ARIZONA WATER ATLAS VOLUME 3 SOUTHEASTERN ARIZONA PLANNING AREA Arizona Department of Water Resources DRAFT NOVEMBER 2006 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 ARIZONA WATER ATLAS VOLUME 3 - SOUTHEASTERN ARIZONA PLANNING AREA (Draft) Contents PREFACE SECTION 3.0 Overview of the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area 3.0.1 Geography 3.0.2 Hydrology Groundwater Hydrology Surface Water Hydrology 3.03 Climate 3.0.4 Environmental Conditions Arizona Water Protection Fund Programs Instream Flow Claims Threatened and Endangered Species Conservation Areas, Refuges and Preserves 3.0.5 Population Population Growth and Water Use 3.0.6 Water Supply Surface Water Groundwater Effluent Contamination Sites 3.0.7 Cultural Water Demand Municipal Demand Agricultural Demand Industrial Demand 3.0.8 Water Resource Issues in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Watershed Groups Issue Surveys 3.0.9 Groundwater Basin Water Resource Characteristics References SECTION 3.1 Water Resource Characteristics of the Aravaipa Canyon Basin 3.1.1 Geography of the Aravaipa Canyon Basin 3.1.2 Land Ownership in the Aravaipa Canyon Basin 3.1.3 Climate of the Aravaipa Canyon Basin 3.1.4 Surface Water Conditions in the Aravaipa Canyon Basin 3.1.5 Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major Springs in the Aravaipa Canyon Basin 3.1.6 Groundwater Conditions of the Aravaipa Canyon Basin DRAFT 1 1 4 5 5 7 8 12 13 13 15 15 20 21 22 23 24 25 25 28 31 35 38 42 42 44 47 51 55 56 58 60 63 68 71  Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.1.7 Water Quality of the Aravaipa Canyon Basin 3.1.8 Cultural Water Demands in the Aravaipa Canyon Basin 3.1.9 Water Adequacy Determinations in the Aravaipa Canyon Basin References and Supplemental Reading Aravaipa Canyon Basin Index SECTION 3.2 Water Resource Characteristics of the Bonita Creek Basin 3.2.1 Geography of the Bonita Creek Basin 3.2.2 Land Ownership in the Bonita Creek Basin 3.2.3 Climate of the Bonita Creek Basin 3.2.4 Surface Water Conditions in the Bonita Creek Basin 3.2.5 Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major Springs in the Bonita Creek Basin 3.2.6 Groundwater Conditions of the Bonita Creek Basin 3.2.7 Water Quality of the Bonita Creek Basin 3.2.8 Cultural Water Demands in the Bonita Creek Basin 3.2.9 Water Adequacy Determinations in the Bonita Creek Basin  References and Supplemental Reading  Bonita Creek Basin Index SECTION 3.3 Water Resource Characteristics of the Cienega Creek Basin 3.3.1 Geography of the Cienega Creek Basin  3.3.2 Land Ownership in the Cienega Creek Basin 3.3.3 Climate of the Cienega Creek Basin 3.3.4 Surface Water Conditions in the Cienega Creek Basin 3.3.5 Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major Springs in the Cienega Creek Basin 3.3.6 Groundwater Conditions of the Cienega Creek Basin 3.3.7 Water Quality of the Cienega Creek Basin 3.3.8 Cultural Water Demands in the Cienega Creek Basin 3.3.9 Water Adequacy Determinations in the Cienega Creek Basin References and Supplemental Reading  Cienega Creek Basin Index SECTION 3.4 Water Resource Characteristics of the Donnelly Wash Basin 3.4.1 Geography of the Donnelly Wash Basin 3.4.2 Land Ownership in the Donnelly Wash Basin 3.4.3 Climate of the Donnelly Wash Basin 3.4.4 Surface Water Conditions in the Donnelly Wash Basin 3.4.5 Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major Springs in the Donnelly Wash Basin 3.4.6 Groundwater Conditions of the Donnelly Wash Basin ii 77 80 84 86 91 92 93 95 97 100 105 108 112 114 118 120 125 126 127 129 131 134 139 142 148 153 157 160 166 167 168 170 172 175 180 183 DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.4.7 Water Quality of the Donnelly Wash Basin 3.4.8 Cultural Water Demands in the Donnelly Wash Basin 3.4.9 Water Adequacy Determinations in the Donnelly Wash Basin References and Supplemental Reading Donnelly Wash Basin Index SECTION 3.5 Water Resource Characteristics of the Douglas Basin 3.5.1 Geography of the Douglas Basin 3.5.2 Land Ownership in the Douglas Basin 3.5.3 Climate of the Douglas Basin 3.5.4 Surface Water Conditions in the Douglas Basin 3.5.5 Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major Springs in the Douglas Basin 3.5.6 Groundwater Conditions of the Douglas Basin 3.5.7 Water Quality of the Douglas Basin 3.5.8 Cultural Water Demands in the Douglas Basin 3.5.9 Water Adequacy Determinations in the Douglas Basin References and Supplemental Reading Douglas Basin Index SECTION 3.6 Water Resource Characteristics of the Dripping Springs Wash Basin 3.6.1 Geography of the Dripping Springs Wash Basin 3.6.2 Land Ownership in the Dripping Springs Wash Basin 3.6.3 Climate of the Dripping Springs Wash Basin 3.6.4 Surface Water Conditions in the Dripping Springs Wash Basin 3.6.5 Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major Springs in the Dripping Springs Wash Basin 3.6.6 Groundwater Conditions of the Dripping Springs Wash Basin 3.6.7 Water Quality of the Dripping Springs Wash Basin 3.6.8 Cultural Water Demands in the Dripping Springs Wash Basin 3.6.9 Water Adequacy Determinations in the Dripping Springs Wash Basin References and Supplemental Reading Dripping Springs Wash Index SECTION 3.7 Water Resource Characteristics of the Duncan Valley Basin 3.7.1 Geography of the Duncan Valley Basin 3.7.2 Land Ownership in the Duncan Valley Basin 3.7.3 Climate of the Duncan Valley Basin 3.7.4 Surface Water Conditions in the Duncan Valley Basin 3.7.5 Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major Springs in the Duncan Valley Basin DRAFT 188 191 194 197 202 203 204 206 209 212 217 220 227 232 236 239 244 245 246 248 250 253 258 261 266 268 272 274 279 280 281 283 285 288 293 iii Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.7.6 Groundwater Conditions of the Duncan Valley Basin 3.7.7 Water Quality of the Duncan Valley Basin 3.7.8 Cultural Water Demands in the Duncan Valley Basin 3.7.9 Water Adequacy Determinations in the Duncan Valley Basin References and Supplemental Reading Duncan Valley Basin Index SECTION 3.8 Water Resource Characteristics of the Lower San Pedro Basin 3.8.1 Geography of the Lower San Pedro Basin 3.8.2 Land Ownership in the Lower San Pedro Basin 3.8.3 Climate of the Lower San Pedro Basin 3.8.4 Surface Water Conditions in the Lower San Pedro Basin 3.8.5 Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major Springs in the Lower San Pedro Basin 3.8.6 Groundwater Conditions of the Lower San Pedro Basin 3.8.7 Water Quality of the Lower San Pedro Basin 3.8.8 Cultural Water Demands in the Lower San Pedro Basin 3.8.9 Water Adequacy Determinations in the Lower San Pedro Basin References and Supplemental Reading Lower San Pedro Basin Index SECTION 3.9 Water Resource Characteristics of the Morenci Basin 3.9.1 Geography of the Morenci Basin 3.9.2 Land Ownership in the Morenci Basin 3.9.3 Climate of the Morenci Basin 3.9.4 Surface Water Conditions in the Morenci Basin 3.9.5 Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major Springs in the Morenci Basin 3.9.6 Groundwater Conditions of the Morenci Basin 3.9.7 Water Quality of the Morenci Basin 3.9.8 Cultural Water Demands in the Morenci Basin 3.9.9 Water Adequacy Determinations in the Morenci Basin References and Supplemental Reading Morenci Basin Index SECTION 3.10 Water Resource Characteristics of the Safford Basin 3.10.1 Geography of the Safford Basin 3.10.2 Land Ownership in the Safford Basin 3.10.3 Climate of the Safford Basin 3.10.4 Surface Water Conditions in the Safford Basin 3.10.5 Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major Springs in the Safford Basin iv 296 302 306 310 313 318 319 320 322 325 328 333 337 344 349 354 357 364 365 366 368 371 375 381 384 389 392 396 399 405 406 407 409 412 415 421 DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.10.6 Groundwater Conditions of the Safford Basin 3.10.7 Water Quality of the Safford Basin 3.10.8 Cultural Water Demands in the Safford Basin 3.10.9 Water Adequacy Determinations in the Safford Basin References and Supplemental Reading Safford Basin Index SECTION 3.11 Water Resource Characteristics of the San Bernardino Valley Basin 3.11.1 Geography of the San Bernardino Valley Basin 3.11.2 Land Ownership in the San Bernardino Valley Basin 3.11.3 Climate of the San Bernardino Valley Basin 3.11.4 Surface Water Conditions in the San Bernardino Valley Basin 3.11.5 Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major Springs in the San Bernardino Valley Basin 3.11.6 Groundwater Conditions of the San Bernardino Valley Basin 3.11.7 Water Quality of the San Bernardino Valley Basin 3.11.8 Cultural Water Demands in the San Bernardino Valley Basin 3.11.9 Water Adequacy Determinations in the San Bernardino Valley Basin References and Supplemental Reading San Bernardino Valley Basin Index SECTION 3.12 Water Resource Characteristics of the San Rafael Basin 3.12.1 Geography of the San Rafael Basin 3.12.2 Land Ownership in the San Rafael Basin 3.12.3 Climate of the San Rafael Basin 3.12.4 Surface Water Conditions in the San Rafael Basin 3.12.5 Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major Springs in the San Rafael Basin 3.12.6 Groundwater Conditions of the San Rafael Basin 3.12.7 Water Quality of the San Rafael Basin 3.12.8 Cultural Water Demands in the San Rafael Basin 3.12.9 Water Adequacy Determinations in the San Rafael Basin References and Supplemental Reading San Rafael Basin Index SECTION 3.13 Water Resource Characteristics of the Upper San Pedro Basin 3.13.1 Geography of the Upper San Pedro Basin 3.13.2 Land Ownership in the Upper San Pedro Basin 3.13.3 Climate of the Upper San Pedro Basin 3.13.4 Surface Water Conditions in the Upper San Pedro Basin 3.13.5 Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major Springs in the DRAFT 426 435 444 449 452 459 460 461 463 465 468 473 476 481 484 487 489 493 494 495 497 499 502 506 509 515 518 521 523 529 530 531 533 536 539  Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Upper San Pedro Basin 3.13.6 Groundwater Conditions of the Upper San Pedro Basin 3.13.7 Water Quality of the Upper San Pedro Basin 3.13.8 Cultural Water Demands in the Upper San Pedro Basin 3.13.9 Water Adequacy Determinations in the Upper San Pedro Basin References and Supplemental Reading Upper San Pedro Basin Index 544 547 557 563 568 577 590 SECTION 3.14 Water Resource Characteristics of the Willcox Basin 3.14.1 Geography of the Willcox Basin 3.14.2 Land Ownership in the Willcox Basin 3.14.3 Climate of Willcox Basin 3.14.4 Surface Water Conditions in the Willcox Basin 3.14.5 Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major Springs in the Willcox Basin 3.14.6 Groundwater Conditions of the Willcox Basin 3.14.7 Water Quality of the Willcox Basin 3.14.8 Cultural Water Demands in the Willcox Basin 3.14.9 Water Adequacy Determinations in the Willcox Basin References and Supplemental Reading Willcox Basin Index 605 608 618 623 627 630 635 APPENDIX A: Arizona Water Protection Fund Projects in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area through 2005 APPENDIX B: Rural Watershed Partnership Issues Summary (2005) 638 642 vi 591 592 594 597 600 DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 FIGURES Figure 3.0-1 Figure 3.0-2 Figure 3.0-3 Figure 3.0-4 Figure 3.0-5 Figure 3.0-6 Figure 3.0-7 Figure 3.0-8 Figure 3.0-9 Figure 3.0-10 Figure 3.0-11 Figure 3.0-12 Figure 3.1-1 Figure 3.1-2 Figure 3.1-3 Figure 3.1-4 Figure 3.1-5 Figure 3.1-6 Figure 3.1-7 Figure 3.1-8 Figure 3.1-9 Figure 3.1-10 Figure 3.2-1 Figure 3.2-2 Figure 3.2-3 Figure 3.2-4 Figure 3.2-5 Figure 3.2-6 Figure 3.2-7 Figure 3.2-8 Figure 3.3-1 DRAFT Arizona Planning Areas 2 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area 3 Average monthly precipitation and temperature in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area, 1930-2002 9 Average annual precipitation for selected basins in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area 10 Average temperature (left) and total precipitation in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area from 1930-2002  11 Arizona NOAA climate division 7 winter precipitation departures from average, 1000-1988 12 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Instream Flow Applications 16 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Contamination Sites 27 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area average annual cultural water demand by sector, 2001-2003 29 Average total water demand by basin in acre-feet, 2001-2003 30 Average percentage of total agricultural demand in groundwater basins in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area, 2001-2003 35 Agricultural Demand in the Duncan Valley, Douglas, Safford and Willcox Basins, 1991-2003 36 Aravaipa Canyon Basin Geographic Features 57 Aravaipa Canyon Basin Land Ownership 59 Aravaipa Canyon Basin Meteorological Stations and Annual Precipitation 62 Aravaipa Canyon Basin Surface Water Conditions 67 Aravaipa Canyon Basin Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major (>10 gpm) Springs 70 Aravaipa Canyon Basin Groundwater Conditions 74 Aravaipa Canyon Basin Hydrographs 75 Aravaipa Canyon Basin Well Yields 76 Aravaipa Canyon Basin Water Quality Conditions 79 Aravaipa Canyon Basin Cultural Water Demands 83 Bonita Creek Basin Geographic Features 94 Bonita Creek Basin Land Ownership 96 Bonita Creek Basin Meteorological Stations and Annual Precipitation 99 Bonita Creek Basin Surface Water Conditions 104 Bonita Creek Basin Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major (>10 gpm) Springs 107 Bonita Creek Basin Groundwater Conditions 110 Bonita Creek Basin Well Yields 111 Bonita Creek Basin Cultural Water Demands 117 Cienega Creek Basin Geographic Features 128 vii Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Figure 3.3-2 Figure 3.3-3 Figure 3.3-4 Figure 3.3-5 Figure 3.3-6 Figure 3.3-7 Figure 3.3-8 Figure 3.3-9 Figure 3.3-10 Figure 3.3-11 Figure 3.4-1 Figure 3.4-2 Figure 3.4-3 Figure 3.4-4 Figure 3.4-5 Figure 3.4-6 Figure 3.4-7 Figure 3.4-8 Figure 3.4-9 Figure 3.4-10 Figure 3.5-1 Figure 3.5-2 Figure 3.5-3 Figure 3.5-4 Figure 3.5-5 Figure 3.5-6 Figure 3.5-7 Figure 3.5-8 Figure 3.5-9 Figure 3.5-10 Figure 3.5-11 Figure 3.6-1 Figure 3.6-2 Figure 3.6-3 Figure 3.6-4 Figure 3.6-5 Figure 3.6-6 viii Cienega Creek Basin Land Ownership Cienega Creek Basin Meteorological Stations and Annual Precipitation Cienega Creek Basin Surface Water Conditions Cienega Creek Basin Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major (>10 gpm) Springs Cienega Creek Basin Groundwater Conditions Cienega Creek Basin Hydrographs Cienega Creek Basin Well Yields Cienega Creek Basin Water Quality Conditions Cienega Creek Basin Cultural Water Demands Cienega Creek Basin Adequacy Determinations Donnelly Wash Basin Geographic Features Donnelly Wash Basin Land Ownership Donnelly Wash Basin Meteorological Stations and Annual Precipitation Donnelly Wash Basin Surface Water Conditions Donnelly Wash Basin Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major (>10 gpm) Springs) Donnelly Wash Basin Groundwater Conditions Donnelly Wash Basin Hydrographs Donnelly Wash Basin Well Yields Donnelly Wash Basin Water Quality Conditions Donnelly Wash Basin Adequacy Determinations Douglas Basin Geographic Features Douglas Basin Land Ownership Douglas Basin Meteorological Stations and Annual Precipitation Douglas Basin Surface Water Conditions Douglas Basin Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major (>10 gpm) Springs Douglas Basin Groundwater Conditions Douglas Basin Hydrographs Douglas Basin Well Yields Douglas Basin Water Quality Conditions Douglas Basin Cultural Water Demands Douglas Basin Adequacy Determinations Dripping Springs Wash Basin Geographic Features Dripping Springs Wash Basin Land Ownership Dripping Springs Wash Basin Meteorological Stations and Annual Precipitation Dripping Springs Wash Basin Surface Water Conditions Dripping Springs Wash Basin Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major (>10 gpm) Springs Dripping Springs Wash Basin Groundwater Conditions 130 133 138 141 145 146 147 152 156 159 169 171 174 179 182 185 186 187 190 196 205 208 211 216 219 223 224 226 231 235 238 247 249 252 257 260 263 DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Figure 3.6-7 Figure 3.6-8 Figure 3.6-9 Figure 3.7-1 Figure 3.7-2 Figure 3.7-3 Figure 3.7-4 Figure 3.7-5 Figure 3.7-6 Figure 3.7-7 Figure 3.7-8 Figure 3.7-9 Figure 3.7-10 Figure 3.7-11 Figure 3.8-1 Figure 3.8-2 Figure 3.8-3 Figure 3.8-4 Figure 3.8-5 Figure 3.8-6 Figure 3.8-7 Figure 3.8-8 Figure 3.8-9 Figure 3.8-10 Figure 3.8-11 Figure 3.9-1 Figure 3.9-2 Figure 3.9-3 Figure 3.9-4 Figure 3.9-5 Figure 3.9-6 Figure 3.9-7 Figure 3.9-8 Figure 3.9-9 Figure 3.9-10 Figure 3.9-11 Figure 3.10-1 Figure 3.10-2 Figure 3.10-3 DRAFT Dripping Springs Wash Basin Hydrographs Dripping Springs Wash Basin Well Yields Dripping Springs Wash Basin Cultural Water Demands Duncan Valley Basin Geographic Features Duncan Valley Basin Land Ownership Duncan Valley Basin Meteorological Stations and Annual Precipitation Duncan Valley Basin Surface Water Conditions Duncan Valley Basin Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major (>10) Springs Duncan Valley Basin Groundwater Conditions Duncan Valley Basin Hydrographs Duncan Valley Basin Well Yields Duncan Valley Basin Water Quality Conditions Duncan Valley Basin Cultural Water Demands Duncan Valley Basin Adequacy Determinations Lower San Pedro Basin Geographic Features Lower San Pedro Basin Land Ownership Lower San Pedro Basin Meteorological Stations and Annual Precipitation Lower San Pedro Basin Surface Water Conditions Lower San Pedro Basin Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major (>10 gpm) Springs Lower San Pedro Basin Groundwater Conditions Lower San Pedro Basin Hydrographs Lower San Pedro Basin Well Yields Lower San Pedro Basin Water Quality Conditions Lower San Pedro Basin Cultural Water Demands Lower San Pedro Basin Adequacy Determinations Morenci Basin Geographic Features Morenci Basin Land Ownership Morenci Basin Meteorological Stations and Annual Precipitation Morenci Basin Surface Water Conditions Morenci Basin Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major (>10 gpm) Springs Morenci Basin Groundwater Conditions Morenci Basin Hydrographs Morenci Basin Well Yields Morenci Basin Water Quality Conditions Morenci Basin Cultural Water Demands Morenci Basin Adequacy Determinations Safford Basin Geographic Features Safford Basin Land Ownership Safford Basin Meteorological Stations and Annual 264 265 271 282 284 287 292 295 299 300 301 305 309 312 321 324 327 332 336 340 341 343 348 353 356 367 370 374 380 383 386 387 388 391 395 398 408 411 ix Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Figure 3.10-4 Figure 3.10-5 Figure 3.10-6 Figure 3.10-7 Figure 3.10-8 Figure 3.10-9 Figure 3.10-10 Figure 3.10-11 Figure 3.11-1 Figure 3.11-2 Figure 3.11-3 Figure 3.11-4 Figure 3.11-5 Figure 3.11-6 Figure 3.11-7 Figure 3.11-8 Figure 3.11-9 Figure 3.12-1 Figure 3.12-2 Figure 3.12-3 Figure 3.12-4 Figure 3.12-5 Figure 3.12-6 Figure 3.12-7 Figure 3.12-8 Figure 3.12-9 Figure 3.13-1 Figure 3.13-2 Figure 3.13-3 Figure 3.13-4 Figure 3.13-5 Figure 3.13-6 Figure 3.13-7 Figure 3.13-8 Figure 3.13-9 Figure 3.13-10 Figure 3.13-11  Precipitation Safford Basin Surface Water Conditions Safford Basin Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major (>10 gpm) Springs Safford Basin Groundwater Conditions Safford Basin Hydrographs Safford Basin Well Yields Safford Basin Water Quality Conditions Safford Basin Cultural Water Demands Safford Basin Adequacy Determinations San Bernardino Valley Basin Geographic Features San Bernardino Valley Basin Land Ownership San Bernardino Valley Basin Meteorological Stations and Annual Precipitation San Bernardino Valley Basin Surface Water Conditions San Bernardino Valley Basin Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major (>10 gpm) Springs San Bernardino Valley Basin Groundwater Conditions San Bernardino Valley Basin Hydrographs San Bernardino Valley Basin Well Yields San Bernardino Valley Basin Water Quality Conditions San Rafael Basin Geographic Features San Rafael Basin Land Ownership San Rafael Basin Meteorological Stations and Annual Precipitation San Rafael Basin Surface Water Conditions San Rafael Basin Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major (>10 gpm) Springs San Rafael Basin Groundwater Conditions San Rafael Basin Hydrographs San Rafael Basin Well Yields San Rafael Basin Water Quality Conditions Upper San Pedro Basin Geographic Features Upper San Pedro Basin Land Ownership Upper San Pedro Basin Meteorological Stations and Annual Precipitation Upper San Pedro Basin Surface Water Conditions Upper San Pedro Basin Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major (>10 gpm) Springs Upper San Pedro Basin Groundwater Conditions Upper San Pedro Basin Hydrographs Upper San Pedro Basin Well Yields Upper San Pedro Basin Water Quality Conditions Upper San Pedro Basin Cultural Water Demands Upper San Pedro Basin Adequacy Determinations 414 420 425 429 430 434 441 448 451 462 464 467 472 475 478 479 480 483 495 497 500 506 509 513 514 515 518 533 535 538 543 546 550 551 556 562 567 576 DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Figure 3.14-1 Figure 3.14-2 Figure 3.14-3 Figure 3.14-4 Figure 3.14-5 Figure 3.14-6 Figure 3.14-7 Figure 3.14-8 Figure 3.14-9 Figure 3.14-10 Figure 3.14-11 DRAFT Willcox Basin Geographic Features Willcox Basin Land Ownership Willcox Basin Meteorological Stations and Annual Precipitation Willcox Basin Surface Water Conditions Willcox Basin Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major (>10 gpm) Springs Willcox Basin Groundwater Conditions Willcox Basin Hydrographs Willcox Basin Well Yield Willcox Basin Water Quality Conditions Willcox Basin Cultural Water Demand Willcox Basin Adequacy Determinations 593 596 599 604 607 611 612 617 622 626 629 xi Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 TABLES Table 3.0-1 Table 3.0-2 Table 3.0-3 Table 3.0-4 Table 3.0-5 Table 3.0-6 Table 3.0-7 Table 3.0-8 Table 3.0-9 Table 3.0-10 Table 3.0-11 Table 3.0-12 Table 3.0-13 Table 3.1-1 Table 3.1-2 Table 3.1-3 Table 3.1-4 Table 3.1-5 Table 3.1-6 Table 3.1-7 Table 3.1-8 Table 3.1-9 Table 3.1-10 Table 3.2-1 Table 3.2-2 Table 3.2-3 Table 3.2-4 Table 3.2-5 Table 3.2-6 xii Instream Flow Claims in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area  Listed threatened and endangered species in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Communities in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area with a 2000 Census population greater than 1,000 Water Adequacy Determinations in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area as of 5/2005 Active contamination sites in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area 2003 municipal water demand in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area  Water providers serving 450 acre-feet or more of water per year, excluding effluent, in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Municipal golf course demand in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area (c. 2004)  Industrial water demand in selected years in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area  Industrial golf course demand in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area (c. 2004)  Water resource issues ranked by 2003 survey respondents in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Groundwater level trends reported by 2004 survey respondents by groundwater basin  Water resource issues ranked by 2004 survey respondents in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area  Climate Data for the Aravaipa Canyon Basin Streamflow Data for the Aravaipa Canyon Basin Flood ALERT Equipment in the Aravaipa Canyon Basin Reservoirs and Stockponds in the Aravaipa Canyon Basin Springs in the Aravaipa Canyon Basin Groundwater Data for the Aravaipa Canyon Basin Water Quality Exceedences in the Aravaipa Canyon Basin Cultural Water Demands in the Aravaipa Canyon Basin Effluent Generation in the Aravaipa Canyon Basin Adequacy Determinations in the Aravaipa Canyon Basin Climate Data for the Bonita Creek Basin Streamflow Data for the Bonita Creek Basin Flood ALERT Equipment in the Bonita Creek Basin Reservoirs and Stockponds in the Bonita Creek Basin Springs in the Bonita Creek Basin Groundwater Data for the Bonita Creek Basin 14 17 21 22 26 32 33 34 39 41 45 45 46 61 64 65 66 69 73 78 81 82 85 98 101 102 103 106 109 DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.2-7 Table 3.2-8 Table 3.2-9 Table 3.2-10 Table 3.3-1 Table 3.3-2 Table 3.3-3 Table 3.3-4 Table 3.3-5 Table 3.3-6 Table 3.3-7 Table 3.3-8 Table 3.3-9 Table 3.3-10 Table 3.4-1 Table 3.4-2 Table 3.4-3 Table 3.4-4 Table 3.4-5 Table 3.4-6 Table 3.4-7 Table 3.4-8 Table 3.4-9 Table 3.4-10 Table 3.5-1 Table 3.5-2 Table 3.5-3 Table 3.5-4 Table 3.5-5 Table 3.5-6 Table 3.5-7 Table 3.5-8 Table 3.5-9 Table 3.5-10 Table 3.6-1 Table 3.6-2 Table 3.6-3 Table 3.6-4 Table 3.6-5 Table 3.6-6 Table 3.6-7 Table 3.6-8 Table 3.6-9 Table 3.6-10 DRAFT Water Quality Exceedences in the Bonita Creek Basin Cultural Water Demands in the Bonita Creek Basin Effluent Generation in the Bonita Creek Basin Adequacy Determinations in the Bonita Creek Basin Climate Data for the Cienega Creek Basin Streamflow Data for the Cienega Creek Basin Flood ALERT Equipment in the Cienega Creek Basin Reservoirs and Stockponds in the Cienega Creek Basin Springs in the Cienega Creek Basin Groundwater Data for the Cienega Creek Basin Water Quality Exceedences in the Cienega Creek Basin Cultural Water Demands in the Cienega Creek Basin Effluent Generation in the Cienega Creek Basin Water Adequacy Determinations in the Cienega Creek Basin Climate Data for the Donnelly Wash Basin Streamflow Data for the Donnelly Wash Basin Flood ALERT Equipment in the Donnelly Wash Basin Reservoirs and Stockponds in the Donnelly Wash Basin Springs in the Donnelly Wash Basin  Groundwater Data for the Donnelly Wash Basin Water Quality Exceedences in the Donnelly Wash Basin Cultural Water Demands in the Donnelly Wash Basin Effluent Generation in the Donnelly Wash Basin Adequacy Determinations in the Donnelly Wash Basin Climate Data for the Douglas Basin Streamflow Data for the Douglas Basin Flood ALERT Equipment in the Douglas Basin Reservoirs and Stockponds in the Douglas Basin Springs in the Douglas Basin Groundwater Data for the Douglas Basin Water Quality Exceedences in the Douglas Basin Cultural Water Demands in the Douglas Basin Effluent Generation in the Douglas Basin Adequacy Determinations in the Duncan Valley Basin Climate Data for the Dripping Springs Wash Basin Streamflow Data for the Dripping Springs Wash Basin Flood ALERT Equipment in the Dripping Springs Wash Basin Reservoirs and Stockponds in the Dripping Springs Wash Basin Springs in the Dripping Springs Wash Basin Groundwater Data for the Dripping Springs Wash Basin Water Quality Exceedences in the Dripping Springs Basin Cultural Water Demands in the Dripping Springs Wash Basin Effluent Generation in the Dripping Springs Wash Basin Water Adequacy Determinations in the Dripping Springs 113 115 116 119 132 135 136 137 140 144 149 154 155 158 173 176 177 178 181 184 189 192 193 195 210 213 214 215 218 222 228 233 234 237 251 254 255 256 259 262 267 269 270 xiii Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.7-1 Table 3.7-2 Table 3.7-3 Table 3.7-4 Table 3.7-5 Table 3.7-6 Table 3.7-7 Table 3.7-8 Table 3.7-9 Table 3.7-10 Table 3.8-1 Table 3.8-2 Table 3.8-3 Table 3.8-4 Table 3.8-5 Table 3.8-6 Table 3.8-7 Table 3.8-8 Table 3.8-9 Table 3.8-10 Table 3.9-1 Table 3.9-2 Table 3.9-3 Table 3.9-4 Table 3.9-5 Table 3.9-6 Table 3.9-7 Table 3.9-8 Table 3.9-9 Table 3.9-10 Table 3.10-1 Table 3.10-2 Table 3.10-3 Table 3.10-4 Table 3.10-5 Table 3.10-6 Table 3.10-7 Table 3.10-8 Table 3.10-9 Table 3.10-10 Table 3.11-1 Table 3.11-2 Table 3.11-3 xiv Wash Basin Climate Data for the Duncan Valley Basin Streamflow Data for the Duncan Valley Basin Flood ALERT Equipment in the Duncan Valley Basin Reservoirs and Stockponds in the Duncan Valley Basin Springs in the Duncan Valley Basin Groundwater Data for the Duncan Valley Basin Water Quality Exceedences in the Duncan Valley Basin Cultural Water Demands in the Duncan Valley Basin Effluent Generation in the Duncan Valley Basin Adequacy Determinations in the Duncan Valley Basin Climate Data for the Lower San Pedro Basin Streamflow Data for the Lower San Pedro Basin Flood ALERT Equipment in the Lower San Pedro Basin Reservoirs and Stockponds in the Lower San Pedro Basin Springs in the Lower San Pedro Basin Groundwater Data for the Lower San Pedro Basin Water Quality Exceedences in the Lower San Pedro Basin Cultural Water Demands in the Lower San Pedro Basin Effluent Generation in the Lower San Pedro Basin Water Adequacy Determinations in the Lower San Pedro Basin Climate Data for the Morenci Basin Streamflow Data for the Morenci Basin Flood ALERT Equipment in the Morenci Basin Reservoirs and Stockponds in the Morenci Basin Springs in the Morenci Basin Groundwater Data for the Morenci Basin Water Quality Exceedences in the Morenci Basin Cultural Water Demands in the Morenci Basin Effluent Generation in the Morenci Basin Adequacy Determinations in the Morenci Basin Climate Data for the Safford Basin Streamflow Data for the Safford Basin Flood ALERT Equipment in the Safford Basin Reservoirs and Stockponds in the Safford Basin Springs in the Safford Basin Groundwater Data for the Safford Basin Water Quality Exceedences in the Safford Basin Cultural Water Demands in the Safford Basin Effluent Generation in the Safford Basin Adequacy Determinations in the Safford Basin Climate Data for the San Bernardino Valley Basin Streamflow Data for the San Bernardino Valley Basin Flood ALERT Equipment in the San Bernardino Valley Basin 273 286 289 290 291 294 298 303 307 308 311 326 329 330 331 334 339 345 351 352 355 373 377 378 379 382 385 390 393 394 397 413 417 418 419 422 428 436 445 446 450 466 469 470 DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.11-4 Table 3.11-5 Table 3.11-6 Table 3.11-7 Table 3.11-8 Table 3.11-9 Table 3.11-10 Table 3.12-1 Table 3.12-2 Table 3.12-3 Table 3.12-4 Table 3.12-5 Table 3.12-6 Table 3.12-7 Table 3.12-8 Table 3.12-9 Table 3.12-10 Table 3.13-1 Table 3.13-2 Table 3.13-3 Table 3.13-4 Table 3-13-5 Table 3.13-6 Table 3.13-7 Table 3.13-8 Table 3.13-9 Table 3.13-10 Table 3.14-1 Table 3.14-2 Table 3.14-3 Table 3.14-4 Table 3.14-5 Table 3.14-6 Table 3.14-7 Table 3.14-8 Table 3.14-9 Table 3.14-10 DRAFT Reservoirs and Stockponds in the San Bernardino Valley Basin Springs in the San Bernardino Valley Basin Groundwater Data for the San Bernardino Valley Basin Water Quality Exceedences in the San Bernardino Valley Basin Cultural Water Demands in the San Bernardino Valley Basin Effluent Generation in the San Bernardino Valley Basin Adequacy Determinations in the San Bernardino Valley Basin Climate Data for the San Rafael Basin Streamflow Data for the San Rafael Basin Flood ALERT Equipment in the San Rafael Basin Reservoirs and Stockponds in the San Rafael Basin Springs in the San Rafael Basin Groundwater Data for the San Rafael Basin Water Quality Exceedences in the San Rafael Basin Cultural Water Demands in the San Rafael Basin Effluent Generation in the San Rafael Basin Adequacy Determinations in the San Rafael Basin Climate Data for the Upper San Pedro Basin Streamflow Data for the Upper San Pedro Basin Flood ALERT Equipment in the Upper San Pedro Basin Reservoirs and Stockponds in the Upper San Pedro Basin Springs in the Upper San Pedro Basin Groundwater Data for the Upper San Pedro Basin Water Quality Exceedences in the Upper San Pedro Basin Cultural Water Demands in the Upper San Pedro Basin Effluent Generation in the Upper San Pedro Basin Adequacy Determinations in the Upper San Pedro Basin Climate Data for the Willcox Basin Streamflow Data for the Willcox Basin Flood ALERT Equipment in the Willcox Basin Reservoirs and Stockponds in the Willcox Basin Springs in the Willcox Basin Groundwater Data for the Willcox Basin Water Quality Exceedences for the Willcox Basin Cultural Water Demands in the Willcox Basin Effluent Generation in the Willcox Basin Adequacy Determinations in the Willcox Basin 471 474 477 482 485 486 488 500 503 504 505 508 512 517 520 521 523 537 540 541 542 544 549 558 565 566 569 598 601 602 603 606 610 619 624 625 628 xv Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 ARIZONA WATER ATLAS VOLUME 3 –SOUTHEASTERN ARIZONA PLANNING AREA (Draft) Preface Volume 3, the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area, is the third in a series of nine volumes that comprise the Arizona Water Atlas. The primary objectives in assembling the Atlas are to present an overview of water supply and demand conditions in Arizona, to provide water resource information for planning and resource development purposes, and help to identify the needs of communities. The Atlas divides Arizona into seven planning areas (Figure 3.0-1). There is a separate Atlas volume for each planning area, an introductory volume composed of background information, and an executive summary volume. “Planning areas” are an organizational concept that provide for a regional perspective on supply, demand and water resource issues. A complete discussion of Atlas organization, purpose and scope is found in Volume 1. There are additional, more detailed data available to those presented in this volume. They may be obtained by contacting the Arizona Department of Water Resources’ Statewide Conservation and Strategic Planning Division. 3.0 Overview of the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area The Southeastern Arizona Planning Area is composed of 14 groundwater basins that vary significantly in size. Elevation ranges from 10,713 feet at Mount Graham to 1,920 feet near Winkelman. Cochise County is entirely contained in the planning area as well as portions of seven other counties: Apache, Gila, Graham, Greenlee, Pima, Pinal and Santa Cruz counties. Most of the San Carlos Apache Reservation, the fourth largest reservation in Arizona, is located within the planning area in parts of six basins: Aravaipa Canyon, Bonita Creek, Dripping Springs Wash, Lower San Pedro, Morenci and Safford Basins. The 2000 Census planning area population was approximately 186,600. Basin population ranged from 21 in the Bonita Creek Basin to over 78,000 in the Upper San Pedro Basin. Sierra Vista is the largest metropolitan area with about 38,000 residents in the incorporated area and an additional 14,300 residents in the unincorporated area southeast of the city. The agricultural water use sector is the largest user with significant agricultural use in the Douglas, Safford and Willcox Basins. The Douglas Irrigation Non-expansion Area (INA), an area designated as having insufficient groundwater to provide a reasonably safe supply for irrigation, is located in the Douglas Basin. Major cities and towns, counties and the boundaries of the INA are shown on Figure 3.0-2. Section 3.0 DRAFT Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview  Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Page KAIBAB Kayenta NAVAJO HAVASUPAI NAVAJO COUNTY HOPI (MOENKOPI) COCONINO COUNTY Kykotsmovi HUALAPAI MOHAVE COUNTY Bullhead City APACHE COUNTY Window Rock HOPI Peach Springs Flagstaff Kingman FORT MOJAVE YAVAPAI COUNTY Lake Havasu City HUALAPAI Sedona PRESCOTT AMA YAVAPAI-APACHE YAVAPAI-PRESCOTT JOSEPH CITY INA Holbrook ZUNI Saint Johns Prescott Pine Parker Payson Springerville LA PAZ COUNTY CA P COLORADO RIVER INDIAN TRIBES TONTO-APACHE FORT APACHE MARICOPA COUNTY HARQUAHALA INA PHOENIX AMA GILA COUNTY FORT MCDOWELL SALT RIVER PIMA-MARICOPA Phoenix Globe SAN CARLOS APACHE CA GREENLEE COUNTY P GILA RIVER YUMA COUNTY FORT YUMA (QUECHAN) GILA BEND AK-CHIN Gila Bend Clifton Florence Safford PINAL COUNTY Yuma COCOPAH GRAHAM COUNTY CA PINAL AMA P TOHONO O'ODHAM Tucson PIMA COUNTY PASCUA YAQUI SAN XAVIER DISTRICT Benson City or Town TUCSON AMA ARI Z ON A ME X IC O Interstate Highway Central Arizona Project Aqueduct SANTA CRUZ AMA County Indian Reservation Nogales Irrigation Non-Expansion Area Arizona Planning Area Active Management Area SANTA CRUZ COUNTY 0 50 COCHISE COUNTY Sierra Vista Bisbee DOUGLAS INA Douglas 100 Miles Central Highlands Eastern Plateau Lower Colorado River Southeastern Arizona Upper Colorado River Figure 3.0-1 Arizona Planning Areas Western Plateau  Section 3.0 c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 MORENCI Peridot San Carlos Arsenic Tubs BONITA CREEK Cochran Christmas Kearny DRIPPING DONNELLY SPRINGS WASH Hayden WASH Dudleyville Aravaipa Beehive Tank Bonita Camp SAFFORD Klondyke Morenci Clifton DUNCAN VALLEY Pima Thatcher ARAVAIPA CANYON Safford Swift Trail Junction Duncan San Manuel LOWER SAN PEDRO NEW MEXICO WILLCOX Willcox Benson Whetstone CIENEGA CREEK UPPER SAN PEDRO Tombstone Sonoita Elfrida Elgin DOUGLAS Sierra Vista Patagonia Chiricahua Bisbee SAN RAFAEL Sunnyside Lochiel Douglas SAN BERNARDINO VALLEY MEXICO 0 c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Section 3.0 DRAFT 25 50 Miles Figure 3.0-2 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview Douglas INA State Boundary International Boundary City, Town or Place  Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.0.1 Geography The Southeastern Arizona Planning Area includes geographically diverse groundwater basins in the southeastern corner of Arizona. Groundwater basins include: Aravaipa Canyon, Bonita Creek, Cienega Creek, Donnelly Wash, Douglas, Dripping Springs Wash, Duncan Valley, Lower San Pedro, Morenci, Safford, San Bernardino Valley, San Rafael, Upper San Pedro and Willcox. The planning area encompasses 16,072 sq. miles. It is bounded on the east by New Mexico, on the south by the international boundary with the state of Sonora, Mexico, on the west by the Active Management Area (AMA) Planning Area (Phoenix, Pinal, Santa Cruz and Tucson AMAs) and on the north by the Central Highlands Planning Area and a small portion of the Eastern Plateau Planning Area. Most of the 2,900 sq. mile San Carlos Apache Reservation, (83.1% or about 2,400 sq. miles), is located in the north central part of the planning area. The majority of the planning area is within the Mexican Highland section of the Basin and Range physiographic province, which is characterized by northwest-southeast trending mountain ranges separated by broad alluvial valleys (See Volume 1, Figure 1-2). The Mexican Highland section is a higher elevation area of the province with valleys ranging from 2,500 to 4,000 feet above sea level and mountains and valleys covering about equal areas. The extreme northern portion of the planning area falls within the Central Highlands physiographic province, which is characterized by rugged mountains of igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks. The average elevation in the planning area is 4,500 feet. Elevation ranges from 1,920 feet near Winkelman in the Lower San Pedro Basin to 10,713 feet at Mount Graham in the Pinaleño Mountains in the Safford Basin. A unique feature of the planning area is mountain ranges that are isolated from each other by valleys of desert grasslands and desert scrub. These “sky islands” are part of a unique complex of about 27 mountain ranges in Arizona, New Mexico, and the Mexican States of Sonora and Chihuahua. The southwestern sky island complex extends from subtropical to temperate latitudes, a condition found nowhere else. (Warshall, 2006) The planning area includes drainages of the San Pedro River and Upper Gila River. The Gila River originates in western New Mexico and enters Arizona near Duncan in the Duncan Valley Basin. The river generally flows west through the Safford Basin. The San Pedro River flows north from Mexico through the Upper and Lower San Pedro Basins and joins the Gila River at Winkelman. Surface water in the planning area flows into the Gila River except for the Willcox Basin, a “closed basin” with internal drainage, and several basins where drainage flows south into Mexico. These basins are the Douglas, San Rafael and San Bernardino Valley basins. The Santa Cruz River originates in the San Rafael Basin, flows south into Mexico, turns north and enters the Santa Cruz AMA east of Nogales. (ADWR, 1994a)  Section 3.0 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.0.2 Hydrology Groundwater Hydrology The Southeastern Arizona Planning Area is generally characterized by alluvial basins with large reserves of groundwater in gently sloping valleys separated by mountain ranges. Anderson, Freethy and Tucci (1992) divided the alluvial basins of south-central Arizona into five groups based on similar hydrologic and geologic characteristics. One of these, the “Southeast Basins”, covers much of the planning area. The principal water-bearing deposits in southeast basins are moderately thick sediments deposited prior to the formation of the Basin and Range structure and an overlying layer of lower basin fill to depths of over 1,000 feet, derived from the subsequent partial erosion of the ranges. Lower basin-fill sediments are composed of fine-grained to moderately fine-grained materials. Upper basin-fill deposits average about 300 feet in thickness and are composed of sands, gravels, silts, clays and some limestones. Thin layers of sand and gravel along major streams make up the stream alluvium. Aquifers in this region often consist of two or more water-bearing units separated by a fine-grained unit that forms a leaky confining layer over the lower basin fill. Groundwater generally flows from the basin margins to the central axis of the basin where most of the groundwater discharge occurs. There are also occurrences of confined groundwater (artesian conditions) within the lower basin fill. Artesian conditions occur in a number of locations in the planning area including: the vicinity of Artesia south of Safford, washes and terraces at the base of the Pinaleño Mountains, the vicinity of Saint David, in the San Bernardino Valley Basin and the Lower San Pedro Basin. The major groundwater inflow components are mountain front recharge and stream infiltration with some underflow from adjacent up-gradient basins. Outflow consists of evapotranspiration, pumpage, discharge to streams as baseflow and some underflow to down-gradient basins, including into Mexico. The north and northeastern basins of the planning area (Bonita Creek, Dripping Springs Wash, Duncan Valley and Morenci) contain major aquifers composed of stream alluvium, basin fill, volcanic rock and sedimentary rock (Gila Formation). These basins contribute groundwater flow to the Safford Basin. The Safford Basin is composed of three sub-basins. The southernmost subbasin is the San Simon Valley sub-basin. In this sub-basin, groundwater is found under artesian conditions in the lower aquifer. The upper aquifer generally contains high total dissolved solids (TDS) and fluoride. In the Gila Valley sub-basin, located in the middle part of the Safford Basin, the principal aquifer is the younger basin fill. Groundwater is also utilized from the older basin fill, which generally is found under artesian conditions and where well discharges may be quite high. Groundwater in both the younger and older basin fill may be high in TDS in this sub-basin. The main water-bearing unit in the San Carlos Valley sub-basin, located in the northern part of the Safford Basin, is the younger stream alluvium. In basins located on the western side of the planning area that are tributary to the San Pedro River (Aravaipa Canyon, Donnelly Wash, Lower and Upper San Pedro), groundwater is found in the Much of the information in this section is taken from the Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Volume 1, ADWR August, 1994.  Section 3.0 DRAFT Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview  Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 stream alluvium and in basin-fill sediments. Both these aquifers are found in the Aravaipa Canyon Basin, while the principal aquifer in the Donnelly Wash Basin is a very narrow strip of basin fill alluvium. In the Upper San Pedro Basin, the basin fill is the principal aquifer although the stream alluvium is also utilized. An interesting feature in this basin is a limestone aquifer in the Whetstone Mountains that contains a “live” or wet cave, Kartchner Caverns, a state park. The water level in the cavern is about 700 feet higher than that of the underlying alluvial aquifer (ADWR, 2005a). In the Lower San Pedro Basin the hydrologic characteristics of the regional basin fill aquifer vary widely due to the amount of cementation and fine-grained layers. Artesian conditions exist about five miles north to ten miles south of Mammoth in wells drilled deeper than 500 feet. Water quality is generally suitable for most uses in these basins. Hydrogeologic conditions in the Cienega Creek Basin are complex. The basin has been divided into three groundwater sections based on the presence of a distinctive aquifer or set of aquifers: upper Cienega Creek, lower Cienega Creek and Sonoita Creek. The main aquifer in the upper Cienega Creek section, which includes most of the basin’s central valley, is the basin fill alluvium. In the lower Cienega Creek section, which coincides with the surface water divide at “the Narrows” on Cienega Creek, north to the basin boundary, there are three aquifers: stream alluvium, basin fill and the Pantano formation. The main aquifer in this section is the stream alluvium. The basinfill alluvium is a poor aquifer in this section with relatively low well yields and interbedded clay layers that create a leaky, confined aquifer and artesian conditions. The southwestern section of the basin is the Sonoita Creek section where the main aquifer is the stream alluvium that forms the floodplain of Sonoita Creek and its tributaries. Groundwater quality is generally good throughout the basin. The Willcox Basin is a “closed basin” with no groundwater inflow or outflow from adjacent basins. Groundwater is found in alluvial deposits consisting of stream and lake-bed deposits. The stream deposits are the most productive water-bearing unit. The lake bed deposits are mainly clay that outcrop in the Willcox Playa. There they create localized artesian conditions. Where the coarsegrained stream deposits are underlain by the lake-bed deposits, perched groundwater conditions may occur. Groundwater flow conditions have been altered significantly due to groundwater pumping. Declines in groundwater levels (in excess of 200 feet measured in nine wells between 1954 and 1975), may have caused land subsidence in the basin (USGS, 2006a). High TDS concentrations exist in some areas (ADWR, 1994b) and exceedences of fluoride and arsenic have been reported in a number of wells. Groundwater from three basins (San Bernardino Valley, Douglas and San Rafael) flows into Mexico. The Douglas and San Bernardino Valley Basins contain volcanic rock that serves as an aquifer material. There is a long alluvial valley in the Douglas Basin where the main aquifer is the basin fill. In the vicinity of Elfrida, groundwater flow directions have been altered due to agricultural pumpage. The major aquifer in the San Rafael Basin is stream alluvium and basin fill, which are hydrologically connected. Groundwater quality is generally suitable for most uses in these basins. More detail on the hydrogeology of each basin is described in the groundwater conditions section for each basin.  Section 3.0 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Surface Water Hydrology Surface water in the planning area can generally be divided into four areas: the Upper Gila River drainage basins, the Middle Gila River/San Pedro River drainage, the Willcox Basin and areas that drain into Mexico. The Upper Gila watershed drains about 7,400 square miles in the planning area above Coolidge Dam and is within the Morenci, Duncan Valley, Bonita Creek and Safford basins. Major tributaries include the San Francisco River, Eagle Creek, Bonita Creek, San Simon Creek and the San Carlos River. An average of about 160,000 acre-feet per year of Gila River water flows into Arizona from New Mexico and over 40% of this flow typically occurs in the winter. Tributary inflows from the San Francisco River are significant, typically over 150,000 acre-feet per year (ADWR, 2006). The San Francisco River is perennial with a number of hot springs located above Clifton. The Gila River has a 35-mile perennial stretch about 20 miles west of the New Mexico border. Flow in this stretch is maintained by tributary inflow and springs, including hot springs (ADWR, 1994b). Flow in the Gila River becomes intermittent farther downstream due to seasonal variations in flow and impoundment in San Carlos Reservoir. Inflow to the San Carlos Reservoir from the Gila and San Carlos Rivers averages about 310,000 acre-feet per year. (ADWR, 2006). The largest spring in the planning area is located in the Safford Basin. Warm Springs, with a measured discharge of almost 3,400 gpm is located at the headwaters of the San Carlos River. There are also a number of large springs downstream from Pima near the Gila River (USGS, 2006b). Below Coolidge Dam, flow in the Gila River is from releases from the San Carlos Reservoir and flood flow from the San Pedro River, the only major tributary in this stretch of the Gila River located within the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area (ADWR, 1994b). Since 1936, an average of 260,000 acre-feet per year of reservoir storage and inflows have been released to the river below Coolidge Dam (ADWR, 2006). Dripping Springs Wash and Donnelly Wash Basins are included in the Middle Gila River drainage as are the basins of the San Pedro River drainage. Basins within the San Pedro River drainage include Aravaipa Canyon, and the Upper and Lower San Pedro Basins. The Cienega Creek and San Rafael groundwater basins contribute tributary surface water to the San Pedro River drainage (ADWR, 1991). Surface water flow in the Cienega Creek Basin also drains to the Santa Cruz River. Some stretches of the San Pedro River are perennial, although recent drought and delay of the summer monsoon has affected some previously perennial stretches for short periods of time, most notably at Charleston in the Upper San Pedro Basin. Major tributaries to the San Pedro River are the Babocomari River and Aravaipa Creek. In this drainage there are fairly productive springs in the Huachuca Mountains and in the vicinity of the San Pedro River in the Lower San Pedro Basin. Section 3.0 DRAFT Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview  Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Surface water drainage in the Willcox Basin is to the Willcox Playa, which occupies about 50 square miles in the center of the basin. A playa is a nearly level area at the bottom of a closed desert basin, sometimes temporarily covered by water. There are a few perennial streams in the basin that originate in the Pinaleño and the Chiricahua Mountains. Perennial streams include Grant, Leslie, Turkey and Rucker Creeks. There are no large springs identified in the basin. The Douglas, San Bernardino Valley and San Rafael Valley basins generally drain south into Mexico. Whitewater Draw is the major drainage in the Douglas Basin. Black Draw is the main surface water drainage in the San Bernardino Valley Basin and becomes perennial just north of the international boundary. In this basin, artesian wells and springs support wetlands. The San Rafael Valley contains a surface water divide that separates the drainage into two watersheds. Most of the Valley is drained by the Santa Cruz River that flows south into Mexico, then north into Arizona east of Nogales. The eastern part of the valley drains south to Mexico into the San Pedro River Watershed and San Pedro River, which flows north into the planning area. There are no major springs (>10 gpm) identified in any of the three Mexican drainage basins. 3.0.3 Climate Annual average precipitation in the planning area is 14.7 inches, with over 52% coming in July, August, and September (Figure 3.0-3). This planning area receives the most summer precipitation in the state because of its proximity to the core monsoon region in Mexico. The monsoon is strongest in northwestern Mexico, and Arizona usually only receives the northernmost fringes of precipitation. However, Pool and Coes (1999) noted that trends in seasonal precipitation at four stations in the southern half of the Upper San Pedro Basin showed a general trend of increasing winter precipitation and decreasing wet-season (summer) precipitation during the period 19561997. Figure 3.0-4 shows seasonal precipitation averages for selected basins in the planning area that illustrates seasonal precipitation variability as well as climatic differences between basins. Summer precipitation from thunderstorms is less hydrologically efficient than winter precipitation, because monsoon storm cells are spatially discontinuous and high summer temperatures result in high evaporation rates. About 35% of planning area precipitation occurs during winter months (November – April), mostly from frontal storm systems. At higher elevations, this precipitation falls as snow. Slow water release from high elevation spring snowmelt and low evaporation rates make winter precipitation more hydrologically efficient because there is less runoff and greater gain to streams.  Section 3.0 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Figure 3.0-3 Average monthly precipitation and temperature in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area, 1930-2002 Data are from selected Western Regional Climate Center cooperative weather observation stations. Figure author: Ben Crawford, CLIMAS. As in other areas of Arizona, precipitation is extremely variable, both spatially and from year to year. For example, during the 2005-2006 winter, the planning area received 6.3 inches less precipitation than during the 2004-2005 winter. This variability can also be observed on longer time scales. The 1950s were a relatively dry decade with an average annual precipitation deficit of -1.46 inches, while the 1980s were a relatively wet decade with an average annual precipitation surplus of 1.86 inches (Figure 3.0-5). Winter precipitation records dating to 1000 A.D. reconstructed from tree rings show extended periods of above and below average precipitation in every century (Figure 3.0-6). Section 3.0 DRAFT Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview  Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Figure 3.0-4 Average annual precipitation for selected basins in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area 10.00 9.00 8.00 Precipitation (inches) 7.00 Douglas Lower San Pedro Morenci 6.00 5.00 Safford Upper San Pedro 4.00 Willcox 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 Winter Spring Summer Fall These decadal and shorter time period shifts are related to circulation changes in the Pacific Ocean. On time scales of 10-30 years, precipitation variability is likely related to shifts in Pacific Ocean circulation patterns, such as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) or the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). On time scales of 2-7 years, the ENSO, with its phases of El Niño and La Niña, is associated with precipitation variations in the region, most notably during winter months (November-April). During El Niño episodes, there are greater chances for above-average winter precipitation, while La Niña conditions are usually associated with below-average winter precipitation. However, El Niño winters can also produce below-average precipitation. Generally, La Niña conditions are associated with drought in the region. The ENSO phases also impact precipitation and monsoon strength in the region. 10 Section 3.0 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Figure 3.0-5 Average temperature (left) and total precipitation in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area from 1930-2002 Horizontal lines are average temperature (61.6 °F) and precipitation (14.7 inches), respectively. Light lines are yearly values and highlighted lines are 5-year moving average values. Data are from selected Western Regional Climate Center cooperative weather observation stations. Figure author: Ben Crawford, CLIMAS. Annual average temperature in the planning area is 61.6° F, compared to the statewide average of 59.9° F. As in other parts of Arizona, temperatures have been increasing the past several decades (Figure 3.0-5). Temperature observations are consistent with global temperature trends; however, some warming may be attributed to changes in land-cover resulting from population growth. Section 3.0 DRAFT Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview 11 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Figure 3.0-6 Arizona NOAA climate division 7 (southeastern Arizona; Graham, Greenlee, Cochise, Santa Cruz, and Pima Counties) winter (November-April) precipitation departures from average, 1000-1988, reconstructed from tree rings Data are presented as a 20-year moving average to show variability on decadal time scales. Values shown for each year are centered on a 20 year period. The average winter precipitation for 1000-1988 is 4.9 inches. Data: Fenbiao Ni, University of Arizona Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research and CLIMAS. Figure author: Ben Crawford, CLIMAS. 3.0.4 Environmental Conditions Environmental conditions reflect the impacts of geography, climate and cultural activities and may be a critical consideration in water resource management and supply development. Discussed in this section are historic conditions, the effect of cultural activities on environmental conditions, and actions undertaken to restore and protect water resources and habitat. Biotic communities in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area range from Upland Sonoran to Subalpine conifer forests. Much of the area is semi-desert grassland and Chihuahuan desert. The sky island ecosystems of the planning area are relatively isolated from each other, and as a result there are a high number of endemic species in the planning area mountain ranges. These ecosystems are of major interest to resource managers due to their biological diversity and distinct biogeography. (Warshall, 2006) 12 Section 3.0 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 The planning area has been substantially altered in many locations by grazing and farming activities. Cultural water use has lowered groundwater levels and surface water diversions and impoundments have impacted streamflow in a number of areas. On Bonita Creek, woodcutting for mines, overgrazing, beaver trapping and a water conveyance system to Safford has reportedly reduced topsoil as much as 50% and down cut the creek as much as 12 feet (Tellman, et al, 1997). The Gila River, which once was perennial for most of its length in Arizona has been altered in the planning area by Coolidge dam and farming activities. The San Pedro River was a broad river of cienegas (marshes) when first observed by Spanish expeditions in the 1600s and 1700s. Stream entrenchment began in the 1880s and by the early 1890s had spread along the length of the river. The San Pedro River channel began to stabilize during the 1950s (ADWR, 2005a). Historically, the San Simon River was a broad intermittent stream that meandered through the San Simon Valley. Settlers channelized the river in the 1880s to control flooding and direct its flow until it eventually became a 60 mile long, 600 to 800 foot wide river, 10 to 30 feet deep. Restoration efforts began in the 1930s and numerous erosion control structures have been built on the river. (Tellman, et al, 1997) Arizona Water Protection Fund Programs Forty riparian restoration projects in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area have been funded by the Arizona Water Protection Fund Program (AWPF) through 2005. The objective of the AWPF program is to provide funds for protection and restoration of Arizona’s rivers and streams and associated riparian habitats. There are funded projects in ten of the fourteen planning area basins. Most projects have been funded in the Safford, Upper San Pedro, Cienega Creek and Lower San Pedro Basins. Many of these projects were for the purpose of fencing, often in conjunction with water development, and for research. A list of projects and types of projects funded in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area through 2005 is found in Appendix A of this volume. (A description of the program, a complete listing of all projects funded, and a reference map is found in Appendix C of Volume 1.) Instream Flow Claims An instream flow right is a non-diversionary appropriation of surface water for recreation and wildlife use. Thirty-four applications for instream flow claims have been filed in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area, listed in Table 3.0-1 and shown on Figure 3.0-7. Claims have been filed in nine of the fourteen planning area basins. Certificates have been issued for claims on Aravaipa Creek in the Aravaipa Canyon and Lower San Pedro Basins; Bass Canyon in the Lower and Upper San Pedro Basins; Hot Springs Canyon and Wildcat Canyon in the Lower San Pedro Basin; Leslie Creek in the Douglas Basin; Mescal Creek in the Dripping Springs Wash Basin; and O’Donnell Creek, Ramsey Canyon and the San Pedro River in the Upper San Pedro Basin. Other basins with instream flow applications are Bonita Creek, Duncan Valley, Morenci and Safford. Section 3.0 DRAFT Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview 13 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.0-1 Instream Flow Claims in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Map Key Stream Applicant Application No. Permit No. Certificate No. Filing Date 1 Aravaipa Creek BLM (Phoenix) 33-87114.0 87114 87114 6/1/1981 2 Aravaipa Creek The Nature Conservancy 33-95488.0 95488 95488 10/31/1990 3 Aravaipa Creek The Nature Conservancy 33-95489.0 95489 95489 10/31/1990 4 Aravaipa Creek The Nature Conservancy 33-95490.0 95490 95490 10/31/1990 5 Aravaipa Creek The Nature Conservancy 33-95771.0 95771 95771 10/31/1990 6 Babocomari River BLM (Safford) 33-95487.0 Pending Pending 10/2/1990 7 Babocomari River BLM (Safford) 33-96167.0 Pending Pending 2/3/1992 8 Bass Canyon BLM (Safford) 33-94371.0 94371 94371 12/1/1988 9 Bass Canyon The Nature Conservancy 33-96278.0 96278 96278 12/1/1988 10 Bonita Creek BLM (Safford) 33-90250.0 Pending Pending 10/21/1985 11 Buehman Canyon Arizona State Land Department 33-90249.1 Pending Pending 10/21/1985 12 Buehman Creek The Nature Conservancy 33-96545.0 Pending Pending 3/4/1997 13 Gila River BLM (Safford) 33-94379.0 Pending Pending 12/14/1988 BLM (Safford) 33-94372.0 94372 94372 12/1/1988 The Nature Conservancy 33-96279.0 96279 96279 12/1/1988 Hot Springs Canyon Hot Springs Canyon 14 15 16 Leslie Creek U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service 33-96176.0 96176 96176 3/20/1992 17 Mescal Creek BLM (Phoenix) 33-90252.0 90252 90252 10/21/1985 18 Miller Canyon Draw Coronado National Forest 33-95366.0 Pending Pending 12/29/1989 19 Oak Grove Canyon BLM (Safford) 33-96811.0 Pending Pending 7/21/2005 20 O’Donnell Creek The Nature Conservancy 33-78421.0 78421 78421 6/27/1979 21 O’Donnell Creek The Nature Conservancy 33-96449.0 96449 96449 2/21/1991 22 Peppersauce Creek Murray, William L. 33-96564.0 Pending Pending 8/6/1997 23 Ramsey Creek The Nature Conservancy 33-78419.0 78419 78419 6/27/1979 14 Section 3.0 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Map Key Stream Applicant Application No. Permit No. Certificate No. Filing Date 24 Redfield Canyon BLM (Safford) 33-94369.0 Pending Pending 12/1/1988 San Francisco River San Francisco River BLM (Safford) 33-90251.0 Pending Pending 10/21/1985 Phelps Dodge Corporation 33-96759.0 Pending Pending 6/3/2004 27 San Pedro River BLM (Safford) 33-90103.1 90103 90103 8/12/1985 28 San Pedro River BLM (Safford) 33-95780.0 Pending Pending 1/8/1991 29 San Pedro River BLM (Safford) 33-95789.0 Pending Pending 4/1/1991 30 San Pedro River BLM (Safford) 33-96126.1 Pending Pending 8/6/1991 31 San Pedro River BLM (Safford) 33-96127.1 Pending Pending 8/6/1991 32 Spring Canyon Spring BLM (Safford) 33-96799.0 Pending Pending 6/13/2005 33 Wet Canyon Coronado National Forest 33-96681.0 Pending Pending 10/6/2000 34 Wildcat Canyon BLM (Safford) 33-95454.0 95454 95454 6/6/1990 25 26 Source: ADWR, 2005b Threatened and Endangered Species A number of listed threatened and endangered species may be present in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area. Those listed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) as of May 2006 are shown in Table 3.0-2. Presence of a listed species may be a critical consideration in water resource management and supply development in a particular area. The USFWS should be contacted for details regarding the Endangered Species Act (ESA), designated critical habitat and current listings. Conservation Areas, Refuges and Preserves The only two Riparian National Conservation Areas in the nation are found in the planning area the San Pedro Riparian National Conservation Area (SPRNCA) and the Gila Box Riparian National Conservation Area. The SPRNCA was established in November 1988 and contains about 40 miles of riparian area along the San Pedro River in the Upper San Pedro Basin. It includes over 58,000 acres of land between the international border with Mexico and the community of Saint David south of Benson. The primary purpose for the designation is to protect and enhance the desert riparian ecosystem (BLM, 2006a). The 22,000 acre Gila Box Riparian National Conservation Area was established in November 1990 with the principle objective to “conserve, protect, and enhance” the riparian and associated values of the area. The conservation area is located within the Bonita Creek, Duncan Valley, Morenci and Safford Basins. Four perennial waterways, the Gila  An “endangered species” is defined by the USFWS as “an animal or plant species in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range,” while a “threatened species” is “an animal or plant species likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range.” Section 3.0 DRAFT Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview 15 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 T6N APACHE COUNTY 180 191 T4N 60 KP C ee r Ri ve r k T2N Sa n Ca rlo s GILA COUNTY G ive r ed r nP r i ve A lde 24 12 30 T12S 11 C r ee 10 8 14 Willcox COCHISE COUNTY Benson Whetstone k ree k aC r ee ry C Rock Creek Cie S an P ree k T24S R i ar r i ve Tombstone 27 & 29 6&7 aC noit So SANTA CRUZ COUNTY m Babo co River Elgin Sonoita ed ro T20S Sierra Vista Patagonia 20 & 21 Chiricahua 80 191 Bisbee 18 92 Lochiel 80 Pirtleville 28 R20E 0 80 16 23 Sunnyside R18E 16 Pin e 191 80 neg T18S ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Blu e R 191 15 T16S c O Duncan 70 9 PIMA COUNTY T22S 75 191 k 34 31 T14S 32 Pa A sh a sh rW iver dd oR San Manuel 22 T10S r Clifton 78 26 Swift Trail Junction 33 ys R Mammoth ive 13 70 Sa T8S ra R co GREENLEE COUNTY Gila R k Thatcher Klondyke 19 Morenci ee 10 Pima Safford on Bo ta C r er R iv Aravaipa 4 nF 25 Bonita Camp ila ni Cochran Christmas KearnyG ila Ri Hayden PINAL ve r 1 COUNTY 3 2 Dudleyville 5 T6S Beehive Tank AravaipaCany Sa is nc NEW MEXICO on C an y k B ox ee 17 191 GRAHAM COUNTY Cr T4S Arsenic Tubs l ca es M T2S l o w C re ek 70 iver Wil San Carlos Peridot R22E 6 R24E Douglas MEXICO R26E R28E R32E Reach with Instream Flow 12 Miles Application Certificate Perennial / Intermittent Stream Figure 3.0-7 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Instream Flow Applications Section 3.0 R30E COUNTY State Boundary International Boundary Interstate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview DRAFT Section 3.0 DRAFT Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview Mount Graham red squirrel Mexican Spotted Owl Mexican Gray Wolf X X Lesser long-nosed bat X X X Jaguar Loach Minnow X Huachuca water umbel X X Gila topminnow X X Gila Chub Gila trout X X Cochise pincushion cactus Desert pupfish X X Canelo Hills ladies’- tresses Chiricahua Leopard Frog X X Beautiful shiner California Brown Pelican X Bald Eagle X Arizona hedgehog cactus Endangered X X Threatened Arizona Cliff-rose Apache Trout Common Name >8,000 ft./montane upper elevation mature to old-growth conifer forest 4,100-9,000 ft./canyons, dense forests with multi-layered foliage structure 4,000-12,000 ft. /chapparal, woodland, forests <8,000ft./benthic species of small to large perennial streams <6,000 ft./desert scrub with agave and columnar cacti 1,600->9,000 ft./Sonoran desertscrub through subalpine conifer forest 3,500-6,500 ft./cienegas, perennial low gradient streams, wetlands 5,000-10,000 ft./small, high mountain streams <4,500 ft./small streams, springs and cienegas vegetated shallows >4,200 ft./ semi-desert grassland with small shrubs, agave, cacti, grama grass <5,000 ft./shallow springs, small streams and marshes. Tolerates saline and warm water 2,000-5,500 ft./pools, springs, cienegas and streams 3,300-8,900ft./streams, rivers, backwaters, ponds stock tanks 5,000 ft./finely grained, highly organic, saturated soils of cienegas Varies/lakes and rivers <4,500 ft./small to medium sized streams and ponds <4,000 ft./white soils of tertiary limestone lake bed deposits 3,700-5,200 ft./ecotone between interior chapparal and madrean evergreen woodland Varies/large trees or cliffs near water >5000 ft./cold mountain streams Elevation/Habitat Table 3.0-2 Listed threatened and endangered species in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area 17 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 18 X X Sonora tiger salamander Southwestern Willow Flycatcher X Yaqui topminnow Source: USFWS, 2006a X Yaqui chub X X Razorback sucker Yaqui catfish X Pima pineapple cactus X X Ocelot Spikedace X Northern aplomado falcon Endangered X X Threatened Nichol’s Turk’s head cactus New Mexico ridge-nosed rattlesnake Common Name Section 3.0 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview DRAFT <4,500ft./small to moderate sized streams, springs, cienegas in shallows 4,000-6,000 ft./deep pools of small streams or ponds near undercut banks 4,000-5,000 ft./moderate to large streams with slow current <6,000 ft./moderate to large perennial streams with gravel cobble substrates <8,500 ft./cottonwood-willow and tamarisk along rivers and streams 4,000-6,300 ft./stock tanks and impounded cienegas <6,000 ft./riverine and lacustrine areas, not in fast moving water 3,500-9,000 ft./grassland and savannah <8,000 ft./humid tropical and sub-tropical forests, savannahs and semi-arid thornscrub 2,300-5,000 ft./Sonoran desertscrub or semi-desert grassland 2,400-4,100 ft./Sonoran desertscrub 5,000-6,600 ft./canyon bottoms in pine-oak communities Elevation/Habitat Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 River, Bonita Creek, Eagle Creek, and San Francisco River are contained in the area. A 15-mile segment of Bonita Creek and 23 miles of the Gila River are included in the conservation area. The Las Cienegas National Conservation Area was established in December 2000 and encompasses about 45,000 acres. Most of the conservation area is located between the Empire and Whetstone mountain ranges generally north of Sonoita within the Cienega Creek Basin. A small part of the conservation area extends into the Upper San Pedro Basin. The conservation area was designated in order to protect a number of natural resources including aquatic, wildlife, vegetative and riparian. Livestock grazing and recreation are allowed to continue in “appropriate” areas. Goals include protecting water quality and water quantity. (BLM, 2006c). A notable wilderness area, Aravaipa Canyon Wilderness Area, is located in the Aravaipa Canyon Basin. Administered by the Bureau of Land Management, it was designated in 1984 and includes 19,700 acres along the 10-mile long central gorge of the canyon, which cuts through the northern end of the Galiuro Mountains. The Nature Conservancy’s (TNC) Aravaipa Canyon Preserve, consisting of about 7,000 acres, includes lands at both the east and west ends of Aravaipa Canyon as well as lands on the canyon’s south rim (TNC, 2006a). There are two National Wildlife Refuges (NWR) in the planning area, the San Bernardino NWR in the San Bernardino Valley Basin and Leslie Canyon NWR located in the Douglas and Willcox Basins. Both refuges were established in the 1980s to protect water resources and habitat for endangered native fishes and rare velvet ash-cottonwood-black willow gallery forest. (USFWS, 2006b). The Nature Conservancy has acquired a number of properties in the planning area for habitat protection, particularly in the Lower San Pedro Basin. In addition to the previously mentioned Aravaipa Canyon Preserve, TNC preserves include Buehman Canyon Preserve and the San Pedro River Preserve near Winkelman, all located in the Lower San Pedro Basin. Other TNC preserves include the Ramsey Canyon Preserve in the Huachuca Mountains in the Upper San Pedro Basin, and the Patagonia-Sonoita Creek Preserve in the Cienega Creek Basin. The Muleshoe Ranch Cooperative Management Area is a 49,000 acre preserve established to preserve native fish and grassland located in the Lower San Pedro, Upper San Pedro and Willcox Basins. This area is managed cooperatively by the TNC, BLM and USFS. In addition to preserves, the TNC has acquired properties to establish conservation easements that retire irrigated agriculture and reduce groundwater pumping along the San Pedro River. These include the 2,150 acre Three Links Farm, located about 15 miles north of Benson in the Lower San Pedro Basin that contains more than six miles along the river, and a property near the San Pedro River Preserve. Other TNC-facilitated areas with conservation easements are the 18,500 acre San Rafael Ranch Natural Area in the San Rafael Basin and the 909 acre Sylvester Ranch in Palominas in the Upper San Pedro Basin. (TNC, 2006b) Pima County has acquired two ranches in the Lower San Pedro Basin as part of the Sonoran Desert Conservation Plan the A-7 Ranch located in the northeast corner of Pima County and the northwest corner of Cochise County, and the Six-Bar Ranch located ten miles south of San Manuel west of the San Pedro River. These two conservation preserves total over 10,000 acres (Pima County, Section 3.0 DRAFT Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview 19 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 with current annual demand averaging about 50,000 acre-feet over the average annual use from 1991-2000. A brief description of agricultural areas follows, listed generally in descending order of water demand. Figure 3.0-12. Agricultural Demand in the Duncan Valley, Douglas, Safford and Willcox Basins, 1991-2003 250,000 200,000 150,000 Acre-feet Duncan Valley Douglas Safford Willcox 100,000 50,000 0 1991-1995 1996-2000 2001-2003 Year Source: USGS, 2005; ADWR, 2005f Safford and Duncan Valley Basins In the Safford Basin, agricultural irrigation occurs along the Gila River where cotton and wheat are the predominant crops and in the San Simon Valley in the southern part of the basin where predominant crops include cotton, chile, alfalfa, corn and nut orchards. The Gila Valley Irrigation District (GVID), incorporated in 1923, encompasses about 35,500 acres along the Gila River from the San Carlos Apache Reservation boundary to about 12 miles east of Safford. There are ten canal companies within the GVID that deliver water to farmers who also irrigate using privately owned wells. Surface water use in the Safford area is pursuant to the Gila River Decree (Globe Equity No. 59 Decree) and when surface water is limited it is allocated to downstream users and not available for irrigation in the area. During the period of 2001-2003, an average of 122,500 acre-feet of groundwater and 73,000 acre-feet of surface water were used annually in the Safford Basin. Section 3.0 DRAFT Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview 36 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.0-3 Communities in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area with a 2000 Census population greater than 1,000 Communities Basin Sierra Vista Sierra Vista SE Douglas Safford Bisbee Benson San Manuel Thatcher Willcox San Carlos Oracle1 Clifton Whetstone Kearny Swift Trail Jct. Pima Morenci Huachuca City Mammoth St. David Tombstone Dudleyville Peridot Total >1,000 Other Total USP USP DOU SAF USP/DOU USP LSP SAF WIL SAF LSP MOR USP LSP SAF SAF MOR USP LSP USP USP LSP SAF 1990 Census Pop. 32,983 9,237 13,137 7,359 6,288 3,824 4,009 3,763 3,122 2,918 3,043 2,840 1,289 2,262 1,203 1,725 1,799 1,782 1,845 1,468 1,220 1,356 957 109,429 46,236 155,665 2000 Census Pop. 37,775 14,348 14,312 9,232 6,090 4,711 4,375 4,022 3,733 3,716 3,563 2,596 2,354 2,249 2,195 1,989 1,879 1,751 1,762 1,744 1,504 1,323 1,266 128,489 58,123 186,612 Percent Change 1990-2000 14.5 55.3 8.9 25.5 -3.1 23.2 9.1 6.9 19.6 2.7 17.1 -8.6 82.6 -0.6 82.5 15.3 4.4 -1.7 -4.5 18.8 23.3 -2.4 32.3 17.4 25.7 19.9 2005 Pop. Estimate 43,690 NA 17,195 9,360 6,570 4,740 NA 4,550 3,885 NA NA 2,495 NA 2,185 NA 2,085 NA 1,830 1,740 NA 1,610 NA NA NA NA NA Percent Change 2000-2005 15.7% --20.1 1.4 7.9 0.6 --13.1 4.1 -----3.9 ---2.8 --4.8 --4.5 -1.2 --7.0 ----------- Projected 2050 Pop. 61,833 16,854 17,974 18,776 6,875 4,806 5,102 7,273 4,281 4,220 9,883 4,101 2,548 3,587 6,574 3,350 2,422 2,633 2,312 2,928 1,789 2,769 3,192 196,082 104,874 300,956 Source: DES, 2005 Note: 2005 population estimates not available for unincorporated communities 1 The community of Oracle is located in the Lower San Pedro Basin but its water supply comes from wells at Oracle Junction in the Tucson AMA. USP=Upper San Pedro Basin; DOU=Douglas Basin; SAF=Safford Basin; WIL=Willcox Basin; LSP=Lower San Pedro Basin; MOR=Morenci Basin Population Growth and Water Use The state currently has limited mechanisms to address the connections between land use, population growth and water supply. A legislative attempt to link growth and water management planning is the Growing Smarter Plus Act of 2000 (Act) which requires that counties with a population greater than 125,000 (2000 Census) include planning for water resources in their comprehensive plans. None of the counties in the planning area fit this population criterion. However, Cochise County has incorporated water resource planning into its comprehensive plan, has adopted water use guidelines for certain area plans and is pursuing creation of an overlay district in the southern part of the Upper San Pedro Basin that would set water conservation standards for new developments. The Act also requires that twenty-three communities outside AMAs include a water resources element in their general plans. In the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area this includes the communities Section 3.0 DRAFT Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview 21 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 of Benson, Douglas, Safford and Sierra Vista. References to completed plans are listed in basin references in this volume and may contain useful information for water resource planning. The Department’s Water Adequacy Program also connects water supply and demand to growth to some extent but does not control growth. Developers of subdivisions outside of AMAs are required to obtain a determination of whether there is sufficient water of adequate quality available for 100 years. If the supply is inadequate, lots may still be sold, but the condition of the water supply must be disclosed in promotional materials and in sales documents. The service areas of the Cities of Benson, Douglas, Willcox, Safford and the Empirita Water Company have been designated as having an adequate water supply. If a subdivision is served by one of these water providers then a separate adequacy determination is not required. Basin adequacy determinations, including the reason for the inadequate determination, are provided in the basin sections of this volume and are summarized below. Table 3.0-4 Water Adequacy Determinations in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area as of 5/2005 Number of Subdivisions Number of Lots Adequate Inadequate Percent of Lots Inadequate Aravaipa Canyon none none none none none Bonita Creek none none none none none Cienega Creek 12 441 289 152 34 Donnelly Wash 1 59 0 59 100 Douglas 6 415 65 350 84 none none none none none Duncan Valley 3 268 61 207 77 Lower San Pedro 11 UNK 145 UNK UNK Morenci 9 1,759 1,725 34 19 Safford 20 731 139 592 81 San Bernardino Valley none none none none none San Rafael none none none none none Upper San Pedro 185 22,508 18,266 4,242 19 Willcox 20 1,577 989 588 37 TOTAL 267 27,903 21,679 6,224 22 Basin Dripping Springs Wash UNK = Unknown 3.0.6 Water Supply Local aquifers are the primary water supply for the planning area for municipal, industrial and agricultural use. Only about 18% of the cultural water demand is served by surface water. Most of the surface water is for agricultural use, and includes diversion from the San Pedro River in 22 Section 3.0 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 the Lower San Pedro and Upper San Pedro Basins, from Aravaipa Creek in the Aravaipa Canyon Basin and from the Gila River for use in the Duncan Valley and Safford Basins. The Gila River diversions are substantial, accounting for 95% of all surface water diversions in the planning area. Small amounts of surface water are diverted for municipal use in the Morenci, Upper San Pedro and Willcox Basins and for industrial use in the Morenci Basin. Some communities utilize effluent for golf course irrigation and for groundwater recharge. Sites of environmental contamination may impact the availability of water supplies in some locations. Legal availability of water supplies is an issues in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area. The Arizona Water Rights Settlement Act of 2004 (P.L. 108-45) includes settlement of the Gila River Indian Community’s water rights claims in Title II of the Act. This settlement affects the volume and utilization of groundwater and surface water upstream from the Community in parts of the planning area. (See ADWR, 2006). Surface Water Surface water is a municipal supply for the City of Tombstone in the Upper San Pedro Basin, for the town of Morenci in the Morenci Basin and Fort Grant in the Willcox Basin. The City of Safford uses water collected in an infiltration gallery along Bonita Creek but for the purposes of this report, the water is considered groundwater. The City of Tombstone began using surface water from springs in the Huachuca Mountains west of Tombstone in 1881 and currently diverts water from Miller and Carr Springs. This water is conveyed through a more than 25-mile, gravity fed, seven-inch diameter steel pipeline to Tombstone. Surface water is an industrial and municipal supply in the Morenci Basin at Morenci. Surface water is diverted from several rivers in the planning area for agricultural irrigation. This supply may not always be available when needed. For example, surface water from the San Pedro River in the vicinity of Saint David is typically only available during the period from November to May. In addition to diversions from the San Pedro River in the Lower and Upper San Pedro Basins, there are small surface water diversions from Aravaipa Creek in the Aravaipa Canyon Basin, and larger diversions from the Gila River. Water diverted from the Gila River is delivered to agricultural lands in the Safford and Duncan Valley Basins. When sufficient surface water is not available, the shortfall is made up by additional groundwater withdrawals. This shortfall may be dramatic. For example, the percentage of surface water used in the Safford and Duncan Valley Basins in 2000 was 27% compared to 60% in 1999. Phelps Dodge Corporation provides water to the Morenci Mine Complex and the town of Morenci in the Morenci Basin in part through complex exchange agreements involving several water sources, some of which are located outside the planning area. Currently, Phelps Dodge utilizes exchange credits from both Horseshoe Reservoir on the Verde River and the Central Arizona Project through lease agreements with the San Carlos Apache Tribe, to divert water from the Black River at the Black River Pump Station in the Upper Salt River Basin. This water is pumped over the watershed divide into Willow and Eagle Creeks where it is transported for about 51 miles before being commingled with water from Phelps Dodge’s Upper Eagle Creek Well Field. Phelps Dodge also uses water from Eagle Creek, Chase Creek and the San Francisco River (ADWR, 2005c). Historically, Phelps Dodge also had water exchange agreements involving Show Low Section 3.0 DRAFT Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview 23 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Lake and Blue Ridge Reservoir in the Little Colorado River Basin. It relinquished its certificated rights to both water sources in 2005. The location of surface water resources are shown on maps entitled “Surface Water Conditions” and “Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major (>10 gpm) Springs” for each basin and in basin tables containing data on streamflow, flood ALERT equipment, reservoirs, stockponds and springs in the Water Resource Characteristics sections. Groundwater Major aquifers supplying groundwater are basin fill, sedimentary rock (Gila Conglomerate), volcanic rock and recent stream alluvium. Groundwater supplies about 82% of the water demand in the planning area. Groundwater development in basins located in the north and northeastern part of the planning area (Bonita Creek, Dripping Springs Wash, Duncan Valley and Morenci) is primarily from wells that tap the younger basin fill or the Gila Formation. Basin fill is the major aquifer in all three sub-basins of the Safford Basin. In some areas of the Safford Basin the groundwater supply may contain high total dissolved solids (TDS) and fluoride, which may affect its suitability for use. In basins located on the western side of the planning area (Aravaipa Canyon, Donnelly Wash, Lower and Upper San Pedro), groundwater is pumped from the stream alluvium and from basinfill sediments. Most irrigation wells are located in the stream alluvium while most industrial and domestic wells are located in the regional basin fill. The recent stream alluvium is the main source of water in the Aravaipa Canyon Basin for all uses and water quality is good. There is very limited water development in the Donnelly Wash Basin. In the Upper San Pedro Basin, most of the water used is pumped from aquifers. Artesian conditions in some areas support modest groundwater discharges for irrigation use in the Benson-Pomerene area, though to a lesser extent, and historically in the Palominas-Hereford area. Groundwater quality is generally good although there are some areas of local contamination including nitrate contamination near St. David. In the Lower San Pedro Basin, most mining, industrial and domestic/municipal wells are located in the regional basin-fill aquifer while most irrigation wells are located in the stream alluvium. Water quality is generally suitable for most uses. Groundwater conditions in the Cienega Creek Basin are somewhat complex as described in Section 3.0.2. Stream alluvium aquifers support stock and domestic uses in the northern part of the basin while basin fill is the principal aquifer in the central valley of the basin. In the southwestern section of the basin, the stream alluvium aquifer supplies almost all groundwater used in the area for irrigation, domestic and stock purposes. There are no serious water quality issues that affect the use of groundwater in the basin. The principal source of groundwater for all purposes in the Willcox Basin is alluvial deposits. There has been heavy agricultural pumpage in some areas, resulting in changes in groundwater flow direction, supply depletion and possible land subsidence (USGS, 2006a). The three basins with groundwater outflow to Mexico have differing groundwater supply 24 Section 3.0 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 conditions. In the San Bernardino Valley Basin, groundwater is obtained from thin units of sand and gravel interbedded with basalt flows or from shallow alluvium. Most wells in the basin are located immediately north of the international border where water levels are generally less than 100 feet below land surface. Artesian wells and springs support wetlands designated as the San Bernardino National Wildlife Refuge. The main aquifer in the Douglas Basin is basin fill, which supplies most of the large-capacity wells. In the City of Douglas area, groundwater is pumped from basin fill with interbedded volcanic rock. The basin has been severely over drafted since the late 1940s and much of the basin is designated as an Irrigation Non-Expansion Area to restrict agricultural expansion. Groundwater quality is generally suitable for most uses in the basin but high concentrations of fluoride occur locally, making some water marginal for domestic uses. There is very little groundwater development in the San Rafael Basin where ranching is the primary activity. Groundwater is obtained from stream alluvium and basin fill. Information on major aquifers, well yields, estimated natural recharge, estimated water in storage, aquifer flow direction, and water level changes are found in groundwater data tables, groundwater conditions maps, hydrographs and well yield maps for each basin in the Water Resource Characteristics sections. Effluent Effluent is utilized as a water supply in the Lower San Pedro, Safford, Upper San Pedro, and Willcox basins for golf course irrigation, agricultural irrigation and groundwater recharge. About 3% of the water demand in the Upper San Pedro Basin is met by effluent. In 2002, about 800 acrefeet of effluent from the Sierra Vista, Fort Huachuca and Benson Wastewater Treatment Plants was delivered for golf course irrigation and almost 1,000 acre-feet of effluent was recharged to the aquifer at Fort Huachuca and at the Sierra Vista Recharge Facility. Contamination Sites Sites of environmental contamination may impact the availability of water supplies. An inventory of Department of Defense (DOD), Superfund (Environmental Protection Agency designated sites), Water Quality Assurance Revolving Fund (WQARF, state designated sites), Voluntary Remediation Program (VRP) and Leaking Underground Storage Tank (LUST) sites was conducted for the planning area. Table 3.0-5 lists the DOD, Superfund, VRP and WQARF sites, the contaminant and affected media and the basin location of the site. In addition, there are 203 active Leaking Underground Storage Tank (LUST) sites in the planning area, most of which are located in the Safford Basin and the Upper San Pedro Basin. The location of all contamination sites is shown on Figure 3.0-8. Section 3.0 DRAFT Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview 25 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.0-5 Active contamination sites in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area MEDIA AFFECTED AND CONTAMINANT Department of Defense (DOD) Sites SITE NAME GROUNDWATER BASIN Fort Huachuca Groundwater and soil – leaking underground storage tanks and solid waste disposal Upper San Pedro Safford Military Range Soil-lead Safford Federal National Priority List (Superfund Sites) Apache Powder Groundwater-arsenic, fluoride, nitrate, perchlorate Surface water-dinitoglycerine (DNT) Soil – arsenic, barium, metals, nitrate, vanadium pentoxide, trinitroglycerin (TNT) Upper San Pedro Voluntary Remediation Sites Arizona Copper Co Soil – metals and solvents Morenci Soil and groundwater – metals Douglas Clifton School – Phelps Dodge Soil - smelter fallout metals Morenci Douglas Parcel 408-18-025C Soil – arsenic and copper Douglas Firebird Fuel Spill Soil - Benzene, Toluene, Ethyl Benzene, Xylene (BTEX) Douglas Soil – arsenic, lead and copper Douglas Phelps Dodge American Avenue Soil – metals Douglas Shannon Hills Smelter Soil – mine tailings, arsenic and copper Morenci Union Pacific Railroad San Simon Depot Bunker C fuel oil Safford Bisbee Smelter Jobbing Warehouse WQARF Sites Klondyke Tailings Groundwater, surface water and soil - metals Aravaipa Canyon Sources: ADEQ, 2006a; ADEQ 2006b 26 Section 3.0 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview DRAFT Overview Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.0 DRAFT APACHE COUNTY T6N T4N T2N GILA COUNTY MORENCI San Carlos Peridot Arsenic Tubs GREENLEE COUNTY T2S BONITA CREEK Cochran DONNELLY WASH T4S Kearny Bonita Camp Christmas DRIPPING SPRINGS WASH Hayden Dudleyville Beehive Tank Klondyke Tailings PINAL COUNTY T8S Mammoth Arizona Copper Company Clifton School Phelps Dodge Shannon Hills Smelter DUNCAN VALLEY Aravaipa Pima SAFFORD T6S Clifton Morenci Safford Thatcher Klondyke GRAHAM COUNTY ARAVAIPA CANYON Safford Military Range Swift Trail Junction Duncan LOWER SAN PEDRO T10S NEW MEXICO San Manuel WILLCOX PIMA COUNTY T12S 10 Willcox Union Pacific Railroad San Simon Depot T14S COCHISE COUNTY UPPER SAN PEDRO T16S Whetstone Benson Firebird Fuel Spill Apache Powder T18S T20S CIENEGA CREEK 80 80 Sonoita SANTA CRUZ COUNTY T22S Firebird Fuel Spill Elgin Sierra Vista Patagonia DOUGLAS Fort Huachuca SAN RAFAEL T24S R16E Elfrida Tombstone Bisbee Phelps Dodge American Avenue 92 Sunnyside Bisbee Smelter R20E R24E R22E Jobbing Warehouse Douglas Parcel 408-18-025C Lochiel R18E Chiricahua R26E Pirtleville Douglas R28E SAN BERNARDINO VALLEY R30E R32E MEXICO Contamination Site Type 0 c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Data Source: ADEQ,2005. 6 12 Miles Figure 3.0-8 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Contamination Sites Leaking Underground Storage Tank (LUST) Voluntary Remediation Program Department Of Defense (DOD) Superfund Water Quality Assurance Revolving Fund (WQARF) Consolidated Crystaline and Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments 27 COUNTY State Boundary International Boundary Interstate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 There are nine active VRP sites in the planning area. All sites in the Douglas and Morenci Basins are associated with mining-related activities. There are also three mining-related sites in the Morenci Basin. The only other site is a fuel oil contamination site at San Simon in the Safford Basin. The VRP is the state administered and funded voluntary cleanup program. Any site that has soil and/ or groundwater contamination, provided that the site is not subject to an enforcement action by another remediation program, is eligible to participate. To encourage participation ADEQ provides an expedited process and a single point of contact for projects that involve more than one program. (Environmental Law Institute, 2002) The Apache Powder Superfund site located about 2.5 miles southwest of Saint David in the Upper San Pedro Basin is the only Superfund site in the planning area. Apache Nitrogen Products (ANP) Inc., formerly known as Apache Powder Company, owns and operates a fertilizer and nitric acid manufacturing plant at the site. Soil, groundwater and surface water contamination has occurred due to past manufacturing and disposal practices at the site. Sampling has identified a nitrate plume affecting both groundwater and a short reach of the San Pedro River. Additional contaminants of concern include arsenic, fluoride, perchlorates and metals. Cleanup efforts to date include removal of waste barrels and contaminated soils, and construction of a treatment wetland. A future cleanup schedule has been developed by ANP and remedial activities are being coordinated with the EPA and ADEQ (ADWR, 2005a). DOD Installation Restoration Program funding has supported environmental cleanup of contaminated soils at Fort Huachuca in the Upper San Pedro Basin. Groundwater monitoring wells have been installed at the South Range Landfill and East Range Mine Shaft to monitor contamination. Groundwater contamination has not been identified. These sites are part of the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) cleanup program. (ADWR, 2005a) 3.0.7 Cultural Water Demand Total cultural water demand in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area averaged approximately 550,000 acre-feet per year in the period from 2001-2003. The agricultural demand sector is by far the largest water demand sector with over 475,000 acre-feet of demand (see Figure 3.0-9). This is primarily due to agricultural demand in 4 basins Willcox, Safford, Duncan Valley and Douglas, which account for 443,500 acre-feet, or 93% of the agricultural demand. About one-fifth of the agricultural demand is met with surface water. The volume of municipal water demand and industrial water demand is similar. Municipal demand was approximately 37,800 acre-feet of primarily groundwater demand per year in the period from 2001-2003. Only about 800 acre-feet of surface water was reported for municipal purposes. Industrial demand, primarily from mining, is about 33,700 acre-feet per year. Of this, about 500 acre-feet of surface water is used. The demand sector composition varies substantially from basin to basin as shown in the basin cultural demand tables. For example, there is no agricultural irrigation in six of the basins and total demand ranges from less than 300 acre-feet in several basins Section 3.0 DRAFT Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview 28 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 to almost 199,000 acre feet per year in the Safford Basin. (See Figure 3.0-10) Detailed current information on San Carlos Apache Reservation water demand was not available to the Department. The reservation population is approximately 10,000, primarily residing in the communities of San Carlos/Peridot and Bylas/Calva. There is a golf course, hotel and casino complex (Apache Gold) west of the community of San Carlos. Principal economic activities on the reservation include cattle ranching, forestry, recreation, and gemstone mining (San Carlos Apache Nation, 2006). Farming has historically been important. Total cultural use in the Gila River drainage portion of the reservation was estimated at 4,120 acre-feet in a Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) report from the early 1970s (BIA, 1974). With the population increase since the BIA estimate and construction of the casino complex, and assuming that agricultural, livestock and industrial uses have remained constant, it is estimated that current demand is approximately 5,300 acre-feet per year. Figure 3.0-9 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area average annual cultural water demand by sector, 2001-2003 500,000 450,000 acre-feet acre-feet 400,000 350,000 300,000 250,000 Surface Water Groundwater 200,000 150,000 100,000 50,000 0 Municipal 29 Industrial Agricultural Section 3.0 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Provisions of the Arizona Water Rights Settlement Act of 2004 have implications for water use in the planning area. Under Title II of the Act, Congress authorized a 2003 Settlement Agreement concerning the Gila River Indian Community’s (GRIC) water rights. The 2003 Settlement Agreement was amended to conform to the Settlement Act and becomes enforceable on or before December 31, 2007. The Settlement Agreement established an Upper Gila River Watershed Maintenance Program that was incorporated into state law in 2005 (H.B. 2728). The program defines a Gila River Maintenance Area that covers much of the planning area except for the Willcox, Douglas and San Bernardino Valley Basins and portions of other basins in Cochise County. There are certain restrictions within the area, subject to specific exemptions, including construction of new dams or enlargement of existing dams and irrigation of land is prohibited unless the land was previously irrigated between January 1, 2000 and August 12, 2005. (ADWR, 2006) Figure 3.0-10 Average total water demand by basin in acre-feet, 2001-2003 Morenci, 12,500 Bonita Creek, 3,200 Other, 3,000 Duncan, 26,950 Lower San Pedro, 32,500 Upper San Pedro, 39,050 Safford, 198,850 Douglas, 53,700 Willcox, 182,750 The settlement agreement also established “Safe Harbor” areas within which the Gila River Indian Community, the San Carlos Irrigation and Drainage District and the United States “agree not to exercise their rights to challenge, object to or call certain water users based on their normal flow rights and stored water rights under the Globe Equity Decree.” (ADWR, 2006). The Safe Harbor provisions establish three Impact Zones with specific conditions for each. The impact zones are: 1) the San Pedro Ag and New Large Industrial Use Impact Zone, 2) the San Pedro M&I Section 3.0 DRAFT Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview 30 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 and Domestic Purposes Impact Zone, and 3) the Gila River Impact Zone. These zones are in the proximity of the Gila and San Pedro Rivers and include named tributaries. For information on these provisions, refer to the Settlement Agreement and to the Technical Assessment of the Gila River Indian Community Water Rights Settlement (ADWR, 2006). Municipal Demand Primary municipal demand centers are the Sierra Vista area (including Bisbee), Douglas, Safford/ Thatcher, Benson, San Manuel and Willcox. Groundwater is the primary water supply for municipal use throughout the planning area. Municipal water demand in 2003 is summarized by groundwater basin in Table 3.0-6. Mining demand and municipal demand cannot be accurately distinguished in the Morenci area and groundwater and surface water supplies are commingled. As a result, the demand shown in Table 3.0-6 for the Morenci Basin is an estimate and all water used is assumed to be groundwater. There is little population or municipal demand in a number of basins in the planning area including Aravaipa Canyon, Bonita Creek, Cienega Creek, Donnelly Wash, Dripping Springs Wash, Duncan Valley, San Bernardino Valley and the San Rafael Basins. As shown, almost half of the municipal demand in the planning area is in the Upper San Pedro Basin. Municipal demand on the San Carlos Apache Reservation is assumed to be relatively small. Community water systems serve the San Carlos-Peridot community and Bylas-Calva, all in the Safford Basin (BIA, 1974). Based on population, a reasonable municipal demand estimate is 1,000 to 1,250 acre-feet per year. 31 Section 3.0 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.0-6 2003 municipal water demand in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Basin Groundwater (acre-feet) Aravaipa Canyon Bonita Creek3 Cienega Creek Donnelly Wash Douglas Dripping Springs Wash Duncan Valley Lower San Pedro Morenci2 Safford3 San Bernardino Valley San Rafael Upper San Pedro Willcox Total Municipal <300 <300 600 <300 5,700 <300 650 2,000 1,100 6,000 <300 <300 18,000 2,700 37,500 Surface Water (acre-feet) Effluent1 (acre-feet) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NR 0 0 0 <300 <300 <600 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NR 0 500 0 0 800 211 1,511 Sources: ADEQ, 2005a; ADWR, 2004; ADWR, 2005d; S. Tadayon, 2004; USGS, 2005 NR = Supply utilized but not reported 1 Data on effluent demand is taken from effluent use for golf courses in 2005. 2 Surface water and groundwater are commingled in this basin and cannot be distinguished. 3 Shown on Table 3.0-6 is water utilized within the basin. The Cultural Demand Table for Bonita Creek in Section 3.2.8 reflects water withdrawn in the basin. Almost all of the approximately 3,200 acre-feet withdrawn in the Bonita Creek Basin is conveyed to the Safford Basin. Only eleven water providers in the planning area served 450 acre-feet or more in 2003. These providers and their demand in 1991 and 2000 are shown in Table 3.0-7. Municipal gallon per capita per day (gpcd) rates are estimated to be about 125 gpcd in San Manuel, 157 gpcd in the Benson area, 168 gpcd in the Sierra Vista area, 177 gpcd in Safford, 225 gpcd in Douglas. Section 3.0 DRAFT Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview 32 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.0-7 Water providers serving 450 acre-feet or more of water per year, excluding effluent, in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area 1991 (acre-feet) 2000 (acre-feet) 2003 (acre-feet) 2,999 3,621 4,685 Arizona Water Company San Manuel 855 743 Town of Kearny 483 648 489 Morenci Water and Electric 773 1,180 1,043 City of Safford 3,748 3,836 4,006 Graham County Utilities, Inc - Pima 298 435 476 Arizona Water Company Bisbee 962 1,003 1,200 Arizona Water Company Sierra Vista 862 1,109 1,255 Bella Vista Water Company - Sierra Vista 2,907 3,208 3,640 City of Benson Pueblo del Sol Water Company - Sierra Vista 545 728 912 360 1,136 1,470 Basin/Water Provider Douglas Douglas Water Department Lower San Pedro 613 1 Morenci Safford Upper San Pedro Sources: ADWR 2005d; Upper Gila Watershed Partnership, 2005; WIFA, 2005; USGS, 2006c 1 Data provided is water delivery for 2005 There are few municipally-owned water providers in the planning area. Municipal water utilities have more flexibility in setting water rates than private water companies, which are regulated by the Arizona Corporation Commission. In addition, municipal utilities have the authority to enact water conservation ordinances. These authorities enable municipal utilities to better manage water resources within water service areas. Water provider issues are discussed in section 3.0.8. Provisions of the Settlement Agreement described above include individual agreements with the City of Safford and with the Towns of Duncan, Kearny, and Mammoth to resolve disputes regarding use of water for municipal and industrial purposes. These agreements set limits on future annual water use although actual use can exceed these limits under certain conditions and/or by implementing mitigation measures. (ADWR, 2006) There are several golf courses in the planning area that are served from a municipal water supply. They are shown in Table 3.0-8 with estimated demand and source of water and are discussed below. Demand estimates account for elevation of the facility and duration of the irrigation season. 33 Section 3.0 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.0-8 Municipal golf course demand in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area (c. 2004) Facility Basin # of Holes Demand (acre-feet) Water Supply Douglas Municipal Golf Course Douglas 18 440 Groundwater Hayden Golf Course Lower San Pedro 9 211 Groundwater Mt. Graham Golf Course Safford 18 500 Effluent Mountain View Golf Course Upper San Pedro 18 370 Effluent San Pedro Golf Course Upper San Pedro 18 500 Effluent/Groundwater Twin Lakes Municipal Golf Course Willcox 9 211 Effluent Source: ADWR, 2005e Effluent is a municipal supply in a number of communities. As shown in Table 3.0-8, it is a supply for golf course irrigation in the Upper San Pedro, Safford and Willcox Basins. In the Upper San Pedro Basin, approximately 1,000 acre-feet of effluent were used in 2002 to irrigate three facilities: the Chaffee Parade Field (53 acre-feet) and Mountain View Golf Course at Fort Huachuca; and the San Pedro Golf Course at Benson. Effluent is recharged to the aquifer in constructed recharge facilities at Fort Huachuca and by the City of Sierra Vista. Between 2002 and 2005 a total of approximately 6,500 acre-feet of effluent was recharged at the Sierra Vista facility. Fort Huachuca recharges about 500 acre-feet of effluent per year. Plans are underway to transport and recharge 200 acre-feet/year of Huachuca City effluent at the Fort Huachuca recharge facility (ADWR, 2005a). Effluent is used for irrigation at Kearny, Safford, Fort Grant, Thatcher and Bisbee. This irrigation is typically part of the effluent disposal method. There are two effluent treatment wetlands located in the Upper San Pedro Basin. The wetland at the Apache Nitrogen Products facility was constructed as part of the Superfund clean-up and the wetland at the Sierra Vista Treatment Plant is operated in conjunction with the recharge facility. The three separate wastewater treatment facilities that serve the Bisbee population centers of Old Bisbee, Warren and San Jose are in the process of being combined into a single plant at San Jose. In addition, the Bisbee collection system will be improved to reduce leakage and a substantial number of residents on septic systems will be connected to the sewer system. Effluent from Old Bisbee (about 130,000 gpd) has historically been discharged to Mule Gulch in the Douglas Basin. Plans are to either deliver the treated effluent to an end user and/or recharge it (ADWR, 2005a). Estimates of effluent production are found in the Cultural Water Demand sections for each basin. Section 3.0 DRAFT Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview 34 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Agricultural Demand Agriculture is a large water use sector and an important segment of the economy in the planning area, particularly in the Safford, Willcox, Douglas and Duncan Valley Basins (Figure 3.0-11). Relatively recent declines in irrigated acreage have occurred in some planning area basins, including the Upper San Pedro Basin due to the establishment of the SPRNCA, urbanization and economic factors, and in the Lower San Pedro Basin due to land conservation efforts. Some additional agricultural land reductions have occurred in both of these basins since 2003 that are not reflected in the cultural demand tables. Figure 3.0-11 Average percentage of total agricultural demand in groundwater basins in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area, 2001-2003 Lower San Pedro 2% Upper San Pedro 4% Other <1% Duncan 5% Douglas 10% Safford 42% Willcox 37% Source: USGS, 2005; ADWR, 2005f Agricultural demand is stable or expanding in those basins with historically large agricultural demand (Figure 3.0-12). Although expansion of irrigated agricultural land is not permitted within the Douglas Irrigation Non-Expansion area (INA), demand increased on existing farmland to an average of about 48,000 acre-feet a year during the period 2001-2003 compared to an average of about 35,000 acre-feet per year from 1991-2000. In the Safford and Duncan Valley Basins, agricultural water demand has remained relatively stable since 1991, although the proportion of surface water available for use appears to have declined due to drought, leading to increased well pumpage in both basins. In the Willcox Basin, agricultural demand has declined significantly from the early 1970s when over 300,000 acre-feet per year was used. However, demand is now increasing 35 Section 3.0 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 with current annual demand averaging about 50,000 acre-feet over the average annual use from 1991-2000. A brief description of agricultural areas follows, listed generally in descending order of water demand. Figure 3.0-12. Agricultural Demand in the Duncan Valley, Douglas, Safford and 250,000 200,000 150,000 Acre-feet Duncan Valley Douglas Safford Wllcox 100,000 50,000 0 1991-1995 1996-2000 2001-2003 Year Willcox Basins, 1991-2003 Source: USGS, 2005; ADWR, 2005f Safford and Duncan Valley Basins In the Safford Basin, agricultural irrigation occurs along the Gila River where cotton and wheat are the predominant crops and in the San Simon Valley in the southern part of the basin where predominant crops include cotton, chile, alfalfa, corn and nut orchards. The Gila Valley Irrigation District (GVID), incorporated in 1923, encompasses about 35,500 acres along the Gila River from the San Carlos Apache Reservation boundary to about 12 miles east of Safford. There are ten canal companies within the GVID that deliver water to farmers who also irrigate using privately owned wells. Surface water use in the Safford area is pursuant to the Gila River Decree (Globe Equity No. 59 Decree) and when surface water is limited it is allocated to downstream users and not available for irrigation in the area. During the period of 2001-2003, an average of 122,500 acre-feet of groundwater and 73,000 acre-feet of surface water were used annually in the Safford Basin. Section 3.0 DRAFT Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview 36 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Duncan Valley Basin agricultural irrigation is located southeast of the Town of Duncan in the Duncan Valley and northwest of Duncan in the York Valley area. Principal crops include alfalfa, cotton, corn and wheat and there is some commercial vegetable production. The Franklin Irrigation District, also known as the Duncan Valley Irrigation District, serves farmers in the Duncan Valley. The district boundaries extend into New Mexico and irrigation wells in Arizona and New Mexico are used to irrigate lands in both states (Upper Gila Watershed Partnership, 2004). The District was formed in 1922 and encompasses about 4,700 acres of Gila River bottom land. Surface water rights for use within this district are also specified in the Gila River Decree (ADWR, 1998). In the Duncan Valley Basin, an average of 11,500 acre-feet of groundwater and 14,500 acre feet of surface water were used annually during the period 2001-2003. Conditions of the GRIC Water Rights Settlement would affect agricultural water use in the Duncan Valley and Safford Basins. Several provisions of the Upper Valley Districts (UVD) Agreement affect upper valley irrigators in several basins (and including those in New Mexico) and could potentially impact flows in the Gila River (ADWR, 2006). Willcox Basin There is significant irrigation throughout the Sulphur Springs Valley in the Willcox Basin. North of the Town of Willcox are extensive orchards of apples and other fruits including U-pick orchards and vegetable farms. One of Arizona’s few hydroponic tomato nurseries, Eurofresh Farms, a large, year-round producer of greenhouse tomatoes, is located in the northern part of the basin (Arizona Department of Agriculture, 2006). South of the Town of Willcox, irrigation is principally for alfalfa and corn. As in the Douglas Basin, groundwater withdrawals for agricultural irrigation in the Willcox Basin have resulted in large declines in groundwater levels and the formation of several large cones of depression. These groundwater level declines may have caused land subsidence and surface fissures south of the Town of Willcox (USGS, 2006a). Approximately 52,000 acres are currently irrigated, with about 174,000 acre-feet of groundwater demand per year. Douglas Basin Most of the Douglas Basin was designated as an INA in 1980 and as a result, agricultural irrigation is restricted to lands that were irrigated during the five-year period preceding designation. A requirement within an INA is that groundwater withdrawals for irrigation on more than ten acres must be measured and annually reported to the Department. These reports indicate that from 1984 to 2000, annual groundwater withdrawals fluctuated between about 30,000 acre-feet per year to about 45,000 acre-feet per year. However, as mentioned previously, demand is increasing with almost 55,000 acre-feet withdrawn in 2003. Irrigated acreage is located primarily in the central and northern part of the basin in the Sulfur Springs Valley. Currently, approximately 16,000 acres are being irrigated. Principal crops are alfalfa and corn. Center-pivot irrigation is the predominant irrigation method in the basin. Groundwater withdrawals for agricultural irrigation have resulted in significant declines in groundwater levels and a large cone of depression has formed in the northern part of the basin (USGS, 2006a). Upper San Pedro Basin In the Upper San Pedro Basin, almost all the remaining agriculture is in the Benson area. In 2002, there were an estimated 2,200 acres in the Benson area and 800 acres in the Palominas area under 37 Section 3.0 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 irrigation with a demand of about 14,500 acre-feet of groundwater and 4,300 acre feet of surface water. Reportedly in 2006, approximately 500 acres of irrigation in the Palominas area were taken out of production. There are two irrigation providers in the Benson area that deliver surface water from the San Pedro River: the Saint David Irrigation District (SDID) and the Pomerene Water Users Association (PWUA). Approximately 39% of the currently irrigated lands in the Benson area are served by one of these two districts. When insufficient surface water is available, SDID delivers groundwater pumped from two district wells. The PWUA does not operate groundwater wells to supplement the surface water supply although members use the canal system to deliver their own pumped water to their fields. Principal crops in the basin are alfalfa and pasture. (ADWR, 2005a) Lower San Pedro Basin Agricultural demand in the Lower San Pedro Basin averaged about 11,000 acre-feet a year during the period 2000-2003. Irrigated acreage is located along the San Pedro River throughout the length of the basin but primarily in the northern and southern portions of the basin. It is estimated that approximately 1,300 acres were irrigated in 2003 (USGS, 2005). Groundwater is the primary water supply for irrigation. Surface water diversions from the San Pedro River account for less than 1,000 acre-feet per year of the total water supply. Historically, principal crops have been pasture and small grains (ADWR, 1991). Other Areas There is currently limited vineyard irrigation in the Cienega Creek Basin in the Elgin area with some vineyard expansion planned. It is estimated that there were about 170 acres of vineyards in 2003 irrigated with groundwater. Water demand is estimated to be relatively low since vineyards are typically drip irrigated. According to a CLIMAS report, several hundred acres of hay irrigation are occurring on the San Carlos Apache Reservation and the tribe has plans for expansion. Farming has been a culturally important activity and was economically important during the early years of the reservation (CLIMAS, 2004). According to a Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) study (1974), 1,900 acres were historically irrigated although flooding and inundation of lands by filling of the San Carlos Reservoir reduced the amount of irrigable acres. This study reported about 400-700 acres under irrigation, mostly alfalfa, hay and pasture, with a consumptive use of 3,500 acre-feet in the early 1970s. Most of the irrigable acreage was located along the San Carlos and Gila Rivers and was irrigated with surface water, supplemented with well water (Bookman-Edmonston Engineering, Inc., 1979). Industrial Demand Industrial water demand in the planning area includes mining, electrical power generation, dairies and feedlots, and golf course irrigation served by a facility water system. This demand is summarized in Table 3.0-9 for selected years. Section 3.0 DRAFT Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview 38 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.0-9 Industrial water demand in selected years in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Type/Basin/Source Mining Total Cienega Creek Groundwater Lower San Pedro Groundwater Morenci Surface Water Groundwater Safford Groundwater Upper San Pedro Groundwater Willcox Groundwater Power Plant Total Willcox Groundwater Golf Course Total Duncan Valley Groundwater Lower San Pedro Groundwater Morenci Groundwater Upper San Pedro Groundwater Dairy/Feedlot Total Duncan Valley Groundwater Upper San Pedro Groundwater Willcox Groundwater 1991 2000 2003 Water Use (acre-feet) 35,658 24,541 30,173 <300 <300 <300 18,000 4,800 18,500 1,782 14,500 1,004 18,000 1,085 10,000 700 450 300 226 134 143 300 6,600 153 6,000 145 6,100 6,600 1,808 6,000 1,908 6,100 2,258 211 211 211 422 422 422 75 75 75 1,100 251 1,200 264 1,550 848 92 92 92 42 42 42 117 130 714 Sources: USGS 2005; ADWR 2005c; ADEQ 2005b; ADWR, 2005e Mining is the largest industrial user in the planning area, primarily due to activities in the Lower San Pedro and Morenci Basins. Major mining activities are discussed below. The Morenci Mine in the Morenci Basin is North America’s largest producer of copper and one of the largest open pit mines in the world. The mine property covers about 60,000 acres and includes five pits, three of which are currently in operation, and SX/EW (solution extraction/electrowinning) facilities. Reportedly, almost all of the water used at Morenci is recycled, some of it many times (Info Mine, 2006). Most of the water utilized by the mine and by the Morenci Water & Elec39 Section 3.0 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 tric Company (a subsidiary of Phelps Dodge) is diverted from the Black River in the Salt River Basin and transported into the basin, or is from the Upper Eagle Creek Well Field. Water diverted from Gila River tributaries typically accounts for about 10% of the total (ADWR, 2005c). Phelps Dodge has a 50-year lease agreement with the San Carlos Apache Tribe pursuant to the San Carlos Apache Tribe Water Rights Settlement Act of 1992, as amended in 1997, to lease up to 14,000 acre-feet per year of its allocation of CAP water by means of an exchange at the Black River. Under the 1944 Horseshoe Exchange Agreement, Phelps Dodge also is entitled to diversions of up to 250,000 acre-feet from the Black River. As of 2003, Phelps Dodge had used almost 102,500 acrefeet of Horseshoe Reservoir credits (ADWR, 2005c). Water from recovery wells installed in the mine area for dewatering purposes is also used at the mine, as is effluent from the Morenci Water & Electric Company. In the Lower San Pedro Basin, the ASARCO Ray Complex includes a 250,000 ton/day open pit mine northwest of Kearney, a SX/EW operation and a smelter at Hayden. There are two large copper mines in the planning area that are currently out of production. The BHP Billiton Base Metals in-situ copper leaching operations at San Manuel in the Lower San Pedro Basin closed in early 2002 and underground mining at the site ceased in August 1999. In February 2002, Pima County approved BHP’s request to redesignate some of its property for uses other than mining. It is unknown to the Department at this time if any mining operations will resume in the future at this site. (ADWR, 2006) The Phelps Dodge Copper Queen mine in the Upper San Pedro and Douglas Basins currently consists of a small dump leaching and precipitation operation at the Lavender pit (Arizona Mining Association, 2006). Open pit mining started in 1917 and continued, with some interruptions, at the Sacramento pit and Lavender pit until 1974. All active mining stopped in 1984. Considerable dewatering of the mine workings was necessary with long-term groundwater production of about 4,000 acre-feet/year (Southwest Ground-water Consultants, Inc., 2004). Phelps Dodge is developing a large open pit mining operation in the Safford Basin eight miles north of the town of Safford. The 3,400 acre Dos Pobres and San Juan operation is expected to be completed in 2008 and will include two open pits, one heap leach pad, one process solution pond, one evaporation pond, a SX/EW process plant and other infrastructure and support facilities (ADEQ, 2006c) Average annual groundwater demand by the mine is projected to be about 5,500 acre-feet per year (ADWR, 2006). The only power plant in the planning area is the Arizona Electric Power Cooperative (AEPCO) Apache Station Generation Plant located in the Willcox Basin in Cochise, near Willcox. The plant is a gas-fired combined cycle plant built in 1963 that generates 520 megawatts of electric energy for its cooperative members, which are located throughout Arizona and California (AEPCO, 2006). Groundwater demand in 2003 was similar to that in 1991 but demand can vary annually, from a low of 4,100 acre-feet in 1996 to a high of 6,600 acre-feet in 1991. There are seven industrial golf courses in the planning area defined as those courses with their own facility water supply. They are shown in Table 3.0-10 with estimated demand and source of water. Section 3.0 DRAFT Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview 40 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Demand estimates account for the elevation of the facility and duration of the irrigation season. Table 3.0-10 Industrial golf course demand in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area (c. 2004) Facility Basin # of Holes Demand (acre-feet) Water Supply Alpine Country Club Morenci 18 75 Groundwater Greenlee Country Club Duncan 9 211 Groundwater Kearny Golf Course Lower San Pedro 9 211 Groundwater Pueblo del Sol Country Club (Sierra Vista) Upper San Pedro 18 475 Groundwater San Manuel Golf Club Lower San Pedro 9 211 Groundwater Upper San Pedro 18 475 Groundwater Upper San Pedro 18 500 Groundwater Turquoise Hills Country Club (Benson) Turquoise Valley Country Club (Naco) Source: ADWR 2005e There is also a golf course on the San Carlos Apache Reservation, the Apache Stronghold Golf Club, located near the Junction of Highway 77 and 170 in the Safford Basin. The water supply for this course is groundwater and effluent with an estimated use of 423 acre-feet, but it is not known if the service is from a municipal provider or from an industrial well. Only two dairies have been identified in the planning area. There is a small, approximately 350 animal dairy north of Benson in the Upper San Pedro Basin and a new, large dairy of about 5,000 animals near Kansas Settlement in the Willcox Basin. Demand is about 42 acre-feet and 588 acrefeet respectively. There are also two feedlots in the Willcox Basin with a combined total of about 4,000 animals and a demand of about 130 acre-feet in 2004. Development of dairies and feedlots typically results in increased agricultural irrigation for feed. The Apache Nitrogen Products facility is an ammonium nitrate manufacturing plant located south of Benson in the Upper San Pedro Basin. The facility has made efforts to reduce its water consumption, and in 2000 used 289 acre-feet of groundwater, a reduction of about 250 acre-feet since 1991. There are a number of sand and gravel facilities located throughout the planning area. Some of these are identified on the cultural demand maps for each basin. However, not all are identified in the source data used for the maps. Water is used for aggregate washing, dust control, vehicle washing and equipment cooling. Typically, there is relatively little water consumed at these sites since most facilities recycle wash water. The Department estimated that a typical sand and gravel facility in the Upper San Pedro Basin uses less than 50 acre-feet per year (ADWR, 2005a). 41 Section 3.0 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.0.8 Water Resource Issues in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Population growth and associated concerns about sustainable water supplies, water level declines, increased agricultural demand and environmental protection activities have resulted in groundwater studies, regional planning activities, establishment of conservation easements and other activities in the planning area. Water resource issues have been identified in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area by community watershed groups, through the distribution of surveys, and from other sources. Primary issues identified are the lack of sufficient data to make informed water management decisions, legal issues related to surface water availability and the legal nature of water supplies, endangered species act implications, and concerns about whether there will be sufficient water supplies to meet future demand. A number of water systems reported concerns about aging infrastructure and the lack of financial resources to make capital improvements. Watershed Groups Several watershed groups have formed in the planning area to address water resource issues. Groups currently active within the planning area are the Middle San Pedro Partnership, the Eagle Creek Partnership, the Upper Gila Watershed Partnership, the Lower San Pedro Watershed Partnership-Redington NRCD, and the Upper San Pedro Partnership. A complete description of participants, activities and issues is found in Appendix B. Primary issues identified by these groups are summarized as follows: Growth: • Excessive growth in some areas • Unregulated lot splits • Desire to maintain rural setting, including agriculture, at current levels in Gila Valley Water Supplies and Demand: • Limited groundwater data • Pumping impacts by Mexico on the San Pedro River and downstream users Legal: • Unresolved Indian water rights settlements • Unresolved surface water adjudication • Potential impact of adjudication court subflow definition • Interbasin transfer prohibition Water Quality: • Poor quality groundwater and surface water in some areas • Ability to meet new arsenic standard • Concern about Superfund site and poor quality groundwater conditions Environmental: • Endangered Species Act (ESA) issues, critical habitat designation and mitigation efforts • Impact of invasive species (Tamarisk) on surface water supply • Lawsuits from environmental groups • Potential impacts on riparian areas by continuation of current pumping Section 3.0 DRAFT Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview 42 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Funding: • Limited funding resources for planning, projects, infrastructure and studies • Extremely high cost of water augmentation projects Drought: • Drought impacts on surface water supplies, agriculture and cattle ranching Other: • Different perceptions of issues and goals in Benson community • Difficulty in getting principle players to the table to discuss water • Several high hazard unsafe dams in Gila Valley area • Regular flooding in the Duncan-Virden area • Opposition to government assistance to obtain groundwater information • Potential loss of Fort Huachuca due to water/ESA issues • Federal mandate to achieve sustainability by 2011 in the Sierra Vista subwatershed • Political obstacles to potential water augmentation projects Two of the partnerships in the planning area, the Upper Gila Watershed Partnership in the Safford Basin and the Upper San Pedro Partnership (USPP) in the Upper San Pedro Basin, have been organized for a number of years and have completed many projects. The Upper Gila Watershed Partnership initiated a Fluvial Geomorphology Study of the Upper Gila River that was funded through the Department’s Water Protection Fund Program (98-054WPF), Graham County and the Bureau of Reclamation. The study area was of the Gila River from the boundary of the San Carlos Apache Reservation to the New Mexico Border. Its purpose was to demonstrate ways to manage the river, taking into account the geomorphic processes that dominate the fluvial systems (BOR, 2004). It also produced a study on current and projected water demand for the watershed. Both studies are posted on the Department’s website. A number of water management practices have been implemented in the Sierra Vista subwatershed portion of the Upper San Pedro Basin and additional ones are planned. These include groundwater recharge, direct effluent use, water conservation ordinances and municipal conservation programs. The USPP annually adopts and updates a water management and conservation plan for the Sierra Vista portion of the Basin. In addition, beginning in 2004, the Partnership must annually prepare a report (referred to as the ‘321 Report’) on water use management and conservation measures that have been implemented and are needed to restore and maintain the sustainable yield of the regional aquifer by September 30, 2011 (Public Law 108-136). The USPP and its members have initiated many conservation programs in the Sierra Vista area including the Water Wise program, a toilet rebate program and water conservation ordinances. Fort Huachuca, a partnership member, has implemented aggressive conservation efforts at the Fort that have reduced on-post water consumption by almost 45% since 1993. Cochise County has created a Water Conservation Office and requires comprehensive water conservation measures that apply when permitted land uses are intensified through rezonings, special uses and master development plans. It is pursuing adoption of an overlay district allowing these measures to also apply to permitted uses (Cochise County, 2006). The USPP is also evaluating water augmentation options including evaluating the costs and feasibility of constructing a pipeline to transport Central Arizona Project Water to the area. 43 Section 3.0 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Because the Upper San Pedro groundwater basin extends into Mexico, the Partnership is interested in promoting research and cooperative efforts with Mexico. Conservation efforts in the Mexican portion of the basin have been underway, including establishment of the Ajos-Bavispe National Forest and Wildlife Refuge and a 10,000 acre private reserve in the watershed (Sierra Vista Herald, 2006). (See the Upper San Pedro Partnership website for more information at www.usppartnership. com.) In response to concerns of water planners, local citizens and environmental groups about the impacts of groundwater development, the Department, in collaboration with the USGS and funding from local partners, began conducting hydrogeologic investigations in 2005 to improve the understanding of water resources in two areas within the planning area: 1) the middle San Pedro Basin, which includes the Benson subwatershed and a portion of the Lower San Pedro Basin and 2) the Willcox and Douglas Basins. These investigations will assess the existing data collection networks and examine the current state of knowledge of the groundwater system, quantify the water budget for the area, including total water in storage, and establish a hydrologic monitoring network for on-going assessment of the aquifer. The San Pedro investigation is expected to take seven years and will result in a groundwater flow model. The Willcox/Douglas investigations are scheduled for three years and include establishment of a monitoring network for each basin, an inventory of agricultural groundwater pumpage in each basin, and a preliminary assessment of subsidence in the Willcox Basin (USGS, 2006a). Issue Surveys The Department conducted a rural water resources survey in 2003 to compile information for the public and help identify the needs of growing communities. This survey was also intended to gather information on drought impacts for incorporation into the Arizona Drought Preparedness Plan, adopted in 2004. Questionnaires were sent to almost 600 water providers, jurisdictions, counties and tribes. A report of the findings from the survey was completed in 2004 by the Department. There were 29 water provider and jurisdiction respondents in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area, and 14 numerically ranked issues. Respondents were asked to rank eighteen issues, which can be compressed into three categories: infrastructure, water supply and water quality. Infrastructure issues, which include storage and well capacity problems, were ranked among the top five issues by a majority of respondents. Water supply concerns also ranked relatively high, primarily due to concerns about adequate future supplies. In addition, about half of respondents noted at least one drought impact. Primary drought impacts noted were increased demand, increased peak demand and lowered groundwater levels. Section 3.0 DRAFT Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview 44 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.0-11 Water resource issues ranked by 2003 survey respondents in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area (12 water providers and 2 jurisdictions) Ranked as one of the top 5 issues (of 18) Percent of respondents 7 50 4 29 Infrastructure in need of replacement 5 36 Inadequate capital to pay for infrastructure improvements 6 43 Issue Inadequate well capacity to meet peak demand Inadequate water supplies to meet future demand Source: ADWR, 2004 The Department conducted another, more concise survey of water providers in 2004. This was done to supplement the information gathered in the previous year in support of developing the Arizona Water Atlas, and to reach a wider audience by directly contacting each water provider. Through this effort, 55 water providers in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area, with a total of approximately 46,900 service connections, were willing to participate and provide information on water supply, demand, infrastructure and to rank a list of seven issues. In regard to the question of groundwater level trends in their service area, the 47 respondents reported as follows: 29 stable; 13 falling, 4 don’t know, 1 variable. One water provider reported rising water levels. Responses are shown for those basins with respondents in Table 3.0-12. Table 3.0-12 Groundwater level trends reported by 2004 survey respondents by groundwater basin (47 respondents) Basin Aravaipa Canyon Cienega Creek Douglas Duncan Lower San Pedro Morenci Safford Upper San Pedro Willcox Stable 1 2 2 1 2 1 3 15 2 Falling Rising Unknown 1 2 2 2 6 Variable 1 1 1 1 1 Source: ADWR, 2005h Water providers were asked to rank issues from 0 to 4 with 0 = no concern, 1 = minor concern, 2 = moderate concern and 3 = major concern. Of the 55 water providers that responded to the survey, 44 ranked issues. These respondents include many of the largest water providers in the planning area including Bella Vista Water Company (Sierra Vista), City of Benson, City of Douglas, Gila Resources/Safford, Town of Kearny, Pueblo del Sol Water Company (Sierra Vista) and the City of Willcox. 45 Section 3.0 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Although responses to the 2003 questionnaire are not directly comparable to the 2004 survey due to differences in the form and wording of the surveys, responses to issues are similar as shown in Table 3.0-13. Responses indicate that inadequate capital for infrastructure improvements is an overwhelming concern in the planning area. Other infrastructure issues and drought also ranked high. Table 3.0-13 Water resource issues ranked by 2004 survey respondents in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area (44 water providers) Percent of respondents reporting issue was a moderate or major concern Moderate concern Major concern Total Inadequate storage capacity to meet peak demand 8 7 15 34 Inadequate well capacity to meet peak demand 6 5 11 25 Inadequate water supplies to meet current demand 5 4 9 20 Inadequate water supplies to meet future demand 5 9 14 32 Infrastructure in need of replacement 9 9 18 41 Inadequate capital to pay for infrastructure improvements 4 23 27 61 Drought related water supply problems 9 8 17 39 Issue Source: ADWR, 2005h Issue response from several basins was limited as shown in Table 3.0-14. However, drought, inadequate water supplies for future demand, infrastructure in need of repair and inadequate capital for infrastructure improvements, were listed as a major or moderate concern in almost all basins. Section 3.0 DRAFT Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview 46 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.0-14 Number of 2004 survey respondents, by groundwater basin, that ranked the survey water resource issues a moderate or major concern (44 water providers) Issue Inadequate storage capacity to meet peak demand Inadequate well capacity to meet peak demand Inadequate water supplies to meet current demand Inadequate water supplies to meet future demand ARA CCK 1 Infrastructure in need of replacement DOU DUN 2 1 LSP MOR SAF USP 1 3 8 WIL 2 1 3 4 1 1 1 2 4 1 1 1 1 1 3 5 1 3 1 1 1 2 8 2 4 2 1 4 14 1 Inadequate capital to pay for infrastructure improvements 1 Drought related water supply problems 1 1 2 2 1 1 4 4 1 Total number of respondents 1 1 4 3 1 2 6 24 2 Source: ADWR, 2005h ARA = Aravaipa Canyon Basin CCK = Cienega Creek Basin DOU = Douglas Valley Basin DUN = Duncan Basin LSP = Lower San Pedro Basin MOR = Morenci Basin SAF = Safford Basin USP = Upper San Pedro Basin WIL = Willcox Basin 3.0.9 Groundwater Basin Water Resource Characteristics Sections 3.1 through 3.14 that follow present data and maps on water resource characteristics of the fourteen groundwater basins in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area. A description of the data sources and methods used to derive this information is found in Section 1.3 of Volume 1 of the Atlas. This section briefly describes general information that applies to all of the basins and the purpose of the information. This information is organized in the order in which the characteristics are discussed in Sections 3.1 through 3.14. Geographic Features Geographic feature maps are included to provide general orientation and show principal land features, roads, counties and cities, towns and places in the groundwater basin. 47 Section 3.0 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Land Ownership The distribution and type of land ownership in a basin has implications for land and water use. Large amounts of private land typically translate into opportunities for land development and associated water demand, whereas public lands are typically maintained for a specific purpose or multi-use with little associated water use. State owned land may be sold or traded, and is often leased for grazing and farming. State legislation set aside specific sections in each township to be held in trust by the state for educational purposes, and other specified purposes, which are identified for each basin (Arizona State Land Department, 2006). Climate Climate data including temperature, rainfall and snowfall, and evaporation rates are critical factors in the hydrologic cycle and in water resource planning and management. Annual averages and variability, seasonality, and long-term trends are presented for each basin, as available, and may be useful in evaluating cultural water demands and supplies. Surface Water Conditions Depending on physical and legal availability, surface water may be an important water supply in some basins. Streamflow, flood gage, reservoir, stockpond and runoff contour data are presented for each basin, as available, and provide information on the physical availability of this supply. Seasonal and annual streamflows are an indication of the potential volume of surface water available for use. Stream gage stations are included in the basin tables if there is at least one year of record and annual streamflow statistics are included only if there are at least three years of record. Flood gage information is presented to direct the reader to areas where flooding has been or may be a problem. Large reservoir storage information includes data on the amount of surface water stored in large reservoirs, its uses and ownership. The number and capacity of small reservoirs is also provided as well as the number of stockponds in each basin. The number of stockponds is a general indicator of small-scale surface water capture and livestock demand. Runoff contours reflect the average annual runoff that can be expected in tributary streams over a particular area. Perennial and Intermittent Streams and Major Springs A map showing the approximate location of perennial and intermittent streams is provided for each basin. For some basins, more than one source of information was used. Due to recent drought, stream designations may or may not reflect current flow conditions. Also shown on the map and listed in tables is information on the springs in each basin. Some of the springs and perennial and intermittent stream reaches provide a water supply for municipal, industrial and agricultural purposes. Springs provide important habitat for wildlife, plants and invertebrates and therefore are of interest to the environmental community. Groundwater Conditions Groundwater is an important water supply for much of Arizona. Several indicators of groundwater conditions are presented for each basin. • Major aquifer type(s) can be a general indicator of aquifer storage and productivity. Basin fill and alluvial aquifers generally have greater water in storage and produce more water to wells than consolidated rock (bedrock) aquifers . Section 3.0 DRAFT Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview 48 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 • • • • • Well yields are a general indication of aquifer productivity. Information for large diameter wells is provided since it is assumed that their reported pump capacities are indicative of the aquifer’s potential to yield water to a well. However, many factors can affect well yields including well design, pump size and condition and the age of the well. Natural aquifer recharge is a component of a basin’s water budget that is difficult to quantify and is often estimated based on regional studies. This parameter is important in evaluating the safe and sustainable yields of an aquifer system. Aquifer storage is an estimate of the amount of water stored in an aquifer that may be available for future development and use. Groundwater level data show the depth to water in measured wells and changes in groundwater levels over time (hydrographs). Depth to water measurements are shown on mapped wells if there was a measurement taken during 2003-2004. Depths to water are an indication of how deep wells must be drilled in an area and potential costs to install and operate pumps. Hydrographs show the variability in groundwater depths at selected well sites and provide an indication of trends over time. Groundwater flow directions reflect the regional and long-term direction(s) of aquifer flow in a basin that may reflect important areas of aquifer recharge and discharge. Local and temporary flow conditions, as may be caused by pumping, are generally not shown, however flow directions in some basins indicate how localized pumping has altered regional flow patterns. Water Quality Surface and groundwater quality data were compiled from a variety of sources as described in Volume 1 Section 1.3. The data presented for each basin are an indication of areas where water quality exceedences have occurred and may affect current and future supplies. Additional areas of concern may exist where water quality samples have not been collected or sample results were not reviewed by the Department (e.g. samples collected in conjunction with ADEQ Aquifer Protection Permit Programs). It is important to note also that the exceedences shown may or may not reflect current surface and groundwater quality conditions or the quality of water currently used in the basin. Cultural Water Demand Cultural water demand can be an important component of a basin’s water budget and may include well pumpage and/or surface water diversions for municipal, industrial and agricultural (irrigation) uses. Listed in a table for each basin are average annual water demands for the period 1971 through 2003 and the number of new water supply wells drilled over this period. Also listed in the tables are population estimates and projections for the basin. Without mandatory metering and reporting of water uses, accurate demand data were not available for all basins or for all years, and uses were often estimated. Annual water demand estimates were averaged over a 3- or 5- year time period to provide an indication of trends but avoid a focus on potentially inaccurate years when data were incomplete. The location of major cultural water uses are shown on a map of each basin based on a 2004 land cover study by the USGS that was supplemented, as needed and known, by the Department. 49 Section 3.0 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Effluent generation data were compiled from several sources and presented for each basin. Effluent is potentially an important renewable resource for some areas, although its reuse may be difficult to achieve both logistically and economically, e.g. where a potential user is far from the wastewater treatment plant. Water Adequacy Determinations Developers of subdivisions outside AMAs are required to obtain a determination from the Department of whether there is sufficient water of adequate quality for 100 years. If the supply is determined to be inadequate, lots may still be sold, but the condition of the water supply must be disclosed in promotional materials and in sales documents. In addition to these subdivision determinations, water providers may apply for adequacy designations for their entire service area. In the planning area the service areas of the Empirita Water Company and the Cities of Benson, Douglas, Willcox, and Safford have been designated as having an adequate water supply. If a subdivision is to be served water from one of these water providers, then a separate adequacy determination is not required. Water adequacy and inadequacy determinations are tabulated and shown on maps for subdivisions not served by a designated water provider. Data are presented for each basin and include the name and location of the subdivisions, the number of proposed building lots, the date and result of the Department’s determination, the reason(s) for inadequate determinations, and the water provider if listed at the time of the adequacy application. Among the reasons cited by the Department for inadequate determinations is a physical or legal lack of water, water quality concerns, and/or insufficient data for the Department to make its determination. Section 3.0 DRAFT Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview 50 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 REFERENCES Anderson, T.W., Freethey, G.W. and Tucci, P, 1992, Geohydrology and Water Resources of Alluvial Basins in South-Central Arizona and Parts of Adjacent States-Regional AquiferSystem Analysis: USGS Professional Paper 1406.B. Arizona Department of Agriculture, 2006, Agriculture in Cochise County: Accessed September 2006 at: www.azda.gov Arizona Department of Economic Security, 2005, Workforce Informer: Accessed August 2005 at www.workforce.az.gov Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, 2006a, Active DOD, Superfund, WQARF, and LUST contamination sites in Arizona: GIS cover, received February 2006. _____, 2006b, Brownfield Tracking System: Accessed June 2006 at www.azdeq.gov/ databases/ brownsearch.html. _____, 2006c, Aquifer Protection Program: Accessed October 2006 at www.azdeq.gov _____, 2005a, Database of surface water sources used by water providers: ADEQ data file received June, 2005. _____, 2005b, Active dairy farms & feedlots: Data file, received October 2005. Arizona Department of Mines and Mineral Resources, 2005, Database of active mines in Arizona: Available at www.admmr.state.az.us Arizona Department of Water Resources, 2006, Technical Assessment of the Gila River Indian Community Water Rights Settlement In re The General Adjudication of the Gila River System and Source. _____, 2005a, Upper San Pedro Basin Active Management Area Review Report. _____, 2005b, Database of instream flow applications: ADWR Office of Water Management. _____, 2005c, Supplemental Contested Case Hydrographic Survey Report in Re Phelps Dodge Corporation (Show Low Lake) Volume I. _____, 2005d, Data from 2004 rural water provider questionnaire: ADWR Office of Resource Assessment Planning. _____, 2005e, Water use by golf courses in rural Arizona: Unpublished analysis by ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. 51 Section 3.0 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 _____, 2005f, Agricultural surface water use estimates: Unpublished analysis by ADWR Office of Resource Assessment Planning. _____, 2005g, Water Protection Fund database: ADWR Office of Drought, Conservation and Riparian Planning. _____, 2005h, 2004 Rural Water Provider Survey Database: ADWR Office of Resource Assessment Planning. _____, 2004, Rural Water Resources Study-Rural Water Resources 2003 Questionnaire Report. _____, 1998 Water Service Organizations in Arizona. _____, 1994b, Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Vol. I. Inventory and Analysis. _____, 1994a, Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Vol. II Hydrologic Summary. _____, 1991, Hydrographic Survey Report for the San Pedro River Watershed, Volume 1: General Assessement In Re The General Adjudication of the Gila River System and Source. Arizona Electric Power Cooperative, 2006, About Us: Accessed September 2006 at www.aepco.coop Arizona Mining Association, 2006, Phelps Dodge Corporation Mines: Accessed September 2006 at www.azcu.org. Arizona State Land Department, 2006, Historical overview-Land Grand and Designation of Beneficiaries: Accessed February 2006 at http://www.land.state.az.us/history.htm. Bookman-Edmonston Engineering, Inc. 1979, Evaluation of Potential Water Requirements San Carlos Indian Reservation. Bureau of Indian Affairs, 1974, Multiple Objective Water Resources Study and Inventory Program Fort Apache, San Carlos, and Camp Verde-Yavapai Indian Reservations, Arizona. Phase 1 Report on Water Supply and Demand Interdisciplinary Framework Study. Bureau of Land Management, 2006a, San Pedro Riparian National Conservation Area: Accessed October 2006 at: http://www.blm.gov/az/nca/spnca/spnca-info.htm _____, 2006b, Gila Box Riparian National Conservation Area: Accessed October 2006 at: http:// www.blm.gov/az/nca/gila_box/gila.htm Section 3.0 DRAFT Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview 52 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 _____, 2006c, Las Cienegas National Conservation Area: Accessed October 2006 at: http://www.blm.gov/az/nca/lascienegas/lascieneg.htm Bureau of Reclamation, 2006, Reports, Studies and Environmental Impact Statements and Assessments: Accessed October 2006 at: http://www.usbr.gov/lc/phoenix/ _____, 2004, Upper Gila River Fluvial Geomorphology Study.: Available at www.azwater.gov. Climate Assessment for the Southwest (CLIMAS), 2004, CLIMAS assesses climate vulnerability of tribe, farmers in Upper Gila River Valley in CLIMAS Update, Volume 7, Numbers 2-3, October 2004. Cochise County, 2006, Comprehensive plan and area and neighborhood plans: Accessed October, 2006 at www.co.cochise.az.us/P&Z. Eastern Arizona Courier, 2005, Subdivisions could cause boom in Gila Valley. Newspaper article by Lindsey Stockton dated October 13, 2005. Environmental Law Institute, 2002, An Analysis of State Superfund Programs: 50 State Study, 2001 Update. Eurofresh Farms, 2006, About Us: Accessed September 2006 at www.eurofresh.com Info Mine, 2006, Keyword search Morenci Mine, Accessed October 2006 at www.infomine.com Phelps Dodge Corp., 2006, About Us: Accessed October 2006 at www.phelpsdodge.com Pima County, 2006, Ranch Conservation: Accessed October 2006 at www.pima.gov/sdcp Pool, D.R. and Coes, A.L., 1999, Hydrogeologic investigations of the Sierra Vista subwatershed of the upper San Pedro Basin, Cochise County, southeast Arizona, USGS WaterResources Investigations Report No. 99-4197 San Carlos Apache Nation, 2006, Economic activities: Accessed October, 2006 at www. sancarlosapache.com. Sierra Vista Herald, 2006, Down Mexico way: Efforts to preserve river in Sonora flowing along. Newspaper article by Jonathan Clark dated August 8, 2006. Southwest Ground-water Consultants, 2004, Water Supply Potential Phelps Dodge Copper Queen Mine for Ryley, Carlock & Applewhite. Tadayon, S., 2004, Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectric-power, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of the active management areas, 1991-2000: USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5293, 27 pp. 53 Section 3.0 Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Tellman, B., Yarde, R., and Wallace, M., 1997, Arizona’s changing rivers: How people have affected rivers: Water Resources Research Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona The Nature Conservancy, 2006a, Preserves in the San Pedro Region: Accessed September 2006 at: www.nature.org _____, 2006b, Conservation Easements in Arizona: Accessed September 2006 at www.nature. org/aboutus/howwework. Upper Gila Watershed Partnership, 2004, Current and Projected Water Demands on the Upper Gila Watershed Through Year 2050: Available at www.azwater.gov. US Fish and Wildlife Service, 2006a, Endangered Species List by County: Accessed July 2006 at www.fws.gov/arizonaes/documents/countylists and www.fws.gov/ifw2es/ endangered species/lists/default.cfm. _____, 2006b, San Bernardino and Leslie Canyon National Wildlife Refuges: Accessed August 2006 at: http://www.fws.gov/southwest/refuges/arizona/ sanbernardino.html US Geological Survey, 2006a, Investigation of the Hydrologic Monitoring Network of the Willcox and Douglas Basins of Southeastern Arizona: A Project of the Rural Watershed Initiative, USGS Fact Sheet No. 2006-2055. _____, 2006b, Database of springs and spring discharges: Received November 2004 and January 2006 from USGS office in Tucson, AZ. _____, 2005, Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectric-power, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of the active management areas, 2000-2005: Data file, received December 2005. US Census Bureau, 2006, on-line data files: Accessed January 2006 at www.census.gov Warshall, P., 2006, Southwestern Sky Island Ecosystems: Accessed August 2006 at http://biology.usgs.gov/s+t/frame/r119.htm Water Infrastructure Finance Authority of Arizona, 2005, Water and Wastewater Residential Rate Survey for the State of Arizona: Available at http://www. azwifa.gov/ Western Regional Climate Center, 2005, Precipitation and temperature station data: Accessed December 2005 at: http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/summary/climsmaz.html Section 3.0 DRAFT Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Overview 54 Section 3.1 Aravaipa Canyon Basin 55 c Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.1.1 Geography of the Aravaipa Canyon Basin The Aravaipa Canyon Basin is a relatively small, 517 square mile basin in the center of the planning area. Geographic features and principal communities are shown on Figure 3.1-1. The sparsely populated basin is characterized by medium-elevation mountain ranges, canyons, valleys and grasslands. 56 • Principal geographic features shown on Figure 3.1-1 are: o Principal basin communities of Klondyke and Aravaipa o Aravaipa Creek, which runs north-south through Klondyke and turns west north of Klondyke where it enters Aravaipa Canyon o Galiuro Mountains southwest of Klondyke, which contain the highest point in the basin at 7,540 feet o Black Hills south of Klondyke o Aravaipa Valley south of Klondyke • Not well shown on Figure 3.1-1 are the Santa Teresa Mountains west of Aravaipa and Klondyke on the western boundary of the basin. Section 3.1 Aravaipa Canyon Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R20E R18E Aravaipa ! T 6S ! Klondyke R22E T 8S GRAHAM COUNTY T10S 0 3 ¨ c O ARIZONA DE PARTME NT OF WATER RE SOURCES Base Map: USGS 1:500,000, 1981 Section 3.1 Aravaipa Canyon Basin DRAFT 6 Miles COUNTY City, Town or Place ! Figure 3.1-1 Aravaipa Canyon Basin Geographic Features 57 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.1.2 Land Ownership in the Aravaipa Canyon Basin Land ownership, including the percentage of ownership by category, for the Aravaipa Canyon Basin is shown in Figure 3.1-2. Principal features of land ownership in this basin are the large amount of federal land holdings and a relative abundance of state trust lands. A description of land ownership data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.8. Land ownership categories are discussed below in the order of percentage from largest to smallest in the basin. State Trust Land • 38.3% of the land in this basin is held in trust for the public schools and 10 other beneficiaries under the State Trust Land system. • Most state trust land is in two bands flanking the Klondyke and Klondyke-Bonita Roads and extending to national forest boundaries. • Primary land use is for livestock grazing. National Forest and Wilderness • 25.6% of the land is federally owned and managed as national forest and wilderness. • All forest lands in the basin, although they are not contiguous, are in the Safford Ranger District of the Coronado National Forest. • The western most national forest land contains a portion of the Galiuro Wilderness Area. • Land uses include grazing, recreation and timber production. U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) • 20.6% of the land is federally owned and managed by the Safford Field Office of the Bureau of Land Management. • All BLM lands are in a block in the northwestern portion of the basin. • Just over a quarter of the BLM land in the basin, 18,970 acres, is managed as the Aravaipa Canyon Wilderness located in T6S and T7S, R18E. • Land uses include recreation and grazing. Private • 14.2% of the land is private. • Private land is interspersed throughout state trust, national forest and BLM lands. • Most of the private land is along the major roads. • There are a number of private land in-holdings in the BLM land and one in the national forest land on the northeastern boundary of the basin. • Primary land uses are domestic, ranching and farming. Indian Reservations • 1.3% of the land is under ownership of the San Carlos Apache Tribe. • Tribal lands are located in a small strip along the northern boundary of the basin. • Primary land uses are grazing. 58 Section 3.1 Aravaipa Canyon Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 SAN CARLOS INDIAN RESERVATION R20E R18E Aravaipa PINAL COUNTY T 6S CORONADO NATIONAL FOREST 85 1 Klondyke C KL ON YK D E R O AD R22E CORONADO CORONADO NATIONAL FOREST T 8S NATIONAL KL ON FOREST KE DY BO NI GRAHAM COUNTY TA R O AD T10S Land Ownership (Percentage in Basin) 0 3 6 Miles State Trust (38.3%) National Forest & Wilderness (25.6%) U.S. Bureau of Land Management (20.6%) Private (14.2%) Indian Reservations (1.3%) c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Source: ALRIS , 2004 Section 3.1 Aravaipa Canyon Basin DRAFT Figure 3.1-2 Aravaipa Canyon Basin Land Ownership COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place 59 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.1.3 Climate of the Aravaipa Canyon Basin The Aravaipa Canyon Basin does not contain any NOAA/NWS Coop Network, Evaporation Pan, AZMET or SNOTEL/Snowcourse stations. The precipitation figures shown in Figure 3.1-3 are from the Spatial Climatic Analysis Service at Oregon State University. A description of this and other climate data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.3. Average Annual Precipitation • Average annual precipitation is as high as 26 inches in the Galiuro Mountains in the southwestern portion of the basin. • Average annual precipitation is as low as 16 inches in the Aravaipa Canyon area in the northwestern portion of the basin. • In general, precipitation increases as the elevation increases in this basin. • The range of 14 inches between areas of highest and lowest precipitation recorded is common for the planning area. 60 Section 3.1 Aravaipa Canyon Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.1-1. Climate Data for the Aravaipa Canyon Basin A.NOAA/NWS Co-op Network: Elevation (in feet) Station Name Average Temperature Range (in F) Period of Record Used for Averages Max/Month Min/Month Average Total Precipitation (in inches) Winter Spring Summer Fall Annual None Source: WRCC, 2003. B. Evaporation Pan: Elevation (in feet) Station Name Period of Record Avg. Annual Evap Used for (in inches) Averages None Source: WRCC, 2003. C. AZMET: Station Name Elevation (in feet) Period of Record Average Annual Reference Evaportranspiration, in inches Used for (number of years to calculate averages ) Averages None Source: Arzona Meteorologcal Network, 2005 D. SNOTEL/Snowcourse: Station Name Elevation (in feet) Period of Record Used for Averages Average Snowpack, at Beginning of the Month, as Inches Snow Water Content (Number of measurements to calculate average) Jan. Feb. March April May June None Source: Natural Resources Conservaton Servce, 2005 Section 3.1 DRAFT Aravaipa Canyon Basin 61 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R20E R18E Aravaipa 18 20 18 16 T 6S 16 PINAL COUNTY 22 20 85 1 Klondyke C KL ON KE DY AD RO 20 22 R22E 20 T 8S GRAHAM COUNTY KE DY 26 ON 24 KL BO 18 NI TA 24 AD 24 26 R O 20 T10S Average Annual Precipitation (1961-1990) inches per year 14-16 16-18 18-20 0 3 6 Miles 20-22 22-24 24-26 26-28 c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Precipitation Data Source: Oregon State University, 1998 62 Figure 3.1-3 Aravaipa Canyon Basin Meteorological Stations and Annual Precipitation Precipitation Contour 12 COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.1 Aravaipa Canyon Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.1.4 Surface Water Conditions in the Aravaipa Canyon Basin There are no streamflow data or flood ALERT equipment in this basin. Reservoir and stockpond data, including maximum storage or maximum surface area, are shown in Table 3.1-4. The USGS annual runoff contours as well as stream channels are shown on Figure 3.1-4. A description of stream data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.16. A description of reservoir data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.11. A description of stockpond data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.15. Reservoirs and Stockponds • Refer to Table 3.1-4. • Surface water is stored or could be stored in four small reservoirs in the basin. • Total maximum storage for two of the small reservoirs is 117 acre-feet. Total surface area for the other two small reservoirs is 38 acres. • There are an estimated 349 stockponds in this basin. Runoff Contour • Refer to Figure 3.1-4. • Average annual runoff varies from 0.5 inches per year along Aravaipa Creek to one inch per year in the southwestern portion of the basin. Section 3.1 DRAFT Aravaipa Canyon Basin 63 64 Station Number USGS Station Name Contributing Drainage Mean Basin Area (in sq. Elevation (in feet) miles) Period of Record Winter None Spring Summer Fall Average Seasonal Flow (% of annual flow) Years of Annual Flow Maximum Record Minimum Median Section 3.1 Mean Aravaipa Canyon Basin DRAFT Annual Flow/Year (in acre-feet) Table 3.1-2 Streamflow Data for the Aravaipa Canyon Basin Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.1-3 Flood ALERT Equipment in the Aravaipa Canyon Basin Station Name Station ID Station Type Install Date Responsibility None Section 3.1 DRAFT Aravaipa Canyon Basin 65 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.1-4 Reservoirs and Stockponds in the Aravaipa Canyon Basin A. Large Reservoirs (500 acre-feet capacity and greater) MAP KEY RESERVOIR/LAKE NAME (Name of dam, if different) OWNER/OPERATOR MAXIMUM STORAGE (AF) USE JURISDICTION USE JURISDICTION None dentfed by ADWR at ths tme B. Other Large Reservoirs (50 acre surface area or greater)1 MAP KEY RESERVOIR/LAKE NAME (Name of dam, if different) MAXIMUM OWNER/OPERATOR SURFACE AREA (acres) None dentfed by ADWR at ths tme C. Small Reservoirs (greater than 15 acre-feet and less than 500 acre-feet capacity) Total number: 2 Total maximum storage: 117 acre-feet D. Other Small Reservoirs (between 5 and 50 acres surface area)1 Total number: 2 Total surface area: 38 acres E. Stockponds (up to 15 acre-feet capacity) Total number: 349 (from water right filings) Notes: Capacty data not avalable to ADWR 1 66 Section 3.1 Aravaipa Canyon Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R20E R18E Aravaipa A r avaip T 6S aC re k e PINAL COUNTY Klondyke C 85 1 KL ON DY K ER OA D R22E KL O ND T 8S E YK NITA BO 0.5 GRAHAM COUNTY RO AD 1 T10S 0 3 6 Miles USGS Annual Runoff Contour for 1951-1980 (in inches) 2 Stream Channel (width of line reflects stream order) c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Stream Data Source: ALRIS, 2005 Section 3.1 Aravaipa Canyon Basin DRAFT Figure 3.1-4 Aravaipa Canyon Basin Surface Water Conditions COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place 67 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.1.5 Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major Springs in the Aravaipa Canyon Basin Major and minor springs with discharge rates and date of measurement, and the total number of springs in the basin are shown in Table 3.1-5. The locations of major springs as well as perennial and intermittent streams are shown on Figure 3.1-5. A description of data sources and methods for intermittent and perennial reaches is found in Volume 1, 1.3.16. A description of spring data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.14. • • • • • • • • 68 There are four perennial streams including, Aravaipa Canyon, Parsons Creek, Turkey Creek and Virgus Canyon. All perennial streams are located in the northeastern portion of the basin. A number of intermittent streams are located in the Galiuro Mountains along the southern boundary and on the eastern boundary. There are six major springs with a measured discharge of 10 gallons per minute (gpm) or greater at any time. Listed discharge rates may not be indicative of current conditions. Some of the measurements were taken prior to 1990. For example, the most recent measurements for two major springs, Jackson and Saltuna, were less than 10 gpm. Three major and 10 minor spring measurements post-date 1990. All but one major spring is located in the vicinity of Aravaipa Canyon. The greatest discharge rate was measured at Hanging Spring, 100 gpm. All but one of the major springs discharges 30 gpm or less. Springs with measured discharge of 1 to 10 gpm are not mapped but coordinates are given in Table 3.1-5. There are 15 minor springs identified in this basin. The total number of springs identified by the USGS varies from 87 to 116, depending on the database reference. Section 3.1 Aravaipa Canyon Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.1-5 Springs in the Aravaipa Canyon Basin A. Major Springs (10 gpm or greater): Hangng Lattude 325507 Dscharge 1 Longtude (n gpm) 1102620 100 Goat 325250 1102743 30 11/2002 1102618 3 11/1999 3 Map Key Name 1 2 Locaton 3 Jackson 4 2 325121 30 Date Dscharge Measured 04/1987 Saltuna 325439 1102715 15 04/1987 5 Warm 325901 1102224 15 11/1/2002 6 McRae 325230 1102704 10 11/1/1999 B. Minor Springs (1 to 10 gpm): Locaton Lattude Dscharge 1 Longtude (n gpm) 325052 1102624 6 02/2004 325512 1102648 6 04/1987 325524 1102918 5 07/1986 Red Basalt 324859 1102734 4 06/1986 2,4 Janette 325540 1102627 4 04/1991 2,4 325833 1102511 3 11/2002 324839 1102714 3 03/2000 Name 2,4 Brand 2,4 Natural Boundary 2,4 East Booger 2,4 #2 Wat a Mnute Bush 325053 1102624 3 02/2004 2,4 325940 1102047 2 04/1996 2,4 324736 1102730 2 11/1951 330009 1102100 2 04/1996 325856 1102524 5 1 12/1979 324805 1102657 1 04/2001 324926 1102832 1 01/2001 325253 1102610 1 06/2001 Oak Grove Wllow 2,4 Walnut Camme 2,4 2,4 Upper Boulder Jed 2,4 Date Dscharge Measured 2,4 Parsons Grove Turkey Creek 2,4 2,4 C. Total number of springs, regardless of discharge, identified by USGS (see ALRIS, 2005 and NHD, 2006): 87 to 116 Notes: Most recent measurement dentfed by ADWR 2 Sprng not dsplayed on current USGS topo map 3 Most recent measurement < 10 gpm 4 Locaton approxmated by ADWR 5 Most recent measurement < 1 gpm 1 Section 3.1 DRAFT Aravaipa Canyon Basin 69 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R20E 5 R18E Aravaipa 1 Cr ee k 4 3 Klondyke KL ON KE DY C 85 1 Parsons Cre ek Ca nyon 6 ek Cre Virgu s 2 Tur key Ar av aip a T 6S AD O R R22E T 8S KL O GRAHAM COUNTY ND E YK ive r d dy sR Pa ne OA D R rd TA Ga NI re ek BO Rattle s nake Cany rC on T10S 0 3 6 Miles Springs 1 Intermittent Streams Oc ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Stream Data Source: AGFD, 1993 & 1997 ; Brown and Carmony,1981 70 Figure 3.1-5 Aravaipa Canyon Basin Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major (>10 gpm) Springs Perennial Streams COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.1 Aravaipa Canyon Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.1.6 Groundwater Conditions of the Aravaipa Canyon Basin Major aquifers, well yields, estimated natural recharge, estimated water in storage, number of index wells and date of last water-level sweep are shown in Table 3.1-6. Figure 3.1-6 shows aquifer flow direction and water-level change between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004. Figure 3.1-7 contains hydrographs for selected wells shown on Figure 3.1-6. Figure 3.1-8 shows well yields in four yield categories. A description of aquifer data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.2. A description of well data sources and methods, including water-level changes and well yields is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.19. Major Aquifers • Refer to Table 3.1-6 and Figure 3.1-6. • Major aquifers in the basin include recent stream alluvium and basin fill. • The recent stream alluvium is the primary source of water in the basin. • Flow direction is generally from southeast to northwest. Well Yields • Refer to Table 3.1-6 and Figure 3.1-8. • As shown on Figure 3.1-8 well yields in this basin range from less than 100 gallons per minute (gpm) to 2,000 gpm. • One source of well yield information, based on 36 reported wells, indicates that the median well yield in this basin is 350 gpm. • The highest reported well yields in the basin are located in unconsolidated sediments in the vicinity of the Klondyke and Klondyke-Bonita Roads. Natural Recharge • Refer to Table 3.1-6. • Principal sources of recharge are mountain-front recharge, streambed infiltration of runoff and direct infiltration of rainfall. • Natural recharge estimates range from 7,000 acre-feet per year to 16,700 acre-feet per year. The most recent estimate is from a 1994 ADWR study. Water in Storage • Refer to Table 3.1-6. • Storage estimates for this basin range from five million to 5.1 million acre-feet to a depth of 1,200 feet. • The predevelopment storage estimate is five million acre-feet. Water Level • Refer to Figure 3.1-6. Water levels are shown for wells measured in 2003-2004. • The Department annually measures three index wells in this basin. • In 1996, the year of the last water level sweep, 60 wells were measured. Section 3.1 DRAFT Aravaipa Canyon Basin 71 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 • • 72 There are two wells with water depth reported in 2003-2004. The wells are along the Klondyke and Klondyke-Bonita Roads and measure 39 feet and 64 feet to water. Hydrographs corresponding to selected wells shown on Figure 3.1-6 but covering a longer time period are shown in Figure 3.1-7. Section 3.1 Aravaipa Canyon Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.1-6 Groundwater Data for the Aravaipa Canyon Basin Basin Area, in square miles: 517 Name and/or Geologic Units Recent Stream Alluvum Major Aquifer(s): Basn Fll Well Yields, in gal/min: NA Measured by ADWR and/or USGS Range 2-1,500 Medan 350 (36 wells reported) Reported on regstraton forms for large (> 10-nch) dameter wells 1500 ADWR (1994) Range 0 - 2,500 Annng and Duet, USGS (1994) 7,000 - 16,700 ADWR (1994) 7,000 Freethey and Anderson (1986) 5,000,000 - 5,100,000 (to 1,200 ft) ADWR (1990 and 1994) 5,000,0001 (to 1,200 ft) Freethey and Anderson (1986) NA Arzona Water Commsson (1975) Estimated Natural Recharge, in acre-feet/year: Estimated Water Currently in Storage, in acre-feet: Current Number of Index Wells: 3 Date of Last Water-level Sweep: 1996 (60 wells measured) Notes: NA = Not Avalable 1 Predevelopment Estmate Section 3.1 DRAFT Aravaipa Canyon Basin 73 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R20E R18E Aravaipa T 6S C8 51 Klondyke 64 AK LO N D E YK R O AD R22E B 39 T 8S GRAHAM COUNTY KL ON DY KE BO NI TA R OA D C T10S Water-level change in feet between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004 H 375 0 3 6 Miles number is depth to water in feet letter is hydrograph Between -15 and -1 Change Data Not Available Generalized Flow Direction Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments c O ARIZO NA DEP ARTMENT OF WATE R RES OURCES 74 c Figure 3.1-6 Aravaipa Canyon Basin Groundwater Conditions COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.1 Aravaipa Canyon Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Figure ARAVAIPA BASIN HYDROGRAPHS SHOWING DEPTH Figure 3.1-7 TO WATER IN SELECTEDAravaipa WELLSCanyon Basin Hydrographs Showing Depth to Water in Selected Wells A 0 recent stream alluvium D-07-20 21BDB WELL DEPTH: 150 ft USE: IRRIGATION Depth To Water In Feet Below Land Surface 50 50 100 1975 0 B 1995 1985 2005 recent stream alluvium D-08-21 18DAA WELL DEPTH: 140 ft USE: IRRIGATION 50 50 1975 7 5 75 C 1995 1985 2005 recent stream alluvium D-09-22 19DCC WELL DEPTH: 278 ft USE: STOCK 125 1975 1995 1985 2005 YEAR Section 3.1 DRAFT Aravaipa Canyon Basin 75 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R20E R18E Aravaipa T 6S 85 1 Klondyke C KL ON D YK E R O A D R22E T 8S GRAHAM COUNTY KL ON DY KE BO NI TA R O AD T10S Well Yields Between 1000 and 2000 gals/min 0 3 6 Miles Between 500 and 1000 gals/min Between 100 and 500 gals/min Less than 100 gals/min Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES 76 Figure 3.1-8 Aravaipa Canyon Basin Well Yields COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.1 Aravaipa Canyon Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.1.7 Water Quality of the Aravaipa Canyon Basin Drinking water standard exceedences in wells, springs and mine sites including location and parameter(s) exceeded are shown in Table 3.1-7. There are no data on impaired lakes and streams in this basin. Figure 3.1-9 shows the location of exceedences keyed to Table 3.1-7A. A description of water quality data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.18. Not all parameters were measured at all sites; selective sampling for particular constituents is common. Wells, Springs and Mines • Refer to Table 3.1-7A. • Drinking water standard exceedences have been reported for eight wells in the basin. • The parameter most frequently exceeded in the sites measured in this basin was arsenic. Other parameters exceeded included nitrates, beryllium, cadmium, copper, lead and fluoride. • All areas where the parameter for arsenic was exceeded are along the Klondyke and Klondyke-Bonita Roads. Section 3.1 DRAFT Aravaipa Canyon Basin 77 78 Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Site Type Site Name Township 6 South 6 South 7 South 7 South 9 South 9 South 9 South 9 South Area of Impaired Lake (in acres) Section 26 26 6 6 33 10 21 21 None dentfed at ths tme Length of Impaired Stream Reach (in miles) Range 17 East 17 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 21 East 22 East 22 East Site Location Designated Use Standard3 Section 3.1 Parameter(s) Exceeding Use Standard2 NO3 NO3 As, Be, Cd, Cu, Pb As, Be, Cd, Pb F As As As Parameter(s) Exceeding Drinking Water Standard2 Notes: Because of map scale feature locatons may appear dfferent than the locaton ndcated on the table 1 Water qualty samples collected between 1989 and 2004. 2 As = Arsenc Be = Beryllum Cd = Cadmum Cu = Copper F = Fluorde NO3 = Ntrates Pb = Lead Map Key B. Lakes and Streams Site Type Map Key A. Wells, Springs and Mines Table 3.1-7 Water Quality Exceedences in the Aravaipa Canyon Basin1 Aravaipa Canyon Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R20E R18E Aravaipa T 6S 1 2 PINAL COUNTY 3 Klondyke 4 ON D C 85 1 KL YK E AD RO R22E T 8S GRAHAM COUNTY KL ON KE DY BO NI TA O R 6 AD 7 8 5 T10S 0 3 6 Miles Well , Spring or Mine Site with Recorded MCL Exceedence 1 Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Section 3.1 Aravaipa Canyon Basin DRAFT Figure 3.1-9 Aravaipa Canyon Basin Water Quality Conditions COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place 79 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.1.8 Cultural Water Demands in the Aravaipa Canyon Basin Cultural water demand data including population, number of wells and the average well pumpage and surface water diversions by the municipal, industrial and agricultural sectors are shown in Table 3.1-8. There is no recorded effluent generation in this basin. Figure 3.1-10 shows the location of demand centers. A description of cultural water demand data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.5. More detailed information on cultural water demands is found in Section 3.0.7. Cultural Water Demands • Refer to Table 3.1-8 and Figure 3.1-10. • Population remained virtually unchanged from 1980 to 2000. Projections suggest a slight increase in growth rate through 2050. • Overall groundwater pumping is decreasing with an average of less than 1,300 acre-feet pumped per year in the period from 2001 – 2003. • Information on surface water diversions is only available for the period of 1991 – 2003. During this period all surface water diversions have been for agriculture and were less than 1,000 acre-feet per year. • Municipal and industrial demand is minimal in this basin, less than 300 acre-feet per year. • Total agricultural demand in the basin is less than 2,000 acre-feet per year. • The only agricultural lands shown on the map are located along the Klondyke Bonita Road in T9S, R21E. Agricultural lands also historically existed in small pastures scattered along Aravaipa Creek. • As of 2003 there were about 205 registered wells with a pumping capacity of less than or equal to 35 gallons per minute and 32 wells with a pumping capacity of more than 35 gallons per minute. 80 Section 3.1 Aravaipa Canyon Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.1-8 Cultural Water Demands in the Aravaipa Canyon Basin 1 Year Recent Number of Registered Annual Demand (in acre-feet) (Census) and Water Supply Wells Well Pumpage Surface-Water Diversions Projected Drilled (DES) Population Q < 35 gpm Q > 35 gpm Municipal Industrial Irrigation Municipal Industrial Irrigation 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 74 1981 79 1982 85 1983 90 1984 96 1985 101 1986 107 1987 112 1988 118 1989 123 1990 129 1991 129 1992 130 1993 131 1994 131 1995 132 1996 133 1997 133 1998 134 1999 134 2000 135 2001 141 2002 146 2003 152 2010 191 2020 214 2030 240 2040 269 2050 302 ADDITIONAL WELLS: 3 TOTALS: 1712 3,000 NR 3,000 NR Data Source 292 ADWR (1994) 1 1 2,000 NR 5 1 2,000 NR 5 0 <300 NR <1,000 NR NR <1,000 15 1 <300 NR <1,000 NR NR <1,000 5 0 <300 NR <1,000 NR NR <1,000 3 205 32 USGS (2005) ADWR (2005) Notes: NR - Not reported 1 Does not nclude evaporaton losses from stockponds and reservors. 2 Includes all wells through 1980. 3 Other water-supply wells are lsted n the ADWR Well Regstry for ths basn, but they do not have completon dates. These wells are summed here. Section 3.1 DRAFT Aravaipa Canyon Basin 81 82 Facility Name Ownership City/Location Served Population Served Watercourse Evaporation Irrigation Pond Golf Course/Turf Irrigation Wildlife Area Disposal Method No Wastewater Treatment Facltes Identfed by ADWR n ths Basn Volume Treated/Generated (acre-feet/year) Discharge to Another Facility Table 3.1-9 Effluent Generation in the Aravaipa Canyon Basin Section 3.1 Groundwater Recharge Population Not Served Year of Record Aravaipa Canyon Basin DRAFT Current Treatment Level Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 SAN CARLOS INDIAN RESERVATION R20E R18E Aravaipa T 6S PINAL COUNTY 85 1 Klondyke C KL ON D E YK RO AD R22E T 8S GRAHAM COUNTY KL ON KE DY BO NI TA R O AD T10S 0 3 6 Miles Demand Centers c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Agriculture Indian Reservation Figure 3.1-10 Aravaipa Canyon Basin Cultural Water Demand COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place Primary Data Source: USGS National Gap Analysis Program, 2004 Section 3.1 Aravaipa Canyon Basin DRAFT 83 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.1.9 Water Adequacy Determinations in the Aravaipa Canyon Basin There are no water adequacy applications on file with the Department as of May, 2005 for the Aravaipa Canyon Basin. A description of the Water Adequacy Program is found in Volume 1, Appendix A. Adequacy determination data sources and methods are found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.1. 84 Section 3.1 Aravaipa Canyon Basin DRAFT Section 3.1 DRAFT Subdivision Name Aravaipa Canyon Basin Map Key County Township Range Location ADWR File ADWR Adequacy No. Determination No subdvsons on fle wth ADWR at ths tme Section No. of Lots Reason(s) for Inadequacy Determination Table 3.1-10 Adequacy Determinations in the Aravaipa Canyon Basin Date of Determination Water Provider at the Time of Application 85 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 ARAVAIPA CANYON References and Supplemental Reading References A Anderson, T.A., and Freethey, G.W., 1995, Simulation of ground-water flow in alluvial basins in south-central Arizona and parts of adjacent states: USGS Professional Paper 1406-D, 77 p. Anning, D.W. and Duet, N.R., 1994, Summary of ground-water conditions in Arizona, 1987-90, USGS Open-file Report 94-476. Arizona Corporation Commission, 2005, Annual reports, private sewer companies, 1990 to 2005: ACC Utilities Division, June 2005. _____, 2005, Annual reports, small water providers, 1990 to 2005: ACC Utilities Division, July 2005. *Arizona Department of Economic Security, 2005, Workforce Informer: Data file accessed August 2005 at http://www.workforce.az.gov. Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, 2005, Active dairy farms & feedlots: ADEQ data file received October 2005. _____, 2005, ADEQWATP: Data file received May 2005. _____, 2005, ADEQSWI: Data file received September 2005. _____, 2005, Azurite: Data file received September 2005. _____, 2005, Effluent dependent waters: GIS cover received December 2005. _____, 2005, Impaired lakes and reaches: GIS cover received January 2006. _____, 2005, Surface water sources used by water providers: Data file, received June 2005. _____, 2005, WWTP and permit files: Miscellaneous working files, received July 2005 *____, 2004, Water providers with arsenic concentrations in wells over 10ppb: Data file received August 2004. *____, 2004, Water quality exceedences by watershed: Data file received June 2004. _____, 2004, Water quality exceedences for drinking water providers in Arizona: Data file received September 2004. Arizona Department of Mines and Mineral Resources (ADMMR), 2005, Active mines in Arizona: Database, accessed at http:// www.admmr.state.az.us. Arizona Department of Water Resources, 2006, Assured and adequate water supply applications: Project files, ADWR Hydrology Division. Arizona Department of Water Resources, 2005, Agricultural Surface Water Use Estimates: Unpublished analysis, ADWR Office of Resource Assessment Planning. *____, 2005, Automated recorder sites: Data files, ADWR Basic Data Unit. _____, 2005, 2004 rural water provider questionnaire: Data files, ADWR Office of Resource Assessment Planning. _____, 2005, Assured and adequate water supply determinations: Database, ADWR Office of Assured and Adequate Water Supply. All references marked with an asterisk contain information that was directly used in the basin summaries, tables or maps. 86 Section 3.1 Aravaipa Canyon Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 _____, 2005, Flood warning gages: Database, ADWR Office of Water Engineering. *____, 2005, Groundwater Site Inventory (GWSI): Database, ADWR Hydrology Division. _____, 2005, Registry of surface water rights: ADWR Office of Water Management. _____, 2005, Water source of inspected dams: Data files, ADWR Office of Dam Safety. _____, 2005, Water use by golf courses in rural Arizona: Unpublished analysis, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. _____, 2005, Wells55 database. _____, 2004, Rural Water Resources 2003 Questionnaire Report: ADWR Rural Water Resources Study. _____, 2002, Groundwater quality exceedences in rural Arizona from 1975 to 2001, data file: ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 1994, Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Vol. I, Inventory and Analysis. *____, 1994, Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Vol. II, Hydrologic Summary. * Arizona Game & Fish, 2005, Arizona Waterways, data file: Received April 2005. *____, 1997 & 1993, Statewide riparian inventory and mapping project: GIS cover. * Arizona Land Resource Information System (ALRIS), 2005, Surface Beneficiaries, GIS cover, accessed September 2006 at http://sco.az.gov/website/parcels/viewer.htm *____, 2005, Springs: GIS cover, accessed January 2006 at http://www.land.state.az.us/ alris/index.html. * ____, 2005, Streams: GIS cover, accessed 2005 at http://www.land.state.az.us/ alris/index.html. * ____, 2005, Water features: GIS cover, accessed July 2005 at http://www.land.state. az.us/alris/ index.html. *____, 2004, Land ownership: GIS cover, accessed 2004 at http://www.land.state.az.us /alris/ index.html. Arizona Meteorological Network (AZMET), 2005, Arizona climate stations: Pan evaporation data, accessed December, 2005 at http://www.ag.arizona.edu/ azmet/locate. html. * Arizona Water Commission, 1975, Summary, Phase 1, Arizona State Water Plan, Inventory of resource and uses. B * Bureau of Land Management, 2005, Springs in the Safford region: Data file, received January 2005. D Diroll, M., and Marsh, D., 2006, Status of water quality in Arizona-2004 integrated 305(b) assessment and 303(d) listing report: ADEQ report. E Environmental Protection Agency, 2005, 2000 and 1996, Clean Watershed Needs Survey: Datasets, accessed March 2005 at http://www.epa.gov/ owm/mtb/cwns/index.htm. _____, 2005, Surf Your Watershed: Facility reports, accessed April 2005 at http://oaspub. epa. gov/enviro/ef_home2.water. Section 3.1 DRAFT Aravaipa Canyon Basin 87 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 F Fisk, G.G., Duet, D.W., Evans, C.E., Angernoth, N.K., and Longsworth, S.A., 2004, Water Resources Data, Arizona Water Year 2003: USGS Water-Data Report AZ-03-1. * Freethey, G.W. and Anderson, T.W. 1986, Predevelopment hydrologic conditions in the alluvial basins of Arizona and adjacent parts of California and New Mexico: USGS Hydrologic Investigations Atlas HA-664. K Konieczki, A.D. and Wilson, R.P., 1992, Annual summary of groundwater conditions in Arizona, spring 1986 to spring 1987: USGS Open File Report 92-54. M McCormack, H.F., Fisk, G.G., Duet, N.R., Evans, D.W., Roberts, W.P., and Castillo, N.K., 2002, Water resources data Arizona, water year 2002: USGS Water Data Report AZ-02-1. N Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), 2005, SNOTEL (Snowpack Telemetry) stations: Datasets, accessed December 2005 at http://www3.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov/nwcc/ sntlsites.jsp?state=AZ. _____, 2005, Snow Course stations: Datasets, accessed December 2005 at http://www. wcc.nrcs. usda.gov/nwcc/snow-course-sites.jsp?state=AZ. O * Oregon State University, Spatial Climate Analysis Service (SCAS), 2006, Average annual precipitation in Arizona for 1961-1990: PRISM GIS cover, accessed in 2006 at www.ocs. orst.edu/prism. P Pope, G.L., Rigas, P.D., and Smith, C.F., 1998, Statistical summaries of streamflow data and characteristics of drainage basins for selected streamflow-gaging stations in Arizona through water year 1996: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 98-4225. S Sundie, D.W., 1990, Draft outline of basin profiles for the state water assessment: ADWR Statewide Planning Division, Memorandum to L. Linser, January 16, 1990. T * Tadayon, S., 2004, Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectricpower, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of the active management areas, 1991-2000: USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5293, 27 pp. U US Army Corps of Engineers, 2004 and 2005, National Inventory of Dams-Arizona dataset: Accessed November 2004 to April 2005 at http://crunch.tec.army.mil/nid/webpages/nid. cfm. 88 Section 3.1 Aravaipa Canyon Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 * US Geological Survey, 2006, Average annual runoff in the United States, 1951-1980: Data file, accessed March 2006 at http://aa179.cr.usgs.gov/metadata/wrdmeta/runoff.htm. *____, 2006, National Hydrography Dataset: Arizona dataset, accessed at http://nhd. usgs.gov/. *____, 2006, Springs and spring discharges through 2005: Data set, received November 2004 and January 2006 from USGS office in Tucson, AZ. _____, 2005, National Water Information System (NWIS), Arizona dataset: Accessed December 2005 at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis. *____, 2005, Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectric-power, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of the active management areas, 2000-2005: Data file, received December 2005. *____, 2004, Southwest Regional Gap analysis study-land cover descriptions: Electronic file, accessed January 2005 at http://earth.gis.usu.edu/swgap. _____, 2003, Water resources data Arizona, water year 2003: USGS Water Data Report AZ-03-1. *____, 1981, Geographic digital data for 1:500,000 scale maps: USGS National Mapping Program Data Users Guide. V * Valencia, R.A., Wennerlund, J.A., Winstead, R.A., Woods, S., Riley, L., Swanson, E., and Olson, S., 1993, Arizona riparian inventory and mapping project: Arizona Game and Fish. W Wahl, C.R., Boe, S.R., Wennerlund, R.A., Winstead, R.A., Allison, L.J., Kubly, D.M., 1997, Remote sensing mapping of Arizona intermittent stream riparian areas: Arizona Game and Fish Technical Report 112. Western Regional Climate Center (WRCC), 2005, Pan Evaporation Stations: Data set, accessed December 2005 at http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgiwin/ww cgi.dll?wwDI~GetCity~USA _____, 2005, Precipitation and temperature stations: Datasets, accessed December 2005 at: http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwDI~GetCity~USA. Wilson, R.P., 1992, Summary of groundwater conditions in Arizona 1985 to 1986: USGS Water Resources Investigation Report, 90-4179. Water Infrastructure Finance Authority (WIFA), 2005, Clean Watershed Needs Survey-2004 Unpublished data sheets, received July 2005. Supplemental Reading Anderson, T.W., 1995, Summary of the Southwest alluvial basins, regional aquifer-system analysis, south-central Arizona and parts of adjacent states: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1406-A, p. A1-A33. Anderson, T.W., Freethey, G.W., and Tucci, P., 1992, Geohydrology and water resources of alluvial basins in south-central Arizona and parts of adjacent states: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1406-B, p. B1-B67, 3 sheets, scale 1:1,000,000. Anning, D.W., 2003, Assessment of selected inorganic constituents in streams in the central Section 3.1 DRAFT Aravaipa Canyon Basin 89 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 basins study area, Arizona and northern New Mexico, through 1998: USGS Water Resource Investigations Report 03-4063. Anning, D.W., and Duet, N.R., 1994, Summary of ground-water conditions in Arizona, 198790: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-476, 2 sheets, scales 1:1,000,000 and 1:2,500,000. Bureau of Reclamation, 1990, Upper Gila water supply analyses and sizing studies: Arizona Projects Office, draft report, April 1990. Cordy, G.E., Gellenbeck, D.J., Gebler, J.B., Anning, D.W., Coes, A.L., Edmonds, R.J. Rees, J.A., and Sanger, H.W., 2000, Water quality in the central Arizona basins, Arizona, 19951998: USGS Circular 1213. Eastoe, C.I., Long, A., 1994, Tritium-placed constraints on water-flow dynamics in fractured volcanic rocks, Galiuro Mountains, Arizona: Meeting of American Geophysical Union, May 1994, Baltimore, MD, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union 75; 16, p.143. Gebler, J.B., 2000, Organochlorine compounds in streambed sediment and in biological tissue from streams and their relations to land use, Central Arizona: USGS Water Investigations Report 00-4041. Holmes, M.A., 2003, Maps showing groundwater conditions in Aravaipa Canyon basin, Pinal and Graham Counties, Arizona, 1996: ADWR, Hydrologic Map Series #33. Morfin, O., 2003, The use of Pb isotopes to characterize the fate and transport of Pb in an interrupted stream, Aravaipa Creek, Graham County, Arizona: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. Robertson, F.N., 1991, Geochemistry of ground-water in alluvial basins of Arizona and adjacent parts of Nevada, New Mexico, and California: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1406-C, p. C1-C90. Sobczak, R.V., 1994, Confusion where ground and surface waters meet: Gila River general adjudication, Arizona and the search for subflow: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. Tellman, B., Yarde, R. and Wallace, M.G., 1997, Arizona’s Changing Rivers: How People Have Affected the Rivers. Water Resources Research Center, University of Arizona. Wittler, R. J., Klawon, J.E., and .Collins, K.L., 2004, Upper Gila River fluvial geomorphology study: Bureau of Reclamation final report. 90 Section 3.1 Aravaipa Canyon Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Aravaipa Canyon Basin Index to Section 3.0 Geography Hydrology 1 5, 7 Environmental Conditions Instream Flow Claims 13, 14 Conservation Areas, Refuges and Preserves 19 Population 20, 22 Water Supply 23 Surface Water 23 Groundwater 24 Contamination Sites 26 Cultural Water Demand Municipal Demand 31, 32 Water Resource Issues in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Issue Surveys 45, 47 Section 3.1 DRAFT Aravaipa Canyon Basin 91 Section 3.2 Bonita Creek Basin 92 c Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.2.1 Geography of the Bonita Creek Basin The Bonita Creek Basin is a relatively small, 457 square mile basin in the northeast portion of the planning area. Geographic features and principal communities are shown on Figure 3.2-1. The basin is characterized by medium-high elevation plains and mountain ranges as well as grasslands and woodland forests. 93 • Principal geographic features shown on Figure 3.2-1 are: o Principal basin communities of Arsenic Tubs and Bonita Camp, both with very small populations o Ash Flat, a medium-high elevation plain north of Arsenic Tubs o Bonita Creek, which runs north-south through Bonita Camp o South Fork Ash Creek west of Arsenic Tubs o Nantac Rim along the northern boundary, with the highest point in the basin at 7,292 feet • Not well shown on Figure 3.2-1 are the Gila Mountains along the southern boundary of the basin. Section 3.2 Bonita Creek Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 T 1N R22E R24E R26E ! Arsenic Tubs T 2S GRAHAM COUNTY T 4S Bonita Camp ! R28E T 6S 0 3 ¨ c O ARIZONA DEPART MENT OF WATER RESOURCES Base Map: USGS 1:500,000, 1981 Section 3.2 DRAFT Bonita Creek Basin 6 Miles City, Town or Place ! Figure 3.2-1 Bonita Creek Basin Geographic Features 94 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.2.2 Land Ownership in the Bonita Creek Basin Land ownership, including the percentage of ownership in each category, is shown for the Bonita Creek Basin in Figure 3.2-2. The principal features of land ownership in this basin are the significant amount of San Carlos Apache tribal land, the largely solid portion of U.S. Bureau of Land Management lands in the south and the lack of diversity in land ownership types. A description of land ownership data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.8. The San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation was established in 1871, and covers three counties, Gila, Graham and Pinal. This basin includes 403 of the 2,867 square mile reservation. Land ownership categories are discussed below in the order of percentage from largest to smallest in the basin. Indian Reservations • 88.4% of the land in this basin is under ownership of the San Carlos Apache Tribe. • The Reservation in this basin includes two small communities, Arsenic Tubs and Bonita Camp. • Primary land uses are domestic and grazing. U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) • 11.0% of the land is federally owned and managed by the Safford Field Office of the Bureau of Land Management • The basin contains a portion of the Gila Box National Conservation Area in T5S, R27E and T6S, R28E. • The majority of the BLM land is in the southern portion of the basin, however, there are a few very small portions of BLM land along the western boundary of the basin in T2S, R23E; T3S, R24E and T4S, R25E. • Primary land use is grazing. Private • 0.4% of land is privately held. • All private lands in this basin are in-holdings within BLM land. • Primary land uses are domestic and grazing. State Trust • 0.2% of land in this basin is held in trust for public schools. • The very small portion of state trust land can be found on the southeast basin boundary, T6S, R28E and on the western basin boundary T4S, R25E. • Primary land use is grazing. 95 Section 3.2 Bonita Creek Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 T 1N R22E R24E 8 R26E T 2S Arsenic Tubs GRAHAM COUNTY SAN CARLOS INDIAN RESERVATION T 4S Bonita Camp R28E GILA BOX RIPARIAN NATIONAL CONSERVATION AREA T 6S 0 3 6 Miles Land Ownership (Percentage in Basin) Indian Reservations (88.4%) U.S. Bureau of Land Management (11.0%) c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Source: ALRIS , 2004 Bureau of Land Management, 1999 Section 3.2 DRAFT Bonita Creek Basin Figure 3.2-2 Bonita Creek Basin Land Ownership Private (0.4%) (0.2%) State Trust National Conservation Area Major Road City, Town or Place 96 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.2.3 Climate of the Bonita Creek Basin The Bonita Creek Basin does not contain any NOAA/NWS Coop Network, Evaporation Pan, AZMET or SNOTEL/Snowcourse stations. The precipitation figures shown in Figure 3.2-3 are from the Spatial Climatic Analysis Service at Oregon State University. A description of this and other climate data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.3. Average Annual Precipitation • Average annual precipitation is as high as 24 inches along the Nantac Rim in the northeastern part of the basin. • Average annual precipitation is as low as 10 inches at the southern tip of the basin where the Gila Mountains meet the San Simon Valley. • Precipitation generally decreases from north to south in the basin. • The range of 14 inches between areas of highest and lowest precipitation recorded is common for the planning area. 97 Section 3.2 Bonita Creek Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.2-1. Climate Data for the Bonita Creek Basin A.NOAA/NWS Co-op Network: Average Temperature Range (in F) Elevation Period of Record (in feet) Used for Averages Station Name Max/Month Min/Month Average Total Precipitation (in inches) Winter Spring Summer Fall Annual None Source: WRCC, 2003. B. Evaporation Pan: Elevation Period of Record Avg. Annual Evap (in feet) Used for Averages (in inches) Station Name None Source: WRCC, 2003. C. AZMET: Station Name Elevation Period of Record Average Annual Reference Evaportranspiration, in inches (number of years to calculate averages ) (in feet) Used for Averages None Source: Arzona Meteorologcal Network, 2005 D. SNOTEL/Snowcourse: Station Name Elevation Period of Record (in feet) Used for Averages Average Snowpack, at Beginning of the Month, as Inches Snow Water Content (Number of measurements to calculate average) Jan. Feb. March April May June None Source: Natural Resources Conservaton Servce, 2005 Section 3.2 DRAFT Bonita Creek Basin 98 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 T 1N R22E 22 R24E 8 20 R26E Arsenic Tubs T 2S 18 GRAHAM COUNTY 20 20 18 18 Bonita Camp 20 18 T 4S 16 R28E 18 14 T 6S 12 Average Annual Precipitation (1961-1990) inches per year 10-12 12-14 0 3 6 Miles 14-16 16-18 18-20 20-22 c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Figure 3.2-3 Bonita Creek Basin Meteorological Stations and Annual Precipitation 22-24 Precipitation Contour 12 Major Road City, Town or Place Precipitation Data Source: Oregon State University, 1998 99 Section 3.2 Bonita Creek Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.2.4 Surface Water Conditions in the Bonita Creek Basin Streamflow data, including average seasonal flow, average annual flow and other information is shown in Table 3.2-2. The basin does not contain flood ALERT equipment. Reservoir and stockpond data, including maximum storage or maximum surface area of large reservoirs and type of use of the stored water, are shown in Table 3.2-4 The location of streamflow gages, using the USGS number, is shown on Figure 3.2-4. The location of large reservoirs as well as USGS runoff contours are also shown on Figure 3.2-4. A description of stream data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.16. A description of reservoir data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.11. A description of stockpond data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.15. Streamflow Data • Refer to Table 3.2-2. • Data from one station located at Bonita Creek are shown on the table and on Figure 3.2-4. • The average seasonal flow as a percentage of annual flow is highest in the Winter (JanuaryMarch) and lowest in the Spring (April-June). • Winter flow constitutes over half of the annual flow. • Maximum annual flow was 60,395 acre-feet in 1993 and minimum annual flow was 2,129 acre-feet in 2000. There are 21 years of annual flow record for this station. Reservoirs and Stockponds • Refer to Table 3.2-4. • Surface water is stored or could be stored in one large and 16 small reservoirs in the basin. • Total maximum surface area for the large reservoir is 59 acres. • The reservoir is used for fish and wildlife and as a water supply. • Total maximum storage for two of the small reservoirs is 289 acre-feet. Total surface area for the other 14 small reservoirs is 121 acres. • There are an estimated 24 stockponds in this basin. Runoff Contour • Refer to Figure 3.2-4. • Average annual runoff is 0.5 inches per year in this basin. Section 3.2 DRAFT Bonita Creek Basin 100 Bonta Creek near Morenc 9447800 302 NA Contributing Drainage Mean Basin Area (in sq. Elevation (in feet) miles) 8/1981-current Period of Record 58 Winter 8 Spring 14 Summer 20 Fall Average Seasonal Flow (% of annual flow) 101 Notes: NA=Not avalable to ADWR Statstcs based on Calendar Year Annual Flow statstcs based on monthly values Summaton of Average Annual Flows may not equal 100 due to roundng. Perod of record may not equal Year of Record used for annual Flow/Year statstcs due to only usng years wth a 12 month record Sources: USGS NWIS; Pope et al, USGS 1998; and Fsk et al., USGS 2003. USGS Station Name Station Number Minimum 5,424 Median Maximum Section 3.2 21 Years of Annual Flow Record Bonita Creek Basin DRAFT 9,553 60,395 (1993) Mean Annual Flow/Year (in acre-feet) 2,129 (2000) Table 3.2-2 Streamflow Data for the Bonita Creek Basin Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.2-3 Flood ALERT Equipment in the Bonita Creek Basin Station Name Station ID Station Type Install Date Responsibility None Section 3.2 DRAFT Bonita Creek Basin 102 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.2-4 Reservoirs and Stockponds in the Bonita Creek Basin A. Large Reservoirs (500 acre-feet capacity and greater) MAP KEY RESERVOIR/LAKE NAME (Name of dam, if different) OWNER/OPERATOR MAXIMUM STORAGE (AF) USE JURISDICTION None dentfed by ADWR at ths tme B. Other Large Reservoirs (50 acre surface area or greater)1 MAP KEY RESERVOIR/LAKE NAME (Name of dam, if different) OWNER/OPERATOR MAXIMUM SURFACE AREA (acres) USE2 JURISDICTION 1 Bg Bonta (#1,2,3,& 4) San Carlos Apache Trbe 59 F,S Trbal C. Small Reservoirs (greater than 15 acre-feet and less than 500 acre-feet capacity) Total number: 2 Total maximum storage: 289 acre-feet D. Other Small Reservoirs (between 5 and 50 acres surface area)1 Total number: 14 Total surface area: 121 acres E. Stockponds (up to 15 acre-feet capacity) Total number: 24 (from water rights filings Notes: Capacty data not avalable to ADWR 2 F=fsh & wldlfe pond; S=water supply 1 103 Section 3.2 Bonita Creek Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 1 T 1N R22E R24E Sou t hF ork Cr e ek 8 As h 0.5 R26E Arsenic Tubs Pa rk T 2S Cr ee k GRAHAM COUNTY 1 Bo nit aC reek T 4S Bonita Camp R28E 9447800 T 6S 0 3 6 Miles USGS Annual Runoff Contour for 1951-1980 (in inches) Stream Channel (width of line reflects stream order) Reservoir > 500 AF Capacity c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Stream Data Source: ALRIS, 2005 Section 3.2 DRAFT Bonita Creek Basin Figure 3.2-4 Bonita Creek Basin Surface Water Conditions 2 1 Stream Gages USGS Major Road City, Town or Place 104 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.2.5 Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major Springs in the Bonita Creek Basin Major and minor springs with discharge rates and date of measurement, and the total number of springs in the basin are shown in Table 3.2-5. The locations of major springs as well as perennial and intermittent streams are shown on Figure 3.2-5. A description of data sources and methods for intermittent and perennial reaches is found in Volume 1, 1.3.16. A description of spring data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.14. • • • • • 105 There is one perennial stream, Bonita Creek, located in the southern portion of the basin. The basin contains one major spring located on the northeastern boundary of the basin with a measured discharge of 20 gallons per minute (gpm) or greater at any time. Listed discharge rates may not be indicative of current conditions. The measurement for the major spring was taken in 1951 and only one of the four minor spring measurements post-date 1984. Springs with measured discharge of 1 to 10 gpm are not mapped but coordinates are given in Table 3.2-5. There are four minor springs identified in this basin. The total number of springs identified by the USGS varies from 37 to 41, depending on the database reference. Section 3.2 Bonita Creek Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.2-5. Springs in the Bonita Creek Basin A. Major Springs (10 gpm or greater): Locaton Map Key Name 1 Tule Lattude Dscharge 1 Longtude (n gpm) 332036 1095338 20 Date Dscharge Measured 3/20/1951 B. Minor Springs (1 to 10 gpm): Locaton Lattude Dscharge 1 Longtude (n gpm) 325956 1093130 8 12/1981 330014 1093143 3 08/1984 Hackberry 330016 1093110 3 04/1980 Farrell 330117 1093231 2 01/1991 Name 2,3 Cottonwood 2,3 Lon Date Dscharge Measured C. Total number of springs, regardless of discharge, identified by USGS (see ALRIS, 2005 and NHD, 2006): 37 to 41 Notes: Most recent measurement dentfed by ADWR 2 Sprng not dsplayed on current USGS topo map 3 Locaton approxmated by ADWR 1 Section 3.2 DRAFT Bonita Creek Basin 106 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 T 1N R22E 1 R24E 8 R26E Arsenic Tubs T 2S GRAHAM COUNTY T 4S Bonita Camp B on R28E r ee k i ta C T 6S 0 c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Stream Data Source: AGFD, 1993 & 1997 107 3 6 Miles Figure 3.2-5 Bonita Creek Basin Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major (>10 gpm) Springs Springs 1 Perennial Streams Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.2 Bonita Creek Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.2.6 Groundwater Conditions of the Bonita Creek Basin Major aquifers, well yields, estimated natural recharge, estimated water in storage, number of index wells and date of last water-level sweep are shown in Table 3.2-6. Figure 3.2-6 shows aquifer flow direction and water-level change between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004. Figure 3.2-7 shows well yields in three yield categories. A description of aquifer data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.2. A description of well data sources and methods, including water-level changes and well yields is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.19. Major Aquifers • Refer to Table 3.2-6 and Figure 3.2-6. • Major aquifers in the basin include recent stream alluvium, basin fill and volcanic rock. • Flow direction is generally from the northwest to the southeast of the basin. Well Yields • Refer to Table 3.2-6 and Figure 3.2-7. • As shown on Figure 3.2-7 well yields in this basin range from less than 100 gallons per minute (gpm) to 2,000 gpm. • One source of well yield information, based on 14 reported wells, indicates that the median well yield in this basin is 1,144.5 gpm. • Other data sources indicate lower yields. Natural Recharge • Refer to Table 3.2-6. • The only natural recharge estimate for this basin is 9,000 acre-feet per year. This estimate is from 1986. Water in Storage • Refer to Table 3.2-6. • There are three storage estimates for this basin, ranging from one million acre-feet to two million acre-feet. The most recent estimate, from a 1994 ADWR study, indicates the basin has 1.3 million acre-feet in storage to a depth of 1,200 feet. • The predevelopment storage estimate is one million acre-feet. Water Level • Refer to Figure 3.2-6. Water levels are shown for wells measured in 2003-2004. • There are no index wells in this basin. • There are no recorded well sweeps in this basin. • There are three wells with water depth reported in 2003-2004. Water level change data is not available. All wells are in the same area near Bonita Creek and the depth to water ranges from four feet to 12 feet. Section 3.2 DRAFT Bonita Creek Basin 108 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.2-6 Groundwater Data for the Bonita Creek Basin Basin Area, in square miles: 457 Name and/or Geologic Units Recent Stream Alluvum Major Aquifer(s): Basn Fll Volcanc Rock Well Yields, in gal/min: Estimated Natural Recharge, in acre-feet/year: Estimated Water Currently in Storage, in acre-feet: NA Measured by ADWR and/or USGS Range 3-1,426 Medan 1,144.5 (14 wells reported) Reported on regstraton forms for large (> 10-nch) dameter wells 280 ADWR (1994) Range 0-500 Annng and Duet, USGS (1994) 9,000 Freethey and Anderson (1986) 1,300,000 (to 1,200 ft) ADWR (1994) 1,000,0001 (to 1,200 ft) Freethey and Anderson (1986) 2,000,000 (to 1,200 ft) Arzona Water Commsson (1975) Current Number of Index Wells: 0 Date of Last Water-level Sweep: N/A Notes: NA = Not Avalable 1 Predevelopment Estmate 109 Section 3.2 Bonita Creek Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 T 1N R22E R24E 8 R26E Arsenic Tubs T 2S GRAHAM COUNTY T 4S Bonita Camp R28E 7 12 4 T 6S Water-level change in feet between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004 0 3 6 Miles H 375 number is depth to water in feet letter is hydrograph Change Data Not Available Generalized Flow Direction Figure 3.2-6 Bonita Creek Basin Groundwater Conditions c O ARIZO NA DEP ARTMENT OF WATE R RES OURCES Section 3.2 DRAFT Bonita Creek Basin Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments Major Road City, Town or Place 110 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 T 1N R22E R24E 8 R26E T 2S Arsenic Tubs GRAHAM COUNTY T 4S Bonita Camp R28E T 6S 0 3 6 Miles Well Yields Between 1000 and 2000 gals/min Between 500 and 1000 gals/min Less than 100 gals/min Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks O c ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES 111 Figure 3.2-7 Bonita Creek Basin Well Yields Unconsolidated Sediments Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.2 Bonita Creek Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.2.7 Water Quality of the Bonita Creek Basin Data on drinking water standard exceedences in wells, springs and mine sites and impaired lakes and streams are not available for this basin. A description of water quality data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.18. Section 3.2 DRAFT Bonita Creek Basin 112 113 Site Type Map Key Site Type B. Lakes and Streams Map Key Site Name Township A. Wells, Springs and Mines Section Area of Impaired Lake (in acres) None dentfed by ADWR at ths tme Length of Impaired Stream Reach (in miles) None dentfed by ADWR at ths tme Site Location Range Designated Use Standard Section 3.2 Parameter(s) Exceeding Use Standard Parameter(s) Exceeding Drinking Water Standard Table 3.2-7 Water Quality Exceedences in the Bonita Creek Basin Bonita Creek Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.2.8 Cultural Water Demands in the Bonita Creek Basin Cultural water demand data including population, number of wells and the average well pumpage and surface water diversions by the municipal, industrial and agricultural sectors are shown in Table 3.2-8. There is no recorded effluent generation in this basin. Figure 3.2-8 shows the location of demand centers. A description of cultural water demand data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.5. More detailed information on cultural water demands is found in Section 3.0.7. Cultural Water Demands • Refer to Table 3.2-8 and Figure 3.2-8. • Population in this basin is very small with 21 residents in 2000. Projections suggest a slight increase in population through 2050. • Overall groundwater pumping is relatively constant between 1971 and 2003 with an average of 3,200 acre-feet per year in the period from 2001-2003. • Almost all groundwater demand in the basin is water collected in infiltration galleries near Bonita Creek and delivered to the Safford Basin for municipal use. This water is considered to be groundwater in the Atlas. • All water use in this basin is groundwater, there are no recorded surface water diversions. • The only municipal demand center (USGS, 2004) is located near Highway 8 in T1S, R23E. • As of 2003 there were five registered wells with a pumping capacity of less than or equal to 35 gallons per minute and 17 wells with a pumping capacity of more than 35 gallons per minute. This is the smallest number of registered wells in a planning area basin. Section 3.2 DRAFT Bonita Creek Basin 114 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.2-8 Cultural Water Demands in the Bonita Creek Basin1 Year 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 Recent (Census) and Projected (DES) Population Average Annual Demand (in acre-feet) Number of Registered Water Supply Wells Drilled Q < 35 gpm Q > 35 gpm Well Pumpage Municipal Industrial Irrigation Municipal Industrial Irrigation 3 NR 3,1003 NR 3,100 4 5 7 8 10 11 13 14 16 17 19 20 20 20 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 22 23 24 25 26 WELL TOTALS: 2 17 Surface-Water Diversions Data Source 2 USGS (2005) 0 0 3,1003 NR 0 0 3,1003 NR 0 0 2,700 NR NR NR 1 0 3,300 NR NR NR 0 0 3,200 NR NR NR 5 17 USGS (2005) Notes: NR = Not reported 1 Does not nclude evaporaton losses from stockponds and reservors. 1 Does not nclude evaporaton losses from stockponds and reservors. 3 Estmated based on average demand 1991-2003 115 Section 3.2 Bonita Creek Basin DRAFT Section 3.2 DRAFT Facility Name City/Location Served Population Served Bonita Creek Basin Ownership Watercourse Evaporation Irrigation Pond Golf Course/Turf Irrigation Wildlife Area Disposal Method No Wastewater Treatment Facltes Identfed by ADWR n ths Basn Volume Treated/Generated (acre-feet/year) Table 3.2-9 Effluent Generation in the Bonita Creek Basin Discharge to Groundwater Another Recharge Facility Current Treatment Level Population Not Served 116 Year of Record Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 8 Arsenic Tubs SAN CARLOS INDIAN RESERVATION Bonita Camp 0 3 6 Miles Demand Centers c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Figure 3.2-8 Bonita Creek Basin Cultural Water Demands M&I - High Intensity Indian Reservation Major Road City, Town or Place Primary Data Source: USGS National Gap Analysis Program, 2004 117 Section 3.2 Bonita Creek Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.2.9 Water Adequacy Determinations in the Bonita Creek Basin There are no water adequacy applications on file with the Department as of May, 2005 for the Bonita Creek Basin. A description of the Water Adequacy Program is found in Volume 1, Appendix A. Adequacy determination data sources and methods are found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.1. Section 3.2 DRAFT Bonita Creek Basin 118 119 Map Key Subdivision Name County Township Range Location ADWR File No. ADWR Adequacy Determination No subdvsons on fle wth ADWR at ths tme Section No. of Lots Reason(s) for Inadequacy Determination Table 3.2-10 Adequacy Determinations in the Bonita Creek Basin Date of Determination Section 3.2 Bonita Creek Basin DRAFT Water Provider at the Time of Application Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 BONITA CREEK BASIN References and Supplemental Reading References A Anderson, T.W., and Freethey, G.W., 1995, Simulation of groundwater flow in alluvial basins in south central Arizona and parts of adjacent states: USGS Professional Paper 1406-D. Anning, D.W. and Duet, N.R., 1994, Summary of ground-water conditions in Arizona, 1987-90, USGS Open-file Report 94-476. Arizona Corporation Commission, 2005, Annual Reports, private sewer companies, 1990 to 2005: ACC Utilities Division. _____, 2005, Annual reports, Small water providers, 1990 to 2005: ACC Utilities Division. *Arizona Department of Economic Security, 2005, Workforce Informer: Data file, accessed August 2005, http://www.workforce.az.gov. _____, 2005, Active dairy farms & feedlots: Data file, received October 2005. _____, 2005, ADEQSWI: Data file, received September 2005. _____, 2005, ADEQWATP: Data file, received May 2005. _____, 2005, ADEQWWTP: Data file, received August 2005. _____, 2005, Azurite: Data file, received September 2005. _____, 2005, Effluent dependent waters: GIS cover, received December 2005. _____, 2005, Impaired lakes and reaches: GIS cover, received January 2006. _____, 2005, Surface water sources used by water providers: Data file, received June 2005. _____, 2005, WWTP and permit files: Miscellaneous working files, received July 2005. _____, 2004, Water providers with arsenic concentrations in wells over 10ppb: Data file, received August 2004. _____, 2004, Water quality exceedences by watershed: Data file, received June 2004. _____, 2004, Water quality exceedences for drinking water providers in Arizona: Data file, received September 2004. Arizona Department of Mines and Mineral Resources (ADMMR), 2005, Active mines in Arizona: Database, accessed at http:// www.admmr.state.az.us. Arizona Department of Water Resources, 2006, Assured and adequate water supply applications: Project files, ADWR Hydrology Division. _____, 2006, Statement of claimants filed by the Indian tribes or the United States on their behalf in the Gila and Little Colorado River adjudications: Data files, ADWR Office of Planning and Adjudications Support. _____, 2005, Agricultural Surface Water Use Estimates: Unpublished analysis, ADWR Office of Resource Assessment Planning. *____, 2005, Automated recorder sites: Data files, ADWR Basic Data Unit. _____, 2005, 2004 rural water provider questionnaire: Data files, ADWR Office of Resource Assessment Planning. All references marked with an asterisk contain information that was directly used in the basin summaries, tables or maps. Section 3.2 DRAFT Bonita Creek Basin 120 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 _____, 2005, Assured and adequate water supply determinations: Database, ADWR Office of Assured and Adequate Water Supply. _____, 2005, Flood warning gages: Database, ADWR Office of Water Engineering. _____, 2005, Inspected dams: Database, ADWR Office of Dam Safety. _____, 2005, Non-jurisdictional dams: Database, ADWR Office of Dam Safety. *____, 2005, Groundwater Site Inventory (GWSI): Database, ADWR Hydrology Division. _____, 2005, Registry of surface water rights: ADWR Office of Water Management. _____, 2005, Water use by golf courses in rural Arizona: Unpublished analysis, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 2005, Wells55: Database. _____, 2004, Rural Water Resources 2003 Questionnaire Report: Rural water resources study, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. _____, 2002, Groundwater quality exceedences in rural Arizona from 1975 to 2001: Data file, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 1994, Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Vol. I, Inventory and Analysis. *____, 1994, Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Vol. II, Hydrologic Summary. *Arizona Game and Fish Department, 2005, Arizona Waterways: Data file, received April 2005. *____, 1997 & 1993, Statewide riparian inventory and mapping project: GIS cover. _____, 1982, Arizona Lakes Classification Study. * Arizona Land Resource Information System (ALRIS), 2005, Surface Beneficiaries, GIS cover, accessed September 2006 at http://sco.az.gov/website/parcels/viewer.htm *____, 2005, Springs: GIS cover, accessed January 2006 at http://www.land.state.az.us /alris/ index.html. *____, 2005, Streams: GIS cover, accessed 2005 at http://www.land.state.az.us/alris/ index.html. *____, 2005, Water features: GIS cover, accessed July 2005 at http://www.land.state.az. us/alris/ index.html. *____, 2004, Land ownership: GIS cover, accessed in 2004 at http://www.land.state.az. us/alris/index.html. Arizona Meteorological Network (AZMET), 2005, Arizona climate stations: Pan evaporation date, accessed December 2005 at http://www.ag.arizona.edu/ azmet/locate.html. *Arizona Water Commission, 1975, Summary, Phase I, Arizona State Water Plan, Inventory of resource and uses. B *Bureau of Land Management, 2005, Springs in the Safford region: Data file received January 2005. D Diroll, M., and Marsh, D., 2006, Status of water quality in Arizona-2004 integrated 305(b) assessment and 303(d) listing report: ADEQ report. E Environmental Protection Agency, 2005, Surf Your Watershed: Facility reports, accessed April 2005 at http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/ef_home2.water. _____, 2005, 2000 and 1996, Clean Watershed Needs Survey: datasets, accessed March 2005 at 121 Section 3.2 Bonita Creek Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 http://www.epa.gov/owm/mtb /cwns/index.htm. F *Fisk, G.G., Duet, D.W., Evans, C.E., Angernoth, N.K., and Longsworth, S.A., 2004, Water Resources Data, Arizona Water Year 2003: USGS Water-Data Report AZ-03-1. *Freethey, G.W. and Anderson, T.W. 1986, Predevelopment hydrologic conditions in the alluvial basins of Arizona and adjacent parts of California and New Mexico: USGS Hydrologic Investigations Atlas-HA664. K Konieczki, A.D. and Wilson, R.P., 1992, Annual summary of ground-water conditions in Arizona, spring 1986 to spring 1987: USGS Open File Report 92-54. M McCormack, H.F., Fisk, G.G., Duet, N.R., Evans, D.W., Roberts, W.P., and Castillo, N.K., 2002, Water resources data Arizona, water year 2002: USGS Water Data Report AZ-02-1. N Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), 2005, SNOTEL (Snowpack Telemetry) stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www3.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov/ nwcc/ sntlsites.jsp?state=AZ. _____, 2005, Snow Course stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www.wcc.nrcs. usda.gov/nwcc/snow-course-sites.jsp?state=AZ O *Oregon State University, Spatial Climate Analysis Service (SCAS), 2006, Average annual precipitation in Arizona for 1961-1990: PRISM GIS cover, accessed in 2006 at www.ocs. orst.edu/prism. P *Pope, G.L., Rigas, P.D., and Smith, C.F., 1998, Statistical summaries of streamflow data and characteristics of drainage basins for selected streamflow-gaging stations in Arizona through water year 1996: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 98-4225. S Sundie, D.W., 1990, Draft outline of basin profiles for the state water assessment: ADWR Statewide Planning Division, Memorandum to L. Linser, January, 16, 1990. T *Tadayon, S., 2004, Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectric-power, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of the active management areas, 1991-2000: USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5293, 27 pp. U Section 3.2 DRAFT Bonita Creek Basin 122 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 US Army Corps of Engineers, 2004 and 2005, National Inventory of Dams: Arizona Dataset, accessed November 2004 to April 2005 at http://crunch.tec.army.mil/ nid/webpages/nid. cfm *US Geological Survey, 2006, Average annual runoff in the United States, 1951-1980: Data file, accessed March 2006 at http://aa179.cr.usgs.gov/metadata/ wrdmeta/runoff.htm. *____, 2006, Springs and spring discharges: Dataset, received November 2004 and January 2006 from USGS office in Tucson, AZ. *____, 2006, National Hydrography Dataset: Arizona dataset, accessed at http://nhd.usgs.gov/. *____, 2005, National Water Information System (NWIS): Arizona dataset, accessed December 2005 at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis. *____, 2005, Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectric-power, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of the active management areas, 2000-2005:Data file, received December 2005. *____, 2004, Southwest Regional Gap analysis study- land cover descriptions: Electronic file, accessed January 2005 at http://earth.gis.usu.edu /swgap. *____, 1981, Geographic digital data for 1:500,000 scale maps: USGS National Mapping Program Data Users Guide. V Valencia, R.A., Wennerlund, J.A., Winstead, R.A., Woods, S., Riley, L., Swanson, E., and Olson, S., 1993, Arizona riparian inventory and mapping project: Arizona Game and Fish Department. W * Wahl, C.R., Boe, S.R., Wennerlund, R.A., Winstead, R.A., Allison, L.J., Kubly, D.M., 1997, Remote sensing mapping of Arizona intermittent stream riparian areas: Arizona Game and Fish Technical Report 112. Water Infrastructure Finance Authority of Arizona (WIFA), 2005, Clean Watershed Needs Survey-2004: Unpublished data sheets, received July 2005. Western Regional Climate Center (WRCC), 2005, Pan evaporation stations: Data file accessed December 2005 at http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgiwin/wwcg i.dll?wwDI~GetCity~USA. _____, 2005, Precipitation and temperature stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwDI~GetCity~USA. Wilson, R.P., 1992, Summary of groundwater conditions in Arizona 1985 to 1986: USGS Water Resources Investigation Report, 90-4179. Supplemental Reading Baker, D. L., and King, K. A., 1994, Environmental contaminant investigation of water quality, sediment and biota of the upper Gila River basin, Arizona: US Fish and Wildlife service, Project No. 22410-1130-90-2-053, 53 p. Baldys, Stanley, III, Ham, L.K., and Fossum, K.D., 1995, Summary statistics and trend analysis of water quality data at sites in the Gila River Basin, New Mexico and Arizona: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 95-4083 86 p. 123 Section 3.2 Bonita Creek Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Baldys, S., and Bayles, J.A., 1990, Flow characteristics of streams that drain the Ft. Apache and San Carlos Indian Reservations, east central Arizona: USGS Water Resources Investigation Report 90-4053. Bureau of Reclamation, 1990, Upper Gila water supply analyses and sizing studies: Arizona Projects Office, draft report, April 1990. Sobczak, R.V., 1994, Confusion where ground and surface waters meet: Gila River general adjudication, Arizona and the Search for subflow: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. Tellman, B., Yarde, R. and Wallace, M.G., 1997, Arizona’s Changing Rivers: How People Have Affected the Rivers. Water Resources Research Center, University of Arizona. Wittler, R. J., Klawon, J.E., and .Collins, K.L., 2004, Upper Gila River fluvial geomorphology study: Bureau of Reclamation final report. Section 3.2 DRAFT Bonita Creek Basin 124 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Bonita Creek Basin Index to Section 3.0 Geography 1 Hydrology 5, 7 Environmental Conditions 13 Instream Flow Claims 13, 14 Conservation Areas, Refuges and Preserves 15 Population 20, 22 Water Supply Surface Water 23 Groundwater 24 Cultural Water Demand Municipal Demand 125 31, 32 Section 3.2 Bonita Creek Basin DRAFT Section 3.3 Cienega Creek Basin 126 c Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.3.1 Geography of the Cienega Creek Basin Cienega Creek is a small, 606 square mile basin in the southwest portion of the planning area. Geographic features and principal communities are shown on Figure 3.3-1. The basin is characterized by a series of mid- to high-elevation mountain ranges, grasslands and woodlands. 127 • Principal geographic features shown on Figure 3.3-1 are: o Principal basin communities of Patagonia, Sonoita and Elgin o Cienega Creek, a spring-fed perennial creek that begins in T21S, R17E and flows north toward Interstate 10 o Sonoita Creek flowing along Highway 82 in the southern portion of the basin o Redrock Canyon north of Patagonia o Gardner Canyon north of Sonoita • Not well shown on Figure 3.3-1 are: o Santa Rita Mountain range along the southwestern boundary, which include Mt. Wrightson, the highest point in the basin at 9,453 feet o Empire Mountains in the northwest o Whetstone Mountains in the northeast o Patagonia Mountains on the southwestern boundary Section 3.3 Cienega Creek Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R18E T16S COCHISE COUNTY R16E T18S PIMA COUNTY T20S Sonoita ! ! Elgin SANTA CRUZ COUNTY ! Patagonia T22S 0 3 ¨ c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Base Map: USGS 1:500,000, 1981 Section 3.3 DRAFT Cienega Creek Basin 6 Miles COUNTY City, Town or Place ! Figure 3.3-1 Cienega Creek Basin Geographic Features 128 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.3.2 Land Ownership in the Cienega Creek Basin Land ownership, including the percentage of ownership in each category, is shown for the Cienega Creek Basin in Figure 3.3-2. Principal features of land ownership are the national forest lands along the boundaries of the basin and relatively large portions of contiguous private and state trust lands. A description of land ownership data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.8. Land ownership categories are discussed below in the order of percentage from largest to smallest in the basin. National Forest and Wilderness • 41.4% of land is federally owned and managed as national forest and wilderness. • All forest lands in the basin, although they are not contiguous, are in the Coronado National Forest. There are two ranger districts in the basin, Nogales Ranger District west of Patagonia and Sierra Vista Ranger District east of Patagonia and northeast of Sonoita. • A portion of the Mt. Wrightson Wilderness area is located in T19S and T20S, R15E. • Primary land uses are grazing, recreation and timber production. State Trust • 23.5% of land in this basin is held in trust for public schools, penitentiaries and state charitable penal reform. • The majority of the state land ownership is contiguous, but there are a number of small isolated parcels in the southern portion of the basin. • Primary land use is grazing. Private • 23.2% of land is private. • Most private land in the basin is contiguous and located in the vicinity of the three principal basin communities of Sonoita, Patagonia and Elgin. • A number of private land in-holdings exist in national forest land in the Nogales Ranger District west of Patagonia and in the southern portion of the Sierra Vista Ranger District east of Patagonia. • Primary land uses are domestic, ranching and farming. U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) • 11.8% of land is federally owned and managed by the Safford Field Office of the Bureau of Land Management. • The majority of the BLM land in this basin is the Las Cienegas National Conservation Area, a 42,000 acre area north of Sonoita along Cienega Creek. • Primary land uses are recreation and grazing. Parks, Monuments, Historical and Recreational Sites • 0.1% is federally owned and managed by the National Park Service. • All park lands in this basin are in a very small portion of Saguaro National Park at the northern tip in T17S, R18E. • Primary land use is recreation. 129 Section 3.3 Cienega Creek Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R18E SAGUARO NATIONAL PARK CORONADO NATIONAL FOREST T16S 10 COCHISE COUNTY R16E T18S PIMA COUNTY 83 LAS CIENEGAS NATIONAL CONSERVATION AREA CORONADO NATIONAL FOREST T20S Sonoita Elgin SANTA CRUZ COUNTY 82 Patagonia T22S Land Ownership (Percentage in Basin) National Forest & Wilderness (41.4%) 0 c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Source: ALRIS , 2004 Bureau of Land Management, 1999 Section 3.3 DRAFT Cienega Creek Basin 3 6 Miles Figure 3.3-2 Cienega Creek Basin Land Ownership State Trust (23.5%) Private (23.2%) U.S. Bureau of Land Management (11.8%) Parks, Monuments, (0.1%) Historical & Recreational sites National Conservation Area COUNTY Interststate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place 130 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.3.3 Climate of the Cienega Creek Basin The Cienega Creek Basin does not contain any NOAA/NWS Coop Network, Evaporation Pan, AZMET or SNOTEL/Snowcourse stations. The precipitation figures shown in Figure 3.3-3 are from the Spatial Climatic Analysis Service at Oregon State University. A description of this and other climate data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.3. Average Annual Precipitation • Average annual precipitation is as high as 40 inches in the vicinity of McCleary Peak in the Santa Rita Mountains. • Average annual precipitation is as low as 16 inches at the Mescal Arroyo north of Interstate 10. • Rainfall in this basin increases as elevation increases with the highest precipitation occurring in the Santa Rita Mountains. • Compared to other basins in the planning area, the Cienega Creek Basin has a high overall average annual precipitation with the lowest averages higher than 14 inches. • The range of 26 inches between areas of highest and lowest precipitation recorded is larger than most other basins in the planning area. 131 Section 3.3 Cienega Creek Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.3-1 Climate Data for the Cienega Creek Basin A.NOAA/NWS Co-op Network: Average Temperature Range (in F) Elevation Period of Record (in feet) Used for Averages Station Name Max/Month Min/Month Average Total Precipitation (in inches) Winter Spring Summer Fall Annual None Source: WRCC, 2003. B. Evaporation Pan: Elevation Period of Record Avg. Annual Evap (in feet) Used for Averages (in inches) Station Name None Source: WRCC, 2003. C. AZMET: Station Name Elevation Period of Record Average Annual Reference Evaportranspiration, in inches (number of years to calculate averages ) (in feet) Used for Averages None Source: Arzona Meteorologcal Network, 2005 D. SNOTEL/Snowcourse: Station Name Elevation Period of Record (in feet) Used for Averages Average Snowpack, at Beginning of the Month, as Inches Snow Water Content (Number of measurements to calculate average) Jan. Feb. March April May June None Source: Natural Resources Conservaton Servce, 2005 Section 3.3 DRAFT Cienega Creek Basin 132 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R18E 22 20 T16S 18 16 18 10 18 COCHISE COUNTY R16E 1 22 20 PIMA COUNTY 20 T18S 20 24 26 30 36 Sonoita 34 22 Elgin 18 T20S 32 38 28 83 Average Annual Precipitation (1961-1990) SANTA CRUZ COUNTY inches per year 82 14-16 16-18 20 18-20 20 Patagonia 20-22 T22S 22-24 24-26 22 26-28 28-30 30-32 0 3 6 Miles 32-34 34-36 36-38 38-40 c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Figure 3.3-3 Cienega Creek Basin Meteorological Stations and Annual Precipitation Precipitation Data Source: Oregon State University, 1998 133 Precipitation Contour 12 COUNTY Interstate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.3 Cienega Creek Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.3.4 Surface Water Conditions in the Cienega Creek Basin Streamflow data, including average seasonal flow, average annual flow and other information is shown in Table 3.3-2. Flood ALERT equipment in the basin as of September 2004 is shown on Table 3.3-3. Reservoir and stockpond data, including maximum storage or maximum surface area, are shown in Table 3.3-4. The location of streamflow gages, using the USGS number, is shown on Figure 3.3-4. The location of large reservoirs as well as USGS runoff contours are also shown on Figure 3.3-4. A description of stream data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.16. A description of reservoir data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.11. A description of stockpond data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.15. Streamflow Data • Refer to Table 3.3-2. • Data from two stations located at Cienega Creek are shown on the table and on Figure 3.34. • One station was discontinued in 1975 and the other station contains less than three years of data, therefore no statistics were run. • The average seasonal flow for the discontinued Pantano station is highest in the Summer (July-September) when 93% of the annual average seasonal flow occurs. The average seasonal flow is lowest in the Spring (April-June) and the Fall (October-December). • Maximum annual flow was 4,496 acre-feet in 1974 and minimum annual flow was 608 acre-feet in 1968 at the station near Pantano. Flood ALERT Equipment • Refer to Table 3.3-3. • There are seven stations in the basin as of October 2005, all but one is located in Pima County. • Four stations are precipitation only, one station is a weather station, one station is a precipitation/stage station and one is a repeater/precipitation station. Reservoirs and Stockponds • Refer to Table 3.3-4. • Surface water is stored or could be stored in four small reservoirs in the basin. • Total maximum storage for two of the small reservoirs is 68 acre-feet. Total surface area for the other two small reservoirs is 10 acres. • There are an estimated 426 stockponds in this basin. Runoff Contour • Refer to Figure 3.3-4. • Average annual runoff is two inches per year in the northwestern portion of the basin and decreases to 0.5 inches per year in the central and southern part of the basin. Section 3.3 DRAFT Cienega Creek Basin 134 135 289 Cenega Creek near Sonota Cenega Creek near Pantano 9484550 9484560 3/1968-9/1975 (dscontnued) 10/2001- current Period of Record 5 Winter 1 Spring Fall Minimum Median 93 1 608 (1969) 1,408 6 2 Cienega Creek Basin DRAFT 4,496 (1974) Section 3.3 1,919 Mean Years of Annual Flow Maximum Record Annual Flow (in acre-feet/year) No statstcs run, less than 3 years data Summer Average Seasonal Flow (% of annual flow) Notes: NA= Not avalable to ADWR Statstcs based on Calendar Year Annual Flow statstcs based on monthly values Summaton of Average Annual Flows may not equal 100 due to roundng. Perod of record may not equal Year of Record used for annual Flow/Year statstcs due to only usng years wth a 12 month record Sources: USGS NWIS; Pope et al, USGS 1998; and Fsk et al., USGS 2003. 4,890 NA Undetermned USGS Station Name Station Number Table 3.3-2 Streamflow Data for the Cienega Creek Basin Contributing Mean Basin Drainage Area (in sq. Elevation (in feet) miles) Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.3 DRAFT Precptaton Weather Staton Repeater/Precptaton Sonota Creek @ Casa Blanca Canyon Salcdo Place Cenega I-10 Mescal Doppler Tower Empre Mountan Repeater Haystack Mountan 2520 4270 4280 4290 4300 4320 4410 Cienega Creek Basin Notes: ADWR = Arzona Department of Water Resources FCD = Flood Control Dstrct Precptaton Precptaton Precptaton/Stage Precptaton Station Type Station Name Station ID 3/1/1993 3/1/1993 9/1/1997 3/1/1993 3/1/1993 3/1/1993 10/16/2001 Install Date Pma County FCD Pma County FCD Pma County FCD Pma County FCD Pma County FCD Pma County FCD ADWR Responsibility Table 3.3-3 Flood ALERT Equipment in the Cienega Creek Basin 136 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.3-4 Reservoirs and Stockponds in the Cienega Creek Basin A. Large Reservoirs (500 acre-feet capacity and greater) MAP KEY RESERVOIR/LAKE NAME (Name of dam, if different) OWNER/OPERATOR MAXIMUM STORAGE (AF) USE JURISDICTION USE JURISDICTION None dentfed by ADWR at ths tme B. Other Large Reservoirs (50 acre surface area or greater)1 MAP KEY RESERVOIR/LAKE NAME (Name of dam, if different) OWNER/OPERATOR MAXIMUM SURFACE AREA (acres) None dentfed by ADWR at ths tme C. Small Reservoirs (greater than 15 acre-feet and less than 500 acre-feet capacity) Total number: 2 Total maximum storage: 68 acre-feet D. Other Small Reservoirs (between 5 and 50 acres surface area)1 Total number: 2 Total surface area: 10 acres E. Stockponds (up to 15 acre-feet capacity) Total number: 426 (from water right filings) Notes: Capacty data not avalable to ADWR 1 137 Section 3.3 Cienega Creek Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R18E 2 T16S 4270 1 4280 4290 10 9484560 4410 R16E 4300 4320 COCHISE COUNTY 9484550 T18S 83 T20S 0.5 Cienega Creek PIMA COUNTY Sonoita 0.5 Elgin Sonoit a SANTA CRUZ COUNTY Creek 82 2520 Patagonia T22S 0 3 6 Miles USGS Annual Runoff Contour for 1951-1980 (in inches) Stream Channel (width of line reflects stream order) Stream Gages 2 USGS c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Stream Data Source: ALRIS, 2005 Section 3.3 DRAFT Cienega Creek Basin Figure 3.3-4 Cienega Creek Basin Surface Water Conditions Flood COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place 138 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.3.5 Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major Springs in the Cienega Creek Basin Major and minor springs with discharge rates and date of measurement, and the total number of springs in the basin are shown in Table 3.3-5. The locations of major springs as well as perennial and intermittent streams are shown on Figure 3.3-5. A description of data sources and methods for intermittent and perennial reaches is found in Volume 1, 1.3.16. A description of spring data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.14. • • • • • • • • 139 There are three streams with perennial reaches, Sonoita Creek, Cienega Creek and Redrock Canyon. Perennial reaches of Sonoita Creek and Redrock Canyon are located in the southern portion of the basin and perennial reaches of Cienega Creek are located in the north-central portion of the basin. There is also a perennial reach of Cienega Creek just north of Interstate 10 on the northwest boundary. There are a number of intermittent streams as well as intermittent reaches of perennial streams in the basin. There are seven major springs with a measured discharge of 10 gallons per minute (gpm) or greater at any time. Listed discharge rates may not be indicative of current conditions. All of the spring measurements in the basin were taken prior to 1983. The major springs are located throughout most of the basin. The greatest discharge rates are south of Sonoita (Monkey, 430 gpm and Cottonwood, 150 gpm). Most of the major springs discharge 40 gpm or greater. Springs with measured discharge of 1 to 10 gpm are not mapped but coordinates are given in Table 3.3-5. There are two minor springs identified in this basin. The total number of springs identified by the USGS is 78. Section 3.3 Cienega Creek Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.3-5 Springs in the Cienega Creek Basin A. Major Springs (10 gpm or greater): Locaton Lattude Dscharge 1 Longtude (n gpm) Monkey 313803 1104212 430 NA 2 Cottonwood 313910 1104225 150 3/18/1982 3 Apache 314310 1104450 90 04/1941 4 Unnamed 313158 1104553 70 4/1/1982 5 Unnamed 314716 1103820 40 3/25/1982 6 Unnamed 313135 1104740 14 4/1/1982 7 Barrell 315203 1104054 13 3/31/1981 Map Key Name 1 Date Dscharge Measured B. Minor Springs (1 to 10 gpm): Locaton Lattude Dscharge 1 Longtude (n gpm) Apache 315012 1102926 4 3/24/1982 Bootlegger 315424 1103252 3 12/23/1981 Name Date Dscharge Measured C. Total number of springs, regardless of discharge, identified by USGS (see ALRIS, 2005 and NHD, 2006): 78 Notes: NA = Not Avalable 1 Most recent measurement dentfed by ADWR Section 3.3 DRAFT Cienega Creek Basin 140 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R18E T16S 10 ee k R16E COCHISE COUNTY ga Cr 7 Ciene T18S W a PIMA COUNTY Sp rin g ter n nyo Ca 5 83 3 T20S Sonoita Ca sa Bl an ca it a Ca So n o Bi g ny on ek C re Elgin 2 1 SANTA CRUZ COUNTY 82 Re d r oc 4 Ca k 6 Patagonia n yon T22S 0 3 6 Miles 1 Springs Intermittent Streams c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Stream Data Source: AGFD, 1993 & 1997 141 Figure 3.3-5 Cienega Creek Basin Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major (>10 gpm) Springs Perennial Streams COUNTY Interstate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.3 Cienega Creek Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.3.6 Groundwater Conditions of the Cienega Creek Basin Major aquifers, well yields, estimated natural recharge, estimated water in storage, number of index wells and date of last water-level sweep are shown in Table 3.3-6. Figure 3.3-6 shows aquifer flow direction and water-level change between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004. Figure 3.3-7 contains hydrographs for selected wells shown on Figure 3.3-6. Figure 3.3-8 shows well yields in four yield categories. A description of aquifer data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.2. A description of well data sources and methods, including water-level changes and well yields is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.19. Major Aquifers • Refer to Table 3.3-6 and Figure 3.3-6. • Major aquifers in the basin include recent stream alluvium and basin fill. • The basin consists of three groundwater sections, upper Cienega Creek, lower Cienega Creek and Sonoita Creek. • In the central valley, in the upper Cienega Creek section, the principal aquifer is the basin fill alluvium. • From “the Narrows” south of Interstate 10 where the central valley narrows to the northern basin boundary in the lower Cienega Creek section, there are three aquifers: stream alluvium, basin fill and the Pantano formation. The main aquifer in this section is the stream alluvium. • In the southwestern portion of the basin, in the Sonoita Creek section, the main aquifer is the stream alluvium that forms the floodplain of Sonoita Creek and its tributaries. • Flow direction south of Sonoita is generally from north to southwest and north of Sonoita it is from the southwest to the northeast. Well Yields • Refer to Table 3.3-6 and Figure 3.3-8. • As shown on Figure 3.3-8 well yields in this basin range from less than 100 gallons per minute (gpm) to 2,000 gpm. • One source of well yield information, based on 35 reported wells, indicates that the median well yield in this basin is 250 gpm. • Well yields vary throughout the basin. Natural Recharge • Refer to Table 3.3-6. • There are two natural recharge estimates for this basin, 11,000 acre-feet per year and 8,500 to 25,500 acre-feet per year. The latter, from a 1994 ADWR study, is the most recent. Water in Storage • Refer to Table 3.3-6. • There are three storage estimates for this basin, ranging from 5.1 million acre-feet to 11 million acre-feet. The most recent estimate, from a 1994 ADWR study, indicates the basin has 5.1 million acre-feet in storage to a depth of 1,200 feet. • The predevelopment storage estimate is six million acre-feet. Section 3.3 DRAFT Cienega Creek Basin 142 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Water Level • Refer to Figure 3.3-6. Water levels are shown for wells measured in 2003-2004. • The Department annually measures 13 index wells in this basin. • In 2005, the year of the last water level sweep, 13 wells were measured. • The deepest recorded water level in 2003-2004 is 207 feet in Sonoita and the shallowest is 21 feet in the vicinity of Elgin. • Hydrographs corresponding to selected wells shown on Figure 3.3-6 but covering a longer time period are shown in Figure 3.3-7. 143 Section 3.3 Cienega Creek Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.3-6 Groundwater Data for the Cienega Creek Basin Basin Area, in square miles: 606 Name and/or Geologic Units Recent Stream Alluvum Major Aquifer(s): Basn Fll Well Yields, in gal/min: N/A Measured by ADWR and/or USGS Range 25-600 Medan 250 (35 wells reported) Reported on regstraton forms for large (> 10-nch) dameter wells Range 2-1,500 ADWR (1994) Range 0-2,500 Annng and Duet, USGS (1994) 8,500 - 25,500 ADWR (1994) 11,000 Freethey and Anderson (1986) 5,100,000 (to 1,200 ft) ADWR (1994) 6,000,0001 (to 1,200 ft) Freethey and Anderson (1986) 11,000,000 (to 1,200 ft) Arzona Water Commsson (1975) Estimated Natural Recharge, in acre-feet: Estimated Water Currently in Storage, in acre-feet: Current Number of Index Wells: 13 Date of Last Water-level Sweep: 2005 (118 wells measured) Notes: NA = Not Avalable 1 Predevelopment Estmate Section 3.3 DRAFT Cienega Creek Basin 144 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R18E T16S 10 99 COCHISE COUNTY R16E T18S PIMA COUNTY 203 29 139 A 83 82 171 T20S B Sonoita C 152 207 Elgin 83 21 48 SANTA CRUZ COUNTY 82 25 Patagonia T22S Water-level change in feet between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004 H 375 0 3 6 Miles number is depth to water in feet letter is hydrograph Between -15 and -1 Between -1 and +1 Between +1 and +15 Change Data Not Available Generalized Flow Direction Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments c O ARIZO NA DEP ARTMENT OF WATE R RES OURCES 145 Figure 3.3-6 Cienega Creek Basin Groundwater Conditions COUNTY Interstate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.3 Cienega Creek Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 CIENEGA CREEK BASIN HYDROGRAPHS SHOWING DEPTH Figure 3.3-7 TO WATER IN SELECTED Cienega Creek BasinWELLS Hydrographs Showing Depth to Water in Selected Wells Depth To Water In Feet Below Land Surface -50 A WELL DEPTH: 845 ft USE: STOCK basin fill D-19-17 17BBD 0 1975 200 B 1985 1995 WELL DEPTH: 341 ft USE: DOMESTIC 2005 basin fill D-20-16 24DAD2 250 1975 125 C 1985 1995 WELL DEPTH: 230 ft USE: STOCK 2005 basin fill D-20-17 24CDD 175 1975 1985 1995 2005 YEAR Section 3.3 DRAFT Cienega Creek Basin 146 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R18E T16S 10 R16E T18S 83 82 T20S Sonoita Elgin 82 Patagonia T22S Well Yields Between 1000 and 2000 gals/min 0 3 6 Miles Between 500 and 1000 gals/min Between 100 and 500 gals/min Less than 100 gals/min Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments ARIZONA O DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES c 147 Figure 3.3-8 Cienega Creek Basin Well Yields COUNTY Interststate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.3 Cienega Creek Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.3.7 Water Quality of the Cienega Creek Basin Drinking water standard exceedences in wells, springs and mine sites including location and parameter(s) exceeded are shown in Table 3.3-7A. Impaired lakes and streams with site type, name, length of impaired stream reach, area of impaired lake, designated use standard and parameter(s) exceeded is shown in Table 3.3-7B. Figure 3.3-9 shows the location of exceedences and impairment keyed to Table 3.3-7. A description of water quality data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.18. Not all parameters were measured at all sites; selective sampling for particular constituents is common. Wells, Springs and Mines • Refer to Table 3.3-7A. • Drinking water standard exceedences in wells, springs and at mine sites have been reported for 46 sites in the basin. • The parameters most frequently exceeded in the sites measured in this basin were cadmium and copper. Almost all of these sites are in the vicinity of Patagonia. • Other parameters that were commonly exceeded in the sites measured in this basin were arsenic, fluoride and lead. Lakes and Streams • Refer to Table 3.3-7B. • Water quality standards were exceeded in two reaches of Alum Gulch, the entire length of Harshaw Creek, a tributary of the Endless Mine tributary and Humbolt Canyon. • The parameters exceeded in every stream were copper and pH levels. Other parameters exceeded include cadmium and zinc. • The longest impaired reach was 14 miles of Harshaw Creek. • Harshaw Creek and Alum Gulch are part of the ADEQ water quality improvement effort called the Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) program. The TMDL report for both streams was accepted by the EPA in 2003. No implementation plans or activities are occurring at this time. • There is one small portion of Sonoita Creek in the vicinity of Patagonia that is effluent dependent. Section 3.3 DRAFT Cienega Creek Basin 148 149 Site Type Well Well Well Well Well NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR Map Key 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Township 17 South 18 South 18 South 19 South 19 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South A. Wells, Springs and Mines Site Location Range 19 East 16 East 17 East 17 East 18 East 15 East 15 East 15 East 15 East 15 East 15 East 15 East 15 East 15 East 15 East 15 East 15 East 15 East 16 East 16 East 16 East 16 East 16 East 16 East 16 East 16 East 16 East 16 East 16 East 16 East Section 17 32 26 3 29 9 12 12 14 14 14 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 9 14 20 20 20 20 20 20 26 27 27 28 Section 3.3 Parameter(s) Exceeding Drinking Water Standard2 F Rad As, Cu, Pb As Rad NO3 As As Cd Cd Cd As Cd, Cu, Pb Cd, Cu, Pb As Cd, Cu, Pb Cd, Cu, Pb As As, F, Pb Cd, Cu Cd, F Cd, Cu Cd, Cu Cd, Cu Cd, Cu Cd, Cu F As Cd Cd, Tl Table 3.3-7 Water Quality Exceedences in the Cienega Creek Basin 1 Cienega Creek Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.3 DRAFT NR NR NR NR NR NR NR Well NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 Stream a Cienega Creek Basin Site Type Map Key 1 Alum Gulch (headwaters to Lattude 312820, Longtude 1104351) Site Location Range 16 East 16 East 16 East 16 East 16 East 16 East 16 East 16 East 16 East 16 East 16 East 16 East 16 East 16 East 16 East 16 East Length of Impaired Stream Reach (in miles) Township 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 23 South 23 South 23 South 23 South 23 South 23 South 23 South 23 South 23 South Site Name B. Lakes and Streams Site Type Map Key A. Wells, Springs and Mines (con't.) NA Area of Impaired Lake (in acres) Section 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 3 4 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 A&W, AgL, PBC Designated Use Standard3 Cd, Cu, pH, Zn Parameter(s) Exceeding Use Standard2 Parameter(s) Exceeding Drinking Water Standard2 Cd, Cu, Pb Cd, F As, Cd, Cu, F, Pb Cd, F, Pb Cd, Cu, F, Pb Cd, Cu, Pb As, Cd, Cu, Pb As As Cd, Cu, Pb Cd, Cu Cd, Cu Cd, Pb Cd, Cu Cd, Cu Cd, Cu Table 3.3-7 Water Quality Exceedences in the Cienega Creek Basin 1 150 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 151 Stream Stream Stream Stream b c d e 14 2 Harshaw Creek (headwaters to Sonota Creek) Headwaters of unnamed trbutary of Endless Mne trbutary to Harshaw Creek 2 1 Alum Gulch (Lattude 312820, Longtude 1104351 to Lattude 312917, Longtude 1104425) Humbolt Canyon Length of Impaired Stream Reach (in miles) Site Name NA NA NA NA Area of Impaired Lake (in acres) A&W, FBC, FC A&W, PBC A&W, AgL, PBC A&W, AgL, FBC, FC Designated Use Standard3 Notes: NR = Informaton not avalable to ADWR NA = Not applcable Because of map scale feature locatons may appear dfferent than the locaton ndcated on the table 1 Water qualty samples collected between 1982 and 2001. 2 As = Arsenc Cd = Cadmum Cu = Copper F= Fluorde Pb = Lead Hg = Mercury pH = Measurement of acdty or alkalnty NO3 = Ntrate/Ntrte Rad = One or more of the followng radonucldes - Gross Alpha, Gross Beta, Radum, and Uranum Tl = Thallum Zn = Znc 3 A&W = Aquatc and Wldlfe AgL = Agrcultural Lvestock Waterng FBC = Full Body Contact FC = Fsh Consumpton PBC = Partal Body Contact Site Type Map Key B. Lakes and Streams (con't.) Section 3.3 Cd, Cu, pH, Zn Cu, pH Cu, pH, Zn Cd, Cu, pH, Zn Parameter(s) Exceeding Use Standard2 Table 3.3-7 Water Quality Exceedences in the Cienega Creek Basin 1 Cienega Creek Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R18E T16S 10 1 R16E T18S COCHISE COUNTY PIMA 3 COUNTY 2 4 83 5 T20S Sonoita SANTA CRUZ COUNTY Elgin 82 Sonoita Creek 6 7, 8 Patagonia 19 20 21-26 9-11 T22S b 30 16, 17 12-15, 18 c 29 27 37 28 a 39 31-36 44-46 38 e 40-42 43 d 0 3 6 Miles Well , Spring or Mine Site with Recorded MCL Exceedence Effluent Dependent Reach Impaired Stream or Lake 1 a Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments Figure 3.3-9 Cienega Creek Basin Water Quality Conditions c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Section 3.3 DRAFT Cienega Creek Basin COUNTY Interstate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place 152 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.3.8 Cultural Water Demands in the Cienega Creek Basin Cultural water demand data including population, number of wells and the average well pumpage and surface water diversions by the municipal, industrial and agricultural sectors are shown in Table 3.3-8. Effluent generation including facility ownership, location, population served and not served, volume treated, disposal method and treatment level is shown on Table 3.3-9. Figure 3.3-10 shows the location of demand centers. A description of cultural water demand data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.5. More detailed information on cultural water demands is found in Section 3.0.7. Cultural Water Demands • Refer to Table 3.3-8 and Figure 3.3-10. • Population in this basin is small but has more than doubled since 1980, increasing from 1,695 in 1980 to 4,108 in 2000. Projections suggest a higher rate of growth through 2050. • Overall groundwater pumping is estimated to be comparable to historic pumping with an annual average of about 1,200 acre-feet per year from 2001-2003. • All water use in this basin is groundwater, there are no recorded surface water diversions. • Most concentrations of municipal and industrial demand are either around Patagonia or along Interstate 10 along the Cochise County line. • Both municipal and industrial groundwater demand has remained fairly constant since 1991, with municipal demand about 550 acre-feet per year and industrial demand less than 300 acre-feet per year. • Agricultural demand has also remained relatively constant since 1992 with less than 500 acre-feet per year. The only agricultural demand center shown on the map is located along Highway 83 in T21S, R16E. • In addition to the agricultural demand center shown on the map there are approximately 160 acres of vineyards in this basin. Most vineyards are located in the Elgin area and all are irrigated with groundwater. • As of 2003 there were 1,831 registered wells with a pumping capacity of less than or equal to 35 gallons per minute and 99 wells with a pumping capacity of more than 35 gallons per minute. Effluent Generation • Refer to Table 3.3-9. • There is one wastewater treatment facility, the Patagonia Wastewater Treatment Facility, located at Patagonia. • 945 people are served by this facility. • 73 acre-feet of effluent per year is generated by the facility and discharged into Sonoita Creek. 153 Section 3.3 Cienega Creek Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 1 Table 3.3-8 Cultural Water Demands in the Cienega Creek Basin Year Average Annual Demand (in acre-feet) Recent Number of Registered Water (Census) and Supply Wells Drilled Well Pumpage Surface-Water Diversions Projected (DES) Population Q < 35 gpm Q > 35 gpm Municipal Industrial Irrigation Municipal Industrial Irrigation 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1,695 1981 1,792 1982 1,888 1983 1,985 1984 2,082 1985 2,178 1986 2,275 1987 2,372 1988 2,468 1989 2,565 1990 2,662 1991 2,806 1992 2,951 1993 3,096 1994 3,240 1995 3,385 1996 3,529 1997 3,674 1998 3,819 1999 3,963 2000 4,108 2001 4,160 2002 4,212 4,265 2003 2010 4,630 2020 4,681 2030 4,854 2040 5,160 5,650 2050 ADDITIONAL WELLS: 3 WELL TOTALS: 8972 1,200 NR 1,200 NR Data Source 792 ADWR (1994) USGS (2005) 186 3 1,200 NR 173 5 1,200 NR 213 3 500 <300 500 NR 229 5 550 <300 500 NR 63 4 600 <300 500 NR 70 1,831 99 USGS (2005) ADWR (2005) Notes: NR = Not reported 1 Does not nclude evaporaton losses from stockponds and reservors. 2 Includes all wells through June 1980. 3 Other water-supply wells are lsted n the ADWR Well Regstry for ths basn, but they do not have completon dates. These wells are summed here. Section 3.3 DRAFT Cienega Creek Basin 154 Town of Patagona Patagona WWTF 155 Notes: NA: Data not currently avalable to ADWR WWTF: Wastewater Treatment Faclty Adv. Tr. l: Advance Treatment Level l Ownership Facility Name Patagona City/Location Served 945 73 Volume Treated/Generated (acre-feet/year) Population Served Sonota Creek Watercourse Golf Evaporation Irrigation Course/Turf Pond Irrigation Discharge to Wildlife Groundwater Another Area Recharge Facility Disposal Method Table 3.3-9 Effluent Generation in the Cienega Creek Basin NA Population Not Served 2000 Year of Record Cienega Creek Basin DRAFT Adv.Trt.I Projected Section 3.3 Secondary Current Treatment Level Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 10 COCHISE COUNTY PIMA COUNTY 83 Sonoita Elgin 82 SANTA CRUZ COUNTY Patagonia 0 3 6 Miles Demand Centers Agriculture M&I - High Intensity M&I - Low Intensity Figure 3.3-10 Cienega Creek Basin Cultural Water Demands c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES COUNTY Interstate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place Primary Data Source: USGS National Gap Analysis Program, 2004 Section 3.3 DRAFT Cienega Creek Basin 156 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.3.9 Water Adequacy Determinations in the Cienega Creek Basin Water adequacy determination information including the subdivision name, location, number of lots, adequacy determination, reason for the inadequacy determination, date of determination and subdivision water provider are shown in Table 3.3-10. Figure 3.3-11 shows the locations of subdivisions keyed to the Table. A description of the Water Adequacy Program is found in Volume 1, Appendix A. Adequacy determination data sources and methods are found in Volume 1, Sections 1.3.1. • • • • • A total of 12 water adequacy determinations have been made through May, 2005. Eight determinations of inadequacy have been made, all in the vicinity of Sonoita and Patagonia. All eight determinations of inadequacy were because the applicant chose not to submit necessary information and/or available hydrologic data was insufficient to make a determination. One inadequacy determination was also due to poor water quality. The number of lots receiving a water adequacy determination, by county, are: County Cochise Santa Cruz 157 Number of Subdivision Lots 269 172 Number of Lots Determined to be Adequate 269 20 Percent Adequate 100 12 Section 3.3 Cienega Creek Basin DRAFT Santa Cruz Santa Cruz Mesa, The Mescal Lakes # 4, 5 Ranch Oass Red Mountan Mesas Development 2 3 4 5 Section 3.3 DRAFT Cochse Emprta Hghlands at the J - 6 Ranch 1 Cochse Sonota Estates Sonota Hlls Sonota Meadows Starr Vew Estates Valley of Thousand Oaks 7 8 9 10 11 12 22 South 20 South 20 South 20 South 20 South 17 South 22 South 22 South 20 South 17 South 22 South 17 South Township 15 East 17 East 16 East 17 East 17 East 19 East 16 East 16 East 17 East 19 East 16 East 19 East Range Location 24 20 25 20, 29, 32 28, 33 7 5, 8, 9 7, 18 19, 20 7, 8 7, 18 19 Section 11 20 24 31 NA 61 29 44 13 117 NA 91 No. of Lots 22-400866 22-300122 22-400432 ADWR File 2 No. Inadequate Adequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate Adequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate Adequate Inadequate Adequate ADWR Adequacy Determination A1, C A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 Reason(s) for Inadequacy Determination3 10/16/80 08/06/79 04/11/84 10/10/94 12/18/89 01/24/03 07/07/82 04/01/81 03/22/96 08/21/73 06/22/89 12/08/00 Subdvson Wells Dry Lot Subdvson Dry Lot Subdvson Dry Lot Subdvson Dry Lot Subdvson Unformed Homeowners Assocaton Redrock Acres Homeowners Assocaton Mescal Lakes Water System Dry Lot Subdvson Verde Utltes Dry Lot Subdvson Anderson Water Company Date of Water Provider at the Determination Time of Application Cienega Creek Basin Notes: 1 Each determnaton of the adequacy of water supples avalable to a subdvson s based on the nformaton avalable to ADWR and the standards of revew and polces n effect at the tme the determnaton was made. In some cases, ADWR mght make a dfferent determnaton f a smlar applcaton were submtted today, based on the hydrologc data and other nformaton currently avalable, as well as current rules and polces. 2 Pror to February 1995, ADWR dd not assgn fle numbers to applcatons for adequacy determnaton. 3 A. Physcal/Contnuous 1) Insuffcent Data (applcant chose not to submt necessary nformaton, and/or avalable hydrologc data nsuffcent to make determnaton) 2) Insuffcent Supply (exstng water supply unrelable or physcally unavable;for groundwater, depth-to-water exceeds crtera) 3) Insuffcent Infrastructure (dstrbuton system s nsuffcent to meet demands or applcant proposed water haulng) B. Legal (applcant faled to demonstrate a legal rght to use the water or faled to demonstrate the provder's legal authorty to serve the subdvson) C. Water Qualty D. Unable to locate records NA= Data not currently avalable to ADWR Santa Cruz Santa Cruz Santa Cruz Santa Cruz Santa Cruz Santa Cruz Red Rock Acres Rollng Hlls Subdvson Lots 1 - 61 6 Cochse Santa Cruz County Subdivision Name Map Key Table 3.3-10 Adequacy Determinations in the Cienega Creek Basin1 158 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R18E T16S 10 3, 7 1 COCHISE COUNTY R16E T18S PIMA COUNTY 83 T20S Sonoita 10 4 9 11 Elgin 8 SANTA CRUZ COUNTY 82 Patagonia 6 2, 5 T22S 12 Adequacy Determinations 0 3 6 Miles Adequate Inadequate Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments Figure 3.3-11 Cienega Creek Basin Adequacy Determinations 159 COUNTY Interstate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.3 Cienega Creek Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 CIENEGA CREEK BASIN References and Supplemental Reading References A Anderson, T.W., and Freethey, G.W., 1995, Simulation of groundwater flow in alluvial basins in south central Arizona and parts of adjacent states: USGS Professional Paper 1406-D. Anning, D.W. and Duet, N.R., 1994, Summary of ground-water conditions in Arizona, 1987-90, USGS Open-file Report 94-476. Arizona Corporation Commission, 2005, Annual Reports, Private sewer companies, 1990 to 2005: ACC Utilities Division. _____, 2005, Annual reports, Small water providers, 1990 to 2005: ACC Utilities Division. *Arizona Department of Economic Security, 2005, Workforce Informer: Data file, accessed August 2005, http://www.workforce.az.gov. Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, 2005, Active dairy farms & feedlots: Data file, received October 2005. *____, 2005, ADEQSWI: Data file, received September 2005. *____, 2005, ADEQWATP: Data file, received May 2005. *____, 2005, ADEQWWTP: Data file, received August 2005. *____, 2005, Azurite: Data file, received September 2005. *____, 2005, Effluent dependent waters: GIS cover, received December 2005. *____, 2005, Impaired lakes and reaches: GIS cover, received January 2006. _____, 2005, Surface water sources used by water providers: Data file, received June 2005. *____, 2005, WWTP and permit files: Miscellaneous working files, received July 2005. *____, 2004, Water providers with arsenic concentrations in wells over 10ppb: Data file, received August 2004. *____, 2004, Water quality exceedences by watershed: Data file, received June 2004. *____, 2004, Water quality exceedences for drinking water providers in Arizona: Data file, received September 2004. * Arizona Department of Mines and Mineral Resources (ADMMR), 2005, Active mines in Arizona: Database, accessed at http:// www.admmr.state.az.us. * Arizona Department of Water Resources, 2006, Assured and adequate water supply applications: Project files, ADWR Hydrology Division. _____, 2005, Agricultural Surface Water Use Estimates: Unpublished analysis, ADWR Office of Resource Assessment Planning. *____, 2005, Automated recorder sites: Data files, ADWR Basic Data Unit. _____, 2005, 2004 rural water provider questionnaire: Data files, ADWR Office of Resource Assessment Planning. *____, 2005, Assured and adequate water supply determinations: Database, ADWR Office of Assured and Adequate Water Supply. All references marked with an asterisk contain information that was directly used in the basin summaries, tables or maps. Section 3.3 DRAFT Cienega Creek Basin 160 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 *____, 2005, Flood warning gages: Database, ADWR Office of Water Engineering. _____, 2005, Inspected dams: Database, ADWR Office of Dam Safety. _____, 2005, Non-jurisdictional dams: Database, ADWR Office of Dam Safety. *____, 2005, Groundwater Site Inventory (GWSI): Database, ADWR Hydrology Division. _____, 2005, Registry of surface water rights: ADWR Office of Water Management. _____, 2005, Water use by golf courses in rural Arizona: Unpublished analysis, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 2005, Wells55: Database. _____, 2004, Rural Water Resources 2003 Questionnaire Report: Rural water resources study, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 2002, Groundwater quality exceedences in rural Arizona from 1975 to 2001: Data file, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 1994, Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Vol. I, Inventory and Analysis. *____, 1994, Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Vol. II, Hydrologic Summary. *Arizona Game and Fish Department, 2005, Arizona Waterways: Data file, received April 2005. *____, 1997 & 1993, Statewide riparian inventory and mapping project: GIS cover. _____, 1982, Arizona Lakes Classification Study. * Arizona Land Resource Information System (ALRIS), 2005, Surface Beneficiaries, GIS cover, accessed September 2006 at http://sco.az.gov/website/parcels/viewer.htm *____,2005, Springs: GIS cover, accessed January 2006 at http://www.land.state.az.us /alris/index.html. * Arizona Land Resource Information System (ALRIS), 2005, Streams: GIS cover, accessed 2005 at http://www.land.state.az.us/alris/index.html. * Arizona Land Resource Information System (ALRIS), 2005, Water features: GIS cover, accessed July 2005 at http://www.land.state.az.us/alris/index.html. * Arizona Land Resource Information System (ALRIS), 2004, Land ownership: GIS cover, accessed in 2004 at http://www.land.state.az.us /alris/index.html. Arizona Meteorological Network (AZMET), 2005, Arizona climate stations: Pan evaporation date, accessed December 2005 at http://www.ag.arizona.edu/ azmet/locate.html. * Arizona Water Commission, 1975, Summary, Phase I, Arizona State Water Plan, Inventory of resource and uses. D * Diroll, M., and Marsh, D., 2006, Status of water quality in Arizona-2004 integrated 305(b) assessment and 303(d) listing report: ADEQ report. E Environmental Protection Agency, 2005, Surf Your Watershed: Facility reports, accessed April 2005 at http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/ef_home2.water. _____, 2005, 2000 and 1996, Clean Watershed Needs Survey: datasets, accessed March 2005 at http://www.epa.gov/owm/mtb /cwns/index.htm. F *Fisk, G.G., Duet, D.W., Evans, C.E., Angernoth, N.K., and Longsworth, S.A., 2004, Water Resources Data, Arizona Water Year 2003: USGS Water-Data Report AZ-03-1. 161 Section 3.3 Cienega Creek Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 *Fluid Solutions, 2005 Hydrologic Study - Smith Ranch Master Planned Community. Haley & Aldrich Inc., 2000, Hydrologic Study, Empirita Highlands at the J-6 Ranch, Cochise/ Pima County Arizona. *Freethey, G.W. and Anderson, T.W. 1986, Predevelopment hydrologic conditions in the alluvial basins of Arizona and adjacent parts of California and New Mexico: USGS Hydrologic Investigations Atlas-HA664. K Konieczki, A.D. and Wilson, R.P., 1992, Annual summary of ground-water conditions in Arizona, spring 1986 to spring 1987: USGS Open File Report 92-54. M McCormack, H.F., Fisk, G.G., Duet, N.R., Evans, D.W., Roberts, W.P., and Castillo, N.K., 2002, Water resources data Arizona, water year 2002: USGS Water Data Report AZ-02-1. *Montgomery & Assoc., 1999, Hydrological investigations of groundwater movement and sources of base flow to Sonoita Creek near Patagonia Arizona, Santa Cruz County, Arizona. *Murphy, B.A., and Hedley, J.D., 1984, Map showing groundwater conditions in the Upper Santa Cruz Basin area, Pima, Santa Cruz, Pinal, and Cochise counties Arizona 1982: ADWR Hydrologic Map Series # 11. N Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), 2005, SNOTEL (Snowpack Telemetry) stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www3.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov/ nwcc/ sntlsites.jsp?state=AZ. _____, 2005, Snow Course stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www.wcc.nrcs. usda.gov/nwcc/snow-course-sites.jsp?state=AZ O *Oregon State University, Spatial Climate Analysis Service (SCAS), 2006, Average annual precipitation in Arizona for 1961-1990: PRISM GIS cover, accessed in 2006 at www.ocs. orst.edu/prism. P *Pope, G.L., Rigas, P.D., and Smith, C.F., 1998, Statistical summaries of streamflow data and characteristics of drainage basins for selected streamflow-gaging stations in Arizona through water year 1996: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 98-4225. S Sundie, D.W., 1990, Draft outline of basin profiles for the state water assessment: ADWR Statewide Planning Division, Memorandum to L. Linser, January, 16, 1990. T *Tadayon, S., 2004, Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectric-power, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of the active management areas, 1991-2000: USGS Section 3.3 DRAFT Cienega Creek Basin 162 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5293, 27 pp. U US Army Corps of Engineers, 2004 and 2005, National Inventory of Dams: Arizona Dataset, accessed November 2004 to April 2005 at http://crunch.tec.army.mil/nid /webpages/nid. cfm * US Geological Survey, 2006, Average annual runoff in the United States, 1951-1980: Data file, accessed March 2006 at http://water.usgs.gov/GIS/ metadata/usgswrd/XML/ runoff.xml#stdorder. *____, 2006, Springs and spring discharges: Dataset, received November 2004 and January 2006 from USGS office in Tucson, AZ. *____, 2006, National Hydrography Dataset: Arizona dataset, accessed at http://nhd.usgs.gov/. *____, 2005, National Water Information System (NWIS): Arizona dataset, accessed December 2005 at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis. *____, 2005, Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectric-power, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of the active management areas, 2000-2005: Data file, received December 2005. *____, 2004, Southwest Regional Gap analysis study- land cover descriptions: Electronic file, accessed January 2005 at http://earth.gis.usu.edu/swgap. *____, 1981, Geographic digital data for 1:500,000 scale maps: USGS National Mapping Program Data Users Guide. V Valencia, R.A., Wennerlund, J.A., Winstead, R.A., Woods, S., Riley, L., Swanson, E., and Olson, S., 1993, Arizona riparian inventory and mapping project: Arizona Game and Fish Department. W Wahl, C.R., Boe, S.R., Wennerlund, R.A., Winstead, R.A., Allison, L.J., Kubly, D.M., 1997, Remote sensing mapping of Arizona intermittent stream riparian areas: Arizona Game and Fish Technical Report 112. Water Infrastructure Finance Authority of Arizona (WIFA), 2005, Clean Watershed Needs Survey-2004: Unpublished data sheets, received July 2005. Western Regional Climate Center (WRCC), 2005, Pan evaporation stations: Data file accessed December 2005 at http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwDI~GetCity~USA. _____, 2005, Precipitation and temperature stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwDI~GetCity~USA. Wilson, R.P., 1992, Summary of groundwater conditions in Arizona 1985 to 1986: USGS Water Resources Investigation Report, 90-4179. Supplemental Reading Arizona Geological Survey, 1996, Refinement of geologic model, lower Cienega basin Pima County, Arizona: Arizona Water Protection Fund Project 95-016. 163 Section 3.3 Cienega Creek Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Blomgren, N.F., 1999, Water Law and Policy in the Sonoita Creek Basin: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. Bota, L., 1997, Modeling of Groundwater Flow and Surface/Groundwater Interaction for Upper Cienega Creek Basin: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. Bureau of Reclamation, 1990, Upper Gila water supply analyses and sizing studies: Arizona Projects Office, draft report, April 1990. Chong-Diaz, D., 1995, Modeling of Stream Aquifer Interaction in Lower Cienega Creek Basin Using a Finite Element Technique: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. Ellett, W.J., 1994, Geologic Controls on the Occurrence and Movement of Water in the Lower Cienega Creek Basin: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. Gangadean, D., 1999, Storm Response of Sonoita Creek Watershed: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. Gebler, J. B., 1998, Water quality of selected effluent dependent stream reaches in southern Arizona as indicated by concentrations of periphytic chlorophyll a and aquatic invertebrate communities: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 98-4199, 12 p. Grahn, H.L., 1995, A Hydrogeochemical Evaluation of the Lower Cienega Creek Sub-Basin, Pima County, Arizona: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. Hess, G.S., Zucker, C.L., Karrer, C.A., Kusher, G.F., Radtke, D.B., 1998, Groundwater and streamflow monitoring in the Cienega Creek Nature Preserve, Pima County, Arizona: in Water at the Confluence of Science, Law and Public Policy: Proceedings from the 11th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 1998, Tucson, Arizona, p. 92. Huth, H.J., 1997, Hydrogeochemical Modeling of Western Mountain Front Recharge, Upper Cienega Creek Sub-Basin, Pima County, Arizona: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. Knight, E.L., 1996, A Water Budget and Land Management Recommendations for Upper Cienega Creek Basin: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. Matt, C.E., 1995, Water Resource Administration of Lower Cienega Creek near Tucson: University of Arizona, M. S. thesis. Morton, E.S., 2001, Arid lands, watersheds, and mining: Sonoita Creek watershed: In Proceedings from the 14th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 2001, Tucson, Arizona, p. 119. Nature Conservancy, 1999, Hydrogeologic investigation of groundwater movement and sources Section 3.3 DRAFT Cienega Creek Basin 164 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 of base flow to Sonoita Creek and implementation of long term monitoring program: Arizona Water Protection Fund Project 96-0006. Roudebush, E.M., 1996, The Influence of Bedrock on Perennial Stream flow in the Upper Cienega Creek Basin, Pima County, Arizona: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis Williams, M.D., 1996, Evapotranspiration in Southeast Arizona Semi-Arid Watersheds: Walnut Gulch and Cienega Creek: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. Zucker, C., 2004. Geologic influences on the hydrology of Cienega Creek: in The Value of Water; Proceedings from the 17th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 2004, Tucson Arizona. 165 Section 3.3 Cienega Creek Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Cienega Creek Basin Index to Section 3.0 Hydrology 6, 7 Environmental Conditions Water Protection Fund Programs 13 Conservation Areas, Refuges and Preserves 19 Population 22 Water Supply Groundwater 24 Cultural Water Demand Municipal Demand 31, 32 Agricultural Demand 37 Industrial Demand 39 Water Resource Issues in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Issue Surveys 45, 47 Section 3.3 DRAFT Cienega Creek Basin 166 Section 3.4 Donnelly Wash Basin Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.4.1 Geography of the Donnelly Wash Basin The Donnelly Wash Basin is a small, 293 square mile basin in the northwestern portion of the planning area. Geographic features and principal communities are shown on Figure 3.4-1. The basin is characterized by low elevation hills, washes, canyons and desert scrub vegetation. • Principal geographic features shown on Figure 3.4-1 are: o Principal basin locations of Cochran and Beehive Tank. This basin does not contain any documented population centers, therefore two prominent places are used as geographic references. o Gila River, which runs east-west through Cochran o Box Canyon and Walnut Canyon entering from the north and terminating at the Gila River o Donnelly Wash, Cottonwood Wash and Box Wash, which run roughly parallel to each other south of Cochran • Not well shown on Figure 3.4-1 are the Ninety-Six Hills along the southwest boundary, which include the highest point in the basin at 4,420 feet. 168 Section 3.4 Donnelly Wash Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 T 2S R12E Cochran ! T 4S PINAL COUNTY R14E T 6S ! 0 3 ¨ c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Base Map: USGS 1:500,000, 1981 Section 3.4 DRAFT Donnelly Wash Basin Beehive Tank 6 Miles City, Town or Place ! Figure 3.4-1 Donnelly Wash Basin Geographic Features 169 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.4.2 Land Ownership in the Donnelly Wash Basin Land ownership, including the percentage of ownership in each category, is shown for the Donnelly Wash Basin in Figure 3.4-2. Principal features of land ownership in this basin are the significant amount of state trust land, the band of Bureau of Reclamation land and the scattered Bureau of Land Management lands. A description of land ownership data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.8. Land ownership categories are discussed below in the order of percentage from largest to smallest in the basin. State Trust • 50.5% of land in this basin is held in trust predominantly for public schools and to a lesser extent the hospital for disabled miners. • The southern portion of the basin contains a sizeable contiguous portion of state owned land. • The center and northern portion of the basin contain trust lands that are in more of a checkerboard pattern among Bureau of Land Management and Bureau of Reclamation lands. • Primary land use is grazing. U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) • 30.2% of land is federally owned and managed by the Safford Field Office of the Bureau of Land Management. • Primary land use is grazing Other (Game and Fish, County and Bureau of Reclamation Lands) • 11.5% of land is federally owned and managed by the Bureau of Reclamation. • This land flanks the Gila River and extends south of Cochran. • Primary land use is for water delivery. Private • 6.2% of land is private. • Private land is scattered in small parcels throughout the basin, with a few in-holdings in BLM lands in the northern portion of the basin. • Primary land uses are domestic and ranching. National Forest and Wilderness • 1.6% of the land is federally owned and managed as national forest and wilderness. • The basin includes the Globe Ranger District in the Tonto National Forest. • Primary land uses are grazing and recreation. 170 Section 3.4 Donnelly Wash Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 TONTO NATIONAL FOREST T 2S R12E 177 177 Cochran T 4S ce -K H wy PINAL COUNTY e Fl o r el vin n R14E T 6S Beehive Tank 0 c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Source: ALRIS , 2004 Section 3.4 DRAFT Donnelly Wash Basin 3 6 Miles Figure 3.4-2 Donnelly Wash Basin Land Ownership Land Ownership (Percentage in Basin) State Trust (50.5%) U.S. Bureau of Land Management (30.2%) Other (Game & Fish, County and Bureau of Reclamation Lands) (11.5%) Private (6.2%) National Forest & Wilderness (1.6%) Major Road City, Town or Place 171 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.4.3 Climate of the Donnelly Wash Basin The Donnelly Wash Basin does not contain any NOAA/NWS Coop Network, Evaporation Pan, AZMET or SNOTEL/Snowcourse stations. The precipitation figures shown in Figure 3.4-3 are from the Spatial Climatic Analysis Service at Oregon State University. A description of this and other climate data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.3. Average Annual Precipitation • Average annual precipitation is as high as 20 inches at the northeastern-most tip of the basin. • Average annual precipitation is as low as 12 inches in the vicinity of the Gila River. • Rainfall is lowest in and around the Gila River and increases north and south of the River. • This basin contains a relatively small range of precipitation, only about 12 inches separates areas of highest precipitation from the lowest. 172 Section 3.4 Donnelly Wash Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.4-1. Climate Data for the Donnelly Wash Basin A.NOAA/NWS Co-op Network: Elevation (in feet) Station Name Average Temperature Range (in F) Period of Record Used for Averages Max/Month Min/Month Average Total Precipitation (in inches) Winter Spring Summer Fall Annual None Source: WRCC, 2003. B. Evaporation Pan: Elevation (in feet) Station Name Period of Record Avg. Annual Evap Used for (in inches) Averages None Source: WRCC, 2003. C. AZMET: Station Name Elevation (in feet) Period of Record Average Annual Reference Evaportranspiration, in inches Used for (number of years to calculate averages ) Averages None Source: Arzona Meteorologcal Network, 2005 D. SNOTEL/Snowcourse: Station Name Elevation (in feet) Period of Record Used for Averages Average Snowpack, at Beginning of the Month, as Inches Snow Water Content (Number of measurements to calculate average) Jan. Feb. March April May June None Source: Natural Resources Conservaton Servce, 2005 Section 3.4 DRAFT Donnelly Wash Basin 173 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 T 2S 20 R12E 16 18 177 12 Cochran T 4S 14 H wy PINAL COUNTY e -K 12 vi n nc 14 F l o re el 16 18 R14E T 6S Beehive Tank Average Annual Precipitation (1961-1990) inches per year 10-12 12-14 0 3 6 Miles 14-16 16-18 18-20 c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Precipitation Data Source: Oregon State University, 1998 174 Figure 3.4-3 Donnelly Wash Basin Meteorological Stations and Annual Precipitation 20-22 Precipitation Contour 12 Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.4 Donnelly Wash Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.4.4 Surface Water Conditions in the Donnelly Wash Basin There are no streamflow data or flood ALERT equipment in this basin. Reservoir and stockpond data, including maximum storage or maximum surface area, are shown in Table 3.4-4. The USGS annual runoff contours as well as stream channels are shown on Figure 3.4-4. A description of stream data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.16. A description of reservoir data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.11. A description of stockpond data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.15. Reservoirs and Stockponds • Refer to Table 3.4-4. • Surface water is stored or could be stored in two small reservoirs in the basin. • Total surface area for the reservoirs is 10 acres. • There are an estimated 89 stockponds in this basin. Runoff Contour • Refer to Figure 3.4-4. • Average annual runoff is 0.5 inches per year in this basin. Section 3.4 DRAFT Donnelly Wash Basin 175 176 Station Number USGS Station Name Contributing Mean Basin Drainage Elevation (in feet) 2 Area (in mi ) Period of Record Winter None Spring Summer Fall Average Seasonal Flow (% of annual flow) Median Section 3..4 Mean Donnelly Wash Basin DRAFT Years of Annual Flow Maximum Record Annual Flow/Year (in acre-feet) Minimum Table 3.4-2 Streamflow Data for the Donnelly Wash Basin Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.4-3 Flood ALERT Equipment in the Donnelly Wash Basin Station Name Station ID Station Type Install Date Responsibility None Section 3.4 DRAFT Donnelly Wash Basin 177 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.4-4 Reservoirs and Stockponds in the Donnelly Wash Basin A. Large Reservoirs (500 acre-feet capacity and greater) MAP KEY RESERVOIR/LAKE NAME (Name of dam, if different) OWNER/OPERATOR MAXIMUM STORAGE (AF) USE JURISDICTION USE JURISDICTION None dentfed by ADWR at ths tme B. Other Large Reservoirs (50 acre surface area or greater)1 MAP KEY RESERVOIR/LAKE NAME (Name of dam, if different) MAXIMUM OWNER/OPERATOR SURFACE AREA (acres) None dentfed by ADWR at ths tme C. Small Reservoirs (greater than 15 acre-feet and less than 500 acre-feet capacity) Total number: 0 Total maximum storage: 0 acre-feet D. Other Small Reservoirs (between 5 and 50 acres surface area)1 Total number: 2 Total surface area: 10 acres E. Stockponds (up to 15 acre-feet capacity) Total number: 89 (from water right filings) Notes: Capacty data not avalable to ADWR 1 178 Section 3.4 Donnelly Wash Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 T 2S R12E 177 e Riv Gila r Cochran 0.5 ce -K H wy PINAL COUNTY e Fl o r Co Wa s h n Co tto nw oo d in elv Ripsey Was T 4S nn ell y Wa sh Do nn ell y W as h h g Bi O W h as R14E T 6S Ci rcl Beehive Tank eS as W h 0 3 6 Miles USGS Annual Runoff Contour for 1951-1980 (in inches) c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Stream Data Source: ALRIS, 2005 Section 3.4 DRAFT Donnelly Wash Basin Figure 3.4-4 Donnelly Wash Basin Surface Water Conditions 2 Stream Channel (width of line reflects stream order) Major Road City, Town or Place 179 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.4.5 Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major Springs in the Donnelly Wash Basin The locations of perennial and intermittent streams are shown on Figure 3.4-5. There are no identified major or minor springs in this basin. A description of data sources and methods for intermittent and perennial reaches is found in Volume 1, 1.3.16. A description of spring data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.14. • • • • 180 There are no perennial streams in this basin. There are a number of intermittent streams, including the Gila River, in the northern portion of the basin. The Gila River is considered an intermittent stream because its flow is controlled by releases from Coolidge Dam to meet legal obligations. No major or minor springs have been identified by the Department at this time. The total number of springs identified by the USGS varies from 12 to 14, depending on the database reference. Section 3.4 Donnelly Wash Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.4-5 Springs in the Donnelly Wash Basin A. Major Springs (10 gpm or greater): Map Key Locaton Name Lattude Dscharge Longtude (n gpm) Date Dscharge Measured None dentfed by ADWR at ths tme B. Minor Springs (1 to 10 gpm): Locaton Name Lattude Dscharge Longtude (n gpm) Date Dscharge Measured None dentfed by ADWR at ths tme C. Total number of springs, regardless of discharge, identified by USGS (see ALRIS, 2005 and NHD, 2006): 12 to 14 Section 3.4 DRAFT Donnelly Wash Basin 181 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 tC 177 nu Box C anyon W al n yo an Gil a R iv er Hw y Cochran e- K PINAL COUNTY Fl o r e in elv nc Beehive Tank 0 c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Stream Data Source: AGFD, 1993 & 1997 182 3 6 Miles Figure 3.4-5 Donnelly Wash Basin Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major (>10 gpm) Springs Intermittent Streams Perennial Streams Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.4 Donnelly Wash Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.4.6 Groundwater Conditions of the Donnelly Wash Basin Major aquifers, well yields, estimated natural recharge, estimated water in storage, number of index wells and date of last water-level sweep are shown in Table 3.4-6. Figure 3.4-6 shows aquifer flow direction and water-level change between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004. Figure 3.4-7 contains hydrographs for selected wells shown on Figure 3.4-6. Figure 3.4-8 shows well yields in three yield categories. A description of aquifer data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.2. A description of well data sources and methods, including water-level changes and well yields is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.19. Major Aquifers • Refer to Table 3.4-6 and Figure 3.4-6. • The major aquifer in the basin is a narrow strip of basin fill. • Flow direction is from the southeast to the northwest. Well Yields • Refer to Table 3.4-6 and Figure 3.4-8. • As shown on Figure 3.4-8 well yields in this basin range from less than 100 gallons per minute (gpm) to 1,000 gpm. • One source of well yield information, based on four reported wells, indicates that the median well yield in this basin is 62.5 gpm. Natural Recharge • Refer to Table 3.4-6. • The only natural recharge estimate for this basin is 3,000 acre-feet per year. This estimate is from 1986. Water in Storage • Refer to Table 3.4-6. • There are three storage estimates for this basin, ranging from 140,000 acre-feet to two million acre-feet to a depth of 1,200 feet. The most recent estimate, from a 1994 ADWR study, indicates the basin has 140,000 acre-feet in storage to a depth of 1,200 feet. • The predevelopment storage estimate is less than one million acre-feet. Water Level • Refer to Figure 3.4-6. Water level is shown for a well measured in 2003-2004. • There are no index wells in this basin. • In 1996, the year of the last water level sweep, 25 wells were measured. • The only 2003-2004 recorded water level in the basin is 35 feet northwest of Beehive Tank. • A hydrograph corresponding to this well is shown in Figure 3.4-7. Section 3.4 DRAFT Donnelly Wash Basin 183 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.4-6 Groundwater Data for the Donnelly Wash Basin Basin Area, in square miles: 293 Name and/or Geologic Units Basn Fll Major Aquifer(s): Well Yields, in gal/min: Estimated Natural Recharge, in acre-feet: Estimated Water Currently in Storage, in acre-feet: NA Measured by ADWR and/or USGS Range 3 - 2,600 Medan 62.5 (4 wells reprted) Reported on regstraton forms for large (> 10-nch) dameter wells NA ADWR (1990 and 1994) Range 0 - 500 Annng and Duet, USGS (1994) 3,000 Freethey and Anderson (1986) 140,000 (to 1,200 ft) ADWR (1994) <1,000,0001 (to 1,200 ft) Freethey and Anderson (1986) 2,000,000 (to 1,200 ft) Arzona Water Commsson (1975) Current Number of Index Wells: 0 Date of Last Water-level Sweep: 1996 (25 wells measured) Notes: NA = Not Avalable 1 Predevelopment Estmate 184 Section 3.4 Donnelly Wash Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 T 2S R12E 177 Cochran ce -K H wy T 4S Fl o r e 35 n in elv PINAL COUNTY A R14E T 6S Beehive Tank Water-level change in feet between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004 0 3 6 Miles H 375 number is depth to water in feet letter is hydrograph Change Data Not Available Generalized Flow Direction Figure 3.4-6 Donnelly Wash Basin Groundwater Conditions ARIZONA O DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES c Section 3.4 DRAFT Donnelly Wash Basin Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments Major Road City, Town or Place 185 Depth To Water In Feet Below Land Surface Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 186 DONNELLY WASH Figure 3.4-7BASIN HYDROGRAPH SHOWING DEPTH Donnelly Wash Basin TO WATER INDepth SELECTED Hydrographs Showing to WaterWELLS in Selected Wells 0 A WELL DEPTH: 26.6 ft USE: UNUSED recent stream alluvium D-06-12 04ADA1 50 1975 1985 1995 2005 YEAR Section 3.4 Donnelly Wash Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 T 2S R12E 177 Cochran in el v ce -K H wy T 4S Fl o r en PINAL COUNTY R14E T 6S Beehive Tank 0 3 6 Miles Well Yields Between 500 and 1000 gals/min Between 100 and 500 gals/min Less than 100 gals/min Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Figure 3.4-8 Donnelly Wash Basin Well Yields ARIZONA O DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES c Section 3.4 DRAFT Donnelly Wash Basin Unconsolidated Sediments Major Road City, Town or Place 187 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.4.7 Water Quality of the Donnelly Wash Basin Drinking water standard exceedences in wells, springs and mine sites including location and parameter(s) exceeded are shown in Table 3.4-7A. There are no data on impaired lakes and streams in this basin. Figure 3.4-9 shows the location of exceedences keyed to Table 3.4-7A. A description of water quality data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.18. Not all parameters were measured at all sites; selective sampling for particular constituents is common. Wells, Springs and Mines • Refer to Table 3.4-7A. • Drinking water standard exceedences in wells and springs have been reported for five sites in the basin. • Three of the water standard exceedences were at wells and two were at springs. • The parameters exceeded in the sites measured in this basin were arsenic, fluoride and nitrates. The sites are distributed throughout the basin. 188 Section 3.4 Donnelly Wash Basin DRAFT Section 3..4 DRAFT Well Sprng Sprng Well Well 1 2 3 4 5 Site Type Site Name 7 South 5 South 4 South 4 South 3 South Township 5 7 9 31 24 Section None dentfed by ADWR at ths tme Length of Impaired Area of Impaired Lake Stream Reach (in (in acres) miles) 14 East 13 East 13 East 12 East 12 East Site Location Range Donnelly Wash Basin Notes: Because of map scale feature locatons may appear dfferent than the locaton ndcated on the table 1 Water qualty samples collected between 1996 and 2000. 2 As = Arsenc F = Fluorde NO3 = Ntrate/Ntrte Map Key B. Lakes and Streams Site Type Map Key A. Wells, Springs and Mines Designated Use Standard NO3 NO3 F F As Parameter(s) Exceeding Use Standard Parameter(s) Exceeding Drinking Water Standard2 Table 3.4-7 Water Quality Exceedences in the Donnelly Wash Basin1 189 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 T 2S R12E 177 1 3 Cochran T 4S ce -K H wy PINAL COUNTY 2 Fl o r e in elv n 4 R14E T 6S Beehive Tank 5 0 3 6 Miles Well , Spring or Mine Site with Recorded MCL Exceedence c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES 190 Figure 3.4-9 Donnelly Wash Basin Water Quality Conditions 1 Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.4 Donnelly Wash Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.4.8 Cultural Water Demands in the Donnelly Wash Basin Cultural water demand data including population, number of wells and the average well pumpage and surface water diversions by the municipal, industrial and agricultural sectors are shown in Table 3.4-8. There is no recorded effluent generation in this basin. The USGS National Gap Analysis Program, the source of cultural demand map data, showed no demand centers for this basin. A description of cultural water demand data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.5. More detailed information on cultural water demands is found in Section 3.0.7. Cultural Water Demands • Refer to Table 3.4-8. • Population in this basin is small, with 165 residents in 2000. Projections suggest an increase in population through 2050. • Groundwater pumping remained constant from 1971 to 2003 with less than 300 acre-feet pumped per year. • All water use in this basin is groundwater, there are no recorded surface-water diversions. • Municipal demand is the only water demand in this basin and is minimal, less than 300 acre-feet per year. • As of 2003 there were 112 registered wells with a pumping capacity of less than or equal to 35 gallons per minute and seven wells with a pumping capacity of more than 35 gallons per minute. Section 3.4 DRAFT Donnelly Wash Basin 191 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 1 Table 3.4-8 Cultural Water Demands in the Donnelly Wash Basin Year Average Annual Demand (in acre-feet) Recent Number of Registered Water (Census) and Supply Wells Drilled Well Pumpage Surface-Water Diversions Projected (DES) Q < 35 gpm Q > 35 gpm Municipal Industrial Irrigation Municipal Industrial Irrigation Population 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 27 1981 35 1982 43 1983 52 1984 60 1985 68 1986 76 1987 85 1988 93 1989 101 1990 109 1991 115 1992 120 1993 126 1994 132 1995 137 1996 143 1997 148 1998 154 1999 159 2000 165 2001 169 2002 173 2003 177 2010 205 2020 245 2030 285 2040 325 365 2050 ADDITIONAL WELLS: 3 WELL TOTALS: 842 <300 NR <300 NR Data Source 72 ADWR (1994) USGS (2005) 2 0 <300 NR 0 0 <300 NR 8 0 <300 NR NR NR 12 0 <300 NR NR NR 5 0 <300 NR NR NR 1 112 7 USGS (2005) Notes: NR = Not reported 1 Does not nclude evaporaton losses from stockponds and reservors. 2 Includes all wells through June 1980. 3 Other water-supply wells are lsted n the ADWR Well Regstry for ths basn, but they do not have completon dates. These wells are summed here. 192 Section 3.4 Donnelly Wash Basin DRAFT City/Location Served Donnelly Wash Basin Ownership Section 3..4 DRAFT Facility Name Population Served Watercourse Golf Evaporation Irrigation Course/Turf Pond Irrigation Wildlife Area Disposal Method No Wastewater Treatment Facltes Identfed by ADWR n ths Basn Volume Treated/Generated (acre-feet/year) Discharge to Another Facility Table 3.5-9 Effluent Generation in the Donnelly Wash Basin Groundwater Recharge Current Treatment Level Year of Record 193 Population Not Served Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.4.9 Water Adequacy Determinations in the Donnelly Wash Basin Water adequacy determination information including the subdivision name, location, number of lots, adequacy determination, reason for the inadequacy determination, date of determination and subdivision water provider are shown in Table 3.4-10. Figure 3.4-10 shows the locations of subdivisions keyed to the Table. A description of the Water Adequacy Program is found in Volume 1, Appendix A. Adequacy determination data sources and methods are found in Volume 1, Sections 1.3.1 • • • 194 One water adequacy determination has been made in this basin through May, 2005. This determination was of inadequacy near the center of the basin south of the FlorenceKelvin Highway The reason for determination of inadequacy for this 59 lot subdivision is unknown at this time because the Department was unable to locate records. Section 3.4 Donnelly Wash Basin DRAFT Section 3..4 DRAFT Western Sky Arpark Pnal Subdivision Name County 5 South Township 13 East Range Location 17 Section 59 22-400718 No. of ADWR File 2 Lots No. Inadequate ADWR Adequacy Determination D Reason(s) for Inadequacy Determination3 07/07/02 Date of Determination Mescal Lakes Water Systems, Inc. Water Provider at the Time of Application Donnelly Wash Basin Each determnaton of the adequacy of water supples avalable to a subdvson s based on the nformaton avalable to ADWR and the standards of revew and polces n effect at the tme the determnaton was made. In some cases, ADWR mght make a dfferent determnaton f a smlar applcaton were submtted today, based on the hydrologc data and other nformaton currently avalable, as well as current rules and polces. 2 Pror to February 1995, ADWR dd not assgn fle numbers to applcatons for adequacy determnaton. 3 A. Physcal/Contnuous 1) Insuffcent Data (applcant chose not to submt necessary nformaton, and/or avalable hydrologc data nsuffcent to make determnaton) 2) Insuffcent Supply (exstng water supply unrelable or physcally unavable;for groundwater, depth-to-water exceeds crtera) 3) Insuffcent Infrastructure (dstrbuton system s nsuffcent to meet demands or applcant proposed water haulng) B. Legal (applcant faled to demonstrate a legal rght to use the water or faled to demonstrate the provder's legal authorty to serve the subdvson) C. Water Qualty D. Unable to locate records 1 Notes: 1 Map Key Table 3.4-10 Adequacy Determinations in the Donnelly Wash Basin1 195 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 T 2S R12E 177 Cochran PINAL COUNTY e-K T 4S F lo r e i elv nc nH wy 1 R14E T 6S Beehive Tank 0 3 6 Miles Adequacy Determinations Adequate Inadequate Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES 196 Figure 3.4-10 Donnelly Wash Basin Adequacy Determinations Unconsolidated Sediments Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.4 Donnelly Wash Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Donnelly Wash Basin References and Supplemental Reading References A Anderson, T.W., and Freethey, G.W., 1995, Simulation of groundwater flow in alluvial basins in south central Arizona and parts of adjacent states: USGS Professional Paper 1406-D. Anning, D.W. and Duet, N.R., 1994, Summary of ground-water conditions in Arizona, 1987-90, USGS Open-file Report 94-476. Arizona Corporation Commission, 2005, Annual reports, Private sewer companies, 1990 to 2005: ACC Utilities Division. _____, 2005, Annual reports, Small water providers, 1990 to 2005: ACC Utilities Division. *Arizona Department of Economic Security, 2005, Workforce Informer: Data file, accessed August 2005, http://www.workforce.az.gov. Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, 2005, Active dairy farms & feedlots: Data file, received October 2005. _____, 2005, ADEQSWI: Data file, received September 2005. _____, 2005, ADEQWATP: Data file, received May 2005. _____, 2005, ADEQWWTP: Data file, received August 2005. _____, 2005, Azurite: Data file, received September 2005. _____, 2005, Effluent dependent waters: GIS cover, received December 2005. _____, 2005, Impaired lakes and reaches: GIS cover, received January 2006. _____, 2005, Surface water sources used by water providers: Data file, received June 2005. _____, 2005, WWTP and permit files: Miscellaneous working files, received July 2005. *____, 2004, Water providers with arsenic concentrations in wells over 10ppb: Data file, received August 2004. *____, 2004, Water quality exceedences by watershed: Data file, received June 2004. *____, 2004, Water quality exceedences for drinking water providers in Arizona: Data file, received September 2004. Arizona Department of Mines and Mineral Resources (ADMMR), 2005, Active mines in Arizona: Database, accessed at http:// www.admmr.state.az.us. *Arizona Department of Water Resources, 2006, Assured and adequate water supply applications: Project files, ADWR Hydrology Division. _____, 2005, Agricultural Surface Water Use Estimates: Unpublished analysis, ADWR Office of Resource Assessment Planning. _____, 2005, Automated recorder sites: Data files, ADWR Basic Data Unit. _____, 2005, 2004 rural water provider questionnaire: Data files, ADWR Office of Resource Assessment Planning. *____, 2005, Assured and adequate water supply determinations: Database, ADWR Office of Assured and Adequate Water Supply. _____, 2005, Flood warning gages: Database, ADWR Office of Water Engineering. All references marked with an asterisk contain information that was directly used in the basin summaries, tables or maps. Section 3.4 DRAFT Donnelly Wash Basin 197 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 _____, 2005, Inspected dams: Database, ADWR Office of Dam Safety. _____, 2005, Non-jurisdictional dams: Database, ADWR Office of Dam Safety. *____, 2005, Groundwater Site Inventory (GWSI): Database, ADWR Hydrology Division. _____, 2005, Registry of surface water rights: ADWR Office of Water Management. _____, 2005, Water use by golf courses in rural Arizona: Unpublished analysis, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 2005, Wells55: Database. _____, 2004, Rural Water Resources 2003 Questionnaire Report: Rural water resources study, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 2002, Groundwater quality exceedences in rural Arizona from 1975 to 2001: Data file, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 1994, Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Vol. I, Inventory and Analysis. *____, 1994, Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Vol. II, Hydrologic Summary. * Arizona Game and Fish Department, 2005, Arizona Waterways: Data file, received April 2005. *____, 1997 & 1993, Statewide riparian inventory and mapping project: GIS cover. _____, 1982, Arizona Lakes Classification Study. * Arizona Land Resource Information System (ALRIS), 2005, Surface Beneficiaries, GIS cover, accessed September 2006 at http://sco.az.gov/website/parcels/viewer.htm *____, 2005, Springs: GIS cover, accessed January 2006 at http://www.land.state.az. us/alris/index.html. *____, 2005, Streams: GIS cover, accessed 2005 at http://www.land.state.az.us/ alris/index.html. *____, 2005, Water features: GIS cover, accessed July 2005 at http://www.land.state. az.us/alris/ index.html. *____, 2004, Land ownership: GIS cover, accessed in 2004 at http://www.land.state. az.us/ alris/index.html. Arizona Meteorological Network (AZMET), 2005, Arizona climate stations: Pan evaporation date, accessed December 2005 at http://www.ag.arizona.edu/azmet/locate.html. *Arizona Water Commission, 1975, Summary, Phase I, Arizona State Water Plan, Inventory of resource and uses. D Diroll, M., and Marsh, D., 2006, Status of water quality in Arizona-2004 integrated 305(b) assessment and 303(d) listing report: ADEQ report. E Environmental Protection Agency, 2005, Surf Your Watershed: Facility reports, accessed April 2005 at http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/ef_home2.water. _____, 2005, 2000 and 1996, Clean Watershed Needs Survey: datasets, accessed March 2005 at http://www.epa.gov/owm/ mtb/cwns/index.htm. F Fisk, G.G., Duet, D.W., Evans, C.E., Angernoth, N.K., and Longsworth, S.A., 2004, Water Resources Data, Arizona Water Year 2003: USGS Water-Data Report AZ-03-1. *Freethey, G.W. and Anderson, T.W. 1986, Predevelopment hydrologic conditions in the alluvial basins of Arizona and adjacent parts of California and New Mexico: USGS Hydrologic 198 Section 3.4 Donnelly Wash Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Investigations Atlas-HA664. K Konieczki, A.D. and Wilson, R.P., 1992, Annual summary of ground-water conditions in Arizona, spring 1986 to spring 1987: USGS Open File Report 92-54. M McCormack, H.F., Fisk, G.G., Duet, N.R., Evans, D.W., Roberts, W.P., and Castillo, N.K., 2002, Water resources data Arizona, water year 2002: USGS Water Data Report AZ-02-1. N Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), 2005, SNOTEL (Snowpack Telemetry) stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www3.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov/ nwcc/ sntlsites.jsp?state=AZ. _____, 2005, Snow Course stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www.wcc.nrcs. usda.gov/nwcc/snow-course-sites.jsp?state=AZ O *Oregon State University, Spatial Climate Analysis Service (SCAS), 2006, Average annual precipitation in Arizona for 1961-1990: PRISM GIS cover, accessed in 2006 at www.ocs. orst.edu/prism. P Pope, G.L., Rigas, P.D., and Smith, C.F., 1998, Statistical summaries of streamflow data and characteristics of drainage basins for selected streamflow-gaging stations in Arizona through water year 1996: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 98-4225. S Sundie, D.W., 1990, Draft outline of basin profiles for the state water assessment: ADWR Statewide Planning Division, Memorandum to L. Linser, January, 16, 1990. T *Tadayon, S., 2004, Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectric-power, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of the active management areas, 1991-2000: USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5293, 27 pp. U US Army Corps of Engineers, 2004 and 2005, National Inventory of Dams: Arizona Dataset, accessed November 2004 to April 2005 at http://crunch.tec.army.mil /nid/webpages/nid. cfm *US Geological Survey, 2006, Average annual runoff in the United States, 1951-1980: Data file, accessed March 2006 at http://aa179.cr.usgs.gov/metadata /wrdmeta/runoff.htm. *____, 2006, Springs and spring discharges: Dataset, received November 2004 and January 2006 from USGS office in Tucson, AZ. *____, 2006, National Hydrography Dataset: Arizona dataset, accessed at http://nhd.usgs.gov/. Section 3.4 DRAFT Donnelly Wash Basin 199 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 _____, 2005, National Water Information System (NWIS): Arizona dataset, accessed December 2005 at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis. *____, 2005, Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectric-power, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of the active management areas, 2000-2005: Data file, received December 2005. *____, 2004, Southwest Regional Gap analysis study- land cover descriptions: Electronic file, accessed January 2005 at http://earth.gis.usu.edu/swgap. *____, 1981, Geographic digital data for 1:500,000 scale maps: USGS National Mapping Program Data Users Guide. V Valencia, R.A., Wennerlund, J.A., Winstead, R.A., Woods, S., Riley, L., Swanson, E., and Olson, S., 1993, Arizona riparian inventory and mapping project: Arizona Game and Fish Department. W Wahl, C.R., Boe, S.R., Wennerlund, R.A., Winstead, R.A., Allison, L.J., Kubly, D.M., 1997, Remote sensing mapping of Arizona intermittent stream riparian areas: Arizona Game and Fish Technical Report 112. Water Infrastructure Finance Authority of Arizona (WIFA), 2005, Clean Watershed Needs Survey-2004: Unpublished data sheets, received July 2005. Western Regional Climate Center (WRCC), 2005, Pan evaporation stations: Data file accessed December 2005 at http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgiwin/wwcgi. dll?wwDI~GetCity~USA. _____, 2005, Precipitation and temperature stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwDI~GetCity~USA. Wilson, R.P., 1992, Summary of groundwater conditions in Arizona 1985 to 1986: USGS Water Resources Investigation Report, 90-4179. Supplemental Readings Anning, D., 1998, Sources of nitrogen and phosphorus in drainage basins of central Arizona: in Water at the Confluence of Science, Law, and Public Policy: Proceedings from the 11th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 1998, Tucson, Arizona, p. 8. Bureau of Reclamation, 1990, Upper Gila water supply analyses and sizing studies: Arizona Projects Office, draft report, April 1990. Brown, S. L., Yu, S.K., and Munson, B. E., 1996, The impact of agricultural runoff on the pesticide contamination of a river- a case study on the middle Gila River: ADEQ Open File Report 96-1. Cordy, G.E., Gellenbeck, D.J., Gebler, J.B., Anning, D.W., Coes, A.L., Edmonds, R.J., Rees, J.A., and Sanger, H.W., 2000, Water quality in the central Arizona basins, Arizona, 19951998: USGS Circular 1213. 200 Section 3.4 Donnelly Wash Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Cullom, C. R., 1994, Technical assessment of subflow: an update: in Approaching the Millennium - Evolving Perspectives in Water Resources: Proceedings from the 7th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 1994, Scottsdale, Arizona, p.159165. Glennon, R.J. and Maddock, T., 1994, In search of subflow-Arizona’s futile effort to separate groundwater from surface water: in Approaching the Millennium-Evolving Perspectives in Water Resources: Proceedings from the 7th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 1994, Scottsdale, Arizona, p. 167-168. Huckleberry, G., 1996, Historical geomorphology of the Gila River: AZGS Open File Report 96-14, 31 p. Konieczki, A.D., Anderson, S.R., 1990, Evaluation of recharge along the Gila River as a result of the October 1983 flood: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 89-4148, 30 p. Overby, A., 2000, Maps Showing Groundwater Conditions in Donnelly Wash Basin, Pinal County, Arizona 1996-1997: ADWR, Hydrologic Map Series #32. Sobczak, R.V., 1994, Confusion Where Ground and Surface Waters Meet: Gila River General Adjudication, Arizona and the Search for Subflow: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. Tellman, B., Yarde, R. and Wallace, M.G., 1997, Arizona’s Changing Rivers: How People Have Affected the Rivers. Water Resources Research Center, University of Arizona. Wittler, R. J., Klawon, J.E., and Collins, K.L., 2004, Upper Gila River fluvial geomorphology study: Bureau of Reclamation final report. Section 3.4 DRAFT Donnelly Wash Basin 201 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Donnelly Wash Basin to Section 3.0 Hydrology Population 5-6, 7 20, 22 Water Supply Groundwater 24 Cultural Water Demand Municipal Demand 31, 32 202 Section 3.4 Donnelly Wash Basin DRAFT Section 3.5 Douglas Basin 203 c Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.5.1 Geography of the Douglas Basin The Douglas Basin is a medium-size, 949 square mile basin located in the southern portion of the planning area. Geographic features and principal communities are shown on Figure 3.5-1. The basin is characterized by a large valley, grasslands and desert scrub vegetation. 204 • Principal geographic features shown on Figure 3.5-1 are: o Principal basin communities of Douglas, Bisbee, Pirtleville and Elfrida o Whitewater Draw running north-south down the center of the basin to Douglas • Not well shown on Figure 3.5-1 are: o Sulphur Springs Valley running north-south down the center of the basin o Mule Mountains along the southwestern basin boundary near Bisbee o Dragoon Mountains west of Elfrida, which include the highest point in the basin at 6,966 feet o Perilla Mountains east of Elfrida and Douglas Section 3.5 Douglas Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 T18S ! Elfrida T20S COCHISE COUNTY T22S ! Bisbee Pirtleville T24S ! R26E R24E 0 3 ¨ c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Base Map: USGS 1:500,000, 1981 Section 3.5 DRAFT Douglas Basin ! MEXICO 6 Miles Douglas R28E International Boundary City, Town or Place ! Figure 3.5-1 Douglas Basin Geographic Features 205 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.5.2 Land Ownership in the Douglas Basin Land ownership, including the percentage of ownership in each category, is shown for the Douglas Basin in Figure 3.5-2. Principal features of land ownership in this basin are the significant amount of private land interspersed with state trust lands. A description of land ownership data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.8. Land ownership categories are discussed below in the order of percentage from largest to smallest in the basin. Private • 62.6% of the land is held privately. • The largest concentration of private lands is along Highway 191, the major route through the basin. • This basin contains the largest percentage of private land ownership of any basin in the planning area. • Primary land uses are farming, domestic, commercial and mining. State Trust • 32.1% of the land in this basin is held in trust for public schools and 13 other beneficiaries under the State Trust Land system. • State land ownership in this basin is relatively fragmented. • Primary land use is grazing. U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) • 3.8% of land is federally owned and managed by the Safford Office of the Bureau of Land Management. • BLM lands are interspersed throughout the private and state owned lands in this basin and there is little continuity. • Primary land use is grazing. National Forest and Wilderness • 0.7% of land is federally owned and managed as national forest and wilderness. • All forest lands in the basin are in the Douglas Ranger District of the Coronado National Forest. • Primary land uses are recreation, grazing and timber production. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service • 0.4% of land is federally owned and managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service • All Fish and Wildlife Service lands are within the Leslie Canyon National Wildlife Refuge. The refuge also includes private and state trust lands. • Primary land uses are wildlife protection and recreation. 206 Section 3.5 Douglas Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Other • 0.4% of land is state owned and managed by the Arizona Game and Fish Department. • All Game and Fish lands are within the Whitewater Draw Wildlife Area. • Primary land uses are wildlife protection and recreation. U.S. Military • 0.1% of the land is federally owned and managed by the U.S. Military. • Primary land use is for military activities. Section 3.5 DRAFT Douglas Basin 207 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 191 181 T18S CORONADO NATIONAL FOREST T20S Elfrida LESLIE CANYON NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE 191 COCHISE COUNTY T22S Bisbee 80 Pirtleville 80 T24S Douglas R26E R24E MEXICO R28E Land Ownership (Percentage in Basin) Private (62.6%) 0 3 6 Miles State Trust (32.1%) U.S. Bureau of Land Management (3.8%) National Forest & Wilderness (0.7%) Fish and Wildlife Service (0.4%) Other (Game & Fish, County and Bureau of Reclamation Lands) (0.4%) U.S. Military (0.1%) c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Source: ALRIS , 2004 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 2003 208 Figure 3.5-2 Douglas Basin Land Ownership National Wildlife Refuge International Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.5 Douglas Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.5.3 Climate of the Douglas Basin Climate data from NOAA/ NWS Coop Network stations are complied in Table 3.5-1 and their locations are shown on Figure 3.5-3. The Douglas Basin does not contain Evaporation Pan, AZMET or SNOTEL/Snowcourse stations. A description of the climate data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.3. NOAA/NWS Coop Network • Refer to Table 3.5-1. • There are four NOAA/NWS Coop network climate stations in the basin. • Of the four stations, data from different periods of record may be used as shown. The variety of dates may be due to discontinued measurements, date of installation or other availability issues. • All four stations are concentrated in the southern portion of the basin. • Station elevations range from 4,040 at Douglas to 5,350 feet at Bisbee. • Maximum average temperatures occur in July and range from 76.5°F at Bisbee to 80.4°F at Douglas Smelter. • Minimum temperatures for all four stations are about 46°F. • Average annual precipitation is varied with the highest, 22.75 inches, at Bisbee and the lowest, 13.76 inches, at Douglas FAA AP. • All stations report highest average precipitation in the summer (July - September) and lowest in the spring (April – June). • Additional annual precipitation data shows rainfall as high as 26 inches at the Mule Mountains north of the town of Bisbee and as low as 10 inches at the Sulphur Springs Valley in the vicinity of Elfrida. • Precipitation increases as elevation increases in this basin. The range of 16 inches between areas of highest and lowest precipitation recorded is common for the planning area. Section 3.5 DRAFT Douglas Basin 209 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.5-1 Climate Data for the Douglas Basin A. NOAA/NWS Co-op Network: Average Temperature Range (in F) Average Total Precipitation (in inches) Station Name Elevation (in feet) Period of Record Used for Averages Max/Month Min/Month Winter Spring Summer Fall Bsbee 5,350 1892-19851 76.5/Jul 45.8/Jan 4.94 1.66 10.54 5.62 22.75 Douglas 4,040 1948-2004 1 79.3/Jul 45.9/Dec 2.16 1.56 8.51 3.12 15.36 Annual Douglas FAA AP 4,100 1971-2000 79.0/Jul 45.8/Jan 1.85 1.16 7.65 3.10 13.76 Douglas Smelter 3,970 1903-1973 1 80.4/Jul 45.5/Jan 1.43 1.28 8.09 3.47 14.27 Source: WRCC, 2003. Notes: FAA AP = Federal Avaton Admnstraton Arport 1 Average temperature for perod of record shown; average precptaton from 1971-2000 B. Evaporation Pan: Station Name Elevation (in feet) Period of Record Used for Averages Avg. Annual Evap (in inches) None Source: WRCC, 2003. C. AZMET: Station Name Elevation (in feet) Period of Record Used for Averages Average Annual Reference Evaportranspiration, in inches (number of years to calculate averages ) None Source: Arzona Meteorologcal Network, 2005 D. SNOTEL/Snowcourse: Station Name Elevation (in feet) Period of Record Used for Averages Average Snowpack, at Beginning of the Month, as Inches Snow Water Content (Number of measurements to calculate average) Jan. Feb. March April May June None Source: Natural Resources Conservaton Servce, 2005 210 Section 3.5 Douglas Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 191 181 T18S 18 16 16 14 Elfrida 20 T20S 18 14 COCHISE COUNTY 12 191 14 20 16 18 T22S 22 24 Douglas FAA AP 16 Bisbee 18 Bisbee 80 Douglas T24S R26E R24E Douglas Smelter MEXICO 14 Pirtleville 80 Douglas R28E Average Annual Precipitation (1961-1990) 0 3 inches per year 6 Miles 10-12 12-14 14-16 Figure 3.5-3 Douglas Basin Meteorological Stations and Annual Precipitation c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Precipitation Data Source: Oregon State University, 1998 Section 3.5 DRAFT Douglas Basin 16-18 18-20 20-22 22-24 24-26 Meteorological Stations WRCC Precipitation Contour 12 International Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place 211 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.5.4 Surface Water Conditions in the Douglas Basin Streamflow data, including average seasonal flow, average annual flow and other information is shown in Table 3.5-2. This basin does not contain Flood ALERT equipment. Reservoir and stockpond data, including maximum storage or maximum surface area, are shown in Table 3.5-4. The location of streamflow gages, using the USGS number, is shown on Figure 3.5-4. The location of large reservoirs as well as USGS runoff contours are also shown on Figure 3.5-4. A description of stream data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.16. A description of reservoir data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.11. A description of stockpond data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.15. Streamflow Data • Refer to Table 3.5-2. • Data from one station located at Whitewater Draw are shown on the table and on Figure 3.5-4. • The average seasonal flow as a percentage of annual flow is highest in the Summer (JulySeptember) and lowest in the Winter (January-March) and Spring (April-June). • Summer flow constitutes 89% of the annual flow. • Maximum annual flow was 22,304 acre-feet in 1980 and minimum annual flow was 232 acre-feet in 1955. There are 46 years of annual flow record from this station. Reservoirs and Stockponds • Refer to Table 3.5-4. • Surface water is stored or could be stored in three small reservoirs in the basin. • Total maximum surface area for these reservoirs is 28 acres. • There are an estimated 254 stockponds in this basin. Runoff Contour • Refer to Figure 3.5-4. • Average annual runoff varies from 0.2 inches per year east and north of Whitewater Draw to one inch per year west of Whitewater Draw. 212 Section 3.5 Douglas Basin DRAFT Whtewater Draw near Douglas, AZ 9537500 1,023 4,740 Contributing Drainage Mean Basin Area (in Elevation (in feet) sq.miles) 1/1912-current Period of Record 2 Winter 2 Spring 89 Summer 7 Fall Average Seasonal Flow (% of annual flow) Section 3.5 DRAFT Douglas Basin Notes: Statstcs based on Calendar Year Annual Flow statstcs based on monthly values Summaton of Average Annual Flows may not equal 100 due to roundng. Perod of record may not equal Year of Record used for annual Flow/Year statstcs due to only usng years wth a 12 month record Sources: USGS NWIS; Pope et al, USGS 1998; and Fsk et al., USGS 2003. USGS Station Name Station Number 232 (1980) 5,960 Median 6,533 Mean 22,304 (1955) Maximum Annual Flow/Year (in acre-feet) Minimum Table 3.6-2 Streamflow Data for the Douglas Basin 46 213 Years of Annual Flow Record Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.5-3 Flood ALERT Equipment in the Douglas Basin Station Name Station ID Station Type Install Date Responsibility None 214 Section 3.5 Douglas Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.5-4 Reservoirs and Stockponds in the Douglas Basin A. Large Reservoirs (500 acre-feet capacity and greater) MAP KEY RESERVOIR/LAKE NAME (Name of dam, if different) OWNER/OPERATOR MAXIMUM STORAGE (AF) USE JURISDICTION USE JURISDICTION None dentfed by ADWR at ths tme B. Other Large Reservoirs (50 acre surface area or greater)1 MAP KEY RESERVOIR/LAKE NAME (Name of dam, if different) OWNER/OPERATOR MAXIMUM SURFACE AREA (acres) None dentfed by ADWR at ths tme C. Small Reservoirs (greater than 15 acre-feet and less than 500 acre-feet capacity) Total number: 0 Total maximum storage: 0 acre-feet D. Other Small Reservoirs (between 5 and 50 acres surface area)1 Total number: 3 Total surface area: 28 acres E. Stockponds (up to 15 acre-feet capacity) Total number: 254 (from water right filings) Notes: Capacty data not avalable to ADWR 1 Section 3.5 DRAFT Douglas Basin 215 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 191 As hC re e k 181 T18S 0.5 Elfrida Wh T20S G ad we ite r te wa Draw ll C anyon 1 0.2 COCHISE COUNTY T22S Bisbee 80 Pirtleville 80 T24S 9537500 R26E R24E 0 3 Douglas R28E MEXICO 6 Miles USGS Annual Runoff Contour for 1951-1980 (in inches) 2 Stream Channel (width of line reflects stream order) Stream Gages c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Stream Data Source: ALRIS, 2005 216 Figure 3.5-4 Douglas Basin Surface Water Conditions USGS International Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.5 Douglas Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.5.5 Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major Springs in the Douglas Basin Minor springs with discharge rates and date of measurement, and the total number of springs in the basin are shown in Table 3.5-5. There are no major springs in this basin. The locations of perennial and intermittent streams are shown on Figure 3.5-5. A description of data sources and methods for intermittent and perennial reaches is found in Volume 1, 1.3.16. A description of spring data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.14. • • • • There is one perennial stream in this basin, Leslie Creek, located on the eastern boundary of the basin. There are six minor springs in the basin. Listed discharge rates may not be indicative of current conditions. All of the spring measurements were taken prior to 1982 and most were taken in 1951. The total number of springs identified by the USGS varies from 6 to 10, depending on the database reference. This is the smallest number of springs in a basin in the planning area. Section 3.5 DRAFT Douglas Basin 217 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.5-5 Springs in the Douglas Basin A. Major Springs (10 gpm or greater): Map Key Locaton Name Lattude Dscharge Longtude (n gpm) Date Dscharge Measured None dentfed by ADWR at ths tme B. Minor Springs (1 to 10 gpm): Locaton Lattude Dscharge 1 Longtude (n gpm) 2 312923 1095603 4 9/20/1951 Walnut #1 314908 1095343 2 09/1951 Unnamed 2 313149 1095604 2 9/19/1951 Unnamed 2 313035 1095438 2 9/20/1951 Unnamed 2 312940 1095344 2 9/20/1951 314025 1095405 1 On or before 1982 Name Unnamed Antelope Date Dscharge Measured C. Total number of springs, regardless of discharge, identified by USGS (see ALRIS, 2005 and NHD, 2006): 6 to 10 Notes: Most recent measurement dentfed by ADWR 2 Sprng not dsplayed on current USGS topo map 1 218 Section 3.5 Douglas Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 191 181 T18S Elfrida T20S Les lie C 191 ree k COCHISE COUNTY T22S Bisbee 80 Pirtleville 80 T24S Douglas R26E R24E 0 ARIZONA O DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES c Stream Data Source: AGFD, 1993 & 1997 Section 3.5 DRAFT Douglas Basin 3 MEXICO R28E 6 Miles Figure 3.5-5 Douglas Basin Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major (>10 gpm) Springs Perennial Streams International Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place 219 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.5.6 Groundwater Conditions of the Douglas Basin Major aquifers, well yields, estimated natural recharge, estimated water in storage, number of index wells and date of last water-level sweep are shown in Table 3.5-6. Figure 3.5-6 shows aquifer flow direction and water-level change between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004. Figure 3.5-7 contains hydrographs for selected wells shown on Figure 3.5-6. Figure 3.5-8 shows well yields in five yield categories. A description of aquifer data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.2. A description of well data sources and methods, including water-level changes and well yields is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.19. Major Aquifers • Refer to Table 3.5-6 and Figure 3.5-6. • The major aquifers in the basin are basin fill and basin fill with interbedded volcanic rock in the Douglas area. • As seen on Figure 3.5-6, in the vicinity of Elfrida, groundwater flow directions have been altered due to agricultural pumpage. • Flow direction is generally from north to south and east to west south of Elfrida Well Yields • Refer to Table 3.5-6 and Figure 3.5-8. • As shown on Figure 3.5-8 well yields in this basin range from less than 100 gallons per minute (gpm) to more than 2,000 gpm. • One source of well yield information, based on 656 reported wells, indicates that the median well yield in this basin is 600 gpm. • In general, the highest well yields are north of Elfrida and west of Pirtleville. All well yields in the vicinity of Bisbee are less than 100 gpm. Natural Recharge • Refer to Table 3.5-6. • The principal source of recharge for this basin is mountain-front precipitation. • There are three natural recharge estimates for this basin ranging from 15,500 acre-feet per year to 22,000 acre-feet per year. The most recent estimate is 15,500 acre-feet per year and is from 1995. Water in Storage • Refer to Table 3.5-6. • There are three storage estimates for this basin, ranging from 26 million acre-feet to 32 million acre-feet. The most recent estimate, from a 1994 ADWR study, indicates the basin has 32 million acre-feet in storage to a depth of 1,200 feet. • The predevelopment storage estimate is 30 million acre-feet. 220 Section 3.5 Douglas Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Water Level • Refer to Figure 3.5-6. Water levels are shown for wells measured in 2003-2004. • The Department annually measures 27 index wells in this basin. • In 2004, the year of the last water level sweep, 387 wells were measured. • The deepest recorded water level in 2004-2004 in the basin is 337 feet north of Elfrida and the shallowest is 65 feet northwest of Pirtleville. • The area of most significant decline is north of Elfrida. A few wells southwest of Elfrida have water level rises of more than a foot. • Hydrographs corresponding to selected wells shown on Figure 3.5-6 but covering a longer time period are shown in Figure 3.5-7. Section 3.5 DRAFT Douglas Basin 221 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.5-6 Groundwater Data for the Douglas Basin Basin Area, in square miles: 949 Name and/or Geologic Units Basn Fll Major Aquifer(s): Basn Fll wth Interbedded Volcanc Rock (cty of Douglas area) Range 144 - 1,068 Medan 717.5 (64 wells measured) Range 3 - 2,600 Medan 600 (656 wells reported) Well Yields, in gal/min: Estimated Natural Recharge, in acre-feet/year: Estimated Water Currently in Storage, in acre-feet: Measured by ADWR and/or USGS Reported on regstraton forms for large (> 10-nch) dameter wells Range 50 - 2,000 ADWR (1990 and 1994) Range 0 - 2,500 Annng and Duet, USGS (1994) Range <1,000-1,600 Rascona, ADWR (1993) 15,500 Anderson and Freethey (1995) 22,000 ADWR (1994) 20,000 Freethey and Anderson (1986) 32,000,000 (to 1,200 ft) ADWR (1994) 30,000,0001 (to 1,200 ft) Freethey and Anderson (1986) 26,000,000 (to 1,200 ft) Arzona Water Commsson (1975) Current Number of Index Wells: 27 Date of Last Water-level Sweep: 2004 (387 wells measured) Notes: Predevelopment Estmate 1 222 Section 3.5 Douglas Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 191 181 A T18S 218 194 B 337 163 77 T20S 191 114 C 101 126 190 COCHISE COUNTY 71 201 117 103 T22S 62 D 80 Bisbee 204 67 129 65 67 223 80 E F 191 305 80 T24S R26E R24E R28E MEXICO Water-level change in feet between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004 H 375 0 6 Miles Figure 3.5-6 Douglas Basin Groundwater Conditions ARIZONA O DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES c Section 3.5 DRAFT 3 Douglas Basin number is depth to water in feet letter is hydrograph Greater than -30 Between -30 and -15 Between -15 and -1 Between -1 and +1 Between +1 and +15 Between +15 and +30 Change Data Not Available Generalized Flow Direction Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments International Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place 223 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Figure 3.5-7 DOUGLAS BASIN Douglas Basin DEPTH HYDROGRAPHS SHOWING Hydrographs Showing Depth to Water in Selected Wells TO WATER IN SELECTED WELLS A WELL DEPTH: 390 ft USE: DOMESTIC basin fill D-18-26 28AAA2 125 Depth To Water In Feet Below Land Surface 175 225 1975 250 B 1985 1995 WELL DEPTH: 400 ft USE: DOMESTIC 2005 basin fill D-19-26 23DAA 300 350 1975 75 C 1985 1995 WELL DEPTH: 124.5 ft USE: UNUSED 2005 basin fill D-21-26 02BAA 125 1975 1985 1995 2005 YEAR 224 Section 3.5 Douglas Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 DOUGLAS BASIN Figure 3.5-7 (Con’t.) HYDROGRAPHS SHOWING DEPTH Douglas Basin TO WATER IN Depth SELECTED WELLS Hydrographs Showing to Water in Selected Wells D WELL DEPTH: UNKNOWN USE: DOMESTIC basin fill D-22-26 29BCC1 25 75 Depth To Water In Feet Below Land Surface 1975 150 E 1985 1995 WELL DEPTH: 350 ft USE: UNUSED 2005 basin fill D-23-27 22DDA2 200 250 1975 200 F 1985 1995 WELL DEPTH: UNKNOWN USE: STOCK 2005 basin fill D-23-28 31CCC 250 300 350 1975 1985 1995 2005 YEAR Section 3.5 DRAFT Douglas Basin 225 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 191 181 T18S T20S Elfrida COCHISE COUNTY T22S 191 Bisbee 80 80 Pirtleville T24S Douglas MEXICO R26E R24E R28E Well Yields Greater than 2000 gals/min Between 1000 and 2000 gals/min 0 3 6 Miles Between 500 and 1000 gals/min Between 100 and 500 gals/min Less than 100 gals/min Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments ARIZONA O DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES c 226 Figure 3.5-8 Douglas Basin Well Yields International Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.5 Douglas Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.5.7 Water Quality of the Douglas Basin Drinking water standard exceedences in wells, springs and mine sites including location and parameter(s) exceeded are shown in Table 3.5-7A. Impaired lakes and streams with site type, name, length of impaired stream reach, area of impaired lake, designated use standard and parameter(s) exceeded is shown in Table 3.5-7B. Figure 3.5-9 shows the location of exceedences and impairment keyed to Table 3.5-7. A description of water quality data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.18. Not all parameters were measured at all sites; selective sampling for particular constituents is common. Wells, Springs and Mines • Refer to Table 3.5-7A. • Drinking water standard exceedences have been reported for 49 wells in the basin. • North of Elfrida the parameter exceeded in almost all of the sites measured was fluoride. • South of Elfrida the most common parameter exceeded in the sites measured was arsenic. • The parameters most frequently exceeded in this basin were fluoride and arsenic. • Another parameter commonly exceeded in this basin was nitrate. Lakes and Streams • Refer to Table 3.5-7B. • Water quality standards were exceeded in three reaches of Mule Gulch and one reach of Brewery Gulch. • The parameter exceeded in every reach was copper. Other parameters exceeded included cadmium, zinc and pH levels. • There is one reach of Mule Gulch, in the vicinity of Bisbee, that is effluent dependent. • All impaired stream reaches in this basin are part of the ADEQ water quality improvement effort called the Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) program. In all four stream reaches modeling has been completed, but additional sampling is needed to create the final TMDL report. Section 3.5 DRAFT Douglas Basin 227 228 Site Type Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Map Key 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Township 18 South 18 South 18 South 18 South 18 South 18 South 18 South 18 South 18 South 19 South 19 South 19 South 19 South 19 South 19 South 19 South 19 South 19 South 19 South 19 South 19 South 19 South 19 South 19 South 20 South 20 South 20 South 20 South 21 South A. Wells, Springs and Mines Site Location Range 25 East 25 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 24 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 27 East 26 East Section 2 26 25 32 33 33 34 35 35 25 3 3 3 4 5 7 7 8 8 8 8 18 18 25 6 6 25 9 9 Section 3.5 Parameter(s) Exceeding Drinking Water Standard2 As, F F F F F F F F F NO3 NO3 F F F F F As, F F F F F F F F F F NO3 F As, F Table 3.5-7 Water Quality Exceedences in the Douglas Basin1 Douglas Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.5 DRAFT Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 Douglas Basin Site Type Map Key Township 21 South 21 South 21 South 21 South 21 South 21 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 23 South 24 South 24 South 24 South 24 South 24 South 24 South 24 South 24 South A. Wells, Springs and Mines (con't.) Site Location Range 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 27 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 27 East 27 East 27 East 24 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 27 East 27 East 27 East 29 East Section 18 19 19 19 19 29 3 4 8 5 25 34 11 3 3 5 10 10 13 6 Parameter(s) Exceeding Drinking Water Standard2 F As, Be As As F F F F As F As As NO3 As As NO3 As As As As Table 3.5-7 Water Quality Exceedences in the Douglas Basin1 229 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 230 Stream Stream Stream Stream a b c d 4 4 Mule Gulch (headwaters to above Lavender Pt) 1 1 Length of Impaired Stream Reach (in miles) Mule Gulch (Bsbee WWTP to Hwy 80 brdge) Brewery Gulch (headwaters to Mule Gulch) Mule Gulch (above Lavender Pt to Bsbee WWTP) Site Name NA NA NA NA Area of Impaired Lake (in acres) A&W A&W A&W A&W Designated Use Standard3 Notes: Because of map scale feature locatons may appear dfferent than the locaton ndcated on the table NA = Not applcable 1 Water qualty samples collected between 1978 and 2002. 2 As = Arsenc Be = Beryllum Cd = Cadmum Cu = Copper F= Fluorde NO3 = Ntrate/Ntrte pH = Measurement of acdty or alkalnty Zn = Znc 3 A&W = Aquatc & Wldlfe Site Type Map Key B. Lakes and Streams Table 3.5-7 Water Quality Exceedences in the Douglas Basin1 Cu Section 3.5 Cd, Cu, pH, Zn Cu, pH Cu Parameter(s) Exceeding Use Standard2 Douglas Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 191 1 181 T18S 9 5 7 8 2 6 4 11 15 18 14 19 21 16, 17 22 20 23 3 12, 13 24 10 25 26 28 T20S Elfrida 27 29 30 191 31, 32 33 COCHISE COUNTY 35 34 36 37 39 38 T22S 40 Bisbee a c b d Mule Gulch 80 41 45 43 42 44 T24S R24E 0 ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Douglas Basin 49 Pirtleville 80 47 R26E MEXICO 3 6 Miles 48 Douglas R28E Figure 3.5-9 Douglas Basin Water Quality Conditions c O Section 3.5 DRAFT 46 Well , Spring or Mine Site with Recorded MCL Exceedence Effluent Dependent Reach Impaired Stream or Lake Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments 1 a International Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place 231 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.5.8 Cultural Water Demands in the Douglas Basin Cultural water demand data including population, number of wells and the average well pumpage and surface water diversions by the municipal, industrial and agricultural sectors are shown in Table 3.5-8. Effluent generation including facility ownership, location, population served and not served, volume treated, disposal method and treatment level is shown on Table 3.5-9. Figure 3.5-10 shows the location of demand centers. A description of cultural water demand data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.5. More detailed information on cultural water demands is found in Section 3.0.7. Cultural Water Demands • • • • • • • • • Refer to Table 3.5-8 and Figure 3.5-10. Population increased by an average of 500 people per year between 1980 and 2000. Projections suggest a more rapid growth rate through 2050. Total groundwater use decreased significantly in this basin from 1971 to 1990. From 1990 to 2003, however, total groundwater has increased although not to the same level as in 1971. All water use in this basin is groundwater, there are no surface water diversions on record. The highest concentration of municipal and industrial demand is found near Douglas and Pirtleville with smaller centers north of Pirtleville along Highway 191 north of Elfrida and west of Douglas along Highway 80. The majority of the agricultural demand in the basin is in the vicinity of Highway 191 and north of Elfrida. Over three-fourths of the water demand in this basin is for agriculture. There are large mine facilities, including the Copper Queen Mine and the Paul Spur Quarry located along Highway 80. There is, however, no recorded industrial water use in this basin after 1990. As of 2003 there were 1,647 registered wells with a pumping capacity of less than or equal to 35 gallons per minute and 679 wells with a pumping capacity of more than 35 gallons per minute. Effluent Generation • Refer to Table 3.5-9. • There is one wastewater treatment facility, the Douglas Wastewater Treatment Facility, located at Douglas. • About 18,000 people are served by this facility. • Almost 1,400 acre-feet of effluent per year is generated by the facility and discharged to Mexico where it is used for agricultural irrigation. 232 Section 3.5 Douglas Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Tables 3.5-8 Cultural Water Demands in the Douglas Basin 1 Year Recent Average Annual Demand (in acre-feet) Number of Registered (Census) Water Supply Wells Drilled and Well Pumpage Surface-Water Diversions Projected (DES) Q < 35 gpm Q > 35 gpm Municipal Industrial Irrigation Municipal Industrial Irrigation Population 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 16,600 1981 17,359 1982 18,119 1983 18,878 1984 19,637 1985 20,397 1986 21,156 1987 21,915 1988 22,674 1989 23,434 1990 24,193 1991 24,396 1992 24,598 1993 24,801 1994 25,003 1995 25,206 1996 25,408 1997 25,611 1998 25,813 1999 26,016 2000 26,218 2001 26,994 2002 27,770 2003 28,546 2010 33,979 2020 34,267 2030 34,850 2040 35,547 2050 36,524 ADDITIONAL WELLS: 3 WELL TOTALS: 1,0722 110,000 NR 90,000 NR Data Source 6442 ADWR (1994) 107 21 61,000 NR 117 5 38,000 NR 97 3 5,400 NR 33,000 NR 168 3 6,200 NR 37,000 NR 61 3 5,700 NR 48,000 NR 25 1,647 679 USGS (2005) Notes: NR = Not reported 1 Does not nclude evaporaton losses from stockponds and reservors. 2 Includes all wells through June 1980. 3 Other water-supply wells are lsted n the ADWR Well Regstry for ths basn, but they do not have completon dates. These wells are summed here. Section 3.5 DRAFT Douglas Basin 233 Douglas Water & Sewer Douglas WWTF Douglas 234 Notes: NA: No data currently avalable to ADWR WWTF: Wastewater Treatment Faclty Ownership Facility Name 18,044 City/Location Population Served Served 1,367 Volume Treated/Generated (acre-feet/year) Mexco Watercourse Evaporation Irrigation Pond Golf Course/Turf Irrigation Wildlife Area Disposal Method Table 3.4-9 Effluent Generation in the Douglas Basin Discharge to Another Facility Section 3.5 Secondary 2000 Year of Record Douglas Basin DRAFT NA Current Population Treatment Groundwater Not Served Level Recharge Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 191 T18S T20S Elfrida 191 COCHISE COUNTY T22S Bisbee 80 Pirtleville T24S Douglas R26E R24E 0 3 MEXICO R28E Demand Centers 6 Miles Agriculture M&I - High Intensity M&I - Low Intensity Figure 3.5-10 Douglas Basin Cultural Water Demands c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Large Mine Small Mine/Quarry International Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place Primary Data Source: USGS National Gap Analysis Program, 2004 Section 3.5 DRAFT Douglas Basin 235 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.5.9 Water Adequacy Determinations in the Douglas Basin Water adequacy determination information including the subdivision name, location, number of lots, adequacy determination, reason for the inadequacy determination, date of determination and subdivision water provider are shown in Table 3.5-10. Figure 3.5-11 shows the locations of subdivisions keyed to the Table. A description of the Water Adequacy Program is found in Volume 1, Appendix A. Adequacy determination data sources and methods are found in Volume 1, Sections 1.3.1. • • • • 236 Six water adequacy determinations have been made in this basin through May, 2005. Three determinations of inadequacy have been made, one in the vicinity of Bisbee and two in the northern portion of the basin. All three determinations of inadequacy were made because the applicant chose not to submit necessary information and/or available hydrologic data was insufficient to make a determination. All lots receiving an adequacy determination are in Cochise County. Of the 315 lots, 65 lots or 18% were determined to be adequate. Section 3.5 Douglas Basin DRAFT Section 3.5 DRAFT Harbour Property 2 Cochse Sunstes Ranches, Unts Two & Four 6 27 East 27 East 20 South 26 East 19 South 24 East 19 South 28 East 24 East 26 East 27 East Range 18 South 24 South 23 South 21 South 23 South Township Location 28, 29, 30, 31, 32 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 18, 29 1, 13, 24, 25 14, 22, 24 15 7 2 35 Section 314 26 10 10 33 22 No. of Lots 22-300157 22-300037 22-400051 ADWR File No.2 Inadequate Inadequate Adequate Inadequate Adequate Adequate ADWR Adequacy Determination A1 A1 A1 Reason(s) for Inadequacy Determination3 07/09/96 07/28/95 04/21/99 02/04/88 02/04/82 08/11/81 Date of Determination Dry Lot Subdvson Dry Lot Subdvson Dry Lot Subdvson Arzona Water Company Dry Lot Subdvson Dry Lot Subdvson Water Provider at the Time of Application Douglas Basin Notes: 1 Each determnaton of the adequacy of water supples avalable to a subdvson s based on the nformaton avalable to ADWR and the standards of revew and polces n effect at the tme the determnaton was made. In some cases, ADWR mght make a dfferent determnaton f a smlar applcaton were submtted today, based on the hydrologc data and other nformaton currently avalable, as well as current rules and polces. 2 Pror to February 1995, ADWR dd not assgn fle numbers to applcatons for adequacy determnaton. 3 A. Physcal/Contnuous 1) Insuffcent Data (applcant chose not to submt necessary nformaton, and/or avalable hydrologc data nsuffcent to make determnaton) 2) Insuffcent Supply (exstng water supply unrelable or physcally unavable;for groundwater, depth-to-water exceeds crtera) 3) Insuffcent Infrastructure (dstrbuton system s nsuffcent to meet demands or applcant proposed water haulng) B. Legal (applcant faled to demonstrate a legal rght to use the water or faled to demonstrate the provder's legal authorty to serve the subdvson) C. Water Qualty D. Unable to locate records Cochse Sunstes Ranches Cochse Cochse Cochse Cochse County 5 4 3 Cochse Industral Park 1 Pueblo Court Condomnums Rancho Alegre Estates, 1-10 Subdivision Name Map Key Table 3.5-10 Adequacy Determinations in the Douglas Basin1 237 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 191 181 5 T18S 6 6 6 T20S Elfrida 2 191 COCHISE COUNTY T22S Bisbee 3 80 1 80 Pirtleville T24S Douglas R24E 0 R26E MEXICO 3 6 Miles 4 R28E Adequacy Determinations Adequate Inadequate Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES 238 Figure 3.5-11 Douglas Basin Adequacy Determinations International Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.5 Douglas Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Douglas Basin References and Supplemental Reading References A Anderson, T.W., and Freethey, G.W., 1995, Simulation of groundwater flow in alluvial basins in south central Arizona and parts of adjacent states: USGS Professional Paper 1406-D. *Anning, D.W. and Duet, N.R., 1994, Summary of ground-water conditions in Arizona, 1987-90, USGS Open-file Report 94-476. Arizona Corporation Commission, 2005, Annual reports, Private Sewer companies, 1990 to 2005: ACC Utilities Division. _____, 2005, Annual reports, Small water providers, 1990 to 2005: ACC Utilities Division. *Arizona Department of Economic Security, 2005, Workforce Informer: Data file, accessed August 2005, http://www.workforce.az.gov. Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, 2005, Active dairy farms & feedlots: Data file, received October 2005. *____, 2005, ADEQSWI: Data file, received September 2005. *____, 2005, ADEQWATP: Data file, received May 2005. *____, 2005, ADEQWWTP: Data file, received August 2005. *____, 2005, Azurite: Data file, received September 2005. *____, 2005, Effluent dependent waters: GIS cover, received December 2005. *____, 2005, Impaired lakes and reaches: GIS cover, received January 2006. _____, 2005, Surface water sources used by water providers: Data file, received June 2005. *____, 2005, WWTP and permit files: Miscellaneous working files, received July 2005. *____, 2004, Water providers with arsenic concentrations in wells over 10ppb: Data file, received August 2004. *____, 2004, Water quality exceedences by watershed: Data file, received June 2004. *____, 2004, Water quality exceedences for drinking water providers in Arizona: Data file, received September 2004. Arizona Department of Mines and Mineral Resources (ADMMR), 2005, Active mines in Arizona: Database, accessed at http:// www.admmr.state.az.us. *Arizona Department of Water Resources, 2006, Assured and adequate water supply applications: Project files, ADWR Hydrology Division. _____, 2005, Agricultural Surface Water Use Estimates: Unpublished analysis, ADWR Office of Resource Assessment Planning. *____, 2005, Automated recorder sites: Data files, ADWR Basic Data Unit. _____, 2005, 2004 rural water provider questionnaire: Data files, ADWR Office of Resource Assessment Planning. *____, 2005, Assured and adequate water supply determinations: Database, ADWR Office of Assured and Adequate Water Supply. *All references marked with an asterisk contain information that was directly used in the basin summaries, tables or maps. Section 3.5 DRAFT Douglas Basin 239 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 _____, 2005, Flood warning gages: Database, ADWR Office of Water Engineering. _____, 2005, Inspected dams: Database, ADWR Office of Dam Safety. _____, 2005, Non-jurisdictional dams: Database, ADWR Office of Dam Safety. *____, 2005, Groundwater Site Inventory (GWSI): Database, ADWR Hydrology Division. _____, 2005, Registry of surface water rights: ADWR Office of Water Management. *____, 2005, Water use by golf courses in rural Arizona: Unpublished analysis, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 2005, Wells55: Database. _____, 2004, Rural Water Resources 2003 Questionnaire Report: Rural water resources study, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 2002, Groundwater quality exceedences in rural Arizona from 1975 to 2001: Data file, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 1994, Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Vol. I, Inventory and Analysis. *____, 1994, Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Vol. II, Hydrologic Summary. *Arizona Game and Fish Department, 2005, Arizona Waterways: Data file, received April 2005. *____, 1997 & 1993, Statewide riparian inventory and mapping project: GIS cover. _____, 1982, Arizona Lakes Classification Study. * Arizona Land Resource Information System (ALRIS), 2005, Surface Beneficiaries, GIS cover, accessed September 2006 at http://sco.az.gov/website/parcels/viewer.htm *____, 2005, Springs: GIS cover, accessed January 2006 at http://www.land.state.az. us/alris/index.html. *____, 2005, Streams: GIS cover, accessed 2005 at http://www.land.state. az.us/alris/index.html. *____, 2005, Water features: GIS cover, accessed July 2005 at http://www.land.state. az.us/alris/ index.html. *____, 2004, Land ownership: GIS cover, accessed in 2004 at http://www.land.state. az.us/ alris/index.html. Arizona Meteorological Network (AZMET), 2005, Arizona climate stations: Pan evaporation date, accessed December 2005 at http://www.ag.arizona.edu/ azmet/locate.html. *Arizona Water Commission, 1975, Summary, Phase I, Arizona State Water Plan, Inventory of resource and uses. B Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, 1982, Geothermal Resources of Arizona: University of Arizona, map. D Diroll, M., and Marsh, D., 2006, Status of water quality in Arizona-2004 integrated 305(b) assessment and 303(d) listing report: ADEQ report. E Environmental Protection Agency, 2005, Surf Your Watershed: Facility reports, accessed April 2005 at http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/ef_home2.water. _____, 2005, 2000 and 1996, Clean Watershed Needs Survey: datasets, accessed March 2005 at http://www.epa.gov/owm/mtb/ cwns/index.htm. *____, 2003, Wastewater systems improvements project environmental assessment, City of 240 Section 3.5 Douglas Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Bisbee, Cochise County Arizona. F *Fisk, G.G., Duet, D.W., Evans, C.E., Angernoth, N.K., and Longsworth, S.A., 2004, Water Resources Data, Arizona Water Year 2003: USGS Water-Data Report AZ-03-1. *Freethey, G.W. and Anderson, T.W. 1986, Predevelopment hydrologic conditions in the alluvial basins of Arizona and adjacent parts of California and New Mexico: USGS Hydrologic Investigations Atlas-HA664. K Konieczki, A.D. and Wilson, R.P., 1992, Annual summary of ground-water conditions in Arizona, spring 1986 to spring 1987: USGS Open File Report 92-54. M McCormack, H.F., Fisk, G.G., Duet, N.R., Evans, D.W., Roberts, W.P., and Castillo, N.K., 2002, Water resources data Arizona, water year 2002: USGS Water Data Report AZ-02-1. N Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), 2005, SNOTEL (Snowpack Telemetry) stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www3.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov /nwcc/ sntlsites.jsp?state=AZ. _____, 2005, Snow Course stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www.wcc.nrcs. usda.gov/nwcc/snow-course-sites.jsp?state=AZ O * Oregon State University, Spatial Climate Analysis Service (SCAS), 2006, Average annual precipitation in Arizona for 1961-1990: PRISM GIS cover, accessed in 2006 at www.ocs. orst.edu/prism. P * Pope, G.L., Rigas, P.D., and Smith, C.F., 1998, Statistical summaries of streamflow data and characteristics of drainage basins for selected streamflow-gaging stations in Arizona through water year 1996: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 98-4225. R *Rascona, S.J., 1993, Maps showing groundwater conditions in the Douglas basin, Cochise County, Arizona 1989: ADWR Hydrologic Map Series Number 26. S Sundie, D.W., 1990, Draft outline of basin profiles for the state water assessment: ADWR Statewide Planning Division, Memorandum to L. Linser, January, 16, 1990. T *Tadayon, S., 2004, Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectric-power, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of the active management areas, 1991-2000: USGS Section 3.5 DRAFT Douglas Basin 241 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5293, 27 pp. *Towne, D., 1999, Ambient groundwater quality in the Douglas basin: A 1995-1996 baseline study: ADEQ Open File Report 99-11. U US Army Corps of Engineers, 2004 and 2005, National Inventory of Dams: Arizona Dataset, accessed November 2004 to April 2005 at http://crunch.tec.army.mil/nid /webpages/nid.\ cfm * US Geological Survey, 2006, Average annual runoff in the United States, 1951-1980: Data file, accessed March 2006 at http://aa179.cr.usgs.gov/ metadata/wrdmeta/runoff.htm. *____, 2006, Springs and spring discharges: Dataset, received November 2004 and January 2006 from USGS office in Tucson, AZ. *____, 2006, National Hydrography Dataset: Arizona dataset, accessed at http://nhd.usgs.gov/. *____, 2005, National Water Information System (NWIS): Arizona dataset, accessed December 2005 at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis. *____, 2005, Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectric-power, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of the active management areas, 2000-2005: Data file, received December 2005. *____, 2004, Southwest Regional Gap analysis study- land cover descriptions: Electronic file, accessed January 2005 at http://earth.gis.usu.edu/swgap. *____, 1981, Geographic digital data for 1:500,000 scale maps: USGS National Mapping Program Data Users Guide. V Valencia, R.A., Wennerlund, J.A., Winstead, R.A., Woods, S., Riley, L., Swanson, E., and Olson, S., 1993, Arizona riparian inventory and mapping project: Arizona Game and Fish Department. W Wahl, C.R., Boe, S.R., Wennerlund, R.A., Winstead, R.A., Allison, L.J., Kubly, D.M., 1997, Remote sensing mapping of Arizona intermittent stream riparian areas: Arizona Game and Fish Technical Report 112. Water Infrastructure Finance Authority of Arizona (WIFA), 2005, Clean Watershed Needs Survey-2004: Unpublished data sheets, received July 2005. Western Regional Climate Center (WRCC), 2005, Pan evaporation stations: Data file accessed December 2005 at http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgiwin/wwcgi. dll?wwDI~GetCity~USA. *____, 2005, Precipitation and temperature stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwDI~GetCity~USA. Wilson, R.P., 1992, Summary of groundwater conditions in Arizona 1985 to 1986: USGS Water Resources Investigation Report, 90-4179. Supplemental Reading City of Douglas, 2002, General Plan Water Resources Element, adopted September 2002. 242 Section 3.5 Douglas Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Gebler, J. B., 1998, Water quality of selected effluent dependent stream reaches in southern Arizona as indicated by concentrations of periphytic chlorophyll a and aquatic invertebrate communities: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 98-4199, 12 pp. Leenhouts, J., Anderson, T.A. 2005, Sustainability of groundwater use in the Sierra Vista subwatershed, Cochise County, Arizona, 2005: Conservation and Innovation in Water Management: Proceedings of the 18th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, Flagstaff, Arizona, September, 2005. Littin, G. R., 1987, Groundwater resources of the Bisbee-Naco area, Cochise County, Arizona: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 87-4103. Robertson, F.N.,1991, Geochemistry of groundwater in alluvial basins of Arizona and adjacent parts of Nevada, New Mexico and California: USGS Professional Paper 1406-C, 87 pp. Santec Consulting and JE Fuller/ Hydrology & Geomorphology, Inc., 2000, Small and minor watercourses analysis for Cochise County, Arizona, Arizona State Land Department, Final Report. Weiskopf, T., Axelrod, P., Savci, G., 2001, Remediation strategy along the Mule Gulch channel in the Warren Mining District: Proceedings from the 14th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 2001, Tucson, Arizona, p.83. . Section 3.5 DRAFT Douglas Basin 243 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Douglas Basin Index to Section 3.0 Geography 4 Hydrogeology 6, 8 Environmental Conditions Instream Flow Claims 13 Conservation Areas, Refuges and Preserves 19 Population 20, 21 Water Supply Groundwater 25 Contamination Sites 26, 28 Cultural Water Demand 28 Municipal Demand 31, 32, 33, 34, 49 Agricultural Demand 1, 36-37 Industrial Demand 39 Water Resource Issues in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Watershed Groups 44 Issue Surveys 45, 47 244 Section 3.5 Douglas Basin DRAFT Section 3.6 Dripping Springs Wash Basin 245 c Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.6.1 Geography of the Dripping Springs Wash Basin The Dripping Springs Wash Basin is a small, 378 square mile basin in the northeastern portion of the planning area. Geographic features and principal communities are shown on Figure 3.61. The basin is characterized by a mid-elevation mountain range, desert scrub, grassland and chaparral vegetation. 246 • Principal geographic features shown on Figure 3.6-1 include: o Principal basin community of Christmas, with a population of less than 100 o The Tablelands, southeast of Christmas o Deer Creek and Ash Creek running roughly parallel to one another southeast of Christmas o Dripping Springs Wash northwest of Christmas, a tributary of the Gila River o Gila River, running east-west creating the boundary between Pinal and Gila Counties • Not well shown on Figure 3.6-1 are the Dripping Springs Mountains to the west, which include the highest point in the basin at 5,515 feet, and the Mescal Mountains to the east. Section 3.6 Dripping Springs Wash Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R14E T2S R16E PINAL COUNTY R18E GILA COUNTY T4S PINAL COUNTY Christmas ! R20E GRAHAM COUNTY T6S 0 3 ¨ c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Base Map: USGS 1:500,000, 1981 Section 3.6 DRAFT Dripping Springs Wash Basin 6 Miles COUNTY City, Town or Place ! Figure 3.6-1 Dripping Springs Wash Basin Geographic Features 247 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.6.2 Land Ownership in the Dripping Springs Wash Basin Land ownership, including the percentage of ownership in each category, is shown for the Dripping Springs Wash Basin in Figure 3.6-2. Principal features include a significant amount of tribal lands and scattered state owned, Bureau of Land Management and private lands. A description of land ownership data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.8. Land ownership categories are discussed below in the order of percentage from largest to smallest in the basin. Indian Reservations • 57.8% of the land is under ownership of the San Carlos Apache Tribe. • The tribal lands contain a number of private in-holdings. • Primary land use is grazing. U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) • 22.0% of land is federally owned and managed by the Safford Field Office of the Bureau of Land Management. • BLM land is located primarily in the northern portion of the basin and is interspersed with state owned and private lands. • Primary land uses are grazing and mining. State Trust • 11.5% of land in this basin is held in trust for public schools. • The majority of the state owned land, including a sizable contiguous parcel, is in the northwestern portion of the basin. • Primary land use is grazing. Private • 7.4% of land is private. • Private land is scattered in small parcels throughout the basin with a number of inholdings within the San Carlos Apace Indian Reservation. • Primary land uses are mining, domestic and grazing. National Forest and Wilderness • 1.3% of land is federally owned and managed as national forest and wilderness. • The portion of national forest in this basin is in the Tonto National Forest, Globe Ranger District. • Primary land uses are grazing and recreation. 248 Section 3.6 Dripping Springs Wash Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 TONTO NATIONAL FOREST R14E T2S R16E PINAL COUNTY R18E GILA COUNTY 77 PINAL COUNTY T4S Christmas R20E GRAHAM COUNTY SAN CARLOS INDIAN RESERVATION T6S Land Ownership (Percentage in Basin) 0 3 6 Miles Indian Reservations (57.8%) U.S. Bureau of Land Management (22.0%) State Trust (11.5%) Private c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Source: ALRIS , 2004 Section 3.6 DRAFT Dripping Springs Wash Basin Figure 3.6-2 Dripping Springs Wash Basin Land Ownership (7.4%) National Forest & Wilderness (1.3%) COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place 249 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.6.3 Climate of the Dripping Springs Wash Basin Climate data from NOAA/NWS Coop Network and Evaporation Pan stations are complied in Table 3.6-1 and their locations are shown on Figure 3.6-3. The Dripping Springs Wash Basin does not contain AZMET and SNOTEL/Snowcourse stations. A description of the climate data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.3. NOAA/NWS Coop Network • Refer to Table 3.6-1A • There is one NOAA/NWS Coop network climate station in the basin at San Carlos Reservoir located at 2,530 feet. • Average maximum temperature at the station is 86.6°F and average minimum temperature is 46.4°F. • Annual average precipitation at the station is 15.87 inches. • Winter, summer and fall season precipitation is similar; 5.36 inches, 5.07 inches and 4.36 inches respectively. • The dry season is in the spring (April-June) when an average of 1.08 inches is recorded. • Other precipitation data shows rainfall as high as 30 inches at the northernmost tip of the basin in the Dripping Springs Mountains, and as low as 12 inches in the vicinity of Christmas. • Altitude is a factor in precipitation in this basin with rainfall generally increasing as elevation increases. The range of 28 inches between areas of highest and lowest precipitation recorded is relatively high for the planning area. Evaporation Pan • Refer to Table 3.6-1B • There is one site in the basin, at San Carlos Reservoir located at 2,530 feet. • Average annual pan evaporation from this site is 91.45 inches. • The only other evaporation pan station in the planning area is at the Safford Agricultural Center, with an annual average evaporation of 98.05 inches at an elevation of 2,950 feet. Usually evaporation decreases as elevation increases, however, evaporation at the Safford pan is seven inches higher than the San Carlos Reservoir pan. Location of the evaporation pan and the period of record may be the reason for this discrepancy. 250 Section 3.6 Dripping Springs Wash Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.6-1 Climate Data for the Dripping Springs Wash Basin A.NOAA/NWS Co-op Network: Elevation (in feet) Period of Record Used for Averages 2,530 Station Name San Carlos Reservor Station Name San Carlos Reservor Average Total Precipitation (in inches) Average Temperature Range (in F) Max/Month Min/Month Winter Spring Summer Fall Annual 1971-2000 86.6/Jul 46.4/Jan 5.36 1.08 5.07 4.36 15.87 Elevation (in feet) Period of Record Used for Averages Avg. Annual Evap (in inches) 2,530 1948 - 2002 91.45 Elevation (in feet) Period of Record Used for Averages Source: WRCC, 2003. B. Evaporation Pan: Source: WRCC, 2003. C. AZMET: Station Name Average Annual Reference Evaportranspiration, in inches (number of years to calculate averages) None Source: Arzona Meteorologcal Network, 2005 D. SNOTEL/Snowcourse: Station Name Elevation (in feet) Period of Record Used for Averages Average Snowpack, at Beginning of the Month, as Inches Snow Water Content (Number of measurements to calculate average) Jan. Feb. March April May June None Source: Natural Resources Conservaton Servce, 2005 Section 3.6 DRAFT Dripping Springs Wash Basin 251 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 28 26 R14E T2S 22 20 24 22 R16E 20 San Carlos Reservoir San Carlos Reservoir GILA COUNTY R18E 16 18 PINAL COUNTY 77 PINAL COUNTY T4S 16 Christmas 18 14 20 R20E GRAHAM COUNTY 18 T6S Average Annual Precipitation (1961-1990) inches per year 12-14 14-16 16-18 18-20 20-22 22-24 24-26 26-28 0 3 28-30 6 Miles Meteorological Stations WRCC PanET c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Figure 3.6-3 Dripping Springs Wash Basin Meteorological Stations and Annual Precipitation Precipitation Data Source: Oregon State University, 1998 252 Section 3.6 Precipitation Contour 12 COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place Dripping Springs Wash Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.6.4 Surface Water Conditions in the Dripping Springs Wash Basin Streamflow data, including average seasonal flow, average annual flow and other information is shown in Table 3.6-2. Flood ALERT equipment in the basin as of September 2004 is shown on Table 3.6-3. Reservoir and stockpond data are shown in Table 3.6-4. The location of streamflow gages, using the USGS number, is shown on Figure 3.6-4. The location of large reservoirs as well as USGS runoff contours are also shown on Figure 3.6-4. A description of stream data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.16. A description of reservoir data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.11. A description of stockpond data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.15. Streamflow Data • Refer to Table 3.6-2. • Data from one station located at the Gila River below Coolidge Dam are shown on the table and on Figure 3.6-4. • The average seasonal flow as a percentage of annual flow is similar in the Winter (JanuaryMarch), Spring (April-June) and Summer (July-September). The similarity between seasons is primarily due to the controlled release of water from Coolidge Dam. • Maximum annual flow was 1,681,500 acre-feet in 1993 and minimum annual flow was 27,590 acre-feet in 1929. There are 90 years of annual flow record for this station. Flood ALERT Equipment • Refer to Table 3.6-3. • There is one station in the basin as of October 2005 located at the streamflow gaging station on the Gila River below Coolidge Dam. • This station is a precipitation/stage station. Reservoirs and Stockponds • Refer to Table 3.6-4. • There are no reservoirs in this basin. • There are an estimated 79 stockponds in this basin. Runoff Contour • Refer to Figure 3.6-4. • Average annual runoff is 0.5 inches in this basin. Section 3.6 DRAFT Dripping Springs Wash Basin 253 254 Gla Rver below Cooldge Dam 9469500 12,886 NA Contributing Drainage Mean Basin Area (in sq. Elevation (in feet) miles) 7/1899-current Period of Record 29 Winter 28 Spring 31 Summer 12 Fall Average Seasonal Flow (% of annual flow) Notes: NA= Not avalable to ADWR Statstcs based on Calendar Year Annual Flow statstcs based on monthly values Summaton of Average Annual Flows may not equal 100 due to roundng. Perod of record may not equal Year of Record used for annual Flow/Year statstcs due to only usng years wth a 12 month record Sources: USGS NWIS; Pope et al, USGS 1998; and Fsk et al., USGS 2003. USGS Station Name Station Number 27,590 (1929) Minimum 1,681,500 (1993) Dripping Springs Wash Basin DRAFT 270,458 Mean Section 3.6 231,731 Median 90 Years of Annual Flow Maximum Record Annual Flow (in acre-feet/year) Table 3.5-2 Streamflow Data for the Dripping Springs Wash Basin Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.6 DRAFT Dripping Springs Wash Basin Precptaton/Stage Downstream Cooldge Dam, Gla Rver 905 Notes: NA = Not avalable FCD = Flood Control Dstrct Station Type Station Name Station ID NA Install Date Gla County FCD Responsibility Table 3.6-3 Flood ALERT Equipment in the Dripping Springs Wash Basin 255 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.6-4 Reservoirs and Stockponds in the Dripping Springs Wash Basin A. Large Reservoirs (500 acre-feet capacity and greater) MAP KEY RESERVOIR/LAKE NAME (Name of dam, if different) OWNER/OPERATOR MAXIMUM STORAGE (AF) USE JURISDICTION USE JURISDICTION None dentfed by ADWR at ths tme B. Other Large Reservoirs (50 acre surface area or greater)1 MAP KEY RESERVOIR/LAKE NAME (Name of dam, if different) OWNER/OPERATOR MAXIMUM SURFACE AREA (acres) None dentfed by ADWR at ths tme C. Small Reservoirs (greater than 15 acre-feet and less than 500 acre-feet capacity) Total number: 0 Total maximum storage: 0 acre-feet D. Other Small Reservoirs (between 5 and 50 acres surface area)1 Total number: 0 Total surface area: 0 acres E. Stockponds (up to 15 acre-feet capacity) Total number: 79 (from water right filings) Notes: Capacty data not avalable to ADWR 1 256 Section 3.6 Dripping Springs Wash Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R14E T2S R16E g Sp r in g 5 0. W as h 9469500 GILA COUNTY R18E 905 ve r pin Ri PINAL COUNTY ip Gi la Dr 77 PINAL COUNTY T4S Christmas R20E As hC Deer Creek re e k GRAHAM COUNTY 0.5 T6S 0 3 6 Miles USGS Annual Runoff Contour for 1951-1980 (in inches) Stream Channel (width of line reflects stream order) 2 Stream Gages USGS c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Stream Data Source: ALRIS, 2005 Section 3.6 DRAFT Dripping Springs Wash Basin Figure 3.6-4 Dripping Springs Wash Basin Surface Water Conditions Flood COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place 257 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.6.5 Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major Springs in the Dripping Springs Wash Basin Major springs with discharge rates and date of measurement, and the total number of springs in the basin are shown in Table 3.6-5. The locations of major springs as well as perennial and intermittent streams are shown on Figure 3.6-5. A description of data sources and methods for intermittent and perennial reaches is found in Volume 1, 1.3.16. A description of spring data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.14. • • • • • • • 258 There is one perennial stream, Mescal Creek, a tributary to the Gila River. The Gila River is considered an intermittent stream through this basin because its flow is controlled by releases from Coolidge Dam to meet legal obligations. There are two major springs with a measured discharge of 10 gallons per minute (gpm) or greater at any time. Listed discharge rates may not be indicative of current conditions. Both of the major spring measurements were taken prior to 1985. Both major springs are located in the vicinity of the Gila River. The Mescal Warm Spring discharges 200 gpm and the Coolidge Dam Warm Spring discharges 165 gpm. There are no minor springs identified at this time. The total number of springs identified by the USGS varies from 76 to 99, depending on the database reference. Section 3.6 Dripping Springs Wash Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.6-5 Springs in the Dripping Springs Wash Basin A. Major Springs (10 gpm or greater): Locaton Lattude Dscharge Date Dscharge 1 Measured Longtude (n gpm) Mescal Warm 330918 1103815 200 Cooldge Dam Warm 331016 1103139 165 Map Key Name 1 2 On or before 1982 On or before 1982 B. Minor Springs (1 to 10 gpm): Locaton Name Lattude Longtude Dscharge Date Dscharge (n gpm) Measured None dentfed by ADWR at ths tme C. Total number of springs, regardless of discharge, identified by USGS (see ALRIS, 2005 and NHD, 2006): 76 to 99 Notes: Most recent measurement dentfed by ADWR 1 Section 3.6 DRAFT Dripping Springs Wash Basin 259 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R14E T2S R16E M es ca lC PINAL COUNTY 2 r ee GILA COUNTY k R18E G 1 i la Rive r 77 T4S Christmas PINAL COUNTY R20E GRAHAM COUNTY T6S 0 3 6 Miles Springs c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Stream Data Source: AGFD, 1993 & 1997 260 Figure 3.6-5 Dripping Springs Wash Basin Perrenial/Intermittent Streams and Major (>10 gpm) Springs Section 3.6 1 Intermittent Streams Perennial Streams COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place Dripping Springs Wash Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.6.6 Groundwater Conditions of the Dripping Springs Wash Basin Major aquifers, well yields, estimated natural recharge, estimated water in storage, number of index wells and date of last water-level sweep are shown in Table 3.6-6. Figure 3.6-6 shows aquifer flow direction and water-level change between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004. Figure 3.6-7 contains hydrographs for selected wells shown on Figure 3.6-6. Figure 3.6-8 shows well yields in four yield categories. A description of aquifer data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.2. A description of well data sources and methods, including water-level changes and well yields is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.19. Major Aquifers • Refer to Table 3.6-6 and Figure 3.6-6. • The major aquifers in the basin are recent stream alluvium, consisting of mostly sand and silt, and Gila Conglomerate sedimentary rock. • The recent stream alluvium is the principal water-producing unit. • Flow direction is generally from the northwest to the southeast. Well Yields • Refer to Table 3.6-6 and Figure 3.6-8. • As shown on Figure 3.6-8 well yields in this basin range from less than 100 gallons per minute (gpm) to 2,000 gpm. • One source of well yield information, based on 12 reported wells, indicates that the median well yield in this basin is 394.5 gpm. Natural Recharge • Refer to Table 3.6-6. • There are two natural recharge estimates for this basin of 3,000 acre-feet per year and 9,000 acre-feet per year. The former, from a 1994 ADWR study, is the most recent estimate. Water in Storage • Refer to Table 3.6-6. • There are two storage estimates for this basin, 150,000 acre-feet and less than one million acre-feet to a depth of 1,200 feet. • The predevelopment storage estimate is less than one million acre-feet. Water Level • Refer to Figure 3.6-6. Water levels are shown for wells measured in 2003-2004. • The Department annually measures two index wells in this basin. • In 1996, the year of the last water level sweep, 34 wells were measured. • There are only two water levels recorded in this basin during 2003-2004. The wells are close to each other and measure 87 feet and 98 feet to water. • Water levels in both declined one to 15 feet between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004. • A hydrograph corresponding to one well shown on Figure 3.6-6 but covering a longer time period is shown in Figure 3.6-7. Section 3.6 DRAFT Dripping Springs Wash Basin 261 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.6-6 Groundwater Data for the Dripping Springs Wash Basin Basin Area, in square miles: 378 Name and/or Geologic Units Recent Stream Alluvum Major Aquifer(s): Sedmentary Rock (Gla Conglomerate) Well Yields, in gal/min: NA Measured by ADWR and/or USGS Range 12 - 1,200 Medan 394.5 (12 wells reported) Reported on regstraton forms for large (> 10-nch) dameter wells <2 ADWR (1994) Range 0 - 500 Annng and Duet, USGS (1994) 3,000 ADWR (1994) 9,000 Freethey and Anderson (1986) 150,000 (to 1,200 ft) ADWR (1994) <1,000,0001 Freethey and Anderson (1986) NA Arzona Water Commsson (1975) Estimated Natural Recharge, in acre-feet/year: Estimated Water Currently in Storage, in acre-feet: Current Number of Index Wells: 2 Date of Last Water-level Sweep: 1996 (34 wells measured) Notes: NA = Not Avalable 1 Predevelopment Estmate 262 Section 3.6 Dripping Springs Wash Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 77 PINAL COUNTY A 98 87 GILA COUNTY Christmas GRAHAM COUNTY PINAL COUNTY Water-level change in feet between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004 H 0 3 375 6 Miles number is depth to water in feet letter is hydrograph Between -15 and -1 Generalized Flow Direction Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments Figure 3.6-6 Dripping Springs Wash Basin Groundwater Conditions ARIZONA O DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES c Section 3.6 DRAFT Dripping Springs Wash Basin COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place 263 Depth To Water In Feet Below Land Surface Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 264 Figure 3.6-7 Dripping Springs Wash Basin Hydrographs Showing Depth to Water in Selected Wells 25 A WELL DEPTH: 300 ft USE: UNUSED basin fill D-03-15 29AAB 75 125 1975 1985 1995 2005 YEAR Section 3.6 Dripping Springs Wash Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R14E T2S R16E PINAL COUNTY 77 R18E GILA COUNTY T4S Christmas PINAL COUNTY R20E GRAHAM COUNTY T6S Well Yields Between 1000 and 2000 gals/min 0 3 6 Miles Between 500 and 1000 gals/min Between 100 and 500 gals/min Less than 100 gals/min Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments Figure 3.6-8 Dripping Springs Wash Basin Well Yields ARIZONA O DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES c Section 3.6 DRAFT Dripping Springs Wash Basin COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place 265 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.6.7 Water Quality of the Dripping Springs Wash Basin Data on drinking water standard exceedences in wells, springs and mine sites and impaired lakes and streams are not available for this basin. A description of water quality data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.18. 266 Section 3.6 Dripping Springs Wash Basin DRAFT Section 3.6 DRAFT Site Type Site Type Dripping Springs Wash Basin Map Key B. Lakes and Streams Map Key A. Wells, Springs and Mines Site Name Township Section Area of Impaired Lake (in acres) None dentfed by ADWR at ths tme Length of Impaired Stream Reach (in miles) None dentfed by ADWR at ths tme Site Location Range Designated Use Standard Parameter(s) Exceeding Use Parameter(s) Exceeding Drinking Water Standard Table 3.6-7 Water Quality Exceedences in the Dripping Springs Basin 267 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.6.8 Cultural Water Demands in the Dripping Springs Wash Basin Cultural water demand data including population, number of wells and the average well pumpage and surface water diversions by the municipal, industrial and agricultural sectors are shown in Table 3.6-8. Effluent generation including facility ownership and location is shown on Table 3.69. A description of cultural water demand data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.5. More detailed information on cultural water demands is found in Section 3.0.7. Cultural Water Demands • Refer to Table 3.6-8 and Figure 3.6-10. • Population decreased significantly between 1980 and 2003. Projected population was assumed to remain stable through 2050. • Groundwater pumping has decreased since 1971 and remained constant from 1990 to 2003, with less than 300 acre-feet pumped per year during this time. • All water use in this basin is groundwater, there are no surface water diversions reported. • Municipal demand is less than 300 acre-feet per year. • High intensity municipal and industrial demand is found in the vicinity of Highway 77. • There are several inactive mines including the Christmas Mine, New Year Mine and the San Bernardo Jr. Mine in the vicinity of Christmas. • As of 2003 there were 124 registered wells with a pumping capacity of less than or equal to 35 gallons per minute and 24 wells with a pumping capacity of more than 35 gallons per minute. 268 Section 3.6 Dripping Springs Wash Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.6-8 Cultural Water Demands in the Dripping Springs Wash Basin 1 Year Average Annual Demand (in acre-feet) Recent Number of Registered (Census) and Water Supply Wells Drilled Well Pumpage Surface-Water Diversions Projected (DES) Population Q < 35 gpm Q > 35 gpm Municipal Industrial Irrigation Municipal Industrial Irrigation 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 329 1981 318 1982 307 1983 295 1984 284 1985 273 1986 262 1987 251 1988 239 1989 228 1990 217 1991 213 1992 209 1993 205 1994 201 1995 197 1996 193 1997 189 1998 185 1999 181 2000 177 2001 63 2002 63 2003 63 2010 63 2020 63 2030 63 2040 63 63 2050 3 ADDITIONAL WELLS: WELL TOTALS: 85 2 20 <1,000 NR <1,000 NR Data Source 2 ADWR (1994) 19 0 <1,000 NR 0 0 <1,000 NR 10 0 <300 NR NR NR 5 1 <300 NR NR NR 1 1 <300 NR NR NR 4 124 2 24 USGS (2005) Notes: NR = Not reported 1 Does not nclude evaporaton losses from stockponds and reservors. 2 Includes all wells through June 1980. 3 Other water-supply wells are lsted n the ADWR Well Regstry for ths basn, but they do not have completon dates. These wells are summed here. Section 3.6 DRAFT Dripping Springs Wash Basin 269 270 Facility Name Ownership City/Location Served Population Served Watercourse Golf Evaporation Irrigation Course/Turf Pond Irrigation Wildlife Area Disposal Method No Wastewater Treatment Facltes Identfed by ADWR n ths Basn Volume Treated/Generated (acre-feet/year) Current Treatment Level Population Not Served Year of Record Dripping Springs Wash Basin DRAFT Groundwater Recharge Section 3.6 Discharge to Another Facility Table 3.6-9 Effluent Generation in the Dripping Springs Wash Basin Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R14E T2S R16E PINAL COUNTY R18E GILA COUNTY 77 T4S PINAL COUNTY Christmas SAN CARLOS INDIAN RESERVATION R20E GRAHAM COUNTY T6S 0 3 6 Miles Demand Centers M&I - High Intensity Large Mine Indian Reservation Figure 3.6-9 Dripping Springs Wash Basin Cultural Water Demands c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place Primary Data Source: USGS National Gap Analysis Program, 2004 Section 3.6 DRAFT Dripping Springs Wash Basin 271 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.6.9 Water Adequacy Determinations in the Dripping Springs Wash Basin There are no water adequacy applications on file with the Department as of May, 2005 for the Dripping Springs Wash Basin. A description of the Water Adequacy Program is found in Volume 1, Appendix A. Adequacy determination data sources and methods are found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.1. 272 Section 3.6 Dripping Springs Wash Basin DRAFT Section 3.6 DRAFT Subdivision Name Dripping Springs Wash Basin Map Key County Township Range Location ADWR File No. ADWR Adequacy Determination No subdvsons on fle wth ADWR at ths tme Section No. of Lots Reason(s) for Inadequacy Determination3 Table 3.7-10 Adequacy Determinations in the Dripping Springs Basin Date of Determination Water Provider at the Time of Application 273 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Dripping Springs Basin References and Supplemental Reading References A Anderson, T.W., and Freethey, G.W., 1995, Simulation of groundwater flow in alluvial basins in south central Arizona and parts of adjacent states: USGS Professional Paper 1406-D. Anning, D.W. and Duet, N.R., 1994, Summary of ground-water conditions in Arizona, 1987-90, USGS Open-file Report 94-476. Arizona Corporation Commission, 2005, Annual reports, Private sewer companies, 1990 to 2005: ACC Utilities Division. _____, 2005, Annual reports, Small water providers, 1990 to 2005: ACC Utilities Division. *Arizona Department of Economic Security, 2005, Workforce Informer: Data file, accessed August 2005, http://www.workforce.az.gov. Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, 2005, Active dairy farms & feedlots: Data file, received October 2005. _____, 2005, ADEQSWI: Data file, received September 2005. _____, 2005, ADEQWATP: Data file, received May 2005. _____, 2005, ADEQWWTP: Data file, received August 2005. _____, 2005, Azurite: Data file, received September 2005. _____, 2005, Effluent dependent waters: GIS cover, received December 2005. _____, 2005, Impaired lakes and reaches: GIS cover, received January 2006. _____, 2005, Surface water sources used by water providers: Data file, received June 2005. _____, 2005, WWTP and permit files: Miscellaneous working files, received July 2005. _____, 2004, Water providers with arsenic concentrations in wells over 10ppb: Data file, received August 2004. _____, 2004, Water quality exceedences by watershed: Data file, received June 2004. _____, 2004, Water quality exceedences for drinking water providers in Arizona: Data file, received September 2004. Arizona Department of Mines and Mineral Resources (ADMMR), 2005, Active mines in Arizona: Database, accessed at http:// www.admmr.state.az.us. Arizona Department of Water Resources, 2006, Assured and adequate water supply applications: Project files, ADWR Hydrology Division. _____, 2005, Agricultural Surface Water Use Estimates: Unpublished analysis, ADWR Office of Resource Assessment Planning. *____, 2005, Automated recorder sites: Data files, ADWR Basic Data Unit. _____, 2005, 2004 rural water provider questionnaire: Data files, ADWR Office of Resource Assessment Planning. _____, 2005, Assured and adequate water supply determinations: Database, ADWR Office of Assured and Adequate Water Supply.  All references marked with an asterisk contain information that was directly used in the basin summaries, tables or maps. 274 Section 3.6 Dripping Springs Wash Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 *____, 2005, Flood warning gages: Database, ADWR Office of Water Engineering. _____, 2005, Inspected dams: Database, ADWR Office of Dam Safety. _____, 2005, Non-jurisdictional dams: Database, ADWR Office of Dam Safety. *____, 2005, Groundwater Site Inventory (GWSI): Database, ADWR Hydrology Division. _____, 2005, Registry of surface water rights: ADWR Office of Water Management. _____, 2005, Water use by golf courses in rural Arizona: Unpublished analysis, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 2005, Wells55: Database. _____, 2004, Rural Water Resources 2003 Questionnaire Report: Rural water resources study, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. _____, 2002, Groundwater quality exceedences in rural Arizona from 1975 to 2001: Data file, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 1994, Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Vol. I, Inventory and Analysis. *____,1994, Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Vol. II, Hydrologic Summary. *Arizona Game and Fish Department, 2005, Arizona Waterways: Data file, received April 2005. *____, 1997 & 1993, Statewide riparian inventory and mapping project: GIS cover. _____, 1982, Arizona Lakes Classification Study. * Arizona Land Resource Information System (ALRIS), 2005, Surface Beneficiaries, GIS cover, accessed September 2006 at http://sco.az.gov/website/parcels/viewer.htm *____, 2005, Springs: GIS cover, accessed January 2006 at http://www.land.state.az. us/alris/index.html. *____, 2005, Streams: GIS cover, accessed 2005 at http://www.land.state. az.us/alris/index.html. *____, 2005, Water features: GIS cover, accessed July 2005 at http://www.land.state. az.us/alris/ index.html. *____, 2004, Land ownership: GIS cover, accessed in 2004 at http://www.land. state.az.us/ alris/index.html. Arizona Meteorological Network (AZMET), 2005, Arizona climate stations: Pan evaporation date, accessed December 2005 at http://www.ag.arizona.edu/ azmet/locate.html. *Arizona Water Commission, 1975, Summary, Phase I, Arizona State Water Plan, Inventory of resource and uses. B Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, 1982, Geothermal Resources of Arizona: University of Arizona, map. D Diroll, M., and Marsh, D., 2006, Status of water quality in Arizona-2004 integrated 305(b) assessment and 303(d) listing report: ADEQ report. E Environmental Protection Agency, 2005, Surf Your Watershed: Facility reports, accessed April 2005 at http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/ef_home2.water. _____, 2005, 2000 and 1996, Clean Watershed Needs Survey: datasets, accessed March 2005 at http://www.epa.gov/owm/mtb/ cwns/index.htm. Section 3.6 DRAFT Dripping Springs Wash Basin 275 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 F *Fisk, G.G., Duet, D.W., Evans, C.E., Angernoth, N.K., and Longsworth, S.A., 2004, Water Resources Data, Arizona Water Year 2003: USGS Water-Data Report AZ-03-1. *Freethey, G.W. and Anderson, T.W. 1986, Predevelopment hydrologic conditions in the alluvial basins of Arizona and adjacent parts of California and New Mexico: USGS Hydrologic Investigations Atlas-HA664. K Konieczki, A.D. and Wilson, R.P., 1992, Annual summary of ground-water conditions in Arizona, spring 1986 to spring 1987: USGS Open File Report 92-54. M McCormack, H.F., Fisk, G.G., Duet, N.R., Evans, D.W., Roberts, W.P., and Castillo, N.K., 2002, Water resources data Arizona, water year 2002: USGS Water Data Report AZ-02-1. N Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), 2005, SNOTEL (Snowpack Telemetry) stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www3.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov/ nwcc/ sntlsites.jsp?state=AZ. _____, 2005, Snow Course stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www.wcc.nrcs. usda.gov/nwcc/snow-course-sites.jsp?state=AZ O *Oregon State University, Spatial Climate Analysis Service (SCAS), 2006, Average annual precipitation in Arizona for 1961-1990: PRISM GIS cover, accessed in 2006 at www.ocs. orst.edu/prism. P *Pope, G.L., Rigas, P.D., and Smith, C.F., 1998, Statistical summaries of streamflow data and characteristics of drainage basins for selected streamflow-gaging stations in Arizona through water year 1996: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 98-4225. S Sundie, D.W., 1990, Draft outline of basin profiles for the state water assessment: ADWR Statewide Planning Division, Memorandum to L. Linser, January, 16, 1990. T *Tadayon, S., 2004, Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectric-power, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of the active management areas, 1991-2000: USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5293, 27 pp. U US Army Corps of Engineers, 2004 and 2005, National Inventory of Dams: Arizona Dataset, accessed November 2004 to April 2005 at http://crunch.tec.army.mil/nid /webpages/nid. 276 Section 3.6 Dripping Springs Wash Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 cfm *US Geological Survey, 2006, Average annual runoff in the United States, 1951-1980: Data file, accessed March 2006 at http://aa179.cr.usgs.gov/metadata /wrdmeta/runoff.htm. *____, 2006, Springs and spring discharges: Dataset, received November 2004 and January 2006 from USGS office in Tucson, AZ. *____, 2006, National Hydrography Dataset: Arizona dataset, accessed at http://nhd.usgs.gov/. *____, 2005, National Water Information System (NWIS): Arizona dataset, accessed December 2005 at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis. *____, 2005, Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectric-power, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of the active management areas, 2000-2005: Data file, received December 2005. *____, 2004, Southwest Regional Gap analysis study- land cover descriptions: Electronic file, accessed January 2005 at http://earth.gis.usu.edu/swgap. *____, 1981, Geographic digital data for 1:500,000 scale maps: USGS National Mapping Program Data Users Guide. V Valencia, R.A., Wennerlund, J.A., Winstead, R.A., Woods, S., Riley, L., Swanson, E., and Olson, S., 1993, Arizona riparian inventory and mapping project: Arizona Game and Fish Department. W Wahl, C.R., Boe, S.R., Wennerlund, R.A., Winstead, R.A., Allison, L.J., Kubly, D.M., 1997, Remote sensing mapping of Arizona intermittent stream riparian areas: Arizona Game and Fish Technical Report 112. Water Infrastructure Finance Authority of Arizona (WIFA), 2005, Clean Watershed Needs Survey-2004: Unpublished data sheets, received July 2005. *Western Regional Climate Center (WRCC), 2005, Pan evaporation stations: Data file accessed December 2005 at http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgiwin/wwcgi. dll?wwDI~GetCity~USA. *____, 2005, Precipitation and temperature stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwDI~GetCity~USA. Wilson, R.P., 1992, Summary of groundwater conditions in Arizona 1985 to 1986: USGS Water Resources Investigation Report, 90-4179. Supplemental Readings Anning, D., 1998, Sources of nitrogen and phosphorus in drainage basins of central Arizona: in Water at the Confluence of Science, Law, and Public Policy: Proceedings from the 11th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 1998, Tucson, Arizona, p. 8. Baldys, S., and Bayles, J.A., 1990, Flow characteristics of streams that drain the Ft. Apache and San Carlos Indian Reservations, east central Arizona: USGS Water Resources Investigation Report 90-4053. Section 3.6 DRAFT Dripping Springs Wash Basin 277 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Brown, S. L., Yu, S.K., and Munson, B. E., 1996, The impact of agricultural runoff on the pesticide contamination of a river-a case study on the middle Gila River: ADEQ Open File Report 96-1. Bureau of Reclamation, 1990, Upper Gila water supply analyses and sizing studies: Arizona Projects Office, draft report, April 1990. Cordy, G.E., Gellenbeck, D.J., Gebler, J.B., Anning, D.W., Coes, A.L., Edmonds, R.J. Rees, J.A., and Sanger, H.W., 2000, Water quality in the central Arizona basins, Arizona, 19951998: USGS Circular 1213. Huckleberry, G., 1996, Historical geomorphology of the Gila River: AZGS Open - File Report 96-14, 31 p. Konieczki, A.D., Anderson, S.R., 1990, Evaluation of recharge along the Gila River as a result of the October 1983 flood: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 89-4148, 30 p. Sobczak, R.V., 1994, Confusion Where Ground and Surface Waters Meet: Gila River General Adjudication, Arizona and the Search for Subflow: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. Tellman, B., Yarde, R. and Wallace, M.G., 1997, Arizona’s Changing Rivers: How People Have Affected the Rivers. Water Resources Research Center, University of Arizona. Wittler, R. J., Klawon, J.E., and Collins, K.L., 2004, Upper Gila River fluvial geomorphology study: Bureau of Reclamation final report. 278 Section 3.6 Dripping Springs Wash Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Dripping Springs Wash Index to Section 3.0 Geography 1 Hydrogeology 5, 7 Environmental Conditions Instream Flow Claims 13 Population 20, 22 Water Supply Groundwater 24 Cultural Water Demand Municipal Demand Section 3.6 DRAFT 31, 32 Dripping Springs Wash Basin 279 Section 3.7 Duncan Valley Basin 280 c Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.7.1 Geography of the Duncan Valley Basin The Duncan Valley Basin is a relatively small, 550 square mile basin on the eastern edge of the planning area. Geographic features and principal communities are shown on Figure 3.7-1. The basin is characterized by mid-elevation mountain ranges, desert scrub and grassland vegetation. 281 • Principal geographic features shown on Figure 3.7-1 are: o Principal basin community of Duncan o Gila River, flowing north from New Mexico in the vicinity of Duncan and exiting the basin west of Guthrie o Cold Creek, Linden Creek, Apache Creek and Bitter Creek northeast of Duncan o The Peloncillo Mountains west of Duncan along the basin boundary • Not well shown on Figure 3.7-1 are: o Big Lue Mountains along the northern boundary, which include the highest point in the basin at 7,022 feet o Summit Mountains along the northeastern boundary with New Mexico Section 3.7 Duncan Valley Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R30E T4S R32E T6S T8S ! Duncan NEW MEXICO GREENLEE COUNTY GRAHAM COUNTY T10S COCHISE COUNTY T12S 0 3 ¨ c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Base Map: USGS 1:500,000, 1981 Section 3.7 DRAFT Duncan Valley Basin 6 Miles COUNTY State Boundary City, Town or Place ! Figure 3.7-1 Duncan Valley Basin Geographic Features 282 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.7.2 Land Ownership in the Duncan Valley Basin Land ownership, including the percentage of ownership in each category, is shown for the Duncan Valley Basin in Figure 3.7-2. Principal features of land ownership in this basin are the two contiguous sections of State Trust Lands and a significant amount of Bureau of Land Management lands. A description of land ownership data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.8. Land ownership categories are discussed below in the order of percentage from largest to smallest in the basin. State Trust • 44.5% of land in this basin is held in trust for public schools and to a lesser extent the University of Arizona and the hospital for disabled miners. • State land ownership in this basin consists of two largely contiguous parcels, north and south of Duncan. • Primary land use is grazing. U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) • 37.8% of land is federally owned and managed by the Safford Office of the Bureau of Land Management. • There are two conservation areas in the basin. The Gila Box National Conservation Area in the northwest corner of the basin and the Peloncillo Mountains Wilderness area in T12S, R32E. • Primary land uses are grazing and recreation. Private • 11.9% of land ownership is private. • The majority of private land in this basin is around the town of Duncan and along State Highway 75. • There are a few private land in-holdings within BLM and national forest lands. • Primary land uses are domestic, commercial and ranching. National Forest and Wilderness • 5.8% of land is federally owned and managed as national forest and wilderness. • All national forest land in this basin is in the Apache-Sitgreaves National Forest, Clifton Ranger District. • Primary land uses are timber production and recreation. 283 Section 3.7 Duncan Valley Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 APACHE-SITGREAVES NATIONAL FOREST R30E T4S R32E 78 GILA BOX RIPARIAN NATIONAL CONSERVATION AREA T6S GRAHAM COUNTY GREENLEE COUNTY 191 70 T8S Duncan NEW MEXICO 75 T10S COCHISE COUNTY T12S Land Ownership (Percentage in Basin) 0 3 6 Miles State Trust (44.5%) U.S. Bureau of Land Management (37.8%) Private (11.9%) National Forest & Wilderness (5.8%) National Conservation Area c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Source: ALRIS, 2004 Bureau of Land Mangement, 1999 Section 3.7 DRAFT Duncan Valley Basin Figure 3.7-2 Duncan Valley Basin Land Ownership COUNTY State Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place 284 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.7.3 Climate of the Duncan Valley Basin Climate data from a NOAA/NWS Coop Network station is complied in Table 3.7-1 and the location is shown on Figure 3.7-3. The Duncan Valley Basin does not contain Evaporation Pan, AZMET and SNOTEL/Snowcourse stations. A description of the climate data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.3. NOAA/NWS Coop Network • Refer to Table 3.7-1A. • There is one NOAA/NWS Coop network station in the basin at Duncan located at 3,660 feet. • Average maximum temperature at the station is 80.2°F and average minimum temperature is 41.3°F. • Annual average precipitation is 12.28 inches. • The highest seasonal precipitation at this station, 5.50 inches, occurs in the summer (JulySeptember) and the lowest, 1.00 inches, occurs in the spring (April-June). • Other precipitation data shows rainfall as high as 20 inches in the Peloncillo Mountains and the Big Lue Mountains and as low as 12 inches in the vicinity of Duncan. • In general, precipitation increases as the altitude increases. This basin contains the smallest variation in precipitation in the planning area, only 10 inches separates the areas of highest average annual precipitation from the lowest. 285 Section 3.7 Duncan Valley Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.7-1 Climate Data for the Duncan Valley Basin A. NOAA/NWS Co-op Network: Station Name Duncan Elevation (in feet) Period of Record Used for Averages 3,660 Average Temperature Range (in F) Average Total Precipitation (in inches) Max/Month Min/Month Winter Spring Summer Fall Annual 1971-2000 80.2/Jul 41.3/Dec 2.52 1.00 5.50 3.26 12.28 Period of Record Used for Averages Avg. Annual Evap (in inches) Source: WRCC, 2003. B. Evaporation Pan: Elevation (in feet) Station Name None Source: WRCC, 2003. C. AZMET: Station Name Elevation (in feet) Period of Record Used for Averages Average Annual Reference Evaportranspiration, in inches (number of years to calculate averages) None Source: Arzona Meteorologcal Network, 2005 D. SNOTEL/Snowcourse: Station Name Elevation (in feet) Period of Record Used for Averages Average Snowpack, at Beginning of the Month, as Inches Snow Water Content (Number of measurements to calculate average) Jan. Feb. March April May June None Source: Natural Resources Conservaton Servce, 2005 Section 3.7 DRAFT Duncan Valley Basin 286 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 18 R30E T4S R32E 16 78 14 T6S GREENLEE COUNTY 12 GRAHAM COUNTY 16 191 75 14 12 Duncan T10S 16 70 18 T8S NEW MEXICO Duncan 14 COCHISE COUNTY 16 Average Annual Precipitation (1961-1990) inches per year T12S 10-12 12-14 14-16 16-18 0 3 18-20 6 Miles Meteorological Stations WRCC c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Precipitation Data Source: Oregon State University, 1998 287 Figure 3.7-3 Duncan Valley Basin Meteorological Stations and Annual Precipitation Precipitation Contour 12 COUNTY State Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.7 Duncan Valley Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.7.4 Surface Water Conditions in the Duncan Valley Basin Streamflow data, including average seasonal flow, average annual flow and other information is shown in Table 3.7-2. Flood ALERT equipment in the basin as of September 2004 is shown on Table 3.7-3. Reservoir and stockpond data, including maximum storage or maximum surface area of large reservoirs and type of use of the stored water, are shown in Table 3.7-4. The location of streamflow gages, using the USGS number, is shown on Figure 3.7-4. The location of large reservoirs as well as USGS runoff contours are also shown on Figure 3.7-4. A description of stream data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.16. A description of reservoir data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.11. A description of stockpond data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.15. Streamflow Data • Refer to Table 3.7-2. • Data from two stations located at the Gila River are shown on the table and on Figure 3.74. • The average seasonal flow as a percentage of annual flow is highest in the Winter (JanuaryMarch) and lowest in the Spring (April-June). • Only one station, Clifton, has more than one year of annual flow record. At this station, maximum annual flow was 480,118 acre-feet in 1915 and minimum annual flow was 17,670 acre-feet in 1956. There are 69 years of annual flow record for this station. Flood ALERT Equipment • Refer to Table 3.7-3. • There is one station in the basin as of October 2005. • This station is a precipitation station. Reservoirs and Stockponds • Refer to Table 3.7-4. • There is one large reservoir and two small reservoirs in this basin. • The large reservoir has a maximum surface area of 124 acres. This reservoir is used for fire protection or is a stock/farm pond. • The two small reservoirs have a total surface area of 38 acres. • There are an estimated 373 stockponds in this basin. Runoff Contour • Refer to Figure 3.7-4. • Average annual runoff varies from 0.5 inches at the northern tip of the basin to 0.2 inches in the southern portion of the basin. Section 3.7 DRAFT Duncan Valley Basin 288 USGS Station Name Contributing Drainage Mean Basin Area (in sq. Elevation (in feet) miles) Period of Record 39 Winter 16 Spring Fall 289 Minimum Median 23 22 17,670 (1956) 114,417 1 69 1 Years of Annual Flow Record Duncan Valley Basin DRAFT 480,118 (1915) Maximum Section 3.7 147,837 Mean Annual Flow (in acre-feet/year) No statstcs run, less than 3 years data Summer Average Seasonal Flow (% of annual flow) Notes: NA=Not avalable to ADWR Statstcs based on Calendar Year Annual Flow statstcs based on monthly values Summaton of Average Annual Flows may not equal 100 due to roundng. Perod of record may not equal Year of Record used for annual Flow/Year statstcs due to only usng years wth a 12 month record 1 Year 2003 was the only year wth 12 months of data 9439000 Gla Rver at 3,586 NA 11/02-current Duncan Gla Rver near 9442000 4,010 6,250 11/1910-current Clfton Sources: USGS NWIS; Pope et al, USGS 1998; and Fsk et al., USGS 2003. Station Number Table 3.7-2 Streamflow Data for the Duncan Valley Basin Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.7 DRAFT Duncan Cty Hall 595 Duncan Valley Basin Station Name Station ID Precptaton Station Type 12/3/1996 Install Date Town of Clfton Responsibility Table 3.7-3 Flood ALERT Equipment in the Duncan Valley Basin 290 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.7-4 Reservoirs and Stockponds in the Duncan Valley Basin A. Large Reservoirs (500 acre-feet capacity and greater) MAP KEY RESERVOIR/LAKE NAME (Name of dam, if different) OWNER/OPERATOR MAXIMUM STORAGE (AF) USE JURISDICTION USE2 JURISDICTION P Landowner None dentfed by ADWR at ths tme B. Other Large Reservoirs (50 acre surface area or greater)1 MAP KEY RESERVOIR/LAKE NAME (Name of dam, if different) 1 Lost MAXIMUM OWNER/OPERATOR SURFACE AREA (acres) Prvate 124 C. Small Reservoirs (greater than 15 acre-feet and less than 500 acre-feet capacity) Total number: 0 Total maximum storage: 0 acre-feet D. Other Small Reservoirs (between 5 and 50 acres surface area)1 Total number: 2 Total surface area: 38 acres E. Stockponds (up to 15 acre-feet capacity) Total number: 373 (from water right filings) Notes: Capacty data not avalable to ADWR 2 P=fre protecton, stock or farm pond 1 291 Section 3.7 Duncan Valley Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 510 R30E T4S 0.5 R32E 515 78 9442000 T6S GREENLEE COUNTY 191 NEW MEXICO GRAHAM COUNTY 75 la Gi r ve Ri T8S 9439000 70 Duncan 595 0. 2 1 T10S COCHISE COUNTY T12S 0 c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Stream Data Source: ALRIS, 2005 Section 3.7 DRAFT Duncan Valley Basin 3 6 Miles Figure 3.7-4 Duncan Valley Basin Surface Water Conditions USGS Annual Runoff Contour for 1951-1980 (in inches) Stream Channel (width of line reflects stream order) Reservoir > 500 AF Capacity Stream Gages USGS 2 1 Flood COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place 292 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.7.5 Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major Springs in the Duncan Valley Basin Major and minor springs with discharge rates and date of measurement, and the total number of springs in the basin are shown in Table 3.7-5. The locations of major springs as well as perennial and intermittent streams are shown on Figure 3.7-5. A description of data sources and methods for intermittent and perennial reaches is found in Volume 1, 1.3.16. A description of spring data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.14. • • • • • • • 293 There is one perennial stream, the Gila River, in the northern portion of the basin. Several intermittent streams are located in the northeastern portion and along the western boundary of the basin. The Gila River is also an intermittent stream through a portion of the basin. There are two major springs with a measured discharge of 10 gallons per minute (gpm) or greater at any time. Listed discharge rates may not be indicative of current conditions. Most of the measurements were taken prior to 1983. Only the minor spring measurement post-dates 1983. Both major springs are located in the northern portion of the basin. The greatest discharge rate was measured at Gillard Hot Spring, 30 gpm. Springs with measured discharge of 1 to 10 gpm are not mapped but coordinates are given in Table 3.7-5. There is one minor spring identified in this basin. The total number of springs identified by the USGS varies from 30 to 36, depending on the database reference. Section 3.7 Duncan Valley Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.7-5 Springs in the Duncan Valley Basin A. Major Springs (10 gpm or greater): Locaton Lattude Dscharge Date Dscharge 1 Measured Longtude (n gpm) Gllard Hot 325823 1092059 30 03/1981 Bert's Shack 325654 1090347 15 04/1981 Map Key Name 1 2 B. Minor Springs (1 to 10 gpm): Name 2 Zwan Locaton Lattude Dscharge Date Dscharge 1 Measured Longtude (n gpm) 325708 1091655 6 07/1992 C. Total number of springs, regardless of discharge, identified by USGS (see ALRIS, 2005 and NHD, 2006): 30 to 36 Notes: Most recent measurement dentfed by ADWR 2 Locaton approxmated by ADWR 1 Section 3.7 DRAFT Duncan Valley Basin 294 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R30E T4S R32E 78 1 a Riv e r G il T6S GRAHAM COUNTY 191 a Ap e ch C re ek 2 NEW MEXICO GREENLEE COUNTY 75 T8S 70 Duncan T10S COCHISE COUNTY T12S 0 3 6 Miles 1 Springs Intermittent Streams ARIZONA O DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES c Stream Data Source: AGFD, 1993 & 1997 Brown and Carmony,1981 295 Figure 3.7-5 Duncan Valley Basin Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major (>10 gpm) Springs Perennial Streams COUNTY State Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.7 Duncan Valley Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.7.6 Groundwater Conditions of the Duncan Valley Basin Major aquifers, well yields, estimated natural recharge, estimated water in storage, number of index wells and date of last water-level sweep are shown in Table 3.7-6. Figure 3.7-6 shows aquifer flow direction and water-level change between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004. Figure 3.7-7 contains hydrographs for selected wells shown on Figure 3.7-6. Figure 3.7-8 shows well yields in five yield categories. A description of aquifer data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.2. A description of well data sources and methods, including water-level changes and well yields is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.19. Major Aquifers • Refer to Table 3.7-6 and Figure 3.7-6. • The major aquifers in the basin are recent stream alluvium, consisting of gravel and sand underlain by clay, and Gila Formation sedimentary rock, consisting of poorly consolidated sand, silt and gravel. • The principal source of groundwater is the recent stream alluvium. • Flow direction is generally from the south to the northwest. Well Yields • Refer to Table 3.7-6 and Figure 3.7-8. • As shown on Figure 3.7-8 well yields in this basin range from less than 100 gallons per minute (gpm) to more than 2,000 gpm. • One source of well yield information, based on 160 reported wells, indicates that the median well yield in this basin is 850 gpm. • Well yields are varied in this basin. Natural Recharge • Refer to Table 3.7-6. • There are three natural recharge estimates for this basin ranging from 6,000 acre-feet per year to 14,200 acre-feet per year. The latter, from a 1994 ADWR study, is the most recent. Water in Storage • Refer to Table 3.7-6. • There are three storage estimates for this basin ranging from nine million acre-feet to 19 million acre-feet to a depth of 1,200 feet. The latter, from a 1994 ADWR study, is the most recent. • The predevelopment storage estimate is nine million acre-feet. Water Level • Refer to Figure 3.7-6. Water levels are shown for wells measured in 2003-2004. • The Department annually measures 12 index wells in this basin. • In 1987, the year of the last water level sweep, 182 wells were measured. Section 3.7 DRAFT Duncan Valley Basin 296 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 • • • 297 Depth to water varies in this basin with the deepest recorded water level measured during 2003-2004 at 504 feet at the northwestern basin boundary and the shallowest at 21 feet in the vicinity of Duncan. All recorded wells in this basin have declined between 1 and 15 feet between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004. Hydrographs corresponding to selected wells shown on Figure 3.7-6 but covering a longer time period are shown in Figure 3.7-7. Section 3.7 Duncan Valley Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.7-6 Groundwater Data for the Duncan Valley Basin Basin Area, in square miles: 550 Name and/or Geologic Units Recent Stream Alluvum Major Aquifer(s): Sedmentary Rock (Gla Formaton) Well Yields, in gal/min: Estimated Natural Recharge, in acre-feet/year: Estimated Water Currently in Storage, in acre-feet: NA Measured by ADWR and/or USGS Range 4 - 4,000 Medan 850 (165 wells reported) Reported on regstraton forms for large (> 10-nch) dameter wells Range few - 2,350 ADWR (1994) Range 0 - 2,500 Annng and Duet, USGS (1994) 14,200 ADWR (1994) 6,000 Freethey and Anderson (1986) 8,000 Arzona Water Commsson (1975) 19,000,000 (to 1,200 ft) ADWR (1994) 9,000,0001 (to 1,200 ft) Freethey and Anderson (1986) 19,000,000 (to 1,200 ft) Arzona Water Commsson (1975) Current Number of Index Wells: 12 Date of Last Water-level Sweep: 1987 (182 wells measured) Notes: NA = Not Avalable 1 Predevelopment Estmate Section 3.7 DRAFT Duncan Valley Basin 298 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R30E T4S R32E 78 A 504 193 T6S GRAHAM COUNTY GREENLEE COUNTY 191 B 29 50 T8S 70 21 C 68 Duncan NEW MEXICO 75 48 131 T10S COCHISE COUNTY T12S Water-level change in feet between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004 H 375 0 3 6 Miles number is depth to water in feet letter is hydrograph Between -15 and -1 Generalized Flow Direction Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments COUNTY Figure 3.7-6 Duncan Valley Basin Groundwater Conditions c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES 299 State Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.7 Duncan Valley Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Figure 3.7-7 Duncan Valley Basin Hydrographs Showing Depth to Water in Selected Wells Depth To Water In Feet Below Land Surface 475 A WELL DEPTH: UNKNOWN USE: STOCK 525 1975 B 1985 WELL DEPTH: 75ft USE: IRRIGATION 0 50 0 1975 C 1985 1995 1975 Duncan Valley Basin 1985 2005 recent stream alluvium D-07-31 04BCC 1995 WELL DEPTH: UNKNOWN USE: STOCK 50 Section 3.7 DRAFT basin fill D-05-30 17ABA 2005 basin fill D-08-32 18CCD 1995 2005 300 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R30E T4S R32E 78 T6S GRAHAM COUNTY GREENLEE COUNTY 191 75 T8S 70 NEW MEXICO Duncan T10S COCHISE COUNTY T12S Well Yields Greater than 2000 gals/min Between 1000 and 2000 gals/min Between 500 and 1000 gals/min 0 3 6 Miles Between 100 and 500 gals/min Less than 100 gals/min Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments COUNTY Figure 3.7-8 Duncan Valley Basin Well Yields ARIZONA O DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES c 301 State Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.7 Duncan Valley Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.7.7 Water Quality of the Duncan Valley Basin Drinking water standard exceedences in wells, springs and mine sites including location and parameter(s) exceeded are shown in Table 3.7-7A. Impaired lakes and streams with site type, name, length of impaired stream reach, area of impaired lake, designated use standard and parameter(s) exceeded is shown in Table 3.7-7B. Figure 3.7-9 shows the location of exceedences and impairment keyed to Table 3.7-7. A description of water quality data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.18. Not all parameters were measured at all sites; selective sampling for particular constituents is common. Wells, Springs and Mines • Refer to Table 3.7-7A. • Drinking water standard exceedences have been reported for 37 wells in the basin. • In the vicinity of Duncan almost all of the parameter exceedences in the sites measured were fluoride and arsenic. • The parameter most frequently exceeded in this basin was arsenic. • Other parameters exceeded in the sites measured in this basin included nitrate, total dissolved solids, mercury, cadmium and radionuclides. Lakes and Streams • Refer to Table 3.7-7B. • Water quality standards were exceeded in one 15 mile reach of the Gila River. • The parameter exceeded in this reach was selenium. • There are no Total Daily Maximum Load (TMDL) reports for this impaired reach. Section 3.7 DRAFT Duncan Valley Basin 302 303 Map Key 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Site Type Township 5 South 5 South 5 South 5 South 5 South 5 South 6 South 6 South 6 South 6 South 7 South 8 South 8 South 8 South 8 South 8 South 8 South 8 South 8 South 9 South 9 South 9 South 9 South 9 South 9 South 9 South 9 South 9 South 9 South 9 South 9 South 9 South A. Wells, Springs and Mines Site Location Range 29 East 30 East 30 East 30 East 30 East 30 East 30 East 30 East 31 East 32 East 31 East 32 East 32 East 32 East 32 East 32 East 32 East 32 East 32 East 31 East 32 East 32 East 32 East 32 East 32 East 32 East 32 East 32 East 32 East 32 East 32 East 32 East Section 27 10 10 10 10 24 1 2 19 8 28 8 17 17 18 19 19 21 29 2 3 4 4 5 8 9 9 9 15 19 28 28 Section 3.7 Parameter(s) Exceeding Drinking Water Standard2 F As As As As Hg As F As As Cd As As As F As As As, NO3 F As, F As, TDS As As, F As, F F F F As, F As, F F F F Table 3.7-7 Water Quality Exceedences in the Duncan Valley Basin1 Duncan Valley Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.7 DRAFT Well Well Well Well Well Site Type Stream a 15 Site Name Gla Rver (Skully Creek-San Francsco Rver) Site Location Range 32 East 31 East 32 East 32 East 32 East Length of Impaired Stream Reach (in miles) Township 9 South 10 South 10 South 10 South 12 South NA Area of Impaired Lake (in acres) Section 34 35 21 21 14 Duncan Valley Basin A&W Designated Use Standard3 Se Parameter(s) Exceeding Use Standard2 Parameter(s) Exceeding Drinking Water Standard2 F As, NO3 F As, F Rad Notes: Because of map scale feature locatons may appear dfferent than the locaton ndcated on the table NA = Not applcable 1 Water qualty samples collected between 1986 and 2004. 2 As = Arsenc Cd = Cadmum F= Fluorde Pb = Lead Hg = Mercury NO3 = Ntrate/Ntrte Rad = One or more of the followng radonucldes - Gross Alpha, Gross Beta, Radum, and Uranum Se = Selenum TDS = Total Dssolved Solds 3 A&W = Aquatc and Wldlfe Site Type Map Key B. Lakes and Streams Map Key 33 34 35 36 37 A. Wells, Springs and Mines (con't) Table 3.7-7 Water Quality Exceedences in the Duncan Valley Basin1 304 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R30E T4S 2 R32E 3-5 78 6 a 8 GRAHAM COUNTY 10 7 T6S GREENLEE COUNTY 191 9 NEW MEXICO 1 75 11 T8S 12 13 15 14 70 17 18 Duncan 16 19 20 22 24 21 23 25 26 29 27, 28 30 31, 32 33 35, 36 T10S 34 COCHISE COUNTY 37 T12S 0 3 6 Miles Well , Spring or Mine Site with Recorded MCL Exceedence Impaired Stream or Lake 1 a Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Figure 3.7-9 Duncan Valley Basin Water Quality Conditions c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES 305 Unconsolidated Sediments COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.7 Duncan Valley Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.7.8 Cultural Water Demands in the Duncan Valley Basin Cultural water demand data including population, number of wells and the average well pumpage and surface water diversions by the municipal, industrial and agricultural sectors are shown in Table 3.7-8. Effluent generation including facility ownership, location, population served and not served, volume treated, disposal method and treatment level is shown on Table 3.7-9. Figure 3.7-10 shows the location of demand centers. A description of cultural water demand data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.5. More detailed information on cultural water demands is found in Section 3.0.7. Cultural Water Demands • • • • • • • • • • • Refer to Table 3.7-8 and Figure 3.7-10. Population increased only minimally between 1980 and 2000. Projections suggest a more rapid growth rate through 2050. Total groundwater use has fluctuated between 1971 and 2003. The highest average annual groundwater use in this basin was from 1976 to 1980 at 24,000 acre-feet per year. Surface water diversions have also fluctuated between 1971 and 2003. The highest average annual surface-water diversions were from 1981 to 1985 at 22,000 acre-feet per year. Years with lower surface-water diversions coincide with years of increased groundwater use. All surface water demand between 1991 and 2003 has been for agriculture. The majority of agricultural demand is in the vicinity of Duncan with other small blocks of agricultural demand along Highway 75. The highest concentration of municipal and industrial demand, including a golf course, is along Highway 75 near the small town of York. Industrial demand in this basin is comparable to historic levels with an average of 300 acrefeet per year for the period from 1991-2003. Municipal demand has remained relatively constant as well, with an average of 650 acrefeet per year for the period from 2001-2003. As of 2003 there were 893 registered wells with a pumping capacity of less than or equal to 35 gallons per minute and 263 wells with a pumping capacity of more than 35 gallons per minute. Effluent Generation • Refer to Table 3.7-9. • There is one wastewater treatment facility, the Duncan Wastewater Treatment Facility, located at Duncan. • 600 people are served by the facility. • 45 acre-feet of effluent per year is generated by the facility and disposed of in an evaporation pond. Section 3.7 DRAFT Duncan Valley Basin 306 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.7-8 Cultural Water Demands in the Duncan Valley Basin1 Year Recent Average Annual Demand (in acre-feet) (Census) and Number of Registered Water Supply Wells Drilled Projected Well Pumpage Surface-Water Diversions (DES) Q < 35 gpm Q > 35 gpm Municipal Industrial Irrigation Municipal Industrial Irrigation Population 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 3,225 1981 3,210 1982 3,195 1983 3,181 1984 3,166 1985 3,151 1986 3,136 1987 3,122 1988 3,107 1989 3,092 1990 3,077 1991 3,162 1992 3,247 1993 3,332 1994 3,417 1995 3,502 1996 3,587 1997 3,672 1998 3,757 1999 3,842 2000 3,927 2001 3,948 2002 3,969 2003 3,989 2010 4,135 2020 4,420 2030 4,787 2040 5,185 2050 5,667 ADDITIONAL WELLS: 3 WELL TOTALS: 6862 245 21,000 13,000 24,000 16,000 Data Source 2 ADWR (1994) 75 6 12,000 22,000 18 4 7,000 20,000 42 0 650 300 5,900 NR NR 21,500 46 4 800 300 8,300 NR NR 18,500 15 4 650 300 11,500 NR NR 14,500 11 893 263 USGS (2005) Gla Water Commssoner (2006) Notes: NR=Not reported 1 Does not nclude evaporaton losses from stockponds and reservors. 2 Includes all wells through June 1980. 3 Other water-supply wells are lsted n the ADWR Well Regstry for ths basn, but they do not have completon dates. These wells are summed here. 307 Section 3.7 Duncan Valley Basin DRAFT Town of Duncan Duncan WWTF Section 3.7 DRAFT Duncan Duncan Valley Basin Notes: NA: Data not currently avalable to ADWR WWTF: Wastewater Treatment Faclty Ownership Facility Name City/Location Served 600 Population Served 45 Volume Treated/Generated (acre-feet/year) Water course X Golf Evaporation Irrigation Course/Turf Pond Irrigation Wildlife Area Disposal Method Table 3.7-9 Effluent Generation in the Duncan Valley Basin Discharge to Another Facility Groundwater Recharge Secondary Current Treatment Level NA Population Not Served 308 2000 Year of Record Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R30E T4S R32E 78 T6S GRAHAM COUNTY GREENLEE COUNTY 191 75 70 T8S Duncan T10S COCHISE COUNTY T12S 0 3 6 Miles Demand Centers Figure 3.7-10 Duncan Valley Basin Cultural Water Demands c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Agriculture M&I - High Intensity Large Mine COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place Primary Data Source: USGS National Gap Analysis Program, 2004 309 Section 3.7 Duncan Valley Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.7.9 Water Adequacy Determinations in the Duncan Valley Basin Water adequacy determination information including the subdivision name, location, number of lots, adequacy determination, reason for the inadequacy determination, date of determination and subdivision water provider are shown in Table 3.7-10. Figure 3.7-11 shows the locations of subdivisions keyed to the Table. A description of the Water Adequacy Program is found in Volume 1, Appendix A. Adequacy determination data sources and methods are found in Volume 1, Sections 1.3.1 • • • • Three water adequacy determinations have been made in this basin through May, 2005. One determination of inadequacy has been made in the northern portion of the basin near Highway 78. The determination of inadequacy was because the applicant chose not to submit necessary information and/or available hydrologic data was insufficient to make a determination. All lots receiving a water adequacy determination are in Greenlee County. Of the 263 lots, 61 lots or 23% were determined to be adequate. Section 3.7 DRAFT Duncan Valley Basin 310 311 Greenlee Hunter Estates # 2 2 3 8 South 5 South 4 South 8 South Township 32 East 31 East 31 East 32 East Range Location 8 6 29, 31 8 Section 32 NA 207 29 No. of Lots ADWR File No.2 Adequate Inadequate Adequate ADWR Adequacy Determination A1 Reason(s) for Inadequacy Determination3 07/18/80 05/10/84 11/07/79 Date of Determination Dry Lot Subdvson Dry Lot Subdvson Dry Lot Subdvson Water Provider at the Time of Application Section 3.7 Notes: 1 Each determnaton of the adequacy of water supples avalable to a subdvson s based on the nformaton avalable to ADWR and the standards of revew and polces n effect at the tme the determnaton was made. In some cases, ADWR mght make a dfferent determnaton f a smlar applcaton were submtted today, based on the hydrologc data and other nformaton currently avalable, as well as current rules and polces. 2 Pror to February 1995, ADWR dd not assgn fle numbers to applcatons for adequacy determnaton. 3 A. Physcal/Contnuous 1) Insuffcent Data (applcant chose not to submt necessary nformaton, and/or avalable hydrologc data nsuffcent to make determnaton) 2) Insuffcent Supply (exstng water supply unrelable or physcally unavable;for groundwater, depth-to-water exceeds crtera) 3) Insuffcent Infrastructure (dstrbuton system s nsuffcent to meet demands or applcant proposed water haulng) B. Legal (applcant faled to demonstrate a legal rght to use the water or faled to demonstrate the provder's legal authorty to serve the subdvson) C. Water Qualty D. Unable to locate records NA= Data not currently avalable to ADWR Greenlee Greenlee Gla Vsta # 1 Greenlee Mountan Ranchettes County 1 Subdivision Name Map Key Table 3.7-10 Adequacy Determinations in the Duncan Valley Basin1 Duncan Valley Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R30E T4S R32E 2 78 GREENLEE COUNTY T6S 191 GRAHAM COUNTY 75 3 T8S Duncan NEW MEXICO 1 70 T10S COCHISE T12S COUNTY 0 3 6 Miles Adequacy Determinations Adequate Inadequate Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments Figure 3.7-11 Duncan Valley Basin Adequacy Determinations c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Section 3.7 DRAFT Duncan Valley Basin COUNTY State Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place 312 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Duncan Valley Basin References and Supplemental Reading References A Anderson, T.W., and Freethey, G.W., 1995, Simulation of groundwater flow in alluvial basins in south central Arizona and parts of adjacent states: USGS Professional Paper 1406-D. Anning, D.W. and Duet, N.R., 1994, Summary of ground-water conditions in Arizona, 1987-90, USGS Open-file Report 94-476. Arizona Corporation Commission, 2005, Annual reports, Private Sewer companies, 1990 to 2005: ACC Utilities Division. _____, 2005, Annual reports, Small water providers, 1990 to 2005: ACC Utilities Division. *Arizona Department of Economic Security, 2005, Workforce Informer: Data file, accessed August 2005, http://www.workforce.az.gov. Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, 2005, Active dairy farms & feedlots: Data file, received October 2005. *____, 2005, ADEQSWI: Data file, received September 2005. *____, 2005, ADEQWATP: Data file, received May 2005. *____, 2005, ADEQWWTP: Data file, received August 2005. *____, 2005, Azurite: Data file, received September 2005. _____, 2005, Effluent dependent waters: GIS cover, received December 2005. *____, 2005, Impaired lakes and reaches: GIS cover, received January 2006. _____, 2005, Surface water sources used by water providers: Data file, received June 2005. *____, 2005, WWTP and permit files: Miscellaneous working files, received July 2005. *____, 2004, Water providers with arsenic concentrations in wells over 10ppb: Data file, received August 2004. *____, 2004, Water quality exceedences by watershed: Data file, received June 2004. *____, 2004, Water quality exceedences for drinking water providers in Arizona: Data file, received September 2004. * Arizona Department of Mines and Mineral Resources (ADMMR), 2005, Active mines in Arizona: Database, accessed at http:// www.admmr.state.az.us. * Arizona Department of Water Resources, 2006, Assured and adequate water supply applications: Project files, ADWR Hydrology Division. *____, 2005, Agricultural Surface Water Use Estimates: Unpublished analysis, ADWR Office of Resource Assessment Planning. *____, 2005, Automated recorder sites: Data files, ADWR Basic Data Unit. _____, 2005, 2004 rural water provider questionnaire: Data files, ADWR Office of Resource Assessment Planning. *____, 2005, Assured and adequate water supply determinations: Database, ADWR Office of Assured and Adequate Water Supply. All references marked with an asterisk contain information that was directly used in the basin summaries, tables or maps. 313 Section 3.7 Duncan Valley Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 *____, 2005, Flood warning gages: Database, ADWR Office of Water Engineering. *____, 2005, Inspected dams: Database, ADWR Office of Dam Safety. *____, 2005, Non-jurisdictional dams: Database, ADWR Office of Dam Safety. *____, 2005, Groundwater Site Inventory (GWSI): Database, ADWR Hydrology Division. *____, 2005, Registry of surface water rights: ADWR Office of Water Management. *____, 2005, Water use by golf courses in rural Arizona: Unpublished analysis, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 2005, Wells55: Database. _____, 2004, Rural Water Resources 2003 Questionnaire Report: Rural water resources study, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 2002, Groundwater quality exceedences in rural Arizona from 1975 to 2001: Data file, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 1994, Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Vol. I, Inventory and Analysis. *____, 1994, Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Vol. II, Hydrologic Summary. *Arizona Game and Fish Department, 2005, Arizona Waterways: Data file, received April 2005. *____, 1997 & 1993, Statewide riparian inventory and mapping project: GIS cover. _____, 1982, Arizona Lakes Classification Study. * Arizona Land Resource Information System (ALRIS), 2005, Surface Beneficiaries, GIS cover, accessed September 2006 at http://sco.az.gov/website/parcels/viewer.htm *____, 2005, Springs: GIS cover, accessed January 2006 at http://www.land.state. az.us/alris/ index.html. *____, 2005, Streams: GIS cover, accessed 2005 at http://www.land.state.az. us/alris/index.html. *____, 2005, Water features: GIS cover, accessed July 2005 at http://www.land. state.az.us/alris/ index.html. *____, 2004, Land ownership: GIS cover, accessed in 2004 at http://www.land.state. az.us/alris/index.html. Arizona Meteorological Network (AZMET), 2005, Arizona climate stations: Pan evaporation date, accessed December 2005 at http://www.ag.arizona.edu/ azmet/locate.html. *Arizona Water Commission, 1975, Summary, Phase I, Arizona State Water Plan, Inventory of resource and uses. B *Bureau of Land Management, 2005, Springs in the Safford region: Data file received January 2005. D *Diroll, M., and Marsh, D., 2006, Status of water quality in Arizona-2004 integrated 305(b) assessment and 303(d) listing report: ADEQ report. E Environmental Protection Agency, 2005, Surf Your Watershed: Facility reports, accessed April 2005 at http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/ef_home2.water. _____, 2005, 2000 and 1996, Clean Watershed Needs Survey: datasets, accessed March 2005 at http://www.epa.gov/owm/mtb/ cwns/index.htm. Section 3.7 DRAFT Duncan Valley Basin 314 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 F *Fisk, G.G., Duet, D.W., Evans, C.E., Angernoth, N.K., and Longsworth, S.A., 2004, Water Resources Data, Arizona Water Year 2003: USGS Water-Data Report AZ-03-1. *Freethey, G.W. and Anderson, T.W. 1986, Predevelopment hydrologic conditions in the alluvial basins of Arizona and adjacent parts of California and New Mexico: USGS Hydrologic Investigations Atlas-HA664. G *Gila Water Commissioner, 2006, Distribution of Waters of the Gila River, Annual Report No. 70 (year 2005), prepared for the U.S. District Court. K Konieczki, A.D. and Wilson, R.P., 1992, Annual summary of ground-water conditions in Arizona, spring 1986 to spring 1987: USGS Open File Report 92-54. M McCormack, H.F., Fisk, G.G., Duet, N.R., Evans, D.W., Roberts, W.P., and Castillo, N.K., 2002, Water resources data Arizona, water year 2002: USGS Water Data Report AZ-02-1. N Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), 2005, SNOTEL (Snowpack Telemetry) stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www3.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov/ nwcc/ sntlsites.jsp?state=AZ. _____, 2005, Snow Course stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www.wcc.nrcs. usda.gov/nwcc/snow-course-sites.jsp?state=AZ O *Oregon State University, Spatial Climate Analysis Service (SCAS), 2006, Average annual precipitation in Arizona for 1961-1990: PRISM GIS cover, accessed in 2006 at www.ocs. orst.edu/prism. P *Pope, G.L., Rigas, P.D., and Smith, C.F., 1998, Statistical summaries of streamflow data and characteristics of drainage basins for selected streamflow-gaging stations in Arizona through water year 1996: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 98-4225. S Sundie, D.W., 1990, Draft outline of basin profiles for the state water assessment: ADWR Statewide Planning Division, Memorandum to L. Linser, January, 16, 1990. T *Tadayon, S., 2004, Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectric-power, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of the active management areas, 1991-2000: USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5293, 27 pp. 315 Section 3.7 Duncan Valley Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 U US Army Corps of Engineers, 2004 and 2005, National Inventory of Dams: Arizona Dataset, accessed November 2004 to April 2005 at http://crunch.tec.army.mil/nid /webpages/nid. cfm *US Geological Survey, 2006, Average annual runoff in the United States, 1951-1980: Data file, accessed March 2006 at http://aa179.cr.usgs.gov/metadata /wrdmeta/runoff.htm. *____, 2006, Springs and spring discharges: Dataset, received November 2004 and January 2006 from USGS office in Tucson, AZ. *____, 2006, National Hydrography Dataset: Arizona dataset, accessed at http://nhd.usgs.gov/. *____, 2005, National Water Information System (NWIS): Arizona dataset, accessed December 2005 at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis. *____, 2005, Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectric-power, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of the active management areas, 2000-2005: Data file, received December 2005. *____, 2004, Southwest Regional Gap analysis study- land cover descriptions: Electronic file, accessed January 2005 at http://earth.gis.usu.edu /swgap. *____, 1981, Geographic digital data for 1:500,000 scale maps: USGS National Mapping Program Data Users Guide. V Valencia, R.A., Wennerlund, J.A., Winstead, R.A., Woods, S., Riley, L., Swanson, E., and Olson, S., 1993, Arizona riparian inventory and mapping project: Arizona Game and Fish Department. W Wahl, C.R., Boe, S.R., Wennerlund, R.A., Winstead, R.A., Allison, L.J., Kubly, D.M., 1997, Remote sensing mapping of Arizona intermittent stream riparian areas: Arizona Game and Fish Technical Report 112. Water Infrastructure Finance Authority of Arizona (WIFA), 2005, Clean Watershed Needs Survey-2004: Unpublished data sheets, received July 2005. Western Regional Climate Center (WRCC), 2005, Pan evaporation stations: Data file accessed December 2005 at http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgiwin/wwcgi. dll?wwDI~GetCity~USA. *____, 2005, Precipitation and temperature stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwDI~GetCity~USA. Wilson, R.P., 1992, Summary of groundwater conditions in Arizona 1985 to 1986: USGS Water Resources Investigation Report, 90-4179. Supplemental Reading Baker, D. L., and King, K. A., 1994, Environmental contaminant investigation of water quality, sediment and biota of the upper Gila River basin, Arizona: US Fish and Wildlife service, Project No. 22410-1130-90-2-053, 53 p. Baldys, Stanley, III, Ham, L.K., and Fossum, K.D., 1995, Summary statistics and trend analysis of Section 3.7 DRAFT Duncan Valley Basin 316 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 water quality data at sites in the Gila River Basin, New Mexico and Arizona: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 95-4083, 86 p. Brown, S. L., Yu, S.K., and Munson, B. E., 1996, The impact of agricultural runoff on the pesticide contamination of a river- a case study on the middle Gila River: ADEQ Open File Report 96-1. Bureau of Land Management, 1999, Gila Box riparian and water quality improvement project: Arizona Water Protection Fund Project WPF 95-014. Harris, R.C., 1997, Distribution of evaporates and implications for water quality in the San Carlos-Safford-Duncan non-point source management zone: AZGS Open-File Report 973, 56 p. Harris, R.C., 1996, Distribution of uranium in rocks and radon levels in water in the San CarlosSafford-Duncan non-point source management zone: AZGS Open-File Report 96-28, 10 p. Huckleberry, G., 1996, Historical geomorphology of the Gila River: AZGS Open –File Report 96-14, 31 p. Konieczki, A.D., Anderson, S.R., 1990, Evaluation of recharge along the Gila River as a result of the October 1983 flood: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 89-4148, 30 p. Richard, S.M., 1998, Map showing the orientation of layering and faults in the San Carlos – Safford - Duncan non-point source management areas: AZGS Open – File Report 98-8 4 p. Tellman, B., Yarde, R. and Wallace, M.G., 1997, Arizona’s Changing Rivers: How People Have Affected the Rivers. Water Resources Research Center, University of Arizona. Trapp, R.A., and Harris, R.C., 1996, Bibliography of the San Carlos-Safford-Duncan non-point source management zone: AZGS Open-File Report 96-20, 58 p. 317 Section 3.7 Duncan Valley Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Duncan Valley Basin Index to Section 3.0 Geography 4 Hydrology 5, 7 Environmental Conditions Instream Flow Claims 13, 14 Conservation Areas, Refuges and Preserves 15 Population 22 Water Supply Surface Water 23 Groundwater 24 Cultural Water Demand Municipal Demand 31, 32, 33 Agricultural Demand 28, 34, 35, 36 Industrial Demand 39, 40 Water Resource Issues in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Watershed Groups 43 Issue Surveys 45, 47 Section 3.7 DRAFT Duncan Valley Basin 318 Section 3.8 Lower San Pedro Basin 319 c Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.8.1 Geography of the Lower San Pedro Basin The Lower San Pedro Basin is a medium-size, 1,624 square mile basin on the western side of the planning area. Geographic features and principal communities are shown on Figure 3.8-1. The basin is characterized by high-elevation mountain ranges, washes and a diversity of vegetation types such as semi-desert grassland, evergreen woodland, desert scrub, chaparral and conifer forest. 320 • Principal geographic features shown on Figure 3.8-1 are: o Principal basin communities of Winkelman, Kearny, San Manuel, Mammoth and Hayden o Smaller basin communities of Redington and Cascabel in the southern half of the basin o San Pedro River running northward from south of Cascabel to Winkleman where it joins the Gila River o Gila River in the vicinity of Kearny and Hayden o Peppersauce, Hot Springs, Buehman, Redfield and Kielberg Canyons south of San Manuel o Tortilla Mountains to the west of Kearny and Hayden • Geographic features not well shown on Figure 3.8-1 are: o Santa Catalina Mountains to the west and southwest of San Manuel o Rincon Mountains along the southwestern boundary, which include the highest point in the basin at 7,960 feet o Dripping Springs Mountains to the northeast o Galiuro Mountains to the southeast. Section 3.8 Lower San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R14E GILA COUNTY T2S GILA COUNTY T4S Kearny ! R16E ! Hayden Winkelman ! T6S R18E GRAHAM COUNTY T8S ! Mammoth San Manuel R20E ! T10S PIMA COUNTY T12S COCHISE COUNTY T14S 0 6 ¨ c O ARIZONA DE PARTMENT OF WATER RE SOURCES Base Map: USGS 1:500,000, 1981 Section 3.8 DRAFT Lower San Pedro Basin Miles COUNTY City, Town or Place ! Figure 3.8-1 Lower San Pedro Basin Geographic Features 321 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.8.2 Land Ownership in the Lower San Pedro Basin Land ownership, including the percentage of ownership in each category, is shown for the Lower San Pedro in Figure 3.8-2. Principal features of land ownership in this basin include the large variety of land ownership types, seven total, and the high proportion of state trust lands. A description of land ownership data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.8. Land ownership categories are discussed below in the order of percentage from largest to smallest in the basin. State Trust • 51.9% of land in this basin is held in trust for public schools and 13 other beneficiaries under the State Trust Land system. • The majority of the land in state ownership is contiguous and located throughout the basin. • Primary land use is grazing. Private • 20.9% of land ownership is private. • Private land is largely fragmented in this basin with one nearly continuous strip running along the two highways in the region, 177 and 77, and the San Pedro River. A sizable portion of private land ownership also exists around the town of San Manuel. • There are a few private land in-holdings in the Coronado National Forest and U.S. Bureau of Land Management lands. • Primary land uses are farming, mining, domestic and commercial. National Forest and Wilderness • 15.3% of the land is federally owned and managed as national forest and wilderness. • The basin contains two forest districts and three ranger districts, the Tonto National Forest, Globe Ranger District and the Coronado National Forest, Santa Catalina Ranger District in the west and the Safford Ranger District in the east. • The basin contains portions of two wilderness areas, the Rincon Mountain Wilderness area, which surrounds Saguaro National Park and the Galiuro Wilderness area in the Safford Ranger District. • Primary land uses are recreation, grazing and timber production. U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) • 9.3% of land is federally owned and managed by the Safford Field Office of the Bureau of Land Management. • BLM ownership is dispersed in small parcels throughout most of the basin. • The Redfield Canyon Wilderness area, managed by the BLM, is located in T11S, R20E. • Primary land uses are grazing and recreation. 322 Section 3.8 Lower San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Indian Reservations • 1.6% of land is under ownership of the San Carlos Apache Tribe. • The small portion of the San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation is located east of Dudleyville. • Primary land use is grazing. Parks, Monuments, Historical and Recreational Sites • 0.8% of land is federally owned and managed by the National Park Service. • A small portion of Saguaro National Park is in the southwestern corner of the basin. • Primary land use is recreation. Other (Game and Fish, County and Bureau of Reclamation Lands) • 0.2% of land is owned by the Bureau of Reclamation • This land is not visible on the map but is located in T4S, R14E. • Primary land use is for water delivery. Section 3.8 DRAFT Lower San Pedro Basin 323 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R14E 60 GILA COUNTY TONTO NATIONAL FOREST T2S 177 T4S Kearny GILA COUNTY R16E Hayden SAN CARLOS INDIAN RESERVATION Dudleyville T6S R18E PINAL COUNTY Mammoth T8S 77 San Manuel R20E GRAHAM COUNTY T10S CORONADO NATIONAL FOREST PIMA COUNTY CORONADO NATIONAL FOREST T12S COCHISE COUNTY Land Ownership (Percentage in Basin) T14S SAGUARO NATIONAL PARK State Trust (51.9%) Private (20.9%) National Forest & Wilderness (15.3%) 0 c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Source: ALRIS , 2004 324 6 12 Miles U.S. Bureau of Land Management Indian Reservations Parks, Monuments, Historical & Recreational Sites Other (Game & Fish, County and Bureau of Reclamation Lands) Figure 3.8-2 Lower San Pedro Basin Land Ownership (9.3%) (1.6%) (0.8%) (0.2%) COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.8 Lower San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.8.3 Climate of the Lower San Pedro Basin Climate data from NOAA/ NWS Coop Network stations are complied in Table 3.8-1 and their locations are shown on Figure 3.8-3. The Lower San Pedro Basin does not contain Evaporation Pan, AZMET and SNOTEL/Snowcourse stations. A description of the climate data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.3. NOAA/NWS Coop Network • Refer to Table 3.8-1A • There are six NOAA/NWS Coop network climate stations in the basin. • Of the six stations, data from different periods of record may be used as shown in the table. The variety of dates may be due to discontinued measurements, date of installation or other availability issues. • The six stations are distributed throughout the basin. • Station elevations range from 2,080 feet at Winkleman 6 S to 7,960 feet at Palisade Ranger Station in the Santa Catalina Mountains. • Maximum average temperatures range from 64.9°F at Palisade Ranger Station to 86.4°F at Winkleman 6 S. • Minimum average temperatures range from 34.5°F at Palisade Ranger Station to 47.6°F at Cascabel. • Average annual precipitation is varied with the highest, 32.24 inches, at Palisade Ranger Station and the lowest, 14.33 inches, at Cascabel. • All stations report highest average precipitation in the summer (July - September) and lowest in the spring (April – June). • Additional precipitation data shows rainfall as high as 36 inches at the Santa Catalina Mountains southwest of San Manuel and as low as 14 inches at the San Pedro River Valley in the vicinity of Dudleyville. • Precipitation increases as elevation increases in this basin. The range of 24 inches between areas of highest and lowest precipitation recorded is relatively high for the planning area. Section 3.8 DRAFT Lower San Pedro Basin 325 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.8-1 Climate Data for the Lower San Pedro Basin A. NOAA/NWS Co-op Network: Station Name Elevation (in feet) Period of Record Used for Averages Max/Month Min/Month Winter Spring Summer Fall Annual Cascabel 3,140 1971-2000 82.5/Jul 47.6/Dec 3.41 1.08 6.56 3.28 14.33 Oracle 2 SE 4,510 1971-2000 79.5/Jul 45.5/Dec 7.59 1.93 9.31 6.09 24.92 Palsade Ranger Staton 7,960 1 64.9/Jul 34.5/Jan 9.26 2.80 12.31 7.88 32.24 1 83.3/Jul 47.3/Jan 3.76 1.56 6.51 3.25 14.75 1 81.2/Jul 45.2/Jan 2.86 1.67 5.79 5.46 15.77 1 86.4/Jul 46.9/Dec 4.48 1.54 5.43 4.76 16.22 San Manuel 3,460 Wllow Sprngs Ranch 3,690 Wnkelman 6 S Average Temperature Range (in F) 1965-1981 1954-2004 1949-1978 2,080 1942-1980 Average Total Precipitation (in inches) Source: WRCC, 2003. Notes: Average temperature for perod of record shown; average precptaton from 1971-2000 1 B. Evaporation Pan: Station Name Elevation (in feet) Period of Record Avg. Annual Evap Used for (in inches) Averages None Source: WRCC, 2003. C. AZMET: Station Name Elevation (in feet) Period of Record Average Annual Reference Evaportranspiration, in inches Used for (number of years to calculate averages ) Averages None Source: Arzona Meteorologcal Network, 2005 D. SNOTEL/Snowcourse: Station Name Elevation (in feet) Period of Record Average Snowpack, at Beginning of the Month, as Inches Snow Water Content (Number of measurements to calculate average) Used for Averages Jan. Feb. March April May June None Source: Natural Resources Conservaton Servce, 2005 326 Section 3.8 Lower San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R14E 60 GILA COUNTY 24 T2S 20 22 30 18 177 T4S Kearny GILA COUNTY 16 Winkelman 6 S 18 HaydenR16E T6S 14 16 14 R18E 20 Willow Springs Ranch 20 T8S 20 PINAL COUNTY 77 San Manuel Oracle 2 SE R20E San Manuel 18 26 Average Annual Precipitation (1961-1990) 26 22 36 24 20 30 T10S GRAHAM COUNTY 16 24 22 16 Palisade R.S. PIMA COUNTY inches per year 18 12-14 T12S 14-16 Cascabel 16-18 COCHISE COUNTY 22 24-26 20 26-28 28-30 22 6 20-22 22-24 T14S 0 18-20 30-32 12 Miles 32-34 34-36 Meteorological Stations WRCC Figure 3.8-3 Lower San Pedro Basin Meteorological Stations and Annual Precipitation c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Precipitation Contour 12 COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place Precipitation Data Source: Oregon State University, 1998 Section 3.8 DRAFT Lower San Pedro Basin 327 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.8.4 Surface Water Conditions in the Lower San Pedro Basin Streamflow data, including average seasonal flow, average annual flow and other information is shown in Table 3.8-2. Flood ALERT equipment in the basin as of September 2004 is shown on Table 3.8-3. Reservoir and stockpond data, including maximum storage or maximum surface area, are shown in Table 3.8-4. The location of streamflow gages, using the USGS number, is shown on Figure 3.8-4. The location of large reservoirs as well as USGS runoff contours are also shown on Figure 3.8-4. A description of stream data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.16. A description of reservoir data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.11. A description of stockpond data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.15. Streamflow Data • Refer to Table 3.8-2. • Data from 11 stations, including eight discontinued stations, are shown on the table and on Figure 3.8-4. • These stations are located on the Gila River, the San Pedro River, the Peck Canyon tributary and Aravaipa Creek. • The average seasonal flow as a percentage of annual flow for most of the stations is highest in the Summer (July-September) and lowest in the Spring (April-June). • High Winter (January-March) percentages were found at three stations and one station’s average seasonal flow is almost equal for the Winter, Spring and Summer due to the controlled release of water from Coolidge Dam. • Maximum annual flow in this basin was 2,375,696 acre-feet in 1993 on the Gila River. Minimum annual flow was 17 acre-feet in 1969 on the Peck Canyon tributary. Flood ALERT Equipment • Refer to Table 3.8-3. • There are four stations in the basin as of October 2005. • Two stations are precipitation stations, one is a precipitation/stage station and one is a repeater/precipitation station. Reservoirs and Stockponds • Refer to Table 3.8-4. • There are seven small reservoirs in this basin. • Four of the small reservoirs have a maximum storage capacity of 360 acre-feet. The remaining three small reservoirs have a total surface area of 33 acres. • There are an estimated 648 stockponds in this basin. Runoff Contour • Refer to Figure 3.8-4. • Average annual runoff varies from 0.5 inches per year in the vicinity of the San Pedro River to one inch per year on the eastern and western boundaries of the basin. 328 Section 3.8 Lower San Pedro Basin DRAFT 2,927 3,096 8 3,583 537 557 4,343 4,430 4,453 5,125 Gla Rver at Wnkelman San Pedro Rver near Redngton San Pedro Rver at Redngton Brdge near Redngton Peck Canyon Trbutary near Redngton San Pedro Rver near Mammoth Avavapa Creek near Mammoth Avavapa Creek near Feldman San Pedro Rver below Aravapa Creek near Mammoth San Pedro Rver near Wnkelman San Pedro Rver at Wnkelman Gla Rver at Kelvn1 9470000 9472000 9472050 9472100 9472500 9473000 9473020 9473100 9473400 9473500 9474000 NA 4,520 NA NA NA 4,530 NA 3,680 NA 4,660 NA Mean Basin Elevation (in feet) 1/1911-9/2004 1/1966-12/1978 (dscontnued) 4/1962-12/1965 (dscontnued) 10/1979-9/1983 (dscontnued) 5/1919-9/1921 (dscontnued) 5/1931-current 5/1931-6/1941 (dscontnued) 10/1967-9/1972 (dscontnued) 7/1998-current 1/1943-6/1998 (dscontnued) 9/1917-9/1994 (dscontnued) Period of Record 31 22 13 60 42 12 0 2 19 30 Winter 23 2 2 6 11 1 3 0 2 31 Spring Section 3.8 DRAFT Lower San Pedro Basin 23 41 50 28 19 78 90 57 64 32 28 9 8 41 16 7 Fall 6,756 (1976) 17,520 (1933) 17 (1969) 2,325 (2002) 297 (1997) 43,522 (1953) Minimum 18,901 43,149 71 13,451 21,399 237,525 Median 14 35 35 6 35,764 324,351 56,398 (1961) 66,099 18,679 8,615 (1975) 43,294 (1963) 17,086 (1981) 370675 37,803 62,045 20,706 24,768 43,406 78 19,491 31,033 282,922 Mean 2,375,969 (1993) 109,321 (1978) 76,742 (1965) 26,352 (1980) 120,211 (1983) 73,846 (1940) 152 (1971) 48,736 (2000) 131,073 (1955) 2,203,619 (1993) Maximum Annual Flow/Year (in acre-feet) No statstcs run, less than 3 years of data Summer Average Seasonal Flow (% of annual flow) Notes: Statstcs based on Calendar Year Annual Flow statstcs based on monthly values Summaton of Average Annual Flows may not equal 100 due to roundng. Perod of record may not equal Year of Record used for annual Flow/Year statstcs due to only usng years wth a 12 month record NA= Not avalable to ADWR 1 Real-tme gage Sources: USGS NWIS; Pope et al, USGS 1998; and Fsk et al., USGS 2003. 13,268 USGS Station Name Contributing Drainage Area (in sq. miles) Station Number Table 3.8-2 Streamflow Data for the Lower San Pedro Basin 329 93 13 3 3 2 46 9 4 4 50 47 Years of Annual Flow Record Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 330 Alder Canyon Wash Oracle Rdge Dan Saddle Sgnal Peak Repeater 700 1030 1140 6760 Station Type Repeater/Precptaton Precptaton Precptaton Precptaton/Stage Notes: NA = Not avalable ADWR = Arzona Department of Water Resources FCD = Flood Control Dstrct Station Name Station ID 5/18/1993 NA 3/1/1983 NA Install Date Section 3.8 ADWR Pma County FCD Pma County FCD ADWR Responsibility Table 3.8-3 Flood ALERT Equipment in the Lower San Pedro Basin Lower San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.8-4 Reservoirs and Stockponds in the Lower San Pedro Basin A. Large Reservoirs (500 acre-feet capacity and greater) MAP KEY RESERVOIR/LAKE NAME (Name of dam, if different) OWNER/OPERATOR MAXIMUM STORAGE (AF) USE JURISDICTION USE JURISDICTION None dentfed by ADWR at ths tme B. Other Large Reservoirs (50 acre surface area or greater)1 MAP KEY RESERVOIR/LAKE NAME (Name of dam, if different) OWNER/OPERATOR MAXIMUM SURFACE AREA (acres) None dentfed by ADWR at ths tme C. Small Reservoirs (greater than 15 acre-feet and less than 500 acre-feet capacity) Total number: 4 Total maximum storage: 360 acre-feet D. Other Small Reservoirs (between 5 and 50 acres surface area)1 Total number: 3 Total surface area: 33 acres E. Stockponds (up to 15 acre-feet capacity) Total number: 648 (from water right filings) Notes: Capacty data not avalable to ADWR 1 Section 3.8 DRAFT Lower San Pedro Basin 331 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R14E 60 6760 Oa k Cr 1 ee k GILA COUNTY T2S Milk ash yW 177 9474000 T4S GILA COUNTY 0.5 Kearny Gil a R iv e r R16E 9470000 Hayden 9473500 Winkelman 9473400 0.5 T6S a a ip eek Cr R18E 9473000 9473020 Ar a v 9473100 PINAL COUNTY 9472500 Mammoth 77 ro d Ri v er Tucson W Pe ash S an T8S San Manuel R20E 1 GRAHAM COUNTY 5 0. T10S 1030 700 1140 9472100 1 PIMA COUNTY Was Soza 0.5 T12S 9472050 h 9472000 0 6 12 Miles Pa ig e T14S Cr ee k COCHISE COUNTY USGS Annual Runoff Contour for 1951-1980 (in inches) Stream Channel (width of line reflects stream order) 2 Stream Gages USGS c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Stream Data Source: ALRIS, 2005 332 Figure 3.8-4 Lower San Pedro Basin Surface Water Conditions Flood COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.8 Lower San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.8.5 Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major Springs in the Lower San Pedro Basin Major and minor springs with discharge rates and date of measurement, and the total number of springs in the basin are shown in Table 3.8-5. The locations of major springs as well as perennial and intermittent streams are shown on Figure 3.8-5. A description of data sources and methods for intermittent and perennial reaches is found in Volume 1, 1.3.16. A description of spring data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.14. • • • • • • • • • • There are a number of perennial streams located throughout the basin. Numerous intermittent streams are also located throughout the basin. The San Pedro River is predominantly an intermittent stream in the basin with small sections where it is perennial south of Dudleyville and in the vicinity of the Pima County/Cochise County line. The Gila River through this basin is considered an intermittent stream because its flow is controlled by releases from Coolidge Dam to meet legal obligations. There are 14 major springs with a measured discharge of 10 gallons per minute (gpm) or greater at any time. Listed discharge rates may not be indicative of current conditions. Most of the measurements were taken prior to 1990 and many of the major spring measurements were taken in the 1950’s. Only four minor spring measurements post-date 1990. There are two clusters of major springs, one north of Mammoth and the other in the southeastern portion of the basin. The greatest discharge rate was measured at the beginning of a perennial reach of the San Pedro River south of Dudleyville (Cooks Lake, 1,000 gpm). Over half of the major springs discharge less than 40 gpm. Springs with measured discharge of 1 to 10 gpm are not mapped but coordinates are given in Table 3.8-5. There are 31 minor springs identified in this basin. The total number of springs identified by the USGS varies from 203 to 209, depending on the database reference. Section 3.8 DRAFT Lower San Pedro Basin 333 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.8-5 Springs in the Lower San Pedro Basin A. Major Springs (10 gpm or greater): Locaton Map Key Lattude Dscharge 1 Longtude (n gpm) Name Date Dscharge Measured 1 Cooks Lake 325144 1104301 1,000 2/9/1951 2 Bngham2 322724 1102910 494 4/18/1968 324847 1104206 150 2/15/1951 324931 1104510 112 6/16/1978 2 3 VS 4 Putnam 5 Unnamed 321548 1101623 40 03/1946 6 2 Unnamed 322026 1101438 35 11/1950 7 Unnamed2 321535 1101739 25 03/1936 8 2 321527 1101508 20 2/24/1951 9 2 Unnamed 322019 1102507 15 10/1950 10 Unnamed2 322000 1101956 15 11/17/1950 11 Pper 325901 1104333 15 2/14/1951 12 Upper Walnut 2 Swamp Sprng Canyon2,3 322537 1102027 11 1/18/1989 322609 1101709 104 06/1984 Sycamore Saddle 324921 1102944 104 08/1986 13 14 Unnamed B. Minor Springs (1 to 10 gpm): Locaton Lattude Dscharge 1 Longtude (n gpm) Horse Camp 324154 1102631 8 NA Unnamed 324319 1103000 7 03/1950 Copper Creek 324522 1102844 6 10/2002 Unnamed 324416 1103104 5 11/27/1972 Davs 322722 1103824 5 7/10/1952 Name Red 325328 1103746 4 04/1951 2 Carrzo 325326 1103631 4 2/13/1951 Peasley 322913 1104017 4 10/1949 322558 1102251 4 01/1951 322624 1101542 4 04/1986 322757 1104439 3 10/1949 Unnamed 322807 1104337 3 NA Alder Box 322748 1104211 3 10/1949 Lost Tral2,3 322604 1101732 3 11/2002 Unnamed2 Barrel Hoop 2,3 Stratton 2 334 Date Dscharge Measured Section 3.8 Lower San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.8-5 Springs in the Lower San Pedro Basin (Con't) B. Minor Springs (con't.): Locaton Lattude Dscharge 1 Longtude (n gpm) Unnamed 325745 1103935 2 06/1950 Carrco 325334 1103723 2 02/1951 Oak 325029 1103158 2 04/1951 Red Horse 322951 1104047 2 08/1951 Unnamed 325745 1103935 2 06/1950 To Cruz 322457 1101527 25 08/1986 Mller2,3 322737 1101708 2 09/1993 Buddy Opc 322809 1104005 2 10/1949 Old Ranch2,3 322750 1101721 2 01/1993 Norton 324344 1102640 2 NA Rock Wall 322951 1104225 1 11/1949 Juan 322821 1104017 1 10/1949 Addngton 324338 1103114 1 04/1951 Unnamed2 324724 1103211 1 04/1950 Walnut 2,3 322552 1102018 1 01/1989 322549 1101541 1 NA 321610 1102655 15 01/1951 Name Rm Slope Roble 3 Date Dscharge Measured C. Total number of springs, regardless of discharge, identified by USGS (see ALRIS, 2005 and NHD, 2006): 203 to 209 Notes: NA = Not Avalable 1 Most recent measurement dentfed by ADWR 2 Sprng not dsplayed on current USGS topo map 3 Locaton approxmated by ADWR 4 Most recent measurement < 10 gpm 5 Most recent measurement < 1 gpm Section 3.8 DRAFT Lower San Pedro Basin 335 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R14E GILA COUNTY 60 Mine T2S ra l Creek 177 Kearny Gil aR ive r T4S GILA COUNTY R16E 11 Hayden Dudleyville T6S 1 4 a Arav 3 ipa C re e k Sa Mammoth T8S pp Co ro ed nP PINAL COUNTY R18E 14 er Creek er Riv 77 San Manuel R20E T10S PIMA COUNTY C Bu eh GRAHAM COUNTY ld Canyon Redfie an yo n 2 Ho t S T12S 6 Pa ig e 0 in pr gs C anyo n 6 10 7 5 8 River edro nP Sa C r eek 9 T14S 13 12 ma n COCHISE COUNTY 12 Miles Springs ARIZONA O DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES c Stream Data Source: AGFD, 1993 & 1997 Brown and Carmony,1981 336 Figure 3.8-5 Lower San Pedro Basin Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major (>10 gpm) Springs 1 Intermittent Streams Perennial Streams COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.8 Lower San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.8.6 Groundwater Conditions of the Lower San Pedro Basin Major aquifers, well yields, estimated natural recharge, estimated water in storage, number of index wells and date of last water-level sweep are shown in Table 3.8-6. Figure 3.8-6 shows aquifer flow direction and water-level change between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004. Figure 3.8-7 contains hydrographs for selected wells shown on Figure 3.8-6. Figure 3.8-8 shows well yields in five yield categories. A description of aquifer data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.2. A description of well data sources and methods, including water-level changes and well yields is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.19. Major Aquifers • Refer to Table 3.8-6 and Figure 3.8-6. • The major aquifers in the basin are basin fill, consisting of younger basin fill, older basin fill and basal conglomerate, and recent stream alluvium and basin fill. • Artesian conditions exist about five miles north to ten miles south of Mammoth in wells drilled deeper than 500 feet. • Flow direction is generally from southeast to northwest. Well Yields • Refer to Table 3.8-6 and Figure 3.8-8. • As shown on Figure 3.8-8 well yields in this basin range from less than 100 gallons per minute (gpm) to more than 2,000 gpm. • One source of well yield information, based on 181 reported wells, indicates that the median well yield in this basin is 1,000 gpm. • In general, well yields along the San Pedro River are high. All well yields in consolidated crystalline and sedimentary rocks are less than 100 gpm. Natural Recharge • Refer to Table 3.8-6. • Principal sources of recharge in this basin are mountain-front recharge and streambed infiltration. • There are three natural recharge estimates for this basin ranging from 24,000 acre-feet per year to 29,000 acre-feet per year. The latter, from a 1995 Anderson and Freethey study, is the most recent estimate. Water in Storage • Refer to Table 3.8-6. Water levels are shown for wells measured in 2003-2004. • There are three storage estimates for this basin ranging from 11 million acre-feet to more than 27 million acre-feet. The most recent estimate, from ADWR reports in 1990 and 1994, indicates that estimated storage is between 12 million and 25.6 million acre-feet to a depth of 1,200 feet. • The predevelopment water storage estimate is 11 million acre-feet. Section 3.8 DRAFT Lower San Pedro Basin 337 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Water Level • Refer to Figure 3.8-6. Water levels are shown for wells measured in 2003-2004. • The Department annually measures 19 index wells in this basin. • In 1994, the year of the last water level sweep, 274 wells were measured. • Depth to water varies in this basin with the deepest recorded water level in 2003-2004 at 503 feet south of Mammoth and the shallowest at 17 feet north of Mammoth. • The majority of water level changes between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004 have been a one foot to 15 feet decline. • Hydrographs corresponding to selected wells shown on Figure 3.8-6 but covering a longer time period are shown in Figure 3.8-7. 338 Section 3.8 Lower San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.8-6 Groundwater Data for the Lower San Pedro Basin Basin Area, in square miles: 1,624 Name and/or Geologic Units Recent Stream Alluvum Major Aquifer(s): Basn Fll Well Yields, in gal/min: Estimated Natural Recharge, in acre-feet/year: Estimated Water Currently in Storage, in acre-feet: Range 628 - 1,910 Medan 1295 (10 wells measured) Range 1 - 4,000 Medan 1,000 (181 wells reported) Measured by ADWR and/or USGS Reported on regstraton forms for large (> 10-nch) dameter wells Range 70 - 2,700 ADWR (1994) Range 0 - 2,500 Annng and Duet, USGS (1994) 29,000 Anderson and Freethey (1995) 25,000 ADWR (1994) 24,000 Freethey and Anderson (1986) 12,000,000 - 25,600,000 (to 1,200 ft/not gven) ADWR (1990 and 1994) 11,000,0001 (to 1,200 ft) Freethey and Anderson (1986) >27,000,000 Arzona Water Commsson (1975) Current Number of Index Wells: 19 Date of Last Water-level Sweep: 1994 (274 wells measured) 1 Predevelopment Estmate Section 3.8 DRAFT Lower San Pedro Basin 339 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R14E 60 GILA COUNTY T2S 177 T4S GILA COUNTY R16E Kearny Hayden Dudleyville 26 A 28 T6S R18E 17 PINAL COUNTY 94 T8S 29 Mammoth B 313 C 70 296 503 48 77 R20E 39 San Manuel D 239 T10S GRAHAM COUNTY E T12S 60 PIMA COUNTY 111 67 COCHISE COUNTY T14S F Water-level change in feet between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004 H 146 375 118 41 0 6 12 Miles number is depth to water in feet letter is hydrograph Between -30 and -15 Between -15 and -1 Between -1 and +1 Between +1 and +15 Change Data Not Available Generalized Flow Direction Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments ARIZONA O DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES c 340 Figure 3.8-6 Lower San Pedro Basin Groundwater Conditions COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.8 Lower San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Figure 3.8-7 Lower San Pedro Basin Hydrographs Showing Depth to Water in Selected Wells Depth To Water In Feet Below Land Surface 0 A WELL DEPTH: 119 ft USE: IRRIGATION recent stream alluvium D-06-16 08CBB1 50 1975 50 B 1985 1995 WELL DEPTH: 105 ft USE: STOCK 2005 basin fill D-08-15 24ABA 100 1975 450 C 1985 1995 WELL DEPTH: 2145 ft USE: UNUSED 2005 basin fill D-08-16 25DCD 500 550 1975 1985 1995 2005 YEAR Section 3.8 DRAFT Lower San Pedro Basin 341 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Figure 3.8-7 (Con’t.) Lower San Pedro Basin Hydrographs Showing Depth to Water in Selected Wells 225 D WELL DEPTH: 285 ft USE: STOCK recent stream alluvium D-10-17 15BBB Depth To Water In Feet Below Land Surface 275 1975 0 E 1985 1995 WELL DEPTH: 80 ft USE: UNUSED 2005 recent stream alluvium D-12-19 19ABD 50 100 1975 100 F 1985 1995 WELL DEPTH: 145 ft USE: STOCK 2005 basin fill D-14-20 34CAA1 150 1975 1985 1995 2005 YEAR 342 Section 3.8 Lower San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R14E 60 GILA COUNTY T2S 177 GILA COUNTY T4S R16E Kearny Hayden Dudleyville T6S R18E PINAL COUNTY Mammoth T8S 77 San Manuel R20E T10S GRAHAM COUNTY PIMA COUNTY T12S COCHISE COUNTY T14S Well Yields Greater than 2000 gals/min Between 1000 and 2000 gals/min Between 500 and 1000 gals/min 0 6 12 Miles Between 100 and 500 gals/min Less than 100 gals/min Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments Figure 3.8-8 Lower San Pedro Basin Well Yields ARIZONA O DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES c Section 3.8 DRAFT Lower San Pedro Basin COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place 343 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.8.7 Water Quality of the Lower San Pedro Basin Drinking water standard exceedences in wells, springs and mine sites including location and parameter(s) exceeded are shown in Table 3.8-7A. Impaired lakes and streams with site type, name, length of impaired stream reach, area of impaired lake, designated use standard and parameter(s) exceeded is shown in Table 3.8-7B. Figure 3.8-9 shows the location of exceedences and impairment keyed to Table 3.8-7. A description of water quality data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.18. Not all parameters were measured at all sites; selective sampling for particular constituents is common. Wells, Springs and Mines • Refer to Table 3.8-7A. • Drinking water standard exceedences were reported for 56 wells in the basin. • Unlike most other basins there was a diverse assortment of parameters exceeding drinking water standards in this basin. The parameter most frequently exceeded in this basin was fluoride. • In the vicinity of Hayden and Dudleyville the most frequently exceeded parameter in the sites measured was cadmium. • In the vicinity of Mammoth the most frequently exceeded parameters in the sites measured were arsenic and fluoride. • Other parameters that were commonly exceeded are nitrates, total dissolved solids, lead, antimony, beryllium and radionuclides. Lakes and Streams • Refer to Table 3.8-7B. • Water quality standards were exceeded in one reach of Mineral Creek and in one reach of the San Pedro River. • The parameters exceeded in Mineral Creek included copper and selenium. • The parameters exceeded in the San Pedro River were E. coli and selenium. • The longest impaired reach was 15 miles of the San Pedro River. • Mineral Creek is part of the ADEQ water quality improvement effort called the Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) program. The TMDL report has not yet been completed for this stream, however, cleanup by the mining company ASARCO is ongoing. • There is one small portion of an unnamed tributary to Alder Creek that is effluent dependent. The source of the effluent is from the Summerhaven wastewater treatment facility located in the Tucson AMA. 344 Section 3.8 Lower San Pedro Basin DRAFT Section 3.8 DRAFT Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Lower San Pedro Basin Site Type Map Key A. Wells, Springs and Mines Township 1 South 1 South 1 South 1 South 4 South 4 South 4 South 4 South 4 South 4 South 4 South 4 South 5 South 5 South 5 South 5 South 6 South 6 South 6 South 6 South 6 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 8 South 8 South 8 South 8 South 8 South Site Location Range 13 East 13 East 13 East 14 East 14 East 14 East 14 East 14 East 14 East 14 East 14 East 14 East 14 East 15 East 15 East 15 East 16 East 16 East 16 East 16 East 16 East 16 East 16 East 16 East 16 East 16 East 17 East 17 East 17 East 17 East 17 East 17 East Section 12 12 14 21 6 11 11 11 23 23 27 35 2 23 25 25 6 8 29 33 34 10 22 22 22 36 6 18 18 19 30 30 Parameter(s) Exceeding Drinking Water Standard2 NO3 NO3 NO3 Cu NO3 Cd Cd As, Cd Cd Cd Cd NO3 F As, F Hg Hg F F F F TDS Sb F As, F As, F F Pb Be Be As, F As, Be, F F Table 3.8-7 Water Quality Exceedences in the Lower San Pedro River Basin1 345 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 346 Site Type Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Map Key 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 Township 8 South 8 South 8 South 8 South 8 South 9 South 9 South 9 South 9 South 9 South 9 South 9 South 9 South 9 South 10 South 10 South 10 South 11 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 14 South 15 South A. Wells, Springs and Mines (con't.) Site Location Range 17 East 17 East 17 East 18 East 18 East 15 East 16 East 17 East 17 East 17 East 17 East 18 East 18 East 18 East 18 East 18 East 18 East 18 East 18 East 19 East 20 East 20 East 21 East 18 East Section 31 32 32 14 23 35 31 4 14 24 24 31 32 32 3 8 8 26 6 30 21 31 19 11 Section 3.8 Lower San Pedro Basin DRAFT Parameter(s) Exceeding Drinking Water Standard2 As, F As, F As, F, Pb As As NO3 F, Rad As, F F As, F, Pb As, F, Pb As As, F As F Sb, F As, F As Rad, TDS As As As F TDS Table 3.8-7 Water Quality Exceedences in the Lower San Pedro River Basin1 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.8 DRAFT Stream Stream a b Mneral Creek (Devl's Canyon - Gla Rver) San Pedro (Aravapa Creek - Gla Rver) Site Name 15 10 Length of Impaired Stream Reach (in miles) NA NA Area of Impaired Lake (in acres) Lower San Pedro Basin Notes: Because of map scale, feature locatons may appear dfferent than the locaton ndcated on the table NA = Not applcable 1 Water qualty samples collected between 1980 and 2004. 2 Sb = Antmony As = Arsenc Be = Beryllum Cd = Cadmum Cu = Copper F= Fluorde Pb = Lead Hg = Mercury NO3 = Ntrate/Ntrte Se = Selenum Rad = One or more of the followng radonucldes - Gross Alpha, Gross Beta, Radum, and Uranum TDS = Total Dssolved Solds 3 A&W = Aquatc and Wldlfe Site Type Map Key B. Lakes, Rivers and Streams A&W A&W Designated Use Standard3 Table 3.8-7 Water Quality Exceedences in the Lower San Pedro River Basin1 E.col, Se, Cu, Se Parameter(s) Exceeding Use Standard2 347 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 1 60 3 R14E 2 4 GILA COUNTY T2S a 177 5 6 7 8 GILA 9 T4S COUNTY Kearny 10 11 12 R16E 13 Hayden 14 15 Dudleyville 16 T6S T8S 17 18 19 20 b 21 R18E 27 22 24 23 25 26 PINAL COUNTY 29 Mammoth 28 30 31 36 37 34 35 32 40 33 41 77 42 38 39 43 46 44 47 45 San Manuel 48 49 T10S Unnamed trib to Ald er PIMA COUNTY T12S 51 R20E GRAHAM COUNTY 50 COCHISE COUNTY 53 52 54 55 T14S 56 0 6 12 Miles Well , Spring or Mine Site with Recorded MCL Exceedence 1 Effluent Dependent Reach Impaired Stream or Lake a Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES 348 Figure 3.8-9 Lower San Pedro Basin Water Quality Conditions COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.8 Lower San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.8.8 Cultural Water Demands in the Lower San Pedro Basin Cultural water demand data including population, number of wells and the average well pumpage and surface water diversions by the municipal, industrial and agricultural sectors are shown in Table 3.8-8. Effluent generation including facility ownership, location, population served and not served, volume treated, disposal method and treatment level is shown on Table 3.8-9. Figure 3.8-10 shows the location of demand centers. A description of cultural water demand data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.5. More detailed information on cultural water demands is found in Section 3.0.7. Cultural Water Demands • • • • • • • • • • • Refer to Table 3.8-8 and Figure 3.8-10. Population decreased in this basin by about 340 residents a year from 1980 to 1990 and increased only minimally between 1991 and 2000. Projections suggest a more rapid growth rate through 2050. Total groundwater demand has decreased from 1971 to 2003 with an average of 32,000 acre-feet pumped per year in the period from 2001-2003. Surface water diversions have also decreased from 1971 to 2003 with less than 1,000 acrefeet diverted per year in the period from 1991 – 2003. All surface water demand between 1991 and 2003 has been for agriculture, however, over 90% of the agricultural water supply is groundwater. The majority of agricultural demand is along Highway 177, Highway 77 and along the San Pedro River in Pima and Cochise Counties. The largest single demand for groundwater is industrial with an average of 19,000 acre-feet per year pumped in the period from 2001-2003. Industrial water demand in this basin is the highest in the planning area. There are numerous mines in the basin. The active Ray Mine north of Kearney, a small inactive mine in the vicinity of Hayden and numerous inactive mines including the Mammoth Mine and San Manuel Mine in the vicinity of Mammoth. Municipal demand has remained relatively constant with an average of 2,000 acre-feet per year pumped in the period from 2001-2003. The town of Oracle is located at the western boundary of the basin. Wells associated with this town are in the Tucson Active Management Area at Oracle Junction. As of 2003 there were 1,589 registered wells with a pumping capacity of less than or equal to 35 gallons per minute and 1,088 wells with a pumping capacity of more than 35 gallons per minute. Effluent Generation • Refer to Table 3.8-9. • There are five wastewater treatment facilities in the basin. • Almost 8,000 people are served by these facilities. • 400 acre-feet of effluent per year are generated in this basin. Section 3.8 DRAFT Lower San Pedro Basin 349 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 • • 350 One facility, the Kearney Wastewater Treatment Facility, discharges wastewater for irrigation. Discharge from one facility, the Mammoth Wastewater Treatment Facility, recharges the aquifer through an unlined impoundment. This facility is not permitted by the Department as an Underground Storage Facility. Section 3.8 Lower San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 1 Table 3.8-8 Cultural Water Demands in the Lower San Pedro Basin Year Recent Average Annual Demand (in acre-feet) Number of Registered (Census) and Water Supply Wells Drilled Well Pumpage Surface-Water Diversions Projected (DES) Q < 35 gpm Q > 35 gpm Municipal Industrial Irrigation Municipal Industrial Irrigation Population 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 19,300 1981 18,960 1982 18,620 1983 18,279 1984 17,939 1985 17,599 1986 17,259 1987 16,919 1988 16,578 1989 16,238 1990 15,898 1991 15,968 1992 16,037 1993 16,107 1994 16,177 1995 16,247 1996 16,316 1997 16,386 1998 16,456 1999 16,525 2000 16,595 2001 16,706 2002 16,817 2003 16,929 2010 17,707 2020 21,124 2030 23,786 2040 25,665 27,333 2050 ADDITIONAL WELLS: 3 WELL TOTALS: 1,1422 56,000 6,000 56,000 6,000 Data Source 2352 ADWR (1994) 68 18 47,000 6,000 86 9 40,000 6,000 112 6 2,500 18,500 13,000 NR NR <1,000 97 1 2,500 14,000 13,000 NR NR <1,000 33 0 2,000 19,000 11,000 NR NR <1,000 51 1589 269 USGS (2005) ADWR (2005) Notes: NR=Not reported 1 Does not nclude evaporaton losses from stockponds and reservors. 2 Includes all wells through June 1980. 3 Other water-supply wells are lsted n the ADWR Well Regstry for ths basn, but they do not have completon dates. These wells are summed here. Section 3.8 DRAFT Lower San Pedro Basin 351 Kearny Mammoth Oracle Wnkleman Town of Kearny Town of Mammoth Oracle SD Town of Wnkleman Kearny STP Mammoth WWTF Oracle WWTF Wnkleman WWTP 352 Notes: NA: Data currently not avalable to ADWR WWTF: Wastewater Treatment Faclty WWTP: Wastewater Treatment Plant SD: Santaton Dstrct STP: Sewage Treatment Plant Adv. Tr. ll: Advance treatment level ll Total Hayden Town of Hayden Hayden Collecton Systems City/Location Served Ownership Facility Name 7,921 1,210 1,551 1,700 2,550 910 Population Served 406 38 90 99 179 NA Volume Treated/Generated (acre-feet/year) Gla Rver X Watercourse X X Evaporation Pond X Irrigation Golf Course/Turf Irrigation Wnkleman WWTP X Secondary Secondary Secondary Adv. Trt. II & Nutrent Removal NA 2004 2004 2004 2004 2003 Year of Record Lower San Pedro Basin DRAFT NA NA NA NA Current Population Treatment Not Served Level Section 3.8 Discharge to Groundwater Wildlife Another Recharge Area Facility Disposal Method Table 3.8-9 Effluent Generation in the Lower San Pedro Basin Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R14E GILA COUNTY 60 T2S GILA COUNTY 177 Kearny T4S R16E Hayden SAN CARLOS INDIAN RESERVATION Dudleyville T6S R18E PINAL COUNTY T8S Mammoth 77 R20E San Manuel T10S GRAHAM COUNTY PIMA COUNTY T12S COCHISE COUNTY T14S Demand Centers 0 6 Agriculture M&I - High Intensity M&I - Low Intensity Large Mine Small Mine/Quarry Indian Reservation 12 Miles Figure 3.8-10 Lower San Pedro Basin Cultural Water Demands c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place Primary Data Source: USGS National Gap Analysis Program, 2004 Section 3.8 DRAFT Lower San Pedro Basin 353 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.8.9 Water Adequacy Determinations in the Lower San Pedro Basin Water adequacy determination information including the subdivision name, location, number of lots, adequacy determination, reason for the inadequacy determination, date of determination and subdivision water provider are shown in Table 3.8-10. Figure 3.8-11 shows the locations of subdivisions keyed to the Table. A description of the Water Adequacy Program is found in Volume 1, Appendix A. Adequacy determination data sources and methods are found in Volume 1, Sections 1.3.1 • • • • 11 water adequacy determinations have been made in this basin through May, 2005. Three determinations of inadequacy have been made. These determinations are scattered throughout the basin with one in the vicinity of San Manuel, one in the vicinity of Mammoth and the third at the northernmost tip of the basin. All determinations of inadequacy were because the applicant chose not to submit necessary information and/or available hydrologic data was insufficient to make a determination. The total number of lots receiving a water adequacy determination is not available. Available information by county is: County Cochise Gila Graham Pima Pinal 354 Number of Subdivision Lots 0 7 0 0 138+ Number of Lots Determined to be Adequate 0 7 0 0 138+ Percent Adequate NA 100 NA NA NA Section 3.8 Lower San Pedro Basin DRAFT Pnal Pnal Pnal Oracle Ranch Estates # 2 Rancho Robles San Manuel, Townste Two O'Clock Hll Wnkelman Terrace 7 8 9 10 11 5 South 9 South 9 South 9 South 9 South 9 South 1 South 8 South 4 South 10 South 7 South Township 15 East 15 East 17 East 15 East 15 East 15 East 13 East 17 East 14 East 16 East 16 East Range Location 13 35 31, 32 35 26, 27 36 13 19 22 6 9, 10 Section 7 20 NA 17 38 NA NA NA 13 26 24 No. of Lots 22-300508 ADWR File No.2 Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate Adequate Adequate Adequate ADWR Adequacy Determination A1 A1 A1 Reason(s) for Inadequacy Determination3 08/25/98 10/15/74 07/07/88 08/09/79 08/16/79 01/02/82 03/30/81 04/11/88 06/19/79 10/24/77 01/27/75 Date of Determination Arzona Water Company & Communty Wells Arzona Water Company Arzona Water Company Arzona Water Company Arzona Water Company Arzona Water Company Dry Lot Subdvson Town of Mammoth John W. Galbreath Development Corporaton Arzona Water Company Aravapa Water Company Water Provider at the Time of Application Section 3.8 DRAFT Lower San Pedro Basin Notes: 1 Each determnaton of the adequacy of water supples avalable to a subdvson s based on the nformaton avalable to ADWR and the standards of revew and polces n effect at the tme the determnaton was made. In some cases, ADWR mght make a dfferent determnaton f a smlar applcaton were submtted today, based on the hydrologc data and other nformaton currently avalable, as well as current rules and polces. 2 Pror to February 1995, ADWR dd not assgn fle numbers to applcatons for adequacy determnaton. 3 A. Physcal/Contnuous 1) Insuffcent Data (applcant chose not to submt necessary nformaton, and/or avalable hydrologc data nsuffcent to make determnaton) 2) Insuffcent Supply (exstng water supply unrelable or physcally unavable;for groundwater, depth-to-water exceeds crtera) 3) Insuffcent Infrastructure (dstrbuton system s nsuffcent to meet demands or applcant proposed water haulng) B. Legal (applcant faled to demonstrate a legal rght to use the water or faled to demonstrate the provder's legal authorty to serve the subdvson) C. Water Qualty D. Unable to locate records NA= Data not currently avalable to ADWR Gla Pnal Pnal Pnal Pnal Mountan Valley 4 Pnal Oracle Mountan Vew Estates Mammoth, Town of 3 Pnal Pnal 6 Kearney Subdvson # 12 2 County 5 Aravapa # 1 Cherry Valley 1 Subdivision Name Map Key Table 3.8-10 Adequacy Determinations in the Lower San Pedro Basin1 355 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 5 R14E 60 GILA COUNTY T2S 177 T4S GILA COUNTY 3 Kearny R16E Hayden 11 Dudleyville T6S R18E 1 77 PINAL COUNTY Mammoth T8S 4 7 9 6 2 8, 10 R20E San Manuel T10S GRAHAM COUNTY PIMA COUNTY T12S COCHISE COUNTY T14S Adequacy Determinations 0 6 12 Miles Adequate Inadequate Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES 356 Figure 3.8-11 Lower San Pedro Basin Adequacy Determinations Unconsolidated Sediments COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.8 Lower San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Lower San Pedro Basin References and Supplemental Reading References A Anderson, T.W., and Freethey, G.W., 1995, Simulation of groundwater flow in alluvial basins in south central Arizona and parts of adjacent states: USGS Professional Paper 1406-D. *Anning, D.W. and Duet, N.R., 1994, Summary of ground-water conditions in Arizona, 1987-90, USGS Open-file Report 94-476. Arizona Corporation Commission, 2005, Annual reports, Private sewer companies, 1990 to 2005: ACC Utilities Division. _____, 2005, Annual reports, Small water providers, 1990 to 2005: ACC Utilities Division. *Arizona Department of Economic Security, 2005, Workforce Informer: Data file, accessed August 2005, http://www.workforce.az.gov. Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, 2005, Active dairy farms & feedlots: Data file, received October 2005. *____, 2005, ADEQSWI: Data file, received September 2005. *____, 2005, ADEQWATP: Data file, received May 2005. *____, 2005, ADEQWWTP: Data file, received August 2005. *____, 2005, Azurite: Data file, received September 2005. *____, 2005, Effluent dependent waters: GIS cover, received December 2005. *____, 2005, Impaired lakes and reaches: GIS cover, received January 2006. _____, 2005, Surface water sources used by water providers: Data file, received June 2005. *____, 2005, WWTP and permit files: Miscellaneous working files, received July 2005. *____, 2004, Water providers with arsenic concentrations in wells over 10ppb: Data file, received August 2004. *____, 2004, Water quality exceedences by watershed: Data file, received June 2004. *____, 2004, Water quality exceedences for drinking water providers in Arizona: Data file, received September 2004. *Arizona Department of Mines and Mineral Resources (ADMMR), 2005, Active mines in Arizona: Database, accessed at http:// www.admmr.state.az.us. *Arizona Department of Water Resources, 2006, Assured and adequate water supply applications: Project files, ADWR Hydrology Division. *____, 2005, Agricultural Surface Water Use Estimates: Unpublished analysis, ADWR Office of Resource Assessment Planning. *____, 2005, Automated recorder sites: Data files, ADWR Basic Data Unit. _____, 2005, 2004 rural water provider questionnaire: Data files, ADWR Office of Resource Assessment Planning. *____, 2005, Assured and adequate water supply determinations: Database, ADWR Office of Assured and Adequate Water Supply. All references marked with an asterisk contain information that was directly used in the basin summaries, tables or maps. Section 3.8 DRAFT Lower San Pedro Basin 357 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 *____,2005, Flood warning gages: Database, ADWR Office of Water Engineering. _____, 2005, Inspected dams: Database, ADWR Office of Dam Safety. _____, 2005, Non-jurisdictional dams: Database, ADWR Office of Dam Safety. *____, 2005, Groundwater Site Inventory (GWSI): Database, ADWR Hydrology Division. *____, 2005, Registry of surface water rights: ADWR Office of Water Management. *____, 2005, Water use by golf courses in rural Arizona: Unpublished analysis, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 2005, Wells55: Database. _____, 2004, Rural Water Resources 2003 Questionnaire Report: Rural water resources study, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 2002, Groundwater quality exceedences in rural Arizona from 1975 to 2001: Data file, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 1994, Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Vol. I, Inventory and Analysis. *____,1994, Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Vol. II, Hydrologic Summary. * Arizona Game and Fish Department, 2005, Arizona Waterways: Data file, received April 2005. *____, 1997 & 1993, Statewide riparian inventory and mapping project: GIS cover. _____, 1982, Arizona Lakes Classification Study. * Arizona Land Resource Information System (ALRIS), 2005, Surface Beneficiaries, GIS cover, accessed September 2006 at http://sco.az.gov/website/parcels/viewer.htm *____, 2005, Springs: GIS cover, accessed January 2006 at http://www.land.state. az.us/alris/index.html. *____, 2005, Streams: GIS cover, accessed 2005 at http://www.land.state. az.us/alris/index.html. *____, 2005, Water features: GIS cover, accessed July 2005 at http://www.land. state.az.us/alris/ index.html. *____, 2004, Land ownership: GIS cover, accessed in 2004 at http://www.land.state.az.us /alris/index.html. Arizona Meteorological Network Arizona Water Commission, 1975, Summary, Phase I, Arizona State Water Plan, Inventory of resource and uses. *Arizona Water Commission, 1975, Summary, Phase I, Arizona State Water Plan, Inventory of resource and uses. B *Bureau of Land Management, 2005, Springs in the Safford region: Data file received January 2005. C *Clear Creek Associates, 2005, Hydrogeologic Study- Coronado Reserve, Oracle, Arizona. D *Diroll, M., and Marsh, D., 2006, Status of water quality in Arizona-2004 integrated 305(b) assessment and 303(d) listing report: ADEQ report. E Environmental Protection Agency, 2005, Surf Your Watershed: Facility reports, accessed April 2005 at http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/ef_home2.water. 358 Section 3.8 Lower San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 _____, 2005, 2000 and 1996, Clean Watershed Needs Survey: datasets, accessed March 2005 at http://www.epa.gov/owm/ mtb/cwns/index.htm. F *Fisk, G.G., Duet, D.W., Evans, C.E., Angernoth, N.K., and Longsworth, S.A., 2004, Water Resources Data, Arizona Water Year 2003: USGS Water-Data Report AZ-03-1. *Freethey, G.W. and Anderson, T.W. 1986, Predevelopment hydrologic conditions in the alluvial basins of Arizona and adjacent parts of California and New Mexico: USGS Hydrologic Investigations Atlas-HA664. K Konieczki, A.D. and Wilson, R.P., 1992, Annual summary of ground-water conditions in Arizona, spring 1986 to spring 1987: USGS Open File Report 92-54. M McCormack, H.F., Fisk, G.G., Duet, N.R., Evans, D.W., Roberts, W.P., and Castillo, N.K., 2002, Water resources data Arizona, water year 2002: USGS Water Data Report AZ-02-1. N Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), 2005, SNOTEL (Snowpack Telemetry) stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www3.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov/ nwcc/ sntlsites.jsp?state=AZ. _____, 2005, Snow Course stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www.wcc.nrcs. usda.gov/nwcc/snow-course-sites.jsp?state=AZ O *Oregon State University, Spatial Climate Analysis Service (SCAS), 2006, Average annual precipitation in Arizona for 1961-1990: PRISM GIS cover, accessed in 2006 at www.ocs. orst.edu/prism. P *Pope, G.L., Rigas, P.D., and Smith, C.F., 1998, Statistical summaries of streamflow data and characteristics of drainage basins for selected streamflow-gaging stations in Arizona through water year 1996: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 98-4225. S Sundie, D.W., 1990, Draft outline of basin profiles for the state water assessment: ADWR Statewide Planning Division, Memorandum to L. Linser, January, 16, 1990. T *Tadayon, S., 2004, Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectric-power, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of the active management areas, 1991-2000: USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5293, 27 pp. *Towne, Doug, 2002, Lower San Pedro basin ambient groundwater quality report, Lower San Pedro Basin: a 2000 baseline study: ADEQ Open file report 02-01. Section 3.8 DRAFT Lower San Pedro Basin 359 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 U US Army Corps of Engineers, 2004 and 2005, National Inventory of Dams: Arizona Dataset, accessed November 2004 to April 2005 at http://crunch.tec.army.mil/ nid/webpages/nid. cfm *US Geological Survey, 2006, Average annual runoff in the United States, 1951-1980: Data file, accessed March 2006 at http://water.usgs.gov/GIS/ metadata/usgswrd/XML/runoff. xml#stdorder. *____, Springs and spring discharges: Dataset, received November 2004 and January 2006 from USGS office in Tucson, AZ. *____, 2006, National Hydrography Dataset: Arizona dataset, accessed at http://nhd.usgs.gov/. *____, 2005, National Water Information System (NWIS): Arizona dataset, accessed December 2005 at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis. *____, 2005, Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectric-power, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of the active management areas, 2000-2005: Data file, received December 2005. *____, 2004, Southwest Regional Gap analysis study- land cover descriptions: Electronic file, accessed January 2005 at http://earth.gis.usu.edu /swgap. *____, 1981, Geographic digital data for 1:500,000 scale maps: USGS National Mapping Program Data Users Guide. V Valencia, R.A., Wennerlund, J.A., Winstead, R.A., Woods, S., Riley, L., Swanson, E., and Olson, S., 1993, Arizona riparian inventory and mapping project: Arizona Game and Fish Department. W Wahl, C.R., Boe, S.R., Wennerlund, R.A., Winstead, R.A., Allison, L.J., Kubly, D.M., 1997, Remote sensing mapping of Arizona intermittent stream riparian areas: Arizona Game and Fish Technical Report 112. Water Infrastructure Finance Authority of Arizona (WIFA), 2005, Clean Watershed Needs Survey-2004: Unpublished data sheets, received July 2005. Western Regional Climate Center (WRCC), 2005, Pan evaporation stations: Data file accessed December 2005 at http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgiwin/wwcgi. dll?wwDI~GetCity~USA. *____, 2005, Precipitation and temperature stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http:// www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwDI~GetCity~USA. Wilson, R.P., 1992, Summary of groundwater conditions in Arizona 1985 to 1986: USGS Water Resources Investigation Report, 90-4179. Supplemental Reading Anning, D., 1998, Sources of nitrogen and phosphorus in drainage basins of central Arizona: in Water at the Confluence of Science, Law, and Public Policy: Proceedings from the 11th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 1998, Tucson, Arizona, p. 8. 360 Section 3.8 Lower San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Baird, K.J., Ronayne, M.J., and Maddock, T., III, 1997, Preliminary vegetation and hydrologic analyses for Bingham Cienega: The University of Arizona, Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Technical Report HWR 97-040, 194 p. Blakemore, T.E. 2005, Trends in streamflow of the San Pedro River, southeastern Arizona: in Conservation and Innovation in Water Management: Proceedings of the 18th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, Flagstaff, Arizona, September, 2005. Bureau of Reclamation, 1990, Upper Gila water supply analyses and sizing studies: Arizona Projects Office, draft report, April 1990. Cordy, G.E., Gellenbeck, D.J., Gebler, J.B., Anning, D.W., Coes, A.L., Edmonds, R.J. Rees, J.A., and Sanger, H.W., 2000, Water quality in the central Arizona basins, Arizona, 1995-1998: USGS Circular 1213. Eastoe, C.I., Long, A., 1994, Tritium-placed constraints on water-flow dynamics in fractured volcanic rocks, Galiuro Mountains, Arizona: Annual conference for the American Geophysical Union, May 1994, Baltimore, MD, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union 75; 16, p.143. Haney, J., 2002, Hydrology and biodiversity conservation-San Pedro River, Arizona: in Water Transfers: Past, Present and Future: Proceedings from the 15th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 2002, Flagstaff, Arizona. Harris, R.C., 1996, Uranium distribution in sediments of the lower San Pedro Valley, southeastern Arizona, and implications for indoor radon: AZGS Open-File Report 96-2, 10 p. Hereford, R., and Betancourt, J.L., 1993, Historic geomorphology of the San Pedro River: archival and physical evidence: in The First Arizonans: Clovis Occupation of the San Pedro Valley, eds. Haynes, C.V., and Huckell, B. Huckleberry, G., 1996, Historic channel changes on the San Pedro River, southeastern Arizona, AZGS Open-File Report 96-95, 35 p. Jahnke, P., T. Maddock III, and D.P. Braun. 1995. Modeling of groundwater flow and surface/ groundwater interactions for the San Pedro river basin from Fairbank to Redington, Arizona. University of Arizona, Department of Hydrology and Water Resources HWR95-010. King, K. A., Baker, D. L., Kepner, W.G., 1992, Organochlorine and trace element concentrations in the San Pedro River basin, Arizona: USFWS unnumbered report, 17 p. Konieczki, A.D., Anderson, S.R., 1990, Evaluation of recharge along the Gila River as a result of the October 1983 flood: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 89-4148, 30 pp. Section 3.8 DRAFT Lower San Pedro Basin 361 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Lawler, D., 2002, Using the streambed temperature sensors to monitor flow events in the San Pedro River, Southeast Arizona and North-Central Sonora, Mexico: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. Lawler, D., Leake, S.A., and Ferre, P.A., 2002, Using streambed temperature to identify the onset and duration of ephemeral streamflow in the San Pedro River: in Sustainability of Semiarid Hydrology and Riparian Areas: 2nd annual meeting, February 2002, Tucson Arizona, p.S19. Phillips, W.M., Robertson, F.N., Wirt, L., and Fonseca, J., 1994, Origin of water to springs in Bingham Cienega, Lower San Pedro basin, Arizona: in Riparian Conservation in the 1990’s: Program and abstracts from the 8th annual meeting of the Arizona Riparian Council, May 1994, Phoenix Arizona, p.12. Pima Association of Governments (PAG), 2001, Bingham Cienega Source Water Study: Final report, Pima County Flood Control District. Rice, G.F., 1991, The use of environmental tracers to determine relationships among aquifers in the Lower San Pedro River basin, Arizona: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. Robertson, F.N., 1991, Geochemistry of groundwater in alluvial basins of Arizona, and adjacent parts of Nevada, New Mexico and California: USGS Professional Paper 1406-C. Ronayne, M.J. and T. Maddock III. 1996. Flow model for the Bingham Cienega area, San Pedro Basin, Arizona: a management and restoration tool, HWR No. 96-050. Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona. Schulte, M.A., 1997, Dilution gauging as a method to quantify groundwater base flow fluctuations in Arizona’s San Pedro River: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. Sobczak, R.V., 1994, Confusion where ground and surface waters meet: Gila River general adjudication, Arizona and the search for subflow: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. Tellman, B., Yarde, R., and Wallace, M., 1997, Arizona’s changing rivers: How people have affected rivers: Water Resources Research Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona. USGS, 2005, Hydrogeologic investigations of the middle San Pedro, Detrital and Willcox basins, Arizona: USGS draft report, 55 p. Vionnet, L.B., 1992, Modeling of groundwater flow and surface water/groundwater interactions of the San Pedro River basin, Cochise County, Arizona: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. 362 Section 3.8 Lower San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Volunteers for Outdoor Arizona. 2000. Bingham Cienega Natural Preserve Restoration Plan: http://www.dgcenter/orgvoa/BCNP_Plan.htm. Weber, M., 2004, Joy of immersion: Recreation value of Aravaipa Creek, tributary of the San Pedro River, Arizona: in The Value of Water: Proceedings from the 17th annual Arizona Hydrological Society symposium, September 2004, Tucson Arizona. Whitaker, M.P.L., 2000, Estimating bank storage and evapotranspiration using soil, physical and hydrological techniques in a gaining reach of the San Pedro River, Arizona: University of Arizona, Ph. D. dissertation. Wittler, R. J., Klawon, J.E., and Collins, K.L., 2004, Upper Gila River fluvial geomorphology study: Bureau of Reclamation final report. Wood, M.L. 1998, Historic channel changes along the Lower San Pedro River, southeastern Arizona: AZGS Open File Report 97-21, 44 p. Section 3.8 DRAFT Lower San Pedro Basin 363 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Lower San Pedro Index to Section 3.0 Geography 1,4 Hydrology 5, 6, 7 Environmental Conditions Arizona Water Protection Fund Programs 13 Instream Flow Claims 13 Conservation Areas, Refuges and Preserves 19-20 Population 20, 21, 22 Water Supply 23 Groundwater 24 Effluent 25 Cultural Water Demand Municipal Demand 31, 32, 33 Agricultural Demand 34, 37 Industrial Demand 38, 39, 40 Water Resource Issues in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Watershed Groups 42, 43 Issue Surveys 44, 47 364 Section 3.8 Lower San Pedro Basin DRAFT Section 3.9 Morenci Basin 365 c Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.9.1 Geography of the Morenci Basin The Morenci Basin is a medium-size, 1,599 square mile basin in the northeast portion of the planning area. Geographic features and principal communities are shown on Figure 3.9-1. The basin is characterized by high-elevation mountain ranges, grasslands, desert scrub, conifer forests and evergreen woodlands. 366 • Principal geographic features shown on Figure 3.9-1 are: o Principal basin communities of Clifton and Morenci o Smaller White Mountain community of Alpine in the extreme north and Point of Pines in the western portion of the basin o San Francisco River running from the west to the east in Apache County and from the east to the south near Clifton o Blue River south of the Apache County line, which flows south through the basin and joins the San Francisco River o Eagle Creek in the vicinity of the boundary between Graham and Greenlee Counties • Not well shown on Figure 3.9-1 is the Mogollon Rim, which includes the highest point in the basin at 9,346 feet. Section 3.9 Morenci Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R31E APACHE COUNTY T6N T4½N R30E T4N R28E R26E R24E GREENLEE COUNTY GRAHAM COUNTY NEW MEXICO T2N T2S Morenci T4S ! Clifton ! 0 6 ¨ c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Base Map: USGS 1:500,000, 1981 Section 3.9 DRAFT Morenci Basin 12 Miles COUNTY State Boundary City, Town or Place ! Figure 3.9-1 Morenci Basin Geographic Features 367 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.9.2 Land Ownership in the Morenci Basin Land ownership, including the percentage of ownership in each category, is shown for the Morenci Basin in Figure 3.9-2. Primary land ownership features are the large block of national forest land, a significant amount of tribal land and the relatively large contiguous portion of private land around Morenci used predominantly for mining activities. A description of land ownership data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.8. A key land ownership feature of this basin is the large amount of National Forest Service land in the Apache-Sitgreaves National Forest. This basin contains a one-third of the two million acre forest. This forest is unique in Arizona because it contains more than 680 miles of rivers and streams and 34 lakes and reservoirs, more than any other Southwestern National Forest. The basin also includes the entire 172,762 acre Blue Range Primitive Area, the only primitive area in the United States (USFS, 2006). Land ownership categories are discussed below in the order of percentage from largest to smallest in the basin. National Forest and Wilderness • 67.6% of the land is federally owned and managed as national forest and wilderness. • All national forest land in the basin is in the Apache-Sitgreaves National Forest in two ranger districts, the Alpine Ranger District in the northern portion of the basin and the Clifton Ranger District in the southern portion of the basin. • Primary land uses are recreation, wildlife protection and timber production. Indian Reservations • 21.7% of the land is under ownership of the San Carlos Apache Tribe. • Primary land use is grazing. Private • 5.8% of land is private. • The majority of private land is surrounding Morenci. • Private in-holdings are scattered throughout the National Forest lands. • Primary land uses are mining, domestic and commercial. U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) • 3.8% of land is federally owned and managed by the Safford Field Office of the Bureau of Land Management. • The basin contains a small portion of the Gila Box Riparian National Conservation Area in T5S, R29E. • All BLM land is in the southern-most tip of the basin and is interspersed with private and state trust lands. • Primary land use is grazing. 368 Section 3.9 Morenci Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 State Trust • 1.6% of land in this basin is held in trust for public schools and to a lesser extent the University of Arizona, hospital for disabled miners and the Arizona Hospital. • All state owned land is in the southernmost-tip of the basin and is interspersed with BLM and private lands. • Primary land use is grazing. Section 3.9 DRAFT Morenci Basin 369 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R31E APACHE COUNTY T6N 18 0 19 1 T4½N R30E T4N APACHE-SITGREAVES NATIONAL FOREST T2N R26E GREENLEE COUNTY GRAHAM COUNTY R24E NEW MEXICO R28E 19 1 SAN CARLOS INDIAN RESERVATION T2S Morenci 78 T4S Clifton GILA BOX RIPARIAN NATIONAL CONSERVATION AREA 0 6 Land Ownership (Percentage in Basin) 12 Miles National Forest & Wilderness (67.6%) Indian Reservations (21.7%) Private (5.8%) U.S. Bureau of Land Management (3.3%) State Trust (1.6%) c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Source: ALRIS , 2004 Bureau of Land Management, 1999 370 Figure 3.9-2 Morenci Basin Land Ownership National Conservation Area COUNTY State Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.9 Morenci Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.9.3 Climate of the Morenci Basin Climate data from NOAA/NWS Coop Network and SNOTEL/Snowcourse stations are complied in Table 3.9-1 and the locations are shown on Figure 3.9-3. The Morenci Basin does not contain Evaporation Pan and AZMET stations. A description of the climate data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.3. NOAA/NWS Coop Network • Refer to Table 3.9-1A. • There are four NOAA/NWS Coop Network stations in the basin. • Of the four stations, data from different periods of record may be used as shown. This may be due to discontinued measurements, date of installation or other availability issues. • Stations are located throughout the basin. • Station elevation ranges from 3,480 feet at Clifton to 8,050 feet at Alpine. • Maximum average temperatures range from 61.6°F in Alpine to 84.7°F in Clifton. • Minimum average temperatures range from 29.1°F in Alpine to 45.8°F in Clifton. • Station precipitation varies with an annual average precipitation range of 13.29 inches in Morenci to 21.66 inches in Alpine. • Three of the stations, Alpine, Blue and Clifton, report the highest average precipitation in the summer season (July –September). One station, Granville, reports highest average precipitation in the Fall (October – December). • The driest season at all stations is spring (April – June). • Additional precipitation information shows rainfall as high as 32 inches along the Mogollon Rim near Highway 191 and as low as 12 inches in the vicinity of Clifton. • Altitude is the principal factor in precipitation in this basin. The range of 20 inches between areas of highest and lowest precipitation is relatively high for the planning area. SNOTEL/Snowcourse • Refer to table 3.9-1D. • The Morenci Basin is the only basin in the planning area with SNOTEL/Snowcourse data. • There are five snow measurement sites in the basin. Snow pack is measured in inches of snow water content. Ten inches of fresh snow can contain as little as 0.10 inches of water or up to 4 inches depending on a number of factors. The majority of U.S. snows fall with a water-to-snow ratio of between 0.04 and 0.10. (NSIDC, 2006) • The site elevation range is narrow, from 7,990 feet at Beaverhead SNOTEL to 8,500 feet at Nutrioso. • Four sites, Beaverhead, Beaverhead SNOTEL, Coronado Trail and Hannagan Meadows, record highest snow pack in March. Two sites, Coronado Trail SNOTEL and Nutrioso,  There is a discrepancy between the average annual precipitation shown on the map and the average annual precipitation indicated from the NOAA/NWS Coop station for the Granville area. The map shows precipitation between 22 and 24 inches for the area whereas the average annual precipitation at the station is 17.19 inches. This discrepancy may be caused by different periods of record displayed for the station and that used to construct the precipitation contours. Section 3.9 DRAFT Morenci Basin 371 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 • • 372 report highest snow pack in February. Highest average snow pack is 9.8 inches at Hannagan Meadows. In general there is a correlation between elevation and average snow pack in the month with the highest snow pack. Location of the site and the period of record affect snow pack accumulation averages. Section 3.9 Morenci Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.9-1 Climate Data for the Morenci Basin A. NOAA/NWS Co-op Network: Elevation (in feet) Period of Record Used for Averages Alpne 8050 Blue Station Name Average Temperature Range (in F) Average Total Precipitation (in inches) Max/Month Min/Month Winter Spring Summer Fall Annual 1971-2000 61.6/Jul 29.1/Jan 3.94 2.24 10.31 5.17 21.66 5420 1971-2000 70.5/Jul 36.0/Dec 4.37 1.86 9.82 5.09 21.14 Granvlle 6800 1 1955-1975 70.2/Jul 34.7/Jan 3.03 3.25 5.73 6.47 17.19 Clfton 3480 1971-2000 84.7/Jul 45.8/Dec 3.00 1.10 5.77 3.42 13.29 Source: WRCC, 2003. Notes: Average temperature for perod of record shown; average precptaton from 1971-2000 1 B. Evaporation Pan: Station Name Elevation (in feet) Period of Record Avg. Annual Evap Used for (in inches) Averages None Source: WRCC, 2003. C. AZMET: Station Name Elevation (in feet) Period of Record Average Annual Reference Evaportranspiration, in inches Used for (number of years to calculate averages) Averages None Source: Arzona Meteorologcal Network, 2005 D. SNOTEL/Snowcourse: Elevation (in feet) Period of Record Used for Averages Beaverhead 8,000 Station Name Average Snowpack, at Beginning of the Month, as Inches Snow Water Content (Number of measurements to calculate average) Jan. Feb. March April May June 1938 - current 1.5 (25) 2.7 (65) 2.8 (66) 1.2 (62) 0.4 (1) 0 (0) Coronado Tral 8,350 1938 - current 1.4 (27) 2.8 (67) 2.9 (67) 1.0 (63) 0 (1) 0 (0) Coronado Tral SNOTEL 8,400 1983 - current 1.8 (22) 3.1 (22) 3.0 (22) 0.4 (21) 0 (22) 0 (22) Hannagan Meadows 9,090 1964 - 2000 4.5 (23) 7.3 (36) 9.8 (36) 9.3 (36) 8.1 (36) 0 (0) Nutroso 8,500 1938 - current 1.0 (27) 1.9 (67) 1.8 (67) 0.6 (67) 0 (1) 0 (0) Source: Natural Resources Conservaton Servce, 2005 Section 3.9 DRAFT Morenci Basin 373 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 T6N 24 28 APACHE COUNTY Nutrioso 26 R31E Alpine 191 22 Coronado Trail 26 Coronado Trail (SNOTEL) 20 T4½N Beaverhead T4N R30E 22 28 Hannagan Meadows R28E 24 Blue 30 26 26 28 22 R24E NEW MEXICO R26E 24 GREENLEE 18 COUNTY 20 22 GRAHAM COUNTY T2N 24 191 22 18 22 20 16 20 T2S Average Annual Precipitation (1961-1990) 16 22 Granville inches per year 12-14 18 14-16 18 Clifton Morenci Clifton 78 T4S 16-18 18-20 20-22 20 14 22-24 24-26 26-28 28-30 0 6 12 Miles 30-32 Meteorological Stations WRCC NRCS Snow Figure 3.9-3 Morenci Basin Meteorological Stations and Annual Precipitation Precipitation Data Source: Oregon State University, 1998 c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES 374 Precipitation Contour 12 COUNTY State Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.9 Morenci Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.9.4 Surface Water Conditions in the Morenci Basin Streamflow data, including average seasonal flow, average annual flow and other information is shown in Table 3.9-2. Flood ALERT equipment in the basin as of September 2004 is shown on Table 3.9-3. Reservoir and stockpond data, including maximum storage or maximum surface area of large reservoirs and type of use of the stored water, are shown in Table 3.9-4. The location of streamflow gages, using the USGS number, is shown on Figure 3.9-4. The location of large reservoirs as well as USGS runoff contours are also shown on Figure 3.9-4. A description of stream data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.16. A description of reservoir data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.11. A description of stockpond data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.15. Streamflow Data • Refer to Table 3.9-2. • Data from six stations, including three discontinued stations, are shown on the table and on Figure 3.9-2. • These stations are located on the Blue River, the San Francisco River, Willow Creek and Eagle Creek. • The average seasonal flow as a percentage of annual flow for most of the stations is highest in the Winter (January-March) and lowest in the Spring (April-June) or Summer (JulySeptember). • The two stations on Willow Creek report highest average seasonal flow in the Summer (July-September), however flows during the rest of the year are comparable to the summer flows. • Maximum annual flow in this basin was 678,755 acre-feet in 1915 on the San Francisco River. Minimum annual flow was 724 acre-feet in 1964 on Willow Creek. Flood ALERT Equipment • Refer to Table 3.9-3. • There are seven stations in the basin as of October 2005. • Four stations are precipitation stations, two stations are precipitation/stage stations and one station is a weather station. Reservoirs and Stockponds • Refer to Table 3.9-4 • There are four large and 16 small reservoirs in this basin. • The largest reservoir, the Silver Basin, has a maximum storage capacity of 5,200 acrefeet. • The reservoirs are used for irrigation, recreation and other purposes. • Four of the small reservoirs have a maximum storage capacity of 1,327 acre-feet. The remaining 12 small reservoirs have a total surface area of 138 acres. • There are an estimated 673 stockponds in this basin. Section 3.9 DRAFT Morenci Basin 375 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Runoff Contour • Refer to Figure 3.9-4. • Average annual runoff increases from 0.5 inches in the vicinity of Clifton and Morenci to two inches as you move north toward the Mogollon Rim. Runoff is one inch in the far northern part of the basin. 376 Section 3.9 Morenci Basin DRAFT 2,763 102 149 377 Blue Rver near Clfton San Francsco Rver at Clfton Wllow Creek near Pont of Pnes near Morenc 9444500 9445500 Wllow Creek near Double Crcle 9446000 Ranch near Morenc Eagle Creek near Double Crcle Ranch near Morenc 9444200 6,410 6,310 6,340 6,880 6,910 8/1944-9/1967 (dscontnued) 8/1944-9/1967 (dscontnued) 8/1944-9/1967 (dscontnued) 10/1910-current 11/1967-current 49 33 27 26 41 39 Winter 14 19 22 27 20 22 Spring 15 26 29 27 16 14 Summer 22 22 22 20 22 25 Fall Average Seasonal Flow (% of annual flow) Section 3.9 DRAFT Morenci Basin Notes: Statstcs based on Calendar Year Annual Flow statstcs based on monthly values Summaton of Average Annual Flows may not equal 100 due to roundng. Perod of record may not equal Year of Record used for annual Flow/Year statstcs due to only usng years wth a 12 month record Eagle Creek above Pumpng 9447000 622 6,060 4/1944-current Plant near Morenc Sources: USGS NWIS; Pope et al, USGS 1998; and Fsk et al., USGS 2003. 9446500 506 USGS Station Name Station Number Period of Record Table 3.9-2 Streamflow Data for the Morenci Basin Contributing Mean Basin Drainage Area (in sq. Elevation (in feet) miles) 12,311 (1953) 8,181 (1953) 2,013 (1964) 724 (1964) 30,415 (1951) 9,487 (2002) Minimum 34,398 14,914 8,688 7,855 91,606 38,091 Median 48,850 18,906 9,929 8,433 146,532 50,373 Mean 405,530 (1993) 48,579 (1965) 28,018 (1965) 19,403 (1965) 678,755 (1915) 176,695 (1983) Maximum Annual Flow (in acre-feet/year) 377 58 22 22 22 79 30 Years of Annual Flow Record Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 378 Precptaton Weather Staton Maverck Hll Blue Rver Clfton Blue Vsta Escudlla Mountan Clfton ADOT Weather Staton 515 525 560 575 580 610 Notes: NA = Not avalable ADOT = Arzona Department of Transportaton ADWR = Arzona Department of Water Resources Precptaton Precptaton/Stage Precptaton/Stage Precptaton Precptaton Sardne Saddle 510 Station Type Station Name Station ID 8/31/2001 10/23/1996 1/1/1996 NA 1/1/1993 NA 11/15/1993 Install Date Table 3.9-3 Flood ALERT Equipment in the Morenci Basin ADWR Section 3.9 Town of Clfton Town of Clfton Town of Clfton Town of Clfton Town of Clfton Town of Clfton Responsibility Morenci Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.9-4 Reservoirs and Stockponds in the Morenci Basin A. Large Reservoirs (500 acre-feet capacity and greater) MAP KEY RESERVOIR/LAKE NAME (Name of dam, if different) OWNER/OPERATOR MAXIMUM STORAGE (AF) USE1 JURISDICTION 1 Slver Basn Phelps Dodge-Morenc 5,200 O State 2 Luna Luna Irrgaton 1,800 I State 3 Columbne Phelps Dodge-Morenc 5222 O State B. Other Large Reservoirs (50 acre surface area or greater)3 MAP KEY RESERVOIR/LAKE NAME (Name of dam, if different) OWNER/OPERATOR MAXIMUM SURFACE AREA (acres) USE1 JURISDICTION 4 Dry San Carlos Apache Trbe 229 R Trbal C. Small Reservoirs (greater than 15 acre-feet and less than 500 acre-feet capacity) Total number: 4 Total maximum storage: 1,327 acre-feet D. Other Small Reservoirs (between 5 and 50 acres surface area)3 Total number: 12 Total surface area: 138 acres E. Stockponds (up to 15 acre-feet capacity) Total number: 673 (from water right filings) Notes: I=rrgaton; O=other; R=recreaton 2 Normal capacty < 500acre-feet 3 Capacty data not avalable to ADWR 1 Section 3.9 DRAFT Morenci Basin 379 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R31E Sa n Ci en eg a Fr an Cr e APACHE COUNTY cis co Ri ve T6N 580 r 2 ek T4½N 1 2 T4N R30E R28E 575 T2N R26E GREENLEE COUNTY Cre GRAHAM ek COUNTY 1 9445500 9446000 Eagle Creek 4 525 9446500 9444200 610 S an F r an 0.5 Morenci 1 0 iv 510 9447000 6 NEW MEXICO Will ow Blue River R24E 2 3 c is co er R Clifton 560 9444500 12 Miles T2S 515 T4S USGS Annual Runoff Contour for 1951-1980 (in inches) Stream Channel (width of line reflects stream order) Reservoir > 500 AF Capacity c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Stream Data Source: ALRIS, 2005 380 Figure 3.9-4 Morenci Basin Surface Water Conditions 2 1 Stream Gages USGS Flood COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.9 Morenci Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.9.5 Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major Springs in the Morenci Basin Major and minor springs with discharge rates and date of measurement, and the total number of springs in the basin are shown in Table 3.9-5. The locations of major springs as well as perennial and intermittent streams are shown on Figure 3.9-5. A description of data sources and methods for intermittent and perennial reaches is found in Volume 1, 1.3.16. A description of spring data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.14. • • • • • • • • There are many perennial stream reaches located throughout the basin. Some of these streams are the San Francisco River, Blue River, Grant Creek, Strayhorse Creek, KP Creek, Willow Creek, Cienega Creek and Eagle Creek. Numerous intermittent streams are also located throughout the basin. There are nine major springs with a measured discharge of 10 gallons per minute (gpm) or greater at any time. Listed discharge rates may not be indicative of current conditions. All springs measurements are over 10 years old; seven springs were measured before 1982 and one has no date. Major springs are found throughout most of the basin. The greatest discharge rate was measured along the Blue River north of Clifton (unnamed spring, 200 gpm). Three-quarters of the major springs have discharges greater than or equal to 50 gpm. Springs with measured discharge of 1 to 10 gpm are not mapped but coordinates are given in Table 3.9-5. There are eight minor springs identified in this basin. The total number of springs identified by the USGS varies from 308 to 358, depending on the database reference. Section 3.9 DRAFT Morenci Basin 381 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.9-5 Springs in the Morenci Basin A. Major Springs (10 gpm or greater): Locaton Lattude Dscharge Date Dscharge 1 Measured Longtude (n gpm) Unnamed2 331603 1091053 200 6/16/1978 2 Unnamed2 331922 1091123 100 NA 3 Unnamed 331735 1091603 100 6/16/1978 4 Eagle Creek Hot 330249 1092623 50 5 Hannah 332401 1090907 50 6 KP Cenega (multple) 333428 1092116 50 6/26/1973 7 Rock Basn 331302 1090748 20 On or before 1982 8 Smuggler2 325653 1092041 20 07/1992 9 Unnamed2 334448 1090404 10 6/14/1978 Map Key Name 1 On or before 1982 On or before 1982 B. Minor Springs (1 to 10 gpm): Locaton Name Coronado Gulch 2,3 Sycamore Gulch2,3 Lattude Dscharge Date Dscharge 1 Measured Longtude (n gpm) 331002 1092202 5 6/17/1978 331000 1092109 3 04/1980 330854 1091837 3 12/1981 2,3 331047 1092050 2 04/1980 Judges2,3 330919 1092249 2 12/1991 Strayhorse Metcalf 332638 1092131 2 6/26/1978 2,3 Sycamore 330026 1091857 1 04/1980 Burnt Corral 333124 1091808 1 6/26/1978 C. Total number of springs, regardless of discharge, identified by USGS (see ALRIS, 2005 and NHD, 2006): 308 to 358 Notes: NA = Not Avalable 1 Most recent measurement dentfed by ADWR 2 Sprng not dsplayed on current USGS topo map 3 Locaton approxmated by ADWR 382 Section 3.9 Morenci Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R31E APACHE COUNTY Sa T6N n Fr an c isco R 180 ive r 191 Ca m T4½N 9 pb e ll Blue Creek T4N er R30E v R i ek o rs e T2N Cr e e k k h ay Eagle C r e ek Cr e ek Bl 5 h w le Lit t R24E Willo ue St r R26E C r ee R28E e Blu NEW MEXICO KP Cre 6 Tu r as GRAHAM COUNTY e Sh e pW ke yC 3 191 2 r e ek 1 T2S Ci e k ga Cree ne San Fra nci s GREENLEE COUNTY co 7 r ve Ri 78 T4S Morenci Clifton 4 8 0 6 12 Miles 1 Springs Intermittent Streams Perennial Streams ARIZONA O DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES c Stream Data Source: AGFD, 1993 & 1997 Section 3.9 DRAFT Morenci Basin Figure 3.9-5 Morenci Basin Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major (>10 gpm) Springs COUNTY State Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place 383 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.9.6 Groundwater Conditions of the Morenci Basin Major aquifers, well yields, estimated natural recharge, estimated water in storage, number of index wells and date of last water-level sweep are shown in Table 3.9-6. Figure 3.9-6 shows aquifer flow direction and water-level change between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004. Figure 3.9-7 contains hydrographs for selected wells shown on Figure 3.9-6. Figure 3.9-8 shows well yields in five yield categories. A description of aquifer data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.2. A description of well data sources and methods, including water-level changes and well yields is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.19. Major Aquifers • Refer to Table 3.9-6 and Figure 3.9-6. • The major aquifers in this basin are recent stream alluvium and volcanic rock. • Flow direction is generally from north to south. Well Yields • Refer to Table 3.9-6 and Figure 3.9-8. • As shown on Figure 3.9-8 well yields in this basin range from less than 100 gallons per minute (gpm) to more than 2,000 gpm. • One source of well yield information, based on 53 reported wells, indicates that the median well yield in this basin is 600 gpm. Natural Recharge • Refer to Table 3.9-6. • The only natural recharge estimate in this basin is 15,000 acre-feet per year from a 1986 Freethey and Anderson study. Water in Storage • Refer to Table 3.9-6. • The only storage estimate is a predevelopment estimate of 3 million acre-feet to a depth of 1,200 feet. Water Level • Refer to Figure 3.9-6. Water levels are shown for wells measured in 2003-2004. • The Department annually measures two index wells in this basin. • In 1978, the year of the last water level sweep, six wells were measured. • The deepest recorded water level in the basin in 2003-2004 is 78 feet and the shallowest is eight feet. All recorded water level changes are in the vicinity of Alpine. • Of the three recorded wells in the basin, water level in one has decreased between one and 15 feet, one has increased between 15 and 30 feet and the third lacks change data. • Hydrographs corresponding to selected wells shown on Figure 3.9-6 but covering a longer time period are shown in Figure 3.9-7. 384 Section 3.9 Morenci Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.9-6 Groundwater Data for the Morenci Basin Basin Area, in square miles: 1,599 Name and/or Geologic Units Recent Stream Alluvum Major Aquifer(s): Volcanc Rock Well Yields, in gal/min: Estimated Natural Recharge, in acre-feet/year: Estimated Water Currently in Storage, in acre-feet: NA Measured by ADWR and/or USGS Range 2 - 5,900 Medan 600 (53 wells reported) Reported on regstraton forms for large (> 10-nch) dameter wells NA ADWR (1990 and 1994) Range 0 - 2,500 Annng and Duet, USGS (1994) 15,000 Freethey and Anderson (1986) NA ADWR (1990 and 1994) 3,000,0001 (to 1,200 ft) Freethey and Anderson (1986) NA Arzona Water Commsson (1975) Current Number of Index Wells: 2 Date of Last Water-level Sweep: 1978 (6 wells measured) Notes: NA = Not Avalable 1 Predevelopment Estmate Section 3.9 DRAFT Morenci Basin 385 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R31E T6N APACHE COUNTY A 78 8 44 180 T4½N 191 T4N R30E R28E T2N NEW MEXICO R26E R24E 191 GRAHAM COUNTY GREENLEE COUNTY T2S Morenci T4S 78 Clifton Water-level change in feet between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004 H number is depth to water in feet letter is hydrograph 375 Between -15 and -1 0 6 12 Miles Between +15 and +30 Change Data Not Available Generalized Flow Direction Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments ARIZONA O DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES c 386 Figure 3.9-6 Morenci Basin Groundwater Conditions COUNTY State Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.9 Morenci Basin DRAFT Depth To Water In Feet Below Land Surface Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.9 DRAFT Figure BASIN 3.9-7 MORENCI Morenci Basin DEPTH HYDROGRAPH SHOWING Hydrographs Showing Depth to Water in Selected Wells TO WATER IN SELECTED WELLS 75 A WELL DEPTH: 262 ft USE: PUBLIC SUPPLY volcanic rocks A-05-30 13DBC 125 175 1975 1985 1995 2005 YEAR Morenci Basin 387 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R31E APACHE COUNTY T6N 180 T4½N 191 T4N R30E R28E T2N NEW MEXICO R26E GREENLEE COUNTY R24E GRAHAM COUNTY 191 T2S Morenci 78 T4S Clifton Well Yields Greater than 2000 gals/min Between 1000 and 2000 gals/min Between 500 and 1000 gals/min 0 6 12 Miles Between 100 and 500 gals/min Less than 100 gals/min Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments COUNTY ARIZONA O DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES c 388 Figure 3.9-8 Morenci Basin Well Yields State Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.9 Morenci Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.9.7 Water Quality of the Morenci Basin Drinking water standard exceedences in wells, springs and mine sites including location and parameter(s) exceeded are shown in Table 3.9-7A. Impaired lakes and streams with site type, name, length of impaired stream reach, area of impaired lake, designated use standard and parameter(s) exceeded is shown in Table 3.9-7B. Figure 3.9-9 shows the location of exceedences and impairment keyed to Table 3.9-7. A description of water quality data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.18. Not all parameters were measured at all sites; selective sampling for particular constituents is common. Wells, Springs and Mines • Refer to Table 3.9-7A. • Drinking water standard exceedences have been reported for three wells in the basin. • All wells are in the southern portion of the basin. • Parameters exceeded in the sites measured in this basin included beryllium, cadmium, copper, fluoride, arsenic, lead and nitrates Lakes and Streams • Refer to Table 3.9-7B. • Water quality standards were exceeded in one lake, Luna Lake, and one reach of the San Francisco River. • The parameters exceeded in Luna Lake included dissolved oxygen, nitrates, phosphorus and pH levels. • The parameter exceeded in the San Francisco River was sediment. • Luna Lake has been evaluated under the ADEQ water quality improvement effort called the Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) program. The TMDL report for Luna Lake was accepted by the EPA in 2000 and implementation of the water quality improvement plan is underway. There are no TMDL reports for the impaired reach of the San Francisco River. Section 3.9 DRAFT Morenci Basin 389 390 Well Well Well 1 2 3 Lake Stream a b Range NA 13 San Francsco Rver (headwaters to New Mexco border) Length of Impaired Stream Reach (in miles) 29 East 29 East 32 East Luna Site Name 4 South 4 South 4 South Township Site Location NA 120 Area of Impaired Lake (in acres) 2 20 18 Section A&W A&W, AgL, FBC Sedment DO, NO3, P, pH Designated Use Parameter(s) Exceeding Use Standard2 Standard3 Be, Cd, Cu, F As, Pb NO3 Parameter(s) Exceeding Drinking Water Standard2 Notes: Because of map scale, feature locatons may appear dfferent than the locaton ndcated on the table NA = Not applcable 1 Water qualty samples collected between 1996 and 2004. 2 As = Arsenc Be = Beryllum Cd = Cadmum Cu = Copper DO = Dssolved oxygen F= Fluorde Pb = Lead NO3 = Ntrate/Ntrte P = Phosphorous pH = measurement of acdty or alkalnty 3 A&W = Aquatc and Wldlfe AgL = Agrcultural Lvestock Waterng FBC = Full Body Contact Site Type Map Key B. Lakes and Streams Site Type Map Key A. Wells, Springs and Mines Table 3.9-7 Water Quality Exceedences in the Morenci Basin 1 Section 3.9 Morenci Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R31E T6N APACHE COUNTY b a b T4½N T4N R30E R28E T2N NEW MEXICO R26E GREENLEE COUNTY R24E GRAHAM COUNTY T2S 1 2 Morenci Clifton 0 6 12 Miles 3 T4S Well , Spring or Mine Site with Recorded MCL Exceedence Impaired Stream or Lake Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Figure 3.9-9 Morenci Basin Water Quality Conditions c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Section 3.9 DRAFT Morenci Basin 1 a Unconsolidated Sediments COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place 391 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.9.8 Cultural Water Demands in the Morenci Basin Cultural water demand data including population, number of wells and the average well pumpage and surface water diversions by the municipal, industrial and agricultural sectors are shown in Table 3.9-8. Effluent generation including facility ownership, location, population served and not served, volume treated, disposal method and treatment level is shown on Table 3.9-9. Figure 3.9-10 shows the location of demand centers. A description of cultural water demand data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.5. More detailed information on cultural water demands is found in Section 3.0.7. Cultural Water Demands • • • • • • • • • Refer to Table 3.9-8 and Figure 3.9-10. Population decreased from 1980 to 2000. Projections suggest a slight increase in population through 2050. Total groundwater use has increased from 1971 to 2003 with an average of 11,500 acre-feet pumped per year in the period from 2001-2003. Historical surface-water diversions are not available for this basin, however, surface water diversions have decreased from 1991 to 2003 with 1,000 acre-feet diverted per year in the period from 1991 – 2003. All surface-water diversions between 1991 and 2003 were for municipal and industrial uses, however, over 90% of the municipal and industrial water supply is groundwater. Almost all municipal and industrial demand is in the vicinity of Clifton and Morenci. Also in the Morenci and Clifton area is the active Morenci Mine. There is no agricultural demand reported in this basin. As of 2003 there were 472 registered wells with a pumping capacity of less than or equal to 35 gallons per minute and 72 wells with a pumping capacity of more than 35 gallons per minute. Effluent Generation • Refer to Table 3.9-9. • There are three wastewater treatment facilities in the basin. • Two of these facilities serve communities, effluent at the third facility is generated by the copper mining process and used for industrial purposes. • Over 3,500 people are served by the two municipal facilities. • 186 acre-feet of effluent from the municipal facilities per year are generated in this basin and discharged into either an evaporation pond or a watercourse. 392 Section 3.9 Morenci Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.9-8 Cultural Water Demands in the Morenci Basin1 Year Recent Average Annual Demand (in acre-feet) Number of Registered Water (Census) and Supply Wells Drilled Well Pumpage Surface-Water Diversions Projected (DES) Q < 35 gpm Q > 35 gpm Municipal Industrial Irrigation Municipal Industrial Irrigation Population 1971 1972 3,900 NR 1973 1974 1975 2512 432 1976 1977 4,700 NR 1978 1979 1980 8,620 1981 8,284 1982 7,948 70 7 5,100 NR 1983 7,612 1984 7,276 1985 6,940 1986 6,604 1987 6,268 28 13 6,400 NR 1988 5,932 1989 5,596 1990 5,260 1991 5,229 1992 5,199 33 1 15,500 NR 2,400 1993 5,169 1994 5,139 1995 5,108 1996 5,078 1997 5,048 48 5 20,000 NR 2,100 1998 5,018 1999 4,987 2000 4,957 2001 4,968 17 1 11,500 NR 1,000 2002 4,980 2003 4,991 2010 5,071 2020 5,426 2030 5,760 2040 6,022 2050 6,254 ADDITIONAL WELLS: 3 25 2 WELL TOTALS: 472 72 Notes: NR = Not reported 1 Does not nclude evaporaton losses from stockponds and reservors. 1 Does not nclude evaporaton losses from stockponds and reservors. 3 Other water-supply wells are lsted n the ADWR Well Regstry for ths basn, but they do not have completon dates. These wells are summed here. Section 3.9 DRAFT Morenci Basin Data Source ADWR (1994) ADWR Show Low Lake Report (2005) NR NR USGS (2005) ADWR (2005) NR 393 Morenc Phelps DodgeMorenc Water & Electrc Co. Morenc WWTF 394 Notes: NA:Data not currently avalable to ADWR WWTF: Wastewater Treatment Faclty SD: Santaton Dstrct Total Clfton Town of Clfton Clfton WWTF Alpne Alpne SD Alpne WWTF City/Location Served Ownership Facility Name 3,580 3,010 570 Population Served NA 186 140 46 Volume Treated/Generated (acre-feet/year) X Watercourse X Wildlife Area Used for ndustral processes Golf Evaporation Irrigation Course/Turf Pond Irrigation Disposal Method Table 3.9-9 Effluent Generation in the Morenci Basin Discharge to Another Facility Groundwater Recharge NA 70 70 Population Not Served Section 3.9 Secondary Secondary Current Treatment Level Morenci Basin DRAFT 2000 2000 Year of Record Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 180 NEW MEXICO 191 191 SAN CARLOS INDIAN RESERVATION 78 Morenci Clifton 0 6 12 Miles Demand Centers M&I - High Intensity Large Mine Indian Reservations Figure 3.9-10 Morenci Basin Cultural Water Demands c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES COUNTY State Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place Primary Data Source: USGS National Gap Analysis Program, 2004 Section 3.9 DRAFT Morenci Basin 395 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.9.9 Water Adequacy Determinations in the Morenci Basin Water adequacy determination information including the subdivision name, location, number of lots, adequacy determination, reason for the inadequacy determination, date of determination and subdivision water provider are shown in Table 3.9-10. Figure 3.9-11 shows the locations of subdivisions keyed to the Table. A description of the Water Adequacy Program is found in Volume 1, Appendix A. Adequacy determination data sources and methods are found in Volume 1, Sections 1.3.1. • • • • 396 Nine water adequacy determinations have been made in this basin through May, 2005. All nine determinations are in the vicinity of Alpine. One determination of water inadequacy has been made. The reason for this determination of inadequacy was legal, the applicant failed to demonstrate the legal right to use the water or failed to demonstrate the provider’s legal authority. All lots receiving an adequacy determination are in Apache County. Of the 1,759 lots, 1,725 or 98% were determined to be adequate. Section 3.9 Morenci Basin DRAFT Alpne Hghlands Alpne Vllage Acres Alpne Vllage Acres 2 Alpne Vllage East Becker Estates Blue Spruce Jackson Sprng Estates Pne Rdge Estates 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Section 3.9 DRAFT Alpne Country Club 1 Apache Apache Apache Apache Apache Apache Apache Apache Apache County 5 North 5 North 5 North 5 North 5 North 5 North 5 North 5 North 5 North Township 31 East 31 East 30 East 31 East 30 East 30 East 30 East 30 East 31 East Range Location 18 18 12 19 14 11, 14 11, 14 13 19, 20 Section 36 34 24 29 10 66 1505 47 8 No. of Lots ADWR File No.2 Adequate Inadequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate ADWR Adequacy Determination B Reason(s) for Inadequacy Determination3 08/03/83 01/07/87 07/11/89 03/29/82 07/16/85 12/16/93 03/16/88 02/28/78 07/18/84 Date of Determination Jackson Sprng Estates Owners Assocaton Pne Rdge Estates Homeowners Assocaton Alpne Water System Alpne Country Club Homeowners Assocaton Alpne Hghlands Water Company Mountan Sprngs Water Company Mountan Sprngs Water Company Mountan Sprngs Water Company Becker Estates Homeowners Assocaton Water Provider at the Time of Application Morenci Basin Each determnaton of the adequacy of water supples avalable to a subdvson s based on the nformaton avalable to ADWR and the standards of revew and polces n effect at the tme the determnaton was made. In some cases, ADWR mght make a dfferent determnaton f a smlar applcaton were submtted today, based on the hydrologc data and other nformaton currently avalable, as well as current rules and polces. 2 Pror to February 1995, ADWR dd not assgn fle numbers to applcatons for adequacy determnaton. 3 A. Physcal/Contnuous 1) Insuffcent Data (applcant chose not to submt necessary nformaton, and/or avalable hydrologc data nsuffcent to make determnaton) 2) Insuffcent Supply (exstng water supply unrelable or physcally unavable;for groundwater, depth-to-water exceeds crtera) 3) Insuffcent Infrastructure (dstrbuton system s nsuffcent to meet demands or applcant proposed water haulng) B. Legal (applcant faled to demonstrate a legal rght to use the water or faled to demonstrate the provder's legal authorty to serve the subdvson) C. Water Qualty D. Unable to locate records 1 Notes: Subdivision Name Map Key Table 3.9-10 Adequacy Determinations in the Morenci Basin1 397 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R31E APACHE COUNTY 3 T6N 7 9 8 4 5 2 1180 6 T4½N 191 T4N R30E R28E NEW MEXICO T2N R26E R24E 191 GREENLEE COUNTY GRAHAM COUNTY T2S Morenci 78 T4S Clifton Adequacy Determinations 0 6 12 Miles Adequate Inadequate Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES 398 Figure 3.9-11 Morenci Basin Adequacy Determinations COUNTY State Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.9 Morenci Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Morenci Basin References and Supplemental Reading References A Anderson, T.W., and Freethey, G.W., 1995, Simulation of groundwater flow in alluvial basins in south central Arizona and parts of adjacent states: USGS Professional Paper 1406-D. Anning, D.W. and Duet, N.R., 1994, Summary of ground-water conditions in Arizona, 1987-90, USGS Open-file Report 94-476. Arizona Corporation Commission, 2005, Annual reports, Private Sewer companies, 1990 to 2005: ACC Utilities Division. _____, 2005, Annual reports, Small water providers, 1990 to 2005: ACC Utilities Division. *Arizona Department of Economic Security, 2005, Workforce Informer: Data file, accessed August 2005, http://www.workforce.az.gov. Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, 2005, Active dairy farms & feedlots: Data file, received October 2005. *____, 2005, ADEQSWI: Data file, received September 2005. *____, 2005, ADEQWATP: Data file, received May 2005. *____, 2005, ADEQWWTP: Data file, received August 2005. *____, 2005, Azurite: Data file, received September 2005. _____, 2005, Effluent dependent waters: GIS cover, received December 2005. *____, 2005, Impaired lakes and reaches: GIS cover, received January 2006. _____, 2005, Surface water sources used by water providers: Data file, received June 2005. *____, 2005, WWTP and permit files: Miscellaneous working files, received July 2005. *____, 2004, Water providers with arsenic concentrations in wells over 10ppb: Data file, received August 2004. *____, 2004, Water quality exceedences by watershed: Data file, received June 2004. *____, 2004, Water quality exceedences for drinking water providers in Arizona: Data file, received September 2004. * Arizona Department of Mines and Mineral Resources (ADMMR), 2005, Active mines in Arizona: Database, accessed at http:// www.admmr.state.az.us. * Arizona Department of Water Resources, 2006, Assured and adequate water supply applications: Project files, ADWR Hydrology Division. _____, 2006, Statement of claimants filed by the Indian tribes or the United States on their behalf in the Gila and Little Colorado River adjudications: Data files, ADWR Office of Planning and Adjudications Support. *____, 2005, Agricultural Surface Water Use Estimates: Unpublished analysis, ADWR Office of Resource Assessment Planning. *____, 2005, Automated recorder sites: Data files, ADWR Basic Data Unit. _____, 2005, 2004 rural water provider questionnaire: Data files, ADWR Office of Resource All references marked with an asterisk contain information that was directly used in the basin summaries, tables or maps. Section 3.9 DRAFT Morenci Basin 399 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Assessment Planning. *____, 2005, Assured and adequate water supply determinations: Database, ADWR Office of Assured and Adequate Water Supply. *____, 2005, Flood warning gages: Database, ADWR Office of Water Engineering. *____, 2005, Inspected dams: Database, ADWR Office of Dam Safety. *____, 2005, Non-jurisdictional dams: Database, ADWR Office of Dam Safety. *____,2005, Groundwater Site Inventory (GWSI): Database, ADWR Hydrology Division. *____, 2005, Registry of surface water rights: ADWR Office of Water Management. *____, 2005, Supplemental Contested Case Hydrographic Survey Report in Re Phelps Dodge Corporation (Show Low Lake) Volume I. *____, 2005, Water use by golf courses in rural Arizona: Unpublished analysis, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 2005, Wells55: Database. _____, 2004, Rural Water Resources 2003 Questionnaire Report: Rural water resources study, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 2002, Groundwater quality exceedences in rural Arizona from 1975 to 2001: Data file, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 1994, Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Vol. I, Inventory and Analysis. *____, 1994, Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Vol. II, Hydrologic Summary. * Arizona Game and Fish Department, 2005, Arizona Waterways: Data file, received April 2005. *____, 1997 & 1993, Statewide riparian inventory and mapping project: GIS cover. _____, 1982, Arizona Lakes Classification Study. * Arizona Land Resource Information System (ALRIS), 2005, Surface Beneficiaries, GIS cover, accessed September 2006 at http://sco.az.gov/website/parcels/viewer.htm *____, 2005, Springs: GIS cover, accessed January 2006 at http://www.land.state .az.us/alris/ index.html. *____, 2005, Streams: GIS cover, accessed 2005 at http://www.land.state .az.us/alris/index.html. *____, 2005, Water features: GIS cover, accessed July 2005 at http://www.land. state.az.us/alris/ index.html. *____, 2004, Land ownership: GIS cover, accessed in 2004 at http://www.land.state.az.us/ alris/ index.html. Arizona Meteorological Network (AZMET), 2005, Arizona climate stations: Pan evaporation date, accessed December 2005 at http://www.ag.arizona.edu /azmet/locate.html. *Arizona Water Commission, 1975, Summary, Phase I, Arizona State Water Plan, Inventory of resource and uses. B *Bureau of Land Management, 2005, Springs in the Safford region: Data file received January 2005. Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, 1982, Geothermal Resources of Arizona: University of Arizona, map. D Diroll, M., and Marsh, D., 2006, Status of water quality in Arizona-2004 integrated 305(b) assessment and 303(d) listing report: ADEQ report. 400 Section 3.9 Morenci Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 E Environmental Protection Agency, 2005, Surf Your Watershed: Facility reports, accessed April 2005 at http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/ef_home2.water. _____, 2005, 2000 and 1996, Clean Watershed Needs Survey: datasets, accessed March 2005 at http://www.epa.gov/owm /mtb/cwns/index.htm. F *Fisk, G.G., Duet, D.W., Evans, C.E., Angernoth, N.K., and Longsworth, S.A., 2004, Water Resources Data, Arizona Water Year 2003: USGS Water-Data Report AZ-03-1. *Freethey, G.W. and Anderson, T.W. 1986, Predevelopment hydrologic conditions in the alluvial basins of Arizona and adjacent parts of California and New Mexico: USGS Hydrologic Investigations Atlas-HA664. K Konieczki, A.D. and Wilson, R.P., 1992, Annual summary of ground-water conditions in Arizona, spring 1986 to spring 1987: USGS Open File Report 92-54. M McCormack, H.F., Fisk, G.G., Duet, N.R., Evans, D.W., Roberts, W.P., and Castillo, N.K., 2002, Water resources data Arizona, water year 2002: USGS Water Data Report AZ-02-1. N *Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), 2005, SNOTEL (Snowpack Telemetry) stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www3.wcc.nrcs. usda.gov/nwcc/ sntlsites.jsp?state=AZ. *____, 2005, Snow Course stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www.wcc.nrcs. usda.gov/nwcc/snow-course-sites.jsp?state=AZ O *Oregon State University, Spatial Climate Analysis Service (SCAS), 2006, Average annual precipitation in Arizona for 1961-1990: PRISM GIS cover, accessed in 2006 at www.ocs. orst.edu/prism. P *Pope, G.L., Rigas, P.D., and Smith, C.F., 1998, Statistical summaries of streamflow data and characteristics of drainage basins for selected streamflow-gaging stations in Arizona through water year 1996: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 98-4225. S Sundie, D.W., 1990, Draft outline of basin profiles for the state water assessment: ADWR Statewide Planning Division, Memorandum to L. Linser, January, 16, 1990. T Section 3.9 DRAFT Morenci Basin 401 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 *Tadayon, S., 2004, Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectric-power, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of the active management areas, 1991-2000: USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5293, 27 pp. U * US Army Corps of Engineers, 2004 and 2005, National Inventory of Dams: Arizona Dataset, accessed November 2004 to April 2005 at http://crunch.tec.army.mil/ nid/webpages/nid. cfm *US Forest Service, 2006, Blue Range Primitive Area, Apache-Sitgreaves National Forest, accessed October 2006 at http://www.fs.fed.us/r3/ansf/about * US Geological Survey, 2006, Average annual runoff in the United States, 1951-1980: Data file, accessed March 2006 at http://aa179.cr.usgs.gov/metadata/wrdmeta/runoff.htm. *____, 2006, Springs and spring discharges: Dataset, received November 2004 and January 2006 from USGS office in Tucson, AZ. *____, 2006, National Hydrography Dataset: Arizona dataset, accessed at http://nhd.usgs.gov/. *____, 2005, National Water Information System (NWIS): Arizona dataset, accessed December 2005 at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis. *____, 2005, Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectric-power, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of the active management areas, 2000-2005: Data file, received December 2005. *____, 2004, Southwest Regional Gap analysis study- land cover descriptions: Electronic file, accessed January 2005 at http://earth.gis.usu.edu /swgap. *____, 1981, Geographic digital data for 1:500,000 scale maps: USGS National Mapping Program Data Users Guide. V Valencia, R.A., Wennerlund, J.A., Winstead, R.A., Woods, S., Riley, L., Swanson, E., and Olson, S., 1993, Arizona riparian inventory and mapping project: Arizona Game and Fish Department. W Wahl, C.R., Boe, S.R., Wennerlund, R.A., Winstead, R.A., Allison, L.J., Kubly, D.M., 1997, Remote sensing mapping of Arizona intermittent stream riparian areas: Arizona Game and Fish Technical Report 112. Water Infrastructure Finance Authority of Arizona (WIFA), 2005, Clean Watershed Needs Survey-2004: Unpublished data sheets, received July 2005. Western Regional Climate Center (WRCC), 2005, Pan evaporation stations: Data file accessed December 2005 at http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgiwin/wwcgi. dll?wwDI~GetCity~USA. *____, 2005, Precipitation and temperature stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwDI~GetCity~USA. Wilson, R.P., 1992, Summary of groundwater conditions in Arizona 1985 to 1986: USGS Water Resources Investigation Report, 90-4179. 402 Section 3.9 Morenci Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Supplemental Reading Arizona Geological Survey, 1998, Tritium as a tracer of groundwater sources and movement in the upper Gila Drainage: Arizona Water Protection Fund Project 98-052. Arizona Geological Survey, 1997, Stable Isotopes as tracers of water quality constituents in the upper Gila River: Arizona Water Protection Fund Project 97-036. Avery, C.C., Soles, E.S., and Silbert, M.S., 2002, An Eco-hydrological assessment of a wet meadow and perennial headwater stream in the White Mountains, Arizona: in Water Transfers: Past, Present and Future: Proceedings from the 15th annual Arizona \ Hydrological Society Symposium, September 2002, Flagstaff, Arizona. Baker, D. L., and King, K. A., 1994, Environmental contaminant investigation of water quality, sediment and biota of the upper Gila River basin, Arizona: US Fish and Wildlife Service, Project No. 22410-1130-90-2-053, 53 p. Baldys, S., Ham, L.K., and Fossum, K.D., 1995, Summary statistics and trend analysis of water quality data at sites in the Gila River Basin, New Mexico and Arizona: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 95-4083, 86 p. Baldys, S., and Bayles, J.A., 1990, Flow characteristics of streams that drain the Ft. Apache and San Carlos Indian Reservations, east central Arizona: USGS Water Resources Investigation Report 90-4053. Bureau of Land Management, 1996, Final Environmental Impact Statement- Morenci Land Exchange, Greenlee County, Arizona: US Department of Interior Bureau of Reclamation, 1990, Upper Gila water supply analyses and sizing studies: Arizona Projects Office, draft report, April 1990. Graham County, 1998, Fluvial geomorphology study and demonstration projects to enhance and restore riparian habitats on the Gila River from the New Mexico border to the San Carlos Nation: Arizona Water Protection Fund Project 98-054. Hjalmarson, H.W., 1990, Flood of 1983 and the history of flooding along the San Francisco River, Clifton, Arizona: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 85-4225-B, 42 p. SFC Engineering Co., 1997, Arizona Stream Navigability Study for the upper Gila River (Safford to the state line) and the San Francisco River (Gila River Confluence to the state boundary): Arizona State Land Department Final Report. Tellman, B., Yarde, R., and Wallace, M., 1997, Arizona’s changing rivers: How people have affected rivers: Water Resources Research Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona Section 3.9 DRAFT Morenci Basin 403 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Vinson, J., Jones, B., Milczarek, M., Hammermeister, D., Donaldson, G., and Word, J., 1998, Monitoring seepage at tailings reclamation sites in southern Arizona copper mines: in Water at the Confluence of Science, Law and Public Policy: Proceedings from the 11th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 1998, Tucson, Arizona, p.170. Wittler, R. J., Klawon, J.E., and Collins, K.L., 2004, Upper Gila River fluvial geomorphology study: Bureau of Reclamation final report. US Geological Survey, 1997, Stage discharge rating curve for the Gila River, near Clifton, AZ: USGS Water Resources Unpublished report, Tucson, AZ. 404 Section 3.9 Morenci Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Morenci Basin Index to Section 3.0 Geography 1 Hydrology 5,7 Environmental Conditions Instream Flow Claims 13 Conservation Areas, Refuges and Preserves 15 Population 21, 22, 23 Water Supply Surface Water 23 Groundwater 24 Contamination Sites 26, 28 Cultural Water Demand Municipal Demand 31, 32 Industrial Demand 38, 39, 40 Water Resource Issues in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Issue Surveys 44, 47 Section 3.9 DRAFT Morenci Basin 405 Section 3.10 Safford Basin 406 c Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.10.1 Geography of the Safford Basin The Safford Basin is the largest basin in the planning area at 4,747 square miles. Geographic features and principal communities are shown on Figure 3.10-1. The basin is characterized by valleys, high-elevation mountain ranges and a variety of vegetation types such as desert scrub, grassland, woodlands, conifer forests and chaparral. • 407 Principal geographic features shown on Figure 3.10-1 are: o Principal basin communities of San Carlos, Peridot, Pima, Thatcher, Safford and Swift Trail Junction o Smaller communities of San Simon and Bowie located along Interstate 10 south of the Cochise County line and Portal located in the southern portion of the basin near the New Mexico state line o Gila River running northwest from Greenlee County through San Carlos o San Simon Creek flowing through the San Simon Valley south of Safford o Gila Mountains northeast of Pima o Pinaleño Mountains west of Swift Trail Junction, which include the highest point in the basin and planning area, Mount Graham at 10,712 feet o Dos Cabezas Mountains on the southeastern basin boundary o Chiricahua Mountains along the southeastern and southern basin boundary Section 3.10 Safford Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.10 Safford Basin DRAFT T 4N R16E T 2N GILA COUNTY ! San Carlos ! Peridot T 2S R16E PINAL COUNTY T 4S GRAHAM COUNTY R18E T 6S ! GREENLEE COUNTY Pima ! R20E Thatcher ! Safford T 8S ! Swift Trail R22E Junction R24E T10S T12S COCHISE COUNTY R26E T14S R28E NEW MEXICO T16S T18S T20S R30E T22S R32E COUNTY State Boundary City, Town or Place 0 ! 6 ¨ 12 Miles Figure 3.10-1 Safford Basin Geographic Features c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Base Map: USGS 1:500,000, 1981 408 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.10.2 Land Ownership in the Safford Basin Land ownership, including the percentage of ownership in each category, for the Safford Basin is shown in Figure 3.10-2. A principal feature of land ownership is the diversity of land ownership types, eight total. A description of land ownership data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.8. Land ownership categories are discussed below in the order of percentage from largest to smallest in the basin. Indian Reservations • 29.5% of land is under ownership of the San Carlos Apache Tribe. • Tribal lands are located in the northern quarter of the basin. • The basin contains the San Carlos Apache tribal headquarters in San Carlos and the San Carlos Apache cultural center in Peridot. • Primary land uses are domestic, commercial, farming, grazing and mining. U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) • 29.0% of land is federally owned and managed by the Safford Field Office of the U.S. Bureau of Land Management. • Most of the BLM land occurs in a wide band along the eastern portion of the basin. • The basin contains the entire Dos Cabezas Mountain Wilderness Area in T14S, R27E and R28E. • Portions of the Peloncillo Wilderness Area and Gila Box National Conservation Area in T12S, R32E and T6S, R28E, respectively, are also in the basin. • Primary land uses are grazing and recreation. State Trust Land • 16.3% of land in this basin is held in trust for public schools and 13 other beneficiaries under the State Trust Lands system. • Many of the state owned lands in this basin are fragmented, however, significant contiguous portions exist east of Swift Trail Junction, in a band surrounding the Coronado National Forest east of Safford, and north and south of Interstate 10. • Primary land use is grazing. National Forest and Wilderness • 12.6% of land is federally owned and managed as national forest and wilderness. • The basin includes two forest districts and three ranger districts: the Tonto National Forest, Globe Ranger District in the north; and the Coronado National Forest, Safford Ranger District east of Safford, and the Douglas Ranger District in the south. • Two wilderness areas are located within the basin. The entire Santa Teresa Wilderness is located in the northern portion of the Safford Ranger District and a portion of the Chiricahua Wilderness is located in the Douglas Ranger District. • Primary land uses are grazing, recreation and timber production. Section 3.10 DRAFT Safford Basin 409 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Private • 12.0% of land is private. • Small parcels of private land are scattered throughout the basin. • The largest continuous blocks of private land are along Highway 70 in the vicinity of Safford, along Interstate 10 and around Highway 80 in the southern portion of the basin. • Primary land uses are farming, domestic, commercial and mining. Other (Game and Fish, County and Bureau of Reclamation) • 0.3% of land is state owned and managed by the Arizona Game and Fish Department. • The basin contains two wildlife areas, the May Memorial Wildlife Area in T17S, R31E and the Cluff Ranch Wildlife Area T7S, R24E. • Primary land uses are wildlife protection and recreation. U.S. Military • 0.2% of the land is federally owned and managed by the U.S. Military. • A U.S. Military Reserve is located near Swift Trail Junction in T8S, R26E. • Primary land use is military activities. Parks, Monuments, Historical and Recreational Sites • 0.1% of the land is federally owned and managed by the National Park Service (NPS). • The basin contains two NPS units, the Fort Bowie National Historic Site in T15S, R28E and a small portion of the Chiricahua National Monument in T16S, R30E. • Primary land use is recreation. 410 Section 3.10 Safford Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.10 Safford Basin DRAFT T 4N r16e TONTO NATIONAL FOREST 60 SAN CARLOS INDIAN RESERVATION T 2N GILA COUNTY 170 Peridot San Carlos 77 T 2S r16e PINAL COUNTY 70 T 4S GRAHAM COUNTY r18e GILA BOX RIPARIAN NATIONAL CONSERVATION AREA GREENLEE COUNTY T 6S Pima Thatcher r20e 191 Safford Swift Trail Junction T 8S r22e r24e CORONADO NATIONAL FOREST T10S 266 191 COCHISE COUNTY T12S 10 r26e T14S NeW MexICO r28e T16S CORONADO NATIONAL FOREST T18S T20S Land Ownership (Percentage in Basin) r30e Indian Reservations (29.5%) U.S. Bureau of Land Management (29.0%) T22S State Trust (16.3%) r32e National Forest & Wilderness (12.6%) Private (12.0%) Other (Game & Fish, County and Bureau of Reclamation Lands) (0.3%) U.S. Military (0.2%) Parks, Monuments, Historical & Recreational Sities (0.1%) 0 6 12 Miles National Conservation Area COUNTY State Boundary Interststate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place figure 3.10-2 Safford Basin Land Ownership Oc ArIZONA DePArTMeNT Of WATer reSOUrCeS Source: ALrIS , 2004 Bureau of Land Management, 1999 411 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.10.3 Climate of the Safford Basin Climate data from NOAA/NWS Coop Network, Evaporation Pan and AZMET stations are complied in Table 3.10-1 and the locations are shown on Figure 3.10-3. The Safford Basin does not contain SNOTEL/Snowcourse stations. A description of the climate data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.3. NOAA/NWS Coop Network • Refer to Table 3.10-1A. • There are nine NOAA/NWS Coop Network climate stations in the basin. • Of the nine stations, data from different periods of record may be used as shown. The variety of periods may be due to discontinued measurements, date of installation or other availability issues. • Stations are dispersed throughout the basin. • Station elevation ranges from 2,640 feet at San Carlos to 5,430 feet at Paradise. • Maximum average temperatures range from 70.4°F at Portal 4 SW to 84.4°F at San Carlos. • Minimum average temperatures range from 37.8°F at Paradise to 46.0°F at Bowie. • Station precipitation varies considerably with an annual average precipitation range of 9.34 inches at San Carlos and 21.56 inches at Portal 4 SW. • All stations report highest annual rainfall in the summer season (July – September). • The driest season for all stations is spring (April – June). • Additional precipitation data shows rainfall as high as 44 inches near Chiricahua Peak, elevation 9,760 feet, and as low as 8 inches in the areas surrounding San Simon and Safford. • Altitude is a factor in precipitation with the highest precipitation in the region falling in the Pinaleño and Chiricahua Mountain ranges. This basin contains the second largest range of average annual rainfall in the planning area with 36 inches separating areas of lowest and highest precipitation. Evaporation Pan • Refer to Table 3.10-1B. • There is one site at the Safford Agricultural Center. • This site, at 2,950 feet, has an annual pan evaporation rate of 98.05 inches. AZMET • Refer to Table 3.10-1C. • There are two AZMET stations in the basin at Safford and Bowie. • Average annual evaporation at the Bowie site, located at 4,416 feet, is 23.59 inches. • Average annual evaporation at the Safford site, located at 2,956 feet, is 76.80 inches. Section 3.10 DRAFT Safford Basin 412 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.10-1 Climate Data for the Safford Basin A. NOAA/NWS Co-op Network: Station Name elevation (in feet) Period of record Used for Averages Max/Month Min/Month Winter Spring Summer fall Annual Bowie 3,770 1971-2000 82.6/Jul 46.0/Dec 2.52 1.17 5.28 3.37 12.34 Paradise 5,430 1906-1937 72.6/Jul 37.8/Dec 3.59 1.58 9.88 3.97 19.04 Portal 5,000 1914-1955 75.1/Jul 41.2/Jan 3.08 1.57 9.08 3.64 17.38 Portal 4 SW 5,390 1971-2000 70.4/Jul 38.2/Jan 3.64 2.14 10.43 5.35 21.56 Safford 2,900 1898-19731 84.2/Jul 45.0/Jan 1.34 0.65 4.75 3.23 9.95 Safford Ag. Ctr. 2,950 1971-2000 83.2/Jul 44.4/Dec 2.13 0.80 4.29 2.57 9.79 San Carlos 2,640 1948-1977 1 84.4/Jul 44.2/Jan 1.98 0.79 3.63 2.95 9.34 San Simon 3,610 1971-2000 80.5/Jul 42.7/Jan 1.94 0.65 4.98 3.09 10.66 San Simon 9 ESE 3,880 1962-19861 81.9/Jul 44.4/Jan 1.96 0.81 5.59 2.50 10.85 Average Temperature range (in f) Average Total Precipitation (in inches) Source: WRCC, 2003. Notes: Average temperature for period of record shown; average precipitation from 1971-2000 1 B. evaporation Pan: Station Name Period of elevation (in record Used feet) for Averages Safford Agricultural Center Avg. Annual evap (in inches) 2,950 1948 - 2002 98.05 Station Name elevation (in feet) Period of record Used for Averages Average Annual reference evaportranspiration, in inches (number of years to calculate averages) Bowie 4,416 1987 - current 23.59 (1) Safford 2,956 1987 - current 76.80 (6) Source: WRCC, 2003. C. AZMeT: Source: Arizona Meteorological Network, 2005 D. SNOTeL/Snowcourse: Station Name Period of elevation (in record Used feet) for Averages Average Snowpack, at Beginning of the Month, as Inches Snow Water Content (Number of measurements to calculate average) Jan. feb. March April May June None Source: Natural Resources Conservation Service, 2005 413 Section 3.10 Safford Basin DRAFT 24 22 20 24 60 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.10 Safford Basin 22 20 T 2N 22 GILA COUNTY 170 18 San Carlos Peridot San Carlos 77 r16e 16 22 22 T 2S 20 24 PINAL COUNTY T 4S r18e GRAHAM COUNTY 22 70 18 20 GREENLEE COUNTY T 6S 10 Pima 22 191 14 Safford Safford Safford Safford Ag. Ctr. 16 Thatcher r20e 20 Safford Agricultural Cntr 18 Swift Trail Junction T 8S 14 r24e 20 38 r22e 14 16 T10S 266 191 16 14 12 T12S COCHISE COUNTY Bowie 10 r26e Average Annual Precipitation (1961-1990) 10 Bowie 16 San Simon 20 22 San Simon 9 eSe T14S 24 inches per year r28e 8-10 T16S 28 18 10-12 26 14-16 28 16-18 36 T18S 14 20-22 40 18-20 Paradise Portal Portal 4 SW 30 24-26 22 22-24 24 26-28 20 T20S 28-30 30-32 r30e 32-34 16 T22S 36-38 18 34-36 r32e 38-40 40-44 Meteorological Stations WRCC 0 PanET AZMET Precipitation Contour COUNTY State Boundary Interstate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place 6 12 Miles 12 figure 3.10-3 Safford Basin Meteorological Stations and Annual Precipitation c O ArIZONA DePArTMeNT Of WATer reSOUrCeS 414 Precipitation Data Source: Oregon State University, 1998 NeW MexICO 12-14 32 DRAFT T 4N r16e Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.10.4 Surface Water Conditions in the Safford Basin Streamflow data, including average seasonal flow, average annual flow and other information is shown in Table 3.10-2. Flood ALERT equipment in the basin as of September 2004 is shown on Table 3.10-3. Reservoir and stockpond data, including maximum storage or maximum surface area of large reservoirs and type of use of the stored water, are shown in Table 3.10-4. The location of streamflow gages, using the USGS number, is shown on Figure 3.10-4. The location of large reservoirs as well as USGS runoff contours are also shown on Figure 3.10-4. A description of stream data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.16. A description of reservoir data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.11. A description of stockpond data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.15. Streamflow Data • Refer to Table 3.10-2. • Data from 18 stations, including 14 discontinued stations, are shown on the table and on Figure 3.10-4. • These stations are located on the Gila River, Cave Creek, East Turkey Creek, San Simon River, San Carlos River, Marijilda Wash, Deadman Creek and Frye Creek. • The average seasonal flow as a percentage of annual flow for many of the stations is highest in the Winter (January-March) and lowest in the Spring (April-June). • Six stations show the highest average seasonal flow in the Summer (July-September) and five stations show the lowest in the Winter (January-March). • Maximum annual flow in this basin was 1,732,915 acre-feet in 1993 on the Gila River at Calva. Minimum annual flow was 56 acre-feet in 1969 on Frye Creek. Flood ALERT Equipment • Refer to Table 3.10-3. • There are eight stations in the basin as of October 2005. • Four stations are precipitation stations, three stations are precipitation/stage stations and one station is a repeater/precipitation station. Reservoirs and Stockponds • Refer to Table 3.10-3 • Surface water is stored or could be stored in 16 large and 57 small reservoirs in this basin. • Of the 16 large reservoirs, 14 have a storage capacity of 500 acre-feet or more. • The largest reservoir, San Carlos Lake, has a maximum storage capacity of 1,073,000 acre-feet. San Carlos Lake is created by Coolidge Dam, built in 1929. This is the largest reservoir in the planning area and the only large storage dam on the Gila River. Its uses are for hydroelectric generation, irrigation and recreation. • Most of the large reservoirs in this basin are used for flood control. Other uses include irrigation, water supply and recreation. • 25 small reservoirs have a maximum storage capacity of 3,862 acre-feet. The remaining 32 small reservoirs have a total surface area of 328 acres. • There are an estimated 1,429 stockponds in this basin. Section 3.10 DRAFT Safford Basin 415 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Runoff Contour • Refer to Figure 3.10-4. • Average annual runoff increases from 0.2 inches in the vicinity of Safford and Thatcher along the Gila River and in the southeastern part of the basin, to five inches in the Chiricahua Mountains along the southwestern boundary. Runoff also increases slightly north from Safford to one inch near the northern basin boundary. 416 Section 3.10 Safford Basin DRAFT Gila River near Solomon Cave Creek near Paradise Cave Creek near Paradise 9451000 9454500 9455000 Frye Creek near Thatcher Frye Creek at Thatcher Gila River near Bylas Gila River at Calva Gila River near Calva 9460150 9460200 9466300 9466500 9467100 11,550 11,470 11,380 24 4 10,459 5 11 2,192 1,953 1,400 814 8 39 39 7,950 7,896 NA 5,650 NA NA 8,400 5,830 7,520 NA 4,720 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 6,360 Contributing Mean Basin Drainage Area elevation (in feet) (in sq. miles) 61 33 4/1914-current 48 10/1964-9/1970 (discontinued) 53 2 26 45 36 35 1 1 1 22 17 17 40 41 Winter 5 5 15 13 3 44 14 40 40 2 2 6 13 35 11 18 18 Spring Section 3.10 DRAFT Safford Basin 1 8 23 23 40 18 22 fall 710 (1956) 18,461 (1956) 1,028 (1922) 586 (1922) 80 (1922) 335 (1937) 48,953 (1956) Minimum 13,104 2,621 1,071 13 43 14 14 81 14 24 9 10 90 21 19 23 20 14 16 17 15 16 7 1,275 (1980) 586 (1977) 232 (1989) 69,719 (1946) 59 (2002) 56 (1969) 54,733 (1969) 7,386 (1956) 28,163 (1970) 4,070 (2002) 767 4,720 162,170 273,008 Median 28,677 86,877 165,833 284,161 159 927 133,574 800 1,951 5,648 27,953 (1954) 6,610 (1973) 2,730 (1991) 13,828 (1957) 58,780 (1941) 9,122 (1923) 1,361 (1923) 1,433 (1921) 14,842 (1921) 1,559,116 (1993) Maximum 43,480 98,244 271,929 288,433 286 1,031 296,181 (1993) 179,691 (1967) 1,890 (1991) 1,231 (1967) 53,068 (1968) 1,732,915 (1993) 206,504 847,778 (1941) 1,124 2,687 8,411 9,214 3,943 835 898 4,842 198,406 337,069 Mean Annual flow/year (in acre-feet) No ststistics run, less than 3 years of data 96 86 42 26 32 23 20 Summer Average Seasonal flow (% of annual flow) 10/1929-current 2/1963-2/1973 (discontinued) 10/1965-9/1970 (discontinued) 10/1989-current 6/1931-9/1982 (discontinued) 5/1971-9/1978 (discontinued) 11/1966-9/1993 (discontinued) 6/1940-9/1965 (discontinued) 7/1957-6/1959 (discontinued) 11/1955-6/1959 (discontinued) 4/1914-9/1951 (discontinued) 8/1919-9/1925 (discontinued) 10/1919-9/1925 (discontinued) 8/1919-9/1925 (discontinued) 8/1919-6/1941 (discontinued) 10/1920-current Period of record Notes: Statistics based on Calendar Year Annual Flow statistics based on monthly values Summation of Average Annual Flows may not equal 100 due to rounding. Period of record may not equal Year of Record used for annual Flow/Year statistics due to only using years with a 12 month record NA=Not available to ADWR 9468500 San Carlos River near 1,026 4,480 Peridot Sources: USGS NWIS; Pope et al, USGS 1998; and Fisk et al., USGS 2003. Gila River at Safford San Simon River near Solomon Marijilda Wash near Safford Deadman Creek near Safford San Simon River near Tanque 9458500 9458200 9458050 9457000 9456800 9456200 9456000 9455500 Gila River at head of Safford Valley near Solomon 9448500 East Turkey Creek at Paradise San Simon River near San Simon San Simon River below Fandrop Detention Dam near Bowie USGS Station Name Station Number Table 3.10-2 Streamflow Data for the Safford Basin 73 3 73 4 10 8 14 14 6 46 2 3 13 5 5 5 34 77 417 years of Annual flow record Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 418 Precipitation/Stage Precipitation/Stage Pinaleno Park Marijilda Canyon Noon Creek Upstream Coolidge Dam, Gila River 632 640 647 900 Notes: ADWR = Arizona Department of Water Resources FCD = Flood Control District NA = Not available Precipitation/Stage Precipitation Precipitation Emerald Park 631 Precipitation Precipitation Repeater/Precipitation Station Type Jacobson Canyon Heliograph Peak Repeater Portal Fire/Rescue Station Station Name 630 620 591 Station ID NA 7/30/2004 7/25/2004 7/29/2004 7/29/2004 10/1/2001 10/1/2001 10/1/2001 Install Date Table 3.10-3 flood ALerT equipment in the Safford Basin Section 3.10 Gila County FCD ADWR ADWR ADWR ADWR ADWR ADWR ADWR responsibility Safford Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.10-4 reservoirs and Stockponds in the Safford Basin A. Large reservoirs (500 acre-feet capacity and greater) MAP Key reSerVOIr/LAKe NAMe (Name of dam, if different) OWNer/OPerATOr MAxIMUM STOrAGe (Af) USe1 JUrISDICTION 1 San Carlos (Coolidge Dam) Bureau of Reclamation 1,073,000 H,I,R Federal 2 Stockton Wash Retarding Graham County 12,400 C State 3 Foote Wash Graham County 5,500 C State 4 Frye Creek Retarding #3 Town of Thatcher 3,150 C State 5 Graveyard Wash City of Safford 2,360 C State 6 Billingsley Graham Canal Co. 2,175 C State 7 Cheslkey-Wamslee Graham Canal Co. 2,160 C State Landowner 8 San Jose Private 1,734 C 9 Central Detention Union Canal Co. 1,190 C State 10 Slick Rock Private 1,000 U Landowner 11 Freeman Wash Graham County 9602 C State 12 13 Tufa Stone No Name Wash San Carlos Apache Tribe Graham County 8502 646 I C Tribal State 14 Dry San Carlos Apache Tribe 600 R,S Tribal B. Other Large reservoirs (50 acre surface area or greater)3 MAP Key reSerVOIr/LAKe NAMe (Name of dam, if different) OWNer/OPerATOr MAxIMUM SUrfACe AreA (acres) USe1 JUrISDICTION 15 Parks Private 426 U Landowner 16 Dry4 Private 75 P Landowner C. Small reservoirs (greater than 15 acre-feet and less than 500 acre-feet capacity) Total number: 25 Total maximum storage: 3,862 acre-feet D. Other Small reservoirs (between 5 and 50 acres surface area)3 Total number: 32 Total surface area: 328 acres e. Stockponds (up to 15 acre-feet capacity) Total number: 1429 (from water right filings) Notes: C=flood control; H=hydroelectric; I=irrigation; P=fire protection, stock or farm pond R=recreation; S=water supply; U=unknown 2 Normal capacity < 500acre-feet 3 Capacity data not available to ADWR 4 Dry Lake 1 Section 3.10 DRAFT Safford Basin 419 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.10 Safford Basin DRAFT T 4N R16E 60 T 2N 1 GILA COUNTY S an GILA COUNTY Carlos R ive r 12 170 5 0. Peridot San Carlos 9468500 77 T 2S 1 9466300 ila 9467100 9466500 R PINAL 900 COUNTY T 4S G R16E iv GRAHAM COUNTY R18E er 70 6 GREENLEE COUNTY 7 Cre e Pima 9448500, 9451000 k T 6S Ash 9 Thatcher 9458500 14 191 4 11 5 2 3 9457000 Safford 8 13 R20E 9460200 T 8S R22E 9460150 10 9458200 Swift Trail 631 9458050 Junction 640 R24E 591 630 632 647 9456800 T10S 15 266 0.2 9456200 191 COCHISE COUNTY T12S 10 9456000 R26E T14S 0.5 9455500 C 1 T16S av e re eC 620 9454500 9455000 T18S 0.2 2 5 2 1 T20S 0.5 R30E 16 T22S USGS Annual Runoff Contour for 1951-1980 (in inches) Stream Channel (width of line reflects stream order) Reservoir > 500 AF Capacity R32E 2 1 0 Stream Gages 6 12 Miles USGS Flood COUNTY State Boundary Interstate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place Figure 3.10-4 Safford Basin Surface Water Conditions k NEW MEXICO R28E Stream Data Source: ALRIS, 2005 420 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.10.5 Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major Springs in the Safford Basin Major and minor springs with discharge rates and date of measurement, and the total number of springs in the basin are shown in Table 3.10-5. The locations of major springs as well as perennial and intermittent streams are shown on Figure 3.10-5. A description of data sources and methods for intermittent and perennial reaches is found in Volume 1, 1.3.16. A description of spring data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.14. • • • • • • • • • There are numerous perennial stream reaches located primarily along the western boundary of the basin. Including the San Carlos River and the Blue River in the northern part of the basin. Numerous intermittent streams are also located primarily along the western boundary of the basin. The Gila River is predominantly an intermittent stream through the basin, with perennial reaches near the Greenlee and Graham County boundary and in the vicinity of Highway 70 in T4S, R22E. There are 24 major springs with a measured discharge of 10 gallons per minute (gpm) or greater at any time. Listed discharge rates may not be indicative of current conditions. Most of the measurements were taken prior to 1990 and many measurements date from the 1940’s and 1950’s. Three major and two minor spring measurements post-date 1990. The majority of the major springs are clustered in the vicinity of Pima. The greatest discharge rate was measured at a spring in the northeastern portion of the basin northeast of San Carlos (Warm Spring, 3,398 gpm). This is the largest discharge in the planning area. Three-quarters of the major springs have discharges of less than 50 gpm. Springs with measured discharge of 1 to 10 gpm are not mapped but coordinates are given in Table 3.10-5. There are 30 minor springs identified in this basin. The total number of springs identified by the USGS varies from 379 to 387, depending on the database reference. Section 3.10 DRAFT Safford Basin 421 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.10-5 Springs in the Safford Basin A. Major Springs (10 gpm or greater): 422 Location Latitude Discharge 1 Longitude (in gpm) Warm 332623 1101244 3,398 On or before 1982 2 Cold #1 330024 1095409 449 5/10/1940 3 Cold #2 330024 1095409 449 5/10/1940 4 Indian Hot 325954 1095351 150 5/10/1940 5 Unnamed Map Key Name 1 Date Discharge Measured 330007 1095359 75 5/10/1940 6 Unnamed 2 325432 1094910 50 9/1/1941 7 Unnamed2 330116 1095534 44 09/1941 8 Unnamed2 325631 1095350 40 NA 9 Unnamed2 315916 1091543 35 8/1/1946 10 Cassadore 333043 1102400 35 3/13/1951 11 Cold #3 330023 1095409 30 5/10/1940 12 Unnamed2 325625 1094833 30 9/15/1960 13 Unnamed 2 325205 1094525 30 NA 14 Ash Creek 324910 1095024 20 On or before 1982 15 Unnamed 2 324747 1094709 20 3/10/1940 16 Spring Canyon2,3 325046 1093120 154 07/2000 17 Simon Springs 325515 1095332 13 04/2002 18 Upper Fishook 331341 1095817 11 04/2002 19 Unnamed2 325654 1095353 10 09/1941 20 Unnamed 2 325526 1095107 10 9/12/1941 21 Unnamed2 325110 1095739 10 1/8/1941 22 Unnamed 2 324625 1094510 10 7/31/1940 23 Unnamed2 323535 1092031 10 7/31/1940 24 Unnamed 330420 1095914 10 On or before 1982 Section 3.10 Safford Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.10-5 Springs in the Safford Basin (Con't.) B. Minor Springs (1 to 10 gpm): Location Latitude Discharge 1 Longitude (in gpm) Unnamed2,3 331349 1100225 6 05/1980 Unnamed2 325546 1095107 5 9/12/1941 Tom Niece 330410 1095840 5 On or before 1982 Big 325619 1094818 5 07/1981 Lower Sam Canyon2,3 331523 1100233 3 05/1981 Apache 320843 1092624 3 11/20/2002 Indian Hot 325954 1095352 3 4/20/1942 Bigler2 330017 1095312 2 04/1995 Unnamed2 330226 1095659 2 9/12/1941 Eden 325832 1095237 2 NA Unnamed2 325226 1094828 2 11/15/1940 Unnamed2 325222 1094828 2 11/15/1940 George Hill2,3 325525 1092550 2 12/1981 Delia2,3 325258 1092902 2 09/1982 Bill2,3 325607 1092654 2 08/1984 Ward 2 322138 1090633 2 04/1990 Spring Branch-Ranch Creek2,3 331539 1104123 2 5/8/1951 Cold at Warm Springs 2,3 332625 1101241 2 3/2/1951 Unnamed2 325945 1095352 2 4/20/1942 #132,3 320839 1092328 2 04/1989 Fisher2,3 325601 1101343 1 09/1981 Unnamed 330009 1095401 1 05/1940 Name Section 3.10 DRAFT Safford Basin Date Discharge Measured 423 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.10-5 Springs in the Safford Basin (Con't) B.Minor Springs (con't.): Location Latitude Discharge 1 Longitude (in gpm) Turkey 321238 1093418 1 05/1984 Unnamed2 325425 1095109 1 11/1940 Unnamed2 324711 1094605 1 7/20/1941 Upper Bear 321510 1093250 1 11/1989 Elefante 321437 1093019 1 07/1985 Indian 321337 1092954 1 07/1985 Alamo 321312 1093034 1 07/1985 Cowboy Swimming Hole 321631 1093242 1 04/1990 Name Date Discharge Measured C. Total number of springs, regardless of discharge, identified by USGS (see ALrIS, 2005 and NHD, 2006): 379 to 387 Notes: NA = Not Available 1 Most recent measurement identified by ADWR 2 Spring not displayed on current USGS topo map 3 Location approximated by ADWR 4 Most recent measurement < 10 gpm 424 Section 3.10 Safford Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.10 Safford Basin DRAFT T 4N R16E 60 iv T 2N lu e ive B GILA COUNTY San Carlos r 1 rlos R S an Ca 170 er R 10 Peridot 77 18 T 2S Gila Riv er R16E PINAL COUNTY 24 T 4S 70 R18E 7 3 GRAHAM COUNTY 2 11 8 19 17 T 6S 5 4 20 12 GREENLEE COUNTY 6 Pima 13 Thatcher 14 15 21 C eek r R20E Safford 191 22 sh Swift Trail Junction A T 8S 16 R22E R24E T10S 23 266 191 T12S 10 R26E COCHISE COUNTY T14S R28E NEW MEXICO T16S re ek 9 av C e C T18S 80 T20S R30E T22S R32E 0 6 12 Miles Springs Intermittent Streams Perennial Streams Oc ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES 425 Stream Data Source: AGFD, 1993 & 1997 Brown and Carmony,1981 Figure 3.10-5 Safford Basin Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major (>10 gpm) Springs COUNTY State Boundary Interstate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place 1 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.10.6 Groundwater Conditions of the Safford Basin Major aquifers, well yields, estimated natural recharge, estimated water in storage, number of index wells and date of last water-level sweep are shown in Table 3.10-6. Figure 3.10-6 shows aquifer flow direction and water-level change between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004. Figure 3.10-7 contains hydrographs for selected wells shown on Figure 3.10-6. Figure 3.10-8 shows well yields in five yield categories. A description of aquifer data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.2. A description of well data sources and methods, including water-level changes and well yields is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.19. Major Aquifers • Refer to Table 3.10-6 and Figure 3.10-6. • The basin is composed of three sub-basins • The southernmost sub-basin, the San Simon Valley sub-basin, consists of recent stream alluvium and contains artesian conditions in the lower aquifer. • The middle sub-basin, the Gila Valley sub-basin, contains older and younger basin fill. The principal aquifer is the younger basin fill. • The northern sub-basin, the San Carlos Valley sub-basin, consists of younger stream alluvium and basin fill. The principal water-bearing unit is the younger stream alluvium. • Flow direction is generally from south to north, however, the flow is from north to south in the vicinity of San Carlos. Flow directions have been altered due to pumping south of Interstate 10. Well Yields • Refer to Table 3.10-6 and Figure 3.10-8. • As shown on Figure 3.10-8, well yields in this basin range from less than 100 gallons per minute (gpm) to more than 2,000 gpm. • One source of well yield information, based on 1,494 reported wells, indicates that the median well yield in this basin is 600 gpm. • Well yield is varied throughout the basin. Natural Recharge • Refer to Table 3.10-6. • The only estimate for natural recharge in this basin is 105,000 acre-feet per year from a 1986 Freethey and Anderson study. Water in Storage • Refer to Table 3.10-6. • There are three storage estimates for this basin ranging from more than 27 million acre-feet to 69 million acre-feet. The most recent estimate, from a 1990 ADWR study, is 66 million acre-feet to a depth of 1,200 feet. • The predevelopment storage estimate is 69 million acre-feet. Section 3.10 DRAFT Safford Basin 426 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Water Level • Refer to Figure 3.10-6. Water levels are shown for wells measured in 2003-2004. • The Department annually measures 50 index wells in this basin. • In 1997, the year of the last water level sweep, 559 wells were measured. A previous well sweep, in 1987, measured 1,093 wells. • Deep water levels are found in the vicinity of Interstate 10 with water levels as deep as 517 feet. Shallow water levels are found in the Safford, Pima and Thatcher area with water levels as shallow as 21 feet. • Change in water level ranges from decreases greater than 30 feet to increases as much as 30 feet between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004. • Most of the measured wells in the vicinity of Pima, Thatcher and Safford show water level declines between one and 15 feet. • Hydrographs corresponding to selected wells shown on Figure 3.10-6, but covering a longer time period, are shown in Figure 3.10-7. 427 Section 3.10 Safford Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.10-6 Groundwater Data for the Safford Basin Basin Area, in square miles: 4,747 Name and/or Geologic Units Recent Stream Alluvium Major Aquifer(s): Basin Fill Well yields, in gal/min: estimated Natural recharge, in acre-feet/year: estimated Water Currently in Storage, in acre-feet: Range 70 - 1,683 Median 771.5 (52 wells measured) Range 1 - 7,000 Median 600 (1,494 wells reported) Measured by ADWR and/or USGS Reported on registration forms for large (> 10-inch) diameter wells Range 50 - 2,500 ADWR (1990 and 1994) Range 0 - 2,500 Anning and Duet, USGS (1994) 105,000 Freethey and Anderson (1986) 66,000,000 (to 1,200 ft) ADWR (1990) 69,000,0001 (to 1,200 ft) Freethey and Anderson (1986) >27,000,000 Arizona Water Commission (1975) Current Number of Index Wells: 50 Date of Last Water-level Sweep: 1997 (559 wells measured)2 Notes: Predevelopment Estimate 2 1,093 wells were meaured in a water-level sweep in 1987 1 Section 3.10 DRAFT Safford Basin 428 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.10 Safford Basin DRAFT T 4N R16E 60 T 2N GILA COUNTY 720 A 170 641 San Carlos Peridot 77 T 2S 70 R16E PINAL COUNTY T 4S R18E 21 B 43 32 C 56 164 GREENLEE COUNTY D 266 T 6S GRAHAM COUNTY Pima 49 9 Safford E 80 R20E Thatcher 53 28 59 191 47 Swift Trail Junction T 8S 74 F R22E 38 R24E T10S 144 G 266 629 191 23 T12S 270 131 H 10 48 105 I 517 64 J 159 41 117 49 164 205 73 T14S K 199 NEW MEXICO R26E 222 223 R28E T16S COCHISE COUNTY L T18S 98 M 122 197 80 T20S R30E Water-level change in feet between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004 H 375 T22S number is depth to water in feet letter is hydrograph Greater than -30 Between -30 and -15 Between -15 and -1 Between -1 and +1 Between +1 and +15 Between +15 and +30 Change Data Not Available Generalized Flow Direction R32E 0 6 12 Miles Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments COUNTY State Boundary Interstate Highway Major Road 429 City, Town or Place Figure 3.10-6 Safford Basin Groundwater Conditions c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Figure 3.10-7 SAFFORD BASIN Safford Basin HYDROGRAPHS SHOWING DEPTH Hydrographs Showing Depth to Water in Selected Wells TO WATER IN SELECTED WELLS 550 A WELL DEPTH: 1142 ft USE: PUBLIC SUPPLY Gila Conglomerate D-01-16 09CBC UNSURV 1975 Depth To Water In Feet Below Land Surface 600 650 0 1975 B 1985 1995 2005 basin fill D-05-23 02DBC WELL DEPTH: UNKNOWN USE: UNUSED 50 1985 100 C 1995 2005 recent stream alluvium D-05-24 25BBC WELL DEPTH: 229 ft USE: UNUSED 150 200 1975 1985 YEAR 1995 2005 In Hydrograph A UNSURV indicates there is no land survey for the area the well is in, and the coordinates are projected based on latitude and longitude. Section 3.10 DRAFT Safford Basin 430 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 SAFFORD BASIN Figure 3.10-7 (Con’t.) DEPTH HYDROGRAPHS SHOWING Basin TO WATERSafford IN SELECTED WELLS Hydrographs Showing Depth to Water in Selected Wells 225 D WELL DEPTH: 1162 ft USE: UNUSED basin fill D-06-26 08CCD 275 Depth To Water In Feet Below Land Surface 1975 0 E 1985 1995 WELL DEPTH: 700 ft USE: IRRIGATION 2005 basin fill D-07-27 02ADD 50 100 1975 0 F 1985 1995 WELL DEPTH: 400 ft USE: UNUSED 2005 basin fill D-08-26 33CDC1 50 100 1975 1985 1995 2005 YEAR 431 Section 3.10 Safford Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 SAFFORD BASIN Figure 3.10-7 (Con’t.) HYDROGRAPHS DEPTH SaffordSHOWING Basin TO WATER SELECTED WELLS Hydrographs Showing IN Depth to Water in Selected Wells G 600 basin fill D-10-26 25CBA WELL DEPTH: 850 ft USE: STOCK 650 Depth To Water In Feet Below Land Surface 1975 H 200 1985 1995 2005 basin fill D-12-28 25DCC WELL DEPTH: 1700 ft USE: UNUSED 250 300 1975 1985 I WELL DEPTH: 660 ft USE: UNUSED 175 1975 1985 J WELL DEPTH: 185 ft USE: UNUSED 1975 1985 125 25 1995 2005 basin fill D-13-29 28BBB 1995 2005 basin fill D-13-31 29DDA 75 Section 3.10 DRAFT Safford Basin YEAR 1995 2005 432 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 SAFFORD BASIN Figure 3.10-7 (Con’t.) HYDROGRAPHS SHOWING DEPTH Safford Basin TO WATER IN SELECTED WELLS Hydrographs Showing Depth to Water in Selected Wells to Water in FeetBELOW Below Land Surface DEPTH TODepth WATER IN FEET, LAND SURFACE 125 K DEPTH: 800 ft USE: IRRIGATION basin fill D-14-31 35BCC 175 225 1975 175 L 225 1975 50 50 M 1985 1995 DEPTH: 340 ft. USE: UNUSED 2005 basin fill D-16-32 21CCB 1985 1995 DEPTH: 1000 ft. USE: IRRIGATION 2005 basin fill D-18-32 26BBC 100 150 1975 1995 1985 2005 YEAR 433 Section 3.10 Safford Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.10 Safford Basin DRAFT T 4N R16E 60 T 2N GILA COUNTY 170 San Carlos Peridot 77 T 2S R16E PINAL COUNTY 70 T 4S R18E Pima GREENLEE COUNTY Thatcher T 6S GRAHAM COUNTY R20E 191 Safford T 8S Swift Trail Junction R22E R24E T10S 266 191 T12S 10 R26E COCHISE COUNTY T14S R28E NEW MEXICO T16S T18S T20S 80 R30E T22S R32E Well Yields Greater than 2000 gals/min Between 1000 and 2000 gals/min Between 500 and 1000 gals/min Between 100 and 500 gals/min Less than 100 gals/min 0 6 Miles Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments 434 COUNTY State Boundary Interstate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place Figure 3.10-8 Safford Basin Well Yields Oc ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.10.7 Water Quality of the Safford Basin Drinking water standard exceedences in wells, springs and mine sites including location and parameter(s) exceeded are shown in Table 3.10-7A. Impaired lakes and streams with site type, name, length of impaired stream reach, area of impaired lake, designated use standard and parameter(s) exceeded is shown in Table 3.10-7B. Figure 3.10-9 shows the location of exceedences and impairment keyed to Table 3.10-7. A description of water quality data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.18. Not all parameters were measured at all sites; selective sampling for particular constituents is common. Wells, Springs and Mines • Refer to Table 3.10-7A. • Drinking water standard exceedences in wells and springs have been reported for 173 sites in the basin. • The most frequently exceeded parameters in the sites measured in this basin were fluoride and arsenic. These two parameters are exceeded consistently throughout the basin. • Other parameters commonly exceeded included total dissolved solids, nitrates and lead. Lakes and Streams • Refer to Table 3.10-7B. • Water quality standards were exceeded in one reach of Cave Creek and one reach of the Gila River. • The parameter exceeded at Cave Creek was selenium. • The parameters exceeded at the Gila River included E. coli and turbidity. • There are no Total Daily Maximum Load (TMDL) reports for this basin. • This basin contains two effluent dependent reaches, Bennett Wash in the vicinity of Safford and an unnamed wash in the vicinity of Highway 60. Bennett Wash receives effluent from the Arizona Department of Corrections Safford WWTF and the unnamed wash near Highway 60 receives effluent from the Arizona Department of Corrections Globe WWTF. Section 3.10 DRAFT Safford Basin 435 436 Site Type Well Well Well Well Well Spring Well Well Spring Well Spring Spring Spring Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Spring Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Map Key 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 Township 1 North 1 South 3 South 3 South 3 South 4 South 4 South 4 South 4 South 5 South 5 South 5 South 5 South 5 South 5 South 5 South 6 South 6 South 6 South 6 South 6 South 6 South 6 South 6 South 6 South 6 South 6 South 6 South 6 South 6 South 6 South 6 South 6 South 6 South 6 South 6 South 6 South 6 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South A. Wells, Springs and Mines range 18 East 18 East 19 East 22 East 22 East 23 East 23 East 23 East 23 East 21 East 24 East 24 East 24 East 24 East 24 East 24 East 23 East 23 East 24 East 24 East 25 East 25 East 25 East 25 East 25 East 25 East 25 East 25 East 25 East 25 East 25 East 25 East 25 East 25 East 25 East 26 East 27 East 27 East 23 East 23 East 23 East 23 East 23 East Site Location Section 17 12 11 18 30 7 18 20 36 36 17 17 17 29 29 31 3 3 5 12 5 16 17 19 23 26 26 26 28 30 30 33 34 35 36 35 34 34 1 1 1 1 1 As As As TDS TDS TDS As NO3 As, F F F As, Cd, F, TDS F NO3 NO3 As, Pb, TDS As, F As, F Pb NO3, TDS F F As, F, TDS As, F As, F, TDS As, F F As, F NO3 As As NO3 NO3 NO3 As, F, TDS F As As As F, Pb F F F Parameter(s) exceeding Drinking Water Standard2 Table 3.10-7 Water Quality exceedences in the Safford Basin1 Section 3.10 Safford Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.10 DRAFT Safford Basin Site Type Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Map Key 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 Township 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 7 South 8 South A. Wells, Springs and Mines (con't.) range 23 East 23 East 23 East 23 East 23 East 23 East 23 East 24 East 24 East 24 East 24 East 24 East 24 East 25 East 25 East 25 East 25 East 25 East 25 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 27 East 27 East 27 East 27 East 27 East 27 East 27 East 27 East 27 East 27 East 27 East 27 East 27 East 27 East 27 East 26 East Site Location Section 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 8 8 8 8 14 14 2 2 2 7 11 27 4 15 21 23 24 24 24 24 28 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 8 11 16 16 16 18 20 20 6 F F F F F F As As, F As As As As As As NO3 NO3 As, Cd, F, Pb, TDS NO3 As, F, TDS As, F, TDS As, F, TDS As As As As As As TDS As, F As, F As, F F F As As, F As As, F F F As As As As, F As, F Parameter(s) exceeding Drinking Water Standard2 Table 3.10-7 Water Quality exceedences in the Safford Basin1 437 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 438 Site Type Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Map Key 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 8 South 8 South 8 South 8 South 8 South 8 South 8 South 8 South 8 South 8 South 8 South 8 South 8 South 8 South 8 South 8 South 8 South 8 South 8 South 8 South 8 South 9 South 9 South 9 South 9 South 9 South 10 South 10 South 10 South 11 South 11 South 11 South 11 South 11 South 11 South 11 South 11 South 11 South 11 South 11 South 11 South 12 South 12 South 12 South Township A. Wells, Springs and Mines (con't.) 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 27 East 28 East 28 East 29 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 28 East 30 East 27 East 28 East 28 East 26 East 28 East 28 East 29 East 29 East 29 East 29 East 29 East 29 East 29 East 30 East 30 East 28 East 28 East 29 East range Site Location 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 15 17 17 18 18 18 18 20 28 32 23 22 29 22 5 6 6 31 33 28 7 36 23 28 31 1 1 1 10 14 36 36 1 31 14 34 1 Section As, F, TDS Pb As F F F F F F F F F F F F As, F F As, F F As, F Pb F As As, F As, F As F Se As, F F As, NO3 NO3 F As, F F F As, F F F F As, F NO3 NO3 F Parameter(s) exceeding Drinking Water Standard2 Table 3.10-7 Water Quality exceedences in the Safford Basin1 Section 3.10 Safford Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.10 DRAFT Safford Basin Site Type Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Map Key 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 Township 12 South 12 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 14 South 14 South 14 South 14 South 14 South 14 South 14 South 14 South 14 South 14 South 14 South 14 South 14 South 14 South 14 South 15 South 15 South 18 South NA A. Wells, Springs and Mines (con't.) range 29 East 30 East 26 East 29 East 29 East 29 East 29 East 29 East 30 East 30 East 30 East 30 East 30 East 30 East 31 East 31 East 31 East 31 East 31 East 31 East 31 East 31 East 31 East 31 East 31 East 31 East 31 East 31 East 31 East 31 East 31 East 31 East 31 East 31 East 31 East 31 East 31 East 31 East 32 East 29 East 32 East 32 East NA Site Location Section 16 28 10 18 21 25 25 25 3 15 15 24 25 25 6 6 17 18 20 22 28 30 31 34 3 6 9 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 16 19 23 35 20 4 34 26 NA As, F F Rad F F As NO3 As F F As F F F F F F F F F F F F F NO3,TDS F Pb, NO3 F, NO3, TDS NO3, TDS F F F, NO3 NO3, TDS F, NO3 As, F As, F Pb F NO3 F Pb F As, F Parameter(s) exceeding Drinking Water Standard2 Table 3.10-7 Water Quality exceedences in the Safford Basin1 439 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 440 Stream Stream a b 8 6 Gila River (Bonita Creek to Yuma Wash) NA NA Length of Area of Impaired Impaired Stream Lake (in acres) reach (in miles) Cave Creek (headwaters to South Fork of Cave Creek) Site Name A&W, FBC A&W Designated Use Standard3 Notes: Because of map scale, feature locations may appear different than the location indicated on the table NA = Not applicable 1 Water quality samples collected between 1975 and 2004. 2 As = Arsenic Cd = Cadmium F= Fluoride Pb = Lead NO3 = Nitrate/Nitrite Se = Selenium Rad = One or more of the following radionuclides - Gross Alpha, Gross Beta, Radium, and Uranium TDS = Total Dissolved Solids 3 A&W = Aquatic and Wildlife FBC = Full Body Contact Site Type Map Key B. Lakes and Streams Table 3.10-7 Water Quality exceedences in the Safford Basin1 E-coli, turbidity Se Parameter(s) exceeding Use Standard2 Section 3.10 Safford Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.10 Safford Basin DRAFT T 4N R16E 60 T 2N wash med Unna GILA COUNTY 1 2 170 San Carlos Peridot 77 T 2S 4 R16E 3 PINAL COUNTY 5 See Inset A 6 7 70 T 4S R18E 8 9 GRAHAM COUNTY 11 12 13 10 19 16 14 15 17 18 T 6S Pima R20E Thatcher 50 Be n Safford Swift Trail Junction T 8S GREENLEE COUNTY b tt W as h 106 R22E R24E 191 ne 104 109 110 108 107 111 113 112 115 T10S 266 191 114 120, 121, 122 116 127 123 117 118 119 124 174 126 125 128 131 T12S 134 10 R26E T14S 171 169 R28E 172 COCHISE COUNTY T16S NEW MEXICO See Inset B a T18S 173 T20S R30E T22S R32E Well, Spring or Mine Site with Recorded MCL Exceedence Effluent Dependent Reach Impaired Stream or Lake Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks 1 a 0 6 12 Miles Unconsolidated Sediments COUNTY State Boundary Interstate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place Figure 3.10-9 Safford Basin Water Quality Conditions c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES 441 Section 3.10 DRAFT Safford Basin T8S T6S 47 46 44, 45 43 52 51 41 54 53 48 49 40 39 42 0 R24E 55 56 24 60 30, 31 20 32 59 27 61 91 6 191 93 94 102 103 104 65 64 95 12 Miles 71 63 R26E 92 101 96 98, 99 100 97 87 35 34 57 26 88, 89, 90 62 58 33 28 25 Figure 3.10-9a Safford Basin Inset A 70 22 29 23 21 79 82 84 83 85 86 66 68 69 70 67 36 80 70 81 78 74 37 38 105 76, 77 75 72, 73 442 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 443 T14S T12S Bowie 130 129 R28E 135 0 136 132 10 154 San Simon 6 149 148 146, 147 167 163 158 156 165 155 151 162 12 Miles 168 159, 160, 161 166 157 143 150 145 152 144 153 Figure 3.10-9b Safford Basin Inset B 139 137, 138 142 140 141 133 R30E 164 170 R32E Section 3.10 Safford Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.10.8 Cultural Water Demands in the Safford Basin Cultural water demand data including population, number of wells and the average well pumpage and surface water diversions by the municipal, industrial and agricultural sectors are shown in Table 3.10-8. Effluent generation including facility ownership, location, population served and not served, volume treated, disposal method and treatment level is shown on Table 3.10-9. Figure 3.10-10 shows the location of demand centers. A description of cultural water demand data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.5. More detailed information on cultural water demands is found in Section 3.0.7. Cultural Water Demands • • • • • • • • • • • Refer to Table 3.10-8 and Figure 3.10-10. Population has increased by about 600 people a year on average from 1980 to 2000. Projections suggest an increase in population of over 28,000 through 2050. Total groundwater use decreased from 1971 to 1990 and then increased again from 1991 to 2003. An average of 125,850 acre-feet was pumped per year in the period from 20012003. Surface water diversions increased from 1971 to 1985 and have decreased from 1986 to 2003, with 73,000 acre-feet diverted per year on average in the period from 1991 – 2003. All surface water diversions between 1991 and 2003 were for agriculture. This basin contains the largest surface water diversions, as well as largest surface water diversions for agriculture, in the planning area. Approximately 98% of the total water demand in this basin is for agriculture. Agricultural demand for groundwater versus surface water varies based on the availability of surface water. Large tracks of agricultural lands are located along Highway 70 and the Gila River in the vicinity of Pima, Thatcher and Safford and in Cochise County south of Interstate 10. Current municipal and industrial demand is comparable to historic use with 2,800 acre-feet of municipal water demand per year and 550 acre-feet of industrial water demand per year in the period from 2000-2003. As of 2003 there were 3,045 registered wells with a pumping capacity of less than or equal to 35 gallons per minute and 1,690 wells with a pumping capacity of more than 35 gallons per minute. Effluent Generation • • • • • Refer to Table 3.10-9. There are 13 wastewater treatment facilities in the basin. Almost 29,000 people are served by these facilities. More than 2,000 acre-feet of effluent per year are generated in this basin. Three facilities discharge wastewater for irrigation. Section 3.10 DRAFT Safford Basin 444 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 • • 445 Discharge from one facility, the Peridot Heights Wastewater Treatment Facility, recharges the aquifer through an unlined impoundment. This facility is not permitted by the Department as an Underground Storage Facility. One facility, the Safford Wastewater Treatment Facility, discharges water for golf course irrigation. Section 3.10 Safford Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.10-8 Cultural Water Demands in the Safford Basin 1 year recent (Census) and Projected (DeS) Population 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 27,638 1981 27,969 1982 28,300 1983 28,631 1984 28,962 1985 29,293 1986 29,624 1987 29,955 1988 30,286 1989 30,617 1990 30,948 1991 31,824 1992 32,699 1993 33,575 1994 34,451 1995 35,327 1996 36,203 1997 37,079 1998 37,954 1999 38,830 2000 39,706 2001 40,572 2002 41,437 2003 42,303 2010 48,362 2020 55,055 2030 60,979 2040 66,034 2050 70,683 ADDITIONAL WELLS: 3 WELL TOTALS: Average Annual Demand (in acre-feet) Number of registered Water Supply Wells Drilled Well Pumpage Q < 35 gpm 1,9452 Surface-Water Diversions Q > 35 gpm Municipal Industrial Irrigation Municipal Industrial Irrigation 180,000 84,000 184,000 86,000 Data Source 1,5622 241 47 113,000 125,000 201 37 71,500 117,000 191 25 3,100 650 86,000 NR NR ADWR (1994) Gila Water Commis sioner (2006) 117,000 249 16 2,800 500 91,500 NR NR 99,500 88 2 2,800 550 122,500 NR NR 73,000 130 3,045 1 1,690 USGS (2005) Gila Water Commis sioner (2006) Notes: NR=Not reported 1 Does not include evaporation losses from stockponds and reservoirs. 2 Includes all wells through June 1980. 3 Other water-supply wells are listed in the ADWR Well Registry for this basin, but they do not have completion dates. These wells are summed here. Note: Groundwater withdrawn in the Bonita Creek Basin is delivered to the Safford Basin for municipal use. These withdrawals are not included in the table Section 3.10 DRAFT Safford Basin 446 447 San Carlos Apache Tribe Private San Carlos Apache Tribe Bylas Daley Estates Gilson Wash Notes: NA: Data not currently available to ADWR WWTF: Wastewater Treatment Facility Adv. Tr. l: Advance treatment level l Total San Carlos Apache Tribe Upper Seven Mile San Carlos Apache Tribe Soda Canyon Soda Canyon Town of Thatcher San Carlos Apache Tribe Skill Center Thatcher WWTF San Carlos Apache Tribe San Carlos Regional Sewer San Carlos Thatcher NA San Carlos Ft. Grant Arizona Department of Corrections Safford WWTF #1 Pima Safford Town of Pima Gila Resources Pima WWTF San Carlos Apache Tribe Peridot Heights San Carlos Thatcher Safford WWTF Peridot Heights Prison Arizona Department of Corrections AZ St. Industrial School Bylas City/Location Served Ownership facility Name 28,884 254 4,429 106 111 5,500 286 10,500 1,918 625 3,002 1,480 673 Population Served 2,371 11 411 10 10 560 34 846 119 22 258 79 90 Volume Treated/Generated (acre-feet/year) Bennett Wash Watercourse X X evaporation Pond X X X NA NA NA NA 400 NA NA NA NA NA NA 700 NA NA Section 3.10 Secondary Adv. Trt. I Secondary Secondary Secondary Secondary Secondary Secondary NA X Secondary Secondary Safford Basin DRAFT 2000 2000 1996 1996 2000 2001 2000 2000 2000 2001 2001 2001 Current Population Not year of Treatment record Served Level Secondary Wildlife Area Discharge Groundwater to Another recharge facility NA Mt. Graham NA NA Golf Irrigation Course/Turf Irrigation Disposal Method Table 3.10-9 effluent Generation in the Safford Basin Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.10 Safford Basin DRAFT T 4N R16E 60 T 2N SAN CARLOS-APACHE INDIAN RESERVATION GILA COUNTY 170 Peridot San Carlos 77 T 2S R16E PINAL COUNTY T 4S 70 GRAHAM COUNTY R18E GREENLEE COUNTY T 6S Pima Thatcher R20E 191 Safford Swift Trail Junction T 8S R22E R24E T10S 266 191 COCHISE COUNTY T12S 10 R26E T14S NEW MEXICO R28E T16S T18S T20S R30E T22S R32E Demand Centers Agriculture M&I - High Intensity M&I - Low Intensity Large Mine 0 6 12 Miles Small Mine/Quarry Indian Reservation COUNTY State Boundary Interstate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place Figure 3.10-10 Safford Basin Cultural Water Demands 448 Primary Data Source: USGS National Gap Analysis Program, 2004 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.10.9 Water Adequacy Determinations in the Safford Basin Water adequacy determination information including the subdivision name, location, number of lots, adequacy determination, reason for the inadequacy determination, date of determination and subdivision water provider are shown in Table 3.10-10. Figure 3.10-11 shows the locations of subdivisions keyed to the Table. A description of the Water Adequacy Program is found in Volume 1, Appendix A. Adequacy determination data sources and methods are found in Volume 1, Sections 1.3.1. • • • • • A total of 20 water adequacy determinations have been made in this basin through May, 2005. 14 determinations of inadequacy have been made, most of these determinations are in the vicinity of Swift Trail Junction, others are found in the northernmost portion of the basin and in the southern portion of the basin. The primary reasons for a determination of inadequacy were because the applicant chose not to submit necessary information and/or available hydrologic data was insufficient to make a determination, and poor water quality. Other inadequacy determinations were for insufficient supply and for unknown reasons because the records were not available. The number of lots receiving a water adequacy determination, by county, are: County Cochise Gila Graham Greenlee Pinal Section 3.10 DRAFT Safford Basin Number of Subdivision Lots 151 154 426 0 0 Number of Lots Determined to be Adequate 0 38 82 0 0 Percent Adequate 0 25 19 NA NA 449 450 Buena Vista Ranches 2 3 Graham Graham Desert Hills Ranchettes #3 Desert Hills Ranchettes #4 Galeyville Subdivision High Mesa Air Park 9 10 11 Pima South Estates # 2 Siesta Hot Springs Sundown 18 19 20 Graham Graham Graham Graham Graham Graham 25 East 8 South 5 South 6 South 6 South 6 South 6 South 8 South 8 South 8 South 7 South 8 South 23 East 24 East 25 East 25 East 25 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 24 East 26 East 31 East 25 East 7 South 17 South 26 East 26 East 7 South 8 South 15.5 East 15.5 East 15.5 East 3 6 30 30 30 7 9 2 4 2 7, 18 1 36 31 6 10 10, 14, 15, 22 1,12 29 19 13, 24 13, 14 Section 19 90 24 6 27 4 28 64 24 NA 71 NA 66 49 51 65 NA 25 80 38 No. of Lots 22-300003 22-400078 22-400763 22-400246 22-300236 22-400785 ADWr file No.2 Adequate Inadequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate Adequate Inadequate Adequate ADWr Adequacy Determination A1, C C C A1, C A1 D A2 A1, C A1, C C A1 A1, A2, C A1 A1 reason(s) for Inadequacy Determination3 07/16/79 04/21/95 05/17/94 10/18/79 11/30/76 06/16/76 03/06/74 05/21/99 06/19/85 06/21/88 08/05/02 05/21/85 04/11/83 04/06/76 02/08/00 02/02/95 10/16/90 12/17/96 10/28/02 04/20/81 Date of Determination Dry Lot Subdivision Dry Lot Subdivision Graham County Utilities, Inc. General Utilities City Utilities Company Dry Lot Subdivision Dry Lot Subdivision Dry Lot Subdivision Dry Lot Subdivision Dry Lot Subdivision Dry Lot Subdivision Dry Lot Subdivision Dry Lot Subdivision Dry Lot Subdivision Dry Lot Subdivision Dry Lot Subdivision Dry Lot Subdivision Dry Lot Subdivision Dry Lot Subdivision Apache Peaks Utilities Water Provider at the Time of Application Section 3.10 Each determination of the adequacy of water supplies available to a subdivision is based on the information available to ADWR and the standards of review and policies in effect at the time the determination was made. In some cases, ADWR might make a different determination if a similar application were submitted today, based on the hydrologic data and other information currently available, as well as current rules and policies. 2 Prior to February 1995, ADWR did not assign file numbers to applications for adequacy determination. 3 A. Physical/Continuous 1) Insufficient Data (applicant chose not to submit necessary information, and/or available hydrologic data insufficient to make determination) 2) Insufficient Supply (existing water supply unreliable or physically unavaible;for groundwater, depth-to-water exceeds criteria) 3) Insufficient Infrastructure (distribution system is insufficient to meet demands or applicant proposed water hauling) B. Legal (applicant failed to demonstrate a legal right to use the water or failed to demonstrate the provider's legal authority to serve the subdivision) C. Water Quality D. Unable to locate records NA= Data currently not available to ADWR 1 Notes: Pima South Estates Pima South Estates # 1 Mountain Breeze 15 17 Mountain Air Estates 14 16 Graham 13 Graham Graham Los Alamos Hills # 1 Maloy High Chaparral Estates 12 Graham Cochise Graham Desert Hills Ranchettes 1 North Gila 8 1 North 1 North 26 East 32 East 31 East 8 South 15.5 East 1 North range Location 17 South 17 South Township Gila Gila Graham 7 6 5 Copper Canyon Ranches # 1B Copper Canyon Ranches #2 Copper Canyon Ranches #3 Arizona Sky Village 1 4 Gila Apache Peaks Dev., Plat A Cochise County Subdivision Name Map Key Table 3.10-10 Adequacy Determinations in the Safford Basin1 Safford Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.10 Safford Basin 60 T 2N 5 4 6 1 GILA COUNTY 170 San Carlos Peridot 77 T 2S R16E PINAL COUNTY T 4S 70 R18E 20 19 Pima T 6S GRAHAM COUNTY GREENLEE COUNTY 16 17 18 Thatcher Safford 12 R20E 9 7 15 Swift Trail Junction T 8S 191 8 R22E 11 13 14 3 R24E T10S 266 191 T12S 10 R26E COCHISE COUNTY T14S R28E T16S 10 2 T18S 80 T20S R30E T22S R32E Adequacy Determinations Adequate Inadequate Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks 0 6 12 Miles Unconsolidated Sediments COUNTY State Boundary Interstate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place Figure 3.10-11 Safford Basin Adequacy Determinations c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES NEW MEXICO DRAFT T 4N R16E 451 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Safford Basin References and Supplemental Reading References A Anderson, T.W., and Freethey, G.W., 1995, Simulation of groundwater flow in alluvial basins in south central Arizona and parts of adjacent states: USGS Professional Paper 1406-D. Anning, D.W. and Duet, N.R., 1994, Summary of ground-water conditions in Arizona, 1987-90, USGS Open-file Report 94-476. Arizona Corporation Commission, 2005, Annual reports Private sewer companies, 1990 to 2005: ACC Utilities Division. _____, 2005, Annual reports, Small water providers, 1990 to 2005: ACC Utilities Division. * Arizona Department of Economic Security, 2005, Workforce Informer: Data file, accessed August 2005, http://www.workforce.az.gov. Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, 2005, Active dairy farms & feedlots: Data file, received October 2005. *____, 2005, ADEQSWI: Data file, received September 2005. *____, 2005, ADEQWATP: Data file, received May 2005. *____, 2005, ADEQWWTP: Data file, received August 2005. *____, 2005, Azurite: Data file, received September 2005. *____, 2005, Effluent dependent waters: GIS cover, received December 2005. *____, 2005, Impaired lakes and reaches: GIS cover, received January 2006. *____, 2005, Surface water sources used by water providers: Data file, received June 2005. *____, 2005, WWTP and permit files: Miscellaneous working files, received July 2005. *____, 2004, Water providers with arsenic concentrations in wells over 10ppb: Data file, received August 2004. *____, 2004, Water quality exceedences by watershed: Data file, received June 2004. *____, 2004, Water quality exceedences for drinking water providers in Arizona: Data file, received September 2004. * Arizona Department of Mines and Mineral Resources (ADMMR), 2005, Active mines in Arizona: Database, accessed at http:// www.admmr.state.az.us. * Arizona Department of Water Resources, 2006, Assured and adequate water supply applications: Project files, ADWR Hydrology Division. _____, 2006, Statement of claimants filed by the Indian tribes or the United States on their behalf in the Gila and Little Colorado River adjudications: Data files, ADWR Office of Planning and Adjudications Support. *____, 2005, Agricultural Surface Water Use Estimates: Unpublished analysis, ADWR Office of Resource Assessment Planning. *____, 2005, Automated recorder sites: Data files, ADWR Basic Data Unit. _____, 2005, 2004 rural water provider questionnaire: Data files, ADWR Office of Resource Assessment Planning. All references marked with an asterisk contain information that was directly used in the basin summaries, tables or maps. Section 3.10 DRAFT Safford Basin 452 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 *____, 2005, Assured and adequate water supply determinations: Database, ADWR Office of Assured and Adequate Water Supply. *____, 2005, Flood warning gages: Database, ADWR Office of Water Engineering. *____, 2005, Inspected dams: Database, ADWR Office of Dam Safety. *____, 2005, Instream flow applications: Database, ADWR Office of Water Management. *____, 2005, Non-jurisdictional dams: Database, ADWR Office of Dam Safety. *____, 2005, Groundwater Site Inventory (GWSI): Database, ADWR Hydrology Division. *____, 2005, Registry of surface water rights: ADWR Office of Water Management. *____, 2005, Water use by golf courses in rural Arizona: Unpublished analysis, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 2005, Wells55: Database. _____, 2004, Rural Water Resources 2003 Questionnaire Report: Rural water resources study, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 2002, Groundwater quality exceedences in rural Arizona from 1975 to 2001: Data file, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 1994, Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Vol. I, Inventory and Analysis. *____, 1994, Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Vol. II, Hydrologic Summary. * Arizona Game and Fish Department, 2005, Arizona Waterways: Data file, received April 2005. *____, 1997 & 1993, Statewide riparian inventory and mapping project: GIS cover. _____, 1982, Arizona Lakes Classification Study. * Arizona Land Resource Information System (ALRIS), 2005, Surface Beneficiaries, GIS cover, accessed September 2006 at http://sco.az.gov/website/parcels/viewer.htm *____, 2005, Springs: GIS cover, accessed January 2006 at http://www.land.state.az. us/alris/ index.html. *____, 2005, Streams: GIS cover, accessed 2005 at http://www.land.state. az.us/alris/index.html. *____, 2005, Water features: GIS cover, accessed July 2005 at http://www.land. state.az.us/alris/ index.html. *____, 2004, Land ownership: GIS cover, accessed in 2004 at http://www.land.state.az.us /alris/index.html. *Arizona Meteorological Network (AZMET), 2005, Arizona climate stations: Pan evaporation date, accessed December 2005 at http://www.ag.arizona.edu/ azmet/locate.html. *Arizona Water Commission, 1975, Summary, Phase I, Arizona State Water Plan, Inventory of resource and uses. B *Bureau of Land Management, 2005, Springs in the Safford region: Data file received January 2005. Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, 1982, Geothermal Resources of Arizona: University of Arizona, map. D *Dickens, C. M., 2002, Hydrologic Study, Galeyville Subdivision, Cochise County, Arizona. *Diroll, M., and Marsh, D., 2006, Status of water quality in Arizona-2004 integrated 305(b) assessment and 303(d) listing report: ADEQ report. 453 Section 3.10 Safford Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 E Environmental Protection Agency, 2005, Surf Your Watershed: Facility reports, accessed April 2005 at http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/ef_home2.water. _____, 2005, 2000 and 1996, Clean Watershed Needs Survey: datasets, accessed March 2005 at http://www.epa.gov/owm/ mtb/cwns/index.htm. F *Fisk, G.G., Duet, D.W., Evans, C.E., Angernoth, N.K., and Longsworth, S.A., 2004, Water Resources Data, Arizona Water Year 2003: USGS Water-Data Report AZ-03-1. *Freethey, G.W. and Anderson, T.W. 1986, Predevelopment hydrologic conditions in the alluvial basins of Arizona and adjacent parts of California and New Mexico: USGS Hydrologic Investigations Atlas-HA664. G *Gila Water Commissioner, 2006, Distribution of Waters of the Gila River, Annual Report No. 70 (year 2005), prepared for the U.S. District Court. H *Harris, R.C.A, 1999, Bibliography and review of water quality studies in the upper Gila watershed, Arizona: AZGS Open File Report 99-25 K Konieczki, A.D. and Wilson, R.P., 1992, Annual summary of ground-water conditions in Arizona, spring 1986 to spring 1987: USGS Open File Report 92-54. M McCormack, H.F., Fisk, G.G., Duet, N.R., Evans, D.W., Roberts, W.P., and Castillo, N.K., 2002, Water resources data Arizona, water year 2002: USGS Water Data Report AZ-02-1. N Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), 2005, SNOTEL (Snowpack Telemetry) stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www3.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov/ nwcc/ sntlsites.jsp?state=AZ. _____, 2005, Snow Course stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www.wcc.nrcs. usda.gov/nwcc/snow-course-sites.jsp?state=AZ O *Oregon State University, Spatial Climate Analysis Service (SCAS), 2006, Average annual precipitation in Arizona for 1961-1990: PRISM GIS cover, accessed in 2006 at www.ocs. orst.edu/prism. P *Pope, G.L., Rigas, P.D., and Smith, C.F., 1998, Statistical summaries of streamflow data and characteristics of drainage basins for selected streamflow-gaging stations in Arizona through water year 1996: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 98-4225. Section 3.10 DRAFT Safford Basin 454 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 S Sundie, D.W., 1990, Draft outline of basin profiles for the state water assessment: ADWR Statewide Planning Division, Memorandum to L. Linser, January, 16, 1990. T *Tadayon, S., 2004, Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectric-power, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of the active management areas, 1991-2000: USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5293, 27 pp. *Towne, D., 2004, Ambient groundwater quality of the San Simon sub basin: a 2002 baseline study: ADEQ Open File Report 04-02. U *US Army Corps of Engineers, 2004 and 2005, National Inventory of Dams: Arizona Dataset, accessed November 2004 to April 2005 at http://crunch.tec.army.mil/ nid/webpages/nid. cfm *US Geological Survey, 2006, Average annual runoff in the United States, 1951-1980: Data file, accessed March 2006 at http://aa179.cr.usgs.gov/metadata /wrdmeta/runoff.htm. *____, 2006, Springs and spring discharges: Dataset, received November 2004 and January 2006 from USGS office in Tucson, AZ. *____, 2006, National Hydrography Dataset: Arizona dataset, accessed at http://nhd.usgs.gov/. *____, 2005, National Water Information System (NWIS): Arizona dataset, accessed December 2005 at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis. *____, 2005, Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectric-power, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of the active management areas, 2000-2005: Data file, received December 2005. *____, 2004, Southwest Regional Gap analysis study- land cover descriptions: Electronic file, accessed January 2005 at http://earth.gis.usu.edu /swgap. *____, 1981, Geographic digital data for 1:500,000 scale maps: USGS National Mapping Program Data Users Guide. V Valencia, R.A., Wennerlund, J.A., Winstead, R.A., Woods, S., Riley, L., Swanson, E., and Olson, S., 1993, Arizona riparian inventory and mapping project: Arizona Game and Fish Department. W Wahl, C.R., Boe, S.R., Wennerlund, R.A., Winstead, R.A., Allison, L.J., Kubly, D.M., 1997, Remote sensing mapping of Arizona intermittent stream riparian areas: Arizona Game and Fish Technical Report 112. Water Infrastructure Finance Authority of Arizona (WIFA), 2005, Clean Watershed Needs Survey-2004: Unpublished data sheets, received July 2005. *Western Regional Climate Center (WRCC), 2005, Pan evaporation stations: Data file accessed December 2005 at http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgiwin/wwcgi. dll?wwDI~GetCity~USA. *____, 2005, Precipitation and temperature stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwDI~GetCity~USA. 455 Section 3.10 Safford Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Wilson, R.P., 1992, Summary of groundwater conditions in Arizona 1985 to 1986: USGS Water Resources Investigation Report, 90-4179. Supplemental Reading Anning, D.W., 1999, Concentrations and stream loads of nitrogen and phosphorus in surface water resources of central Arizona: in Water Issues and Partnerships for Rural Arizona: Proceedings from 12th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 1999, Pinetop, Arizona. _____, 1998, Sources of nitrogen and phosphorus in drainage basins of central Arizona: in Water at the Confluence of Science, Law, and Public Policy: Proceedings from the 11th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 1998, Tucson, Arizona, p. 8. Baker, D. L., and King, K. A., 1994, Environmental contaminant investigation of water quality, sediment and biota of the upper Gila River basin, Arizona: US Fish and Wildlife service, Project No. 22410-1130-90-2-053, 53 p. Baldys, S., Ham, L.K., and Fossum, K.D., 1995, Summary statistics and trend analysis of water quality data at sites in the Gila River Basin, New Mexico and Arizona: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 95-4083 86 p. Baldys, S., and Bayles, J.A., 1990, Flow characteristics of streams that drain the Ft. Apache and San Carlos Indian Reservations, east central Arizona: USGS Water Resources Investigation Report 90-4053. Brown, S. L., Yu, S.K., and Munson, B. E., 1996, The impact of agricultural runoff on the pesticide contamination of a river- a case study on the middle Gila River: ADEQ Open File Report 96-1. Bureau of Reclamation, 1990, Upper Gila water supply analyses and sizing studies: Arizona Projects Office, draft report, April 1990. City of Safford, General Plan Water Resources Element, adopted November 2003. Cordy, G.E., Gellenbeck, D.J., Gebler, J.B., Anning, D.W., Coes, A.L., Edmonds, R.J. Rees, J.A., and Sanger, H.W., 2000, Water quality in the central Arizona basins, Arizona, 1995-1998: USGS Circular 1213. Gebler, J. B., 1998, Water quality of selected effluent dependent stream reaches in southern Arizona as indicated by concentrations of periphytic chlorophyll a and aquatic invertebrate communities: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 98-4199, 12 p Gookin, T.A., 2005, The Turner study in Safford Valley: in Conservation and Innovation in Water Management: Proceedings of the 18th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Section 3.10 DRAFT Safford Basin 456 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Symposium, Flagstaff, Arizona, September, 2005. Halpenney, L.C., Halpenny, P.C., 1994, Beyond adjudication: de facto conjunction of surface and ground water: in Approaching the Millennium-Evolving Perspectives in Water Resources: Proceedings from the 7th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 1994, Scottsdale, Arizona, 149-158. Haney, J., 2005, Evaluation of the ecological implications of altered flows on the Upper Gila River: in Conservation and Innovation in Water Management: Proceedings of the 18th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, Flagstaff, Arizona, September, 2005. Harris, R.C., 2000, Tritium as a tracer of groundwater sources and movement in the Safford basin, Graham County Arizona: AZGS Open File Report 00-10, 9 p. _____, 1997, Distribution of evaporates and implications for water quality in the San CarlosSafford-Duncan non point source management zone: AZGS Open-File Report 97-3, 56 p. _____, 1996, Distribution of uranium in rocks and radon levels in water in the San CarlosSafford-Duncan non point source management zone: AZGS Open-File Report 96-28, 10 p. Huckleberry, G., 1996, Historical geomorphology of the Gila River: AZGS Open – File Report 96-14, 31 p. Konieczki, A.D., Anderson, S.R., 1990, Evaluation of recharge along the Gila River as a result of the October 1983 flood: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 89-4148, 30 pp. Matlock, G.W., 1995, Management conflicts involving surface and ground water law: a Gila River example: in Water Use in Arizona: Cooperation or Conflict?: Proceedings from the 8th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 1995, Tucson, Arizona, p. 81-82. Richard, S.M., 1998, Map showing the orientation of layering and faults in the San Carlos – Safford - Duncan non point source management areas: AZGS Open – File Report 98-8 4 p. Robertson, F.N., 1991, Geochemistry of groundwater in alluvial basins in Arizona, and adjacent parts of Nevada, New Mexico and California: USGS Professional Paper 1406-C, 90 p. Santec Consulting and JE Fuller/ Hydrology & Geomorphology, Inc., 2000, Small and minor watercourses analysis for Cochise County, Arizona: Arizona State Land Department, Final Report. Tellman, B., Yarde, R., and Wallace, M., 1997, Arizona’s changing rivers: How people have affected rivers: Water Resources Research Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 457 Section 3.10 Safford Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Trapp, R.A., and Harris, R.C., 1996, Bibliography of the San Carlos-Safford-Duncan Non point source management zone: AZGS Open-File Report 96-20, 58 p. US Geological Survey, 1997, Stage discharge rating curve for the Gila River, at the head of Safford Valley, near Solomon, AZ: USGS Water Resources unpublished report, Tucson, AZ. Wittler, R. J., Klawon, J.E., and Collins, K.L., 2004, Upper Gila River fluvial geomorphology study: Bureau of Reclamation final report. Section 3.10 DRAFT Safford Basin 458 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Safford Basin Index to Section 3.0 Geography 1, 4 Hydrology 5, 7 Environmental Conditions 13 Instream Flow Claims 13 Conservation Areas, Refuges and Preserves 15, 20 Population 20, 21, 22, 23 Water Supply Surface Water 23 Groundwater 24 Effluent 25 Contamination Sites 25, 26, Cultural Water Demand Municipal Demand 31, 32 Agricultural Demand 28, 34, 35, 36 Industrial Demand 39, 40, 41 Water Resource Issues in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Watershed Groups 42 Issue Surveys 44, 47 459 Section 3.10 Safford Basin DRAFT Section 3.11 San Bernardino Valley Basin 460 c Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.11.1 Geography of the San Bernardino Valley Basin The San Bernardino Valley Basin is a small, 387 square mile basin in the southeastern corner of the planning area. Geographic features and principal communities are shown on Figure 3.11-1. The basin is characterized by a valley flanked by two mountain ranges and desert scrub, grassland and woodland vegetation. 461 • Principal geographic features shown on Figure 3.11-1 are: o Principal basin communities of Chiricahua, Bernardino and Cazador o San Bernardino Valley east of Bernardino and Chiricahua o Indian Creek north of Bernardino o Silver Creek north of Cazador o Black Draw east of Bernardino running north-south to the Mexico border o Peloncillo Mountains to the east • Not well shown on Figure 3.11-1 are the Perilla Mountains to the west, which include the highest point in the basin at 6,391 feet, the Pedregosa Mountains on the northwest basin boundary. Section 3.11 San Bernardino Valley Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 T20S Chiricahua T21S Bernardino ! ! T22S Cazador NEW MEXICO ! COCHISE COUNTY T23S T24S R29E R30E 0 MEXICO 3 ¨ c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Base Map: USGS 1:500,000, 1981 Section 3.11 DRAFT San Bernardino Valley Basin R31E R32E 6 Miles State Boundary International Boundary City, Town or Place ! Figure 3.11-1 San Bernardino Valley Basin Geographic Features 462 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.11.2 Land Ownership in the San Bernardino Valley Basin Land ownership, including the percentage of ownership in each category, is shown for the San Bernardino Valley Basin in Figure 3.11-2. The principal feature of land ownership in this basin is the significant amount of State Trust Land, the largest of any basin in the planning area. A description of land ownership data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.8. Land ownership categories are discussed below in the order of percentage from largest to smallest in the basin. State Trust • 63.2% of land in this basin is held in trust for public schools and nine other beneficiaries under the State Trust Land system. • Much of the state owned land in this basin is adjacent to other state owned lands but interspersed with parcels of privately owned and Bureau of Land Management lands. • Primary land use is grazing. Private • 24.3% of land is private. • Most private land is interspersed with state owned land. • The largest portions of contiguous private land are near the communities of Cazador, Bernardino and Chiricahua. • Primary land uses are domestic and grazing. National Forest and Wilderness • 7.3% of land is federally owned and managed as national forest and wilderness. • All forest land, although not contiguous, is in the Coronado National Forest, Douglas Ranger District. • Primary land uses are grazing, recreation and timber production. U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) • 4.3% of land is federally owned and managed by the Safford Field Office of the Bureau of Land Management. • The majority of BLM land in this basin is in the east along the boundary with New Mexico. • Primary land use is grazing. Wildlife Refuge • 0.9% of land is federally owned and managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). • All USFWS land is in the San Bernardino National Wildlife Refuge. • Primary land uses are wildlife protection and recreation. 463 Section 3.11 San Bernardino Valley Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 T20S CORONADO NATIONAL FOREST Chiricahua T21S CORONADO NATIONAL FOREST 80 Bernardino T22S NEW MEXICO Cazador COCHISE COUNTY T23S SAN BERNARDINO NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE T24S R29E R30E MEXICO R31E R32E Land Ownership (Percentage in Basin) State Trust (63.2%) 0 3 Private (24.3%) 6 Miles National Forest & Wilderness (7.3%) U.S. Bureau of Land Management (4.3%) Wildlife Refuge (0.9%) c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Source: ALRIS , 2004 Section 3.11 DRAFT San Bernardino Valley Basin State Boundary Figure 3.11-2 San Bernardino Valley Basin Land Ownership International Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place 464 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.11.3 Climate of the San Bernardino Valley Basin The San Bernardino Valley Basin does not contain any NOAA/NWS Coop Network, Evaporation Pan, AZMET or SNOTEL/Snowcourse stations. The precipitation figures shown in Figure 3.11-3 are from the Spatial Climatic Analysis Service at Oregon State University. A description of this and other climate data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.3. Average Annual Precipitation • Average annual precipitation is as high as 22 inches at the Pedregosa Mountains in the northwest portion of the basin. • Average annual precipitation is as low as 10 inches at the San Bernardino Valley along the border with Mexico. • In general, rainfall increases as the elevation increases in this basin with the highest precipitation volumes in the northern portion of the basin. • The average precipitation range of 14 inches between areas of highest and lowest rainfall is common for the planning area. 465 Section 3.11 San Bernardino Valley Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.11-1 Climate Data for the San Bernardino Valley Basin A.NOAA/NWS Co-op Network: elevation (in feet) Station Name Average Temperature range (in f) Period of record Used for Averages Max/Month Min/Month Average Total Precipitation (in inches) Winter Spring Summer fall Annual None Source: WRCC, 2003. B. evaporation Pan: elevation (in feet) Station Name Period of record Avg. Annual evap Used for (in inches) Averages None Source: WRCC, 2003. C. AZMeT: Station Name elevation (in feet) Period of record Average Annual reference evaportranspiration, in inches Used for (number of years to calculate averages ) Averages None Source: Arizona Meteorological Network, 2005 D. SNOTeL/Snowcourse: Station Name elevation (in feet) Period of record Used for Averages Average Snowpack, at Beginning of the Month, as Inches Snow Water Content (Number of measurements to calculate average) Jan. feb. March April May June None Source: Natural Resources Conservation Service, 2005 Section 3.11 DRAFT San Bernardino Valley Basin 466 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 16 18 20 T20S Chiricahua ! T21S 14 ?È Bernardino ! NEW MEXICO 16 Cazador ! 18 18 T22S 14 16 COCHISE COUNTY T23S 14 12 T24S R29E R30E MEXICO R31E R32E Average Annual Precipitation (1961-1990) inches per year 10-12 12-14 14-16 0 3 ¨ c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Figure 3.11-3 San Bernardino Valley Basin Meteorological Stations and Annual Precipitation Precipitation Data Source: Oregon State University, 1998 467 16-18 6 Miles 18-20 20-22 22-24 Precipitation Contour 12 COUNTY State Boundary International Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place ! Section 3.11 San Bernardino Valley Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.11.4 Surface Water Conditions in the San Bernardino Valley Basin There are no streamflow data or flood ALERT equipment in this basin. Reservoir and stockpond data, including maximum storage or maximum surface area of large reservoirs and type of use of the stored water, are shown in Table 3.11-4. The USGS annual runoff contours as well as stream channels are shown on Figure 3.11-4. A description of stream data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.16. A description of reservoir data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.11. A description of stockpond data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.15. Reservoirs and Stockponds • Refer to Table 3.11-4. • Surface water is stored or could be stored in one large and five small reservoirs in the basin. • Total maximum surface area in the large reservoir is 401 acres. The use of this reservoir is unknown. • Total maximum storage for one of the small reservoirs is 45 acre-feet. Total surface area for the other four small reservoirs is 22 acres. • There are an estimated 151 stockponds in this basin. Runoff Contour • Refer to Figure 3.11-4. • Average annual runoff varies from 0.2 inches per year in the middle half of the basin to 2 inches per year at the northern boundary. Section 3.11 DRAFT San Bernardino Valley Basin 468 469 Station Number USGS Station Name Contributing Drainage Area (in sq. miles) Mean Basin elevation (in feet) Period of record Winter None Spring Summer fall Average Seasonal flow (% of annual flow) Table 3.11-2 Streamflow Data for the San Bernardino Valley Basin Minimum Mean Section 3.11 Median years of Annual flow record San Bernardino Valley Basin DRAFT Maximum Annual flow/year (in acre-feet) Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.11-3 flood ALerT equipment in the San Bernardino Valley Basin Station Name Station ID Station Type Install Date responsibility None Section 3.11 DRAFT San Bernardino Valley Basin 470 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.11-4 reservoirs and Stockponds in the San Bernardino Valley Basin A. Large reservoirs (500 acre-feet capacity and greater) MAP Key reSerVOIr/LAKe NAMe (Name of dam, if different) OWNer/OPerATOr MAxIMUM STOrAGe (Af) USe JUrISDICTION None identified by ADWR at this time B. Other Large reservoirs (50 acre surface area or greater)1 MAP Key reSerVOIr/LAKe NAMe (Name of dam, if different) OWNer/OPerATOr MAxIMUM SUrfACe AreA (acres) USe2 JUrISDICTION 1 Dry3 Private 401 U Landowner C. Small reservoirs (greater than 15 acre-feet and less than 500 acre-feet capacity) Total number: 1 Total maximum storage: 45 acre-feet D. Other Small reservoirs (between 5 and 50 acres surface area)1 Total number: 4 Total surface area: 22 acres e. Stockponds (up to 15 acre-feet capacity) Total number: 151 (from water right filings) Notes: Capacity data not available to ADWR 2 U=unknown 3 Dry Lake 1 471 Section 3.11 San Bernardino Valley Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 T20S 2 Chiricahua 1 T21S 0.5 0.2 1 Bernardino T22S Cazador Dr aw NEW MEXICO 80 Cr Bl a ck Silv er aw ee k COCHISE COUNTY T23S tto Co n o wo dD r T24S R29E R30E 0 c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Stream Data Source: ALRIS, 2005 Section 3.11 DRAFT San Bernardino Valley Basin MEXICO 3 R31E 6 Miles Figure 3.11-4 San Bernardino Valley Basin Surface Water Conditions R32E USGS Annual Runoff Contour for 1951-1980 (in inches) Stream Channel (width of line reflects stream order) Reservoir > 500 AF Capacity 2 1 State Boundary International Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place 472 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.11.5 Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major Springs in the San Bernardino Valley Basin Minor springs with discharge rates and date of measurement, and the total number of springs in the basin are shown in Table 3.11-5. There are no major springs identified in this basin. The locations of perennial and intermittent streams are shown on Figure 3.11-5. A description of data sources and methods for intermittent and perennial reaches is found in Volume 1, 1.3.16. A description of spring data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.14. • • • • • 473 There is one perennial stream, Black Draw, located near the border with Mexico. A number of intermittent streams are located on the eastern boundary of the basin. There is one minor spring in the basin. Listed discharge rates may not be indicative of current conditions. The House Spring was last measured in 1985. The total number of springs identified by the USGS varies from 6 to 10, depending on the database reference. Section 3.11 San Bernardino Valley Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.11-5 Springs in the San Bernardino Valley Basin A. Major Springs (10 gpm or greater): Map Key Location Name Latitude Discharge Date Discharge Measured Longitude (in gpm) None identified by ADWR at this time B. Minor Springs (1 to 10 gpm): Name House Location Latitude Discharge Date Discharge 1 Measured Longitude (in gpm) 312012 1091642 3 3/1/1985 C. Total number of springs, regardless of discharge, identified by USGS (see ALrIS, 2005 and NHD, 2006): 6 to 10 Notes: Most recent measurement identified by ADWR 1 Section 3.11 DRAFT San Bernardino Valley Basin 474 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 T20S Chiricahua T21S 80 Bernardino T22S nw o Cazador Dra w Sy c a m o re C reek Black Draw T23S NEW MEXICO Co tto COCHISE COUNTY od T24S R29E R30E 0 MEXICO 3 R31E R32E 6 Miles Intermittent Streams Perennial Streams ARIZONA O DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES c Stream Data Source: AGFD, 1993 & 1997 475 Figure 3.11-5 San Bernardino Valley Basin Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major (>10 gpm) Springs International Boundary State Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.11 San Bernardino Valley Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.11.6 Groundwater Conditions of the San Bernardino Valley Basin Major aquifers, well yields, estimated natural recharge, estimated water in storage, number of index wells and date of last water-level sweep are shown in Table 3.11-6. Figure 3.11-6 shows aquifer flow direction and water-level change between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004. Figure 3.11-7 contains hydrographs for selected wells shown on Figure 3.11-6. Figure 3.11-8 shows well yields in three yield categories. A description of aquifer data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.2. A description of well data sources and methods, including water-level changes and well yields is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.19. Major Aquifers • Refer to Table 3.11-6 and Figure 3.11-6. • The major aquifers in the basin are recent stream alluvium and volcanic rock. • Artesian wells and springs support wetlands in this basin near the border with Mexico. • Flow direction is generally from the north to the south. Well Yields • Refer to Table 3.11-6 and Figure 3.11-8. • As shown on Figure 3.11-8 well yields in this basin range from less than 100 gallons per minute (gpm) to 1,000 gpm. • One source of well yield information, based on three reported wells, indicates that the median well yield in this basin is 450 gpm, however the range is quite large, 22-600 gpm. Natural Recharge • Refer to Table 3.11-6. • The only natural recharge estimate for this basin is 9,000 acre-feet per year and is from a 1986 Freethey and Anderson study. Water in Storage • Refer to Table 3.11-6. • There are two storage estimates of 1.6 million acre-feet and 2 million acre-feet to a depth of 1,200 feet. • The predevelopment storage estimate is two million acre-feet. Water Level • Refer to Figure 3.11-6. Water levels are shown for wells measured in 2003-2004. • The Department annually measures four index wells in this basin. • In 1990, the year of the last water level sweep, 50 wells were measured. • Depth to water was measured for three wells in this basin in 2003-2004 and varies from 612 feet in the north central portion of the basin to 30 feet along the border with Mexico. • Two well water levels have fluctuated between a one foot decline and a one foot increase and the third well lacks change data for the period between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004. • Hydrographs corresponding to selected wells shown on Figure 3.11-6 but covering a longer time period are shown in Figure 3.11-7. Section 3.11 DRAFT San Bernardino Valley Basin 476 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.11-6 Groundwater Data for the San Bernardino Valley Basin Basin Area, in square miles: 387 Name and/or Geologic Units Recent Stream Alluvium Major Aquifer(s): Volcanic Rock Well yields, in gal/min: estimated Natural recharge, in acre-feet/year: estimated Water Currently in Storage, in acre-feet: NA Measured by ADWR and/or USGS Range 22 - 600 Median 450 (3 wells reported) Reported on registration forms for large (> 10-inch) diameter wells NA ADWR (1990 and 1994) Range 0 - 2,500 Anning and Duet, USGS (1994) 9,000 Freethey and Anderson (1986) 1,600,000 (to 1,200 ft) ADWR (1990) 2,000,0001 (to 1,200 ft) Freethey and Anderson (1986) NA Arizona Water Commission (1975) Current Number of Index Wells: 4 Date of Last Water-level Sweep: 1990 (50 wells measured) Notes: NA = Not Available 1 Predevelopment Estimate 477 Section 3.11 San Bernardino Valley Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 T20S Chiricahua T21S 80 A 612 Bernardino T22S Cazador NEW MEXICO COCHISE COUNTY T23S 203 T24S B 30 R29E MEXICO R30E R31E R32E Water-level change in feet between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004 H 375 number is depth to water in feet letter is hydrograph Between -1 and +1 0 3 6 Miles Change Data Not Available Generalized Flow Direction Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments International Boundary Figure 3.11-6 San Bernardino Valley Basin Groundwater Conditions c ARIZONA O DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Section 3.11 DRAFT San Bernardino Valley Basin State Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place 478 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Depth To Water In Feet Below Land Surface SAN BERNARDINO VALLEY BASIN Figure 3.11-7 San Bernardino Valley Basin HYDROGRAPHS SHOWING DEPTH Hydrographs Showing Depth to Water in Selected Wells TO WATER IN SELECTED WELLS 479 600 A WELL DEPTH: 809 ft USE: UNUSED basin fill D-22-30 13CBD 650 1975 0 B 1985 1995 2005 volcanic rocks D-24-30 16CCC WELL DEPTH: 100 ft USE: STOCK 50 1975 1985 1995 2005 YEAR Section 3.11 San Bernardino Valley Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 T20S Chiricahua T21S 80 Bernardino T22S Cazador NEW MEXICO COCHISE COUNTY T23S T24S R29E MEXICO R30E R31E R32E Well Yields Between 500 and 1000 gals/min 0 3 6 Miles Between 100 and 500 gals/min Less than 100 gals/min Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments International Boundary Figure 3.11-8 San Bernardino Valley Basin Well Yields ARIZONA O DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES c Section 3.11 DRAFT San Bernardino Valley Basin State Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place 480 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.11.7 Water Quality of the San Bernardino Valley Basin Drinking water standard exceedences in wells, springs and mine sites including location and parameter(s) exceeded are shown in Table 3.11-7A. There are no data on impaired lakes and streams in this basin. Figure 3.11-9 shows the location of exceedences keyed to Table 3.11-7A. A description of water quality data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.18. Not all parameters were measured at all sites; selective sampling for particular constituents is common. Wells, Springs and Mines • Refer to Table 3.11-7A. • Drinking water standard exceedences have been reported for two wells in the basin. • Both wells are in the southern portion of the basin. • The only parameter exceeded in this basin was nitrates. 481 Section 3.11 San Bernardino Valley Basin DRAFT Section 3.11 DRAFT Well Well 1 2 Site Type Site Name Township 24 South 24 South Area of Impaired Lake (in acres) Section 11 6 None identified by ADWR at this time Length of Impaired Stream reach (in miles) range 29 East 32 East Site Location San Bernardino Valley Basin Notes: Because of map scale, feature locations may appear different than the location indicated on the table 1 Water quality samples collected between 1974 and 2002. 2 NO3 = Nitrate/Nitrite Map Key B. Lakes and Streams Site Type Map Key A. Wells, Springs and Mines Designated Use Standard Parameter(s) exceeding Use Standard Parameter(s) exceeding Drinking Water Standard2 NO3 NO3 Table 3.11-7 Water Quality exceedences in the San Bernardino Valley Basin1 482 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 T20S Chiricahua T21S 80 Bernardino T22S Cazador NEW MEXICO COCHISE COUNTY T23S 2 1 T24S R29E MEXICO R30E 0 3 R31E 6 Miles R32E Well, Spring or Mine Site with Recorded MCL Exceedence 1 Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments COUNTY c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES 483 Figure 3.11-9 San Bernardino Valley Basin Water Quality Conditions State Boundary International Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.11 San Bernardino Valley Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.11.8 Cultural Water Demands in the San Bernardino Valley Basin Cultural water demand data including population, number of wells and the average well pumpage and surface water diversions by the municipal, industrial and agricultural sectors are shown in Table 3.11-8. There is no recorded effluent generation in this basin. The USGS National Gap Analysis Program, the source of cultural demand map data, showed no demand centers for this basin. A description of cultural water demand data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.5. More detailed information on cultural water demands is found in Section 3.0.7. Cultural Water Demands • Refer to Table 3.11-8. • Population increased between 1980-1990 and decreased between 1990-2000 but there was an overall increase in population. Projections suggest an increase in the rate of growth through 2050. • Groundwater pumping has decreased from 1971- 2003 with less than 300 acre-feet pumped per year in the period from 1991 - 2003. • All water use in this basin is groundwater, there are no recorded surface-water diversions. • Municipal demand is the only use in this basin and is minimal, less than 300 acre-feet per year. • As of 2003 there were 169 registered wells with a pumping capacity of less than or equal to 35 gallons per minute and five wells with a pumping capacity of more than 35 gallons per minute. Section 3.11 DRAFT San Bernardino Valley Basin 484 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.11-8 Cultural Water Demands in the San Bernardino Valley Basin 1 year recent (Census) and Projected (DeS) Population 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 20 1981 26 1982 33 1983 39 1984 45 1985 51 1986 58 1987 64 1988 70 1989 76 1990 83 1991 81 1992 79 1993 78 1994 76 1995 74 1996 73 1997 71 1998 69 1999 68 2000 66 2001 74 2002 81 2003 89 2010 142 2020 270 2030 512 2040 973 2050 1,849 ADDITIONAL WELLS: 3 WELL TOTALS: Average Annual Demand (in acre-feet) Number of registered Water Supply Wells Drilled Q < 35 gpm 1172 Q > 35 gpm Well Pumpage Municipal Industrial Surface-Water Diversions Irrigation Municipal Industrial Irrigation <500 NR <500 NR Data Source 42 ADWR (1994) 12 0 <500 NR 19 0 <500 NR 9 1 <300 NR NR NR 7 0 <300 NR NR NR 3 0 <300 NR NR NR 2 169 5 USGS (2005) Notes: NR = Not reported 1 Does not include evaporation losses from stockponds and reservoirs. 2 Includes all wells through June 1980. 3 Other water-supply wells are listed in the ADWR Well Registry for this basin, but they do not have completion dates. These wells are summed here. 485 Section 3.11 San Bernardino Valley Basin DRAFT Population Served San Bernardino Valley Basin Ownership Section 3.11 DRAFT facility Name City/Location Served Watercourse evaporation Irrigation Pond Golf Course/Turf Irrigation Wildlife Area Disposal Method No Wastewater Treatment Facilities Identified by ADWR in this Basin Volume Treated/Generated (acre-feet/year) Discharge to Another facility Table 3.11-9 effluent Generation in the San Bernardino Valley Basin Groundwater recharge Current Treatment Level year of record 486 Population Not Served Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.11.9 Water Adequacy Determinations in the San Bernardino Valley Basin There are no water adequacy applications on file with the Department as of May, 2005 for the San Bernardino Valley Basin. A description of the Water Adequacy Program is found in Volume 1, Appendix A. Adequacy determination data sources and methods are found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.1. 487 Section 3.11 San Bernardino Valley Basin DRAFT Section 3.11 DRAFT Subdivision Name San Bernardino Valley Basin Map Key County Township range Location ADWr file No. ADWr Adequacy Determination No subdivisions on file with ADWR at this time Section No. of Lots reason(s) for Inadequacy Determination Table 3.11-10 Adequacy Determinations in the San Bernardino Valley Basin Date of Determination Water Provider at the Time of Application 488 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 San Bernardino Valley Basin References and Supplemental Reading References A Anderson, T.W., and Freethey, G.W., 1995, Simulation of groundwater flow in alluvial basins in south central Arizona and parts of adjacent states: USGS Professional Paper 1406-D. Anning, D.W. and Duet, N.R., 1994, Summary of ground-water conditions in Arizona, 1987-90, USGS Open-file Report 94-476. Arizona Corporation Commission, 2005, Annual reports, Private Sewer companies, 1990 to 2005: ACC Utilities Division. _____, 2005, Annual reports, Small water providers, 1990 to 2005: ACC Utilities Division. *Arizona Department of Economic Security, 2005, Workforce Informer: Data file, accessed August 2005, http://www.workforce.az.gov. Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, 2005, Active dairy farms & feedlots: Data file, received October 2005. _____, 2005, ADEQSWI: Data file, received September 2005. _____, 2005, ADEQWATP: Data file, received May 2005. _____, 2005, ADEQWWTP: Data file, received August 2005. _____, 2005, Azurite: Data file, received September 2005. _____, 2005, Effluent dependent waters: GIS cover, received December 2005. _____, 2005, Impaired lakes and reaches: GIS cover, received January 2006. _____, 2005, Surface water sources used by water providers: Data file, received June 2005. _____, 2005, WWTP and permit files: Miscellaneous working files, received July 2005. *____, 2004, Water providers with arsenic concentrations in wells over 10ppb: Data file, received August 2004. *____, 2004, Water quality exceedences by watershed: Data file, received June 2004. *____, 2004, Water quality exceedences for drinking water providers in Arizona: Data file, received September 2004. Arizona Department of Mines and Mineral Resources (ADMMR), 2005, Active mines in Arizona: Database, accessed at http:// www.admmr.state.az.us. Arizona Department of Water Resources, 2006, Assured and adequate water supply applications: Project files, ADWR Hydrology Division. _____, 2005, Agricultural Surface Water Use Estimates: Unpublished analysis, ADWR Office of Resource Assessment Planning. *____, 2005, Automated recorder sites: Data files, ADWR Basic Data Unit. _____, 2005, 2004 rural water provider questionnaire: Data files, ADWR Office of Resource Assessment Planning. _____, 2005, Assured and adequate water supply determinations: Database, ADWR Office of Assured and Adequate Water Supply. _____, 2005, Flood warning gages: Database, ADWR Office of Water Engineering. * All references marked with an asterisk contain information that was directly used in the basin summaries, tables or maps. 489 Section 3.11 San Bernardino Valley Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 _____, 2005, Inspected dams: Database, ADWR Office of Dam Safety. _____, 2005, Non-jurisdictional dams: Database, ADWR Office of Dam Safety. *____, 2005, Groundwater Site Inventory (GWSI): Database, ADWR Hydrology Division. _____, 2005, Registry of surface water rights: ADWR Office of Water Management. _____, 2005, Water use by golf courses in rural Arizona: Unpublished analysis, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 2005, Wells55: Database. _____, 2004, Rural Water Resources 2003 Questionnaire Report: Rural water resources study, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. _____, 2002, Groundwater quality exceedences in rural Arizona from 1975 to 2001: Data file, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 1994, Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Vol. I, Inventory and Analysis. *____, 1994, Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Vol. II, Hydrologic Summary. *Arizona Game and Fish Department, 2005, Arizona Waterways: Data file, received April 2005. *____, 1997 & 1993, Statewide riparian inventory and mapping project: GIS cover. _____, 1982, Arizona Lakes Classification Study. *Arizona Land Resource Information System (ALRIS), 2005, Surface Beneficiaries, GIS cover, accessed September 2006 at http://sco.az.gov/website/parcels/viewer.htm *____, 2005, Springs: GIS cover, accessed January 2006 at http://www.land.state.az.us/alris/ index.html. *____, 2005, Streams: GIS cover, accessed 2005 at http://www.land.state. az.us/alris/index.html. *____, 2005, Water features: GIS cover, accessed July 2005 at http://www.land.state. az.us/alris/ index.html. *____, 2004, Land ownership: GIS cover, accessed in 2004 at http://www.land.state.az.us/alris/ index.html. Arizona Meteorological Network (AZMET), 2005, Arizona climate stations: Pan evaporation date, accessed December 2005 at http://www.ag.arizona.edu /azmet/locate.html. *Arizona Water Commission, 1975, Summary, Phase I, Arizona State Water Plan, Inventory of resource and uses. D *Diroll, M., and Marsh, D., 2006, Status of water quality in Arizona-2004 integrated 305(b) assessment and 303(d) listing report: ADEQ report. E Environmental Protection Agency, 2005, Surf Your Watershed: Facility reports, accessed April 2005 at http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/ef_home2.water. _____, 2005, 2000 and 1996, Clean Watershed Needs Survey: datasets, accessed March 2005 at http://www.epa.gov/owm /mtb/cwns/index.htm. F Fisk, G.G., Duet, D.W., Evans, C.E., Angernoth, N.K., and Longsworth, S.A., 2004, Water Resources Data, Arizona Water Year 2003: USGS Water-Data Report AZ-03-1. *Freethey, G.W. and Anderson, T.W. 1986, Predevelopment hydrologic conditions in the alluvial basins of Arizona and adjacent parts of California and New Mexico: USGS Hydrologic Section 3.11 DRAFT San Bernardino Valley Basin 490 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Investigations Atlas-HA664. K Konieczki, A.D. and Wilson, R.P., 1992, Annual summary of ground-water conditions in Arizona, spring 1986 to spring 1987: USGS Open File Report 92-54. L *Longsworth, S.A., 1991: Geohydrology and chemical quality of groundwater, San Bernardino NWR, Arizona: USGS Open File Report 90-4190, 28 pp. M McCormack, H.F., Fisk, G.G., Duet, N.R., Evans, D.W., Roberts, W.P., and Castillo, N.K., 2002, Water resources data Arizona, water year 2002: USGS Water Data Report AZ-02-1. N Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), 2005, SNOTEL (Snowpack Telemetry) stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www3.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov/ nwcc/ sntlsites.jsp?state=AZ. _____, 2005, Snow Course stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www.wcc.nrcs. usda.gov/nwcc/snow-course-sites.jsp?state=AZ O *Oregon State University, Spatial Climate Analysis Service (SCAS), 2006, Average annual precipitation in Arizona for 1961-1990: PRISM GIS cover, accessed in 2006 at www.ocs. orst.edu/prism. P Pope, G.L., Rigas, P.D., and Smith, C.F., 1998, Statistical summaries of streamflow data and characteristics of drainage basins for selected streamflow-gaging stations in Arizona through water year 1996: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 98-4225. S Sundie, D.W., 1990, Draft outline of basin profiles for the state water assessment: ADWR Statewide Planning Division, Memorandum to L. Linser, January, 16, 1990. T *Tadayon, S., 2004, Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectric-power, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of the active management areas, 1991-2000: USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5293, 27 pp. U US Army Corps of Engineers, 2004 and 2005, National Inventory of Dams: Arizona Dataset, accessed November 2004 to April 2005 at http://crunch.tec.army.mil/ nid/webpages/nid. cfm *US Fish and Wildlife Service, 2003, Leslie Canyon Wildlife Refuge Land Ownership Status 491 Section 3.11 San Bernardino Valley Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Boundary, accessed September 2006 at http://www.fws.gov /data/r2gis/landstatus.htm *US Geological Survey, 2006, Average annual runoff in the United States, 1951-1980: Data file, accessed March 2006 at http://aa179.cr.usgs.gov/metadata/ wrdmeta/runoff.htm. *____, 2006, Springs and spring discharges: Dataset, received November 2004 and January 2006 from USGS office in Tucson, AZ. *____, 2006, National Hydrography Dataset: Arizona dataset, accessed at http://nhd.usgs.gov/. _____, 2005, National Water Information System (NWIS): Arizona dataset, accessed December 2005 at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis. *____, 2005, Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectric-power, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of the active management areas, 2000-2005: Data file, received December 2005. *____, 2004, Southwest Regional Gap analysis study- land cover descriptions: Electronic file, accessed January 2005 at http://earth.gis.usu.edu/ swgap. *____, 1981, Geographic digital data for 1:500,000 scale maps: USGS National Mapping Program Data Users Guide. V Valencia, R.A., Wennerlund, J.A., Winstead, R.A., Woods, S., Riley, L., Swanson, E., and Olson, S., 1993, Arizona riparian inventory and mapping project: Arizona Game and Fish Department. W Wahl, C.R., Boe, S.R., Wennerlund, R.A., Winstead, R.A., Allison, L.J., Kubly, D.M., 1997, Remote sensing mapping of Arizona intermittent stream riparian areas: Arizona Game and Fish Technical Report 112. Water Infrastructure Finance Authority of Arizona (WIFA), 2005, Clean Watershed Needs Survey-2004: Unpublished data sheets, received July 2005. Western Regional Climate Center (WRCC), 2005, Pan evaporation stations: Data file accessed December 2005 at http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgiwin/wwcgi. dll?wwDI~GetCity~USA. _____, 2005, Precipitation and temperature stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwDI~GetCity~USA. Wilson, R.P., 1992, Summary of groundwater conditions in Arizona 1985 to 1986: USGS Water Resources Investigation Report, 90-4179. Supplemental Reading Biggs, T.H., Leighty, R.S., Skotnicki, S.J., Pearthree, P.A., 1999, Geology and geomorphology of the San Bernardino Valley, southeastern Arizona: AZGS Open File Report 99-19, 20 pp. Davis, L.A., Maddock, T. and Mac Nish,R.D., 1997, Groundwater flow and interaction with surface water in San Bernardino Valley, Cochise County, Arizona and Sonora Mexico: University of Arizona Technical-Report HWR 97-030, 207 pp. Santec Consulting and JE Fuller/ Hydrology & Geomorphology, Inc., 2000, Small and minor watercourses analysis for Cochise County, Arizona, Arizona State Land Department, Final Report. Section 3.11 DRAFT San Bernardino Valley Basin 492 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 San Bernardino Valley Basin Index to Section 3.0 Geography 4 Hydrology 5, 6, 8 Environmental Conditions Conservation Areas, Refuges and Preserves 19 Population 20, 22 Water Supply Groundwater 25 Cultural Water Demand 30 Municipal Demand 31 493 Section 3.11 San Bernardino Valley Basin DRAFT Section 3.12 San Rafael Basin 494 c Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.12.1 Geography of the San Rafael Basin The San Rafael Basin is a small, 229 square mile basin in the southwest corner of the planning area. Geographic features and principal communities are shown on Figure 3.12-1. The sparsely populated basin is characterized by a high-elevation mountain range, a valley, grasslands and woodlands. • Principal geographic features shown on Figure 3.12-1 are: o Principal basin communities of Lochiel and Sunnyside, with combined populations of less than 200 o The Santa Cruz River east of Lochiel o Parker Canyon west of Sunnyside o Adams Canyon north of Lochiel • Not well shown on Figure 3.12-1 are: o The San Rafael Valley to the east of Lochiel o The Huachuca Mountains along the eastern basin boundary, which include the highest point in the basin at 9,466 feet 495 Section 3.12 San Rafael Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R18E T22S R16E SANTA CRUZ COUNTY ! Sunnyside R20E COCHISE COUNTY COCHI SE COUNTY COCHI SE COUNTY T24S ! Lochiel MEXICO 0 3 ¨ c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Base Map: USGS 1:500,000, 1981 Section 3.12 DRAFT San Rafael Basin 6 Miles COUNTY International Boundary City, Town or Place ! Figure 3.12-1 San Rafael Basin Geographic Features 496 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.12.2 Land Ownership in the San Rafael Basin Land ownership, including the percentage of ownership in each category, is shown for the San Rafael Basin in Figure 3.12-2. Principal features of land ownership are the lack of diversity in land ownership, 99% of land is under federal or private ownership, and the large portion of land managed by the National Forest Service. A description of land ownership data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.8. Land ownership categories are discussed below in the order of percentage from largest to smallest in the basin. National Forest and Wilderness • 73.0% of land is federally owned and managed as national forest and wilderness. • Forest land is in the Coronado National Forest, Sierra Vista Ranger District. • The basin includes most of the Miller Peak Wilderness area, located in T23S, R19E and R20E. • Primary land uses are recreation, grazing and timber production. Private • 26.3% of land is private. • There is a large concentration of private land in the Santa Cruz County portion of the basin. • Private land in-holdings are located throughout the national forest lands in the basin. • Primary land uses are domestic and grazing. Parks, Monuments, Historical and Recreation Sites • 0.2% of land is federally owned and managed by the National Park Service. • All park lands are within the small portion of Coronado National Memorial in the basin. • Primary land use is recreation. 497 Section 3.12 San Rafael Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R18E T22S FORT HUACHUCA R16E SANTA CRUZ COUNTY CORONADO NATIONAL FOREST Sunnyside R20E COCHISE COUNTY 83 T24S Lochiel CORONADO NATIONAL MEMORIAL MEXICO Land Ownership (Percentage in Basin) National Forest & Wilderness (73.1%) Private (26.3%) State Trust (0.3%) Parks, Monuments, (0.2%) Historical & Recreational Sities U.S. Military (0.1%) c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Source: ALRIS , 2004 Section 3.12 DRAFT San Rafael Basin Figure 3.12-2 San Rafael Basin Land Ownership COUNTY International Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place 498 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.12.3 Climate of the San Rafael Basin Climate data from a NOAA/NWS Coop Network station are complied in Table 3.12-1 and the location is shown on Figure 3.12-3. The San Rafael Basin does not contain Evaporation Pan, AZMET and SNOTEL/Snowcourse stations. A description of the climate data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.3. NOAA/NWS Coop Network • Refer to Table 3.12-1A • There is one NOAA/NWS Coop network climate station in the basin at San Rafael Ranch, located at an elevation of 4,740 feet. • Average maximum temperature at the station is 74.1°F and average minimum temperature is 42.6°F. • Annual average precipitation is 17.26 inches. • Most precipitation, 10.60 inches on average, occurs in the summer season. Summer precipitation is more than three times that of any other season. • The driest season is in the spring (April-June) when an average of 1.16 inches is recorded. • Other precipitation data shows rainfall as high as 38 inches at the Huachuca Mountains along the eastern basin boundary and as low as 18 inches in the San Rafael Valley. The San Rafael Basin contains the highest low precipitation figure in the planning area. • In general, precipitation increases as altitude increases in this basin. The range of 20 inches between areas of highest and lowest precipitation is relatively high for the planning area. 499 Section 3.12 San Rafael Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.12-1 Climate Data for the San rafael Basin A. NOAA/NWS Co-op Network: Station Name elevation (in feet) Period of record Used for Averages 4,740 1892-1968 San Rafael Ranch Average Temperature range (in f) Average Total Precipitation (in inches) Max/Month Min/Month Winter Spring Summer fall Annual 74.1/Jul 42.6/Jan 2.81 1.16 10.60 2.70 17.26 Source: WRCC, 2003. B. evaporation Pan: Station Name elevation (in feet) Period of record Avg. Annual evap Used for (in inches) Averages None Source: WRCC, 2003. C. AZMeT: Station Name elevation (in feet) Period of record Average Annual reference evaportranspiration, in inches Used for (number of years to calculate averages) Averages None Source: Arizona Meteorological Network, 2005 D. SNOTeL/Snowcourse: Station Name elevation (in feet) Period of record Average Snowpack, at Beginning of the Month, as Inches Snow Water Content (Number of measurements to calculate average) Used for Averages Jan. feb. March April May June None Source: Natural Resources Conservation Service, 2005 Section 3.12 DRAFT San Rafael Basin 500 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R18E T22S R16E 22 SANTA CRUZ COUNTY Sunnyside 34 20 R20E 22 32 COCHISE COUNTY San Rafael Ranch T24S 26 24 30 24 83 36 28 20 Lochiel MEXICO Average Annual Precipitation (1961-1990) inches per year 18-20 20-22 22-24 24-26 26-28 28-30 30-32 32-34 34-36 0 3 6 Miles 36-38 Meteorological Stations WRCC c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Precipitation Data Source: Oregon State University, 1998 501 Figure 3.12-3 San Rafael Basin Meteorological Stations and Annual Precipitation Precipitation Contour 12 COUNTY International Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.12 San Rafael Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.12.4 Surface Water Conditions in the San Rafael Basin Streamflow data, including average seasonal flow, average annual flow and other information is shown in Table 3.12-2. The basin does not contain flood ALERT equipment. Reservoir and stockpond data, including maximum storage or maximum surface area of large reservoirs and type of use of the stored water, are shown in Table 3.12-4. The location of streamflow gages, using the USGS number, is shown on Figure 3.12-4. The location of large reservoirs is also shown on Figure 3.12-4. There were no runoff contours for this basin. A description of stream data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.16. A description of reservoir data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.11. A description of stockpond data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.15. Streamflow Data • Refer to Table 3.12-2. • Data from one station located at the Santa Cruz River are shown on the table and on Figure 3.12-4. • The average seasonal flow as a percentage of annual flow is highest in the Summer (JulySeptember) and lowest in the Spring (April-June). • Summer flow constitutes 84% of the annual flow. • Maximum annual flow was 12,600 acre-feet in 1955 and minimum annual flow was 123 acre-feet in 1962. There are 21 years of annual flow record for this station. Reservoirs and Stockponds • Refer to Table 3.12-4. • Surface water is stored or could be stored in one large reservoir and one small reservoir in the basin. • Total maximum storage for the large reservoir is 4,400 acre-feet. • The reservoir is used for recreation. • Total surface area for the small reservoir is six acres. • There are an estimated 258 stockponds in this basin. Section 3.12 DRAFT San Rafael Basin 502 503 USGS Station Name Contributing Drainage Mean Basin Area (in sq. elevation (in feet) miles) Period of record 6 Winter 2 Spring 84 Summer 9 fall Average Seasonal flow (% of annual flow) Notes: Statistics based on Calendar Year Annual Flow statistics based on monthly values Summation of Average Annual Flows may not equal 100 due to rounding. Period of record may not equal Year of Record used for annual Flow/Year statistics due to only using years with a 12 month record 9480000 Santa Cruz River 82.2 5,150 1/1949-current near Lochiel Sources: USGS NWIS; Pope et al, USGS 1998; and Fisk et al., USGS 2003. Station Number 123 (1962) 1,419 Median 12,600 (1955) Section 3.12 2,388 Mean San Rafael Basin DRAFT 21 years of Annual flow Maximum record Annual flow (in acre-feet/year) Minimum Table 3.12-2 Streamflow Data for the San rafael Basin Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.12-3 flood ALerT equipment in the San rafael Basin Station Name Station ID Station Type Install Date responsibility None Section 3.12 DRAFT San Rafael Basin 504 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.12-4 reservoirs and Stockponds in the San rafael Basin A. Large reservoirs (500 acre-feet capacity and greater) MAP Key reSerVOIr/LAKe NAMe (Name of dam, if different) OWNer/OPerATOr MAxIMUM STOrAGe (Af) USe1 JUrISDICTION 1 Parker Canyon AZ Game & Fish 4,400 R State USe JUrISDICTION B. Other Large reservoirs (50 acre surface area or greater)2 MAP Key reSerVOIr/LAKe NAMe (Name of dam, if different) OWNer/OPerATOr MAxIMUM SUrfACe AreA (acres) None identified by ADWR at this time C. Small reservoirs (greater than 15 acre-feet and less than 500 acre-feet capacity) Total number: 0 Total maximum storage: 0 acre-feet D. Other Small reservoirs (between 5 and 50 acres surface area)2 Total number: 1 Total surface area: 6 acres e. Stockponds (up to 15 acre-feet capacity) Total number: 258 (from water right filings) Notes: R=recreation 2 Capacity data not available to ADWR 1 505 Section 3.12 San Rafael Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R18E Santa Cruz River T22S R16E Sunnyside 1 R20E SANTA CRUZ COUNTY COCHISE COUNTY 9480000 Be Lochiel ar C re ek 83 MEXICO 0 3 6 Miles Stream Channel (width of line reflects stream order) Reservoir > 500 AF Capacity 1 Stream Gages USGS c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Stream Data Source: ALRIS, 2005 Section 3.12 DRAFT San Rafael Basin Figure 3.12-4 San Rafael Basin Surface Water Conditions COUNTY International Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place 506 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.12.5 Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major Springs in the San Rafael Basin Minor springs with discharge rates and date of measurement, and the total number of springs in the basin are shown in Table 3.12-5. There are no major springs identified in this basin. The locations of perennial and intermittent streams are shown on Figure 3.12-5. A description of data sources and methods for intermittent and perennial reaches is found in Volume 1, 1.3.16. A description of spring data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.14. • • • • • 507 There is one perennial stream, the Santa Cruz River, located east of Lochiel. This reach is the headwaters of the Santa Cruz River. Several intermittent streams are located in the eastern portion of the basin. There is one minor spring in the basin. Listed discharge rates may not be indicative of current conditions. The unnamed spring in this basin was last measured in 1981. The total number of springs identified by the USGS varies from 23 to 24, depending on the database reference. Section 3.12 San Rafael Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.12-5 Springs in the San rafael Basin A. Major Springs (10 gpm or greater): Map Key Location Name Latitude Longitude Discharge (in gpm) Date Discharge Measured None identified by ADWR at this time B. Minor Springs (1 to 10 gpm): Name Unnamed Location Latitude Discharge 1 Longitude (in gpm) 312726 1102350 Date Discharge Measured 1 10/22/1981 C. Total number of springs, regardless of discharge, identified by USGS (see ALrIS, 2005 and NHD, 2006): 23 to 24 Notes: Most recent measurement identified by ADWR 1 Section 3.12 DRAFT San Rafael Basin 508 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R18E T22S R16E Sunnyside n 83 k COCHISE COUNTY rC ke ar Be a r Cr e e P R20E an yo Santa Cruz River T24S SANTA CRUZ COUNTY Lochiel MEXICO 0 3 6 Miles Intermittent Streams Perennial Streams ARIZONA O DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES c Stream Data Source: AGFD, 1993 & 1997 509 Figure 3.12-5 San Rafael Basin Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major (>10 gpm) Springs COUNTY International Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.12 San Rafael Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.12.6 Groundwater Conditions of the San Rafael Basin Major aquifers, well yields, estimated natural recharge, estimated water in storage, number of index wells and date of last water-level sweep are shown in Table 3.12-6. Figure 3.12-6 shows aquifer flow direction and water-level change between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004. Figure 3.12-7 contains hydrographs for selected wells shown on Figure 3.12-6. Figure 3.12-8 shows well yields in three yield categories. A description of aquifer data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.2. A description of well data sources and methods, including water-level changes and well yields is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.19. Major Aquifers • Refer to Table 3.12-6 and Figure 3.12-6. • The major aquifers in the basin are recent stream alluvium, composed of well-sorted silt, sand and gravel, and basin fill, consisting of clay, silt, sand and gravel. • The streambed alluvium and the basin fill are hydrologically connected. • Flow direction is generally from north to south. Well Yields • Refer to Table 3.12-6 and Figure 3.12-8. • As shown on Figure 3.12-8 well yields in this basin range from less than 100 gallons per minute (gpm) to 1,000 gpm. • One source of well yield information, based on 12 reported wells, indicates that the median well yield in this basin is 145 gpm. Natural Recharge • Refer to Table 3.12-6. • Principal sources of recharge in this basin are mountain-front recharge and infiltration from runoff in washes. • The only natural recharge estimate for this basin is 5,000 acre-feet per year and is from a 1986 Freethey and Anderson study. Water in Storage • Refer to Table 3.12-6. • There are two storage estimates of five million acre-feet and four million acre-feet to a depth of 1,200 feet. • The predevelopment storage estimate for this basin is five million acre-feet. Water Level • Refer to Figure 3.12-6. Water levels are shown for wells measured in 2003-2004. • The Department annually measures seven index wells in this basin. • In 2005, the year of the last water level sweep, 38 wells were measured. • The deepest recorded water level in 2003-2004 was 205 feet northwest of Lochiel and the shallowest was six feet northeast of Lochiel. Section 3.12 DRAFT San Rafael Basin 510 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 • • 511 Most well water levels have declined between one and 15 feet between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004. The water level in one well has increased between one and 15 feet during the same time period. Hydrographs corresponding to selected wells shown on Figure 3.12-6 but covering a longer time period are shown in Figure 3.12-7. Section 3.12 San Rafael Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.12-6 Groundwater Data for the San rafael Basin Basin Area, in square miles: 229 Name and/or Geologic Units Recent Stream Alluvium Major Aquifer(s): Basin Fill Well yields, in gal/min: estimated Natural recharge, in acre-feet/year: estimated Water Currently in Storage, in acre-feet: NA Measured by ADWR and/or USGS Range 7 - 700 Median 145 (12 wells reported) Reported on registration forms for large (> 10-inch) diameter wells Range 3 - 465 ADWR (1994) Range 0 - 2,500 Anning and Duet, USGS (1994) 5,000 Freethey and Anderson (1986) NA ADWR (1990 and 1994) 5,000,0001 (to 1,200 ft) Freethey and Anderson (1986) 4,000,000 (to 1,200 ft) Arizona Water Commission (1975) Current Number of Index Wells: 7 Date of Last Water-level Sweep: 2005 (38 wells measured) Notes: NA = Not Available 1 Predevelopment Estimate Section 3.12 DRAFT San Rafael Basin 512 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 27 T22S R18E A 120 R16E Sunnyside R20E COCHISE COUNTY SANTA CRUZ COUNTY 6 B 137 83 205 T24S 10 Lochiel MEXICO Water-level change in feet between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004 H 375 0 ARIZONA O DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES c 513 3 6 Miles Figure 3.12-6 San Rafael Basin Groundwater Conditions number is depth to water in feet letter is hydrograph Between -15 and -1 Between -1 and +1 Between +1 and +15 Change Data Not Available Generalized Flow Direction Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments COUNTY International Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.12 San Rafael Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 SAN RAFAEL BASIN HYDROGRAPHS DEPTH FigureSHOWING 3.12-7 San Basin WELLS TO WATER INRafael SELECTED Depth To Water In Feet Below Land Surface Hydrographs Showing Depth to Water in Selected Wells Section 3.12 DRAFT 75 A WELL DEPTH: 280 ft. USE: UNUSED basin fill D-22-17 31ADA 125 1975 100 B 1985 1995 WELL DEPTH: UNKNOWN USE: STOCK 2005 basin fill D-23-17 33DBC UNSURV 150 1975 1985 1995 2005 YEAR San Rafael Basin 514 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R18E T22S R16E Sunnyside R20E SANTA CRUZ COUNTY COCHISE COUNTY 83 T24S Lochiel MEXICO Well Yields Between 500 and 1000 gals/min 0 3 6 Miles Between 100 and 500 gals/min Less than 100 gals/min Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments ARIZONA O DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES c 515 Figure 3.12-8 San Rafael Basin Well Yields COUNTY International Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.12 San Rafael Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.12.7 Water Quality of the San Rafael Basin Drinking water standard exceedences in wells, springs and mine sites including location and parameter(s) exceeded are shown in Table 3.12-7A. Impaired lakes and streams with site type, name, length of impaired stream reach, area of impaired lake, designated use standard and parameter(s) exceeded is shown in Table 3.12-7B. Figure 3.12-9 shows the location of exceedences and impairment keyed to Table 3.12-7. A description of water quality data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.18. Not all parameters were measured at all sites; selective sampling for particular constituents is common. Wells, Springs and Mines • Refer to Table 3.12-7A. • Drinking water standard exceedences in wells, springs and at mine sites have been reported for six sites in the basin. • The most frequently exceeded parameters in the sites measured in this basin were arsenic and lead. • Other parameters exceeded in the sites measured included radionuclides, cadmium and antimony. Lakes and Streams • Refer to Table 3.12-7B. • Water quality standards were exceeded in Parker Canyon Lake. • The parameter exceeded at Parker Canyon Lake was mercury. • Parker Canyon Lake is part of the ADEQ water quality improvement effort called the Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) program. Sampling to create a TMDL report is ongoing. Section 3.12 DRAFT San Rafael Basin 516 517 NR NR Well NR Well Well 1 2 3 4 5 6 Lake a Parker Canyon Site Name 24 South 23 South 23 South 23 South 23 South 23 South Township NA Length of Impaired Stream reach (in miles) 16 East 19 East 16 East 16 East 16 East 16 East range Site Location 123 FC Section 3.12 Hg Parameter(s) exceeding Use Standard2 Pb, Sb Pb Cd As Rad As Area of Designated Use Impaired Lake Standard3 (in acres) 2 18 34 22 22 21 Section Parameter(s) exceeding Drinking Water Standard2 Notes: Because of map scale, feature locations may appear different than the location indicated on the table NR = Information not available to ADWR NA = Not applicable 1 Water quality samples collected in 2002. 2 As = Arsenic Sb = Antimony Cd = Cadmium Pb = Lead Hg = Mercury Rad = One or more of the following radionuclides - Gross Alpha, Gross Beta, Radium, and Uranium 3 FC = Fish Consumption Site Type Map Key B. Lakes and Streams Site Type Map Key A. Wells, Springs and Mines Table 3.12-7 Water Quality exceedences in the San rafael Basin1 San Rafael Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R18E T22S R16E Sunnyside a R20E 5 3 1 2 83 4 6 T24S Lochiel MEXICO 0 3 6 Miles Well, Spring or Mine Site with Recorded MCL Exceedence Impaired Stream or Lake Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks 1 a Unconsolidated Sediments Figure 3.12-9 San Rafael Basin Water Quality Conditions c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Section 3.12 DRAFT San Rafael Basin COUNTY International Boundary Major Road City, Town or Place 518 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.12.8 Cultural Water Demands in the San Rafael Basin Cultural water demand data including population, number of wells and the average well pumpage and surface water diversions by the municipal, industrial and agricultural sectors are shown in Table 3.12-8. There is no recorded effluent generation in this basin. The USGS National Gap Analysis Program, the source of cultural demand map data, showed no demand centers for this basin. A description of cultural water demand data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.5. More detailed information on cultural water demands is found in Section 3.0.7. Cultural Water Demands • Refer to Table 3.12-8. • Population remained almost unchanged from 1980 to 2003. Projections suggest that the population will increase slightly through 2050. • Groundwater pumping remained constant from 1971 to 2003 with less than 300 acre-feet pumped per year. • All water use in this basin is groundwater, there are no recorded surface water diversions. • Municipal demand is the only use in this basin and is minimal, less than 300 acre-feet per year. This includes domestic and stock watering use. • As of 2003 there were 226 registered wells with a pumping capacity of less than or equal to 35 gallons per minute and 21 wells with a pumping capacity of more than 35 gallons per minute. 519 Section 3.12 San Rafael Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.12-8 Cultural Water Demands in the San rafael Basin 1 year recent (Census) and Projected (DeS) Population 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 143 1981 142 1982 142 1983 141 1984 141 1985 140 1986 140 1987 139 1988 138 1989 138 1990 137 1991 138 1992 139 1993 140 1994 141 1995 142 1996 143 1997 144 1998 145 1999 146 2000 147 2001 148 2002 149 2003 150 2010 158 2020 164 2030 171 2040 178 2050 186 ADDITIONAL WELLS: 3 WELL TOTALS: Average Annual Demand (in acre-feet) Number of registered Water Supply Wells Drilled Q < 35 gpm 1892 Q > 35 gpm Well Pumpage Municipal Surface-Water Diversions Industrial Irrigation Municipal Industrial Irrigation <300 NR <300 NR Data Source 172 ADWR (1994) USGS (2005) 11 4 <300 NR 5 0 <300 NR 13 0 <300 NR NR NR 4 0 <300 NR NR NR 3 0 <300 NR NR NR 1 226 21 USGS (2005) Notes: NR=Not reported 1 Does not include evaporation losses from stockponds and reservoirs. 2 Includes all wells through June 1980. 3 Other water-supply wells are listed in the ADWR Well Registry for this basin, but they do not have completion dates. These wells are summed here. Section 3.12 DRAFT San Rafael Basin 520 521 facility Name Ownership City/Location Served Population Served Watercourse evaporation Irrigation Pond Golf Course/Turf Irrigation year of record San Rafael Basin DRAFT Current Population Treatment Not Served Level Section 3.12 Discharge to Groundwater Wildlife Another recharge Area facility Disposal Method No Wastewater Treatment Facilities Identified by ADWR in this Basin Volume Treated/Generated (acre-feet/year) Table 3.12-9 effluent Generation in the San rafael Basin Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.12.9 Water Adequacy Determinations in the San Rafael Basin There are no water adequacy applications on file with the Department as of May, 2005 for the San Rafael Basin. A description of the Water Adequacy Program is found in Volume 1, Appendix A. Adequacy determination data sources and methods are found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.1. Section 3.12 DRAFT San Rafael Basin 522 523 Map Key Subdivision Name County Township range Location ADWr file No. ADWr Adequacy Determination No subdivisions on file with ADWR at this time Section No. of Lots reason(s) for Inadequacy Determination Table 3.12-10 Adequacy Determinations in the San rafael Basin Date of Determination Section 3.12 Water Provider at the Time of Application San Rafael Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 SAN RAFAEL BASIN References and Supplemental Reading References A Anderson, T.W., and Freethey, G.W., 1995, Simulation of groundwater flow in alluvial basins in south central Arizona and parts of adjacent states: USGS Professional Paper 1406-D. Anning, D.W. and Duet, N.R., 1994, Summary of ground-water conditions in Arizona, 1987-90, USGS Open-file Report 94-476. Arizona Corporation Commission, 2005, Annual reports Private Sewer companies, 1990 to 2005: ACC Utilities Division. _____, 2005, Annual reports, Small water providers, 1990 to 2005: ACC Utilities Division. *Arizona Department of Economic Security, 2005, Workforce Informer: Data file, accessed August 2005, http://www.workforce.az.gov. Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, 2005, Active dairy farms & feedlots: Data file, received October 2005. _____, 2005, ADEQSWI: Data file, received September 2005. _____, 2005, ADEQWATP: Data file, received May 2005. _____, 2005, ADEQWWTP: Data file, received August 2005. _____, 2005, Azurite: Data file, received September 2005. _____, 2005, Effluent dependent waters: GIS cover, received December 2005. *____, 2005, Impaired lakes and reaches: GIS cover, received January 2006. _____, 2005, Surface water sources used by water providers: Data file, received June 2005. _____, 2005, WWTP and permit files: Miscellaneous working files, received July 2005. *____, 2004, Water providers with arsenic concentrations in wells over 10ppb: Data file, received August 2004. *____, 2004, Water quality exceedences by watershed: Data file, received June 2004. *____, 2004, Water quality exceedences for drinking water providers in Arizona: Data file, received September 2004. Arizona Department of Mines and Mineral Resources (ADMMR), 2005, Active mines in Arizona: Database, accessed at http:// www.admmr.state.az.us. Arizona Department of Water Resources, 2006, Assured and adequate water supply applications: Project files, ADWR Hydrology Division. _____, 2005, Agricultural Surface Water Use Estimates: Unpublished analysis, ADWR Office of Resource Assessment Planning. *____, 2005, Automated recorder sites: Data files, ADWR Basic Data Unit. _____, 2005, 2004 rural water provider questionnaire: Data files, ADWR Office of Resource Assessment Planning. _____, 2005, Assured and adequate water supply determinations: Database, ADWR Office of Assured and Adequate Water Supply. _____, 2005, Flood warning gages: Database, ADWR Office of Water Engineering. All references marked with an asterisk contain information that was directly used in the basin summaries, tables or maps. Section 3.12 DRAFT San Rafael Basin 524 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 *____, 2005, Inspected dams: Database, ADWR Office of Dam Safety. *____, 2005, Non-jurisdictional dams: Database, ADWR Office of Dam Safety. *____, 2005, Groundwater Site Inventory (GWSI): Database, ADWR Hydrology Division. _____, 2005, Registry of surface water rights: ADWR Office of Water Management. _____, 2005, Water use by golf courses in rural Arizona: Unpublished analysis, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. _____, 2005, Wells55: Database. _____, 2004, Rural Water Resources 2003 Questionnaire Report: Rural water resources study, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 2002, Groundwater quality exceedences in rural Arizona from 1975 to 2001: Data file, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 1994, Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Vol. I, Inventory and Analysis. *____, 1994, Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Vol. II, Hydrologic Summary. * Arizona Game and Fish Department, 2005, Arizona Waterways: Data file, received April 2005. *____, 1997 & 1993, Statewide riparian inventory and mapping project: GIS cover. _____, 1982, Arizona Lakes Classification Study. * Arizona Land Resource Information System (ALRIS), 2005, Springs: GIS cover, accessed January 2006 at http://www.land.state.az.us/alris/index.html. *____, 2005, Streams: GIS cover, accessed 2005 at http://www.land.state. az.us/alris/index.html. *____, 2005, Water features: GIS cover, accessed July 2005 at http://www.land.state. az.us/alris/ index.html. *____, 2004, Land ownership: GIS cover, accessed in 2004 at http://www.land.state.az.us /alris/index.html. Arizona Meteorological Network (AZMET), 2005, Arizona climate stations: Pan evaporation date, accessed December 2005 at http://www.ag.arizona.edu/azmet/ locate.html. *Arizona Water Commission, 1975, Summary, Phase I, Arizona State Water Plan, Inventory of resource and uses. D * Diroll, M., and Marsh, D., 2006, Status of water quality in Arizona-2004 integrated 305(b) assessment and 303(d) listing report: ADEQ report. E Environmental Protection Agency, 2005, Surf Your Watershed: Facility reports, accessed April 2005 at http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/ef_home2.water. _____, 2005, 2000 and 1996, Clean Watershed Needs Survey: datasets, accessed March 2005 at http://www.epa.gov/owm/ mtb/cwns/index.htm. F Fisk, G.G., Duet, D.W., Evans, C.E., Angernoth, N.K., and Longsworth, S.A., 2004, Water Resources Data, Arizona Water Year 2003: USGS Water-Data Report AZ-03-1. *Freethey, G.W. and Anderson, T.W. 1986, Predevelopment hydrologic conditions in the alluvial basins of Arizona and adjacent parts of California and New Mexico: USGS Hydrologic Investigations Atlas-HA664. 525 Section 3.12 San Rafael Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 K Konieczki, A.D. and Wilson, R.P., 1992, Annual summary of ground-water conditions in Arizona, spring 1986 to spring 1987: USGS Open File Report 92-54. M McCormack, H.F., Fisk, G.G., Duet, N.R., Evans, D.W., Roberts, W.P., and Castillo, N.K., 2002, Water resources data Arizona, water year 2002: USGS Water Data Report AZ-02-1. *Montgomery & Assoc., 1999, Hydrological investigations of groundwater movement and sources of base flow to Sonoita Creek near Patagonia Arizona, Santa Cruz County, Arizona. N Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), 2005, SNOTEL (Snowpack Telemetry) stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www3.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov/ nwcc/ sntlsites.jsp?state=AZ. _____, 2005, Snow Course stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www.wcc.nrcs. usda.gov/nwcc/snow-course-sites.jsp?state=AZ O *Oregon State University, Spatial Climate Analysis Service (SCAS), 2006, Average annual precipitation in Arizona for 1961-1990: PRISM GIS cover, accessed in 2006 at www.ocs. orst.edu/prism. P Pope, G.L., Rigas, P.D., and Smith, C.F., 1998, Statistical summaries of streamflow data and characteristics of drainage basins for selected streamflow-gaging stations in Arizona through water year 1996: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 98-4225. S Sundie, D.W., 1990, Draft outline of basin profiles for the state water assessment: ADWR Statewide Planning Division, Memorandum to L. Linser, January, 16, 1990. T *Tadayon, S., 2004, Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectric-power, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of the active management areas, 1991-2000: USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5293, 27 pp. *Towne, D., 2003, Ambient groundwater quality report, San Rafael Basin, a 2002 Baseline Study: ADEQ Open File Report 03-01, 42 pp. U US Army Corps of Engineers, 2004 and 2005, National Inventory of Dams: Arizona Dataset, accessed November 2004 to April 2005 at http://crunch.tec.army.mil/nid/ webpages/nid. cfm *US Geological Survey, 2006, Average annual runoff in the United States, 1951-1980: Data file, accessed March 2006 at http://aa179.cr.usgs.gov/metadata /wrdmeta/runoff.htm. *____, 2006, Springs and spring discharges: Dataset, received November 2004 and January 2006 Section 3.12 DRAFT San Rafael Basin 526 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 from USGS office in Tucson, AZ. *____, 2006, National Hydrography Dataset: Arizona dataset, accessed at http://nhd.usgs.gov/. _____, 2005, National Water Information System (NWIS): Arizona dataset, accessed December 2005 at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis. *____, 2005, Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectric-power, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of the active management areas, 2000-2005: Data file, received December 2005. *____, Southwest Regional Gap analysis study- land cover descriptions: Electronic file, accessed January 2005 at http://earth.gis.usu.edu/swgap. *____, 1981, Geographic digital data for 1:500,000 scale maps: USGS National Mapping Program Data Users Guide. V Valencia, R.A., Wennerlund, J.A., Winstead, R.A., Woods, S., Riley, L., Swanson, E., and Olson, S., 1993, Arizona riparian inventory and mapping project: Arizona Game and Fish Department. W Wahl, C.R., Boe, S.R., Wennerlund, R.A., Winstead, R.A., Allison, L.J., Kubly, D.M., 1997, Remote sensing mapping of Arizona intermittent stream riparian areas: Arizona Game and Fish Technical Report 112. Water Infrastructure Finance Authority of Arizona (WIFA), 2005, Clean Watershed Needs Survey-2004: Unpublished data sheets, received July 2005. Western Regional Climate Center (WRCC), 2005, Pan evaporation stations: Data file accessed December 2005 at http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwDI~GetCity~USA. *____, 2005, Precipitation and temperature stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwDI~GetCity~USA. Wilson, R.P., 1992, Summary of groundwater conditions in Arizona 1985 to 1986: USGS Water Resources Investigation Report, 90-4179. Supplemental Reading Bultman, M.W., 1999, Geometry, structure, and concealed lithology of the San Rafael basin, southeastern Arizona: USGS Open File Report 99-399. Cordy, G.E., Sanger, H.W., Gellenbeck, D.J., 2000, Radon in groundwater in central and southern Arizona: in A cause for concern?: Symposium on Environmental Technologies for the 21st Century: Proceedings from the 13th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 2000, Phoenix, Arizona, p. 21. Hadley, D. and Sheridan, T., 1995, Land use history of the San Rafael Valley, Arizona (15401960): USDA Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Ft. Collins, CO, General Technical Report RM-GTR-269. Nemecek, E.A., 2003, Sustainability of Arizona’s few remaining perennial streams: in 527 Section 3.12 San Rafael Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Sustainability Issues of Arizona’s Regional Watersheds: Proceedings from the Arizona Hydrological Society 16th annual symposium, September 2003, Mesa, Arizona. Scott, R.L., 1999, Riparian and rangeland soil-vegetation-atmosphere interactions in Southeastern Arizona: University of Arizona, Ph. D. dissertation. Robertson, F.N., 1991, Geochemistry of groundwater in alluvial basins in Arizona, and adjacent parts of Nevada, New Mexico and California: USGS Professional Paper 1406-C, 90 pp. Section 3.12 DRAFT San Rafael Basin 528 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 San Rafael Basin Index to Section 3.0 Geography 5 Hydrology 6, 7, 8 Environmental Conditions Conservation Areas, Refuges and Preserves 19 Population 20, 22 Water Supply Groundwater 25 Cultural Water Demand Municipal Demand 31 529 Section 3.12 San Rafael Basin DRAFT Section 3.13 Upper San Pedro Basin 530 c Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.13.1 Geography of the Upper San Pedro Basin The Upper San Pedro Basin is a medium-size, 1,825 square mile basin in the southwestern portion of the planning area. Geographic features and principal communities are shown on Figure 3.13-1. The basin is characterized by a large valley flanked by a series of mountain ranges and grassland, woodland, conifer forest and desert scrub vegetation. 531 • Principal geographic features shown on Figure 3.13-1 are: o Principal basin communities of Sierra Vista, Benson, Tombstone, Bisbee and Whetstone. Sierra Vista is the largest community in the planning area. o Smaller basin communities of Naco on the Mexico border, Palominas north of the Mexico border, Hereford west of Bisbee, Huachuca City north of Sierra Vista, St. David south of Benson and Pomerene north of Benson o San Pedro River, which flows north through the San Pedro Valley east of Sierra Vista and Benson o Babocomari River north of Sierra Vista o Allen Flat in the northern portion of the basin o Garden and Ramsey Canyons southwest of Sierra Vista o Tres Alamos Wash northeast of Benson o Greenbrush Draw north of the Mexico border in the vicinity of Naco o Huachuca Mountains southwest of Sierra Vista o Whetstone Mountains southwest of Whetstone • Not well shown on Figure 3.13-1 are: o Canelo Hills on the southwestern boundary o Mule Mountains west of Bisbee o Dragoon Mountains along the eastern boundary of the basin east of Tombstone o Galiuro Mountains on the northeastern boundary of the basin o The highest point in the basin, 9,466 feet, at T23S, R20E in the Huachuca Mountains Section 3.13 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.13 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT GRAHAM COUNTY T12S T14S PIMA COUNTY T16S Benson ! Whetstone ! T18S COCHISE COUNTY ! Tombstone T20S SANTA CRUZ COUNTY Sierra Vista ! T22S ! Bisbee R18E T24S R20E 0 R22E 6 12 Miles ¨ c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Base Map: USGS 1:500,000, 1981 Figure 3.13-1 Upper San Pedro Basin Geographic Features MEXICO R24E COUNTY International Boundary City, Town or Place ! 532 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.13.2 Land Ownership in the Upper San Pedro Basin Land ownership, including the percentage of ownership in each category, is shown for the Upper San Pedro Basin in Figure 3.13-2. Principal features of the land ownership in this basin are the relatively large amounts of state owned lands and private lands as well as the Fort Huachuca Military Base. A description of land ownership data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.8. Land ownership categories are discussed below in the order of percentage from largest to smallest in the basin. State Trust • 39.1% of land in this basin is held in trust for public schools and five other beneficiaries under the State Trust Land system. • State owned land is fragmented in most of the basin, however, large contiguous parcels exist north of Interstate 10 and north of Highway 82 and east of Highway 90. • Primary land use is grazing. Private • 33.3% of land is private. • Much of the private land is interspersed with state owned land and, to a lesser extent, Bureau of Land Management lands. • Contiguous private lands exist south of Sierra Vista, north of Fort Huachuca, southeast of Benson and in the vicinity of Benson. • Primary land uses are domestic, commercial, industrial and farming. National Forest and Wilderness • 11.6% of land is federally owned and managed as national forest and wilderness. • All forest lands, although not contiguous, are in the Coronado National Forest in four ranger districts: the Safford Ranger District at the northern tip of the basin; the Santa Catalina Ranger District north of Interstate 10 adjacent to Saguaro National Park; the Douglas Ranger District south of Interstate 10 on the eastern basin boundary; and the Sierra Vista Ranger District in the southern part of the basin adjacent to Fort Huachuca and south of Interstate 10 on the western basin boundary. • Portions of the Miller Peak Wilderness area in T23S, R20E and the Rincon Mountain Wilderness area in T14S, R18E are in the basin. • Primary land uses are grazing, recreation and timber production. U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) • 8.9% of land is federally owned and managed by the Safford Field Office of the Bureau of Land Management. • The majority of the BLM land in this basin is within the San Pedro Riparian National Conservation Area. • A portion of the Las Cienegas National Conservation Area is in T20S and T21S, R18E. • A portion of the Redfield Canyon Wilderness is located in T12S, R21E. • Primary land uses are recreation and grazing. Section 3.13 DRAFT Upper San Pedro Basin 533 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 U.S. Military • 6.8% of land is federally owned and managed by the U.S. Military • All military lands are within Fort Huachuca. • Fort Huachuca was established during the Indian Wars in 1877 and has existed as a military outpost, with varied missions, since that time. • Primary land use is military activities. Parks, Monuments, Historical and Recreational Sites • 0.3% of land is federally owned and managed by the National Park Service. • All park lands are within the Coronado National Memorial. • Primary land use is recreation. 534 Section 3.13 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.13 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT GRAHAM COUNTY T12S T14S CORONADO NATIONAL FOREST SAGUARO NATIONAL PARK PIMA COUNTY T16S 10 Benson Whetstone CORONADO NATIONAL FOREST 80 T18S COCHISE COUNTY 90 Tombstone 82 T20S LAS CIENEGAS NATIONAL CONSERVATION AREA SAN PEDRO RIPARIAN NATIONAL CONSERVATION AREA SANTA CRUZ COUNTY FORT HUACHUCA Sierra Vista 83 T22S CORONADO NATIONAL FOREST Bisbee R18E 92 T24S 83 MEXICO R20E CORONADO NATIONAL MEMORIAL 0 6 R22E R24E Land Ownership (Percentage in Basin) 12 Miles State Trust (39.1%) Private (33.3%) National Forest & Wilderness (11.6%) U.S. Bureau of Land Management (8.9%) U.S. Military (6.8%) Parks, Monuments, Historical (0.3%) & Recreational sities National Conservation Area c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES 535 Source: ALRIS , 2004 Bureau of Land Management, 1999 Figure 3.13-2 Upper San Pedro Basin Land Ownership COUNTY International Boundary Interstate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.13.3 Climate of the Upper San Pedro Basin Climate data from NOAA/NWS Coop Network stations is complied in Table 3.13-1 and the locations are shown on Figure 3.13-3. The Upper San Pedro Basin does not contain Evaporation Pan, AZMET and SNOTEL/Snowcourse stations. A description of the climate data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.3. NOAA/NWS Coop Network • Refer to Table 3.13-1A • There are seven NOAA/NWS Coop network climate stations in the basin. • Of the seven stations, data from different periods of record may be used as shown. The variety of dates may be due to discontinued measurements, date of installation or other availability issues. • The seven stations are located throughout most of the basin. There are no stations north of Interstate 10. • Station elevations range from 3,670 feet at Benson to 5,240 feet at Coronado N.M. • Maximum average temperatures range from 74.6°F at Canelo 1 NW to 81.0°F at Benson. • Minimum average temperatures range from 43.3°F at Canelo 1 NW to 47.8°F at Tombstone. • Average annual precipitation varies from 12.34 inches at Benson to 21.18 inches at Coronado N.M. • All stations report highest average precipitation in the summer (July - September) and lowest in the spring (April – June). All stations, except Coronado N.M., receive at least half of their annual average precipitation in the summer. • Additional precipitation data shows rainfall as high as 38 inches at the Huachuca Mountains south of Sierra Vista and as low as 12 inches in the vicinity of Tombstone. • Precipitation increases as elevation increases in the basin. The range of 26 inches between areas of highest and lowest precipitation is high for the planning area. Section 3.13 DRAFT Upper San Pedro Basin 536 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.13-1 Climate Data for the Upper San Pedro Basin A.NOAA/NWS Co-op Network: Station Name elevation (in feet) Period of record Used for Averages Max/Month Min/Month Winter Spring Summer fall Annual Apache Powder Co. 3,690 1971-2000 80.3/Jul 45.5/Dec 2.16 1.01 8.38 2.66 14.21 3,670 1 81.0/Jul 45.9/Jan 1.23 0.74 8.01 2.37 12.34 Benson Average Temperature range (in f) 1894-1975 1 Average Total Precipitation (in inches) Bisbee 2 5,020 1961-1997 77.6/Jul 46.6/Jan 2.74 1.22 8.39 3.10 15.44 Canelo 1 NW 5,010 1971-2000 74.6/Jul 43.3/Jan 3.68 1.32 9.17 3.87 18.04 Coronado N.M. 5,240 1971-2000 75.4/Jul 45.3/Jan 4.71 1.41 10.02 5.04 21.18 Fort Huachuca 4,670 1 1900-1981 77.3/Jul 46.3/Jan 2.44 1.13 7.89 2.91 14.35 Tombstone 4,610 1971-2000 79.9/Jul 47.8/Jan 2.48 1.13 7.43 3.06 14.10 Source: WRCC, 2003. Notes: Average temperature for period of record shown; average precipitation from 1971-2000 1 B. evaporation Pan: Station Name elevation (in feet) Period of record Used for Averages Avg. Annual evap (in inches) None Source: WRCC, 2003. C. AZMeT: Station Name elevation (in feet) Period of record Used for Averages Average Annual reference evaportranspiration, in inches (number of years to calculate averages) None Source: Arizona Meteorological Network, 2005 D. SNOTeL/Snowcourse: Station Name elevation (in feet) Period of record Used for Averages Average Snowpack, at Beginning of the Month, as Inches Snow Water Content (Number of measurements to calculate average) Jan. feb. March April May June None Source: Natural Resources Conservation Service, 2005 537 Section 3.13 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 24 22 20 22 Section 3.13 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT GRAHAM COUNTY T12S 18 T14S 16 18 22 20 18 22 PIMA COUNTY T16S 10 18 Benson Benson Whetstone Apache Powder Co. 16 80 14 20 16 T18S 90 COCHISE COUNTY 82 Tombstone Tombstone T20S 20 SANTA CRUZ COUNTY Fort Huachuca Canelo 1 NW Average Annual Precipitation (1961-1990) 18 Sierra Vista 90 inches per year 12-14 83 28 26 30 28 3 36 4 18-20 Bisbee 20 R18E 16-18 22 20 14-16 24 22 18 T22S 20-22 32 24 Bisbee 2 92 Coronado N.M. 22-24 24-26 16 26-28 T24S 28-30 R20E R22E MEXICO R24E 30-32 32-34 34-36 0 6 12 Miles 36-38 Meteorological Stations WRCC Precipitation Contour c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES 538 Precipitation Data Source: Oregon State University, 1998 Figure 3.13-3 Upper San Pedro Basin Meteorological Stations and Annual Precipitation COUNTY International Boundary Interstate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place 12 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.13.4 Surface Water Conditions in the Upper San Pedro Basin Streamflow data, including average seasonal flow, average annual flow and other information is shown in Table 3.13-2. This basin does not contain Flood ALERT equipment. Reservoir and stockpond data, including maximum storage or maximum surface area, are shown in Table 3.134. The location of streamflow gages, using the USGS number, is shown on Figure 3.13-4. The location of large reservoirs as well as USGS runoff contours are also shown on Figure 3.13-4. A description of stream data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.16. A description of reservoir data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.11. A description of stockpond data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.15. Streamflow Data • Refer to Table 3.13-2. • Data from 13 stations, including three discontinued station, are shown on the table and on Figure 3.13-4. • These stations are located at the San Pedro River, Greenbush Draw, Banning Creek, Ramsey Canyon, Garden Canyon, Huachuca Canyon, and the Babocomari River. • The average seasonal flow as a percentage of annual flow for the majority of the stations is highest in the Summer (July-September) and lowest in Spring (April-June). • Maximum annual flow was 102,107 acre-feet in 1984 at the San Pedro River near Tombstone and minimum annual flow was 0 acre-feet at Greenbush Draw near Palominas in 2001. Reservoirs and Stockponds • Refer to Table 3.13-4. • Surface water is stored or could be stored in four small reservoirs in the basin. • Total maximum storage for two of the reservoirs is 247 acre-feet. Total surface area for the other two small reservoirs is 13 acres. • There are an estimated 974 stockponds in this basin. Runoff Contour • Refer to Figure 3.13-4. • Average annual runoff is 0.5 inches in this basin. Section 3.13 DRAFT Upper San Pedro Basin 539 540 Babocomari River near Tombstone San Pedro River near Palominas Greenbush Draw near Palominas Banning Creek near Bisbee Ramsey Canyon near Sierra Vista Garden Canyon near Fort Huachuca San Pedro River at Charleston Huachuca Canyon near Fort Huachuca Huachuca Canyon near Fort Huachuca Upper Babocomari River near Huachuca City USGS Station Name NA NA NA 3.2 1,234.0 8.4 NA NA NA 737.0 NA NA NA NA 4,840 NA NA NA NA 4,950 3/2000-current 7/2000-current 10/2000-current 10/1961-9/1964 (discontinued) 3/1904-current 10/1959-current 5/2000-current 2/2001-current 6/2000-current 5/1930-current 4 1 5 8 9 7 5 11 8 11 2 Spring 19 25 16 11 14 39 10 0 10 Winter 54 17 fall 4,403 (1962) 0 (2001) Minimum 76 16,659 Median 16 15 73 43 1,043 33,203 24 (2003) 71 (1997) 6,778 (2002) 43 47 73 1,028 2,331 1,433 (2003) 862 (2003) 62 7 (2002) 87 49 8 28 7,314 (2002) 8,618 (1973) 23,447 36,950 1,028 2,669 88 38,636 990 145 Section 3.13 28,966 29,654 No statistics run, less than 3 years of data 24 28 9 No statistics run, less than 3 years of data 65 35 9 76 22,873 Mean 9 24 1 3 3 3 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT 102,107 (1984) 44,463 (1971) 1195 (2001) 4,243 (2003) 195 (2001) 84 152,798 (1914) 2 11 3 2 3 44 years of Annual flow record 2,086 (1995) 369 (2001) 65,464 (2000) 152 (2003) Maximum Annual flow (in acre-feet/year) No statistics run, less than 3 years of data 35 70 Summer Average Seasonal flow (% of annual flow) Notes: Statistics based on Calendar Year Annual Flow statistics based on monthly values Summation of Average Annual Flows may not equal 100 due to rounding. Period of record may not equal Year of Record used for annual Flow/Year statistics due to only using years with a 12 month record NA=Not available to ADWR 9471500 10/1926-9/1928 San Pedro River 1,672.0 NA (discontinued) at Fairbanks San Pedro River 9471550 1,730.0 4,820 4/1967-current near Tombstone San Pedro River 3/1966-9/1976 9471800 2,490.0 4,800 near Benson (discontinued) Sources: USGS NWIS; Pope et al, USGS 1998; and Fisk et al., USGS 2003. 9471400 9471380 9471310 9471300 9471000 9470800 9470750 9470700 9470520 9470500 Station Number Table 3.13-2 Streamflow Data for Upper San Pedro Basin Contributing Drainage Mean Basin Period of record Area (in sq. elevation (in feet) mile) Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.13-3 flood ALerT equipment in the Upper San Pedro Basin Station Name Station ID Station Type Install Date responsibility None Section 3.13 DRAFT Upper San Pedro Basin 541 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.13-4 reservoirs and Stockponds in the Upper San Pedro Basin A. Large reservoirs (500 acre-feet capacity and greater) MAP Key reSerVOIr/LAKe NAMe OWNer/OPerATOr (Name of dam, if different) MAxIMUM STOrAGe (Af) USe JUrISDICTION USe JUrISDICTION None identified by ADWR at this time B. Other Large reservoirs (50 acre surface area or greater)1 MAP Key MAxIMUM reSerVOIr/LAKe NAMe OWNer/OPerATOr SUrfACe AreA (Name of dam, if different) (acres) None identified by ADWR at this time C. Small reservoirs (greater than 15 acre-feet and less than 500 acre-feet capacity) Total number: 2 Total maximum storage: 247 acre-feet D. Other Small reservoirs (between 5 and 50 acres surface area)1 Total number: 2 Total surface area: 13 acres e. Stockponds (up to 15 acre-feet capacity) Total number: 974 (from water right filings) Notes: Capacity data not available to ADWR 1 542 Section 3.13 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.13 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT GRAHAM COUNTY T12S 0.5 T14S 9471800 PIMA COUNTY As h n P e dro Sa C re e k T16S r Rive 10 Dr Benson Whetstone ag W oo n as h 0.5 Escala nte Wash 90 T18S COCHISE COUNTY 80 9471550 82 9471500 9471400 Tombstone R T20S Ba bo co ri ma r ive 9471380 9471000 SANTA CRUZ COUNTY Sa T22S 0.5 r Rive Sierra Vista 9471310 9471300 n P e dro 90 83 9470700 9470800 9470750 R18E Bisbee 9470500 9470520 92 T24S 83 R20E 0 c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Stream Data Source: ALRIS, 2005 R22E 6 12 Miles Figure 3.13-4 Upper San Pedro Basin Surface Water Conditions MEXICO R24E USGS Annual Runoff Contour for 1951-1980 (in inches) Stream Channel (width of line reflects stream order) Stream Gages USGS COUNTY International Boundary Interstate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place 2 543 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.13.5 Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major Springs in the Upper San Pedro Basin Major and minor springs with discharge rates and date of measurement, and the total number of springs in the basin are shown in Table 3.13-5. The locations of major springs as well as perennial and intermittent streams are shown on Figure 3.13-5. A description of data sources and methods for intermittent and perennial reaches is found in Volume 1, 1.3.16. A description of spring data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.14. • • • • • • • • • There are numerous perennial stream reaches in this basin. Most perennial streams are in the southern portion of the basin. A number of intermittent stream reaches are located throughout most of the basin. The San Pedro River through most of this basin is intermittent with a perennial reach in the southern portion of the basin. There are 12 major springs with a measured discharge of 10 gallons per minute (gpm) or greater at any time. Listed discharge rates may not be indicative of current conditions. Most of the measurements were taken prior to 1982. Two major spring measurements post-date 1982. Most of the major springs are in the Huachuca Mountains southwest of Sierra Vista. The greatest discharge rate was measured at Garden Canyon (Garden Canyon No. 1, 164 gpm). Half of the major springs discharge more than 40 gpm. Springs with measured discharge of 1 to 10 gpm are not mapped but coordinates are given in Table 3.13-5. There are five minor springs identified in this basin. The total number of springs identified by the USGS varies from 79 to 91, depending on the database reference. Section 3.13 DRAFT Upper San Pedro Basin 544 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.13-5 Springs in the Upper San Pedro Basin A. Major Springs (10 gpm or greater): Location Latitude Discharge 1 Longitude (in gpm) Garden Canyon No. 1 312807 1102132 134 2/11/1963 2 Huachuca Canyon 313103 1102318 1083 1958-1963 3 Unnamed2 313044 1102327 100 4/3/1941 4 Miller Canyon2 312516 1101554 973 1973-1977 5 Garden Canyon No. 2 312728 1102155 76 1/8/1963 6 Lewis North 313456 1100819 45 6/30/2005 7 Hooker's Hot 322018 1101421 40 On or before 1982 8 Murray 313425 1101023 26 6/30/2005 9 Spring No. 3A2 313028 1102441 10 4/19/1960 10 Tree Root2 313029 1102442 10 4/19/1960 11 Spring No. 1 313102 1102315 10 4/3/1941 12 Unnamed (multiple) 322050 1101422 10 On or before 1982 Map Key Name 1 Date Discharge Measured B. Minor Springs (1 to 10 gpm): Location Latitude Discharge 1 Longitude (in gpm) 330436 1095904 7 On or before 1982 Kiper 320309 1102340 5 5/17/1951 Pena Blanca 312321 1100530 4 4/17/1946 Kino 313340 1102631 4 3/30/1960 Unnamed 320316 1102233 2 10/12/1950 Name Unnamed 2 Date Discharge Measured C. Total number of springs, regardless of discharge, identified by USGS (see ALrIS, 2005 and NHD, 2006): 79 to 91 Notes: Most recent measurement identified by ADWR 2 Spring not displayed on current USGS topo map 3 Average discharge 1 545 Section 3.13 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.13 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT n gs C a n GRAHAM COUNTY T12S n yo Hot S p r i 7 12 T14S As h San Ped Cr ek e PIMA COUNTY iv er ro R T16S 10 Benson Whetstone T18S 90 COCHISE COUNTY 80 PIMA COUNTY Tombstone 82 T20S Bab o co m ari R r iv e 6 SANTA CRUZ COUNTY 8 Sierra Vista 90 83 2 Sa n P 3 11 9 10 Rams ey G yon Ca iv e r R18E an nC e d 5 ar oR e dr 1 nyon Ca T22S Mi ll e r Bisbee on ny 4 92 T24S 83 R20E R22E MEXICO R24E Springs 0 6 12 Miles Intermittent Streams Perennial Streams COUNTY O c ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Stream Data Source: AGFD, 1993 & 1997 Brown and Carmony,1981 Figure 3.13-5 Upper San Pedro Basin Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major (>10 gpm) Springs International Boundary Interstate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place 1 546 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.13.6 Groundwater Conditions of the Upper San Pedro Basin Major aquifers, well yields, estimated natural recharge, estimated water in storage, number of index wells and date of last water-level sweep are shown in Table 3.13-6. Figure 3.13-6 shows aquifer flow direction and water-level change between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004. Figure 3.13-7 contains hydrographs for selected wells shown on Figure 3.13-6. Figure 3.13-8 shows well yields in five yield categories. A description of aquifer data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.2. A description of well data sources and methods, including water-level changes and well yields is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.19. Major Aquifers • Refer to Table 3.13-6 and Figure 3.13-6. • The major aquifers in the basin are basin fill, consisting of younger basin fill, older basin fill and basal conglomerate, and recent stream alluvium. • The basin fill is the principal aquifer although the stream alluvium is also utilized. • Artesian conditions exist primarily in the vicinity of Benson. • Flow direction is generally from south to north. Well Yields • Refer to Table 3.13-6 and Figure 3.13-8. • As shown on Figure 3.13-8 well yields in this basin range from less than 100 gallons per minute (gpm) to more than 2,000 gpm. • One source of well yield information, based on 353 reported wells, indicates that the median well yield in this basin is 600 gpm. • Well yields vary throughout the basin. Natural Recharge • Refer to Table 3.13-6. • The principal sources of recharge for this basin are mountain-front recharge and streambed infiltration. • The most recent natural recharge estimate, from a 2005 ADWR study, is 35,750 acre-feet per year. Water in Storage • Refer to Table 3.13-6. • There are four storage estimates for this basin ranging from 19.8 million to 59 million acrefeet. • The most recent storage estimate, from a 2005 ADWR study, is between 19.8 million and 26.1 million acre-feet to a depth of 1,200 feet. • The predevelopment storage estimate for this basin is 35 million acre-feet Water Level • Refer to Figure 3.13-6. Water levels are shown for wells measured in 2003-2004. • The Department annually measures 59 index wells in this basin. • In 2001, the year of the last water level sweep, 736 wells were measured. Section 3.13 DRAFT Upper San Pedro Basin 547 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 • • • • 548 Deep water levels are found in the vicinity of Sierra Vista with water levels as deep as 585 feet measured in 2003-2004. Shallow water levels are found near the Mexico border in the vicinity of Highway 92 with levels as shallow as 10 feet in 2003-2004. Change in water levels varies across the basin from a 15 foot increase to a more than 30 foot decrease. In general, declines of one to 15 feet were observed in the Sierra Vista and Benson areas. Hydrographs corresponding to selected wells shown on Figure 3.13-6 but covering a longer time period are shown in Figure 3.13-7. Section 3.13 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.13-6 Groundwater Data for the Upper San Pedro Basin Basin Area, in square miles: 1,825 Name and/or Geologic Units Recent Stream Alluvium Major Aquifer(s): Basin Fill Range 14 - 981 Median 335 (39 wells measured) Range 3 - 3,800 Median 600 (353 wells reported) Well yields, in gal/min: Measured by ADWR and/or USGS Reported on registration forms for large (> 10-inch) diameter wells Range 100 - 2,800 ADWR (1994) Range 0 - 2,500 Anning and Duet, USGS (1994) 35,750 ADWR (2005) 21,000,000 - 59,000,000 (to 1,200 ft/not given) ADWR (1990 and 1994) 35,000,0001 (to 1,200 ft) Freethey and Anderson (1986) 48,000,000 (to 1,200 ft) Arizona Water Commission (1975) 19,800,000 - 26,100,000 (to 1,200 ft) ADWR, Upper San Pedro report, (2005) estimated Natural recharge, in acre-feet/year: estimated Water Currently in Storage, in acre-feet: Current Number of Index Wells: 59 Date of Last Water-level Sweep: 2001 (736 wells measured) Notes: Predevelopment Estimate 1 Section 3.13 DRAFT Upper San Pedro Basin 549 GRAHAM COUNTY Greater than -30 Between -30 and -15 Between -15 and -1 Between -1 and +1 Between +1 and +15 Change Data Not Available T12S Generalized Flow Direction Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments COUNTY International Boundary Interstate Highway Major Road T14S City, Town or Place A PIMA COUNTY T16S B 82 D Benson 10 238 C E 546 520 36 Whetstone 52 F 34 246 367 80 T18S COCHISE COUNTY 88 G 612 H 220 90 136 I Tombstone 15 100 222 297 82 15 33 414 82 22 T20S 8 102 212 SANTA CRUZ COUNTY 16 19 29 233 230 248 95 J 295 125 68 180 302 238 445 300 442 536 Sierra Vista 83 121 74 K 585 5, 8 186 N 380 183 553 276 39 422 372 417 T22S M 90 5 128 L P 200 206 48 O 37 R18E 18 135 105 Bisbee 18 62 Q 233 R 16 10 T24S 215 T 19 92 S 83 41 R20E 0 c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES R22E 6 12 Miles Figure 3.13-6 Upper San Pedro Basin Groundwater Conditions MEXICO R24E Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.13 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT Water-level change in feet between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004 H number is depth to water in feet 375 letter is hydrograph 550 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 UPPER SAN PEDRO Figure 3.13-7 BASIN Upper San Pedro Basin DEPTH HYDROGRAPHS SHOWING Hydrographs ShowingIN Depth to Water WELLS in Selected Wells TO WATER SELECTED 350 A WELL DEPTH: 430 ft USE: STOCK basin fill D-14-22 34BDC 400 Depth To Water In Feet Below Land Surface 1975 50 100 525 B 1985 WELL DEPTH: 156 ft USE: IRRIGATION 1975 C 1995 2005 recent stream alluvium D-16-20 34ACB 1985 1995 WELL DEPTH: 670 ft USE: UNUSED 2005 basin fill D-17-19 14ACA 575 1975 200 D 1985 1995 WELL DEPTH: 270 ft USE: STOCK 2005 basin fill D-17-21 05CCA 250 1975 1985 1995 2005 YEAR Section 3.13 DRAFT Upper San Pedro Basin 551 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 (Con’t.) UPPERFigure SAN 3.13-7 PEDRO BASIN Upper San Pedro Basin HYDROGRAPHS SHOWING DEPTH Hydrographs Showing Depth to Water in Selected Wells TO WATER IN SELECTED WELLS E 500 WELL DEPTH: 600 ft USE: STOCK basin fill D-17-22 17DAA 550 Depth To Water In Feet Below Land Surface 1975 0 F 1985 1995 WELL DEPTH: 60 ft USE: DOMESTIC 2005 recent stream alluvium D-18-21 06AAB2 50 1975 575 G 1985 1995 WELL DEPTH: UNKNOWN USE: UNUSED 2005 basin fill D-18-23 32DBB 625 200 1975 1985 H WELL DEPTH: 253 ft USE: STOCK 1975 1985 1995 2005 basin fill D-19-21 12DBB2 250 1995 2005 YEAR 552 Section 3.13 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 UPPER SAN PEDRO BASIN Figure 3.13-7 (Con’t.) HYDROGRAPHS SHOWING DEPTH Upper San Pedro Basin TO WATER IN Depth SELECTED WELLS Hydrographs Showing to Water in Selected Wells 200 I WELL DEPTH: 300 ft USE: DOMESTIC 1975 1985 J WELL DEPTH: 807 ft USE: UNUSED 1975 1985 basin fill D-20-20 07BDB Depth To Water In Feet Below Land Surface 250 275 1995 2005 basin fill D-21-20 16AAC1 325 250 K 1995 WELL DEPTH: 620 ft USE: PUBLIC SUPPLY 2005 basin fill D-21-21 31BDC 300 350 1975 L 375 1985 1995 WELL DEPTH: 795 ft USE: PUBLIC SUPPLY 2005 basin fill D-22-20 24AAA2 425 1975 1985 1995 2005 YEAR Section 3.13 DRAFT Upper San Pedro Basin 553 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Figure 3.13-7 (Con’t) UPPER SAN PEDRO BASIN Upper San Pedro Basin HYDROGRAPHS SHOWING DEPTH Hydrographs Showing Depth to Water in Selected Wells TO WATER IN SELECTED WELLS 100 M WELL DEPTH: 180 ft USE: DOMESTIC basin fill D-22-21 23CBA 150 Depth To Water In Feet Below Land Surface 1975 0 N 1985 1995 WELL DEPTH: 34.5 ft USE: UNUSED 2005 recent stream alluvium D-22-22 06AAA1 UNSURV 50 1975 100 O 150 1975 200 1985 1995 2005 WELL DEPTH: 185 ft USE: DOMESTIC basin fill D-23-21 12DDC 1985 P WELL DEPTH: 220 ft USE: UNUSED 1975 1985 1995 2005 basin fill D-23-22 02AAB 250 1995 2005 YEAR In Hydrograph N UNSURV indicates there is no land survey for the area the well is in, and the coordinates are projected based on latitude and longitude. 554 Section 3.13 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Figure (Con’t) UPPER SAN3.13-7 PEDRO BASIN Upper San Pedro Basin HYDROGRAPHS SHOWING DEPTH Hydrographs Showing Depth to Water in Selected Wells TO WATER IN SELECTED WELLS 50 Q WELL DEPTH: 795 ft USE: PUBLIC SUPPLY basin fill D-23-22 16BDD 100 Depth To Water In Feet Below Land Surface 1975 0 R 1985 1995 WELL DEPTH: 91.5 ft USE: MONITORING 2005 recent stream alluvium D-23-22 33DCD2 50 1975 0 S 1985 1995 2005 basin fill D-24-22 20BBA WELL DEPTH: 272 ft USE: UNUSED 50 200 1975 1985 T WELL DEPTH: 250 ft USE: DOMESTIC 1975 1985 1995 2005 basin fill D-24-23 06AAA1 250 1995 2005 YEAR Section 3.13 DRAFT Upper San Pedro Basin 555 GRAHAM COUNTY Greater than 2000 gals/min Between 1000 and 2000 gals/min Between 500 and 1000 gals/min T12S Between 100 and 500 gals/min Less than 100 gals/min Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments COUNTY International Boundary Interstate Highway Major Road T14S City, Town or Place PIMA COUNTY T16S 10 Whetstone Benson T18S COCHISE COUNTY 80 90 PIMA COUNTY Tombstone 82 T20S SANTA CRUZ COUNTY Sierra Vista 90 83 T22S Bisbee R18E 92 T24S 83 R20E 0 c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES R22E 6 12 Miles Figure 3.13-8 Upper San Pedro Basin Well Yields MEXICO R24E Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.13 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT Well Yields 556 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.13.7 Water Quality of the Upper San Pedro Basin Drinking water standard exceedences in wells, springs and mine sites including location and parameter(s) exceeded are shown in Table 3.13-7A. Impaired lakes and streams with site type, name, length of impaired stream reach, area of impaired lake, designated use standard and parameter(s) exceeded is shown in Table 3.13-7B. Figure 3.13-9 shows the location of exceedences and impairment keyed to Table 3.13-7. A description of water quality data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.18. Not all parameters were measured at all sites; selective sampling for particular constituents is common. Wells, Springs and Mines • Refer to Table 3.13-7A. • Drinking water standard exceedences in wells, springs and at mine sites have been reported for 68 sites in the basin. • The most frequently exceeded parameters in the sites measured in this basin were arsenic and fluoride. • South of Sierra Vista along Highway 92, the parameter exceeded was cadmium. • Other parameters exceeded in the sites measured in this basin included lead, nitrates, beryllium, mercury and total dissolved solids. Lakes and Streams • Refer to Table 3.13-7B. • Water quality standards were exceeded in three reaches of the San Pedro River. • The parameter exceeded was different for each reach; E. coli, nitrates and copper. • The longest impaired reach was 28 miles. • Two of the three impaired stream reaches, San Pedro River from the Mexican border to Charleston and from Babocomari to Dragoon Wash, are part of the ADEQ water quality improvement effort called the Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) program. Sampling to create a TMDL report is ongoing. • There is one effluent dependent reach, Walnut Gulch, in the vicinity of Tombstone. Section 3.13 DRAFT Upper San Pedro Basin 557 558 Site Type Spring Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Map Key 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Township 13 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 15 South 16 South 16 South 16 South 17 South 17 South 17 South 17 South 17 South 17 South 17 South 17 South 17 South 17 South 17 South 17 South 17 South 17 South 17 South 17 South 17 South 17 South 17 South 17 South 17 South A. Wells, Springs and Mines range 21 East 21 East 21 East 22 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 22 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 21 East 21 East 21 East Site Location Section 6 6 6 33 31 34 34 15 2 4 9 9 11 11 13 15 16 16 17 22 22 22 23 36 36 36 20 29 31 Section 3.13 Parameter(s) exceeding Drinking Water Standard2 As As As As, Cd, Pb As, F As As F TDS As As As As, F F F As As As As As, F As As, F F NO3 F As F F As, F Table 3.13-7 Water Quality exceedences in the Upper San Pedro Basin1 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.13 DRAFT Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 Upper San Pedro Basin Site Type Map Key Township 17 South 18 South 18 South 18 South 18 South 18 South 18 South 18 South 18 South 18 South 18 South 18 South 18 South 18 South 18 South 18 South 18 South 19 South 19 South 19 South 19 South 20 South 20 South 20 South 20 South 20 South 20 South 21 South 21 South A. Wells, Springs and Mines (con't.) range 21 East 19 East 20 East 21 East 21 East 21 East 21 East 21 East 21 East 21 East 21 East 21 East 21 East 21 East 21 East 21 East 23 East 21 East 22 East 22 East 22 East 19 East 20 East 20 East 22 East 22 East 22 East 20 East 20 East Site Location Section 31 2 1 6 7 7 7 7 8 9 10 10 16 17 21 28 32 36 27 27 27 24 6 7 1 1 11 16 22 Parameter(s) exceeding Drinking Water Standard2 NO3 F As As, F As, Be, F As, Be, F As, Be, F F F As As, F As, F F F F As F As As As As Pb Hg Hg As As As, NO3 Pb Pb Table 3.13-7 Water Quality exceedences in the Upper San Pedro Basin1 559 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 560 Well NR Spring Well Well Well Well Well Well Well 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 Site Type Stream Stream Map Key a b 9 16 San Pedro River (Babocomari Creek to Dragoon Wash) San Pedro River (Dragoon Wash to Tres Alamos Wash) 21 East 18 East 19 East 20 East 21 East 21 East 21 East 21 East 22 East 24 East Length of Impaired Stream reach (in 21 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 23 South 23 South 23 South 23 South 23 South 24 South Township Site Location range Site Name B. Lakes and Streams Site Type Map Key A. Wells, Springs and Mines (con't.) NA NA Area of Impaired Lake (in acres) 33 35 14 12 7 7 18 18 33 4 Section A&W FBC Designated Use Standard3 Section 3.13 NO3 E. coli Parameter(s) exceeding Use NO3 Cd, Cu, Pb Pb Cd Cd Cd Cd Cd Pb TDS Parameter(s) exceeding 2 Drinking Water Standard Table 3.13-7 Water Quality exceedences in the Upper San Pedro Basin1 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.13 DRAFT Stream c Length of Impaired Stream reach (in miles) 28 Site Name San Pedro River (Mexico border to Charleston) NA Area of Impaired Lake (in acres) A&W Designated Use Standard3 Upper San Pedro Basin Notes: Because of map scale, feature locations may appear different than the location indicated on the table NR = Information not available to ADWR NA = Not applicable 1 Water quality samples collected between 1977 and 2004. 2 As = Arsenic Be = Beryllium Cd = Cadmium Cu = Copper F= Fluoride Pb = Lead Hg = Mercury NO3 = Nitrate/Nitrite TDS = Total Dissolved Solids 3 A&W = Aquatic and Wildlife FBC = Full Body Contact Site Type Map Key B. Lakes and Streams (con't.) Cu Parameter(s) exceeding Use Standard2 Table 3.13-7 Water Quality exceedences in the Upper San Pedro Basin1 561 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.13 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT GRAHAM COUNTY T12S 12 3 4 T14S PIMA COUNTY 5 8 b T16S 6 7 10 11 9 10 13 14 27 16 15 Whetstone 20 19 18 21 30 22 23 28 24 25 29 26 31 32 33 38 39 40, 41 37 42 34 35 T18S 44 COCHISE 36 43 90 COUNTY 45 Benson 12 17 46 80 a 48 49 50 54 47 53 52 Gulch nut Wal Tombstone 82 51 T20S SANTA CRUZ COUNTY 55 56 57 58 59 83 62 Sierra Vista 90 61 T22S c 60 63 R18E 64 65 Bisbee 66 67 92 68 83 T24S R20E R22E MEXICO R24E Well , Spring or Mine Site with Recorded MCL Exceedence 0 6 12 Miles Effluent Dependent Reach Impaired Stream or Lake Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Figure 3.13-9 Upper San Pedro Basin Water Quality Conditions COUNTY International Boundary Interstate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place 1 a 562 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.13.8 Cultural Water Demands in the Upper San Pedro Basin Cultural water demand data including population, number of wells and the average well pumpage and surface water diversions by the municipal, industrial and agricultural sectors are shown in Table 3.13-8. Effluent generation including facility ownership, location, population served and not served, volume treated, disposal method and treatment level is shown on Table 3.13-9. Figure 3.13-10 shows the location of demand centers. A description of cultural water demand data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.5. More detailed information on cultural water demands is found in Section 3.0.7. Cultural Water Demands • • • • • • • • • • • Refer to Table 3.13-8 and Figure 3.13-10. Population has increased by about 1,200 residents a year from 1980 to 2000. Projections suggest the annual growth rate will decrease through 2050. This basin includes the largest population as well as the fastest growing population in the planning area. Total groundwater use increased from 1971 to 1985 and has remained relatively constant since 1986, with an average of 34,600 acre-feet pumped per year in the period from 20012003. Total current surface water diversions are estimated to be comparable to historic diversion volumes with approximately 4,500 acre-feet per year diverted in the period from 1991 – 2003. However, actual diversions have not been consistently reported. Over 90% of the surface water diversions are for agriculture, however, over 75% of the agricultural water supply is groundwater. The majority of agricultural lands are in the vicinity of Benson. Most high intensity municipal and industrial demand is found near the population centers of Sierra Vista, Benson, Tombstone and Bisbee/San Jose. Municipal demand constitutes over half of the total groundwater use in the period from 1996-2003. There is one large inactive mine, the Copper Queen, in the vicinity of Bisbee, and at least two small sand and gravel pits in the vicinity of Sierra Vista. All industrial water supply is groundwater. As of 2003 there were 4,769 registered wells with a pumping capacity of less than or equal to 35 gallons per minute and 269 wells with a pumping capacity of more than 35 gallons per minute. Effluent Generation • Refer to Table 3.13-9. • There are 11 wastewater treatment facilities in the basin. • 10 of these facilities serve communities and one is used for industrial purposes. • The three Bisbee wastewater facilities were recently consolidated into one new facility at San Jose. This new treatment facility has the capacity to treat 0.81 million gallons of wastewater per day. Section 3.13 DRAFT Upper San Pedro Basin 563 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 • • • • • 564 Over 55,000 people are served by these facilities. More than 5,000 acre-feet of effluent per year are generated in this basin. Three facilities discharged wastewater for irrigation in 2002 or 2003 but recent treatment facility consolidations in Bisbee will affect disposal methods. Two facilities discharge wastewater for golf course irrigation. Discharge from two facilities recharges the aquifer. Both are designed for the purpose of groundwater recharge. The Sierra Vista facility is permitted by the Department as an Underground Storage Facility and the Fort Huachuca Facility is not. Section 3.13 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 1 Table 3.13-8 Cultural Water Demands in the Upper San Pedro Basin year recent Average Annual Demand (in acre-feet) Number of registered Water (Census) and Supply Wells Drilled Well Pumpage Surface-Water Diversions Projected (DeS) Q < 35 gpm Q > 35 gpm Municipal Industrial Irrigation Municipal Industrial Irrigation Population 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 50,999 1981 52,215 1982 53,431 1983 54,647 1984 55,863 1985 57,079 1986 58,295 1987 59,511 1988 60,727 1989 61,943 1990 63,159 1991 64,645 1992 66,130 1993 67,615 1994 69,101 1995 70,586 1996 72,071 1997 73,557 1998 75,042 1999 76,528 2000 78,013 2001 79,183 2002 80,353 2003 81,524 2010 89,715 2020 96,354 2030 101,634 2040 105,699 109,896 2050 ADDITIONAL WELLS: 3 WELL TOTALS: 2,0592 40,500 4,500 53,500 4,500 Data Source 4962 ADWR (1994) ADWR (2005) 586 70 55,500 4,500 427 19 35,500 4,500 548 21 15,500 1,900 16,500 <300 NR 4,300 715 13 17,500 2,000 15,000 <300 NR 4,300 239 4 18,000 2,100 14,500 <300 NR 4,300 195 4,769 6 629 USGS (2005) ADWR (2005) Notes: NR = Not reported. 1 Does not include evaporation losses from stockponds and reservoirs. 2 Includes all wells through June 1980. 3 Other water-supply wells are listed in the ADWR Well Registry for this basin, but they do not have completion dates. These wells are summed here. Section 3.13 DRAFT Upper San Pedro Basin 565 Ft.Huachuca Huachuca City Bisbee Sierra Vista Sierra Vista Tombstone US Army City of Huachuca City City of Bisbee Naco SD City of Bisbee City of Sierra Vista Private City of Tombstone City of Bisbee Fort Huachuca WWTP Huachuca City Mule Gulch WWTF Naco WWTF San Jose WWTF Sierra Vista WWTP Southland Sanitation Tombstone WWTP Warren WWTF Bisbee Naco 5,230 146 2,1002 55,730 112 34 1,465 NA 2,800 146 1,0002 36,000 83 146 1,8002 846 150 1,053 8,4141 600 560 NA Volume Treated/Generated (acre-feet/year) 3,505 NA Population Served 566 Notes: NA: Data not currently available to ADWR WWTF: Wastewater Treatment Facility WWTP: Wastewater Treatment Plant SD: Sanitation District Adv Tr l: Advanced treatment level l Adv. Tr. ll: Advanced treatment level ll 1 Population varies due to temporary residents 2 Population numbers from Upper San Pedro Active Management Area Review Report, ADWR, March 2005 3 Bisbee's total unsewered population is 1,190 Total Benson Town of Benson Benson WWTF Bisbee Industrial Facility Private Apache Nitrogen Products City/Location Served Ownership facility Name Walnut Gulch Mule Gulch (Douglas Basin) Watercourse X X X X X X X X X Mountain View San Pedro Golf evaporation Irrigation Course/Turf Pond Irrigation X X Wildlife Area Disposal Method Table 3.13-9 effluent Generation in the Upper San Pedro Basin Discharge to Another facility X X Secondary Secondary Secondary Secondary Secondary Secondary Secondary Adv.Tr.ll Adv.Trt.I Section 3.13 Groundwater recharge Current Treatment Level 2002 2002 NA ____ 3 2003 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT NA 2002 2002 ____ 3 4,800 2000 2002 2000 2003 2003 year of record NA ____ 3 80 NA 1,206 NA Population Not Served Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.13 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT GRAHAM COUNTY T12S T14S PIMA COUNTY T16S Benson 10 Whetstone T18S COCHISE COUNTY 80 Tombstone 82 T20S SANTA CRUZ COUNTY 90 83 Sierra Vista T22S R18E Bisbee 92 T24S 83 R22E R20E MEXICO R24E Demand Centers 0 6 12 Miles Agriculture M&I - High Intensity M&I - Low Intensity Large Mine Small Mine/Quarry c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Primary Data Source: USGS National Gap Analysis Program, 2004 Figure 3.13-10 Upper San Pedro Basin Cultural Water Demands COUNTY Interstate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place 567 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.13.9 Water Adequacy Determinations in the Upper San Pedro Basin Water adequacy determination information including the subdivision name, location, number of lots, adequacy determination, reason for the inadequacy determination, date of determination and subdivision water provider are shown in Table 3.13-10. Figure 3.13-11 shows the locations of subdivisions keyed to the Table. A description of the Adequacy Program is found in Volume 1, Appendix A. Adequacy determination data sources and methods are found in Volume 1, Sections 1.3.1. • • • • • A total of 185 water adequacy determinations have been made through May, 2005. 54 determinations of inadequacy have been made, most are in the vicinity of Sierra Vista and Bisbee. In 1984, the Department began issuing determinations of inadequate water supply in the Sierra Vista Sub-basin in the Upper San Pedro River Watershed due to lack of legal availability. At that time, the Gila River adjudication drew into question whether water withdrawn from certain wells would be considered groundwater or surface water. In 1993, the Department reexamined its position and determined that legal availability is based on the current legal right to use the water, and not on an adjudication determination that has yet to be made. Therefore, since 1993, the Department has not issued determinations that water supplies are inadequate in the Sierra Vista Sub-basin solely for lack of legal availability related to the possible future decisions in the Gila River adjudication Other reasons for an inadequacy determination were because the applicant chose not to submit necessary information and/or available hydrologic data was insufficient to make a determination and water quality. All lots receiving an adequacy determination are in Cochise County. Of the 22,508 lots, 14,038 or 76% were determined to be adequate. Section 3.13 DRAFT Upper San Pedro Basin 568 569 Circle G at Ramsey Ranch Circle S Ranches Cochise Commercial Center Cochise Terrace 16 17 18 19 Corona del Sol Coronado Estates Cottonwoods of San Pedro Coventry Estates 27 28 24 26 Copper Sky Estates 23 25 Compass Point Copper Pointe Estates 22 Cochise Vista Cimmaron Place 15 Cochise Vista Condominiums Charleston Village 14 21 Chaparral Village North 13 20 Casitas Place # 2 Carmel Casitas Place Condominiums Canyon de Flores Phase 2 9 10 12 Cochise Canyon de Flores Phase 1 - F 11 Cochise Canyon de Flores Phase 1 - E 8 Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise 7 Campus Drive Business Park 4 Cochise Cochise Canyon de Flores Phase 1 - C Campstone 3 Canyon de Flores Phase 1 - D Buena Vista Ranchettes 2 Cochise 5 Buena Loma # 112 1 County 6 Subdivision Name Map Key 21 South 23 South 20 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 23 South 22 South 20 South 17 South 22 South 23 South 23 South 21 South 21 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 21 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 21 South 21 South 17 South 22 South Township 20 East 22 East 20 East 21 East 20 East 20 East 22 East 21 East 20 East 20 East 21 East 21 East 21 East 20 East 21 East 21 East 21 East 21 East 21 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 21 East 20 East 19 East 21 East range Location 34 16 18, 19 7 11, 12 12 19 7 31 18 7 17 6 35 29 5 6 6 31 23, 24 24 24 24 24 31 5, 6, 7 5 7 Section 20 90 7 9 180 52 20 17 45 55 15 36 437 47 185 549 40 40 54 355 61 52 64 69 18 27 20 7 No. of Lots 22-400744 22-400729 22-400685 22-300410 2-401496 22-400847 22-400908 22-400842 22-400686 22-400659 22-400597 22-400029 ADWr file 2 No. Adequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Inadequate Inadequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Inadequate Inadequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate ADWr Adequacy Determination A1,B B B B B B B B B B reason(s) for Inadequacy 3 Determination Table 3.13-10 Adequacy Determinations in the Upper San Pedro Basin1 11/04/83 02/01/94 03/20/89 12/17/84 07/15/02 10/22/02 04/02/02 08/11/83 06/25/73 01/20/98 03/21/86 12/12/89 02/24/95 12/06/04 11/03/93 12/05/02 05/26/83 06/24/85 03/03/87 06/02/03 11/04/02 05/08/02 01/16/02 09/27/01 03/10/99 08/17/87 07/16/87 02/07/85 Date of Determination Section 3.13 Bella Vista Water Company, Inc. Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT Dry Lot Subdivision Cochise Water Company Arizona Water Company Sierra Vista Pueblo del Sol Water Company Arizona Water Company Dry Lot Subdivision Pueblo del Sol Water Company Town of Huachuca City City of Benson Bella Vista Water Company, Inc. Pueblo del Sol Water Company Pueblo del Sol Water Company Pueblo del Sol Water Company Pueblo del Sol Water Company Pueblo Del Sol Water Company Bella Vista Water Company, Inc. Bella Vista Water Company, Inc. Southwest Water Company Bella Vista Water Company Bella Vista Water Company, Inc. Bella Vista Water Company East Slope Water Company Horseshoe Ranch Water Company Pueblo del Sol Water Company Town of Huachuca City Dry Lot Subdivision Pueblo del Sol Water Company Water Provider at the Time of Application Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.13 DRAFT Gatewood Golden Acres Commercial #1 42 43 Golden Vistas Golden Vistas, Phase 2 & 3 Grandeur Carmel Greenbriar Estates, Lots 1 - 32 Greenways, The Heritage Park Highland Park Estates Hobby Horse Ranch Hodgins Acres 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 Upper San Pedro Basin Golden Meadows # 3 46 45 44 Foothills Ranch, # 4, 5, 6 41 Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise County Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Golden Acres Mobile Home Park Cochise #2 Golden Acres Mobile Home Park Cochise #3 Fairway Villas Foothills Ranch Executive Acres 38 40 El Rancho Estates 37 39 Eagle Ridge # 1 Desert Shadows # 2A & 2B 34 Eagle Ridge # 2 Desert Mist Commerce Center 33 35 Deer Ridge Estates 32 36 Crestview Crossroads Commerce Center 31 Covey Run 29 30 Subdivision Name Map Key 20 South 22 South 22 South 17 South 22 South 22 South 21 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 21 South 23 South 23 South 22 South 23 South 23 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 23 South 21 South 23 South 23 South Township 20 East 21 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 21 East 21 East 21 East 21 East 21 East 21 East 21 East 20 East 21 East 21 East 20 East 20 East 24 East 20 East 20 East 21 East 21 East 21 East 21 East 24 East 21 East range Location 7 23, 26 11, 12, 20 4 13 13 31 29 30 30 19 19 19 35 18 7 13 1 29 24 24 5 5 27 31 29 21 Section 129 35 110 89 21 32 54 120 59 8 278 27 9 75 53 49 35 26 39 155 59 84 NA 20 19 54 26 No. of Lots 22-300035 22-400710 22-300274 22-400319 22-300049 22-401533 22-300294 22-400501 22-401507 ADWr file 2 No. Inadequate Adequate Adequate Inadequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate Adequate Adequate Inadequate Adequate ADWr Adequacy Determination B A1, B B B A1 A1 B B B B A1 reason(s) for Inadequacy 3 Determination Table 3.13-10 Adequacy Determinations in the Upper San Pedro Basin (con't.)1 07/17/90 07/20/95 05/08/02 07/31/84 11/23/81 04/11/97 10/26/93 07/14/00 03/29/96 08/09/79 06/17/74 07/21/81 07/22/76 11/05/04 01/31/95 10/28/92 04/13/93 05/02/85 07/10/89 07/09/87 10/14/86 01/07/93 03/09/89 05/07/97 05/08/01 06/08/93 11/14/05 Date of Determination Whetstone Water Improvement District Dry Lot Subdivision Arizona Water Company Konen Water Company Bella Vista Water Company Bella Vista Water Company Southland Utilities Company Southland Utilities Company Southland Utilities Company Southland Utilities Company Southland Utilities Company Southland Utilities Company Bella Vista Water Company, Inc. Pueblo del Sol Water Company Pueblo del Sol Water Company Nicksville Water Company Pueblo del Sol Water Company Dry Lot Subdivision Arizona Water Company Bella Vista Water Company, Inc. Bella Vista Water Company, Inc. Pueblo del Sol Water Company Pueblo del Sol Water Company Dry Lot Subdivision Bella Vista Water Company, Inc. Arizona Water Company Dry Lot Subdivision Water Provider at the Time of Application 570 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 571 Cochise Horseshoe Ranch Mobile Home Estates Huachuca Commercial Center Huachuca Commercial Center B Cochise 57 58 59 64 Miracle Valley Mission Coronado Estates Mission Hills Estates Mission Shadows Montebello 80 81 82 Mesa Verde/Mountain View 77 79 Mesa Verde Estates 76 78 Meadows, The Mesa Mountain Northeast McCormick Place 73 75 Los Ranchos Subdivision 72 74 Loma Catarina London Square # 2 69 71 Linda Vista 68 70 Legends at Valiente I Legends at Valiente II 67 La Terraza Phase B Kinjockity Ranch 63 La Terraza, Phase C Ironhorse Village 62 66 Huachuca Terrace 61 65 Cochise Huachuca Mountain Village, A&B Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Huachuca Mountain Estates 60 Cochise Cochise Holiday at Pueblo Del Sol 56 County Subdivision Name Map Key 21 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 23 South 22 South 22 South 21 South 22 South 22 South 23 South 21 South 17 South 23 South 21 South 21 South 22 South 22 South 23 South 17 South 23 South 22 South 22 South 21 South 20 South 23 South 22 South Township 21 East 20 East 21 East 21 East 22 East 21 East 21 East 21 East 20 East 21 East 21 East 20 East 20 East 21 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 21 East 20 East 24 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 21 East 21 East 21 East range Location 31 13 7 19 31 5 5 33 3 6 25, 26 34 15 8 35 35 23 24 33 16 29 10 10 5, 6 31 17 19 Section 39 71 129 97 23 127 66 20 273 4 70 42 20 76 100 104 28 32 281 48 9 208 370 NA NA 68 191 No. of Lots 22-300271 22-401257 22-400238 22-401583 22-401337 22-401003 22-400712 22-401824 22-300394 22-401627 ADWr file 2 No. Adequate Inadequate Inadequate Adequate Inadequate Adequate Adequate Inadequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Inadequate Adequate Adequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate Adequate ADWr Adequacy Determination B B C B A1 D D B reason(s) for Inadequacy 3 Determination Table 3.13-10 Adequacy Determinations in the Upper San Pedro Basin (con't.)1 06/23/81 03/06/87 04/13/93 10/23/79 04/03/97 03/15/94 01/25/05 11/04/91 06/12/74 09/13/83 02/15/00 08/19/94 11/04/74 02/27/96 02/04/05 07/07/04 09/17/03 08/07/02 10/07/05 12/17/97 06/13/87 05/25/77 08/22/75 08/17/87 08/17/87 10/23/89 06/07/05 Date of Determination Section 3.13 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT Bella Vista Water Company Bella Vista Water Company Miracle Valley Water Company Southland Utilities Company Pueblo del Sol Water Company Pueblo del Sol Water Company Bella Vista Water Company Arizona Water Company Southwest Water Company Southwest Water Company Dry Lot Subdivision Bella Vista Water Company City of Benson Nicksville Water Company Bella Vista Water Company Pueblo Del Sol Water Company Pueblo Del Sol Water Company Bella Vista Water Company Bella Vista Water Company City of Benson Arizona Water Company Pueblo del Sol Water Company Arizona Water Company Town of Huachuca City Town of Huachuca City Pueblo Del Sol Water Company Horseshoe Ranch Water Company Water Provider at the Time of Application Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.13 DRAFT Mountain Shadows Mountain Shadows - A 84 85 Cochise Cochise Cochise County Pueblo del Sol Tract 110 Pueblo del Sol Tract 111 Pueblo del Sol Tract 112 Pueblo del Sol Tract 113 Pueblo del Sol Tract 115 Quail Hills Quail Hollow Quail Hollow # 2 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 Upper San Pedro Basin Pueblo del Sol Tract 109 101 Cochise Pueblo del Sol # 8 Pueblo del Sol # 7 98 Pueblo del Sol Co. Club Estate Pueblo del Sol # 5, # 6 97 99 Pueblo del Sol 96 100 Cochise Patton Subdivision 95 Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Ocotillo Villas Park Place Townhouses 94 Cochise 93 Cochise Cochise Oasis Condominiums Northpark 90 Cochise Ocotillo Terrace Subdivision, 1 - 22 Naco, Townsite 89 Cochise 92 Mustang Heights 88 Cochise 91 Mountain View Terrace 87 Mountain Shadows - F (revised) Cochise Mountain Ridge 83 86 Subdivision Name Map Key 21 South 21 South 21 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 21 South 23 South 21 South 21 South 22 South 21 South 24 South 20 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South Township 20 East 20 East 20 East 21 East 21 East 21 East 20 East 21 East 21 East 20 East 21 East 21 East 21 East 21 East 20 East 24 East 20 East 20 East 21 East 20 East 24 East 19 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East range Location 35 35 5, 8 7 7 7 13 5, 6, 7 6, 7 13 6, 7 5, 6 7 6 8 29 35 35 6 35 18, 19 14 13, 24 25, 26 25 24, 25 24 Section 5 148 50 360 506 37 278 178 124 1165 115 112 48 127 10 36 28 22 184 59 443 33 169 40 82 244 364 No. of Lots 22-300023 22-300422 22-300253 ADWr file 2 No. Adequate Adequate Adequate Inadequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Inadequate Adequate Adequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate Adequate Inadequate Adequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate ADWr Adequacy Determination B A1 B B A1 D B B B reason(s) for Inadequacy 3 Determination Table 3.13-10 Adequacy Determinations in the Upper San Pedro Basin (con't.)1 12/08/93 12/30/82 03/22/78 11/30/84 10/15/82 10/15/82 09/08/81 04/23/82 04/18/80 10/23/74 06/21/77 03/12/76 10/15/74 06/24/74 07/03/79 07/17/85 06/28/95 05/27/98 05/23/85 07/30/92 01/28/85 05/31/74 08/12/87 02/19/97 07/09/87 02/12/86 04/13/93 Date of Determination Bella Vista Water Company Bella Vista Water Company Town of Huachuca City Southwest Water Company Southwest Water Company Southwest Water Company Southwest Water Company Pueblo del Sol Water Company Southwest Water Company Southwest Water Company Pueblo del Sol Water Company Pueblo del Sol Water Company Pueblo del Sol Water Company Pueblo del Sol Water Company Town of Huachuca City Arizona Water Company Bella Vista Water Company Southwest Water Company Bella Vista Water Company Bella Vista Water Company Naco Water Compan Mustang Water Company Pueblo del Sol Water Company Pueblo del Sol Water Company Pueblo del Sol Water Company Pueblo del Sol Water Company Pueblo del Sol Water Company Water Provider at the Time of Application 572 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 573 Ranchos Carmella Estates Reflections at Valiente 115 116 Sierra Charles Condominiums Sierra Court 128 129 Sierra Vista Estates # 2 Sierra Vista Industrial Park Somerset 135 136 133 134 Sierra Springs Sierra Tacoma Condos 132 Sierra Grande Sierra Carmichael Condos 127 Sierra Shadows Sierra Bonita Ranches 126 131 Sierra Bonita Estates B 125 130 Si Tengo Sierra Bonita Estates 124 122 123 Sandalwood Seminole Winds 121 San Pedro Estates San Pedro Terrace 119 120 118 Remington Park West Subdivision Rincon View Subdivision, Lots 1 - 59 Ranchos Carmella # 3, 4 114 117 Ranchitos Los Alamos # 2 Rancho Arizona Subdivision Ranch, The 111 113 Radine Ridge 110 112 Subdivision Name Map Key Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise County 22 South 21 South 22 South 21 South 22 South 17 South 24 South 21 South 21 South 21 South 22 South 23 South 23 South 17 South 21 South 22 South 23 South 16 South 17 South 22 South 21 South 21 South 21 South 23 South 17 South 21 South 17 South Township 20 East 20 East 21 East 20 East 21 East 20 East 21 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 21 East 24 East 24 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 22 East 20 East 19 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 22 East 20 East 21 East 20 East range Location 1 31 31 34 6 15 3, 4, 10, 11 34 34 34 11 28 28 15 8 2 7 35 5, 8 11, 12 35 25 25 29 4 30 15 Section 16 34 4 76 70 6 5000 8 120 120 30 50 48 6 93 36 11 36 59 107 146 44 68 48 64 226 66 No. of Lots 22-300563 22-400937 22-400326 22-300117 22-401638 22-400865 22-400757 22-401584 22-401225 22-400537 ADWr file 2 No. Inadequate Adequate Inadequate Inadequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Inadequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate ADWr Adequacy Determination B B B B B C A1 B reason(s) for Inadequacy 3 Determination Table 3.13-10 Adequacy Determinations in the Upper San Pedro Basin (con't.)1 04/15/88 06/15/79 09/13/89 03/24/86 01/19/95 12/08/98 07/18/73 05/09/94 03/24/86 03/24/86 11/03/03 05/31/00 06/15/79 12/03/80 04/29/94 03/31/88 07/25/96 05/06/05 01/24/03 07/12/02 02/04/05 10/23/79 11/03/93 12/01/04 01/02/80 07/20/01 10/01/92 Date of Determination Section 3.13 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Company Bella Vista Water Company Bella Vista Water Company East Slope Water Company Bella Vista Water Company City of Benson Southwest Water Company Bella Vista Water Company Bella Vista Water Company Unformed Company by Developer Arizona Water Company Arizona Water Company Arizona Water Company City of Benson Town of Huachuca City Arizona Water Company Sierra Vista Mescal Lakes Water System Pomerene Domestic Water Improvement District San Pedro Terrace Homeowners Assoc. Bella Vista Water Company Bella Vista Water Company Bella Vista Water Company Bella Vista Water Company Dry Lot Subdivision K-7 Development, Inc. Bella Vista Water Company City of Benson Water Provider at the Time of Application Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.13 DRAFT Sulger City A Sulger City B Sulger City C Sulger City D Sulger City E 142 143 144 145 146 Cochise Tombstone Villas 151 152 Cochise Town & Country Estates # 8 Tract 114, Lots 1 - 35 Tract 117 South, Lots 1 - 67 Trinity Terrace, Lots 1 - 17 South Villa del Rio # 1 Villa del Rio # 2 158 159 160 161 162 163 Upper San Pedro Basin Cochise Town & Country Estates # 7 157 Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Town & Country Estates # 6 156 Cochise Cochise 155 # Town & Country Estates 5, 11, 12 154 Cochise Cochise Town & Country Estates Town & Country Estates # 3, 4 153 Cochise Tombstone Territorial Estates #1 Cochise Cochise Tierra Del Sol Estates Tombstone Territorial Estates 150 Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise 149 Summit, The Sulger City # 2 141 Tierra de Las Flores Strathan Addition 140 148 St. David Townsite 139 147 Cochise St. David Countryside Estates, 1 - 28 138 Cochise Cochise Sonora Verde Estates 137 County Subdivision Name Map Key 22 South 22 South 18 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 20 South 20 South 20 South 23 South 23 South 22 South 20 South 20 South 20 South 20 South 20 South 20 South 18 South 18 South 17 South 16 South Township 20 East 20 East 21 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 22 East 22 East 22 East 22 East 24 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 21 East 21 East 21 East 20 East range Location 3 3 16, 17 13 13 11 11 11 10, 11 11 11 2 1 1 17 33 11, 12 6 6 6 6 6 6 9 16 32 35 Section 67 20 17 67 35 52 87 99 183 90 80 114 19 419 8 142 NA 33 19 14 10 13 21 21 37 28 NA No. of Lots 22-300503 22-400207 22-300306 ADWr file 2 No. Inadequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Inadequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Inadequate Inadequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Inadequate Adequate Inadequate ADWr Adequacy Determination B A1 A1 D B B reason(s) for Inadequacy 3 Determination Table 3.13-10 Adequacy Determinations in the Upper San Pedro Basin (con't.)1 05/05/86 11/12/75 08/05/98 04/13/94 08/23/94 08/04/76 02/21/78 06/21/77 10/26/76 03/18/75 07/18/73 02/25/86 04/24/89 07/26/73 12/08/99 04/21/89 11/02/84 08/30/93 10/28/82 10/14/82 01/14/76 09/26/74 06/24/97 04/01/75 02/24/89 04/02/97 12/01/87 Date of Determination Southwest Water Company Southwest Water Company Dry Lot Subdivision Pueblo del Sol Water Company Pueblo del Sol Water Company Arizona Water Company Arizona Water Company Arizona Water Company Arizona Water Company Arizona Water Company Arizona Water Company City of Tombstone, City of Tombstone, City of Tombstone, Dry Lot Subdivision Arizona Water Company Arizona Water Company Sulger Water Company Dry Lot Subdivision Dry Lot Subdivision Windmil Water Company Watermill Water Company Sulger Water Company Saint David Water Association Stratman Water Company Pomerene Domestic Water Coop Saint David Water Association Water Provider at the Time of Application 574 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 575 Windsong Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise County 23 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 23 South 23 South 22 South 20 South 20 South 22 South 21 South 21 South 21 South 21 South 23 South 21 South 21 South 22 South 22 South 22 South 22 South Township 21 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 21 East 21 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 21 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 21 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 20 East 21 East range Location 4 14 13, 14 1 2 28 29 35 7 7 4 35 35 35 35 20 34 35 2 1 1 7 Section 30 438 287 158 65 79 77 114 15 38 356 105 122 73 67 44 28 79 162 40 141 4 No. of Lots 22-401852 22-401002 22-300166 22-300152 22-300076 22-300040 22-300377 22-400050 22-300285 ADWr file 2 No. Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Inadequate Inadequate ADWr Adequacy Determination B B reason(s) for Inadequacy 3 Determination 11/14/05 09/17/03 11/04/96 10/03/78 10/04/78 06/12/96 01/04/96 02/05/80 07/24/95 11/10/97 04/20/99 05/02/79 09/29/77 09/16/76 07/27/73 05/22/97 02/09/94 06/21/77 01/26/76 03/12/76 11/13/84 06/21/85 Date of Determination Pueblo del Sol Water Company Pueblo Del Sol Water Company Dry Lot Subdivision Arizona Water Company Bella Vista Water Company Bella Vista Water Company Bella Vista Water Company Whetstone Water Improvement District Whetstone Water Improvement District Antelope Run Water Company Bella Vista Water Company Bella Vista Water Company Bella Vista Water Company Bella Vista Water Company Bella Vista Water Company Bella Vista Water Company, Inc. Bella Vista Water Company Bella Vista Water Company Cochise Enterprises, Inc. Arizona Water Company Arizona Water Company Pueblo del Sol Water Company Water Provider at the Time of Application Section 3.13 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT Notes: 1 Each determination of the adequacy of water supplies available to a subdivision is based on the information available to ADWR and the standards of review and policies in effect at the time the determination was made. In some cases, ADWR might make a different determination if a similar application were submitted today, based on the hydrologic data and other information currently available, as well as current rules and policies. 2 Prior to February 1995, ADWR did not assign file numbers to applications for adequacy determination. 3 A. Physical/Continuous 1) Insufficient Data (applicant chose not to submit necessary information, and/or available hydrologic data insufficient to make determination) 2) Insufficient Supply (existing water supply unreliable or physically unavaible;for groundwater, depth-to-water exceeds criteria) 3) Insufficient Infrastructure (distribution system is insufficient to meet demands or applicant proposed water hauling) B. Legal (applicant failed to demonstrate a legal right to use the water or failed to demonstrate the provider's legal authority to serve the subdivision) C. Water Quality D. Unable to locate records NA= Data not currently available to ADWR 185 184 Winterhaven Country Club Estates Winterhaven, Phases 2E, 3, 4A and 5 Y-Lightning Subdivision 182 183 Windmere Subdivision White Wing 178 181 Whetstone Mesa Estates # 5 177 Wild Horse Whetstone Hills 176 Wild Horse # 9 Vistaview Estates 175 180 Vista Village # 6 174 179 Vista Village # 5 173 Villas San Luis 169 Vista Village # 3 Villas de San Andreas 168 172 Village, The 167 Vista del Oro Village Park 166 Vista Village # 2 Village Green 165 170 Villa La Casa 164 171 Subdivision Name Map Key Table 3.13-10 Adequacy Determinations in the Upper San Pedro Basin (con't.)1 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 71 129 169 74 133 163 90 171 168 116 109 108 92 166 61 60 101 157 158 156 154 153 117 53 24 11 99 182 121 147 23 183 50 33 13 165 73 12 136 96 167 162 155 75 49 93 181 T22S R20E 31 82 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.13 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT 4 127 128 173 172 28 GRAHAM COUNTY T21S R21E 15 42 67 68 174 T21S R20E 91 77 98 132 97 21 104 105 1 T12S 34 76 175 102 18 T22S R21E 25 80 106 164 39 81 160 159 184 87 103 100 9 66 51 43 65 7 35 8 83 65 36 84 44 45 79 T14S 56 PIMA COUNTY T16S 119 137 52 112 2 10 Benson 118 19 Whetstone 70 110 123 131 63 138 140 139 161 90 T18S COCHISE COUNTY 80 141 142 143 144 145 146 PIMA COUNTY 152 55 176 177 T20S 88 82 Tombstone 26 20 58 3 59 SANTA CRUZ COUNTY 150 151 107 95 122 115 114 111 14 135 Sierra Vista 90 126 83 T22S 54 48 46 47 16 185 85 86 10 178 134 38 R18E 40 41 170 120 69 57 17 29 180 27 72 22 64 Bisbee 124 113 32 179 30 37 62 94 149 78 125 148 92 130 T24S 89 83 R22E R20E MEXICO R24E Adequacy Determinations Adequate 0 6 12 Miles Inadequate Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Figure 3.13-11 Upper San Pedro River Basin Adequacy Determinations COUNTY International Boundary Interstate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place 576 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 UPPER SAN PEDRO BASIN References and Supplemental Reading References A ASL Hydrologic and Environmental Services, 1994, Water Supply Report, Whetstone Ranch, Benson, Arizona. *Anderson, T.W., and Freethey, G.W., 1995, Simulation of groundwater flow in alluvial basins in south central Arizona and parts of adjacent states: USGS Professional Paper 1406-D. *Anning, D.W. and Duet, N.R., 1994, Summary of ground-water conditions in Arizona, 1987-90, USGS Open-file Report 94-476. Arizona Corporation Commission, 2005, Annual reports, Private Sewer companies, 1990 to 2005: ACC Utilities Division. _____, 2005, Annual reports, Small water providers, 1990 to 2005: ACC Utilities Division. *Arizona Department of Economic Security, 2005, Workforce Informer: Data file, accessed August 2005, http://www.workforce.az.gov. *Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, 2005, Active dairy farms & feedlots: Data file, received October 2005. *____, 2005, ADEQSWI: Data file, received September 2005. *____, 2005, ADEQWATP: Data file, received May 2005. *____, 2005, ADEQWWTP: Data file, received August 2005. *____, 2005, Azurite: Data file, received September 2005. *____, 2005, Effluent dependent waters: GIS cover, received December 2005. *____, 2005, Impaired lakes and reaches: GIS cover, received January 2006. *____, 2005, Surface water sources used by water providers: Data file, received June 2005. *____, 2005, WWTP and permit files: Miscellaneous working files, received July 2005. *____, 2004, Water providers with arsenic concentrations in wells over 10ppb: Data file, received August 2004. *____, 2004, Water quality exceedences by watershed: Data file, received June 2004. *____, 2004, Water quality exceedences for drinking water providers in Arizona: Data file, received September 2004. * Arizona Department of Mines and Mineral Resources (ADMMR), 2005, Active mines in Arizona: Database, accessed at http:// www.admmr.state.az.us. * Arizona Department of Water Resources, 2006, Assured and adequate water supply applications: Project files, ADWR Hydrology Division. *____, 2005, Agricultural Surface Water Use Estimates: Unpublished analysis, ADWR Office of Resource Assessment Planning. *____, 2005, Automated recorder sites: Data files, ADWR Basic Data Unit. _____, 2005, 2004 rural water provider questionnaire: Data files, ADWR Office of Resource Assessment Planning. *____, 2005, Assured and adequate water supply determinations: Database, ADWR Office of All references marked with an asterisk contain information that was directly used in the basin summaries, tables or maps. Section 3.13 DRAFT Upper San Pedro Basin 577 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Assured and Adequate Water Supply. _____, 2005, Flood warning gages: Database, ADWR Office of Water Engineering. _____, 2005, Inspected dams: Database, ADWR Office of Dam Safety. _____, 2005, Non-jurisdictional dams: Database, ADWR Office of Dam Safety. *____, 2005, Groundwater Site Inventory (GWSI): Database, ADWR Hydrology Division. *____, 2005, Registry of surface water rights: ADWR Office of Water Management. *____, 2005, Upper San Pedro Basin Active Management Area Review Report. *____, 2005, Water use by golf courses in rural Arizona: Unpublished analysis, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 2005, Wells55: Database. _____, 2004, Rural Water Resources 2003 Questionnaire Report: Rural water resources study, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 2002, Groundwater quality exceedences in rural Arizona from 1975 to 2001: Data file, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 1994, Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Vol. I, Inventory and Analysis. *____, 1994, Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Vol. II, Hydrologic Summary. *____, 1992, Hydrographic Survey Report for the San Pedro Watershed. *____, 1980, Hydrographic Survey Report for the Silver Creek Watershed. * Arizona Game and Fish Department, 2005, Arizona Waterways: Data file, received April 2005. *____, 1997 & 1993, Statewide riparian inventory and mapping project: GIS cover. _____, 1982, Arizona Lakes Classification Study. * Arizona Land Resource Information System (ALRIS), 2005, Surface Beneficiaries, GIS cover, accessed September 2006 at http://sco.az.gov/website/parcels/viewer.htm *____, 2005, Springs: GIS cover, accessed January 2006 at http://www.land.state.az. us/alris/index.html. *____, 2005, Streams: GIS cover, accessed 2005 at http://www.land.state. az.us/alris/index.html. *____, 2005, Water features: GIS cover, accessed July 2005 at http://www.land.state. az.us/alris/ index.html. *____, 2004, Land ownership: GIS cover, accessed in 2004 at http://www.land.state.az. us/alris/index.html. Arizona Meteorological Network (AZMET), 2005, Arizona climate stations: Pan evaporation date, accessed December 2005 at http://www.ag.arizona.edu/ azmet/locate.html. *Arizona Water Commission, 1975, Summary, Phase I, Arizona State Water Plan, Inventory of resource and uses. B *Barnes, R.L., and Putman, F., 2003, Maps showing groundwater conditions in the Upper San Pedro basin, Cochise, Graham and Santa Cruz counties, Arizona, Dec. 2001 – Jan. 2002: ADWR Hydrologic Map Series 34 Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, 1982, Geothermal Resources of Arizona: University of Arizona, map. C *C M Engineering Associates, 1982, Water Adequacy Report, Tracts 112 & 113, Pueblo Del Sol Water Co. 578 Section 3.13 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 *Cella, Barr, Evans and Associates, 1974, Mustang Heights and Mustang Water Company, Subdivision Water Supply Analysis. *Coes, A.l., Gellenbeck, D.J., and Towne, D.C., 1999, Groundwater quality in the Sierra Vista sub basin, Arizona, 1996-1997: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 99-4056, 50 p D *Desert State Engineering, 1994, Water Adequacy Investigation for “The Cottonwoods of San Pedro” Lots 1 Thru 90 *Dickens, C. M., 2005, Hydrogeologic Conditions & Water Supply Adequacy, San Pedro Estates Project, Cochise County, Arizona. *____, 2004, Supplemental Hydrologic Report, Empirita Water Company, Cochise County, Arizona. *Diroll, M., and Marsh, D., 2006, Status of water quality in Arizona-2004 integrated 305(b) assessment and 303(d) listing report: ADEQ report. E Environmental Protection Agency, 2005, Surf Your Watershed: Facility reports, accessed April 2005 at http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/ef_home2.water. _____, 2005, 2000 and 1996, Clean Watershed Needs Survey: datasets, accessed March 2005 at http://www.epa.gov/owm/mtb /cwns/index.htm. *____, 2003, Wastewater systems improvements project environmental assessment, City of Bisbee, Cochise County Arizona. F *Fisk, G.G., Duet, D.W., Evans, C.E., Angernoth, N.K., and Longsworth, S.A., 2004, Water Resources Data, Arizona Water Year 2003: USGS Water-Data Report AZ-03-1. *Fluid Solutions, 2005, Hydrologic Study, Holiday at Pueblo Del Sol Subdivision. *____, 2003, Hydrologic Study, Canyon de Flores, Phase II. *____, 2002, Hydrologic Study, Chaparral Village North Subdivision. *Freethey, G.W. and Anderson, T.W. 1986, Predevelopment hydrologic conditions in the alluvial basins of Arizona and adjacent parts of California and New Mexico: USGS Hydrologic Investigations Atlas-HA664. G *Geotrans, Inc., 2004, Hydrologic Study in Support of Application for Water Adequacy, �������������������������������������������������������������� Cimmaron Subdivision, Sierra Vista, Cochise County, Arizona. *____, 2004, Hydrologic Study in Support of Application for Water Adequacy, ����������� Mesa Verde Estates Subdivision, Sierra Vista, Cochise County, Arizona. *Groundwater Resources Consultants, Inc., 1999, Hydrologic Study, Bachmann Springs, Ltd., Cochise County, Arizona. J *JRL Engineering Inc., 1999, Hydrology Report for Los Ranchos Subdivision, Cochise County, AZ. Section 3.13 DRAFT Upper San Pedro Basin 579 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 K Konieczki, A.D. and Wilson, R.P., 1992, Annual summary of ground-water conditions in Arizona, spring 1986 to spring 1987: USGS Open File Report 92-54. L *Lewis, Rob P.E., 2004, Hydrology Report for Covey Run Subdivision, Cochise County, AZ. M McCormack, H.F., Fisk, G.G., Duet, N.R., Evans, D.W., Roberts, W.P., and Castillo, N.K., 2002, Water resources data Arizona, water year 2002: USGS Water Data Report AZ-02-1. *Manera, P.A., 1973, Hydrologic Investigation of Mescal Lakes Subdivision, Cochise County, Arizona. *____, 1973, Hydrologic Investigation of the Sierra Grande Subdivision, Cochise County, Arizona. *Martin-McIntosh Land Surveying and Civil Engineering, 1999, Hydrology Report for Canyon De Flores, Phase 1. *Monsoon Consultants, 2005, Hydrologic Study for Kinjockity Ranch Residential Development, Cochise County, Arizona * Montgomery & Associates, Inc., 2005, Hydrologic Study for San Pedro Partners Master Planned Community in Support of an Application for an Analysis of Water Adequacy, Cochise County, Arizona *_____, 2005, Revised Demonstration of Adequate Water Supply for Y-Lightning Subdivision, Cochise County, Arizona. *_____, 1999, Hydrological investigations of groundwater movement and sources of base flow to Sonoita Creek near Patagonia Arizona, Santa Cruz County, Arizona. N Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), 2005, SNOTEL (Snowpack Telemetry) stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www3.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov/ nwcc/ sntlsites.jsp?state=AZ. _____, 2005, Snow Course stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www.wcc.nrcs. usda.gov/nwcc/snow-course-sites.jsp?state=AZ O *Oregon State University, Spatial Climate Analysis Service (SCAS), 2006, Average annual precipitation in Arizona for 1961-1990: PRISM GIS cover, accessed in 2006 at www.ocs. orst.edu/prism. P *Pope, G.L., Rigas, P.D., and Smith, C.F., 1998, Statistical summaries of streamflow data and characteristics of drainage basins for selected streamflow-gaging stations in Arizona through water year 1996: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 98-4225. *Postillion Environmental Resource Consultants Inc., 2004, La Vista Coronado Development Hydrologic Investigation of Adequate Water Supply. 580 Section 3.13 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 S Sundie, D.W., 1990, Draft outline of basin profiles for the state water assessment: ADWR Statewide Planning Division, Memorandum to L. Linser, January, 16, 1990. T *Tadayon, S., 2004, Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectric-power, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of the active management areas, 1991-2000: USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5293, 27 pp. U US Army Corps of Engineers, 2004 and 2005, National Inventory of Dams: Arizona Dataset, accessed November 2004 to April 2005 at http://crunch.tec.army.mil/nid/ webpages/nid.cfm *US Geological Survey, 2006, Average annual runoff in the United States, 1951-1980: Data file, accessed March 2006 at http://aa179.cr.usgs.gov/metadata/ wrdmeta/runoff.htm. *_____, 2006, Springs and spring discharges: Dataset, received November 2004 and January 2006 from USGS office in Tucson, AZ. *_____, 2006, National Hydrography Dataset: Arizona dataset, accessed at http://nhd.usgs.gov/. *_____, 2005, National Water Information System (NWIS): Arizona dataset, accessed December 2005 at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis. *_____, 2005, Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectric-power, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of the active management areas, 2000-2005: Data file, received December 2005. *_____, 2004, Southwest Regional Gap analysis study- land cover descriptions: Electronic file, accessed January 2005 at http://earth.gis.usu.edu/swgap. *_____, 1981, Geographic digital data for 1:500,000 scale maps: USGS National Mapping Program Data Users Guide. V Valencia, R.A., Wennerlund, J.A., Winstead, R.A., Woods, S., Riley, L., Swanson, E., and Olson, S., 1993, Arizona riparian inventory and mapping project: Arizona Game and Fish Department. W Wahl, C.R., Boe, S.R., Wennerlund, R.A., Winstead, R.A., Allison, L.J., Kubly, D.M., 1997, Remote sensing mapping of Arizona intermittent stream riparian areas: Arizona Game and Fish Technical Report 112. Water Infrastructure Finance Authority of Arizona (WIFA), 2005, Clean Watershed Needs Survey-2004: Unpublished data sheets, received July 2005. Western Regional Climate Center (WRCC), 2005, Pan evaporation stations: Data file accessed December 2005 at http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgiwin/wwcgi. dll?wwDI~GetCity~USA. *_____, 2005, Precipitation and temperature stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwDI~GetCity~USA. Wilson, R.P., 1992, Summary of groundwater conditions in Arizona 1985 to 1986: Section 3.13 DRAFT Upper San Pedro Basin 581 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 USGS Water Resources Investigation Report, 90-4179. Supplemental Reading Anning, D.W., 2003, Assessment of selected inorganic constituents in streams in the central basins study area, Arizona and northern New Mexico, through 1998: USGS Water Resource Investigations Report 03-4063. Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, 1998, Apache Powder Project Summary – St. David, Cochise County, January, 1998: Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, 7 p. Blakemore, T.E. 2005, Trends in streamflow of the San Pedro River, southeastern Arizona: in Conservation and Innovation in Water Management: Proceedings of the 18th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, Flagstaff, Arizona, September, 2005. Bureau of Reclamation, City of Sierra Vista, National Biological Survey, Arizona Department of Environmental Quality,1995, Sierra Vista wetlands and reuse study- final report, January 1995. Braun, D.P., 1992, Waterbud: A spreadsheet-based model of the water budget and water management systems of the upper San Pedro River basin, Arizona: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. Brown, S.G., Davidson, E.S., Kister, L.R., and Thomsen, B.W., 1966, Water Resources of Fort Huachuca Military Reservation, southeastern Arizona: USGS Water Supply Paper 1819D, 57 p. Callegary, J.B., Pool, D.R., Leenhouts, J., 2005, Frequency domain electromagnetic surveys to map recharge potential and monitor infiltration and percolation in ephemeral stream channels in the Upper San Pedro sub-watershed basin, SE Arizona: Conservation and Innovation in Water Management: Proceedings of the 18th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, Flagstaff, Arizona, September, 2005. Casavant, R.R., 2004, Structure of Karchner Caverns area, Cochise County Arizona: Implications to regional tectonics, cave formation and groundwater exploration: in The Value of Water: Proceedings from the 17th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 3004, Tucson, Arizona. Coes, A.l., 2003, Ephemeral channel and basin floor infiltration in the Sierra Vista subwatershed of the upper San Pedro basin, southeastern Arizona: in Sustainability Issues of Arizona Regional Watersheds: Proceedings from the 16th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 2003, Mesa, Arizona. _____, 2001, Investigation of recharge through areas adjacent to and within ephemeral streams, 582 Section 3.13 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Sierra Vista subbasin, Arizona, 1976-1996: in Abstracts with Programs: Geological Society of America 2001 annual meeting, September 2001, Tucson, Arizona, p. 17-18. _____, 1998, Geochemical processes in the basin-fill aquifer of the southern part of the Sierra Vista sub-basin, Arizona: in Water at the Confluence of Science, Law and Public Policy: Proceedings from the 11th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 1998, Tucson, Arizona, p. 16. _____, 1997, A geochemical approach to determine ground-water flow patterns in the Sierra Vista basin, Arizona, with special emphasis on ground-water/surface-water interaction: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. Coes, A.L., Gellenbeck, D.J., and Towne, D.C., 1999, Groundwater quality assessment of the ���� Sierra Vista sub basin, Arizona, 1996-1997: USGS ������������������������������������ Water Resources Investigations Report 99-4056, 50 p. Commission for Environmental Cooperation, 1998, Sustaining and enhancing riparian migratory bird habitat on the upper San Pedro River: Commission for Environmental Cooperation, public review Draft Report, June 15, 1998, 141 p. Cordy, G.E., Gellenbeck, D.J., Gebler, J.B., Anning, D.W., Coes, A.L., Edmonds, R.J. Rees, J.A., and Sanger, H.W., 2000, Water quality in the central Arizona basins, Arizona, 19951998: USGS Circular 1213. Cordy, G.E., Sanger, H.W., Gellenbeck, D.J., 2000, Radon in groundwater in central and southern Arizona: A cause for concern?: in Environmental Technologies for the 21st Century: Proceedings from the 13th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 2000, Phoenix, Arizona, p. 21. Cordy, G.E., Rees, J.A., Edmonds, R.J., Gebler, J.B., Wirt, L., Gellenbeck, D.J., and Anning, D.W., 1998, Water quality assessment of the central Arizona basins, Arizona and northern Mexico- environmental setting and water quality over view: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 98- 4097, 72 p. Deane, T.C., 2000, Conceptualization of groundwater flow in the shallow aquifer along the Apache reach of the San Pedro River, Cochise County, Arizona: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. Fleming, J.B., Pool, D.R. and Blaylock, M., 2001, Geophysical investigations of shallow structure and lithology to aid in the characterization of stream aquifer interactions in the Upper San Pedro River Valley: in Abstracts from the Geological Society annual meeting, September 2001, Tucson Arizona p. 88-89. Freethey, G.W., 1982, Hydrologic analysis of the upper San Pedro Basin from the Mexico – United States International Border to Fairbank, Arizona: USGS Open File Report 82Section 3.13 DRAFT Upper San Pedro Basin 583 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 752, 64 p. Gebler, J.B., 2000, Organochlorine compounds in streambed sediment and in biological tissue from streams and their relations to land use, Central Arizona: USGS Water Investigations Report 00-4041. _____, 1998, Water quality of selected effluent dependent stream reaches in southern Arizona as indicated by concentrations of periphytic chlorophyll a and aquatic invertebrate communities: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 98-4199, 12 p. Gellenbeck, D.J., and Coes, A.L., 1998, Groundwater quality in alluvial basins that have minimal urban development, south-central Arizona: in Water at the Confluence of Science, Law and Public Policy: Proceedings from the 11th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 1998, Tucson, Arizona, p. 195. Gettings, M. E. and Houser, B.B., 2000, Depth to bedrock in the Upper San Pedro Valley, Cochise County, southeastern Arizona: Open-File Report 00-138, 39 p. Gillilan, D.M., 1992, Institutional alternatives for managing water resources in the upper San Pedro River basin, Arizona: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. Goode, T.C., 2002, Using GIS and mudflow to simulate regional groundwater flow and stream aquifer interactions in the Upper San Pedro basin: in Water Transfers: Past, Present and Future: Proceedings from the 15th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 2002, Flagstaff, Arizona. _____, 2000, Simulation of groundwater conditions in the upper San Pedro basin for the evaluation of alternative futures: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. Goodrich, D., 2004, Hydrologic impacts of land cover changes at the basin scale: in The Value of Water: Proceedings from the 17th annual Arizona Hydrological Society symposium, September 2004, Tucson, Arizona. Graf, C.,2004, Hydrologic framework of Karchner Caverns State Park: in The Value of Water; Proceedings from the 17th annual Arizona Hydrological Society symposium, September 2004, Tucson, Arizona. Gungle, B., 2005, Frequency, duration and location of flow in twenty ephemeral streams of the Sierra Vista subwatershed of the Upper San Pedro basin, southeastern Arizona: in Conservation and Innovation in Water Management: Proceedings of the 18th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, Flagstaff, Arizona, September, 2005. Haas, P.A., 2003, Changes in concentration and composition of dissolved and particulate organic matter in the upper San Pedro River, Arizona in response to changes in flow regime: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. 584 Section 3.13 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Hamblen, J.M., 2003, Spatial and temporal trends in sediment dynamics and potential aerobic microbial metabolism, upper San Pedro River, Southeastern Arizona: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. Haney, J., 2002, Hydrology and biodiversity conservation-San Pedro River, Arizona: in Water Transfers: Past, Present and Future: Proceedings from the 15th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 2002, Flagstaff, Arizona. Harshbarger and Associates, 1974, Report on the water development in the Fort Huachuca area, Arizona in Report on supply, Fort Huachuca and vicinity, Arizona: Los Angeles, California, US Army Corps of Engineers, 33 p. Hereford, R., and Betancourt, J.L., 1993, Historic geomorphology of the San Pedro River: archival and physical evidence: in The First Arizonans: Clovis Occupation of the San Pedro Valley, eds. Haynes, C.V., and Huckell, B. Henrich, M.J., 1992, Evaluating water management policy options for the upper San Pedro basin of Arizona: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. Jahnke, P., 1994, Modeling of groundwater flow and surface/groundwater interaction for the San Pedro River basin from Fairbank to Redington, Arizona: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. JE Fuller/ Hydrology & Geomorphology, Inc., 1997, Arizona Stream Navigability Study for the San Pedro: Gila confluence to the Mexican border, Arizona State Land Department, Final Report. Kent, G., 2003, Managing water resources for sustainability at Fort Huachuca: in Sustainability Issues of Arizona’s Regional Watersheds: Proceedings from the 15th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 2003, Mesa, Arizona. King, K. A., Baker, D. L., Kepner, W.G., 1992, Organochlorine and trace element concentrations in the San Pedro River basin, Arizona: USFWS unnumbered report, 17 p. Koehler, R., and Ball, G., 1998, A statistical analysis of low flows on the San Pedro River, Arizona: in Water at the Confluence of Science, Law and Public Policy: Proceedings from the 11th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 1998, Tucson, Arizona, p. 216. Lawler, D., 2002, Using the streambed temperature sensors to monitor flow events in the San Pedro River, Southeast Arizona and North-Central Sonora, Mexico: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. Lawler, D., Leake, S.A., and Ferre, P.A., 2002, Using streambed temperature to identify the onset Section 3.13 DRAFT Upper San Pedro Basin 585 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 and duration of ephemeral stream flow in the San Pedro River: in Sustainability of Semiarid Hydrology and Riparian Areas: 2nd annual meeting, February 2002, Tucson Arizona, p. S19. Leenhouts, J., Anderson, T.A. 2005, Sustainibility of groundwater use in the Sierra Vista subwatershed, Cochise County, Arizona, 2005: Conservation and Innovation in Water Management: Proceedings of the 18th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, Flagstaff, Arizona, September, 2005. Leenhouts, J, 2003, Stream-aquifer interaction and bank storage along the San Pedro River near Palominas, Arizona: in Sustainability Issues of Arizona’s Regional Watersheds: Proceedings from the 16th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 2003, Mesa, Arizona. Leenhouts, J., and Pool, D., 2001, Stream aquifer interactions in the San Pedro riparian National Conservation Area, Cochise County, Arizona: Proceedings from the 14th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 2001, Tucson, Arizona, p. 23. Leonhart, L.S., Coggeshall, M.C., Nelson, E.J., Leo, T.P., Gearheart, R.A., Benner, A., and Alter, K.M., 1996, Artificial wetland treatment of nitrate plume Apache Powder Superfund site, Cochise County, Arizona: in Wanted: Water for Rural Arizona: Proceedings from the 9th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 1996, Prescott, Arizona, p. 139. Lite, S.J., Bagstad, K.J., and Stromberg, J.C., 2005, Riparian plant species richness along lateral and longitudinal gradients of water stress and flood disturbance, San Pedro River, Arizona, USA. Journal of Arid Environments, 63(4) 785-813 . Liverman, D., Meridith, R., Holdsworth, A., Cervera, L., and Lara, F., 1997, An assessment of the water resources in the San Pedro River and Santa Cruz River basins, Arizona and Sonora: A Report to the Commission on Environmental Cooperation, Montreal, Quebec, University of Arizona Latin American Area Center for Studies in Public Policy, 75p. MacNish, R.D., Maddock, T., Whitaker, M.P.L., 1998, Groundwater-surface water interactions in the upper San Pedro basin: in Water at the Confluence of Science, Law and Public Policy: Proceedings from the 11th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 1998, Tucson, Arizona, p. 34-35. Marsett, J.Q., Goodrich, D.C., Moran, M.S., Scott, R., Schaeffer, S., Chehbouni, A., and Goff, B.F., 1998, Evapotranspiration from the riparian corridor, upper San Pedro River: in Water at the Confluence of science, Law and Public Policy: Proceedings from the 11th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 1998, Tucson, Arizona, p. 42-43. Nemecek, E.A., 2003, Sustainability of Arizona’s few remaining perennial streams: in 586 Section 3.13 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Sustainability Issues of Arizona’s Regional Watersheds: Proceedings from the 16th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 2003, Mesa, Arizona. Olander, A. F., and Ferre, P.A., 2001 Laboratory methods for calculating the hydraulic and physical properties of alluvial and basin fill sediments, Sierra Vista sub-watershed, Arizona: in Abstracts with Programs from the Geological Society of America Annual \ Meeting, September 2001, Tucson Arizona, p.128-129. Pool, D. R., and Coes, A. L., 1999, Hydrogeologic investigations of the Sierra Vista subwatershed of the upper San Pedro Basin, Cochise County, southeast Arizona: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 99-4197, 41 p. _____, 2003, Mapping of extensive silt and clay layers using aerial transient electromagnetic surveys in the Sierra Vista sub-watershed, Arizona: in Sustainability Issues of Arizona’s Regional Watersheds: Proceedings from the 16th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 2003, Mesa, Arizona. Robertson, F.N., 1991, Geochemistry of groundwater in alluvial basins of Arizona and adjacent parts of Nevada, New Mexico and California: USGS Professional Paper 1406-C, 87 p. Santec Consulting and JE Fuller/ Hydrology & Geomorphology, Inc., 2000, Small and minor watercourses analysis for Cochise County, Arizona, Arizona State Land Department, Final Report. Schulte, M.A., 1997, Dilution Gauging as a Method to Quantify Groundwater Baseflow Fluctuations in Arizona’s San Pedro River: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. Schwartzman, P.N., 1990, A Hydrogeologic resource assessment of the lower Babocomari watershed, Arizona: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis (USP?) Scott, R.L., 1999, Riparian and rangeland soil-vegetation-atmosphere interactions in Southeastern Arizona: University of Arizona, Ph. D. dissertation. Sharma, V., MacNish, R.D., and Maddock, T. III, June 2000, An analysis of the effects of retiring irrigation pumpage in the San Pedro Riparian National Conservation Area, Cochise County, Arizona: The University of Arizona, Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Technical Report HWR 00-010 78 p. Sharma, V., 1997, A seasonal groundwater flow model of the upper San Pedro River basin, Cochise County, Arizona: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. Skirvin, S.M., Titley, S.R., 1990, Contrasting surface hydrologic properties of a geologic triad in the Whetstone Mtns., southeastern Arizona, by use of Landsat in images: annual meeting: Geological Society of America, Cordilleran Section, March 1990, Tucson, AZ, Section 3.13 DRAFT Upper San Pedro Basin 587 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Abstracts with Programs, p. 84. Stitzer, L., 2003, Arizona Department of Water Resources Upper San Pedro basin study: in Sustainability Issues of Arizona’s Regional Watersheds: Proceedings from the 16th annual Arizona Hydrological Society Symposium, September 2003, Mesa, Arizona. Stromberg, J.C., Bagstad, K.J., Leenhouts, J.M., Lite, S.J., Makings, E. 2005. Effects of stream flow intermittency on riparian vegetation of a semiarid region river (San Pedro River, Arizona): River Research and Applications, Vol. 21, Issue 8 pp. 925-938. Stromberg, J.C., Tiller, R., Richter, B. 1996. Effects of ground water decline on riparian vegetation of semi-arid regions, the San Pedro, AZ: Ecological Applications Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 113-131. Summerside, S.E., 1991, Systems analysis of upper San Pedro River basin conflicts: University of Arizona, M.S.thesis. Tooney, R.S., 2004, Continuing hydrologic studies at Karchner Caverns State Park: in The Value of Water: Proceedings from the 17th annual Arizona Hydrological Society symposium, September 2004, Tucson, Arizona. United States Geological Survey, 2005, Hydrogeologic investigations of the middle San Pedro, Detrital and Willcox basins, Arizona: USGS draft report. United States Geological Survey, 1997, Collection and analysis of ground-water samples in the Sierra Vista Basin, Arizona, 1996: USGS Fact Sheet 107-97. United States Bureau of Reclamation, city of Sierra Vista, 2002, Preservation of the San Pedro River utilizing effluent recharge: Arizona Water Protection Fund Project 95005WPF. Upper San Pedro Partnership, 2004, Water management of the regional aquifer in the Sierra Vista Subwatershed, Arizona—2004 Report to Congress: U.S. Department of the Interior, http://www.usppartnership.com/documents/Section321.2004.pdf. ____, 2005, 2005 Water management and conservation plan: http://www.usppartnership.com documents/Working%20Plan%202005%20(Final).pdf. Vionnet, L.B., 1992, Modeling of ground-water flow and surface water/ground-water interactions of the San Pedro River basin, Cochise County, Arizona: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. Whitaker, M.P.L., 2000, Estimating bank storage and evapo-transpiration using soil physical and hydrological techniques in a gaining reach of the San Pedro River, Arizona: University of Arizona, Ph. D. dissertation. 588 Section 3.13 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Williams, M.D., 1996, Evapo-transpiration in Southeast Arizona Semi-Arid Watersheds: Walnut Gulch and Cienega Creek: University of Arizona, M.S. thesis. Wynn, J., 2001, Mapping groundwater in three dimensions: An analysis of the airborne geophysical surveys of the upper San Pedro River basin, Cochise County, southeastern Arizona, with an interpretation of where the groundwater lies: USGS Open-File Report 00-517. Section 3.13 DRAFT Upper San Pedro Basin 589 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Upper San Pedro Basin Index to Section 3.0 Geography 1 Hydrology 5, 6, 7 Climate 8 Environmental Conditions Arizona Water Protection Fund Programs 13 Instream Flow Claims 13 Conservation Areas, Refuges and Preserves 15, 19 Population 1, 20, 21, 22 Water Supply Surface Water 23 Groundwater 24 Effluent 25 Contamination Sites 25, 26, 28 Cultural Water Demand Municipal Demand 31, 32, 33 Agricultural Demand 34, 37 Industrial Demand 38, 39, 40, 41 Water Resource Issues in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Watershed Groups 42, 43 Issue Surveys 44, 47 590 Section 3.13 Upper San Pedro Basin DRAFT Section 3.14 Willcox Basin 591 c Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.14.1 Geography of the Willcox Basin The Willcox Basin is a medium-size, 1,911 square mile basin in the center of the planning area. Geographic features and principal communities are shown on Figure 3.14-1. The basin is characterized by a large valley surrounded by a series of medium-high to high-elevation mountain ranges and contains grassland, woodland, conifer forest and desert scrub vegetation. 592 • Principal geographic features include: o Principal basin community of Willcox o Smaller communities of Bonita and Fort Grant in the northern portion of the basin, Sunsites in the southwest, Sunizona on Highway 181 in the southwest and Dos Cabezas on Highway 186 southeast of Willcox o Ash Creek in the northern portion of the basin o Turkey Creek south of Sunizona o Pinery Creek east of Chiricahua National Monument o Rucker Canyon in the southern portion of the basin o Sulphur Springs Valley running north-south through the center of the basin o Willcox Playa southwest of Willcox o Winchester Mountains on the northwestern boundary o Dragoon Mountains on the central western boundary • Not well shown on Figure 3.14-1 are: o Chiricahua Mountains to the southeast of Willcox, with the highest point in the basin, Buena Vista Peak at 8,823 feet o Swisshelm Mountains on the southwestern boundary o Pinaleño Mountains on the northeast boundary Section 3.14 Willcox Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R24E T8S R22E T10S GRAHAM COUNTY T12S R26E ! T14S Willcox R28E COCHISE COUNTY R30E T16S T18S T20S 0 6 ¨ Oc ARIZONA DEPART MEN T OF WAT ER RESOURCES Base Map: USGS 1:500,000, 1981 Section 3.14 DRAFT Willcox Basin 12 Miles COUNTY City, Town or Place ! Figure 3.14-1 Willcox Basin Geographic Features 593 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.14.2 Land Ownership in the Willcox Basin Land ownership, including the percentage of ownership in each category, is shown for the Willcox Basin in Figure 3.14-2. Principal features of land ownership in this basin are the abundance of private land and the diversity of land ownership types, seven total. A description of land ownership data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.8. Land ownership categories are discussed below in the order of percentage from largest to smallest in the basin. Private • 51.1% of land is private. • The majority of the private land is through the center of the basin and is contiguous. • A small portion of private land in the southern tip of the basin remains in private ownership but is managed federally as the Leslie Canyon National Wildlife Refuge. • Primary land uses are farming, domestic, commercial, mining and industrial. State Trust • 24.2% of land in this basin is held in trust for public schools and thirteen other beneficiaries under the State Trust Land System. • Two large strips of state owned land are located north of Interstate 10 and the remainder of state owned land in the basin is interspersed with private land. • A small portion of state trust land in the southern tip of the basin remains in state ownership but is managed federally as the Leslie Canyon National Wildlife Refuge. • Primary land use is grazing. National Forest and Wilderness • 19.6% of land is federally owned and managed as national forest and wilderness. • Although the National Forest land is not contiguous, all lands are within the Coronado National Forest in two ranger districts, Douglas Ranger District south of Interstate 10 and the Safford Ranger District north of Interstate 10. • The basin contains most of the Chiricahua Wilderness area in the southeastern area of forest lands and a portion of the Galiuro Wilderness area in the northwestern area of forest lands. • Primary land uses are recreation, grazing and timber production. U.S. Military • 2.3% of land is federally owned and managed by the U.S. Military. • All military land in the basin is part of the Willcox Range. • Primary land use is for military activities. U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) • 1.8% of land is federally owned and managed by the Bureau of Land Management. • BLM land is located southeast of Interstate 10 along the eastern basin boundary and in other small parcels scattered throughout the basin. • Primary land use is grazing. 594 Section 3.14 Willcox Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Parks, Monuments, Historical and Recreational Sites • 0.9% of land is federally owned and managed by the National Park Service. • All park land is within the Chiricahua National Monument. • Primary land use is recreation. Other (Game and Fish, County and Bureau of Reclamation Lands) • 0.1% of land is state owned and managed by Arizona Game and Fish Department. • All Game and Fish land in this basin is within the Willcox Playa Wildlife Area. • Primary land uses are wildlife protection and recreation. Section 3.14 DRAFT Willcox Basin 595 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R24E T8S R22E 266 T10S GRAHAM COUNTY T12S R26E Willcox T14S R28E COCHISE COUNTY 10 186 WILLCOX RANGE R30E CHIRICAHUA NATIONAL MONUMENT 191 T16S CORONADO NATIONAL FOREST 191 181 T18S Land Ownership (Percentage in Basin) Private (51.1%) T20S State Trust (24.2%) National Forest & Wilderness (19.6%) LESLIE CANYON NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE U.S. Military (2.3%) U.S. Bureau of Land Management (1.8%) Parks, Monuments, (0.9%) Historical & Recreational Sites Other (Game & Fish, County and (0.1%) Bureau of Reclamation Lands) 0 6 12 Miles National Conservation Area COUNTY Interstate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place 596 Figure 3.14-2 Willcox Basin Land Ownership c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Source: ALRIS , 2004 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 2003 Section 3.14 Willcox Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.14.3 Climate of Willcox Basin Climate data from NOAA/NWS Coop Network and AZMET stations are complied in Table 3.14-1 and the locations are shown on Figure 3.14-3. The Willcox Basin does not contain Evaporation Pan and SNOTEL/Snowcourse stations. A description of the climate data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.3. NOAA/NWS Coop Network • Refer to Table 3.14-1A • There are six NOAA/NWS Coop network climate stations in the basin. • Of the six stations, data from different periods of record may be used as shown. The variety of dates may be due to discontinued measurements, date of installation or other availability issues. • The six stations are located throughout most of the basin. There are no stations in the lower quarter of the basin. • Station elevations range from 4,180 feet at Cochise 4 SSE and Willcox to 5,300 feet at Chiricahua N.M. • Maximum average temperatures range from 74.8°F at Chiricahua N.M. to 79.5°F at Willcox. • Minimum average temperatures range from 42.6°F at Cochise Stronghold to 44.9°F at Fort Grant. • Average annual precipitation varies from 10.78 inches at Cochise 4 SSE to 20.95 inches at Chiricahua N.M. • All stations report highest average precipitation in the summer (July - September) and lowest in the spring (April – June). • Additional precipitation data shows rainfall as high as 48 inches in the Chiricahua Mountains at Chiricahua Peak, elevation 9,760 feet. This is the highest average annual precipitation in the planning area. Precipitation is as low as 10 inches in the vicinity of the Pearce Sunsites station. • Precipitation increases as elevation increases in the basin. This basin contains the largest range of average annual rainfall in the planning area with 38 inches separating areas of lowest and the highest precipitation. AZMET • Refer to Table 3.14-1C • There is one AZMET station in the basin, at Bonita. • Average annual evaporation from this site is 74.11 inches. Section 3.14 DRAFT Willcox Basin 597 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.14-1 Climate Data for the Willcox Basin A.NOAA/NWS Co-op Network: Station Name Period of elevation (in record Used for feet) Averages Chiricahua N.M. 5,300 1971-2000 Average Temperature range (in f) Average Total Precipitation (in inches) Max/Month Min/Month Winter Spring Summer fall Annual 74.8/Jul 44.0/Jan 4.24 1.85 9.86 5.00 20.95 Cochise 4 SSE 4,180 1899-1954 78.5/Jul 42.7/Jan 2.05 0.75 5.98 2.00 10.78 Cochise Stronghold 4,920 1925-1948 77.3/Jul 42.6/Jan 4.27 1.60 9.26 3.71 18.85 Fort Grant 4,830 1900-2004 1 78.9/Jul 44.9/Jan 2.31 1.39 7.33 5.68 16.70 Pearce Sunsites 4,350 1971-2000 78.6/Jul 44.6/Jan 2.19 0.95 7.53 2.54 13.21 Willcox 4,180 1971-2000 79.5/Jul 43.8/Dec 2.74 1.00 6.22 3.39 13.35 Source: WRCC, 2003. Notes: Average temperature for period of record shown; average precipitation from 1971-2000 1 B. evaporation Pan: Station Name Period of Avg. Annual evap elevation (in record Used for (in inches) feet) Averages None Source: WRCC, 2003. C. AZMeT: Station Name elevation (feet) Period of record Average Annual reference evaportranspiration, in inches (number of years to calculate averages ) Bonita 4,419 1/1987 - current 74.11 (6) Source: Arizona Meteorological Network, 2005 D. SNOTeL/Snowcourse: Station Name Average Snowpack, at Beginning of the Month, as Inches Snow Water Content Period of elevation (in (Number of measurements to calculate average) record Used for feet) Averages Jan. feb. March April May June None Source: Natural Resources Conservation Service, 2005 598 Section 3.14 Willcox Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R24E T8S 36 20 18 R22E Fort Grant 26 266 GRAHAM COUNTY T10S 24 22 Bonita 18 14 16 20 T12S Willcox R26E Willcox T14S R28E COCHISE COUNTY 20 18 10 16 20 R30E Cochise 4 SSE 28 191 14 26 T16S Average Annual Precipitation (1961-1990) inches per year 186 10-12 Pearce Sunsites 12-14 12 14 Chiricahua N.M. 14-16 16-18 181 18-20 20-22 16 T18S 40 28 Cochise Stronghold 22-24 24 36 24-26 30 26-28 28-30 32-34 34-36 20 T20S 30-32 22 18 36-38 38-40 16 0 6 12 Miles 40-44 44-48 Meteorological Stations WRCC AZMET Figure 3.14-3 Willcox Basin Meteorological Stations and Annual Precipitation c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Precipitation Data Source: Oregon State University, 1998 Section 3.14 DRAFT Willcox Basin Precipitation Contour 12 COUNTY Interstate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place 599 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.14.4 Surface Water Conditions in the Willcox Basin Streamflow data, including average seasonal flow, average annual flow and other information is shown in Table 3.14-2. Flood ALERT equipment in the basin as of September 2004 is shown on Table 3.14-3. Reservoir and stockpond data, including maximum storage or maximum surface area of large reservoirs and type of use of the stored water, are shown in Table 3.14-4. The location of streamflow gages, using the USGS number, is shown on Figure 3.14-4. The location of large reservoirs as well as USGS runoff contours are also shown on Figure 3.14-4. A description of stream data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.16. A description of reservoir data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.11. A description of stockpond data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.15. Streamflow Data • Refer to Table 3.14-2. • Data from four stations, including three discontinued stations, are shown on the table and on Figure 3.14-4. • These stations are located on the Gila River, West Turkey Creek, Whitewater Draw and Leslie Creek. • The average seasonal flow as a percentage of annual flow for all the stations is highest in the Summer (July-September) and lowest in the Spring (April-June) at three stations. • Maximum annual flow in this basin was 97,737 acre-feet in 1930 on the Gila River. Minimum annual flow was 22 acre-feet in 1976 on Leslie Creek. Flood ALERT Equipment • Refer to Table 3.14-3. • There is one station in the basin as of October 2005. • This station is a weather station. Reservoirs and Stockponds • Refer to Table 3.14-4. • Surface water is stored or could be stored in two large and nine small reservoirs in this basin. • The largest of the reservoirs, Willcox Playa, a dry lake with a maximum surface area of 29,500 acres. • Two of the small reservoirs have a maximum storage capacity of 185 acre-feet. The remaining seven small reservoirs have a total surface area of 182 acres. • There are an estimated 762 stockponds in this basin. Runoff Contour • Refer to Figure 3.14-4. • Average annual runoff increases from 0.2 inches in the vicinity of Willcox to five inches toward the Chiricahua Mountains in the southeast. Runoff also increases slightly north of Willcox to one inch near the northwestern basin boundary. 600 Section 3.14 Willcox Basin DRAFT 38.7 West Turkey Creek near Light Whitewater Draw near Rucker 9536500 9537000 NA NA 8/1919-9/1925 (discontinued) 8/1919-9/1925 (discontinued) Period of record 16 16 13 Winter 7 10 11 Spring 55 39 53 Summer 21 35 24 fall Average Seasonal flow (% of annual flow) Section 3.14 DRAFT Willcox Basin Notes: Statistics based on Calendar Year Annual Flow statistics based on monthly Summation of Average Annual Flows may not equal 100 due to rounding. Period of record may not equal Year of Record used for annual Flow/Year statistics due to only using years with a 12 month record NA = Data not currently available to ADWR 9537200 Leslie Creek near 10/196979.1 5,360 McNeal current Sources: USGS NWIS; Pope et al, USGS 1998; and Fisk et al., USGS 2003. 19.0 USGS Station Name Station Number Contributing Mean Basin Drainage elevation (in feet) 2 Area (in mi ) 22 (1976) 956 (1922) 521 (1922) 746 5,010 4,474 Median 1,066 4,421 5,460 Mean 3,201 (1984) 6,342 (1923) 10,787 (1921) 25 5 5 601 years of Annual flow Maximum record Annual flow (in acre-feet/year) Minimum Table 3.14-2 Streamflow Data for the Willcox Basin Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 602 Weather Station Willcox ADOT Weather Station 3070 Notes: ADOT = Arizona Department of Transportation ADWR = Arizona Department of Water Resources Station Type Station Name Station ID 10/1/2001 Install Date Table 3.14-3 flood ALerT equipment in the Willcox Basin ADWR Section 3.14 responsibility Willcox Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.14-4 reservoirs and Stockponds in the Willcox Basin A. Large reservoirs (500 acre-feet capacity and greater) MAP Key reSerVOIr/LAKe NAMe (Name of dam, if different) OWNer/OPerATOr MAxIMUM STOrAGe (Af) USe JUrISDICTION None identified by ADWR at this time B. Other Large reservoirs (50 acre surface area or greater)1 MAP Key reSerVOIr/LAKe NAMe (Name of dam, if different) OWNer/OPerATOr MAxIMUM SUrfACe AreA (acres) USe2 JUrISDICTION 1 Willcox Playa3 NA 29,500 O Landowner Private 309 P Landowner 4 2 Unnamed C. Small reservoirs (greater than 15 acre-feet and less than 500 acre-feet capacity) Total number: 2 Total maximum storage: 185 acre-feet D. Other Small reservoirs (between 5 and 50 acres surface area)1 Total number: 7 Total surface area: 182 acres e. Stockponds (up to 15 acre-feet capacity) Total number: 762 (from water right filings) Notes: Capacity data not available to ADWR 2 O=other; P=fire protection, stock or farm pond 3 Dry Lake 4 Intermittent Lake 1 Section 3.14 DRAFT Willcox Basin 603 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R24E T8S R22E 266 GRAHAM COUNTY 2 T10S 1 h As 0.5 A sh Creek ek Cre T12S 0.2 R26E Willcox 3070 T14S R28E COCHISE COUNTY 186 1 10 R30E 0.5 191 T16S 186 ey rk Tu 1 0.2 k ee Cr 2 181 Tu rk e y C reek As h C reek T18S 9536500 5 Co 9537000 tt o nw ood Creek T20S USGS Annual Runoff Contour for 1951-1980 (in inches) Stream Channel (width of line reflects stream order) Reservoir > 500 AF Capacity Stream Gages USGS 2 9537200 0 1 6 12 Miles Flood COUNTY Interstate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place 604 Figure 3.14-4 Willcox Basin Surface Water Conditions Oc ARIZONA DEPART MEN T OF WAT ER RESOURCES Stream Data Source: ALRIS, 2005 Section 3.14 Willcox Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.14.5 Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major Springs in the Willcox Basin Minor springs with discharge rates and date of measurement, and the total number of springs in the basin are shown in Table 3.14-5. There are no major springs identified in this basin. The locations of perennial and intermittent streams are shown on Figure 3.14-5. A description of data sources and methods for intermittent and perennial reaches is found in Volume 1, 1.3.16. A description of spring data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.14. • • • • • There are five perennial stream reaches in this basin, Turkey Creek, Rucker Canyon, Grant Creek, Big Creek and Leslie Creek. Most perennial streams are in the Chiricahua Mountains along the southeastern boundary or the Pinaleño Mountains on the northeastern boundary. A number of intermittent stream reaches are located in these two mountain ranges as well. Springs with measured discharge of 1 to 10 gpm are not mapped but coordinates are given in Table 3.14-5. There are eight minor springs identified in this basin. Listed discharge rates may not be indicative of current conditions. All of the minor spring measurements were taken prior to 1985. The total number of springs identified by the USGS varies from 87 to 92, depending on the database reference. Section 3.14 DRAFT Willcox Basin 605 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.14-5 Springs in the Willcox Basin A. Major Springs (10 gpm or greater): Map Key Location Name Latitude Discharge Date Discharge Measured Longitude (in gpm) None identified by ADWR at this time B. Minor Springs (1 to 10 gpm): Location Latitude Discharge Date Discharge 1 Measured Longitude (in gpm) Walnut 321228 1093617 3 07/1984 Unnamed 321152 1093413 3 11/1981 Rosemary's2 321228 1093621 2 08/1984 Howard Canyon (left fork) 2,3 321144 1093349 24 08/1984 Howard Canyon2,3 321144 1093357 1 08/1984 Unnamed2 321145 1095543 1 02/1946 Unnamed2 320451 1095543 1 Not available Unnamed2 321259 1093716 1 09/1981 Name C. Total number of springs, regardless of discharge, identified by USGS (see ALrIS, 2005 and NHD, 2006): 87 to 92 Notes: Most recent measurement identified by ADWR 2 Spring not displayed on current USGS topo map 3 Location approximated by ADWR 4 Most recent measurement < 1 gpm 1 606 Section 3.14 Willcox Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R24E Gr an R22E Bug tC ree k Cree k T8S 266 T10S A sh GRAHAM COUNTY C r e ek T12S R26E Willcox T14S R28E 186 10 COCHISE COUNTY R30E 191 T16S 186 P i n er y C ree k Ro ck Creek 181 Turkey Creek T18S re a m C ek n yo n Pridh e Ruc k rC a T20S 0 6 12 Miles Leslie Creek Big B en d C re ek Intermittent Streams Perennial Streams ARIZONA O DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES c Stream Data Source: AGFD, 1993 & 1997 Section 3.14 DRAFT Willcox Basin Figure 3.14-5 Willcox Basin Perennial/Intermittent Streams and Major (>10 gpm) Springs COUNTY Interstate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place 607 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.14.6 Groundwater Conditions of the Willcox Basin Major aquifers, well yields, estimated natural recharge, estimated water in storage, number of index wells and date of last water-level sweep are shown in Table 3.14-6. Figure 3.14-6 shows aquifer flow direction and water-level change between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004. Figure 3.14-7 contains hydrographs for selected wells shown on Figure 3.14-6. Figure 3.14-8 shows well yields in five yield categories. A description of aquifer data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.2. A description of well data sources and methods, including water-level changes and well yields is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.19. More detailed information on hydrogeology is found in Section 3.0.1. Major Aquifers • Refer to Table 3.14-6 and Figure 3.14-6. • The major aquifers in the basin are recent stream alluvium from stream and lake-bed deposits and basin fill. • The Willcox Basin is a “closed basin” with no inter-basin groundwater inflow or outflow. • Groundwater flow conditions have been altered significantly in several locations due to groundwater pumping as shown by flow directions on Figure 3.14-6. Historically flows were from the perimeter of the Sulphur Springs Valley toward the Willcox Playa. Well Yields • Refer to Table 3.14-6 and Figure 3.14-8. • As shown on Figure 3.14-8 well yields in this basin range from less than 100 gallons per minute (gpm) to more than 2,000 gpm. • One source of well yield information, based on 1,007 reported wells, indicates that the median well yield in this basin is 750 gpm. • Well yields vary throughout the basin. Natural Recharge • Refer to Table 3.14-6. • There are three estimates of natural recharge for this basin ranging from 15,000 acre-feet per year to 47,000 acre-feet per year. The latter, from a 1995 Anderson and Freethey study, is the most recent. Water in Storage • Refer to Table 3.14-6. • There are three storage estimates in this basin ranging from 42 million acre-feet to 59 million acre-feet. • The most recent estimate of water in storage is between 42 million and 45.3 million acrefeet to a depth of 1,200 feet and is from ADWR studies in 1990 and 1994. • The predevelopment storage estimate for this basin is 44 million acre-feet. 608 Section 3.14 Willcox Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Water Level • Refer to Figure 3.14-6. Water levels are shown for wells measured in 2003-2004. • The Department annually measures 46 index wells in this basin. • In 1999, the year of the last water level sweep, 885 wells were measured. • The deepest recorded water level in 2003-2004 was 431 feet in the vicinity of Highway 191 near the southern basin boundary and the shallowest recorded water level in 2003-2004 was 36 feet in the vicinity of Willcox. • All reported wells in this basin have declines of at least one foot and a number of wells show water level declines greater than 30 feet. • Hydrographs corresponding to selected wells shown on Figure 3.14-6 but covering a longer time period are shown in Figure 3.14-7. Section 3.14 DRAFT Willcox Basin 609 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.14-6 Groundwater Data for the Willcox Basin Basin Area, in square miles: 1,911 Name and/or Geologic Units Recent Stream Alluvium Major Aquifer(s): Basin Fill Well yields, in gal/min: estimated Natural recharge, in acre-feet/year: estimated Water Currently in Storage, in acre-feet: Range 108 - 2,199 Median 621.5 (64 wells measured) Range 2 - 3,500 Median 750 (1,007 wells reported) Measured by ADWR and/or USGS Reported on registration forms for large (> 10-inch) diameter wells Range 50 - 2,000 ADWR (1990 and 1994) Range 0 - 2,500 Anning and Duet, USGS (1994) 47,000 Anderson and Freethey (1995) 46,000 Freethey and Anderson (1986) 15,000 ADWR (1994) 42,000,000 - 45,300,000 (to 1,200 ft) ADWR (1990 and 1994) 44,000,0001 (to 1,200 ft) Freethey and Anderson (1986) 59,000,000 (to 1,200 ft) Arizona Water Commission (1975) Current Number of Index Wells: 46 Date of Last Water-level Sweep: 1999 (885 wells measured) Notes: Predevelopment Estimate 1 610 Section 3.14 Willcox Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R24E T8S A 228 R22E B 401 266 T10S GRAHAM COUNTY 363 C 289 212 D 192 T12S E 121 120 R26E 36 F Willcox 266 G 221 T14S R28E 186 COCHISE COUNTY H 68 I 10 262 76 J M 309 338 288 R30E L 364 74 191 T16S 261 335 273 279 235 K 186 O 173 249 239 219 431 N 229 379 P 181 T18S Water-level change in feet between 1990-1991 and 2003-2004 H 375 T20S number is depth to water in feet letter is hydrograph Greater than -30 Between -30 and -15 Between -15 and -1 Change Data Not Available 0 6 12 Miles Generalized Flow Direction Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments COUNTY Interstate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.14 DRAFT Willcox Basin Figure 3.14-6 Willcox Basin Groundwater Conditions ARIZONA O DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES c 611 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Figure 3.14-7 WILLCOX BASIN Willcox Basin HYDROGRAPHS SHOWING DEPTH Hydrographs Showing Depth to Water in Selected Wells TO WATER IN SELECTED WELLS 200 A basin fill D-09-23 08ABC WELL DEPTH: UNKNOWN USE: STOCK Depth To Water In Feet Below Land Surface 250 300 1975 375 B 425 1975 300 1985 1995 WELL DEPTH: 705 ft USE: STOCK basin fill D-10-23 10BBA 1985 C WELL DEPTH: 603 ft USE: IRRIGATION 1975 1985 2005 1995 2004 basin fill D-11-24 18AAA 350 400 1995 2005 YEAR 612 Section 3.14 Willcox Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Figure 3.14-7 (Con’t.) WILLCOX BASIN Willcox Basin HYDROGRAPHS SHOWING DEPTH Hydrographs Showing Depth to Water in Selected Wells TO WATER IN SELECTED WELLS D WELL DEPTH: 269 ft USE: UNUSED 1975 1985 E WELL DEPTH: 266 ft USE: IRRIGATION 1975 1985 125 basin fill D-12-23 12DBA1 175 Depth To Water In Feet Below Land Surface 225 75 1995 2005 basin fill D-13-24 03ADA 125 F 0 1995 WELL DEPTH: UNKNOWN USE: UNUSED 2005 basin fill D-13-25 31CAB1 50 1975 G 150 1985 1995 WELL DEPTH: 500 ft USE: IRRIGATION 2005 basin fill D-14-26 18CAA1 200 250 1975 Section 3.14 DRAFT Willcox Basin 1985 YEAR 1995 2005 613 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Figure 3.14-7BASIN (Con’t.) WILLCOX WillcoxSHOWING Basin HYDROGRAPHS DEPTH Hydrographs Showing Depth to Water in Selected Wells TO WATER IN SELECTED WELLS 25 H WELL DEPTH: 160 ft USE: STOCK basin fill D-15-24 08CDA 75 Depth To Water In Feet Below Land Surface 1975 1985 I WELL DEPTH: 515 ft USE: IRRIGATION 1975 1985 J WELL DEPTH: 100 ft USE: STOCK 1975 1985 175 1995 2005 basin fill D-15-25 25AAD 225 275 25 1995 2005 basin fill D-16-25 16ADD2 75 200 K 1995 2005 basin fill D-16-25 36AAA WELL DEPTH: 940 ft USE: UNUSED 250 300 1975 614 1985 YEAR 1995 2005 Section 3.14 Willcox Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 WILLCOX BASIN Figure 3.14-7 (Con’t.) DEPTH HYDROGRAPHS SHOWING Willcox Basin TO WATER IN SELECTED WELLS Hydrographs Showing Depth to Water in Selected Wells Depth To Water In Feet Below Land Surface 300 L WELL DEPTH: 940 ft USE: UNUSED 1975 1985 basin fill D-16-26 14DAA 350 400 300 M 1995 2005 basin fill D-16-28 04BBB WELL DEPTH: UNKNOWN USE: STOCK 350 1975 400 N 1985 1995 2005 basin fill D-17-24 35DAD WELL DEPTH: 600 ft USE: PUBLIC SUPPLY 450 1975 1985 1995 2005 YEAR Section 3.14 DRAFT Willcox Basin 615 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Depth To Water In Feet Below Land Surface WILLCOX Figure 3.14-7BASIN (Con’t.) HYDROGRAPHS SHOWING DEPTH Willcox Basin TO WATER SELECTED Hydrographs ShowingIN Depth to Water WELLS in Selected Wells 175 O basin fill D-17-27 28BAA WELL DEPTH: 701 ft USE: UNUSED 225 275 1975 350 1985 P WELL DEPTH: 496 ft USE: DOMESTIC 1975 1985 1995 2005 basin fill D-18-28 17BAA 400 1995 2005 YEAR 616 Section 3.14 Willcox Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R24E T8S R22E GRAHAM COUNTY T10S 266 T12S Willcox R26E T14S R28E 186 10 R30E T16S 186 191 181 T18S COCHISE COUNTY Well Yields T20S Greater than 2000 gals/min Between 1000 and 2000 gals/min Between 500 and 1000 gals/min Between 100 and 500 gals/min Less than 100 gals/min 0 6 12 Miles Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments COUNTY Interstate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.14 DRAFT Willcox Basin Figure 3.14-8 Willcox Basin Well Yields ARIZONA O DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES c 617 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.14.7 Water Quality of the Willcox Basin Drinking water standard exceedences in wells, springs and mine sites including location and parameter(s) exceeded are shown in Table 3.14-7A. There are no data on impaired lakes and streams in this basin. Figure 3.14-9 shows the location of exceedences keyed to Table 3.14-7A. A description of water quality data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.18. Not all parameters were measured at all sites; selective sampling for particular constituents is common. Wells, Springs and Mines • Refer to Table 3.14-7A. • Drinking water standard exceedences in wells and springs have been reported for 73 sites in the basin. • The most frequently exceeded parameters in the sites measured in this basin were arsenic and fluoride. • Other parameters exceeded in the sites measured in this basin included radionuclides, nitrates, beryllium, antimony and total dissolved solids. 618 Section 3.14 Willcox Basin DRAFT Section 3.14 DRAFT Spring Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Willcox Basin Site Type Map Key A. Wells, Springs and Mines Township 10 South 12 South 12 South 12 South 12 South 12 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 13 South 14 South 14 South 14 South 14 South 14 South 14 South 14 South 14 South 14 South 14 South 14 South 14 South 14 South 14 South range 24 East 24 East 24 East 24 East 24 East 25 East 24 East 24 East 24 East 25 East 25 East 25 East 25 East 25 East 25 East 25 East 25 East 25 East 23 East 23 East 23 East 23 East 24 East 24 East 24 East 24 East 24 East 24 East 24 East 24 East 25 East 26 East Site Location Section 1 27 31 31 32 36 5 21 27 8 12 12 17 19 21 21 29 31 10 12 12 15 1 3 3 8 14 15 17 31 19 18 F, Rad F F As NO3 NO3 As, F As As As, F F, NO3 Rad As, F As, F As, F As, F As, F As, F Rad F F F Rad As, F F NO3 As, F F As, Pb F F Pb Parameter(s) exceeding Drinking Water Standard2 Table 3.14-7 Water Quality exceedences in the Willcox Basin1 619 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 620 Site Type Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Map Key 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 Township 14 South 14 South 14 South 14 South 15 South 15 South 15 South 15 South 15 South 15 South 16 South 16 South 16 South 16 South 16 South 16 South 16 South 16 South 16 South 16 South 16 South 16 South 16 South 16 South 16 South 16 South 16 South 16 South 16 South 17 South 17 South 17 South 17 South A. Wells, Springs and Mines (con't) range 26 East 26 East 26 East 27 East 23 East 24 East 24 East 24 East 25 East 25 East 24 East 24 East 24 East 24 East 24 East 24 East 24 East 25 East 25 East 25 East 25 East 25 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 26 East 29 East 25 East 25 East 25 East 26 East Site Location Section 18 18 25 32 26 6 20 21 13 13 4 5 5 10 10 10 36 9 10 18 18 23 23 24 24 25 26 35 26 9 9 23 6 NO3 As Rad Rad NO3 As, F TDS As, F NO3 NO3 Be Be Be Be Be Be F F Sb, NO3 F F NO3 F F F F F F F, Rad NO3 As F F Section 3.14 Parameter(s) exceeding Drinking Water Standard2 Table 3.14-7 Water Quality exceedances in the Willcox Basin1 Willcox Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Section 3.14 DRAFT Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Well 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 Site Type Site Name Township 17 South 17 South 17 South 17 South 17 South 17 South 18 South 18 South Area of Impaired Lake (in acres) Section 11 25 19 19 30 12 5 1 None identified by ADWR at this time Length of Impaired Stream reach (in miles) range 26 East 26 East 27 East 27 East 27 East 29 East 25 East 26 East Site Location Willcox Basin Notes: Because of map scale, feature locations may appear different than the location indicated on the table 1 Water quality samples collected between 1981 and 2004. 2 Sb = Antimony As = Arsenic Be = Beryllium F= Fluoride Pb = Lead NO3 = Nitrate/Nitrite Rad = One or more of the following radionuclides - Gross Alpha, Gross Beta, Radium, and Uranium TDS = Total Dissolved Solids Map Key B. Lakes and Streams Site Type Map Key A. Wells, Springs and Mines (con't) Designated Use Standard3 Parameter(s) exceeding Use Standard2 F F F F F F, Rad As F Parameter(s) exceeding Drinking Water Standard2 Table 3.14-7 Water Quality exceedances in the Willcox Basin1 621 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R24E T8S R22E 1 266 GRAHAM COUNTY T10S T12S T14S 2 5 3 4 6 7 10 11, 12 13 15 R26E 8 14 16 9 25 17 20 21 24 18 Willcox 19 26 32 27 23 33 29 34 22 31 28 30 35 38 36 186 41 42 40 10 R28E 39 37 T16S 50 44 43 46 51 52 45 48 47 53 54 49 65 62 63 191 64 72 R30E COCHISE 55 59 60 66 COUNTY 56 57 58 68 67 61 186 71 69 70 73 181 T18S T20S 0 6 12 Miles Well, Spring or Mine Site with Recorded MCL Exceedence 1 Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES 622 Figure 3.14-9 Willcox Basin Water Quality Conditions Unconsolidated Sediments COUNTY Major Road City, Town or Place Section 3.14 Willcox Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.14.8 Cultural Water Demands in the Willcox Basin Cultural water demand data including population, number of wells and the average well pumpage and surface water diversions by the municipal, industrial and agricultural sectors are shown in Table 3.14-8. Effluent generation including facility ownership, location, population served and not served, volume treated, disposal method and treatment level is shown on Table 3.14-9. Figure 3.14-10 shows the location of demand centers. A description of cultural water demand data sources and methods is found in Volume 1, Section 1.3.5. More detailed information on cultural water demands is found in Section 3.0.7. Cultural Water Demands • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Refer to Table 3.14-8 and Figure 3.14-10. Population has increased by about 3,000 residents from 1980 to 2000. Projections suggest an increase in population through 2050. Total groundwater use decreased from 1971 to 1990 and has increased from 1991 to 2003 due to agricultural pumpage, with an average of 182,600 acre-feet pumped per year in the period from 2001-2003. All surface water diversions are for municipal demand at Fort Grant, a state prison at the end of Highway 266, with less than 300 acre-feet diverted from 1991 – 2003. Over 90% of all water use in this basin is for agriculture. Agricultural demand has increased from 1991 with an average of 174,000 acre-feet of water pumped per year in the period from 2001-2003. Agricultural demand is widely distributed throughout the Sulphur Springs Valley down the center of the basin. This basin contains both the most overall groundwater demand in the planning area and the most groundwater demand for agriculture. Most high intensity municipal and industrial demand is found near Willcox. Low intensity municipal and industrial demand is located near Willcox and along Highway 191. Approximately 90% of municipal water supply is groundwater. There is one large active mine, Johnson Camp Mine, west of Interstate 10. There is one power plant, the Apache Station Generation Plant, in the vicinity of Highway 191. This is the only power plant in the planning area. As of 2003 there were 3,555 registered wells with a pumping capacity of less than or equal to 35 gallons per minute and 1,088 wells with a pumping capacity of more than 35 gallons per minute. Effluent Generation • Refer to Table 3.14-9. • There are three wastewater treatment facilities in the basin. • Almost 4,000 people are served by these facilities. • More than 500 acre-feet of effluent per year are generated in this basin. • One facility, the Willcox Wastewater Treatment Plant, discharges wastewater for golf course/turf irrigation. Section 3.14 DRAFT Willcox Basin 623 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Table 3.14-8 Cultural Water Demands in the Willcox Basin1 year recent (Census) and Projected (DeS) Population 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 9,064 1981 9,135 1982 9,206 1983 9,277 1984 9,347 1985 9,418 1986 9,489 1987 9,560 1988 9,631 1989 9,702 1990 9,773 1991 10,033 1992 10,294 1993 10,554 1994 10,814 1995 11,075 1996 11,335 1997 11,596 1998 11,856 1999 12,117 2000 12,377 2001 12,504 2002 12,632 2003 12,759 2010 13,652 2020 13,761 2030 14,050 2040 14,415 2050 14,934 ADDITIONAL WELLS: 3 WELL TOTALS: Average Annual Demand (in acre-feet) Number of registered Water Supply Wells Drilled Q < 35 gpm 2,239 2 Q > 35 gpm 999 Well Pumpage Surface-Water Diversions Municipal Industrial Irrigation Municipal Industrial Irrigation 308,000 NR 214,000 NR Data Source 2 ADWR (1994) 313 34 117,000 NR 244 23 86,000 NR 222 14 2,600 6,400 124,000 <300 NR NR 289 8 2,700 5,600 124,000 <300 NR NR 116 5 2,700 5,900 174,000 <300 NR NR 132 3,555 5 1,088 USGS (2005) Notes: NR - Not reported 1 Does not include evaporation losses from stockponds and reservoirs. 2 Includes all wells through June 1980. 3 Other water-supply wells are listed in the ADWR Well Registry for this basin, but they do not have completion dates. These wells are summed here. 624 Section 3.14 Willcox Basin DRAFT Clear Springs Utility Co Private Town of Willcox Clear Springs Utility WWTP Rip Griffin Truck/Travel Center Willcox WWTP Section 3.14 DRAFT Willcox Basin Notes: NA: Data not currently available to ADWR WWTP: Wastewater Treatment Plant Total Ownership facility Name Willcox Willcox Clear Springs City/Location Served 3,867 3,355 512 Population Served 551 504 47 Volume Treated/Generated (acre-feet/year) Watercourse X X Twin Lakes NA Golf evaporation Irrigation Course/Turf Pond Irrigation Wildlife Area Disposal Method Table 3.14-9 effluent Generation in the Willcox Basin Discharge to Another facility Groundwater recharge Secondary NA 79 2000 2003 year of record 625 Current Population Not Treatment Served Level Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R24E T8S R22E 266 GRAHAM COUNTY T10S T12S R26E Willcox T14S R28E COCHISE COUNTY 186 10 R30E 191 T16S 186 181 T18S T20S Demand Centers Agriculture M&I - High Intensity M&I - Low Intensity Large Mine Power Plant COUNTY Interstate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place 0 6 12 Miles Figure 3.14-10 Willcox Basin Cultural Water Demands c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Primary Data Source: USGS National Gap Analysis Program, 2004 626 Section 3.14 Willcox Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 3.14.9 Water Adequacy Determinations in the Willcox Basin Water adequacy determination information including the subdivision name, location, number of lots, adequacy determination, reason for the inadequacy determination, date of determination and subdivision water provider are shown in Table 3.14-10. Figure 3.14-11 shows the locations of subdivisions keyed to the Table. A description of the Water Adequacy Program is found in Volume 1, Appendix A. Adequacy determination data sources and methods are found in Volume 1, Sections 1.3.1. • • • • A total of 20 water adequacy determinations have been made in this basin through May, 2005. 10 determinations of inadequacy have been made, all in the vicinity of Sunsites west of Highway 191. All determinations of inadequacy were because the applicant chose not to submit necessary information and/or available hydrologic data was insufficient to make a determination and poor water quality. All lots receiving an adequacy determination are in Cochise County. Of the 1,577 lots, 989 or 62% were determined to be adequate. Section 3.14 DRAFT Willcox Basin 627 628 Cochise Arizona Bell Country Club #3 Arizona Sunsites Arizona Sunsites # 1 1 2 3 Arizona Sunsites # 5 Arizona Sunsites # 6 Arizona Sunsites # 7 Arizona Sunsites # 8 Branding Iron Estates Foremost Subdivision Stronghold Mobile Estates 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Treasuredale Heights Twin Peaks 19 20 Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise Cochise 24 East 17 South 14 South 17 South 18 South 17 South 17 South 17 South 16 South 17 South 17 South 13 South 17 South 16 South 16 South 17 South 17 South 18 South 26 East 25 East 24 East 25 East 25 East 25 East 26 East 24 East 25 East 24 East 25 East 24 East 25 East 25 East 24 East 24 East 24 East 24 East 16 South 17 South 25 East 25 East range 17 South 13 South Township Location 18 19 14, 22, 24 19 19 19 31 14 9 11 30 30 45 26 45 6 45 466 NA 50 46 12 NA 211 4, 9, 10 35 31 216 13, 14, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 35 22, 23, 26, 27, 28 23 65 NA 102 154 1 21, 27, 28, 33, 34 4, 9, 10, 15, 16 33 18, 19 15 Section No. of Lots 22-300037 22-400198 22-300354 22-300064 ADWr file No.2 Adequate Adequate Inadequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Inadequate Adequate Adequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate Adequate Adequate ADWr Adequacy Determination A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 reason(s) for Inadequacy Determination3 05/12/80 12/15/78 07/28/95 12/17/78 05/27/94 12/15/78 10/11/74 11/10/82 11/10/99 11/14/78 01/12/93 01/12/93 01/12/93 01/12/93 01/12/93 09/03/97 01/12/93 03/14/96 07/22/82 03/11/74 Date of Determination Dry Lot Subdivision Clear Springs Water Company Dry Lot Subdivision Clear Springs Water Company Clear Springs Water Company Clear Springs Water Company Dry Lot Subdivision Dry Lot Subdivision Dry Lot Subdivision Dry Lot Subdivision Dry Lot Subdivision Dry Lot Subdivision Dry Lot Subdivision Dry Lot Subdivision Dry Lot Subdivision Dry Lot Subdivision Dry Lot Subdivision Dry Lot Subdivision Hidden Valley Water Company Clear Springs Water Company Water Provider at the Time of Application Section 3.14 Notes: 1 Each determination of the adequacy of water supplies available to a subdivision is based on the information available to ADWR and the standards of review and policies in effect at the time the determination was made. In some cases, ADWR might make a different determination if a similar application were submitted today, based on the hydrologic data and other information currently available, as well as current rules and policies. 2 Prior to February 1995, ADWR did not assign file numbers to applications for adequacy determination. 3 A. Physical/Continuous 1) Insufficient Data (applicant chose not to submit necessary information, and/or available hydrologic data insufficient to make determination) 2) Insufficient Supply (existing water supply unreliable or physically unavaible;for groundwater, depth-to-water exceeds criteria) 3) Insufficient Infrastructure (distribution system is insufficient to meet demands or applicant proposed water hauling) B. Legal (applicant failed to demonstrate a legal right to use the water or failed to demonstrate the provider's legal authority to serve the subdivision) C. Water Quality D. Unable to locate records NA= Data not currently available to ADWR Sunsites Ranches 18 17 16 15 14 Arizona Sunsites # 4 6 Sunny Acres of Arizona # 1, 2 Sunsite Heights Block 22 Sunsite Heights Blocks 5 & 8 Sunsite Townhouses # 1A Cochise 5 Cochise Cochise Arizona Sunsites # 2 Arizona Sunsites # 3 Blks 330-428 4 Cochise Cochise County Subdivision Name Map Key Table 3.14-10 Adequacy Determinations in the Willcox Basin1 Willcox Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 R24E T8S R22E 266 GRAHAM COUNTY T10S T12S 11 R26E 1 Willcox 20 T14S R28E 186 10 R30E 9 3 12 6 2 13 T18S 4 15 7 5 18 COCHISE COUNTY 8 191 T16S 10 14 186 16 17 19 181 T20S 0 6 12 Miles Adequacy Determinations Adequate Inadequate Consolidated Crystalline & Sedimentary Rocks Unconsolidated Sediments Figure 3.14-11 Willcox Basin Adequacy Determinations c O ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Section 3.14 DRAFT Willcox Basin COUNTY Interstate Highway Major Road City, Town or Place 629 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Willcox Basin References and Supplemental Reading References A Anderson, T.W., and Freethey, G.W., 1995, Simulation of groundwater flow in alluvial basins in south central Arizona and parts of adjacent states: USGS Professional Paper 1406-D. *Anning, D.W. and Duet, N.R., 1994, Summary of ground-water conditions in Arizona, 1987-90, USGS Open-file Report 94-476. Arizona Corporation Commission, 2005, Annual reports Private sewer companies, 1990 to 2005: ACC Utilities Division. _____, 2005, Annual reports, Small water providers, 1990 to 2005: ACC Utilities Division. * Arizona Department of Economic Security, 2005, Workforce Informer: Data file, accessed August 2005, http://www.workforce.az.gov. Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, 2005, Active dairy farms & feedlots: Data file, received October 2005. *____, 2005, ADEQSWI: Data file, received September 2005. *____, 2005, ADEQWATP: Data file, received May 2005. *____, 2005, ADEQWWTP: Data file, received August 2005. *____, 2005, Azurite: Data file, received September 2005. _____, 2005, Effluent dependent waters: GIS cover, received December 2005. _____, 2005, Impaired lakes and reaches: GIS cover, received January 2006. *____, 2005, Surface water sources used by water providers: Data file, received June 2005. *____,2005, WWTP and permit files: Miscellaneous working files, received July 2005. *____, 2004, Water providers with arsenic concentrations in wells over 10ppb: Data file, received August 2004. *____, 2004, Water quality exceedences by watershed: Data file, received June 2004. *____, 2004, Water quality exceedences for drinking water providers in Arizona: Data file, received September 2004. * Arizona Department of Mines and Mineral Resources (ADMMR), 2005, Active mines in Arizona: Database, accessed at http:// www.admmr.state.az.us. * Arizona Department of Water Resources, 2006, Assured and adequate water supply applications: Project files, ADWR Hydrology Division. _____, 2005, Agricultural Surface Water Use Estimates: Unpublished analysis, ADWR Office of Resource Assessment Planning. *____, 2005, Automated recorder sites: Data files, ADWR Basic Data Unit. _____, 2005, 2004 rural water provider questionnaire: Data files, ADWR Office of Resource Assessment Planning. *____, 2005, Assured and adequate water supply determinations: Database, ADWR Office of Assured and Adequate Water Supply. *____, 2005, Flood warning gages: Database, ADWR Office of Water Engineering.  All references marked with an asterisk contain information that was directly used in the basin summaries, tables or maps. 630 Section 3.14 Willcox Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 _____, 2005, Inspected dams: Database, ADWR Office of Dam Safety. _____, 2005, Non-jurisdictional dams: Database, ADWR Office of Dam Safety. *____, 2005, Groundwater Site Inventory (GWSI): Database, ADWR Hydrology Division. *____, 2005, Registry of surface water rights: ADWR Office of Water Management. *____, 2005, Water use by golf courses in rural Arizona: Unpublished analysis, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 2005, Wells55: Database. _____, 2004, Rural Water Resources 2003 Questionnaire Report: Rural water resources study, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 2002, Groundwater quality exceedences in rural Arizona from 1975 to 2001: Data file, ADWR Office of Regional Strategic Planning. *____, 1994, Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Vol. I, Inventory and Analysis. *____, 1994, Arizona Water Resources Assessment, Vol. II, Hydrologic Summary. * Arizona Game and Fish Department, 2005, Arizona Waterways: Data file, received April 2005. *____, 1997 & 1993, Statewide riparian inventory and mapping project: GIS cover. _____, 1982, Arizona Lakes Classification Study. * Arizona Land Resource Information System (ALRIS), 2005, Surface Beneficiaries, GIS cover, accessed September 2006 at http://sco.az.gov/website/parcels/viewer.htm *____, 2005, Springs: GIS cover, accessed January 2006 at http://www.land.state.az. us/alris/index.html. *____, 2005, Streams: GIS cover, accessed 2005 at http://www.land.state.az.us /alris/index.html. *____, 2005, Water features: GIS cover, accessed July 2005 at http://www.land.state. az.us/alris/ index.html. *____, 2004, Land ownership: GIS cover, accessed in 2004 at http://www.land.state.az. us/alris/index.html. *Arizona Meteorological Network (AZMET), 2005, Arizona climate stations: Pan evaporation date, accessed December 2005 at http://www.ag.arizona.edu/ azmet/locate.html. *Arizona Water Commission, 1975, Summary, Phase I, Arizona State Water Plan, Inventory of resource and uses. B *Buck Lewis Engineering Inc., 1981, Report on Adequacy of Water Supply for Arizona Sun Sites. *Bureau of Land Management, 2005, Springs in the Safford region: Data file received January 2005. D *Dickens, Chuck M., 2004, Hydrogeologic Evaluation & Water Supply Development, Winchester Project, Cochise County, Arizona Diroll, M., and Marsh, D., 2006, Status of water quality in Arizona-2004 integrated 305(b) assessment and 303(d) listing report: ADEQ report. E Environmental Protection Agency, 2005, Surf Your Watershed: Facility reports, accessed April 2005 at http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/ef_home2.water. Section 3.14 DRAFT Willcox Basin 631 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 _____, 2005, 2000 and 1996, Clean Watershed Needs Survey: datasets, accessed March 2005 at http://www.epa.gov/owm/ mtb/cwns/index.htm. F *Fisk, G.G., Duet, D.W., Evans, C.E., Angernoth, N.K., and Longsworth, S.A., 2004, Water Resources Data, Arizona Water Year 2003: USGS Water-Data Report AZ-03-1. *Freethey, G.W. and Anderson, T.W. 1986, Predevelopment hydrologic conditions in the alluvial basins of Arizona and adjacent parts of California and New Mexico: USGS Hydrologic Investigations Atlas-HA664. K Konieczki, A.D. and Wilson, R.P., 1992, Annual summary of ground-water conditions in Arizona, spring 1986 to spring 1987: USGS Open File Report 92-54. M McCormack, H.F., Fisk, G.G., Duet, N.R., Evans, D.W., Roberts, W.P., and Castillo, N.K., 2002, Water resources data Arizona, water year 2002: USGS Water Data Report AZ-02-1. N Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), 2005, SNOTEL (Snowpack Telemetry) stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www3.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov/ nwcc/ sntlsites.jsp?state=AZ. _____, 2005, Snow Course stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www.wcc.nrcs. usda.gov/nwcc/snow-course-sites.jsp?state=AZ O *Oregon State University, Spatial Climate Analysis Service (SCAS), 2006, Average annual precipitation in Arizona for 1961-1990: PRISM GIS cover, accessed in 2006 at www.ocs. orst.edu/prism. P *Pope, G.L., Rigas, P.D., and Smith, C.F., 1998, Statistical summaries of streamflow data and characteristics of drainage basins for selected streamflow-gaging stations in Arizona through water year 1996: USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 98-4225. S Sundie, D.W., 1990, Draft outline of basin profiles for the state water assessment: ADWR Statewide Planning Division, Memorandum to L. Linser, January, 16, 1990. T *Tadayon, S., 2004, Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectric-power, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of the active management areas, 1991-2000: USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5293, 27 pp. *Towne, D. 2001, Ambient groundwater quality of the Willcox basin: 1999 baseline study: ADEQ Open File Report 2001-09. 632 Section 3.14 Willcox Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 U US Army Corps of Engineers, 2004 and 2005, National Inventory of Dams: Arizona Dataset, accessed November 2004 to April 2005 at http://crunch.tec.army.mil/nid/ webpages/nid. cfm *US Geological Survey, 2006, Average annual runoff in the United States, 1951-1980: Data file, accessed March 2006 at http://aa179.cr.usgs.gov/metadata /wrdmeta/runoff.htm. *____, 2006, Springs and spring discharges: Dataset, received November 2004 and January 2006 from USGS office in Tucson, AZ. *____, 2006, National Hydrography Dataset: Arizona dataset, accessed at http://nhd.usgs.gov/. *____, 2005, National Water Information System (NWIS): Arizona dataset, accessed December 2005 at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis. *____, 2005, Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectric-power, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of the active management areas, 2000-2005: Data file, received December 2005. *____, 2004, Southwest Regional Gap analysis study- land cover descriptions: Electronic file, accessed January 2005 at http://earth.gis.usu.edu/swgap. *____, 1981, Geographic digital data for 1:500,000 scale maps: USGS National Mapping Program Data Users Guide. V Valencia, R.A., Wennerlund, J.A., Winstead, R.A., Woods, S., Riley, L., Swanson, E., and Olson, S., 1993, Arizona riparian inventory and mapping project: Arizona Game and Fish Department. W Wahl, C.R., Boe, S.R., Wennerlund, R.A., Winstead, R.A., Allison, L.J., Kubly, D.M., 1997, Remote sensing mapping of Arizona intermittent stream riparian areas: Arizona Game \ and Fish Technical Report 112. Water Infrastructure Finance Authority of Arizona (WIFA), 2005, Clean Watershed Needs Survey-2004: Unpublished data sheets, received July 2005. Western Regional Climate Center (WRCC), 2005, Pan evaporation stations: Data file accessed December 2005 at http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwDI~GetCity~USA. *____, 2005, Precipitation and temperature stations: Data file, accessed December 2005 at http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwDI~GetCity~USA. Wilson, R.P., 1992, Summary of groundwater conditions in Arizona 1985 to 1986: USGS Water Resources Investigation Report, 90-4179. Supplemental Reading Anning, D.W., 2003, Assessment of selected inorganic constituents in streams in the central basins study area, Arizona and northern New Mexico, through 1998: USGS Water Resource Investigations Report 03-4063. Cordy, G.E., Gellenbeck, D.J., Gebler, J.B., Anning, D.W., Coes, A.L., Edmonds, R.J. Rees, J.A., and Sanger, H.W., 2000, Water quality in the central Arizona basins, Section 3.14 DRAFT Willcox Basin 633 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Arizona, 1995-1998: USGS Circular 1213. Duncan, J.T., and Spencer, J. E., 1993, “Uranium and Radon in Southeastern Arizona” in Radon in Arizona: USGS Bulletin 1999 p. 40-42. Gebler, J.B., 2000, Organochlorine compounds in streambed sediment and in biological tissue from streams and their relations to land use, Central Arizona: USGS Water Investigations Report 00-4041. Oram, P. III, 1993, Maps showing groundwater conditions in the Willcox basin, Cochise and Graham Counties, Arizona 1989: ADWR, Hydrologic Map Series #25. Robertson, F.N., 1991, Geochemistry of groundwater in alluvial basins of Arizona, and adjacent parts of Nevada, New Mexico and California: USGS Professional Paper 1406-C. Santec Consulting and JE Fuller/ Hydrology & Geomorphology, Inc., 2000, Small and minor watercourses analysis for Cochise County, Arizona: Arizona State Land Department, Final Report. United States Geological Survey, 2005, Hydrogeologic investigations of the middle San Pedro, Detrital and Willcox basins, Arizona: USGS draft report. 634 Section 3.14 Willcox Basin DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Willcox Basin Index to Section 3.0 Geography 4 Hydrology 6, 7 Environmental Conditions Conservation Areas, Refuges and Preserves 19 Population 20, 21, 22 Water Supply Surface Water 23 Groundwater 24 Effluent 25 Cultural Water Demand 30 Municipal Demand 31, 32, 33 Agricultural Demand 1, 28, 34, 35, 36 Industrial Demand 38, 40 Water Resource Issues in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area Watershed Groups 43 Issue Surveys 44, 47 Section 3.14 DRAFT Willcox Basin 635 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ADEQ ADMMR ADWR AEPCO af AGFD ALERT ALRIS ANP AMA ASARCO AWPF AZMET BLM BOR CAP CERCLA CLIMAS DES DNT DOD ENSO EPA ESA FCD GIS GRIC gpcd gpd gpm GVID GWSI INA LUST M&I NHD NOAA NPS NRCD NRCS NWIS NWR NWS DRAFT Arizona Department of Environmental Quality Arizona Department of Mines and Mineral Resources Arizona Department of Water Resources Arizona Electric Power Cooperative Acre-feet Arizona Game and Fish Department Automated Local Evaluation in Real Time Arizona Land Resource Information System Apache Nitrogen Products Inc. Active Management Area American Smelting and Refining Company Arizona Water Protection Fund Arizona Meteorological Network United States Bureau of Land Management United States Bureau of Reclamation Central Arizona Project Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act Climate Assessment for the Southwest Arizona Department of Economic Security Dinitoglycerine United States Department of Defense El Niño-Southern Oscillation Environmental Protection Agency Endangered Species Act Flood Control District Geographic Information System Gila River Indian Community Gallons per capita per day Gallons per day Gallons per minute Gila Valley Irrigation District Groundwater Site Inventory System Irrigation Non-expansion Area Leaking Underground Storage Tank Municipal and Industrial National Hydrography Dataset National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration United States National Park Service Natural Resources Conservation District Natural Resources Conservation Service National Water Information System National Wildlife Refuge National Weather Service 636 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Pan ET PDO PWUA SDID SNOTEL SPRNCA SX/EW TDS TNC Pan Evapotranspiration Pacific Decadal Oscillation Pomerene Water Users Association Saint David Irrigation District SNOpack TELemetry San Pedro Riparian National Conservation Area Solvent extraction/electrowinning Total Dissolved Solids The Nature Conservancy USFS USFWS USGS USPP UVD VRP WIFA WQARF WRCC WWTF WWTP United States Forest Service Unites States Fish and Wildlife Service United States Geological Survey Upper San Pedro Partnership Upper Valley Districts Voluntary Remediation Program Water Infrastructure Finance Authority Water Quality Assurance Revolving Fund Western Regional Climate Center Wastewater Treatment Facility Wastewater Treatment Plant TMDL TNT 637 Total Maximum Daily Load Trinitroglycerin DRAFT Appendix A 638 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 APPENDIX A: Arizona Water Protection Fund Projects in the Southeastern Arizona Planning Area through 2005 Groundwater Basin Project Title/Grant # Project Category Aravaipa Canyon Klondyke Tailings Response Strategy Analysis (RSA)/96-0014 Research Cienega Creek Refinement of Geologic Model, Lower Cienega Basin, Pima County, Arizona/95-016 Research Cienega Creek Hydrogeologic Investigation of Groundwater Movement and Sources of Base Flow to Sonoita Creek and Implementation of LongTerm Monitoring Program/96-0006 Research Cienega Creek Cienega Creek Stream Restoration/96-0020 Cienega Creek Oak Tree Gully Stabilization/97-034 Cienega Creek Empire/Cienega/Empirita Fencing Project/������ 98-049 Fencing Cienega Creek Lower Cienega Creek Restoration Evaluation Project/99-068 Research Cienega Creek Redrock Riparian Improvement/99-090 Douglas Hay Mountain Watershed Rehabilitation/98066 Stream Restoration & Revegetation Upland Channel Restoration Fencing & Water Developments Watershed Restoration Duncan Valley Gila Box Riparian and Water Quality Improvement Project/95-014 Fencing & Upland Water Developments Lower San Pedro Watershed Improvement to Restore Riparian and Aquatic Habitat on the Muleshoe Ranch CMA/97-035 Fencing & Watershed Restoration Lower San Pedro Bingham Cienega Riparian Restoration Project/97-040 Lower San Pedro San Pedro River Preserve Riparian Habitat Restoration Project/97-044 639 Revegetation Habitat Restoration APPENDICES DRAFT Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Groundwater Basin Project Title/Grant # Project Category Lower San Pedro Riparian and Watershed Enhancements on the A7 Ranch – Lower San Pedro River/99-069 Fencing & Upland Water Developments Lower San Pedro Lower San Pedro Watershed Project/00-109 Feasibility Study Lower San Pedro Cooperative Grazing Management for Riparian Improvement on the San Pedro/00111 Fencing & Upland Water Developments Channel Restoration Morenci Blue Box Crossing/99-077 Morenci Upper Eagle Creek Restoration on East Eagle Allotment: 4 Drag Ranch/00-102 Morenci Georges Lake Riparian Restoration Project/05-129 Safford Eagle Creek Watershed Stabilization/96-0012 Safford San Carlos Spring Protection Project/96-0018 Fencing Safford Abandonment of an Artesian Geothermal Well/96-0015 Habitat Protection Safford Creation of a Reference Riparian Area in the Gila Valley – Discovery Park/97-028 Habitat Restoration Safford Stable Isotopes as Tracers of Water Quality Constituents in the Upper Gila River/97-036 Research Safford Tritium as a Tracer of Groundwater Sources and Movement in the Upper Gila River Drainage/98-052 Research Safford Fluvial Geomorphology Study and Demonstration Projects to Enhance and Restore Riparian Habitat on the Gila River from the New Mexico Border/98-054 Research Safford Abandonment of Gila Oil Syndicate Well #1/99-086 Habitat Protection APPENDICES DRAFT and Fencing & Upland Water Developments Fencing & Habitat Protection Riparian Fencing & Upland Water Developments 640 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 Groundwater Basin Project Title/Grant # Project Category Gila Reference Riparian Area, Discovery Park/00-099 Revegetation San Rafael Santa Cruz Headwaters Project/97-045 Fencing & Upland Water Developments San Rafael Upper Santa Cruz Watershed Restoration/99096 Fencing & Upland Water Developments Upper San Pedro Regeneration and Survivorship of Arizona Sycamore/95-009 Research Upper San Pedro Preservation of the San Pedro River Utilizing Effluent Recharge/95-005 Constructed Wetland Upper San Pedro San Pedro Riparian National Conservation Area Watershed Rehabilitation/ Restoration Project/95-015 Revegetation & Upland Channel Restoration Upper San Pedro Autecology and Restoration of Sporobolus Wrightii Riparian Grasslands in Southern Arizona/95-018 Research Upper San Pedro Teran Watershed Enhancement/95-020 Upper San Pedro Happy Valley Riparian Area Restoration Project/96-0013 Fencing Upper San Pedro San Pedro Riparian National Conservation Area Watershed Protection and Improvement Project/96-0001 Fencing Upper San Pedro Lyle Canyon Allotment Restoration Project/97027 Upper San Pedro Lyle Canyon Allotment Riparian Area Restoration Project --- Phase 2/99-070 Willcox Cottonwood Creek Restoration/03-116 Safford 641 Upland Channel Restoration Fencing & Upland Water Developments Fencing & Upland Water Developments Upland Channel Restoration APPENDICES DRAFT Appendix B 642 Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 643 Eagle Creek Partnership Middle San Pedro Watershed Partnership (Community Watershed Alliance) Watershed Partnership USDA/ARS USBoR USGS USGS ADWR Local ranchers & special interest groups NRCD Coop Extension ADWR ADEQ TNC J-Six Mescal HOA St. David Irrigation District Pomerene Irrigation District Local Citizenry Cochise County Benson Primary Participants SOUTHEASTERN ARIZONA PLANNING AREA • • • • • • Stream Reconnaissance study completed. • • • • • • • • • • APPENDICES DRAFT Little or no groundwater data available Unresolved Indian water rights settlements Limited funding resources for planning, projects, infrastructure and studies Growth proposed in the Benson area Limited groundwater data Different perceptions of issues and goals within the area between Benson, irrigation districts, local citizenry, and the Upper San Pedro Partnership Unable to get principle players to the table to discuss water Unregulated lot splits New arsenic drinking water standard Limited funding resources for planning, projects, infrastructure and studies ESA issues Superfund site/poor quality groundwater conditions Potential impact of adjudication court subflow definition Limited funding resources for planning, projects, infrastructure and studies Cursory groundwater study completed. AMA evaluation completed. Active agricultural fields identified and surveyed HSR completed 7-year comprehensive groundwater study and numeric model development initiated. • Issues Projects & Accomplishments • • • Rural watershed partnership participants, projects, accomplishments and issues are summarized below and grouped by planning area. APPENDIX B: Rural Watershed Partnership Issues Summary (2005) APPENDICES DRAFT Lower San Pedro Watershed PartnershipRedington NRCD Gila Watershed Partnership Watershed Partnership USFS NRCS/RCD BLM USBoR ADWR NRCD/RCD Redington Cascabel Local ranchers AZG&F Coop Extension ADWR ADEQ Safford Thatcher Pima Graham County Greenlee County Duncan Primary Participants Watershed reconnaissance study completed. Fluvial Geomorphology Study Water demand study Development of water resource management plan for the watershed area initiated Capped several saline wells contributing to the degradation in water quality of the Gila River Resin bush eradication project completed. • • • • • • Projects & Accomplishments SOUTHEASTERN ARIZONA PLANNING AREA (continued) • • • • 644 Unresolved adjudication and Indian water rights settlement issues Little or no groundwater data Opposition to government assistance in obtaining groundwater information Potential impacts of adjudication court subflow definition Limited funding resources for planning, projects, infrastructure and studies • • • • • • • • • • • Indian water rights settlement issues Poor quality surface and groundwater Growth associated with new Phelps Dodge mine and unregulated lot splits ESA issues throughout the watershed, critical habitat designation, and mitigation efforts Desire to maintain rural setting and especially maintaining agriculture at current or higher levels Lack of technical data on the groundwater system Invasive species issues impacting the surface water supply (tamarisk) Potential impacts of adjudication court subflow definition New arsenic drinking water standard Drought impacts on surface water supplies, agriculture and cattle ranching Numerous high hazard unsafe dams in area Limited funding resources for planning, projects, infrastructure and studies Regular flooding in the Duncan-Virden area • • • Issues Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 645 Upper San Pedro Partnership Watershed Partnership ADEQ NRCD Huachuca Ft. Huachuca Huachuca City Tombstone USF&W USFS BLM USDA/ARS USGS USBoR Coronado National Monument ADWR AACD State Land TNC Audubon Bella Vista Water Sierra Vista Cochise County Bisbee Primary Participants • • • • • • • • • • • • Comprehensive groundwater study Numeric groundwater model Phase I of Decision Support System model completed. San Pedro Riparian National Conservation Area Water Demand study Recharge study of detention basins Engineering design to transfer effluent from Huachuca City to Ft. Huachuca for treatment and recharge Partially funded transfer of treated effluent from new Bisbee wastewater treatment plant for use by Turquoise Valley golf course. Second iteration of water conservation & management plan completed. Section 321 Report to Congress submitted annually. Funded more than $1,000,000 in conservation projects in watershed. Conduct public outreach and educational forums Appraisal study of five water augmentation projects initiated. Projects & Accomplishments SOUTHEASTERN ARIZONA PLANNING AREA (continued) • • • • • • • • • • • • • Issues APPENDICES DRAFT Impacts on endangered species Federal mandate to achieve sustainability by 2011 Lawsuits from environmental groups Anticipated growth Potential impacts on riparian regime by continuation of current pumping Political obstacles from potential water augmentation projects Potential loss of Ft. Huachuca Interbasin transfer prohibition Potential impacts of adjudication court subflow definition Pumping impacts by Mexico on the San Pedro River and downstream users Unregulated lot splits Limited funding resources for planning, projects, infrastructure and studies High cost of augmentation projects Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3 APPENDICES DRAFT A Cienega Creek watershed group has been meeting fairly regularly to evaluate water conditions. • 646 Willcox Basin has been averaging 140,000 acre-feet of annual groundwater mining for the past 10 years causing some concern. A watershed partnership for this area is currently being organized and ADWR has initiated a three-year groundwater study of the Willcox Basin with the USGS. • Douglas Basin is experiencing significant groundwater declines. Groundwater pumping is estimated at about 54,000 acre-feet per year, an increase from 43,000 in five years. ADWR has initiated a three-year groundwater study with the USGS for the Douglas Basin. • OTHER AREAS OF INTEREST: Arizona Water Atlas Volume 3