3 White non-Hispanic 265.8 234.1 American Indian 184.3 Asian 0.0 90.0 180.0 270.0 360.0 450.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 5-1 CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 Number of deaths per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) White Black or Asian or All American nonHispanic African Pacific groups Indian Hispanic American Islander 276.1 276.0 273.6 411.5 257.5 190.6 267.3 265.8 281.4 388.1 234.1 184.3 -3.2 -3.7 2.8 53 -5.7 -9.1 -3.3 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Mortality from Diseases of the Heart 5-2. 273.6 Black 206.1 Hispanic White non-Hispanic 202.1 ALL ARIZONANS 201.7 177.7 American Indian Asian 0.0 116.1 60.0 120.0 180.0 240.0 300.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 5-2 DISEASES OF THE HEART Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 Number of deaths per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) White Black or Asian or All American nonHispanic African Pacific groups Indian Hispanic American Islander 206.1 207.2 204.7 289.5 183.8 132.3 201.7 202.1 206.1 273.6 177.7 116.1 -2.1 -2.5 0.7 54 -5.5 -3.3 -12.2 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Mortality from Coronary Heart Disease 5-3 196.9 Black 159.7 Hispanic White non-Hispanic 149.8 ALL ARIZONANS 149.3 116.4 American Indian 80.7 Asian 0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 5-3 CORONARY HEART DISEASE Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 Number of deaths per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) White Black or Asian or All American nonHispanic African Pacific groups Indian Hispanic American Islander 160.4 162.4 154.7 225.1 124.4 107.4 149.3 149.8 159.7 196.9 116.4 80.7 -6.9 -7.8 3.2 55 -12.5 -6.4 -24.9 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 5-4 Mortality from Cerebrovascular Disease 79.6 Black 55.4 Hispanic 51.1 Asian ALL ARIZONANS 47.7 White non-Hispanic 46.2 American Indian 44.3 0.0 15.0 30.0 45.0 60.0 75.0 90.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 5-4 CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 Number of deaths per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) White Black or Asian or All American nonAfrican Pacific Hispanic groups Indian Hispanic American Islander 51.7 50.8 51.2 82.4 55.3 46.1 47.7 46.2 55.4 79.6 44.3 51.1 -7.7 -9.1 8.2 56 -3.4 -19.9 10.8 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 5-5 Mortality from Chronic Lower Respiratory Diseases* 51.0 White non-Hispanic 46.9 ALL ARIZONANS 37.9 Black American Indian Asian Hispanic 0.0 26.8 21.4 17.7 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) * This ICD-10 title corresponds to Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases in IC-9. COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 5-5 CHRONIC LOWER RESPIRATORY DISEASES Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 Number of deaths per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) White Black or Asian or All American nonHispanic African Pacific groups Indian Hispanic American Islander 47.4 51.1 24.4 30.4 21.9 12.7 46.9 51.0 17.7 37.9 26.8 21.4 -1.1 -0.2 -27.5 57 24.7 22.4 68.5 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 5-6. Mortality from Malignant Neoplasms 213.0 Black White non-Hispanic 173.1 ALL ARIZONANS 169.2 155.6 Hispanic Asian American Indian 0.0 147.0 121.7 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 5-6 MALIGNANT NEOPLASM (CANCER) Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 Number of deaths per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) White Black or Asian or All American nonHispanic African Pacific groups Indian Hispanic American Islander 170.4 174.8 156.9 216.1 123.0 103.4 169.2 173.1 155.6 213.0 121.7 147.0 -0.7 -1.0 -0.8 58 -1.4 -1.1 42.2 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Mortality from Lung Cancer 5-7 55.7 Black 47.6 White non-Hispanic 44.5 ALL ARIZONANS 41.7 Asian 29.2 Hispanic 9.8 American Indian 0.0 13.0 26.0 39.0 52.0 65.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 5-7 LUNG CANCER Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 Number of deaths per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) White Black or Asian or All American nonHispanic African Pacific groups Indian Hispanic American Islander 46.1 49.1 31.6 65.8 8.9 29.6 44.5 47.6 29.2 55.7 9.8 41.7 -3.5 -3.1 -7.6 59 -15.3 10.1 40.9 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Mortality from Breast Cancer 5-8. 55.8 Black White non-Hispanic 24.7 ALL ARIZONANS 23.6 17.5 Hispanic 12.7 Asian 11.7 American Indian 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 females in specified group (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 5-8 BREAST CANCER Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 All groups 25.4 23.6 -7.1 Number of deaths per 100,000 females by race/ethnicity (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) White Black or Asian or American nonHispanic African Pacific Indian Hispanic American Islander 26.2 20.7 29.5 12.1 12.8 24.7 17.5 55.8 11.7 12.7 -5.7 -15.5 60 89.2 -3.3 -0.8 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Mortality from Cervical Cancer 5-9. 5.4 American Indian 3.9 Hispanic 3.5 Black 2.8 ALL ARIZONANS 2.5 White non-Hispanic Asian 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 females in specified group (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 5-9 CERVICAL CANCER Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 All groups 3.0 2.8 -6.7 Number of deaths per 100,000 females by race/ethnicity (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) White Black or Asian or American nonHispanic African Pacific Indian Hispanic American Islander 2.5 3.7 7.6 10.1 3.5 2.5 3.9 3.5 5.4 .0 0.0 5.4 61 -53.9 -46.5 -100.0 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 5-10 Mortality from Colorectal Cancer 27.4 Black 16.9 White non-Hispanic 16.7 ALL ARIZONANS 16.6 Hispanic 10.6 Asian 7.2 American Indian 0.0 6.0 12.0 18.0 24.0 30.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 5-10 COLORECTAL CANCER Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 Number of deaths per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) White Black or Asian or All American nonHispanic African Pacific groups Indian Hispanic American Islander 17.0 17.4 16.4 16.3 8.2 6.6 16.7 16.9 16.6 27.4 7.2 10.6 -1.8 -2.9 1.2 62 68.1 -12.2 60.6 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Mortality from Prostate Cancer 5-11 45.0 Black 26.3 Hispanic 24.3 ALL ARIZONANS 24.2 Asian 24.1 White non-Hispanic 14.0 American Indian 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 males in specified group (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 5-11 PROSTATE CANCER Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 All groups 28.4 24.3 -14.4 Number of deaths per 100,000 males by race/ethnicity (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) White Black or American nonHispanic African Indian Hispanic American 28.0 30.0 74.8 27.1 24.1 26.3 45.0 14.0 -13.9 -12.3 63 -39.8 -48.3 Asian or Pacific Islander 8.9 24.2 171.9 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 5-12. Mortality from Influenza and Pneumonia 43.0 American Indian 26.1 Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS 21.9 White non-Hispanic 21.3 15.0 Asian 14.8 Black 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 5-12 INFLUENZA AND PNEUMONIA Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 Number of deaths per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) White Black or Asian or All American nonHispanic African Pacific groups Indian Hispanic American Islander 24.4 23.3 30.1 26.9 48.2 11.9 21.9 21.3 26.1 14.8 43.0 15.0 -10.2 -8.6 -13.3 64 -45.0 -10.8 26.0 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 5-13 Mortality from Diabetes 72.8 American Indian 55.7 Black 42.9 Hispanic 19.9 ALL ARIZONANS 15.4 White non-Hispanic 14.8 Asian 0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 5-13 DIABETES Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 Number of deaths per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) White Black or Asian or All American nonHispanic African Pacific groups Indian Hispanic American Islander 19.0 14.9 41.1 46.0 74.6 19.5 19.9 15.4 42.9 55.7 72.8 14.8 4.7 3.4 4.4 65 21.1 -2.4 -24.1 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Mortality from Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis 5-14 39.1 American Indian 17.4 Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS Black White non-Hispanic Asian 0.0 12.3 11.7 10.6 4.0 9.0 18.0 27.0 36.0 45.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 5-14 CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE AND CIRRHOSIS Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 Number of deaths per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) White Black or Asian or All American nonHispanic African Pacific groups Indian Hispanic American Islander 12.8 10.4 15.8 6.6 61.7 4.1 12.3 10.6 17.4 11.7 39.1 4.0 -3.9 1.9 10.1 66 77.3 -36.6 -2.4 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 5-15 Mortality from HIV Disease 11.2 Black 5.5 American Indian 3.2 Hispanic 3.1 ALL ARIZONANS 2.6 White non-Hispanic Asian 1.1 0.0 3.5 7.0 10.5 14.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 5-15 HIV Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 DISEASE Number of deaths per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) White Black or Asian or All American nonHispanic African Pacific groups Indian Hispanic American Islander 3.2 3.1 3.4 9.6 1.8 .0 3.1 2.6 3.2 11.2 5.5 1.1 -3.1 -16.1 -5.9 67 16.7 205.6 NA DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Mortality from Septicemia 5-16 21.8 American Indian 13.6 Black 10.7 Hispanic 7.2 ALL ARIZONANS White non-Hispanic Asian 0.0 6.0 3.2 6.0 12.0 18.0 24.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 5-16 SEPTICEMIA Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 Number of deaths per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) White Black or Asian or All American nonHispanic African Pacific groups Indian Hispanic American Islander 6.7 6.0 9.9 6.2 21.5 1.3 7.2 6.0 10.7 13.6 21.8 3.2 7.5 0.0 8.1 68 119.4 1.4 146.2 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 5-17 Mortality from Alzheimer's Disease 23.5 White non-Hispanic 22.5 ALL ARIZONANS 21.5 Black 14.7 Hispanic 14.6 Asian 12.7 American ndian 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 5-17 ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 Number of deaths per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) White Black or Asian or All American nonHispanic African Pacific groups Indian Hispanic American Islander 21.8 22.5 18.9 20.5 7.2 7.8 22.5 23.5 14.7 21.5 12.7 14.6 3.2 4.4 -22.2 69 4.9 76.4 87.2 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 5-18 Mortality from Nephritis, Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephrosis (kidney disease) 33.5 American Indian 23.5 Black 22.6 Hispanic 12.0 ALL ARIZONANS 9.9 White non-Hispanic 8.4 Asian 0.0 9.0 18.0 27.0 36.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 5-18 NEPHRITIS, NEPHROTIC SYNDROME AND NEPHROSIS (KIDNEY DISEASE) Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 Number of deaths per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) White Black or Asian or All American nonHispanic African Pacific groups Indian Hispanic American Islander 11.7 10.1 22.1 26.9 22.6 5.0 12.0 9.9 22.6 23.5 33.5 8.4 2.6 -2.0 2.3 70 -12.6 48.2 68.0 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 5-19 Mortality from Essential (primary) Hypertension 13.8 Black 6.9 11.8 Asian 8.7 Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS 5.9 White non-Hispanic 5.5 3.4 American Indian 0.0 4.0 8.0 12.0 16.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 5-19 ESSENTIAL (PRIMARY) Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 HYPERTENSION Number of deaths per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) White Black or Asian or All American Hispanic nonAfrican Pacific groups Indian Hispanic American Islander 5.6 5.2 7.3 11.2 10.8 5.8 5.9 5.5 8.7 13.8 3.4 11.8 5.4 5.8 19.2 71 23.2 -68.5 103.4 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Mortality from All Causes 5-20 1050.6 Black 1010.5 American Indian 791.2 ALL ARIZONANS 787.6 Hispanic 778.1 White non-Hispanic 560.7 Asian 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 5-20 TOTAL MORTALITY FROM ALL CAUSES Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 Number of deaths per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) White Black or Asian or All American Hispanic nonAfrican Pacific groups Indian Hispanic American Islander 785.6 776.6 769.9 1057.5 1011.4 504.1 791.2 778.1 787.6 1050.6 1010.5 560.7 0.7 0.2 2.3 72 -0.6 -0.1 11.2 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 6. Mortality from Injuries Mortality from Unintentional Injuries Mortality from Motor Vehicle-Related Injuries Mortality from Fall-Related Injuries Drowning Mortality Mortality from Injury by Firearms Drug-Induced Deaths Alcohol-Induced Deaths Intentional Self-Harm (suicide) Assault (homicide) 73 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Mortality from Unintentional Injuries 6-1. 112.7 American Indian 52.8 Black 46.6 ALL ARIZONANS 45.6 Hispanic 42.5 White non-Hispanic 29.9 Asian 0.0 25.0 50.0 75.0 100.0 125.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 6-1 UNINTENTIONAL INJURIES Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 Number of deaths per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) White Black or Asian or All American nonHispanic African Pacific groups Indian Hispanic American Islander 41.1 36.9 41.6 49.7 113.1 24.1 46.6 42.5 45.6 52.6 112.7 29.9 13.4 15.2 9.6 75 5.8 -0.4 24.1 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Mortality from Motor Vehicle-Related Injuries 6-2 63.2 American Indian Black Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS White non-Hispanic Asian 0.0 19.1 18.2 17.2 13.5 8.6 15.0 30.0 45.0 60.0 75.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 6-2 MOTOR VEHICLE-RELATED INJURIES Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 Number of deaths per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) White Black or Asian or All American nonHispanic African Pacific groups Indian Hispanic American Islander 17.5 13.8 18.2 19.3 74.2 15.3 17.2 13.5 18.2 19.1 63.2 8.6 -1.7 -2.2 0.0 76 -1.0 -14.8 -43.8 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Mortality from Fall-Related Injuries 6-3 11.3 American Indian ALL ARIZONANS 8.9 White non-Hispanic 8.9 8.8 Black 8.3 Asian 7.8 Hispanic 0.0 3.5 7.0 10.5 14.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 6-3 FALL-RELATED INJURIES Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 Number of deaths per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) White Black or Asian or All American nonHispanic African Pacific groups Indian Hispanic American Islander 7.6 7.6 8.9 5.2 6.0 3.9 8.9 8.9 7.8 8.8 11.3 8.3 17.1 17.1 -12.4 77 69.2 88.3 112.8 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 6-4 Drowning Mortality 4.0 Asian 1.8 White non-Hispanic 1.6 ALL ARIZONANS 1.5 Black 1.3 Hispanic 1.2 American Indian 0.0 0.9 1.8 2.7 3.6 4.5 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 6-4 DROWNING MORTALITY Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 Number of deaths per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) White Black or Asian or All American nonHispanic African Pacific groups Indian Hispanic American Islander 1.7 1.6 1.2 3.3 3.8 1.1 1.6 1.8 1.3 1.5 1.2 4.0 -5.9 12.5 8.3 78 -54.5 -68.4 263.6 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 6-5 Mortality from Injury by Firearms 25.3 Black 15.8 Hispanic 15.5 ALL ARIZONANS 13.9 White non-Hispanic 11.8 American Indian 9.0 Asian 0.0 6.0 12.0 18.0 24.0 30.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 6-5 INJURY BY FIREARMS Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 Number of deaths per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) White Black or Asian or All American nonHispanic African Pacific groups Indian Hispanic American Islander 15.3 13.9 14.9 25.7 12.2 11.1 15.5 13.9 15.8 25.3 11.8 9.0 1.3 0.0 6.0 79 -1.6 -3.3 -18.9 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 6-6 Drug-Induced Deaths 13.8 Black 12.4 White non-Hispanic 11.3 ALL ARIZONANS 9.4 Hispanic 9.3 American Indian 0.9 Asian 0.0 3.0 6.0 9.0 12.0 15.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 6-6 DRUG-INDUCED DEATHS Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 Number of deaths per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) White Black or Asian or All American nonHispanic African Pacific groups Indian Hispanic American Islander 6.8 7.3 5.0 9.6 6.7 .0 11.3 12.4 9.4 13.8 9.3 .9 66.2 69.9 88.0 80 43.7 38.8 NA DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 6-7 Alcohol-Induced Deaths 41.5 American Indian 9.1 Hispanic 8.4 ALL ARIZONANS 7.9 Black 6.8 White non-Hispanic 1.1 Asian 0.0 9.0 18.0 27.0 36.0 45.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 6-7 ALCOHOL-INDUCED DEATHS Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 Number of deaths per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) White Black or Asian or All American nonHispanic African Pacific groups Indian Hispanic American Islander 8.7 6.8 8.6 6.1 56.1 1.3 8.4 6.8 9.1 7.9 41.5 1.1 -3.4 0.0 5.8 81 29.5 -26.0 -15.4 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 6-8 Intentional Self-Harm (suicide) 25.5 Black 21.9 American Indian 18.6 Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS Asian White non-Hispanic 0.0 10.0 4.9 4.8 7.0 14.0 21.0 28.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to 1940 standard population) COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 6-8 INTENTIONAL SELF-HARM (SUICIDE) Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 Number of deaths per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) White Black or Asian or All American nonHispanic African Pacific groups Indian Hispanic American Islander 14.6 16.7 7.2 6.5 16.2 5.7 11.5 12.8 5.9 9.2 15.4 9.4 -21.2 -23.4 -18.1 82 41.5 -4.9 64.9 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 6-9 Assault (homicide) 22.2 Black 17.2 American Indian 15.5 Hispanic 8.7 ALL ARIZONANS Asian White non-Hispanic 4.9 4.3 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to 1940 standard population) COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 6-9 ASSAULT (HOMICIDE) Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 Number of deaths per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity (age-adjusted to the 2000 standard) White Black or Asian or All American nonHispanic African Pacific groups Indian Hispanic American Islander 7.6 3.9 13.0 22.7 14.9 7.6 8.7 4.3 15.5 22.2 17.2 4.9 14.5 10.3 19.2 83 -2.2 15.4 -35.5 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 7. AGE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY Mortality of Children 1-14 Years Old Mortality of Adolescents 15-19 Years Old Mortality of Young Adults 20-44 Years Old Mortality of Middle-Aged Adults 45-64 Years Old 85 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 7-1 Mortality of Children 1-14 Years Old 71.0 American Indian 43.2 Black 31.9 Asian 28.8 ALL ARIZONANS 26.3 Hispanic 23.9 White non-Hispanic 0.0 15.0 30.0 45.0 60.0 75.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 children 1-14 years old in specified ethnic group COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 7-1 MORTALITY OF CHILDREN 1-14 Year All groups 2000 2001 25.3 28.8 % change from 2000 13.8 YEARS OLD Number of deaths per 100,000 population 1-14 years old by race/ethnicity White Black or American nonHispanic African Indian Hispanic American 20.8 27.4 37.2 48.2 23.9 26.3 43.2 71.0 14.9 -4.0 87 16.1 47.3 Asian or Pacific Islander 22.0 31.9 45.0 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 7-2 Mortality of Adolescents 15-19 Years Old 265.2 American Indian 86.6 ALL ARIZONANS 82.7 Hispanic 73.2 Black 70.2 White non-Hispanic 61.9 Asian 0.0 70.0 140.0 210.0 280.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 adolescents 15-19 years old in specified ethnic group COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 7-2 MORTALITY OF ADOLESCENTS 15-19 Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 All groups 78.9 86.6 9.8 YEARS OLD Number of deaths per 100,000 population 15-19 years old by race/ethnicity White Black or American nonHispanic African Indian Hispanic American 68.6 74.0 149.5 171.2 70.2 82.7 73.2 265.2 2.3 11.8 88 51.0 54.9 Asian or Pacific Islander 0.0 61.9 NA DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 7-3 Mortality of Young Adults 20-44 Years Old 373.2 American Indian 250.1 Black 158.2 ALL ARIZONANS 147.5 Hispanic 145.2 White non-Hispanic 60.6 Asian 0.0 100.0 200.0 300.0 400.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 young adults 20-44 years old in specified ethnic group COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 7-3 MORTALITY AMONG YOUNG ADULTS 20-44 Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 All groups 156.5 158.2 1.1 YEARS OLD Number of deaths per 100,000 population 20-44 years old by race/ethnicity White Black or American nonHispanic African Indian Hispanic American 173.1 136.3 212.3 403.1 145.2 147.5 250.1 373.2 -16.1 8.2 89 17.8 -7.4 Asian or Pacific Islander 93.3 60.6 -35.0 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 7-4 Mortality of Middle-Aged Adults 45-64 Years Old 996.1 Black 981.4 American Indian ALL ARIZONANS 632.1 White non-Hispanic 631.9 545.9 Hispanic 312.2 Asian 0.0 200.0 400.0 600.0 800.0 1000.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 middle-aged adults 45-64 years old in specified ethnic group COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 7-4 MORTALITY AMONG MIDDLE-AGED ADULTS 45-64 Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 All groups 633.9 632.1 -0.3 YEARS OLD Number of deaths per 100,000 population 45-64 years old by race/ethnicity White Black or American nonHispanic African Indian Hispanic American 636.8 540.5 929.9 994.2 631.9 545.9 996.1 981.4 -0.8 1.0 90 7.1 -1.3 Asian or Pacific Islander 276.1 312.2 13.1 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 8. Patterns of Premature Mortality Average Age At Death From All Causes Among Arizona Residents Average Age At Death From All Causes Among Arizona Males Average Age At Death From All Causes Among Arizona Females Percent of Total Deaths Before and After Expected Years of Life Reached 91 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 8-1 Average Age At Death From All Causes Among Arizona Residents 74.2 White non-Hispanic 71.2 ALL ARIZONANS 63.9 Asians 59.1 Black 58.4 Hispanic 54.3 American Indian 0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 8-1 AVERAGE AGE AT DEATH FROM ALL CAUSES Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 71.6 71.2 White nonHispanic 73.9 74.2 -0.6 0.4 All groups By race/ethnicity Black or Hispanic African American 59.2 60.8 58.4 59.1 -1.3 93 -2.8 55.4 54.3 Asian or Pacific Islander 62.3 63.9 -2.0 2.6 American Indian DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 8-2 Average Age At Death From All Causes Among Arizona Males 71.2 White non-Hispanic 67.9 ALL ARIZONANS 61.6 Asians 55.6 Black 54.8 Hispanic 50.1 American Indian 0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 8-2 AVERAGE AGE AT DEATH FROM ALL CAUSES AMONG MALES Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 68.7 67.9 White nonHispanic 70.9 71.2 -1.2 0.4 All groups By race/ethnicity Black or Hispanic African American 55.8 56.8 54.8 55.6 -1.8 94 -2.1 51.6 50.1 Asian or Pacific Islander 61.6 61.6 -2.9 0.0 American Indian DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 8-3 Average Age At Death From All Causes Among Arizona Females 77.3 White non-Hispanic 75.0 ALL ARIZONANS 66.0 Asians 63.2 Black 63.4 Hispanic 60.0 American Indian 0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 8-3 AVERAGE AGE AT DEATH FROM ALL CAUSES AMONG FEMALES Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 74.9 75.0 White nonHispanic 77.0 77.3 0.1 0.4 All groups By race/ethnicity Black or Hispanic African American 63.7 65.8 63.4 63.2 -0.5 95 -3.9 60.4 60.0 Asian or Pacific Islander 63.0 66.0 -0.7 4.8 American Indian DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 8-4 Percent of Total Deaths Before and After Expected Years of Life Reached* BEFORE White non-Hispanic AFTER 46.2% ALL ARIZONANS 51.0% 53.8% 49.0% Asian 69.9% 30.1% Hispanic 71.2% 28.8% Black 73.0% 27.0% American Indian 20.9% 79.1% *Percent deaths in specified group in Arizona in 2001 before and after expected years of life at birth or life expectancy of 76.9 years for all U.S. residents in 2000. COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 8-4 PERCENT OF TOTAL DEATHS BEFORE EXPECTED YEARS OF LIFE REACHED Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 51.6 51.0 White nonHispanic 47.3 46.2 -1.2 -2.3 All groups By race/ethnicity Black or Hispanic African American 70.5 69.3 71.2 73.0 1.0 96 5.3 78.7 79.1 Asian or Pacific Islander 69.6 69.9 0.5 0.4 American Indian DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 9. The Incidence of Reportable Diseases Incidence Rates of Early Syphilis Incidence Rates of Gonorrhea Incidence Rates of Chlamydia Incidence Rates of Genital Herpes Incidence Rates of AIDS 97 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Incidence Rates of Early Syphilis 9-1 52.4 Black 16.6 Hispanic 15.110.2 American Indian 8.4 ALL ARIZONANS 2.6 White non-Hispanic 0.0 Asian 0.0 12.0 24.0 36.0 48.0 60.0 Number of cases reported in 2001 per 100,000 population in specified group Source: Arizona Department of Health Services, Bureau of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Office of HIV/STD/HCV Services COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 9-1 INCIDENCE OF EARLY SYPHILIS Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 Number of reported cases per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity White Black or Asian or American nonHispanic African Pacific Indian Hispanic American Islander 8.5 3.2 15.4 60.4 12.1 3.0 0.0 8.4 2.6 16.6 52.4 15.1 All groups -1.2 -18.7 7.8 99 -13.2 24.8 -100.0 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Incidence Rates of Gonorrhea 9-2 558.5 Black 115.5 American Indian 99.7 Hispanic 73.9 ALL ARIZONANS 32.4 White non-Hispanic 10.8 Asian 0.0 110.0 220.0 330.0 440.0 550.0 Number of cases reported in 2001 per 100,000 population in specified group Source: Arizona Department of Health Services, Bureau of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Office of HIV/STD/HCV Services COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 9-2 INCIDENCE OF GONORRHEA Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 Number of reported cases per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity White Black or Asian or American nonHispanic African Pacific Indian Hispanic American Islander 80.0 29.5 111.8 630.8 105.1 22.2 10.8 73.9 32.4 99.7 558.5 115.5 All groups -7.6 9.8 -10.8 100 -11.5 9.9 -51.3 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Incidence Rates of Chlamydia 9-3 756.7 Black 738.9 American Indian 466.4 Hispanic 270.4 ALL ARIZONANS 116.5 White non-Hispanic 113.7 Asian 0.0 250.0 500.0 750.0 Number of cases reported in 2001 per 100,000 population in specified group Source: Arizona Department of Health Services, Bureau of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Office of HIV/STD/HCV Services COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 9-3 INCIDENCE OF CHLAMYDIA Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 Number of reported cases per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity White Black or Asian or American nonHispanic African Pacific Indian Hispanic American Islander 243.9 96.7 350.3 686.2 844.1 89.9 113.7 270.4 116.5 466.4 756.7 738.9 All groups 10.9 20.5 33.1 101 10.3 -12.5 26.5 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Incidence Rates of Genital Herpes 9-4 43.3 Black 27.9 American Indian 23.8 Hispanic 22.1 ALL ARIZONANS 17.7 White non-Hispanic 13.7 Asian 0.0 9.0 18.0 27.0 36.0 45.0 Number of cases reported in 2001 per 100,000 population in specified group Source: Arizona Department of Health Services, Bureau of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Office of HIV/STD/HCV Services COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 9-4 INCIDENCE OF GENITAL HERPES Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 Number of reported cases per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity White Black or Asian or All American nonHispanic African Pacific groups Indian Hispanic American Islander 21.8 15.8 17.1 47.8 33.6 7.1 13.7 22.1 17.7 23.8 43.3 27.9 1.4 12.0 39.2 102 -9.4 -17.0 93.0 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Incidence Rates of AIDS 9-5 29.4 Black 7.0 ALL ARIZONANS 6.8 American Indian 6.4 White non-Hispanic 6.3 Hispanic 3.9 Asian 0.0 6.0 12.0 18.0 24.0 30.0 Number of cases reported in 2001 per 100,000 population in specified group Source: Arizona Department of Health Services, Bureau of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Office of HIV/STD/HCV Services COMPARATIVE RATES FOR 2000 AND 2001: 9-5 INCIDENCE OF AIDS Year 2000 2001 % change from 2000 Number of reported cases per 100,000 population by race/ethnicity White Black or Asian or All American nonHispanic African Pacific groups Indian Hispanic American Islander 6.9 6.4 7.3 23.3 9.0 5.0 3.9 7.0 6.4 6.3 29.4 6.8 1.4 0.0 -13.7 103 26.2 -24.4 -22.0 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 RATES AND RATIOS FOR 2001 105 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 RATES AND RATIOS FOR 2001 1. TEEN PREGNANCIES Figure number (Number of pregnancies per 1,000 females in specified age group) Indicator All Arizona Residents White nonHispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 1-1 Pregnancies among females 19 and younger 36.0 21.1 59.1 45.1 36.7 20.3 1-2 Pregnancies among females 14 and younger 1.3 0.5 2.5 2.2 1.4 0.0 1-3 Pregnancies among females 15-17 years old 43.2 20.8 79.7 57.5 43.5 22.8 1-4 Pregnancies among females 18-19 years old 113.2 71.7 176.0 146.4 133.4 57.1 2. MATERNAL LIFESTYLE AND HEALTH CHARACTERISTICS Figure number (All ratios are per 100 live births) Indicator All Arizona Residents White nonHispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 2-1 Unmarried mothers 39.4 24.5 51.0 64.2 70.1 17.0 2-2 Tobacco use during pregnancy 6.8 11.0 2.4 10.7 4.0 2.7 2-3 Alcohol use during pregnancy 0.9 1.0 0.5 1.6 2.6 0.4 2-4 Chronic hypertension 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.7 1.3 0.2 2-5 Dysfunctional labor 1.2 1.4 0.6 1.2 3.0 1.7 2-6 Anemia during pregnancy 1.6 1.5 1.0 1.7 6.0 1.6 2-7 Diabetes during pregnancy 2.2 1.8 2.0 1.8 6.2 3.9 2-8 Pregnancy-associated hypertension 2.6 3.1 1.7 2.4 5.7 1.8 2-9 Genital herpes during pregnancy 0.8 1.3 0.3 1.2 0.3 0.7 2-10 Weight gain of less than 21 pounds 18.5 14.9 20.9 21.3 28.8 16.0 107 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 3. UTILIZATION OF PRENATAL CARE SERVICES Figure number (Per 100 live births) Indicator 3-1 No care in the 1st trimester 3-2 3-3 All Arizona residents White nonHispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 24.5 13.8 34.7 26.2 35.4 17.3 Fewer than five prenatal visits 9.4 5.1 13.2 11.8 14.5 5.4 No prenatal care 1.9 0.6 3.2 1.6 1.9 1.1 4. NEWBORN'S HEALTH Figure number (Infant, neonatal and postneonatal rates are per 1,000 live births. All other indicators are expressed per 100 live births). Indicator All Arizona residents White nonHispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 4-1 Incidence of hyaline membrane disease 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.3 4-2 Incidence of newborn intensive care 5.7 5.9 5.4 9.0 4.6 5.6 4-3 Born too early (preterm or < 37 weeks) 9.9 10.1 9.4 14.8 10.1 9.8 4-4 Born too small: lowbirthweight (<2,500 grams) 7.0 6.7 6.7 13.7 7.3 7.7 4-5 Born too small: very lowbirthweight (<1,500 grams) 1.1 1.0 1.0 2.7 1.0 0.9 4-6 Incidence of congenital anomalies (birth defects) 1.3 1.4 1.1 1.4 1.9 1.3 4-7 Infant mortality 6.9 5.7 6.7 22.7 10.7 3.8 4-8 Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) 0.4 0.4 0.2 2.9 0.4 0.0 4-9 Mortality of infants from low birthweight/short gestation 0.9 0.6 1.1 4.0 0.4 0.0 4-10 Neonatal mortality 4.5 4.0 4.5 15.0 4.1 2.4 4-11 Postneonatal mortality 2.4 1.7 2.2 7.7 6.6 1.4 108 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 5. MORTALITY FROM NATURAL CAUSES (chronic or infectious diseases) Figure number (Number of deaths per 100,000 population age-adjusted to 2000 standard. The causes of death are classified by the Tenth Revision of the International Classification of Diseases or ICD-10). Indicator All Arizona residents White nonHispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 5-1 Cardiovascular disease 267.3 265.8 281.4 388.1 234.1 184.3 5-2 Diseases of the heart 201.7 202.1 206.1 273.6 177.7 116.1 5-3 Coronary heart disease 149.3 149.8 159.7 196.9 116.4 80.7 5-4 Cerebrovascular disease 47.7 46.2 55.4 79.6 44.3 51.1 5-5 Chronic lower respiratory diseases 46.9 51.0 17.7 37.9 26.8 21.4 5-6 Malignant neoplasm (cancer) 169.2 173.1 155.6 213.0 121.7 147.0 5-7 Lung cancer 44.5 47.6 29.2 55.7 9.8 41.7 5-8 Breast cancer 23.6 24.7 17.5 55.8 11.7 12.7 5-9 Cervical cancer 2.8 2.5 3.9 3.5 5.4 .0 5-10 Colorectal cancer 16.7 16.9 16.6 27.4 7.2 10.6 5-11 Prostate cancer 24.3 24.1 26.3 45.0 14.0 24.2 5-12 Influenza and pneumonia 21.9 21.3 26.1 14.8 43.0 15.0 5-13 Diabetes 19.9 15.4 42.9 55.7 72.8 14.8 5-14 Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis 12.3 10.6 17.4 11.7 39.1 4.0 5-15 HIV disease 3.1 2.6 3.2 11.2 5.5 1.1 5-16 Septicemia 7.2 6.0 10.7 13.6 21.8 3.2 5-17 Alzheimer's disease 22.5 23.5 14.7 21.5 12.7 14.6 5-18 Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis (kidney disease) 12.0 9.9 22.6 23.5 33.5 8.4 5-19 Essential (primary) hypertension 5.9 5.5 8.7 13.8 3.4 11.8 5-20 Total mortality from all causes 791.2 778.1 787.6 1050.6 1010.5 560.7 109 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 6. MORTALITY FROM INJURIES Figure number (Number of deaths per 100,000 population age-adjusted to 2000 standard. The causes of death are classified by the Tenth Revision of the International Classification of Diseases or ICD-10. Drug-induced deaths include accidental, suicidal and homicidal poisoning by drugs, but also disorders due to use of psychoactive substances. Alcohol-induced deaths include accidental, suicidal and homicidal poisoning by drugs, but also disorders due to use of alcohol.) Indicator All Arizona residents White nonHispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 6-1 6-1. Unintentional injuries 46.6 42.5 45.6 52.6 112.7 29.9 6-2 6-2. Motor vehiclerelated injuries 17.2 13.5 18.2 19.1 63.2 8.6 6-3 6-3. Fall-related injuries 8.9 8.9 7.8 8.8 11.3 8.3 6-4 6-4. Drowning mortality 1.6 1.8 1.3 1.5 1.2 4.0 6-5 6-5. Injury by firearms 15.5 13.9 15.8 25.3 11.8 9.0 6-6 6-6. Drug-induced deaths 11.3 12.4 9.4 13.8 9.3 .9 6-7 6-7. Alcohol-induced deaths 8.4 6.8 9.1 7.9 41.5 1.1 6.8 6-8. Intentional selfharm (suicide) 11.5 12.8 5.9 9.2 15.4 9.4 6-9 Assault (homicide) 8.7 4.3 15.5 22.2 17.2 4.9 7. AGE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY Figure number (Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group) Indicators All Arizona Residents White nonHispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 7-1 Mortality of children 1-14 years old 28.8 23.9 26.3 43.2 71.0 31.9 7-2 Mortality of adolescents 15-19 years old 86.6 70.2 82.7 73.2 265.2 61.9 7-3 Mortality of young adults 20-44 years old 158.2 145.2 147.5 250.1 373.2 60.6 7-4 Mortality of middle-aged adults 45-64 years old 632.1 631.9 545.9 996.1 981.4 312.2 110 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Figure number 8. PREMATURE MORTALITY Indicators All Arizona residents White nonHispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 8-1 Average age at death from all causes 71.2 74.2 58.4 59.1 54.3 63.9 8-2 Average age at death from all causes among males 67.9 71.2 54.8 55.6 50.1 61.6 8-3 Average age at death from all causes among females 75.0 77.3 63.4 63.2 60.0 66.0 8-4 Percent of total deaths before expected years of life reached 51.0 46.2 71.2 73.0 79.1 69.9 Hispanic Black or African American American Indian 9. REPORTABLE DISEASES Figure number (Number of cases per 100,000 persons in specified group) Indicators 9-1 Incidence of early syphilis 9-2 All Arizona residents White nonHispanic Asian or Pacific Islander 8.4 2.6 16.6 52.4 15.1 0.0 Incidence of gonorrhea 73.9 32.4 99.7 558.5 115.5 10.8 9-3 Incidence of chlamydia 270.4 116.5 466.4 756.7 738.9 113.7 9-4 Incidence of genital herpes 22.1 17.7 23.8 43.3 27.9 13.7 9-5 Incidence of AIDS 7.0 6.4 6.3 29.4 6.8 3.9 111 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 SCORES IN 2001 113 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 SCORES IN 2001 (A score is the percent above or below the average rate or ratio for all Arizona residents. A negative score indicates better than average standing on an indicator). Figure number 1. TEEN PREGNANCIES Indicator White nonHispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 1-1 Pregnancies among females 19 and younger -41.4 64.2 25.3 1.9 -43.6 1-2 Pregnancies among females 14 and younger -61.5 92.3 69.2 7.7 -100.0 1-3 Pregnancies among females 15-17 years old -51.9 84.5 33.1 .7 -47.2 1-4 Pregnancies among females 18-19 years old -36.7 55.5 29.3 17.8 -49.6 -191.4 296.4 156.9 28.2 -240.4 -47.9 74.1 39.2 7.0 -60.1 TOTAL SCORE AVERAGE SCORE Figure number 2. MATERNAL LIFESTYLE AND HEALTH CHARACTERISTICS Indicator White nonHispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 2-1 Unmarried mothers -37.8 29.4 62.9 77.9 -56.9 2-2 Tobacco use during pregnancy 61.8 -64.7 57.4 -41.2 -60.3 2-3 Alcohol use during pregnancy 11.1 -44.4 77.8 188.9 -55.6 2-4 Chronic hypertension .0 -50.0 75.0 225.0 -50.0 2-5 Dysfunctional labor 16.7 -50.0 .0 150.0 41.7 2-6 Anemia during pregnancy -6.3 -37.5 6.3 275.0 .0 2-7 Diabetes during pregnancy -18.2 -9.1 -18.2 181.8 77.3 2-8 Pregnancy-associated hypertension 19.2 -34.6 -7.7 119.2 -30.8 2-9 Genital herpes during pregnancy 62.5 -62.5 50.0 -62.5 -12.5 2-10 Weight gain of less than 21 pounds -1.9 13.0 15.1 55.7 -13.5 107.1 -310.4 318.6 1169.9 -160.5 10.7 -31.0 31.9 117.0 -16.1 TOTAL SCORE AVERAGE SCORE 115 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Figure number 3. UTILIZATION OF PRENATAL CARE SERVICES Indicator 3-1 No care in the 1st trimester 3-2 Fewer than five prenatal visits 3-3 No prenatal care TOTAL SCORE AVERAGE SCORE White nonHispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander -43.7 41.6 6.9 44.5 -29.4 -5.9 54.7 -4.7 81.2 -43.8 -68.4 68.4 -15.8 .0 -42.1 -118.0 164.8 -13.6 125.7 -115.3 -39.3 54.9 -4.5 41.9 -38.4 Figure number 4. NEWBORN'S HEALTH Indicator 4-1 Incidence of hyaline membrane disease 4-2 White nonHispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 33.3 -33.3 66.7 33.3 .0 Incidence of newborn intensive care 3.5 -5.3 57.9 -19.3 -1.8 4-3 Born too early (preterm or < 37 weeks) 2.0 -5.1 49.5 2.0 -1.0 4-4 Born too small: lowbirthweight (<2,500 grams) -4.3 -4.3 95.7 4.3 10.0 4-5 Born too small: very lowbirthweight (<1,500 grams) -9.1 -9.1 145.5 -9.1 -18.2 4-6 Incidence of congenital anomalies 7.7 -15.4 7.7 46.2 .0 4-7 Infant mortality -17.4 -2.9 229.0 55.1 -44.9 4-8 Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) .0 -50.0 625.0 .0 -100.0 4-9 Mortality of infants from low birthweight/ short gestation -33.3 22.2 344.4 -55.6 -100.0 4-10 Neonatal mortality -11.1 .0 233.3 -8.9 -46.7 4-11 Postneonatal mortality -29.2 -8.3 220.8 175.0 -41.7 TOTAL SCORE -57.8 -111.4 2075.5 223.0 -344.2 -5.3 -10.1 188.7 20.3 -31.3 AVERAGE SCORE 116 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Figure number 5. MORTALITY FROM NATURAL CAUSES (chronic or infectious diseases) Indicator 5-1 Cardiovascular disease 5-2 White nonHispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander -.6 5.3 45.2 -12.4 -31.1 Diseases of the heart .2 2.2 35.6 -11.9 -42.4 5-3 Coronary heart disease .3 7.0 31.9 -22.0 -45.9 5-4 Cerebrovascular disease -3.1 16.1 66.9 -7.1 7.1 5-5 Chronic lower respiratory diseases 8.7 -62.3 -19.2 -42.9 -54.4 5-6 Malignant neoplasm (cancer) 2.3 -8.0 25.9 -28.1 -13.1 5-7 Lung cancer 7.0 -34.4 25.2 -78.0 -6.3 5-8 Breast cancer 4.7 -25.8 136.4 -50.4 -46.2 5-9 Cervical cancer -10.7 39.3 25.0 92.9 -100.0 5-10 Colorectal cancer 1.2 -.6 64.1 -56.9 -36.5 5-11 Prostate cancer -.8 8.2 85.2 -42.4 -.4 5-12 Influenza and pneumonia -2.7 19.2 -32.4 96.3 -31.5 5-13 Diabetes -22.6 115.6 179.9 265.8 -25.6 5-14 Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis -13.8 41.5 -4.9 217.9 -67.5 5-15 HIV disease -16.1 3.2 261.3 77.4 -64.5 5-16 Septicemia -16.7 48.6 88.9 202.8 -55.6 5-17 Alzheimer's disease 4.4 -34.7 -4.4 -43.6 -35.1 -17.5 88.3 95.8 179.2 -30.0 -6.8 47.5 133.9 -42.4 100.0 -1.7 -.5 32.8 27.7 -29.1 -86.0 275.2 1305.8 749.7 -637.3 -4.3 13.8 65.3 37.5 -31.9 5-18 5-19 5-20 Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis (kidney disease) Essential (primary) hypertension Total mortality from all causes TOTAL SCORE AVERAGE SCORE 117 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Figure number 6. MORTALITY FROM INJURIES 6-1 Indicator White nonHispanic Unintentional injuries Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander -8.8 -2.1 12.9 141.8 -35.8 -21.5 5.8 11.0 267.4 -50.0 6-2 Motor vehicle-related injuries 6-3 Fall-related injuries .0 -12.4 -1.1 27.0 -6.7 6-4 Drowning mortality 12.5 -18.8 -6.3 -25.0 150.0 6-5 Injury by firearms -10.3 1.9 63.2 -23.9 -41.9 6-6 Drug-induced deaths 9.7 -16.8 22.1 -17.7 -92.0 6-7 Alcohol-induced deaths -19.0 8.3 -6.0 394.0 -86.9 6-8 Intentional self-harm (suicide) 11.3 -48.7 -20.0 33.9 -18.3 6-9 Assault (homicide) -50.6 78.2 155.2 97.7 -43.7 TOTAL SCORE -76.7 -4.5 231.1 895.3 -225.4 -8.5 -.5 25.7 99.5 -25.0 AVERAGE SCORE Figure number 7. AGE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY Indicators White nonHispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 7-1 Mortality of children 1-14 years old -17.0 -8.7 50.0 146.5 10.8 7-2 Mortality of adolescents 15-19 years old -18.9 -4.5 -15.5 206.2 -28.5 7-3 Mortality of young adults 20-44 years old -8.2 -6.8 58.1 135.9 -61.7 7-4 Mortality of middle-aged adults 45-64 years old .0 -13.6 57.6 55.3 -50.6 TOTAL SCORE -44.2 -33.6 150.2 543.9 -130.1 AVERAGE SCORE -11.1 -8.4 37.6 136.0 -32.5 118 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Figure number 8. PREMATURE MORTALITY 8-1 8-2 8-3 8-4 Indicators Average age at death from all causes Average age at death from all causes among males Average age at death from all causes among females Percent of total deaths before expected years of life reached TOTAL SCORE AVERAGE SCORE White nonHispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander -4.2 18.0 17.0 23.7 10.3 -4.9 19.3 18.1 26.2 9.3 -3.1 15.5 15.7 20. 12.0 -9.4 39.6 43.1 55.1 37.1 -21.6 92.4 93.9 125.0 68.7 -5.4 23.1 23.5 31.2 17.2 9. REPORTABLE DISEASES Figure number (Number of cases per 100,000 persons in specified group) Indicators White nonHispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 9-1 Incidence of early syphilis -69.0 97.6 523.8 79.8 -100.0 9-2 Incidence of gonorrhea -56.2 34.9 655.8 56.3 -85.4 9-3 Incidence of chlamydia -56.9 72.5 179.8 173.3 -58.0 9-4 Incidence of genital herpes -19.9 7.7 95.9 26.2 -38.0 9-5 Incidence of AIDS -8.6 -10.0 320.0 -2.9 -44.3 -210.6 202.7 1775.3 332.7 -325.6 -42.1 40.5 355.1 66.5 -65.1 TOTAL SCORE AVERAGE SCORE OVERALL HEALTH STATUS (ALL 70 INDICATORS) White nonHispanic SUM OF ALL SCORES FOR 70 INDICATORS AVERAGE OF ALL SCORES FOR 70 INDICATORS Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander -683.9 572.6 6092.8 4195.6 -2111.3 -9.8 8.2 87.0 69.9 -30.2 119 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 RANKING ORDER IN 2001 121 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 RANK ORDER IN 2001 (A rank is the ordering of each ethnic group according to score). 1 = RANKS BEST AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS 5 = RANKS WORST AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS Figure number 1. TEEN PREGNANCIES Indicator White nonHispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 1-1 Pregnancies among females 19 and younger 2 5 4 3 1 1-2 Pregnancies among females 14 and younger 2 5 4 3 1 1-3 Pregnancies among females 15-17 years old 1 5 4 3 2 1-4 Pregnancies among females 18-19 years old 1 5 4 3 2 SUM OF RANKS 6.0 20.0 16.0 12.0 6.0 AVERAGE RANK 1.5 5.0 4.0 3.0 1.5 Figure number 2. MATERNAL LIFESTYLE AND HEALTH CHARACTERISTICS Indicator White nonHispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 2-1 Unmarried mothers 2 3 4 5 1 2-2 Tobacco use during pregnancy 5 1 4 3 2 2-3 Alcohol use during pregnancy 3 2 4 5 1 2-4 Chronic hypertension 3 1.5 4 5 1.5 2-5 Dysfunctional labor 3 1 2 5 4 2 1 4 5 3 1.5 3 1.5 5 4 2-6 2-7 Anemia during pregnancy Diabetes during pregnancy 2-8 Pregnancy-associated hypertension 4 1 3 5 2 2-9 Genital herpes during pregnancy 5 1.5 4 1.5 3 2-10 Weight gain of less than 21 pounds 2 3 4 5 1 SUM OF RANKS 30.5 18.0 34.5 44.5 22.5 AVERAGE RANK 3.0 1.8 3.4 4.4 2.2 123 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Figure number 3. UTILIZATION OF PRENATAL CARE SERVICES Indicator White nonHispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 3-1 No care in the 1st trimester 1 4 3 5 2 3-2 Fewer than five prenatal visits 1 4 3 5 2 3-3 No prenatal care 1 5 3 4 2 SUM OF RANKS 3.0 13.0 9.0 14.0 6.0 AVERAGE RANK 1.0 4.3 3.0 4.7 2.0 Figure number 4. NEWBORN'S HEALTH Indicator 4-1 Incidence of hyaline membrane disease 4-2 Incidence of newborn intensive care 4-3 White nonHispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 3.5 1 5 3.5 2 4 2 5 1 3 Born too early (preterm or < 37 weeks) 3.5 1 5 3.5 2 4-4 Born too small: lowbirthweight (<2,500 grams) 2.5 2.5 5 3 4 4-5 Born too small: very lowbirthweight (<1,500 grams) 3 3 5 3 1 4-6 Incidence of congenital anomalies (birth defects) 3.5 1 3.5 5 2 4-7 Infant mortality 2 3 5 4 1 4-8 Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) 3.5 2 5 3.5 1 4-9 Mortality of infants from low birthweight/ short gestation 3 4 5 2 1 4-10 Neonatal mortality 2 4 5 3 1 4-11 Postneonatal mortality 2 3 5 4 1 SUM OF RANKS 32.5 26.5 53.5 35.5 19.0 AVERAGE RANK 3.0 2.4 4.9 3.2 1.7 124 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Figure number 5. MORTALITY FROM NATURAL CAUSES (chronic or infectious diseases) Indicator White nonHispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 5-1 Cardiovascular disease 3 4 5 2 1 5-2 Diseases of the heart 3 4 5 2 1 5-3 Coronary heart disease 3 4 5 2 1 5-4 Cerebrovascular disease 2 4 5 1 3 5-5 Chronic lower respiratory diseases 5 1 4 3 2 5-6 Malignant neoplasm (cancer) 4 3 5 1 2 5-7 Lung cancer 4 2 5 1 3 5-8 Breast cancer 4 3 5 1 3 5-9 Cervical cancer 2 4 3 5 1 5-10 Colorectal cancer 4 3 5 1 2 5-11 Prostate cancer 2 4 5 1 3 5-12 Influenza and pneumonia 3 4 1 5 2 5-13 Diabetes 2 3 4 5 1 5-14 Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis 2 4 3 5 1 5-15 HIV disease 2 3 5 4 1 5-16 Septicemia 2 3 4 5 1 5-17 Alzheimer's disease 5 3 4 1 2 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 5 1 4 2 3 5 4 1 SUM OF RANKS 58.0 65.0 87.0 55.0 36.0 AVERAGE RANK 2.9 3.2 4.3 2.7 1.8 5-18 5-19 5-20 Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis (kidney disease) Essential (primary) hypertension Total mortality from all causes 125 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Figure number 6. MORTALITY FROM INJURIES Indicator White nonHispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 6-1 Unintentional injuries 2 3 4 5 1 6-2 Motor vehicle-related injuries 2 3 4 5 1 6-3 Fall-related injuries 4 1 3 5 2 6-4 Drowning mortality 4 2 3 1 5 6-5 Injury by firearms 3 4 5 2 1 6-6 Drug-induced deaths 4 3 5 2 1 6-7 Alcohol-induced deaths 2 4 3 5 1 6-8 Intentional self-harm (suicide) 4 1 2 5 3 6-9 Assault (homicide) 1 3 5 4 2 SUM OF RANKS 26.0 24.0 34.0 34.0 17.0 AVERAGE RANK 2.9 2.7 3.8 3.8 1.9 Black or African American American Indian Figure number 7. AGE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY Indicators White nonHispanic Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander 7-1 Mortality of children 1-14 years old 1 2 4 5 3 7-2 Mortality of adolescents 15-19 years old 2 4 3 5 1 7-3 Mortality of young adults 20-44 years old 2 3 4 5 1 7-4 Mortality of middle-aged adults 45-64 years old 3 2 5 4 1 SUM OF RANKS 8.0 11.0 16.0 19.0 6.0 AVERAGE RANK 2.0 2.7 4.0 4.7 1.5 126 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Figure number 8. PREMATURE MORTALITY 8-1 8-2 8-3 8-4 Indicators Average age at death from all causes White nonHispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 1 4 3 5 2 1 4 3 5 2 1 3 4 5 2 1 3 4 5 2 SUM OF RANKS 4.0 14.0 14.0 20.0 8.0 AVERAGE RANK 1.0 3.5 3.5 5.0 2.0 Average age at death from all causes among males Average age at death from all causes among females Percent of total deaths before expected years of life reached 9. REPORTABLE DISEASES Figure number (Number of cases per 100,000 persons in specified group) Indicators White nonHispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 9-1 Incidence of early syphilis 2 4 5 3 1 9-2 Incidence of gonorrhea 2 3 5 4 1 9-3 Incidence of chlamydia 2 3 5 4 1 9-4 Incidence of genital herpes 2 3 5 4 1 9-5 Incidence of AIDS 2 3 5 4 1 SUM OF RANKS 10.0 16.0 25.0 19.0 5.0 AVERAGE RANK 2.0 3.2 5.0 3.8 1.0 OVERALL HEALTH STATUS (ALL 70 INDICATORS) White nonHispanic SUM OF ALL RANKS FOR 70 MEASUREMENTS AVERAGE RANKS BASED ON 70 MEASUREMENTS Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 178.0 208.0 288.5 253.0 125.5 2.5 3.0 4.1 3.6 1.8 127 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 DATA SOURCES AND DEFINITIONS 129 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 SOURCES OF DATA Information on births and deaths is compiled from the original documents (i.e., certificates of live births and certificates of death) filed with the Arizona Department of Health Services. Information on induced terminations of pregnancy (abortions) performed on Arizona women is compiled from reports sent to the Arizona Department of Health Services by facilities within but not outside the state. Pregnancies are the sum of live births, spontaneous terminations of pregnancy (fetal deaths or stillbirths) and induced terminations of pregnancy (abortions). Data on morbidity, levels of disease and disability in the population, are obtained for certain infectious diseases that must be reported by law. The ADHS Epidemiology and Disease Control Services conducts surveillance and monitoring of these reportable diseases and provided data for section 9 in this report. In order to obtain the 2001 population denominators, the 2000 percentages of population breakdowns (or census shares) by race/ethnicity, age group and gender were applied to total state population estimates released by the Bureau of the Census on April 24, 2002 (http://eire.census.gov/popest/estimates.php). The total for all groups includes racial/ethnic groups other than White non-Hispanic, Hispanic, Black, American Indian and Asian Almost all figures are based on rates and ratios published in the 2001 Arizona Health Status and Vital Statistics report and available online at http://www.hs.state.az.us/plan/2001ahs/toc01.htm. Figure number 1. TEEN PREGNANCIES DEFINITIONS Indicator Definitions 1-1 Pregnancies among females 19 and younger The sum of live births, fetal deaths, and abortions per 1,000 females aged 19 or younger. 1-2 Pregnancies among females 14 and younger The sum of live births, fetal deaths, and abortions per 1,000 females aged 14 or younger. 1-3 Pregnancies among females 15-17 years old The sum of live births, fetal deaths, and abortions per 1,000 females aged 15-17 years. 1-4 Pregnancies among females 18-19 years old The sum of live births, fetal deaths, and abortions per 1,000 females aged 18-19 years. Figure number 2. MATERNAL LIFESTYLE AND HEALTH CHARACTERISTICS Definitions Indicator 2-1 Unmarried mothers The number of births to unmarried mothers per 100 births. 2-2 Tobacco use during pregnancy The number of mothers giving birth who self-reported tobacco use during pregnancy per 100 births. 2-3 Alcohol use during pregnancy The number of mothers giving birth who self-reported alcohol use during pregnancy per 100 births. 2-4 Chronic hypertension Blood pressure persistently greater than 140/90, diagnosed prior to onset of pregnancy or before the 20th week of gestation (the number of cases per 100 births). 131 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 2-5 Dysfunctional labor Failure to progress in a normal pattern of labor (the number of cases per 100 births). 2-6 Anemia during pregnancy Hemoglobin level of less than 10.0 g/dL during pregnancy, or hematocrit of less than 30 percent during pregnancy (the number of cases per 100 births). 2-7 Diabetes during pregnancy 2-8 Pregnancy-associated hypertension 2-9 Genital herpes during pregnancy Infection of the skin of the genital area by herpes simplex virus (the number of cases per 100 births). 2-10 Weight gain of less than 21 pounds The number of women giving birth who gained less than 21 pounds per 100 births. Metabolic disorder characterized by excessive discharge of urine and persistent thirst; includes juvenile onset, adult onset and gestational diabetes during pregnancy (the number of cases per 100 births). An increase in blood pressure of at least 30 mm hg systolic or 15 mm hg diastolic on two measurements taken 6 hours apart after the 20th week of gestation (the number of cases per 100 births). Figure number 3. UTILIZATION OF PRENATAL CARE SERVICES Indicator Definition 3-1 No care in the 1st trimester The number of mothers giving birth who received no prenatal care in the 1st trimester of pregnancy per 100 births. 3-2 Fewer than five prenatal visits The number of mothers giving birth who had fewer than five prenatal visits during pregnancy per 100 births. 3-3 No prenatal care The number of mothers giving birth who received no prenatal care during pregnancy per 100 births. Figure number 4. NEWBORN'S HEALTH Indicator Definition 4-1 Incidence of hyaline membrane disease The number of cases of hyaline membrane disease per 100 births. Hyaline membrane disease = a disorder primarily of prematurity, manifested clinically by respiratory distress and pathologically by pulmonary hyaline membranes and incomplete expansion of the lungs at birth. 4-2 Incidence of newborn intensive care The number of babies admitted to Newborn Intensive Care units per 100 births. 4-3 Born too early (preterm or < 37 weeks) 4-4 4-5 4-6 4-7 Born too small: lowbirthweight (<2,500 grams) Born too small: very lowbirthweight (<1,500 grams) Incidence of congenital anomalies (birth defects) Infant mortality The number of births before 37 weeks of gestation per 100 births. Preterm = any neonate whose birth occurs through the end of the last day of the 37th week (259th day), following onset of the last menstrual period. The number of newborns weighing less than 2,500 grams per 100 births. Lowbirthweight = any neonate weighing less than 2,500 grams at birth (less than 5 pounds 8 ounces). The number of newborns weighing less than 1,500 grams per 100 births. Very lowbirthweight = any neonate whose weight at birth is 1,500 grams or less (less than 3 pounds 5 ounces). The numbers of babies born with birth defects per 100 births. The number of infant deaths per 1,000 live births. Infant death = any death at any time from birth up to, but not including, the first year of age (364 days, 23 hours, 59 minutes from the moment of birth). 132 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 4-8 Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) The number of infant deaths from Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (ICD-10 code R95) per 1,000 live births. 4-9 Mortality of infants from low birthweight/short gestation The number of infant deaths from low- birthweight/short gestation (ICD-10 code P07) per 1,000 live births. 4-10 Neonatal mortality The number of neonatal deaths per 1,000 live births. Neonatal death = death of a liveborn neonate before the neonate becomes 28 days old (up to and including 27 days, 23 hours, 59 minutes from the moment of birth). 4-11 Postneonatal mortality The number of postneonatal deaths per 1,000 live births. Postneonatal death = any death of a liveborn infant at least 28 days of age but less than one year of age. Figure number 5. MORTALITY FROM NATURAL CAUSES (chronic or infectious diseases) Indicator Definition 5-1 Cardiovascular disease The number of deaths from cardiovascular diseases (ICD-10 codes I00-I78) per 100,000 age-adjusted population. 5-2 Diseases of the heart The number of deaths from disease of the heart (ICD-10 codes I00–I09, I11, I13, I20–I51) per 100,000 age-adjusted population. 5-3 Coronary heart disease The number of deaths from coronary heart disease (ICD-10 codes I200-I259) per 100,000 age-adjusted population. 5-4 Cerebrovascular disease The number of deaths from cerebrovascular disease (ICD-10 codes I60–I69) per 100,000 age-adjusted population. 5-5 Chronic lower respiratory diseases The number of deaths from chronic lower respiratory diseases (ICD-10 codes J40– J47) per 100,000 age-adjusted population. 5-6 Malignant neoplasm (cancer) The number of deaths from cancer (ICD-10 codes C00–C97) per 100,000 ageadjusted population. 5-7 Lung cancer The number of deaths from lung cancer (ICD-10 codes C33–C34) per 100,000 ageadjusted population. 5-8 Breast cancer The number of deaths from breast cancer (ICD-10 code C50) per 100,00 ageadjusted female population. 5-9 Cervical cancer The number of deaths from cervical cancer (ICD-10 code C53) per 100,000 ageadjusted female population. 5-10 Colorectal cancer The number of deaths from colorectal cancer (ICD-10 codes C18–C21) per 100,000 age-adjusted population. 5-11 Prostate cancer The number of deaths from prostate cancer (ICD-10 code C61) per 100,000 ageadjusted male population. 5-12 Influenza and pneumonia The number of deaths from influenza and pneumonia (ICD-10 codes J10–J18) per 100,000 age-adjusted population. 5-13 Diabetes The number of deaths from diabetes (ICD-10 codes E10–E14) per 100,000 ageadjusted population. 5-14 Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis The number of deaths from chronic liver disease and cirrhosis (ICD-10 codes K70, K73–K74) per 100,000 age-adjusted population. 5-15 HIV disease The number of deaths from HIV disease (ICD-10 codes B20-B24) per 100,000 ageadjusted population. 5-16 Septicemia The number of deaths from septicemia (ICD-10 codes A40-A41) per 100,000 ageadjusted population. 5-17 Alzheimer's disease The number of deaths from Alzheimer’s disease (ICD-10 code G30) per 100,000 age-adjusted population. 5-18 Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis (kidney disease) The number of deaths from nephritis, nephritic syndrome and nephrosis (ICD-10 codes N00–N07, N17–N19,N25–N27) per 100,000 age-adjusted population. 5-19 Essential (primary) hypertension The number of deaths from essential (primary) hypertension (ICD-10 codes I10, I12) per 100,000 age-adjusted population. 5-20 Total mortality from all causes Total number of deaths from all causes per 100,000 age-adjusted population. 133 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Figure number 6. MORTALITY FROM INJURIES Indicator Definition 6-1 Unintentional injuries The number of deaths from unintentional injuries in accidents (ICD-10 codes V01– X59, Y85–Y86) per 100,000 age-adjusted population. 6-2 Motor vehicle-related injuries The number of deaths from motor vehicle-related injuries (ICD-10 codes V02–V04, V09.0, V09.2, V12–V14, V19.0–V19.2, V19.4–V19.6,V20–V79, V80.3–V80.5, V81.0– V81.1, V82.0–V82.1, V83–V86, V87.0–V87.8, V88.0–V88.8, V89.0, V89.2) per 100,000 age-adjusted population. 6-3 Fall-related injuries The number of deaths from fall-related injuries (ICD-10 codes W00-W19) per 100,000 age-adjusted population. 6-4 Drowning mortality The number of deaths due to accidental drowning and submersion (ICD-10 codes W65-W74) per 100,000 age-adjusted population. The number of deaths by firearms (ICD-10 codes W32–W34, X72–X74, X93–X95, Y22–Y24, Y35.0) per 100,000 age-adjusted population. Causes of death attributable to firearm mortality include accidental discharge of firearms, intentional self-harm (suicide) by discharge of firearms, assault (homicide) by discharge of firearms, discharge of firearms, undetermined intent; and legal intervention involving firearm discharge. Deaths from injury by firearms exclude deaths due to explosives and other causes indirectly related to firearms. The number of drug-induced deaths (ICD-10 codes F11.0–F11.5, F11.7–F11.9, F12.0–F12.5, F12.7–F12.9, F13.0–F13.5, F13.7–F13.9, F14.0–F14.5, F14.7–F14.9, F15.0–F15.5, F15.7–F15.9, F16.0–F16.5, F16.7–F16.9, F17.0, F17.3–F17.5, F17.7– F17.9, F18.0–F18.5, F18.7–F18.9, F19.0–F19.5, F19.7–F19.9, X40–X44, X60–X64, X85, Y10–Y14) per 100,000 age-adjusted population. Causes of death attributable to drug-induced mortality include selected codes from the ICD-10 title Mental and behavioral disorders due to psychoactive substance use, accidental poisoning by and exposure to drugs, medicaments and biological substances; intentional self-poisoning (suicide) by and exposure to drugs; assault (homicide) by drugs, medicaments and biological substances; and poisoning by and exposure to drugs, medicaments and biological substances, undetermined intent. Drug-induced causes exclude accidents, homicides, and other causes indirectly related to drug use. Also excluded are newborn deaths associated with mother’s drug use. The number of alcohol-induced deaths (ICD-10 codes F10, G31.2, G62.1, I42.6, K29.2, K70, R78.0, X45, X65, Y15) per 100,000 age-adjusted population. Causes of death attributable to alcohol-induced mortality include mental and behavioral disorders due to alcohol use, degeneration of nervous system due to alcohol, alcoholic polyneuropathy, alcoholic cardiomyopathy, alcoholic gastritis, alcoholic liver disease, finding of alcohol in blood, accidental poisoning by and exposure to alcohol, intentional self-poisoning by and exposure to alcohol; and poisoning by and exposure to alcohol, undetermined intent. Alcohol-induced causes exclude accidents, homicides, and other causes indirectly related to alcohol use. 6-5 Injury by firearms 6-6 Drug-induced deaths 6-7 Alcohol-induced deaths 6-8 Intentional self-harm (suicide) The number of deaths due to intentional self-harm (ICD-10 codes X60-X84, Y87.0) per 100,000 age-adjusted population. 6-9 Assault (homicide) The number of homicides (ICD-10 codes X85-X09, Y87.1) per 100,000 age-adjusted population. 134 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Figure number 7. AGE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY Indicators Definition 7-1 Mortality of children 1-14 years old The number of deaths per 100,000 children 1-14 years old in 2001 7-2 Mortality of adolescents 15-19 years old The number of deaths per 100,000 adolescents 15-19 years old in 2001 7-3 Mortality of young adults 20-44 years old The number of deaths per 100,000 young adults 20-44 years old in 2001 7-4 Mortality of middle-aged adults 45-64 years old The number of deaths per 100,000 middle-aged adults 45-64 years old in 2001 Figure number 8. PREMATURE MORTALITY Indicators 8-1 Average age at death from all causes The average age of Arizonans who died in 2001. 8-2 Average age at death from all causes among males The average age of Arizona males who died in 2001. 8-3 Average age at death from all causes among females The average age of Arizona females who died in 2001. 8-4 Percent of total deaths before expected years of life reached The number of deaths before reaching 76.9 years (the life expectancy of all U.S. residents in 2001) per 100 deaths. Figure number 9. REPORTABLE DISEASES Indicators 9-1 Incidence of early syphilis Number of reported cases of early syphilis per 100,000 population. 9-2 Incidence of gonorrhea Number of reported cases of gonorrhea per 100,000 population. 9-3 Incidence of chlamydia Number of reported cases of chlamydia per 100,000 population. 9-4 Incidence of genital herpes Number of reported cases of genital herpes per 100,000 population. 9-5 Incidence of AIDS Number of reported cases of AIDS per 100,000 population. 135 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 Terms Related to Mortality Age-adjusted mortality rates - Because mortality from most causes of death occurs predominately among the elderly, a population group with a larger proportion of older persons would have a higher mortality rate. The "age-adjustment" removes the effect of the age differences among sub-populations (or in the same population over time) by placing them all in a population with a standard age distribution. All age-adjusted mortality rates in this report were computed by the direct method, that is by weighting the age-specific rates for a given year by the age distribution of a standard population. The weighted age-specific rates are then added to produce the summary rate for all ages combined. Beginning with the 2000 data year, a new population standard for the age adjustment of mortality rates has replaced the standard based on the 1940 population and used since 1943. The new standard uses the age composition of the 2000 U.S. projected population. The standard is expressed in terms of a “standard million”: the relative distribution of the 2000 population of the United States totaling 1 million in 10-year age groups: Age group 2001 population 2001 deaths A B C <1 1-4 5-14 15-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75-84 85+ 80,100 315,505 794,167 755,386 768,714 795,424 649,437 457,603 376,417 243,673 70,905 587 145 175 728 912 1758 2849 4149 7468 11912 10124 Age-specific rates in 2001 D (C/B)*100000 732.8 46.0 22.0 96.4 118.6 221.0 438.7 906.7 1984.0 4888.5 14281.1 2000 standard E .013818 .055317 .145565 .138646 .135573 .162613 .134834 .087247 .066037 .044842 .015508 TOTAL Ageadjusted rate for 2001 F D*E 10.1 2.5 3.2 13.4 16.1 35.9 59.2 79.1 131.0 219.2 221.4 791.2 Age-specific mortality - Number of deaths in a specific age group during a calendar year. Cause of death - For the purpose of national mortality statistics, every death is attributed to one underlying condition, based on information reported on the death certificate and utilizing the international rules for selecting the underlying cause of death from the reported conditions. Cause-specific mortality - Number of deaths from a specified cause during a calendar year. Classification of causes of death - The cause of death used in this report is the underlying cause classified according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). Beginning with the 2000 data year in Arizona (1999 nationally), a new revision of the International Classification of Diseases was implemented. The Tenth Revision (ICD-10) has replaced the Ninth Revision (ICD-9), which was in effect since 1979. The measures of comparison between ICD-9 and ICD-10 – the “comparability ratios” – for the causes of death shown in this report are available on the Arizona Vital Statistics web site at http://www.hs.state.az.us/plan/2000ahs/pdf/452_455codn.pdf. 136 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 POPULATION DENOMINATORS 137 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 POPULATION BY RACE/ETHNIC GROUP: ARIZONA RESIDENTS, 1990, 2000 AND 2001 (Numbers rounded to nearest thousand) Ethnic group American Indian 1990 2000 2001 % of total population in 2001 203,527 255,879 264,690 4.4 Asian 55,026 98,969 102,377 1.9 Black 110,524 158,873 164,344 3.1 Hispanic 688,338 1,295,617 1,340,240 25.3 White non-Hispanic 2,607,633 3,274,258 3,387,025 63.8 TOTAL 3,665,228 5,130,632 5,307,331 Note: Data for 1990 and 2000 are the census counts. In order to obtain the 2001 population denominators, the 2000 percentages of population breakdowns (or census shares) by race/ethnicity, age group and gender were applied to total state population estimates released by the Bureau of the Census on 4/24/2002 (http://eire.census.gov/popest/estimates.php). The total for all groups includes racial/ethnic groups other than White non-Hispanic, Hispanic, Black, American Indian and Asian. 139 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 2001 ESTIMATED POPULATION BY AGE GROUP, GENDER AND RACE/ETHNICITY, ARIZONA, 2001 <1 White non-Hispanic 35,938 1-4 5-14 15-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75-84 85+ Total 146,579 400,406 397,984 435,523 526,417 479,921 365,037 318,788 217,163 63,258 3,387,025 Male 18,330 75,316 205,990 204,258 224,197 264,200 234,566 174,064 151,692 94,068 21,163 1,667,848 Female 17,608 71,263 194,416 193,726 211,326 262,217 245,355 190,973 167,096 123,095 42,095 1,719,177 Hispanic 33,345 125,211 278,524 258,516 239,562 180,395 109,147 58,115 36,277 16,716 4,420 1,340,240 Male 17,082 64,007 142,474 139,231 128,517 93,890 54,945 27,714 16,460 6,999 1,510 692,833 Female 16,263 61,204 136,050 119,285 111,045 86,505 54,202 30,401 19,817 9,717 2,910 647,407 2,774 11,217 30,432 27,065 27,115 27,868 17,970 9,839 6,095 2,937 1,021 164,344 Male 1,455 5,728 15,549 14,641 14,988 15,269 9,653 4,906 2,868 1,184 327 86,573 Female 1,319 5,489 14,883 12,424 12,127 12,599 8,317 4,933 3,227 1,753 694 77,771 American Indian 5,216 20,809 60,938 48,537 38,347 37,043 24,926 14,506 8,831 4,094 1,435 264,690 Male 2,595 10,513 30,762 24,467 18,957 17,671 11,671 6,589 3,875 1,693 532 129,328 Female 2,621 10,296 30,176 24,070 19,390 19,372 13,255 7,917 4,956 2,401 903 135,362 1,293 5,687 13,128 15,995 21,794 18,161 12,755 7,097 4,433 1,610 411 102,377 Male 643 2,809 6,712 8,399 10,721 8,277 5,183 2,957 1,758 659 179 48,304 Female 650 2,878 6,416 7,596 11,073 9,884 7,572 4,140 2,675 951 232 54,073 80,100 315,505 794,167 755,386 768,714 795,424 649,437 457,603 376,417 243,673 70,905 5,307,331 Male 40,962 161,436 406,912 394,703 400,684 402,180 318,339 217,653 177,624 105,086 23,825 2,649,404 Female 39,138 154,070 387,254 360,683 368,030 393,244 331,098 239,950 198,793 138,587 47,080 2,657,927 Black Asian Total NOTE: In order to obtain the 2001 population denominators, the 2000 percentages of population breakdowns (or census shares) by race/ethnicity, age group and gender were applied to total state population estimates released by the Bureau of the Census on 4/24/2002 (http://eire.census.gov/popest/estimates.php). The total for all groups includes racial/ethnic groups other than White nonHispanic, Hispanic, Black, American Indian and Asian 140 Our Web site at http://www.hs.state.az.us/plan provides instantaneous access to a wide range of statistical information about health status and use of health care in Arizona. The Arizona Health Status and Vital Statistics annual report examines trends in natality, mortality and morbidity towards established health objectives. Additional data can be found in the special reports and studies focused on differences in the health status by ethnic group, suicide mortality, unintentional injury mortality among children and adolescents, firearm-related fatalities, unintentional drowning deaths, drug-related mortality, teenage pregnancy and abortion practices in Arizona. Office of Epidemiology and Statistics Bureau of Public Health Statistics Public Health Services ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH SERVICES