2005 Periodic Emission Inventory
for
Ozone Precursors

for the
Maricopa County, Arizona, Nonattainment Area

September 2008

This page intentionally blank.

2005 PERIODIC EMISSION INVENTORY
FOR OZONE PRECURSORS
Table of Contents
1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5

Overview............................................................................................................................. 1
Agencies responsible for the emissions inventory.............................................................. 1
Temporal scope................................................................................................................... 2
Geographic scope................................................................................................................ 2
Overview of local demographic and land-use data............................................................. 3
1.5.1 Demographic profile ................................................................................................ 3
1.5.2 Land-use data ........................................................................................................... 3
1.6 Emissions overview by source category ............................................................................. 4
1.6.1 Point sources ............................................................................................................ 4
1.6.2 Area sources ............................................................................................................. 4
1.6.3 Nonroad mobile sources........................................................................................... 5
1.6.4 Onroad mobile sources............................................................................................. 6
1.6.5 Biogenic sources ...................................................................................................... 6
1.6.6 All sources................................................................................................................ 6
2. Point Sources .......................................................................................................................... 11
2.1 Introduction and scope...................................................................................................... 11
2.2 Identification of point sources .......................................................................................... 12
2.3 Procedures for estimating emissions from point sources.................................................. 16
2.3.1 Application of rule effectiveness ........................................................................... 16
2.3.2 Example 1: Ocotillo Power Plant........................................................................... 17
2.3.3 Example 2: Rogers Corp. Advanced Circuit Materials.......................................... 18
2.4 Summary of point source emissions ................................................................................. 19
2.4.1 Point source emissions by geographic location ..................................................... 19
2.4.2 Point source emissions by process type ................................................................. 23
2.5 Emission reduction credits................................................................................................ 23
2.6 Quality assurance / quality control procedures................................................................. 24
2.6.1 Emission survey preparation and data collection................................................... 24
2.6.2 Submission processing ........................................................................................... 24
2.6.3 Analysis of annual point source emissions data for this inventory........................ 26
2.7 References......................................................................................................................... 26
3. Area Sources ........................................................................................................................... 27
3.1 Scope and methodology.................................................................................................... 27
3.2 Fuel combustion................................................................................................................ 28
3.2.1 Industrial natural gas .............................................................................................. 29
3.2.2 Industrial fuel oil .................................................................................................... 30
3.2.3 Commercial/institutional natural gas ..................................................................... 32
3.2.4 Commercial/institutional fuel oil ........................................................................... 34
3.2.5 Residential natural gas ........................................................................................... 36
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3.3

3.4

3.5

3.6

3.7

3.2.6 Residential wood combustion ................................................................................ 37
3.2.7 Residential fuel oil ................................................................................................. 38
Industrial processes........................................................................................................... 39
3.3.1 Chemical manufacturing ........................................................................................ 39
3.3.2 Food and kindred products..................................................................................... 40
3.3.2.1 Commercial cooking................................................................................. 40
3.3.2.2 Bakeries..................................................................................................... 41
3.3.3 Secondary metal production................................................................................... 43
3.3.4 Non-metallic mineral processes ............................................................................. 43
3.3.5 Rubber/plastics....................................................................................................... 43
3.3.6 Electric equipment manufacturing ......................................................................... 45
3.3.7 State-permitted portable sources ............................................................................ 46
3.3.8 Industrial processes, not elsewhere classified........................................................ 46
Solvent use ........................................................................................................................ 47
3.4.1 Surface coating....................................................................................................... 47
3.4.1.1 Architectural coatings ............................................................................... 47
3.4.1.2 Auto refinishing ........................................................................................ 47
3.4.1.3 Traffic markings........................................................................................ 48
3.4.1.4 Factory-finished wood .............................................................................. 49
3.4.1.5 Wood furniture.......................................................................................... 50
3.4.1.6 Aircraft surface coating............................................................................. 51
3.4.1.7 Miscellaneous manufacturing ................................................................... 52
3.4.2 Degreasing ............................................................................................................. 53
3.4.3 Dry cleaning ........................................................................................................... 55
3.4.4 Graphic arts ............................................................................................................ 55
3.4.5 Miscellaneous industrial solvent use...................................................................... 56
3.4.6 Agricultural pesticide application .......................................................................... 58
3.4.7 Consumer and commercial solvent use.................................................................. 60
3.4.8 Asphalt application................................................................................................. 60
Storage and transport ........................................................................................................ 63
3.5.1 Bulk plants/terminals ............................................................................................. 63
3.5.2 Volatile organic liquid (VOL) storage and transport ............................................. 63
3.5.3 Petroleum tanker truck fuel delivery...................................................................... 63
3.5.4 Petroleum tanker trucks in transit .......................................................................... 64
3.5.5 Service stations, breathing/emptying ..................................................................... 65
3.5.6 Vehicle refueling.................................................................................................... 65
Waste treatment and disposal............................................................................................ 66
3.6.1 On-site incineration................................................................................................ 66
3.6.2 Open burning.......................................................................................................... 67
3.6.3 Landfills ................................................................................................................. 70
3.6.4 Publicly owned treatment works (POTWs) ........................................................... 70
3.6.5 Remediation of leaking underground storage tanks............................................... 70
3.6.6 Other industrial waste disposal .............................................................................. 71
Miscellaneous area sources............................................................................................... 72
3.7.1 Other combustion ................................................................................................... 72
3.7.1.1 Wildfires ................................................................................................... 72
3.7.1.2 Prescribed fires.......................................................................................... 74
3.7.1.3 Structure fires............................................................................................ 74

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3.7.1.4 Vehicle fires .............................................................................................. 76
3.7.1.5 Engine testing............................................................................................ 77
3.7.2 Health services ....................................................................................................... 77
3.7.2.1 Hospitals ................................................................................................... 77
3.7.2.2 Crematories ............................................................................................... 78
3.7.3 Accidental releases................................................................................................. 78
3.8 Summary of all area sources ............................................................................................. 79
3.9 Quality assurance / quality control procedures................................................................. 82
3.10 References......................................................................................................................... 83
4. Nonroad Mobile Sources ....................................................................................................... 87
4.1 Introduction....................................................................................................................... 87
4.2 Agricultural equipment ..................................................................................................... 88
4.3 Airport ground support equipment.................................................................................... 89
4.4 Commercial equipment..................................................................................................... 90
4.5 Construction and mining equipment................................................................................. 90
4.6 Industrial equipment ......................................................................................................... 90
4.7 Lawn and garden equipment............................................................................................. 91
4.8 Pleasure craft..................................................................................................................... 91
4.9 Railway maintenance equipment ...................................................................................... 92
4.10 Recreational equipment .................................................................................................... 92
4.11 Aircraft.............................................................................................................................. 93
4.12 Locomotives...................................................................................................................... 96
4.13 Summary of all nonroad mobile source emissions ........................................................... 97
4.14 Quality assurance procedures ........................................................................................... 98
4.15 References......................................................................................................................... 98
5. Onroad Mobile Sources ......................................................................................................... 99
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5

Introduction....................................................................................................................... 99
Vehicle miles of travel (VMT) estimation........................................................................ 99
Speed estimation ............................................................................................................. 100
Monthly VMT factors ..................................................................................................... 101
Emission factor estimation.............................................................................................. 102
5.5.1 Emission factor model ......................................................................................... 102
5.5.2 MOBILE6.2 inputs............................................................................................... 103
5.5.3 MOBILE6.2 outputs............................................................................................. 103
5.5.4 MOBILE6.2 emission estimates .......................................................................... 103
5.6 Summary of ozone precursor emissions from onroad mobile sources ........................... 108
5.7 Quality assurance ............................................................................................................ 109
5.7.1 VMT estimates ..................................................................................................... 109
5.7.2 Emission factor estimates..................................................................................... 109
5.7.3 Quality review of the 2005 periodic ozone precursor emissions inventory......... 110
5.8 References....................................................................................................................... 110
6. Biogenic Sources................................................................................................................... 111
6.1 Introduction and scope.................................................................................................... 111
6.2 MEGAN input files......................................................................................................... 111
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6.3 Emission estimation ........................................................................................................ 112
6.4 Summary of biogenic source emissions.......................................................................... 114
6.5 References....................................................................................................................... 115

List of Tables
Table 1.2–1. Chapter authors and QA/QC contacts. .................................................................... 1
Table 1.5–1. Demographic profile of Maricopa County and the eight-hour ozone nonattainment
area. ......................................................................................................................... 3
Table 1.5–2. Land-use categories used to apportion emissions. .................................................. 3
Table 1.6–1. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from point sources in Maricopa
County and the ozone nonattainment area. ............................................................. 4
Table 1.6–2. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from area sources in Maricopa
County. .................................................................................................................... 4
Table 1.6–3. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from area sources in the ozone
NAA. ....................................................................................................................... 5
Table 1.6–4. Annual and season-day emissions from nonroad mobile sources in Maricopa
County. .................................................................................................................... 5
Table 1.6–5. Annual and season-day emissions from all nonroad mobile sources in the ozone
NAA. ....................................................................................................................... 5
Table 1.6–6. Annual and season-day emissions from onroad mobile sources in Maricopa
County and the ozone NAA. ................................................................................... 6
Table 1.6–7. Annual and season-day emissions from biogenic sources. ..................................... 6
Table 1.6–8. Annual and season-day emissions from all sources in Maricopa County............... 7
Table 1.6–9. Annual and season-day emissions from all sources in the ozone nonattainment
area. ......................................................................................................................... 9
Table 2.2–1. Name and location of all point sources. ................................................................ 12
Table 2.4–1. Annual and ozone season-day point source emissions, by facility. ...................... 19
Table 2.4–2. Maricopa County annual and ozone season-day point source emissions, by process
type. ....................................................................................................................... 23
Table 2.5–1. Emission reduction credits. ................................................................................... 24
Table 3.1–1. List of area source categories. ............................................................................... 27
Table 3.2–1. Natural gas sales data from Maricopa County natural gas suppliers. ................... 29
Table 3.2–2. Emission factors and annual emissions from area-source industrial natural gas
combustion, by combustion type........................................................................... 30
Table 3.2–3. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source industrial natural gas
combustion. ........................................................................................................... 30
Table 3.2–4. Emission factors and annual emissions from area-source industrial fuel oil
combustion by combustion type............................................................................ 32
Table 3.2–5. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source industrial fuel oil combustion.
............................................................................................................................... 32
Table 3.2–6. Emission factors and annual emissions from area-source commercial/institutional
natural gas combustion by combustion type. ........................................................ 33
Table 3.2–7. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source commercial/institutional
natural gas combustion.......................................................................................... 34
Table 3.2–8. Emission factors and annual emissions from area-source commercial/institutional
fuel oil combustion, by combustion type. ............................................................. 35
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Table 3.2–9. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source commercial/institutional fuel
oil combustion. ...................................................................................................... 36
Table 3.2–10. Residential natural gas combustion emission factors (in lb/MMCF).................... 36
Table 3.2–11. Annual and season-day emissions from residential natural gas combustion........ 37
Table 3.2–12. Annual wood usage, emission factors, and annual emissions from residential wood
combustion. ........................................................................................................... 38
Table 3.2–13. Annual and season-day emissions from residential wood combustion................. 38
Table 3.2–14. Emission factors, annual and season-day emissions from residential fuel oil
combustion. ........................................................................................................... 39
Table 3.3–1. NAICS codes and descriptions for chemical manufacturing. ............................... 39
Table 3.3–2. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source chemical manufacturing. .... 40
Table 3.3–3. Maricopa County restaurants by type.................................................................... 41
Table 3.3–4. Annual and season-day emissions from commercial cooking equipment. ........... 41
Table 3.3–5. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source bakeries..................... 42
Table 3.3–6. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source secondary metal production.
............................................................................................................................... 43
Table 3.3–7. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source non-metallic mineral
products. ................................................................................................................ 43
Table 3.3–8. NAICS codes and employment data for rubber and plastic manufacturing
facilities. ................................................................................................................ 44
Table 3.3–9. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from rubber and plastic manufacturing
facilities. ................................................................................................................ 45
Table 3.3–10. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source electric equipment
manufacturing........................................................................................................ 45
Table 3.3–11. Annual and season-day emissions from ADEQ-permitted portable sources. ....... 46
Table 3.3–12. Annual and season-day emissions from other industrial processes NEC. ............ 46
Table 3.4–1. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from architectural coating..................... 47
Table 3.4–2. Annual and season-day emissions from automobile refinishing........................... 48
Table 3.4–3. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from traffic markings. ........................... 49
Table 3.4–4. NAICS codes and descriptions for factory-finished wood surface coating. ......... 49
Table 3.4–5. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source factory-finished wood
surface coating....................................................................................................... 50
Table 3.4–6. NAICS codes and descriptions for wood furniture surface coating...................... 50
Table 3.4–7. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source wood furniture surface
coating. .................................................................................................................. 51
Table 3.4–8. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source aircraft surface coating.
............................................................................................................................... 52
Table 3.4–9. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from miscellaneous surface coating...... 53
Table 3.4–10. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source degreasing................. 55
Table 3.4–11. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from dry cleaning.................................. 55
Table 3.4–12. NAICS codes and descriptions for graphic arts. ................................................... 55
Table 3.4–13. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source graphic arts. .............. 56
Table 3.4–14. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source miscellaneous industrial
solvent use. ............................................................................................................ 58
Table 3.4–15. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from agricultural pesticide application. 60
Table 3.4–16. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from consumer and commercial products.
............................................................................................................................... 60
Table 3.4–17. 2005 vehicle miles traveled (VMT) and population data...................................... 61
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Table 3.4–18. Annual asphalt usage, by type............................................................................... 61
Table 3.4–19. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from asphalt application........................ 62
Table 3.5–1. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source bulk terminals and bulk
plants. .................................................................................................................... 63
Table 3.5–2. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source organic liquid
storage/transfer. ..................................................................................................... 63
Table 3.5–3. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from tanker truck fuel delivery. ............ 64
Table 3.5–4. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from gasoline trucks in transit. ............. 65
Table 3.5–5. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from gasoline marketing breathing and
emptying losses. .................................................................................................... 65
Table 3.5–6. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from vehicle refueling........................... 66
Table 3.6–1. Annual and season-day emissions from on-site incineration. ............................... 66
Table 3.6–2. 2005 Maricopa County burn permit activity data. ................................................ 67
Table 3.6–3. Emission and fuel loading factors for open burning. ............................................ 67
Table 3.6–4. Annual emissions from open burning in Maricopa County. ................................. 68
Table 3.6–5. Surrogate land-use classes, ratios, and annual emissions from open burning in the
ozone NAA............................................................................................................ 69
Table 3.6–6. Season-day emissions (lbs/day) from open burning.............................................. 69
Table 3.6–7. Annual and season-day emissions from landfills. ................................................. 70
Table 3.6–8. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from publicly owned treatment works
(POTWs). .............................................................................................................. 70
Table 3.6–9. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from remediation of leaking underground
storage tanks. ......................................................................................................... 71
Table 3.6–10. Annual and season-day emissions from other industrial waste disposal............... 71
Table 3.7–1. Assigned NFDRS model categories, fuel loading factors, and material burned... 72
Table 3.7–2. Summary of emission factors for prescribed fire (lb/ton). .................................... 73
Table 3.7–3. Annual emissions from wildfires (tons/yr)............................................................ 73
Table 3.7–4. Season-day emissions from wildfires (lbs/day)..................................................... 73
Table 3.7–5. Emission and fuel loading factors for prescribed fires.......................................... 74
Table 3.7–6. Annual and season-day emissions from prescribed fires. ..................................... 74
Table 3.7–7. Estimated material burned, emission and fuel loading factors for structure fires. 75
Table 3.7–8. Annual and season-day emissions from structure fires. ........................................ 76
Table 3.7–9. Estimated material burned, fuel loading factors, and emission factors for vehicle
fires........................................................................................................................ 76
Table 3.7–10. Annual and season-day emissions from vehicle fires. .......................................... 77
Table 3.7–11. Annual and season-day emissions from engine testing......................................... 77
Table 3.7–12. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from hospitals. ...................................... 78
Table 3.7–13. Annual and season-day emissions from crematories. ........................................... 78
Table 3.7–14. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from accidental releases........................ 79
Table 3.8–1. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from all area sources in Maricopa
County. .................................................................................................................. 79
Table 3.8–2. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from all area sources within the
ozone NAA............................................................................................................ 81
Table 4.1–1. NONROAD2005 model county temperature and fuel-related inputs. .................. 87
Table 4.1–2. Default weekday and weekend day activity allocation fractions. ......................... 88
Table 4.2–1. Annual and season-day emissions from agricultural equipment........................... 89
Table 4.3–1. Annual and season-day emissions from airport ground support equipment. ........ 89
Table 4.4–1. Annual and season-day emissions from commercial equipment. ......................... 90
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Table 4.5–1.
Table 4.6–1.
Table 4.7–1.
Table 4.8–1.
Table 4.9–1.
Table 4.10–1.
Table 4.11–1.
Table 4.11–2.
Table 4.12–1.
Table 4.12–2.
Table 4.12–3.
Table 4.12–4.
Table 4.13–1.
Table 4.13–2.
Table 5.2–1.
Table 5.3–1.
Table 5.4–1.
Table 5.4–2.
Table 5.5–1.
Table 5.5–2.
Table 5.6–1.
Table 5.6–2.
Table 5.6–3.
Table 5.6–4.
Table 5.6–5.
Table 5.7–1.
Table 6.2–1.
Table 6.3–1.
Table 6.3–2.
Table 6.3–3.
Table 6.4–1.
Table 6.4–2.

Annual and season-day emissions from construction and mining equipment. ..... 90
Annual and season-day emissions from industrial equipment. ............................. 91
Annual and season-day emissions from lawn and garden equipment................... 91
Annual and season-day emissions from pleasure craft equipment........................ 92
Annual and season-day emissions from railway maintenance equipment. ........... 92
Annual and season-day emissions from recreational equipment. ......................... 93
2005 airport activity data, emission calculation methods, and emission factors. . 94
Annual and ozone season-day emissions by airport and aircraft type. ................. 95
Emission factors for locomotives. ......................................................................... 96
Fuel use and annual emissions from locomotives in Maricopa County................ 96
Annual emissions (in tons/yr) from locomotives in the ozone NAA. ................... 97
Season-day emissions (in lbs/day) from locomotives in Maricopa County and the
ozone NAA............................................................................................................ 97
Annual and season-day emissions from nonroad mobile sources in Maricopa
County. .................................................................................................................. 97
Annual and season-day emissions from nonroad mobile sources in the ozone
NAA. ..................................................................................................................... 98
2005 daily VMT by facility type (annual average daily traffic). ........................ 100
Average daily speeds for the 2005 periodic emissions inventory. ...................... 101
Average daily VMT adjustment factors by month.............................................. 101
Average daily VMT during 2005 peak ozone season for the eight-hour ozone
NAA and Maricopa County (July–September 2005). ......................................... 102
Annual and ozone season-day onroad mobile source emissions by facility type and
vehicle class in the eight-hour ozone NAA......................................................... 104
Annual and ozone season-day onroad mobile source emissions by facility type.
............................................................................................................................. 106
Annual and ozone season-day onroad mobile source emissions by facility type in
the eight-hour ozone NAA. ................................................................................. 108
Annual and ozone season-day onroad mobile source emissions by facility type in
Maricopa County................................................................................................. 108
Annual and ozone season-day onroad mobile source emissions by vehicle class in
the eight-hour ozone NAA. ................................................................................. 109
Annual and ozone season-day onroad mobile source emissions by vehicle class in
Maricopa County................................................................................................. 109
Summarized 2005 onroad mobile source emissions. .......................................... 109
Comparison of annual and ozone season-day onroad mobile source emissions and
annual average daily traffic VMT in Maricopa County. ..................................... 110
The average VOC emission rates for the land use categories in the 4-km domain.
............................................................................................................................. 112
Daily biogenic emissions in the eight-hour ozone modeling area in Maricopa
County. ................................................................................................................ 114
Daily biogenic emissions in the eight-hour ozone nonattainment area............... 114
Average emissions per square kilometer for the 1,600 square-kilometer area in the
southwest corner of the eight-hour ozone modeling area.................................... 114
Ozone season-day biogenic emissions. ............................................................... 115
Annual biogenic emissions.................................................................................. 115

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List of Figures
Figure 1.4–1. Map of Maricopa County and the eight-hour ozone nonattainment area................ 2
Figure 2.6–1. Data flow for point source emission inventories................................................... 25
Figure 6.3–1. Boundaries of the eight-hour ozone modeling domain, eight-hour ozone
nonattainment area, and Maricopa County.......................................................... 113

List of Appendices
Appendix 2.1 Instructions for Reporting 2005 Annual Air Pollution Emissions
Appendix 2.2 Calculating Rule Effectiveness for Controlled (Title V and non-Title V)
Point Source Processes
Appendix 5 MOBILE6.2 Inputs, Outputs and Emission Factors

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1.

Introduction

1.1

Overview

This 2005 periodic ozone emissions inventory was developed to meet requirements set forth in
Title I of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (CAAA). The CAAA require development of
a baseline emission inventory and periodic revisions for areas that fail to meet the National
Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). A portion of Maricopa County is classified as
nonattainment for the eight-hour ozone standard.
This inventory includes emission estimates for three ozone precursors: volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). VOC is defined by Maricopa County’s Rule 100 as “any organic compound, which participates in atmospheric photochemical reactions, except the non-precursor organic compounds”. The inventory provides
emission estimates from point, area, nonroad mobile, onroad mobile, and biogenic sources. Note
that totals shown in tables may not equal the sum of individual values due to independent
rounding.
1.2

Agencies responsible for the emissions inventory

Maricopa County Air Quality Department (MCAQD) has primary responsibility for preparing
and submitting the 2005 Periodic Ozone Emissions Inventory for Maricopa County. Point, area,
and nonroad mobile source emission estimates were prepared by MCAQD. The Maricopa
Association of Governments (MAG) prepared the emission estimates for onroad mobile and
biogenic source categories. Table 1.2–1 lists those responsible for inventory preparation and
quality assurance/ quality control activities, which are described in the respective chapters.
Table 1.2–1. Chapter authors and QA/QC contacts.
Chapter
Author(s)
Point Sources
Bob Downing
MCAQD (602) 506-6790
Area Sources
Matt Poppen, Eric Raisanen and Dena
Konopka
MCAQD (602) 506-6790
Nonroad Mobile Matt Poppen and Eric Raisanen
Sources
MCAQD (602) 506-6790
Onroad Mobile
Taejoo Shin
Sources
MAG (602) 254-6300
Biogenic Sources Taejoo Shin
MAG (602) 254-6300

2005 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

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QA/QC contact persons
Matt Poppen, Eric Raisanen and Dena Konopka
MCAQD (602) 506-6790
Bob Downing
MCAQD (602) 506-6790
Bob Downing and Dena Konopka
MCAQD (602) 506-6790
Eric Raisanen
MCAQD (602) 506-6790
Eric Raisanen
MCAQD (602) 506-6790

Maricopa County, AZ

1.3

Temporal scope

Annual and ozone season-day emissions were estimated for the year 2005, for Maricopa County
and the Maricopa County eight-hour ozone nonattainment area (NAA). The three-month peak
ozone season for the Maricopa County nonattainment area has been defined as July 1 through
September 30, based on the 1981–1991 pattern of ozone exceedances.

1.4

Geographic scope

This inventory includes emission estimates for Maricopa County and for the Maricopa County
ozone nonattainment area. Maricopa County encompasses approximately 9,223 square miles of
land area, while the Maricopa County eight-hour ozone nonattainment area is approximately
4,880 square miles or about 53 percent of the Maricopa County land area. A portion of the
southeastern boundary of the eight-hour ozone nonattainment area includes areas of Pinal County
totaling 48 square miles or 0.98% of the nonattainment area. A map of Maricopa County and the
nonattainment area is provided in Figure 1.4–1.

Figure 1.4–1. Map of Maricopa County and the eight-hour ozone nonattainment area.

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Maricopa County, AZ

1.5

Overview of local demographic and land-use data

Many of the emissions estimates generated in this report were calculated using demographic and
land-use data provided by the Maricopa Association of Governments (MAG). These data were
used to apportion and/or scale Maricopa County emissions estimates to the nonattainment area
and vice versa. (For example, county-level emissions from residential natural gas usage in
Maricopa County were apportioned to the nonattainment area using the ratio of total population
in each area). Detailed explanations of how emission estimates were apportioned or scaled are
presented in each of the following chapters, along with the data sources used.
1.5.1

Demographic profile

The demographic data provided by MAG included population, employment data, and single
family/multi-family splits for calendar year 2004 (as 2005 data were not yet available at the time
of writing), for Maricopa County and the nonattainment area. Table 1.5–1 provides an overview
of the key demographic data used in this report.
Table 1.5–1. Demographic profile of Maricopa County and the eight-hour ozone nonattainment area.
Maricopa
Within the
Percentage within
Demographic variable
County totals
ozone NAA
the ozone NAA
Total resident population
3,524,175
3,542,478
100.52%
Total non-resident population
256,205
279,496
109.09%
Total population:
3,780,380
3,821,974
101.10%
Retail employment
Office employment
Industrial employment
Public employment
Other employment
Construction
Work at home
Total employment:

437,333
359,824
352,827
216,598
151,751
53,774
57,682
1,629,789

Single-family/multi-family household split:
Single-family
Multi-family

1.5.2

435,945
360,295
349,419
215,705
151,824
53,181
57,482
1,623,851

75%
25%

99.68%
100.13%
99.03%
99.59%
100.05%
98.90%
99.65%
99.64%

75%
25%

Land-use data

The most recent land-use data available from MAG was for the year 2004, which was assumed
to be representative of 2005. Table 1.5–2 presents a summary of the land-use categories and
acreage used to develop emission estimates for this inventory.
Table 1.5–2. Land-use categories used to apportion emissions.
Acreage in
Maricopa
County
Description
General/active open space (e.g., parks)
148,352
Passive open space (e.g., mountain preserves)
1,748,816
Golf courses
28,215
Lakes
12,525
Agriculture
465,833
Vacant (e.g., developable land)
2,039,335
2005 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

3

Acreage
within the
ozone NAA
141,204
1,071,509
27,730
12,525
299,870
883,440

Percentage
within the
ozone NAA
99.90%
61.27%
98.28%
100.00%
64.37%
43.32%
Maricopa County, AZ

1.6

Emissions overview by source category

1.6.1

Point sources

The point source category includes those stationary sources that emit a significant amount of
pollution into the air such as power plants, petroleum product storage and transfer facilities, and
large industrial facilities. As Maricopa County has an established annual reporting program for
sources with air quality permits, the thresholds for defining a point source are lower than the
minimums required by the US EPA. For the purposes of this inventory, a point source is a
stationary operation within Maricopa County which in 2005 emitted:
• 25 English (short) tons or more of carbon monoxide (CO); or
• 10 tons or more of volatile organic compounds (VOC), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), or
sulfur oxides (SOx); or
• 5 tons or more of particulate matter less than 10 microns (PM10) or ammonia compounds
(NHx).
Table 1.6–1 summarizes annual and season-day emissions from point sources (including
emission reduction credits) in Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area, respectively.
A detailed breakdown of emissions calculations for all point sources is contained in Chapter 2.
Table 1.6–1. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from point sources in Maricopa County and the
ozone nonattainment area.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Geographic area
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Maricopa County
3,889.18 2,880.67 1,347.38 27,234.5 26,128.8 10,569.4
Ozone nonattainment area
3,866.87 2,502.85 1,248.41 27,098.8 22,360.0
9,669.4

1.6.2

Area sources

Area sources are facilities or activities whose individual emissions do not qualify them as point
sources. Area sources represent numerous facilities or activities that individually release small
amounts of a given pollutant, but collectively they can release significant amounts of a pollutant.
Stationary sources with annual emissions lower than the point source thresholds described in
Section 1.6.1 were included in the area source inventory. Examples of area source categories
include residential wood burning, commercial cooking, waste incineration and wildfires.
Tables 1.6–2 and 1.6–3 summarize annual and season-day emissions of the chief area source
categories, for Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area, respectively. A detailed
breakdown of emissions calculations for each area source category is contained in Chapter 3.
Table 1.6–2. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from area sources in Maricopa County.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Source category
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Fuel combustion
1,981.59
6,801.33
3,886.59
2,715.4
39,777.1
12,054.1
Industrial processes
1,221.17
564.11
778.32
8,865.6
5,431.1
4,665.7
Solvent use
34,101.52
220,090.2
Storage/transport
2,309.17
13,532.1
Waste treatment/disposal
669.48
28.35
346.00
5,131.3
161.5
1,939.6
Miscellaneous area sources 34,391.76 15,659.58 729,163.13 230,690.8 105,095.5 4,892,985.9
All area sources:
74,674.69 23,053.36 734,174.04 481,025.3 150,465.3 4,911,645.3

2005 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

4

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 1.6–3. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from area sources in the ozone NAA.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Source category
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Fuel combustion
1,986.98
6,765.66
3,886.63
2,698.2
39,536.4
11,995.3
Industrial processes
1,215.54
564.05
784.75
8,817.3
5,430.8
4,701.0
Solvent use
34,264.03
221,748.8
Storage/transport
2,309.17
13,532.1
Waste treatment/disposal
662.81
22.38
218.87
5,114.3
130.9
1,289.8
Miscellaneous area sources 25,566.88 11,636.15 541,619.29 222,007.1 101,135.0 4,708,372.4
All area sources:
66,005.41 18,988.24 546,509.54 473,917.9 146,233.0 4,726,358.5

1.6.3

Nonroad mobile sources

Nonroad mobile sources include off-highway vehicles and engines that move or are moved
within a 12-month period. Tables 1.6–4 and 1.6–5 summarize annual and season-day emissions
from nonroad mobile sources, for Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area,
respectively. A detailed breakdown of emissions calculations for each source category is
contained in Chapter 4.
Table 1.6–4. Annual and season-day emissions from nonroad mobile sources in Maricopa County.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Source category
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Agricultural
53.31
386.34
417.85
453.1
3,226.3
3,707.9
Airport ground support
137.28
467.82
5,944.39
752.2
2,563.4
32,572.0
Commercial
2,339.70
1,449.72
54,941.52
17,907.0
8,553.8
410,503.5
Construction & mining
2,690.85 16,016.62
23,667.21
18,840.1 108,785.6
177,261.9
Industrial
772.17
3,316.67
13,597.40
5,035.6
21,109.0
90,844.8
Lawn & garden
6,586.38
843.10 101,879.34
74,053.0
6,409.9 1,085,431.7
Pleasure craft
809.50
70.58
1,748.83
17,294.9
1,347.2
40,149.6
Railway maintenance
2.32
9.27
28.38
16.8
63.9
221.4
Recreational
1,416.44
59.99
10,675.34
16,532.4
535.5
135,733.8
Aircraft
1,439.91
3,029.37
6,668.71
7,911.6
16,644.9
36,641.3
Locomotives
116.82
2,955.24
295.27
640.1
16,193.1
1,617.9
All nonroad mobile sources: 16,364.68 28,604.72 219,864.25 159,436.9 185,432.6 2,014,685.9

Table 1.6–5. Annual and season-day emissions from all nonroad mobile sources in the ozone NAA.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Source category
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Agricultural
34.32
248.69
268.97
291.7
2,076.8
2,386.8
Airport ground support
137.28
467.82
5,944.39
752.2
2,563.4
32,572.0
Commercial
2,331.28
1,444.50
54,743.73
17,842.5
8,523.0
409,025.7
Construction & mining
2,720.45 16,192.81
23,927.55
19,047.3 109,982.3
179,211.8
Industrial
769.39
3,304.73
13,548.45
5,017.5
21,033.0
90,517.8
Lawn & garden
6,658.83
852.37 103,000.01
74,867.6
6,480.4 1,097,371.4
Pleasure craft
809.50
70.58
1,748.83
17,294.9
1,347.2
40,149.6
Railway maintenance
2.35
9.37
28.69
17.0
64.6
223.8
Recreational
911.28
38.59
6,868.11
10,636.3
344.5
87,326.0
Aircraft
1,419.35
2,944.42
6,512.18
7,798.6
16,178.1
35,781.2
Locomotives
79.04
1,933.42
193.95
433.1
10,594.1
1,062.7
All nonroad mobile sources: 15,873.05 27,507.30 216,784.87 153,998.8 179,187.3 1,975,628.9

2005 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

5

Maricopa County, AZ

1.6.4 Onroad mobile sources
Emissions from onroad mobile sources were calculated for the ozone nonattainment area located
primarily within Maricopa County, as well as for Maricopa County as a whole. A detailed
breakdown of emissions calculations for each area source category is contained in Chapter 5.
Tables 1.6–6 summarizes annual and season-day emissions from onroad mobile sources in
Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area, respectively.
Table 1.6–6. Annual and season-day emissions from onroad mobile sources in Maricopa County and the
ozone NAA.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Maricopa County
36,085.90 67,839.00 344,454.30 186,486.3 366,008.9 1,792,310.0
Ozone NAA
35,773.10 67,249.70 341,465.40 184,867.9 363,196.8 1,776,755.0

1.6.5

Biogenic sources

The biogenic source category includes emissions from all vegetation (e.g., crops, indigenous
vegetation, landscaping, etc.) in Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area. Emissions
were estimated through MEGAN, a computer model developed by the ENVIRON corporation
through a contract with the Maricopa Association of Governments (MAG). Annual and daily
NOx emissions from biogenic sources are shown in Table 1.6–7 for Maricopa County and the
ozone nonattainment area.
Table 1.6–7. Annual and season-day emissions from biogenic sources.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Maricopa County
132,535.47 3,320.83
19,557.63 726,221.8 18,196.4
107,165.1
Ozone NAA
90,819.25 1,820.27
12,345.81 497,639.7
9,974.1
67,648.3

1.6.6

All sources

Tables 1.6–8 and 1.6–9 provide summary totals of annual and season-day emissions from all
emission sources in Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area, respectively.

2005 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

6

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 1.6–8. Annual and season-day emissions from all sources in Maricopa County.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Ozone season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Source category
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Point Sources
3,889.18
2,880.67
1,347.38
27,234.5
26,128.8
10,569.4
Area Sources:
Fuel combustion:
Industrial natural gas
Industrial fuel oil
Commercial/inst. natural gas
Commercial/inst. fuel oil
Residential natural gas
Residential wood
Residential fuel oil
All fuel combustion

15.61
249.89
57.78
85.08
45.29
1,527.89
0.03
1,981.59

308.43
3,443.60
1,146.39
1,110.79
774.12
17.35
0.66
6,801.33

192.24
738.24
702.66
238.51
329.41
1,685.35
0.18
3,886.59

83.0
1,633.1
293.7
558.3
147.3
0.0
0.0
2,715.4

1,639.6
22,505.1
5,826.5
7,288.2
2,517.8
0.0
0.0
39,777.1

1,022.0
4,824.6
3,571.2
1,564.9
1,071.4
0.0
0.0
12,054.1

Industrial Processes:
Chemical mfg.
Commercial cooking
Bakeries
Secondary metal production
Mineral processes
Rubber/plastics mfg.
Electric equipment mfg.
State-permitted portable sources
Industrial processes, NEC
All Industrial processes

44.71
205.15
87.20
37.36
0.11
681.03
87.00
55.66
22.96
1,221.17

0.39

0.03
585.43

3.0

0.2
3,216.7

4.53

12.21

24.0

64.4

0.01
554.60
4.58
564.11

0.17
176.52
3.96
778.32

343.9
1,127.2
670.7
208.0
0.6
5,238.7
478.0
647.4
151.0
8,865.6

0.1
5,377.5
26.5
5,431.1

0.9
1,357.8
25.7
4,665.7

Solvent Use:
Architectural coatings
Auto refinishing
Traffic markings
Factory finished (flat)wood
Wood furniture
Aircraft
Misc. surface coating.
Degreasing
Dry cleaning
Graphics arts
Misc. industrial solvent use
Agricultural pesticide use
Consumer/comm. solvent use
Asphalt application
All solvent use
Storage/Transport:
Bulk plants/terminals
VOL storage/transport
Fuel delivery
Trucks in transit
Station losses
Vehicle refueling
All storage/transport

10,914.36
3,580.86
416.34
190.82
892.03
51.94
369.04
662.35
21.19
208.71
31.81
261.74
14,819.09
1,681.23
34,101.52

79,159.1
27,545.1
4,227.5
1,405.6
6,870.4
378.6
2,834.9
4,528.7
162.4
1,477.9
221.5
818.6
81,200.5
9,259.4
220,090.2

26.35
17.10
317.55
58.81
784.07
1,105.30
2,309.17

138.6
126.5
2,050.1
379.6
4,338.8
6,498.6
13,532.1

2005 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

7

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 1.6–8 (continued). Annual and season-day emissions from all sources in Maricopa County.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Ozone season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Source category
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Waste Treatment/Disposal:
On-site incineration
0.07
2.54
0.46
0.3
18.0
3.4
Open burning
34.09
15.16
322.54
191.8
85.2
1,809.9
Landfills
6.81
6.50
8.42
37.0
35.5
46.2
Publicly owned treatment works
614.03
4,723.3
Leaking undergd. storage tanks
3.92
120.6
Other waste disposal
10.56
4.15
14.57
58.2
22.8
80.1
All waste treatment/disposal
669.48
28.35
346.00
5,131.3
161.5
1,939.6
Misc. Area Sources:
Wildfires
Prescribed fires
Structure fires
Vehicle fires
Aircraft engine testing
Hospitals
Crematories
Accidental releases
All misc. area sources

34,305.99
0.05
22.94
8.45
0.48
53.52
0.28
0.03
34,391.76

15,639.50
0.05
2.92
1.06
4.61

729,002.36
0.56
125.15
33.02
1.41

11.45
0.00
15,659.58

All Area Sources:

74,674.69

Nonroad Sources:
Agricultural equipment
Airport gd. support equip.
Commercial equipment
Construction & mining equipmt.
Industrial equipment
Lawn & garden equipment
Pleasure craft
Railway maintenance equipment
Recreational equipment
Aircraft
Locomotives
All Nonroad Sources:
Onroad Sources:
Exhaust
All Mobile Sources:

104,953.3
0.0
14.3
5.8
34.1

4,892,178.0
0.0
613.4
180.9
8.7

0.63
0.00
729,163.13

230,220.1
0.0
112.5
46.3
1.3
308.2
2.1
0.2
230,690.8

88.0
0.0
105,095.5

4.8
0.0
4,892,985.9

23,053.36

734,174.04

481,025.3

150,465.3

4,911,645.3

53.31
137.28
2,339.70
2,690.85
772.17
6,586.38
809.50
2.32
1,416.44
1,439.91
116.82
16,364.68

386.34
467.82
1,449.72
16,016.62
3,316.67
843.10
70.58
9.27
59.99
3,029.37
2,955.24
28,604.72

417.85
5,944.39
54,941.52
23,667.21
13,597.40
101,879.34
1,748.83
28.38
10,675.34
6,668.71
295.27
219,864.25

453.1
752.2
17,907.0
18,840.1
5,035.6
74,053.0
17,294.9
16.8
16,532.4
7,911.6
640.1
159,436.9

3,226.3
2,563.4
8,553.8
108,785.6
21,109.0
6,409.9
1,347.2
63.9
535.5
16,644.9
16,193.1
185,432.6

3,707.9
32,572.0
410,503.5
177,261.9
90,844.8
1,085,431.7
40,149.6
221.4
135,733.8
36,641.3
1,617.9
2,014,685.9

36,085.90
52,450.58

67,839.00
96,443.72

344,454.30
564,318.55

Biogenic Sources:

132,535.47

3,320.83

19,557.63

726,221.8

18,196.4

107,165.1

TOTAL, All Sources:

263,549.91

125,698.59 1,319,397.60

1,580,404.7

746,232.0

8,836,375.7

2005 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

8

186,486.3 366,008.9 1,792,310.0
345,923.17 551,441.49 3,806,995.91

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 1.6–9. Annual and season-day emissions from all sources in the ozone nonattainment area.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Ozone season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Source category
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Point Sources
3,866.87
2,502.85
1,248.41
27,098.8
22,360.0
9,669.4
Area Sources:
Fuel combustion:
Industrial natural gas
Industrial fuel oil
Commercial/inst. natural gas
Commercial/inst. fuel oil
Residential natural gas
Residential wood
Residential fuel oil
All fuel combustion

15.46
247.47
57.70
84.96
45.53
1,535.84
0.03
1,986.98

305.44
3,410.20
1,144.67
1,109.13
778.14
17.44
0.66
6,765.66

190.37
731.08
701.60
238.15
331.12
1,694.12
0.18
3,886.63

82.2
1,617.3
293.2
557.4
148.1
0.0
0.0
2,698.2

1,623.7
22,286.8
5,817.7
7,277.2
2,530.8
0.0
0.0
39,536.4

1,012.0
4,777.8
3,565.9
1,562.6
1,077.0
0.0
0.0
11,995.3

Industrial Processes:
Chemical mfg.
Commercial cooking
Bakeries
Secondary metal production
Mineral processes
Rubber/plastics mfg.
Electric equipment mfg.
State-permitted portable sources
Industrial processes, NEC
All Industrial processes

44.28
207.40
86.35
37.36
0.11
674.42
87.00
55.66
22.96
1,215.54

0.38

0.03
591.87

2.9

0.2
3,252.0

4.53

12.21

24.0

64.4

0.01
554.60
4.53
564.05

0.17
176.52
3.95
784.75

340.6
1,139.6
664.2
208.0
0.6
5,187.8
478.0
647.4
151.0
8,817.3

0.1
5,377.5
26.3
5,430.8

0.9
1,357.8
25.6
4,701.0

Solvent Use:
Architectural coatings
Auto refinishing
Traffic markings
Factory finished (flat)wood
Wood furniture
Aircraft
Misc. surface coating.
Degreasing
Dry cleaning
Graphics arts
Misc. industrial solvent use
Agricultural pesticide use
Consumer/comm. solvent use
Asphalt application
All solvent use
Storage/Transport:
Bulk plants/terminals
VOL storage/transport
Fuel delivery
Trucks in transit
Station losses
Vehicle refueling
All storage/transport

11,034.45
3,620.38
420.92
188.97
883.38
51.94
365.46
655.93
21.19
206.69
31.50
69.62
14,982.14
1,731.47
34,264.03

80,030.1
27,849.0
4,273.8
1,392.0
6,803.8
378.6
2,807.4
4,484.7
162.4
1,463.5
219.4
255.3
82,093.9
9,534.9
221,748.8

26.35
17.10
317.55
58.81
784.07
1,105.30
2,309.17

138.6
126.5
2,050.1
379.6
4,338.8
6,498.6
13,532.1

2005 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

9

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 1.6–9 (continued). Annual and season-day emissions from all sources in the ozone nonattainment area.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Ozone season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Source category
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Waste Treatment/Disposal:
On-site incineration
0.07
2.54
0.46
0.3
18.0
3.4
Open burning
20.66
9.19
195.41
122.9
54.6
1,160.2
Landfills
6.81
6.50
8.42
37.0
35.5
46.2
Publicly owned treatment works
620.78
4,775.3
Leaking undergd. storage tanks
3.92
120.6
Other waste disposal
10.56
4.15
14.57
58.2
22.8
80.1
All waste treatment/disposal
662.81
22.38
218.87
5,114.3
130.9
1,289.8
Misc. Area Sources:
Wildfires
Prescribed fires
Structure fires
Vehicle fires
Aircraft engine testing
Hospitals
Crematories
Accidental releases
All misc. area sources

25,480.36
0.05
23.06
8.50
0.48
54.11
0.28
0.03
25,566.88

11,616.05
0.05
2.94
1.06
4.61

541,457.70
0.56
125.80
33.19
1.41

11.45
0.00
11,636.15

All Area Sources:

66,005.41

Nonroad Sources:
Agricultural equipment
Airport gd. support equip.
Commercial equipment
Construction & mining equipmt.
Industrial equipment
Lawn & garden equipment
Pleasure craft
Railway maintenance equipment
Recreational equipment
Aircraft
Locomotives
All Nonroad Sources:

100,992.6
0.0
14.4
5.8
34.1

4,707,560.5
0.0
616.6
181.9
8.7

0.63
0.00
541,619.29

221,532.3
0.0
113.0
46.6
1.3
311.6
2.1
0.2
222,007.1

88.0
0.0
101,135.0

4.8
0.0
4,708,372.4

18,988.24

546,509.54

473,917.9

146,233.0

4,726,358.5

34.32
137.28
2,331.28
2,720.45
769.39
6,658.83
809.50
2.35
911.28
1,419.35
79.04
15,873.05

248.69
467.82
1,444.50
16,192.81
3,304.73
852.37
70.58
9.37
38.59
2,944.42
1,933.42
27,507.30

268.97
5,944.39
54,743.73
23,927.55
13,548.45
103,000.01
1,748.83
28.69
6,868.11
6,512.18
193.95
216,784.87

291.7
752.2
17,842.5
19,047.3
5,017.5
74,867.6
17,294.9
17.0
10,636.3
7,798.6
433.1
153,998.8

2,076.8
2,563.4
8,523.0
109,982.3
21,033.0
6,480.4
1,347.2
64.6
344.5
16,178.1
10,594.1
179,187.3

2,386.8
32,572.0
409,025.7
179,211.8
90,517.8
1,097,371.4
40,149.6
223.8
87,326.0
35,781.2
1,062.7
1,975,628.9

Onroad Sources:
Exhaust
All Mobile Sources:

35,773.10
51,646.15

67,249.70
94,757.00

341,465.40 184,867.9 363,196.8 1,776,755.0
558,250.27 338,866.68 542,384.15 3,752,383.89

Biogenic Sources:

90,819.25

1,820.27

TOTAL, All Sources:

212,337.68

2005 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

497,639.7

9,974.1

67,648.3

118,068.36 1,118,354.03 1,337,523.0

720,951.3

8,556,060.0

10

12,345.81

Maricopa County, AZ

2.

Point Sources

2.1

Introduction and scope

This inventory of ozone precursors (VOC, NOx, and CO) is one of a number of emission inventory reports being prepared to meet U.S. EPA reporting requirements. In addition to preparing
periodic emissions inventories for the ozone nonattainment area (NAA) as a commitment under
the current ozone State Implementation Plan (SIP), the federal Consolidated Emission Reporting
Rule (CERR) requires that state and local agencies prepare emissions estimates on a county
basis, and submit data electronically to the U.S. EPA for inclusion in the National Emission
Inventory (NEI) for 2005. This inventory has been developed concurrently with similar inventories for PM10, PM2.5, NOx, SOx, and NH3, as part of Maricopa County's requirements under the
CERR.
In order to provide consistency among all these inventories, it was decided to standardize the
definition of a “point source”. While EPA has defined minimum point source reporting
thresholds for various pollutants, EPA guidance also notes that:
…we encourage organizations to provide facility-specific emissions data for all point sources, regardless of size, where they are
already included in the S/L/T [state/local/tribal] emission inventory. (US EPA, 2003)
Since Maricopa County has an established annual reporting program for sources with air quality
permits, the thresholds for defining a point source are lower than the minimums required by
EPA. For the purposes of this inventory, a point source is a stationary operation within Maricopa
County, which in 2005 emitted:
• 25 English (short) tons or more of carbon monoxide (CO); or
• 10 tons or more of volatile organic compounds (VOC), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), or
sulfur oxides (SOx); or
• 5 tons or more of particulate matter less than 10 microns (PM10) or ammonia compounds
(NHx).
Applying the above criteria, a total of 173 point sources in Maricopa County were identified
(there were no point sources in the Pinal County portion of the nonattainment area).
Additionally, EPA guidance requires emission inventories prepared for SIP development
purposes to consider point sources with 25 miles of the nonattainment area boundary. For these
sources, the traditional “major source” threshold definitions for attainment areas were applied.
No additional point sources met this reporting threshold.
While the above approach results in some anomalies (e.g., a facility treated as a point source may
have very low, or no, emissions of a certain pollutant), a uniform definition of “point source”
ensures that all data sets, which are prepared for a variety of purposes, will be comparable.
This point source inventory includes actual emissions for the year 2005, as well as an average
day during the ozone season (defined as July through September). A map with descriptions of
the ozone nonattainment area and Maricopa County, are provided in Chapter 1. Questions

2005 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

11

Maricopa County, AZ

concerning point source emissions may be directed to Bob Downing of MCAQD at (602) 5066790.
Several tables have been constructed to provide the point source emissions and category totals.
Table 2.2–1 provides an alphabetical list of all point sources and their location. Table 2.4–1
shows the 2005 annual and average ozone season-day emissions of VOC, NOx and CO for those
point sources which reported emissions of any of these pollutants broken out by facility, while
Table 2.4–2 lists the 2005 annual and ozone season-day emissions broken out by individual
process types. Table 2.5–1 list emission reduction credits by eligible facility. Note that totals
shown in the tables may not equal the sum of individual values due to independent rounding.

2.2

Identification of point sources

The Maricopa County Air Quality Department (MCAQD) identified point sources within
Maricopa County through its permit system database and the 2005 annual emissions reports
submitted to the department. In addition, the permit system was reviewed to locate new facilities
that were not included in the previous emission inventory, and to identify sources that have
ceased operations since the 2002 periodic inventory was compiled.
A total of 173 Maricopa County point sources were identified using the emission thresholds
described in section 2.1. (To ensure consistency in calculation methodologies, 13 retail gasoline
stations which met the point source emission thresholds described above, are instead treated as
part of the area source category “vehicle refueling” in Chapter 3.) Of these 173 stationary point
sources, 164 are MCAQD-permitted sources which reported emissions of VOC, NOx and/or CO
(160 located within the ozone nonattainment area, and 4 outside the ozone NAA). There are no
facilities large enough to meet the point source definition in the Pinal County portion of the
ozone NAA. Additionally, EPA guidance requires emission inventories prepared for SIP
development purposes to consider point sources within 25 miles of the nonattainment area
boundary. For these sources, the traditional “major source” threshold definitions for attainment
areas were applied. No additional point sources met this reporting threshold.
Table 2.2–1 contains an alphabetical list of all point sources, including a unique business identification number, NAICS industry classification code, business name (including any changes
from the 2002 periodic inventory), and physical address.
Table 2.2–1. Name and location of all point sources.
ID #
NAICS Business name
Address
1074
221320 23rd Ave Wastewater Treatment Plant 2470 S 22nd Ave
1075
221320 91st Ave Wastewater Treatment Plant 5615 S 91st Ave
1387
332312 Able Steel Fabricators
4150 E Quartz Cir
1952
423110 Adesa Phoenix LLC
400 N Beck Ave
245
337122 AF Lorts Manufacturing Company
8120 W Harrison St
956
336413 All Pro Industrial Finishes
1531 W 17th St
35541 33121
Allied Tube and Conduit
2525 N 27th Ave
1834
518210 American Express IPC Facility
3151 W Behrend Dr
35567 332323 Ameri-Fab Inc.
22640 N 21st Ave
31637 115111 Anderson Clayton Corp.-Valencia Gin 25500 W Southern Ave
3313
221112 APS West Phx Power Plant
4606 W Hadley St
* = Facility is outside the eight-hour ozone nonattainment area.

2005 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

12

City
Phoenix
Tolleson
Mesa
Chandler
Tolleson
Tempe
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Buckeye
Phoenix

ZIP
85009
85353
85215
85226
85353
85281
85009
85027
85027
85326
85043

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 2.2–1. Name and location of all point sources (continued).
ID #
NAICS Business name
Address
3938
332812 Arizona Galvanizing Inc.
15775Elwood St
4364
61131
Arizona State University
1551 S Rural Rd
27711 339999 Armorworks LLC
7306 S Harl Ave
36485 54185
Billboard Poster Company Inc.
3940 W Montecito Ave
74058 321918 Biltmore Shutters Inc.
1138 W Watkins St
43124 313230 Bonded Logic Inc.
411 E Ray Rd
3441
42471
BP West Coast Products LLC/PHX Terminal 5333 W van Buren St
458
32191
Bryant Industries Inc.
788 W Illini St
217
327123 Building Products Co.
4850 W Buckeye Rd
56105 33711
Burdette Cabinet Co. Inc.
3941 N Higley Rd
1218
562212 Butterfield Station Facility
40404 S 99th Ave
3442
493190 Caljet
125 N 53rd Ave
3296
42471
Calvert Oil Co.
214 Arizona Eastern Ave
60598 337211 Case Furniture & Design LLC
4645 W Polk St
1318
321991 Cavco Industries Inc. (Litchfield)
1366 S Litchfield Rd
1317
321991 Cavco Industries Inc. (S. 35th Ave.)
2602 S 35th Ave
1316
321991 Cavco Industries LLC/Durango Plant
2502 W Durango St
1267
32732
Cemex Mesa Plants No #61 & #71
1901 N Alma School Rd
1310
32311
Century Graphics LLC
2960Grand Ave
3297
42471
Chevron USA Inc
5110 W Madison St
33711
Cholla Custom Cabinets Inc.
1727 E Deer Valley Dr
3976
61573 212322 Circle H Sand & Rock
6400 S El Mirage Rd
35819 562212 City of Chandler Landfill
3850 S McQueen Rd
38731 321991 Clayton Homes-El Mirage
12345 W Butler Dr
3443
42471
Conoco Phillips Phoenix Terminal
10 S 51st Ave
113723 212321 Contractors Landfill & Recycling
2425 N Center St
399
32739
Coreslab Structures (Ariz) Inc.
5026 S 43rd Ave
1198
32311
Courier Graphics Corp.
2621 S 37th St
4368
32191
Craftsmen in Wood Mfg.
5441 W Hadley St
1389
541380 Daimlerchrysler Arizona Proving Grounds
33040 N 203rd Ave
3744
325991 Desert Sun Fiberglass
21412 N 14th Ave
130
331512 Dolphin Inc.
740 S 59th Ave
48771 32739
Eagle Roofing Products
4602 W Elwood St
3305
311812 Earthgrains Baking Companies Inc.
738 W Van Buren St
26
423810 Empire Machinery Co.
1725 S Country Club Dr
1505
32191
Executive Door
3939 W Clarendon Ave
1488
115111 Farmer's Gin Inc.
8400 S Turner Rd
544
321991 Fleetwood Homes of Arizona Inc #21
6112 N 56th Ave
27728 334413 Flipchip International LLC
3701 E University Dr
881
334413 Freescale Semiconductor Inc. (Alma School) 1300 N Alma School Rd
1109
334413 Freescale Semiconductor Inc. (Elliott Rd.)
2100 E Elliot Rd
44439 221112 Gila River Power Station
1250 E Watermelon Rd
73110 424910 Glenn Weinberger Topsoil Inc.
39500 S 99th Ave
508
337122 Golden Eagle Manufacturing
601 S 65th Ave
1418
326299 Goodrich Aircraft Interior Products
3414 S 5th St
699
212321 Hanson Aggregates of AZ (S. 51st Ave.)
4002 S 51st Ave
4498
212321 Hanson Aggregates of AZ (W. Indian Sch.) 33500 W Indian School
44183 332312 Haulmark Industries Inc.
8230 N El Mirage Rd
31565 32614
Henry Products Inc.
302 S 23rd Ave
138
321918 Heritage Shutters Inc.
602 W Lone Cactus Dr
529
32614
Highland Products Inc.
43 N 48th Ave
3536
311812 Holsum Bakery Inc.
2322 W Lincoln St
* = Facility is outside the eight-hour ozone nonattainment area.

2005 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

13

City
Goodyear
Tempe
Tempe
Phoenix
Phoenix
Chandler
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Mesa
Mobile
Phoenix
Buckeye
Phoenix
Goodyear
Phoenix
Phoenix
Mesa
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Tolleson
Chandler
El Mirage
Phoenix
Mesa
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Wittmann
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Mesa
Phoenix
Buckeye
Glendale
Phoenix
Chandler
Tempe
Gila Bend
Maricopa Co.
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
El Mirage
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix

ZIP
85338
85287
85283
85019
85007
85225
85043
85041
85043
85215
85239
85043
85326
85043
85338
85009
85009
85201
85017
85043
85024
85353
85249
85335
85043
85201
85041
85034
85043
85361
85027
85043
85043
85007
85210
85019
85326
85311
85034
85224
85284
85337 *
85239
85043
85040
85043
85340
85335
85009
85027
85043
85009

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 2.2–1. Name and location of all point sources (continued).
ID #
NAICS Business name
Address
1059
336412 Honeywell Engines Sys & Service Phx R&O 1944 E Sky Harbor Cir
247
336413 Honeywell Engines Systems Accessories
1300 W Warner Rd
355
336412 Honeywell-Engines Systems & Services
111 S 34th St
403
331316 Hydro Aluminum North America Inc.
249 S 51st Ave
777
32614 Insulfoam
3401 W Cocopah St
3966
334413 Intel Corp.-Ocotillo Campus (Fabs 12 & 22) 4500 S Dobson Rd
732
334418 Jabil Circuit Inc.
615 S River Dr
341
325991 L & M Laminates & Marble
813 E University Dr
96886 337122 Legends Furniture
10300 W Buckeye Rd
4360
32311 Litho Tech Inc.
2020 N 22nd Ave
857
334411 Litton Electro-Optical Systems
1215 S 52nd St
43063 221112 LSP Arlington Valley LLC
39027 W Elliot Rd
3300
92811 Luke Air Force Base
14002 W Marauder St
744
331513 M E Global Inc.
5857 S Kyrene Rd
1248
325991 Maax Spas Arizona
25605 S Arizona Ave
31261 21231 Madison Granite Supplies
30600 N 23rd Ave
353
326199 Marlam Industries Inc
834 E Hammond Ln
289
115111 Martori Farms
51040 W Valley Rd
62
33711 Mastercraft Cabinets Inc.
305 S Brooks
3326
325991 Mesa Fully Formed Inc.
1111 S Sirrine St
212321 Mesa Materials Inc (Broadway)
7845 W Broadway Rd
1415
1414
212321 Mesa Materials Inc (Higley)
3410 N Higley Rd
44186 221112 Mesquite Generating Station
37625 W Elliot Rd
1875
334413 Microchip Technology Inc.
1200 S 52nd St
226
32739 Monier Lifetile LLC
1832 S 51st Ave
34197 327420 National Gypsum Co.
1414 E Hadley St
910
334412 Neltec Inc.
1420 W 12th Pl
73084 337122 New Directions Incorporated
402 S 63rd Ave
43530 221112 New Harquahala Generating Co.
2530 N 491st Ave
1879
562212 Northwest Regional Landfill
19401 W Deer Valley
1331
337122 Oak Canyon Manufacturing Inc.
3021 N 29th Dr
3953
33711 Oakcraft Inc.
7733 W Olive Ave
27925 337122 Oasis Bedroom Co.
2022 N 22nd Ave
52382 221112 Ocotillo Power Plant
1500 E University Dr
3982
32311 O'Neil Printing Inc.
366 N 2nd Ave
528
322211 Packaging Corporation of America Inc.
441 S 53rd Ave
1344
321991 Palm Harbor Homes Inc.
309 S Perry Ln
98
221113 Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station
5801 S Wintersburg Rd
428
115111 Paloma Gin Properties LLC
I-8
2401 W Sherman St
733
811412 Pan-Glo Services
419
336412 Parker Hannifin GTFSD
7777 N Glen Harbor Blvd
1341
33992 Penn Racquet Sports Inc.
306 S 45th Ave
1014
327121 Phoenix Brick Yard
1814 S 7th Ave
562
51111 Phoenix Newspapers Inc.
22600 N 19th Ave
1154
33992 Ping Inc.
2201 W Desert Cove
148
331528 Presto Casting Co.
5440 W Missouri Ave
60889 811198 Purcells Western States Tire
420 S 35th Ave
1030
32311 Quebecor World-Phoenix Division
1850 E Watkins St
44182 332312 Quincy Joist Company
22253 W Southern Ave
50299 713910 Quintero Area Water System
16752 W St Rt 74
537
327999 Red Mountain Mining Inc.
4520 N Power Rd
42956 221112 Redhawk Generating Facility
11600 S 363rd Ave
303
332431 Rexam Beverage Can Company
211 N 51st Ave
* = Facility is outside the eight-hour ozone nonattainment area.

2005 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

14

City
Phoenix
Tempe
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Chandler
Tempe
Phoenix
Tolleson
Phoenix
Tempe
Arlington
Glendale
Tempe
Chandler
Phoenix
Phoenix
Aguila
Mesa
Mesa
Phoenix
Mesa
Arlington
Tempe
Phoenix
Phoenix
Tempe
Phoenix
Tonopah
Surprise
Phoenix
Peoria
Phoenix
Tempe
Phoenix
Phoenix
Tempe
Tonopah
Gila Bend
Phoenix
Glendale
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Glendale
Phoenix
Phoenix
Buckeye
Peoria
Mesa
Arlington
Phoenix

ZIP
85034
85284
85034
85043
85009
85248
85281
85034
85353
85009
85281
85322
85309
85283
85248
85027
85034
85320 *
85202
85210
85043
85205
85322
85281
85043
85034
85281
85009
85354 *
85374
85017
85345
85009
85281
85003
85043
85281
85354
85337 *
85009
85307
85043
85007
85027
85029
85301
85009
85034
85326
85382
85215
85322
85043

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 2.2–1. Name and location of all point sources (continued).
ID #
NAICS Business name
Address
63
212321 Rinker Materials (El Mirage)
8635 N El Mirage Rd
260
212321 Rinker Materials (S. 19th Ave.)
3640 S 19th Ave
64781 212313 Rinker Materials (S. 59th Ave.)
5605 S 59th Ave
213
212321 Rinker Materials (W. Glendale)
11920 W Glendale Ave
4318
32732 River Ranch Plant #40
5159 N El Mirage Rd
759
32613 Rogers Corp./Advanced Circuit Materials
100 S Roosevelt Ave
1437
334412 Sanmina Phoenix Division
5020 S 36th St
3315
221112 Santan Generating Station
1005 S Val Vista Rd
266
332312 Schuff Steel Co.
420 S 19th Ave
246
321991 Schult Homes
231 N Apache Rd
4175
424710 SFPP LP Phoenix Terminal
49 N 53rd Ave
50422 336413 Simula Safety Systems Inc.
7822 S 46th St
27933 562212 Skunk Creek Landfill
3165 W Happy Valley
331
321999 Smurfit Stone Container Corp.
6900 W Northern Ave
46277 321999 Southwest Forest Products Inc.
2828 S 35th Ave
3316
221112 SRP Agua Fria Generating Station
7302 W Northern Ave
3317
221112 SRP Kyrene Generating Station
7005 S Kyrene Rd
4131
334413 ST Microelectronics
1000 E Bell Rd
1444
327123 Staco Architectural Roof Tile
3530 E Elwood St
582
337122 Stone Creek Inc.
4221 E Raymond St
334413 Sumco Southwest Corporation
19801 N Tatum Blvd
4400
378
212321 Sun Land Materials
6950 W Southern Ave
281
212321 Sun State Rock & Materials
11500 W Beardsley Rd
101
31161 Sunland Beef Company
651 S 91st Ave
42102 334511 Suntron Corp.
2401 W Grandview Rd
31643 562212 SW Reg Municipal Solid Waste Landfill
24427 S Hwy 85
249
336411 The Boeing Company
5000 E McDowell Rd
552
337122 Thornwood Furniture Mfg.
5125 E Madison St
363
337122 Thunderbird Furniture
7501 E Redfield Rd
56
32739 TPAC A Division of Kiewit Western Co.
3052 S 19th Ave
1211
337122 Trendwood Inc (E. University)
261 E University Dr
1210
337122 Trendwood Inc (S. 15th Ave.)
2402 S 15th Ave
37546 32739 Trenwyth Industries
4626 N 42nd Ave
169
811111 U-Haul Intl. Technical Center
11298 S Priest Dr
234
311514 United Dairymen of Arizona
2008 S Hardy Dr
53
32739 Utility Vault Co.
411 E Frye Rd
827
332812 Valley Industrial Painting
1131 W Watkins St
2
32412 Vulcan Materials Co. (115th Ave.)
14521 N 115th Ave
90
32732 Vulcan Materials Co. (43rd Ave.)
4830 S 43rd Ave
344
212321 Vulcan Materials Co. (W. Indian School Rd.) 11923 W Indian School
174
325998 W R Meadows of Az Inc.
4220 S Sarival Ave
1239
332321 Wastequip-AG
2525 W Broadway Rd
36676 311119 Western Milling
310 S 24th Ave
141
424910 Western Organics Inc.
2807 S 27th Ave
398
212321 Wickenburg Facility
44605 Grand Ave
20706 32614 Wincup Holdings Inc.
7980 W Buckeye Rd
1382
33711 Woodcase Fine Cabinetry Inc.
3255 W Osborn Rd
* = Facility is outside the eight-hour ozone nonattainment area.

2005 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

15

City
El Mirage
Phoenix
Laveen
Glendale
Litchfield Pk
Chandler
Phoenix
Gilbert
Phoenix
Buckeye
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Glendale
Phoenix
Glendale
Tempe
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Laveen
Sun City
Tolleson
Phoenix
Buckeye
Mesa
Phoenix
Scottsdale
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Tempe
Tempe
Chandler
Phoenix
El Mirage
Phoenix
Avondale
Goodyear
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Wickenburg
Phoenix
Phoenix

ZIP
85335
85009
85339
85307
85340
85226
85040
85296
85009
85326
85043
85044
85027
85303
85009
85303
85283
85022
85040
85040
85050
85339
85373
85353
85023
85326
85215
85034
85260
85009
85004
85007
85019
85284
85282
85225
85007
85335
85041
85039
85338
85041
85009
85009
85390
85043
85017

Maricopa County, AZ

2.3

Procedures for estimating emissions from point sources

Both annual and average ozone season-day emissions were estimated from annual source
emission reports, MCAQD investigation reports, permit files and logs, or telephone contacts with
sources. For most of the sources, material balance methods were used for determining
emissions. Emissions were estimated using the emission factors from AP–42, source tests,
engineering calculations, or manufacturers' specifications.
MCAQD distributes annual emissions survey forms to nearly all facilities for which MCAQD
has issued an operating permit. Facilities are required to report detailed information on stacks,
control devices, operating schedules, and process-level information concerning their annual
activities. (Appendix 2.1 contains a copy of instructions provided to complete the annual
emissions survey.) These instructions include examples and explanations on how to complete
the annual emissions reporting forms that facilities must submit to MCAQD. Activity data
reported for the June–August summer season is presumed to be representative of the July–
September ozone season.
After a facility has submitted an annual emissions report to MCAQD, emissions inventory staff
checks all reports for missing and questionable data, and check the accuracy and reasonableness
of all emissions calculations with AP–42, the Factor Information and REtrieval (FIRE) software,
and other EPA documentation. Control efficiencies are determined by source tests when available, or by AP–42 factors, engineering calculations, or manufacturers' specifications. MCAQD
has conducted annual emissions surveys for permitted facilities since 1988, and the department's
database system, EMS, contains numerous automated quality assurance/quality control checks
for data input and processing.

2.3.1

Application of rule effectiveness

Rule effectiveness reflects the actual ability of a regulatory program to achieve the emission
reductions required by regulation. The concept of applying rule effectiveness in a SIP emission
inventory has evolved from the observation that regulatory programs may be less than 100
percent effective for some source categories. Rule effectiveness (RE) is applied to those sources
affected by a regulation and for which emissions are determined by means of emission factors
and control efficiency estimates.
In prior years, EPA guidance (US EPA, 1992) recommended using a default RE value of 80%.
More recently, a workgroup consisting of emissions inventory staff from state, local and EPA
offices convened to review existing rule effectiveness guidance, and develop consensus recommendation for improvements to this guidance. This work resulted in the development of
questionnaires for point and area sources, which identify control program factors most likely to
affect RE.
MCAQD applied this revised approach (US EPA, 2005, Appendix B) to controlled processes
reported by facilities on their annual emission reports. The quantification of RE was performed
for three groups of industrial processes:
•

For manually controlled processes that are regulated by Maricopa County Rule 316
(Nonmetallic Mineral Processing), EPA’s non-point source guidance was applied to

2005 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

16

Maricopa County, AZ

•

determine the rule effectiveness of County Rule 316. Results showed an overall rule
effectiveness of 54.36%; see MCAQD (2007) for details.
For most other processes that claimed emissions reductions through the use of a control
device, EPA’s point source guidance was applied to determine the effectiveness of the
reported capture and control efficiencies. Calculations were performed separately for
Title V and non-Title V sources. Application of the 2005 EPA guidance resulted in
overall RE values of 90.55% (for Title V processes) and 87.95% (for non-Title V). A
sample questionnaire and documentation of calculations for these processes is included in
Appendix 2.2.

Section 2.3.3 contains a detailed description of the application of RE for a specific process. The
following sections illustrate how emission estimates were obtained for the Maricopa Countypermitted sources listed in Table 2.2–1.

2.3.2

Example 1: Ocotillo Power Plant

Arizona Public Service (APS) operates a peaking electric generating plant with two steam units
(gas/oil-fired boilers) and two natural-gas turbines. APS provided its total annual fuel consumption for each unit, as well as daily and seasonal operating activity. Total annual emissions from
boilers and turbines are summed to obtain the facility's total annual emissions. The Ocotillo
power plant provided the following data which were used to calculate CO emissions from boilers
and turbines:
SCC
10100604
20100201

Source type
Natural gas boilers
Natural gas turbines

Annual fuel
consumption (MMCF)
2,078.90
71.69

CO emission factor
(lb/ MMCF)
24
77.9

CO emissions
(lbs/yr)
49,893.6
5,584.7

Calculation of annual CO emissions:

Annual emissions (lbs) =Annual fuel consumption × emission factor
CO emissions from natural-gas boilers

= 2,078.90 MMCF × 24 lb CO/MMCF
= 49,893.6 lbs CO/yr

CO emissions from natural-gas turbines = 71.69 MMCF × 77.9 lb CO/MMCF
= 5,584.7 lbs CO/yr
Total CO emissions

= 49,893.6 lbs + 5,584.7 lbs
= 55,478.3 lbs/yr
= 27.74 tons CO/yr

APS provided seasonal operating data for each boiler and turbine. The seasonal activity reported
for the June–August time period ranged from 25 to 95 percent among the four units. The
average season-day emissions were calculated individually, as illustrated in the following
example, and then summed to derive daily totals.

2005 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

17

Maricopa County, AZ

Calculation of ozone season-day emissions:
Season-day emissions
from steam unit #2

= annual emissions × seasonal activity factor ÷ (days/week × weeks/season)
= 23,480.9 lb

× 44%

÷ (7 × 13)

= 113.5 lbs CO/season day

2.3.3

Example 2: Rogers Corp. Advanced Circuit Materials

This facility produces components of electronic circuit boards. One step in this operation is the
production of “prepreg”, or the lamination of fabric components with a xylene-containing resin.
The example below demonstrates the steps involved in calculating emissions, emissions reductions from material recycling/disposal and pollution control equipment, and the application of
rule effectiveness.
Uncontrolled annual
VOC emissions (lbs)

= Material usage × VOC emission factor
= 732,239 lb xylene/yr × 1 lb/lb

= 732,239 lb/yr

Uncontrolled emissions from many processes can be reduced in a number of ways, including: (1)
capture of the pollutant-containing input material for offsite recycling or disposal, and (2) use of
a control device to capture and control pollutants. The amount of pollutant captured for
recycling/disposal from one or more waste streams is calculated as:
Pollutant recaptured = Σ (Quantity of waste stream n × average pollutant content in waste stream n)
for recycling/disposal

The xylene used in this process was captured in three different waste streams, as follows:
Material recaptured

= (92,099 lbs/yr × 90.7% VOC) + (64,634 lbs/yr × 47.3% VOC) + (11,639 lbs/yr × 12%)
= 83,534 + 30,572 + 1,397 lbs/yr
= 115,503 lbs VOC/yr captured for off-site recycling disposal

Since this material is captured before emissions from this process are vented to a control device,
this off-site disposal “credit” is subtracted from the uncontrolled emissions before calculating the
control device effectiveness:
Controlled
emissions

= uncontrolled – pollutant captured for × [1 – (capture efficiency × control device effectiveness)]
emissions
off-site disposal

From the data calculated above, and the reported specifications of the control device (including
source testing of the control device efficiency), total VOC controlled emissions are calculated as:
Controlled emissions

= 732,239 lb/yr – 115,503 lb/yr × [1 – (99.5% capture × 99.3% control)]
= 616,736 × [1 – (0.988035)]
= 7,379 lbs VOC/yr

2005 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

18

Maricopa County, AZ

This total was reported on the facility's annual emissions inventory as actual VOC emissions
from this process. In developing the SIP inventory, rule effectiveness (RE) is applied to the
reported control device efficiency (99.3%), following EPA guidelines.
As described in Section 2.3.1, a value of 87.95% RE was applied to this process. Thus the total
annual emissions including RE was calculated as:
Annual controlled VOC = Net uncontrolled emissions × [1 – (RE % × capture efficiency × control efficiency)]
emissions reflecting RE
= 616,736 lbs/yr × [1 – (87.95% × 99.5% × 99.3%)]
= 80,807 lbs VOC/yr

Calculation of ozone season-day emissions:
Season-day emissions
(lbs/day)

= Annual emissions × seasonal activity factor ÷ (days/week × weeks/season)
= 80,807 lbs/yr

× 25%

÷ (7 × 13)

= 222.0 lbs VOC/day

2.4

Summary of point source emissions

2.4.1

Point source emissions by geographic location

Table 2.4–1 provides a summary of annual and ozone season-day emissions from all point
sources, within and outside the ozone nonattainment area. Sources for which rule effectiveness
has been applied are noted. Values of “0.00” and “0.0” for annual and daily emissions denote a
value below the level of significance (0.005 tons/yr and 0.05 lbs/day, respectively). Note that
totals shown in the tables may not equal the sum of individual values due to independent
rounding.
Table 2.4–1. Annual and ozone season-day point source emissions, by facility.
Annual (tons/yr)
ID # Business name
VOC
NOx
CO
1074
23rd Ave Wastewater Treatment Plant
0.45
4.18
53.51
1075
91st Ave Wastewater Treatment Plant
0.66
14.75
6.94
1387
Able Steel Fabricators
11.56
1952
Adesa Phoenix LLC
10.28
0.11
0.09
245
AF Lorts Manufacturing Company
77.72
0.02
0.02
956
All Pro Industrial Finishes
12.27
35541 Allied Tube and Conduit
29.52
0.11
0.10
1834
American Express IPC Facility
0.90
11.01
2.37
35567 Ameri-Fab Inc.
35.19
31637 Anderson Clayton Corp.-Valencia Gin
0.00
0.05
0.01
3313
APS West Phx Power Plant
36.20 518.91
72.36
3938
Arizona Galvanizing Inc.
0.16
2.84
2.38
4364
Arizona State University
1.86
11.66
14.87
27711 Armorworks LLC
10.69
36485 Billboard Poster Company Inc.
23.49
74058 Biltmore Shutters Inc.
11.70
43124 Bonded Logic Inc.
0.01
0.19
0.16
* = Source for which rule effectiveness has been applied.
2005 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

19

Ozone season day (lbs/day)
VOC
NOx
CO
2.2
18.2
279.1
2.9
79.7
47.9
88.9
79.1
0.8
0.7
747.4
0.2
0.2
100.6
272.5
1.0
0.8
4.9
60.5
13.0
270.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
299.9
4,651.7
637.8
0.9
15.6
13.1
8.1
31.7
23.2
68.6
216.8
90.0
0.1
1.5
1.3

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 2.4–1. Annual and ozone season-day point source emissions, by facility (continued).
Annual (tons/yr)
Ozone season day (lbs/day)
ID # Business name
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
3441
BP West Coast Products LLC
24.26
124.9
458
Bryant Industries Inc.
18.61
143.1
217
Building Products Co.
3.33
5.34
17.75
24.9
29.8
97.9
56105 Burdette Cabinet Co. Inc.
11.06
85.1
1218
Butterfield Station Facility
0.94
2.08
4.32
5.3
13.3
24.1
3442
Caljet
21.58
1.38
6.89
118.6
7.6
37.9
3296
Calvert Oil Co.
11.47
63.9
60598 Case Furniture & Design LLC
37.47
240.2
1318
Cavco Industries Inc. (Litchfield)
36.58
281.4
1317
Cavco Industries Inc. (S. 35th Ave.)
10.97
84.4
1316
Cavco Industries LLC/Durango Plant
25.02
192.5
1267
Cemex Mesa Plants No #61 & #71
1.25
61.69
4.24
6.6
325.4
22.4
1310
Century Graphics LLC
11.52
0.06
0.05
88.6
0.4
0.4
3297
Chevron USA Inc.
18.73
95.7
3976
Cholla Custom Cabinets Inc.
13.50
0.10
0.02
103.9
0.7
0.1
61573 Circle H Sand & Rock
1.05
12.82
2.76
8.0
98.6
21.2
35819 City of Chandler Landfill
2.86
6.57
57.72
15.9
36.7
328.2
38731 Clayton Homes-El Mirage
11.36
87.4
3443
Conoco Phillips Phoenix Terminal
12.56
66.2
113723 Contractors Landfill & Recycling
0.23
2.80
0.60
1.5
18.2
3.9
399
Coreslab Structures (Ariz) Inc.
14.76
112.0
1198
Courier Graphics Corp.
12.42
0.37
0.31
86.0
2.6
2.1
4368
Craftsmen in Wood Mfg.
11.58
0.07
0.06
89.1
0.5
0.5
1389
Daimlerchrysler Arizona Proving Ground
1.02
0.14
0.06
7.1
0.7
0.6
3744
Desert Sun Fiberglass
21.70
166.9
130
Dolphin Inc.
6.29
2.27
1.89
53.2
18.8
15.7
48771 Eagle Roofing Products
5.01
1.82
1.53
32.1
11.7
9.8
3305
Earthgrains Baking Companies Inc.
24.71
2.06
1.73
158.5
13.2
11.1
26
Empire Machinery Co.
9.03
33.25
22.31
56.3
197.5
134.0
1505
Executive Door
13.42
103.2
1488
Farmer's Gin Inc.
0.02
0.60
0.10
0.0
0.0
0.0
544
Fleetwood Homes of Arizona Inc. #21
14.57
112.1
27728 Flipchip International LLC
17.81
0.44
0.37
97.9
2.4
2.0
881
Freescale Semiconductor Inc. (Alma Sch)
48.77
6.92
2.67
268.8
70.5
22.2
1109
Freescale Semiconductor Inc. (Elliott Rd.)
11.08
3.11
0.05
61.3
21.4
1.4
73110 Glenn Weinberger Topsoil Inc.
0.01
0.08
0.02
0.0
0.4
0.1
508
Golden Eagle Manufacturing
14.97
0.03
0.02
115.2
0.2
0.2
1418
Goodrich Aircraft Interior Products
75.53
0.58
0.28
580.9
1.9
0.0
699
Hanson Aggregates of AZ (S. 51st Ave.)
5.01
5.64
6.68
38.5
43.4
51.4
4498
Hanson Aggregates of AZ (W. Ind. Sch.)
1.38
16.90
3.64
10.6
130.0
28.0
44183 Haulmark Industries Inc.
15.58
119.8
31565 Henry Products Inc.
62.26
0.55
0.46
480.8
4.2
3.5
138
Heritage Shutters Inc.
14.56
112.0
529
Highland Products Inc.
50.29
1.98
1.66
276.5
15.2
12.8
3536
Holsum Bakery Inc.
25.22
2.71
2.28
202.4
20.0
16.8
1059
Honeywell Engines Sys & Service
21.52
1.52
1.95
137.6
3.1
6.9
247
Honeywell Engines Systems Accessories
3.38
10.39
3.18
18.6
57.1
17.5
355
Honeywell-Engines Systems & Services
44.60
64.78
27.42
280.5
355.9
150.6
403
Hydro Aluminum North America Inc.
38.69
11.95
11.03
248.0
76.6
70.7
777
Insulfoam
90.54
1.63
1.37
534.0
10.4
8.8
3966
Intel Corp.-Ocotillo Campus (Fab 12 / 22)
31.08
24.87
20.44
180.8
259.1
138.6
732
Jabil Circuit Inc.
21.81
167.8
* = Source for which rule effectiveness has been applied.

2005 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

20

Maricopa County, AZ

*
*

*

*

*
*

*
*
*

*
*
*

Table 2.4–1. Annual and ozone season-day point source emissions, by facility (continued).
Annual (tons/yr)
Ozone season day (lbs/day)
ID # Business name
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
341
L & M Laminates & Marble
45.63
292.5
96886 Legends Furniture
16.24
199.9
4360
Litho Tech Inc.
11.37
87.5
857
Litton Electro-Optical Systems
16.05
103.9
43063 LSP Arlington Valley LLC
5.66
51.81
58.25
52.9
485.4
539.8
3300
Luke Air Force Base
34.76
9.37
6.27
260.0
45.2
27.2
744
M E Global Inc.
22.35
40.38
53.28
169.9
325.2
360.8
1248
Maax Spas Arizona
51.65
556.2
31261 Madison Granite Supplies
3.07
31.84
20.51
23.7
244.9
157.8
353
Marlam Industries Inc.
80.87
0.04
0.03
622.0
0.3
0.3
62
Mastercraft Cabinets Inc.
101.66
0.13
0.11
907.1
0.9
0.8
3326
Mesa Fully Formed Inc.
41.01
315.5
1415
Mesa Materials Inc. (Broadway)
5.42
9.52
22.08
50.1
87.9
203.8
1414
Mesa Materials Inc. (Higley)
3.64
7.02
19.17
33.6
64.8
177.0
44186 Mesquite Generating Station
8.41 210.54
22.37
50.3
1,255.1
134.0
1875
Microchip Technology Inc.
35.40
6.36
4.66
196.8
62.8
31.6
226
Monier Lifetile LLC
11.51
0.54
0.45
73.8
3.4
2.9
34197 National Gypsum Co.
0.98
17.96
14.69
6.4
118.8
94.8
910
Neltec Inc.
25.52
10.73
2.00
140.2
59.0
11.0
73084 New Directions Incorporated
25.42
195.6
1879
Northwest Regional Landfill
0.68
8.75
2.27
99.6
132.4
133.9
1331
Oak Canyon Manufacturing Inc.
90.83
5.0
62.9
13.6
3953
Oakcraft Inc.
88.19
0.14
0.12
698.7
27925 Oasis Bedroom Co.
15.58
565.3
1.1
0.9
52382 Ocotillo Power Plant
6.18
97.46
27.74
119.9
3982
O'Neil Printing Inc.
34.22
56.4
966.4
272.8
528
Packaging Corporation of America Inc.
6.34
13.88
11.66
263.2
1344
Palm Harbor Homes Inc.
13.45
48.8
106.8
89.7
98
Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station
28.76
82.56
24.55
103.5
73
Pan-Glo Services
13.25
0.72
0.60
72.9
5.5
4.6
419
Parker Hannifin GTFSD
22.09
141.6
1341
Penn Racquet Sports Inc.
221.40
5.17
4.34
1,703.1
38.8
32.6
1014
Phoenix Brick Yard
1.53
10.27
34.60
9.0
56.4
190.1
562
Phoenix Newspapers Inc.
12.26
0.59
0.22
67.9
16.5
3.2
1154
Ping Inc.
12.99
0.17
0.14
99.7
0.5
0.5
148
Presto Casting Co.
10.16
1.19
0.93
78.2
9.1
7.1
60889 Purcells Western States Tire
6.19
0.16
0.13
66.6
1.2
1.0
1030
Quebecor World-Phoenix Division
74.19
1.76
39.99
361.5
9.9
225.6
44182 Quincy Joist Company
79.47
611.3
50299 Quintero Area Water System
1.06
13.39
2.89
5.9
74.1
16.0
537
Red Mountain Mining Inc.
0.69
8.46
1.82
5.3
65.0
14.0
42956 Redhawk Generating Facility
7.41 145.02 134.65
62.2
1,238.3
1,151.9
303
Rexam Beverage Can Company
118.93
5.22
4.39
653.5
28.7
24.1
63
Rinker Materials (El Mirage)
0.00
0.25
0.06
0.0
1.6
0.4
260
Rinker Materials (S. 19th Ave.)
1.22
4.90
14.67
9.5
37.5
130.0
64781 Rinker Materials (S. 59th Ave.)
2.36
29.20
6.31
15.1
187.2
40.5
213
Rinker Materials (W. Glendale)
7.77
7.44
29.54
57.1
54.6
219.5
4318
River Ranch Plant #40
0.15
1.2
759
Rogers Corp./Advanced Circuit Materials
49.76
1.33
7.31
284.3
7.3
40.2
1437
Sanmina Phoenix Division
29.25
1.24
1.04
187.5
8.0
6.7
3315
Santan Generating Station
14.58 220.66 106.40
118.2
2,054.9
920.8
266
Schuff Steel Co.
4.97
10.46
2.25
38.2
80.5
17.3
* = Source for which rule effectiveness has been applied.

2005 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

21

Maricopa County, AZ

*
*

*
*

*

*
*

*

*

*
*

Table 2.4–1. Annual and ozone season-day point source emissions, by facility (continued).
Annual (tons/yr)
Ozone season day (lbs/day)
ID # Business name
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
246
Schult Homes
10.24
79.6
4175
SFPP LP Phoenix Terminal
325.25
6.64
4.81
1,758.9
36.5
26.4
50422 Simula Safety Systems Inc.
36.54
0.08
0.06
234.2
0.5
0.4
27933 Skunk Creek Landfill
14.13
1.83
0.54
77.7
10.1
2.9
331
Smurfit Stone Container Corp.
0.88
10.81
2.33
6.8
83.1
17.9
46277 Southwest Forest Products Inc.
1.59
19.51
4.20
12.2
150.1
32.3
3316
SRP Agua Fria Generating Station
6.32 352.99
74.15
84.2
5,626.3
1,180.7
3317
SRP Kyrene Generating Station
1.38
47.07
19.04
11.7
456.0
193.7
4131
ST Microelectronics
33.99
4.02
3.37
186.8
22.1
18.5
1444
Staco Architectural Roof Tile
12.86
0.07
0.06
98.9
0.6
0.5
582
Stone Creek Inc.
21.41
164.7
4400
Sumco Southwest Corporation
14.67
11.19
2.39
87.0
68.1
13.1
378
Sun Land Materials
0.86
10.57
2.28
6.6
81.3
17.5
281
Sun State Rock & Materials
0.40
32.09
0.96
2.6
205.7
6.2
101
Sunland Beef Company
15.13
11.19
9.40
97.7
83.1
69.8
42102 Suntron Corp.
13.26
102.0
31643 SW Reg Municipal Solid Waste Landfill
15.09
6.35
1.39
88.6
40.7
8.9
249
The Boeing Company
28.11
3.17
1.91
216.2
24.2
14.6
552
Thornwood Furniture Mfg.
75.45
580.4
363
Thunderbird Furniture
16.12
0.03
0.03
124.0
0.3
0.2
56
TPAC A Division of Kiewit Western Co.
0.10
1.77
1.49
0.7
13.6
11.4
1211
Trendwood Inc. (E. University)
55.09
423.8
1210
Trendwood Inc. (S. 15th Ave.)
62.21
478.5
37546 Trenwyth Industries
11.19
0.09
0.07
107.6
0.8
0.7
169
U-Haul Intl. Technical Center
16.62
106.5
234
United Dairymen of Arizona
2.09
16.60
26.91
11.1
84.5
142.3
53
Utility Vault Co.
10.25
2.36
0.51
94.3
18.1
3.9
827
Valley Industrial Painting
24.71
190.1
2
Vulcan Materials Co. (115th Ave.)
0.36
10.85
22.90
3.1
83.4
176.1
90
Vulcan Materials Co. (43rd Ave.)
3.60
5.88
1.39
33.5
54.3
12.8
344
Vulcan Materials Co. (Indian School Rd.)
0.13
1.4
174
W R Meadows of AZ Inc.
11.62
0.14
0.11
190.7
1.7
1.5
1239
Wastequip-AG
14.59
93.5
36676 Western Milling
0.36
0.96
0.32
2.8
7.4
2.4
141
Western Organics Inc.
0.30
1.9
398
Wickenburg Facility
0.46
5.65
1.22
3.5
43.5
9.4
20706 Wincup Holdings Inc.
104.38
13.24
11.12
642.3
81.5
68.5
1382
Woodcase Fine Cabinetry Inc.
19.77
152.1
Ozone Nonattainment Area Totals:
3,769.67 2,493.05 1,234.11 26,566.2 22,306.3
9,591.0

*

*

*

*

*

Facilities outside the ozone NAA:
Annual (tons/yr)
Business name
VOC
NOx
CO
Gila River Power Station
1.48 353.59
74.50
Martori Farms
2.70
0.05
0.04
New Harquahala Generating Co.
18.13
24.10
24.36
Paloma Gin Properties LLC
0.08
0.07
Other Than NAA Totals:
22.31 377.82
98.97
Total Point Source Emissions:
3,791.98 2,870.87 1,333.08
*Source for which rule effectiveness has been applied.
ID #

2005 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

22

Ozone season day (lbs/day)
VOC
NOx
CO
16.0
3,636.4
766.2 *
20.1
99.6
132.4
133.9
135.7
26,701.9

3,768.8
26,075.1

900.1
10,491.0

Maricopa County, AZ

2.4.2

Point source emissions by process type

Table 2.4–2 lists annual and ozone season-day emissions from the all point sources addressed in
this chapter, listed by major SCC type.
Table 2.4–2. Maricopa County annual and ozone season-day point source emissions, by process type.
CATEGORY
Annual (tons/yr)
Ozone season day (lbs/day)
SCC Category
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
101
External Combustion – EGUs
10.18
414.28
92.82
126.7
6,185.7 1,351.3
102
External Combustion – Industrial
30.45
169.62
200.82
199.4
1,046.8 1,203.1
103
External Combustion – Comm./inst.
2.03
26.82
27.99
8.3
118.4
97.9
201
Internal Combustion – EGUs
68.22 1,585.54
497.25
567.8 14,203.0 4,451.9
202
Internal Combustion – Industrial
45.95
422.28
130.54
298.4
2,854.7
866.2
203
Internal Combustion – Comm./inst.
2.57
31.90
6.89
16.1
202.5
43.8
204
Internal Combustion – Engine testing
7.65
61.43
24.42
45.4
346.5
140.1
302
Food/Agriculture
63.01
444.5
304
Industrial. Proc: Secondary Metal
34.79
37.81
52.02
267.0
306.8
351.0
305
Mineral Products
44.47
64.05
167.51
351.1
495.5 1,249.7
306
Petroleum Industry
5.12
0.0
307
Ind. Proc: Paper/Wood
10.18
78.7
308
Ind. Proc: Rubber/Plastic
519.03
3,659.0
312
Ind. Proc: Misc. Machinery
0.53
4.1
313
Ind. Proc: Elec. Equipment
105.42
14.58
5.50
600.4
86.8
30.2
330
Industrial Processes, NEC
0.45
2.9
385
Ind. Proc: Cooling Towers
3.75
26.9
390
In-Process Fuel Use
0.04
0.2
399
Ind. Proc: Misc. Mfg
250.90
1,884.1
401
Organic Solvent Evaporation
180.43
1,220.5
402
Surface Coating
1,764.24
8.36
13,170.6
45.9
403
Petroleum Product Storage
6.39
6.64
4.81
47.2
36.5
26.4
404
Petroleum Liquid Storage
412.38
2,250.3
405
Printing/Publishing
180.47
1,180.5
406
Transp./Mktg. Petroleum Products
7.92
52.8
407
Organic Chemical Storage
4.62
25.4
490
Organic Solvent Evaporation
0.01
0.0
501
Solid Waste Disposal.: Municipal
29.92
26.31
118.36
168.9
139.2
656.5
502
Solid Waste Disposal.: Comm./Inst.
0.87
1.24
4.14
4.8
6.8
22.8
3,791.98 2,870.87 1,333.08 26,701.9 26,075.1 10,491.0
n/a
Emission reduction credits
97.2
9.8
14.3
532.6
53.7
78.4
3,889.18 2,880.67 1,347.38 27,234.5 26,128.8 10,569.4

2.5

Emission reduction credits

A major source or major modification planned in a nonattainment area must obtain emissions
reductions as a condition for approval. These emissions reductions, generally obtained from
existing sources located in the vicinity of a proposed source must offset the emissions increase
from the new source or modification. The obvious purpose of acquiring offsetting emissions
decreases is to allow an area to move towards attainment of the national ambient air quality
standards while still allowing some industrial growth.
In order for these emission reductions to be available in the future for offsetting, they must be: 1)
explicitly included and quantified as growth in projection year inventories required in rate of
progress plans or attainment demonstrations that were based on 1990 actual inventories, and 2)
2005 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

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Maricopa County, AZ

meet the requirements outlined in MCAQD Rule 240 (Permit Requirements for New Major
Sources and Major Modification to Existing Major Sources).
Table 2.5–1 provides a list of emission reduction credits for VOC, NOx, and CO. Two
previously operational facilities maintain emission reduction credits that are still valid for
inclusion in this report and the rate of progress plan.
Table 2.5–1. Emission reduction credits.
ID
1151
72

Facility
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. (formerly Motorola Mesa)
Woodstuff Manufacturing
Totals:

2.6

Quality assurance / quality control procedures

2.6.1

Emission survey preparation and data collection

Emission reduction credits (tons)
VOC
NOx
CO
17.1
9.8
14.3
80.1
–
–
97.2
9.8
14.3

The MCAQD's Emissions Inventory (EI) Unit annually collects point source criteria pollutant
emission data from sources in the county. MCAQD annually reviews EPA guidance, documents
from the Emission Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP), and other source materials to ensure
that the most current emission factors and emission calculation methods are used for each year's
survey. Each January, the EI Unit prepares a pre-populated hard copy of the preceding year’s
submissions and mails reporting forms to permitted sources, along with detailed instructions for
completing the forms. (A copy of these instructions is included as Appendix 2.1). The EI Unit
asks sources to verify and update the data. The EI Unit also holds monthly workshops from
January through April to assist businesses in completing EI forms.
The general data flow for data collection and inventory preparation is shown in Figure 2.6–1.

2.6.2

Submission processing

Submitted EI reports are logged in as they are received, and receipts are issued for emissions fees
paid. The data are input “as received” into the department's data base. During data entry,
numerous automated quality control (QC) checks are performed, including:
•

•

•
•
•

Pull-down menus to minimize data entry errors (e.g., city, pollutant, emission factor unit,
etc.)
Mandatory data field requirement checks (e.g., a warning screen appears if a user tries to
save an emission record with a missing emission factor).
Range checks (e.g., were valid SCC, Tier, SIC, and NAICS codes entered?)
Referential value checks (e.g., emission factor units, annual throughput units)
Automatic formatting of date, time, telephone number fields, etc.

2005 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

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Maricopa County, AZ

Figure 2.6–1. Data flow for point source emission inventories.

EI Reporting
Forms
•
•

Hard Copy Forms/
Instructions
Instruction on Web

EI Reporting
Forms

Log In EI
reports/ Issue
Receipts

Data Entry

EMS

Issue NOVs for
late submitters

•
•
•

Code/field check
Range checks
Referential value checks

Create
Inventory files

Automated QA checks

Technical QA/
QC

Using completed survey data

Finalized Inventory
Data
Reconciliation

Automated quality assurance (QA) checks on the report that has been entered include the
following:
•
•
•
•

Comparing reported emission factors to SCC reference lists
Comparing reported emission factors to material name reference list
Checking the report for calculation errors. This includes annual throughput, emission
factors, unit conversion factors (e.g., BTU to therms), capture efficiency, primary /
secondary control device efficiency, and any offsite recycling credits claimed.
Checking the report for completeness of required data.

When data entry is complete, an electronic version of the original data is preserved separately to
document changes made during the technical review and QA/QC process.
When errors are flagged, the businesses are contacted and correct information is obtained and
input to the EMS. Outstanding reporting issues are documented. Confidential business
information (CBI) is identified by a checkbox on the form, and these data elements are flagged
during data entry and are not transmitted to the EPA. To prepare the inventory for submittal to
2005 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

25

Maricopa County, AZ

the National Emissions Inventory (NEI), the EI Unit runs Microsoft Access queries on the data in
the EMS to pull fields for the NEI Input format (NIF) tables.

2.6.3

Analysis of annual point source emissions data for this inventory

Two environmental planners checked inventory accuracy and reasonableness, and assured that
all point sources had been identified and that the methodology applied to calculate emissions was
appropriate and that the calculations were correct. Other reasonableness checks were conducted
by recalculating emissions using methods other than those used to make the initial emissions
calculations and then comparing results. QA was conducted by checking all emissions reports
submitted to MCAQD for the year 2005 for missing and questionable data and by checking the
accuracy and reasonableness of all emissions calculations made for such reports. Notes
concerning follow-up calls and corrections to calculations were documented on each 2005 annual
emissions report.
The QA point source coordinator reviewed checked calculations, identified errors, and
performed completeness, reasonableness and accuracy checks.

2.7

References

MCAQD, 2007. 2005 Periodic Emission Inventory for PM-10 for the Maricopa County,
Arizona, Nonattainment Area. Maricopa County Air Quality Department, May 2007
US EPA, 1992. Guidelines for Estimating and Applying Rule Effectiveness for Ozone/CO State
Implementation Plan Base Year Inventories. US EPA Office of Air Quality Planning and
Standards, Research Triangle Park, NC. Rep. EPA-452/R-92-010, November 1992.
Available at: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/old/eidocs/ 454r92010_nov1992.pdf
US EPA, 2003. 2002 National Emission Inventory (NEI) Preparation Plan (draft). US EPA
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park, NC, Dec. 19, 2003.
Available at: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/ chief/net/2002inventory.html.
US EPA, 2005, Appendix B. Emissions Inventory Guidance for Implementation of Ozone and
Particulate Matter National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and Regional Haze
Regulations. US EPA Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park,
NC. Draft Rep. Revised Nov. 2005. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eidocs/eiguid/

2005 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

26

Maricopa County, AZ

3.
3.1

Area Sources
Scope and methodology

This chapter considers all stationary sources which are too small or too numerous to be treated as
point sources. US EPA guidance documents, including “Introduction to Area Source Inventory
Development” (US EPA, 2001c) as well as permit and emissions data in the MCAQD’s Environmental Management System (EMS) database, and previous SIP inventories, were evaluated to
develop the list of area source categories for inclusion. Some source categories were deemed
“insignificant” because there are no large production facilities and/or very few small sources, and
therefore emissions were not quantified. MCAQD prepared the area source emission estimates
for all area sources and provided quality assurance checks on all data. Table 3.1–1 contains a list
of all area source categories, with Source Classification Codes (SCCs), addressed in this chapter.
Table 3.1–1. List of area source categories.
AMS code
Area source description
Fuel combustion:
2102006000
Industrial natural gas
2102004000
Industrial fuel oil
2103006000
Commercial/institutional natural gas
2103004000
Commercial/institutional fuel oil
2104006000
Residential natural gas
2104008000
Residential wood
2104004000
Residential fuel oil

Section
3.2.1
3.2.2
3.2.3
3.2.4
3.2.5
3.2.6
3.2.7

2399000000

Industrial processes:
Chemical manufacturing
Commercial Cooking
Bakeries
Secondary metal production
Non-metallic mineral processes
Rubber/plastics manufacturing
Electrical equipment manufacturing
State-permitted portable sources
Industrial processes not elsewhere classified

3.3.1
3.3.2.1
3.3.2.2
3.3.3
3.3.4
3.3.5
3.3.6
3.3.7
3.3.8

2401001000
2401005000
2401008000
2401015000
2401020000
2401075000
2401090000
2415000000
2420000000
2425000000
2440000000
2461850000
2460000000
2461020000

Solvent use:
Architectural coatings
Auto refinishing
Traffic markings
Factory-finished wood
Wood furniture
Aircraft
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Degreasing
Dry cleaning
Graphic arts
Miscellaneous industrial solvent use
Agricultural pesticide application
Consumer and commercial solvent use
Asphalt application

3.4.1.1
3.4.1.2
3.4.1.3
3.4.1.4
3.4.1.5
3.4.1.6
3.4.1.7
3.4.2
3.4.3
3.4.4
3.4.5
3.4.6
3.4.7
3.4.8

2301000000
2302002000
2302050000
2304000000
2305000000
2308000000
2312000000

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

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Maricopa County, AZ

Table 3.1–1. List of area source categories (continued).
AMS code
Area source description
Storage and transport:
2501050120
Bulk plants/terminals
2510000000
Volatile organic liquid (VOL) storage and transport
2501060050
Petroleum tanker truck fuel delivery
2505030120
Petroleum tanker trucks in transit
2501060201
Service stations, breathing/emptying
2501060100
Vehicle refueling

Section
3.5.1
3.5.2
3.5.3
3.5.4
3.5.5
3.5.6

2601000000
2610000500
2620000000
2630000000
2660000000
2650000000

Waste treatment and disposal
On-site incineration
Open burning
Landfills
Publicly owned treatment works (POTWs)
Remediation of leaking underground storage tanks
Other industrial waste and disposal

3.6.1
3.6.2
3.6.3
3.6.4
3.6.5
3.6.6

2810001000
2810005000
2810030000
2810050000
2810040000
2850000000
2810060100
2830000000

Miscellaneous area sources:
Wildfires
Prescribed Fires
Structure fires
Vehicle fires
Engine testing
Hospitals
Crematories
Accidental releases

3.7.1.1
3.7.1.2
3.7.1.3
3.7.1.4
3.7.1.5
3.7.2.1
3.7.2.2
3.7.3

For nearly all categories, emissions were calculated in one of the following ways:
•
•

•
•

emissions estimates for some categories were developed by conducting surveys on local
usage (e.g., natural gas consumption, pesticide usage) or derived from state-wide data
(e.g., fuel oil use).
for some widespread or diverse categories (e.g., consumer solvent use), emissions were
calculated using published per-capita or per-employee emission factors.
for source categories with some information available from annual emissions reports
(e.g., bakeries), these data were combined with employment data to “scale up” reported
emissions to reflect the entire source category.
for those source categories with detailed emissions data available from most or all
significant sources in the category, emissions were calculated based on detailed process
and operational data provided by these sources.

The specific emissions estimation methodologies used for each source category (including any
application of rule effectiveness) are described in greater detail in the respective sections.

3.2

Fuel combustion

Area source emissions for the following seven categories of fuel consumption were calculated:
Industrial natural gas, industrial fuel oil, commercial/institutional natural gas, commercial
institutional fuel oil, residential natural gas, residential wood, and residential fuel oil. Data for
emissions calculations from natural gas combustion came from a survey of the four natural gas
2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

28

Maricopa County, AZ

suppliers in Maricopa County. The following table summarizes the natural gas sales data
received from Maricopa County natural gas suppliers.
Table 3.2–1. Natural gas sales data from Maricopa County natural gas suppliers.
Sales by end user category (in MMCF/yr)
Natural gas
Electric
Commercial/
supplier
Utilities
Industrial
Institutional
Residential
Transport*
Southwest Gas
n/a
2,459.27
13,968.02
15,364.45
5,151.97
City of Mesa
n/a
108.99
1,367.49
1,106.08
8.74
El Paso
148,506.64
185.58
n/a
n/a
n/a
* For emissions calculations, sales from these two categories were grouped with industrial sales.

Other*
836.01
114.58
n/a

Area source emissions for wood and fuel oil combustion were calculated from Arizona statelevel sales and consumption data as described in the following subsections. Area source
emissions from coal and liquid petroleum gas were not calculated as emissions from these
categories were determined to be insignificant.
3.2.1

Industrial natural gas

All natural gas suppliers in Maricopa County were surveyed to gather information on the volume
of natural gas distributed, by user category, within the county in 2005. Area source industrial
natural gas usage for the county is based on the reported total volume of natural gas sold to
industrial sources, minus natural gas used by industrial point sources:
Area source industrial
natural gas usage

= Reported industrial
natural gas sales

– Industrial point source
natural gas usage

= 9,480.60 MMCF

– 7,929.38 MMCF

= 1,551.23 MMCF

Natural gas is used for both external combustions (boilers, heaters) and internal combustion
(generators), each of which have different emission factors. Thus the area source natural gas
usage derived above must be apportioned between these two categories. This apportionment was
based on the percentages of external and internal natural gas combustion reported by all
industrial area sources in 2005, as shown below.
Annual emissions for the county are calculated by multiplying natural gas usage by the
respective AP-42 emission factors for external and internal combustion (US EPA, 1998), as in
this example for VOC emissions from external natural gas combustion:
Annual VOC emissions = External industrial natural × VOC emission factor for ÷ 2,000 lbs/ton
from external natural gas
gas usage (MMCF)
external natural gas comcombustion
bustion (lb/MMCF)
= 4,257.47

× 5.5

÷ 2,000

= 11.71 tons VOC/yr

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

29

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 3.2–2. Emission factors and annual emissions from area-source industrial natural gas combustion, by
combustion type.
Combustion
% of
Natural gas usage Emission factors (lb/MMCF) Annual emissions (tons/yr)
type
total
(MMCF)
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
External
98.44
4,257.47
5.5
100
84
11.71
212.87 178.81
Internal
1.56
67.29
116
2840
399
3.90
95.55
13.42
Totals:
100.00
4,324.16
15.61
308.43 192.24

Season-day emissions for the county are calculated by first multiplying annual emissions by the
percentage of industrial natural gas sold used during the ozone season. (Figures reported by
natural gas suppliers for the June–August time period are assumed to be representative for the
July–September ozone season.) Ozone season emission totals are then divided by the number of
days that activity occurs during the ozone season:
Ozone season-day
= Annual VOC
VOC emissions from emissions (tons/yr)
industrial natural gas
= 15.61

× % natural gas sold ÷ (days/week × wks/season) × 2,000 lbs/ton
during ozone season
× 20.73%

÷ (6 × 13)

× 2,000

= 83.0 lbs/day

Annual and season-day emissions within the ozone nonattainment area are calculated by
applying the ratio of industrial employment in the nonattainment area to county-level emission
calculations. (See section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the employment data used).
VOC emissions from area source
industrial natural gas combustion
in the ozone NAA

= Annual county VOC × NAA:County industrial employment ratio
emissions (tons/yr)
= 15.61

× 0.9903

= 15.46 tons VOC/yr
Table 3.2–3. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source industrial natural gas combustion.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Maricopa County
15.61
308.43
192.24
83.0
1,639.6
1,022.0
Ozone NAA
15.46
305.44
190.37
82.2
1,623.7
1,012.0

3.2.2

Industrial fuel oil

Area-source emissions from industrial fuel oil combustion are calculated by a multi-step process
which allocates Arizona state-level industrial fuel oil sales as reported by the U.S. Department of
Energy, Energy Information Administration (US DOE, 2006b) to Maricopa County.
To derive industrial fuel oil usage in Maricopa County, reported Arizona state-level sales of
high-sulfur diesel for 2005 are first subtracted from Arizona state-level total industrial fuel oil
sales, as it is presumed that no high-sulfur diesel fuel is used in Maricopa County due to local air
quality regulations and market conditions.

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

30

Maricopa County, AZ

State industrial fuel oil sales
other than high-sulfur diesel
(in thousand gallons, or Mgal)

= Reported state total
– Reported state high-sulfur diesel sales
industrial fuel oil sales
= 84,519 Mgal

– 431 Mgal

= 84,088 Mgal/yr

Arizona state industrial fuel oil sales (less high-sulfur diesel fuel) are then multiplied by the ratio
of industrial employment in Maricopa County to Arizona State (0.70), as determined by data
from the US Census Bureau (2006a) to estimate annual Maricopa County-level industrial fuel oil
sales, as follows:
Maricopa County
= Arizona state industrial fuel
× Maricopa County:State
industrial fuel oil sales
oil sales less high-sulfur diesel
industrial employment ratio
= 84,088 Mgal

× 0.70

= 58,466.39 Mgal/yr

To avoid double-counting, industrial fuel oil use attributable to stationary point sources
(addressed in Chapter 2) and nonroad mobile sources (addressed in Chapter 4) are subtracted
from County industrial fuel oil sales to estimate county fuel oil usage by area sources:
Maricopa County area = Maricopa County
– Fuel oil used by industrial – Fuel oil used by industrial
source fuel oil sales
industrial fuel oil sales
nonroad mobile equipment
stationary point sources
= 58,466.39 Mgal

– 9,928.15 Mgal

– 3,090.77 Mgal

= 45,447.461 Mgal/yr

Industrial fuel oil is used for both external combustions (boilers, heaters) and internal combustion (generators), each of which have different emission factors. Thus the area-source
industrial fuel oil sales derived above must be apportioned between these two categories. This
apportionment was based on the percentages of external and internal fuel oil combustion
reported by all industrial area sources surveyed in 2005 (shown in Table 3.2–4 below).
County-level annual emissions from this area source category were calculated by multiplying
industrial fuel oil sales by the respective AP-42 emission factors for external and internal
combustion, as in this example for VOC emissions from external industrial fuel oil combustion:
Annual VOC emissions = External industrial fuel
from external industrial
oil sales (Mgal)
fuel oil combustion
= 35,453.565

× VOC emission factor for external ÷
fuel oil combustion (lb/Mgal)

2,000 lb/ton

× 0.2

2,000

÷

= 3.55 tons VOC/yr

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

31

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 3.2–4. Emission factors and annual emissions from area-source industrial fuel oil combustion by
combustion type.
Combustion
% of
Annual fuel oil Emission factors (lb/MMCF) Annual emissions (tons/yr)
type
total
sales (Mgals)
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
External
78.01
35,453.565
0.2
24
5
3.55
425.44
88.63
Internal
21.99
9,993.897
49.3
604
130
246.35 3,018.16
649.60
Totals:
100.00
45,447.461
249.89 3,443.60
738.24

Season-day emissions for the county are calculated by first multiplying annual emissions by 25%
to estimate ozone season totals. Ozone season emission totals are then divided by the number of
days that activity occurs during the ozone season as recommended by EIIP guidance (US EPA,
2001c).
Ozone season-day
= Annual VOC
VOC emissions from emissions (tons/yr)
industrial fuel oil
= 249.89

× % fuel oil sold
÷ (days/week × wks/season) × 2,000 lbs/ton
during ozone season
× 25.49%

÷ (6 × 13)

× 2,000

= 1,633.1 lbs/day

Annual and season-day emissions within the ozone nonattainment area are calculated by
applying the ratio of industrial employment in the nonattainment area to county-level emission
calculations. (See section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the employment data used).
Ozone NAA emissions from area
source industrial fuel oil combustion

= Annual county VOC
emissions (tons/yr)

× NAA:County industrial employment ratio

= 249.89

× 0.9903

= 247.47 tons VOC/yr
Table 3.2–5. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source industrial fuel oil combustion.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Maricopa County
249.89
3,443.60
738.24
1,633.1
22,505.1
4,824.6
Ozone NAA
247.47
3,410.20
731.08
1,617.3
22,286.8
4,777.8

3.2.3

Commercial/institutional natural gas

All natural gas suppliers in Maricopa County were surveyed to gather information on the volume
of natural gas distributed, by user category, within the county in 2005. Area-source commercial
and institutional (C&I) natural gas usage for the county is based on the reported total volume of
natural gas sold to C&I sources, minus natural gas used by C&I point sources:
County area-source C&I = Reported C&I natural gas sales – C&I point source natural gas usage
natural gas usage
= 16,286.09 MMCF
– 538.85 MMCF
= 15,747.24 MMCF

Natural gas is used for both external combustion (boilers, heaters) and internal combustion
(generators), each of which have different emission factors. Thus the area-source natural gas
2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

32

Maricopa County, AZ

usage derived above must be apportioned between these two categories. This apportionment was
based on the percentages of external and internal natural gas combustion reported by all C&I
area sources in 2005.
Annual emissions for the county are calculated by multiplying natural gas usage by the
respective AP-42 emission factors for external and internal combustion (US EPA, 1998), as in
this example for VOC emissions from external natural gas combustion:
Annual VOC emissions = External C&I natural
from external natural gas
gas usage (MMCF)
combustion
= 15,747.24

× VOC emission factor for ÷ 2,000 lb/ton
external natural gas combustion (lb/MMCF)
× 5.5

÷ 2,000

= 42.58 tons VOC/yr
Table 3.2–6. Emission factors and annual emissions from area-source commercial/institutional natural gas
combustion by combustion type.
Combustion
% of
C&I natural gas Emission factors (lb/MMCF) Annual emissions (tons/yr)
type
total
usage (MMCF)
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
External
98.34
15,485.18
5.5
100
84
42.58
774.26 650.38
Internal
1.66
262.06
116
2840
399
15.20
372.13
52.28
Totals:
100.00
15,747.24
57.78 1,146.39 702.66

Season-day emissions for the county are calculated by first multiplying annual emissions by the
percentage of C&I natural gas sold used during the ozone season. (Figures reported by natural
gas suppliers for the June–August time period are assumed to be representative for the July–
September ozone season.) Ozone season emission totals are then divided by the number of days
that activity occurs during the ozone season:
Ozone season-day
= Annual VOC
× % natural gas sold
÷ (days/week × wks/season) × 2,000 lbs/ton
VOC emissions from emissions (tons/yr)
during ozone season
C&I natural gas
= 57.78
× 19.82%
÷ (6 × 13)
× 2,000
= 293.7 lbs/day

Annual and season-day emissions within the ozone nonattainment area are calculated by
applying the combined ratio of retail, office, public and other employment in the nonattainment
area to county-level emission calculations. (See section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the employment
data used).
VOC emissions from area source
C&I natural gas combustion
in the ozone NAA

= Annual county VOC × NAA:County C&I employment ratio
emissions (tons/yr)
= 57.78

× 0.9985

= 57.70 tons VOC/yr

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

33

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 3.2–7. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source commercial/institutional natural gas
combustion.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Maricopa County
57.78
1,146.39
702.66
293.7
5,826.5
3,571.2
Ozone NAA
57.70
1,144.67
701.60
293.2
5,817.7
3,565.9

3.2.4

Commercial/institutional fuel oil

Area-source emissions from commercial and institutional (C&I) fuel oil combustion are calculated by a multi-step process of allocating Arizona state-level C&I fuel oil sales as reported by
the U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration (US DOE, 2006a) to
Maricopa County.
To derive commercial/institutional fuel oil usage in Maricopa County, reported Arizona statelevel sales of high-sulfur diesel for 2005 are first subtracted from Arizona state-level total C&I
fuel oil sales, as it is presumed that no high-sulfur diesel fuel is used in Maricopa County due to
local clean air act requirements and market conditions.
State C&I fuel oil sales
other than high-sulfur diesel
(in thousand gallons, or Mgal)

= Reported state total
C&I fuel oil sales

– Reported state high-sulfur diesel sales

= 20,645 Mgal

– 0 Mgal

= 20,645 Mgal/yr

Arizona state commercial/institutional fuel oil sales (less high-sulfur diesel fuel) are then
multiplied by the ratio of C&I employment in Maricopa County to Arizona state (0.80), as
determined by data from the US Census Bureau (2006a) to estimate annual Maricopa Countylevel commercial/institutional fuel oil sales, as follows:
Maricopa County
C&I fuel oil sales

= Arizona state C&I fuel
× Maricopa County:state commercial/
oil sales less high-sulfur diesel
institutional employment ratio
= 20,645 Mgal

× 0.80

= 16,532.52 Mgal/yr

To avoid double-counting, C&I fuel oil use attributable to stationary point sources (addressed in
Chapter 2) and nonroad mobile sources (addressed in Chapter 4) are subtracted from County
C&I fuel oil sales to estimate county fuel oil usage used by area sources:
Annual Maricopa County
commercial/institutional
area-source fuel oil sales

= Maricopa County
C&I fuel oil sales

– Fuel oil used by C&I
– Fuel oil used by C&I
nonroad mobile equipment
stationary point sources

= 16,532.52 Mgal

– 6,092.013 Mgal

– 140.591 Mgal

= 10,299.912 Mgal/yr

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

34

Maricopa County, AZ

Fuel oil is used for both external combustions (boilers, heaters) and internal combustion (generators), each of which have different emission factors. Thus the area-source C&I fuel oil sales
derived above must be apportioned between these two categories. This apportionment was based
on the percentages of external and internal fuel oil combustion reported by all commercial and
institutional area sources surveyed in 2005 (shown in Table 3.2–8 below).
Annual emissions for the county are calculated by multiplying C&I fuel oil sales by the
respective AP-42 emission factors for external and internal combustion, as in this example for
VOC emissions from external fuel oil combustion:
Annual VOC emissions = External C&I fuel oil × VOC emission factor for external
from external fuel oil
usage (Mgal)
fuel oil combustion (lb/Mgal)
=

6,895.791

× 0.34

=

1.17 tons VOC/yr

÷ 2,000 lb/ton

÷ 2,000

Table 3.2–8. Emission factors and annual emissions from area-source commercial/institutional fuel oil
combustion, by combustion type.
Combustion
% of
Annual fuel oil
Emission factors (lb/MMCF) Annual emissions (tons/yr)
type
total
sales (Mgal)
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
External
66.95
6,895.791
0.34
24
5
1.17
82.75
17.24
Internal
33.05
3,404.121
49.3
604
130
83.91 1,028.04 221.27
Totals:
100.00
10,299.912
85.08 1,110.79 238.51

Season-day emissions for the county are calculated by first multiplying annual emissions by 15%
to estimate ozone season totals. Ozone season emission totals are then divided by the number of
days that activity occurs during the ozone season, as recommended by EIIP guidance (US EPA,
2001c):
Ozone season-day
= Annual VOC
VOC emissions from emissions (tons/yr)
C&I fuel oil
= 85.08

× % fuel oil sold
÷ (days/week × wks/season) × 2,000 lbs/ton
during ozone season
× 25.59%

÷ (6 × 13)

× 2,000

= 558.3 lbs/day

Annual and season-day emissions within the ozone nonattainment area are calculated by
applying the combined ratio of retail, office, public and other employment in the nonattainment
area to county-level emission calculations. (See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the
employment data used).
Ozone NAA emissions from area
source C&I fuel oil combustion

= Annual county VOC
emissions (tons/yr)

× NAA:County commercial/institutional
employment ratio

= 85.08

× 0.9985

= 84.96 tons VOC/yr

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

35

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 3.2–9. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source commercial/institutional fuel oil
combustion.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Maricopa County
85.08
1,110.79
238.51
558.3
7,288.2
1,564.9
Ozone NAA
84.96
1,109.13
238.15
557.4
7,277.2
1,562.6

3.2.5

Residential natural gas

All natural gas suppliers in Maricopa County were surveyed to gather information on the volume
of natural gas sold, by user category, within the county. Annual emissions from residential
natural gas combustion emissions were calculated by multiplying residential natural gas sales by
emission factors for residential natural gas combustion summarized in the table below (US EPA,
1998), as follows:
Table 3.2–10. Residential natural gas combustion emission factors (in lb/MMCF).
CO
VOC
NOx
5.5
94
40
Annual VOC emissions = Residential natural
from residential natural
gas annual sales
gas combustion
(MMCF)
= 16,470.54

× Residential natural gas ÷ 2,000 lbs/ton
emission factor for VOC
(lbs/MMCF)
× 5.5

÷ 2,000

= 45.29 tons VOC/yr

Ozone season-day emissions are calculated by first multiplying reported natural gas usage during
the ozone season (2,437.40 MMCF) by the AP-42 emission factors for residential natural gas
combustion to produce ozone season emissions. (Natural gas usage reported for the months of
June–August are assumed to represent ozone season usage). Ozone season emissions are then
divided by days during the ozone season that residential natural gas combustion occurs (US
EPA, 2001c).
Season-day VOC emis- = Residential natural
sions from residential
gas seasonal sales
natural gas combustion
(MMCF)
= 2,437.40

× Residential natural gas ÷ (days/week × weeks/season)
emission factor for VOC
(lbs/MMCF)
× 5.5

÷ (7 × 13)

= 147.3 lbs VOC/day

Annual and season-day residential natural gas emissions in the ozone nonattainment area are
calculated by multiplying county-level emissions by the percentage of total resident population
in the ozone nonattainment area as follows:
Annual emissions from
residential natural gas
combustion in the NAA

= County annual emissions × Percentage of resident population in the NAA

= 45.29 tons/yr

× 100.52%

= 45.53 tons VOC/yr
2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

36

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 3.2–11. Annual and season-day emissions from residential natural gas combustion.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Geographic area
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Maricopa County
45.29
774.12
329.41
147.3
2,517.8
1,071.4
Ozone NAA
45.53
778.14
331.12
148.1
2,530.8
1,077.0

3.2.6

Residential wood combustion

Area-source emissions from residential wood combustion are calculated based on the amount of
wood burned in fireplaces and woodstoves in Maricopa County, as recommended by EIIP
guidance (US EPA, 2001f). Residential wood combustion in the county is estimated by multiplying data on statewide residential wood combustion usage from the US Department of Energy
(2006c) by the ratio of county to state households that report use of wood for heating from the
US Census Bureau (2006b). The latest available data on residential wood use for household
heating from the US Department of Energy is for the calendar year 2003. Since all fireplaces in
homes constructed since 1999 are required by Arizona statute to be clean-burning, it is assumed
that these new homes have negligible emissions. Thus, year 2003 data is assumed to be
representative of 2005 emissions.
Maricopa County residential = Arizona residential
× Ratio of county:state households
wood usage (cords/yr)
wood usage (cords/yr)
using wood for heat
= 304,000

× 1,449 / 41,213

= 10,701 cords/yr

To calculate emissions, the amount of wood used is converted to tons by multiplying cords by
the number of cubic feet of wood in a cord and by the density of the wood used (US EPA,
2001f). Wood density is determined by weighted average of types of wood used for residential
combustion in Maricopa County, provided by the US Forest Service (USFS, 1993).
County residential
= County wood × avg. ft3 wood/cord × Wood density (lbs/ ft3) ÷ 2,000 lbs/ton
wood usage (tons/yr)
usage (cords)
= 10,701

× 79

× 31.57

÷ 2,000

= 13,344.06 tons

Annual emissions from residential wood combustion are calculated by multiplying the tons of
wood used by the emission factor for residential total woodstoves and fireplaces from EIIP
Volume III, Chapter 2, Table 2.4-1 (US EPA, 2001f):
Annual VOC emissions from resi- = Residential
× VOC emission factor ÷ 2,000 lbs/ton
dential wood combustion (tons/yr)
wood usage (tons)
(lbs/ton)
= 13,344.06

× 229.0

÷ 2,000

= 1.527.89 tons VOC/yr

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

37

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 3.2–12. Annual wood usage, emission factors, and annual emissions from residential wood combustion.
Residential wood
Emission factors (lb/ton)
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
usage (tons)
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
13,344.06
229.0
2.6
252.6
1,527.89
17.35 1,685.35

Season-day emissions are calculated by apportioning wood burning activity based on heating
degree days (i.e., the number of degrees per day that the daily average temperature is below
65°F). Data provided by Arizona Department of Commerce (ADOC, 2006) indicated that there
was no heating degree days reported during the 2005 ozone season (July–September). Thus
ozone season-day emissions from residential wood combustion are assumed to be zero.
Annual and season-day emissions within the ozone nonattainment area are calculated by
multiplying county totals by the percentage of residential population in the nonattainment area.
See Section 1.5.1 for a further discussion of the population data used.
NAA annual emissions = County annual emissions
from residential wood
(tons/yr)
combustion (tons/yr)
= 1,527.89

× Percentage of resident population in the NAA

× 100.52%

= 1,535.84 tons VOC/yr

Table 3.2–13 summarizes and annual and ozone season-day emissions from residential wood
combustion for both the county and the ozone nonattainment area.
Table 3.2–13. Annual and season-day emissions from residential wood combustion.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Maricopa County 1,527.89
17.35 1,685.35
0.0
0.0
0.0
Ozone NAA
1,535.84
17.44 1,694.12
0.0
0.0
0.0

3.2.7

Residential fuel oil

Emissions from residential fuel oil use were calculated using an approach similar to that used for
residential wood combustion described in Section 3.2.6. County-level residential fuel oil use
was derived from statewide totals using the ratio of county to state households that report fuel oil
use from the US Census Bureau (2006b):
Maricopa County residential = Arizona residential × Ratio of county:state households
fuel oil usage (Mgal/yr)
fuel oil use (Mgal/yr)
reporting fuel oil use
= 340

× 490 / 1,813

= 91.89 Mgal/yr

Using an AP-42 emission factors, and data on heating degree days and residential housing units
described in Section 3.2.6. Annual and daily emissions are shown in Table 3.2–14.

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

38

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 3.2–14. Emission factors, annual and season-day emissions from residential fuel oil combustion.
Emission factors
Annual emission
Season-day emissions
(lb/Mgal)
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Geographic area
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Maricopa County
0.713
18.0
5.0
0.03
0.66
0.18
0.0
0.0
0.0
Ozone NAA
0.713
18.0
5.0
0.03
0.66
0.18
0.0
0.0
0.0

3.3

Industrial processes

3.3.1

Chemical manufacturing

Emissions from area-source chemical manufacturing were calculated by the “scaling up” method
as described in EPA emission inventory guidance (US EPA, 2001c). This method combines
detailed emissions data from a subset of sources, and county-level employment data from the US
Census Bureau (2006a) to develop a per-employee emission factor that is then used to estimate
emissions from all sources in an industry category.
The most recent data from the US Census Bureau’s County Business Patterns (CBP) for 2004
employment were used. Where CBP employment estimates were presented as a range, the
midpoint values was chosen for these calculations. Table 3.3-1 shows the NAICS codes and
employment data used to calculate emissions from chemical manufacturing.
Table 3.3–1.
NAICS
Code
32532
32552
32591
324122
325188
325412
325510
325611
325991
325998
424690
Total:

NAICS codes and descriptions for chemical manufacturing.
Description
Pesticide & Other Agricultural Chemical mfg.
Adhesive mfg.
Printing Ink mfg.
Asphalt Shingle & Coating Materials mfg.
All Other Basic Inorganic Chemical mfg.
Pharmaceutical Preparation mfg.
Paint & Coating mfg.
Soap & Other Detergent mfg.
Custom Compounding of Purchased Resins
All Other Miscellaneous Chemical Product & Preparation mfg.
Other Chemical & Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers

US Census
employment data
0–19
100–249
250–499
20–99
100–249
500–999
20–99
20–99
100–249
20–99
968

Value
used
10
175
375
60
175
750
60
60
175
60
968
2,868

Since there were no point sources in this category, area-source employment estimate is used to
“scale up” emissions reported from those facilities surveyed in 2005 as follows:
Area-source VOC = Emissions from surveyed area sources × Total area-source employment
emissions from
Employment at surveyed area sources
chemical mfg.
=
19.96 tons of VOC/yr
× 2,868 employees
1,280 employees
= 44.71 tons VOC/yr

Ozone season-day emissions are calculated based on the operating schedule data reported by
chemical manufacturing facilities. From annual emission surveys, the modal values were

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

39

Maricopa County, AZ

identified for two items: days/week and seasonal activity as a percentage of annual activity. This
data was used to calculate season-day emissions as follows:
Season-day VOC
emissions from
chemical mfg.

=

Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Days/week × Weeks/year

×

2,000 lbs
ton

=

44.71
5 × 52

×

2,000

=

343.9 lbs VOC/day

Annual and season-day emissions for the ozone nonattainment area were calculated by multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals by the percentage industrial employment within the
nonattainment area. (See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the employment data used.)
VOC emissions from
= Annual Maricopa County
area-source chemical mfg.
emissions
in the VOC NAA (tons/yr)
= 44.71 tons/yr

× NAA:county ratio of
industrial employment
× 0.9903

= 44.28 tons VOC/yr

Table 3.3–2 summarizes annual and season-day emissions from chemical manufacturing in both
Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area.
Table 3.3–2. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source chemical manufacturing.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Geographic area
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Maricopa County
44.71
0.39
0.03
343.9
3.0
0.2
Ozone NAA
44.28
0.38
0.03
340.6
2.9
0.2

3.3.2

Food and kindred products

3.3.2.1 Commercial cooking
Emissions from commercial cooking were estimated for five source categories based on
equipment type. These equipment types include: chain-driven (conveyorized) charbroilers (SCC
2302002100), under-fired charbroilers (2302002200), flat griddles (2302003100), clamshell
griddles (2302003200), and deep-fat fryers (2302003000). Emission inventory methods outlined
in EPA guidance (US EPA, 2006) for these source categories include emissions from all meat
types (hamburger, steak, fish, pork, and chicken) and five restaurant types (ethnic, fast food,
family, seafood, and steak & barbeque).
Data obtained from Maricopa County Environmental Services Department (MCESD) eating and
drinking establishments permit database indicated that 10,238 restaurants operated in Maricopa
County in 2005. The percent of restaurants in Maricopa County for the five restaurant types was
obtained from a commercial business database (Harris InfoSource, 2003). The percent of
restaurants for each restaurant type was multiplied by the total number of restaurants operated in
Maricopa County in 2005 to derive the number of restaurants for each restaurant type as shown
in Table 3.3–3.
2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

40

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 3.3–3. Maricopa County restaurants by type.
Restaurant category
Ethnic food
Fast food
Family
Seafood
Steak & barbecue
Unrelated restaurant types e.g., lunchroom, bars,…
All restaurants

Percentage
14.47
15.35
3.64
0.61
1.15
64.79
100.00

# of restaurants
1,481
1,571
372
62
118
6,633
10,238

Using the number of restaurants for each restaurant type, along with the default emission factors
and equations from EPA (2006), emissions for each combination of equipment type, restaurant
type, and meat type were calculated, and the results were summed to estimate annual emissions
for each type of cooking equipment, as shown in Table 3.3–4.
Commercial cooking is assumed to occur uniformly throughout the year, therefore, it was
assumed that 25% of annual activity occurs during the ozone season, and that activity occurs 7
days/week. Annual and season-day emissions for the ozone nonattainment area were calculated
by multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals by the percentage population within the
nonattainment area (101.10%). (See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the population data used.)
Table 3.3–4 summarizes the annual and season-day emissions from commercial cooking.
Table 3.3–4. Annual and season-day emissions from commercial cooking equipment.
Maricopa County
Ozone nonattainment area
Season-day
Season-day
emissions
emissions
Annual emissions
Annual emissions
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Equipment type
VOC
CO
VOC
CO
VOC
CO
VOC
CO
Chain-driven charbroilers
38.94 130.04
214.0
714.5
39.37 131.47
210.0
701.2
Underfired charbroilers
128.53 420.46
706.2 2,310.2 129.95 425.08
693.0 2,267.0
Deep fat fryers
20.08
0.00
110.3
0.0
20.30
0.00
108.3
0.0
Flat griddles
16.92
34.93
92.9
191.9
17.10
35.31
91.2
188.3
Clamshell griddles
0.68
0.00
3.7
0.0
0.68
0.00
3.6
0.0
Totals:
205.15 585.43 1,127.2 3,216.7 207.40 591.87 1,139.6 3,252.0

3.3.2.2 Bakeries
Emissions from area-source bakeries were calculated by the “scaling up” method as described in
EPA emission inventory guidance (US EPA, 2001c). This method combines detailed emissions
data from a subset of sources, and County-level employment data from the US Census Bureau
(2006a) to develop a per-employee emission factor that is then used to estimate emissions from
all sources in an industry category.
The most recent data from the Census’ County Business Patterns (CBP), for 2004 employment,
were used. CBP employment data for NAICS code 31181 (bread and bakery product manufacturing) indicated 1,607 employees in this industry in Maricopa County. Some facilities in this
category are considered point sources, and have been addressed in Chapter 2. To avoid doublecounting, employment at point sources is subtracted from total employment as follows:

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

41

Maricopa County, AZ

Total area-source
employment in
bakeries.

= Total employment (from US
– Employment at point sources
Census’ County Business Patterns)
(from annual emission reports)
= 1,607

– 236

= 1,371 employees

This area-source employment estimate is used to “scale up” emissions reported from those
facilities surveyed in 2005 as follows:
Total area-source = Emissions from surveyed area sources × Total area-source employment
emissions
Employment at surveyed area sources
Area-source VOC =
emissions from
bakeries
=

× 1,371 employees

37.52 tons/yr
590
87.20 tons VOC/yr

Ozone season-day emissions are calculated based on the operating schedule data reported by
bakeries. From annual emission surveys, the modal values were identified for two items:
days/week and seasonal activity as a percentage of annual activity. This data was used to
calculate season-day emissions as follows:
Season-day VOC
emissions from
bakeries

= Annual emissions (tons/yr) × season %
Days/week × Weeks/season

× 2,000 lbs
ton

=

× 2,000

=

87.20 × 25%
5 × 13
670.7 lbs VOC/day

Annual and season-day emissions for the ozone nonattainment area were calculated by multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals by the percentage industrial employment within the
nonattainment area. Results are summarized in Table 3.3–5. (See section 1.5.1 for a discussion
of the employment data used.)
VOC emissions from
= Annual Maricopa County
area-source bakeries
emissions
in the ozone NAA (tons/yr)
= 87.20 tons/yr

× NAA:County ratio of
industrial employment
× 99.03%

= 86.35 tons VOC/yr

Table 3.3–5. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source bakeries.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
87.20
670.7
Ozone NAA
86.35
664.2

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

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Maricopa County, AZ

3.3.3

Secondary metal production

Annual emissions from secondary metal production facilities were derived from annual emission
reports from permitted sources. As this category consists primarily of foundries, it was assumed
that there were no significant unpermitted sources within Maricopa County. Ozone season-day
emissions were calculated based on operating schedule information provided in the facilities’
annual emission reports. Since all facilities considered in this section are located within the
ozone nonattainment area, total emission values for the county and the ozone NAA from
secondary metal production are equal.
Table 3.3–6. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source secondary metal production.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Geographic area
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Maricopa County
37.36
4.53
12.21
208.0
24.0
64.4
Ozone NAA
37.36
4.53
12.21
208.0
24.0
64.4

3.3.4

Non-metallic mineral processes

The primary contributors to this source category include concrete batch plants, ceramic clay and
tile manufacturing, brick manufacturing, and gypsum mining. Emissions from this source were
derived from annual emission reports from permitted facilities. Since all permitted facilities in
this category were surveyed in 2005, it was assumed that there were no significant unpermitted
sources within Maricopa County. Note that larger operations are treated as point sources, and
addressed in Chapter 2. Some portable concrete batch operations which operate within Maricopa
County for only part of the year are issued air quality permits by the Arizona Department of
Environmental Quality (ADEQ). All state-permitted portable sources are addressed in Section
3.3.7.
Season-day emissions are calculated based on the operating schedule data reported by surveyed
facilities. Annual and season-day emissions for the ozone nonattainment area were derived
based on the location data of the individual facilities. County permitted portable sources with no
location data were assumed to operate within the ozone nonattainment area as a conservative
estimate.
Table 3.3–7 summarizes annual and season-day emissions from non-metallic mineral processes
in both Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area.
Table 3.3–7. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source non-metallic mineral products.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
0.11
0.6
Ozone NAA
0.11
0.6

3.3.5

Rubber/plastics

Emissions from area-source rubber and plastic manufacturing facilities were calculated by the
“scaling up” method as described in EPA emission inventory guidance (US EPA, 2001c). This
method combines detailed emissions data from a subset of sources, and County-level employ-

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

43

Maricopa County, AZ

ment data from the US Census Bureau (2006a) to develop a per-employee emission factor that is
then used to estimate emissions from all sources in an industry category.
The most recent data from the US Census’ County Business Patterns (CBP) for 2004 employment were used. Where CBP employment estimates were presented as a range, the midpoint
values was chosen for these calculations. Table 3.3–8 lists the NAICS codes and employment
data used to calculate emissions from rubber and plastic manufacturing facilities.
Some facilities in this category are considered point sources, and have been addressed in Chapter
2. To avoid double-counting, employment at point sources is subtracted from total employment
as follows:
Total area-source employment in = Total employment (from US
– Employment at point sources
rubber & plastic manufacturing
Census’ County Business Patterns)
(from annual emission reports)
= 8,720

– 2,536

= 6,184 employees
Table 3.3–8. NAICS codes and employment data for rubber and plastic manufacturing facilities.
NAICS
US Census
Value
Code
Description
employment data
used
322130 Paperboard Mills
0–19
10
323116 Manifold Business Forms Printing
375
325991 Custom Compounding of Purchased Resins
100–249
175
326122 Plastics Pipe & Pipe Fitting Mfg.
250–499
375
32613 Laminated Plastics Plate, Sheet (except Packaging), & Shape Mfg.
0–19
10
32614 Polystyrene Foam Product Mfg.
316
326160 Plastics Bottle Mfg.
161
32619 Other Plastics Product Mfg.
4,117
326212 Tire Retreading
20–99
60
32622 Rubber & Plastics Hoses & Belting Mfg.
20–99
60
326299 All Other Rubber Product Mfg.
100–249
175
327991 Cut Stone & Stone Product Mfg.
411
333415 HVAC Equipment Mfg.
500–999
750
336612 Boat Building
0–19
10
33992 Sporting & Athletic Goods Mfg.
1,212
423930 Recyclable Material Merchant Wholesalers
503
Total:
8,720

This area-source employment estimate is used to “scale up” emissions reported from those
facilities surveyed in 2005 as follows:
Total area-source = Emissions from surveyed area sources × Total area-source employment
emissions
Employment at surveyed area sources
Area-source VOC emissions
from rubber & plastic mfg.

× 6,184 employees

=123.23 tons of VOC/yr
1,119 employees
= 681.03 tons VOC/yr

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

44

Maricopa County, AZ

Ozone season-day emissions are calculated based on the operating schedule data reported by
rubber and plastic manufacturing facilities. From annual emission surveys, the modal values
were identified for two items: days/week and seasonal activity as a percentage of annual activity.
This data was used to calculate season-day emissions as follows:
Season-day VOC
emissions from
rubber & plastic
manufacturing

= Annual emissions (tons/yr) × season %
Days/week × Weeks/season

× 2,000 lbs
ton

=

× 2,000

=

681.03 × 25%
5 × 13
5,238.7 lbs VOC/day

Annual and season-day emissions for the ozone nonattainment area were calculated by multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals by the percentage industrial employment within the
nonattainment area. (See section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the employment data used.)
VOC emissions from
rubber & plastic
mfg. in the ozone NAA
(tons/yr)

= Annual Maricopa County
emissions

× NAA:County ratio of
industrial employment

= 681.03 tons/yr

× 99.03%

= 674.42 tons VOC/yr

Table 3.3–9 summarizes annual and season-day emissions from chemical manufacturing in both
Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area.
Table 3.3–9. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from rubber and plastic manufacturing facilities.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
681.03
5,238.7
Ozone NAA
674.42
5,187.8

3.3.6

Electric equipment manufacturing

Emissions from electric equipment manufacturing were derived from annual emission reports
submitted by permitted sources. It was assumed that there were no significant unpermitted
sources within Maricopa County. Note that larger operations are treated as point sources, and
addressed in Chapter 2.
Annual and season-day emissions were calculated based on reported activity data (days per
week) for each individual process, and then summed. Nearly all processes reported operating on
either a 5- or 6-day week. As all facilities addressed in this source category are located within
the ozone nonattainment area, emission totals for both areas are equal. Annual and season-day
emissions are shown in Table 3.3–10.
Table 3.3–10. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source electric equipment manufacturing.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Geographic area
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Maricopa County
87.00
0.01
0.17
478.0
0.1
0.9
Ozone NAA
87.00
0.01
0.17
478.0
0.1
0.9
2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

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Maricopa County, AZ

3.3.7

State-permitted portable sources

The Arizona Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ) retains the authority to permit
certain categories of sources within Maricopa County, including portable sources. MCAQD
requested information from ADEQ for all ADEQ-permitted sources that reported any activity in
Maricopa County during 2005. Only annual total emissions for most pollutants were provided,
along with information on the facility type, and information on the location of the site(s) during
the year. Permits were classified into four major types: asphalt batch, concrete batch, crushing/
screening, and other (including soil remediation, generators, etc.).
Table 3.3–11 summarizes the annual and typical daily emissions for all ADEQ-permitted
portable sources that operated within Maricopa County at some point during 2005. Since no
precise location data was not available for all permits, all emissions are conservatively assumed
to have originated within the ozone nonattainment area, therefore emissions in Maricopa County
and the ozone nonattainment area are equal.
Table 3.3–11. Annual and season-day emissions from ADEQ-permitted portable sources.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Geographic area
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Maricopa County
55.66
554.60
176.52
647.4
5,377.5
1,357.8
Ozone NAA
55.66
554.60
176.52
647.4
5,377.5
1,357.8

3.3.8

Industrial processes, not elsewhere classified

Annual area-source emissions from other industrial processes NEC were derived from annual
emissions reports from permitted facilities. Other industrial processes include a wide array of
industrial activities that are often specific to the permitted facility that reported the process. For
this reason, it is assumed there are no significant emissions from other industrial processes, other
than those reported by permitted facilities on their annual emissions reports. Ozone season-day
emissions are calculated based on operating schedule information provided by the facilities in
their annual emissions report.
Annual and season-day emissions for the ozone nonattainment area are based upon location of
the annual emissions reports. Results are summarized in Table 3.3–12.
Table 3.3–12. Annual and season-day emissions from other industrial processes NEC.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Geographic area
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Maricopa County
22.96
4.58
3.96
151.0
26.5
25.7
Ozone NAA
22.96
4.53
3.95
151.0
26.3
25.6

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

46

Maricopa County, AZ

3.4

Solvent use

3.4.1

Surface coating

3.4.1.1 Architectural coatings
The alternative calculation method outlined in EIIP guidance (US EPA, 1995a) was used to
calculate VOC emissions from architectural surface coating. First, a national average usage
factor (expressed in gals/person-year) was derived by dividing the 2005 national architectural
coating usage from the US Census Bureau (2006c) by the United States population in 2004 (US
Census Bureau, 2008).
National per-capita = National architectural
÷ 2004 US population
usage (gal/person)
coating paint usage (gals)
= 807,395,000

÷ 293,638,158

= 2.74963 gals/person

Multiplying the national per capita usage by the maximum allowable emission limit for coatings
in Maricopa County (Rule 335) results in an annual per-capita value of VOC emissions for
architectural coating for Maricopa County.
VOC emissions
(lb/person-yr)

= National per
×
capita usage
2.74963 (gal/person-yr)

Maricopa County emission limit
for architectural coating (Rule 335)
2.1 (lb/gal)

=

2.1

2.92085

×

= 5.77421 lb/person/yr

Annual VOC emissions for architectural coating for both Maricopa County and the ozone
nonattainment area were then calculated by multiplying the county per-capita emission factor by
the population in the area (See Section 1 for a discussion of the population data used).
To calculate season-day emissions, default assumptions from EIIP (US EPA, 1995a) were used.
Table 3.4–1 presents the annual and season-day VOC emissions from architectural coatings for
Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area.
Table 3.4–1. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from architectural coating.
Annual
% annual
Activity
emissions
activity in
level
Geographic area
Population
(tons/yr)
ozone season (days/wk)
Maricopa County
3,780,380
10,914.36
33 %
7
Ozone NAA
3,821,974
11,034.45
33 %
7

Season-day
emissions
(lbs/day)
79,159.1
80,030.1

3.4.1.2 Auto refinishing
VOC emissions from automobile refinishing for both Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area were calculated using an emission factor of 1.9 lbs VOC/person-yr (US EPA,
1991). To avoid double counting, VOC emissions from facilities treated as point sources were

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

47

Maricopa County, AZ

then subtracted out from this total, as shown below. Season-day emissions were calculated
assuming that activity occurs evenly throughout the year, 5 days/wk (US EPA, 2001c).
Annual VOC emissions = Population × EPA emission
÷ 2,000
– Annual emissions from
from automobile
2004
factor (lbs/person)
(lbs/ton)
point sources (tons/yr)1
refinishing (tons/yr)
= 3,780,380 × 1.9
÷ 2,000
– 10.5
= 3,580.86 tons VOC/yr
Table 3.4–2. Annual and season-day emissions from automobile refinishing.
Annual
% annual
Activity
emissions
activity in
level
Geographic area
Population
(tons/yr)
ozone season (days/wk)
Maricopa County
3,780,380
3,580.86
25 %
5
Ozone NAA
3,821,974
3,620.38
25 %
5

Season-day
emissions
(lbs/day)
27,545.1
27,849.0

1. This figure reflects the total emissions reported from these facilities before the application of rule effectiveness where appropriate, and
thus may be lower than the emission totals from point sources presented in Chapter 2.

3.4.1.3 Traffic markings
VOC emissions from traffic markings were calculated following an alternative calculation
method outlined in EIIP guidance (US EPA, 1997). First, an average usage factor (in
gals/person-yr) was derived to calculate VOC emissions from traffic markings. The national per
capita usage amount was calculated by dividing the 2005 national traffic paint usage (US Census
Bureau, 2006c) by the US population in 2004 (US Census Bureau, 2008).
Annual per-capita
usage (gals/person)

= National traffic paint usage (gals/yr) 2005 ÷ US population 2004
= 30,799,000

÷ 293,638,158

= 0.10488 gal/person

Multiplying the national per-capita usage by the maximum allowable emission limit for traffic
coatings in Maricopa County (prescribed by County Rule 335) produces annual per-capita
emission rate for VOC emissions from traffic markings for Maricopa County:
VOC emissions
for traffic markings
(lb/person-yr)

= National per-capita usage
(gal/person)

× Maricopa County emission limit for traffic coatings
(prescribed by County Rule 335, in lb/gal)

= 0.10488

× 2.1

= 0.22025 VOC/person

Total VOC emissions for traffic coating for both Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment
area are then calculated by multiplying the county per-capita emission factor by the population in
the area. To calculate season-day emissions during the ozone season, recommended EPA values
were used, assuming 33 percent of annual activity occurred during the ozone season, and a
typical activity level of 5 days/wk (US EPA, 1997).

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

48

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 3.4–3. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from traffic markings.
Annual
% annual
Activity
emissions
activity in
level
Geographic area
Population
(tons/yr)
ozone season (days/wk)
Maricopa County
3,780,380
416.34
33 %
5
Ozone NAA
3,821,974
420.92
33 %
5

Season-day
emissions
(lbs/day)
4,227.5
4,273.8

3.4.1.4 Factory-finished wood
Emissions from factory-finished wood coating were calculated by the “scaling up” method as
described in EPA emission inventory guidance (US EPA, 2001c). This method combines
detailed emissions data from a subset of sources, and county-level employment data from the US
Census Bureau (2006a) to develop a per-employee emission factor that is then used to estimate
emissions from all sources in an industry category.
The most recent data from the US Census’ County Business Patterns (CBP) for 2004
employment were used. Where CBP employment estimates were presented as a range, the
midpoint values was chosen for these calculations. Table 3.4–4 shows the NAICS codes and
employment data used to calculate emissions from factory-finished wood surface coating.
Table 3.4–4. NAICS codes and descriptions for factory-finished wood surface coating.
NAICS
US Census
Code
Description
employment data
337212 Custom architectural woodwork & millwork mfg.
340–755
337215 Showcase, partition, shelving & locker manufacturing
198–440
337920 Blind & shade manufacturing
222–511
321911 Wood window & door manufacturing
728
321918 Other millwork
334
Total:

Value
used
548
319
367
728
334
2,296

Some facilities in this category are considered point sources, and have been addressed in Chapter
2. To avoid double-counting, employment at point sources is subtracted from total employment
as follows:
Total area-source
employment in
factory-finished wood

= Total employment (from US
Census’ County Business Patterns)

– Employment at point sources
(from annual emission reports)

= 2,296

– 338

= 1,958 employees

Annual emissions are calculated by “scaling up” area-source emissions reported from those
facilities surveyed in 2005 as follows:
Total area-source
emissions

= Emissions from surveyed area sources × Total area-source employment
Employment at surveyed area sources
× 1,958 employees

Area-source VOC
= 53.02 tons/yr
emissions from factory544 employees
finished wood
= 190.82 tons VOC/yr

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

49

Maricopa County, AZ

Ozone season-day emissions are calculated in the same method as annual emissions, only using
surveyed daily emissions instead of annual totals. Annual and season-day emissions for the
ozone nonattainment area were calculated by multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals
by the percentage of industrial employment within the nonattainment area. (See Section 1.5.1
for a discussion of the employment data used.)
VOC emissions from areasource factory finished
wood coating in the ozone
NAA (tons/yr)

= Annual Maricopa County
emissions

× NAA percentage of
industrial employment

= 190.82 tons/yr

× 99.03%

= 188.97 tons VOC/yr

Table 3.4–5 summarizes annual and season-day emissions from factory-finished wood surface
coating in both Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area.
Table 3.4–5. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source factory-finished wood surface coating.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Geographic area
Maricopa County
190.82
1,405.6
Ozone NAA
188.97
1,392.0

3.4.1.5 Wood furniture
Emissions from wood furniture surface coating were calculated by the “scaling up” method as
described in EPA emission inventory guidance (US EPA, 2001c). This method combines
detailed emissions data from a subset of sources, and county-level employment data from the US
Census Bureau (2006a) to develop a per-employee emission factor that is then used to estimate
emissions from all sources in an industry category.
The most recent data from the US Census’ County Business Patterns (CBP) for 2004
employment were used. Where CBP employment estimates were presented as a range, the
midpoint values was chosen for these calculations. Table 3.4–6 shows the NAICS codes and
employment data used to calculate emissions from wood furniture surface coating.
Table 3.4–6. NAICS codes and descriptions for wood furniture surface coating.
NAICS
US Census
Code
employment data
Description
337110 Wood kitchen cabinet & countertop manufacturing
1,801
337121 Upholstered household furniture manufacturing
278–679
337122 Non-upholstered wood household furniture manufacturing
2,181–4,651
337127 Institutional furniture manufacturing
27–66
337129 Wood television, radio & sewing machine cabinet mfg.
261–522
337211 Wood office furniture manufacturing
74–182
811420 Re-upholstery & furniture repair
292
Total:

Value
used
1,801
479
3,416
47
392
128
292
6,555

Some facilities in this category are considered point sources, and have been addressed in Chapter
2. To avoid double-counting, employment at point sources is subtracted from total employment
as follows:
2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

50

Maricopa County, AZ

Total area-source employment
= Total employment (from US
– Employment at point sources
in wood furniture manufacturing
Census’ County Business Patterns)
(from annual emission reports)
= 6,555

– 2,170

= 4,385 employees

Annual emissions are calculated by “scaling up” area-source emissions reported from those
facilities surveyed in 2005 as follows:
Total area-source = Emissions from surveyed area sources × Total area-source employment
emissions
Employment at surveyed area sources
× 4,385 employees

Area-source VOC = 128.77 tons/yr
from wood furn633 employees
iture coating
= 892.03 tons VOC/yr

Ozone season-day emissions are calculated in the same method as annual emissions, only using
surveyed daily emissions instead of annual totals. Annual and season-day emissions for the
ozone nonattainment area were calculated by multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals
by the percentage of industrial employment within the nonattainment area. (See Section 1.5.1
for a discussion of the employment data used.)
VOC emissions from
= Annual Maricopa County
area-source wood furniture
emissions
coating in the ozone NAA
(tons/yr)
= 892.03 tons/yr

× NAA percentage of
industrial employment

× 99.03%

= 883.38 tons VOC/yr

Table 3.4–7 summarizes annual and season-day emissions from wood furniture surface coating
in both Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area.
Table 3.4–7. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source wood furniture surface coating.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
892.03
6,870.4
Ozone NAA
883.38
6,803.8

3.4.1.6 Aircraft surface coating
Annual emissions from aircraft surface coating facilities were derived from annual emission
reports from permitted sources. It is assumed that all aircraft surface coating facilities were
surveyed in 2005 based on a comparison of county-level employment data (US Census Bureau,
2006a) and annual emissions report employment data. Ozone season-day emissions were
calculated based on operating schedule information provided in the facilities’ annual emission
reports. Since all facilities considered in this section are located within the ozone nonattainment
area, total emission values for the county and the ozone NAA are equal.

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

51

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 3.4–8. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source aircraft surface coating.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Geographic area
Maricopa County
51.94
378.6
Ozone NAA
51.94
378.6

3.4.1.7 Miscellaneous manufacturing
Area-source VOC emissions from miscellaneous surface coating were estimated by a “scaling
up” method as described in EPA emission inventory guidance (US EPA, 2001c). This method
combines detailed emissions and employment data from Maricopa County permitted facilities to
develop a per-employee emission factor that is then used to estimate emissions from all sources
in an industry category, as follows:
Average misc. coat.
emission factor
(lbs/employee)

= Annual reported VOC emissions ÷ Number of employees in area-source
from misc. coating (lbs/yr)
businesses that reported misc. coating
activity in 2005
= 398,975.9 lbs

÷ 33,915 employees

= 11.764 lbs/employee

The typical “scale-up” methodology was revised slightly for this source category for a number of
reasons. First, miscellaneous surface coating activity occurs at some level across a wide
spectrum of industries, both industrial and commercial/institutional. Additionally, annual
emissions reports may be inconsistent in how activities are reported, and it is uncertain if all
relevant activities are categorized as “miscellaneous surface coating” vs. some other category
(e.g., manufacturing). Estimating total emissions from miscellaneous surface coating based on
county employment by NAICS code (for which employment data are often presented only as a
broad range), or all industrial employment (including industries which have little or no miscellaneous surface coating activities) would therefore be misleading and lead to an over-estimate of
area-source emissions from this source category. Instead, the list of SIC codes used by
businesses that reported miscellaneous surface coating activities was conservatively assumed to
represent the “universe” of businesses that could possibly have significant miscellaneous surface
coating activity. As some facilities are considered point sources (which are addressed in Chapter
2), to avoid double-counting, employment at point sources is subtracted from total employment
within these SIC categories as follows:
Total area-source employ- = Total employment in all businesses
men in industries with
in SIC codes that reported
misc. coating activity
misc. coating activity in 2005
= 105,628

– Employment at point sources
in these SIC codes
(from annual emission reports)
– 42,887

= 62,741 employees

Annual emissions are calculated by “scaling up” area-source emissions reported from those
facilities surveyed in 2005 as follows:

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

52

Maricopa County, AZ

Total area-source
= per-employee emission factor
emissions from misc.
coating operations
= 11.764 lbs/employee

× Total area-source employment
in relevant SIC categories
× 62,741 employees

= 738,085 lbs/yr
= 369.04 tons VOC/yr

Ozone season-day emissions are calculated in the same method as annual emissions, only using
surveyed daily emissions instead of annual totals. Annual and season-day emissions for the
ozone nonattainment area were calculated by multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals
by the percentage of industrial employment within the nonattainment area. (See Section 1.5.1
for a discussion of the employment data used.)
VOC emissions from
= Annual Maricopa County
area-source degreasing
emissions
in the ozone NAA (tons/yr)
= 369.04 tons/yr

× NAA percentage of
industrial employment
× 99.03%

= 365.46 tons VOC/yr

Table 3.4–9 summarizes annual and season-day emissions from area-source miscellaneous
surface coating in both Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area.
Table 3.4–9. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from miscellaneous surface coating.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Geographic area
Maricopa County
369.04
2,834.9
Ozone NAA
365.46
2,807.4

3.4.2 Degreasing
Area-source VOC emissions from degreasing were estimated by a “scaling up” method as
described in EPA emission inventory guidance (US EPA, 2001c). This method combines
detailed emissions and employment data from Maricopa County permitted facilities to develop a
per-employee emission factor that is then used to estimate emissions from all sources in an
industry category, as follows:
Average degreasing
emission factor
(lbs/employee)

= Annual reported VOC emissions ÷ Number of employees in area-source
from degreasing (lbs/yr)
businesses that reported degreasing
activity in 2005
= 523,874 lbs

÷ 24,946 employees

= 21.00 lbs/employee

The typical “scale-up” methodology was revised slightly for this source category for a number of
reasons. First, degreasing activity occurs at some level across a wide spectrum of industries,
both industrial and commercial/ institutional. Additionally, annual emissions reports may be
inconsistent in how activities are reported, and it is uncertain if all relevant activities are categ2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

53

Maricopa County, AZ

orized as “degreasing” vs. some other category (e.g., manufacturing). Estimating total emissions
from degreasing based on county employment by NAICS code (for which employment data are
often presented only as a broad range), or all industrial employment (including industries which
have little or no degreasing activities) would therefore be misleading and lead to an overestimate of area-source emissions from this source category.
Instead, the list of SIC codes used by businesses that reported degreasing activities was conservatively assumed to represent the “universe” of businesses that could possibly have significant
degreasing activity. As some facilities are considered point sources (which are addressed in
Chapter 2), to avoid double-counting, employment at point sources is subtracted from total
employment within these SIC categories as follows:
Total area-source employ- = Total employment in all businesses
men in industries with
in SIC codes that reported
degreasing activity
degreasing activity in 2005
= 116,356

– Employment at point sources
in these SIC codes
(from annual emission reports)
– 53,276

= 63,080 employees

Annual emissions are calculated by “scaling up” area-source emissions reported from those
facilities surveyed in 2005 as follows:
Total area-source
emissions from degreasing operations

= per-employee emission factor

× Total area-source employment
in relevant SIC categories

= 21.00 lbs/employee

× 63,080 employees

= 1,324,680 lbs/yr
= 662.35 tons VOC/yr

Ozone season-day emissions are calculated in the same method as annual emissions, only using
surveyed daily emissions instead of annual totals. Annual and season-day emissions for the
ozone nonattainment area were calculated by multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals
by the percentage of industrial employment within the nonattainment area. (See Section 1.5.1
for a discussion of the employment data used.)
VOC emissions from
= Annual Maricopa County
area-source degreasing
emissions
in the ozone NAA (tons/yr)
= 662.35 tons/yr

× NAA percentage of
industrial employment
× 99.03%

= 655.93 tons VOC/yr

Table 3.4–10 summarizes annual and season-day emissions from area-source degreasing in both
Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area.

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

54

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 3.4–10. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source degreasing.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Geographic area
Maricopa County
662.35
4,528.7
Ozone NAA
655.93
4,484.7

3.4.3

Dry cleaning

Dry cleaning facilities are identified as one of two types: those that use perchloroethylene and
those that use a petroleum solvent (140 or Stoddard solvent) or other VOC-based solvent.
Perchloroethylene is a synthetic solvent that is not considered photochemically reactive and
therefore is not included in this inventory. Annual VOC emissions from the petroleum-based
solvents were estimated using annual emission reports, as all permitted dry cleaners are surveyed
annually (it is assumed there are no unpermitted dry cleaning facilities operating within the
county). Ozone season-day emissions were calculated based on operating schedule information
provided in the facilities’ annual emission reports
Since all dry cleaning establishments are located within the ozone nonattainment area, the county
and nonattainment area emission totals are the same. Table 3.4–11 summarizes the annual and
season-day VOC emissions from dry cleaning.
Table 3.4–11. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from dry cleaning.
Annual emissions Season-day emissions
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Geographic area
Maricopa County
21.19
162.4
Ozone NAA
21.19
162.4

3.4.4

Graphic arts

Emissions from graphic arts were calculated by the “scaling up” method as described in EPA
emission inventory guidance (US EPA, 2001c). This method combines detailed emissions data
from a subset of sources, and county-level employment data from the US Census Bureau (2006a)
to develop a per-employee emission factor that is then used to estimate emissions from all
sources in an industry category.
The most recent data from the US Census’ County Business Patterns (CBP) for 2004
employment were used. Where CBP employment estimates were presented as a range, the
midpoint values was chosen for these calculations. Table 3.4–12 shows the NAICS codes and
employment data used to calculate emissions from graphic arts.
Table 3.4–12. NAICS codes and descriptions for graphic arts.
NAICS
Code
Description
323* Printing & related support activities
5111* Newspaper, periodical, book & database publishers
Total:

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

55

US Census
employment data
5,373
5,563

Value
used
5,373
5,563
10,936

Maricopa County, AZ

Some facilities in this category are considered point sources, and have been addressed in Chapter
2. To avoid double-counting, employment at point sources is subtracted from total employment
as follows:
Total area-source
employment in
graphic arts

= Total employment (from US
– Employment at point sources
Census’ County Business Patterns)
(from annual emission reports)
= 10,936

– 1,416

= 9,520 employees

Annual emissions are calculated by “scaling up” area-source emissions reported from those
facilities surveyed in 2005 as follows:
Total area-source = Emissions from surveyed area sources × Total area-source employment
emissions
Employment at surveyed area sources
× 9,520 employees

Area-source VOC = 41.52 tons/yr
emissions from
1,894 employees
graphic arts
= 208.71 tons VOC/yr

Ozone season-day emissions are calculated in the same method as annual emissions, only using
surveyed daily emissions instead of annual totals. Annual and season-day emissions for the
ozone nonattainment area were calculated by multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals
by the percentage of industrial employment within the nonattainment area. (See Section 1.5.1
for a discussion of the employment data used.)
VOC emissions from
= Annual Maricopa County
area-source graphic arts
emissions
in the ozone NAA (tons/yr)
= 208.71 tons/yr

× NAA percentage of
industrial employment
× 99.03%

= 206.69 tons VOC/yr

Table 3.4–13 summarizes annual and season-day emissions from graphic arts in both Maricopa
County and the ozone nonattainment area.
Table 3.4–13. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source graphic arts.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Geographic area
Maricopa County
208.71
1,477.9
Ozone NAA
206.69
1,463.5

3.4.5

Miscellaneous industrial solvent use

Area-source VOC emissions from miscellaneous industrial solvent use were estimated by a
“scaling up” method as described in EPA emission inventory guidance (US EPA, 2001c). This
method combines detailed emissions and employment data from Maricopa County permitted
facilities to develop a per-employee emission factor that is then used to estimate emissions from
all sources in an industry category, as follows:
2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

56

Maricopa County, AZ

Average solvent use = Annual reported VOC emissions ÷ Number of employees in area-source
emission factor
from solvent use (lbs/yr)
businesses that reported solvent use
(lbs/employee)
activity in 2005
= 9,106.2 lbs

÷ 3,599 employees

= 2.53 lbs/employee

The typical “scale-up” methodology was revised slightly for this source category for a number of
reasons. First, miscellaneous industrial solvent use occurs at some level across a wide spectrum
of industries. Additionally, annual emissions reports may be inconsistent in how activities are
reported, and it is uncertain if all relevant activities are categorized as “miscellaneous industrial
solvent use” vs. some other category (e.g., manufacturing). Estimating total emissions from
miscellaneous industrial solvent use based on county employment by NAICS code (for which
employment data are often presented only as a broad range), or all industrial employment (including industries which have little or no solvent use activities) would therefore be misleading and
lead to an overestimate of area-source emissions from this source category.
Instead, the list of SIC codes used by businesses that reported miscellaneous industrial solvent
use activities was conservatively assumed to represent the “universe” of businesses that could
possibly have significant miscellaneous industrial solvent use activity. As some facilities are
considered point sources (which are addressed in Chapter 2), to avoid double-counting, employment at point sources is subtracted from total employment within these SIC categories as
follows:
Total area-source employ- = Total employment in all businesses
men in industries with
in SIC codes that reported
misc. solvent use
misc. solvent use in 2005
= 36,942

– Employment at point sources
in these SIC codes
(from annual emission reports)
– 11,797

= 25,145 employees

Annual emissions are calculated by “scaling up” area-source emissions reported from those
facilities surveyed in 2005 as follows:
Total area-source
emissions from misc.
solvent use (tons/yr)

= per-employee emission factor × Total area-source employment
in relevant SIC categories
= 2.53 lbs/employee

× 25,145 employees

= 63,616.9 lbs/yr
= 31.81 tons VOC/yr

Ozone season-day emissions are calculated in the same method as annual emissions, only using
surveyed daily emissions instead of annual totals. Annual and season-day emissions for the
ozone nonattainment area were calculated by multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals
by the percentage of industrial employment within the nonattainment area. (See Section 1.5.1
for a discussion of the employment data used.)
2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

57

Maricopa County, AZ

VOC emissions from area = Annual Maricopa County
source misc. solvent use
emissions
in the ozone NAA (tons/yr)
= 31.81 tons/yr

× NAA percentage of
industrial employment
× 99.03%

= 31.50 tons VOC/yr

Table 3.4–14 summarizes annual and season-day emissions from area-source miscellaneous
industrial solvent use in both Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area.
Table 3.4–14. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source miscellaneous industrial solvent use.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
31.81
221.5
Ozone NAA
31.50
219.4

3.4.6

Agricultural pesticide application

Pesticides are substances used to control nuisance weeds (herbicides), insects (insecticides),
fungi (fungicides), and rodents (rodenticides). Formulations of pesticides are made through the
combination of the pest-killing material referred to as the active ingredient (AI) and various
solvents (which act as carriers for the pest-killing material) referred to as the inert ingredient.
Both active and inert ingredients can contain VOCs that can potentially be emitted to the air
either during application or as a result of evaporation. Application rates for a particular pesticide
may vary from crop to crop. Application of pesticides can be from the ground or from the air.
The Arizona Agricultural Statistics Service (AASS) provided MCAQD with data on agricultural
pesticide usage for 2005, including information on the pesticide use, active ingredient(s),
percent active ingredient(s), total chemical applied to the field, application date, application
location, and application type (USDA, 2007). VOC emissions from the active ingredients were
calculated using the preferred method outlined in EIIP guidance (US EPA, 2001e).
The EIIP guidance states that the preferred method cannot be used for aerial applications because
a major factor in losses by aerial application is drift and neither equations nor experimental data
are currently available to predict these losses. However, the MCAQD included both ground and
aerial applications in emission estimates for agricultural pesticide applications because while
some fraction of the applied pesticide may not reach its target area, the volatile portion will still
result in VOC emissions.
Emission factors for the active ingredients were determined based on the vapor pressure of the
active ingredient (US EPA 2001e, Table 9.4-4). Vapor pressure of the active ingredient was
obtained from multiple sources including: EIIP guidance (US EPA 2001e, Table 9.4-2) and
material safety data sheets. Because data was not available regarding surface application vs. soil
incorporation, the more conservative of the two emission factors (surface application) was used.
Annual VOC emissions from the active ingredient of the pesticide applied were calculated as
shown in the example below for Methomyl, the active ingredient contained in the pesticide
Lannate SP. Methomyl is a soluble powder and has a vapor pressure of 5 × 10-5:

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

58

Maricopa County, AZ

Amount of AI Methomyl applied

= Lbs Lannate SP applied × Percent active ingredient (AI)
= 1,476.04 lbs/yr

× 90%

= 1,328.44 lbs/yr
Annual VOC emissions
AI Methomyl

= Amount of AI Methomyl applied × Emission factor for active ingredient
(lbs VOC/lb AI)
= 1,328.44 lbs/yr

× 0.35 lbs VOC/lb

= 464.95 lbs VOC/yr

VOC emissions from the inert ingredients were calculated using average VOC content of the
inert ingredient portion based on formulation type (US EPA 2001e, Table 9.4-3). Annual VOC
emissions from the inert ingredient components of pesticides were calculated as shown in this
example for Lannate SP:
Amount of inert ingredients
of Lannate SP applied (lbs/yr)

= Lbs Lannate SP applied

× Percent inert ingredient

= 1,476.04 lbs/yr

× 10%

= 147.60 lbs/yr
Annual VOC emissions from = Amount of inert ingredients × VOC content of inert portion for
inert ingredients of Lannate SP
of Lannate SP applied
soluble powder
(lbs/yr)
= 147.60 lbs
× 12%
= 17.71 lbs VOC/yr

Total VOC emissions for each pesticide applied was then calculated by summing the VOC
emissions from the active ingredient and the inert ingredient as in this example for the pesticide
Lannate SP:
Total annual VOC emissions
from Lannate SP(lbs/yr)

= Annual VOC emissions from + Annual VOC emissions
AI of Methomyl (lbs/yr)
from inert ingredients
= 464.95 lbs

+ 17.71 lbs

= 482.66 lbs VOC/yr

This procedure was followed for each pesticide that was applied in 2005. Totaling these
calculated emissions resulted in 261.74 tons of VOC emissions from agricultural pesticide
application in 2005. Ozone season-day emissions were calculated by dividing ozone season
emissions by 91 (7 days/wk × 13 wks/ozone season), as follows:
Ozone season-day VOC
emissions from agricultural
pesticides (lbs/day)

= Ozone season emissions from ÷ (7 days/week × 13 weeks/season)
agricultural pesticides (lbs)
= 74,493 lbs

÷ 91 days/season

= 818.60 lbs of VOC/day

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

59

Maricopa County, AZ

Agricultural pesticide usage data for 2005 included the location of the pesticide application to
determine emissions from agricultural pesticide applications within the ozone nonattainment
area.
Table 3.4–15. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from agricultural pesticide application.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Geographic area
Maricopa County
261.74
818.6
Ozone NAA
69.62
255.3

3.4.7

Consumer and commercial solvent use

Consumer and commercial products emissions include all emissions from seven product
categories: personal care products, household products, automotive aftermarket products,
adhesives and sealants, FIFRA-regulated products, coatings and related products, and
miscellaneous products.
Annual area source VOC emissions from consumer and commercial products are calculated by
multiplying per-capita emission factors from EIIP guidance (US EPA, 1996) by the population
estimates for Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area (see Section 1.5.1 for a
discussion of population data). Ozone season-day emissions for the county and the ozone NAA
are calculated by dividing annual emissions 365 days as activity is assumed to occur uniformly
throughout the year according to EIIP guidance (US EPA, 2001c).
Table 3.4–16. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from consumer and commercial products.
Maricopa County
Ozone NAA
Emission
factor
Annual
Season day
Annual
Season day
(lbs/person) (tons/yr)
Product category
(lbs/day)
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Personal care
2.32
4,385.24
24,028.7
4,433.49
24,293.1
Household
0.79
1,493.25
8,182.2
1,509.68
8,272.2
Automotive aftermarket
1.36
2,570.66
14,085.8
2,598.94
14,240.8
Adhesives/sealants
0.57
1,077.41
5,903.6
1,089.26
5,968.6
FIFRA-Regulated
1.78
3,364.54
18,435.8
3,401.56
18,638.7
Coatings and related
0.95
1,795.68
9,839.3
1,815.44
9,947.6
Miscellaneous
0.07
132.31
725.0
133.77
733.0
Totals:
7.84
14,819.09
81,200.5
14,982.14
82,093.9

3.4.8

Asphalt application

Asphalt is applied to pave, seal, and repair surfaces such as roads, parking lots, drives, walkways, roofs, and airport runways. Area-source emissions from asphalt application are calculated
by first allocating 2005 state-level asphalt usage data (Asphalt Institute, 2007) to Maricopa
County and the ozone nonattainment area by the use of two surrogates: vehicle miles traveled
(VMT) and population. Table 3.4–17 lists 2005 vehicle miles traveled (VMT) and population
for Arizona, Maricopa County and the ozone NAA.

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

60

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 3.4–17. 2005 vehicle miles traveled (VMT) and population data.
Total residential
population
Geographic area
VMT
Arizona
163,825,000 (1)
5,845,250
Maricopa County
82,150,747 (2)
3,524,175
3,542,478
Ozone NAA
84,631,487 (3)
1. ADOT, 2007; 2. MAG, 2007a., 3. MAG, 2007b.

Maricopa County asphalt usage is allocated from state-level usage for three categories of asphalt
application: roofing, cutback and emulsified. Population was used to allocate state-wide roofing
asphalt usage to county-levels, while VMT was used to allocate cutback and emulsified asphalt
to county levels (US EPA, 2001a); as in this example for cutback asphalt:
2005 county cutback
asphalt usage (tons/yr)

= 2005 Arizona cutback × 2005 county:state VMT ratio
asphalt usage (tons/yr)
= 10,972 × (82,150,747 ÷ 163,825,000)
= 5,502 tons/yr

Table 3.4–18 details state and county asphalt usage by type and the county:state allocation factor
used.
Table 3.4–18. Annual asphalt usage, by type.
2005 Arizona
County:state
asphalt usage
allocation factor
(tons/yr)
(surrogate measure)
Asphalt type
Cutback
10,972
50.15% (VMT)
Emulsified
42,448
50.15% (VMT)
Roofing
11,412
60.29% (population)

County asphalt
usage (tons/yr)
5,501.96
21,285.73
6,880.44

County annual VOC emissions from cutback asphalt are calculated by multiplying annual usage
of cutback asphalt by an emission factor derived based on the percent volume of VOCs in the
diluent. The diluent content of cutback asphalt typically ranges between 25 to 45 percent VOC
by volume. The midpoint of 35 percent was used for Maricopa County as actual diluent percentages were not available, and because all cutback asphalt used in the county was assumed to be
“medium cure”, as “rapid cure” blends are prohibited by county rule. An emission factor of 0.20
pounds of VOC per pound of cutback asphalt was used, based on the 35 percent VOC (by
volume) content of the diluent (US EPA, 2001a), to derive annual emissions as follows:
Annual VOC emissions from cutback
asphalt in Maricopa County (tons/yr)

= Maricopa County cutback × Emission factor
asphalt usage (tons/yr)
(ton/ton)
= 5,501.96

×

0.20

= 1,100.39 tons VOC/yr

Emissions from emulsified asphalt were calculated similarly, using a VOC emission factor of
0.0263 ton/ton. Emissions from roofing asphalt were calculated by multiplying the amount of
asphalt melted in roofing kettles during hot-applied methods by an emission factor for asphalt
roofing kettles (US EPA, 2000a). It was conservatively assumed that all roofing asphalt used in

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

61

Maricopa County, AZ

Maricopa County is melted through hot-applied methods. Thus, annual emissions are calculated
as follows:
Annual VOC emissions =
from roofing asphalt in
Maricopa County (tons/yr)

Maricopa County roofing × emission factor
asphalt usage (tons/yr)
(lbs/ton)
=

6,880.44 ×

6.2

=

21.33 tons VOC/yr

÷

÷ unit conversion factor
(lbs/ton)

2,000

For all three types of asphalt application, it was assumed that asphalt application occurs equally
throughout the calendar year, with cutback and emulsified application occurring 7 days a week
and roofing asphalt application occurring 5 days a week. Therefore, ozone season-day VOC
emissions for the county are calculated by dividing county annual emissions by the number of
days activity occurs during the year, as in this example for cutback asphalt:
Season-day VOC emissions
= Annual emissions
from cutback asphalt (lbs/day) (tons/yr)
= 1,100.39

× unit conversion factor
(lbs/ton)
× 2,000

÷

÷

activity schedule
(days/yr)
365

= 6,029.5 lbs VOC/day

Annual and season-day emissions for the ozone nonattainment area were calculated by
multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals by the percentage of VMT within the
nonattainment area (for cutback and emulsified asphalt) and by the percentage of population
within the nonattainment area (for roofing asphalt) as in this example for annual VOC emissions
from cutback asphalt in the ozone nonattainment area:
Annual VOC emissions from = Maricopa County cutback × Ratio of NAA:County VMT
cutback asphalt in the NAA
asphalt usage (tons/yr)
(tons/yr)
= 1,100.39
×
1.0302
= 1,133.62 tons VOC/yr
Table 3.4–19. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from asphalt application.
Maricopa County
Ozone nonattainment area
Annual
Season-day
Annual
Season-day
emissions
emissions
emissions
emissions
Asphalt type
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Cutback
1,100.39
6,029.5
1,133.62
6,211.6
Emulsified
559.51
3,065.8
576.41
3,158.4
Roofing
21.33
164.1
21.44
164.9
Totals:
1,681.23
9,259.4
1,731.47
9,534.9

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

62

Maricopa County, AZ

3.5

Storage and transport

3.5.1

Bulk plants/terminals

Emissions from this source category were calculated from annual emissions inventory reports
from all bulk terminals and bulk plants located within the county. It is assumed that there are no
unpermitted bulk terminals or bulk plants in Maricopa County. To avoid double-counting,
emissions from bulk terminals and bulk plants treated as point sources (totaling 404.50 tons)
were subtracted from total emissions to derive total annual emissions from area-source bulk
terminals and bulk plants of 26.35 tons/yr. Ozone season-day emissions were calculated based on
operating schedule information provided in the facilities annual emission reports. Since all
facilities considered in this section are located within the ozone nonattainment area, total
emission values for the county and the ozone NAA are equal.
Table 3.5–1. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source bulk terminals and bulk plants.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
26.35
138.6
Ozone NAA
26.35
138.6

3.5.2

Volatile organic liquid (VOL) storage and transport

Emissions from this source category were calculated by summing reported VOC emissions from
volatile organic liquid storage/transfer emissions inventory reports. It is assumed that there are
no significant unpermitted volatile organic liquid storage/transfer facilities in Maricopa County.
To avoid double-counting, emissions from those facilities treated as point sources (totaling 16.38
tons) are addressed in Chapter 2. Ozone season-day emissions were calculated based on
operating schedule information provided in the facilities annual emission reports. Since all
facilities considered in this section are located within the ozone nonattainment area, total
emission values for the county and the ozone NAA are equal.
Table 3.5–2. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source organic liquid storage/transfer.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
17.10
126.5
Ozone NAA
17.10
126.5

3.5.3

Petroleum tanker truck fuel delivery

Following EPA methodologies (US EPA, 2001b), annual VOC emissions from tanker truck fuel
delivery to outlets are calculated by multiplying gasoline sales (1,568,138,788 gallons [ADOT,
2006]) by emission factors provided in AP-42 Table 5.2-7 (US EPA, 1995b) for each filling
technology. Based on annual emissions reports, 98.5% of gasoline is delivered using balanced
submerged filling with the remaining 1.5% delivered by submerged filling.
VOC emissions from
= Gas sales (Mgals) × % delivered by fill technology × emission factor (lbs/Mgals)
balanced submerged filling
= 1,568,138.788
× 98.5%
× 0.3
= 463,385 lbs, or 231.69 tons VOC/yr

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63

Maricopa County, AZ

VOC emissions from
submerged filling

= Gas sales (Mgals) × % delivered by fill technology × emission factor (lbs/Mgals)
= 1,568,138.788

× 1.5%

× 7.3

= 171,711 lbs
= 85.86 tons VOC/yr

Ozone season-day emissions are calculated by multiplying ozone-season gasoline sales (July–
September) by the emission factors listed above, then dividing by the product of the number of
weeks in the ozone season (13) and the number of days a week (6) deliveries occur during the
ozone season; as in this example for submerged filling:
Season-day VOC
= Total seasonal gas sales × % fill tech. × emission factor ÷ (days/week × wks/season)
emissions from
(Mgals)
(lbs/MGals)
balanced submerged fill
= 394,827.536
× 98.5%
× 0.3
÷ (6 × 13)
= 1,495.8 lbs VOC/day

As a conservative assumption, annual and season-day emissions for the ozone nonattainment
area are assumed to be equal to Maricopa County emissions.
Table 3.5–3. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from tanker truck fuel delivery.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
317.55
2,050.1
Ozone NAA
317.55
2,050.1

3.5.4

Petroleum tanker trucks in transit

Gasoline trucks in transit VOC emissions are dependent on the number of times gasoline is
distributed inside the inventory area. Gasoline distribution may occur once (from bulk terminals
to retail outlets) or twice (distribution to bulk plants, then retail outlets). Annual VOC emissions
from gasoline trucks in transit are calculated by the following formula (US EPA, 2001b):
TTE = (TGD × LEF × GTA) + (TGD × UEF × GTA)
2,000
where:
TTE = Total gasoline emissions from tank trucks in transit (tons/yr)
TGD = Total gasoline distributed in area (Mgals)
LEF = Loaded tank truck in-transit emission factor (lbs/Mgals) (AP-42, Table 5.2-5)
UEF = Unloaded tank truck in-transit emission factor (lbs/Mgals) (AP-42, Table 5.2-5)
GTA = Gasoline transportation adjustment factor (1.25; US EPA historical default)

Substituting Maricopa County values in the above equation yields:
= (1,568,138.788 Mgals/yr × 0.005 lbs/Mgals × 1.25) + (1,568,138.788 Mgals/yr × 0.055 lbs/Mgals × 1.25)
2,000
= 58.81 tons VOC/yr

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

64

Maricopa County, AZ

Ozone season-day VOC emissions are calculated using the same formula as above by using only
the gasoline distributed during the ozone season (July–September) (394,827,536 gallons (ADOT,
2006)), and dividing the resultant total by the product of the number of weeks (13) in the ozone
season and the number of days (6) gasoline distribution occurs each week.
As a conservative estimate, all activity was assumed to occur within the nonattainment area; thus
annual and season-day emissions estimates for the NAA are equal to county totals.
Table 3.5–4. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from gasoline trucks in transit.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
58.81
379.6
Ozone NAA
58.81
379.6

3.5.5

Service stations, breathing/emptying

Following EPA methodologies (US EPA, 2001b), annual VOC emissions from storage tank
breathing and emptying are calculated by multiplying annual gasoline throughput (ADOT, 2006)
by the emission factor for underground tank breathing and emptying (1.0 lb/Mgal) found in AP42 Table 5.2-7 (US EPA, 1995b).
Annual emissions from breathing = gasoline throughput (Mgal) × emission factor (lb/Mgal)
and emptying losses (tons/yr)
2,000
= 1,568,138.788 Mgal × 1.0 lb/Mgal
2,000
= 784.07 tons/yr

Ozone season-day VOC emissions are calculated using the same formula as above, using only
the gasoline distributed during the ozone season (July–September, 394,827,536 gallons) and
dividing by the product of the number of weeks (13) in the ozone season and the number of days
per week (7) gasoline storage occurs.
As a conservative estimate, all activity was assumed to occur within the nonattainment area; thus
annual and season-day emissions estimates for the NAA are equal to county totals.
Table 3.5–5. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from gasoline marketing breathing and emptying losses.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
784.07
4,338.8
Ozone NAA
784.07
4,338.8

3.5.6

Vehicle refueling

Following EPA guidance (US EPA, 2001b), annual VOC emissions from vehicle refueling are
calculated by multiplying the annual gasoline throughput (ADOT, 2006) by a vehicle refueling
factor estimated from the MOBILE6 model (MAG, 2004) as follows:

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

65

Maricopa County, AZ

Annual VOC emissions = Annual gasoline
× MOBILE6 vehicle
from vehicle refueling
throughput (gals)
refueling factor (g/gal)
(tons/yr)
= 1,568,138,788 gals × 0.64 g/gal

÷ unit conversion factor

÷

908,000 grams
ton

= 1,105.30 tons VOC/yr

Ozone season-day emissions were calculated using the same formula as above with ozone season
specific data. First, ozone season emissions were estimated using the gasoline distributed during
the ozone season (July–September, 394,827,536 gallons) and the ozone season vehicle refueling
factor (0.68 g/gal). Then, ozone season emissions were divided by 91, the product of the number
of weeks (13) in the ozone season and the number of days (7) vehicle refueling occurs each
week.
To be conservative, annual and season-day emissions for the ozone nonattainment area are
assumed to be equal to Maricopa County emissions.
Table 3.5–6. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from vehicle refueling.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
1,105.30
6,498.6
Ozone NAA
1,105.30
6,498.6

3.6

Waste treatment and disposal

3.6.1

On-site incineration

This section includes emissions from on-site industrial incinerators, primarily burn-off ovens
used to reclaim electric wire or other materials. Emissions from human and animal crematories
are addressed in Section 3.7.2.2. There were no incinerators at residential (e.g., apartment
complexes) or commercial/institutional facilities (e.g., hospitals, service establishments) in
operation during 2005.
Emissions from on-site incineration were determined from annual emissions reports. It is
assumed that all incinerator emissions are accounted for, since all permitted incinerators received
reports in 2005. Season-day emissions are based on operating schedules as supplied in the
annual emissions reports. All surveyed facilities are located within the ozone nonattainment
area, thus total emissions for the county and NAA are equal. Table 3.6-1 summarizes annual and
season-day emissions for Maricopa County and the nonattainment area.
Table 3.6–1. Annual and season-day emissions from on-site incineration.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Maricopa County
0.07
2.54
0.46
0.3
18.0
3.4
Ozone NAA
0.07
2.54
0.46
0.3
18.0
3.4

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3.6.2 Open burning
Emissions from controlled open burning are regulated by Maricopa County Air Pollution Control
Regulations Rule 314 (Open Outdoor Fires and Indoor Fireplaces at Commercial and Institutional Establishments), which requires a burn permit for open burning in Maricopa County. Burn
permits are issued primarily for purposes of agricultural ditch bank and fence row burning,
tumbleweed burning, land clearance, air curtain destructor burning of trees, and fire fighting
training. Maricopa County’s burn permit data base was used to identify all burn permits issued
during 2005. A total of 73 permits were issued during the year; however, not all permit applications contained the information needed to calculate emissions. Where data were missing,
activity data for each permit category was grown from those permits that contained information,
as follows:
Total activity = ∑ activity reported ×

total number of permits issued
number of permits with activity data

Example:
Total ditchbank/fencerows = 1,504,852 linear ft (reported) ×

50 burn permits issued
= 2,594,572 linear ft
29 permits with data

Reported and estimated activity data for each open burning category are summarized in Table
3.6–2. Permits issued for fire fighting training are addressed in Section 3.5.1.2.
Table 3.6–2. 2005 Maricopa County burn permit activity data.

Category
Ditchbank/fencerow
Land clearance
Land clearance
Air curtain
Tumbleweeds

Unit of measure
Linear ft
Acres
Piles
Material Burned
Piles

Total reported
activity
1,504,852
5
37
70
20

Number of
permits with
activity data
29
1
2
7
3

Total
permits
issued
50
7
7
7
4

Activity grown to
total number of
permits issued
2,594,572
35
130
70
27

The above activity data were converted to tons material burned using fuel loading factors from
AP-42, Table 2.5-5 (US EPA, 1992). The emission and loading factors used are shown in Table
3.6–3.
Table 3.6–3. Emission and fuel loading factors for open burning.
Emission factors (lb/ton burned)
Category
VOC
NOx
CO
Fuel loading factor
Weeds, unspecified
9
4
85
3.2 tons/acre
Russian Thistle (tumbleweeds)
1.5
4
309
0.1 tons/acre
Orchard Crops: Citrus
9
4
81
1.0 tons/acre

The following assumptions were made based on previous Maricopa County emission inventory
and information from MCAQD's open burn program staff:
• Ditch banks and fence rows in Maricopa County average 7 feet in width and are burned
twice per year (MCESD, 1999).

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Maricopa County, AZ

•

•

A pile of tumbleweeds 15 feet in diameter and 5 feet high weighs 200 lbs (MCESD,
1993). This is equivalent to 0.1 tons/acre, the AP-42 fuel loading factor for tumbleweeds.
Air curtain destructors burn between 7–10 tons of material per day (MCAQD, 2006).

To calculate the annual amount of material burned on ditch banks and fence rows in Maricopa
County, MCAQD estimated the area burned and then applied AP-42 fuel loading factor. The
tons of material burned in ditch banks and fence rows in Maricopa County were estimated as
follows:
Material burned from
ditchbanks and fence rows

= 2,594,572 ft length × 7 ft width × 3.2 tons/acre × 2 times/yr
43,560 ft2 / acre
= 2,668 tons material burned/yr

Activity data for the other categories were similarly converted to material burned using AP-42
fuel loading factors.
Annual emissions were then calculated by multiplying the amount of material burned by AP-42
emission factors (listed in Table 3.6–3) for each open burning category. To account for
unpermitted illegal outdoor burning, all calculated emissions estimates were increased 2.31 times
based on complaints received in 2006 for open or illegal outside burning (169 complaints
received; 169 complaints/73 open burn permits = 2.31).
Annual VOC emissions from
= Total material burned
ditchbank and fence row burning
= 2,668 tons

× emission factor

× unit conversion factor

× 9 lbs/ton

× 1 ton / 2,000 lbs

= 12.01 tons/yr
Total annual VOC emissions
including unpermitted burning

= Calculated emissions from permit data + unpermitted burning adjustment factor
= 12.01 tons/yr × 2.32
= 27.86 tons VOC/yr

Table 3.6–4 summarizes the annual emissions for Maricopa County from each open burning
category.
Table 3.6–4. Annual emissions from open burning in Maricopa County.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
NOx
Category
Ton-equivalents
VOC
CO
Ditchbank/fencerow
2,668.4
27.86
12.38
263.11
Land clearance
526.4
5.50
2.44
51.90
Air curtain
70.0
0.73
0.32
6.58
Tumbleweeds
2.67
0.00
0.01
0.96
Totals:
34.09
15.16
322.54

Annual emissions for the nonattainment area are calculated by multiplying the percentage of
agricultural and/or vacant land use located in the ozone nonattainment area by the Maricopa
County emission totals. (See Section 1.5.2 for a discussion of the land-use data used.) Table
3.6–5 summarizes the annual emissions for the ozone nonattainment area.
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Table 3.6–5. Surrogate land-use classes, ratios, and annual emissions from open burning in the ozone NAA.
Surrogate land
2004 NAA:county
Emissions (tons/yr)
use categories
land-use ratio
Category
NOx
CO
VOC
Ditchbank/fencerow Agriculture
64.37 %
17.93
7.97
169.37
Land clearance
Vacant
43.32 %
2.38
1.06
22.48
Air curtain
Agriculture and vacant
47.23 %
0.35
0.15
3.11
Tumbleweeds
Agriculture and vacant
47.23 %
0.00
0.01
0.45
Totals:
20.66
9.19
195.41

It was assumed that open burning occurs 5 days per week (most burn permits are issued for
weekdays but permits may be issued on weekends depending on circumstances) and open
burning occurs evenly during the ozone season months (July–September). A seasonal
adjustment factor was derived as follows:
Seasonal adjustment factor = # of permits issued July–Sept. for the category
Total # of permits issued in 2005 for the category
E.g., Seasonal adjustment = 11 permits issued during July–Sept. for ditchbank/fencerow burning
factor for ditchbank/
50 total permits issued in 2005 for ditchbank/fencerow burning
fencerow burning
= 22.00%

Ozone season-day emissions for Maricopa County are derived using the following formula:
Ozone season-day VOC
emissions (lbs/day)

= (annual VOC emissions) × (seasonal adjustment factor)
(# of burn days/week) × (# of season weeks/yr)

Season-day VOC emissions = 55,720 lbs × 0.22
from ditchbank burning
5 days/wk × 13 wks/yr
= 188.59 lbs VOC/day

Season-day emissions for the ozone nonattainment area are calculated by multiplying the
percentage of agricultural and/or vacant land use located in the nonattainment area by the
Maricopa County season-day emissions. (See Section 1.5.2 for a discussion of the land-use data
used.) Table 3.6–6 summarizes the season-day emissions from open burning for both Maricopa
County and the ozone nonattainment area.
Table 3.6–6. Season-day emissions (lbs/day) from open burning.
Maricopa County
Ozone nonattainment area
Category
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Ditchbank/fencerow
188.6
83.8
1,781.0
121.4
54.0
1,146.5
Land clearance
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Air curtain
3.2
1.4
28.9
1.5
0.7
13.7
Tumbleweeds
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Totals:
191.8
85.2
1,809.9
122.9
54.6
1,160.2

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3.6.3

Landfills

Emissions from municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills come from uncontrolled landfill gas
emissions as well as from combustion from control measures, such as a flare. Total emissions
were calculated from annual emissions inventory reports from all landfills located within the
county. Five MSW landfills (Butterfield Station, City of Chandler Landfill, Northwest Regional
Landfill, Skunk Creek Landfill and Southwest Regional Municipal Solid Waste Landfill) are
considered point sources and are reported in Chapter 2. All other MSW landfills are reported
here as area source landfills.
Since there are no area source landfills located outside the ozone nonattainment area, total
emission values for the county and the ozone nonattainment area are equal. Season-day
emissions were calculated based on reported activity data (days per week) for each individual
process, and then summed. Nearly all processes reported operating on a 7-day week. Annual and
daily emissions are shown in Table 3.6–7.
Table 3.6–7. Annual and season-day emissions from landfills.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Geographic area
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Maricopa County
6.81
6.50
8.42
37.0
35.5
46.2
Ozone NAA
6.81
6.50
8.42
37.0
35.5
46.2

3.6.4

Publicly owned treatment works (POTWs)

Emissions from publicly owned treatment works (POTWs) were calculated by multiplying percapita emission factors from EPA guidance (US EPA, 2001h) by population estimates and percapita wastewater usage estimates of 100 gallons per day per person (Tchobanoglous, 1979).
Ozone season-day emissions were calculated by multiplying annual emissions by a 35% season
adjustment factor and then dividing by 91 days per season (US EPA, 2001c).
Table 3.6–8. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from publicly owned treatment works (POTWs).
Annual
Season-day
VOC emission
emissions
emissions
factor (lbs/106
gals treated)
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
Population
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
3,780,380
8.9
614.03
4,723.3
Ozone NAA
3,821,974
8.9
620.78
4,775.3

3.6.5

Remediation of leaking underground storage tanks

Leaking underground storage tanks (LUST) are typically not considered a quantifiable source of
air emissions until excavation and remediation efforts begin. The majority of air emissions from
LUST site remediations occur during initial site action, which is typically tank removal.
Emissions from soil occur as the tank is being removed and when soil is deposited on the ground
before treatment/disposal occurs (US EPA, 2001d).
A default emission rate of 28 lbs/day per remediation event was used to estimate VOC emissions
from LUST remediations (US EPA, 2001d). Data obtained from the Arizona Department of
Environmental Quality Leaking Underground Storage Tank Section indicated that 56 LUST
opened in Maricopa County in 2005 (ADEQ, 2007). Data were not available on the number or
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date of remediations that occurred in 2005; therefore, it was conservatively assumed that all 56
LUST were remediated in 2005 during the ozone season. It was also assumed that an initial site
action (tank and soil removal) for an average LUST remediation lasts five days. Thus, annual
emissions attributable to remediations in Maricopa County were calculated as follows:
Annual VOC emissions
from LUST remediations =28 lbs VOC
day

× 56 remediations

×

5 days ×
remediation

1 ton
2,000 lbs

= 3.92 tons/yr

Ozone season-day emissions were calculated by dividing annual values by 65 (5 days/wk × 13
wks/ozone season). To be conservative, it was assumed that all gasoline retail outlets were
located within the ozone NAA and therefore, annual and season-day emissions for the ozone
nonattainment area were assumed to be equal to the Maricopa County totals.
Table 3.6–9. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from remediation of leaking underground storage
tanks.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
3.92
120.6
Ozone NAA
3.92
120.6

3.6.6

Other industrial waste disposal

Annual area-source emissions from other industrial waste disposal were derived from annual
emissions reports from permitted facilities. Other industrial waste disposal processes include a
wide array of industrial activities that are often specific to the permitted facility that reported the
process. For this reason, it is assumed there are no significant emissions from this category, other
than those reported by permitted facilities on their annual emissions reports. Season-day
emissions are based on operating schedules as supplied in the annual emissions reports. All
surveyed facilities are located within the ozone nonattainment area, thus total emissions for the
county and NAA are equal. Table 3.6-10 summarizes annual and season-day emissions for
Maricopa County and the nonattainment area.
Table 3.6–10. Annual and season-day emissions from other industrial waste disposal.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Maricopa County
10.56
4.15
14.57
58.2
22.8
80.1
Ozone NAA
10.56
4.15
14.57
58.2
22.8
80.1

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3.7

Miscellaneous area sources

3.7.1

Other combustion

3.7.1.1 Wildfires
Federal and state records of individual vegetation fire events were collected from the Arizona
State Land Department WildCAD database (ASLD, 2006a) and the United States Geological
Survey GeoMAC Wildland Fire Support database (USGS, 2006). Only vegetation fires with
reported acreage were used to estimate emissions from wildfires. Seventy-six fires occurred
within the ozone nonattainment area, resulting in nearly 205,000 acres burned. The largest fire
within the ozone nonattainment area was the Cave Creek Complex fire which occurred in July
2005 and resulted in over 96,000 acres burned.
Fire activity records in the two databases were culled for duplicates by comparing incident
names and incident dates. The acreage for fires located near the Maricopa County border where
reviewed by Arizona State Land Department (ASLD) staff to ensure that only acres burned
within Maricopa County were included in emission estimates. ASLD staff also reviewed acreage
estimates for all fires with a discrepancy greater than 500 acres between data reported by ASLD
and USGS. When fuel type data was missing from state and federal records, fuel type was
obtained from Incident Status Summary, Form ICS-209 (USFS, 2006a). In the event that fire
event-specific fuel type were not contained in federal or state data nor in the ICS-209 forms, then
National Fire Danger Rating System (NFDRS) model descriptions of “sagebrush grass” or
“California chaparral” were assigned based on guidance from Arizona State Land Department
(ASLD, 2006b).
NFDRS model descriptions were assigned to each fire event based on the fuel type and then
corresponding fuel loadings were assigned (WGA/WRAP, 2005). Estimates of the material
burned were derived by multiplying the number of acres burned by the assigned fuel loading
factor.
Table 3.7–1. Assigned NFDRS model categories, fuel loading factors, and material burned.
NFDRS Model Description
California Chaparral

Fuel Load
(tons/acre)
19.5

Intermediate Brush

15

Sagebrush Grass

4.5

Western Grasses (annual)

0.5

Attribute
acres burned
material burned (tons)
acres burned
material burned (tons)
acres burned
material burned (tons)
acres burned
material burned (tons)

Total acres burned
Total material burned (tons)

Ozone
NAA
187,364
3,653,600
3,088
46,320
24,178
108,799
7,935
3,968
204,950
3,747,112

Maricopa
County
187,864
3,663,350
81,446
1,221,690
34,163
153,736
12,447
6,224
315,921
5,044,999

Emission factors were obtained from the Western Regional Air Partnership's (WRAP) 2002 Fire
Emission Inventory (WGA/WRAP, 2005). Emission factors are listed below in Table 3.7–2.

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Table 3.7–2. Summary of emission factors for prescribed fire (lb/ton).
CO
Category
VOC
NOx
Prescribed fire (Non-Piled)
13.6
6.2
289

Annual emissions from wildfires in Maricopa County were calculated as follows.
Annual VOC emissions = material burned × emission factor (lbs/ton)
from wildfires in
2,000 lbs/ton
Maricopa County
= 5,044,999 tons of material burned × 13.60 lbs VOC/ton
2,000 lbs/ton
= 34,306 tons VOC/yr

Fire activity records included fire locations in latitude and longitude. This data was used to
determine the number of acres burned inside of the nonattainment area. Estimates of the material
burned were derived by multiplying the number of acres burned within the nonattainment area by
the assigned fuel loading factor. Annual emissions from wildfires within the nonattainment area
were then calculated by multiplying the material burned by the appropriate emission factor.
Annual VOC emissions = material burned within the ozone NAA × emission factor (lbs/ton)
from wildfires within
2,000 lbs/ton
the ozone NAA
=
3,747,112 tons of material burned × 13.6 lbs VOC/ton
2,000 lbs/ton
= 25,480.36 tons VOC/yr
Table 3.7–3. Annual emissions from wildfires (tons/yr).
Material Burned
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
(tons)
VOC
NOx
CO
Geographic area
Maricopa County
5,044,999
34,305.99
15,639.50
729,002.36
Ozone NAA
3,747,112
25,480.36
11,616.05
541,457.70

Season-day emissions were estimated by dividing ozone season emissions by the number of
ozone season burn days. In 2005, ninety-one burn days occurred during the ozone season.
Season day VOC emissions =
from wildfires in
Maricopa County

material burned during ozone season (tons) × VOC emission factor (lbs/ton)
number of ozone season burn days in 2005
=

=

1,540,444 × 13.6 lbs VOC/day
91 days/yr
230,220 lbs VOC/day

Table 3.7–4. Season-day emissions from wildfires (lbs/day).
Number of
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Burn Days
VOC
NOx
CO
Geographic area
298
Maricopa County
230,220.1 104,953.3 4,892,178.0
Ozone NAA
91
221,532.3 100,992.6 4,707,560.5

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3.7.1.2 Prescribed fires
Prescribed fires data were obtained from the United States Forest Service (USFS, 2006b). The
United States Forest Service reported that one prescribed fire occurred in Maricopa County in
2005. Three acres of piled fuels were burned in the Tonto National Forest on October 21, 2005.
The prescribed fire occurred within the ozone nonattainment area.
Prescribed fire emission factors were obtained from the Western Regional Air Partnership’s
(WRAP) 2002 Fire Emission Inventory (WGA/WRAP, 2005). The United States Forest Service
estimated the fuel loading. Both are listed in Table 3.7–5. Estimates of the material burned in
are derived by multiplying the number of acres burned by the appropriate fuel loading factor.
Table 3.7–5. Emission and fuel loading factors for prescribed fires.
Emission factors
Number Fuel loading
(lbs/ton burned)
of acres
factor
Type of fire
burned
(tons/acre)
CO
VOC NOx
Prescribed fire (piled fuels)
3
5.0
6.3
6.2
74.3

Annual emissions from prescribed fires in Maricopa County were calculated as follows.
Annual VOC emissions = acres burned × fuel loading factor × emission factor (lbs/ton)
from prescribed fires
2,000 lbs/ton
in Maricopa County
= 3 acres burned × 5.0 tons/acre × 6.3 lbs/ton
2,000 lbs/ton
= 0.05 tons VOC/yr

Because only one prescribe fire occurred in 2005 within the Tonto National Forest, which is
located inside of the ozone nonattainment area, emissions from prescribed fires within the
nonattainment area are equal to annual emissions for Maricopa County.
Because the prescribed fire occurred on October 21, 2005, and not during the ozone season,
season-day emissions from prescribed fires for Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment
area were determined to be zero.
Table 3.7–6. Annual and season-day emissions from prescribed fires.
Annual emissions
Season-day emission
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Maricopa County
0.05
0.05
0.56
0.0
0.0
0.0
Ozone NAA
0.05
0.05
0.56
0.0
0.0
0.0

3.7.1.3 Structure fires
2005 structure fire data were obtained by surveying fire departments in Maricopa County and by
querying Maricopa County’s burn permit data base. Approximately 50 percent of the fire departments surveyed responded to the survey. Because actual fire data was only collected for a
portion of the fire departments in Maricopa County, the number of structure fires reported were
scaled up to the entire inventory area based on population. The most recent population estimates
for Maricopa County were used to scale up the number of structure fires (DES, 2006). Five open
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burn permits were issued in 2005 for fire training; these were included in the total number of
estimated structure fires for 2005. It was estimated that 3,628 structure fires occurred in
Maricopa County in 2005.
Estimates of the material burned in a structure fire were determined by multiplying the number
of structure fires by a fuel loading factor of 1.15 tons of material per fire, which factors in percent structural loss and content loss (US EPA, 2001g). Tons of material burned were estimated
as follows:
Material burned in
structure fires (tons/yr)

= 3,628 fires

× 1.15 tons/fire

= 4,171.77 tons material burned/yr
Table 3.7–7. Estimated material burned, emission and fuel loading factors for structure fires.
Structure
Fuel loading
Material
Emission factors (lbs/ton)
fires reported
factor (tons/fire)
burned (tons)
CO
VOC
NOx
3,628
1.15
4,171.77
11
1.4
60

Annual emissions were then calculated by multiplying the amount of material burned by the
emission factors listed in Table 3.7–7 (from US EPA, 2001g), as follows:
Annual VOC emissions = Quantity of material burned × emission factor × unit conversion factor
from structure fires
Maricopa County
= 4,171.77 tons × 11 lbs/ton × (1 ton/2,000 lbs.)
= 22.94 tons VOC/yr

Annual emissions for the ozone nonattainment area were derived by multiplying Maricopa
County annual emissions by the percentage of total residential population within the
nonattainment area (100.52%), as shown in the example below. See Section 1.5.1 for a
discussion of the population data used.
Annual VOC emissions = Annual VOC emissions × Percentage residential
within the ozone NAA
for Maricopa County
population within the NAA
= 22.94 tons/yr

× 100.52%

= 23.06 tons VOC/yr

It was assumed that structure fires occur 7 days a week; however, structure fires vary seasonally
and may increase during cold weather. Because local season-specific data were not available
from the fire department surveys, seasonal occurrences of residential and non-residential
structure fires reported by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) were used to
derive a seasonal adjustment factor for the ozone season (US EPA, 2001g). FEMA reported that
20.9% of residential structure fires and 23.7% of non-residential structural fires occurred during
July, August, and September 1994. Thus, an average occurrence of 22.3% [(20.9% + 23.7%) ÷
2] was used as a seasonal adjustment factor to estimate ozone season-day emissions.
Ozone season-day emissions for Maricopa County were derived using the following formula:

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Season-day VOC emissions
from structure fires

=

annual VOC emissions (lbs) × seasonal adjustment factor
7 days/wk × 13 weeks/season

=

45,880 × 22.3%
91

= 112.4 lbs VOC/day
Table 3.7–8. Annual and season-day emissions from structure fires.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Maricopa County
22.94
2.92
125.15
112.5
14.3
613.4
Ozone NAA
23.06
2.94
125.80
113.0
14.4
616.6

3.7.1.4 Vehicle fires
2005 vehicle fire data were obtained by surveying fire departments in Maricopa County.
Approximately 50 percent of the fire departments surveyed responded to the survey. Because
actual fire data was only collected for a portion of the fire departments in Maricopa County, the
number of vehicle fires reported were scaled up to the entire inventory area based on population.
The most recent population estimates for Maricopa County were used to scale up the number of
vehicle fires (DES, 2006). It was estimated that 2,113 vehicle fires occurred in Maricopa County
in 2005.
Annual emissions from vehicle fires are calculated by first multiplying the number of vehicle
fires by a fuel loading factor per vehicle fire to estimate the annual amount of material burned in
vehicle fires (US EPA, 2000b). The amount of annual material burned in vehicle fires is then
multiplied by emission factors for open burning of automobile components from AP-42 as listed
in table 3.7–9 (US EPA, 1992).
Annual VOC emissions = annual number × fuel loading factor × emission factor × unit conversion factor
from vehicle fires
of vehicle fires
= 2,113

× 0.25 tons/vehicle

× 100 lbs/ton

× (1 ton / 2,000 lbs)

= 26.41 tons VOC/yr
Table 3.7–9. Estimated material burned, fuel loading factors, and emission factors for vehicle fires.
Vehicle fires
Fuel loading
Material
Emission factors (lbs/ton)
reported
factor (tons/fire)
burned (tons)
CO
VOC
NOx
2,113
0.25
528.25
32
4
125

Annual emissions for the ozone nonattainment area were derived by multiplying Maricopa
County annual emissions by the percentage of total residential population within the ozone
nonattainment area (100.52%). See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the population data used.
Annual VOC emissions
from vehicle fires in the
ozone NAA

= annual VOC emissions
for Maricopa County

× percentage of total residential population
within the ozone NAA

= 8.45 tons/yr

× 100.52%

= 8.49 tons/yr
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It is assumed that vehicle fires occur evenly throughout the year. Thus, ozone season-day emissions were derived
by dividing the Maricopa County and nonattainment area annual emissions by 365 days/year. The results are shown
in Table 3.7–10 below.
Table 3.7–10. Annual and season-day emissions from vehicle fires.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Maricopa County
8.45
1.06
33.02
46.3
5.8
180.9
Ozone NAA
8.50
1.06
33.19
46.6
5.8
181.9

3.7.1.5 Engine testing
Annual emissions from engine testing facilities were derived from annual emission reports from
permitted sources that were not considered point sources in this inventory. It was assumed that
there were no significant unpermitted sources within Maricopa County. Season-day emissions
were calculated based on operating schedule information provided in the facilities’ annual
emission reports.
Since all facilities considered in this section are located within the ozone nonattainment area,
total emission values for the county and the NAA are equal. Results are shown in Table 3.7–11.
Table 3.7–11. Annual and season-day emissions from engine testing.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Maricopa County
0.48
4.61
1.41
1.3
34.1
8.7
Ozone NAA
0.48
4.61
1.41
1.3
34.1
8.7

3.7.2

Health services

3.7.2.1 Hospitals
Emissions from hospitals were calculated by the “scaling up” method as described in EPA
emission inventory guidance (US EPA, 2001c). This method combines detailed emissions data
from a subset of sources, and county-level employment data from the US Census Bureau (2006a)
to develop a per-employee emission factor that is then used to estimate emissions from all
sources in an industry category.
The most recent data from the US Census’ County Business Patterns (CBP) for 2004
employment, were used. CBP employment data for NAICS code 662110 (general medical and
surgical hospitals) indicated 42,059 employees in this industry in Maricopa County.
This area-source employment estimate is used to “scale up” emissions reported from those
facilities surveyed in 2005 as follows:
Total area-source
emissions

= Emissions from surveyed area sources × Total area-source employment
Employment at surveyed area sources

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

77

Maricopa County, AZ

Area-source VOC
emissions from
hospitals

= 23.99 tons/yr
18,850 employees

× 42,059 employees

= 53.52 tons VOC/yr

Ozone season-day emissions are calculated in the same method as annual emissions, only using
surveyed daily emissions instead of annual totals. Annual and season-day emissions for the
ozone nonattainment area were calculated by multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals
by the percentage of population within the nonattainment area. (See Section 1.5.1 for a
discussion of the employment data used.)
VOC emissions from
= Annual Maricopa County
area-source hospitals
emissions
in the ozone NAA (tons/yr)
= 53.52 tons/yr

× NAA percentage of
population
× 100.11%

= 54.11 tons VOC/yr

Table 3.7–12 summarizes annual and season-day emissions from hospitals in both Maricopa
County and the ozone nonattainment area.
Table 3.7–12. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from hospitals.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Geographic area
Maricopa County
53.52
308.2
Ozone NAA
54.11
311.6

3.7.2.2 Crematories
Emissions from human and animal crematories were calculated from annual emissions inventory
reports from all crematories located within the county. It is assumed that there are no
unpermitted crematories in Maricopa County. Ozone season-day emissions were calculated
based on operating schedule information provided in the facilities annual emission reports. Since
all facilities considered in this section are located within the ozone nonattainment area, total
emission values for the county and the ozone NAA from crematories are equal.
Table 3.7–13. Annual and season-day emissions from crematories.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Geographic area
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Maricopa County
0.28
11.45
0.63
2.1
88.0
4.8
Ozone NAA
0.28
11.45
0.63
2.1
88.0
4.8

3.7.3

Accidental releases

As part of its air quality permit compliance program, MCAQD keeps an “upset log” for each
calendar year that records excess emissions and accidental releases at permitted facilities.
Annual emissions inventory reports also provide for recording of accidental releases. Data from
these two sources documented the release of 0.03 tons of VOC for the year 2005.

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

78

Maricopa County, AZ

Season-day emissions are calculated based on the whether the reported release occurred during
the ozone season. If emissions occurred during the ozone season, those emissions were summed
and divided by the number of days in the ozone season to produce season-day emissions. Emissions within the ozone nonattainment area are calculated based on locations of facilities that
reported releases. Results are shown in Table 3.7–14.
Table 3.7–14. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from accidental releases.
Geographic area
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Maricopa County
0.03
0.2
Ozone NAA
0.03
0.2

3.8

Summary of all area sources

Tables 3.8–1 and 3.8–2 summarize the total annual and average daily emissions from all area
sources addressed in this chapter, for both Maricopa County and the ozone NAA, respectively.
Table 3.8–1. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from all area sources in Maricopa County.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Category
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Fuel Combustion:
Industrial natural gas
15.61
308.43
192.24
83.0
1,639.6
1,022.0
Industrial fuel oil
249.89 3,443.60
738.24
1,633.1 22,505.1
4,824.6
Commercial/institutional natural gas
57.78 1,146.39
702.66
293.7
5,826.5
3,571.2
Commercial/institutional fuel oil
85.08 1,110.79
238.51
558.3
7,288.2
1,564.9
Residential natural gas
45.29
774.12
329.41
147.3
2,517.8
1,071.4
Residential wood
1,527.89
17.35 1,685.35
0.0
0.0
0.0
Residential fuel oil
0.03
0.66
0.18
0.0
0.0
0.0
Total, all fuel combustion:
1,981.59 6,801.33 3,886.59
2,715.4 39,777.1 12,054.1
Industrial Processes:
Chemical manufacturing
Commercial cooking
Bakeries
Secondary metal production
Mineral processes
Rubber/plastic product mfg.
Electrical equipment mfg.
State-permitted portable sources
Industrial processes, NEC
Total, all industrial processes:
Solvent Use:
Surface Coating:
–Architectural coatings
–Auto refinishing
–Traffic markings
–Factory-finished wood
–Wood furniture
–Aircraft
–Misc. surface coating
Total, all surface coating:

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

44.71
205.15
87.20
37.36
0.11
681.03
87.00
55.66
22.96
1,221.17

0.39

0.03
585.43

4.53

12.21

0.01
554.60
4.58
564.11

0.17
176.52
3.96
778.32

10,914.36
3,580.86
416.34
190.82
892.03
51.94
369.04
16,415.40

343.9
1,127.2
670.7
208.0
0.6
5,238.7
478.0
647.4
151.0
8,865.6

3.0

0.2
3,216.7

24.0

64.4

0.1
5,377.5
26.5
5,431.1

0.9
1,357.8
25.7
4,665.7

79,159.1
27,545.1
4,227.5
1,405.6
6,870.4
378.6
2,834.9
122,421.2

79

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 3.8–1. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from all area sources in Maricopa County
(continued).
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Category
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Degreasing
662.35
4,528.7
Dry cleaning
21.19
162.4
Graphics arts
208.71
1,477.9
Misc. industrial solvent use
31.81
221.5
Agricultural pesticides
261.74
818.6
Consumer/ commercial solvent use
14,819.09
81,200.5
Asphalt application
1,681.23
9,259.4
Total, all solvent use:
34,101.52
220,090.2
Storage/Transport:
Bulk plants and terminals
VOL storage/transport
Fuel delivery
Trucks in transit
Station losses
Vehicle refueling
Total, all storage/transport:
Waste Treatment/Disposal:
On-site incineration
Open burning
Landfills
Publicly owned treatment works
Leaking underground storage tanks
Other waste treatment/disposal
All waste treatment/disposal:
Miscellaneous Area Sources:
Wildfires
Prescribed fires
Structure fires
Vehicle fires
Engine testing
Hospitals
Crematories
Accidental releases
Total, all miscellaneous sources:
Total, all area sources:

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

26.35
17.10
317.55
58.81
784.07
1,105.30
2,309.17

0.07
34.09
6.81
614.03
3.92
10.56
669.48

138.6
126.5
2,050.1
379.6
4,338.8
6,498.6
13,532.1

2.54
15.16
6.50

0.46
322.54
8.42

4.15
28.35

14.57
346.00

0.3
191.8
37.0
4,723.3
120.6
58.2
5,131.3

18.0
85.2
35.5

3.4
1,809.9
46.2

22.8
161.5

80.1
1,939.6

34,305.99 15,639.50 729,002.36 230,220.1 104,953.3
0.05
0.05
0.56
0.0
0.0
22.94
2.92
125.15
112.5
14.3
8.45
1.06
33.02
46.3
5.8
0.48
4.61
1.41
1.3
34.1
53.52
308.2
0.28
11.45
0.63
2.1
88.0
0.03
0.2
34,391.76 15,659.58 729,163.13 230,690.8 105,095.5
74,674.69 23,053.36 734,174.04 481,025.3 150,465.3

80

4,892,178.0
0.0
613.4
180.9
8.7
4.8
4,892,985.9
4,911,645.3

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 3.8–2. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from all area sources within the ozone NAA.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Category
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Fuel Combustion:
Industrial natural gas
15.46
305.44
190.37
82.2
1,623.7
1,012.0
Industrial fuel oil
247.47
3,410.20
731.08
1,617.3 22,286.8
4,777.8
Commercial/institutional natural gas
57.70
1,144.67
701.60
293.2
5,817.7
3,565.9
Commercial/institutional fuel oil
84.96
1,109.13
238.15
557.4
7,277.2
1,562.6
Residential natural gas
45.53
778.14
331.12
148.1
2,530.8
1,077.0
Residential wood
1,535.84
17.44
1,694.12
0.0
0.0
0.0
Residential fuel oil
0.03
0.66
0.18
0.0
0.0
0.0
Total, all fuel combustion:
1,986.98
6,765.66
3,886.63
2,698.2 39,536.4 11,995.3
Industrial Processes:
Chemical manufacturing
Commercial cooking
Bakeries
Secondary metal production
Mineral processes
Rubber/plastic product mfg.
Electrical equipment mfg.
State-permitted portable sources
Industrial processes, NEC
Total, all industrial processes:
Solvent Use:
Surface Coating:
–Architectural coatings
–Auto refinishing
–Traffic markings
– Factory-finished wood
–Wood furniture
–Aircraft
–Misc. surface coating
Total, all surface coating:
Degreasing
Dry cleaning
Graphics arts
Misc. industrial solvent use
Agricultural pesticides
Consumer/ commercial solvent use
Asphalt application
Total, all solvent use:
Storage/Transport:
Bulk plants and terminals
VOL storage/transport
Fuel delivery
Trucks in transit
Station losses
Vehicle refueling
Total, all storage/transport:

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

44.28
207.40
86.35
37.36
0.11
674.42
87.00
55.66
22.96
1,215.54

0.38

0.03
591.87

4.53

12.21

0.01
554.6
4.53
564.05

0.17
176.52
3.95
784.75

340.6
1,139.6
664.2
208.0
0.6
5,187.8
478.0
647.4
151.0
8,817.3

11,034.45
3,620.38
420.92
188.97
883.38
51.94
365.46
16,565.50
655.93
21.19
206.69
31.50
69.62
14,982.14
1,731.47
34,264.03

80,030.1
27,849.0
4,273.8
1,392.0
6,803.8
378.6
2,807.4
123,534.6
4,484.7
162.4
1,463.5
219.4
255.3
82,093.9
9,534.9
221,748.8

26.25
17.10
317.55
58.81
784.07
1,105.30
2,309.17

138.6
126.5
2,050.1
379.6
4,338.8
6,498.6
13,532.1

81

2.9

0.2
3,252.0

24.0

64.4

0.1
5,377.5
26.3
5,430.8

0.9
1,357.8
25.6
4,701.0

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 3.8–2. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from all area sources within the ozone NAA
(continued).
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Category
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Waste Treatment/Disposal:
On-site incineration
0.07
2.54
0.46
0.3
18.0
3.4
Open burning
20.66
9.19
195.41
122.9
54.6
1,160.2
Landfills
6.81
6.50
8.42
37.0
35.5
46.2
Publicly owned treatment works
620.78
4,775.3
Leaking underground storage tanks
3.92
120.6
Other waste treatment/disposal
10.56
4.15
14.57
58.2
22.8
80.1
All waste treatment/disposal:
662.81
22.38
218.87
5,114.3
130.9
1,289.8
Miscellaneous Area Sources:
Wildfires
Prescribed fires
Structure fires
Vehicle fires
Engine testing
Hospitals
Crematories
Accidental releases
Total, all miscellaneous sources:
Total, all area sources:

3.9

25,480.36
0.05
23.06
8.50
0.48
54.11
0.28
0.03
25,566.88
66,005.41

11,616.05 541,457.70 221,532.3 100,992.6 4,707,560.5
0.05
0.56
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.94
125.80
113.0
14.4
616.6
1.06
33.19
46.6
5.8
181.9
4.61
1.41
1.3
34.1
8.7
311.6
11.45
0.63
2.1
88.0
4.8
0.2
11,636.15 541,619.29 222,007.1 101,135.0 4,708,372.4
18,988.24 546,509.54 473,917.9 146,233.0 4,726,358.5

Quality assurance / quality control procedures

Quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) activities for the area source emissions inventory
were driven by the goal of creating a comprehensive, accurate, representative and comparable
inventory of area source emissions for Maricopa County and the nonattainment area. During
each step of creating, building and reviewing the area source emissions inventory, quality checks
and assurances were performed to establish confidence in the inventory structure and data.
Area source categories were selected for inclusion in the inventory based on the latest Emission
Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP) guidance available. EPA’s guidance for area source
categories included in the draft 2002 National Emission Inventory (NEI) was also evaluated, as
area source emissions from this inventory will be submitted to EPA for the 2005 NEI. The list of
area source categories developed based on these guidance documents was modified to fit the
characteristics of Maricopa County, with some area source categories determined to be insignificant (such as industrial coal combustion and oil and gas production). The 2002 Maricopa
County Periodic Ozone and Carbon Monoxide Emission Inventories and other regional emission
inventories were also consulted to confirm the completeness of the area source categories chosen
for inclusion.
Data for area source emission calculations were gathered from a wide universe of resources.
Whenever applicable, local surveyed data (such as annual emissions report) was used as this data
best reflects activity in the county and the nonattainment area. When local data was not available, state data from Arizona State agencies (such as the Arizona Department of Transportation)
and regional bodies (such as the Western Regional Air Partnership [WRAP]) were used.
National level data (such as the US Census Bureau) was used when no local, state or regional

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

82

Maricopa County, AZ

data was available. In addition, the most recent EIIP guidance for area sources was consulted for
direction in determining the most relevant data source for use in emissions calculations.
Emissions calculations for area sources were performed by three air quality planners and one unit
manager. All area source emission estimates were calculated in spreadsheets to ensure the calculations could be verified and reproduced. Whenever possible or available, the “preferred
method” described in the most recent EIIP guidance documents for area sources was used to
calculate emissions. Emissions were estimated using emission factors from EIIP guidance, AP42, and local source testing. Local seasonal and activity data were used when available, with
EPA and EIIP guidance used when no local seasonal or activity data existed. All calculations
were evaluated to ensure that emissions from point sources were not being double-counted and to
determine if rule effectiveness applied.
Once area source emission estimates had been produced, several quality control checks were
performed to substantiate the calculations. Most area source calculations were peer-reviewed by
two other planners, with all area sources being reviewed by at least one other planner. Peer
review ensured that all emission calculations were reasonable and could be reproduced. Sensitivity analyses and computational method checks were performed on area sources when emissions seemed to be outside the expected ranges. When errors were found, the appropriate
changes were made by the author of the calculations to ensure consistency of the emissions
calculations. The peer-reviewed emissions estimates were combined into a draft area source
chapter. This draft chapter was read through in its entirety by the unit manager and the three air
quality planners for final review, with any identified errors corrected by the author of the section.
The draft version of the area source chapter was sent to the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, the Arizona Department of Transportation, and the Maricopa Association of
Governments for a quality assurance review. These agencies provided comments which were
addressed and incorporated into the final area source chapter. Further quality analysis was
performed by inputting the emission estimates into EPA’s “QA/QC basic format and content
checker”, prior to submitting the data to the 2005 NEI.
The QA/QC activities described here have produced high levels of confidence in the area source
emissions estimates detailed in this chapter, and represent the best efforts of the inventory
preparers.

3.10

References

ADEQ, 2007. Number of LUSTs in Maricopa Co., May 31, 2007, phone call with Nick
Giuntoli, Arizona Dept. of Environmental Quality, Leaking Underground Storage Tank
Section, 602-771-4289.
ADOC, 2006. Heating Degree Days: Phoenix. Internet address:
http://www.azcommerce.com/doclib/ENERGY/ Degreedays.pdf.
ADOT, 2006. 2005 Monthly Gasoline Sales Tax Reports, Arizona Department of Transportation, 2006.
ADOT, 2007. Arizona Department of Transportation Highway Performance Monitoring System
(HPMS), Daily Vehicle-Miles of Travel (VMT) by County with Population Estimates for the

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

83

Maricopa County, AZ

Year Ended December 31, 2005. Internet address:
http://tpd.azdot.gov/data/reports/vmt2005.php
ASLD, 2006a. June 28, 2006, email containing fire data for Maricopa County for 2005 from
WildCAD, from Jeff Herweg, Office of State Forester, Forestry Division, Arizona State Land
Department, 1110 West Washington Street, Suite 100, Phoenix, AZ.
ASLD, 2006b. December 19, 2006, telephone conversation with Jeff Herweg, Office of State
Forester, Forestry Division, Arizona State Land Department, 1110 West Washington Street,
Suite 100, Phoenix, AZ.
Asphalt Institute, 2007. February 26, 2007, e-mail from Linda Allin, Chief Financial Officer,
Asphalt Institute, lallin@asphaltinstitute.org.
Harris InfoSource, 2003. Selectory CD-ROM Database of Arizona Businesses. March 2003.
MAG, 2004. Phone conversation with Roger Roy, Maricopa Association of Governments, April
14, 2004, 602-452-5023.
MAG, 2007a. 2005 Periodic Emissions Inventory for PM10, Chapter 5 Onroad Mobile Sources,
Table 5.2-1 2005 VMT by vehicle class for Maricopa County, prepared by Maricopa
Association of Governments, 2007.
MAG, 2007b. E-mail message, May 16, 2007, Taejoo Shin (tshin@mag.maricopa.gov),
Maricopa Association of Governments.
MCAQD, 2006. Personal communications with George Mills, Dust Compliance Division,
MCAQD, and Dena Konopka, MCAQD, November 2006.
MCESD, 1993. 1990 Base Year Ozone Emission Inventory for Maricopa County, Arizona,
Nonattainment Area, Draft Submittal, Maricopa County Environmental Quality &
Community Services Agency, March 1993.
MCESD, 1999. 1999 Periodic Ozone Emissions Inventory for the Maricopa County, Arizona
Nonattainment Area, Maricopa County Environmental Services Department, Rev. Aug.
2002.
Tchobanoglous, G., 1979. Wastewater Engineering: Treatment, Disposal, and Reuse. McGrawHill Science/Engineering/Math, (New York/New York). 1979.
US Census Bureau, 2006a. 2004 County Business Patterns (NAICS). Internet address:
http://censtats.census.gov/cgi-bin/cbpnaic/cbpsel.pl
US Census Bureau, 2006b. 2005 American Community Survey, Table B25117: Tenure by
House Heating Fuel for Maricopa County and Arizona State. Internet address:
http://factfinder.census.gov
US Census Bureau, 2006c. Current Industrial Reports: Paint and Allied Products. US Census
Rep. MA325F(02)-1. Internet address: http://www.census.gov/industry/1/ma325f02.pdf.
US Census Bureau, 2008. Population, Population change and estimated components of
population change: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2007 (NST-EST2007-alldata). Internet address:
http://www.census.gov/popest/datasets.html
USDA, 2007. E-mail message, June 19, 2007, Linda Hoffman
(Linda_Hoffman@nass.usda.gov), USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service, Arizona
Field Office.
US DOE, 2006a. US Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration. Adjusted
Sales for Commercial Use: Distillate Fuel Oil, Residual Fuel Oil, and Kerosene, 2005 (Table
20).
US DOE, 2006b. US Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration. Adjusted
Sales for Industrial Use: Distillate Fuel Oil, Residual Fuel Oil, and Kerosene, 2005 (Table
21).
2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

84

Maricopa County, AZ

US DOE, 2006c. US Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration. State Energy
Data 2000 Consumption Tables, Table 8–Residential Energy Consumption Estimates, 1960–
2003, Arizona. Internet address: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/states/sep_use/
res/use_res_az.html
US EPA, 1991. Compilation of Air Pollution Emission Factors (AP-42). Fifth Edition, Volume
I Chapter 4: Evaporation Loss Sources 4.2.1 Nonindustrial Surface Coating. September
1991. Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/ch04/final/c4s02_1.pdf
US EPA, 1992. Compilation of Air Pollution Emission Factors (AP-42). Volume I: Stationary
Point and Area Sources. Fifth ed. Chapter 2: Solid Waste Disposal, 2.5 Open Burning. US
EPA, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park, NC.
US EPA, 1995a. Architectural Surface Coating. Emission Inventory Improvement Program
(EIIP) Vol. III, Chap. 1. Nov. 1995. Prepared by Eastern Research Group, Inc. for the Area
Source Committee, EIIP. Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/
volume03/archsfc.pdf
US EPA, 1995b. Compilation of Air Pollution Emission Factors (AP-42). Fifth Edition,
Volume I, Chapter 5: Petroleum Industry, 5.2, Transportation and Marketing of Petroleum
Liquids. Jan. 1995. Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/ch05/final/
c05s02.pdf
US EPA, 1996. Commercial and Consumer Solvent Use. Emission Inventory Improvement
Program (EIIP) Vol. III, Chap. 5. August 1996. Prepared by Eastern Research Group, Inc.
for the Area Source Committee, EIIP. Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/ttnchie1/eiip/
techreport/volume03/iii05.pdf.
US EPA, 1997. Traffic Markings. Emission Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP) Vol. III,
Chap. 14. May 1997. Prepared by Eastern Research Group, Inc. for the Area Source
Committee, EIIP. Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/ttnchie1/eiip/techreport/volume03/
iii14.pdf
US EPA, 1998. Compilation of Air Pollution Emission Factors (AP-42). Fifth Addition, Volume
1, Chapter 1: External Combustion Sources. Natural Gas Combustion. Internet address:
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/ch01/final/c01s04.pdf
US EPA, 2000a. Asphalt Roofing Kettles. Emission Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP)
Vol. III, Area Source Method Abstracts. September 2000. Internet address:
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/asphalt.pdf
US EPA, 2000b. Vehicle Fires. Emission Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP) Vol. III, Area
Source Method Abstracts. May 2000. Internet address:
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/vehclf13.pdf
US EPA, 2001a. Asphalt Paving. Emission Inventory, Improvement Program (EIIP) Vol. III,
Chapter 17. Revised Final, Jan. 2001. Prepared by the Eastern Research Group, Inc. for the
Area Source Committee, EIIP. Internet address:
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/iii17_apr2001.pdf
US EPA, 2001b. Gasoline Marketing (Stage I and Stage II). Emissions Inventory Improvement
Program (EIIP) Vol. III, Chap 11. Revised Final, January 2001. Prepared by Eastern
Research Group, Inc. for the Area Source Committee, EIIP. Internet address:
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/iii11_apr2001.pdf
US EPA, 2001c. Introduction to Area Source Emission Inventory Development. Emission
Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP) Vol. III, Chapter 1. Revised Final. January 2001.
Prepared by Eastern Research Group, Inc. for the Area Source Committee, EIIP. Internet
address: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/iii01_apr2001.pdf
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US EPA, 2001d. Leaking Underground Storage Tanks. Emission Inventory Improvement
Program Vol. III, Area Source Method Abstract. May 2001. Internet address:
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/ust2_dec2000.pdf
US EPA, 2001e. Pesticides-Agricultural and Nonagricultural. Emission Inventory Improvement
Program (EIIP) Vol. III, Chapter 9. Revised Final, June 2001. Prepared by Eastern research
Group, Inc. for the Area Source Committee, EIIP. Internet address:
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/iii09_jun2001.pdf
US EPA, 2001f. Residential Wood Combustion. Emission Inventory Improvement Program
(EIIP) Vol. III, Chap. 2. Revised Final, January 2001. Prepared by Eastern Research Group,
Inc. for the Area Source Committee, EIIP. Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/
eiip/techreport/volume03/iii02_apr2001.pdf
US EPA, 2001g. Structure Fires. Emission Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP) Vol. III,
Chap. 18. Revised Final, Jan. 2001. Prepared by Eastern Research Group, Inc. for the Area
Sources Committee, EIIP. Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/
volume03/iii18_apr2001.pdf
US EPA, 2001h. Uncontrolled Emission Factor Listing for Criteria Air Pollutants. Emission
Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP) Vol. II, Chap. 14. July, 2001. Prepared by Eastern
Research Group, Inc. for the Point Sources Committee, EIIP. Internet address:
http://www.epa.gov/ttnchie1/eiip/techreport/volume02/ii14_july2001.pdf
US EPA, 2006. Documentation for the 2002 Preliminary Nonpoint Source National Emission
Inventory for Criteria and Hazardous Air Pollutants (Feb. 2006 Version). Prepared by E.H.
Pechan & Associates, Inc. for Emission Factor and Inventory Group. Internet
address:ftp://ftp.epa.gov/EmisInventory/2002finalnei/documentation/nonpoint/2002nei_final
_nonpoint_documentation0206version.pdf.
USGS, 2006. United States Geological Survey GeoMAC Wildland Fire Support database.
Internet address: http://geomac.usgs.gov/
USFS, 1993. Pers. Commun. with Cliff Dills, US Forest Service, Payson Ranger Station, Payson
AZ.
USFS, 2006a. National Fire and Aviation Management Web Applications, Historical Incident
ICS-209 Reports. Internet address: http://famweb.nwcg.gov/?display=text
USFS, 2006b. July 24, 2006, e-mail from Mark Fitch, US Forest Service,
Fitch.Mark@azdeq.gov.
WGA/WRAP, 2005. 2002 Fire Emission Inventory for the WRAP Region – Phase II. Western
Governors Association/Western Regional Air Partnership, prepared by Air Science, Inc.
Project 178-6, July 22, 2005. pp. 48–51. Internet address: http://www.wrapair.org/forums/
fejf/tasks/FEJFtask7PhaseII.html.

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4.

Nonroad Mobile Sources

4.1

Introduction

Nonroad mobile sources are defined as those that move or are moved within a 12-month period and
are not licensed or certified as highway vehicles. Nonroad mobile sources are vehicles and engines
that fall under the following categories:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

Agricultural equipment, such as tractors, combines and balers;
Airport ground support equipment, such as baggage tugs and terminal tractors;
Commercial equipment, such as generators and pumps;
Industrial equipment, such as forklifts and sweepers;
Construction and mining equipment, such as graders, back hoes and trenchers;
Lawn and garden equipment, such as leaf blowers and lawn mowers;
Logging equipment (not present in Maricopa County);
Pleasure craft, such as power boats and personal watercraft;
Railway maintenance equipment, such as rail straighteners;
Recreational equipment, such as all-terrain vehicles and off-road motorcycles;
Underground mining and oil field equipment (not present in Maricopa County);
Aircraft, such as jet and piston engines; and
Locomotives, such as switching and line haul trains.

Emission calculations for all nonroad mobile sources except aircraft, airport ground support
equipment and locomotives are derived from EPA’s NONROAD2005 model (Core version 2005a,
Feb. 2006). Aircraft and airport ground support equipment emission calculations were derived from
individual surveys of county airports. Locomotive emission calculations were derived from surveys
of the 3 railroad companies that have operations in the county (Burlington Northern Santa Fe, Union
Pacific and Amtrak).
County specific temperature and fuel-related inputs are required for the operation of the
NONROAD2005 model. Monthly temperature and fuel data were provided by the Arizona State
Weights and Measures Department. The following table lists the local county inputs used:
Table 4.1–1. NONROAD2005 model county temperature and fuel-related inputs.
Max
Min
Average
Fuel RVP
Diesel Sulfur
Gasoline Sulfur
(°F)
(°F)
(°F)
(psi)
(ppm)
(ppm)
Month
January
81
41
57.8
9
354
39
February
72
46
59.2
9
318
43
March
88
46
63.9
9
303
29
April
96
53
72.3
8
301
39
May
109
60
82.7
7
299
43
June
114
71
90.4
7
286
84
July
116
79
97.3
6
260
45
August
113
72
92.2
7
287
40
September
108
70
89.6
7
314
37
October
101
58
78.3
8
339
30
November
90
40
66.3
9
364
34
December
78
35
56.8
9
389
30
Note: All other required temperature and fuel-related inputs not listed assumed NONROAD2005 default values.

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The US EPA recommends adjusting default NONROAD2005 model values (such as equipment
population, activity levels of equipment, growth factors, etc.) where local data is available, as the
default values in the model are derived from national averages. The NONROAD2005 model defaults
were adjusted in the following manner:
•

Equipment population numbers and activity levels for commercial lawn and garden
equipment were adjusted based on 2003 survey results of the commercial lawn and garden
industry performed by ENVIRON as part of an inventory developed to study the impact of
visibility impairing pollutants (ENVIRON et al., 2003). Survey results show that for most
categories of lawn and garden equipment, the equipment populations for Maricopa County are
significantly lower than EPA default values, while the average annual hours of operation for
most equipment types are slightly higher than EPA's values. Using these new local data
results is a considerable decrease in emissions from this category, compared with earlier
results using EPA default data.

Spatial allocation factors were developed (based on EPA guidance documents) to apportion nonroad
emissions to the ozone nonattainment area. The approaches used are described in each section of this
chapter.
Temporal allocations (used to calculate ozone season-day emissions) for nonroad equipment
categories modeled in the NONROAD2005 model come from EPA recommendations on weekday
and weekend day activity levels for each nonroad equipment category (US EPA, 1999). Table 4.1–2
below lists the weighted activity level allocation fractions for each equipment class for weekdays and
weekend days. For this report, the most conservative (highest) allocation fraction in each nonroad
equipment class was used to calculate season-day emissions.
Table 4.1–2. Default weekday and weekend day activity allocation fractions.
Equipment category
Weekday
Weekend day
Agricultural
0.1666667
0.0833334
Airport ground support
0.1428571
0.1428571
Commercial
0.1666667
0.0833334
Construction and mining
0.1666667
0.0833334
Industrial
0.1666667
0.0833334
Lawn and garden (residential)
0.1111111
0.2222222
Lawn and garden (commercial)
0.1600000
0.1000000
Logging
0.1666667
0.0833334
Pleasure craft
0.0600000
0.3500000
Railway maintenance
0.1800000
0.0500000
Recreational
0.1111111
0.2222222

4.2

Agricultural equipment

Annual emissions from agricultural equipment in Maricopa County were calculated using EPA’s
NONROAD2005 model, as discussed above. Ozone nonattainment area annual emissions were
calculated based on EIIP guidance (US EPA, 2002) which recommends using the ratio of agricultural
land inside the nonattainment area (223,627 acres) to agricultural land inside the county (465,833
acres). See Section 1.5.2 for a discussion of land-use data used.

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Ozone nonattainment area emissions = County VOC emissions
from agricultural equipment
= 53.31 tons

× Agricultural land-use allocation factor
× 64.37%

= 34.32 tons VOC /yr

County season-day emissions were calculated by multiplying ozone season emissions (generated by
the NONROAD2005 model) by the most conservative weekday/weekend day activity allocation
factor for agricultural equipment listed in Table 4.1–2, and dividing the product by the number of
weeks (13) in the ozone season (US EPA, 1999), as follows:
Maricopa County VOC = Ozone season × 2,000
season-day emissions
VOC emissions (lb/ton)
(lbs/day)
(tons/season)
= 17.67

× 2,000

× daily activity allocation factor
for agricultural equipment
expressed as (week/day)

÷ 13
(weeks/season)

× 0.166667

÷ 13

= 453.1 lbs/day

Ozone nonattainment area season-day emissions were calculated by multiplying County season-day
emissions by the agricultural land-use allocation factor:
Ozone nonattainment area = Maricopa County VOC
season-day emissions
season-day emissions
= 453.1 lbs/day

×

Agricultural land-use allocation factor

×

64.37%

= 291.7 lbs/day
Table 4.2–1. Annual and season-day emissions from agricultural equipment.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Geographic area
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Maricopa County
53.31
386.34
417.85
453.1
3,226.3
3,707.9
Ozone NAA
34.32
248.69
268.97
291.7
2,076.8
2,386.8

4.3

Airport ground support equipment

Annual emissions from airport ground support equipment (GSE) were calculated based on the MAG
Airport Emission Model. Activity data on aircraft operations was obtained through the Federal
Aviation Administration website for eight towered airports in Maricopa County. Since all eight
towered airports are in the ozone nonattainment area, NAA emission estimates are equal to Maricopa
County totals.
Table 4.3–1. Annual and season-day emissions from airport ground support equipment.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Geographic area
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Maricopa County
137.28
467.82
5,944.39
752.2
2,563.4 32,572.0
Ozone NAA
137.28
467.82
5,944.39
752.2
2,563.4 32,572.0

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4.4

Commercial equipment

Annual emissions from commercial equipment in Maricopa County were calculated using EPA’s
NONROAD2005 model, as described in Section 4.1. Annual emissions for the ozone nonattainment
area for this category were derived by applying the ratio of industrial employment in the nonattainment area to Maricopa County-level totals, as data on the number of wholesale establishments
recommended by EIIP guidance (US EPA, 2002) was not available. See Section 1.5.1 for a
discussion of the industrial employment data used.
County season-day emissions were calculated by multiplying Maricopa County ozone season emissions (generated by the NONROAD2005 model) by the most conservative weekday/weekend day
activity allocation factor for commercial equipment (0.1666667) listed in Table 4.1–2, and dividing
the product by the number of weeks (13) in the ozone season (US EPA, 1999). Ozone nonattainment
area season-day emissions were calculated based on industrial employment ratios as described above.
Table 4.4–1. Annual and season-day emissions from commercial equipment.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Geographic area
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Maricopa County
2,339.70
1,449.72 54,941.52
17,907.0
8,553.8 410,503.5
Ozone NAA
2,331.28
1,444.50 54,743.73
17,842.5
8,523.0 409,025.7

4.5

Construction and mining equipment

Annual emissions from construction and mining equipment in Maricopa County were calculated
using EPA’s NONROAD2005 model as described in Section 4.1. Annual emissions for the ozone
nonattainment area for this category were derived by applying the ratio of population in the
nonattainment area to Maricopa County-level totals as a conservative estimate, as the EIIPrecommended allocation factor of total dollar value of construction was unavailable (US EPA, 2002).
See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the population data used.
County season-day emissions were calculated by multiplying Maricopa County ozone season
emissions (generated by the NONROAD2005 model) by the most conservative weekday/weekend
day activity allocation factor for construction/mining equipment (0.1666667) listed in Table 4.1–2,
and dividing the product by the number of weeks (13) in the ozone season (US EPA, 1999). Ozone
nonattainment area season-day emissions were calculated based on population ratios as described
above.
Table 4.5–1. Annual and season-day emissions from construction and mining equipment.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Geographic area
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Maricopa County
2,690.85 16,016.62 23,667.21
18,840.1 108,785.6 177,261.9
Ozone NAA
2,720.45 16,192.81 23,927.55
19,047.3 109,982.3 179,211.8

4.6

Industrial equipment

Annual emissions from industrial equipment in Maricopa County were calculated using EPA’s
NONROAD2005 model, as described in Section 4.1. Annual emissions for the ozone nonattainment
area for this category were derived by applying the ratio of industrial employment in the
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nonattainment area to Maricopa County-level totals as a conservative estimate, as the number of
employees in manufacturing recommended by EIIP guidance (US EPA, 2002) was not available. See
Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the industrial employment data used.
County season-day emissions were calculated by multiplying Maricopa County ozone season
emissions (generated by the NONROAD2005 model) by the most conservative weekday/weekend
day activity allocation factor for industrial equipment (0.1666667) listed in Table 4.1–2, and dividing
the product by the number of weeks (13) in the ozone season (US EPA, 1999). Ozone nonattainment
area season-day emissions were calculated based on industrial employment ratios as described above.
Table 4.6–1. Annual and season-day emissions from industrial equipment.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Geographic area
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Maricopa County
772.17
3,316.67
13,597.40
5,035.6
21,109.0
90,844.8
Ozone NAA
769.39
3,304.73
13,548.45
5,017.5
21,033.0
90,517.8

4.7

Lawn and garden equipment

Annual emissions from lawn and garden equipment in Maricopa County were calculated using EPA’s
NONROAD2005 model, as described in Section 4.1. These results reflect new equipment population
and usage estimates from survey work done in early 2003 for the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality (discussed further in Section 4.1). Annual emissions for the ozone nonattainment area
for this category were derived by applying the ratio of population in the nonattainment area to
Maricopa County-level totals, since housing units was not available, as recommended by EIIP
guidance (US EPA, 2002). See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the population data used.
County season-day emissions were calculated by multiplying Maricopa County ozone season emissions (generated by the NONROAD2005 model) by the most conservative weekday/weekend day
activity allocation factor for lawn and garden equipment (0.1600000 for the commercial segment,
0.2222222 for residential) listed in Table 4.1–2, and dividing the product by the number of weeks
(13) in the ozone season (US EPA, 1999). Ozone nonattainment area season-day emissions were
calculated based on population as described above.
Table 4.7–1. Annual and season-day emissions from lawn and garden equipment.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Geographic area
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Maricopa County
6,586.38
843.10
101,879.34 74,053.0
6,409.9
1,085,431.7
Ozone NAA
6,658.83
852.37
103,000.01 74,867.6
6,480.4
1,097,371.4

4.8

Pleasure craft

Annual emissions from pleasure craft equipment in Maricopa County were calculated using EPA’s
NONROAD2005 model, as described in Section 4.1. Annual emissions for the ozone nonattainment
area for this category were derived by applying the ratio of water surface area in the nonattainment
area to Maricopa County-level totals, as recommended by EIIP guidance (US EPA, 2002). See
Section 1.5.2 for a discussion of the land-use data used.

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County season-day emissions were calculated by multiplying Maricopa County ozone season emissions (generated by the NONROAD2005 model) by the most conservative weekday/weekend day
activity allocation factor for pleasure craft (0.350000) listed in Table 4.1–2, and dividing the product
by the number of weeks (13) in the ozone season (US EPA, 1999). Ozone nonattainment area
season-day emissions were calculated based on water surface area as described above.
Table 4.8–1. Annual and season-day emissions from pleasure craft equipment.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Geographic area
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Maricopa County
809.50
70.58
1,748.83 17,294.9 1,347.2 40,149.6
Ozone NAA
809.50
70.58
1,748.83 17,294.9 1,347.2 40,149.6

4.9

Railway maintenance equipment

Annual emissions from railway maintenance equipment in Maricopa County were calculated using
EPA’s NONROAD2005 model, as described in Section 4.1. Annual emissions for the ozone
nonattainment area for this category were derived by applying the ratio of population in the
nonattainment area to Maricopa County-level totals, as recommended by EIIP guidance (US EPA,
2002). See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the population data used.
County season-day emissions were calculated by multiplying Maricopa County ozone season emissions (generated by the NONROAD2005 model) by the most conservative weekday/weekend day
activity allocation factor for railway maintenance equipment (0.1800000) listed in Table 4.1–2, and
dividing the product by the number of weeks (13) in the ozone season (US EPA, 1999). Ozone
nonattainment area season-day emissions were calculated based on the population ratio as described
above.
Table 4.9–1. Annual and season-day emissions from railway maintenance equipment.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Geographic area
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Maricopa County
2.32
9.27
28.38
16.8
63.9
221.4
Ozone NAA
2.35
9.37
28.69
17.0
64.6
223.8

4.10

Recreational equipment

Annual emissions from recreational equipment in Maricopa County were calculated using EPA’s
NONROAD2005 model, as described in Section 4.1. Annual emissions for the ozone nonattainment
area for this category were derived by applying the ratio of passive open space, golf courses and
vacant land use in the nonattainment area to Maricopa County-level totals as recommended by EIIP
guidance (US EPA, 2002). See Section 1.5.2 for a discussion of the land use data used.
County season-day emissions were calculated by multiplying Maricopa County ozone season emissions (generated by the NONROAD2005 model) by the most conservative weekday/weekend day
activity allocation factor for recreational equipment (0.2222222) listed in Table 4.1–2, and dividing
the product by the number of weeks (13) in the ozone season (US EPA, 1999). Ozone nonattainment
area season-day emissions were calculated based on land use as described above.

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Table 4.10–1. Annual and season-day emissions from recreational equipment.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Geographic area
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Maricopa County
1,416.44
59.99 10,675.34
16,532.4
535.5 135,733.8
Ozone NAA
911.28
38.59
6,868.11
10,636.3
344.5
87,326.0

4.11

Aircraft

A survey of 17 airports in Maricopa County was conducted to collect data on the total number of
landing and take-off operations (LTO’s) as well as fleet mix to determine the types of aircraft used
and idle times to calculate annual emissions. Of these airports, three locations (Gila Bend Municipal
Airport, Gila Bend Air Force Auxiliary Field and Wickenburg Municipal Airport) are outside of the
nonattainment area.
For airports that provided complete survey data, the FAA’s latest airport Emissions and Dispersion
Modeling Software (EDMS 4.5) was used to calculate emissions. Parameters required to apply this
model include annual LTO figures, fleet mix of types of aircraft in each activity category, and
average taxi-in and taxi-out times.
For those airports that provided only partial data, the EDMS model could not be used to calculate
emissions for that specific airport. Instead, emission factors from similar airports that provided
complete information was used. Examples of missing data were detailed fleet mix data or unknown
idle times. For airports that did not respond to the survey, LTO figures, taxi-in/taxi-out times and
aircraft types were derived from online databases that provide detailed aeronautical information on
airports at http://www.transtats.bts.gov, http:// www.apo.data.faa.gov and http://www.airnav.com.
The following provides an example of how aircraft emissions were calculated using the FAA’s
EDMS modeling software for Skyranch at Carefree, a small, general-aviation only airport that has an
ordinance mandate that the airport can only accept aircraft that weigh 12,500 lbs or less. Since the
EDMS model requires an exact LTO value for each airframe considered in the model, and since the
survey did not require respondents to supply exact LTO counts for each individual airframe, an
averaging method was used. EDMS was run to produce a composite emission factor for an airport
based on the most common type of aircraft using that facility and then that composite emission factor
was applied to the actual reported activity for the airport. For Skyranch, a composite profile was
created by selecting within EDMS 12 aircraft types likely to utilize the airport, based on data
provided by the airport survey and follow-up correspondence. These 12 aircraft types are: Cessna
150, Comanche, Robin R 2160, Socata Tampico, Cessna 172 Skyhawk, Piper PA-28, Robin R 3000,
Socata Tobago, Cherokee six, Robin DR 400, Rockwell Commander, and Spencer S-12 Air Car.
The EDMS model was run with the above 12 aircraft types and for ease of calculation, each aircraft
was allocated 1000 LTO/year. It was then necessary to divide the lbs/LTO result by the 12
representative aircraft used to derive an emission factor for an “average” aircraft LTO. Table 4.11–1
summarizes the activity level for each aircraft category for each airport surveyed as well as the
emission factor for each pollutant.

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Table 4.11–1. 2005 airport activity data, emission calculation methods, and emission factors.
Airport name
Activity
2005
Lbs/LTO
category
LTOs
VOC
NOx
Arizona Army National Guard 2
ML
1,080
2.899
2.251
Buckeye Municipal Airport 2
GA
21,457
2.008
1.412
Chandler Municipal Airport 4
AT
1,370
2.137
2.036
GA
116,158
2.008
1.412
ML
28
9.841
4.243
AC
24
1.275
26.34
Falcon Field 2
AT
4,098
2.137
2.036
GA
128,835
0.617
1.214
ML
2,136
9.841
4.243
ML
31,003
0.465
4.174
Gila Bend Air Force Auxiliary Field 1,2
Gila Bend Municipal Airport 1,3
GA
6,935
0.617
1.214
Glendale Municipal Airport 4
AT
935
2.137
2.036
GA
65,438
0.617
1.214
ML
62
9.841
4.243
ML
59,500
6.424 14.327
Luke Air Force Base 2
Phoenix Deer Valley Airport 4
AT
2,293
2.137
2.036
GA
186,231
0.617
1.214
ML
30
9.841
4.243
AC
172
1.275
26.34
Phoenix Goodyear Airport 4
AT
1,893
2.137
2.036
GA
46,440
0.617
1.214
ML
2,005
9.841
4.243
AC
204,856
5.431 16.889
Phoenix Sky Harbor Int'l. 4
AT
48,118
2.174
5.494
GA
20,670
2.008
1.412
ML
1,447
27.986 35.936
GA
14,096
0.045
0.354
Pleasant Valley Airport 2
Scottsdale Airport 2
AT
5,903
2.137
2.036
GA
100,164
2.008
1.412
ML
155
9.841
4.243
GA
2,248
0.278
0.046
Skyranch at Carefree 2
Stellar Airpark 2
GA
19,528
0.617
1.214
AT
485
2.137
2.036
Wickenburg Municipal Airport1
GA
23,059
0.617
1.214
ML
728
9.841
4.243
AC
450
1.275
26.34
Williams Gateway Airport 4
AT
3,874
2.137
2.036
GA
128,310
0.617
1.214
ML
5,689
40.954
19.82
1. Airport is outside the nonattainment area.
2. Data reported from source.
3. No data reported from source. Data derived from http://www.airnav.com
4. No data reported from source. Data derived from http://www.apo.data.faa.gov/main/atads.asp

CO
3.458
8.567
14.437
8.567
27.098
6.208
14.437
4.564
27.098
4.82
4.564
14.437
4.564
27.098
26.727
14.437
4.564
27.098
6.208
14.437
4.564
27.098
23.897
14.862
8.567
59.645
0.724
14.437
8.567
27.098
18.171
4.564
14.437
4.564
27.098
6.208
14.437
4.564
75.111

For example, the model run with the 12 aircraft types resulted in total NOx emissions of 0.277 tons
(assuming each of the 12 aircraft types had 1000 LTOs each during the period).
Composite NOx emission
factor (lb/LTO)

= Σ modeled NOx emissions (tons/yr) × 1 yr / 12,000 LTOs × 2,000 lb/ton
= 0.046 lb NOx /LTO

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

94

Maricopa County, AZ

This composite emission factor was then multiplied by the actual number of LTOs at the airport to
derive an annual NOx emissions total:
NOx emissions (lb/ yr)

= 2,248 LTO/yr × 0.046 lb NOx /LTO
= 103.4 lb NOx /yr

Table 4.11–2 lists the total annual emissions and ozone season-day emissions, for each airport and
aircraft type. For all airports, activity is presumed to occur evenly over a 7-day week. To develop
seasonal allocation factors, Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport’s distribution of LTO’s for air
carrier activity was used. Seasonal activity for the ozone season (July–September) is thus calculated
as (17,578 + 17,784 + 16,882 ÷ 204,856 = 25%).
Table 4.11–2. Annual and ozone season-day emissions by airport and aircraft type.
Tons/yr
VOC
NOx
CO
1.57
1.22
1.87
21.54
15.15
91.91
1.46
1.39
9.89
116.62
82.01
497.56
0.14
0.06
0.38
Falcon Field
0.02
0.32
0.07
4.38
4.17
29.58
39.75
78.20
294.00
10.51
4.53
28.94
Glendale Municipal Airport
1.00
0.95
6.75
20.19
39.72
149.33
0.31
0.13
0.84
Luke Air Force Base
191.11
426.23
795.13
Phoenix Deer Valley Airport.
2.45
2.33
16.55
57.45
113.04
424.98
0.15
0.06
0.41
Phoenix Goodyear Airport
0.11
2.27
0.53
2.02
1.93
13.66
14.33
28.19
105.98
9.87
4.25
27.17
Phoenix Sky Harbor Int'l.
556.29 1,729.91 2,447.72
52.30
132.18
357.56
20.75
14.59
88.54
20.25
26.00
43.15
Pleasant Valley Airport
0.32
2.49
5.10
Scottsdale Airport
6.31
6.01
42.61
100.56
70.72
429.05
0.76
0.33
2.10
Skyranch at Carefree
0.31
0.05
20.42
Stellar Airpark
6.02
11.85
44.56
Williams Gateway Airport
0.29
5.93
1.40
4.14
3.94
27.96
39.58
77.88
292.80
116.49
56.38
213.65
1,419.35 2,944.42 6,512.18
Ozone nonattainment area totals:
1. AC = air carrier, GA = general aviation, AT = air taxi, ML = military.
Facility
Arizona Army Natl. Guard
Buckeye Municipal Airport
Chandler Municipal Airport

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

Category1
ML
GA
AT
GA
ML
AC
AT
GA
ML
AT
GA
ML
ML
AT
GA
ML
AC
AT
GA
ML
AC
AT
GA
ML
GA
AT
GA
ML
GA
GA
AC
AT
GA
ML

95

Lbs/day
VOC
NOx
CO
8.6
6.7
10.3
118.4
83.2
505.0
8.0
7.7
54.3
640.8
450.6 2,733.9
0.8
0.3
2.1
0.1
1.7
0.4
24.1
22.9
162.5
218.4
429.7 1,615.4
57.7
24.9
159.0
5.5
5.2
37.1
110.9
218.2
820.5
1.7
0.7
4.6
1,050.1
2,341.9 4,368.8
13.5
12.8
90.9
315.7
621.1 2,335.1
0.8
0.3
2.2
0.6
12.4
2.9
11.1
10.6
75.1
78.7
154.9
582.3
54.2
23.4
149.3
3,056.5
9,505.0 13,449.0
287.4
726.3 1,964.6
114.0
80.2
486.5
111.3
142.9
237.1
1.7
13.7
28.0
34.7
33.0
234.1
552.6
388.5 2,357.4
4.2
1.8
11.5
1.7
0.3
112.2
33.1
65.1
244.9
1.6
32.6
7.7
22.7
21.7
153.7
217.5
427.9 1,608.8
640.1
309.8 1,173.9
7,798.6 16,178.1 35,781.2

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 4.11–2 (continued). Annual and ozone season-day emissions, by airport and aircraft type.
Airports outside the nonattainment area:
Gila Bend AF Auxiliary Field
ML
7.21
64.70
74.72
39.6
355.5
410.5
Gila Bend Municipal Airport
GA
2.14
4.21
15.83
11.8
23.1
87.0
Wickenburg Municipal Airport
AT
0.52
0.49
3.50
2.8
2.7
19.2
GA
7.11
14.00
52.62
39.1
76.9
289.1
ML
3.58
1.54
9.86
19.7
8.5
54.2
1,439.91 3,029.37 6,668.71 7,911.6 16,644.9 36,641.3
Maricopa County totals:
1. AC = air carrier, GA = general aviation, AT = air taxi, ML = military.

4.12

Locomotives

Annual emissions from locomotives were calculated based on diesel fuel usage provided by
Burlington Northern/Santa Fe Railway (BNSF), Union Pacific Railway (UP) and Amtrak. Railway
operations from these companies fall into two categories: Class I haul lines and yard/switching
operations. Annual emissions from Class I haul operations and yard/switching operations were
calculated by multiplying diesel fuel usage by the emission factors listed in Table 4.12–1 (US EPA,
1997).
Table 4.12–1. Emission factors for locomotives.
Emission factors (lbs/gal diesel)
Activity type
NOx
CO
VOC
Class I haul line
0.022
0.595
0.059
Yard/switch operations
0.046
0.798
0.084

The example below illustrates how emissions were calculated for each locomotive activity type. Fuel
use reported by railroads, and emission totals are summarized in Table 4.12–2.
VOC emissions from = Diesel fuel used (gals) × EPA emission factor (lbs/gal) ÷ 2,000 lbs/ton
UP Class I haul lines
for VOC
= 7,598,448 gallons

× 0.022 lbs/gal

÷ 2,000 lbs/ton

= 83.58 tons VOC/yr
Table 4.12–2. Fuel use and annual emissions from locomotives in Maricopa County.
Diesel fuel
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Locomotive type
used (gals)
CO
VOC
NOx
BNSF Class I haul line
1,089,969
11.99
324.27
32.15
UP Class I haul line
7,598,448
83.58
2,260.54
224.15
BNSF yard/switch operations
500,000
11.50
199.50
21.00
UP yard/switch operations
415,740
9.56
165.88
17.46
Amtrak
17,000
0.19
5.06
0.50
Totals:
9,621,157
116.82
2,955.24
295.27

Ozone nonattainment area emissions were calculated by multiplying Maricopa County emissions by
the percentage of track miles inside the ozone nonattainment area, determined by GIS mapping.
Results are shown in Table 4.12–3.

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Maricopa County, AZ

Table 4.12–3. Annual emissions (in tons/yr) from locomotives in the ozone NAA.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Track in
nonattainment
Locomotive type
area (%)
CO
VOC
NOx
BNSF Class I haul line
60.65%
7.27
196.67
19.50
UP Class I haul line
60.65%
50.69
1,371.02
135.95
BNSF yard/switch operations
100.00%
11.50
199.50
21.00
UP yard/switch operations
100.00%
9.56
165.88
17.46
Amtrak
6.98%
0.01
0.35
0.04
Totals:
79.04
1,933.42
193.95

Ozone season-day emissions for both the county (shown in Table 4.12–4) and the ozone
nonattainment area (Table 4.12–5) were calculated by dividing annual totals by 365 days per year, as
locomotive activity is assumed to be uniform throughout the year.
Ozone season-day
= Annual VOC emissions (tons) × 2,000 lbs/ton
emissions from haul lines
= 95.57 tons VOC/yr
× 2,000 lbs/ton

÷ 365 days
÷ 365 days

= 523.7 lbs VOC/day
Table 4.12–4. Season-day emissions (in lbs/day) from locomotives in Maricopa County and the ozone NAA.
Maricopa County
Ozone nonattainment area
Locomotive type
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
BNSF Class I haul line
65.7
1,776.8
176.2
39.8
1,077.6
106.9
UP Class I haul line
458.0 12,386.5
1,228.2
277.8
7,512.4
744.9
BNSF yard/switch operations
63.0
1,093.2
115.1
63.0
1,093.2
115.1
UP yard/switch operations
52.4
908.9
95.7
52.4
908.9
95.7
Amtrak
1.0
27.7
2.7
0.1
1.9
0.2
Totals:
640.1 16,193.1
1,617.9
433.1 10,594.1
1,062.7

4.13

Summary of all nonroad mobile source emissions

Table 4.13–1 summarizes annual and daily emissions of VOC, NOx, and CO from nonroad mobile
sources in Maricopa County respectively. Table 4.13–2 shows annual and season-day emissions for
these pollutants for the ozone nonattainment area.
Table 4.13–1. Annual and season-day emissions from nonroad mobile sources in Maricopa County.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Category
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Agricultural
53.31
386.34
417.85
453.1
3,226.3
3,707.9
Airport ground support
137.28
467.82
5,944.39
752.2
2,563.4
32,572.0
Commercial
2,339.70
1,449.72
54,941.52
17,907.0
8,553.8
410,503.5
Construction & mining
2,690.85
16,016.62
23,667.21
18,840.1
108,785.6
177,261.9
Industrial
772.17
3,316.67
13,597.40
5,035.6
21,109.0
90,844.8
Lawn & garden
6,586.38
843.10 101,879.34
74,053.0
6,409.9 1,085,431.7
Pleasure craft
809.50
70.58
1,748.83
17,294.9
1,347.2
40,149.6
Railway maintenance
2.32
9.27
28.38
16.8
63.9
221.4
Recreational
1,416.44
59.99
10,675.34
16,532.4
535.5
135,733.8
Aircraft
1,439.91
3,029.37
6,668.71
7,911.6
16,644.9
36,641.3
Locomotives
116.82
2,955.24
295.27
640.1
16,193.1
1,617.9
Totals:
16,364.68
28,604.72 219,864.25 159,436.9
185,432.6 2,014,685.9

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Maricopa County, AZ

Table 4.13–2. Annual and season-day emissions from nonroad mobile sources in the ozone NAA.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Category
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Agricultural
34.32
248.69
268.97
291.7
2,076.8
2,386.8
Airport ground support
137.28
467.82
5,944.39
752.2
2,563.4
32,572.0
Commercial
2,331.28
1,444.50
54,743.73
17,842.5
8,523.0
409,025.7
Construction & mining
2,720.45
16,192.81
23,927.55
19,047.3
109,982.3
179,211.8
Industrial
769.39
3,304.73
13,548.45
5,017.5
21,033.0
90,517.8
Lawn & garden
6,658.83
852.37 103,000.01
74,867.6
6,480.4
1,097,371.4
Pleasure craft
809.50
70.58
1,748.83
17,294.9
1,347.2
40,149.6
Railway maintenance
2.35
9.37
28.69
17.0
64.6
223.8
Recreational
911.28
38.59
6,868.11
10,636.3
344.5
87,326.0
Aircraft
1,419.35
2,944.42
6,512.18
7,798.6
16,178.1
35,781.2
Locomotives
79.04
1,933.42
193.95
433.1
10,594.1
1,062.7
Totals:
15,873.05
27,507.30 216,784.87 153,998.8
179,187.3
1,975,628.9

4.14

Quality assurance procedures

Established procedures were used to check, and correct when necessary, the nonroad mobile sources
emissions estimates. All NONROAD model input and output files, and Excel spreadsheets used to
calculate the emissions, were checked by personnel who were not involved in the development of the
modeling inputs/outputs and spreadsheets. In addition, the emissions estimates were reviewed for
reasonableness by external agency staff.

4.15

References

ENVIRON et al., 2003. Maricopa County 2002 Comprehensive Emission Inventory for the Cap and
Trade Oversight Committee, Final Rep. prepared for Arizona Dept. of Environmental Quality,
Oct. 9, 2003.
ERG, 2001. Documentation for the Draft 1999 Base Year Aircraft, Commercial Marine Vessels, and
Locomotive National Emissions Inventory for Criteria and Hazardous Air Pollutants. Prepared by
Eastern Research Group, Morrisville, NC for the US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Air Quality Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park, NC, Oct. 29, 2001. Internet
address: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eidocs/partllsec4.pdf
US EPA, 2002. Geographic Allocation of State Level Nonroad Engine Population Data to the County
Level. EPA Office of Transportation and Air Quality, Rep. EPA420-P-02-009, July. Internet
address: http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models/nonrdmdl/p02009.pdf
US EPA, 1999. Weekday and Weekend Day Temporal Allocation of Activity in the NONROAD
Model. EPA Office of Transportation and Air Quality, Rep. EPA420-P-99-033, March. Internet
address: http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models/nonrdmdl/p99033.pdf
US EPA, 1998. National Air Pollutant Emission Trends Procedures Document, 1900-1996. Office of
Air Quality Planning and Standards, Rep. EPA-454/R-98-008, Research Triangle Park, NC. May.
US EPA, 1997. Emission Factors for Locomotives. Office of Mobile Sources. Techn. Highlights,
(Table 9) Rep. EPA420-F-97-051, Dec. 1997. Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/otaq/
regs/nonroad/locomotv/frm/ 42097051.pdf

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Maricopa County, AZ

5.
5.1

Onroad Mobile Sources
Introduction

The Maricopa Association of Governments (MAG) prepared the onroad mobile source emission
estimates for the 2005 periodic ozone precursor emissions inventory for the eight-hour ozone
Nonattainment Area (NAA) and for Maricopa County. Emission estimates were developed for both
an ozone season-day and an annual total for 2005.
Emission estimates were calculated for the following eight vehicle classes: light duty gas vehicles
(LDGV), light duty gas trucks of gross vehicle weight under 6000 pounds (LDGT1/LDGT2;
LDGT12) and over 6000 pounds (LDGT3/LDGT4; LDGT34), heavy duty gas vehicles (HDGV),
light duty diesel vehicles (LDDV), light duty diesel trucks (LDDT), heavy duty diesel vehicles
(HDDV), and motorcycles (MC). Emission factors for these vehicle classes were calculated using
MOBILE6.2, which is the latest version in a series of models developed by the US Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) for the purpose of estimating motor vehicle emission factors. The
calculated emission factors were multiplied by the estimates of vehicle miles of travel (VMT) to
generate emission estimates for onroad mobile sources.
The main references for preparing the onroad mobile source emissions inventory were as follows:
Emission Inventory Requirements for Carbon Monoxide State Implementation Plans, EPA-450/4-91011 (US EPA, 1991).
Procedures for Emission Inventory Preparation Volume IV: Mobile Sources, EPA-450/4-81-026d
(US EPA, 1992a).
Technical Guidance on the Use of MOBILE6 for Emission Inventory Preparation (US EPA, 2002).
User's Guide to MOBILE6.1 and MOBILE6.2 (Mobile Source Emission Factor Model), EPA420-R03-010 (US EPA, 2003).

5.2

Vehicle miles of travel (VMT) estimation

MAG prepared 2005 VMT estimates for the eight-hour ozone NAA and Maricopa County. The
source of data for these estimates is the 2005 Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS) data
from the Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT) (http://tpd.azdot.gov/data/reports/
vmt2005.php) and the 2005 traffic assignment prepared by MAG using the EMME/2 travel demand
model.
ADOT only prepares HPMS data for Maricopa County and the PM10 NAA. MAG derived the 2005
VMT for the eight-hour ozone NAA from the 2005 HPMS VMT for the PM10 NAA and the 2005
MAG EMME/2 traffic assignment. The output of the traffic assignment was evaluated using GIS to
obtain the traffic assignment VMT for the PM-10 NAA and the eight-hour ozone NAA. The 2005
VMT for the eight-hour ozone NAA was obtained by multiplying the 2005 HPMS VMT for the PM10 NAA by the ratio of those traffic assignment VMTs (the eight-hour ozone NAA to the PM-10
NAA). The calculation details are presented as follows:

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Maricopa County, AZ

2005 HPMS VMT for the
PM10 NAA (HPMSPM10)

= 83,013,000 miles/day

2005 traffic assignment VMT
for the PM10 NAA (EMME2PM10)

= 86,054,855 miles/day

2005 traffic assignment VMT for
the eight-hour ozone NAA (EMME2O3)

= 87,644,885 miles/day

2005 VMT for the eight-hour ozone NAA = HPMSPM10 ×

EMME 2 O3
EMME 2 PM 10

= 83,013,000 miles/day ×

87,644,885
86,054,855

= 84,546,826 miles/day

The distribution of VMT by facility type for the eight-hour ozone NAA and Maricopa County was
obtained by multiplying the VMT fraction from the 2002 HPMS by functional system (ADOT,
2003), which was provided by Michael Wade of ADOT in 2004, by the 2005 HPMS VMT for
Maricopa County and the estimated 2005 VMT for the eight-hour ozone NAA. The VMT estimates
by facility type for the eight-hour ozone NAA and Maricopa County are shown in Table 5.2-1.
Table 5.2–1. 2005 daily VMT by facility type (annual average daily traffic).
Eight-hour
ozone NAA
Maricopa County
(miles/day)
(miles/day)
Facility Type
Rural Interstate
3,304,702
3,333,633
Rural Other Principal Arterial
1,885,611
1,902,118
Rural Minor Arterial
883,629
891,364
Rural Major Collector
2,569,302
2,591,796
Rural Minor Collector
293,011
295,576
Rural Local
587,171
592,311
Urban Interstate
11,406,738
11,506,599
Urban Other Freeway/Expressway
15,858,203
15,997,036
Urban Other Principal Arterial
20,129,266
20,305,490
Urban Minor Arterial
12,009,995
12,115,138
Urban Collector
7,171,295
7,234,077
Urban Local
8,447,903
8,521,861
Total
84,546,826
85,287,000

5.3

Speed estimation

The average daily vehicle speeds were developed from several sources representing the latest
planning assumptions for 2005. To develop speed estimates for all facility types, except local
roadways, speeds were extracted from the latest 2005 travel demand model run provided by the MAG
Transportation Group in July 2006. As for the speed of local roadways, MOBILE6.2 assumes a
speed of 12.9 miles per hour for local roadways. Table 5.3-1 presents average daily speeds used in
the MOBILE6.2 runs.

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Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.3–1. Average daily speeds for the 2005 periodic emissions inventory.
Average Daily Speed
HPMS Facility Type
(mph)
Rural Principal Arterial – Interstate
58.0
Rural Principal Arterial – Other
29.4
Rural Minor Arterial
29.4
Rural Major Collector
26.9
Rural Minor Collector
26.9
Rural Local
12.9
Urban Principal Arterial – Interstate
50.1
Urban Freeway and Expressway
49.3
Urban Principal Arterial – Other
28.8
Urban Minor Arterial
28.8
Urban Collector
22.1
Urban Local
12.9

5.4

Monthly VMT factors

In the development of annual emissions totals for this inventory, emission factor estimates were
prepared separately for each month, with month-specific meteorological and fuel data. Since average
daily VMT varies by month, and the number of days in each month varies, these monthly average
emission factors were weighted to more appropriately represent an annual average emission factor.
Average daily VMT adjustment factors were developed from the 1998 MAG Regional Congestion
Study (MAG, 2000) and these adjustment factors for each month are presented in Table 5.4–1.
Similarly, the conversion of annual average day traffic to the three months of the peak ozone season
utilized the monthly VMT factors listed below.
These factors indicate, as an example, that an average day in February has three percent more traffic
than an average month, while an average day in June has one percent less traffic than an average day.
Table 5.4–1. Average daily VMT adjustment factors by month.
Average daily VMT
Average daily VMT
Month
estimate factor
Month
estimate factor
January
0.98
July
0.96
February
1.03
August
0.96
March
1.04
September
0.98
April
1.04
October
1.02
May
0.99
November
1.00
June
0.99
December
1.02

The same monthly factors were used to convert the annual average daily traffic estimates from the
HPMS system to reflect an average day during the peak ozone season. The peak ozone season
reflects the three consecutive months when peak ozone concentrations occur. For consistency with
the 2002 periodic ozone precursors inventory, the three consecutive months selected were July
through September, 2005, in accordance with EPA guidance (US EPA, 1991). Average daily VMTs
during the 2005 peak ozone season for the eight-hour ozone NAA and Maricopa County are
presented in Table 5.4-2.

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5.5

Emission factor estimation

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and carbon monoxide (CO) vehicle
emission factors were calculated using MOBILE6.2. MOBILE6.2 is the latest version in a series of
models developed by the US EPA for the purpose of estimating motor vehicle emission factors. The
resulting emission factors were combined with VMT estimates to produce total emission estimates
for onroad vehicles. The MOBILE6.2 runs were executed by the Maricopa Association of Governments. The contact person for the MOBILE6.2 emission estimates is Ieesuck Jung (602-254-6300).
In order to calculate vehicle emission factors for 2005 annual average day and peak ozone season,
two MOBILE6.2 runs reflecting vehicles registered locally (subject to the I/M program) and those not
registered locally (not participating in the I/M program) were executed using month specific fuel and
temperature data for each month of the year and during the three-month period of July through
September, respectively.
Table 5.4–2. Average daily VMT during 2005 peak ozone season for the eight-hour ozone NAA and Maricopa
County (July–September 2005).
Eight-hour
ozone NAA
Maricopa County
(miles/day)
Facility Type
(miles/day)
Rural Interstate
3,198,388
3,226,389
Rural Other Principal Arterial
1,824,950
1,840,926
Rural Minor Arterial
855,202
862,689
Rural Major Collector
2,486,647
2,508,416
Rural Minor Collector
283,584
286,067
Rural Local
568,281
573,256
Urban Interstate
11,039,777
11,136,426
Urban Other Freeway/Expressway
15,348,037
15,482,403
Urban Other Principal Arterial
19,481,697
19,652,252
Urban Minor Arterial
11,623,627
11,725,388
Urban Collector
6,940,591
7,001,353
Urban Local
8,176,130
8,247,708
Total
81,826,911
82,543,273

5.5.1

Emission factor model

The emission factors estimated from the MOBILE6.2 runs were combined to reflect the actual
proportions of vehicles subject to the specified levels of inspection. The term “I/M vehicles” denotes
vehicles which are required to undergo an emission test and/or inspection under the Arizona Vehicle
Inspection/Maintenance (I/M) Program. It is important to note that participation in the I/M program
is required for all vehicles registered in the NAA, with the exception of certain model year and
vehicle classes. However, it is assumed that of the vehicles which are of an age and type subject to
an I/M program, only 91.6 percent of the vehicles operating within the NAA participate in the I/M
program. The remaining 8.4 percent do not participate in the program. These percentages reflect the
control measures “Tougher Registration Enforcement” and “Expansion of Area A Boundaries”,
described in the 2007 Eight-Hour Ozone Plan for the Maricopa County Nonattainment Area (MAG,
2007). In the absence of any additional data, this percentage split is assumed to apply directly to
VMT as well.

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

102

Maricopa County, AZ

5.5.2

MOBILE6.2 inputs

In order to accurately reflect the state of the I/M program in the modeling area, several MOBILE6.2
runs were performed and the emission factors from those runs were weighted together. The specific
model run inputs to the MOBILE6.2 model are described in Appendix 5.

5.5.3

MOBILE6.2 outputs

MOBILE6.2 was executed with the inputs described above to obtain composite emission factors in
grams per mile (g/mi) for VOC, NOx, and CO. These values were obtained for the eight vehicle
classes described in section 5.1 for the twelve facility types. The emission factors generated for 2005
are presented in Appendix 5. These values were subsequently used in developing emission estimates.

5.5.4

MOBILE6.2 emission estimates

MOBILE6.2 was used to generate onroad emission factors and a VMT mix by vehicle class and
facility type. Daily VMTs (DVMTs) for an annual average day (Table 5.2–1) and for the peak ozone
season (Table 5.4–2) were then multiplied by the VMT mix by vehicle class and the appropriate
ozone precursor emission factor (Appendix 5) to estimate emissions. VMT mix refers to the fraction
of total onroad vehicle miles of travel by a particular vehicle type.
Tables 5.5–1 and 5.5-2 show the calculated annual and ozone season-day VOC, NOx, and CO
emissions by facility type and vehicle class in the eight-hour ozone NAA and Maricopa County,
respectively.

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

103

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–1. Annual and ozone season-day onroad mobile source emissions by facility type and vehicle class in the
eight-hour ozone NAA.
Annual (tons/year)
Ozone season day (lbs/day)
Facility
Vehicle
SCC
Type
Class
VOC
VOC
NOx
CO
NOx
CO
LDGV
2201001110
453.5
419.4
6,288.3
2,377.0
2,374.9
34,484.0
LDGT12
2201020110
416.7
439.3
6,011.5
2,172.4 24,339.8
31,728.7
LDGT34
2201040110
183.0
220.0
2,556.5
968.2
1,210.2
13,506.1
Rural
HDGV
2201070110
40.7
236.4
450.6
221.2
1,242.2
2,773.0
Interstate MC
2201080110
892.7
26.4
10.2
132.5
138.1
49.7
9.1
LDDV
2230001110
0.6
2.3
1.8
3.4
12.2
LDDT
2230060110
1.8
5.2
3.4
9.8
28.0
18.6
HDDV
2230070110
40.7
2,037.2
250.8
214.8 10,806.8
1,311.3
LDGV
2201001130
303.9
225.2
2,655.0
1,543.3
1,303.8
13,638.1
LDGT12
2201020130
275.5
230.7
2,667.9
1,434.5
1,289.2
13,339.4
Rural
LDGT34
2201040130
122.0
117.6
1,139.0
646.3
652.1
5,764.7
Other
HDGV
2201070130
32.8
108.4
240.7
174.7
569.7
1,481.0
Principal MC
2201080130
14.6
4.1
55.2
76.6
20.1
368.4
Arterial
2230001130
0.5
0.8
1.1
2.4
4.3
5.6
LDDV
2230060130
1.3
1.8
2.1
7.0
9.8
11.4
LDDT
2230070130
36.3
647.5
167.4
191.4
3,433.5
875.7
HDDV
LDGV
2201001150
142.4
105.5
1,244.2
723.3
611.0
6,391.1
LDGT12
2201020150
129.1
108.1
1,250.3
672.2
604.1
6,251.1
LDGT34
2201040150
57.1
55.1
533.7
302.9
305.6
2,701.4
Rural
HDGV
2201070150
15.3
50.8
112.8
81.9
266.9
694.0
Minor
MC
2201080150
6.8
1.9
25.9
35.9
9.4
172.7
Arterial
2230001150
0.2
0.4
0.5
1.1
2.0
2.6
LDDV
2230060150
0.6
0.9
1.0
3.3
4.6
5.3
LDDT
2230070150
17.0
303.4
78.5
89.7
1,609.0
410.4
HDDV
LDGV
2201001170
425.9
314.8
3,626.9
2,156.6
1,827.6
18,583.2
LDGT12
2201020170
384.4
320.6
3,638.3
2,001.4
1,793.3
18,117.1
LDGT34
2201040170
170.4
163.3
1,555.5
903.1
906.4
7,845.0
Rural
HDGV
2201070170
47.6
144.9
359.3
253.5
761.1
2,211.3
Major
MC
2201080170
20.3
5.5
80.9
106.9
27.0
540.9
Collector
2230001170
0.7
1.1
1.5
3.4
5.9
7.9
LDDV
9.9
13.6
16.2
LDDT
2230060170
1.8
2.5
3.0
281.1
4,773.1
1,309.0
HDDV
2230070170
53.2
900.2
250.2
LDGV
2201001190
246.0
208.4
2,119.3
48.6
35.9
413.7
LDGT12
228.2
204.5
2,066.1
2201020190
43.8
36.6
415.0
LDGT34
2201040190
19.4
18.6
177.4
102.9
103.3
894.7
Rural
HDGV
2201070190
5.4
16.5
41.0
28.9
86.8
252.2
Minor
MC
2201080190
2.3
0.6
9.2
12.2
3.1
61.6
Collector
2230001190
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.7
0.9
LDDV
1.1
1.6
1.8
LDDT
2230060190
0.2
0.3
0.3
32.1
544.4
149.2
HDDV
2230070190
6.1
102.6
28.6
LDGV
2201001210
136.9
93.7
956.3
648.6
557.1
4,941.9
LDGT12
2201020210
120.2
90.9
929.9
615.8
512.6
4,595.3
LDGT34
2201040210
53.6
46.0
403.9
281.0
256.9
2,023.3
Rural
HDGV
2201070210
19.2
29.4
172.8
99.1
154.2
1,063.4
Local
MC
2201080210
5.8
1.1
33.9
31.0
5.3
229.9
2230001210
0.2
0.3
0.5
1.1
1.7
2.7
LDDV
2230060210
0.6
0.7
1.0
3.2
4.0
5.5
LDDT
2230070210
20.3
264.5
116.4
107.4
1,403.8
608.6
HDDV

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

104

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–1. Annual and ozone season-day onroad mobile source emissions by facility type and vehicle class in the
eight-hour ozone NAA (continued).
Annual (tons/year)
Ozone season day (lbs/day)
Facility
Vehicle
SCC
Type
Class
VOC
VOC
NOx
CO
NOx
CO
LDGV
2201001230
1,614.9 1,403.7 20,137.1
8,425.4
7,965.3 108,883.7
LDGT12
2201020230
1,485.7 1,466.9 19,424.8
7,721.2
8,104.1 101,212.6
LDGT34
2201040230
654.4
738.6
8,255.2
3,455.2
4,046.5
43,166.2
Urban
HDGV
2201070230
146.0
769.8
1,219.3
792.1
3,999.1
7,504.0
Interstate
MC
2201080230
1,594.9
81.1
30.0
242.3
422.6
138.6
29.9
LDDV
2230001230
2.3
6.1
5.8
11.8
31.3
LDDT
2230060230
6.4
13.5
11.2
34.5
71.8
60.8
HDDV
2230070230
146.3 5,458.7
754.2
772.9 28,555.2
3,945.8
LDGV
2201001250
2,254.1 1,945.2 27,773.3 11,756.0 11,046.2 149,927.0
LDGT12
2201020250
2,073.3 2,032.3 26,812.8 10,772.1 11,226.4 139,523.3
Urban
LDGT34
2201040250
913.3 1,024.2 11,397.2
4,822.0
5,611.8
59,526.2
Other
HDGV
2201070250
204.4 1,063.5
1,668.6
1,107.3
5,525.5
10,266.1
Freeway
MC
2201080250
112.7
41.0
336.8
587.4
189.4
2,217.3
and
2230001250
3.2
8.3
8.0
16.5
42.5
41.5
LDDV
Expressway
2230060250
8.9
18.4
15.6
48.1
97.5
84.3
LDDT
HDDV
2230070250
204.9 7,436.3
1,041.4
1,080.8 38,896.8
5,447.9
LDGV
2201001270
3,265.1 2,418.2 28,359.4 16,571.9 14,062.9 145,600.1
LDGT12
2201020270
2,957.0 2,474.2 28,482.5 15,394.6 13,768.6 142,272.1
Urban
LDGT34
2201040270
1,309.6 1,260.3 12,166.0
6,938.6
6,968.3
61,510.3
Other
HDGV
2201070270
354.9 1,152.7
2,624.2
1,892.6
5,988.9
16,151.1
Principal
MC
2201080270
157.0
44.1
599.3
822.0
205.4
4,001.5
Arterial
LDDV
2230001270
60.2
5.0
8.8
11.6
25.8
45.4
LDDT
2230060270
14.0
19.6
22.9
75.6
103.8
122.8
HDDV
2230070270
393.8 6,943.8
1,825.7
2,079.8 36,341.7
9,551.6
LDGV
2201001290
1,948.1 1,442.8 16,920.5
9,887.5
8,390.6
86,871.3
LDGT12
2201020290
1,764.3 1,476.2 16,993.9
9,185.1
8,215.0
84,885.8
LDGT34
2201040290
781.4
751.9
7,258.8
4,139.9
4,157.6
36,699.7
Urban
LDDT
2201070290
211.8
687.8
1,565.8
1,129.2
3,573.2
9,636.4
Minor
HDDV
2201080290
93.6
26.4
357.5
490.4
122.6
2,387.5
Arterial
2230001290
3.0
5.3
6.9
15.3
27.1
35.9
LDDV
LDDT
2230060290
8.3
11.7
13.6
45.1
61.9
73.3
HDDV
2230070290
234.9 4,142.9
1,089.3
1,240.9 21,683.0
5,699.0
LDGV
2201001310
1,274.3
934.0 10,305.6
6,424.5
5,496.2
52,644.8
LDGT12
2201020310
1,140.8
938.7 10,271.7
5,941.9
5,245.6
50,786.8
LDGT34
2201040310
506.9
477.3
4,407.8
2,689.4
2,647.3
22,089.1
Urban
HDGV
2201070310
153.8
388.6
1,237.1
818.3
2,018.8
7,611.5
Collector
MC
2201080310
1,773.6
59.9
14.6
263.8
314.8
68.1
24.6
LDDV
2230001310
2.0
3.4
4.8
10.4
17.3
LDDT
2230060310
5.7
7.5
9.3
30.6
39.8
50.3
HDDV
2230070310
174.2 2,661.9
858.4
919.4 13,936.0
4,490.9
71,101.3
LDGV
2201001330
1,970.5 1,348.2 13,758.2
9,331.8
8,107.5
LDGT12
2201020330
1,728.8 1,307.8 13,380.0
8,860.1
7,364.5
66,114.3
LDGT34
2201040330
771.3
661.6
5,810.7
4,042.8
3,690.6
29,111.0
Urban
HDGV
2201070330
276.8
422.3
2,486.5
1,425.9
2,193.8
15,300.4
Local
MC
2201080330
3,307.4
84.1
15.8
487.1
445.0
73.8
38.9
LDDV
2230001330
3.0
4.8
7.5
15.3
24.9
LDDT
2230060330
8.4
10.7
14.9
45.5
56.9
80.0
HDDV
2230070330
292.7 3,805.8
1,673.9
1,545.3 19,936.5
8,756.6

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

105

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–2. Annual and ozone season-day onroad mobile source emissions by facility type.
Annual (tons/year)
Ozone season day (lbs/day)
Facility
Vehicle
SCC
Type
Class
VOC
VOC
NOx
CO
NOx
CO
LDGV
2201001110
457.5
423.1
6,343.4
2,397.7
2,387.3
34,789.9
LDGT12
2201020110
420.3
443.1
6,064.2
2,191.4
2,444.2
32,006.5
LDGT34
2201040110
184.7
221.9
2,578.9
976.7
1,212.9
13,624.3
Rural
HDGV
2201070110
41.0
238.5
454.5
223.2
1,239.3
2,797.2
Interstate MC
2201080110
900.5
26.6
10.3
133.7
139.3
47.7
9.2
LDDV
2230001110
0.7
2.4
1.8
3.4
12.1
LDDT
2230060110
1.8
5.3
3.5
9.9
27.9
18.8
HDDV
2230070110
41.0
2,055.0
252.9
216.7 10,760.2
1,323.0
LDGV
2201001130
306.5
227.2
2,678.3
1,556.9
1,320.9
13,757.6
LDGT12
2201020130
277.9
232.8
2,691.3
1,447.1
1,294.8
13,456.2
Rural
LDGT34
2201040130
123.1
118.6
1,149.0
652.0
655.4
5,815.2
Other
HDGV
2201070130
33.1
109.4
242.8
176.3
568.4
1,494.0
Principal MC
2201080130
14.8
4.2
55.7
77.3
19.4
371.7
Arterial
2230001130
0.5
0.8
1.1
2.4
4.3
5.6
LDDV
2230060130
1.3
1.8
2.1
7.1
9.8
11.5
LDDT
2230070130
36.6
653.2
168.9
193.1
3,418.7
883.4
HDDV
LDGV
2201001150
143.7
106.5
1,255.1
729.6
619.0
6447.0
LDGT12
2201020150
130.2
109.1
1,261.2
678.1
606.8
6305.8
LDGT34
2201040150
57.7
55.6
538.4
305.5
307.2
2725.1
Rural
HDGV
2201070150
15.5
51.3
113.8
82.6
266.4
700.1
Minor
MC
2201080150
6.9
2.0
26.1
36.2
9.1
174.2
Arterial
2230001150
0.2
0.4
0.5
1.1
2.0
2.6
LDDV
3.3
4.6
5.4
LDDT
2230060150
0.6
0.9
1.0
90.5
1602.1
414.0
HDDV
2230070150
17.1
306.1
79.1
LDGV
2201001170
429.6
317.6
3,658.6
2,175.5
1,852.9
18,745.9
LDGT12
2201020170
387.8
323.4
3,670.1
2,018.9
1,801.5
18,275.8
LDGT34
2201040170
171.8
164.7
1,569.1
911.0
911.1
7,913.7
Rural
HDGV
2201070170
48.0
146.2
362.5
255.7
759.5
2,230.6
Major
MC
2201080170
20.6
5.6
81.6
107.9
25.9
545.7
Collector
2230001170
0.7
1.2
1.6
3.4
5.9
8.0
LDDV
10.1
13.6
16.4
LDDT
2230060170
1.9
2.6
3.0
283.7
4,752.5
1,320.5
HDDV
2230070170
53.7
908.0
252.4
LDGV
2201001190
248.1
211.3
2,137.8
49.0
36.2
417.2
LDGT12
230.2
205.4
2,084.2
2201020190
44.2
36.9
418.5
LDGT34
2201040190
19.6
18.8
178.9
103.9
103.9
902.5
Rural
HDGV
2201070190
5.5
16.7
41.3
29.2
86.6
254.4
Minor
MC
2201080190
2.3
0.6
9.3
12.3
3.0
62.2
Collector
2230001190
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.7
0.9
LDDV
1.1
1.5
1.9
LDDT
2230060190
0.2
0.3
0.3
32.3
542.0
150.3
HDDV
2230070190
6.1
103.6
28.8
LDGV
2201001210
138.2
94.5
964.6
654.3
568.4
4,985.2
LDGT12
2201020210
121.2
91.7
938.1
621.2
516.4
4,635.5
LDGT34
2201040210
54.1
46.4
407.4
283.5
258.8
2,041.1
Rural
HDGV
2201070210
19.4
29.6
174.3
10.0
153.8
1,072.8
Local
MC
2201080210
5.9
1.1
34.2
31.2
5.2
231.9
2230001210
0.2
0.3
0.5
1.1
1.7
2.7
LDDV
2230060210
0.6
0.8
1.0
3.2
4.0
5.6
LDDT
2230070210
20.5
266.8
117.4
108.4
1,397.8
614.0
HDDV

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

106

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–2. Annual and ozone season-day onroad mobile source emissions by facility type and vehicle class in
Maricopa County (continued).
Annual (tons/year)
Ozone season day (lbs/day)
Facility
Vehicle
SCC
Type
Class
VOC
VOC
NOx
CO
NOx
CO
LDGV
2201001230
1,629.0 1,416.0 20,313.3
8,499.1
8,035.0 109,836.9
LDGT12
2201020230
1,498.7 1,479.7 19,594.8
7,788.9
8,175.1 102,098.7
LDGT34
2201040230
660.1
745.1
8,327.4
3,485.4
4,081.9
43,544.0
Urban
HDGV
2201070230
147.3
776.5
1,229.9
799.1
4,034.1
7,569.7
Interstate
MC
2201080230
1,608.9
81.8
30.2
244.4
426.3
139.8
30.2
LDDV
2230001230
2.3
6.2
5.8
11.9
31.6
LDDT
2230060230
6.4
13.7
11.4
34.7
72.4
61.3
HDDV
2230070230
147.7 5,506.5
760.8
779.7 28,805.2
3,980.3
LDGV
2201001250
2,273.8 1,962.2 28,016.4 11,858.9 11,142.8 151,239.5
LDGT12
2201020250
2,091.4 2,050.1 27,047.5 10,866.4 11,324.6 140,744.7
Urban
LDGT34
2201040250
921.3 1,033.1 11,496.9
4,864.1
5,661.0
6,0047.4
Other
HDGV
2201070250
206.2 1,072.9
1,683.3
1,117.0
5,573.9
1,0355.9
Freeway
MC
2201080250
113.7
41.3
339.7
592.6
191.1
2,236.7
and
2230001250
3.2
8.4
8.1
16.7
42.9
41.8
LDDV
Expressway
2230060250
9.0
18.6
15.8
48.5
98.4
85.1
LDDT
HDDV
2230070250
206.6 7,501.4
1,050.5
1,090.3 39,237.3
5,495.6
LDGV
2201001270
3,293.6 2,439.3 28,607.8 16,716.9 14,186.0 146,874.8
LDGT12
2201020270
2,982.9 2,495.9 28,731.9 15,529.4 13,889.2 143,517.7
Urban
LDGT34
2201040270
1,321.1 1,271.3 12,272.6
6,999.4
7,029.3
62,048.8
Other
HDGV
2201070270
358.1 1,162.8
2,647.2
1,909.2
6,041.3
16,292.5
Principal
MC
2201080270
158.3
44.5
604.5
829.2
207.2
4,036.5
Arterial
LDDV
2230001270
60.7
5.0
8.9
11.8
26.0
45.8
LDDT
2230060270
14.1
19.8
23.0
76.2
104.8
123.9
HDDV
2230070270
397.3 7,004.5
1,841.7
2,097.9 36,659.8
9,635.3
LDGV
2201001290
1,965.1 1,455.4 17,068.6
9,974.0
8,464.0
87,631.9
LDGT12
2201020290
1,779.7 1,489.2 17,142.7
9,265.5
8,286.9
85,628.9
LDGT34
2201040290
788.2
758.5
7,322.3
4,176.1
4,194.0
37,021.0
Urban
HDGV
2201070290
213.6
693.8
1,579.5
1,139.1
3,604.5
9,720.8
Minor
MC
2201080290
94.5
26.6
360.7
494.7
123.6
2,408.4
Arterial
2230001290
3.0
5.3
7.0
15.5
27.3
36.2
LDDV
LDDT
2230060290
8.4
11.8
13.7
45.5
62.5
73.9
HDDV
2230070290
237.0 4,179.2
1,098.8
1,251.7 21,872.9
5,748.8
LDGV
2201001310
1,285.4
942.2 10,395.7
6,480.7
5,544.4
53,105.7
LDGT12
2201020310
1,150.8
946.9 10,361.6
5,994.0
5,291.6
51,231.4
LDGT34
2201040310
511.3
481.5
4,446.4
2,712.9
2,670.5
22,282.5
Urban
HDGV
2201070310
155.1
392.0
1,247.9
825.4
2,036.5
7,678.2
Collector
MC
2201080310
1,789.1
60.4
14.7
266.2
317.6
68.6
24.8
LDDV
2230001310
2.0
3.4
4.8
10.5
17.5
LDDT
2230060310
5.7
7.6
9.4
30.9
40.2
50.7
HDDV
2230070310
175.7 2,685.2
865.9
927.5 14,058.0
4,530.2
LDGV
2201001330
1,987.8 1,360.0 13,878.7
9,413.5
8,178.5
71,723.7
LDGT12
2201020330
1,743.9 1,319.2 13,497.2
8,937.6
7,429.0
66,693.1
LDGT34
2201040330
778.0
667.5
5,861.7
4,078.2
3,722.9
29,365.8
Urban
HDGV
2201070330
279.3
426.0
2,508.2
1,438.4
2,213.1
15,434.4
Local
MC
2201080330
3,336.4
84.9
16.0
491.3
448.9
74.5
39.2
LDDV
2230001330
3.0
4.9
7.6
15.5
25.0
LDDT
2230060330
8.5
10.8
15.1
45.9
57.4
80.7
HDDV
2230070330
295.2 3,839.2
1,688.6
1,558.9 20,111.1
8,833.3

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5.6

Summary of ozone precursor emissions from onroad mobile sources

Tables 5.6–1 and 5.6–2 show the calculated onroad emissions for annual and ozone season-day
onroad mobile source emissions by facility type in the eight-hour ozone NAA and Maricopa County,
respectively.

Urban

Rural

Table 5.6–1. Annual and ozone season-day onroad mobile source emissions by facility type in the eight-hour
ozone NAA.
Annual (tons/year)
Ozone season day (lbs/day)
Facility Type
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Interstate
1,163.1
3,370.0
15,695.5
6,104.9
18,163.7
84,723.8
Other Principal Arterial
786.9
1,336.2
6,928.4
4,076.3
7,282.5
35,484.5
Minor Arterial
368.6
626.2
3,246.8
1,910.3
3,412.6
16,628.6
Major Collector
1,104.3
1,853.0
9,515.6
5,715.9
10,108.0
48,630.7
Minor Collector
126.0
211.3
1,085.3
651.8
1,152.7
5,545.8
Local
356.9
526.6
2,614.7
1,787.3
2,895.6
13,470.6
Interstate
4,137.2
9,887.3
50,049.9
21,635.7
52,911.8
266,397.8
Other Principal Arterial
5,774.7
13,569.2
69,053.7
30,190.3
72,636.1
367,033.6
Minor Arterial
8,456.4
14,321.7
74,091.7
43,800.8
77,485.0
379,269.7
Major Collector
5,045.4
8,545.0
44,206.3
26,133.4
46,230.9
226,288.9
Minor Collector
3,317.6
5,426.1
27,358.5
17,149.3
29,469.2
139,471.6
Local
5,135.6
7,577.1
37,619.0
25,711.8
414,48.5
193,809.9
Totals
35,773.1
67,249.7
341,465.4
184,867.9
363,196.8 1,776,755.6

Urban

Rural

Table 5.6–2. Annual and ozone season-day onroad mobile source emissions by facility type in Maricopa County.
Annual (tons/year)
Ozone season day (lbs/day)
Facility Type
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Interstate
1,173.6
3,399.6
15,832.9
6,158.3
18,131.6
85,465.4
Other Principal Arterial
793.8
1,348.0
6,989.2
4,112.2
7,291.7
35,795.2
Minor Arterial
371.9
631.9
3,275.2
1,926.9
3,417.2
16,774.2
Major Collector
1,114.1
1,869.3
9,598.9
5,766.2
10,122.9
49,056.6
Minor Collector
127.0
213.2
1,094.5
657.5
1,154.4
5,594.5
Local
360.1
531.2
2,637.5
1,802.9
2,906.1
13,588.8
Interstate
4,173.3
9,973.9
50,487.8
21,825.1
53,375.1
268,730.0
Other Principal Arterial
5,825.2
13,688.0
69,658.2
30,454.5
73,272.0
370,246.7
Minor Arterial
8,530.4
14,447.0
74,740.5
44,184.2
78,163.4
382,590.2
Major Collector
5,089.5
8,619.8
44,593.3
26,362.1
46,635.7
228,269.9
Minor Collector
3,346.4
5,473.5
27,597.9
17,299.5
29,727.3
140,692.6
Local
5,180.6
7,643.6
37,948.4
25,936.9
41,811.5
195,506.6
Totals
36,085.9
67,839.0
344,454.3
186,486.3
366,008.9 1,792,310.7

Tables 5.6-3 and 5.6-4 present the same emissions by vehicle class in the eight-hour ozone NAA and
Maricopa County, respectively.
Table 5.6-5 summarizes the annual and ozone season-day emissions for the pollutants VOC, NOx,
and CO from all onroad mobile sources in the eight-hour ozone NAA and Maricopa County.

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Table 5.6–3. Annual and ozone season-day onroad mobile source emissions by vehicle class in the eight-hour
ozone NAA.
Annual (tons/year)
Ozone season day (lbs/day)
Vehicle Class
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
LDGV
13,838.3
10,686.6
132,438.4
70,091.7
61,951.4
695,185.8
LDGT12
12,519.5
10,922.3
130,278.7
64,999.6
60,767.7
660,892.5
LDGT34
5,542.4
5,534.5
55,661.8
29,292.4
30,556.5
284,837.8
HDGV
1,508.8
5,071.2
12,178.8
8,024.7
26,380.2
74,944.5
MC
664.6
195.3
2,624.3
3,483.0
912.5
17,548.4
LDDV
20.8
41.8
50.3
107.0
215.3
259.8
LDDT
58.1
93.0
98.4
313.7
493.4
530.4
HDDV
1,620.5
34,704.8
8,134.7
8,555.7
181,919.8
42,556.5
Totals
35,773.1
67,249.7
341,465.4
184,867.9
363,196.8 1,776,755.6

Table 5.6–4. Annual and ozone season-day onroad mobile source emissions by vehicle class in Maricopa County.
Annual (tons/year)
Ozone season day (lbs/day)
Vehicle Class
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
LDGV
13,959.2
10,780.2 133,597.7
70,705.2
62,510.5
701,271.9
LDGT12
12,629.0
11,018.0 131,419.1
65,568.7
61,265.5
666,678.5
LDGT34
5,591.0
5,583.0
56,149.0
29,548.7
30,808.9
287,331.4
HDGV
1,522.1
5,115.7
12,285.2
8,095.2
26,577.4
75,600.6
MC
670.7
197.1
2,647.4
3,513.5
915.1
17,702.2
LDDV
20.9
42.3
50.8
107.9
216.8
261.9
LDDT
58.5
94.0
99.3
316.4
497.1
535.2
HDDV
1,634.5
35,008.7
8,205.8
8,630.7
183,217.6
42,929.0
Totals
36,085.9
67,839.0 344,454.3
186,486.3
366,008.9 1,792,310.7

Table 5.6–5. Summarized 2005 onroad mobile source emissions.
Annual (tons/year)
VOC
NOx
CO
Eight-hour Ozone NAA
35,773.1
67,249.7
341,465.4
Maricopa County
36,085.9
67,839.0
344,454.3

5.7

Quality assurance

5.7.1

VMT estimates

Ozone season day (lbs/day)
VOC
NOx
CO
184,867.9
363,196.8
1,776,755.
186,486.3
366,008.9
1,792,310.

Normal quality assurance procedures, including automated and manual consistency checks, were
conducted by MAG in developing the 2005 EMME/2 traffic assignment used to generate the VMT
data. The VMT estimates using the MAG travel demand model have been validated against more
than 3,000 traffic counts collected in 2005–2006, as well as Highway Performance Monitoring
System data submitted annually by ADOT to the Federal Highway Administration.

5.7.2

Emission factor estimates

The quality assurance process performed on the MOBILE6.2 analyses included accuracy,
completeness, and reasonableness checks. For accuracy and completeness, all calculations were
checked by an independent reviewer. Any errors found were corrected and the changes were then
rechecked by the reviewer.
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5.7.3

Quality review of the 2005 periodic ozone precursor emissions inventory

The draft onroad mobile source portion of the 2005 periodic ozone precursor emissions inventory
was reviewed using published EPA quality review guidelines for base year emission inventories (US
EPA, 1992b). The procedure review (Levels I, II, and III) included checks for completeness,
consistency, and the correct use of appropriate procedures.
Additionally, the onroad mobile source emissions and annual average daily traffic VMT of the 2005
periodic emissions inventory for ozone precursors were compared with those of the 2002 periodic
emissions inventory for ozone precursors for Maricopa County (MCAQD, 2004) as shown in Table
5.7–1.
While the VMT increases over time, the modeled onroad NOx and CO emissions decrease because of
the implementation of control measures designed to reduce onroad emissions of NOx and CO, such as
I/M program, cleaner gasoline, cleaner vehicle technologies, etc. It is also important to note that the
2005 baseline emissions in the periodic inventories may not match those in the Eight-Hour Ozone
Maintenance Plan because of factors such as use of HPMS VMT vs. link-level VMT estimates from
the MAG travel demand models, average daily speeds vs. hourly speeds, monthly/ozone season vs.
episode day hourly temperatures, etc.
Table 5.7–1. Comparison of annual and ozone season-day onroad mobile source emissions and annual average
daily traffic VMT in Maricopa County.
Annual average
Annual (tons/year)
Ozone season day (lbs/day)
daily traffic
Year
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
VMT (miles/day)
2002
31,960
79,572
352,821
180,380
437,741
2,023,444
73,579,000
2005
36,086
67,839
344,454
186,486
366,009
1,792,311
85,287,000

5.8

References

ADOT, 2003. 2002 Maricopa County Estimates of Daily Vehicle Travel by Highway Functional
Classification & Non-Attainment Area, Submitted to Federal Highway Administration in October
2003.
MAG, 2000. 1998 MAG Regional Congestion Study, Traffic Research & Analysis, Inc. et al. for
MAG, September 2000.
MAG, 2007. 2007 MAG Eight-Hour Ozone Plan for the Maricopa County Nonattainment Area.
MCAQD, 2004. 2002 Periodic Emissions Inventory for Ozone Precursors, June 2004.
US EPA, 1991. Emission Inventory Requirements for Carbon Monoxide State Implementation Plans,
EPA-450/4-91-011, March 1991.
US EPA, 1992a. Procedures for Emission Inventory Preparation Volume IV: Mobile Sources, EPA450/4-81-026d (Revised), 1992.
US EPA, 1992b. Quality Review Guidelines for 1990 Base Year Emission Inventories, EPA454/R92-007, July 1992.
US EPA, 2002. Technical Guidance on the Use of MOBILE6 for Emission Inventory Preparation,
January 2002
US EPA, 2003. User's Guide to MOBILE6.1 and MOBILE6.2 (Mobile Source Emission Factor
Model), EPA420-R-03-010, August 2003.

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6.
6.1

Biogenic Sources
Introduction and scope

Biogenic emissions have been estimated for the 2005 Periodic Emissions Inventory for Ozone
Precursors in Maricopa County. In addition, estimates were made for the approximately 5,000
square-miles of the eight-hour ozone nonattainment area. The biogenic emissions were estimated
using the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature (MEGAN). MEGAN is a state-ofthe-art biogenic emissions model, developed by Dr. Alex Guenther at NCAR and ENVIRON
International Corporation (Guenther, 2006a and 2006b). MAG contracted with ENVIRON and Dr.
Guenther in 2005 to develop a reliable and accurate biogenic emissions model. Dr. Guenther
conducted field studies in June 2006 to measure the emission rates of dominant plant species in
Maricopa County. Dr. Guenther also collected data on desert plant emission rates in Clark County,
Nevada in 2006. Due to the incorporation of updated emission rates that are more characteristic of
plants growing in the southwest deserts, the MEGAN estimates represent a substantial improvement
over previous biogenic emission estimates for Maricopa County. Emissions estimates for volatile
organic compounds (VOCs), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) are included in this
biogenic source emissions inventory.
6.2

MEGAN input files

To calculate biogenic emissions using MEGAN, seven gridded input files were prepared:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

User domain file: this file describes the user’s domain such as the number of grid cells,
grid cell size, and latitude and longitude coordinates of each grid cell
Solar radiation and temperature file
Monthly Leaf Area Index (LAI) file
Plant Functional Type (PFT) file
Emission Factor (EF) file
Wind speed and humidity
Soil moisture

MEGAN requires that all input data be provided for the grid cells defined in the user domain file.
Gridded meteorological data (e.g., temperature, solar radiation, wind speed, humidity, and soil
moisture) generated by the Penn State/NCAR Mesoscale Meteorological Model 5 (MM5) were
employed, which were provided to MAG by ENVIRON for the MAG Eight-Hour Ozone Plan
(MAG, 2007). The MM5 meteorological data were reformatted for MEGAN input. The LAI, PFT,
and EF data files developed and updated by Dr. Guenther for Maricopa County were extracted from
the MEGAN database using the MEGAN driving variables processor (ENVIRON, 2006).
The species specific biogenic emission rates identified in the 2006 field study were incorporated with
the vegetation distributions in Maricopa County to derive the landscape average emission rates for
each grid cell in the 4-km domain. Table 6.2-1 summarizes the average VOC emission rates for the
land use categories in the 4-km domain (ENVIRON, 2006). Updated land use and land cover data
from different sources were employed in the development of the vegetation distribution, PFT, and
LAI databases. The average emission rate represents the net above-canopy emission rate expected at
standard conditions (e.g. air temperature of 30°C, photosynthetic photon flux density of 1500
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µmol/m2/s, humidity of 14 g/kg, wind speed of 3 m/s, and LAI of 5). The standard emission rate was
adjusted by the emission activity factor that describes its variation due to physiological and
phenological processes. The input data of meteorology and LAI were used in the calculation of the
emission activity factor. For details, please refer to Guenther, et al. (2006).
Table 6.2–1. The average VOC emission rates for the land use categories in the 4-km domain.
Area* in 4-km
Domain
MEGAN
Average Emission
Land Use
Rate (µg/m2/hr)
Land Use Subcategory
km2
acres
Residential
1,875
463,313
162
Developing & Other Residential
321
79,319
39
Commercial
690
170,499
157
Urban
Parks/golf/commercial
289
71,412
62
Transportation
884
218,436
162
Total
4,059
1,002,979
Agriculture (Maricopa + Pinal)
1,291
319,006
175
Agriculture
Total
1,291
319,006
Pine
116
28,664
381
Pine/Oak/Pinyon
38
9,390
636
Madrean Oak
89
21,992
658
Cypress
12
2,965
186
Riparian/Wetland
358
88,462
958
Interior Chaparral
2,391
590,816
969
Pinyon-Juniper
869
214,730
2,131
Wildlands
Basin Grassland
5
1,236
250
Creosote-Bursage
6,889
1,702,272
67
Palo verde-Mixed Cacti-Scrub
14,852
3,669,929
331
Semi-desert Mixed Grass
47
11,614
503
Water
346
85,497
248
Other urban
2,140
528,794
225
Barren
3
741
232
Total
28,155
6,957,101

* The area for each land use category is approximate.

6.3

Emission estimation

Since MM5 meteorological data for all days in 2005 were not available, emission estimates from
MEGAN for May 31 to June 7, 2002 for the MAG eight-hour ozone modeling area were employed to
derive the 2005 ozone season daily average VOC, NOx, and CO emissions for the eight-hour ozone
nonattainment area and Maricopa County. Maricopa County and the eight-hour ozone nonattainment
and modeling areas are delineated in Figure 6.3–1.

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Maricopa County, AZ

Figure 6.3–1. Boundaries of the eight-hour ozone modeling domain, eight-hour ozone nonattainment area, and
Maricopa County.

The daily average emissions for the eight-hour ozone nonattainment area and Maricopa County were
extracted from emissions for the eight-hour ozone modeling area using GIS. The extracted daily
emissions for May 31 to June 7, 2002 for the Maricopa County portion of the eight-hour ozone
modeling area and nonattainment area are provided in Tables 6.3-1 and 6.3-2, respectively.
However, the emissions developed for the eight-hour ozone modeling area do not cover the 7,295
square kilometers of the western and southern parts of Maricopa County outside of the modeling
area. To obtain emissions for all of Maricopa County, emissions per square kilometer were
calculated using MEGAN emission estimates for a 1,600 square kilometer area in the southwest
corner of the eight-hour ozone modeling area. This relatively remote and largely unpopulated area
was assumed to be representative of vegetation in the portion of Maricopa County that was not
modeled for the eight-hour ozone attainment plan. The average emissions per square kilometer for
the 1,600 square kilometer area given in Table 6.3-3 were multiplied by 7,295 square kilometers to
obtain the biogenic emissions in Maricopa County outside of the eight-hour ozone modeling area.
The result was added to the ozone precursor emissions estimated for the eight-hour ozone modeling
area within Maricopa County (Table 6.3-1) to obtain total biogenic ozone precursor emissions for the
whole Maricopa County.

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Table 6.3–1. Daily biogenic emissions in the eight-hour ozone modeling area in Maricopa County.
CO
VOC
NOx
Date
kg/day
lb/day
kg/day
lb/day
kg/day
lb/day
5/31/2002
309,523
682,374
6,414
14,140
42,687
94,108
6/1/2002
278,847
614,746
5,921
13,053
39,253
86,537
6/2/2002
228,687
504,163
5,197
11,457
32,372
71,367
6/3/2002
196,524
433,257
4,742
10,454
28,318
62,430
6/4/2002
207,750
458,006
4,926
10,859
29,778
65,649
6/5/2002
257,443
567,559
5,655
12,467
36,357
80,153
6/6/2002
309,992
683,408
6,536
14,409
43,243
95,334
6/7/2002
299,573
660,439
6,182
13,629
41,942
92,465
Average
261,042
575,493
5,697
12,560
36,744
81,006

Table 6.3–2. Daily biogenic emissions in the eight-hour ozone nonattainment area.
CO
VOC
NOx
Date
kg/day
lb/day
kg/day
lb/day
kg/day
5/31/2002
268,009
590,853
5,084
11,208
35,722
6/1/2002
241,200
531,750
4,702
10,366
32,773
6/2/2002
198,160
436,864
4,127
9,098
27,076
6/3/2002
169,941
374,652
3,761
8,292
23,646
6/4/2002
179,182
395,025
3,913
8,627
24,814
6/5/2002
222,363
490,222
4,495
9,910
30,325
6/6/2002
267,560
589,863
5,191
11,444
36,056
6/7/2002
259,420
571,917
4,921
10,849
35,070
Average
225,729
497,640
4,524
9,974
30,685

lb/day
78,753
72,251
59,691
52,129
54,705
66,855
79,489
77,315
67,648

Table 6.3–3. Average emissions per square kilometer for the 1,600 square-kilometer area in the southwest corner
of the eight-hour ozone modeling area.
CO
VOC
NOx
kg/day
lb/day
kg/day
lb/day
kg/day
lb/day
268,009
590,853
5,084
11,208
35,722
78,753

6.4

Summary of biogenic source emissions

Ozone season-day and annual biogenic emissions for Maricopa County and the eight-hour ozone
nonattainment area are summarized in Tables 6.4–1 and 6.4-2. The annual emissions were scaled up
from the ozone season-day emissions multiplied by 365 days. It is noted that this is a conservative
estimate, since biogenic emissions are higher during the ozone season than in winter. However, the
available data does not permit MAG to perform a whole year of modeling.

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

114

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 6.4–1. Ozone season-day biogenic emissions.
VOC
NOx
Geographic area
kg/day
lb/day
kg/day
lb/day
Maricopa County
329,414
726,221.8
8,254
18,196.4
Ozone NAA
225,729
497,639.7
4,524
9,974.1

Table 6.4–2. Annual biogenic emissions.
VOC
Geographic area
tonnes*/yr
tons*/yr
Maricopa County
120,236
132,535.47
Ozone NAA
82,391
90,819.25

NOx
tonnes/yr
tons/yr
3,013
3,320.83
1,651
1,820.27

CO
kg/day
48,610
30,685

lb/day
107,165.1
67,648.3

CO
tonnes/yr
17,743
11,200

tons/yr
19,557.63
12,345.81

* “tonne” denotes metric ton; “ton” denotes short (English) ton.

6.5

References

ENVIRON International Corp., 2006. Final Report, Maricopa Association of Governments 2006
Biogenics Study.
Guenther, A., 2006a. User’s Guide to Processing Driving Variables for Model of Emissions of Gases
and Aerosols from Nature (MEGAN).
Guenther, A., 2006b. User’s Guide to the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature
(MEGAN) Version MEGAN-VBA-2.0.
Guenther, A., T. Karl, P. Harley, C. Wiedinmyer, P. I. Palmer, and C. Geron, 2006. Estimates of
global terrestrial isoprene emissions using MEGAN (Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols
from Nature), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 1-30.
Maricopa Association of Governments, 2007. Eight-Hour Ozone Plan for the Maricopa
Nonattainment Area.

2005 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

115

Maricopa County, AZ

Appendix 2.1
Instructions for Reporting 2005 Annual Air Pollution Emissions

MARICOPA COUNTY
AIR QUALITY DEPARTMENT

INSTRUCTIONS
FOR REPORTING 2005
ANNUAL AIR POLLUTION EMISSIONS

February 2006

Emissions Inventory Unit
1001 North Central Avenue, Suite 400
Phoenix, Arizona 85004
(602) 506-6790
(602) 506-6985 (Fax)

Copies of this document, related forms
and other reference materials are available online at our web site:
www.maricopa.gov/aq/ei.aspx

TABLE OF CONTENTS
WHAT’S NEW FOR 2005?.............................................................................................................. 1
I.

INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................. 2
Steps to Complete Your 2005 Maricopa County Emissions Inventory

II. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS................................................................................................... 3
- Pollutants to be Reported
- Emission Calculation Method Hierarchy
III. CONFIDENTIALITY OF DATA SUBMITTED............................................................................ 5
- Arizona State Statue and Maricopa County Rule
IV. HELPFUL HINTS AND INFORMATION..................................................................................... 6
- What is a Process?
- Processes and Materials That Do Not Have to be Reported
- Grouping Materials and/or Equipment Under One Process ID
- Assigning Identification Numbers (IDs)
- Industry-Specific Instructions
- Commonly Used Conversion Factors
- Additional Resources and Assistance
V.

INSTRUCTIONS AND EXAMPLES FOR EMISSIONS REPORTING FORMS
Business Form..................................................................................................................................... 8
Stack Form ......................................................................................................................................... 9
Control Device Form ....................................................................................................................... 10
General Process Form ....................................................................................................................... 11
Evaporative Process Form ................................................................................................................ 15
Off-Site Recycling/Disposal Form.................................................................................................... 19
Documentation of Emission Factor Calculations ............................................................................. 20
Data Certification Form (for NON-Title V sources) ........................................................................ 21
How to Calculate an Emission Fee (for Title V sources ONLY)...................................................... 22
Data Certification/Fee Calculation Form (for Title V sources ONLY) ............................................ 23

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

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Instructions for Reporting 2005 Emissions

WHAT'S NEW FOR 2005?
Emissions reporting requirements:
•

•

The US EPA has recently designated the chemical t-butyl acetate (CAS number 540-88-5) as a VOC
for record-keeping and emissions reporting requirements, but not for emission limitations or content
requirements. If you use this chemical at your facility, see the box on page 3 for specific reporting
instructions.
It is critical to the accuracy of your report to use the emission calculation method that best represents
actual emissions from your facility. Page 4 of these instructions now includes details on the preferred
emission calculation methods. Please double check your emissions calculations to make sure the best
method is employed.

Reporting forms:
•
•

Some pre-printed information on your report may be different from last year’s version. Please
review the enclosed forms carefully, and verify all pre-printed information.
Many of our reporting forms have changed recently. If you use your own forms, or a computerized
reproduction of our forms, the forms used MUST conform to the current information requirements
and FORMAT as supplied on our preprinted forms. “Homemade” reporting forms that vary
significantly from the preprinted forms sent to you will not be accepted.

Miscellaneous:
•
•

EPA emission factors for certain activities at sand and gravel facilities have been revised. The new
emission factors appear on applicable pre-printed general process forms and are also listed on our
revised Sand & Gravel Helpsheet available at: www.maricopa.gov/aq/ei.aspx
In accordance with Maricopa County Air Pollution Control Rule 280 (Fees), the 2005 annual emission
fee (for Title V sources only) is $13.65/ton.

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

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Instructions for Reporting 2005 Emissions

I. INTRODUCTION
An annual emissions inventory is a document submitted by a business that: (1) lists all processes emitting
reportable air pollutants and (2) provides details about each of those processes. Submitting the emissions
inventory report is required as a condition of your Maricopa County Air Quality Permit. A separate
emissions report is required for each business location with its own air quality permit.
Follow these steps to complete your 2005 Maricopa County emissions inventory:
STEP 1: Determine which forms are needed for your business. There are eight different forms available,
but not all are required for every type of business. For most permitted sources, the packet you received from
us contains the necessary pre-printed forms based on your site’s most recent emissions inventory.
1.
2.

3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Business Form: Contains general contact information about the permitted site. This form is required
for all businesses.
Stack Form: Only required if your business location annually emits over 10 tons of a single pollutant
(CO, VOC, NOx, PM10, or SOx). A “stack” is defined as a stack, pipe, vent or opening through which a
significant percentage of emissions (from one or more processes) are released into the atmosphere. See
the “Stack Form Instructions” on page 9 for specific requirements.
Control Device Form: Required only if there is one or more emission control devices used at the
business location.
General Process Form and
Either or both will be required for all businesses.
Evaporative Process Form:
Off-Site Recycling/Disposal Form: Required if you want to claim off-site recycling or disposal.
Emission Factor Calculations: Required as attachment for each process for which you calculated
your own emission factors.
Data Certification Form or Data Certification/Fee Calculation Form: Only sources with a Title V
permit are required to pay a fee for their emissions and need to use the Data Certification/Fee
Calculation Form. All other sources use the Data Certification Form.

}

STEP 2: Complete the applicable forms. Verify all preprinted information, and make corrections where
necessary. When making corrections, strike out the preprinted data and write in corrections beside it. Please
make all changes readily noticeable. Detailed information on how to complete the most common forms is
included in this document. The packet you received also contains information about other resources
(workshops, one-on-one assistance, etc.) available to help you in completing the necessary forms.
STEP 3: Make a copy of your completed emissions inventory report. Make sure to KEEP COPIES of all
forms submitted and copies of all records and calculations used in completing the forms. Air pollution
control regulations require that you keep all documentation for at least FIVE YEARS at the location where
pollution is being emitted.
STEP 4: Make sure the Data Certification Form (or Data Certification/Fee Calculation Form for Title V
sources) is signed by a company representative. Include your air quality permit number on all
correspondence and applicable checks submitted with your report. Return the original, signed copy of your
annual emission report, with payment for any applicable emission fees to:
Maricopa County Air Quality Department
Emissions Inventory Unit
1001 North Central Avenue, Suite 100
Phoenix, AZ 85004
Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

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Instructions for Reporting 2005 Emissions

II. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
POLLUTANTS TO BE REPORTED:
Your emissions inventory must include your business’s emissions of the following air pollutants:
CO
NOx
PM10
SOx
VOC
HAP&NON
NHx
Pb

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

Carbon monoxide
Nitrogen oxides
Particulate matter less than 10 microns
Sulfur oxides
Volatile organic compounds *
Hazardous Air Pollutant (HAP) that is also NOT a volatile organic compound (VOC)**
Ammonia and ammonium compounds
Lead

* A volatile organic compound (VOC) is defined as any compound of carbon that participates in atmospheric photochemical reactions. This definition excludes: carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, acetone,
carbonic acid, metallic carbides or carbonates, and ammonium carbonate, as well as certain other organic
compounds. (See Maricopa County Air Pollution Control Rule 100, Sections 200.69 and 200.110 for a full
definition.)
NEW FOR 2005: EPA has redesignated the chemical t-butyl acetate (CAS Number 540-88-5) as a VOC
for record-keeping requirements and emissions reporting, but not for emission limitations or content
requirements. An anticipated revision to County Rule 100, Section 200.69 (tentatively scheduled for
adoption in March 2006) will incorporate this change as follows:
“The following compound(s) are VOC for purposes of all recordkeeping, emissions reporting, photochemical
dispersion modeling and inventory requirements which apply to VOC and shall be uniquely identified in
emission reports, but are not VOC for purposes of VOC emissions limitations or VOC content requirements:
t-butyl acetate (540-88-5).”
Therefore, if your facility uses t-butyl acetate, it is necessary to report t-butyl acetate as a separate material
on the evaporative process form, not as part of a grouped material (e.g., solvents, thinners, activators, etc.).
T-butyl acetate will continue to be identified as a VOC on your emission report and count towards any
applicable emission fees.
** HAP&NON: Usage of certain materials that are: (1) a Hazardous Air Pollutant (HAP) and (2) not also a
VOC (that is, not also an ozone precursor) should also be reported if:
(a) your site is subject to a Federal MACT (Maximum Achievable Control Technology) standard or
(b) your air quality permit contains specific quantitative limits for HAP emissions.
The most common materials categorized as “HAP&NON” include:
• methylene chloride (dichloromethane)
• perchloroethylene
• 111-trichloroethane (111-TCA or methyl chloroform)
• hydrochloric acid
• hydrofluoric acid
NOTE: HAPs that are also considered volatile organic compounds are reported as VOC.
Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

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Instructions for Reporting 2005 Emissions

EMISSION CALCULATION METHOD HIERARCHY:
When preparing emission information for your report, the most accurate method for calculating actual
emissions must be used. The hierarchy listed below outlines the preferred methods for calculating emission
estimates. (The hierarchy listed below will be incorporated into an anticipated July 2006 revision of Rule
280 of Maricopa County’s Air Pollution Control Rules and Regulations).
(1)

Whenever available, emissions estimates should be calculated from continuous emissions
monitors certified under 40 CFR Part 75, Subpart C, or data quality assured pursuant to Appendix
F of 40 CFR, Part 60.

(2)

When sufficient data obtained using the methods described in paragraph 1 is not available,
emissions estimates should be calculated from source performance tests conducted pursuant to
Rule 270 in Maricopa County’s Air Pollution Control Rules and Regulations.

(3)

When sufficient data obtained using the methods described in paragraphs 1 or 2 is not available,
emissions estimates should be calculated from material balance using engineering knowledge of
the process.

(4)

When sufficient data obtained using the methods described in paragraphs 1 through 3 is not
available, emissions estimates shall be calculated using emissions factors from EPA Publication
No. AP-42 "Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors," Volume I: Stationary Point and Area
Sources.

(5)

When sufficient data obtained using the methods described in paragraphs 1 through 4 is not
available, emissions estimates should be calculated by equivalent methods supported by back-up
documentation that will substantiate the chosen method.

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

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Instructions for Reporting 2005 Emissions

III. CONFIDENTIALITY OF DATA SUBMITTED
Information submitted in your annual emissions reports must be made available to the public unless it meets
certain criteria of Arizona State Statutes and Maricopa County Rules. Applicable excerpts concerning
confidentiality of data are reproduced below.
ARS § 49-487 D. ...the following information shall be available to the public:…
2. The chemical constituents, concentrations and amounts of any emission of any air contaminant. ...
MARICOPA COUNTY AIR POLLUTION CONTROL RULES AND REGULATIONS, Rule 100:
§ 200.107 TRADE SECRETS - Information to which all of the following apply:
a.
A person has taken reasonable measures to protect from disclosure and the person intends to continue to
take such measures.
b.
The information is not, and has not been, reasonably obtainable without the person’s consent by other
persons, other than governmental bodies, by use of legitimate means, other than discovery based on a
showing of special need in a judicial or quasi-judicial proceeding.
c.
No statute, including ARS §49-487, specifically requires disclosure of the information to the public.
d.
The person has satisfactorily shown that disclosure of the information is likely to cause substantial harm to
the business’s competitive position.
§ 402
CONFIDENTIALITY OF INFORMATION:
402.2
Any records, reports or information obtained from any person under these rules shall be available to the
public ... unless a person:
a.
Precisely identifies the information in the permit(s), records, or reports which is considered confidential.
b.
Provides sufficient supporting information to allow the Control Officer to evaluate whether such information
satisfies the requirements related to trade secrets as defined in Section 200.107 of this rule.

For emissions inventory information to be deemed confidential, the following steps must be followed:
• Specific data which you request be held confidential must be identified by marking an “X” in the
corresponding gray confidentiality box(es) on the relevant report forms.
• Provide a written explanation which gives factual information satisfactorily describing why releasing this
information could cause substantial harm to the business’s competitive position.
• Use the gray-shaded boxes on the reporting forms to indicate which data are to be held confidential. Do
NOT stamp “Confidential”, highlight data, or otherwise mark the page.
No data can be held confidential without proper justification.

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

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Instructions for Reporting 2005 Emissions

IV. HELPFUL HINTS AND INFORMATION
Be sure to verify all preprinted information on forms. If any information is incorrect or blank, please
provide correct information. Making a change on the Business Form will NOT transfer the permit
ownership or location. You must contact the Department's Permit Engineering Division at (602) 506-6464 to
accomplish this.
WHAT IS A PROCESS? A process is a business activity at your location that emits one or more of the
pollutants listed on page 3, and has only one material type as input and one operating schedule. For each
applicable process at your business, you must assign a unique Process ID number to differentiate each
process.
PROCESSES AND MATERIALS THAT DO NOT HAVE TO BE REPORTED:
• Welding.
• Acetone usage.
• Fuel use for forklifts or other vehicles. (NOTE: Fuel use in non-vehicle engines is reportable.)
• Soil remediation activities. (Note: Other periodic reporting requirements may exist; consult your permit.)
• Storage emissions from fuels or organic chemicals in any tank with a capacity of 250 gallons or less.
• Storage emissions of diesel and Jet A fuel in underground tanks of any size.
• Storage emissions of diesel and Jet A fuel in aboveground tanks, with throughput < 4,000,000 gal/yr.
• Routine pesticide usage, housekeeping cleaners, and routine maintenance painting at your facility.
Please group all similar equipment and materials together before applying the following limitations:
• Internal combustion engines (e.g., emergency generators) or external combustion equipment (e.g., boilers
and heaters) that operated less than 100 hrs. and burned less than 200 gals. diesel or gas, or less than
100,000 cubic feet of natural gas.
• Materials with usage of less than 15 gallons or 100 pounds per year.
GROUPING MATERIALS AND/OR EQUIPMENT UNDER ONE PROCESS ID:
You can group together under one process ID:
• All internal combustion engines less than 600 hp if they burn the same fuel and have similar operating
schedules.
• All external combustion equipment (boilers, heaters) with a capacity of less than 10,000,000 Btu per
hour if they burn the same fuel and have similar operating schedules.
• All similar evaporative materials with similar emission factors that have similar operating schedules and
process descriptions. For example, group low-VOC red paint, green paint and white paint together as
one material: “Paint: Low-VOC.” Do not group dissimilar materials together, such as thinners and
paints. Attach documentation (see example, p. 20) showing how the grouped emission factor was
determined.
• All underground tanks with the same fuel and same type of vapor recovery system.
ASSIGNING IDENTIFICATION NUMBERS (IDs):
Unique IDs are required for the following report elements: Stacks, Control Devices and Processes. For
processes, that means a process ID number may be used only once on each General Process form and for
each material reported on the Evaporative Process Forms.
These numbers are usually assigned by the person who prepares the original report. If you are adding a new
item to a preprinted report, assign a number not already in use. Once an ID number is assigned, continue
Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

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Instructions for Reporting 2005 Emissions

using the same number for that item each year. If that item is no longer reportable, return the preprinted
form with a brief explanation. Do not use that ID number again.

INDUSTRY-SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONS: Additional help sheets, detailed examples, and special instructions are available for a number of specific processes or industries listed below. To get copies of any of these
documents, please visit our web site at www.maricopa.gov/aq/ei.aspx or call (602) 506-6790.
• Bakeries
• Concrete Batch Plants
• Fuel Storage and Handling
• Incinerators and Crematories
• Lg. Aboveground Storage Tanks

•
•
•
•
•

Natural Gas Boilers/Heaters
Polyester Resin
Printing Plants
Roofing Asphalt
Sand and Gravel Plants

•
•
•
•

Using EPA's TANKS 4.09d Program
Vehicle Refinishing
Vehicle Travel on Unpaved Roads
Woodworking

COMMONLY USED CONVERSION FACTORS:
1 gram/liter = 0.00834 lbs/gal
1 foot
= 0.0001894 mile
1 liter
= 0.2642 gallon (US)
1 square foot
= 0.000022957 acre
1 therm
= 0.0000952 MMCF
1 pound
= 0.0005 ton
NOTE:
MM = 1,000,000
Example: MMCF = 1,000,000 cubic feet
M = 1,000
Example: MGAL = 1,000 gallons
ADDITIONAL RESOURCES AND ASSISTANCE:
The Maricopa County Emissions Inventory web site at www.maricopa.gov/aq/ei.aspx contains additional
reference materials, such as:
• blank copies of most emissions reporting forms.
• an updated list of emission factors for a large number of industrial processes, including SCC codes.
• a list of Tier Codes for industrial processes.
• detailed help sheets for a number of specific industries or processes.
To receive any of the above materials by fax or mail, or for additional information or assistance in how to
calculate and report your emissions, please call us at (602) 506-6790.

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

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Instructions for Reporting 2005 Emissions

V. INSTRUCTIONS AND EXAMPLES FOR COMPLETING EMISSIONS REPORTING FORMS

Business Form

Instructionss

Verify all preprinted information, and make corrections where necessary. When making corrections, strike
out the preprinted data and write in corrections beside it. Please make all changes readily noticeable.

NOTE:

Indicating a change in ownership or business location on the Business Form will not serve to
transfer the permit ownership or location. You must contact the Department's Permit Engineering Division at
(602) 506-6464 to accomplish this.

Data fields:
6 Number of employees: This should be the annual average number of full-time equivalent (FTE)
employee positions at this business location.
9

NAICS Code: This 5- or 6-digit North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS) code has
been introduced to replace the 4-digit Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes. Please list the
primary and secondary NAICS codes for your business, if known. (Consult our website, at
www.maricopa.gov/aq/ei.aspx, for a link to a full list of NAICS codes.)

10 Preparer of the Inventory (primary contact for technical questions concerning this report): This should
be the person who knows the most about the data in the report. If this person has an e-mail address used
for business purposes, please provide it.

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

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Instructions for Reporting 2005 Emissions

Stack Form

Instructions

A “stack” is defined as a stationary stack, pipe, vent or opening through which a significant percentage of
emissions (from one or more processes) are released into the atmosphere (with or without a control device).

NOTE:

Stack information is required only if your business location annually emits over 10 tons of any
one individual pollutant. If so, you must complete a Stack Form for:
• each stack connected to a control device.
• any stack that discharges annually more than 5 tons of combined pollutant emissions (such as a paint
booth exhaust).
EXAMPLE Stack Form Information:
1

2

Stack
ID

Stack
Type
Code*

3

1

W

30 ft

2

V

14 ft

4

5a OR

5b

6a

OR

6b & 6c

7

Stack
Exit Gas
Velocity Flow Rate Diameter Length / Width
Height** Temperature feet/sec
acfm
inside inch
inside inch

90

o

F

Stack Name/Description. Include lat/long
coordinates of stack (in decimal degrees)

20,000

36

paint booth Lat : N33. 531873

19,186

40

thermal oxidizer, Bldg. 2

Long: W112. 261331

* Stack Type Codes:

200

o

F

Lat : N33. 5325 Long:
W112. 26136

V = Vertical unobstructed
D = Downward unobstructed
W = Obstructed vertical (e.g. weather cap)

H = Horizontal unobstructed
G = Gooseneck

** Stack height is calculated relative to the surrounding terrain. For instance, the stack height of a 10-foot
stack on top of a 20-foot tall building is 30 feet.
Data fields:
1

Stack ID: (See “Assigning Identification Numbers” on page 6.) A number (up to three digits, numeric
only) which identifies a specific stack. It is suggested you start with 1, then 2, etc.

4

Exit Gas Temperature: Should represent average operating conditions, in degrees Fahrenheit.
DO NOT report “ambient”.

5a Exit Gas Velocity: OR 5b Gas Flow Rate:
Provide EITHER the exit velocity (in feet per second) OR the flow rate of gas (in actual cubic feet per
minute) exiting the stack during normal operations. Preprinted information provides both.
6a Inside Stack Diameter: For round stacks, provide Inside Stack Diameter in inches.
OR
6b & 6c Inside Stack Length and Width: For square or rectangular stacks, provide inside Length and inside
Width in inches.
7

Stack Name/Description and Lat/Long Coordinates: Provide a brief text description of the stack along
with the latitude and longitude coordinates of the stack (in decimal degrees).

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

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Instructions for Reporting 2005 Emissions

Control Device Form

Instructionss

EXAMPLE Control Device Form Information
1

2

3

4

Control
ID

Installation/
Reconstruction*
Date

5

Size or Rated Capacity**

Control
Type Code

Control Device
Name/Description

1

05/09/98

25,000.0 cfm

021

Thermal oxidizer

4

03/10/97

cfm

153

Watering with water trucks

6
Stack ID

2

Data fields:
1

Control ID: (See “Assigning Identification Numbers” on page 6.) A unique number (up to three digits)
that you assign to identify a specific control device.

2

Installation/Reconstruction Date: The completion date (given in mm/dd/yy format) of installation or the
most recent reconstruction of the identified control device. This is not a date on which routine repair or
maintenance was done. Reconstruction means any component of the control device was replaced and the
cost (fixed capital) of the new component(s) was more than half of what it would have cost to purchase
or construct a new control device.

3

Size or Rated Capacity: Report the air or water flow rate in cubic feet per minute. Some devices (e.g.,
water trucks for dust control) will not include a value in this field.

4

Control Type Code: A 3-digit code designating the type of control device. A complete list of all EPA
control device codes can be found on the Web at www.maricopa.gov/aq/ei.aspx or call (602) 506-6790
for assistance.

6

Stack ID: Not all businesses require a Stack ID. This is required if the Stack Form is used for your site
(see page 9) and the control device is vented through that identified stack. This is the ID number shown
in column 1 of the Stack Form. The Stack ID can be entered on this form after the Stack Form has been
filled out.

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

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Instructions for Reporting 2005 Emissions

General Process Form

Instructionss

The General Process Form is used to record data on all emissions-producing processes except evaporative
processes. A “general process” is normally characterized by the burning or handling of a material. One
form reports all the pollutants for one process. For example, several pollutants are produced by burning fuel,
and PM10 is emitted by processing rock products, processing materials such as wood or cotton, and driving
on unpaved areas.
Data fields: (See sample forms on pages 13 and 14.)
1 Process ID: A number (up to three digits) that is preprinted or you assign. (See “Assigning
Identification Numbers” on page 6.) This Process ID number can not be used for any other process at
this location.
2

Process Type/Description: Brief details on the type of activity that is occurring.

3

Stack ID(s): The stack ID number(s) shown in column 1 of the Stack Form that identify the stack(s)
which vent pollution created by this process. Not all businesses are required to report stacks. This is only
required if the Stack Form is required for your site (see page 9) and the process has a stack.

4 Process Tier Code and
5 SCC Code:
6

If these codes are not preprinted on your form, please consult the
section “Other Resources” on our web site, or call (602) 506-6790.

Seasonal Throughput Percent: Enter the percent of total annual operating time that occurred per season,
rounded to the nearest percent. For example, “Dec-Feb 30% ” means 30% of total annual activity
occurred in January, February and December 2005. The total for all four seasons must equal 100%.

7 Normal Operating Schedule and
8 Typical Hours of Operation:
9

These reflect the normal daily, weekly, and annual operating
parameters of this process during 2005.

Emissions Based on: Provide the name of the material used, fuel used, product produced, or whatever
was measured for the purpose of calculating emissions, such as “natural gas”, “hours of operation,”
“vehicle miles traveled,” or “acres.”

10 Used, Produced or Existing: Indicate whether calculated emissions are based on a material type or fuel
used (an input, such as “paint” or “natural gas”), or an output (such as “sawdust produced” or “finished
product”). Use “Existing” if the parameter reported on line 9 is not directly used or produced in the
process (such as “vehicle miles traveled” or “acres”).
11 Annual Amount: The annual amount (a number) of material that was used, fuel combusted, product
produced, hours of operation, vehicle miles traveled, or acres.
12 Fuel Sulfur Content (in percent): For processes that involve the combustion of oil or diesel fuels, report
the sulfur content of the fuel as a decimal value. Example: 0.05 % (= 500 ppm)
13 Unit of Measure: Units of the material used, fuel used or product produced shown on line 9.
For example: gallons, pounds, tons, therms, acres, vehicle miles traveled, units produced.
14 Unit Conversion Factor: You must provide this if you use an emission factor with an emission factor unit
(see item 17 below) that is not the same as the unit of measure (from line 13). This is the standard
number you would multiply your amount (line 11) by to convert it to the units of the emission factor. See
page 7 for a list of commonly used conversion factors.
Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

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Instructions for Reporting 2005 Emissions

General Process Form Instructions (continued)
15 Pollutant: See page 3 for a list of pollutants that need to be reported.
16 Emission Factor (EF): The number to be multiplied by the annual amount (line 11) to determine how
much of the pollutant was emitted. If you calculate your own emission factor or change the preprinted
emission factor, you must provide details of your calculations in an attachment.
17 Emission Factor (EF) Units: Enter the appropriate Emission Factor Units in pounds (lb) per unit; e.g.,
lb/ton, lb/MMCF, lb/gal.
18 Controlled Emission Factor (EF)? YES or NO: Indicate “YES” if: 1) you have your own emission factor
from testing and included the control device efficiency within the factor, or 2) the emission factor used is
clearly identified as a controlled emission factor. A “YES” response requires the use of Formula A (see
#25 below). Indicate “NO” if: 1) there is no emission control device, or 2) the emission factor represents
emission rates before controls. A “NO” response requires the use of Formula B (see #25 below).
19 Calculation Method: Enter the number code (listed at the bottom of the General Process Form) which
best describes the method you used to obtain this emission factor. Code 5, “AP-42/FIRE Method or
Emission Factor” means that the factor comes from EPA documents or software. NOTE: If you have
continuous emissions monitors (CEM) data or conducted a source test that was required and approved by
the County for a specific process or piece of equipment, you must use the emission data from the CEM
or the test results. Report “1” in this column for CEM data or “4” for performance test data.
20 through 24: Leave blank if there is no control device.
20 Capture % Efficiency: The percent of the pollutant that is captured and sent to the primary control
device in this process. Be sure to list capture efficiency separately for each pollutant affected.
21 Primary Control Device ID: If this pollutant is being controlled in this process, enter the Control
Device ID number which represents the first control device affecting the pollutant.
22 Secondary Control Device ID: If this pollutant is being controlled sequentially by 2 devices, enter
the Control Device ID number which represents the second control device; otherwise leave this field
blank.
23 Control Device(s) % Efficiency: Enter the total control efficiency of the control device(s). Be sure
to list control device efficiency separately for each pollutant affected. If you report control device
efficiency, you must also show capture efficiency in column 20.
24 Efficiency Reference Code: Enter the code (1 through 6) that best describes how you determined the
control device efficiency. A list of possible codes is included at the bottom of the form.
25 Estimated Actual Emissions (in pounds/year): You may round the calculated emissions values to the
nearest pound. Calculate as follows:
A. Emissions with no controls or controls are reflected in the emission factor:
Column 25 = line 11 × line 14 × column 16
B. Emissions after control:
Column 25 = line 11 × line 14 × column 16 × (1 – [column 20 × column 23])
Use the decimal equivalent for columns 20 and 23. Example: 96.123% = 0.96123
Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

12

Instructions for Reporting 2005 Emissions

General Process Form 2005

Permit number(s)

EXAMPLE: Internal Combustion

V99999

Place an X in any gray cell to mark data requested to be held confidential. See page 5 for requirements for information to be deemed confidential.
1- Process ID
80
2- Process Type/Description:

3 ENGINES FOR CRUSHING (EACH LESS THAN 600 HP)

3- Stack ID(s) (only if required on Stack Form)

________

20200102

25

Dec-Feb

7- Normal Operating Schedule:

⌧ Used (input)

________

Hours/Day
(military time)

%

8

Days/Week

0700

Start

25

Mar-May

%

5

Jun-Aug
Hours/Year

11- Annual Amount:

or

Produced (output)

or

CO

NOx
PM-10
SOx
VOC

Emission Factor (EF) Information
16
17
18
Emission
Factor (EF)
(number)

130
604
42.5
39.7
49.3

Emission
Factor
Unit (lb per)

M
M
M
M
M

19

20

Controlled
EF?
Yes or No

Calculation
Method
Code*

Capture %
Efficiency

N
N
N
N
N

5
5
5
5
5

GALS
GALS
GALS
GALS
GALS

* Calculation Method Codes:
1 = Continuous Emissions Monitoring Measurements
2 = Best Guess / Engineering Judgment
3 = Material Balance
4 = Source Test Measurements (Stack Test)
5 = AP-42 / FIRE Method or Emission Factor

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

25

Sep-Nov
Weeks/Year

%

52 x

DIESEL

__0.05_______%

GALLONS

14- Unit Conversion Factor (if needed to convert Unit of Measure to correlate with emission factor units)

15

2080

12- Fuel Sulfur Content (in percent)

13- Unit of Measure: (for example: tons, gallons, million cu ft, acres, units produced, etc.)

Pollutant

%

Existing (e.g. VMT, acres)

16,250

(a number)

25

1530

End

9- Emissions based on (name of material or other parameter, e.g. “rock”, “diesel”, “vehicle miles traveled”)
10-

________

IND:DIESEL-RECIPROCATING

(8 digit number)

6- Seasonal Throughput Percent:

8- Typical Hours of Operation:

________

FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL: INTERNAL COMBUSTION

020599

4- Process TIER Code:
5- SCC Code

_______

0.001

Control Device Information
21
22
23
Primary
Control
Device ID

Secondary
Control
Device ID

Control
Device(s) %
Efficiency

24

25

Efficiency
Reference
Code**

Estimated Actual
Emissions

2,113
9,815
691
645
801

6 = State or Local Agency Emission Factor
7 = Manufacturer Specifications
8 = Site-Specific Emission Factor
9 = Vendor Emission Factor
10 = Trade Group Emission Factor

13

lbs
lbs
lbs
lbs
lbs

** Control Efficiency Reference Codes:
1 = Tested efficiency / EPA reference method
2 = Tested efficiency / other source test method
3 = Design value from manufacturer
4 = Best guess / engineering estimate
5 = Calculated based on material balance
6 = Estimated, based on a published value

Instructions for Reporting 2005 Emissions

General Process Form 2005

Permit number(s)

EXAMPLE: Unpaved Road Travel

V99999

Place an X in any gray cell to mark data requested to be held confidential. See page 5 for requirements for information to be deemed confidential.
1- Process ID
28
2- Process Type/Description: UNPAVED ROAD TRAVEL: HEAVY-DUTY TRUCKS @ 15 MPH
_______

3- Stack ID(s) (only if required on Stack Form)
4- Process TIER Code:
5- SCC Code

________

140799

30502504

6- Seasonal Throughput Percent:

8- Typical Hours of Operation:

________

SAND/GRAVEL: HAULING
25

Dec-Feb

8

Hours/Day
(military time)

%

%

Used (input)

11- Annual Amount:

or

Produced (output)

Hours/Year

⌧ Existing (e.g. VMT, acres)

7,500

(a number)

2080

%

Sep-Nov
Weeks/Year

25

%

52 x

1530

End

or

25

Jun-Aug

5

Days/Week

0700

Start

25

Mar-May

9- Emissions based on (name of material or other parameter, e.g. “rock”, “diesel”, “vehicle miles traveled”)
10-

________

MISCELLANEOUS: FUGITIVE DUST
(8 digit number)

7- Normal Operating Schedule:

________

VEHICLE MILES TRAVELED (VMT)

12- Fuel Sulfur Content (in percent)

__

_______%

VMT

13- Unit of Measure: (for example: tons, gallons, million cu ft, acres, units produced, etc.)

14- Unit Conversion Factor (if needed to convert Unit of Measure to correlate with emission factor units)

15
Pollutant

PM-10

Emission Factor (EF) Information
16
17
18
Emission
Factor (EF)
(number)

3.2

Emission
Factor
Unit (lb per)

Control Device Information
21
22
23

19

20

Controlled
EF?
Yes or No

Calculation
Method
Code*

Capture %
Efficiency

Primary
Control
Device ID

N

6

100

4

VMT

Secondary
Control
Device ID

24

25

Control
Device(s) %
Efficiency

Efficiency
Reference
Code**

Estimated Actual
Emissions

70

6

7200

lbs
lbs
lbs
lbs
lbs
lbs

NOTE: Emissions in col. 25 are calculated as follows:
* Calculation Method Codes:
1 = Continuous Emissions Monitoring Measurements
2 = Best Guess / Engineering Judgment
3 = Material Balance
4 = Source Test Measurements (Stack Test)
5 = AP-42 / FIRE Method or Emission Factor

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

(line 11 × col. 16) × (1 – [col. 20 × col. 23])

6 = State or Local Agency Emission Factor
7 = Manufacturer Specifications
8 = Site-Specific Emission Factor
9 = Vendor Emission Factor
10 = Trade Group Emission Factor

14

** Control Efficiency Reference Codes
1 = Tested efficiency / EPA reference method
2 = Tested efficiency / other source test method
3 = Design value from manufacturer
4 = Best guess / engineering estimate
5 = Calculated based on material balance
6 = Estimated, based on a published value

Instructions for Reporting 2005 Emissions

Evaporative Process Form

Instructionss

The Evaporative Process Form is used to report all emissions produced by evaporation. Examples include:
cleaning with solvents, painting and other coatings, printing, using resin, evaporation of fuels from storage
tanks, ammonia use, etc. All other processes should be shown on the General Process Form.
One Evaporative Process Form may be used to report numerous materials, with each material given a
separate process ID number, as long as the information on lines 1–5 apply to all items on that form. Use a
separate form for each group of materials that has a different Process Type/Description (shown on line 1),
different Tier Code (line 2) or different operating schedule (lines 3, 4, or 5).
Data fields: (See sample forms on pages 17 and 18.)
1 Process Type/Description: Brief details of the activity in which the listed materials were used.
2

Process Tier Code: If this 6-digit code is not preprinted on your form, please refer to the Tier Code list at
www.maricopa.gov/aq/ei.aspx or call (602) 506-6790.

3

Seasonal Throughput Percent: Enter the percent of total annual operating time that occurred per season
(rounded to the nearest percent). For example, “Dec-Feb 30% ” means 30% of the total annual activity
occurred during January, February and December 2005. The total for all four seasons must equal 100%.

4 Normal Operating Schedule and
5 Typical Hours of Operation:

These represent the usual number of hours, time of day and weeks
per year when this process occurred during the calendar year.

6

Process ID: A number (up to three digits) that represents this specific material (process). Each process
on one form must have the same tier code and operating schedule as that shown in the top portion of the
form. This Process ID number can not be used for any other process at this business location. See page
6 of these instructions for more explanation of ID numbers and for exclusions and guidance on grouping
materials.

7

Stack ID(s): The stack ID number(s) shown in column 1 of the Stack Form that identify the stack(s)
which vent pollution created by this process. Not all businesses are required to report stacks. This is only
required if the Stack Form is required for your site (see page 9) and the process has a stack.

8

Material Type: Provide the name of the material used in this process. Give the chemical name for pure
chemicals or a name that reflects its use (paint, ink, etc.), rather than just a brand name or code number.
Examples of materials include: paint, thinner, degreasing solvent (plus its common name), ink, fountain
solution, ammonia, alcohol, ETO (ethylene oxide), gasoline (in a storage tank).

9

Annual Material Usage/Input: Amount of this material used during the year. In most cases, the amount
purchased is suitable. Write in “lbs” or “gal” (pounds or gallons).

10 Pollutant: The only pollutants reported on this form are VOC, HAP&NON and NHX (see definitions on
page 3). When one process (or material) has more than one of these pollutants, list each pollutant on a
separate line, using the same process ID number.

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

15

Instructions for Reporting 2005 Emissions

Evaporative Process Form (continued)
11 Emission Factor (EF): An emission factor is a number used to calculate the pounds of pollutant emitted
based on the quantity of material used in a process. Emission factors can be obtained from your supplier
(usually provided on a Material Safety Data Sheet or environmental data sheet), and must correspond
with the material units reported in column 9. If the material unit is “gal,” then the emission factor must
be in pounds of pollutant per gallon. If the material unit is “lb,” then the emission factor must be in
pounds of pollutant per pound of material.
Verify (and correct, where necessary) all pre-printed emission factors, as the composition of materials
used may have changed since your last report. A “lb/gal” emission factor is almost always less than 8 and
never greater than 14. A “lb/lb” emission factor is never larger than 1.0.
12 Pounds of pollutant sent off-site: Required only if you wish to take credit for reduced emissions because
waste of this material is sent off-site for recycling or disposal. Only waste generated during the report
year may be claimed. The Off-Site Recycling/Disposal Form must be completed if you wish to claim a
credit. The number of pounds reported in column 12 must equal the number of pounds reported on the
Off-Site Recycling/Disposal Form(s) for the same Process ID number.
13 and 14: Leave these fields blank if there is no control device present.
13 Capture % Efficiency: The percent of the pollutant from this process that is captured and sent to the
control device.
14 Control ID: If this pollutant is being controlled in this process, enter the Control Device ID number
from column 1 of the Control Device Form.
Control % Efficiency: Enter the percent of this pollutant that is controlled by this control device.
Code: Select the Control Efficiency Reference Code from the list at the bottom of the form.
15 Estimated Emissions (lbs/yr): Estimated pounds of the pollutant emitted during the year, after off-site
recycling/disposal and controls if applicable. Credit will not be given for off-site recycling/disposal
unless it is shown on the Off-Site Recycling/Disposal Form. Round to the nearest pound. If the
answer is 0, give a decimal answer to the first significant digit. Column 15 is calculated as follows:
Emissions without off-site recycling/disposal or controls:
Column 15 = column 9 × column 11
Emissions with off-site recycling/disposal:
Column 15 = (column 9 × column 11) – column 12
Emissions with off-site recycling/disposal and controls:
Column 15 = ([column 9 × column 11] – column 12) × (1 – [column 13 × column 14])
Use the decimal equivalent for columns 13 and 14. Example: 96.123% = 0.96123

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

16

Instructions for Reporting 2005 Emissions

EXAMPLE: Coating and Painting
Evaporative Process Form 2005

Permit number(s)

V99999

Place an X in any gray cell to mark data requested to be held confidential. See page 5 for requirements for information to be deemed confidential.
1- Process Type/Description:
2- Process TIER Code:

Coating metal widgets

080415

3- Seasonal Throughput Percent:
4- Normal Operating Schedule:
5- Typical Hours of Operation

SOLVENT USE: SURFACE COATING - MISC METAL PARTS
Dec-Feb

Hours/Day

25

%

8

Days/Week

(military time)

6

7

8

Process
ID

Stack
ID(s)

Material Type

800

1

801

1

802

1

803

1

804

1

Start

9

%

25

5

Hours/Year
End

0800

Jun-Aug
2080

25

%

Sep-Nov

25

%

Weeks/Year 52__

1700

10

11
Emission
Factor

EF
Units
(lbs per)

12

13

Pounds of
pollutant*
sent
off site

Capture
Efficiency
%

14
Control
ID

15

Control
Efficiency
%

Control
Efficiency
Code**

Estimated
Emissions
(lbs/yr)

lb
or
gal

VOC,
HAP&NON
or
NHx

95

gl

VOC

4.7

gal

%

%

447

120

gl

VOC

7.1

gal

%

%

852

940

gl

VOC

4.2

gal

%

%

3,948

707

gl

VOC

7.0

gal

%

%

4,949

20,200

lb

VOC

0.001

lb

Annual
Usage
Input

Lacquer
6455-06
lacq thinner
Paint red
4039-03
paint thinner
powder paint
8730-11

Mar-May

%
%

%
%

Note: Do NOT change pre-printed Process ID numbers. See page 6 of these instructions for information on how to delete materials that are no longer used, or to assign
Process ID numbers for new materials.

* If you have off-site recycling/disposal of any of the materials listed above, you must complete an Off-site Recycling/Disposal Form to receive
credit for reduced emissions.
NOTE: Emissions in col. 15 are calculated as follows:
** Control Efficiency Reference Codes
1 = Tested efficiency / EPA reference method
4 = Best guess / engineering estimate

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

([col. 9 × col. 11] – col. 12) × (1 – [col. 13 × col. 14])

2 = Tested efficiency / other source test method
5 = Calculated based on material balance

17

3 = Design value from manufacturer
6 = Estimated, based on a published value.

Instructions for Reporting 2005 Emissions

20

EXAMPLE: Cleaning solvent (with recycling)
Evaporative Process Form 2005

Permit number(s)

V99999

Place an X in any gray cell to mark data requested to be held confidential. See page 5 for requirements for information to be deemed confidential.
1- Process Type/Description:
2- Process TIER Code:

Cleaning metal parts

080103

3- Seasonal Throughput Percent:

Dec-Feb

4- Normal Operating Schedule:
5- Typical Hours of Operation

SOLVENT USE: DEGREASING - COLD CLEANING

Hours/Day

25

%

8

Days/Week

(military time)

6

7

8

Process
ID

Stack
ID(s)

Material Type

3

2

Mar-May

Start

9

%

25

Hours/Year

5

End

1300

Jun-Aug

25

%

2080

Sep-Nov

%

25

Weeks/Year 52__

1700

10

11
Emission
Factor

EF
Units
(lbs per)

12

13

Pounds of
pollutant*
sent
off site

Capture
Efficiency
%

14
Control
ID

15

Control
Efficienc
y
%

Control
Efficiency
Code**

Estimated
Emissions
(lbs/yr)

Annual Usage
Input

lb
or
gal

VOC,
HAP&NON
or
NHx

sanitizer

716

lb

VOC

1.0

lb

6

gun cleaner

180

gl

VOC

7.2

gl

569

%

%

727

7

xyz stripper

1300

gl

VOC

3.3

gl

1,884

%

%

2,406

8

cleaning
solvents
generoclean

358

gl

VOC

6.4

gl

1,006

%

%

1,285

2258

gl

VOC

6.8

gl

6,741

%

%

8,613

%

%

9

95 %

1

80 %

3

172

Note: Do NOT change pre-printed Process ID numbers. See page 6 of these instructions for information on how to delete materials that are no longer used, or to assign
Process ID numbers for new materials.

* If you have off-site recycling/disposal of any of the materials listed above, you must complete an Off-site Recycling/Disposal Form to receive
credit for reduced emissions.
NOTE:

This example shows the case where 2,400 of the original 4,096 gallons of materials #6 through 9 were captured
for off-site recycling, and the pollutant content of the waste material was estimated to be 75% of the
original. The pounds of pollutant sent off-site shown in column 12 is calculated on the example Off-Site
Recycling/Disposal Form on the next page.

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

18

Instructions for Reporting 2005 Emissions

EXAMPLE
Off-Site Recycling/Disposal Form 2005

Permit number(s)

V99999

NOTE: If you need blank copies of this form, call the Emissions Inventory Unit at
(602) 506-6790 or consult our web page at www.maricopa.gov/aq/ei.aspx.
Provide one off-site recycling/disposal form for each waste stream at your business location. A waste stream is the waste from
one or more processes mixed together to make one waste product before it is taken off site for recycling, disposal or combustion.
01
1) Assign a unique two-digit ID number to identify the waste stream that will be described below.
(Start with ID# 01 for first waste stream. Make copies of a blank Off-Site Recycling/Disposal form and use 02 for second,
etc.)
Check one:

pounds
gallons

2,400
2) What was the quantity of this waste stream in 2005?
Indicate whether this quantity is reported in pounds or gallons. Keep waste disposal company manifests as proof that this
amount of waste was taken off-site.
3) What was the average pollutant content of the waste stream? NOTE: Report in the same units (pounds or gallons) as used
in line 2.
VOC

4.25

lbs/unit

HAP&NON

lbs/ unit NHx

lbs/ unit

NOTE: Waste normally has less pollutant content than the new product. Some of the
pollutant evaporates during the use of the product, and there is usually dirt, water or
other contaminants in the waste stream. The estimated pollutant content of the waste is
usually between 50% and 95% of the new product. This example estimates an average VOC
content (on line 3) to be 75% of the original VOC content of 5.67 lbs/gal., to account
for evaporation and contaminants. See page 20 to calculate a weighted average.
4) Calculate the total annual pollutant content of the waste in this waste stream.
(volume of waste, from Line 2) × (pollutant content, from Line 3) = Total pollutants in waste stream, in lbs/yr.
VOC

10,200

lbs/yr HAP&NON

lbs/yr

NHx

lbs/yr

5) List the process ID numbers of the processes contributing to this waste stream. Also estimate the pounds of pollutant
that each process contributed to this waste stream.
NOTE: In this example, the amount each process material contributed to total pollutants
in the waste stream (Line 4) is based on the percentage, by weight, of each material
that contributed to the waste stream. (e.g. Process ID #6 contributed 5.6%, therefore
5.6% × 10,200 lbs/yr = 569 lbs. See example on page 20.)
NOTE: Column totals in the table below must equal the total for each pollutant type reported on line 4. The quantities
you report below for each pollutant and process must also be reported in column 12 on the Evaporative Process Form.
Process ID
6 Contributed about
7 Contributed about
8 Contributed about
9 Contributed about

Annual VOC (lbs)
569
1,884
1,006
6,741

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

Annual
HAP&NON (lbs)
lbs
lbs
lbs
lbs

19

Annual NHx (lbs)
lbs
lbs
lbs
lbs

lbs
lbs
lbs
lbs

Instructions for Reporting 2005 Emissions

EXAMPLE: Documentation of Emission Factor Calculations
Identify the process ID number(s) and pollutant(s). Show calculations made to obtain the emission factors used
for the process(es). Include references to data sources used, including the document name, date published, page
numbers, etc.

Emission Factor Calculation
Process ID

Permit number

201

V99999

Emission factors derived from source test performed 12/2/00 by XYZ Engineering
Company (copy of summary tables also attached).
Outlet (after controls):
CO
= 0.43 lb/hr × 1 hr/60 min × 1 min/77.9 cu. ft × 1,000,000 cu. ft/MMCF
= 92.0 lb/MMCF
= 0.09 lb/hr × 1 hr/60 min × 1 min/77.9 cu. ft × 1,000,000 cu. ft/MMCF
= 19.3 lb/MMCF

NOx

Weighted average sample calculation
NOTE: The example below shows how the weighted average of the materials going into the
waste stream is calculated. A weighted-average emission factor has been calculated
by listing usage amounts and emission factors for each material, summing each
column, and then dividing the total emissions by the total gallons used.
In this example: 23,231 lbs ÷ 4,096 gal = 5.67 lb/gal average VOC content. This
emission factor is then used to calculate the average pollutant content in the Offsite Recycling / Disposal Form example.
This process can also be used to find the weighted average emission factor for
similar materials if you are reporting them together as a single line item on the
Evaporative Process form. Refer to the explanation of “grouping” on page 6.

Process
ID #
6
7
8
9

Material Type
gun cleaner
xyz stripper
cleaning solvent
generoclean solvent
Totals:
Average
VOC content:

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

2005
Usage

Units

180
1,300
358
2,258
4,096

gal
gal
gal
gal
gal

7.2
3.3
6.4
6.8

23,231 lbs.
4,096 gals

20

VOC Emissions
(= Usage × VOC
content)
1,296 lbs.
4,290 lbs.
2,291 lbs.
15,354 lbs.
23,231 lbs.

VOC
(lbs/unit)

=

Percent contributed
to waste stream

5.6 %
18.5
9.9
66.1
100.0

%
%
%
%

5.67
lb/gal

Instructions for Reporting 2005 Emissions

EXAMPLE (for all sources except Title V sources)
Data Certification Form 2005

Permit number

999999

For EACH pollutant listed, total up all emissions recorded on your General Process and Evaporative Process Forms. Enter these
numbers in column 1, “Totals from Process Forms.” Report any emissions from accidental releases in column 2.
Add the figures in each row across, and enter the result in column 3, “Total Emissions”.
NOTE: “Accidental Releases” reported in column 2 should include all excess emissions
reported to the Department under Rule 140, Section 500.
(1)
Totals from
Process Forms

Summary of 2005 Annual Emissions:

2,113
0
0
0
24,220
9,815
645
7,891

CO
NHx
Lead
HAP&NON
VOC
NOx
SOx
PM10

(2)
+ Accidental
Releases

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

(3)
= TOTAL
2005 Emissions

2,113
0
0
0
24,220
9,815
645
7,891

NOTE: Review specific requirements for data confidentiality on page 5. We cannot hold
any data confidential without the required documentation.

TO COMPLETE YOUR EMISSIONS INVENTORY REPORT:
-

Complete the Confidentiality Statement below.
Sign and date this form below where indicated.
Send the original copy of your completed forms: Maricopa County Air Quality Department, Emissions Inventory Unit,
1001 N. Central Ave., Suite 100, Phoenix, AZ 85004. Keep a copy of all forms for your records.

CONFIDENTIALITY STATEMENT:
This annual emissions report contains requests to keep some data confidential.
YES
NO
If you check “YES”, you must submit documentation and meet certain requirements before your data can be deemed confidential.
See enclosed instructions for further details.
NOTE: The Data Certification form must be signed by a responsible company official.
CERTIFICATION STATEMENT:
I declare under penalty of perjury that the data (e.g. inputs, emission factors, controls, and annual emissions) presented herein
represents the best available information and is true, accurate and complete to the best of my knowledge.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Signature of owner/business officer
Date of signature
Telephone number
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Type or print full name of owner/business officer
Type or print full title

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

21

Instructions for Reporting 2005 Emissions

How to calculate an emission fee (for Title V sources only):
1. For each pollutant listed on the “Data Certification/Fee Calculation” form, total up all emissions
recorded on your General Process and Evaporative Process Forms. Enter these numbers in column 1,
“Totals from Process Forms.”
NOTE: While most processes that generate PM10 should be reported on line 5 of the Data Certification/Fee
Calculation form, “[f]ugitive emissions of PM10 from activities other than crushing, belt transfers,
screening, or stacking” (County Rule 280, § 305.2d) are NOT subject to annual emission fees. The most
common occurrences of these PM10-producing activities that are NON-billable are listed below:
SCC codes and description of PM10-producing processes that are NOT subject to emission fees
SCC
30200814
30400737
30500120
30500121
30500134
30500135
30500141
30500143
30500203
30500212
30500213
30500290
30500303
30500608
30500708
30501710
30502007
30502011
30502504
30502507
30502760
30531090
30532007
30704002
31100199
31100299
50100401
50100402
50100403
50100404
50100405

Major Category Subcategory

Facility / Process Type

Process Description

Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes
Waste Disposal
Waste Disposal
Waste Disposal
Waste Disposal
Waste Disposal

Feed Manufacture
Steel Foundries
Asphalt Roofing Manufacture
Asphalt Roofing Manufacture
Asphalt Roofing Manufacture
Asphalt Roofing Manufacture
Asphalt Roofing Manufacture
Asphalt Roofing Manufacture
Asphalt Concrete
Asphalt Concrete
Asphalt Concrete
Asphalt Concrete
Brick Manufacture
Cement Manufacturing (Dry Process)
Cement Manufacturing (Wet Process)
Mineral Wool
Stone Quarrying - Processing
Stone Quarrying - Processing
Construction Sand and Gravel
Construction Sand and Gravel
Industrial Sand and Gravel
Coal Mining, Cleaning, Material Handling
Stone Quarrying - Processing
Bulk Handling and Storage - Wood/Bark
Construction: Building Contractors
Demolitions/Special Trade Contracts
Landfill Dump
Landfill Dump
Landfill Dump
Landfill Dump
Landfill Dump

Storage
Raw Material Silo
Storage Bins: Ferric Chloride
Storage Bins: Mineral Stabilizer
Blown Saturant Storage
Blown Coating Storage
Granules Storage
Mineral Dust Storage
Storage Piles
Heated Asphalt Storage Tanks
Storage Silo
Haul Roads: General
Storage of Raw Materials
Raw Material Piles
Raw Material Piles
Storage of Oils and Binders
Open Storage
Hauling
Hauling
Storage Piles
Sand Handling, Transfer, & Storage
Haul Roads: General
Open Storage
Stockpiles
Other Not Classified
Other Construction/Demolition
Unpaved Road Traffic
Fugitive Emissions
Area Method
Trench Method
Ramp Method

Food and Agriculture
Secondary Metal Production
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Mineral Products
Pulp and Paper & Wood Pdts.
Building Construction
Building Construction
Solid Waste Disposal
Solid Waste Disposal
Solid Waste Disposal
Solid Waste Disposal
Solid Waste Disposal

2. Report any accidental releases in column 2. Add columns 1 and 2 together for each pollutant, and enter
the sum in column 3. Sum lines 1 through 5 together, and enter the total on line 6.
3. Divide your facility's total billable emissions (on line 6) by 2000 to convert pounds into tons. Round to
the nearest ton. Enter this value on line 7. Multiply this number by $13.65, and enter the result on line
8. This is your 2005 emission fee.

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

22

Instructions for Reporting 2005 Emissions

EXAMPLE (for Title V sources only)
Data Certification/Fee Calculation Form 2005

Permit number

V99999

For EACH pollutant listed, total up all emissions recorded on your General Process and Evaporative Process Forms. Enter these
numbers in column 1, “Totals from Process Forms.” Report any emissions from accidental releases in column 2.
Add the figures in each row across, and enter the result in column 3, “Total Emissions”.
Carefully follow the instructions on lines 6 through 8 to calculate any emission fee owed.
NOTE: “Accidental Releases” reported in column 2 should include all excess emissions
reported to the Department under Rule 140, Section 500.
(1)
Totals from
Process Forms

Summary of 2005 Annual Emissions:

2,113
0
0
7,200

CO
NHx
Lead
PM10 (non-billable; see page 22)

(2)
+ Accidental
Releases

(3)
= TOTAL
2005 Emissions

0
0
0
0

2,113
0
0
7,200

Emissions fees are based on your emissions of the following pollutants ONLY:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

8

0
24,220
9,815
645
691

HAP&NON
VOC
NOx
SOx
PM10 (billable; see page 22)

0
0
0
0
0

0
24,220
9,815
645
691
35,371

Add “TOTAL” column from lines 1 through 5 ONLY:
Divide the total on line 6 by 2000 (pounds per ton) to get tons, and round the number to the
nearest ton. (Drop any decimal of .499 or less. Increase to the next whole number any
decimal of .500 or more.) Enter the resulting WHOLE NUMBER here.
Multiply line 7 (a WHOLE number) by $ 13.65.
This is your 2005 ANNUAL EMISSION FEE.

18

$

lbs.

TONS

245.70

NOTE: Review specific requirements for data confidentiality on page 5. We cannot hold
any data confidential without the required documentation.

TO COMPLETE YOUR EMISSIONS INVENTORY REPORT:
-

Include a check (made payable to Maricopa County Air Quality Department) for the amount calculated on line 8 above.
Complete the Confidentiality Statement below.
Sign and date this form below where indicated.
Send the original copy of your completed forms, along with any emission fee due to: Maricopa County Air Quality Department,
Emissions Inventory Unit, 1001 N. Central Ave., Suite 100, Phoenix, AZ 85004. Keep a copy of all forms for your records.

CONFIDENTIALITY STATEMENT:
This annual emissions report contains requests to keep some data confidential.
YES
NO
If you check “YES”, you must submit documentation and meet certain requirements before your data can be deemed confidential.
See enclosed instructions for further details.
NOTE: The Data Certification form must be signed by a responsible company official.
CERTIFICATION STATEMENT:
I declare under penalty of perjury that the data (e.g. inputs, emission factors, controls, and annual emissions) presented herein
represents the best available information and is true, accurate and complete to the best of my knowledge.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Signature of owner/business officer
Date of signature
Telephone number
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Type or print full name of owner/business officer
Type or print full title

Maricopa County Emissions Inventory Unit

23

Instructions for Reporting 2005 Emissions

Appendix 2.2
Calculating Rule Effectiveness for Controlled (Title V and non-Title V)
Point Source Processes

Title V

A. Most important factors (2 criteria, each assigned weighting of 20% of total):

Range

Monitoring

Compliance
History

94%

100%

87%

93%

81%

86%

70%

80%
< 70%

94%

100%

87%

93%

81%

86%

70%

80%
< 70%

Midpt.
value

Description
Source specific monitoring used for compliance purposes, and
monitoring records filed with regulatory agency at least every 4
97% months.
Source specific monitoring used as an indicator of compliance,
and monitoring records filed with regulatory agency every 6 to 9
90% months.

Value
Score
assigned to (= weight ×
Weight MCAQD
value)

20%

90%

18.0%

18 of 39
facilities

9.0%

5 of 39
facilities

2.3%

Source specific monitoring used as an indicator of compliance,
84% and monitoring records filed with regulatory agency each year.
General guidance exists for source specific enhanced monitoring,
and monitoring records required but aren’t submitted to
75% regulatory agency.
35% No requirements for any type of monitoring.

97% The facility has been in compliance for the past eight quarters.
The facility is believed to have been in compliance for the past
eight quarters, although inspection frequency is such that this
90% can’t be positively confirmed.
84% On schedule; the facility is meeting its compliance schedule.
In Violation; facility is in violation of emissions and/or
75% procedural requirements.
High Priority Violator (HPV): the facility is in significant
35% violation of one or more applicable requirement of the CAA.
20%

7 of 39
facilities
9 of 39
facilities
Sum:

2.7%
1.6%
15.6%

B. Other important factors (4 criteria, each assigned weighting of 6% of total):
Type of
Inspection

Operation &
Maintenance

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%
70%

86%
80%

84%
75%

< 70%

35%

94%

100%

87%

93%

81%
70%

86%
80%
< 70%

Inspections involve compliance test methods with a high degree
of accuracy, such as stack testing or other types of precise
emissions measurement.
Inspections involve detailed review of process parameters &
inspection of control equipment.
Inspections involve review of process and inspection of control
equipment.
Inspections generally consist of only a records review.
Inspections most likely consist of visual inspection (e.g., opacity),
or drive by.

6%

97%

5.8%

6%

90%

5.4%

Control equipment operators follow and sign daily O&M
97% instructions.
90% Control equipment operators follow daily O&M instructions.
Control equipment operators follow daily or weekly O&M
84% instructions.
75% O&M requirements exist, but on no specific schedule.
35% No specific O&M requirements.

1 of 4

Title V

Range
Unannounced
Inspections

Enforcement
Penalties

94%
87%
81%
70%

100%
93%
86%
80%
< 70%

Midpt.
value
97%
90%
84%
75%
35%

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%

75%

< 70%

35%

Description
Routinely conducted.
Sometimes done.
Done, but infrequently.
Rarely done.
Never done.

Agency has the authority to impose punitive measures, including
monetary fines, towards violators such as in delegated Title V
Operating Permit programs.
Agency has the authority to impose punitive measures, including
monetary fines, towards violators such as in delegated Title V
Operating Permit programs.
Agency has the authority to impose punitive measures, including
monetary fines, towards violators such as in delegated Title V
Operating Permit programs.
Agency has the authority to impose punitive measures, including
monetary fines, towards violators such as in delegated Title V
Operating Permit programs.
Agency does not have sufficient authority to impose punitive
measures towards violators.

Value
Score
assigned to (= weight ×
Weight MCAQD
value)
6%

97%

5.8%

6%

97%

5.82%

4%

97%

3.88%

4%

97%

3.88%

4%

97%

3.88%

C. Other factors (9 criteria, each assigned weighting of 4% of total):
Compliance
Certifications

94%

100%

87%

93%

Source subject to Title V or other type of compliance
97% certification.
Source subject to Title V or other type of compliance
90% certification.

81%

86%

84% Source not subject to any type of compliance certification.

70%

Inspection
Frequency

EPA HPV
Enforcement

80%

75% Source not subject to any type of compliance certification.

< 70%

35% Source not subject to any type of compliance certification.

94%
87%
81%
70%

100%
93%
86%
80%
< 70%

97%
90%
84%
75%
35%

94%

100%

87%

93%

81%

86%

70%

80%
< 70%

Source(s) are inspected once every 2 years or more frequently.
Source(s) inspected every 3 years or more frequently.
Source(s) inspected every 5 years or more frequently.
Inspection of source(s) infrequent. > every 5 years.
Inspections rarely, if ever, performed.

Agency has sufficient resources to implement EPA’s 12/22/98
97% HPV policy.
Agency’s resources allow it to implement EPA’s 12/22/98 HPV
90% policy in most instances.
Agency’s resources allow it to implement EPA’s 12/22/98 HPV
84% policy in most instances.
Agency’s resources allow it to implement EPA’s 12/22/98 HPV
75% policy more often than not.
Resource constraints prohibit agency from implementing EPA’s
35% 12/22/98 HPV policy in most instances.

2 of 4

Title V

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%
70%

86%
0.8
< 70%

84%
75%
35%

Description
Control equipment operators complete a formal training program
on use of the equipment, and such program is kept up to date and
has been reviewed by the regulatory agency.
Control equipment operators complete formal training program,
and such program is kept up to date and available for review by
the regulatory agency upon request.
Control equipment operators complete some amount of formal
training.
Control equipment operators receive only on the job training .
Control equipment operators receive no specific training.

94%
87%
81%
70%

100%
93%
86%
80%
< 70%

97%
90%
84%
75%
35%

Media publicity of enforcement actions.
Media publicity of enforcement actions.
Media publicity of enforcement actions.
Media publicity of enforcement actions.
No media publicity of enforcement actions.

Range
Operator
Training

Media
Publicity

Midpt.
value

Regulatory
Workshops
94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%

75%

< 70%

35%

Inspector
Training
94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%

75%

< 70%

Regulatory workshops are available annually, and/or the
implementing agency mails regulatory information packages each
year.
Regulatory workshop are available every 1-2 years, and/or the
implementing agency mails regulatory information packages
every 1-2 years.
Regulatory workshop are available every 2-3 years, and/or the
implementing agency mails regulatory information packages once
every 2-3 years.
Regulatory workshop not routinely available, but implementing
agency mails regulatory information packages out about once
every 2-3 years.
Regulatory workshops not routinely available. implementing
agency mails regulatory information packages infrequently, if
ever.

Inspectors must undergo 2 weeks of comprehensive basic
training, and 1 to 2 weeks of source specific training, and such
training is updated each year.
Inspectors must undergo 1 to 2 weeks of basic training and 1
week of source specific training, and such training is updated
every 1-2 years.
Inspectors must undergo 1 to 2 weeks of basic training and 3 to 5
days of source specific training, and such training is updated
every 1-2 years.
Inspectors must undergo 1 to 2 weeks of basic training and 1 to 3
days of source specific training, and such training is updated
every 1-2 years.

Inspectors must undergo less than 5 days of basic training less
than 3 days of source specific training, and such training is
35% updated only every 2 years or less frequently.

3 of 4

Value
Score
assigned to (= weight ×
Weight MCAQD
value)

4%

84%

3.36%

4%

97%

3.88%

4%

97%

3.88%

4%

90%

3.60%

Title V

Range
Testing
Guidelines

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%

75%

< 70%

Follow-up
Inspections

Midpt.
value

94%

100%

87%

93%

81%

86%

70%

80%
< 70%

35%

Description
Specific guidelines and schedule for testing and test methods
exist.
Specific guidelines on testing and test methods exist, but no
schedule for testing.
Specific guidelines on testing and test methods exist, but no
schedule for testing.
Specific guidelines on testing and test methods, but no schedule
for testing.
Only general guidance on testing, or no mention of testing
requirements.

Follow-up inspections always or almost always done (90 % of the
97% time or more).
Follow-up inspections usually done (approximately 75% of the
90% time).
Follow-up inspections sometimes done (approximately 50% of
84% the time).
Follow-up inspections infrequently done (approximately 25% of
75% the time).
Follow-up inspections rarely or never done (10% of the time or
35% less)

Value
Score
assigned to (= weight ×
Weight MCAQD
value)
4%

97%

3.88%

4%

97%

3.88%

90.55%

4 of 4

Non-Title V

A. Most important factors (2 criteria, each assigned weighting of 20% of total):

Range

Monitoring

Compliance
History

Midpt.
value

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%
< 70%

75%
35%

94%

100%

97%

87%
81%

93%
86%

90%
84%

70%

80%

75%

< 70%

35%

Description
Source specific monitoring used for compliance purposes, and
monitoring records filed with regulatory agency at least every 4
months.
Source specific monitoring used as an indicator of compliance,
and monitoring records filed with regulatory agency every 6 to 9
months.
Source specific monitoring used as an indicator of compliance,
and monitoring records filed with regulatory agency each year.
General guidance exists for source specific enhanced monitoring,
and monitoring records required but aren’t submitted to
regulatory agency.
No requirements for any type of monitoring.

Value
Score
assigned to (= weight ×
Weight MCAQD
value)

20%

The facility has been in compliance for the past eight quarters.
The facility is believed to have been in compliance for the past
eight quarters, although inspection frequency is such that this
can’t be positively confirmed.
On schedule; the facility is meeting its compliance schedule.
In Violation; facility is in violation of emissions and/or
procedural requirements.
High Priority Violator (HPV): the facility is in significant
violation of one or more applicable requirement of the CAA.

75%

15.0%

182 of 748
facilities

4.7%

404 of 748
facilities

9.7%

156 of 748
facilities
6 of 748
facilities
Sum:

0.1%
17.6%

6%

90%

5.4%

6%

90%

5.4%

3.1%

B Other important factors (4 criteria, each assigned weighting of 6% of total):
Type of
Inspection

Operation &
Maintenance

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%
70%

86%
80%

84%
75%

< 70%

35%

94%
87%
81%
70%

100%
93%
86%
80%
< 70%

97%
90%
84%
75%
35%

Inspections involve compliance test methods with a high degree
of accuracy, such as stack testing or other types of precise
emissions measurement.
Inspections involve detailed review of process parameters &
inspection of control equipment.
Inspections involve review of process and inspection of control
equipment.
Inspections generally consist of only a records review.
Inspections most likely consist of visual inspection (e.g.,
opacity), or drive by.

Control equipment operators follow and sign daily O&M
instructions.
Control equipment operators follow daily O&M instructions.
Control equipment operators follow daily or weekly O&M
instructions.
O&M requirements exist, but on no specific schedule.
No specific O&M requirements.

Page 1 of 4

Non-Title V

Range
Unannounced
Inspections
94% 100%
87% 93%
81% 86%
70% 80%
< 70%

Enforcement
Penalties

Midpt.
value
97%
90%
84%
75%
35%

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%

75%

< 70%

35%

Description
Routinely conducted.
Sometimes done.
Done, but infrequently.
Rarely done.
Never done.

Agency has the authority to impose punitive measures, including
monetary fines, towards violators such as in delegated Title V
Operating Permit programs.
Agency has the authority to impose punitive measures, including
monetary fines, towards violators such as in delegated Title V
Operating Permit programs.
Agency has the authority to impose punitive measures, including
monetary fines, towards violators such as in delegated Title V
Operating Permit programs.
Agency has the authority to impose punitive measures, including
monetary fines, towards violators such as in delegated Title V
Operating Permit programs.
Agency does not have sufficient authority to impose punitive
measures towards violators.

Value
Score
assigned to (= weight ×
Weight MCAQD
value)
6%

97%

5.8%

6%

97%

5.82%

4%

75%

3.00%

4%

97%

3.88%

4%

97%

3.88%

C. Other factors (9 criteria, each assigned weighting of 4% of total):
Compliance
Certifications 94%

Inspection
Frequency

EPA HPV
Enforcement

100%

97%

87%
81%
70%

93%
86%
80%
< 70%

90%
84%
75%
35%

Source subject to Title V or other type of compliance
certification.
Source subject to Title V or other type of compliance
certification.
Source not subject to any type of compliance certification.
Source not subject to any type of compliance certification.
Source not subject to any type of compliance certification.

94%
87%
81%
70%

100%
93%
86%
80%
< 70%

97%
90%
84%
75%
35%

Source(s) are inspected once every 2 years or more frequently.
Source(s) inspected every 3 years or more frequently.
Source(s) inspected every 5 years or more frequently.
Inspection of source(s) infrequent. > every 5 years.
Inspections rarely, if ever, performed.

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%

75%

< 70%

35%

Agency has sufficient resources to implement EPA’s 12/22/98
HPV policy.
Agency’s resources allow it to implement EPA’s 12/22/98 HPV
policy in most instances.
Agency’s resources allow it to implement EPA’s 12/22/98 HPV
policy in most instances.
Agency’s resources allow it to implement EPA’s 12/22/98 HPV
policy more often than not.
Resource constraints prohibit agency from implementing EPA’s
12/22/98 HPV policy in most instances.

Page 2 of 4

Non-Title V

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%
70%

86%
80%
< 70%

84%
75%
35%

Description
Control equipment operators complete a formal training program
on use of the equipment, and such program is kept up to date and
has been reviewed by the regulatory agency.
Control equipment operators complete formal training program,
and such program is kept up to date and available for review by
the regulatory agency upon request.
Control equipment operators complete some amount of formal
training.
Control equipment operators receive only on the job training .
Control equipment operators receive no specific training.

94%
87%
81%
70%

100%
93%
86%
80%
< 70%

97%
90%
84%
75%
35%

Media publicity of enforcement actions.
Media publicity of enforcement actions.
Media publicity of enforcement actions.
Media publicity of enforcement actions.
No media publicity of enforcement actions.

Range
Operator
Training

Media
Publicity

Regulatory
Workshops

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%

75%

< 70%

Inspector
Training

Midpt.
value

35%

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%

75%

< 70%

35%

Regulatory workshops are available annually, and/or the
implementing agency mails regulatory information packages each
year.
Regulatory workshop are available every 1-2 years, and/or the
implementing agency mails regulatory information packages
every 1-2 years.
Regulatory workshop are available every 2-3 years, and/or the
implementing agency mails regulatory information packages once
every 2-3 years.
Regulatory workshop not routinely available, but implementing
agency mails regulatory information packages out about once
every 2-3 years.
Regulatory workshops not routinely available. implementing
agency mails regulatory information packages infrequently, if
ever.

Inspectors must undergo 2 weeks of comprehensive basic
training, and 1 to 2 weeks of source specific training, and such
training is updated each year.
Inspectors must undergo 1 to 2 weeks of basic training and 1
week of source specific training, and such training is updated
every 1-2 years.
Inspectors must undergo 1 to 2 weeks of basic training and 3 to 5
days of source specific training, and such training is updated
every 1-2 years.
Inspectors must undergo 1 to 2 weeks of basic training and 1 to 3
days of source specific training, and such training is updated
every 1-2 years.
Inspectors must undergo less than 5 days of basic training less
than 3 days of source specific training, and such training is
updated only every 2 years or less frequently.

Page 3 of 4

Value
Score
assigned to (= weight ×
Weight MCAQD
value)

4%

75%

3.00%

4%

97%

3.88%

4%

97%

3.88%

4%

90%

3.60%

Non-Title V

Range
Testing
Guidelines

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%

75%

< 70%

Follow-up
Inspections

Midpt.
value

35%

94%

100%

97%

87%

93%

90%

81%

86%

84%

70%

80%

75%

< 70%

35%

Description
Specific guidelines and schedule for testing and test methods
exist.
Specific guidelines on testing and test methods exist, but no
schedule for testing.
Specific guidelines on testing and test methods exist, but no
schedule for testing.
Specific guidelines on testing and test methods, but no schedule
for testing.
Only general guidance on testing, or no mention of testing
requirements.

Follow-up inspections always or almost always done (90 % of the
time or more).
Follow-up inspections usually done (approximately 75% of the
time).
Follow-up inspections sometimes done (approximately 50% of
the time).
Follow-up inspections infrequently done (approximately 25% of
the time).
Follow-up inspections rarely or never done (10% of the time or
less)

Value
Score
assigned to (= weight ×
Weight MCAQD
value)
4%

97%

3.88%

4%

97%

3.88%

87.95%

Page 4 of 4

Appendix 5
MOBILE6.2 Inputs, Outputs, and Emission Factors

In order to calculate vehicle emission factors for the 2005 annual average day and peak ozone
season, two MOBILE6.2 runs were performed for each month as follows: I/M program in place
and no I/M program in place. A portion of the MOBILE6.2 input and output files are provided
in this appendix as an example. Scenarios for each facility type are characterized by average
speed and the roadway scenario in the input file. The MOBILE6.2 emission factors produced by
the runs were subsequently weighted together using the appropriate proportions as described in
Section 5.5 Emission Factor Estimation.

MOBILE6.2 Input
MOBILE6 INPUT FILE : RUN DATA
NO 2007 HDDV RULE :
STAGE II REFUELING :
94 1 80.77 80.77 I/M PROGRAM
: 1 1977 2050 1 T/O LOADED/IDLE
I/M MODEL YEARS
: 1 1967 2050
I/M VEHICLES
: 1 11111 22222222 2
I/M STRINGENCY
: 1 28.0
I/M COMPLIANCE
: 1 97.0
I/M WAIVER RATES
: 1 1.3 1.0
I/M GRACE PERIOD
: 1 5
I/M PROGRAM
: 2 1977 2050 2 T/O IM240
I/M MODEL YEARS
: 2 1981 1995
I/M VEHICLES
: 2 22222 11111111 1
I/M STRINGENCY
: 2 28.0
I/M COMPLIANCE
: 2 97.0
I/M WAIVER RATES
: 2 1.3 1.0
I/M GRACE PERIOD
: 2 5
I/M CUTPOINTS
: 2 CUTPNT05.d
I/M PROGRAM
: 3 1977 2050 1 T/O LOADED/IDLE
I/M MODEL YEARS
: 3 1967 1980
I/M VEHICLES
: 3 22222 11111111 1
I/M STRINGENCY
: 3 28.0
I/M COMPLIANCE
: 3 97.0
I/M WAIVER RATES
: 3 1.3 1.0
I/M PROGRAM
: 4 2001 2050 2 T/O OBD I/M
I/M MODEL YEARS
: 4 1996 2050
I/M VEHICLES
: 4 22222 11111111 1
I/M STRINGENCY
: 4 28.0
I/M COMPLIANCE
: 4 97.0
I/M WAIVER RATES
: 4 1.3 1.0
I/M GRACE PERIOD
: 4 5
I/M PROGRAM
: 5 2001 2050 2 T/O EVAP OBD & GC
I/M MODEL YEARS
: 5 1996 2050
I/M VEHICLES
: 5 22222 11111111 1
I/M STRINGENCY
: 5 28.0
I/M COMPLIANCE
: 5 97.0
I/M WAIVER RATES
: 5 1.3 1.0
I/M GRACE PERIOD
: 5 5
ANTI-TAMP PROG
:
87 75 80 22222 22222222 2 11 097. 22111222
ANTI-TAMP PROG
:
87 81 95 11111 22222222 2 11 097. 22111222 REG DIST
: 02reg05.d
DIESEL FRACTIONS
:
0.0009 0.0009 0.0009 0.0009 0.0009 0.0009 0.0009 0.0009 0.0009 0.0009
0.0006 0.0001 0.0003 0.0006 0.0013 0.0004 0.0004 0.0001 0.0027 0.0032
0.0097 0.0162 0.0241 0.0510 0.0706
0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0007 0.0033
0.0048 0.0120 0.0223 0.0656 0.0616
0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0007 0.0033
0.0048 0.0120 0.0223 0.0656 0.0616
0.0126 0.0126 0.0126 0.0126 0.0126 0.0126 0.0126 0.0126 0.0126 0.0126
0.0115 0.0111 0.0145 0.0115 0.0129 0.0096 0.0083 0.0072 0.0082 0.0124
0.0135 0.0169 0.0209 0.0256 0.0013
0.0126 0.0126 0.0126 0.0126 0.0126 0.0126 0.0126 0.0126 0.0126 0.0126
0.0115 0.0111 0.0145 0.0115 0.0129 0.0096 0.0083 0.0072 0.0082 0.0124
0.0135 0.0169 0.0209 0.0256 0.0013
0.1998 0.1998 0.1998 0.1998 0.1998 0.1998 0.1998 0.1998 0.1998 0.1998
0.2578 0.2515 0.3263 0.2784 0.2963 0.2384 0.2058 0.1756 0.1958 0.2726
0.2743 0.3004 0.2918 0.2859 0.0138
0.6774 0.6774 0.6774 0.6774 0.6774 0.6774 0.6774 0.6774 0.6774 0.6774
0.7715 0.7910 0.8105 0.8068 0.8280 0.8477 0.7940 0.7488 0.7789 0.7842
0.6145 0.5139 0.5032 0.4277 0.0079
0.8606 0.8606 0.8606 0.8606 0.8606 0.8606 0.8606 0.8606 0.8606 0.8606
0.8473 0.8048 0.8331 0.7901 0.7316 0.7275 0.7158 0.5647 0.3178 0.2207
0.1968 0.1570 0.0738 0.0341 0.0414
0.4647 0.4647 0.4647 0.4647 0.4647 0.4647 0.4647 0.4647 0.4647 0.4647
0.4384 0.3670 0.4125 0.3462 0.2771 0.2730 0.2616 0.1543 0.0615 0.0383
0.0333 0.0255 0.0111 0.0049 0.0060
0.6300 0.6300 0.6300 0.6300 0.6300 0.6300 0.6300 0.6300 0.6300 0.6300
0.6078 0.5246 0.5767 0.5289 0.5788 0.5617 0.4537 0.4216 0.4734 0.4705
0.4525 0.4310 0.3569 0.3690 0.4413
0.8563 0.8563 0.8563 0.8563 0.8563 0.8563 0.8563 0.8563 0.8563 0.8563
0.8443 0.7943 0.8266 0.7972 0.8279 0.8177 0.7440 0.7184 0.7588 0.7567
0.7431 0.7261 0.6602 0.6717 0.7344
0.9992 0.9992 0.9992 0.9992 0.9992 0.9992 0.9992 0.9992 0.9992 0.9992
0.9989 0.9987 0.9989 0.9977 0.9984 0.9982 0.9979 0.9969 0.9978 0.9980
0.9979 0.9976 0.9969 0.9978 0.9982
1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000
1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000
1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000
0.9585 0.9585 0.9585 0.9585 0.9585 0.9585 0.9585 0.9585 0.9585 0.9585
0.8857 0.8525 0.8795 0.9900 0.9105 0.8760 0.7710 0.7502 0.7345 0.6733
0.5155 0.3845 0.3238 0.3260 0.2639 ** Rural: Principal Arterial - Interstate
SCENARIO RECORD
: I/M Rural Principal Arterial - Interstate, July 2005
CALENDAR YEAR
: 2005
EVALUATION MONTH
: 7
ALTITUDE
: 1
MIN/MAX TEMPERATURE: 79. 116.
FUEL RVP
: 7.0
AVERAGE SPEED
: 58.0 Freeway
VMT BY FACILITY
: allfwy.def
FUEL PROGRAM
: 2 S ** Rural: Principal Arterial - Other
SCENARIO RECORD
: I/M Rural Principal Arterial - Other, July 2005
CALENDAR YEAR
: 2005
EVALUATION MONTH
: 7
ALTITUDE
: 1

MIN/MAX TEMPERATURE:
FUEL RVP
:
AVERAGE SPEED
:
VMT BY FACILITY
:
FUEL PROGRAM
:
SCENARIO RECORD
:
CALENDAR YEAR
:
EVALUATION MONTH
:
ALTITUDE
:
MIN/MAX TEMPERATURE:
FUEL RVP
:
AVERAGE SPEED
:
VMT BY FACILITY
:
FUEL PROGRAM
:
SCENARIO RECORD
:
CALENDAR YEAR
:
EVALUATION MONTH
:
ALTITUDE
:
MIN/MAX TEMPERATURE:
FUEL RVP
:
AVERAGE SPEED
:
VMT BY FACILITY
:
FUEL PROGRAM
:
SCENARIO RECORD
:
CALENDAR YEAR
:
EVALUATION MONTH
:
ALTITUDE
:
MIN/MAX TEMPERATURE:
FUEL RVP
:
AVERAGE SPEED
:
VMT BY FACILITY
:
FUEL PROGRAM
:
SCENARIO RECORD
:
CALENDAR YEAR
:
EVALUATION MONTH
:
ALTITUDE
:
MIN/MAX TEMPERATURE:
FUEL RVP
:
AVERAGE SPEED
:
VMT BY FACILITY
:
FUEL PROGRAM
:
SCENARIO RECORD
:
CALENDAR YEAR
:
EVALUATION MONTH
:
ALTITUDE
:
MIN/MAX TEMPERATURE:
FUEL RVP
:
AVERAGE SPEED
:
VMT BY FACILITY
:
FUEL PROGRAM
:
SCENARIO RECORD
:
CALENDAR YEAR
:
EVALUATION MONTH
:
ALTITUDE
:
MIN/MAX TEMPERATURE:
FUEL RVP
:
AVERAGE SPEED
:
VMT BY FACILITY
:
FUEL PROGRAM
:
SCENARIO RECORD
:
CALENDAR YEAR
:
EVALUATION MONTH
:
ALTITUDE
:
MIN/MAX TEMPERATURE:
FUEL RVP
:
AVERAGE SPEED
:
VMT BY FACILITY
:
FUEL PROGRAM
:
SCENARIO RECORD
:
CALENDAR YEAR
:
EVALUATION MONTH
:
ALTITUDE
:
MIN/MAX TEMPERATURE:
FUEL RVP
:
AVERAGE SPEED
:
VMT BY FACILITY
:
FUEL PROGRAM
:
SCENARIO RECORD
:
CALENDAR YEAR
:
EVALUATION MONTH
:
ALTITUDE
:
MIN/MAX TEMPERATURE:
FUEL RVP
:
AVERAGE SPEED
:
VMT BY FACILITY
:
FUEL PROGRAM
:
SCENARIO RECORD
:
CALENDAR YEAR
:
EVALUATION MONTH
:
ALTITUDE
:
MIN/MAX TEMPERATURE:
FUEL RVP
:
AVERAGE SPEED
:
VMT BY FACILITY
:
FUEL PROGRAM
:

79. 116.
7.0
29.4 Arterial
allart.def
2 S ** Rural: Minor Arterial
I/M Rural Minor Arterial, July 2005
2005
7
1
79. 116.
7.0
29.4 Arterial
allart.def
2 S ** Rural: Major Collector
I/M Rural Major Collector, July 2005
2005
7
1
79. 116.
7.0
26.9 Arterial
allart.def
2 S ** Rural: Minor Collector
I/M Rural Minor Collector, July 2005
2005
7
1
79. 116.
7.0
26.9 Arterial
allart.def
2 S ** Rural: Local
I/M Rural Local, July 2005
2005
7
1
79. 116.
7.0
12.9 Arterial
allloc.def
2 S ** Urban: Principal Arterial - Interstate
I/M Urban Principal Arterial - Interstate, July 2005
2005
7
1
79. 116.
7.0
50.1 Freeway
allfwy.def
2 S ** Urban: Freeways & Expressways
I/M Urban Freeways & Expressways, July 2005
2005
7
1
79. 116.
7.0
49.3 Freeway
allfwy.def
2 S ** Urban: Principal Arterial - Other
I/M Urban Principal Arterial - Other, July 2005
2005
7
1
79. 116.
7.0
28.8 Arterial
allart.def
2 S ** Urban: Minor Arterial
I/M Urban Minor Arterial, July 2005
2005
7
1
79. 116.
7.0
28.8 Arterial
allart.def
2 S ** Urban: Collector
I/M Urban Collector, July 2005
2005
7
1
79. 116.
7.0
22.1 Arterial
allart.def
2 S ** Urban: Local
I/M Urban Local, July 2005
2005
7
1
79. 116.
7.0
12.9 Arterial
allloc.def
2 S END OF RUN

MOBILE6.2 Output
***************************************************************************
* MOBILE6.2.03 (24-Sep-2003)
*
* Input file: I507.IN (file 1, run 1).
*
***************************************************************************
M621 Comment:
Results Reflect NO 2007 Heavy Duty Vehicle Emissions Reductions
M601 Comment:
User has enabled STAGE II REFUELING. * Reading non-default I/M CUTPOINTS from the following external
* data file: CUTPNT05.D
* Reading Registration Distributions
from the following external
* data file: 02REG05.D
M 49 Warning:
1.00
MYR sum not = 1. (will normalize)
M 49 Warning:
0.999
MYR sum not = 1. (will normalize)
M 49 Warning:
0.999
MYR sum not = 1. (will normalize)
M 49 Warning:
0.999
MYR sum not = 1. (will normalize)
M 49 Warning:
0.999
MYR sum not = 1. (will normalize)
M 49 Warning:
1.00
MYR sum not = 1. (will normalize)
M 49 Warning:
1.00
MYR sum not = 1. (will normalize)
M 49 Warning:
1.00
MYR sum not = 1. (will normalize)
M 49 Warning:
1.00
MYR sum not = 1. (will normalize)
M 49 Warning:
1.00
MYR sum not = 1. (will normalize)
M 49 Warning:
1.00
MYR sum not = 1. (will normalize)
M 49 Warning:
1.00
MYR sum not = 1. (will normalize)
M 49 Warning:
1.00
MYR sum not = 1. (will normalize)
M 49 Warning:
1.00
MYR sum not = 1. (will normalize)
M 49 Warning:
1.00
MYR sum not = 1. (will normalize)
M 49 Warning:
1.00
MYR sum not = 1. (will normalize)
M614 Comment:
User supplied diesel sale fractions.
*
*
*
*

# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
I/M Rural Principal Arterial - Interstate (PM10), July 2005
File 1, Run 1, Scenario 1.
# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
M582 Warning:
The user supplied freeway average speed of 58.0
will be used for all hours of the day. 100% of VMT
has been assigned to a fixed combination of freeways
and freeway ramps for all hours of the day and all
vehicle types. * Reading Hourly Roadway VMT distribution from the following external
* data file: ALLFWY.DEF
Reading User Supplied ROADWAY VMT Factors
*** I/M credits for Tech1&2 vehicles were read from the following external
data file: TECH12.D
M 48 Warning:
there are no sales for vehicle class HDGV8b
Calendar Year: 2005
Month: July
Altitude: Low
Minimum Temperature: 79.0 (F)
Maximum Temperature: 116.0 (F)
Absolute Humidity:
75. grains/lb
Fuel Sulfur Content:
90. ppm
Exhaust I/M Program: Yes
Evap I/M Program: Yes
ATP Program: Yes
Reformulated Gas: Yes
Vehicle Type:
LDGV
LDGT12
LDGT34
LDGT
HDGV
LDDV
HDDV
MC
All Veh
GVWR:
<6000
>6000
(All)
--------------------------------------------------VMT Distribution:
0.4132
0.3281
0.1227
0.0357
0.0008
0.0021
0.0926
0.0048
1.0000
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Composite Emission Factors (g/mi):
Composite VOC :
0.832
0.953
1.133
1.002
0.910
0.597
0.662
0.329
4.23
0.881
Composite CO :
11.99
13.77
15.68
14.29
11.39
1.622
1.259
2.009
28.94
12.136
Composite NOX :
0.812
1.045
1.390
1.139
4.893
2.132
1.865
16.339
1.34
2.549
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*
*
*
*

# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
I/M Rural Principal Arterial - Other (PM10), July 2005
File 1, Run 1, Scenario 2.
# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
M583 Warning:
The user supplied arterial average speed of 29.4
will be used for all hours of the day. 100% of VMT
has been assigned to the arterial/collector roadway
type for all hours of the day and all vehicle types. * Reading Hourly Roadway VMT distribution from the following
external
* data file: ALLART.DEF
Reading User Supplied ROADWAY VMT Factors
M 48 Warning:
there are no sales for vehicle class HDGV8b
Calendar Year: 2005
Month: July
Altitude: Low
Minimum Temperature: 79.0 (F)
Maximum Temperature: 116.0 (F)
Absolute Humidity:
75. grains/lb

LDDT

Fuel Sulfur Content:
90. ppm
Exhaust I/M Program: Yes
Evap I/M Program: Yes
ATP Program: Yes
Reformulated Gas: Yes
Vehicle Type:
LDGV
LDGT12
LDGT34
LDGT
HDGV
LDDV
HDDV
MC
All Veh
GVWR:
<6000
>6000
(All)
--------------------------------------------------VMT Distribution:
0.4132
0.3281
0.1227
0.0357
0.0008
0.0021
0.0926
0.0048
1.0000
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Composite Emission Factors (g/mi):
Composite VOC :
0.944
1.103
1.326
1.163
1.253
0.742
0.829
0.514
4.12
1.029
Composite CO :
8.22
10.04
11.62
10.47
10.66
1.735
1.349
2.351
20.89
8.820
Composite NOX :
0.793
0.972
1.320
1.067
3.933
1.315
1.147
9.098
0.96
1.799
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

LDDT

*
*
*
*

# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
I/M Rural Minor Arterial (PM10), July 2005
File 1, Run 1, Scenario 3.
# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
M583 Warning:
The user supplied arterial average speed of 29.4
will be used for all hours of the day. 100% of VMT
has been assigned to the arterial/collector roadway
type for all hours of the day and all vehicle types. * Reading Hourly Roadway VMT distribution from the following
external
* data file: ALLART.DEF
Reading User Supplied ROADWAY VMT Factors
M 48 Warning:
there are no sales for vehicle class HDGV8b
Calendar Year: 2005
Month: July
Altitude: Low
Minimum Temperature: 79.0 (F)
Maximum Temperature: 116.0 (F)
Absolute Humidity:
75. grains/lb
Fuel Sulfur Content:
90. ppm
Exhaust I/M Program: Yes
Evap I/M Program: Yes
ATP Program: Yes
Reformulated Gas: Yes
Vehicle Type:
LDGV
LDGT12
LDGT34
LDGT
HDGV
LDDV
LDDT
HDDV
MC
All Veh
GVWR:
<6000
>6000
(All)
--------------------------------------------------VMT Distribution:
0.4132
0.3281
0.1227
0.0357
0.0008
0.0021
0.0926
0.0048
1.0000
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Composite Emission Factors (g/mi):
Composite VOC :
0.944
1.103
1.326
1.163
1.253
0.742
0.829
0.514
4.12
1.029
Composite CO :
8.22
10.04
11.62
10.47
10.66
1.735
1.349
2.351
20.89
8.820
Composite NOX :
0.793
0.972
1.320
1.067
3.933
1.315
1.147
9.098
0.96
1.799
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*
*
*
*

# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
I/M Rural Major Collector (PM10), July 2005
File 1, Run 1, Scenario 4.
# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
M583 Warning:
The user supplied arterial average speed of 26.9
will be used for all hours of the day. 100% of VMT
has been assigned to the arterial/collector roadway
type for all hours of the day and all vehicle types. * Reading Hourly Roadway VMT distribution from the following
external
* data file: ALLART.DEF
Reading User Supplied ROADWAY VMT Factors
M 48 Warning:
there are no sales for vehicle class HDGV8b
Calendar Year: 2005
Month: July
Altitude: Low
Minimum Temperature: 79.0 (F)
Maximum Temperature: 116.0 (F)
Absolute Humidity:
75. grains/lb
Fuel Sulfur Content:
90. ppm
Exhaust I/M Program: Yes
Evap I/M Program: Yes
ATP Program: Yes
Reformulated Gas: Yes
Vehicle Type:
LDGV
LDGT12
LDGT34
LDGT
HDGV
LDDV
LDDT
HDDV
MC
All Veh
GVWR:
<6000
>6000
(All)
--------------------------------------------------VMT Distribution:
0.4132
0.3281
0.1227
0.0357
0.0008
0.0021
0.0926
0.0048
1.0000
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Composite Emission Factors (g/mi):
Composite VOC :
0.968
1.129
1.360
1.192
1.332
0.773
0.866
0.554
4.21
1.059
Composite CO :
8.21
10.00
11.59
10.43
11.68
1.811
1.409
2.579
22.52
8.863
Composite NOX :
0.817
0.993
1.347
1.090
3.857
1.341
1.170
9.282
0.94
1.834
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*
*
*
*

# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
I/M Rural Minor Collector (PM10), July 2005
File 1, Run 1, Scenario 5.
# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
M583 Warning:
The user supplied arterial average speed of 26.9
will be used for all hours of the day. 100% of VMT
has been assigned to the arterial/collector roadway
type for all hours of the day and all vehicle types. * Reading Hourly Roadway VMT distribution from the following
external
* data file: ALLART.DEF
Reading User Supplied ROADWAY VMT Factors
M 48 Warning:
there are no sales for vehicle class HDGV8b
Calendar Year: 2005
Month: July
Altitude: Low
Minimum Temperature: 79.0 (F)
Maximum Temperature: 116.0 (F)
Absolute Humidity:
75. grains/lb
Fuel Sulfur Content:
90. ppm
Exhaust I/M Program: Yes
Evap I/M Program: Yes
ATP Program: Yes
Reformulated Gas: Yes
Vehicle Type:
LDGV
LDGT12
LDGT34
LDGT
HDGV
LDDV
LDDT

HDDV

MC
GVWR:

All Veh

<6000
>6000
(All)
--------------------------------------------------VMT Distribution:
0.4132
0.3281
0.1227
0.0357
0.0008
0.0021
0.0926
0.0048
1.0000
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Composite Emission Factors (g/mi):
Composite VOC :
0.968
1.129
1.360
1.192
1.332
0.773
0.866
0.554
4.21
1.059
Composite CO :
8.21
10.00
11.59
10.43
11.68
1.811
1.409
2.579
22.52
8.863
Composite NOX :
0.817
0.993
1.347
1.090
3.857
1.341
1.170
9.282
0.94
1.834
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*
*
*
*

# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
I/M Rural Local (PM10), July 2005
File 1, Run 1, Scenario 6.
# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
M583 Warning:
The user supplied arterial average speed of 12.9
will be used for all hours of the day. 100% of VMT
has been assigned to the arterial/collector roadway
type for all hours of the day and all vehicle types. * Reading Hourly Roadway VMT distribution from the following
external
* data file: ALLLOC.DEF
Reading User Supplied ROADWAY VMT Factors
M 48 Warning:
there are no sales for vehicle class HDGV8b
Calendar Year: 2005
Month: July
Altitude: Low
Minimum Temperature: 79.0 (F)
Maximum Temperature: 116.0 (F)
Absolute Humidity:
75. grains/lb
Fuel Sulfur Content:
90. ppm
Exhaust I/M Program: Yes
Evap I/M Program: Yes
ATP Program: Yes
Reformulated Gas: Yes
Vehicle Type:
LDGV
LDGT12
LDGT34
LDGT
HDGV
LDDV
LDDT
HDDV
MC
All Veh
GVWR:
<6000
>6000
(All)
--------------------------------------------------VMT Distribution:
0.4132
0.3281
0.1227
0.0357
0.0008
0.0021
0.0926
0.0048
1.0000
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Composite Emission Factors (g/mi):
Composite VOC :
1.267
1.521
1.852
1.611
2.259
1.064
1.202
0.926
5.31
1.445
Composite CO :
9.50
10.99
12.97
11.53
24.59
2.698
2.114
5.247
42.02
10.696
Composite NOX :
1.105
1.249
1.678
1.366
3.418
1.721
1.504
11.946
0.82
2.309
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*
*
*
*

# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
I/M Urban Principal Arterial - Interstate (PM10), July 2005
File 1, Run 1, Scenario 7.
# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
M582 Warning:
The user supplied freeway average speed of 50.1
will be used for all hours of the day. 100% of VMT
has been assigned to a fixed combination of freeways
and freeway ramps for all hours of the day and all
vehicle types. * Reading Hourly Roadway VMT distribution from the following external
* data file: ALLFWY.DEF
Reading User Supplied ROADWAY VMT Factors
M 48 Warning:
there are no sales for vehicle class HDGV8b
Calendar Year: 2005
Month: July
Altitude: Low
Minimum Temperature: 79.0 (F)
Maximum Temperature: 116.0 (F)
Absolute Humidity:
75. grains/lb
Fuel Sulfur Content:
90. ppm
Exhaust I/M Program: Yes
Evap I/M Program: Yes
ATP Program: Yes
Reformulated Gas: Yes
Vehicle Type:
LDGV
LDGT12
LDGT34
LDGT
HDGV
LDDV
HDDV
MC
All Veh
GVWR:
<6000
>6000
(All)
--------------------------------------------------VMT Distribution:
0.4132
0.3281
0.1227
0.0357
0.0008
0.0021
0.0926
0.0048
1.0000
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Composite Emission Factors (g/mi):
Composite VOC :
0.854
0.981
1.171
1.032
0.944
0.608
0.674
0.343
3.76
0.904
Composite CO :
10.95
12.70
14.49
13.19
8.93
1.536
1.190
1.751
14.90
11.023
Composite NOX :
0.793
1.013
1.356
1.106
4.614
1.608
1.405
12.672
1.14
2.174
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
I/M Urban Freeways & Expressways (PM10), July 2005
File 1, Run 1, Scenario 8.
# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
M582 Warning:
The user supplied freeway average speed of 49.3
will be used for all hours of the day. 100% of VMT
has been assigned to a fixed combination of freeways
and freeway ramps for all hours of the day and all
vehicle types. * Reading Hourly Roadway VMT distribution from the following external
* data file: ALLFWY.DEF
Reading User Supplied ROADWAY VMT Factors
M 48 Warning:
there are no sales for vehicle class HDGV8b
Calendar Year: 2005
Month: July
Altitude: Low
Minimum Temperature: 79.0 (F)
Maximum Temperature: 116.0 (F)
Absolute Humidity:
75. grains/lb
Fuel Sulfur Content:
90. ppm
Exhaust I/M Program: Yes
Evap I/M Program: Yes
ATP Program: Yes
Reformulated Gas: Yes
Vehicle Type:
LDGV
LDGT12
LDGT34
LDGT
HDDV
MC
All Veh
GVWR:
<6000
>6000
(All)
----------------------------------------VMT Distribution:
0.4132
0.3281
0.1227
0.0357
0.0008
0.0021
0.0926

LDDT

*
*
*
*

HDGV

LDDV

-----0.0048

-----1.0000

LDDT

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Composite Emission Factors (g/mi):
Composite VOC :
0.857
0.984
1.176
1.036
0.949
0.610
0.677
0.345
3.76
0.907
Composite CO :
10.84
12.59
14.37
13.07
8.79
1.532
1.187
1.739
14.90
10.922
Composite NOX :
0.791
1.010
1.353
1.103
4.586
1.572
1.373
12.416
1.12
2.147
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*
*
*
*

# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
I/M Urban Principal Arterial - Other (PM10), July 2005
File 1, Run 1, Scenario 9.
# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
M583 Warning:
The user supplied arterial average speed of 28.8
will be used for all hours of the day. 100% of VMT
has been assigned to the arterial/collector roadway
type for all hours of the day and all vehicle types. * Reading Hourly Roadway VMT distribution from the following
external
* data file: ALLART.DEF
Reading User Supplied ROADWAY VMT Factors
M 48 Warning:
there are no sales for vehicle class HDGV8b
Calendar Year: 2005
Month: July
Altitude: Low
Minimum Temperature: 79.0 (F)
Maximum Temperature: 116.0 (F)
Absolute Humidity:
75. grains/lb
Fuel Sulfur Content:
90. ppm
Exhaust I/M Program: Yes
Evap I/M Program: Yes
ATP Program: Yes
Reformulated Gas: Yes
Vehicle Type:
LDGV
LDGT12
LDGT34
LDGT
HDGV
LDDV
LDDT
HDDV
MC
All Veh
GVWR:
<6000
>6000
(All)
--------------------------------------------------VMT Distribution:
0.4132
0.3281
0.1227
0.0357
0.0008
0.0021
0.0926
0.0048
1.0000
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Composite Emission Factors (g/mi):
Composite VOC :
0.950
1.109
1.334
1.170
1.271
0.749
0.838
0.523
4.14
1.036
Composite CO :
8.22
10.03
11.61
10.46
10.89
1.752
1.362
2.402
21.25
8.830
Composite NOX :
0.798
0.977
1.326
1.072
3.916
1.321
1.152
9.139
0.96
1.807
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*
*
*
*

# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
I/M Urban Minor Arterial (PM10), July 2005
File 1, Run 1, Scenario 10.
# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
M583 Warning:
The user supplied arterial average speed of 28.8
will be used for all hours of the day. 100% of VMT
has been assigned to the arterial/collector roadway
type for all hours of the day and all vehicle types. * Reading Hourly Roadway VMT distribution from the following
external
* data file: ALLART.DEF
Reading User Supplied ROADWAY VMT Factors
M 48 Warning:
there are no sales for vehicle class HDGV8b
Calendar Year: 2005
Month: July
Altitude: Low
Minimum Temperature: 79.0 (F)
Maximum Temperature: 116.0 (F)
Absolute Humidity:
75. grains/lb
Fuel Sulfur Content:
90. ppm
Exhaust I/M Program: Yes
Evap I/M Program: Yes
ATP Program: Yes
Reformulated Gas: Yes
Vehicle Type:
LDGV
LDGT12
LDGT34
LDGT
HDGV
LDDV
LDDT
HDDV
MC
All Veh
GVWR:
<6000
>6000
(All)
--------------------------------------------------VMT Distribution:
0.4132
0.3281
0.1227
0.0357
0.0008
0.0021
0.0926
0.0048
1.0000
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Composite Emission Factors (g/mi):
Composite VOC :
0.950
1.109
1.334
1.170
1.271
0.749
0.838
0.523
4.14
1.036
Composite CO :
8.22
10.03
11.61
10.46
10.89
1.752
1.362
2.402
21.25
8.830
Composite NOX :
0.798
0.977
1.326
1.072
3.916
1.321
1.152
9.139
0.96
1.807
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*
*
*
*

# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
I/M Urban Collector (PM10), July 2005
File 1, Run 1, Scenario 11.
# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
M583 Warning:
The user supplied arterial average speed of 22.1
will be used for all hours of the day. 100% of VMT
has been assigned to the arterial/collector roadway
type for all hours of the day and all vehicle types. * Reading Hourly Roadway VMT distribution from the following
external
* data file: ALLART.DEF
Reading User Supplied ROADWAY VMT Factors
M 48 Warning:
there are no sales for vehicle class HDGV8b
Calendar Year: 2005
Month: July
Altitude: Low
Minimum Temperature: 79.0 (F)
Maximum Temperature: 116.0 (F)
Absolute Humidity:
75. grains/lb
Fuel Sulfur Content:
90. ppm
Exhaust I/M Program: Yes
Evap I/M Program: Yes
ATP Program: Yes
Reformulated Gas: Yes
Vehicle Type:
LDGV
LDGT12
LDGT34
LDGT
HDGV
LDDV
LDDT
HDDV
MC
All Veh
GVWR:
<6000
>6000
(All)
--------------------------------------------------VMT Distribution:
0.4132
0.3281
0.1227
0.0357
0.0008
0.0021
0.0926
0.0048
1.0000
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Composite Emission Factors (g/mi):
Composite VOC :
1.033
1.201
1.451
1.269
1.537
0.848
0.952
0.649
4.44
1.138
Composite CO :
8.32
10.01
11.66
10.46
14.41
2.008
1.565
3.170
26.48
9.092

Composite NOX :
0.878
1.046
1.415
1.146
3.705
1.420
1.240
9.837
0.89
1.931
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*
*
*
*

# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
I/M Urban Local (PM10), July 2005
File 1, Run 1, Scenario 12.
# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
M583 Warning:
The user supplied arterial average speed of 12.9
will be used for all hours of the day. 100% of VMT
has been assigned to the arterial/collector roadway
type for all hours of the day and all vehicle types. * Reading Hourly Roadway VMT distribution from the following
external
* data file: ALLLOC.DEF
Reading User Supplied ROADWAY VMT Factors
M 48 Warning:
there are no sales for vehicle class HDGV8b
Calendar Year: 2005
Month: July
Altitude: Low
Minimum Temperature: 79.0 (F)
Maximum Temperature: 116.0 (F)
Absolute Humidity:
75. grains/lb
Fuel Sulfur Content:
90. ppm
Exhaust I/M Program: Yes
Evap I/M Program: Yes
ATP Program: Yes
Reformulated Gas: Yes
Vehicle Type:
LDGV
LDGT12
LDGT34
LDGT
HDGV
LDDV
LDDT
HDDV
MC
All Veh
GVWR:
<6000
>6000
(All)
--------------------------------------------------VMT Distribution:
0.4132
0.3281
0.1227
0.0357
0.0008
0.0021
0.0926
0.0048
1.0000
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Composite Emission Factors (g/mi):
Composite VOC :
1.267
1.521
1.852
1.611
2.259
1.064
1.202
0.926
5.31
1.445
Composite CO :
9.50
10.99
12.97
11.53
24.59
2.698
2.114
5.247
42.02
10.696
Composite NOX :
1.105
1.249
1.678
1.366
3.418
1.721
1.504
11.946
0.82
2.309
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

MOBILE6.2 Emission Factors January 2005 (Weighted by 91.6% of I/M and 8.4% of Non-I/M)
LDGT LDGT
Facility Type
Pollutant LDGV
HDGV LDDV LDDT HDDV
12
34
Rural
0.789
0.967
1.007
0.731
0.572
0.598
0.316
VOC
Principal
11.535
14.893
15.149
6.845
1.576
1.151
2.030
CO
Arterial 0.755
1.065
1.289
5.114
2.108
1.813
16.003
NOX
Interstate
Rural
0.919
1.119
1.169
1.045
0.714
0.759
0.495
VOC
Principal
8.970
12.003
12.153
6.410
1.690
1.239
2.375
CO
Arterial 0.688
0.972
1.191
4.111
1.299
1.111
8.950
NOX
Other
Rural Minor
0.919
1.119
1.169
1.045
0.714
0.759
0.495
VOC
Arterial
8.970
12.003
12.153
6.410
1.690
1.239
2.375
CO
Rural Major
Collector

Rural Minor
Collector

Rural Local

Urban
Principal
Arterial Interstate
Urban
Freeway &
Expressway
Urban
Principal
Arterial Other
Urban Minor
Arterial

Urban
Collector

Urban Local

MC
3.470
14.780
1.780
3.360
10.930
1.270
3.360
10.930

NOX

0.688

0.972

1.191

4.111

1.299

1.111

8.950

1.270

VOC

0.945

1.145

1.197

1.116

0.744

0.794

0.533

3.450

CO

9.014

12.047

12.216

7.026

1.766

1.299

2.605

11.710

NOX

0.702

0.990

1.213

4.031

1.325

1.134

9.130

1.240

VOC

0.945

1.145

1.197

1.116

0.744

0.794

0.533

3.450

CO

9.014

12.047

12.216

7.026

1.766

1.299

2.605

11.710

NOX

0.702

0.990

1.213

4.031

1.325

1.134

9.130

1.240

VOC

1.314

1.590

1.668

1.995

1.030

1.118

0.891

4.460

CO

10.305

13.539

13.931

14.781

2.653

1.990

5.301

21.040

NOX

0.888

1.216

1.486

3.572

1.702

1.460

11.718

1.080

VOC

0.814

1.001

1.043

0.763

0.582

0.610

0.330

3.040

CO

10.826

14.066

14.273

5.369

1.491

1.084

1.769

8.070

NOX

0.727

1.028

1.250

4.823

1.590

1.363

12.441

1.520

VOC

0.817

1.004

1.047

0.769

0.584

0.613

0.332

3.040

CO

10.755

13.985

14.182

5.287

1.487

1.081

1.757

8.070

NOX

0.724

1.025

1.246

4.793

1.553

1.332

12.192

1.490

VOC

0.925

1.125

1.176

1.061

0.721

0.767

0.503

3.380

CO

8.980

12.005

12.173

6.551

1.707

1.253

2.426

11.110

NOX

0.691

0.976

1.196

4.093

1.305

1.116

8.991

1.260

VOC

0.925

1.125

1.176

1.061

0.721

0.767

0.503

3.380

CO

8.980

12.005

12.173

6.551

1.707

1.253

2.426

11.110

NOX

0.691

0.976

1.196

4.093

1.305

1.116

8.991

1.260

VOC

1.012

1.217

1.275

1.296

0.818

0.877

0.625

3.660

CO

9.194

12.248

12.458

8.664

1.963

1.452

3.202

13.610

NOX

0.740

1.035

1.269

3.872

1.403

1.202

9.668

1.170

VOC

1.314

1.590

1.668

1.995

1.030

1.118

0.891

4.460

CO

10.305

13.539

13.931

14.781

2.653

1.990

5.301

21.040

NOX

0.888

1.216

1.486

3.572

1.702

1.460

11.718

1.080

February 2005 (Weighted by 91.6% of I/M and 8.4% of Non-I/M)
Facility Type

Pollutant

LDGV

LDGT
12

LDGT
34

HDGV

LDDV

LDDT

HDDV

MC

Rural
Principal
Arterial –
Interstate
Rural
Principal
Arterial –
Other
Rural Minor
Arterial

VOC

0.733

0.907

0.953

0.662

0.572

0.598

0.316

2.900

CO

11.226

14.753

14.929

6.763

1.576

1.151

2.030

14.210

NOX

0.753

1.068

1.287

5.110

2.108

1.813

16.003

1.830

VOC

0.859

1.056

1.113

0.970

0.714

0.759

0.495

2.790

CO

8.920

12.073

12.142

6.329

1.690

1.239

2.375

10.510

NOX

0.674

0.969

1.184

4.108

1.299

1.111

8.950

1.300

VOC

0.859

1.056

1.113

0.970

0.714

0.759

0.495

2.790

CO

8.920

12.073

12.142

6.329

1.690

1.239

2.375

10.510

NOX

0.674

0.969

1.184

4.108

1.299

1.111

8.950

1.300

VOC

0.884

1.082

1.141

1.040

0.744

0.794

0.533

2.880

CO

8.964

12.136

12.215

6.936

1.766

1.299

2.605

11.260

NOX

0.688

0.987

1.205

4.028

1.325

1.134

9.130

1.270

VOC

0.884

1.082

1.141

1.040

0.744

0.794

0.533

2.880

CO

8.964

12.136

12.215

6.936

1.766

1.299

2.605

11.260

NOX

0.688

0.987

1.205

4.028

1.325

1.134

9.130

1.270

VOC

1.239

1.511

1.597

1.904

1.030

1.118

0.891

3.880

CO

10.222

13.705

13.995

14.589

2.653

1.990

5.301

20.220

NOX

0.854

1.206

1.469

3.570

1.702

1.460

11.718

1.110

Rural Major
Collector

Rural Minor
Collector

Rural Local

Urban
Principal
Arterial –
Interstate
Urban
Freeway &
Expressway
Urban
Principal
Arterial –
Other
Urban Minor
Arterial

Urban
Collector

Urban Local

VOC

0.759

0.941

0.989

0.694

0.582

0.610

0.330

2.470

CO

10.587

13.986

14.112

5.298

1.491

1.084

1.769

7.760

NOX

0.723

1.030

1.247

4.820

1.590

1.363

12.441

1.550

VOC

0.762

0.945

0.993

0.699

0.584

0.613

0.332

2.470

CO

10.526

13.906

14.031

5.216

1.487

1.081

1.757

7.760

NOX

0.720

1.026

1.243

4.790

1.553

1.332

12.192

1.530

VOC

0.865

1.062

1.119

0.985

0.721

0.767

0.503

2.810

CO

8.930

12.093

12.162

6.461

1.707

1.253

2.426

10.680

NOX

0.677

0.973

1.189

4.090

1.305

1.116

8.991

1.290

VOC

0.865

1.062

1.119

0.985

0.721

0.767

0.503

2.810

CO

8.930

12.093

12.162

6.461

1.707

1.253

2.426

10.680

NOX

0.677

0.973

1.189

4.090

1.305

1.116

8.991

1.290

VOC

0.948

1.153

1.218

1.218

0.818

0.877

0.625

3.080

CO

9.154

12.377

12.496

8.553

1.963

1.452

3.202

13.080

NOX

0.721

1.031

1.259

3.870

1.403

1.202

9.668

1.200

VOC

1.239

1.511

1.597

1.904

1.030

1.118

0.891

3.880

CO

10.222

13.705

13.995

14.589

2.653

1.990

5.301

20.220

NOX

0.854

1.206

1.469

3.570

1.702

1.460

11.718

1.110

March 2005 (Weighted by 91.6% of I/M and 8.4% of Non-I/M)
Facility Type

Pollutant

LDGV

LDGT
12

LDGT
34

HDGV

LDDV

LDDT

HDDV

MC

Rural
Principal
Arterial –
Interstate
Rural
Principal
Arterial –
Other
Rural Minor
Arterial

VOC

0.820

0.990

1.024

0.796

0.572

0.598

0.316

3.940

CO

11.080

14.208

14.656

6.896

1.576

1.151

2.030

15.700

NOX

0.736

1.040

1.269

5.079

2.108

1.813

16.003

1.700

VOC

0.971

1.152

1.195

1.130

0.714

0.759

0.495

3.830

CO

8.436

11.271

11.610

6.451

1.690

1.239

2.375

11.540

NOX

0.682

0.954

1.179

4.083

1.299

1.111

8.950

1.210

VOC

0.971

1.152

1.195

1.130

0.714

0.759

0.495

3.830

CO

8.436

11.271

11.610

6.451

1.690

1.239

2.375

11.540

NOX

0.682

0.954

1.179

4.083

1.299

1.111

8.950

1.210

VOC

0.998

1.179

1.224

1.202

0.744

0.794

0.533

3.920

CO

8.470

11.305

11.645

7.076

1.766

1.299

2.605

12.390

NOX

0.698

0.973

1.201

4.004

1.325

1.134

9.130

1.180

VOC

0.998

1.179

1.224

1.202

0.744

0.794

0.533

3.920

CO

8.470

11.305

11.645

7.076

1.766

1.299

2.605

12.390

NOX

0.698

0.973

1.201

4.004

1.325

1.134

9.130

1.180

VOC

1.416

1.638

1.708

2.125

1.030

1.118

0.891

4.940

CO

9.734

12.678

13.251

14.883

2.653

1.990

5.301

22.450

NOX

0.893

1.198

1.477

3.548

1.702

1.460

11.718

1.030

Rural Major
Collector

Rural Minor
Collector

Rural Local

Urban
Principal
Arterial Interstate
Urban
Freeway &
Expressway
Urban
Principal
Arterial Other
Urban Minor
Arterial

Urban
Collector

Urban Local

VOC

0.848

1.026

1.062

0.832

0.582

0.610

0.330

3.500

CO

10.341

13.362

13.760

5.409

1.491

1.084

1.769

8.450

NOX

0.712

1.006

1.232

4.791

1.590

1.363

12.441

1.450

VOC

0.852

1.030

1.066

0.838

0.584

0.613

0.332

3.500

CO

10.271

13.271

13.669

5.318

1.487

1.081

1.757

8.450

NOX

0.709

1.002

1.229

4.761

1.553

1.332

12.192

1.420

VOC

0.977

1.158

1.202

1.146

0.721

0.767

0.503

3.850

CO

8.446

11.281

11.620

6.592

1.707

1.253

2.426

11.730

NOX

0.686

0.958

1.184

4.065

1.305

1.116

8.991

1.210

VOC

0.977

1.158

1.202

1.146

0.721

0.767

0.503

3.850

CO

8.446

11.281

11.620

6.592

1.707

1.253

2.426

11.730

NOX

0.686

0.958

1.184

4.065

1.305

1.116

8.991

1.210

VOC

1.071

1.255

1.305

1.388

0.818

0.877

0.625

4.130

CO

8.631

11.466

11.856

8.725

1.963

1.452

3.202

14.430

NOX

0.738

1.018

1.258

3.847

1.403

1.202

9.668

1.120

VOC

1.416

1.638

1.708

2.125

1.030

1.118

0.891

4.940

CO

9.734

12.678

13.251

14.883

2.653

1.990

5.301

22.450

NOX

0.893

1.198

1.477

3.548

1.702

1.460

11.718

1.030

April 2005 (Weighted by 91.6% of I/M and 8.4% of Non-I/M)
LDGT LDGT
Facility Type
Pollutant LDGV
12
34
Rural
0.804
0.950
1.145
VOC
Principal
10.820
13.688
15.930
CO
Arterial 0.714
0.967
1.327
NOX
Interstate
Rural
0.949
1.092
1.331
VOC
Principal
8.117
10.823
12.627
CO
Arterial 0.671
0.890
1.243
NOX
Other
Rural Minor
0.949
1.092
1.331
VOC
Arterial
8.117
10.823
12.627
CO
Rural Major
Collector

Rural Minor
Collector

Rural Local

Urban
Principal
Arterial Interstate
Urban
Freeway &
Expressway
Urban
Principal
Arterial Other
Urban Minor
Arterial

Urban
Collector

Urban Local

HDGV

LDDV

LDDT

HDDV

MC

0.839

0.597

0.662

0.329

4.100

10.713

1.622

1.259

2.009

21.370

4.841

2.132

1.865

16.339

1.610

1.194

0.742

0.829

0.514

3.990

10.036

1.735

1.349

2.351

15.650

3.891

1.315

1.147

9.098

1.150

1.194

0.742

0.829

0.514

3.990

10.036

1.735

1.349

2.351

15.650

NOX

0.671

0.890

1.243

3.891

1.315

1.147

9.098

1.150

VOC

0.976

1.118

1.363

1.274

0.773

0.866

0.554

4.080

CO

8.140

10.846

12.672

10.996

1.811

1.409

2.579

16.810

NOX

0.688

0.907

1.267

3.816

1.341

1.170

9.282

1.130

VOC

0.976

1.118

1.363

1.274

0.773

0.866

0.554

4.080

CO

8.140

10.846

12.672

10.996

1.811

1.409

2.579

16.810

NOX

0.688

0.907

1.267

3.816

1.341

1.170

9.282

1.130

VOC

1.396

1.512

1.858

2.293

1.064

1.202

0.926

5.110

CO

9.409

12.195

14.446

23.134

2.698

2.114

5.247

30.660

NOX

0.892

1.124

1.558

3.382

1.721

1.504

11.946

0.980

VOC

0.830

0.980

1.186

0.873

0.608

0.674

0.343

3.660

CO

10.061

12.861

14.954

8.399

1.536

1.190

1.751

11.390

NOX

0.692

0.935

1.291

4.566

1.608

1.405

12.672

1.370

VOC

0.833

0.983

1.190

0.879

0.610

0.677

0.345

3.660

CO

9.990

12.771

14.854

8.267

1.532

1.187

1.739

11.390

NOX

0.690

0.932

1.288

4.538

1.572

1.373

12.416

1.350

VOC

0.955

1.098

1.338

1.212

0.749

0.838

0.523

4.010

CO

8.118

10.824

12.638

10.248

1.752

1.362

2.402

15.910

NOX

0.675

0.894

1.248

3.874

1.321

1.152

9.139

1.150

VOC

0.955

1.098

1.338

1.212

0.749

0.838

0.523

4.010

CO

8.118

10.824

12.638

10.248

1.752

1.362

2.402

15.910

NOX

0.675

0.894

1.248

3.874

1.321

1.152

9.139

1.150

VOC

1.047

1.187

1.451

1.480

0.848

0.952

0.649

4.300

CO

8.292

10.989

12.886

13.554

2.008

1.565

3.170

19.620

NOX

0.730

0.951

1.326

3.666

1.420

1.240

9.837

1.070

VOC

1.396

1.512

1.858

2.293

1.064

1.202

0.926

5.110

CO

9.409

12.195

14.446

23.134

2.698

2.114

5.247

30.660

NOX

0.892

1.124

1.558

3.382

1.721

1.504

11.946

0.980

May 2005 (Weighted by 91.6% of I/M and 8.4% of Non-I/M)
LDGT LDGT
Facility Type
Pollutant LDGV
12
34
Rural
1.072
1.213
1.422
VOC
Principal
12.201
14.892
17.426
CO
Arterial 0.738
0.986
1.349
NOX
Interstate
Rural
1.358
1.429
1.691
VOC
Principal
8.859
11.546
13.595
CO
Arterial 0.707
0.914
1.272
NOX
Other
Rural Minor
1.358
1.429
1.691
VOC
Arterial
8.859
11.546
13.595
CO
Rural Major
Collector

Rural Minor
Collector

Rural Local

Urban
Principal
Arterial Interstate
Urban
Freeway &
Expressway
Urban
Principal
Arterial Other
Urban Minor
Arterial

Urban
Collector

Urban Local

HDGV

LDDV

LDDT

HDDV

MC

1.263

0.597

0.662

0.329

6.420

12.664

1.622

1.259

2.009

26.780

4.785

2.132

1.865

16.339

1.480

1.781

0.742

0.829

0.514

6.310

11.856

1.735

1.349

2.351

19.470

3.845

1.315

1.147

9.098

1.060

1.781

0.742

0.829

0.514

6.310

11.856

1.735

1.349

2.351

19.470

NOX

0.707

0.914

1.272

3.845

1.315

1.147

9.098

1.060

VOC

1.407

1.466

1.736

1.887

0.773

0.866

0.554

6.400

CO

8.883

11.551

13.621

12.988

1.811

1.409

2.579

20.950

NOX

0.726

0.932

1.297

3.771

1.341

1.170

9.282

1.030

VOC

1.407

1.466

1.736

1.887

0.773

0.866

0.554

6.400

CO

8.883

11.551

13.621

12.988

1.811

1.409

2.579

20.950

NOX

0.726

0.932

1.297

3.771

1.341

1.170

9.282

1.030

VOC

2.274

2.069

2.463

3.390

1.064

1.202

0.926

7.460

CO

10.394

13.014

15.569

27.331

2.698

2.114

5.247

38.640

NOX

0.958

1.161

1.604

3.342

1.721

1.504

11.946

0.900

VOC

1.114

1.257

1.478

1.316

0.608

0.674

0.343

5.960

CO

11.271

13.926

16.291

9.926

1.536

1.190

1.751

14.040

NOX

0.718

0.955

1.314

4.513

1.608

1.405

12.672

1.260

VOC

1.119

1.263

1.485

1.325

0.610

0.677

0.345

5.960

CO

11.171

13.825

16.180

9.773

1.532

1.187

1.739

14.040

NOX

0.716

0.952

1.311

4.485

1.572

1.373

12.416

1.240

VOC

1.369

1.437

1.702

1.804

0.749

0.838

0.523

6.330

CO

8.869

11.548

13.606

12.109

1.752

1.362

2.402

19.800

NOX

0.711

0.918

1.277

3.829

1.321

1.152

9.139

1.050

VOC

1.369

1.437

1.702

1.804

0.749

0.838

0.523

6.330

CO

8.869

11.548

13.606

12.109

1.752

1.362

2.402

19.800

NOX

0.711

0.918

1.277

3.829

1.321

1.152

9.139

1.050

VOC

1.527

1.563

1.857

2.151

0.848

0.952

0.649

6.620

CO

9.054

11.684

13.826

16.021

2.008

1.565

3.170

24.550

NOX

0.776

0.979

1.359

3.623

1.420

1.240

9.837

0.980

VOC

2.274

2.069

2.463

3.390

1.064

1.202

0.926

7.460

CO

10.394

13.014

15.569

27.331

2.698

2.114

5.247

38.640

NOX

0.958

1.161

1.604

3.342

1.721

1.504

11.946

0.900

June 2005 (Weighted by 91.6% of I/M and 8.4% of Non-I/M)
LDGT LDGT
Facility Type
Pollutant LDGV
12
34
Rural
0.830
0.954
1.135
VOC
Principal
11.818
13.727
15.623
CO
Arterial 0.812
1.048
1.390
NOX
Interstate
Rural
0.942
1.102
1.325
VOC
Principal
8.206
10.140
11.710
CO
Arterial 0.785
0.972
1.316
NOX
Other
Rural Minor
0.942
1.102
1.325
VOC
Arterial
8.206
10.140
11.710
CO
Rural Major
Collector

Rural Minor
Collector

Rural Local

Urban
Principal
Arterial Interstate
Urban
Freeway &
Expressway
Urban
Principal
Arterial Other
Urban Minor
Arterial

Urban
Collector

Urban Local

HDGV

LDDV

LDDT

HDDV

MC

0.905

0.597

0.662

0.329

4.300

11.100

1.622

1.259

2.009

26.700

4.878

2.132

1.865

16.339

1.400

1.242

0.742

0.829

0.514

4.190

10.392

1.735

1.349

2.351

19.330

3.920

1.315

1.147

9.098

1.000

1.242

0.742

0.829

0.514

4.190

10.392

1.735

1.349

2.351

19.330

NOX

0.785

0.972

1.316

3.920

1.315

1.147

9.098

1.000

VOC

0.966

1.128

1.358

1.321

0.773

0.866

0.554

4.280

CO

8.209

10.104

11.695

11.393

1.811

1.409

2.579

20.820

NOX

0.809

0.993

1.342

3.845

1.341

1.170

9.282

0.980

VOC

0.966

1.128

1.358

1.321

0.773

0.866

0.554

4.280

CO

8.209

10.104

11.695

11.393

1.811

1.409

2.579

20.820

NOX

0.809

0.993

1.342

3.845

1.341

1.170

9.282

0.980

VOC

1.266

1.513

1.843

2.242

1.064

1.202

0.926

5.360

CO

9.555

11.222

13.214

23.968

2.698

2.114

5.247

38.670

NOX

1.085

1.244

1.668

3.407

1.721

1.504

11.946

0.850

VOC

0.852

0.982

1.172

0.937

0.608

0.674

0.343

3.840

CO

10.813

12.694

14.470

8.704

1.536

1.190

1.751

13.850

NOX

0.791

1.015

1.355

4.601

1.608

1.405

12.672

1.190

VOC

0.855

0.986

1.177

0.943

0.610

0.677

0.345

3.840

CO

10.712

12.584

14.360

8.572

1.532

1.187

1.739

13.850

NOX

0.789

1.012

1.352

4.572

1.572

1.373

12.416

1.170

VOC

0.947

1.108

1.332

1.260

0.749

0.838

0.523

4.210

CO

8.206

10.131

11.710

10.614

1.752

1.362

2.402

19.660

NOX

0.791

0.977

1.322

3.903

1.321

1.152

9.139

0.990

VOC

0.947

1.108

1.332

1.260

0.749

0.838

0.523

4.210

CO

8.206

10.131

11.710

10.614

1.752

1.362

2.402

19.660

NOX

0.791

0.977

1.322

3.903

1.321

1.152

9.139

0.990

VOC

1.030

1.199

1.448

1.523

0.848

0.952

0.649

4.500

CO

8.338

10.154

11.807

14.051

2.008

1.565

3.170

24.450

NOX

0.867

1.045

1.409

3.694

1.420

1.240

9.837

0.930

VOC

1.266

1.513

1.843

2.242

1.064

1.202

0.926

5.360

CO

9.555

11.222

13.214

23.968

2.698

2.114

5.247

38.670

NOX

1.085

1.244

1.668

3.407

1.721

1.504

11.946

0.850

July 2005 (Weighted by 91.6% of I/M and 8.4% of Non-I/M)
Facility Type

Pollutant

LDGV

LDGT
12

LDGT
34

HDGV

LDDV

LDDT

HDDV

MC

Rural
Principal
Arterial Interstate
Rural
Principal
Arterial Other
Rural Minor
Arterial

VOC

0.838

0.960

1.141

0.913

0.597

0.662

0.329

4.230

CO

12.124

13.904

15.830

11.515

1.622

1.259

2.009

28.940

NOX

0.821

1.054

1.399

4.896

2.132

1.865

16.339

1.340

VOC

0.952

1.113

1.336

1.258

0.742

0.829

0.514

4.120

CO

8.343

10.169

11.769

10.778

1.735

1.349

2.351

20.890

NOX

0.802

0.981

1.329

3.935

1.315

1.147

9.098

0.960

VOC

0.952

1.113

1.336

1.258

0.742

0.829

0.514

4.120

CO

8.343

10.169

11.769

10.778

1.735

1.349

2.351

20.890

NOX

0.802

0.981

1.329

3.935

1.315

1.147

9.098

0.960

VOC

0.977

1.139

1.371

1.338

0.773

0.866

0.554

4.210

CO

8.337

10.133

11.744

11.809

1.811

1.409

2.579

22.520

NOX

0.827

1.002

1.356

3.859

1.341

1.170

9.282

0.940

VOC

0.977

1.139

1.371

1.338

0.773

0.866

0.554

4.210

CO

8.337

10.133

11.744

11.809

1.811

1.409

2.579

22.520

NOX

0.827

1.002

1.356

3.859

1.341

1.170

9.282

0.940

VOC

1.280

1.536

1.867

2.272

1.064

1.202

0.926

5.310

CO

9.695

11.192

13.206

24.860

2.698

2.114

5.247

42.020

NOX

1.117

1.260

1.689

3.420

1.721

1.504

11.946

0.820

Rural Major
Collector

Rural Minor
Collector

Rural Local

Urban
Principal
Arterial Interstate
Urban
Freeway &
Expressway
Urban
Principal
Arterial Other
Urban Minor
Arterial

Urban
Collector

Urban Local

VOC

0.860

0.989

1.179

0.947

0.608

0.674

0.343

3.760

CO

11.079

12.831

14.638

9.028

1.536

1.190

1.751

14.900

NOX

0.802

1.022

1.365

4.617

1.608

1.405

12.672

1.140

VOC

0.863

0.992

1.184

0.952

0.610

0.677

0.345

3.760

CO

10.969

12.721

14.518

8.887

1.532

1.187

1.739

14.900

NOX

0.800

1.019

1.362

4.589

1.572

1.373

12.416

1.120

VOC

0.958

1.119

1.344

1.276

0.749

0.838

0.523

4.140

CO

8.343

10.160

11.760

11.010

1.752

1.362

2.402

21.250

NOX

0.808

0.986

1.335

3.918

1.321

1.152

9.139

0.960

VOC

0.958

1.119

1.344

1.276

0.749

0.838

0.523

4.140

CO

8.343

10.160

11.760

11.010

1.752

1.362

2.402

21.250

NOX

0.808

0.986

1.335

3.918

1.321

1.152

9.139

0.960

VOC

1.042

1.212

1.463

1.544

0.848

0.952

0.649

4.440

CO

8.456

10.154

11.826

14.569

2.008

1.565

3.170

26.480

NOX

0.888

1.056

1.425

3.707

1.420

1.240

9.837

0.890

VOC

1.280

1.536

1.867

2.272

1.064

1.202

0.926

5.310

CO

9.695

11.192

13.206

24.860

2.698

2.114

5.247

42.020

NOX

1.117

1.260

1.689

3.420

1.721

1.504

11.946

0.820

August 2005 (Weighted by 91.6% of I/M and 8.4% of Non-I/M)
LDGT LDGT
Facility Type
Pollutant LDGV
HDGV
12
34
Rural
0.822
0.945
1.126
0.890
VOC
Principal
11.806
13.696
15.593
11.038
CO
Arterial 0.812
1.047
1.390
4.876
NOX
Interstate
Rural
0.934
1.093
1.315
1.227
VOC
Principal
8.185
10.100
11.679
10.331
CO
Arterial 0.786
0.972
1.316
3.919
NOX
Other
Rural Minor
0.934
1.093
1.315
1.227
VOC
Arterial
8.185
10.100
11.679
10.331
CO
Rural Major
Collector

Rural Minor
Collector

Rural Local

Urban
Principal
Arterial Interstate
Urban
Freeway &
Expressway
Urban
Principal
Arterial Other
Urban Minor
Arterial

Urban
Collector

Urban Local

LDDV

LDDT

HDDV

MC

0.597

0.662

0.329

4.180

1.622

1.259

2.009

26.320

2.132

1.865

16.339

1.400

0.742

0.829

0.514

4.060

1.735

1.349

2.351

19.050

1.315

1.147

9.098

1.000

0.742

0.829

0.514

4.060

1.735

1.349

2.351

19.050

NOX

0.786

0.972

1.316

3.919

1.315

1.147

9.098

1.000

VOC

0.958

1.119

1.349

1.306

0.773

0.866

0.554

4.160

CO

8.188

10.064

11.665

11.322

1.811

1.409

2.579

20.520

NOX

0.810

0.992

1.342

3.843

1.341

1.170

9.282

0.980

VOC

0.958

1.119

1.349

1.306

0.773

0.866

0.554

4.160

CO

8.188

10.064

11.665

11.322

1.811

1.409

2.579

20.520

NOX

0.810

0.992

1.342

3.843

1.341

1.170

9.282

0.980

VOC

1.258

1.504

1.833

2.225

1.064

1.202

0.926

5.240

CO

9.524

11.181

13.164

23.817

2.698

2.114

5.247

38.130

NOX

1.087

1.245

1.668

3.406

1.721

1.504

11.946

0.860

VOC

0.843

0.973

1.163

0.923

0.608

0.674

0.343

3.710

CO

10.792

12.663

14.440

8.653

1.536

1.190

1.751

13.640

NOX

0.792

1.015

1.355

4.599

1.608

1.405

12.672

1.190

VOC

0.847

0.977

1.168

0.928

0.610

0.677

0.345

3.710

CO

10.692

12.553

14.330

8.512

1.532

1.187

1.739

13.640

NOX

0.790

1.011

1.352

4.570

1.572

1.373

12.416

1.170

VOC

0.939

1.098

1.322

1.245

0.749

0.838

0.523

4.080

CO

8.185

10.091

11.670

10.553

1.752

1.362

2.402

19.380

NOX

0.791

0.977

1.322

3.902

1.321

1.152

9.139

1.000

VOC

0.939

1.098

1.322

1.245

0.749

0.838

0.523

4.080

CO

8.185

10.091

11.670

10.553

1.752

1.362

2.402

19.380

NOX

0.791

0.977

1.322

3.902

1.321

1.152

9.139

1.000

VOC

1.021

1.190

1.439

1.508

0.848

0.952

0.649

4.380

CO

8.308

10.114

11.767

13.960

2.008

1.565

3.170

24.100

NOX

0.868

1.045

1.409

3.692

1.420

1.240

9.837

0.930

VOC

1.258

1.504

1.833

2.225

1.064

1.202

0.926

5.240

CO

9.524

11.181

13.164

23.817

2.698

2.114

5.247

38.130

NOX

1.087

1.245

1.668

3.406

1.721

1.504

11.946

0.860

September 2005 (Weighted by 91.6% of I/M and 8.4% of Non-I/M)
LDGT LDGT
Facility Type
Pollutant LDGV
HDGV
12
34
Rural
0.788
0.911
1.091
0.835
VOC
Principal
11.579
13.548
15.414
10.493
CO
Arterial 0.805
1.041
1.381
4.871
NOX
Interstate
Rural
0.898
1.055
1.276
1.165
VOC
Principal
8.086
10.050
11.590
9.825
CO
Arterial 0.774
0.964
1.304
3.915
NOX
Other
Rural Minor
0.898
1.055
1.276
1.165
VOC
Arterial
8.086
10.050
11.590
9.825
CO
Rural Major
Collector

Rural Minor
Collector

Rural Local

Urban
Principal
Arterial Interstate
Urban
Freeway &
Expressway
Urban
Principal
Arterial Other
Urban Minor
Arterial

Urban
Collector

Urban Local

LDDV

LDDT

HDDV

MC

0.597

0.662

0.329

3.830

1.622

1.259

2.009

23.850

2.132

1.865

16.339

1.450

0.742

0.829

0.514

3.720

1.735

1.349

2.351

17.290

1.315

1.147

9.098

1.030

0.742

0.829

0.514

3.720

1.735

1.349

2.351

17.290

NOX

0.774

0.964

1.304

3.915

1.315

1.147

9.098

1.030

VOC

0.922

1.080

1.309

1.242

0.773

0.866

0.554

3.820

CO

8.089

10.024

11.585

10.765

1.811

1.409

2.579

18.620

NOX

0.796

0.984

1.330

3.839

1.341

1.170

9.282

1.010

VOC

0.922

1.080

1.309

1.242

0.773

0.866

0.554

3.820

CO

8.089

10.024

11.585

10.765

1.811

1.409

2.579

18.620

NOX

0.796

0.984

1.330

3.839

1.341

1.170

9.282

1.010

VOC

1.221

1.456

1.783

2.150

1.064

1.202

0.926

4.880

CO

9.423

11.169

13.122

22.652

2.698

2.114

5.247

34.510

NOX

1.062

1.231

1.650

3.403

1.721

1.504

11.946

0.880

VOC

0.809

0.939

1.128

0.866

0.608

0.674

0.343

3.380

CO

10.614

12.534

14.290

8.227

1.536

1.190

1.751

12.410

NOX

0.783

1.008

1.346

4.594

1.608

1.405

12.672

1.230

VOC

0.813

0.942

1.132

0.871

0.610

0.677

0.345

3.380

CO

10.513

12.434

14.170

8.097

1.532

1.187

1.739

12.410

NOX

0.781

1.004

1.342

4.566

1.572

1.373

12.416

1.210

VOC

0.903

1.061

1.283

1.182

0.749

0.838

0.523

3.740

CO

8.087

10.041

11.590

10.037

1.752

1.362

2.402

17.590

NOX

0.778

0.968

1.310

3.898

1.321

1.152

9.139

1.030

VOC

0.903

1.061

1.283

1.182

0.749

0.838

0.523

3.740

CO

8.087

10.041

11.590

10.037

1.752

1.362

2.402

17.590

NOX

0.778

0.968

1.310

3.898

1.321

1.152

9.139

1.030

VOC

0.984

1.149

1.397

1.441

0.848

0.952

0.649

4.040

CO

8.219

10.084

11.707

13.272

2.008

1.565

3.170

21.850

NOX

0.852

1.035

1.396

3.689

1.420

1.240

9.837

0.960

VOC

1.221

1.456

1.783

2.150

1.064

1.202

0.926

4.880

CO

9.423

11.169

13.122

22.652

2.698

2.114

5.247

34.510

NOX

1.062

1.231

1.650

3.403

1.721

1.504

11.946

0.880

October 2005 (Weighted by 91.6% of I/M and 8.4% of Non-I/M)
LDGT LDGT
Facility Type
Pollutant LDGV
HDGV
12
34
Rural
0.820
0.939
1.127
0.895
VOC
Principal
10.007 12.154
14.512
9.161
CO
Arterial 0.714
0.946
1.320
4.992
NOX
Interstate
Rural
0.994
1.099
1.328
1.274
VOC
Principal
7.329
9.393
11.272
8.575
CO
Arterial 0.678
0.873
1.240
4.013
NOX
Other
Rural Minor
0.994
1.099
1.328
1.274
VOC
Arterial
7.329
9.393
11.272
8.575
CO
Rural Major
Collector

Rural Minor
Collector

Rural Local

Urban
Principal
Arterial Interstate
Urban
Freeway &
Expressway
Urban
Principal
Arterial Other
Urban Minor
Arterial

Urban
Collector

Urban Local

LDDV

LDDT

HDDV

MC

0.599

0.668

0.335

4.560

1.623

1.278

2.021

19.850

2.176

1.924

16.877

1.560

0.746

0.839

0.523

4.450

1.737

1.371

2.364

14.500

1.342

1.182

9.374

1.120

0.746

0.839

0.523

4.450

1.737

1.371

2.364

14.500

NOX

0.678

0.873

1.240

4.013

1.342

1.182

9.374

1.120

VOC

1.025

1.127

1.361

1.356

0.778

0.876

0.564

4.540

CO

7.343

9.387

11.287

9.394

1.814

1.433

2.594

15.580

NOX

0.696

0.891

1.264

3.936

1.368

1.206

9.564

1.090

VOC

1.025

1.127

1.361

1.356

0.778

0.876

0.564

4.540

CO

7.343

9.387

11.287

9.394

1.814

1.433

2.594

15.580

NOX

0.696

0.891

1.264

3.936

1.368

1.206

9.564

1.090

VOC

1.517

1.550

1.883

2.429

1.073

1.219

0.942

5.600

CO

8.506

10.437

12.773

19.778

2.710

2.158

5.278

28.540

NOX

0.910

1.106

1.561

3.487

1.757

1.551

12.302

0.950

VOC

0.849

0.973

1.170

0.933

0.610

0.681

0.349

4.110

CO

9.260

11.360

13.558

7.180

1.536

1.207

1.761

10.520

NOX

0.694

0.916

1.285

4.708

1.641

1.449

13.108

1.330

VOC

0.853

0.977

1.174

0.939

0.612

0.683

0.352

4.110

CO

9.180

11.279

13.458

7.068

1.532

1.204

1.749

10.520

NOX

0.692

0.913

1.282

4.679

1.604

1.416

12.845

1.310

VOC

1.001

1.106

1.335

1.292

0.753

0.847

0.532

4.470

CO

7.330

9.384

11.273

8.757

1.755

1.384

2.416

14.740

NOX

0.682

0.877

1.245

3.996

1.348

1.188

9.417

1.110

VOC

1.001

1.106

1.335

1.292

0.753

0.847

0.532

4.470

CO

7.330

9.384

11.273

8.757

1.755

1.384

2.416

14.740

NOX

0.682

0.877

1.245

3.996

1.348

1.188

9.417

1.110

VOC

1.105

1.200

1.453

1.567

0.853

0.964

0.661

4.760

CO

7.472

9.476

11.439

11.589

2.013

1.593

3.188

18.220

NOX

0.741

0.934

1.325

3.780

1.449

1.278

10.134

1.030

VOC

1.517

1.550

1.883

2.429

1.073

1.219

0.942

5.600

CO

8.506

10.437

12.773

19.778

2.710

2.158

5.278

28.540

NOX

0.910

1.106

1.561

3.487

1.757

1.551

12.302

0.950

November 2005 (Weighted by 91.6% of I/M and 8.4% of Non-I/M)
LDGT LDGT
Facility Type
Pollutant LDGV
HDGV
12
34
Rural
0.775
0.921
1.120
0.784
VOC
Principal
11.132 13.626
15.886
8.452
CO
Arterial 0.730
0.976
1.355
5.039
NOX
Interstate
Rural
0.901
1.053
1.291
1.113
VOC
Principal
8.580
10.902
12.701
7.907
CO
Arterial 0.676
0.894
1.263
4.051
NOX
Other
Rural Minor
0.901
1.053
1.291
1.113
VOC
Arterial
8.580
10.902
12.701
7.907
CO
Rural Major
Collector

Rural Minor
Collector

Rural Local

Urban
Principal
Arterial Interstate
Urban
Freeway &
Expressway
Urban
Principal
Arterial Other
Urban Minor
Arterial

Urban
Collector

Urban Local

LDDV

LDDT

HDDV

MC

0.599

0.668

0.335

4.010

1.623

1.278

2.021

16.610

2.176

1.924

16.877

1.730

0.746

0.839

0.523

3.900

1.737

1.371

2.364

12.280

1.342

1.182

9.374

1.230

0.746

0.839

0.523

3.900

1.737

1.371

2.364

12.280

NOX

0.676

0.894

1.263

4.051

1.342

1.182

9.374

1.230

VOC

0.925

1.076

1.320

1.189

0.778

0.876

0.564

3.990

CO

8.604

10.925

12.746

8.665

1.814

1.433

2.594

13.160

NOX

0.692

0.910

1.286

3.973

1.368

1.206

9.564

1.210

VOC

0.925

1.076

1.320

1.189

0.778

0.876

0.564

3.990

CO

8.604

10.925

12.746

8.665

1.814

1.433

2.594

13.160

NOX

0.692

0.910

1.286

3.973

1.368

1.206

9.564

1.210

VOC

1.280

1.441

1.780

2.136

1.073

1.219

0.942

5.030

CO

9.825

12.193

14.469

18.238

2.710

2.158

5.278

23.630

NOX

0.885

1.124

1.577

3.520

1.757

1.551

12.302

1.050

VOC

0.799

0.951

1.158

0.814

0.610

0.681

0.349

3.570

CO

10.424

12.850

14.950

6.622

1.536

1.207

1.761

9.070

NOX

0.706

0.943

1.317

4.752

1.641

1.449

13.108

1.470

VOC

0.802

0.954

1.162

0.819

0.612

0.683

0.352

3.570

CO

10.353

12.770

14.859

6.521

1.532

1.204

1.749

9.070

NOX

0.703

0.940

1.313

4.723

1.604

1.416

12.845

1.450

VOC

0.906

1.058

1.297

1.130

0.753

0.847

0.532

3.920

CO

8.581

10.912

12.703

8.078

1.755

1.384

2.416

12.480

NOX

0.679

0.897

1.268

4.033

1.348

1.188

9.417

1.230

VOC

0.906

1.058

1.297

1.130

0.753

0.847

0.532

3.920

CO

8.581

10.912

12.703

8.078

1.755

1.384

2.416

12.480

NOX

0.679

0.897

1.268

4.033

1.348

1.188

9.417

1.230

VOC

0.988

1.140

1.401

1.385

0.853

0.964

0.661

4.210

CO

8.764

11.075

12.969

10.696

2.013

1.593

3.188

15.290

NOX

0.732

0.953

1.345

3.816

1.449

1.278

10.134

1.140

VOC

1.280

1.441

1.780

2.136

1.073

1.219

0.942

5.030

CO

9.825

12.193

14.469

18.238

2.710

2.158

5.278

23.630

NOX

0.885

1.124

1.577

3.520

1.757

1.551

12.302

1.050

December 2005 (Weighted by 91.6% of I/M and 8.4% of Non-I/M)
LDGT LDGT
Facility Type
Pollutant LDGV
HDGV
12
34
Rural
0.746
0.910
1.119
0.724
VOC
Principal
11.253
14.045
16.354
7.996
CO
Arterial 0.723
0.980
1.368
5.019
NOX
Interstate
Rural
0.869
1.044
1.293
1.050
VOC
Principal
8.958
11.517
13.338
7.481
CO
Arterial 0.654
0.891
1.265
4.034
NOX
Other
Rural Minor
0.869
1.044
1.293
1.050
VOC
Arterial
8.958
11.517
13.338
7.481
CO
Rural Major
Collector

Rural Minor
Collector

Rural Local

Urban
Principal
Arterial Interstate
Urban
Freeway &
Expressway
Urban
Principal
Arterial Other
Urban Minor
Arterial

Urban
Collector

Urban Local

LDDV

LDDT

HDDV

MC

0.599

0.668

0.335

3.510

1.623

1.278

2.021

14.540

2.176

1.924

16.877

1.850

0.746

0.839

0.523

3.400

1.737

1.371

2.364

10.850

1.342

1.182

9.374

1.320

0.746

0.839

0.523

3.400

1.737

1.371

2.364

10.850

NOX

0.654

0.891

1.265

4.034

1.342

1.182

9.374

1.320

VOC

0.894

1.068

1.324

1.128

0.778

0.876

0.564

3.490

CO

9.001

11.570

13.413

8.198

1.814

1.433

2.594

11.600

NOX

0.668

0.907

1.287

3.957

1.368

1.206

9.564

1.290

VOC

0.894

1.068

1.324

1.128

0.778

0.876

0.564

3.490

CO

9.001

11.570

13.413

8.198

1.814

1.433

2.594

11.600

NOX

0.668

0.907

1.287

3.957

1.368

1.206

9.564

1.290

VOC

1.236

1.457

1.811

2.072

1.073

1.219

0.942

4.510

CO

10.222

12.986

15.303

17.265

2.710

2.158

5.278

20.550

NOX

0.837

1.113

1.569

3.506

1.757

1.551

12.302

1.130

VOC

0.771

0.939

1.158

0.754

0.610

0.681

0.349

3.070

CO

10.624

13.327

15.468

6.267

1.536

1.207

1.761

8.100

NOX

0.696

0.946

1.327

4.733

1.641

1.449

13.108

1.580

VOC

0.774

0.943

1.163

0.759

0.612

0.683

0.352

3.070

CO

10.553

13.247

15.377

6.176

1.532

1.204

1.749

8.100

NOX

0.693

0.942

1.323

4.704

1.604

1.416

12.845

1.550

VOC

0.875

1.049

1.301

1.068

0.753

0.847

0.532

3.420

CO

8.969

11.528

13.359

7.642

1.755

1.384

2.416

11.020

NOX

0.657

0.895

1.270

4.017

1.348

1.188

9.417

1.310

VOC

0.875

1.049

1.301

1.068

0.753

0.847

0.532

3.420

CO

8.969

11.528

13.359

7.642

1.755

1.384

2.416

11.020

NOX

0.657

0.895

1.270

4.017

1.348

1.188

9.417

1.310

VOC

0.955

1.132

1.407

1.324

0.853

0.964

0.661

3.700

CO

9.181

11.771

13.696

10.118

2.013

1.593

3.188

13.420

NOX

0.703

0.949

1.344

3.801

1.449

1.278

10.134

1.220

VOC

1.236

1.457

1.811

2.072

1.073

1.219

0.942

4.510

CO

10.222

12.986

15.303

17.265

2.710

2.158

5.278

20.550

NOX

0.837

1.113

1.569

3.506

1.757

1.551

12.302

1.130