NEW COMMITMENT PROFILE: FY2001 A report on the juveniles committed to Arizona’s Juvenile Corrections System Fiscal Year 2001. 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Arizona Department of Juvenile Corrections New Commitment Profile is a study of the juveniles committed to Arizona’s juvenile corrections system throughout Fiscal Year 2001. This report, prepared by the Arizona Department of Juvenile Corrections (ADJC) Research and Development Section (R/D), presents statistical information about the demographic, commitment offenses, needs assessments, and other related details for the relevant juveniles. This report is a compilation of the collection and analysis of data from Arizona juvenile court commitment orders, ADJC’s juvenile database, YouthBase, as well as other files maintained by R/D. Some of the major findings noted in the report include: ¾ There were 893 juveniles committed to ADJC in FY 2001, a decrease of 9.5% from the 987 juveniles committed in FY 2000. ¾ The vast majority (66.6%) of new commitments were attributable to three offender subgroups: First Time Felons, Second Time Felons, and Misdemeanants. ¾ Most (85.8%) juveniles had six or more court referrals at the time of their commitment. ¾ Approximately two-thirds (67.6%) of the new commitments had two or fewer petitions for felony offenses. ¾ Almost one-half (48.9%) of the juveniles were twelve or younger at the time of their first court referral, while the most common age of commitment to ADJC was 17 years-old. ¾ Almost all of the juveniles in FY 2001 had Substance Abuse (98.0%), School Behavior (96.3%), and Peer Relationship (93.1%) needs. ¾ The proportion of new commitments with Probation Violation as their most serious committing offense increased over the last five years from 21.8% to 40.3%. ¾ The proportion of all commitments from Maricopa County increased from 41.7% in FY 2000 to 44.2% in FY 2001. ¾ The actual length of stay given to the youth decreased from an average of 7.4 months in FY 2000 to 7.0 months in FY 2001. 1 Figure 1: Monthly ADJC New Commitments Fiscal Year 2001 110 100 97 96 90 83 82 80 82 87 84 71 70 75 72 68 60 69 67 61 66 62 61 50 54 67 63 55 58 55 48 40 30 Jul-00 Aug-00 Sep-00 Oct-00 Nov-00 Dec-00 Jan-01 Total New Commits w/Court-Ordered LOS Feb-01 Mar-01 Apr-01 May-01 Jun-01 Total Monthly New Commits Highlights of the analyses relevant to Fiscal Year 2001 ™ There were 893 juveniles committed to ADJC in FY 2001, a decrease of 9.5% from the 987 juveniles committed in FY 2000. ™ Juvenile court judges committed 790 juveniles (88.5% of the 893 new commitments) in FY 2001 with a court-ordered minimum length of stay for placement in a secure facility, decreasing from 92% in FY 2000. ™ Monthly new commitments averaged 74 juveniles per month, with a high of 97 in May of 2001, and a low of 55 in April 2001. ™ Almost half (48.9%) of the new commitments were committed on a property offense. ™ Most (91.1%) of the new commitments were not attending school or had severe problems with school prior to being committed to ADJC. ™ Many (38.5%) of the new commitments had violent expressions and behaviors, including: controlling, harming and instilling fear in their victims. 2 Table 1: ADJC Juvenile Profile Analysis of data and trends enabled ADJC to develop a meaningful profile of juveniles committed into its custody. A typical new commitment to ADJC: He was a 17 year-old Hispanic male from Maricopa County. His most serious commitment offense was a misdemeanor, and most likely was theft. He was committed to ADJC with a court-ordered length of stay of 7.0 months and he was determined to have a moderate risk to re-offend. His placement according to both ADJC matrix and court-ordered minimum was in a secure facility. Table 1 Gender Age Ethnicity County Offense Class Level Court Ordered Length of Stay Risk Level Placement FY 1997 FY 1998 FY 1999 FY 2000 FY 2001 Male 16 Hispanic Maricopa Burglary Felony 6 Yes 7.0 months Moderate Secure Care Male 16 Hispanic Maricopa Theft Misdemeanor Yes 6.8 months Moderate Secure Care Male 16 Hispanic Maricopa Theft Misdemeanor Yes 6.9 months Moderate Secure Care Male 17 Hispanic Maricopa Theft Misdemeanor Yes 7.4 months Moderate Secure Care Male 17 Hispanic Maricopa Theft Misdemeanor Yes 7.0 months Moderate Secure Care As shown in Table 1, the profile for the typical juvenile committed to ADJC has remained consistent throughout all five years. TABLES 2 AND 3; FIGURES 2, 3, AND 4: DEMOGRAPHIC AND DELINQUENCY PROFILES ™ The vast majority of new commitments during FY 2001 (88.5%) were male. ™ Hispanic juveniles accounted for 42.6% of the new commitments. Caucasian juveniles, with 38.9% accounted for the second largest racial/ethnic category, followed by African American juveniles (9.2%), Native American juveniles (4.5%), Mexican National juveniles (4.5%), Asian juveniles (0.2%), and juveniles from other racial/ethnic categories (0.2%). ™ Over one-half (61.3%) of the new commitments were 16 or 17 years old at the time of commitment. A large percentage (21.6%) were 15 years old, followed by 14 year olds (11.6%), 13 year olds (5.2%), and 12 year olds (0.3%) ™ Over half (52.1%) of the new commitments were determined to have a moderate risk to re-offend, while juveniles with a high risk to re-offend represented 31.8%, and juveniles with a low risk to re-offend represented 16.1% of the total. ™ Many (85.8%) had six or more referrals at the time of commitment to ADJC. Fully 90.8% of those committed on Misdemeanor offenses had six or more referrals. 3 ™ Approximately two-thirds (67.6%) had two or fewer petitions for felony offenses, and 70.7% of the Misdemeanants had two or fewer petitions for felony offenses. ™ More than two-thirds (74.6%) had four or more adjudications. ™ Thirteen (21.1%) was the most common age of first juvenile referral, however, 48.9% were 12 or younger at their first referral and approximately one third (30.0%) were 14 or older. TABLES 4A AND 4B: COMMITMENT PROFILES FOR PRE AND POST SENATE BILL 1446 OFFENDER SUBGROUPS ™ In FY 2001 the vast majority (66.6%) of commitments were composed of three offender subgroups: First Time Felons, Second Time Felons, and Misdemeanants. ™ First Time Felons decreased from 20.1% in FY 2000 to 18.6% in FY 2001. Second Time Felons also decreased from 20.2% in FY 2000 to 17.4% in FY 2001. Misdemeanants remained consistent throughout Fiscal Years 2000 (30.8%) and 2001 (30.6%). ™ Chronic Felons age 15+ decreased from 17.0% in FY 2000 to 13.9% in FY 2001, while juveniles Age 14+ Accused of Selected Offenses (Discretionary) increased significantly from 3.3% in FY 2000 to 10.4% in FY 2001. ™ Half (50.6%) of the juveniles categorized as First Time Felons were committed to ADJC on a Violation of Probation, decreasing from 58.1% in FY 2000. ™ Second Time Felons committed to ADJC with a Violation of Probation as their committing offense represented 38.7% of the total, decreasing from 49.8% in FY 2000. ™ Appendix available for Offender Subgroup definitions in the back of this report. TTaabbllee 55;; FFiigguurreess 55 aanndd 66:: O Offffeennssee SSuubbggrroouupp PPrrooffiilleess ™ According to risk assessments completed for juveniles committed to ADJC in FY 2001, over two-thirds (73.9%) were serious abusers of alcohol and drugs, and 60.1% were not attending school. Over one quarter (31.0%) were having severe problems at school. ™ Almost half (47.7%) had gang affiliations; 34.7% had three or more property offenses and 20.4% had two or more assaultive offenses. Approximately onefifth (18.8%) had two or more drug offenses, and 15.6% had a weapons offense in their background. 4 TABLE 6 AND 7; LENGTH OF COURT-ORDERED MANDATORY MINIMUM SENTENCES BY RISK LEVEL AND OFFENSE SEVERITY ™ Only 8.1% of juveniles assessed as having a high risk to re-offend were given more than twelve months. ™ Juveniles assessed as having a low risk to re-offend represented the highest percentage (11.8%) of the juveniles given more than twelve months by juvenile court judges. ™ More than three quarters (79.9%) of the new commitments received between three and twelve months. ™ The majority of juveniles given a court-ordered length of stay (43.3%) were given between six and twelve months. TABLE 8; PROPORTION OF ADJC COMMITMENTS WITH COURT-ORDERED MANDATORY MINIMUM SENTENCES BY COUNTY ™ Most of the rural counties committed 100% of the juveniles from those counties with a court-ordered minimum. ™ Juveniles committed from Navajo County with a court-ordered minimum sentence decreased significantly from 94.7% in FY 2000 to 57.1% in FY 2001. ™ Most (95.4%) of the juveniles committed from Pima County were committed with a court-ordered minimum sentence, a slight decrease from 97% in FY 2000. TABLE 9 AND 10; FIGURE 7: DISTRIBUTION BY FELONY CLASS OFFENSE SUBGROUP ™ The actual length of stay given to the youth decreased from an average of 7.4 months in FY 2000 to 7.0 months in FY 2001. ™ The majority (58.5%) of commitments were for juveniles who were committed on the least serious offenses, which are classified under Arizona state law as class 6 felonies or misdemeanors. ™ The actual lengths of stay were higher than the matrix guideline length of stay for class 4 and 5 felony level offenses (7.5 months vs. 6 months matrix) and class 6 felony (6.1 months vs. 3 months) and misdemeanor offenses (6.0 months vs. 3 months). 5 Table 11; Figure 8: Offense Subgroups – All Commitments ™ Crimes against persons represented 17.8% of the new commitments, decreasing from 19.3% in FY 2000. Aggravated Assault represented 6.5%, the largest category of crimes against persons. ™ Almost half (48.9%) of the new commitments were committed on property offenses. Theft, including Theft of Vehicle, represented the highest percentage of property offenses with 15.5%. ™ Three out of twenty juveniles were committed to ADJC on a drug offense. The highest percentage was for Marijuana Possession with 8.2% of the total. ™ Public Order offenses represented 9.7% of the new commitments, with Disorderly Conduct (3.5%) depicting the largest percent. TABLE 12; FIGURES 9 AND 10: NEEDS IDENTIFIED – ALL COMMITMENTS ™ Many juveniles have serious substance abuse, school behavior, emotional, and other needs. These needs affect the juveniles’ ability to respond appropriately to ADJC treatment programs. ™ Almost all of the juveniles in FY 2001 had Substance Abuse (98%), School Behavior (96.3%), and Peer Relationship (93.1%) needs. ™ A few gender-based differences were found in the needs of the juveniles including Sexual Behavior needs: females (62.1%), males (14.6%), Family Substance Abuse: females (82.5%), males (50.8%), and Peer Relationships: females (77.7%), males, (95.2%). ™ Males had more needs than females in Education/Employment: males (74.0%), females (45.6%) and Intellectual/ Educational Deficits: males (92.4%), females (74.8%) there were slight differences in Violent Behavior issues: males (90.3%), females (83.5%), and Theft Behavior: males (90.5%), females (89.3%). ™ Many (38.5%) of the new commitments had violent expressions and behaviors, including: controlling, harming and instilling fear in their victims. ™ Juveniles exhibiting excessive responses, which prohibit or severely limit adequate functioning; including incidents of suicidal gestures represented 32.2% of all juveniles committed to ADJC in FY 2001. ™ Many (37.7%) of the juveniles committed to ADJC had a lack of cooperation between family members, resulting in outside intervention. 6 Table 2 ADJC Offense Subgroup Demographic and Risk Profiles Fiscal Years 1998 through 2001 FY 1998 FY 1999 FY 2000 FY 2001 Caucasian African American Native American Hispanic Asian Other Mexican National 480 (36.0%) 138 (10.3%) 62 (4.6%) 597 (44.8%) 12 (0.9%) 9 (0.7%) 36 (2.7%) 381 (37.9%) 103 (10.2%) 52 (5.2%) 421 (41.9%) 7 (0.7%) 4 (0.4%) 37 (3.7%) 369 (37.4%) 347 (38.9%) 90 (9.1%) 82 (9.2%) 62 (6.3%) 40 (4.5%) 433 (43.9%) 380 (42.6%) 6 (0.6%) 2 (0.2%) 1 (0.1%) 2 (0.2%) 26 (2.6%) 40 (4.5%) Female Male 164 (12.3%) 1170 (87.7%) 137 (13.6%) 868 (86.4%) 140 (14.2%) 103 (11.5%) 847 (85.8%) 790 (88.5%) 11 and younger 12 years old 13 years old 14 years old 15 years old 16 years old 17 years old 2 17 54 181 318 393 369 2 7 58 121 231 290 293 Low Moderate High 223 (16.7%) 664 (49.8%) 447 (33.5%) 190 (18.9%) 508 (50.5%) 307 (30.5%) 213 (21.6%) 144 (16.1%) 489 (49.5%) 465 (52.1%) 285 (28.9%) 284 (31.8%) Maricopa Pinal Pima Greenlee Graham Yuma La Paz Mohave Yavapai Navajo Apache Gila Coconino Santa Cruz Cochise 670 (50.2%) 76 (5.7%) 310 (23.2%) -022 (1.6%) 53 (4.0%) 4 (0.3%) 54 (4.0%) 25 (1.9%) 13 (1.0%) 7 (0.5%) 22 (1.6%) 26 (1.9%) 10 (0.7%) 42 (3.1%) 448 (44.5%) 50 (5.0%) 283 (28.2%) -015 (1.5%) 53 (5.3%) 2 (0.2%) 39 (3.9%) 24 (2.4%) 12 (1.2%) 3 (0.3%) 26 (2.6%) 12 (1.2%) 10 (1.0%) 28 (2.8%) 412 (41.7%) 395 (44.2%) 74 (7.5%) 72 (8.0%) 271 (27.5%) 219 (24.5%) -0-06 (0.6%) 7 (0.8%) 48 (4.9%) 48 (5.4%) 3 (0.3%) 2 (0.2%) 41 (4.2%) 40 (4.5%) 24 (2.4%) 33 (3.7%) 19 (1.9%) 14 (1.6%) 12 (1.2%) 3 (0.3%) 13 (1.3%) 11 (1.2%) 10 (1.0%) 15 (1.7%) 15 (1.5%) 12 (1.3%) 39 (4.0%) 22 (2.5%) TOTALS (0.2%) (1.3%) (4.0%) (13.6%) (23.8%) (29.5%) (27.7%) 1334 (100%) (0.2%) (0.7%) (5.8%) (12.0%) (23.0%) (28.8%) (29.5%) 1005 (100%) 7 13 52 123 240 279 280 -0(1.3%) (5.3%) (12.5%) (24.3%) (28.3%) (28.4%) 987 (100%) 3 46 104 193 257 290 -0(0.3%) (5.2%) (11.6%) (21.6%) (28.8%) (32.5%) 893 (100%) Figure 2 Race/Ethnicity FY 2001 Asian 0.2% Other 0.2% Mexican National 4.5% Native American 4.5% African American 9.2% Hispanic 42.6% Caucasian 38.9% N=893 8 Table 3 ADJC Offense Subgroup Delinquency Profiles Fiscal Years 1998 through 2001 Group Total FY 1998 FY 1999 FY 2000 FY 2001 Age at First Juvenile Referral 7 years and younger 8 to 10 years old 11 years old 12 years old 13 years old 14 years old 15 or older 5 198 159 251 267 213 211 (0.4%) (14.8%) (11.9%) (18.9%) (20.0%) (18.2%) (15.8%) 6 148 102 186 218 178 167 (0.6%) (14.7%) (10.1%) (18.5%) (21.7%) (17.7%) (16.6%) 1 (0.1%) 160 (16.2%) 127 (12.9%) 173 (17.5%) 215 (21.8%) 146 (14.8%) 165 (16.7%) Number of Referrals 1 referral 2 referrals 3 to 5 referrals 6 to 10 referrals 11 to 15 referrals 16 & more 10 29 166 539 351 239 (0.7%) (2.2%) (12.4%) (40.4%) (26.3%) (17.9%) 26 16 124 381 282 176 (2.6%) (1.6%) (12.3%) (37.9%) (28.1%) (17.5%) 18 17 124 412 267 149 (1.8%) (1.7%) (12.6%) (41.7%) (27.1%) (15.1%) 18 (2.0%) 20 (2.2%) 89 (10.0% 348 (39.0%) 255 (28.6%) 163 (18.3%) Petitions for Felony Offenses 0 petitions 1 petition 2 petitions 3 petitions 4 petitions 5 & more petitions 103 306 391 248 149 137 (7.7%) (22.9%) (29.3%) (18.6%) (11.2%) (10.%) 83 (8.3%) 273 (27.2%) 280 (27.9%) 205 (20.4%) 85 (8.5%) 79 (7.9%) 106 293 271 185 83 49 (10.7%) (29.7%) (27.5%) (18.7%) (8.4%) (5.0%) 101 (11.3%) 252 (28.2%) 251 (28.1%) 189 (21.2%) 60 (6.7%) 40 (4.5%) Number of Adjudications 1 adjudication 2-3 adjudications 4-5 adjudications 6-7 adjudications 8 & more 57 376 474 241 186 (4.3%) (28.2%) (35.5%) (18.1%) (13.9%) 65 236 356 207 141 53 266 357 191 120 (5.4%) (27.0%) (36.2%) (19.4%) (12.2%) 47 (5.3%) 180 (20.2%) 316 (35.4%) 213 (23.9%) 137 (15.3%) 9 (6.5%) (23.5%) (35.4%) (20.6%) (14.0%) 1 161 116 159 188 138 130 (0.1%) (18.0%) (13.0%) (17.8%) (21.1%) (15.5%) (14.5%) Figure 3 Number of Referrals at the Time of Commitment to ADJC FY 2001 1 referral 2.0% 16 & more 18.3% 2 referrals 2.2% 3 to 5 referrals 10.0% 11 to 15 referrals 28.6% 6 to 10 referrals 39.0% N=893 Figure 4 Number of Adjudications at the Time of Commitment to ADJC FY 2001 8 & more 15.3% 1 adjudication 5.3% 2 to 3 adjudications 20.2% 6 to 7 adjudications 23.9% 4 to 5 adjudications 35.4% N=893 10 Table 4a ADJC New Commitment Profiles for Pre and Post SB 1446 Offender Subgroups Including All Felonies FY 1998 FY 1999 FY 2000 FY 2001 1. Age 15+ Specified Violent Felonies (Mandatory Exclusion) 4 (0.3%) 1 (0.1%) 0 0 56 (4.2%) 24 (2.4%) 15 (1.5%) 23 (2.6%) 33 (2.5%) 32 (3.2%) 168 (17.0%) 124 (13.9%) 7 (0.5%) 6 (0.6%) 2 (0.2%) 1 (0.1%) 5. Age 14+ Accused of Selected Offenses (Discretionary) 206 (15.4%) 138 (13.7%) 33 (3.3%) 93 (10.4%) 6. Age 14, Chronic (Discretionary) 7 (0.5%) 3 (0.3%) 27 (2.7%) 13 2. Age 15+ Legislatively Defined Felonies (Mandatory Exclusion) 3. Age 15+ Chronic Felons (Mandatory Exclusion) 4. Felons with Prior Transfers (Mandatory Exclusion) (1.5%) 7. First Time Felons 359 (26.9%) 276 (27.5%) 198 (20.1%) 166 (18.6%) 8. Second Time Felons (>14 years old) 135 (10.1%) 139 (13.8%) 199 (20.2%) 155 (17.4%) 9. Misdemeanants 381 (28.6%) 321 (31.9%) 304 (30.8%) 273 (30.6%) 10. Under Age 14 Chronic Felons 6 (0.4%) 3 (0.3%) 18 (1.8%) 5 (0.6%) 11. Under Age 14 Second Time Felons 8 (0.6%) 20 (2.0%) 16 (1.6%) 16 (1.8%) 12. Under age 15 Violent Felonies 6 (0.4%) 5 (0.5%) 3 (0.3%) 5 (0.6%) 126 (9.4%) 37 (3.7%) 4 (0.4%) 19 (2.1%) 13. Violation of Probation Totals 1334 11 1005 987 893 Table 4b ADJC New Commitment Profiles for Pre and Post SB 1446 Offender Subgroups Including All Felonies With Probation Violators Identified FY 2001 Total VOP % 0 0 0 23 15 65.2% 124 31 25.0% 1 0 0 (Discretionary) 93 40 43.0% 6. Age 14, Chronic (Discretionary) 13 2 15.4% 7. First Time Felons 166 84 50.6% 8. Second Time Felons (>14 years old) 155 60 38.7% 9. Misdemeanants 273 103 37.7% 10. Under Age 14 Chronic Felons 5 4 80.0% 11. Under Age 14 Second Time Felons 16 4 25.0% 12. Under age 15 Violent Felonies 5 0 0 13. Violation of Probation 19 17 89.5% 893 360 40.3% 1. Age 15+ Specified Violent Felonies (Mandatory Exclusion) 2. Age 15+ Legislatively Defines Felonies (Mandatory Exclusion) 3. Age 15+ Chronic Felons (Mandatory Exclusion) 4. Felons with Prior Transfers (Mandatory Exclusion) 5. Age 14+ Accused of Selected Offenses Totals 12 Table 5 Offense Subgroup Profiles Fiscal Year 2001 Group Total Violation of Probation All Assaultive Offense Less than 2 2 or more 711 182 (79.6%) (20.4%) 304 (84.4%) 56 (15.6%) Property Offense Less than 3 3 or more 583 310 (65.3%) (34.7%) 266 (73.9%) 94 (26.1%) Drug Offense Less than 2 2 or more 725 168 (81.2%) (18.8%) 305 (84.7%) 55 (15.3%) Weapons Offense No Yes 754 139 (84.4%) (15.6%) 316 (87.8%) 44 (12.2%) Affiliated w/Gang No Yes 467 426 (52.3%) (47.7%) 178 182 Known Use Alcohol & Drug No Evidence Experimenting Some Abuse Serious Abuse 23 (2.6%) 41 (4.6%) 169 (18.9%) 660 (73.9%) 7 (1.9%) 10 (2.8%) 66 (18.3%) 277 (76.9%) Attend School w/o Truant Behavior Problems No Problem Some Problem Severe Problem No School 24 (2.7%) 55 (6.2%) 277 (31.0%) 537 (60.1%) 7 (1.9%) 19 (5.3%) 119 (33.1%) 215 (59.7%) 13 (49.4%) (50.6%) Figure 5 ADJC Violation of Probation Commitments FY 2001 - Substance Abuse No Evidence 1.9% Experimenting 2.8% Some Abuse 18.3% Serious Abuse 76.9% N=360 Figure 6 ADJC Violation of Probation Commitments FY 2001 - School Behavior No Problem 1.9% Some Problem 5.3% Severe Problem 33.1% No School 59.7% 14 N=360 Table 6 Length of Court-Ordered Mandatory Minimum Sentences by Risk Level Fiscal Year 2001 Length of Sentence 3 months or less 3 to 6 months 6 to 12 months 12 months High Risk Moderate Risk 25 (10.1%) 87 (35.2%) 115 (46.6%) 20 (8.1%) 58 (13.9%) 155 (37.3%) 181 (43.5%) 22 (5.3%) Low Risk 19 47 46 15 (15.0%) (37.0%) (36.2%) (11.8%) Total 102 (12.9%) 289 (36.6%) 342 (43.3%) 57 (7.2%) Table 7 Length of Court-Ordered Mandatory Minimum Sentences for All Commitments and Probation Violators Fiscal Year 2001 Length of Sentence 3 months or less 3 to 6 months 6 to 12 months 12 months All Commitments 102 289 342 57 (12.9%) (36.6%) (43.3%) (7.2%) 15 Probation Violation 46 (14.4%) 114 (35.6%) 142 (44.4%) 18 (5.6%) Table 8 Proportion of ADJC Commitments with Court-Ordered Mandatory Minimum Sentences by County Fiscal Years 1998 through 2001 Group Total Maricopa Pinal Pima Greenlee Graham Yuma La Paz Mohave Yavapai Navajo Apache Gila Coconino Santa Cruz Cochise Total FY 1998 FY 1999 FY 2000 FY 2001 1334 1005 987 893 All Court Ordered All 670 76 310 22 53 4 54 25 13 7 22 26 10 42 584 (89.3%) 72 (94.7%) 304 (98.1%) 22 (100%) 51 (96.2%) 4 (100%) 52 (96.3%) 24 (96.0%) 13 (100%) 6 (85.7%) 22 (100%) 26 (100%) 8 (80.0%) 40 (95.2%) 448 50 283 15 53 2 39 24 12 3 26 12 10 28 1334 1228 (92.1%) 1005 Court Ordered All Court Ordered All 368 (82.1%) 39 (78.0%) 274 (96.8%) 15 (100%) 53 (100%) 2 (100%) 39 (100%) 24 (100%) 12 (100%) 3 (100%) 26 (100%) 12 (100%) 8 (80.0%) 23 (82.1%) 412 74 271 6 48 3 41 24 19 12 13 10 15 39 360 (87.4%) 63 (85.1%) 263 (97.0%) 6 (100%) 48 (100%) 2 (66.7%) 40 (97.6%) 24 (100%) 18 (94.7%) 12 (100%) 13 (100%) 10 (100%) 15 (100%) 34 (87.2%) 395 72 219 7 48 2 40 33 14 3 11 15 12 22 328 (83.0%) 54 (75.0%) 209 (95.4%) 6 (85.7%) 48 (100%) 2 (100%) 40 (100%) 33 (100%) 8 (57.1%) 3 (100%) 11 (100%) 15 (100%) 11 (91.7%) 22 (100%) 898 (89.4%) 987 908 (92.0%) 893 790 (88.5%) 16 Court Ordered Table 9 Felony Class Offense Subgroups – All Commitments Fiscal Years 1998 through 2001 Group Total Felony Class 1 Felony Class 2 Felony Class 3 Felony Class 4 Felony Class 5 Felony Class 6 Misdemeanor FY 1998 FY 1999 FY 2000 FY 2001 1334 1005 987 893 76 266 223 120 268 381 (5.7%) (19.9%) (16.7%) (9.0%) (20.1%) (28.6%) 47 155 147 82 252 322 (4.7%) (15.4%) (14.6%) (8.3%) (25.1%) (32.0%) 51 142 141 94 253 306 (5.2%) (14.4%) (14.3%) (9.5%) (25.6%) (31.0%) 1 34 137 109 90 249 273 (0.1%) (3.8%) (15.3%) (12.2%) (10.1%) (27.9%) (30.6%) Table 10 Average Length of Sentences by Offense Severity Class Fiscal Years 1998 through 2001 Felony Class 1 Felony Class 2 Felony Class 3 Felony Class 4 Felony Class 5 Felony Class 6 Misdemeanor TOTAL FY 1998 FY 1999 FY 2000 FY 2001 Average # of Months Average # of Months Average # of Months Average # of Months 12.4 8.9 6.7 6.8 5.3 5.4 6.8 13.0 8.6 7.4 7.1 6.0 5.8 6.9 13.1 9.5 7.7 7.4 6.2 6.2 7.4 12 11.4 9.0 7.5 7.5 6.1 6.0 7.0 17 Figure 7 ADJC New Commitments Average Length of Sentence by Level of Most Serious Commitment Offense 14 13 13.1 12 12 12.4 11.4 10 9.5 8.9 8.6 9 8 7.4 7.7 7.5 6.8 6.7 7.1 7.4 7.5 6 6 6.2 6.1 5.4 5.3 5.8 6.2 6 4 2 0 0 0 0 Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 FY 1998 Class 4 FY 1999 Class 5 FY 2000 Class 6 Misdemeanor FY 2001 N=893 Class = Felony class as defined by A.R.S. 13-601 18 Table 11 Offense Subgroups – All Commitments Fiscal Years 1998 through 2001 Offense Group Total Crimes Against Persons: Homicide Kidnapping Sexual Assault Robbery Aggravated Assault Assault Sub Total Property Offenses: Burglary 1st Degree Burglary 2nd Degree Burglary 3rd Degree Shoplifting Theft <$250 Theft $251-$2,999 Theft $3,000-$24,999 Theft of Vehicle UUMT/Joyriding Criminal Damage Forgery/Fraud Trafficking Stolen Property Trespassing Sub Total Public Order: Disorderly Conduct Escape Resisting Arrest Contempt of Court False Report to Law Enforcement Unlawful Felony Flight Interference Judicial Proceed. Other Public Order Offenses Sub Total Drug Offenses: Dangerous Drug Possession/Sell/Use Drug Paraphernalia Possession Marijuana Possession Inhale/Possession Toxic Vapor Drugs On/Near School Grounds Marijuana Sale/Trafficking Narcotic Drugs Possession/Sell/Use Prescription Drugs Possession/Sell Miscellaneous Drug Offenses Sub Total Weapons Offenses All Other Offenses Liquor Possession Domestic Violence Tobacco Possession Other Misc. Offenses FY 1998 1334 FY 1999 1005 FY 2000 987 3 (0.2%) 2 (0.1%) 42 (3.1%) 17 (1.3%) 105 (7.9%) 87 (6.5%) 256 (19.2%) 35 22 51 74 182 (3.5%) (2.2%) (5.1%) (7.4%) (18.1%) 1 (0.1%) 46 (4.7%) 16 (1.6%) 59 (6.0%) 68 (6.9%) 190 (19.3%) 1 (0.1%) 1 (0.1%) 35 (3.9%) 10 (1.1%) 58 (6.5%) 54 (6.0%) 159 (17.8%) 11 (0.8%) 103 (7.7%) 96 (7.2%) 59 (4.4%) 13 (1.0%) 99 (7.4%) 124 (9.3%) 5 (0.4%) 57 (4.3%) 61 (4.6%) 8 (0.6%) 8 (0.6%) 33 (2.5%) 677 (50.7%) 7 (0.7%) 76 (7.6%) 69 (6.9%) 48 (4.8%) 22 (2.2%) 59 (5.9%) 50 (5.0%) 9 (0.9%) 48 (4.8%) 65 (6.5%) 14 (1.4%) 2 (0.2%) 20 (2.0%) 489 (48.6%) 8 (0.8%) 49 (5.0%) 57 (5.8%) 41 (4.2%) 28 (2.8%) 39 (4.0%) 59 (6.0%) 36 (3.6%) 67 (6.8%) 51 (5.2%) 10 (1.0%) 4 (0.4%) 22 (2.2%) 471 (47.8%) 2 (0.2%) 56 (6.3%) 56 (6.3%) 34 (3.8%) 24 (2.7%) 46 (5.2%) 10 (1.1%) 58 (6.5%) 67 (7.5%) 47 (5.3%) 11 (1.2%) 3 (0.3%) 23 (2.6%) 437 (48.9%) 48 36 6 32 4 1 8 135 36 (3.6%) 23 (2.3%) 18 (1.8%) 4 (0.4%) 24 (2.4%) 4 (0.4%) 3 (0.3%) 4 (0.4%) 116 (11.6%) (3.6%) (2.7%) (0.4%) (2.4%) (0.3%) (0.1%) (0.6%) (10.0%) 27 (2.0%) 26 (1.9%) 104 (7.8%) 14 (1.0%) 2 (0.1%) 1 (0.1%) 21 (1.6%) 1 (0.1%) 1 (0.1%) 197 (14.8%) 15 36 81 12 6 3 16 1 170 (1.5%) (3.6%) (8.1%) (1.2%) (0.6%) (0.3%) (1.6%) (0.1%) (17.0%) 43 22 13 (4.4%) (2.2%) (1.3%) 18 (1.8%) 4 (0.4%) 3 (0.3%) 2 (0.2%) 105 (10.6%) 7 38 76 7 10 5 17 (0.7%) (3.9%) (7.7%) (0.7%) (1.0%) (0.5%) (1.7%) 160 (16.2%) FY 2001 893 31 (3.5%) 16 (1.8%) 8 (0.9%) 21 (2.4%) 7 (0.8%) 4 (0.4%) 87 (9.7%) 11 (1.2%) 29 (3.2%) 73 (8.2%) 7 (0.8%) 3 (0.3%) 9 (1.0%) 16 (1.8%) 2 (0.2%) 150 (16.8%) 39 (2.9%) 20 (2.0%) 30 (3.0%) 22 (2.5%) 17 5 1 7 30 (1.3%) (0.4%) (0.1%) (0.5%) (2.2%) 17 5 2 4 28 (1.7%) (0.5%) (0.2%) (0.4%) (2.8%) 18 1 (1.8%) (0.1%) 23 (2.6%) 15 (1.8%) 38 (4.3%) Sub Total 19 12 31 (1.2%) (3.1%) Figure 8 ADJC New Commitments by Offense Subgroup FY 2001 Weapons Offenses 2.5% All Other Offenses 4.3% Crimes Against Persons 17.8% Drug Offenses 16.8% Public Order 9.7% Property Offenses 48.9% N=893 20 Table 12 Juvenile Needs by Gender Fiscal Year 2001 Treatment Service Factors Substance Abuse Sexual Behavior Violent Behavior Emotional Stability Theft Behavior Education/Social Skills Factors Life Skills Youth’s Parenting Skills Education/Employment (Vocational) Living Situation/Finances Intellectual/Educational Deficits Peer Relationships School Behavior/Adjustment Medical & Mental Health Factors Health/Hygiene History of Abuse/Neglect as a Victim Intra-Familial Sexual Abuse Family Environment Factors Conflict in Home Parenting Skills Substance Abuse/Family Family Criminality Disabilities of Caregivers Male Female Total 786 103 889* 769 (97.8%) 102 (99.0%) 112 (14.2%) 64 (62.1%) 710 (90.3%) 86 (83.5%) 507 (64.5%) 77 (74.8%) 711 (90.5%) 92 (89.3%) 871 (98.0%) 176 (19.8%) 796 (89.5%) 584 (65.7%) 803 (90.3%) 276 (35.1%) 44 (5.6%) 582 (74.0%) 179 (22.8%) 726 (92.4%) 748 (95.2%) 757 (96.3%) 37 (35.9%) 12 (11.7%) 47 (45.6%) 53 (51.5%) 77 (74.8%) 80 (77.7%) 99 (96.1%) 313 (35.2%) 56 (6.3%) 629 (70.8%) 232 (26.1%) 803 (90.3%) 828 (93.1%) 856 (96.3%) 220 (28.0%) 275 (35.0%) 56 (7.1%) 25 (24.3%) 75 (72.8%) 25 (24.3%) 245 (27.6%) 350 (39.4%) 81 (9.1%) 415 (52.8%) 393 (50.0%) 399 (50.8%) 426 (54.2%) 72 (9.2%) 86 (83.5%) 83 (80.6%) 85 (82.5%) 79 (76.7%) 17 (16.5%) 501 (56.4%) 476 (53.5%) 484 (54.4%) 505 (56.8%) 89 (10.0%) *Four juveniles did not have a Needs Assessment completed because they were not in an ADJC secure facility long enough before being transferred to the adult system. 21 Figure 9: Rank Order of Juvenile Needs: Male Commitments FY 2001 769 (97.8%) Substance Abuse 757 (96.3%) School Behavior/Adjustment 748 (95.2%) Peer Relationships 726 (92.4%) Intellectual/Educational Deficits Theft Behavior 711 (90.5%) Violent Behavior 710 (90.3%) 582 (74.0%) Education/Employment (Vocational) 507 (64.5%) Emotional Stability 426 (54.2%) Family Criminality 415 (52.8%) Conflict in Home 399 (50.8%) Substance Abuse/Family 393 (50.0%) Parenting Skills Life Skills 276 (35.1%) History of Abuse/Neglect as a Victim 275 (35.0%) 220 (28.0%) Health/Hygiene 179 (22.8%) Living Situation/Finances Sexual Behavior Disabilities of Caregivers Intra-Familial Sexual Abuse Youth's Parenting Skills 112 (14.2%) 72 (9.2%) 56 (7.1%) 44 (5.6%) 22 Figure 10: Rank Order of Juvenile Needs: Female Commitments FY 2001 102 (99.0%) Substance Abuse 99 (96.1%) School Behavior/Adjustment 92 (89.3%) Theft Behavior Conflict in Home 86 (83.5%) Violent Behavior 86 (83.5%) 85 (82.5%) Substance Abuse/Family 83 (80.6%) Parenting Skills 80 (77.7%) Peer Relationships 79 (76.7%) Family Criminality Intellectual/Educational Deficits 77 (74.8%) Emotional Stability 77 (74.8%) 75 (72.8%) History of Abuse/Neglect as a Victim 64 (62.1%) Sexual Behavior 53 (51.5%) Living Situation/Finances 47 (45.6%) Education/Employment (Vocational) 37 (35.9%) Life Skills Intra-Familial Sexual Abuse 25 (24.3%) Health/Hygiene 25 (24.3%) Disabilities of Caregivers Youth's Parenting Skills 17 (16.5%) 12 (11.7%) 23 CONCLUSIONS The Arizona Department of Juvenile Corrections New Commitment Profile was a study of the juveniles committed to Arizona’s juvenile corrections system in FY 2001. As shown throughout this report the typical new commitment for ADJC has remained uniform throughout the last five years: He was a 17 year-old Hispanic male from Maricopa County. His most serious commitment offense was a misdemeanor, and most likely was theft. He was committed to ADJC with a courtordered length of stay of 7.0 months and he was determined to have a moderate risk to re-offend. His placement according to both ADJC matrix and court-ordered minimum was in a secure facility. ¾ The vast majority (66.6%) of new commitments were attributable to three offender subgroups: First Time Felons, Second Time Felons, and Misdemeanants. ¾ Most (85.8%) juveniles had six or more court referrals at the time of their commitment. ¾ Approximately two-thirds (67.6%) of the total new commitments had two or fewer petitions for felony offenses. ¾ Almost one-half (48.9%) of the juveniles were twelve or younger at the time of their first court referral, while the most common age of commitment to ADJC was 17 years-old. ¾ Almost all of the juveniles in FY 2001 had Substance Abuse (98.0%), School Behavior (96.3%), and Peer Relationship (93.1%) needs. ¾ The proportion of new commitments with Probation Violation as their most serious committing offense has increased over the last five fiscal years from 21.8% to 40.3%. ¾ The proportion of all commitments from Maricopa County has increased from 41.7% in FY 2000 to 44.2% in FY 2001. ¾ The actual length of stay was higher than the matrix guideline length of stay for class 4 and 5 felony level offenses (7.5 months vs. 6 months matrix) and class 6 felony (6.1 months vs. 3 months) and misdemeanor offenses (6.0 months vs. 3 months). 24 APPENDIX 25 POST-SENATE BILL 1446 COMMITMENT PROFILES: Tables 4a and 4b The SB 1446 commitment categories are considered hierarchically with subgroups enumerated in the order listed, in light of previously considered provisions. Thus, a juvenile admitted for a violent felony would be excluded immediately and would not appear in the count of chronic felons, even if he/she also qualified in this category. The following lists the hierarchical order of the 12 SB 1446 Commitment Profile categories: 1. Age 15+ specified violent felons by ARS codes (mandatory exclusion) 2. Age 15+ legislatively-defined violent felons (mandatory exclusion) 3. Age 15 + chronic felons (mandatory exclusion) 4. Felons with prior transfer (mandatory exclusion) 5. Age 14+ selected offenses (discretionary) 6. Age 14+ chronic felons (discretionary) 7. Second time felony, age 14+ 8. First time felons 9. Misdemeanants 10. Under age 14, chronic felons 11. Under age 14, second time felons 12. Under age 14, violent felons 13. Probation Violators Category 1 Juveniles Age 15 or Older Accused of the Following Offenses: 1. 2. 3. 4. First Degree Murder Second Degree Murder Armed Robbery Forcible Sexual Assault 13-1105 (felony class 1) 13-1104 (felony class 1) 13-1904 (felony class 2) 13-1406 (felony class 2) Category 2 Any other violent felony, defined as: ! ! ! ! Aggravated Assault Physical Injury Aggravated Assault Deadly Weapon Drive by Shooting Discharging a Firearm at a Structure 13-1204a1 (felony classes 2 or 3) 13-1204a2 (felony classes 2 or 3) 13-1209 (felony class 2) 13-1211 (felony class 2) Category 3 Juveniles Age 15 or Older who are Chronic Felony Offenders: Any felony offense committed by a chronic felony offender, defined as a juvenile with the equivalent of two historical prior felony convictions. Category 4 Juveniles with a prior criminal court felony conviction: Any juvenile charged with a criminal offense with a historical prior felony conviction 26 Category 5 Juveniles Age 14 or Older Accused of the following offenses: 1. Class 1 Felony 2. Class 2 Felony 3. Class 3 Felony in violation of any offense in Title 13; chapters 10-17, 19, or 23 Note: selected felony classes 4, 5, or 6 qualify (those involving knowing or intention of serious physical injury or the discharge, use or threatening exhibition of deadly weapon or instrument). However, current automated data systems do not allow for the routine selection out at this level of specificity. Thus, it is possible that this category is under represented in the lower felony classes. Category 6 Juveniles Age 14 or Older Accused of the following offenses: Any felony by a chronic felony offender Category 7 First-time Felony Offenders The court may award a delinquent juvenile to ADJC on any felony class not previously identified. Category 8 Second-time Felony Offenders If a juvenile is 14 years of age or older and is adjudicated as a repeat felony offender (second felony), the juvenile court shall place the juvenile on juvenile intensive probation supervision or commit to detention center or commit to ADJC. Disposition of Un-referenced Commitment Categories Category 9 Juveniles adjudicated on a misdemeanor Category 10 Juveniles under age 14, defined as a chronic felon Category 11 Juveniles under age 14, defined as a second-time felon Category 12 Juveniles under age 15 defined as violent (see categories 1 and 2) Category 13 Juveniles committed on violation of probation Note: Probation violators are un-referenced in SB 1446. For purposes of this analysis, probation violators are classified according to their probated offense and any relevant criminal history. 27