2002 Periodic Emissions Inventory
for
Ozone Precursors

for the
Maricopa County, Arizona, Nonattainment Area

June 2004

This emissions inventory has been prepared by:
Bob Downing
Dena Konopka
Matt Poppen
Eric Raisanen
Maricopa County Environmental Services Department
1001 N. Central Ave. Suite 250
Phoenix, AZ 85004

Ruey-in Chiou
Steve Ochs
Roger Roy
Maricopa Association of Governments
302 N. 1st Ave. Suite 300
Phoenix, AZ 85003

with additional contributions and/or review by:
Randy Sedlacek
Peter Hyde
Arizona Department of Environmental Quality
1101 W. Washington St.
Phoenix, AZ 85007
Bob Farrell
Pima County Air Quality Control District
P.O. Box 987
Florence, AZ 85232
Alison K. Pollock
Cuong Tran
Christian Lindjhem
ENVIRON International Corp.
101 Rowland Way
Novato, CA 94945

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Table of Contents
1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5

Overview............................................................................................................................ 1
Agencies responsible for the emissions inventory............................................................. 1
Temporal scope.................................................................................................................. 2
Geographic scope............................................................................................................... 2
Overview of local demographic and land-use data............................................................ 3
1.5.1 Demographic data ................................................................................................... 3
1.5.2 Land-use data .......................................................................................................... 3
1.6 Emissions overview by source category............................................................................ 4
1.6.1 Point sources ........................................................................................................... 4
1.6.2 Area sources............................................................................................................ 5
1.6.3 Nonroad mobile sources ......................................................................................... 6
1.6.4 Onroad mobile sources ........................................................................................... 7
1.6.5 Biogenic sources ..................................................................................................... 7
1.6.6 Summary of emissions by source category............................................................. 7
1.7 References........................................................................................................................ 13
2. Point Sources .......................................................................................................................... 15
2.1 Introduction and scope..................................................................................................... 15
2.2 Identification of point sources ......................................................................................... 16
2.3 Procedures for estimating emissions from point sources ................................................ 20
2.3.1 Sources with air quality permits issued by Maricopa County Environmental
Services Department (MCESD)............................................................................ 20
2.3.1.1 Application of rule effectiveness ............................................................. 21
2.3.1.2 Example 1: Ocotillo Power Plant ............................................................ 22
2.3.1.3 Example 2: Rogers Corp. Advanced Circuit Materials ........................... 23
2.3.2 Sources with air quality permits issued by Pinal County Air Quality Control
District................................................................................................................... 24
2.4 Detailed overview of point source emissions .................................................................. 24
2.4.1 Point source emissions by geographic location .................................................... 24
2.4.2 Point source emissions by process type ................................................................ 29
2.5 Emission reduction credits............................................................................................... 39
2.6 Summary of point source emissions ................................................................................ 40
2.7 Quality assurance / quality control procedures................................................................ 40
2.7.1 Emission survey preparation and data collection.................................................. 40
2.7.2 Submission processing.......................................................................................... 41
2.7.3 Analysis of annual point source emissions data for this inventory....................... 42
2.8 References........................................................................................................................ 42
3. Area Sources ........................................................................................................................... 43
3.1 Scope and methodology................................................................................................... 43
3.2 Fuel combustion............................................................................................................... 44
3.2.1 Industrial natural gas............................................................................................. 45
3.2.2 Industrial fuel oil................................................................................................... 46
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3.3

3.4

3.5

3.6

3.2.3 Commercial/institutional natural gas .................................................................... 48
3.2.4 Commercial/institutional fuel oil .......................................................................... 49
3.2.5 Residential natural gas .......................................................................................... 51
3.2.6 Residential wood combustion ............................................................................... 52
3.2.7 Residential fuel oil ................................................................................................ 53
3.2.8 Summary of all area source fuel combustion........................................................ 54
Industrial processes.......................................................................................................... 54
3.3.1 Chemical manufacturing....................................................................................... 54
3.3.2 Food and kindred products.................................................................................... 56
3.3.2.1 Commercial cooking................................................................................ 56
3.3.2.2 Bakeries ................................................................................................... 57
3.3.3 Secondary metal production ................................................................................. 58
3.3.4 Mineral processes.................................................................................................. 59
3.3.5 Rubber/plastics...................................................................................................... 60
3.3.6 Fabricated metal products ..................................................................................... 62
3.3.7 Electrical equipment manufacturing ..................................................................... 63
3.3.8 State-permitted portable sources........................................................................... 65
3.3.9 Industrial processes, not elsewhere classified....................................................... 66
3.3.10 Summary of all area source industrial processes .................................................. 66
Solvent use....................................................................................................................... 66
3.4.1 Surface coating...................................................................................................... 66
3.4.1.1 Architectural coatings.............................................................................. 66
3.4.1.2 Auto refinishing ....................................................................................... 67
3.4.1.3 Traffic markings ...................................................................................... 68
3.4.1.4 Factory-finished wood ............................................................................. 68
3.4.1.5 Wood furniture......................................................................................... 70
3.4.1.6 Aircraft surface coating ........................................................................... 72
3.4.1.7 Miscellaneous manufacturing.................................................................. 73
3.4.1.8 Summary of all area source surface coating ............................................ 75
3.4.2 Degreasing ............................................................................................................ 75
3.4.3 Dry cleaning.......................................................................................................... 77
3.4.4 Graphic arts........................................................................................................... 77
3.4.5 Miscellaneous industrial solvent use .................................................................... 79
3.4.6 Pesticide application: agricultural......................................................................... 80
3.4.7 Consumer and commercial solvent use................................................................. 82
3.4.8 Asphalt application ............................................................................................... 83
3.4.9 Summary of all area source solvent use................................................................ 85
Storage and transport ....................................................................................................... 85
3.5.1 Bulk plants/terminals ............................................................................................ 85
3.5.2 Volatile organic liquid (VOL) storage and transport............................................ 86
3.5.3 Petroleum tanker truck fuel delivery..................................................................... 86
3.5.4 Petroleum tanker trucks in transit ......................................................................... 87
3.5.5 Service stations, breathing/emptying .................................................................... 88
3.5.6 Vehicle refueling................................................................................................... 88
3.5.7 Summary of all area source storage and transport ................................................ 89
Waste treatment and disposal .......................................................................................... 89
3.6.1 On-site incineration............................................................................................... 89
3.6.2 Open burning ........................................................................................................ 89

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3.7

3.8
3.9
3.10

3.6.3 Landfills ................................................................................................................ 92
3.6.4 Publicly owned treatment works (POTWs) .......................................................... 93
3.6.5 Remediation of leaking underground storage tanks.............................................. 93
3.6.6 Other industrial waste disposal ............................................................................. 94
3.6.7 Summary of all area-source waste treatment and disposal ................................... 94
Miscellaneous area sources.............................................................................................. 95
3.7.1 Other combustion.................................................................................................. 95
3.7.1.1 Wildfires and brush fires ......................................................................... 95
3.7.1.2 Structure fires........................................................................................... 96
3.7.1.3 Vehicle fires............................................................................................. 98
3.7.1.4 Engine testing .......................................................................................... 98
3.7.2 Health services ...................................................................................................... 99
3.7.2.1 Hospitals .................................................................................................. 99
3.7.2.2 Crematories............................................................................................ 100
3.7.3 Accidental releases.............................................................................................. 101
3.7.4 Summary of all miscellaneous area sources ....................................................... 101
Summary of all area sources.......................................................................................... 102
Quality assurance / quality control procedures.............................................................. 105
References...................................................................................................................... 106

4. Nonroad Mobile Sources...................................................................................................... 111
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
4.10
4.11
4.12
4.13
4.14
4.15
4.16

Introduction.................................................................................................................... 111
Agricultural equipment.................................................................................................. 113
Airport ground support equipment ................................................................................ 114
Commercial equipment.................................................................................................. 115
Construction and mining equipment.............................................................................. 116
Industrial equipment ...................................................................................................... 116
Lawn and garden equipment.......................................................................................... 117
Logging equipment........................................................................................................ 118
Pleasure craft ................................................................................................................. 118
Railway maintenance equipment ................................................................................... 119
Recreational equipment ................................................................................................. 120
Aircraft........................................................................................................................... 120
Locomotives .................................................................................................................. 124
Summary of all nonroad mobile source emissions ........................................................ 125
Quality assurance procedures ........................................................................................ 126
References...................................................................................................................... 126

5. Onroad Mobile Sources ....................................................................................................... 127
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5

Introduction.................................................................................................................... 127
VMT estimation procedure............................................................................................ 127
Speed estimation procedure........................................................................................... 130
Monthly VMT factors.................................................................................................... 131
Emission factor estimation procedure ........................................................................... 132
5.5.1 Emission factor model ........................................................................................ 132
5.5.2 Development of model inputs............................................................................. 133
5.5.3 Model outputs ..................................................................................................... 137

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5.5.4 Summary of emission factors.............................................................................. 137
5.5.5 Emission estimates.............................................................................................. 138
5.6 Summary of ozone precursor emissions from onroad mobile sources .......................... 187
5.7 Quality assurance process.............................................................................................. 199
5.7.1 VMT estimates.................................................................................................... 199
5.7.2 Emission factor estimates ................................................................................... 199
5.7.3 Quality review of the 2002 periodic ozone precursor emissions inventory........ 199
5.8 References...................................................................................................................... 200
6. Biogenic Sources ................................................................................................................... 201
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8

Introduction and scope................................................................................................... 201
Modeling domain adjustments....................................................................................... 201
Land-use categories ....................................................................................................... 202
Derivation of emission factors....................................................................................... 203
Meteorological inputs .................................................................................................... 205
Summary of emissions from biogenic sources .............................................................. 206
Biogenic emissions comparison .................................................................................... 206
References...................................................................................................................... 207

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List of Tables
Table 1.2–1.
Table 1.5–1.
Table 1.5–2.
Table 1.6–1.

Chapter authors and QA/QC contacts. ..................................................................... 1
Demographic profile of Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area. ....... 3
Land-use categories used to apportion emissions. ................................................... 4
Summary of annual and season-day emissions from point sources in Maricopa
County. ..................................................................................................................... 4
Table 1.6–2. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from point sources in the ozone
NAA. ........................................................................................................................ 5
Table 1.6–3. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from area sources in Maricopa
County. ..................................................................................................................... 5
Table 1.6–4. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from area sources in the ozone
NAA. ........................................................................................................................ 6
Table 1.6–5. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from nonroad mobile sources in
Maricopa County...................................................................................................... 6
Table 1.6–6. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from nonroad mobile sources in
the ozone NAA......................................................................................................... 6
Table 1.6–7. Annual and season-day emissions from onroad mobile sources in the ozone
NAA. ........................................................................................................................ 7
Table 1.6–8. Annual and season-day emissions from biogenic sources in the ozone NAA......... 7
Table 1.6–9. Summary of annual VOC emissions by source category, 1990–2002 (tons/yr). ... 12
Table 1.6–10. Summary of annual NOx emissions by source category, 1990–2002 (tons/yr). .... 12
Table 1.6–11. Summary of annual CO emissions by source category, 1990–2002 (tons/yr)....... 12
Table 1.6–12. Summary of VOC season-day emissions by source category, 1990–2002
(lbs/day). ................................................................................................................ 13
Table 1.6–13. Summary of NOx season-day emissions by source category, 1990–2002
(lbs/day). ................................................................................................................ 13
Table 1.6–14. Summary of CO season-day emissions by source category, 1990–2002
(lbs/day). ................................................................................................................ 13
Table 2.2–1. Number of point sources by location and permitting authority. ............................ 16
Table 2.2–2. Name and location of all point sources. ................................................................. 17
Table 2.3–1. Process-specific rule effectiveness (RE) determinations using questionnaires. .... 22
Table 2.4–1. Annual and ozone season-day point source emissions, by facility. ....................... 25
Table 2.4–2. Annual and ozone season-day point source emissions, by process type. .............. 29
Table 2.5–1. Emission reduction credits. .................................................................................... 40
Table 2.6–1. Summary of annual and ozone season-day point source emissions, by source
category. ................................................................................................................. 40
Table 3.1–1. List of area source categories................................................................................. 43
Table 3.2–1. Natural gas sales data from Maricopa County natural gas suppliers. .................... 45
Table 3.2–2. Emission factors and annual emissions from area-source industrial natural gas
combustion, by combustion type. .......................................................................... 45
Table 3.2–3. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source industrial natural gas
combustion. ............................................................................................................ 46
Table 3.2–4. Emission factors and annual emissions from area-source industrial fuel oil
combustion by combustion type............................................................................. 47
Table 3.2–5. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source industrial fuel oil
combustion. ............................................................................................................ 48
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Table 3.2–6. Emission factors and annual emissions from area-source
commercial/institutional natural gas combustion by combustion type. ................. 48
Table 3.2–7. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source commercial/institutional
natural gas combustion........................................................................................... 49
Table 3.2–8. Emission factors and annual emissions from area-source
commercial/institutional fuel oil combustion, by combustion type. ...................... 50
Table 3.2–9. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source commercial/institutional
fuel oil combustion................................................................................................. 51
Table 3.2–10. Residential natural gas combustion emission factors ( in lb/MMCF). .................. 51
Table 3.2–11. Annual and season-day emissions from residential natural gas combustion. ........ 52
Table 3.2–12. Annual wood usage, emission factors, and annual emissions from residential
wood combustion. .................................................................................................. 53
Table 3.2–13. Annual and season-day emissions from residential wood combustion.................. 53
Table 3.2–14. Emission factors, annual and season-day emissions from residential fuel oil
combustion. ............................................................................................................ 54
Table 3.2–15. Summary of annual and season-day area source fuel combustion......................... 54
Table 3.3–1. NAICS codes and descriptions for chemical manufacturing. ................................ 54
Table 3.3–2. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source chemical manufacturing...... 56
Table 3.3–3. Maricopa County restaurants by type. ................................................................... 56
Table 3.3–4. Annual emissions from commercial cooking, by equipment type......................... 56
Table 3.3–5. Season-day emissions from commercial cooking, by equipment type. ................. 57
Table 3.3–6. Annual and season-day emissions from commercial cooking................................ 57
Table 3.3–7. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source bakeries...................... 58
Table 3.3–8. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source secondary metal
production. ............................................................................................................. 59
Table 3.3–9. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source non-metallic mineral
products. ................................................................................................................. 60
Table 3.3–10. NAICS codes and descriptions for rubber and plastic manufacturing facilities. ... 61
Table 3.3–11. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from rubber and plastic manufacturing
facilities. ................................................................................................................. 62
Table 3.3–12. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source fabricated metal
products manufacturing.......................................................................................... 63
Table 3.3–13. NAICS codes and descriptions for electric equipment manufacturing.................. 63
Table 3.3–14. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source electric equipment
manufacturing. ....................................................................................................... 64
Table 3.3–15. Emissions from ADEQ-permitted portable sources, by permit type. .................... 66
Table 3.3–16. Annual and season-day emissions from other industrial processes NEC. ............. 66
Table 3.3–17. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from area-source industrial
processes. ............................................................................................................... 66
Table 3.4–1. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from architectural coating...................... 67
Table 3.4–2. Annual and season-day emissions from automobile refinishing............................ 68
Table 3.4–3. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from traffic markings............................. 68
Table 3.4–4. NAICS codes and descriptions for factory-finished wood surface coating. .......... 69
Table 3.4–5. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source factory-finished
wood surface coating.............................................................................................. 70
Table 3.4–6. NAICS codes and descriptions for wood furniture surface coating....................... 70
Table 3.4–7. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source wood furniture
surface coating. ...................................................................................................... 71
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Table 3.4–8. NAICS codes and descriptions for aircraft surface coating. .................................. 72
Table 3.4–9. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source aircraft surface
coating. ................................................................................................................... 73
Table 3.4–10. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from miscellaneous surface coating. ..... 75
Table 3.4–11. Summary of annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source surface
coating. ................................................................................................................... 75
Table 3.4–12. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source degreasing.................. 76
Table 3.4–13. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from dry cleaning................................... 77
Table 3.4–14. NAICS codes and descriptions for graphic arts ..................................................... 78
Table 3.4–15. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source graphic arts. ............... 79
Table 3.4–16. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area source miscellaneous
industrial solvent use.............................................................................................. 80
Table 3.4–17. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from agricultural pesticide application. . 82
Table 3.4–18. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from consumer and commercial
products. ................................................................................................................. 83
Table 3.4–19. Vehicle miles traveled (VMT) and population data............................................... 83
Table 3.4–20. Annual asphalt usage, by type................................................................................ 83
Table 3.4–21. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from asphalt application. ....................... 85
Table 3.4–22. Summary of annual and season-day VOC emissions from all area-source
solvent use.............................................................................................................. 85
Table 3.5–1. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source bulk terminals and
bulk plants. ............................................................................................................. 85
Table 3.5–2. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source organic liquid
storage/transfer....................................................................................................... 86
Table 3.5–3. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from tanker truck fuel delivery.............. 87
Table 3.5–4. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from gasoline trucks in transit. .............. 87
Table 3.5–5. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from gasoline marketing breathing and
emptying losses. ..................................................................................................... 88
Table 3.5–6. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from vehicle refueling. .......................... 89
Table 3.5–7. Summary of annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source storage
and transport........................................................................................................... 89
Table 3.6–1. Annual and season-day emissions from on-site incineration................................. 89
Table 3.6–2. 2002 burn permit activity data used to estimate the amount of material burned. .. 90
Table 3.6–3. Emission and fuel loading factors for open burning. ............................................. 90
Table 3.6–4. Annual emissions from open burning. ................................................................... 91
Table 3.6–5. Surrogate land-use classes, ratios, and annual emissions from open burning in
the ozone NAA....................................................................................................... 91
Table 3.6–6. Season-day emissions (lbs/day) from open burning. ............................................. 92
Table 3.6–7. Annual and season-day emissions from landfills................................................... 93
Table 3.6–8. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from publicly-owned treatment works
(POTWs). ............................................................................................................... 93
Table 3.6–9. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from remediation of leaking
underground storage tanks. .................................................................................... 94
Table 3.6–10. Annual and season-day emissions from other waste disposal. .............................. 94
Table 3.6–11. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from area-source waste
treatment and disposal............................................................................................ 94
Table 3.7–1. Emission factors and fuel loading factors for wildfires. ........................................ 95
Table 3.7–2. Annual emissions from wildfires and brush fires (tons/yr).................................... 96
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Table 3.7–3. Season-day emissions from wildfires and brush fires (lbs/day)............................. 96
Table 3.7–4. Estimated material burned, emission factors and fuel loading factors for
structure fires.......................................................................................................... 97
Table 3.7–5. Annual and season-day emissions from structure fires.......................................... 97
Table 3.7–6. Estimated material burned, fuel loading factors, and emission factors for
vehicle fires. ........................................................................................................... 98
Table 3.7–7. Annual and season-day emissions from vehicle fires. ........................................... 98
Table 3.7–8. Annual and season-day emissions from engine testing. ........................................ 99
Table 3.7–9. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from hospitals. ..................................... 100
Table 3.7–10. Annual and season-day emissions from crematories. .......................................... 101
Table 3.7–11. Annual and season-day emissions from accidental releases. ............................... 101
Table 3.7–12. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from miscellaneous area
sources.................................................................................................................. 101
Table 3.8–1. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from all area sources in
Maricopa County.................................................................................................. 102
Table 3.8–2. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from all area sources within the
ozone NAA. ......................................................................................................... 104
Table 4.1–1. Default weekday and weekend day activity allocation fractions. ........................ 113
Table 4.2–1. Annual emissions (in tons/yr) from agricultural equipment in Maricopa
County. ................................................................................................................. 113
Table 4.2–2. Annual emissions (in tons/yr) from agricultural equipment in the ozone NAA. . 114
Table 4.2–3. Ozone season emissions from agricultural equipment in Maricopa County........ 114
Table 4.2–4. Ozone season-day emissions (in lbs/day) from agricultural equipment in the
ozone NAA. ......................................................................................................... 114
Table 4.3–1. Annual emissions (in tons/yr) from airport ground support equipment............... 115
Table 4.3–2. Ozone season-day emissions (in lbs/day) from airport ground support
equipment............................................................................................................. 115
Table 4.4–1. Annual emissions (in tons/yr) from commercial equipment................................ 115
Table 4.4–2. Ozone season-day emissions (in lbs/day) from commercial equipment.............. 116
Table 4.5–1. Annual emissions (in tons/yr) from construction and mining equipment............ 116
Table 4.5–2. Ozone season-day emissions (in lbs/day) from construction and mining
equipment............................................................................................................. 116
Table 4.6–1. Annual emissions (in tons/yr) from industrial equipment.................................... 117
Table 4.6–2. Ozone season-day emissions (in lbs/day) from industrial equipment.................. 117
Table 4.7–1. Annual emissions (in tons/yr) from lawn and garden equipment. ....................... 117
Table 4.7–2. Ozone season-day emissions (in lbs/day) from lawn and garden equipment. ..... 118
Table 4.8–1. Annual emissions (in tons/yr) from logging equipment. ..................................... 118
Table 4.8–2. Ozone season-day emissions (in lbs/day) from logging equipment..................... 118
Table 4.9–1. Annual emissions (in tons/yr) from pleasure craft equipment. ............................ 119
Table 4.9–2. Ozone season-day emissions (in lbs/day) from pleasure craft equipment. .......... 119
Table 4.10–1. Annual emissions (in tons/yr) from railway maintenance equipment. ................ 119
Table 4.10–2. Ozone season-day emissions (in lbs/day) from railway maintenance equipment.120
Table 4.11–1. Annual emissions (in tons/yr) from recreational equipment................................ 120
Table 4.11–2. Ozone season-day emissions (in lbs/day) from recreational equipment.............. 120
Table 4.12–1. NEI default emission factors (lbs/LTO), by aircraft type. ................................... 121
Table 4.12–2. 2002 airport activity data, emission calculation methods, and emission factors. 122
Table 4.12–3. Annual and ozone season-day emissions, by airport and aircraft type. ............... 123
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Table 4.13–1. Fuel use, emission factors, and annual emissions from locomotives in
Maricopa County.................................................................................................. 124
Table 4.13–2. Annual emissions (in tons/yr) from locomotives in the ozone NAA................... 124
Table 4.13–3. Ozone season-day emissions (in lbs/day) from locomotives. .............................. 125
Table 4.14–1. Annual and season-day emissions from nonroad mobile sources in Maricopa
County. ................................................................................................................. 125
Table 4.14–2. Annual and season-day emissions from nonroad mobile sources in the ozone
NAA. .................................................................................................................... 125
Table 5.2–1. 2002 HPMS VMT by area type and facility type for the ozone nonattainment
area (annual average daily traffic)........................................................................ 128
Table 5.2–2. 2002 HPMS VMT by area type and facility type for Maricopa County (annual
average daily traffic). ........................................................................................... 129
Table 5.3–1. Average daily speeds (mph) for the 2002 periodic emissions inventory. ............ 130
Table 5.4–1. Average daily VMT adjustment factors by month............................................... 131
Table 5.4–2. Average daily VMT during 2002 ozone season for the ozone nonattainment
area (July–September 2002)................................................................................. 132
Table 5.4–3. Average daily VMT during 2002 ozone season for Maricopa County (July–
September 2002). ................................................................................................. 132
Table 5.5–1. Daily VOC emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by vehicle class,
facility type and area type (peak ozone season day). ........................................... 139
Table 5.5–2. Daily VOC emissions in Maricopa County by vehicle class, facility type and
area type (peak ozone season day). ...................................................................... 143
Table 5.5–3. Daily VOC emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by vehicle class,
facility type and area type (annual average day).................................................. 147
Table 5.5–4. Daily VOC emissions in Maricopa County by vehicle class, facility type and
area type (annual average day)............................................................................. 151
Table 5.5–5. Daily NOx emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by vehicle class, facility
type and area type (peak ozone season day). ....................................................... 155
Table 5.5–6. Daily NOx emissions in Maricopa County by vehicle class, facility type and
area type (peak ozone season day). ...................................................................... 159
Table 5.5–7. Daily NOx emissions in the ozone nonattainment area by vehicle class, facility
type and area type (annual average day). ............................................................. 163
Table 5.5–8. Daily NOx emissions in Maricopa County by vehicle class, facility type and
area type (annual average day)............................................................................. 167
Table 5.5–9. Daily CO emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by vehicle class, facility
type and area type (peak ozone season day). ....................................................... 171
Table 5.5–10. Daily CO emissions in Maricopa County by vehicle class, facility type and
area type (peak ozone season day). ...................................................................... 175
Table 5.5–11. Daily CO emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by vehicle class, facility
type and area type (annual average day). ............................................................. 179
Table 5.5–12. Daily CO emissions in Maricopa County by vehicle class, facility type and
area type (annual average day)............................................................................. 183
Table 5.6–1. Daily VOC emissions (kg/day) in the ozone NAA by vehicle class, area type
and facility type (summer day). ........................................................................... 187
Table 5.6–2. Daily VOC emissions (kg/day) in Maricopa County by vehicle class, area type
and facility type (summer day). ........................................................................... 188
Table 5.6–3. Daily VOC emissions (kg/day) in the ozone NAA by vehicle class, area type
and facility type (annual average day). ................................................................ 189
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Table 5.6–4. Daily VOC emissions (kg/day) in Maricopa County by vehicle class, area type
and facility type (annual average day). ................................................................ 190
Table 5.6–5. Daily NOx emissions (kg/day) in the ozone NAA by vehicle class, area type
and facility type (summer day). ........................................................................... 191
Table 5.6–6. Daily NOx emissions (kg/day) in Maricopa County by vehicle class, area type
and facility type (summer day). ........................................................................... 192
Table 5.6–7. Daily NOx emissions (kg/day) in the ozone NAA by vehicle class, area type
and facility type (annual average day). ................................................................ 193
Table 5.6–8. Daily NOx emissions (kg/day) in Maricopa County by vehicle class, area type
and facility type (annual average day). ................................................................ 194
Table 5.6–9. Daily CO emissions (kg/day) in the ozone NAA by vehicle class, area type and
facility type (summer day). .................................................................................. 195
Table 5.6–10. Daily CO emissions (kg/day) in Maricopa County by vehicle class, area type
and facility type (summer day). ........................................................................... 196
Table 5.6–11. Daily CO emissions (kg/day) in the ozone NAA by vehicle class, area type and
facility type (annual average day). ....................................................................... 197
Table 5.6–12. Daily CO emissions (kg/day) in Maricopa County by vehicle class, area type
and facility type (annual average day). ................................................................ 198
Table 5.7–1. Comparison of daily emissions from onroad mobile sources and vehicle miles
traveled (VMT) in the ozone nonattainment area, 1990–2002. ........................... 199
Table 6.3–1. MAG 2000 land-use categories............................................................................ 203
Table 6.3–2. Land-use categories from BELD3 used in the emission inventory...................... 203
Table 6.4–1. VOC and NOx standardized emission factors, by land-use category (µg/m2·hr). 204
Table 6.4–2. Maricopa County crop statistics for 2002. ........................................................... 204
Table 6.4–3. Distribution of harvested cropland and total cropland......................................... 205
Table 6.5–1. Information for surface temperature monitoring sites. ........................................ 206
Table 6.6–1. Summary of biogenic source emissions (typical ozone season day). .................. 206
Table 6.6–2. Summary of biogenic source emissions (annual totals)....................................... 206
Table 6.7–1. Comparison of biogenic source ozone season day emissions.............................. 207

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Maricopa County, AZ

List of Figures
Figure 1.4–1. Map of Maricopa County and the CO, ozone, and PM10 nonattainment areas........ 2
Figure 1.6–1. Annual VOC emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by source category
(tons/yr). ................................................................................................................... 8
Figure 1.6–2. Annual NOx emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by source category
(tons/yr). ................................................................................................................... 8
Figure 1.6–3. Annual CO emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by source category
(tons/yr). ................................................................................................................... 9
Figure 1.6–4. Season-day VOC emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by source
category (lbs/day)..................................................................................................... 9
Figure 1.6–5. Season-day NOx emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by source
category (lbs/day)................................................................................................... 10
Figure 1.6–6. Season-day CO emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by source category
(lbs/day). ................................................................................................................ 10
Figure 1.6–7. Annual emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by source category
(tons/yr). ................................................................................................................. 11
Figure 1.6–8. Season-day emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by source category
(lbs/day). ................................................................................................................ 11
Figure 2.7–1. Data flow for annual point source emission inventory reporting........................... 41
Figure 6.2–1. Ozone nonattainment area, Maricopa County, and biogenic modeling domains
(northern and southern grid outlines)................................................................... 202

Appendices
Appendix 2.1 Instructions for Reporting 2002 Annual Air Pollution Emissions
Appendix 2.2 Sample Rule Effectiveness (RE) Survey Form
Appendix 3.1 2002 Maricopa County Agricultural Pesticide Application
Appendix 3.2 2002 Fire Department Survey Results
Appendix 5.1
Appendix 5.2
Appendix 5.3
Appendix 5.4
Appendix 5.5
Appendix 5.6
Appendix 5.7

Traffic Information
MOBILE6.2 Inputs, Outputs, and Spreadsheet
Vehicle Registration Data
Minimum and Maximum Temperature Calculations
VMT Reasonableness Calculations
FORTRAN Source Code for Emission Factor Weighting Program
Monthly Gasoline Data

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

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2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

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1.

Introduction

1.1

Overview

This 2002 periodic ozone emissions inventory was developed to meet requirements set forth in
Title I of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (CAAA). The CAAA requires development of
a baseline emission inventory and periodic revisions for areas that fail to meet the National
Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). A portion of Maricopa County is classified as serious
nonattainment for the one-hour ozone standard.
This inventory includes emission estimates for three ozone precursors: volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). VOC is defined by Maricopa County’s Rule 100 as “any organic compound, which participates in atmospheric photochemical reactions, except the non-precursor organic compounds”. The inventory provides
emission estimates from point, area, nonroad mobile, onroad mobile, and biogenic sources. Note
that totals shown in tables may not equal the sum of individual values due to independent
rounding.
1.2

Agencies responsible for the emissions inventory

Maricopa County Environmental Services Department (MCESD) has primary responsibility for
preparing and submitting the 2002 Periodic Ozone Emissions Inventory. MCESD prepared
emission estimates for point, area, and certain nonroad mobile sources (locomotives and aircraft). The remaining nonroad mobile emission estimates were developed by ENVIRON Corp.
(Environ et al., 2003), with additional work conducted by MCESD to develop estimates for the
nonattainment area and a typical season day. The Maricopa Association of Governments (MAG)
prepared the onroad mobile and biogenic emissions estimates. Table 1.2–1 lists those responsible for inventory preparation and quality assurance/quality control activities, which are
described in the respective chapters.
Table 1.2–1. Chapter authors and QA/QC contacts.
Chapter
Author(s)
Point Sources
Bob Downing
MCESD (602) 506-6790

Area Sources

Matt Poppen, Eric Raisanen and Dena
Konopka
MCESD (602) 506-6790

Nonroad Mobile
Sources

Matt Poppen and Eric Raisanen
MCESD (602) 506-6790

Onroad Mobile
Sources

Roger Roy
MAG (602) 254-6300

Biogenic Sources

Steve Ochs
MAG (602) 254-6300

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

1

QA/QC contact persons
Matt Poppen, Eric Raisanen and Dena Konopka
MCESD (602) 506-6790
Ruey-in Chiou and Scott DiBiase
MAG (602) 254-6300
Bob Downing
MCESD (602) 506-6790
Ruey-in Chiou and Scott DiBiase
MAG (602) 254-6300
Bob Downing and Dena Konopka
MCESD (602) 506-6790
Ruey-in Chiou and Scott DiBiase
MAG (602) 254-6300
Ruey-in Chiou
MAG (602) 254-6300
Bob Downing and Dena Konopka
MCESD (602) 506-6790
Ruey-in Chiou
MAG (602) 254-6300
Bob Downing and Dena Konopka
MCESD (602) 506-6790
Maricopa County, AZ

1.3

Temporal scope

Annual and ozone season-day emissions were estimated for the year 2002, for Maricopa County
and the Maricopa County ozone nonattainment area (NAA). The three-month peak ozone season
for the Maricopa County nonattainment area has been defined as July 1 through September 30
based on ozone exceedances that occurred from 1981 through 1991.

1.4

Geographic scope

This inventory includes emission estimates for Maricopa County and for the Maricopa County
ozone nonattainment area. Maricopa County encompasses approximately 9,223 square miles of
land area, while the Maricopa County ozone nonattainment area is approximately 1,946 square
miles, or approximately 21 percent of the Maricopa County land area. A map of Maricopa
County and the ozone nonattainment area is provided in Figure 1.4–1.
Figure 1.4–1. Map of Maricopa County and the CO, ozone, and PM10 nonattainment areas.

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

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Maricopa County, AZ

1.5

Overview of local demographic and land-use data

Many of the emissions estimates generated in this report were calculated using demographic and
land-use data provided by the Maricopa Association of Governments (MAG). These data were
used to apportion and/or scale Maricopa County emissions estimates to the nonattainment area
and vice versa. (For example, county-level emissions from residential natural gas usage in
Maricopa County was apportioned to the nonattainment area using the ratio of occupied
households in each area). Detailed explanations of how emission estimates were apportioned or
scaled are presented in each of the following chapters, along with the data sources used.

1.5.1

Demographic data

The demographic data provided by MAG included population, housing and employment data for
calendar year 2002, for Maricopa County and the nonattainment area. Table 1.5-1 provides an
overview of the demographic data used in this report.
Table 1.5–1. Demographic profile of Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area.
Maricopa
Within the
Percent within
Demographic variable
County
ozone NAA
the ozone NAA
Total resident population
3,296,250
3,232,387
98.06%
Total non-resident population
253,443
249,420
98.41%
Total population:
3,549,693
3,481,807
98.09%
Occupied resident housing units
Total non-resident households
Total occupied households:

1,215,173
146,664
1,361,837

1,192,680
144,419
1,337,099

98.15%
98.47%
98.18%

Retail employment
Office employment
Industrial employment
Public employment
Other employment
Total employment:

438,674
392,383
383,938
221,676
232,614
1,669,285

431,973
390,375
376,610
213,061
227,953
1,639,972

98.47%
99.49%
98.09%
96.11%
98.00%
98.24%

1.5.2

Land-use data

The most recent land-use data available from MAG was for the year 2000. The 2000 land-use
data was assumed to be representative of 2002. Table 1.5–2 presents a summary of the land-use
categories and acreage used to develop emission estimates for this inventory. Note that the landuse data used to model emissions from biogenic sources is different from the land-use data
discussed here. See Chapter 6 for a discussion of the biogenic land-use data.

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

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Maricopa County, AZ

Table 1.5–2. Land-use categories used to apportion emissions.
Acreage in
Acreage
Maricopa
within the
County
ozone NAA
Description
Active open space (e.g., parks)
127,792
90,038
Passive open space (e.g., mountain preserves)
2,057,048
40,846
General open space (not elsewhere classified)
849
782
Golf courses
22,922
22,231
Water
110,940
38,057
Agriculture
415,473
185,029
Vacant (e.g., developable land)
2,653,351
414,465

1.6

Emissions overview by source category

1.6.1

Point sources

Percent
within the
ozone NAA
70.46%
1.99%
92.16%
96.98%
34.30%
44.53%
15.62%

The point source category includes those stationary sources that emit a significant amount of
pollution into the air such as power plants, petroleum product storage and transfer facilities, and
large industrial facilities. As Maricopa County has an established annual reporting program for
sources with air quality permits, the thresholds for defining a point source are lower than the
minimums required by the US EPA. For the purposes of this inventory, a point source is a
stationary operation within Maricopa County or within 25 miles of the ozone nonattainment area,
which in 2002 emitted:
• 25 English (short) tons or more of carbon monoxide (CO); or
• 10 tons or more of volatile organic compounds (VOC), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), or sulfur
oxides (SOx); or
• 5 tons or more of particulate matter less than 10 microns (PM10) or ammonia compounds
(NHx).
Table 1.6–1 summarizes annual and season-day emissions of the chief point source categories.
A detailed breakdown of emissions calculations for all point sources is contained in Chapter 2.
Table 1.6–1. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from point sources in Maricopa County.
Annual emissions
Ozone season-day emissions
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Source category
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Electricity generation
69.07 2,783.19 1,058.25
495.6
20,778.6
7,231.3
Commercial/institutional
fuel combustion
6.99
103.90
45.63
62.0
877.3
273.9
Industrial fuel combustion
43.99
481.08
426.44
335.3
3,322.8
2,773.6
Food/agriculture
98.76
674.7
Industrial processes
35.21
60.74
82.07
211.3
342.0
565.5
Manufacturing processes
1,013.62
65.13
146.12
7,225.9
464.8
928.3
Petroleum product storage
19.74
126.4
Petroleum product
transportation/marketing
550.34
2,948.7
Waste disposal
40.79
27.51
64.40
236.4
152.8
357.8
Health services
17.94
98.6
Solvent use
367.47
2,541.0
Surface coating
1,831.86
15,771.8
All point sources:
4,095.77 3,521.55 1,822.90
30,727.8
25,938.4
12,130.3

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

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Maricopa County, AZ

Table 1.6–2. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from point sources in the ozone NAA.
Annual emissions
Ozone season-day emissions
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Source category
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Electricity generation
53.50 2,560.30
894.61
412.9
19,595.3
6,379.1
Commercial/institutional
fuel combustion
6.99
103.90
45.63
62.0
877.3
273.9
Industrial fuel combustion
39.05
387.15
401.93
304.7
2,770.6
2,630.9
Food/agriculture
98.76
674.7
Industrial processes
22.82
60.74
82.07
146.7
342.0
565.5
Manufacturing processes
925.90
52.24
135.99
6,551.1
365.6
850.4
Petroleum product storage
13.21
86.5
Petroleum product
transportation/marketing
550.34
2,948.7
Waste disposal
27.64
26.24
56.41
164.1
145.8
313.9
Health services
17.94
98.6
Solvent use
361.14
2,504.9
Surface coating
1,752.52
15,171.1
All point sources:
3,869.81 3,190.56 1,616.64
29,126.1
24,096.6
11,013.6

1.6.2

Area sources

Area sources are facilities or activities whose individual emissions do not qualify them as point
sources. Area sources represent numerous facilities or activities that individually release small
amounts of a given pollutant, but collectively they can release significant amounts of a pollutant.
Stationary sources with annual emissions lower than the point source thresholds described in
Section 1.6.1 were included in the area source inventory. Examples of area source categories
include residential wood burning, commercial cooking, waste incineration and wildfires.
Tables 1.6–3 and 1.6–4 summarize annual and season-day emissions of the chief area source
categories, for Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area, respectively. A detailed
breakdown of emissions calculations for each area source category is contained in Chapter 3.
Table 1.6–3. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from area sources in Maricopa County.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Source category
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
Fuel combustion
3,211.00
4,560.90
4,817.71
1,351.4
20,625.8
7,445.5
Industrial processes
930.91
589.86
412.98
6,501.7
3,919.7
2,436.7
Solvent use
31,817.28
210,530.0
Storage/transport
2,187.56
12,577.5
Waste treatment/disposal
655.70
67.36
616.30
4,966.7
430.0
3,293.9
Miscellaneous area sources
209.46
95.36
2,976.99
80,048.8
36,594.5 1,693,053.6
All area sources:
39,011.90
5,313.47
8,823.98 315,976.1
61,570.0 1,706,229.7

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

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Maricopa County, AZ

Table 1.6–4. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from area sources in the ozone NAA.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Source category
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Fuel combustion
3,152.71
4,480.24
4,730.96
1,327.4
20,259.1
7,314.1
Industrial processes
915.75
589.52
407.76
6,393.8
3,917.8
2,408.0
Solvent use
30,873.65
202,023.5
Storage/transport
2,110.96
12,139.6
Waste treatment/disposal
596.19
45.87
159.71
4,616.9
314.2
834.6
Miscellaneous area sources
68.76
30.82
243.43
372.0
274.9
1,341.4
All area sources:
37,718.02
5,146.47
5,541.86 226,873.2
24,766.1
11,898.0

1.6.3

Nonroad mobile sources

Nonroad mobile sources include off-highway vehicles and engines that move or are moved
within a 12-month period. Tables 1.6–5 and 1.6–6 summarize annual and season-day emissions
from nonroad mobile sources, for Maricopa County and the ozone NAA, respectively. A detailed
breakdown of emissions calculations for each source category is contained in Chapter 4.
Table 1.6–5. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from nonroad mobile sources in Maricopa
County.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Source category
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Agricultural
70.60
477.46
632.96
621.8
4,147.2
5,839.5
Airport ground support
139.57
147.09
3,471.09
766.9
808.1
19,071.9
Commercial
1,758.91
1,319.44 45,797.55
12,446.4
7,799.2
340,043.7
Construction & mining
1,786.47
9,834.69 15,584.58
15,336.6
83,115.7
143,428.8
Industrial
361.99
3,174.80 15,135.47
2,457.9
20,062.1
104,078.3
Lawn & garden
4,523.18
695.48 77,273.13
46,424.7
5,607.4
851,032.3
Logging
20.94
38.74
136.54
136.4
247.0
991.6
Pleasure craft
600.20
43.01
1,423.91
15,428.5
1,001.7
39,125.6
Railway maintenance
5.10
20.35
61.28
36.5
140.2
473.6
Recreational
885.25
63.35
9,788.20
11,451.8
656.1
137,421.0
Aircraft
1,924.48
4,187.59 10,097.03
10,574.1
23,008.7
55,478.2
Locomotives
136.88
3,444.32
344.35
750.0
18,873.0
1,886.8
All nonroad mobile sources: 12,213.57 23,446.32 179,746.09 116,431.6 165,466.4 1,698,871.3

Table 1.6–6. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from nonroad mobile sources in the ozone NAA.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Source category
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Agricultural
31.43
212.61
281.86
276.9
1,846.8
2,600.3
Airport ground support
136.08
143.42
3,384.31
747.7
787.9
18,595.1
Commercial
1,725.31
1,294.24
44,922.82
12,208.7
7,650.3
333,548.9
Construction & mining
1,752.35
9,646.84
15,286.91
15,043.6
81,528.2
140,689.3
Industrial
355.07
3,114.16
14,846.36
2,411.0
19,678.9
102,090.4
Lawn & garden
4,440.86
682.82
75,866.76
45,579.7
5,505.3
835,543.5
Logging
20.53
38.01
133.94
133.8
242.3
972.7
Pleasure craft
205.88
14.75
488.40
5,292.0
343.7
13,420.1
Railway maintenance
5.01
19.96
60.11
35.8
137.6
464.5
Recreational
89.32
6.40
987.63
1,155.4
66.1
13,865.9
Aircraft
1,920.37
4,186.89
9,888.43
10,551.5
23,004.9
54,332.0
Locomotives
68.43
1,593.04
160.78
374.9
8,729.0
881.0
All nonroad mobile sources: 10,750.64 20,953.14 166,308.31
93,811.0 149,521.0 1,517,003.7
2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

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Maricopa County, AZ

1.6.4

Onroad mobile sources

Emission from onroad mobile sources were calculated for the ozone nonattainment area located
primarily within Maricopa County, as well as for Maricopa County as a whole. A detailed
breakdown of emissions calculations by vehicle class and roadway type is contained in Chapter
5.
Table 1.6–7 summarizes annual and season-day emissions from onroad mobile sources in both
Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area.
Table 1.6–7. Annual and season-day emissions from onroad mobile sources in the ozone NAA.
Annual emissions (tons/yr) Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
County
31,960 79,572 352,821 180,380 437,741 2,023,444
Ozone NAA
29,402 72,691 322,867 165,922 399,742 1,850,382

1.6.5

Biogenic sources

The biogenic source category includes emissions from all vegetation (e.g., crops, indigenous
vegetation, landscaping, etc.) in Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area. Emissions
were estimated through MAG-BEIS2, a local computer model developed by the Maricopa
Association of Governments (MAG) that is based on the US EPA model UAM-BEIS2, but
which uses county-specific land-use and temperature data. Annual and season-day VOC and
NOx emissions from biogenic sources are shown in Table 1.6–8 for Maricopa County and the
ozone nonattainment area.
Table 1.6–8. Annual and season-day emissions from biogenic sources in the ozone NAA.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
VOC
NOx
County
24,152
8,327
309,511
71,648
Ozone NAA
7,223
1,604
92,015
13,870

1.6.6

Summary of emissions by source category

Figures 1.6–1 through 1.6–6 provide a graphical overview of the relative contributions of the
major source categories (point, area, nonroad, onroad and biogenic) to emissions in the ozone
nonattainment area, on an annual and season-day basis, respectively.

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

7

Maricopa County, AZ

Figure 1.6–1. Annual VOC emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by source category (tons/yr).

Points:
3,869.8
(4%)

Biogenic:
7,223.0
(8%)

Onroad:
29,402.0
(33%)

Area:
37,718.0
(43%)

Nonroad:
10,750.6
(12%)

Figure 1.6–2. Annual NOx emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by source category (tons/yr).

Biogenic:
1,604.0
(2%)

Points:
3,190.6
(3%)

Area:
5,146.5
(5%)

Nonroad:
20,953.1
(20%)

Onroad:
72,691.0
(70%)

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

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Maricopa County, AZ

Figure 1.6–3. Annual CO emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by source category (tons/yr).

Area:
5,541.9
(1%)

Points:
1,616.6
(< 1%)

Nonroad:
166,308.3
(34%)
Onroad:
322,867.0
(65%)

Figure 1.6–4. Season-day VOC emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by source category (lbs/day).

Points:
29,126
(5%)
Biogenic:
92,015 (15%)

Area: 226,873
(38%)
Onroad:
165,922
(27%)

Nonroad:
93,811
(15%)

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

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Maricopa County, AZ

Figure 1.6–5. Season-day NOx emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by source category (lbs/day).

Points:
24,097
(4%)

Biogenic:
13,870
(2%)

Area:
24,766
(4%)

Nonroad:
149,521
(24%)

Onroad:
399,742
(66%)

Figure 1.6–6. Season-day CO emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by source category (lbs/day).

Points: 11,014
(< 1%)

Nonroad:
1,517,004
(45%)

Onroad:
1,850,382
(54%)

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

Area:
11,898
(< 1%)

10

Maricopa County, AZ

Figures 1.6–7 and 1.6–8 show the relative contributions of each source category for each
pollutant on an annual and season-day basis, respectively.
Figure 1.6–7. Annual emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by source category (tons/yr).

Area

Nonroad

Onroad

Biogenic

VOC

5,542

1,617

72,691
1,604

20,953

5,146

3,191

29,402

7,223

10,751

37,718

3,870

166,308

322,867

Points

NOx

CO

Figure 1.6–8. Season-day emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by source category (lbs/day).

Nonroad

Onroad

Biogenic

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

NOx

11

11,898

11,014

13,870

399,742

149,521

24,766

24,097

92,015

165,922

93,811

226,873

29,126

VOC

1,850,382

Area

1,517,004

Points

CO

Maricopa County, AZ

Tables 1.6–9 through 1.6–14 provide comparisons (by individual pollutant) between this
emissions inventory and earlier inventories covering the ozone nonattainment area. Note that
figures may not be directly comparable as calculation methods, emission factors, and source
category definitions (e.g., point vs. area sources) may have changed over time.

Table 1.6–9. Summary of annual VOC emissions by source category, 1990–2002 (tons/yr).
Inventory year
Source category
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
Points
7,930
7,699
5,866
5,949
3,870
Area
35,728
36,447
39,550
31,813
37,718
Nonroad mobile
17,923
17,377
38,945
28,605
10,751
Onroad mobile*
n/c
n/c
n/c
n/c
29,402
Biogenic*
n/c
n/c
n/c
n/c
7,223
52,339**
Totals:
61,581
61,523
84,361
66,367
* Prior-year inventories did not include annual totals of onroad mobile or biogenic emissions.
** Not including onroad mobile and biogenic sources, to allow more direct comparison to prior inventories.

Table 1.6–10. Summary of annual NOx emissions by source category, 1990–2002 (tons/yr).
Inventory year
Source category
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
Points
5,954
4,721
3,319
5,474
3,191
Area
3,708
3,779
4,589
7,725
5,146
Nonroad mobile
29,082
28,619
13,908
33,942
20,953
Onroad mobile*
n/c
n/c
n/c
n/c
72,691
Biogenic*
n/c
n/c
n/c
n/c
1,604
29,289**
Totals:
38,744
37,119
21,816
47,141
* Prior-year inventories did not include annual totals of onroad mobile or biogenic emissions.
** Not including onroad mobile and biogenic sources, to allow more direct comparison to prior inventories.

Table 1.6–11. Summary of annual CO emissions by source category, 1990–2002 (tons/yr).
Inventory year
Source category
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
Points
1,493
1,140
736
1,789
1,617
Area
2,237
2,335
1,678
5,867
5,542
Nonroad mobile
167,303
162,021
181,912 195,042
166,308
Onroad mobile*
n/c
n/c
n/c
n/c
322,867
Biogenic*
n/c
n/c
n/c
n/c
n/c
Totals:
171,033
165,496
184,326 202,698
173,467 **
* Prior-year inventories did not include annual totals of onroad mobile or biogenic emissions.
** Not including onroad mobile and biogenic sources, to allow more direct comparison to prior inventories.

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

12

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 1.6–12. Summary of VOC season-day emissions by source category, 1990–2002 (lbs/day).
Inventory year
Source category
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
Points
56,320
51,260
47,140
43,920
29,126
Area
246,000
220,000
217,800
182,020
226,873
Nonroad mobile
127,400
124,200
132,600
169,720
93,811
Onroad mobile
300,218
239,186
190,283
180,890
165,922
Biogenic
82,000
104,000
104,200
97,340
92,015
Totals:
811,940
737,460
691,940
673,880
607,747

Table 1.6–13. Summary of NOx season-day emissions by source category, 1990–2002 (lbs/day).
Inventory year
Source category
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
Points
156,080
155,560
88,880
42,120
24,097
Area
16,000
19,600
23,000
45,260
24,766
Nonroad mobile
187,400
185,200
64,000
183,700
149,521
Onroad mobile
286,243
288,992
285,692
294,299
399,742
Biogenic
n/c
n/c
23,200
20,040
13,870
Totals:
645,720
648,360
484,680
585,400
611,996

Table 1.6–14. Summary of CO season-day emissions by source category, 1990–2002 (lbs/day).
Inventory year
Source category
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
Points
30,420
28,380
17,760
13,100
11,014
Area
8,560
9,000
9,200
92,840
11,898
Nonroad mobile
1,146,400 1,316,000 1,243,200 1,135,520 1,517,004
Onroad mobile
2,005,220 1,708,688 1,243,095 1,268,227 1,850,382
Biogenic
n/c
n/c
n/c
n/c
n/c
Totals:
3,190,600 3,059,380 2,513,160 2,509,680
3,390,98

1.7

References

ENVIRON et al., 2003. Maricopa County 2002 Comprehensive Emission Inventory for the Cap
and Trade Oversight Committee, Final Rep. prepared for Arizona Dept. of Environmental
Quality, October 9, 2003.

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

13

Maricopa County, AZ

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

14

Maricopa County, AZ

2.

Point Sources

2.1

Introduction and scope

This inventory of ozone precursors (VOC, NOx, and CO) is one of a number of emission inventory reports being prepared to meet U.S. EPA reporting requirements. In addition to preparing
periodic emissions inventories for the ozone nonattainment area (NAA) as a commitment under
the current ozone State Implementation Plan (SIP), the federal Consolidated Emission Reporting
Rule (CERR) requires that state and local agencies prepare emissions estimates on a county
basis, and submit data electronically to the U.S. EPA for inclusion in the National Emission
Inventory (NEI) for 2002. This inventory is being developed concurrently with similar inventories for CO and for PM (including PM10, PM2.5, NOx, SOx, and NH3), as part of Maricopa
County's requirements under the respective SIPs.
In order to provide consistency among all these inventories, it was decided to standardize the
definition of a “point source”. While EPA has defined minimum point source reporting
thresholds for various pollutants, EPA guidance also notes that:
… we encourage organizations to provide facility-specific emissions data for all point sources, regardless of size, where they are
already included in the S/L/T [state/local/tribal] emission inventory. (US EPA, 2003a)
As Maricopa County has an established annual reporting program for sources with air quality
permits, the thresholds for defining a point source are lower than the minimums required by
EPA. For the purposes of this inventory, a point source is a stationary operation within Maricopa
County or within 25 miles of the ozone nonattainment area, which in 2002 emitted:
• 25 English (short) tons or more of carbon monoxide (CO); or
• 10 tons or more of volatile organic compounds (VOC), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), or
sulfur oxides (SOx); or
• 5 tons or more of particulate matter less than 10 microns (PM10) or ammonia compounds
(NHx).
While the above approach results in some anomalies (e.g., a facility treated as a point source may
have very low, or no, emissions of a certain pollutant), a uniform definition of “point source”
ensures that all data sets, which are prepared for a variety of purposes, will be comparable.
This point source inventory includes actual emissions for the year 2002 and a typical day during
the ozone season (defined as July through September). A description and map of the nonattainment area are provided in Chapter 1. Questions concerning point source emissions may be
directed to Bob Downing of MCESD at (602) 506-6790.
Several tables have been constructed to provide the point source emissions and category totals.
Table 2.2–1 summarizes all point sources by location and permitting authority. Table 2.2–2
provides an alphabetical list of all point sources and their location, while Table 2.3–1 summarizes the results of the rule effectiveness study conducted for individual industrial processes.
Table 2.4–1 shows the 2002 annual and average ozone season-day emissions of VOC, NOx and
2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

15

Maricopa County, AZ

CO for those point sources which reported emissions of any of these pollutants broken out by
facility, while Table 2.4–2 lists the 2002 annual and ozone season-day emissions broken out by
individual process types. Table 2.6–1 summarizes point source emissions by source category.
Note that totals shown in the tables may not equal the sum of individual values due to
independent rounding.

2.2

Identification of point sources

Maricopa County Environmental Services Department (MCESD) identified point sources within
Maricopa County through its permit system database and the 2002 annual emissions reports
submitted to the department. In addition, the permit system was reviewed to locate new facilities
that were not included in the previous emission inventory, and to identify sources that have
ceased operations since the 1999 periodic inventory was compiled.
A total of 172 point sources were identified using the emission thresholds described in Section
2.1. (To ensure consistency in calculation methodologies, 13 retail gasoline stations which met
the point source emission thresholds described above, are instead treated as part of the area
source category “vehicle refueling” in Chapter 3.) Of the 172 stationary point sources, 165
MCESD-permitted sources reported emissions of VOC, NOx and/or CO – 149 within the ozone
nonattainment area, and 16 outside the ozone NAA. There are 2 additional point sources (Hexcel Corp. and SRP Desert Basin Generating Station) within the 25-mile boundary around the
ozone nonattainment area, with permits issued by the Pinal County Air Quality Control District
(PCAQCD). While the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ) retains permitting authority for a limited number of industrial source categories in Maricopa County, no
ADEQ-permitted facilities are considered stationary point sources, and are addressed instead as
area sources.
Table 2.2–1. Number of point sources by location and permitting authority.
Total no. of Facilities reporting emissions
Location
facilities
of ozone precursors
Within the ozone nonattainment area:
– Maricopa County-permitted sites
153
149
Outside the ozone nonattainment area:
– Maricopa County-permitted sites
17
16
– Pinal County-permitted sites
2
2
Total outside NAA:
19
18
Grand total:
172
167

Table 2.2–2 contains an alphabetical list of all point sources, including a unique business identification number, NAICS industry classification code, business name (including any changes
from the 1999 periodic inventory), and physical address.

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

16

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 2.2–2. Name and location of all point sources.
Within the ozone nonattainment area:
ID # NAICS Business name
1074 22132 23rd Ave. Wastewater Treatment Plant
(formerly City of Phoenix 23rd Ave. WWTP)
1075 22132 91st Ave. Wastewater Treatment Plant
245 337122 A. F. Lorts Company Inc.
1952 811121 Adesa Phoenix LLC
1239 332321 AG Products
35541 33121 Allied Tube & Conduit Corp.
199 327332 Ameron Intl. Water Transmission Group
(formerly Ameron Pipe)
292 325412 Anabolic Laboratories Inc.
(formerly Health Factors International Inc.)
3313 221112 APS West Phoenix Power Plant
3938 332812 Arizona Galvanizing Inc.
4364 61131 Arizona State University
36485 54185 Billboard Poster Company Inc.
43124 313230 Bonded Logic Inc.
3441 42471 BP West Coast Products LLC
458 32191 Bryant Industries Inc.
217 327123 Building Products Co.
3442 493190 Caljet (formerly Caljet/Williams)
60598 337211 Case Furniture & Design LLC
1317 321991 Cavco Industries LLC (35th Ave.)
1318 321991 Cavco Industries LLC (Litchfield Rd.)
1316 321991 Cavco Industries LLC (Durango Plant)
4145 61111 Cave Creek School District
1267 32732 Cemex Mesa Plants #61 & #71
1266 212321 Cemex USA (Phoenix)
1268 212321 Cemex USA (Sun City)
1310 32311 Century Graphics LLC
1426 32311 Cesar Color Inc.
4401 32732 Chandler Ready Mix Inc.
51073 52312 Charles Schwab & Co. Inc.
3297 42471 Chevron USA Inc.
3976 33711 Cholla Custom Cabinets Inc.
4083 32191 Chris Fischer Productions Inc.
399 32739 Coreslab Structures (Ariz) Inc.
1198 32311 Courier Graphics Corp.
4368 32191 Craftsmen in Wood Mfg.
4023 321918 Creative Shutters Inc.
3744 325991 Desert Sun Fiberglass
130 331512 Dolphin Inc.
508 337122 Eagle Industries LLC
(formerly Samuel Lawrence Furniture Co.)
45493 811121 Earnhardt Ford
3305 311812 Earthgrains Baking Companies Inc.
26 423810 Empire Machinery Co.
1505 32191 Executive Door
544 321991 Fleetwood Homes of Arizona Inc. #21
27728 334413 FlipChip International LLC
(formerly Flip Chip Technologies)
41751 326212 GCR Truck Tire Center

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

17

Address
2470 S. 22nd Ave.

City
Phoenix

ZIP
85009

5615 S. 91st Ave.
8120 W. Harrison St.
400 N. Beck Ave.
2525 W. Broadway Rd.
2525 N. 27th Ave.
2325 S. 7th St.

Tolleson
Tolleson
Chandler
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix

85353
85353
85226
85041
85009
85034

429 S. Siesta Ln.

Tempe

85281

4606 W. Hadley St.
15775 Elwood St.
1551 S. Rural Rd.
3940 W. Montecito Ave.
411 E. Ray Rd.
5333 W. Van Buren St.
788 W. Illini St.
4850 W. Buckeye Rd
125 N. 53rd Ave.
4645 W. Polk St.
2602 S. 35th Ave.
1366 S. Litchfield Rd.
2502 W. Durango St.
33606 N. 60th St.
1901 N. Alma School Rd.
11701 W. Indian School
24004 N. 107th Ave.
2960 Grand Ave.
3433 E. Wood St.
6500 N. 115th Ave.
2121 S. Price Rd.
5110 W. Madison St.
1727 E. Deer Valley Dr.
4741 W. Polk St.
5026 S. 43rd Ave.
2621 S. 37th St.
5441 W. Hadley St.
2009 W. Ironwood Dr.
21412 N. 14th Ave.
740 S. 59th Ave.
601 S. 65th Ave.

Phoenix
Goodyear
Tempe
Phoenix
Chandler
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Goodyear
Phoenix
Cave Creek
Mesa
Phoenix
Sun City
Phoenix
Phoenix
Glendale
Chandler
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix

85043
85338
85287
85019
85225
85043
85041
85043
85043
85043
85009
85338
85009
85331
85201
85063
85373
85017
85040
85323
85248
85043
85024
85043
85041
85034
85043
85021
85027
85043
85043

7300 W. Orchid Ln.
738 W. Van Buren St.
1725 S. Country Club Dr.
3939 W. Clarendon Ave.
6112 N. 56th Ave.
3701 E. University Dr.

Chandler
Phoenix
Mesa
Phoenix
Glendale
Phoenix

85226
85007
85210
85019
85311
85034

2815 N. 32nd Ave.

Phoenix

85009

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 2.2–2. Name and location of all point sources (continued).
ID # NAICS Business name
Address
4050 311812 General Mills (formerly Pillsbury Bakeries & 1120 W. Fairmont Dr.
Food Service)
4173 562212 Glendale Municipal Sanitary Landfill
11480 W. Glendale Ave.
781 62211 Good Samaritan Regional Medical Center
1111 E. McDowell Rd.
1418 326299 Goodrich Aircraft Interior Products (formerly 3414 S. 5th St.
BF Goodrich Aircraft Evacuation Sys.)
36772 212321 GTI Capital Holdings LLC
3636 S. 43rd Ave.
699 212321 Hanson Aggregates of Arizona
4002 S. 51st Ave.
31565 32614 Henry Products Inc.
302 S. 23rd Ave.
529 32614 Highland Products Inc.
43 N. 48th Ave.
4543 32311 Hogue Printing Inc.
159 W. 1st Ave.
3536 311812 Holsum Bakery Inc.
2322 W. Lincoln St.
3802 311812 Holsum Bakery Tempe
710 W. Geneva Dr.
1059 336412 Honeywell Engines Systems & Service
1944 E. Sky Harbor Cir.
(formerly Honeywell Aerospace Services)
355 336412 Honeywell International Inc.
111 S. 34th St.
354 331314 Imsamet of Arizona
3829 S. Estrella Pkwy.
777 32614 Insulfoam
3401 W. Cocopah St.
3966 334413 Intel Corp. Ocotillo Campus (Fab 12 & 22)
4500 S. Dobson Rd.
(formerly Intel Corp. Ocotillo Campus Fab 12)
983 334419 Isola Laminate Systems Corp.
165 S. Price Rd.
3317 221112 Kyrene Generating Station
7005 S. Kyrene Rd.
(formerly SRP Kyrene Steam Plant)
341 325991 L & M Laminates & Marble
813 E. University Dr.
4182 337122 Legends Furniture Inc.
5555 N. 51st Ave.
857 334412 Litton Electro-Optical Systems
1215 S. 52nd St.
3300 92811 Luke Air Force Base
14002 W. Marauder St.
744
3325 M. E. Global Inc.
5857 S. Kyrene Rd.
(formerly M. E. West Castings Inc.)
1248 325991 Maax Spas
25605 S. Arizona Ave.
31261 21231 Madison Granite Supplies
30600 N. 23rd Ave.
4111 337121 Magic Woods Inc.
4210 N. 39th Ave.
205 322232 Mail-Well Envelope
221 N. 48th Ave.
353 326199 Marlam Industries Inc.
834 E. Hammond Ln.
61268 327390 Master Block Inc.
12620 W. Butler Dr.
62 33711 Mastercraft Cabinets Inc.
305 S. Brooks
3326 352991 Mesa Fully Formed Inc.
1111 S. Sirrine St.
1414 212321 Mesa Materials Inc. (Mesa)
3410 N. Higley Rd.
1415 212321 Mesa Materials Inc. (Phoenix)
7845 W. Broadway Rd.
29474 423930 Metal Management Arizona Inc.
3640 S. 35th Ave.
1203 334413 Microchip Technology Inc. (Chandler)
2355 W. Chandler Blvd.
1875 334413 Microchip Technology Inc. (Tempe)
1200 S. 52nd St.
226 32739 Monier Lifetile LLC
1832 S. 51st Ave.
882 311942 Morton Salt Glendale Facility
13000 W. Glendale Ave.
881 334413 Motorola Inc.
1300 N. Alma School Rd.
223 333112 MTD Southwest Inc.
550 N. 54th St.
693 333415 Munters Corp.
802 S. 59th Ave.
34197 327420 National Gypsum Co.
1414 E. Hadley St.
948 32614 Nesco Manufacturing Inc.
1510 W. Drake Dr.
1309 337122 New Directions Inc.
2940 W. Willetta St.
1331 337122 Oak Canyon Manufacturing Inc.
3021 N. 29th Dr.
(formerly Aspen II)
3953 33711 Oakcraft Inc.
7733 W. Olive Ave.
27925 337122 Oasis Bedroom Co.
2022 N. 22nd Ave.

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

18

City
Tempe

ZIP
85282

Glendale
Phoenix
Phoenix

85301
85006
85040

Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Mesa
Phoenix
Tempe
Phoenix

85009
85043
85009
85043
85210
85009
85252
85034

Phoenix
Goodyear
Phoenix
Chandler

85034
85338
85009
85248

Chandler
Tempe

85224
85283

Phoenix
Glendale
Tempe
Glendale
Tempe

85034
85301
85281
85309
85283

Chandler
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
El Mirage
Mesa
Mesa
Mesa
Phoenix
Phoenix
Chandler
Tempe
Phoenix
Glendale
Chandler
Chandler
Phoenix
Phoenix
Tempe
Phoenix
Phoenix

85248
85027
85019
85043
85034
85335
85202
85210
85205
85043
85009
85224
85281
85043
85307
85224
85226
85043
85034
85283
85009
85017

Peoria
Phoenix

85345
85009

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 2.2–2. Name and location of all point sources (continued).
ID # NAICS Business name
Address
52382 221112 Ocotillo Power Plant
1500 E. University Dr.
3982 32311 O'Neil Printing Inc.
366 N. 2nd Ave.
3970 337122 Pacific Designs
2425 W. Sherman St.
1344 321991 Palm Harbor Homes Inc.
309 S. Perry Ln.
733 811412 Pan-Glo West
2401 W. Sherman St.
419 336412 Parker Hannifin GTFSD
7777 N. Glen Harbor Bd.
1341 33992 Penn Racquet Sports Inc.
306 S. 45th Ave.
1014 327121 Phoenix Brick Yard
1814 S. 7th Ave.
562 51111 Phoenix Newspapers Inc.
22600 N. 19th Ave.
148 331528 Presto Casting Co.
5440 W. Missouri Ave.
60889 326212 Purcell’s Western States Tire
420 S. 35th Ave.
1030 32311 Quebecor World Phoenix Division
1850 E. Watkins St.
537 327999 Red Mountain Mining Inc.
4250 N. Bush Hwy.
1503 321991 Redman Homes Inc.
400 E. Ray Rd.
303 332431 Rexam Beverage Can Company
211 N. 51st Ave.
4318 32732 River Ranch Plant
5159 N. El Mirage Rd.
759 32613 Rogers Corp. Advanced Circuit Materials
100 S. Roosevelt Ave.
1437 334412 Sanmina Phoenix Division (formerly
5020 S. 36th St.
Hadco Phoenix Inc./Sanmina Phx. Div.)
3315 221112 Santan Generating Station
1005 S. Val Vista Rd.
(formerly Santan Generating Plant)
266 332312 Schuff Steel Co.
420 S. 19th Ave.
42636 62211 Scottsdale Health Care Hospital
7400 E. Osborn Rd.
4175 493190 SFPP LP
49 N. 53rd Ave.
70634 42471 Shell Oil Phoenix Terminal
5325 W. Van Buren St.
(formerly Texaco Phoenix Terminal)
27933 562212 Skunk Creek Landfill
3165 W. Happy Valley Rd
4471 332311 Skyline Steel Inc.
631 W. Commerce Ave.
31627 115111 South Mountain Gin
6411 S. 51st Ave.
3316 221112 SRP Agua Fria
7302 W. Northern Ave.
4131 334413 ST Microelectronics
1000 E. Bell Rd.
1444 327123 Staco Architectural Roof Tile
3530 E. Elwood St.
582 337122 Stone Creek Inc.
4221 E. Raymond St.
281 212321 Sun State Rock & Materials
11500 W. Beardsley Rd.
101 31161 Sunland Beef Co.
651 S. 91st Ave.
52471 325188 Superior Lime & Chemical
320 S. 27th Ave.
3978 337122 Team Two Design Assoc. Inc.
310 S. 43rd Ave.
249 336411 The Boeing Company
5000 E. McDowell Rd.
937 336211 The Heil Company
1500 S. 7th St.
232 72111 The Phoenician Resort
6000 E. Camelback Rd.
1102 325412 The Procter & Gamble Mfg. Co.
2050 S. 35th Ave.
552 337122 Thornwood Furniture Mfg.
5125 E. Madison St.
363 337122 Thunderbird Furniture
7501 E. Redfield Rd.
56 32739 TPAC Division of Kiewit Western Co.
3052 S. 19th Ave.
1210 337122 Trendwood Inc. (15th Ave.)
2402 S. 15th Ave.
1211 337122 Trendwood Inc. (University Dr.)
261 E. University Dr.
819 336399 TRW Vehicle Safety Systems Inc.
11202 E. Germann Rd.
169 811111 U Haul Intl. Technical Center
11298 S. Priest Dr.
1228 325991 Ultra Installations Inc.
245 S. Mulberry
234 311514 United Dairymen of Arizona
2008 S. Hardy Dr.
260 212321 United Metro Plant #11
3640 S. 19th Ave.
213 212321 United Metro Plant #12
11920 W. Glendale Ave.
403 331316 VAW of America
249 S. 51st Ave.
2 32412 Vulcan Materials Co. (El Mirage)
14521 N. 115th Ave.
90 32732 Vulcan Materials Co. (Phoenix)
4830 S. 43rd Ave.
2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

19

City
Tempe
Phoenix
Phoenix
Tempe
Phoenix
Glendale
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Glendale
Phoenix
Phoenix
Mesa
Chandler
Phoenix
Litchfield Pk
Chandler
Phoenix

ZIP
85281
85003
85043
85281
85009
85307
85043
85007
85027
85301
85009
85034
85215
85225
85043
85340
85226
85040

Gilbert

85296

Phoenix
Scottsdale
Phoenix
Phoenix

85009
85251
85043
85043

Phoenix
Gilbert
Laveen
Glendale
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Sun City
Tolleson
Phoenix
Phoenix
Mesa
Phoenix
Scottsdale
Phoenix
Phoenix
Scottsdale
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Queen Creek
Tempe
Mesa
Tempe
Phoenix
Glendale
Phoenix
El Mirage
Phoenix

85027
85233
85339
85303
85022
85040
85040
85373
85353
85009
85009
85215
85034
85251
85009
85034
85260
85009
85007
85004
85242
85284
85202
85282
85009
85307
85043
85335
85041

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 2.2–2. Name and location of all point sources (continued).
ID # NAICS Business name
Address
174 325998 W. R. Meadows of Arizona Inc.
2636 S. Sarival Ave.
141 424910 Western Organics Inc.
2807 S. 27th Ave.
4384 321918 Western Shutter LLC
4038 E. Madison St.
2703 42471 Western States Petroleum
450 S. 15th Ave.
20706 32614 Wincup Holdings Inc.
7980 W. Buckeye Rd.
1382 33711 Woodcase Fine Cabinetry Inc.
3255 W. Osborn Rd.
(formerly McCarthy Cabinet Co.)
72 337122 Woodstuff Manufacturing Inc.
1635 S. 43rd Ave.
The following point sources are outside the ozone nonattainment area:
ID # NAICS Business name
Address
31606 115111 Acme Gin Co. Inc.
7401 S. Wilson Rd.
1874 212321 Alleco Stone LLC
10401 S. Miller Rd.
31643 562212 Allied Waste Industries Inc. Southwest
24427 S. Hwy 85
Regional Facility
31637 115111 Anderson Clayton Corp. Valencia Gin
25500 W. Southern Ave.
1218 562212 Butterfield Station
40404 S. 99th Ave.
1389 541380 DaimlerChrysler AZ Proving Grounds
33040 N. 203rd Ave.
43063 221112 Duke Energy Arlington Valley LLC
39027 W. Elliot Rd.
1488 115111 Farmers Gin Inc.
8400 S. Turner St.
10211
Hexcel Corp. †
1214 W. Gila Bend Hwy.
725 212321 Kilauea Crushers Inc.
Hwy 74
1879 562212 Northwest Regional Landfill
19401 W. Deer Valley Rd
98 221113 Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station
5801 S. Wintersburg Rd.
428 115111 Paloma Gin Properties LLC
I-8
289 115111 Phoenix Agro Invest Inc.
51040 W. Valley Rd.
42956 221112 Pinnacle West Energy Corp.
11600 S. 363rd Ave.
44182 332312 Quincy Joist Company
22253 W. Southern Ave.
246 321991 Schult Homes
231 N. Apache Rd.
10469 221112 SRP Desert Basin Generating Station †
1872 N. Burris Rd.
398 212321 Wickenburg Facility
44605 Grand Ave.
† Source is located in Pinal County.

2.3

City
Goodyear
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix
Phoenix

ZIP
85338
85009
85034
85007
85043
85017

Phoenix

85009

City
Buckeye
Buckeye
Buckeye

ZIP
85326
85326
85326

Buckeye
Mobile
Wittmann
Arlington
Buckeye
Casa Grande
Wickenburg
Surprise
Tonopah
GilaBend
Aguila
Arlington
Buckeye
Buckeye
Casa Grande
Wickenburg

85326
85239
85361
85322
85326
85222
85358
85374
85354
85337
85320
85322
85326
85326
85222
85390

Procedures for estimating emissions from point sources

2.3.1 Sources with air quality permits issued by Maricopa County Environmental Services
Department (MCESD)
Both annual and average ozone season-day emissions were estimated from annual source
emission reports, MCESD investigation reports, permit files and logs, or telephone contacts with
sources. For most of the sources, material balance methods were used for determining
emissions. Emissions were estimated using the emission factors from AP–42, source tests,
engineering calculations, or manufacturers' specifications.
MCESD distributes annual emissions survey forms to nearly all facilities for which MCESD has
issued an operating permit. Facilities are required to report detailed information on stacks,
control devices, operating schedules, and process-level information concerning their annual
activities. (See Appendix 2.1 for a copy of the instructions to complete the emissions inventory.)
These instructions include examples and explanations on how to complete the annual emissions
reporting forms that facilities must submit to MCESD. Activity data reported for the June–
August summer season is presumed to be representative of the July–September ozone season.
2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

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Maricopa County, AZ

After a facility has submitted an annual emissions report to MCESD, emissions inventory staff
check all reports for missing and questionable data, and check the accuracy and reasonableness
of all emissions calculations with AP–42, the Factor Information and REtrieval (FIRE) software,
and other EPA documentation. Control efficiencies are determined by source tests when available, or by AP–42 factors, engineering calculations, or manufacturers' specifications. MCESD
has conducted annual emissions surveys for permitted facilities since 1988, and the department's
database system, EMS, contains numerous automated quality assurance/quality control checks
for data input and processing.

2.3.1.1 Application of rule effectiveness
Rule effectiveness reflects the actual ability of a regulatory program to achieve the emission
reductions required by regulation. The concept of applying rule effectiveness in a SIP emission
inventory has evolved from the observation that regulatory programs may be less than 100 percent effective for some source categories. Rule effectiveness (RE) is applied to those sources
affected by a regulation and for which emissions are determined by means of emission factors
and control efficiency estimates. As a default, a rule effectiveness of 80 percent has been applied
to those sources that calculated emissions using control device capture and control estimates.
In certain circumstances (i.e., where control efficiencies approach 100 percent), the application
of the default assumption of 80% rule effectiveness can increase emissions estimates for a single
process by 100-fold or more. After the RE calculation described above was performed for all
industrial processes with control devices for VOC, CO or NOx, further review was made of a
limited number of processes for which using the 80% default value increased estimated emissions by 10 tons or more. It was determined that the large emissions increases in these individual
processes required further review.
For these processes, the approach outlined in EPA's “Guidelines for Estimating and Applying
Rule Effectiveness for Ozone/CO State Implementation Plan Base Year Inventories” (US EPA,
1992) was applied. For each process, a “Rule Effectiveness Questionnaire” was completed in
order to assign a point value to the regulatory, compliance, inspection, and recordkeeping
procedures for the particular facility and process under review. A total of 18 processes were
reviewed, in consultation with County air quality planning, compliance and field inspection staff.
(An example of a completed questionnaire is contained in Appendix 2.2.) The resultant rule
effectiveness estimates ranged from 83 to 94 percent, as shown in Table 2.3–1. These calculated
rule effectiveness estimates were substituted for the default 80% rule effectiveness, as illustrated
by the example described in Section 2.3.1.3.

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

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Maricopa County, AZ

Table 2.3–1. Process-specific rule effectiveness (RE) determinations using questionnaires.
ID
Control device *
Business name
Process Description
POINT SOURCES:
983 Isola Laminate Systems Corp.
Resin coating (treater #2)
Thermal oxidizer
983 Isola Laminate Systems Corp.
Resin coating (treater #3)
Thermal oxidizer
744 M. E. Global Inc.
Casting shakeout
Thermal oxidizer
205 Mail-Well Envelope
Heatset lithographic printing
RTO
1203 Microchip Technology Inc.
Photolithography
RTO
1203 Microchip Technology Inc.
Isopropanol use
RTO
303 Rexam Beverage Can Company
Coating aluminum cans (line 2) Thermal oxidizer
303 Rexam Beverage Can Company
Coating aluminum cans (line 3) Thermal oxidizer
759 Rogers Corp.
Surface coating (xylene use)
Thermal oxidizer
4175 SFPP LP
Gasoline loading losses (800)
Thermal oxidizer
4175 SFPP LP
Gasoline loading losses (900)
Thermal oxidizer
70634 Shell Oil Phoenix Terminal
Gasoline loading losses
CAVR
70634 Shell Oil Phoenix Terminal
Gasoline fugitive losses
CAVR
70634 Shell Oil Phoenix Terminal
Internal floating roof tank
CAVR
AREA SOURCES: (addressed in Chapter 3, but listed here for consistency.)
55468 City of Mesa Kellwood Substation Natural gas engines
3-way catalyst
696 Desert Fire Industries Inc.
Heat treating furnaces
Quench bath
1118 Gannon & Scott
Incineration
Venturi scrubber
1109 Motorola Inc.
Photolithography
Thermal oxidizer
* RTO = Regenerative thermal oxizider; CAVR = Carbon adsorption vapor recovery.

Pollutant

RE
(%)

VOC
VOC
VOC
VOC
VOC
VOC
VOC
VOC
VOC
VOC
VOC
VOC
VOC
VOC

93
93
90
91
93
93
93
93
94
93
93
92
92
92

CO
VOC
NOx
VOC

92
83
92
94

The following sections illustrate how emission estimates were obtained for the Maricopa
County-permitted sources listed in Table 2.2–2.
2.3.1.2 Example 1: Ocotillo Power Plant
Arizona Public Service (APS) operates a peaking electric generating plant with two steam units
(gas/oil-fired boilers) and two natural-gas turbines. APS provided its total annual fuel consumption for each unit, as well as daily and seasonal operating activity. Total annual emissions from
boilers and turbines are summed to obtain the facility's total annual emissions. The Ocotillo
power plant provided the following data which were used to calculate CO emissions from boilers
and turbines:
SCC
10100604
20100201

Annual fuel
consumption
3,406.56 MMCF
673.59 MMCF

Source type
Natural gas boilers
Natural gas turbines

CO emission factor
24 lb/ MMCF
83.64 lb/ MMCF

CO emissions (lbs/yr)
81,757.0
56,339.0

Calculation of annual CO emissions:
Annual emissions (lbs) = Annual fuel consumption × emission factor
CO emissions from natural-gas boilers

= 3,406.56 MMCF × 24 lb CO/MMCF
= 81,757 lbs CO/yr

CO emissions from natural-gas turbines = 673.59 MMCF × 83.64 lb CO/MMCF
= 56,339 lbs CO/yr
Total CO emissions = 81,757 lbs + 56,339 lbs
= 138,096 lbs/yr
= 69.05 tons CO/yr
2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

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Maricopa County, AZ

Calculation of ozone season-day emissions:
APS provided seasonal operating data for each boiler and turbine. The seasonal activity reported
for the June–August time period ranged from 19 to 37 percent among the four units. The
average season-day emissions were calculated individually, as illustrated in the following
example, and them summed to derive daily totals.
Season-day emissions
from steam unit #2

= annual emissions × seasonal activity factor ÷ (days/week × weeks/season)
= 30,771 lb
× 23%
÷ (7 days/wk × 13 wks/season)
= 77.8 lbs CO/season day

2.3.1.3 Example 2: Rogers Corp. Advanced Circuit Materials
This facility produces components of electronic circuit boards. One step in this operation is the
production of “prepreg”, or the lamination of fabric components with a xylene-containing resin.
The example below demonstrates the steps involved in calculating emissions, emissions reductions from material recycling/disposal and pollution control equipment, and the application of
rule effectiveness.
Uncontrolled annual
VOC emissions (lbs)

= Material usage × VOC emission factor
= 471,783 lb xylene/yr × 1 lb/lb
= 471,783 lb/yr

Uncontrolled emissions from many processes can be reduced in a number of ways, including: (1)
capture of the pollutant-containing input material for offsite recycling or disposal, and (2) use of
a control device to capture and control pollutants. The amount of pollutant captured for
recycling/disposal from one or more waste streams is calculated as:
Pollutant recaptured = Σ (Quantity of waste stream n × average pollutant content in waste stream n)
for recycling/disposal

The xylene used in this process was captured in three different waste streams, as follows:
Material recaptured

= (43,617 lbs/yr × 95% VOC ) + (49,942 lbs/yr × 38% VOC) + (9,045 lbs/yr × 3.25% VOC)
= 41,436 + 18,978 + 294 lbs/yr
= 60,708 lbs VOC/yr captured for off-site recycling disposal

Since this material is captured before emissions from this process are vented to a control device,
this off-site disposal “credit” is subtracted from the uncontrolled emissions before calculating the
control device effectiveness:
Controlled
emissions

= uncontrolled – pollutant captured for × [1 – (capture efficiency × control device effectiveness)]
emissions
off-site disposal

From the data calculated above, and the reported specifications of the control device (including
source testing of the control device efficiency), total VOC controlled emissions are calculated as:
Controlled emissions

= 471,783 lb/yr – 60,708 lb/yr × [1 – (99% capture × 97.8% control )]
= 411,075 × [ 1 – (0.96822)]
= 13,064 lbs VOC/yr

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

23

Maricopa County, AZ

This total was reported on the facility's annual emissions inventory as actual VOC emissions
from this process. In developing the SIP inventory, rule effectiveness (RE) is applied to the
reported control device efficiency (97.8%), following EPA guidelines. As described in Section
2.3.1.1, application of the EPA default 80% RE increased estimated emissions from this single
process by more than 10 tons/yr; thus the process was selected for the application of a sourcespecific rule effectiveness study, which identified a RE of 94% for this process. (Appendix 2.2
shows an example of a completed RE survey form.) Thus the total annual emissions including
RE was calculated as:
Annual controlled VOC = Net uncontrolled emissions × [1 – (RE % × capture efficiency × control efficiency)]
emissions reflecting RE
= 411,075 lbs/yr × [ 1 – (94% × 99% × 97.8%)]
= 36,945 lbs VOC/yr

Calculation of ozone season-day emissions:
Season-day emissions
(lbs/day)

2.3.2

= Annual emissions × seasonal activity factor ÷ (days/week × weeks/season)
= 36,945 lbs/yr
× 25%
÷ ( 5 days/wk × 13 wks/season)
= 142.1 lbs VOC/day

Sources with air quality permits issued by Pinal County Air Quality Control District

Air quality officials from the Arizona Dept. of Environmental Quality and the Pinal Count Air
Quality Control District were contacted to determine if there were any point sources operating
within a 25-mile boundary of the ozone nonattainment area. ADEQ representatives confirmed
that there were no point sources operating in the Yavapai and Gila county portions of this 25mile boundary, while Pinal County provided annual emissions data for two facilities (included in
Table 2.2–2) that met the point source definition.

2.4

Detailed overview of point source emissions

2.4.1

Point source emissions by geographic location

Table 2.4–1 provides a summary of annual and ozone season-day emissions from all point
sources, within and outside the ozone nonattainment area. Sources for which rule effectiveness
has been applied are noted. Values of “0.00” and “0.0” for annual and daily emissions denote a
value below the level of significance (0.005 tons/yr and 0.05 lbs/day, respectively). Note that
totals shown in the tables may not equal the sum of individual values due to independent
rounding.

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

24

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 2.4–1. Annual and ozone season-day point source emissions, by facility.
Facilities inside the ozone nonattainment area:
Annual (tons/yr)
ID # Business name
VOC
NOx
CO
1074 23rd Ave. Wastewater Treatment Plant *
3.67
9.89
50.91
1075 91st Ave. Wastewater Treatment Plant
1.42
12.02
4.03
245 A. F. Lorts Company Inc.
54.37
0.01
0.01
1952 Adesa Phoenix LLC
10.65
0.01
0.01
1239 AG Products
11.89
35541 Allied Tube & Conduit Corp.
21.51
0.39
0.33
199 Ameron Intl. Water Transmission Group
20.39
1.24
0.53
292 Anabolic Laboratories Inc.
21.00
0.14
0.12
3313 APS West Phoenix Power Plant
16.35 1,041.12 116.58
3938 Arizona Galvanizing Inc.
0.40
5.84
2.98
4364 Arizona State University
2.03
13.55
15.14
36485 Billboard Poster Company Inc
19.65
43124 Bonded Logic Inc.
0.01
0.20
0.16
3441 BP West Coast Products LLC
31.98
458 Bryant Industries Inc.
22.65
217 Building Products Co.
3.68
5.03
16.73
3442 Caljet
16.60
0.86
4.30
60598 Case Furniture & Design LLC
16.95
1318 Cavco Industries LLC (Goodyear)
22.74
1317 Cavco Industries LLC (Phoenix)
10.86
1316 Cavco Industries LLC (Durango Plant)
13.44
4145 Cave Creek School District
1.02
22.73
3.21
1267 Cemex Mesa Plants #61 & #71
0.63
31.25
2.14
1268 Cemex USA
0.08
1310 Century Graphics LLC *
15.29
0.04
0.04
1426 Cesar Color Inc.
11.24
0.48
0.41
51073 Charles Schwab & Co. Inc.
0.17
12.67
0.92
3297 Chevron USA Inc. *
36.45
3976 Cholla Custom Cabinets Inc.
18.19
0.09
0.01
4083 Chris Fischer Productions Inc.
14.44
399 Coreslab Structures (Ariz) Inc.
5.39
1198 Courier Graphics Corp. *
10.16
0.24
0.20
4368 Craftsmen in Wood Mfg.
12.27
0.08
0.06
4023 Creative Shutters Inc.
12.63
3744 Desert Sun Fiberglass
33.57
130 Dolphin Inc. *
7.71
2.05
1.71
508 Eagle Industries LLC
41.77
0.03
0.02
45493 Earnhardt Ford
11.40
3305 Earthgrains Baking Companies Inc. *
34.15
1.82
1.53
26 Empire Machinery Co.
11.75
39.28
21.16
1505 Executive Door
16.45
544 Fleetwood Homes of Arizona Inc #21
10.92
27728 FlipChip International LLC
11.94
0.33
0.28
41751 GCR Truck Tire Center *
16.30
4050 General Mills
16.97
0.80
0.67
4173 Glendale Municipal Sanitary Landfill *
8.96
4.77
1.67
781 Good Samaritan Regional Medical Ctr. *
2.16
26.97
8.24
1418 Goodrich Aircraft Interior Products *
56.05
0.59
1.51
699 Hanson Aggregates of AZ
0.07
31565 Henry Products Inc. *
56.12
0.58
0.49
* = Source for which rule effectiveness has been applied.

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

25

Ozone season day (lbs/day)
VOC
NOx
CO
19.0
53.9
284.9
11.0
139.7
33.8
522.8
0.1
0.1
81.9
0.1
0.0
91.5
198.5
3.1
2.6
160.0
47.1
10.9
161.5
1.1
0.9
117.8
8,282.6
929.7
2.8
38.9
17.8
10.7
38.0
47.0
181.4
0.1
1.5
1.3
167.0
174.2
27.6
28.1
92.3
91.2
4.7
23.6
108.7
174.9
83.5
103.4
7.7
173.2
24.3
3.9
192.3
13.2
0.4
117.6
0.3
0.3
86.5
3.7
3.1
1.0
69.6
5.0
179.5
139.9
0.7
0.1
133.3
40.4
70.3
1.6
1.4
94.4
0.6
0.5
77.7
258.2
62.4
17.1
14.2
321.3
0.2
0.2
71.8
219.4
11.6
9.8
91.6
241.2
158.5
126.5
84.0
65.6
1.8
1.5
125.4
104.4
4.9
4.1
62.0
33.0
11.6
30.7
371.1
91.7
430.9
0.4
8.9
0.5
518.0
5.3
4.5

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 2.4–1. Annual and ozone season-day point source emissions, by facility (continued).
Annual (tons/yr)
Ozone season day (lbs/day)
ID # Business name
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
529 Highland Products Inc. *
23.43
1.37
1.15
128.9
10.5
8.9
4543 Hogue Printing Inc.
11.18
76.4
3536 Holsum Bakery Inc. *
10.89
3.30
2.77
84.9
24.3
20.4
3802 Holsum Bakery Tempe
19.32
1.06
0.89
140.0
7.5
6.3
1059 Honeywell Engines Systems & Service
20.31
1.48
1.99
129.8
3.4
7.6
355 Honeywell International Inc.
33.12
56.23
20.13
207.5
309.0
110.6
354 Imsamet of Arizona
0.36
15.76
80.66
2.3
83.1
425.4
777 Insulfoam *
58.39
1.11
0.94
344.4
7.1
6.0
3966 Intel Corp. Ocotillo (Fab 12 & 22) *
26.31
21.49
14.69
158.8
295.3
118.9
983 Isola Laminate Systems Corp. *
46.99
22.03
9.14
301.2
141.2
58.6
3317 Kyrene Generating Station
3.58 119.15
39.17
36.6
1,278.9
443.3
341 L & M Laminates & Marble
35.68
274.5
4182 Legends Furniture Inc.
77.00
592.3
857 Litton Electro-Optical Systems *
22.38
172.1
3300 Luke Air Force Base *
32.07
11.10
10.75
234.2
56.4
58.4
744 M. E. Global Inc. *
42.60
40.96
56.22
329.9
311.7
430.4
1248 Maax Spas
46.73
503.2
31261 Madison Granite Supplies
1.99
23.65
14.59
15.3
181.9
112.3
4111 Magic Woods Inc.
12.78
98.3
205 Mail-Well Envelope *
28.65
0.85
0.71
220.4
6.5
5.5
353 Marlam Industries Inc.
42.55
0.03
0.02
327.3
0.2
0.2
61268 Master Block Inc.
0.01
0.26
0.22
0.1
1.7
1.4
62 Mastercraft Cabinets Inc.
121.89
0.15
0.13
1,228.1
1.1
0.9
3326 Mesa Fully Formed Inc.
33.44
257.3
1414 Mesa Materials Inc. (Mesa)
3.09
5.96
16.28
28.6
55.1
150.3
1415 Mesa Materials Inc. (Phoenix)
2.13
4.11
11.22
19.7
37.9
103.5
29474 Metal Management Arizona Inc. *
20.03
0.74
0.16
128.4
4.7
1.0
1203 Microchip Technology Inc. (Chandler) *
11.03
2.37
1.94
60.7
14.1
10.9
1875 Microchip Technology Inc (Tempe) *
48.37
4.30
3.60
266.1
27.2
20.6
226 Monier Lifetile LLC
19.19
0.94
0.79
123.0
6.0
5.0
882 Morton Salt Glendale Facility
0.82
10.21
3.82
6.3
78.6
29.4
881 Motorola Inc. *
47.39
5.68
1.85
262.7
97.6
25.2
223 MTD Southwest Inc.
4.14
1.53
46.12
27.6
9.4
354.3
693 Munters Corp. *
18.83
0.17
0.15
144.8
1.3
1.1
34197 National Gypsum Co.
1.07
19.53
16.15
6.9
127.6
103.9
948 Nesco Mfg. Inc.
14.22
109.4
1309 New Directions Inc.
20.58
158.3
1331 Oak Canyon Manufacturing Inc.
87.44
591.9
3953 Oakcraft Inc.
54.38
0.08
0.07
348.6
0.6
0.5
27925 Oasis Bedroom Co.
15.92
122.5
52382 Ocotillo Power Plant
10.13 260.57
69.05
99.1
2,187.9
589.2
3982 O'Neil Printing Inc.
12.69
97.7
3970 Pacific Designs
29.17
224.4
1344 Palm Harbor Homes Inc.
23.16
222.7
733 Pan-Glo West *
16.12
0.75
0.63
88.6
5.7
4.8
419 Parker Hannifin GTFSD
29.57
189.5
1341 Penn Racquet Sports Inc.
82.06
4.62
3.88
631.2
34.7
29.1
1014 Phoenix Brick Yard
10.28
10.17
34.27
76.4
55.9
188.3
562 Phoenix Newspapers Inc.
10.73
0.61
0.27
59.4
15.0
3.3
148 Presto Casting Co.
16.59
1.18
0.95
127.6
9.1
7.3
60889 Purcell's Western States Tire
5.25
0.18
0.15
56.5
1.4
1.2
1030 Quebecor World Phoenix Division *
18.92
1.76
39.99
92.2
8.6
194.8
* = Source for which rule effectiveness has been applied.

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

26

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 2.4–1. Annual and ozone season-day point source emissions, by facility (continued).
Annual (tons/yr)
Ozone season day (lbs/day)
ID # Business name
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
537 Red Mountain Mining Inc.
0.54
6.64
1.43
4.2
51.1
11.0
1503 Redman Homes Inc
28.15
216.5
303 Rexam Beverage Can Co. *
120.76
5.11
4.29
663.5
28.1
23.6
4318 River Ranch Plant
0.12
0.9
759 Rogers Corp. Advanced Circuit Matls. *
23.08
9.07
35.74
172.7
49.9
197.0
1437 Sanmina Phoenix Division *
20.16
1.83
1.53
129.2
11.7
9.8
3315 Santan Generating Station
9.31 333.00 339.66
57.0
2,052.3
2,093.4
266 Schuff Steel Co.
10.33
3.42
0.74
66.2
21.9
4.7
42636 Scottsdale Health Care Hospital
18.14
3.11
1.38
99.5
13.7
5.9
4175 SFPP LP *
297.91
5.41
8.96
1,636.9
29.7
49.2
70634 Shell Oil Phoenix Terminal *
157.84
0.34
0.28
820.8
1.8
1.6
27933 Skunk Creek Landfill *
11.91
1.78
0.59
65.4
9.8
3.2
4471 Skyline Steel Inc.
12.71
97.8
31627 South Mountain Gin
0.01
0.15
0.12
0.0
0.0
0.0
3316 SRP Agua Fria
21.17 806.46 330.15
144.6
5,793.6
2,323.6
4131 ST Microelectronics *
26.48
5.31
4.46
145.5
29.2
24.5
1444 Staco Architectural Roof Tile
12.86
0.06
0.05
98.9
0.6
0.5
582 Stone Creek Inc.
21.13
162.5
281 Sun State Rock & Materials
0.31
24.58
0.73
2.0
157.6
4.7
101 Sunland Beef Co. *
19.78
12.15
10.21
140.9
62.6
52.6
3978 Team Two Design Assoc. Inc.
16.14
124.2
249 The Boeing Company
17.94
1.34
1.50
138.0
10.3
11.5
937 The Heil Company
12.00
92.3
232 The Phoenician Resort
2.41
12.44
9.98
17.5
74.8
59.6
1102 The Procter & Gamble Mfg. Co.
1.64
0.84
0.70
12.6
6.4
5.4
552 Thornwood Furniture Mfg.
59.19
455.3
363 Thunderbird Furniture
22.15
170.4
56 TPAC Division of Kiewit Western Co.
0.05
0.96
0.80
0.4
7.4
6.2
1210 Trendwood Inc. (15th Ave.)
51.84
398.8
1211 Trendwood Inc. (University Dr.)
56.41
433.9
819 TRW Vehicle Safety Systems Inc. *
1.68
2.24
3.18
11.2
10.9
16.8
169 U Haul Intl. Technical Center
16.51
105.8
1228 Ultra Installations Inc.
18.81
144.7
234 United Dairymen of Arizona
2.23
17.78
27.51
11.8
89.2
144.0
260 United Metro Plant #11
1.29
5.37
16.52
10.1
42.3
146.8
213 United Metro Plant #12
7.86
7.70
30.45
57.9
56.5
226.2
403 VAW of America Inc. *
50.16
11.21
10.65
321.5
71.9
68.3
2 Vulcan Materials Co. (El Mirage)
1.90
8.13
2.03
15.0
62.5
15.5
90 Vulcan Materials Co. (Phoenix)
0.27
2.9
174 W. R. Meadows of AZ Inc.
166.62
0.19
0.16
2,982.7
2.4
2.0
141 Western Organics Inc.
0.35
2.2
4384 Western Shutter LLC
14.21
109.3
2703 Western States Petroleum
11.47
63.0
20706 Wincup Holdings Inc. *
107.36
13.32
11.19
660.7
82.0
68.8
1382 Woodcase Fine Cabinetry Inc.
34.67
266.7
72 Woodstuff Manufacturing Inc.
200.54
0.08
0.07
1,542.6
0.6
0.5
Ozone Non-Attainment Area Totals:
3,869.81 3,190.56 1,616.64 29,126.1 24,096.6 11,013.6
* = Source for which rule effectiveness has been applied.

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

27

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 2.4–1. Annual and ozone season-day point source emissions, by facility (continued).
Facilities outside the ozone NAA:
Annual (tons/yr)
Business name
VOC
NOx
CO
Acme Gin Co. Inc.
0.00
0.10
0.02
Alleco Stone LLC
1.48
18.07
3.89
Allied Waste Industries Inc.
7.84
4.11
0.90
Anderson Clayton Corp. Valencia Gin
0.01
0.41
0.07
Butterfield Station *
5.93
2.49
8.25
DaimlerChrysler AZ Proving Grounds
0.83
0.10
0.06
Duke Energy Arlington Valley LLC
1.56
17.69
23.74
Farmers Gin Inc.
0.02
0.75
0.13
Hexcel Corp. †
87.72
12.89
10.13
Northwest Regional Landfill
0.53
6.59
1.42
Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station
29.26
55.26
16.13
Paloma Gin Properties LLC
0.01
0.09
0.07
Phoenix Agro Invest Inc.
1.86
0.02
0.01
Pinnacle West Energy Corp.
3.68
69.80
89.70
Quincy Joist Company
65.38
Schult Homes
8.56
SRP Desert Basin Generating Station †
10.70 135.40
50.20
Wickenburg Facility
0.59
7.25
1.56
Other Than NAA Totals:
225.96 330.99 206.27
Total Point Source Emissions:
4,095.77 3,521.55 1,822.90
* Source for which rule effectiveness has been applied.
† Source located in Pinal County.
ID #
31606
1874
31643
31637
1218
1389
43063
1488
10211
1879
98
428
289
42956
44182
246
10469
398

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

28

Ozone season day (lbs/day)
VOC
NOx
CO
9.5
43.4
0.0
32.9
6.4
10.0
0.0
674.8
3.4
157.3
0.0
12.7
16.5
502.9
68.5
58.8
4.6
1,601.7
30,727.8

115.8
26.3
0.0
14.8
0.7
113.2
0.0
99.2
42.2
303.6
0.0
0.0
326.2

24.9
5.8
0.0
45.6
0.6
148.9
0.0
77.9
9.1
88.6
0.0
0.0
427.5

744.0
55.8
1,841.8
25,938.4

275.8
12.0
1,116.7
12,130.3

Maricopa County, AZ

2.4.2

Point source emissions by process type

Table 2.4–2 lists annual and ozone season-day emissions from all point sources addressed in this
chapter, listed by process type.
Table 2.4–2. Annual and ozone season-day point source emissions, by process type.
CATEGORY
Annual (tons/yr)
Ozone season day (lbs/day)
ID # Business name
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
ELECTRICITY GENERATION:
Fuel Combustion: Fuel Oil:
3313 APS West Phoenix Power Plant
0.00
0.64
0.00
0.0
0.0
0.0
43063 Duke Energy Arlington Valley LLC †
0.02
0.18
0.11
0.6
5.4
3.5
3317 Kyrene Generating Station
0.00
0.52
0.00
0.0
0.0
0.0
98 Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station†
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.0
0.0
0.0
3316 SRP Agua Fria
0.00
2.49
0.01
0.0
13.3
0.1
0.02
3.83
0.13
0.6
18.7
3.5
Total Fuel Combustion: Fuel Oil:
Fuel Combustion: Natural Gas:
3313 APS West Phoenix Power Plant
11.72 1,040.48 116.58
89.0
8,282.6
929.7
43063 Duke Energy Arlington Valley LLC †
1.54
17.51
23.63
9.5
107.8
145.4
3317 Kyrene Generating Station
2.78 118.63
39.17
32.2
1,278.9
443.3
52382 Ocotillo Power Plant
10.09 260.57
69.05
98.8
2,187.9
589.2
42956 Pinnacle West Energy Corp. †
3.31
69.80
89.70
13.9
326.2
427.5
3315 Santan Generating Station
8.69 333.00 339.66
53.6
2,052.3
2,093.4
3316 SRP Agua Fria
20.22 803.97 330.13
139.4
5,780.3
2,323.5
10469 SRP Desert Basin Generating Station †
10.70 135.40
50.20
58.8
744.0
275.8
69.05 2,779.36 1,058.12
495.0 20,759.9
7,227.7
Total Fuel Combustion: Natural Gas:
TOTAL: ELECTRICITY GENERATION
69.07 2,783.19 1,058.25
495.6 20,778.6
7,231.3
COMMERCIAL/INSTITUTIONAL FUEL COMBUSTION:
Fuel Oil:
1074 23rd Ave. Wastewater Treatment Plant
0.00
0.12
1075 91st Ave. Wastewater Treatment Plant
0.06
1.97
4364 Arizona State University
0.00
0.09
4145 Cave Creek School District
0.02
0.23
51073 Charles Schwab & Co. Inc.
0.17
12.67
781 Good Samaritan Regional Medical Center
1.83
23.07
3300 Luke Air Force Base
0.21
3.11
42636 Scottsdale Health Care Hospital
0.14
1.99
2.44
43.26
Total Comm./Inst. Fuel Oil:
Natural Gas:
1074 23rd Ave. Wastewater Treatment Plant
0.09
1.69
4364 Arizona State University
0.99
13.46
4145 Cave Creek School District
0.92
22.51
781 Good Samaritan Regional Medical Center
0.21
3.90
3300 Luke Air Force Base
0.27
5.00
42636 Scottsdale Health Care Hospital
0.06
1.12
232 The Phoenician Resort
2.00
12.44
4.54
60.12
Total Comm./Inst. Natural Gas:
Other:
3300 Luke Air Force Base
0.01
0.52
TOTAL: COMMERCIAL/
INSTITUTIONAL FUEL COMBUSTION:
6.99 103.90
† Source is outside the ozone nonattainment area.

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

29

0.03
0.45
0.02
0.05
0.92
4.96
0.71
0.44
7.58

0.1
2.5
0.0
0.0
1.0
28.8
1.6
0.7
34.7

2.4
85.3
1.5
0.1
69.6
352.2
23.9
9.0
543.9

0.5
19.5
0.4
0.0
5.0
75.8
5.5
1.9
108.7

0.76
15.12
3.16
3.28
4.20
0.94
9.98
37.44

0.5
3.1
7.1
1.0
0.6
0.3
14.8
27.3

11.5
36.6
173.1
18.9
11.0
4.7
74.8
330.6

2.0
46.7
24.3
15.8
9.2
3.9
59.6
161.6

0.61

0.0

2.9

3.6

45.63

62.0

877.3

273.9

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 2.4–2. Annual and ozone season-day point source emissions, by process type (continued).
CATEGORY
Annual (tons/yr)
Ozone season day (lbs/day)
ID # Business name
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
INDUSTRIAL FUEL COMBUSTION:
Industrial Fuel Oil:
1874 Alleco Stone LLC †
199 Ameron Intl. Water Transmission Group
3938 Arizona Galvanizing Inc.
1218 Butterfield Station †
1267 Cemex Mesa Plants #61 & #71
26 Empire Machinery Co.
1418 Goodrich Aircraft Interior Products
3966 Intel Corp. Ocotillo (Fab 12 & 22)
31261 Madison Granite Supplies
1414 Mesa Materials Inc. (Mesa)
1415 Mesa Materials Inc. (Phoenix)
29474 Metal Management Arizona Inc.
1203 Microchip Technology Inc. (Chandler)
1875 Microchip Technology Inc. (Tempe)
882 Morton Salt Glendale Facility
881 Motorola Inc.
34197 National Gypsum Co.
1879 Northwest Regional Landfill †
98 Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station †
537 Red Mountain Mining Inc.
266 Schuff Steel Co.
281 Sun State Rock & Materials
260 United Metro Plant #11
213 United Metro Plant #12
2 Vulcan Materials Co. (El Mirage)
398 Wickenburg Facility †
Total Industrial Fuel Oil:
Industrial Natural Gas:
245 A. F. Lorts Company Inc.
1952 Adesa Phoenix LLC
35541 Allied Tube & Conduit Corp.
199 Ameron Intl. Water Transmission Group
292 Anabolic Laboratories
3938 Arizona Galvanizing Inc.
43124 Bonded Logic Inc.
217 Building Products Co.
1310 Century Graphics LLC
1426 Cesar Color Inc.
1198 Courier Graphics Corp.
4368 Craftsmen in Wood Mfg
130 Dolphin Inc.
508 Eagle Industries LLC
3305 Earthgrains Baking Companies Inc.
26 Empire Machinery Co.
27728 FlipChip International LLC
4050 General Mills
1418 Goodrich Aircraft Interior Products
31565 Henry Products Inc.
529 Highland Products Inc.
† Source is outside the ozone nonattainment area.

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

1.48
0.07
0.25
0.10
0.63
0.44
0.01
0.43
1.99
3.09
2.13
0.06
0.00
0.01
0.64
0.06
0.01
0.53
1.74
0.54
0.28
0.31
0.01
0.01
1.78
0.59
17.18

18.07
0.82
3.08
1.21
31.25
14.08
0.10
5.39
23.65
5.96
4.11
0.74
0.03
0.11
9.51
1.95
0.38
6.59
55.21
6.64
3.42
24.58
0.65
0.77
8.08
7.25
233.62

3.89
0.18
0.66
0.26
2.14
2.25
0.02
1.16
14.59
16.28
11.22
0.16
0.01
0.02
2.37
0.44
0.06
1.42
14.27
1.43
0.74
0.73
0.16
0.19
1.98
1.56
78.22

9.5
3.7
1.9
0.6
3.9
3.1
0.0
16.7
15.3
28.6
19.7
0.4
0.1
0.3
4.9
2.2
0.2
3.4
9.6
4.2
1.8
2.0
0.0
0.0
13.7
4.6
150.2

115.8
46.0
23.7
7.7
192.3
37.7
0.0
206.9
181.9
55.1
37.9
4.7
1.3
4.2
73.1
74.9
4.9
42.2
303.3
51.1
21.9
157.6
0.0
4.9
62.1
55.8
1,767.1

24.9
9.9
5.1
1.7
13.2
8.1
0.0
44.6
112.3
150.3
103.5
1.0
0.3
0.9
18.3
17.1
0.8
9.1
78.4
11.0
4.7
4.7
0.0
1.2
15.2
12.0
648.3

0.00
0.00
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.15
0.01
0.34
0.00
0.03
0.01
0.00
0.11
0.00
0.10
6.38
0.02
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.08

0.01
0.01
0.39
0.41
0.14
2.76
0.20
5.03
0.04
0.48
0.24
0.08
2.04
0.03
1.82
25.20
0.33
0.80
0.46
0.58
1.37

0.01
0.01
0.33
0.35
0.12
2.32
0.16
16.73
0.04
0.41
0.20
0.06
1.71
0.02
1.53
18.91
0.28
0.67
0.38
0.49
1.15

0.0
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.8
0.1
1.9
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.9
0.0
0.6
50.6
0.1
0.3
0.0
0.3
0.6

0.1
0.1
3.1
1.1
1.1
15.2
1.5
28.1
0.3
3.7
1.6
0.6
16.9
0.2
11.6
203.5
1.8
4.9
0.0
5.3
10.5

0.1
0.0
2.6
1.0
0.9
12.7
1.3
92.3
0.3
3.1
1.4
0.5
14.2
0.2
9.8
150.4
1.5
4.1
0.0
4.5
8.9

30

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 2.4–2. Annual and ozone season-day point source emissions, by process type (continued).
CATEGORY
Annual (tons/yr)
Ozone season day (lbs/day)
ID # Business name
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Industrial Fuel Combustion: Natural Gas (cont'd.)
3536 Holsum Bakery Inc.
0.18
3.30
2.77
1.3
24.3
20.4
3802 Holsum Bakery Tempe
0.06
1.06
0.89
0.4
7.5
6.3
1059 Honeywell Engines Systems & Service
0.05
0.95
0.80
0.0
0.0
0.0
355 Honeywell International Inc.
0.25
4.47
3.76
1.4
24.6
20.6
777 Insulfoam
0.06
1.11
0.94
0.4
7.1
6.0
3966 Intel Corp. Ocotillo (Fab 12 & 22)
0.89
16.11
13.53
4.9
88.5
74.3
983 Isola Laminate Systems Corp.
0.17
22.03
9.14
1.1
141.2
58.6
744 M. E. Global Inc.
0.26
4.75
3.99
1.7
31.0
26.0
205 Mail-Well Envelope
0.05
0.85
0.71
0.4
6.5
5.5
353 Marlam Industries Inc.
0.00
0.03
0.02
0.0
0.2
0.2
61268 Master Block Inc.
0.01
0.26
0.22
0.1
1.7
1.4
62 Mastercraft Cabinets Inc.
0.01
0.15
0.13
0.1
1.1
0.9
1203 Microchip Technology Inc. (Chandler)
0.13
2.30
1.93
0.7
12.6
10.6
1875 Microchip Technology Inc. (Tempe)
0.23
4.19
3.52
1.3
23.0
19.3
226 Monier Lifetile LLC
0.05
0.94
0.79
0.3
6.0
5.0
882 Morton Salt Glendale Facility
0.04
0.68
0.57
0.3
5.2
4.4
881 Motorola Inc.
0.51
3.73
1.40
3.2
22.7
8.1
223 MTD Southwest Inc.
0.02
0.34
0.08
0.0
0.3
0.2
693 Munters Corp.
0.01
0.17
0.15
0.1
1.3
1.1
34197 National Gypsum Co.
1.05
19.15
16.09
6.8
122.7
103.1
3953 Oakcraft Inc.
0.00
0.08
0.07
0.0
0.6
0.5
428 Paloma Gin Properties LLC †
0.01
0.09
0.07
0.0
0.0
0.0
733 Pan-Glo West
0.04
0.75
0.63
0.3
5.7
4.8
1341 Penn Racquet Sports Inc.
0.25
4.62
3.88
1.9
34.7
29.1
289 Phoenix Agro Invest Inc. †
0.00
0.02
0.01
0.0
0.0
0.0
1014 Phoenix Brick Yard
1.23
10.17
34.27
6.7
55.9
188.3
562 Phoenix Newspapers Inc.
0.03
0.61
0.27
0.6
15.0
3.3
148 Presto Casting Co.
0.06
1.14
0.95
0.5
8.7
7.3
60889 Purcell's Western States Tire
0.01
0.18
0.15
0.1
1.4
1.2
1030 Quebecor World Phoenix Division
0.09
1.76
39.99
0.5
8.6
194.8
303 Rexam Beverage Can Company
0.28
5.11
4.29
1.5
28.1
23.6
759 Rogers Corp. Advanced Circuit Materials
0.09
9.07
35.74
0.5
49.9
197.0
1437 Sanmina Phoenix Division
0.10
1.83
1.53
0.6
11.7
9.8
70634 Shell Oil Phoenix Terminal
0.02
0.34
0.28
0.1
1.8
1.6
31627 South Mountain Gin
0.01
0.15
0.12
0.0
0.0
0.0
4131 ST Microelectronics
0.29
5.31
4.46
1.6
29.2
24.5
1444 Staco Architectural Roof Tile
0.00
0.06
0.05
0.0
0.6
0.5
101 Sunland Beef Co.
0.67
12.15
10.21
3.4
62.6
52.6
249 The Boeing Company
0.07
1.26
1.05
0.5
9.7
8.1
1102 The Procter & Gamble Mfg. Co.
0.05
0.84
0.70
0.4
6.4
5.4
56 TPAC Division of Kiewit Western Co.
0.05
0.96
0.80
0.4
7.4
6.2
819 TRW Vehicle Safety Systems Inc.
0.18
2.24
2.77
0.9
10.8
13.4
234 United Dairymen of Arizona
1.80
17.78
27.51
9.4
89.2
144.0
260 United Metro Plant #11
0.72
4.72
16.36
6.4
42.3
146.8
213 United Metro Plant #12
7.32
6.93
30.25
54.4
51.5
225.0
403 VAW of America Inc.
0.69
11.04
8.03
4.4
70.8
51.5
2 Vulcan Materials Co. (El Mirage)
0.00
0.06
0.05
0.0
0.4
0.3
174 W. R. Meadows of AZ Inc.
0.01
0.19
0.16
0.1
2.4
2.0
20706 Wincup Holdings Inc.
0.73
13.32
11.19
4.5
82.0
68.8
72 Woodstuff Manufacturing Inc.
0.00
0.08
0.07
0.0
0.6
0.5
26.22 241.80 343.21
181.3
1,527.2
2,092.9
Total Industrial Natural Gas:
† Source is outside the ozone nonattainment area.

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

31

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 2.4–2. Annual and ozone season-day point source emissions, by process type (continued).
CATEGORY
Annual (tons/yr)
Ozone season day (lbs/day)
ID # Business name
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Industrial Fuel Combustion: (cont'd.)
Industrial Fuel Combustion: Gasoline:
31643 Allied Waste Industries Inc. †
0.33
4.11
0.90
2.1
26.3
5.8
1418 Goodrich Aircraft Interior Products
0.02
0.01
0.46
0.1
0.1
2.4
882 Morton Salt Glendale Facility
0.04
0.02
0.87
0.3
0.2
6.7
98 Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station †
0.09
0.05
1.85
0.5
0.3
10.2
0.49
4.19
4.08
3.1
26.8
25.1
Total Industrial Gasoline:
Industrial Fuel Combustion: LPG:
31606 Acme Gin Co Inc. †
0.00
0.10
0.02
0.0
0.0
0.0
31637 Anderson Clayton Corp. Valencia Gin †
0.01
0.41
0.07
0.0
0.0
0.0
3976 Cholla Custom Cabinets Inc.
0.00
0.09
0.01
0.0
0.7
0.1
1389 DaimlerChrysler AZ Proving Grounds †
0.03
0.10
0.06
0.4
0.7
0.6
1488 Farmers Gin Inc. †
0.02
0.75
0.13
0.0
0.0
0.0
1418 Goodrich Aircraft Interior Products
0.03
0.03
0.64
0.3
0.3
6.5
0.11
1.48
0.93
0.7
1.7
7.3
Total Industrial LPG:
TOTAL INDUSTRIAL FUEL COMBUSTION:
43.99 481.08 426.44
335.3
3,322.8
2,773.6
FOOD/AGRICULTURE:
Bakeries:
3305 Earthgrains Baking Companies Inc.
4050 General Mills
3536 Holsum Bakery Inc.
3802 Holsum Bakery Tempe
Total Bakeries:
Dairies:
234 United Dairymen of Arizona
Rendering:
101 Sunland Beef Co.
TOTAL FOOD/AGRICULTURE:
INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES:
Cooling Towers:
98 Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station †
Engine Testing:
1059 Honeywell Engines Systems & Service
355 Honeywell International Inc.
3300 Luke Air Force Base
223 MTD Southwest Inc.
249 The Boeing Company
Total Engine Testing:
Other Industrial Processes:
3442 Caljet
98 Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station †
759 Rogers Corp. Advanced Circuit Materials
4175 SFPP LP
101 Sunland Beef Co.
249 The Boeing Company
Total Other Industrial Processes:
TOTAL INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES:
† Source is outside the ozone nonattainment area.

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

32.92
16.92
10.71
19.26
79.81

211.0
104.1
83.5
139.6
538.3

0.03

0.2

18.92
98.76

136.2
674.7

11.14

61.2

1.67
4.81
7.21
1.73
0.00
15.42

0.53
51.76
2.29
1.19
0.08
55.85

1.19
16.37
5.12
46.04
0.29
69.01

10.7
26.4
55.4
13.3
0.0
105.9

3.4
284.4
17.6
9.2
0.6
315.2

7.6
90.0
39.4
354.1
2.3
493.3

5.16
1.25
2.10

0.86

4.30

28.3
3.4
11.5

4.7

23.6

4.03

8.62

22.1

47.3

26.8
342.0

1.2
72.1
565.5

0.15
8.65
35.21

32

0.9
4.89
60.74

0.15
13.06
82.07

44.2
211.3

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 2.4–2. Annual and ozone season-day point source emissions, by process type (continued).
CATEGORY
Annual (tons/yr)
Ozone season day (lbs/day)
ID # Business name
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
MANUFACTURING PROCESSES:
Asphalt, Concrete & Tile:
544 Fleetwood Homes of Arizona Inc. #21
1444 Staco Architectural Roof Tile
Total Asphalt, Concrete & Tile:
Electrical Equipment:
27728 FlipChip International LLC
1059 Honeywell Engines Systems & Service
3966 Intel Corp. Ocotillo (Fab 12 & 22)
983 Isola Laminate Systems Corp.
1203 Microchip Technology Inc. (Chandler)
1875 Microchip Technology Inc. (Tempe)
881 Motorola Inc.
759 Rogers Corp. Advanced Circuit Materials
1437 Sanmina Phoenix Division
4131 ST Microelectronics
Total Electrical Equipment:
Fabricated Metal Products:
199 Ameron Intl. Water Transmission Group
10211 Hexcel Corp. †
Total, Fabricated Metal Products:
Paper Products:
693 Munters Corp.
Pharmaceuticals:
292 Anabolic Laboratories
1102 The Procter & Gamble Mfg. Co.
Total Pharmaceuticals:
Rubber/Plastic Products:
3744 Desert Sun Fiberglass
41751 GCR Truck Tire Center
31565 Henry Products Inc.
529 Highland Products Inc.
777 Insulfoam
341 L & M Laminates & Marble
1248 Maax Spas
353 Marlam Industries Inc.
3326 Mesa Fully Formed Inc.
1341 Penn Racquet Sports Inc.
60889 Purcell's Western States Tire
1228 Ultra Installations Inc.
20706 Wincup Holdings Inc.
Total Rubber/Plastic Products:
† Source is outside the ozone nonattainment area.

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

0.27
12.85
13.12

2.1
98.9
100.9

11.92
0.10
24.99
46.07
10.90
48.13
46.82
2.37
18.90
25.91
236.11

0.04

0.06

65.5
0.6
137.3
295.3
59.9
264.5
257.3
18.2
121.2
142.4
1,362.1

0.2

0.3

4.73
87.72
92.45

12.89
12.89

10.13
10.13

36.4
674.8
711.1

99.2
99.2

77.9
77.9

0.04
0.06

18.82

144.7

20.99
0.98
21.97

161.5
7.5
169.0

33.57
16.30
55.85
22.90
58.33
35.68
40.54
42.55
33.35
81.81
4.58
18.81
103.18
547.47

258.2
125.4
515.6
125.8
344.0
274.5
436.6
327.3
256.6
629.3
49.3
144.7
635.0
4,122.3

33

0.2
0.3

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 2.4–2. Annual and ozone season-day point source emissions, by process type (continued).
CATEGORY
Annual (tons/yr)
Ozone season day (lbs/day)
ID # Business name
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Secondary Metal Products:
130 Dolphin Inc.
6.10
0.01
51.9
0.1
354 Imsamet of Arizona
0.36
15.76
80.66
2.3
83.1
425.4
744 M. E. Global Inc.
42.29
36.22
52.24
327.9
280.7
404.4
29474 Metal Management Arizona Inc.
19.10
122.4
148 Presto Casting Co.
7.43
0.05
57.1
0.3
403 VAW of America Inc.
2.40
0.17
2.62
15.4
1.1
16.8
Total Secondary Metal Products:
77.68
52.20 135.51
577.2
365.4
846.6
Other Manufacturing:
60598 Case Furniture & Design LLC
5.97
38.3
819 TRW Vehicle Safety Systems Inc.
0.04
0.00
0.41
0.2
0.0
3.4
6.01
0.00
0.41
38.5
0.0
3.4
Total Other Manufacturing:
TOTAL MANUFACTURING PROCESSES:
1,013.62
65.13 146.12
7,225.9
464.8
928.3
PETROLEUM PRODUCT STORAGE:
Fuel Oil Storage:
3313 APS West Phoenix Power Plant
3297 Chevron USA Inc.
Total Fuel Oil Storage:
Gasoline Storage:
1075 91st Ave. Wastewater Treatment Plant
199 Ameron Intl. Water Transmission Group
3313 APS West Phoenix Power Plant
4364 Arizona State University
1218 Butterfield Station †
4145 Cave Creek School District
1268 Cemex USA
399 Coreslab Structures (Ariz) Inc.
1389 DaimlerChrysler AZ Proving Grounds †
781 Good Samaritan Regional Medical Center
699 Hanson Aggregates of Arizona Inc.
3317 Kyrene Generating Station
3300 Luke Air Force Base
744 M. E. Global Inc.
882 Morton Salt Glendale Facility
223 MTD Southwest Inc.
98 Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station †
289 Phoenix Agro Invest Inc. †
1014 Phoenix Brick Yard
4318 River Ranch Plant
3315 Santan Generating Station
266 Schuff Steel Co.
27933 Skunk Creek Landfill
3316 SRP Agua Fria
249 The Boeing Company
232 The Phoenician Resort
169 U Haul Intl. Technical Center
260 United Metro Plant #11
213 United Metro Plant #12
2 Vulcan Materials Co. (El Mirage)
90 Vulcan Materials Co. (Phoenix)
141 Western Organics Inc.
Total Gasoline Storage:
† Source is outside the ozone nonattainment area.
2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

2.50
0.09
2.59

13.7
0.5
14.2

0.16
0.17
0.36
0.17
0.11
0.08
0.08
0.50
0.54
0.03
0.07
0.02
3.59
0.05
0.04
0.47
3.96
1.86
0.17
0.12
0.04
0.16
0.89
0.03
0.37
0.41
0.72
0.55
0.51
0.12
0.27
0.35
16.96

0.7
1.3
2.0
0.9
0.7
0.6
0.4
2.7
4.3
0.2
0.5
0.1
27.6
0.3
0.2
2.2
21.7
12.7
1.3
0.9
0.2
1.0
4.9
0.2
2.9
2.6
4.6
3.5
3.3
1.3
2.9
2.2
111.0

34

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 2.4–2. Annual and ozone season-day point source emissions, by process type (continued).
CATEGORY
Annual (tons/yr)
Ozone season day (lbs/day)
ID # Business name
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Other Organic Chemical Storage:
1389 DaimlerChrysler AZ Proving Grounds †
0.06
0.5
130 Dolphin Inc.
0.00
0.0
355 Honeywell International Inc.
0.12
0.7
1341 Penn Racquet Sports Inc.
0.00
0.0
759 Rogers Corp. Advanced Circuit Materials
0.02
0.1
0.20
1.3
Total Other Organic Chemical Storage:
TOTAL PETROLEUM PROD. STORAGE:
19.74
126.4
PETROLEUM TRANSPORTATION/MARKETING:
Avgas:
3313 APS West Phoenix Power Plant
0.22
3300 Luke Air Force Base
0.01
0.22
Total Avgas:
Bulk Plants:
3300 Luke Air Force Base
3.40
2703 Western States Petroleum
5.10
8.50
Total Bulk Plants:
Bulk Terminals:
3441 BP West Coast Products LLC
31.98
3442 Caljet
11.44
3297 Chevron USA Inc.
36.36
4175 SFPP LP
297.65
70634 Shell Oil Phoenix Terminal
157.82
2703 Western States Petroleum
6.37
541.61
Total Bulk Terminals:
TOTAL PETROLEUM
TRANSPORTATION/MARKETING:
550.34
WASTE DISPOSAL:
Landfills:
31643 Allied Waste Industries Inc. †
1218 Butterfield Station †
4173 Glendale Municipal Sanitary Landfill
27933 Skunk Creek Landfill
Total Landfills:
Publicly Owned Treatment Works
(POTWs):
1074 23rd Ave. Wastewater Treatment Plant
1075 91st Ave. Wastewater Treatment Plant
Total POTWs:
Site Remediation:
1218 Butterfield Station †
130 Dolphin Inc.
3300 Luke Air Force Base
1879 Northwest Regional Landfill †
4175 SFPP LP
Total Site Remediation:
Other Waste Disposal:
983 Isola Laminate Systems Corp.
TOTAL WASTE DISPOSAL:
† Source is outside the ozone nonattainment area.

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

1.2
0.0
1.2
19.4
28.0
47.4
167.0
62.9
179.0
1,635.4
820.7
35.0
2,900.1
2,948.7

7.51
5.58
8.96
11.01
33.06

1.28
4.77
1.78
7.83

7.98
1.67
0.59
10.24

41.3
30.7
62.0
60.5
194.5

7.0
33.0
9.8
49.8

43.9
11.6
3.2
58.7

3.07
1.20
4.27

8.08
10.04
18.12

50.12
3.58
53.70

14.5
7.9
22.4

39.9
54.5
94.4

282.4
14.2
296.6

0.05
1.22
1.92
0.00
0.26
3.45

0.18

0.11

1.38
1.56

0.01
40.79

27.51

35

1.0

0.6

0.34
0.46

0.3
7.2
10.5
0.0
1.4
19.5

7.6
8.6

1.9
2.5

64.40

0.1
236.4

152.8

357.8

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 2.4–2. Annual and ozone season-day point source emissions, by process type (continued).
CATEGORY
Annual (tons/yr)
Ozone season day (lbs/day)
ID # Business name
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
HEALTH SERVICES:
781 Good Samaritan Regional Medical Center
42636 Scottsdale Health Care Hospital
TOTAL HEALTH SERVICES:
SOLVENT USE:
Cold Cleaning:
199 Ameron Intl. Water Transmission Group
3313 APS West Phoenix Power Plant
4364 Arizona State University
1316 Cavco Industries LLC (Durango Plant)
1318 Cavco Industries LLC (Goodyear)
1317 Cavco Industries LLC (Phoenix)
4083 Chris Fischer Productions Inc.
399 Coreslab Structures (Ariz) Inc.
1389 DaimlerChrysler AZ Proving Grounds †
130 Dolphin Inc.
3305 Earthgrains Baking Companies Inc.
26 Empire Machinery Co.
544 Fleetwood Homes of Arizona Inc. #21
31565 Henry Products Inc.
1059 Honeywell Engines Systems & Service
355 Honeywell International Inc.
983 Isola Laminate Systems Corp.
857 Litton Electro-Optical Systems
3300 Luke Air Force Base
1248 Maax Spas
3326 Mesa Fully Formed Inc.
29474 Metal Management Arizona Inc.
882 Morton Salt Glendale Facility
223 MTD Southwest Inc.
52382 Ocotillo Power Plant
1344 Palm Harbor Homes Inc.
733 Pan-Glo West
419 Parker Hannifin GTFSD
1014 Phoenix Brick Yard
42956 Pinnacle West Energy Corp. †
44182 Quincy Joist Company †
1503 Redman Homes Inc.
1437 Sanmina Phoenix Division
249 The Boeing Company
819 TRW Vehicle Safety Systems Inc.
169 U Haul Intl. Technical Center
234 United Dairymen of Arizona
260 United Metro Plant #11
20706 Wincup Holdings Inc.
Total Cold Cleaning:
† Source is outside the ozone nonattainment area.

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

0.00
17.94
17.94

0.0
98.6
98.6

3.05
0.38
0.16
0.22
0.31
0.59
0.29
1.26
0.15
0.28
0.40
4.37
0.52
0.06
6.78
27.42
0.71
22.38
1.15
0.81
0.09
0.86
0.07
1.92
0.05
0.41
8.41
29.57
8.89
0.37
0.18
1.11
0.05
12.76
0.67
7.96
0.40
0.02
3.44
148.50

23.4
2.9
1.3
1.7
2.4
4.5
2.7
9.7
1.0
2.3
3.1
33.6
4.0
0.6
43.4
175.7
4.6
172.1
8.8
8.8
0.7
5.5
0.6
12.1
0.3
3.9
46.2
189.5
68.4
2.7
1.4
8.5
0.3
98.1
4.0
51.0
2.2
0.2
21.2
1,023.6

36

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 2.4–2. Annual and ozone season-day point source emissions, by process type (continued).
CATEGORY
Annual (tons/yr)
Ozone season day (lbs/day)
ID # Business name
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
SOLVENT USE: Degreasing:
1074 23rd Ave. Wastewater Treatment Plant
1218 Butterfield Station †
1389 DaimlerChrysler AZ Proving Grounds †
1059 Honeywell Engines Systems & Service
3317 Kyrene Generating Station
98 Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station †
562 Phoenix Newspapers Inc.
3315 Santan Generating Station
3316 SRP Agua Fria
101 Sunland Beef Co.
213 United Metro Plant #12
403 VAW of America Inc.
Total Degreasing:
Printing/publishing:
36485 Billboard Poster Company Inc.
1310 Century Graphics LLC
1426 Cesar Color Inc.
1198 Courier Graphics Corp.
3305 Earthgrains Baking Companies Inc.
31565 Henry Products Inc.
529 Highland Products Inc.
4543 Hogue Printing Inc.
205 Mail-Well Envelope
3982 O'Neil Printing Inc.
562 Phoenix Newspapers Inc.
1030 Quebecor World Phoenix Division
1102 The Procter & Gamble Mfg. Co.
819 TRW Vehicle Safety Systems Inc.
Total Printing/publishing:
Miscellaneous Solvent Use:
1316 Cavco Industries LLC (Durango Plant)
1318 Cavco Industries LLC (Goodyear)
1505 Executive Door
226 Monier Lifetile LLC
98 Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station †
60889 Purcell's Western States Tire
Total Miscellaneous Solvent Use:
TOTAL SOLVENT USE:
SURFACE COATING:
Aircraft/parts:
3300 Luke Air Force Base
249 The Boeing Company
Total Aircraft/parts:
Auto Body:
1952 Adesa Phoenix LLC
45493 Earnhardt Ford
937 The Heil Company
Total Auto Body:
† Source is outside the ozone nonattainment area.

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

0.51
0.08
0.05
9.29
0.10
2.83
0.26
0.17
0.74
0.05
0.02
47.07
61.17

3.9
0.5
0.3
59.5
0.5
15.6
1.4
0.9
4.1
0.3
0.1
301.8
389.0

19.65
15.29
11.21
10.14
0.74
0.17
0.45
11.18
28.60
12.69
10.17
18.83
0.62
0.75
140.49

181.4
117.6
86.2
70.2
4.7
1.6
2.5
76.4
220.0
97.7
55.9
91.7
4.7
5.7
1,016.3

0.39
0.03
0.12
13.43
2.67
0.66
17.31
367.47

3.0
0.3
0.9
86.1
14.7
7.1
112.1
2,541.0

14.32
3.21
17.53

110.2
24.7
134.9

10.65
11.40
12.00
34.05

81.9
71.8
92.3
246.1

37

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 2.4–2. Annual and ozone season-day point source emissions, by process type (continued).
CATEGORY
Annual (tons/yr)
Ozone season day (lbs/day)
ID # Business name
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
SURFACE COATING: Flatwood:
458 Bryant Industries Inc.
22.65
174.2
4083 Chris Fischer Productions Inc.
9.64
89.0
4023 Creative Shutters Inc.
12.63
77.7
1505 Executive Door
16.33
125.6
1248 Maax Spas
1.69
18.2
62 Mastercraft Cabinets Inc.
121.88
1,228.1
4384 Western Shutter LLC
14.21
109.3
1382 Woodcase Fine Cabinetry Inc.
34.67
266.7
233.70
2,088.8
Total Flatwood:
Metal Cans:
303 Rexam Beverage Can Company
120.48
662.0
Misc. Metal Parts:
1239 AG Products
11.89
91.5
35541 Allied Tube & Conduit Corp.
21.49
198.4
26 Empire Machinery Co.
0.56
4.3
355 Honeywell International Inc.
0.54
3.3
733 Pan-Glo West
7.67
42.1
44182 Quincy Joist Company †
65.20
501.5
759 Rogers Corp. Advanced Circuit Materials
18.50
142.3
4471 Skyline Steel Inc.
12.71
97.8
Total Misc. Metal Parts:
138.56
1,081.3
Wood Furniture:
245 A. F. Lorts Company Inc.
54.37
522.8
60598 Case Furniture & Design LLC
10.98
70.4
3976 Cholla Custom Cabinets Inc.
18.19
139.9
4083 Chris Fischer Productions Inc.
4.50
41.6
4368 Craftsmen in Wood Mfg
12.26
94.3
508 Eagle Industries LLC
41.77
321.3
4182 Legends Furniture Inc.
77.00
592.3
4111 Magic Woods Inc.
12.78
98.3
1309 New Directions Inc.
20.58
158.3
1331 Oak Canyon Manufacturing Inc.
87.44
591.9
3953 Oakcraft Inc.
54.38
348.6
27925 Oasis Bedroom Co.
15.92
122.5
3970 Pacific Designs
29.17
224.4
582 Stone Creek Inc.
21.13
162.5
3978 Team Two Design Assoc Inc.
16.14
124.2
552 Thornwood Furniture Mfg
59.19
455.3
363 Thunderbird Furniture
22.15
170.4
1210 Trendwood Inc. (15th Ave.)
51.84
398.8
1211 Trendwood Inc. (University Dr.)
56.41
433.9
72 Woodstuff Manufacturing Inc.
200.54
1,542.6
866.75
6,614.2
Total, Wood Furniture:
Miscellaneous Surface Coating:
199 Ameron Intl. Water Transmission Group
12.36
95.1
3313 APS West Phoenix Power Plant
1.17
9.0
4364 Arizona State University
0.71
5.4
217 Building Products Co.
3.34
25.7
1316 Cavco Industries LLC (Durango Plant)
12.83
98.7
1318 Cavco Industries LLC (Goodyear)
22.39
172.3
1317 Cavco Industries LLC (Phoenix)
10.27
79.0
399 Coreslab Structures (Ariz) Inc.
3.63
28.0
† Source is outside the ozone nonattainment area.
2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

38

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 2.4–2. Annual and ozone season-day point source emissions, by process type (continued).
CATEGORY
Annual (tons/yr)
Ozone season day (lbs/day)
ID # Business name
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
SURFACE COATING: Miscellaneous (cont'd.)
544 Fleetwood Homes of Arizona Inc. #21
10.13
77.9
781 Good Samaritan Regional Medical Center
0.09
0.7
1418 Goodrich Aircraft Interior Products
55.97
430.5
1059 Honeywell Engines Systems & Service
2.42
15.5
3966 Intel Corp. Ocotillo (Fab 12 & 22)
0.00
0.0
983 Isola Laminate Systems Corp.
0.03
0.2
3317 Kyrene Generating Station
0.69
3.8
1248 Maax Spas
3.68
39.6
226 Monier Lifetile LLC
5.70
36.5
948 Nesco Mfg. Inc.
14.22
109.4
1344 Palm Harbor Homes Inc.
22.75
218.8
98 Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station †
5.58
30.7
562 Phoenix Newspapers Inc.
0.26
1.4
148 Presto Casting Co.
9.10
70.0
1503 Redman Homes Inc.
27.04
208.0
1437 Sanmina Phoenix Division
1.10
7.1
3315 Santan Generating Station
0.41
2.2
266 Schuff Steel Co.
9.89
63.4
246 Schult Homes †
8.56
68.5
3316 SRP Agua Fria
0.17
1.0
4131 ST Microelectronics
0.28
1.5
249 The Boeing Company
1.52
11.7
819 TRW Vehicle Safety Systems Inc.
0.05
0.3
169 U Haul Intl. Technical Center
7.82
50.2
174 W. R. Meadows of AZ Inc.
166.61
2,982.5
420.79
4,944.62
Total, Miscellaneous Surface Coating:
TOTAL SURFACE COATING:
1,831.86
15,771.8
TOTAL, ALL POINT SOURCES:
4,095.77 3,521.55 1,822.90 30,727.8 25,938.4 12,130.3

2.5

Emission reduction credits

A major source or major modification planned in a nonattainment area must obtain emissions
reductions as a condition for approval. These emissions reductions, generally obtained from
existing sources located in the vicinity of a proposed source, must offset the emissions increase
from the new source or modification. The obvious purpose of acquiring offsetting emissions
decreases is to allow an area to move towards attainment of the national ambient air quality
standards while still allowing some industrial growth.
Table 2.5–1 provides a list of emission reduction credits for VOC, NOx, and CO. Two facilities
shut down their equipment prior to 2002 and requested that their emissions continue to be listed
in the emission inventory for possible future use as emission reduction credits. A third facility
shut down operations in 2002 and received a credit generation certificate for their emissions from
the Arizona Emissions Bank.

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

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Maricopa County, AZ

In order for these emission reductions to be available in the future for offsetting, they must be: 1)
explicitly included and quantified as growth in projection year inventories required in rate of
progress plans or attainment demonstrations that were based on 1990 actual inventories, and 2)
meet the requirements outlined in MCESD Rule 240 (Permit Requirements for New Major
Sources and Major Modification to Existing Major Sources).
Table 2.5–1. Emission reduction credits.
Facility
Anderson Clayton Oilseed Plant
Motorola (Mesa)
The Scottsdale Princess Cogeneration Partnership
Totals:

2.6

Emission reduction credits (tons)
VOC
NOx
CO
113.93
6.4
2.28
19
12
17
3.99
98.19
12.95
136.92
116.59
32.23

Summary of point source emissions

Table 2.6–1 provides an overview of source category contributions to total point source
emissions.
Table 2.6–1. Summary of annual and ozone season-day point source emissions, by source category.
Annual emissions
Ozone season-day emissions
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Source category
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Electricity generation
69.07 2,783.19 1,058.25
495.6 20,778.6
7,231.3
Commercial/institutional fuel combustion
6.99 103.90
45.63
62.0
877.3
273.9
Industrial fuel combustion
43.99 481.08 426.44
335.3
3,322.8
2,773.6
Food/agriculture
98.76
674.7
Industrial processes
35.21
60.74
82.07
211.3
342.0
565.5
Manufacturing processes
1,013.62
65.13 146.12
7,225.9
464.8
928.3
Petroleum product storage
19.74
126.4
Petroleum product transportation/marketing
550.34
2,948.7
Waste disposal
40.79
27.51
64.40
236.4
152.8
357.8
Health services
17.94
98.6
Solvent use
367.47
2,541.0
Surface coating
1,831.86
15,771.8
All point sources:
4,095.77 3,521.55 1,822.90 30,727.8 25,938.4 12,130.3

2.7

Quality assurance / quality control procedures

2.7.1

Emission survey preparation and data collection

The MCESD's Emissions Inventory (EI) Unit annually collects point source criteria pollutant
emission data from sources in the county. MCESD annually reviews EPA guidance, documents
from the Emission Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP), and other source materials to ensure
that the most current emission factors and emission calculation methods are used for each year's
survey. Each January, the EI Unit prepares a pre-populated hard copy of the preceding year’s
submissions and mails reporting forms to permitted sources, along with detailed instructions for
completing the forms. (A copy of these instructions is included as Appendix 2.1). The EI Unit
asks sources to verify and update the data. The EI Unit also holds weekly workshops from
January through April to assist businesses in completing EI forms.

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

40

Maricopa County, AZ

The general data flow for data collection and inventory preparation is shown in Figure 2.7–1.

Figure 2.7–1. Data flow for annual point source emission inventory reporting.

EI Reporting
Forms
• Hard Copy Forms/
Instructions
• Instruction on Web

EI Reporting
Forms

Log In EI
reports/ Issue
Receipts

Data Entry

EMS

Issue NOVs for
late submitters

•
•
•

Code/field check
Range checks
Referential value checks

Create
Inventory files

Automated QA checks

Technical QA/
QC

Using completed survey data

Finalized Inventory
Data
Reconciliation

2.7.2

Submission processing

Submitted EI reports are logged in as they are received, and receipts are issued for emissions fees
paid. The data are input “as received” into the department's data base. During data entry,
numerous automated quality control (QC) checks are performed, including:
•
•
•
•
•

pull-down menus to minimize data entry errors (e.g., city, pollutant, emission factor unit,
etc.)
mandatory data field requirement checks (e.g., a warning screen appears if a user tries to
save an emission record with a missing emission factor).
range checks (e.g., were valid SCC, Tier, SIC, and NAICS codes entered?)
referential value checks (e.g., emission factor units, annual throughput units)
automatic formatting of date, time, telephone number fields, etc.

Automated quality assurance (QA) checks on the report that has been entered include the
following:

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

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Maricopa County, AZ

•
•
•
•

Comparing reported emission factors to SCC reference lists
Comparing reported emission factors to material name reference list
Checking the report for calculation errors. This includes annual throughput, emission
factors, unit conversion factors (e.g., BTU to therms), capture efficiency, primary /
secondary control device efficiency, and any offsite recycling credits claimed.
Checking the report for completeness of required data.

When data entry is complete, an electronic version of the original data is preserved separately to
document changes made during the technical review and QA/QC process.
When errors are flagged, the businesses are contacted and correct information is obtained and
input to the EMS. Outstanding reporting issues are documented. Confidential business
information (CBI) is identified by a checkbox on the form, and these data elements are flagged
during data entry and are not transmitted to the EPA. To prepare the inventory for submittal to
the National Emissions Inventory (NEI), the EI Unit runs Microsoft Access queries on the data in
the EMS to pull fields for the NEI Input format (NIF) tables.

2.7.3

Analysis of annual point source emissions data for this inventory

Two environmental planners checked inventory accuracy and reasonableness, and assured that
all point sources had been identified and that the methodology applied to calculate emissions was
appropriate and that the calculations were correct. Other reasonableness checks were conducted
by recalculating emissions using methods other than those used to make the initial emissions
calculations and then comparing results. QA was conducted by checking all emissions reports
submitted to MCESD for the year 2002 for missing and questionable data and by checking the
accuracy and reasonableness of all emissions calculations made for such reports. Notes
concerning follow-up calls and corrections to calculations were documented on each 2002 annual
emissions report.
The QA point source coordinator reviewed checked calculations, identified errors, and
performed completeness, reasonableness and accuracy checks.

2.8

References

US EPA, 1992. Guidelines for Estimating and Applying Rule Effectiveness for Ozone/CO State
Implementation Plan Base Year Inventories. USEPA Office of Air Quality Planning and
Standards, Research Triangle Park, NC. Rep. EPA-452/R-92-010, November 1992.
Available at: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/old/eidocs/ 454r92010_nov1992.pdf.
US EPA, 2003a. 2002 National Emission Inventory (NEI) Preparation Plan (draft). USEPA
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park, NC, Dec. 19, 2003.
Available at: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/ chief/net/2002inventory.html.
US EPA, 2003b. Emissions Inventory Guidance for Implementation of Ozone and Particulate
Matter National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and Regional Haze Regulations.
USEPA Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park, NC. Draft
Rep. June 2003. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ eidocs/eiguid/.

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

42

Maricopa County, AZ

3.

Area Sources

3.1

Scope and methodology

This chapter considers all stationary sources which are too small or too numerous to be treated as
point sources. US EPA guidance documents, including “Introduction to Area Source Inventory
Development” (US EPA, 2001c) as well as permit and emissions data in the MCESD’s Environmental Management System (EMS) database, and previous SIP inventories, were evaluated to
develop the list of area source categories for inclusion. Some source categories were deemed
“insignificant” because there are no large production facilities and/or very few small sources, and
therefore emissions were not quantified. MCESD prepared the area source emission estimates
for all area sources and provided quality assurance checks on all data. Table 3.1–1 contains a list
of all area source categories, with Source Classification Codes (SCCs), addressed in this chapter.
Table 3.1–1. List of area source categories.
AMS code
Area source description
Fuel combustion:
2102006000
Industrial natural gas
2102004000
Industrial fuel oil
2103006000
Commercial/institutional natural gas
2103004000
Commercial/institutional fuel oil
2104006000
Residential natural gas
2104008000
Residential wood
2104004000
Residential fuel oil

Section
3.2.1
3.2.2
3.2.3
3.2.4
3.2.5
3.2.6
3.2.7

2399000000

Industrial processes:
Chemical manufacturing
Food and kindred products
Commercial Cooking
Bakeries
Secondary metal production
Non-metallic mineral processes
Rubber/plastics manufacturing
Fabricated metal products manufacturing
Electrical equipment manufacturing
State-permitted portable sources
Industrial processes not elsewhere classified

3.3.1
3.3.2
3.3.2.1
3.3.2.2
3.3.3
3.3.4
3.3.5
3.3.6
3.3.7
3.3.8
3.3.9

2401001000
2401005000
2401008000
2401015000
2401020000
2401075000
2401090000
2415000000
2420000000
2425000000
2440000000
2461850000
2460000000
2461020000

Solvent use:
Architectural coatings
Auto refinishing
Traffic markings
Factory-finished wood
Wood furniture
Aircraft
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Degreasing
Dry cleaning
Graphic arts
Miscellaneous industrial solvent use
Pesticide application: agricultural
Consumer and commercial solvent use
Asphalt application

3.4.1.1
3.4.1.2
3.4.1.3
3.4.1.4
3.4.1.5
3.4.1.6
3.4.1.7
3.4.2
3.4.3
3.4.4
3.4.5
3.4.6
3.4.7
3.4.8

2301000000
2302002000
2302050000
2304000000
2305000000
2308000000
2309000000
2312000000

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

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Maricopa County, AZ

Table 3.1–1. List of area source categories (continued).
AMS code
Area source description
Storage and transport:
2501050120
Bulk plants/terminals
2510000000
Volatile organic liquid (VOL) storage and transport
2501060050
Petroleum tanker truck fuel delivery
2505030120
Petroleum tanker trucks in transit
2501060201
Service stations, breathing/emptying
2501060100
Vehicle refueling
Summary of all storage and transport
Waste treatment and disposal
2601000000
On-site incineration
2610000000
Open burning
2620000000
Landfills
2630000000
Publicly owned treatment works (POTWs)
2650000000
Other industrial waste and disposal

2810001000
2810030000
2810050000
2810040000
2850000000
2601020000
2830000000

Miscellaneous area sources:
Other combustion
Wildfires and brush fires
Structure fires
Vehicle fires
Engine testing
Hospitals
Crematories
Accidental releases

Section
3.5.1
3.5.2
3.5.3
3.5.4
3.5.5
3.5.6
3.5.7
3.6
3.6.1
3.6.2
3.6.3
3.6.4
3.6.5

3.7.1
3.7.1.1
3.7.1.2
3.7.1.3
3.7.1.4
3.7.2.1
3.7.2.2
3.7.3

For nearly all categories, emissions were calculated in one of the following ways:
• emissions estimates for some categories were developed by conducting surveys on local
usage (e.g., natural gas consumption, pesticide usage) or derived from state-wide data
(e.g., fuel oil use).
• for some widespread or diverse categories (e.g., consumer solvent use), emissions were
calculated using published per-capita or per-employee emission factors.
• for source categories with some information available from annual emissions reports
(e.g., bakeries), these data were combined with employment data to “scale up” reported
emissions to reflect the entire source category.
• for those source categories with detailed emissions data available from most or all
significant sources in the category, emissions were calculated based on detailed process
and operational data provided by these sources.
The specific emissions estimation methodologies used for each source category (including any
application of rule effectiveness) are described in greater detail in the respective sections.

3.2

Fuel combustion

Area source emissions for the following seven categories of fuel consumption were calculated:
Industrial natural gas, industrial fuel oil, commercial/institutional natural gas, commercial
institutional fuel oil, residential natural gas, residential wood, and residential fuel oil. Data for
emissions calculations from natural gas combustion came from a survey of the four natural gas
suppliers in Maricopa County. The following table summarizes the natural gas sales data
received from Maricopa County natural gas suppliers.
2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

44

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 3.2–1. Natural gas sales data from Maricopa County natural gas suppliers.
Sales by end user category (in MMCF/yr)
Natural gas
Electric
Commercial/
supplier
Utilities
Industrial
Institutional
Residential
Transport*
Southwest Gas
n/a
3,092.760
13,774.986
14,842.508
3,802.155
City of Mesa
80.169
386.692
1,486.877
1,112.936
59.924
El Paso
58,334.169
161.429
n/a
n/a
n/a
Black Mountain
n/a
n/a
142.561
464.084
n/a
* For emissions calculations, sales from these two categories were grouped with industrial sales.

Other*
1,977.644
n/a
n/a
n/a

Area source emissions for wood and fuel oil combustion were calculated from Arizona statelevel sales and consumption data as described in the following subsections. Area source
emissions from coal and liquid petroleum gas were not calculated as emissions from these
categories were determined to be insignificant.

3.2.1

Industrial natural gas

All natural gas suppliers in Maricopa County were surveyed to gather information on the volume
of natural gas distributed, by user category, within the county in 2002. Area source industrial
natural gas usage for the county is based on the reported total volume of natural gas sold to
industrial sources, minus natural gas used by industrial point sources:
Area source industrial
natural gas usage

= Reported industrial
natural gas sales
= 9,480.60 MMCF
= 1,551.23 MMCF

– Industrial point source
natural gas usage
– 7,929.38 MMCF

Natural gas is used for both external combustions (boilers, heaters) and internal combustion
(generators), each of which have different emission factors. Thus the area source natural gas
usage derived above must be apportioned between these two categories. This apportionment was
based on the percentages of external and internal natural gas combustion reported by all
industrial area sources in 2002, as shown below.
Annual emissions for the county are calculated by multiplying natural gas usage by the
respective AP-42 emission factors for external and internal combustion (US EPA, 1998), as in
this example for VOC emissions from external natural gas combustion:
Annual VOC emissions = External industrial natural × VOC emission factor for ÷ 2,000 lbs/ton
from external natural gas
gas usage (MMCF)
external natural gas comcombustion
bustion (lb/MMCF)
= 1,527.09
× 5.5
÷ 2,000
= 4.20 tons VOC/yr
Table 3.2–2. Emission factors and annual emissions from area-source industrial natural gas combustion, by
combustion type.
Combustion
% of
Natural gas usage Emission factors (lb/MMCF) Annual emissions (tons/yr)
type
total
(MMCF)
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
External
98.44
1,527.09
5.5
100
84
4.20
76.35 64.14
Internal
1.56
24.14
116
2840
399
1.40
34.27
4.82
Totals:
100.00
1,551.23
5.60
110.63 68.95
2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

45

Maricopa County, AZ

Season-day emissions for the county are calculated by first multiplying annual emissions by the
percentage of industrial natural gas sold used during the ozone season. (Figures reported by
natural gas suppliers for the June–August time period are assumed to be representative for the
July–September ozone season.) Ozone season emission totals are then divided by the number of
days that activity occurs during the ozone season:
Ozone season-day
= Annual VOC
VOC emissions from emissions (tons/yr)
industrial natural gas
= 5.60
= 33.9 lbs/day

× % natural gas sold ÷ (days/week × wks/season) × 2,000 lbs/ton
during ozone season
× 23.62%

÷ (6 × 13)

× 2000

Annual and season-day emissions within the ozone nonattainment area are calculated by
applying the ratio of industrial employment in the nonattainment area to county-level emission
calculations. (See section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the employment data used).
VOC emissions from area source
industrial natural gas combustion
in the ozone NAA

= Annual county VOC × NAA:County industrial employment ratio
emissions (tons/yr)
= 5.60
= 5.49 tons VOC/yr

× 0.9809

Table 3.2–3. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source industrial natural gas combustion.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Maricopa County
5.60
110.63
68.95
33.9
670.0
417.6
Ozone NAA
5.49
108.52
67.64
33.3
657.2
409.6

3.2.2

Industrial fuel oil

Area source emissions from industrial fuel oil combustion are calculated by a multi-step process
of allocating Arizona state-level industrial fuel oil sales as reported by the US Department of
Energy, Energy Information Administration (EIA, 2002) to Maricopa County.
To derive industrial fuel oil usage in Maricopa County, reported Arizona state-level sales of
high-sulfur diesel for 2002 are first subtracted from Arizona state-level total industrial fuel oil
sales, as it is presumed that no high-sulfur diesel fuel is used in Maricopa County due to local air
quality regulations and market conditions.
State industrial fuel oil sales
other than high-sulfur diesel
(in thousand gallons, or Mgal)

= Reported state total
– Reported state high-sulfur diesel sales
industrial fuel oil sales
= 61,748 Mgal
= 27,672 Mgal/yr

– 34,076 Mgal

Arizona state industrial fuel oil sales (less high-sulfur diesel fuel) are then multiplied by the ratio
of industrial employment in Maricopa County to Arizona state (0.71), as determined by data
from the US Census Bureau (2003b) to estimate annual Maricopa County-level industrial fuel oil
sales, as follows:

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

46

Maricopa County, AZ

Maricopa County
= Arizona state industrial fuel
× Maricopa County:state
industrial fuel oil sales
oil sales less high-sulfur diesel
industrial employment ratio
= 27,672 Mgal
× 0.71
= 19,647.12 Mgal/yr

To avoid double-counting, industrial fuel oil use attributable to stationary point sources
(addressed in Chapter 2) and nonroad mobile sources (addressed in Chapter 4) are subtracted
from County industrial fuel oil sales to estimate county fuel oil usage by area sources.
Annual Maricopa County
industrial area source
fuel oil sales

= Maricopa County
– Fuel oil used by industrial – Fuel oil used by industrial
industrial fuel oil sales
nonroad mobile equipment
stationary point sources
= 19,647.12 Mgal
= 10,260.097 Mgal/yr

– 7,365.927 Mgal

– 2,021.10 Mgal

Industrial fuel oil is used for both external combustions (boilers, heaters) and internal combustion (generators), each of which have different emission factors. Thus the area source
industrial fuel oil sales derived above must be apportioned between these two categories. This
apportionment was based on the percentages of external and internal fuel oil combustion
reported by all industrial area sources surveyed by MCESD in 2002 (shown in Table 3.2–4
below).
County-level annual emissions from this area source category were calculated by multiplying
industrial fuel oil sales by the respective AP-42 emission factors for external and internal
combustion, as in this example for VOC emissions from external industrial fuel oil combustion:
Annual CO emissions
= External industrial fuel
from external industrial
oil sales (Mgal)
fuel oil combustion
= 8,003.949
= 0.80 tons CO/yr

× CO emission factor for external ÷ 2,000 lb/ton
fuel oil combustion (lb/Mgal)
× 0.2

÷ 2,000

Table 3.2–4. Emission factors and annual emissions from area-source industrial fuel oil combustion by
combustion type.
Emission factors (lb/MMCF) Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Combustion
% of
Annual fuel oil
type
total
sales (Mgals)
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
External
78.01
8,003.949
0.2
24
5
0.80
96.05
20.01
Internal
21.99
2,256.147
49.3
604
130
55.61
681.36 146.65
Totals:
100.00
10,260.097
56.41
777.40 166.66

Season-day emissions for the county are calculated by first multiplying annual emissions by 25%
to estimate ozone season totals. Ozone season emission totals are then divided by the number of
days that activity occurs during the ozone season as recommended by EIIP guidance (US EPA,
2001c).
Ozone season-day
= Annual VOC
VOC emissions from emissions (tons/yr)
industrial fuel oil
= 56.41
= 361.6 lbs/day

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

× % fuel oil sold
÷ (days/week × wks/season) × 2,000 lbs/ton
during ozone season
× 25%

÷ (6 × 13)

47

× 2000

Maricopa County, AZ

Annual and season-day emissions within the ozone nonattainment area are calculated by
applying the ratio of industrial employment in the nonattainment area to county-level emission
calculations. (See section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the employment data used).
Ozone NAA emissions from area
source industrial fuel oil combustion

= Annual county VOC
emissions (tons/yr)
= 56.41
= 55.34 tons VOC/yr

× NAA:County industrial employment ratio
× 0.9809

Table 3.2–5. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source industrial fuel oil combustion.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
County
56.41
777.40
166.66
361.6
4,983.4
1,068.3
Ozone NAA
55.34
762.56
163.48
354.7
4,888.2
1,047.9

3.2.3

Commercial/institutional natural gas

All natural gas suppliers in Maricopa County were surveyed to gather information on the volume
of natural gas distributed, by user category, within the county in 2002. Area source commercial
and institutional natural gas usage for the county is based on the reported total volume of natural
gas sold to commercial and institutional (C&I) sources, minus natural gas used by C&I point
sources:
County area source C&I = Reported C&I natural gas sales – C&I point source natural gas usage
natural gas usage
= 15,404.42 MMCF
– 725.35 MMCF
= 14,679.07 MMCF

Natural gas is used for both external combustions (boilers, heaters) and internal combustion
(generators), each of which have different emission factors. Thus the area source natural gas
usage derived above must be apportioned between these two categories. This apportionment was
based on the percentages of external and internal natural gas combustion reported by all C&I
area sources in 2002.
Annual emissions for the county are calculated by multiplying natural gas usage by the
respective AP-42 emission factors for external and internal combustion (US EPA, 1998), as in
this example for VOC emissions from external natural gas combustion:
Annual VOC emissions = External C&I natural
from external natural gas
gas usage (MMCF)
combustion
= 14,434.79
= 39.70 tons VOC/yr

× VOC emission factor for ÷ 2,000 lb/ton
external natural gas combustion (lb/MMCF)
× 5.5
÷ 2,000

Table 3.2–6. Emission factors and annual emissions from area-source commercial/institutional natural gas
combustion by combustion type.
Combustion
% of
C&I natural gas Emission factors (lb/MMCF) Annual emissions (tons/yr)
type
total
usage (MMCF)
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
External
98.34
14,434.79
5.5
100
84
39.70
721.74
606.26
Internal
1.66
244.29
116
2840
399
14.17
346.89
48.74
Totals:
100.00
14,679.07
53.86 1,068.83
655.00
2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

48

Maricopa County, AZ

Season-day emissions for the county are calculated by first multiplying annual emissions by the
percentage of C&I natural gas sold used during the ozone season. (Figures reported by natural
gas suppliers for the June–August time period are assumed to be representative for the July–
September ozone season.) Ozone season emission totals are then divided by the number of days
that activity occurs during the ozone season:
Ozone season-day
= Annual VOC
× % natural gas sold
÷ (days/week × wks/season) × 2,000 lbs/ton
VOC emissions from emissions (tons/yr)
during ozone season
C&I natural gas
= 53.86
× 20.38%
÷ (6 × 13)
× 2000
= 281.5 lbs/day

Annual and season-day emissions within the ozone nonattainment area are calculated by
applying the combined ratio of retail, office, public and other employment in the nonattainment
area to county-level emission calculations. (See section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the employment
data used).
VOC emissions from area source
C&I natural gas combustion
in the ozone NAA

= Annual county VOC × NAA:County C&I employment ratio
emissions (tons/yr)
= 53.86
= 52.94 tons VOC/yr

× 0.9829

Table 3.2–7. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source commercial/institutional natural gas
combustion.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
County
53.86
1,068.63
655.00
281.5
5,585.3
3,423.4
Ozone NAA
52.94
1,050.35
643.80
276.7
5,489.8
3,364.9

3.2.4

Commercial/institutional fuel oil

Area source emissions from commercial and institutional (C&I) fuel oil combustion are calculated by a multi-step process of allocating Arizona state-level C&I fuel oil sales as reported by
the US Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration (US DOE, 2002) to Maricopa
County.
To derive commercial/institutional fuel oil usage in Maricopa County, reported Arizona statelevel sales of high-sulfur diesel for 2002 are first subtracted from Arizona state-level total
commercial/institutional fuel oil sales, as it is presumed that no high-sulfur diesel fuel is used in
Maricopa County due to local air quality regulations and market conditions.
State C&I fuel oil sales
other than high-sulfur diesel
(in thousand gallons, or Mgal)

= Reported state total
C&I fuel oil sales
= 30,077 Mgal
= 30,006 Mgal/yr

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

– Reported state high-sulfur diesel sales
– 71 Mgal

49

Maricopa County, AZ

Arizona state commercial/institutional fuel oil sales (less high-sulfur diesel fuel) are then
multiplied by the ratio of C&I employment in Maricopa County to Arizona state (0.71), as
determined by data from the US Census Bureau (2003b) to estimate annual Maricopa Countylevel commercial/institutional fuel oil sales, as follows:
Maricopa County
C&I fuel oil sales

= Arizona state C&I fuel
× Maricopa County:state commercial/
oil sales less high-sulfur diesel
institutional employment ratio
= 30,006 Mgal
× 0.71
= 21,304.26 Mgal/yr

To avoid double-counting, C&I fuel oil use attributable to stationary point sources (addressed in
Chapter 2) and nonroad mobile sources (addressed in Chapter 4) are subtracted from County
C&I fuel oil sales to estimate county fuel oil usage used by area sources:
Annual Maricopa County
commercial/institutional
area source fuel oil sales

= Maricopa County
C&I fuel oil sales

– Fuel oil used by C&I
– Fuel oil used by C&I
nonroad mobile equipment
stationary point sources

= 21,304.26 Mgal
= 16,677.614 Mgal/yr

– 4,435.974 Mgal

– 190.672 Mgal

Fuel oil is used for both external combustions (boilers, heaters) and internal combustion
(generators), each of which have different emission factors. Thus the area source C&I fuel oil
sales derived above must be apportioned between these two categories. This apportionment was
based on the percentages of external and internal fuel oil combustion reported by all
commercial/institutional area sources surveyed by MCESD in 2002 (shown in Table 3.2–8
below).
Annual emissions for the county are calculated by multiplying C&I fuel oil sales by the
respective AP-42 emission factors for external and internal combustion, as in this example for
VOC emissions from external fuel oil combustion:
Annual VOC emissions = External C&I fuel oil × VOC emission factor for external
from external fuel oil
usage (Mgal)
fuel oil combustion (lb/Mgal)
= 11,165.542
× 0.34
= 1.90 tons VOC/yr

÷ 2,000 lb/ton
÷ 2,000

Table 3.2–8. Emission factors and annual emissions from area-source commercial/institutional fuel oil
combustion, by combustion type.
Emission factors (lb/MMCF) Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Combustion
% of
Annual fuel oil
type
total
sales (Mgal)
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
External
66.95
11,165.542
0.34
24
5
1.90
133.99
27.91
Internal
33.05
5,512.073
49.3
604
130
135.87 1,664.65 358.28
Totals:
100.00
16,677.614
137.77 1,798.63 386.20

Season-day emissions for the county are calculated by first multiplying annual emissions by 15%
to estimate ozone season totals. Ozone season emission totals are then divided by the number of
days that activity occurs during the ozone season, as recommended by EIIP guidance (US EPA,
2001c):

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

50

Maricopa County, AZ

Ozone season-day
= Annual VOC
VOC emissions from emissions (tons/yr)
C&I fuel oil
= 137.77
= 529.9 lbs/day

× % fuel oil sold
÷ (days/week × wks/season) × 2,000 lbs/ton
during ozone season
× 15%

÷ (6 × 13)

× 2000

Annual and season-day emissions within the ozone nonattainment area are calculated by
applying the combined ratio of retail, office, public and other employment in the nonattainment
area to county-level emission calculations. (See section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the employment
data used).
Ozone NAA emissions from area
source C&I fuel oil combustion

= Annual county VOC
emissions (tons/yr)

× NAA:County commercial/institutional
employment ratio

= 137.77
= 135.41 tons VOC/yr

× 0.9829

Table 3.2–9. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source commercial/institutional fuel oil
combustion.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
County
137.77
1,798.63
386.20
529.9
6,917.8
1,485.4
Ozone NAA
135.41
1,767.88
379.59
520.8
6,799.5
1,460.0

3.2.5

Residential natural gas

All natural gas suppliers in Maricopa County were surveyed to gather information on the volume
of natural gas sold, by user category, within the county. Annual emissions from residential
natural gas combustion emissions were calculated by multiplying residential natural gas sales by
emission factors for residential natural gas combustion summarized in the table below (US EPA,
1998), as follows:
Table 3.2–10. Residential natural gas combustion emission factors ( in lb/MMCF).
VOC
NOx
CO
5.5
94
40
Annual VOC emissions = Residential natural × Residential natural gas ÷ 2,000 lbs/ton
from residential natural
gas annual sales
emission factor for VOC
gas combustion
(MMCF)
(lbs/MMCF)
= 16,419.53
× 5.5
÷ 2,000
= 45.15 tons VOC/yr

Ozone season-day emissions are calculated by first multiplying reported natural gas usage during
the ozone season (2,390.68 MMCF) by the AP-42 emission factors for residential natural gas
combustion to produce ozone season emissions. (Natural gas usage reported for the months of
June–August are assumed to represent ozone season usage). Ozone season emissions are then
divided by days during the ozone season that residential natural gas combustion occurs (US
EPA, 2001c).

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

51

Maricopa County, AZ

Season-day VOC emis- =
sions from residential
natural gas combustion
=
=

Residential natural × Residential natural gas ÷ (days/week × weeks/season)
gas seasonal sales
emission factor for VOC
(MMCF)
(lbs/MMCF)
2,390.68
× 5.5
÷ (7 × 13)
144.5 lbs VOC/day

Annual and season-day residential natural gas emissions in the ozone nonattainment area are
calculated by multiplying county-level emissions by the percentage of total occupied households
(98.18%) in the ozone nonattainment area as follows:
Annual emissions from
residential natural gas
combustion in the NAA

= County annual emissions × Percentage of occupied households in the NAA

= 45.15 tons/yr
= 44.33 tons VOC/yr

× 98.18%

Table 3.2–11. Annual and season-day emissions from residential natural gas combustion.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Maricopa County
45.15
771.72
328.39
144.5
2,469.4
1,050.8
Ozone NAA
44.33
757.67
322.41
141.9
2,424.4
1,031.7

3.2.6

Residential wood combustion

Area source emissions from residential wood combustion are calculated based on the amount of
wood burned in fireplaces and woodstoves in Maricopa County, as recommended by EIIP
guidance (US EPA, 2001g). Residential wood combustion in the county is estimated by
multiplying data on statewide residential wood combustion usage from the US Department of
Energy (US DOE, 2003) by the ratio of county to state households that report use of wood for
heating from the US Census Bureau (2003c). The latest available data on residential wood use
for household heating from the US Census Bureau is for the calendar year 2000. Since all
fireplaces in homes constructed since 1999 are required by Arizona statute to be clean-burning, it
is assumed that these new homes have negligible emissions. Thus, year 2000 data is assumed to
be representative of 2002 emissions.
Maricopa County residential = Arizona residential × Ratio of county:state households
wood usage (cords/yr)
wood usage (cords/yr) using wood for heat
= 491,000
× 1,655 / 39,842
= 20,396 cords/yr

To calculate emissions, the amount of wood used is converted to tons by multiplying cords by
the number of cubic feet of wood in a cord and by the density of the wood used (US EPA,
2001g). Wood density is determined by weighted average of types of wood used for residential
combustion in Maricopa County, provided by the US Forest Service (USFS, 1993).
County residential
= County wood × avg. ft3 wood/cord × Wood density (lbs/ ft3) ÷ 2,000 lbs/ton
wood usage (tons/yr)
usage (cords)
= 20,396
× 79
× 31.57
÷ 2,000
= 25,433.73 tons

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

52

Maricopa County, AZ

Annual emissions from residential wood combustion are calculated by multiplying the tons of
wood used by the emission factor for residential total woodstoves and fireplaces from EIIP
Volume III, Chapter 2, Table 2.4-1 (US EPA, 2001g):
Annual VOC emissions from resi- = Residential
× VOC emission factor (lbs/ton) ÷ 2,000 lbs/ton
dential wood combustion (tons/yr)
wood usage (tons)
= 25,433.73
× 229.0
÷ 2,000
= 2,912.16 tons VOC/yr
Table 3.2–12. Annual wood usage, emission factors, and annual emissions from residential wood combustion.
Emission factors (lb/ton)
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Residential wood
usage (tons)
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
25,433.73
229.0
2.6
252.6
2,912.16
33.06
3,212.28

Season-day emissions are calculated by apportioning wood burning activity based on heating
degree days (i.e., the number of degrees per day that the daily average temperature is below
65°F). Data provided by Arizona State University (2003) indicated that there were no heating
degree days reported during the 2002 ozone season (July–September). Thus ozone season-day
emissions from residential wood combustion are assumed to be zero.
Annual and season-day emissions within the ozone nonattainment area (NAA) are calculated by
multiplying county totals by the ratio of total occupied housing units inside the nonattainment
area (1,337,099) to total residential housing units in the county (1,361,837). See Section 1.5.1
for a further discussion of the housing data used.
NAA annual emissions = County annual emissions
from residential wood
(tons/yr)
combustion (tons/yr)
= 2,912.16
= 2,859.16 tons VOC/yr

× NAA:county residential housing ratio

× 0.9818

Table 3.2–13 summarizes and annual and ozone season-day emissions from residential wood
combustion for both the county and the ozone nonattainment area.
Table 3.2–13. Annual and season-day emissions from residential wood combustion.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
County
2,912.16
33.06
3,212.28
0.0
0.0
0.0
Ozone NAA
2,859.16
32.46
3,153.82
0.0
0.0
0.0

3.2.7

Residential fuel oil

Emissions from residential fuel oil use were calculated using an approach similar to that used for
residential wood combustion described in Section 3.2.6. County-level residential fuel oil use
was derived from statewide totals using the ratio of county to state households that report fuel oil
use from the US Census Bureau (2003b):

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

53

Maricopa County, AZ

Maricopa County residential = Arizona residential × Ratio of county:state households
fuel oil usage (Mgal/yr)
fuel oil use (Mgal/yr)
reporting fuel oil use
= 340
× 490 / 1,813
= 91.89 Mgal/yr

Using an AP-42 emission factors, and data on heating degree days and residential housing units
described in Section 3.2.6, annual and daily emissions were calculated as shown in Table 3.2–14.
Table 3.2–14. Emission factors, annual and season-day emissions from residential fuel oil combustion.
Emission factors
Annual emission
Season-day emissions
(lb/Mgal)
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Maricopa County
0.713
18.0
5.0
0.03
0.83
0.23
0.0
0.0
0.0
Ozone NAA
0.713
18.0
5.0
0.03
0.81
0.23
0.0
0.0
0.0

3.2.8

Summary of all area source fuel combustion

Table 3.2–15. Summary of annual and season-day area source fuel combustion.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Maricopa County
3,211.00 4,560.90 4,817.71 1,351.4 20,625.8 7,445.5
Ozone NAA
3,152.71 4,480.24 4,730.96 1,327.4 20,259.1 7,314.1

3.3

Industrial processes

3.3.1

Chemical manufacturing

Emissions from area-source chemical manufacturing were calculated by the “scaling up” method
as described in EPA emission inventory guidance (US EPA, 2001c). This method combines
detailed emissions data from a subset of sources, and county-level employment data from the US
Census Bureau (2003b) to develop a per-employee emission factor that is then used to estimate
emissions from all sources in an industry category.
The most recent data from the US Census’ County Business Patterns (CBP) for 2001
employment, were used. Where CBP employment estimates were presented as a range, the
midpoint values was chosen for these calculations. Table 3.3–1 shows the NAICS codes and
employment data used to calculate emissions from chemical manufacturing.
Table 3.3–1. NAICS codes and descriptions for chemical manufacturing.
NAICS
US Census
Code
employment data
Description
32551 Paint & coating manufacturing
100–249
32591 Printing ink manufacturing
20–99
422910 Farm supplies, wholesale
298
325991 Custom compounding of purchased resin
100–249
325998 All other misc. chemical product & prep. manufacturing
316
325188 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing
100–249
325412 Pharmaceutical manufacturing.
500–999
Total:

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

54

Value
used
175
60
298
175
316
175
750
1,949

Maricopa County, AZ

Some facilities in this category are considered point sources, and have been addressed in Chapter
2. To avoid double-counting, employment at point sources is subtracted from total employment
as follows:
Total area-source
employment in
chemical mfg.

= Total employment (from US
– Employment at point sources
Census’ County Business Patterns)
(from annual emission reports)
= 1,949

– 191

= 1,758 employees

This area-source employment estimate is used to “scale up” emissions reported from those
facilities surveyed in 2002 as follows:
Total area-source = Emissions from surveyed area sources × Total area-source employment
emissions
Employment at surveyed area sources
Area-source VOC =
6.28 tons/yr
emissions from
744 employees
chemical mfg.
= 14.84 tons VOC/yr

× 1,758 employees

Ozone season-day emissions are calculated based on the operating schedule data reported by
chemical manufacturing facilities. From annual emission surveys, the modal values were
identified for two items: days/week and seasonal activity as a percentage of annual activity. This
data was used to calculate typical season-day emissions as follows:
Season-day VOC
emissions from
chemical mfg.

= Annual emissions (tons/yr) × season %
Days/week × Weeks/season

× 2,000 lbs
ton

=

× 2,000

=

14.84 × 25%
5 × 13
114.2 lbs VOC/day

Annual and season-day emissions for the ozone nonattainment area were calculated by
multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals by the percentage industrial employment
within the nonattainment area. See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the employment data used.
VOC emissions from
= Annual Maricopa County
area-source chemical mfg.
emissions
in the ozone NAA (tons/yr)
= 14.84 tons/yr
= 14.56 tons VOC/yr

× NAA:County ratio of
industrial employment
× 98.09%

Table 3.3–2 summarizes annual and season-day emissions from chemical manufacturing in both
Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area.

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

55

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 3.3–2. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source chemical manufacturing.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Maricopa County
14.84
1.08
0.07
114.2
8.3
0.5
Ozone NAA
14.56
1.06
0.07
112.0
8.2
0.5

3.3.2

Food and kindred products

3.3.2.1 Commercial cooking
Emissions from commercial cooking were estimated for five source categories based on equipment type. These equipment types include: chain-driven (conveyorized) charbroilers (SCC
2302002100), under-fired charbroilers (2302002200), flat griddles (2302003100), clamshell
griddles (2302003200), and deep-fat fryers (2302003000). Emission inventory methods outlined
in EPA guidance (US EPA, 2004) for these source categories include emissions from all meat
types (hamburger, steak, fish, pork, and chicken) and five restaurant types (ethnic, fast food,
family, seafood, and steak & barbeque).
Data obtained from MCESD’s eating and drinking establishments permit database indicated that
9,038 restaurants operated in Maricopa County in 2002. The percent of restaurants in Maricopa
County for the five restaurant types was obtained from a commercial business database (Harris
InfoSource, 2003). The percent of restaurants for each restaurant type was multiplied by the total
number of restaurants operated in Maricopa County in 2002 to derive the number of restaurants
for each restaurant type as shown in Table 3.3–3.
Table 3.3–3. Maricopa County restaurants by type.
Restaurant category
Percentage
# of restaurants
Ethnic food
14.47
1,308
Fast food
15.35
329
Family
3.64
1,387
Seafood
0.61
55
Steak & barbecue
1.15
104
Unrelated restaurant types
(e.g., lunchroom, bars)
64.79
5,856
All restaurants
100.00
9,038

Using the number of restaurants for each restaurant type, along with the default emission factors
and equations from US EPA (2004), emissions for each combination of equipment type,
restaurant type, and meat type were calculated, and the results were summed to estimate annual
emissions for each type of cooking equipment, as shown in Table 3.3–4.
Table 3.3–4. Annual emissions from commercial cooking, by equipment type.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Equipment type
VOC
CO
Chain-driven charbroilers
18.19
60.75
Underfired charbroilers
60.05
196.43
Deep fat fryers
9.38
0.00
Flat griddles
7.90
16.32
Clamshell griddles
0.32
0.00
Totals:
95.84
273.50

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

56

Maricopa County, AZ

Commercial cooking is assume to occur uniformly throughout the year, therefore, it was
assumed that 25% of annual activity occurs during the ozone season, and that activity occurs 7
days/week.
Table 3.3–5. Season-day emissions from commercial cooking, by equipment type.
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Equipment type
VOC
CO
Chain-driven charbroilers
100.0
333.8
Underfired charbroilers
329.9
1,079.3
Deep fat fryers
51.5
0.0
Flat griddles
43.4
89.7
Clamshell griddles
1.7
0.0
Totals:
526.6
1,502.8

Annual and season-day emissions for the ozone nonattainment area were calculated by multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals by the percentage population within the nonattainment
area (98.09%). (See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the population data used.) Table 3.3–6
summarizes the annual and season-day emissions from commercial cooking for the ozone NAA.
Table 3.3–6. Annual and season-day emissions from commercial cooking.
Maricopa County
Ozone nonattainment area
Season-day
Season-day
Annual emissions
emissions
Annual emissions
emissions
(lbs/day)
(lbs/day)
(tons/yr)
(tons/yr)
Equipment type
VOC
CO
VOC
CO
VOC
CO
VOC
CO
Chain-driven charbroilers
18.19
60.75
100.0
333.8
17.84
59.59
98.0
327.4
Underfired charbroilers
60.05
196.43
329.9 1,079.3
58.90 192.68
323.6 1,058.7
Deep fat fryers
9.38
0.00
51.5
0.0
9.20
0.00
50.6
0.0
Flat griddles
7.90
16.32
43.4
89.7
7.75
16.01
42.6
88.0
Clamshell griddles
0.32
0.00
1.7
0.0
0.31
0.00
1.7
0.0
Totals:
95.84
273.50
526.6 1,502.8
94.01 268.28
516.5 1,474.1

3.3.2.2 Bakeries
Emissions from area-source bakeries were calculated by the “scaling up” method as described in
EPA emission inventory guidance (US EPA, 2001c). This method combines detailed emissions
data from a subset of sources, and county-level employment data from the US Census Bureau
(2003b) to develop a per-employee emission factor that is then used to estimate emissions from
all sources in an industry category.
The most recent data from the Census’ County Business Patterns (CBP), for 2001 employment,
were used. CBP employment data for NAICS code 31181 (bread and bakery product manufacturing) indicated 1,999 employees in this industry in Maricopa County. Some facilities in this
category are considered point sources, and have been addressed in Chapter 2. To avoid doublecounting, employment at point sources is subtracted from total employment as follows:
Total area-source
employment in
bakeries.

= Total employment (from US
– Employment at point sources
Census’ County Business Patterns)
(from annual emission reports)
= 1,999
= 1,499 employees

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

– 500

57

Maricopa County, AZ

This area-source employment estimate is used to “scale up” emissions reported from those
facilities surveyed in 2002 as follows:
Total area-source = Emissions from surveyed area sources × Total area-source employment
emissions
Employment at surveyed area sources
Area-source VOC =
emissions from
bakeries
=

15.43 tons/yr
783

× 1,499 employees

29.54 tons VOC/yr

Ozone season-day emissions are calculated based on the operating schedule data reported by
bakeries. From annual emission surveys, the modal values were identified for two items:
days/week and seasonal activity as a percentage of annual activity. This data was used to
calculate typical season-day emissions as follows:
Season-day VOC
emissions from
bakeries

= Annual emissions (tons/yr) × season %
Days/week × Weeks/season

× 2,000 lbs
ton

=

× 2,000

=

29.54 × 25%
6 × 13
189.3 lbs VOC/day

Annual and season-day emissions for the ozone nonattainment area were calculated by multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals by the percentage industrial employment within the
nonattainment area. (See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the employment data used.)
VOC emissions from
= Annual Maricopa County
area-source bakeries
emissions
in the ozone NAA (tons/yr)
= 29.54 tons/yr

× NAA:County ratio of
industrial employment
× 98.09%

= 28.97 tons VOC/yr
Table 3.3–7. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source bakeries.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
29.54
189.3
Ozone NAA
28.97
185.7

3.3.3

Secondary metal production

Annual emissions from secondary metal production facilities were derived from annual emission
reports from permitted sources. As this category consists primarily of foundries, it was assumed
that there were no significant unpermitted sources within Maricopa County. Ozone season-day
emissions were calculated based on operating schedule information provided in the facilities’
annual emission reports. Since all facilities considered in this section are located within the
ozone nonattainment area, total emission values for the county and the ozone NAA from
secondary metal production are equal.

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

58

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 3.3–8. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source secondary metal production.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Maricopa County
54.69
0.03
0.00
309.0
0.2
0.0
Ozone NAA
54.69
0.03
0.00
309.0
0.2
0.0

3.3.4

Mineral processes

The primary contributors to this source category include concrete batch plants, ceramic clay and
tile manufacturing, brick manufacturing, and gypsum mining. Emissions from this source
category were calculated by the “scaling up” method as described in EPA emission inventory
guidance (US EPA, 2001c). This method combines detailed emissions data from a subset of
sources, and county-level employment data from the US Census Bureau (2003b) to develop a
per-employee emission factor that is then used to estimate emissions from all sources in an
industry category.
The most recent data from the US Census’ County Business Patterns (CBP) for 2001
employment were used. Where CBP employment estimates were presented as a range, the
midpoint values was chosen for these calculations. Total employment in Maricopa County for
NAICS code group 327, non-metallic mineral product manufacturing, for 2001 (the most recent
data available) was used. In addition, some portable concrete batch operations which operate
within Maricopa County for only part of the year, are issued air quality permits by the Arizona
Department of Environmental Quality. All ADEQ-permitted portable sources are addressed in
Section 3.3.8.
Some facilities in this category are considered point sources, and have been addressed in Chapter
2. To avoid double-counting, employment at point sources is subtracted from total employment
as follows:
Total area-source
= Total employment (from US
– Employment at point sources
employment in nonCensus’ County Business Patterns)
(from annual emission reports)
metallic mineral pdts
= 4,054
– 1,412
= 2,642 employees

This area-source employment estimate is used to “scale up” emissions reported from those
facilities surveyed in 2002 as follows:
Total area-source = Emissions from surveyed area sources × Total area-source employment
emissions
Employment at surveyed area sources
Area-source VOC =
7.61 tons/yr
emissions
1,068 employees
= 18.82 tons VOC/yr

× 2,642 employees

Ozone season-day emissions are calculated based on the operating schedule data reported by
surveyed facilities. From annual emission surveys, the modal values were identified for two
items: days/week and seasonal activity as a percentage of annual activity. This data was used to
calculate typical season-day emissions as follows:
2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

59

Maricopa County, AZ

Season-day VOC
emissions

= Annual emissions (tons/yr) × season %
Days/week × Weeks/season

× 2,000 lbs
ton

=

× 2,000

=

18.82 × 25%
5 × 13
144.7 lbs VOC/day

Annual and season-day emissions for the ozone nonattainment area were calculated by
multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals by the percentage industrial employment
within the nonattainment area. (See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the employment data used.)
VOC emissions from
area sources within the
ozone NAA (tons/yr)

= Annual Maricopa County
emissions

× NAA:County ratio of
industrial employment

= 18.82 tons/yr
= 18.46 tons VOC/yr

× 98.09%

Table 3.3–9 summarizes annual and season-day emissions from non-metallic mineral products in
both Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area.
Table 3.3–9. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source non-metallic mineral products.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
18.82
144.7
Ozone NAA
18.46
142.0

3.3.5

Rubber/plastics

Emissions from area-source rubber and plastic manufacturing facilities were calculated by the
“scaling up” method as described in EPA emission inventory guidance (US EPA, 2001c). This
method combines detailed emissions data from a subset of sources, and county-level employment data from the US Census Bureau (2003b) to develop a per-employee emission factor that is
then used to estimate emissions from all sources in an industry category.
The most recent data from the US Census’ County Business Patterns (CBP) for 2001 employment, were used. Where CBP employment estimates were presented as a range, the midpoint
values was chosen for these calculations. Table 3.3–10 shows the NAICS codes and employment data used to calculate emissions from rubber and plastic manufacturing facilities.
Some facilities in this category are considered point sources, and have been addressed in Chapter
2. To avoid double-counting, employment at point sources is subtracted from total employment
as follows:
Total area-source employment in = Total employment (from US
– Employment at point sources
rubber & plastic manufacturing
Census’ County Business Patterns)
(from annual emission reports)
= 8,206
– 1,862
= 6,344 employees

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

60

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 3.3–10. NAICS codes and descriptions for rubber and plastic manufacturing facilities.
NAICS
US Census
Value
Code
employment data
used
Description
32613 Laminated plastics plate, sheet & shape mfg
20–99
60
32614 Polystyrene foam product mfg
250–499
375
32622 Rubber & plastics hoses & belting mfg
100–249
175
33992 Sporting & athletic goods mfg
1,293
1,293
325991 Custom compounding of purchased resin
100–249
175
326122 Plastics pipe & pipe fitting mfg
100-249
175
326160 Plastics bottle mfg
250–499
375
326191 Plastics plumbing fixture mfg
250–499
375
326199 All other plastics product mfg
4,282
4,282
326212 Tire retreading
20–99
60
326299 All other rubber product mfg
250–499
375
327991 Cut stone & stone product mfg
111
111
336612 Boat building
250–499
375
Total:
8,206

This area-source employment estimate is used to “scale up” emissions reported from those
facilities surveyed in 2002 as follows:
Total area-source = Emissions from surveyed area sources × Total area-source employment
emissions
Employment at surveyed area sources
Area-source VOC emissions
from rubber & plastic mfg.

=

75.44 tons/yr
923 employees

× 6,344 employees

= 518.50 tons VOC/yr

Ozone season-day emissions are calculated based on the operating schedule data reported by
chemical manufacturing facilities. From annual emission surveys, the modal values were
identified for two items: days/week and seasonal activity as a percentage of annual activity. This
data was used to calculate typical season-day emissions as follows:
Season-day VOC
emissions from
rubber & plastic
manufacturing

= Annual emissions (tons/yr) × season %
Days/week × Weeks/season

× 2,000 lbs
ton

=

× 2,000

=

518.50 × 25%
5 × 13
3,988.5 lbs VOC/day

Annual and season-day emissions for the ozone nonattainment area were calculated by multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals by the percentage industrial employment within the
nonattainment area. (See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the employment data used.)
VOC emissions from
rubber & plastic
mfg. in the ozone NAA
(tons/yr)

= Annual Maricopa County
emissions

× NAA:County ratio of
industrial employment

= 518.50 tons/yr
= 508.60 tons VOC/yr

× 98.09%

Table 3.3–11 summarizes annual and season-day emissions from chemical manufacturing in both
Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area.
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61

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 3.3–11. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from rubber and plastic manufacturing facilities.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
518.50
3,988.5
Ozone NAA
508.60
3,912.3

3.3.6

Fabricated metal products

Emissions from fabricated metal product manufacturing were calculated by the “scaling up”
method as described in EPA emission inventory guidance (US EPA, 2001c). This method combines detailed emissions data from a subset of sources, and county-level employment data from
the US Census Bureau (2003b) to develop a per-employee emission factor that is then used to
estimate emissions from all sources in an industry category.
The most recent data from the US Census Bureau’s County Business Patterns (CBP) for 2001
employment were used. CBP employment data for NAICS code 332* (fabricated metal products
manufacturing) indicated that there were 16,232 employees in this industry in Maricopa County.
Some facilities in this category are considered point sources, and have been addressed in Chapter
2. To avoid double-counting, employment at point sources is subtracted from total employment
as follows:
Total area-source
= Total employment (from US
– Employment at point sources
employment in fabricated
Census’ County Business Patterns)
(from annual emission reports)
metal products
= 16,232
– 75
= 16,157 employees

This area-source employment estimate is used to “scale up” emissions reported from those
facilities surveyed in 2002 as follows:
Total area-source
emissions

= Emissions from surveyed area sources
Employment at surveyed area sources

Area-source VOC
= 0.82 tons/yr
emissions from fabricated
638 employees
metal products
= 20.64 tons VOC/yr

× Total area-source employment

× 16,157 employees

Ozone season-day emissions are calculated based on the operating schedule data reported by
fabricated metal products facilities. From annual emission surveys, the modal values were
identified for two items: days/week and seasonal activity as a percentage of annual activity. This
data was used to calculate typical season-day emissions as follows:
Season-day VOC
emissions from
fabricated metal products

=

Annual emissions (tons/yr) × season %
Days/week × Weeks/season

=

20.64 × 25%
5 × 13
= 158.8 lbs VOC/day

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

62

× 2,000 lbs
ton
× 2,000

Maricopa County, AZ

Annual and season-day emissions for the ozone nonattainment area were calculated by multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals by the percentage industrial employment within the
nonattainment area. (See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the employment data used.)
VOC emissions from
fabricated metal in the
ozone NAA (tons/yr)

= Annual Maricopa County
emissions

× NAA:County ratio of
industrial employment

= 20.64 tons/yr
= 20.25 tons VOC/yr

× 98.09%

Table 3.3–12 summarizes annual and season-day emissions from fabricated metal products
manufacturing in both Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area.
Table 3.3–12. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source fabricated metal products
manufacturing.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
20.64
158.8
Ozone NAA
20.25
155.8

3.3.7

Electrical equipment manufacturing

Emissions from area-source electrical equipment manufacturing were calculated by the “scaling
up” method as described in EPA emission inventory guidance (US EPA, 2001c). This method
combines detailed emissions data from a subset of sources, and county-level employment data
from the US Census Bureau (2003b) to develop a per-employee emission factor that is then used
to estimate emissions from all sources in an industry category.
The most recent data from the US Census’ County Business Patterns (CBP) for 2001
employment, were used. Where CBP employment estimates were presented as a range, the
midpoint values was chosen for these calculations. Table 3.3–13 shows the NAICS codes and
employment data used to calculate emissions from electric equipment manufacturing.
Table 3.3–13. NAICS codes and descriptions for electric equipment manufacturing.
NAICS
US Census
Code
Description
employment data
32613 Laminated plastics plate, sheet & shape mfg.
20-99
333315 Photographic & photocopying equipment mfg.
68
33421 Telephone apparatus mfg.
782
33422 Radio, TV broadcast & wireless communication equipment mfg.
3,471
334412 Bare printed circuit board mfg.
2,134
334413 Semiconductor & related device mfg.
18,479
334416 Electronic coil, transformer, other inductor mfg.
346
334418 Printed circuit assembly (electronic assembly) mfg.
2,500-4,999
334419 Other electronic component mfg.
0-19
334511 Search, detection & navigation instrument mfg.
5,000-9,999
336412 Aircraft engine & engine parts mfg.
5,000-9,999
336419 Other missile, space vehicle parts & auxiliary equipment mfg.
656
Total:

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

63

Value
used
60
68
782
3,471
2,134
18,479
346
3,750
10
7,500
7,500
656
44,756

Maricopa County, AZ

Some facilities in this category are considered point sources, and have been addressed in Chapter
2. To avoid double-counting, employment at point sources is subtracted from total employment
as follows:
Total area-source
= Total employment (from US
– Employment at point sources
employment in electrical
Census’ County Business Patterns)
(from annual emission reports)
equipment manufacturing
= 44,756
– 10,316
= 34,440 employees

This area-source employment estimate is used to “scale up” emissions reported from those
facilities surveyed in 2002 as follows:
Total area-source = Emissions from surveyed area sources × Total area-source employment
emissions
Employment at surveyed area sources
Area-source VOC =
emissions from
electric equipment
manufacturing
=

65.21 tons/yr
23,516 employees

× 34,440 employees

95.51 tons VOC/yr

Ozone season-day emissions are calculated based on the operating schedule data reported by
electric equipment manufacturing facilities. From annual emission surveys, the modal values
were identified for two items: days/week and seasonal activity as a percentage of annual activity.
This data was used to calculate typical season-day emissions as follows:
Season-day VOC
= Annual emissions (tons/yr) × season %
emissions from
Days/week × Weeks/season
electric equip. mfg.
=
95.51 × 25%
7 × 13
=
524.8 lbs VOC/day

× 2,000 lbs
ton
× 2,000

Annual and season-day emissions for the ozone nonattainment area were calculated by
multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals by the percentage industrial employment
within the nonattainment area. (See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the employment data used.)
VOC emissions from
area-source electric equip.
mfg. in the ozone NAA
(tons/yr)

= Annual Maricopa County
emissions

× NAA:County ratio of
industrial employment

= 95.51 tons/yr
= 93.68 tons VOC/yr

× 98.09%

Table 3.3–14. Annual and season-day emissions from area-source electric equipment manufacturing.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
VOC
NOx
Maricopa County
95.51
16.28
524.8
89.4
Ozone NAA
93.68
15.97
514.7
87.7

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

64

Maricopa County, AZ

3.3.8

State-permitted portable sources

The Arizona Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ) retains the authority to permit
certain categories of sources within Maricopa County, including portable sources. MCESD
requested information from ADEQ for all ADEQ-permitted sources that reported any activity in
Maricopa County during 2002. Annual total emissions for each pollutant were provided, along
with information on the facility type, and information on the location of the site during the year.
Permits were classified into four major types: asphalt batch, concrete batch, crushing/screening,
and other (including soil remediation, generators, etc.). From this information, emissions that
occurred within Maricopa County were estimated as in the following example.
Data provided:
Source information:
Permit type:
Operating schedule:
Total annual emissions:
(tons/yr)

Onyx Construction – Kevin’s Spread, ID S7710
Portable crushing/screening plant
Operated in Mohave County 6/10/02 to 7/28/02, Maricopa County from 7/30/02
to 10/22/02, and La Paz County from 10/24/02 to 12/31/02.
VOC
NOx
CO
2.744
54.260
12.140

Using this information, calculations were made to determine:
Total operating days in 2002:
203 = 21 (June) + 30 (July) + … + 31 (Dec.)
Total operating days in Maricopa County: 85 = 2 (July ) + 31 (Aug.) + … + 22 (Oct.)
Any operating days in Maricopa County
during ozone season? (July–September): yes

All emissions were assumed to be equally distributed among all reported days of operation.
First, the total emissions attributable to activity in Maricopa County was calculated as follows:
Annual NOx emissions = Total annual emissions × operating days in Maricopa County
in Maricopa County
(tons/yr)
total operating days in 2002
= 54.260

×

85
203

= 22.72 tons NOx/yr

If the facility had any operations in Maricopa County during the July–September ozone season,
season-day emissions (in lbs/day) were calculated as follows:
Season-day = total emissions attributable to activity in Maricopa County × 2,000 lbs
emissions
number of operating days in Maricopa County
ton
(lbs/day)
= 22.72 tons
× 2,000 lbs
85 days
ton
= 534.6 lbs NOx/day

Table 3.3–15 summarizes the annual and season-day emissions for all ADEQ-permitted portable
sources that operated within Maricopa County at some point during 2002. Since no precise
locational data was available, all emissions are conservatively assumed to have originated with
the ozone nonattainment area.

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65

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 3.3–15. Emissions from ADEQ-permitted portable sources, by permit type.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Permit type
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Asphalt batch
42.62
68.87
25.34
264.0
471.5
173.8
Concrete batch
1.09
31.81
7.25
6.7
199.0
45.4
Crushing/screening
18.80
466.40
105.56
131.1
3,121.5
705.2
Other
5.11
5.35
0.28
29.3
29.3
1.5
Totals:
67.61
572.42
138.43
431.0
3,821.3
925.9

3.3.9

Industrial processes, not elsewhere classified

Annual area-source emissions from other industrial processes NEC were derived from annual
emissions reports from permitted facilities. Other industrial processes include a wide array of
industrial activities that are often specific to the permitted facility that reported the process. For
this reason, it is assumed there are no significant emissions from other industrial processes, other
than those reported by permitted facilities on their annual emissions reports. Ozone season-day
emissions are calculated based on operating schedule information provided by the facilities in
their annual emissions report.
All facilities that reported area-source emissions from other industrial processes are located
inside the ozone nonattainment area, therefore emissions for Maricopa County and the ozone
NAA are equal.
Table 3.3–16. Annual and season-day emissions from other industrial processes NEC.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Maricopa County
14.91
0.05
0.98
114.7
0.4
7.5
Ozone NAA
14.91
0.05
0.98
114.7
0.4
7.5

3.3.10 Summary of all area source industrial processes
Table 3.3–17. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from area-source industrial processes.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Maricopa County
930.91
589.86
412.98
6,501.7
3,919.7
2,436.7
Ozone NAA
915.46
589.52
407.74
6,393.8
3,917.8
2,407.8

3.4

Solvent use

3.4.1

Surface coating

3.4.1.1 Architectural coatings
The alternative calculation method outlined in EIIP guidance (US EPA, 1995a) was used to
calculate VOC emissions from architectural surface coating. First, a national average usage
factor (expressed in gals/person-year) was derived by dividing the 2002 national architectural
coating usage from the US Census Bureau (2003b) by the United States population in 2002 (US
Census Bureau, 2002).

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

66

Maricopa County, AZ

National per-capita = National architectural
÷ 2002 US population
usage (gal/person)
coating paint usage (gals)
= 717,230,000
= 2.4872 gals/person

÷ 288,368,698

Multiplying the national per capita usage by the maximum allowable emission limit for coatings
in Maricopa County (Rule 335) results in an annual per-capita value of VOC emissions for
architectural coating for Maricopa County.
VOC emissions
(lb/person-yr)

= National per
capita usage
(gal/person-yr)

× Maricopa County emission limit
for architectural coating (Rule 335)
(lb/gal)

= 2.4872
× 2.1
= 5.2231 lb/person

Annual VOC emissions for architectural coating for both Maricopa County and the ozone
nonattainment area were then calculated by multiplying the county per-capita emission factor by
the population in the area. (See Section 1.5.2 for a discussion of the population data used.)
To calculate season-day emissions, default assumptions from EIIP (US EPA, 1995a) were used.
Table 3.4–1 presents the annual and season-day VOC emissions from architectural coatings for
Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area.
Table 3.4–1. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from architectural coating.
Annual
% annual
Activity
Season-day
emissions
activity in
level
emissions
Geographic area
Population
(tons/yr)
ozone season (days/wk)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
3,549,693
9,270.23
33%
7
67,234.6
Ozone NAA
3,481,807
9,092.94
33%
7
65,948.8

3.4.1.2 Auto refinishing
VOC emissions from automobile refinishing for both Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area were calculated using an emission factor of 1.9 lbs VOC/person-yr (US EPA,
1991). To avoid double counting, VOC emissions from facilities treated as point sources were
then subtracted out from this total, as shown below. Season-day emissions were calculated
assuming that activity occurs evenly throughout the year, 5 days/wk (US EPA, 2001c).
Annual VOC emissions = Population × EPA emission
÷ 2,000
– Annual emissions from
from automobile
factor (lbs/person)
(lbs/ton)
point sources (tons/yr)1
refinishing (tons/yr)
= 3,549,693 × 1.9
÷ 2,000
– 32.7
= 3,339.51 tons VOC/yr

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67

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 3.4–2. Annual and season-day emissions from automobile refinishing.
% annual
Activity
Annual
activity in
level
emissions
ozone season (days/wk)
(tons/yr)
Geographic area
Population
Maricopa County
3,549,693
3,339.51
25%
5
Ozone NAA
3,481,807
3,275.05
25%
5

Season-day
emissions
(lbs/day)
25,688.5
25,192.4

1. This figure reflects the total emissions reported from these facilities before the application of rule effectiveness where appropriate, and
thus may be lower than the emission totals from point sources presented in Chapter 2.

3.4.1.3 Traffic markings
VOC emissions from traffic markings were calculated following an alternative calculation
method outlined in EIIP guidance (US EPA, 1997). First, an average usage factor (in
gals/person-yr) was derived to calculate VOC emissions from traffic markings. The national per
capita usage amount was calculated by dividing the 2002 national traffic paint usage (US Census
Bureau, 2003b) by the US population in 2002 (US Census Bureau, 2002).
Annual per-capita
usage (gals/person)

= National traffic paint usage (gals/yr) ÷ US population
= 39,397,000
= 0.1366 gal/person

÷ 288,368,698

Multiplying the national per-capita usage by the maximum allowable emission limit for traffic
coatings in Maricopa County (prescribed by County Rule 335) produces annual per-capita
emission rate for VOC emissions from traffic markings for Maricopa County:
VOC emissions
for traffic markings
(lb/person-yr)

= National per-capita usage
(gal/person)

× Maricopa County emission limit for traffic coatings
(prescribed by County Rule 335, in lb/gal)

= 0.1366
= 0.2869 lb VOC/person

× 2.1

Total VOC emissions for traffic coating for both Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment
area are then calculated by multiplying the county per-capita emission factor by the population in
the area. To calculate typical daily emissions during the ozone season, recommended EPA
values were used, assuming 33 percent of annual activity occurred during the ozone season, and
a typical activity level of 5 days/wk (US EPA, 1997).
Table 3.4–3. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from traffic markings.
Annual
% annual
Activity
emissions
activity in
level
Geographic area
Population
(tons/yr)
ozone season (days/wk)
Maricopa County
3,549,693
509.21
33%
5
Ozone NAA
3,481,807
499.47
33%
5

Season-day
emissions
(lbs/day)
5,170.4
5,071.5

3.4.1.4 Factory-finished wood
Emissions from factory-finished wood coating were calculated by the “scaling up” method as
described in EPA emission inventory guidance (US EPA, 2001c). This method combines
detailed emissions data from a subset of sources, and county-level employment data from the US
2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

68

Maricopa County, AZ

Census Bureau (2003b) to develop a per-employee emission factor that is then used to estimate
emissions from all sources in an industry category.
The most recent data from the US Census’ County Business Patterns (CBP) for 2001
employment, were used. Where CBP employment estimates were presented as a range, the
midpoint values was chosen for these calculations. Table 3.4–4 shows the NAICS codes and
employment data used to calculate emissions from factory-finished wood surface coating.
Table 3.4–4. NAICS codes and descriptions for factory-finished wood surface coating.
NAICS
US Census
Code
Description
employment data
337212 Custom architectural woodwork & millwork mfg.
436
337215 Showcase, partition, shelving & locker manufacturing
610
337920 Blind & shade manufacturing
202
321911 Wood window & door manufacturing
1,303
321918 Other millwork
538
Total:

Value
used
436
610
202
1,303
538
3,089

Some facilities in this category are considered point sources, and have been addressed in Chapter
2. To avoid double-counting, employment at point sources is subtracted from total employment
as follows:
Total area-source
= Total employment (from US
– Employment at point sources
employment in
Census’ County Business Patterns)
(from annual emission reports)
factory-finished wood
= 3,089
– 782
= 2,307 employees

This area-source employment estimate is used to “scale up” emissions reported from those
facilities surveyed in 2002 as follows:
Total area-source
emissions

= Emissions from surveyed area sources
Employment at surveyed area sources

Area-source VOC
= 63.63 tons/yr
emissions from
662 employees
factory-finished wood

× Total area-source employment

× 2,307 employees

= 221.74 tons VOC/yr

Ozone season-day emissions are calculated based on the operating schedule data reported by
factory-finished wood surface coating facilities. From annual emission surveys, the modal
values were identified for two items: days/week and seasonal activity as a percentage of annual
activity. This data was used to calculate typical season-day emissions as follows:
Season-day VOC
= Annual emissions (tons/yr) × season %
emissions from
Days/week × Weeks/season
factory-finished wood
=
=

221.74 × 25%
5 × 13
1,705.7 lbs VOC/day

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

× 2,000 lbs
ton

× 2,000

69

Maricopa County, AZ

Annual and season-day emissions for the ozone nonattainment area were calculated by
multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals by the percentage industrial employment
within the nonattainment area. (See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the employment data used.)
VOC emissions from
= Annual Maricopa County
area-source factory
emissions
finished wood coating
in the ozone NAA (tons/yr)
= 221.74 tons/yr
= 217.50 tons VOC/yr

× NAA:County ratio of
industrial employment

× 98.09%

Table 3.4–5 summarizes annual and season-day emissions from factory-finished wood surface
coating in both Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area.
Table 3.4–5. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source factory-finished wood surface
coating.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
221.74
1,705.7
Ozone NAA
217.50
1,673.1

3.4.1.5 Wood furniture
Emissions from wood furniture surface coating were calculated by the “scaling up” method as
described in EPA emission inventory guidance (US EPA, 2001c). This method combines
detailed emissions data from a subset of sources, and county-level employment data from the US
Census Bureau (2003b) to develop a per-employee emission factor that is then used to estimate
emissions from all sources in an industry category.
The most recent data from the US Census’ County Business Patterns (CBP) for 2001
employment were used. Where CBP employment estimates were presented as a range, the
midpoint values was chosen for these calculations. Table 3.4–6 shows the NAICS codes and
employment data used to calculate emissions from wood furniture surface coating.
Table 3.4–6. NAICS codes and descriptions for wood furniture surface coating.
NAICS
US Census
Code
Description
employment data
337110 Wood kitchen cabinet & countertop manufacturing
1703
337121 Upholstered household furniture manufacturing
281
337122 Non-upholstered wood household furniture manufacturing
3,160
337127 Institutional furniture manufacturing
100–249
337129 Wood television, radio & sewing machine cabinet mfg.
20–99
337211 Wood office furniture manufacturing
100–249
811420 Re-upholstery & furniture repair
407
Total:

Value
used
1,703
281
3,160
175
60
175
407
5,961

Some facilities in this category are considered point sources, and have been addressed in Chapter
2. To avoid double-counting, employment at point sources is subtracted from total employment
as follows:

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70

Maricopa County, AZ

Total area-source employment
= Total employment (from US
– Employment at point sources
in wood furniture manufacturing
Census’ County Business Patterns)
(from annual emission reports)
= 5,961
– 2,567
= 3,394 employees

This area-source employment estimate is used to “scale up” emissions reported from those
facilities surveyed in 2002 as follows:
Total area-source = Emissions from surveyed area sources × Total area-source employment
emissions
Employment at surveyed area sources
Area-source VOC =
150.36 tons/yr
emissions from
1,063 employees
wood furniture
coating
= 480.09 tons VOC/yr

× 3,394 employees

Ozone season-day emissions are calculated based on the operating schedule data reported by
wood furniture surface coating facilities. From annual emission surveys, the modal values were
identified for two items: days/week and seasonal activity as a percentage of annual activity. This
data was used to calculate typical season-day emissions as follows:
Season-day VOC
emissions from
wood furniture
coating

= Annual emissions (tons/yr) × season %
Days/week × Weeks/season

× 2,000 lbs
ton

=

× 2,000

=

480.09 × 25%
5 × 13
3,693.0 lbs VOC/day

Annual and season-day emissions for the ozone nonattainment area (NAA) were calculated by
multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals by the percentage industrial employment
within the nonattainment area. (See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the employment data used.)
VOC emissions from
= Annual Maricopa County
area-source wood furniture
emissions
coating in the ozone NAA
(tons/yr)
= 480.09 tons/yr
= 470.92 tons VOC/yr

× NAA:County ratio of
industrial employment

× 98.09%

Table 3.4–7 summarizes annual and season-day emissions from wood furniture surface coating
in both Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area.
Table 3.4–7. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source wood furniture surface coating.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Geographic area
Maricopa County
480.09
3,693.0
Ozone NAA
470.92
3,622.5

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3.4.1.6 Aircraft surface coating
Emissions from aircraft surface coating were calculated by the “scaling up” method as described
in EPA emission inventory guidance (US EPA, 2001c). This method combines detailed
emissions data from a subset of sources, and county-level employment data from the US Census
Bureau (2003b) to develop a per-employee emission factor that is then used to estimate
emissions from all sources in an industry category.
The most recent data from the US Census’ County Business Patterns (CBP) for 2001
employment, were used. Where CBP employment estimates were presented as a range, the
midpoint values was chosen for these calculations. Table 3.4–8 shows the NAICS codes and
employment data used to calculate emissions from aircraft surface coating.
Table 3.4–8. NAICS codes and descriptions for aircraft surface coating.
NAICS
US Census
Code
Description
employment data
336411 Aircraft manufacturing
2,500–4,999
336412 Aircraft engine, and engine parts
5,000–9,999
336413 Other aircraft part & auxiliary equipment manufacturing
1,000–2,499
Total:

Value
used
3,750
7,500
1,750
13,000

Some facilities in this category are considered point sources, and have been addressed in Chapter
2. To avoid double-counting, employment at point sources is subtracted from total employment
as follows:
Total area-source
employment in
aircraft coating

= Total employment (from US
– Employment at point sources
Census’ County Business Patterns)
(from annual emission reports)
= 13,000
= 8,562 employees

– 4,438

This area-source employment estimate is used to “scale up” emissions reported from those
facilities surveyed in 2002 as follows:
Total area-source = Emissions from surveyed area sources × Total area-source employment
emissions
Employment at surveyed area sources
Area-source VOC =
12.95 tons/yr
emissions from
1,303 employees
aircraft coating
= 85.09 tons VOC/yr

× 8,562 employees

Ozone season-day emissions are calculated based on the operating schedule data reported by
aircraft surface coating facilities. From annual emission surveys, the modal values were
identified for two items: days/week and seasonal activity as a percentage of annual activity. This
data was used to calculate typical season-day emissions as follows:

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Season-day VOC
emissions from
aircraft coating

= Annual emissions (tons/yr) × season %
Days/week × Weeks/season

× 2,000 lbs
ton

=

× 2,000

=

85.09 × 25%
5 × 13
654.5 lbs VOC/day

Annual and season-day emissions for the ozone nonattainment area were calculated by
multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals by the percentage industrial employment
within the nonattainment area. (See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the employment data used.)
VOC emissions from
= Annual Maricopa County
area-source aircraft coating
emissions
in the ozone NAA (tons/yr)
= 85.09 tons/yr

× NAA:County ratio of
industrial employment
× 98.09%

= 83.47 tons VOC/yr

Table 3.4–9 summarizes annual and season-day emissions from aircraft surface coating in both
Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area.
Table 3.4–9. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source aircraft surface coating.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
85.09
654.5
Ozone NAA
83.47
642.0

3.4.1.7 Miscellaneous manufacturing
Area-source VOC emissions from miscellaneous surface coating were estimated by a “scaling
up” method as described in EPA emission inventory guidance (US EPA, 2001c). This method
combines detailed emissions and employment data from Maricopa County permitted facilities to
develop a per-employee emission factor that is then used to estimate emissions from all sources
in an industry category, as follows:
Average misc. coat.
emission factor
(lbs/employee)

= Annual reported VOC emissions ÷ Number of employees in area-source
from misc. coating (lbs/yr)
businesses that reported misc. coating
activity in 2002
= 580,947.3 lbs
÷ 34,945 employees
= 16.625 lbs/employee

The typical “scale-up” methodology was revised slightly for this source category for a number of
reasons. First, miscellaneous surface coating activity occurs at some level across a wide
spectrum of industries, both industrial and commercial/institutional. Additionally, annual
emissions reports may be inconsistent in how activities are reported, and it is uncertain if all
relevant activities are categorized as “miscellaneous surface coating” vs. some other category
(e.g., manufacturing). Estimating total emissions from miscellaneous surface coating based on
county employment by NAICS code (for which employment data are often presented only as a
broad range), or all industrial employment (including industries which have little or no
miscellaneous surface coating activities) would therefore be misleading and lead to an overestimate of area-source emissions from this source category.
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Instead, the list of SIC codes used by businesses that reported miscellaneous surface coating
activities was conservatively assumed to represent the “universe” of businesses that could
possibly have significant miscellaneous surface coating activity. As some facilities are considered point sources (which are addressed in Chapter 2), to avoid double-counting, employment
at point sources is subtracted from total employment within these SIC categories as follows:
Total area-source employ- = Total employment in all businesses
men in industries with
in SIC codes that reported
misc. coating activity
misc. coating activity in 2002
= 132,155
= 85,068 employees

– Employment at point sources
in these SIC codes
(from annual emission reports)
– 47,087

This area-source employment estimate is used to “scale up” emissions reported from those
facilities surveyed in 2002 as follows:
Total area-source
=
emissions from misc.
coating operations
=
=
=

per-employee emission factor

× Total area-source employment
in relevant SIC categories

16.625 lbs/employee
1,414,223.0 lbs/yr
707.11 tons VOC/yr

× 85,068 employees

Ozone season-day emissions are calculated based on operating schedule data reported by
surveyed facilities. From annual emission surveys, the modal values were identified for two
items: days/week and seasonal activity as a percentage of annual activity. This data was used to
calculate typical season-day emissions as follows:
Season-day VOC
= Annual emissions (tons/yr) × season %
emissions from areaDays/week × Weeks/season
source misc. coating
=
707.11 × 25%
5 × 13
=
5,439.3 lbs VOC/day

× 2,000 lbs
ton
× 2,000

Annual and season-day emissions for the ozone nonattainment area were calculated by multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals by the percentage industrial employment within the
nonattainment area. (See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the employment data used.)
VOC emissions from
= Annual Maricopa County
area-source degreasing
emissions
in the ozone NAA (tons/yr)
= 707.11 tons/yr

× NAA:County ratio of
industrial employment
× 98.09%

= 693.61 tons VOC/yr

Table 3.4–10 summarizes annual and season-day emissions from area-source miscellaneous
surface coating in both Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area.

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Table 3.4–10. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from miscellaneous surface coating.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Geographic area
Maricopa County
707.11
5,439.3
Ozone NAA
693.61
5,335.4

3.4.1.8 Summary of all area source surface coating
Table 3.4–11. Summary of annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source surface coating.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Geographic area
Maricopa County
14,612.98
109,586.1
Ozone NAA
14,332.92
107,485.8

3.4.2 Degreasing
Area-source VOC emissions from degreasing were estimated by a “scaling up” method as
described in EPA emission inventory guidance (US EPA, 2001c). This method combines
detailed emissions and employment data from Maricopa County permitted facilities to develop a
per-employee emission factor that is then used to estimate emissions from all sources in an
industry category, as follows:
Average degreasing
emission factor
(lbs/employee)

= Annual reported VOC emissions ÷ Number of employees in area-source
from degreasing (lbs/yr)
businesses that reported degreasing
activity in 2002
= 64,782 lbs
÷ 11,677 employees
= 5.548 lbs/employee

The typical “scale-up” methodology was revised slightly for this source category for a number of
reasons. First, degreasing activity occurs at some level across a wide spectrum of industries,
both industrial and commercial/ institutional. Additionally, annual emissions reports may be
inconsistent in how activities are reported, and it is uncertain if all relevant activities are categorized as “degreasing” vs. some other category (e.g., manufacturing). Estimating total emissions
from degreasing based on county employment by NAICS code (for which employment data are
often presented only as a broad range), or all industrial employment (including industries which
have little or no degreasing activities) would therefore be misleading and lead to an overestimate of area-source emissions from this source category.
Instead, the list of SIC codes used by businesses that reported degreasing activities was conservatively assumed to represent the “universe” of businesses that could possibly have significant
degreasing activity. As some facilities are considered point sources (which are addressed in
Chapter 2), to avoid double-counting, employment at point sources is subtracted from total
employment within these SIC categories as follows:

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Total area-source employ- = Total employment in all businesses
men in industries with
in SIC codes that reported
degreasing activity
degreasing activity in 2002
= 144,821

– Employment at point sources
in these SIC codes
(from annual emission reports)
– 56,764

= 88,057 employees

This area-source employment estimate is used to “scale up” emissions reported from those
facilities surveyed in 2002 as follows:
Total area-source
emissions from degreasing operations

= per-employee emission factor

× Total area-source employment
in relevant SIC categories

= 5.548 lbs/employee

× 88,057 employees

= 488,540 lbs/yr
= 244.26 tons VOC/yr

Ozone season-day emissions are calculated based on operating schedule data reported by
surveyed facilities. From annual emission surveys, the modal values were identified for two
items: days/week and seasonal activity as a percentage of annual activity. This data was used to
calculate typical season-day emissions as follows:
Season-day VOC
= Annual emissions (tons/yr) × season %
emissions from areaDays/week × Weeks/season
source degreasing
=
244.26 × 25%
5 × 13
=

× 2,000 lbs
ton
× 2,000

1,878.9 lbs VOC/day

Annual and season-day emissions for the ozone nonattainment area were calculated by
multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals by the percentage industrial employment
within the nonattainment area. (See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the employment data used.)
VOC emissions from
= Annual Maricopa County
area-source degreasing
emissions
in the ozone NAA (tons/yr)
= 244.26 tons/yr

× NAA:County ratio of
industrial employment
× 98.09%

= 239.60 tons VOC/yr

Table 3.4–12 summarizes annual and season-day emissions from area-source degreasing in both
Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area.
Table 3.4–12. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source degreasing.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
244.26
1,878.9
Ozone NAA
239.60
1,843.1

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3.4.3

Dry cleaning

Dry cleaning facilities are identified as one of two types: those that use perchloroethylene and
those that use a petroleum solvent (140 or Stoddard solvent) or other VOC-based solvent.
Perchloroethylene is a synthetic solvent that is not considered photochemically reactive and
therefore is not included in this inventory. Annual VOC emissions from this category were
estimated using annual emission reports, as all permitted dry cleaners are surveyed annually. (It
is assumed there are no unpermitted dry cleaning facilities operating within the county.)
A total of 19 dry cleaning establishments reported using VOC-based cleaning solvents. Dry
cleaning activity is not constant throughout the year. The 2002 emission reports contained
seasonal percentages for each process as well as data on typical operating schedules. Seasonal
activity data collected for the period June–August was assumed not to be significantly different
from the ozone season, July–September. The modes (i.e., most frequently occurring) of these
values were used to calculate ozone season-day emissions from VOC-containing dry cleaning
solvents. Assuming on average 20% of annual throughput occurred during the ozone season, and
a 5-day work week, ozone season-day emissions were calculated as:
Ozone season-day = Annual emissions × % ozone-season throughput ÷ (days/week × weeks/season)
VOC emissions
from dry cleaning
= 52,784 lbs/yr
× 20%
÷ (5 × 13)
= 162.7 lbs VOC/day

Since all dry cleaning establishments are located within the ozone nonattainment area, the county
and nonattainment area emission totals are the same. Table 3.4–13 summarizes the materials
used, emission factors, and annual and season-day VOC emissions from dry cleaning.
Table 3.4–13. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from dry cleaning.
Amount used
Emission
Annual emissions
Material
(gal/yr)
factor (lbs/gal)
(tons/yr)
Petroleum solvents
7,626
6.5
24.78
DF-2000
515
6.42
1.65
Totals:
26.44

3.4.4

Season-day
emissions (lbs/day)
152.5
10.2
162.7

Graphic arts

Emissions from graphic arts were calculated by the “scaling up” method as described in EPA
emission inventory guidance (US EPA, 2001c). This method combines detailed emissions data
from a subset of sources, and county-level employment data from the US Census Bureau (2003b)
to develop a per-employee emission factor that is then used to estimate emissions from all
sources in an industry category.
The most recent data from the US Census’ County Business Patterns (CBP) for 2001
employment, were used. Where CBP employment estimates were presented as a range, the
midpoint values was chosen for these calculations. Table 3.4–14 shows the NAICS codes and
employment data used to calculate emissions from graphic arts.

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Table 3.4–14. NAICS codes and descriptions for graphic arts
NAICS
Code
Description
323* Printing & related support activities
5111* Newspaper, periodical, book & database publishers
Total:

US Census
employment data
6,511
5,875

Value
used
6,511
5,875
12,386

Some facilities in this category are considered point sources, and have been addressed in Chapter
2. To avoid double-counting, employment at point sources is subtracted from total employment
as follows:
Total area-source
employment in
graphic arts

= Total employment (from US
– Employment at point sources
Census’ County Business Patterns)
(from annual emission reports)
= 12,386
= 10,683 employees

– 1,703

This area-source employment estimate is used to “scale up” emissions reported from those
facilities surveyed in 2002 as follows:
Total area-source = Emissions from surveyed area sources × Total area-source employment
emissions
Employment at surveyed area sources
Area-source VOC =
171.55 tons/yr
emissions from
3,979 employees
graphic arts
= 460.58 tons VOC/yr

× 10,683 employees

Ozone season-day emissions are calculated based on the operating schedule data reported by
graphic arts facilities. From annual emission surveys, the modal values were identified for two
items: days/week and seasonal activity as a percentage of annual activity. This data was used to
calculate typical season-day emissions as follows:
Season-day VOC
emissions from
graphic arts

= Annual emissions (tons/yr) × season %
Days/week × Weeks/season

× 2,000 lbs
ton

=

× 2,000

=

460.58 × 25%
5 × 13
3,542.9 lbs VOC/day

Annual and season-day emissions for the ozone nonattainment area were calculated by
multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals by the percentage industrial employment
within the nonattainment area. (See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the employment data used.)
VOC emissions from
= Annual Maricopa County
area-source graphic arts
emissions
in the ozone NAA (tons/yr)
= 460.58 tons/yr
= 451.78 tons VOC/yr

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

× NAA:County ratio of
industrial employment
× 98.09%

78

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 3.4–15 summarizes annual and season-day emissions from graphic arts in both Maricopa
County and the ozone nonattainment area.
Table 3.4–15. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source graphic arts.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Geographic area
Maricopa County
460.58
3,542.9
Ozone NAA
451.78
3,475.2

3.4.5

Miscellaneous industrial solvent use

Area-source VOC emissions from miscellaneous industrial solvent use were estimated by a
“scaling up” method as described in EPA emission inventory guidance (US EPA, 2001c). This
method combines detailed emissions and employment data from Maricopa County permitted
facilities to develop a per-employee emission factor that is then used to estimate emissions from
all sources in an industry category, as follows:
Average solvent use = Annual reported VOC emissions ÷ Number of employees in area-source
emission factor
from solvent use (lbs/yr)
businesses that reported solvent use
(lbs/employee)
activity in 2002
= 15,789.6 lbs
÷ 3,502 employees
= 4.509 lbs/employee

The typical “scale-up” methodology was revised slightly for this source category for a number of
reasons. First, miscellaneous industrial solvent use occurs at some level across a wide spectrum
of industries. Additionally, annual emissions reports may be inconsistent in how activities are
reported, and it is uncertain if all relevant activities are categorized as “miscellaneous industrial
solvent use” vs. some other category (e.g., manufacturing). Estimating total emissions from
miscellaneous industrial solvent use based on county employment by NAICS code (for which
employment data are often presented only as a broad range), or all industrial employment (including industries which have little or no solvent use activities) would therefore be misleading and
lead to an overestimate of area-source emissions from this source category.
Instead, the list of SIC codes used by businesses that reported miscellaneous industrial solvent
use activities was conservatively assumed to represent the “universe” of businesses that could
possibly have significant miscellaneous industrial solvent use activity. As some facilities are
considered point sources (which are addressed in Chapter 2), to avoid double-counting, employment at point sources is subtracted from total employment within these SIC categories as
follows:
Total area-source employ- = Total employment in all businesses
men in industries with
in SIC codes that reported
misc. solvent use
misc. solvent use in 2002
= 44,731

– Employment at point sources
in these SIC codes
(from annual emission reports)
– 17,753

= 26,978 employees

This area-source employment estimate is used to “scale up” emissions reported from those
facilities surveyed in 2002 as follows:
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Total area-source
emissions from misc.
solvent use (tons/yr)

= per-employee emission factor × Total area-source employment
in relevant SIC categories
= 4.509 lbs/employee

× 26,978 employees

= 121,636.6 lbs/yr
= 60.82 tons VOC/yr

Ozone season-day emissions are calculated based on operating schedule data reported by
surveyed facilities. From annual emission surveys, the modal values were identified for two
items: days/week and seasonal activity as a percentage of annual activity. This data was used to
calculate typical season-day emissions as follows:
Season-day VOC emissions = Annual emissions (tons/yr) × season %
from area-source misc.
Days/week × Weeks/season
solvent use (lbs/day)
=
60.82 × 25%
5 × 13
=

× 2,000 lbs
ton
× 2,000

467.8 lbs VOC/day

Annual and season-day emissions for the ozone nonattainment area were calculated by
multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals by the percentage industrial employment
within the nonattainment area. (See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the employment data used.)
VOC emissions from area = Annual Maricopa County
source misc. solvent use
emissions
in the ozone NAA (tons/yr)
= 60.82 tons/yr

× NAA:County ratio of
industrial employment
× 98.09%

= 59.66 tons VOC/yr

Table 3.4–16 summarizes annual and season-day emissions from area-source miscellaneous
industrial solvent use in both Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area.
Table 3.4–16. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area source miscellaneous industrial solvent use.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
60.82
467.8
Ozone NAA
59.66
458.9

3.4.6

Pesticide application: agricultural

Pesticides are substances used to control nuisance weeds (herbicides), insects (insecticides),
fungi (fungicides), and rodents (rodenticides). Formulations of pesticides are made through the
combination of the pest-killing material referred to as the active ingredient, and various solvents
(which act as carriers for the pest-killing material) referred to as the inert ingredient. Both types
of ingredients contain VOCs that can potentially be emitted to the air either during application or
as a result of evaporation. Application rates for a particular pesticide may vary from crop to
crop. Application of pesticides can be from the ground or from the air.
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The Arizona Agricultural Statistics Service (AASS) provided MCESD with data on agricultural
pesticide usage for 2002. The data included the active ingredient, the amount of active
ingredient, and the date and number of acres applied (AASS, 2003) as shown in Appendix 3.1.
VOC emissions from the active ingredients were calculated using the preferred method outlined
in EIIP guidance (US EPA, 2001f). VOC emissions from the inert ingredients were calculated
using an EPA default for inert ingredient components (US EPA, 2001f). The EPA methods only
apply to ground applications. Currently, EPA has no recommended method for calculating VOC
emissions from aerial application of pesticides. According to EIIP guidance, a major factor in
losses by aerial application is drift, and neither equations nor experimental data are currently
available to permit predictions of these losses or the development of emission factors (US EPA,
2001f). AASS did not provide data on the method of application (air vs. ground application),
thus, the amount of active ingredient (AI) applied by ground in 2002 was estimated for each
active ingredient using 1999 data on ground and aerial application (MCESD, 2002), as in this
example for Diazinon, the active ingredient contained in the pesticide Diazinon AG500:
Amount of Diazinon = Total Diazinon applied
applied by ground
in 2002 (lbs)
(lbs/yr)
= 369.73 lbs

× 1999 AI applied by ground (lbs)
1999 Total AI applied (lbs)
×

880,113 lbs
4,345,836 lbs

= 74.87 lbs

The emission factors for the active ingredients were determined based on the vapor pressure of
the active ingredient (US EPA, 2001, Table 9.4-4). Vapor pressure of the active ingredient was
obtained from multiple sources including: EIIP guidance (US EPA 2001f), the Crop Protection
Handbook (Meister Pro, 2003) and from the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality (Yu,
2004). Because data was not available regarding surface application vs. soil incorporation, the
more conservative of the two emission factors (surface application) was used. Annual VOC
emissions from the active ingredient of the pesticide applied were calculated as in this example
for Diazinon:
Annual VOC emissions
= Total Diazinon applied
from AI Diazinon (lbs/yr)
by ground (lbs/yr)
= 74.87 lbs

× AI Diazinon emission factor from
AP-42, Table 9.4-4 (lbs VOC/lb AI)
× 0.35 lbs VOC/lb of AI Diazinon

= 26.20 lbs VOC/yr

Annual VOC emissions from the inert ingredient components of pesticides are calculated as in
this example for Diazinon:
Annual VOC emissions from
inert ingredient component for
Diazinon AG500 (lbs/yr)

= Lbs. Diazinon applied
by ground

× EPA VOC default factor for
inert ingredients components

= 74.87 lbs
= 108.56 lbs VOC/yr

× 1.45

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Total VOC emissions for each pesticide applied was then calculated by summing the VOC
emissions from the active ingredient and the inert ingredient as in this example for the pesticide
Diazinon AG500:
Total annual VOC emissions
from Diazinon AG 500 (lbs/yr)

= Annual VOC emissions from + Annual VOC emissions
AI of Diazinon (lbs/yr)
from inert ingredients
= 26.2 lbs
= 134.8 lbs VOC/yr

+ 108.6 lbs

This procedure was followed for each pesticide that was used in 2002. Totaling these calculated
emissions resulted in 377.00 tons of VOC emissions from agricultural pesticide usage in 2002.
Ozone season-day emissions were calculated by dividing ozone season emissions (July–
September; 546,027 lbs) by an application schedule of 6 days a week for the 13 weeks of the
ozone season, as follows:
Ozone season-day VOC
= Ozone season emissions from
emissions from agricultural
pesticides (lbs)
pesticides (lbs/day)
= 546,027 lbs
= 7,000.3 lbs of VOC/day

÷ (6 days/week × 13 weeks/season)

÷ 78

Annual and ozone season-day emissions for the ozone nonattainment area were derived by
multiplying the county annual and ozone season-day emissions by the percentage of agricultural
land located in the ozone NAA (44.53%; see Section 1.5.2 for a discussion of land-use data
used).
Table 3.4–17. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from agricultural pesticide application.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Geographic area
Maricopa County
377.00
7,000.3
Ozone NAA
167.88
3,117.3

3.4.7

Consumer and commercial solvent use

Consumer and commercial products emissions include all emissions from seven product
categories: personal care products, household products, automotive aftermarket products,
adhesives and sealants, FIFRA-regulated products, coatings and related products, and
miscellaneous products.
Annual area source VOC emissions from consumer and commercial products are calculated by
multiplying per-capita emission factors from EIIP guidance (US EPA, 1996) by the population
estimates for Maricopa County (3,549,693) and the ozone nonattainment area (3,481,807) (see
Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of population data). Ozone season-day emissions for the county
and the ozone NAA are calculated by dividing annual emissions 365 days as activity is assumed
to occur uniformly throughout the year according to EIIP guidance (US EPA, 2001c).

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Table 3.4–18. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from consumer and commercial products.
Emission
Maricopa County
Ozone NAA
factor
Annual
Season day
Annual
Season day
(lbs/person) (tons/yr)
Product category
(lbs/day)
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Personal care
2.32
4,117.64
22,562.4
4,038.90
22,130.9
Household
0.79
1,402.13
7,682.9
1,375.31
7,536.0
Automotive aftermarket
1.36
2,413.79
13,226.3
2,367.63
12,973.3
Adhesives/sealants
0.57
1,011.66
5,543.4
992.31
5,437.3
FIFRA-Regulated
1.78
3,159.23
17,310.8
3,098.81
16,979.8
Coatings and related
0.95
1,686.10
9,238.9
1,653.86
9,062.2
Miscellaneous
0.07
124.24
680.8
121.86
667.7
Totals:
7.84
13,914.80
76,245.5
13,648.68
74,787.3

3.4.8

Asphalt application

Asphalt is applied to pave, seal, and repair surfaces such as roads, parking lots, drives, walkways, roofs, and airport runways. Area-source emissions from asphalt application are calculated
by first allocating 2002 state-level asphalt usage data (Asphalt Institute, 2004) to Maricopa
County and the ozone nonattainment area by the use of two surrogates: vehicle miles traveled
(VMT) and population. Table 3.4–19 lists 2002 vehicle miles traveled (VMT) and population
for Arizona state, Maricopa County and the ozone NAA. (See Chapters 1 and 5, respectively, for
a discussion of population and VMT data used).
Table 3.4–19. Vehicle miles traveled (VMT) and population data.
Total residential
Geographic area
VMT
population
Arizona
142,275,000 (1)
5,472,750
Maricopa County
73,579,000
3,296,250
Ozone NAA
67,524,300
3,232,387
1. from ADOT, 2004.

Maricopa County asphalt usage is allocated from state-level usage for three categories of asphalt
application: roofing, cutback and emulsified. Population was used to allocate state-wide roofing
asphalt usage to county-levels, while VMT was used to allocate cutback and emulsified asphalt
to county levels (US EPA, 2001a); as in this example for cutback asphalt:
2002 county cutback = 2002 Arizona cutback asphalt usage
asphalt usage (tons/yr)
(tons/yr)
= 14,192
= 7,340 tons/yr

× 2002 county:state VMT ratio

× ( 73,579,000 ÷ 142,275,000 )

Table 3.4–20 details state and county asphalt usage by type and they county:state allocation
factor used.
Table 3.4–20. Annual asphalt usage, by type.
2002 Arizona
County:state
asphalt usage
allocation factor
(tons/yr)
(surrogate measure)
Asphalt type
Cutback
14,192
51.72% (VMT)
Emulsified
47,079
51.72% (VMT)
Roofing
6,519
60.23% (population)
2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

83

County asphalt
usage (tons/yr)
7,339.54
24,347.40
3,926.41
Maricopa County, AZ

County annual VOC emissions from cutback asphalt are calculated by multiplying annual usage
of cutback asphalt by an emission factor derived based on the percent volume of VOCs in the
diluent. The diluent content of cutback asphalt typically ranges between 25 to 45 percent VOC
by volume. The midpoint of 35 percent was used for Maricopa County as actual diluent percentages were not available, and because all cutback asphalt used in the county was assumed to be
“medium cure”, as “rapid cure” blends are prohibited by county rule. An emission factor of 0.20
pounds of VOC per pound of cutback asphalt was used, based on the 35 percent VOC (by
volume) content of the diluent (US EPA, 2001a), to derive annual emissions as follows:
Annual VOC emissions from cutback
asphalt in Maricopa County (tons/yr)

= Maricopa County cutback × Emission factor
asphalt usage (tons/yr)
(ton/ton)
= 7,339.54
= 1,467.91 tons VOC/yr

× 0.20

Emissions from emulsified asphalt were calculated similarly, using a VOC emission factor of
0.0263 ton/ton. Emissions from roofing asphalt were calculated by multiplying the amount of
asphalt melted in roofing kettles during hot-applied methods by an emission factor for asphalt
roofing kettles (US EPA, 2000a). It was conservatively assumed that all roofing asphalt used in
Maricopa County is melted through hot-applied methods. Thus, annual emissions are calculated
as follows:
Annual VOC emissions from roofing
asphalt in Maricopa County (tons/yr)

= Maricopa County roofing × emission factor ÷ unit conversion factor
asphalt usage (tons/yr)
(lbs/ton)
(lbs/ton)
= 3,926.41
= 12.17 tons VOC/yr

× 6.2

÷ 2,000

For all three types of asphalt application, it was assumed that asphalt application occurs equally
throughout the calendar year, with cutback and emulsified application occurring 7 days a week
and roofing asphalt application occurring 5 days a week. Therefore, ozone season-day VOC
emissions for the county are calculated by dividing county annual emissions by the number of
days activity occurs during the year, as in this example for cutback asphalt:
Season-day VOC emissions
= Annual emissions × unit conversion factor
from cutback asphalt (lbs/day)
(tons/yr)
(lbs/ton)
= 1,467.91
× 2,000
= 8,043.3 lbs VOC/day

÷ activity schedule
(days/yr)
÷ 365

Annual and season-day emissions for the ozone nonattainment area were calculated by
multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals by the percentage of VMT within the
nonattainment area (for cutback and emulsified asphalt) and by the percentage of population
within the nonattainment area (for roofing asphalt) as in this example for annual VOC emissions
from cutback asphalt in the ozone nonattainment area:
Annual VOC emissions from = Maricopa County cutback
cutback asphalt in the NAA
asphalt usage (tons/yr)
(tons/yr)
= 1,467.91
= 1,347.12 tons VOC/yr
2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

84

× Ratio of NAA:County VMT

× 0.9177

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 3.4–21. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from asphalt application.
Maricopa County
Ozone nonattainment area
Annual
Season-day
Annual
Season-day
emissions
emissions
emissions
emissions
Asphalt type
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Cutback
1,467.91
8,043.3
1,347.12
7,381.5
Emulsified
640.34
3,508.7
587.64
3,220.0
Roofing
12.17
93.6
11.94
91.8
Totals:
2,120.42
11,645.7
1,946.70
10,693.2

3.4.9

Summary of all area source solvent use

Table 3.4–22. Summary of annual and season-day VOC emissions from all area-source solvent use.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
31,817.28
210,530.0
Ozone NAA
30,873.65
202,023.5

3.5

Storage and transport

3.5.1

Bulk plants/terminals

Emissions from this source category were calculated by summing reported VOC emissions from
bulk terminals and plants emissions inventory reports. It is assumed that there are no
unpermitted bulk terminals or plants in Maricopa County. To avoid double-counting, emissions
from bulk terminals and bulk plants treated as point sources (totaling 210.58 tons)1 were
subtracted from total emissions to derive total annual emissions from area-source bulk terminals
and bulk plants of 40.15 tons/yr. Since all bulk terminals and bulk plants considered in this
section are located within the ozone nonattainment area, total emission values for the county and
the ozone NAA are equal.
Ozone season-day emissions are then calculated based on operational data provided in the annual
emissions inventory as follows:
Ozone season-day = Area source annual emissions (tons/yr) × (summer %) × 2,000 lbs
emissions (lbs/day)
Days of operation/week × weeks/season
ton
=

40.15 × 25% × 2,000
5 × 13

= 308.9 lbs/day
Table 3.5–1. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source bulk terminals and bulk plants.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
40.15
308.9
Ozone NAA
40.15
308.9

1
This figure reflects the total emissions reported from these facilities before the application of rule effectiveness where appropriate, and
thus may be lower than the emission totals from point sources presented in Chapter 2.

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85

Maricopa County, AZ

3.5.2

Volatile organic liquid (VOL) storage and transport

Emissions from this source category were calculated by summing reported VOC emissions from
volatile organic liquid storage/transfer emissions inventory reports. (It is assumed that there are
no significant unpermitted volatile organic liquid storage/transfer facilities in Maricopa County.)
To avoid double counting, emissions from those facilities treated as point sources (totaling 0.20
tons) are addressed in Chapter 2. Since all facilities considered in this section are located within
the ozone nonattainment area, total emission values for the county and the ozone NAA are equal.
Ozone season-day emissions are calculated based on the operating schedule data reported by
volatile organic liquid storage / transfer facilities. From annual emission surveys, the modal
values were identified for two items: days/week and seasonal activity as a percentage of annual
activity. This data was used to calculate typical season-day emissions as follows:
Season-day VOC
emissions

= Annual emissions (tons/yr) × season %
Days/week × Weeks/season
=
25.42 × 25%
7 × 13
=
139.7 lbs VOC/day

× 2,000 lbs
ton
× 2,000

Table 3.5–2. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source organic liquid storage/transfer.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
25.42
139.7
Ozone NAA
25.42
139.7

3.5.3

Petroleum tanker truck fuel delivery

Following EPA methodologies (US EPA, 2001b), annual VOC emissions from tanker truck fuel
delivery to outlets are calculated by multiplying gasoline sales (1,468,658,402 gallons (ADOT,
2003)) by emission factors found in AP-42 Table 5.2-7 (US EPA, 1995b) for each filling
technology. Based on 2002 emissions survey data, 98.5% of gasoline is delivered using
balanced submerged filling with the remaining 1.5% delivered by submerged filling. Annual
emissions in the ozone nonattainment area are allocated by multiplying annual county emissions
by the percentage of retail gasoline outlets located in the nonattainment area (96.39%).
VOC emissions from
=
balanced submerged filling
=
=
=
VOC emissions from
submerged filling

Gas sales (Mgals) × % delivered by fill technology × emission factor (lbs/Mgals)
1,468,658.402
× 98.5%
433,988.6 lbs
216.99 tons VOC/yr

× 0.3

= Gas sales (Mgals) × % delivered by fill technology × emission factor (lbs/Mgals)
= 1,468,658.402
× 1.5%
= 160,818.1 lbs
= 80.41 tons VOC/yr

× 7.3

Ozone season-day emissions are calculated by multiplying ozone-season gasoline sales (July–
September) by the emission factors listed above, then dividing by the product of the number of
weeks in the ozone season (13) and the number of days a week (6) deliveries occur during the
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Maricopa County, AZ

ozone season. Season-day emissions in the ozone nonattainment area are allocated based on the
percentage of retail gasoline outlets located in the nonattainment area (96.39%).
Season-day VOC
=
emissions from
balanced submerged fill
=
=

Total seasonal gas sales × % fill tech. × emission factor ÷ (days/week × wks/season)
(Mgals)
(lbs/MGals)
360,957.386
1,367.5 lbs VOC/day

× 98.5%

× 0.3

÷ (6 × 13)

Table 3.5–3. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from tanker truck fuel delivery.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
297.40
1,874.2
Ozone NAA
286.67
1,806.5

3.5.4

Petroleum tanker trucks in transit

Gasoline trucks in transit VOC emissions are dependent on the number of times gasoline is
distributed inside the inventory area. Gasoline distribution may occur once (from bulk terminals
to retail outlets) or twice (distribution to bulk plants, then retail outlets). Annual VOC emissions
from gasoline trucks in transit are calculated by the following formula (US EPA, 2001b):
TTE = (TGD × LEF × GTA) + (TGD × UEF × GTA)
2,000
where:
TTE = Total gasoline emissions from tank trucks in transit (tons/yr)
TGD = Total gasoline distributed in area (Mgals)
LEF = Loaded tank truck in-transit emission factor (lbs/Mgals) (AP-42, Table 5.2-5)
UEF = Unloaded tank truck in-transit emission factor (lbs/Mgals) (AP-42, Table 5.2-5)
GTA = Gasoline transportation adjustment factor (1.25; US EPA historical default)

Substituting Maricopa County values in the above equation yields:
= (1,468,658.402 Mgals/yr × 0.005 lbs/Mgals × 1.25) + (1,468,658.402 Mgals/yr × 0.055 lbs/Mgals × 1.25)
2,000
= 55.07 tons VOC/yr

Ozone season-day VOC emissions are calculated using the same formula as above by using only
the gasoline distributed during the ozone season (July–September) (360,957,386 gallons (ADOT,
2003)), and dividing the resultant total by the product of the number of weeks (13) in the ozone
season and the number of days (6) gasoline distribution occurs each week.
VOC emissions from gasoline trucks in transit in the ozone nonattainment area are allocated by
the percentage (96.39%) of County retail gasoline outlets located in the ozone nonattainment
area (US EPA, 2001b).
Table 3.5–4. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from gasoline trucks in transit.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
55.07
347.1
Ozone NAA
53.09
334.5

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Maricopa County, AZ

3.5.5

Service stations, breathing/emptying

Following EPA methodologies (US EPA, 2001b), annual VOC emissions from storage tank
breathing and emptying are calculated by multiplying annual gasoline throughput (1,468,658,402
gallons (ADOT, 2003)) by the emission factor for underground tank breathing and emptying (1.0
lb/Mgal) found in AP-42 Table 5.2-7 (US EPA, 1995b).
Annual emissions from breathing = gasoline throughput (Mgal) × emission factor (lb/Mgal)
and emptying losses (tons/yr)
2,000
= 1,468,658.402 Mgal × 1.0 lb/Mgal
2,000
= 734.33 tons/yr

Ozone season-day VOC emissions are calculated using the same formula as above, using only
the gasoline distributed during the ozone season (July–September) (360,957,386 gallons (ADOT,
2003)) and dividing by the product of the number of weeks (13) in the ozone season and the
number of days per week (7) gasoline storage occurs.
VOC emissions from breathing and emptying losses in the ozone nonattainment area are
allocated by the percentage (96.39%) of retail gasoline outlets operating in the ozone
nonattainment area (US EPA, 2001b).
Table 3.5–5. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from gasoline marketing breathing and emptying
losses.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
734.33
3,966.6
Ozone NAA
707.82
3,823.4

3.5.6

Vehicle refueling

Following EPA guidance (US EPA, 2001b), annual VOC emissions from vehicle refueling are
calculated by multiplying the annual gasoline throughput (1,468,658,402 gallons (ADOT, 2003))
by a vehicle refueling factor estimated from the MOBILE6 model (MAG, 2004) as follows:
Annual VOC emissions = Annual gasoline
× MOBILE6 vehicle
from vehicle refueling
throughput (gals)
refueling factor (g/gal)
(tons/yr)
= 1,468,658,402 gals × 0.64 g/gal

÷ unit conversion factor

÷

908,000 grams
ton

= 1,035.18 tons VOC/yr

Ozone season-day emissions were calculated using the same formula as above with ozone season
specific data. First, ozone season emissions were estimated using the gasoline distributed during
the ozone season (July–September) (360,957,386 gallons (ADOT, 2003)) and the ozone season
vehicle refueling factor (0.68 g/gal). Then, ozone season emissions were divided by 91, the
product of the number of weeks (13) in the ozone season and the number of days (7) vehicle
refueling occurs each week.

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88

Maricopa County, AZ

Annual and season-day emissions for the ozone nonattainment area were calculated by
multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals by the percentage (96.39%) of retail gasoline
outlets operating in the ozone nonattainment area (US EPA, 2001b).
Table 3.5–6. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from vehicle refueling.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
1,035.18
5,941.1
Ozone NAA
997.81
5,726.6

3.5.7

Summary of all area source storage and transport

Table 3.5–7. Summary of annual and season-day VOC emissions from area-source storage and transport.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
2,187.56
12,577.5
Ozone NAA
2,110.96
12,139.6

3.6

Waste treatment and disposal

3.6.1

On-site incineration

This section includes emissions from on-site industrial incinerators, primarily burn-off ovens
used to reclaim electric wire or other materials. Emissions from human and animal crematories
are addressed in Section 3.7.2.2. There were no incinerators at residential (e.g., apartment
complexes) or commercial/institutional facilities (e.g., hospitals, service establishments) in
operation during 2002.
Emissions from on-site incineration were determined from annual emission inventory reports.
Of the four incinerators under permit in 2002, two were surveyed and reported annual emissions.
As all four facilities are roughly similar in terms of capacity, these survey results were doubled
to estimate total annual and season-day emissions from all four incinerators in Maricopa County.
All four facilities are located within the ozone nonattainment area, thus total emissions for the
county and NAA are equal.
Table 3.6–1. Annual and season-day emissions from on-site incineration.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
County
1.02
28.90
0.59
7.8
222.3
4.5
Ozone NAA
1.02
28.90
0.59
7.8
222.3
4.5

3.6.2 Open burning
Emissions from controlled open burning are regulated by MCESD Rule 314, which requires a
burn permit for open burning in Maricopa County. Burn permits are issued primarily for purposes of agricultural ditch bank and fencerow burning, tumbleweed burning, land clearance, air
curtain destructor burning of trees, and fire fighting training. Maricopa County’s burn permit
data base was used to identify all burn permits issued during 2002. A total of 140 permits were
issued during the year; however, not all permit applications contained the information needed to
2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

89

Maricopa County, AZ

calculate emissions. Where data were missing, activity data for each permit category was grown
from those permits that contained information, as follows:
Total activity =

∑ activity reported × number of permits with activity data
total number of permits issued

Example:
Total ditch 85 ditchbank/fencerow burn permits issued
= 973,885 linear ft ×
= 2,854,491 linear ft
bank/fencerows
29 permits with quantitative data

Reported and estimated activity data for each open burning category are summarized in Table
3.6–2. Permits issued for fire fighting training will be addressed in Section 3.7.1.2, Structure
fires.
Table 3.6–2. 2002 burn permit activity data used to estimate the amount of material burned.
Number of
Total
Activity grown to
Unit of
Total reported
permits with
permits
total number of
Category
measure
activity
activity data
issued
permits issued
Ditchbank/fencerow Linear ft
973,885
29
85
2,854,491
Land clearance
Acres
1,345
17
34
2,690
Land clearance
Piles
69
8
34
293
Air curtain
Trees
200
1
2
400
Tumbleweeds
Piles
9
3
8
24

The above activity data were converted to tons material burned using fuel loading factors from
AP-42, Table 2.5-5 (US EPA, 1992). The emission and loading factors used are shown in Table
3.6–3.
Table 3.6–3. Emission and fuel loading factors for open burning.
Emission factors (lb/ton burned)
Category
VOC
NOx
CO
Weeds, unspecified
9
4
85
Russian Thistle (tumbleweeds)
1.5
4
309
Orchard Crops: Citrus
9
4
81

Fuel loading
factor
3.2 tons/acre
0.1 tons/acre
1.0 tons/acre

The following assumptions were made based on previous MCESD emission inventory work:
• Ditch banks and fence rows in Maricopa County average 7 feet in width and are burned
twice per year (MCESD, 1999).
• A pile of tumbleweeds 15 feet in diameter and 5 feet high weighs 200 lbs (MCESD,
1993). This is equivalent to the AP-42 fuel loading factor for tumbleweeds – 0.1
tons/acre.
• The estimated weight of a mature, partially dried citrus tree, including trunk, limbs and
bulk of root is 500 lbs per tree (MCESD, 1993).
To calculate the annual amount of material burned on ditch banks and fence rows in Maricopa
County, MCESD estimated the area burned and then applied AP-42 fuel loading factor. The tons
of material burned in ditch banks and fence rows in Maricopa County were estimated as follows:

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Maricopa County, AZ

Material burned
for ditch bank and
fence row burning

= 2,854,491 ft length × 7 ft width × 3.2 tons/acre × 2 times/yr
43,560 ft2 / acre
= 2,936 tons material burned/yr

Activity data for the other categories were similarly converted to material burned using AP-42
fuel loading factors.
Annual emissions were then calculated by multiplying the amount of material burned by
emission factors listed in AP-42 (Table 3.6–3.) for each open burning category. To account for
unpermitted illegal outdoor burning, the county’s Air Quality Complaint data base was
examined, which indicated 65 illegal outdoor open burning complaints (mostly residential) and 6
issued Notices of Violation. All calculated emissions estimates were thus increased by 10
percent, as a conservative estimate.
Annual CO emissions from
= Total material burned
ditchbank and fence row burning
= 2,936 tons
= 124.78 tons CO/yr

× emission factor

× unit conversion factor

× 85 lbs/ton

× 1 ton / 2,000 lbs

Total annual CO emissions
= Calculated emissions from permit data + unpermitted burning adjustment factor
including unpermitted burning
= 124.78 tons/yr + (10% x 124.78)
= 137.25 tons CO/yr

Table 3.6–4 summarizes the annual emissions for Maricopa County from each open burning
category.
Table 3.6–4. Annual emissions from open burning.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Category
Ton-equivalents
NOx
VOC
CO
Ditchbank/fencerow
2,935.7
14.53
6.46
137.25
Land clearance
9,545.5
47.26
21.00
446.25
Air curtain
100.0
0.50
0.22
4.46
Tumbleweeds
2.4
0.00
0.01
0.41
62.28
27.68
588.36
Totals:

Annual emissions for the nonattainment area are calculated by multiplying the percentage of
agricultural and/or vacant land use located in the ozone nonattainment area by the Maricopa
County emission totals. (See Section 1.5.2 for a discussion of the land-use data used.) Table
3.6–5 summarizes the annual emissions for the ozone nonattainment area.
Table 3.6–5. Surrogate land-use classes, ratios, and annual emissions from open burning in the ozone NAA.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Surrogate land-use
2000 NAA:County
Category
categories
land-use ratio
NOx
VOC
CO
Ditchbank/fencerow agriculture
44.53%
6.47
2.88
61.12
Land clearance
vacant
15.62%
7.38
3.28
69.70
Air curtain
agriculture and vacant
19.53%
0.10
0.04
0.87
Tumbleweeds
agriculture and vacant
19.53%
0.00
0.00
0.08
Totals:
13.95
6.20
131.77

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Maricopa County, AZ

It was assumed that open burning occurs 5 days per week (most burn permits are issued for
weekdays but permits may be issued on weekends depending on circumstances) and open
burning occurs evenly during the ozone season months (July–September). A seasonal
adjustment factor was derived as follows:
Seasonal adjustment factor = # of permits issued July–Sept. for the category
total # of permits issued in 2002 for the category
Example:
Seasonal adjustment factor for = 13 permits issued during July–Sept. for ditchbank/fencerow burning
ditchbank/fencerow burning
85 total permits issued in 2002 for ditchbank/fencerow burning
= 15.29%

Ozone season-day emissions for Maricopa County are derived using the following formula:
Ozone season-day CO emissions = (annual CO emissions lbs) × (seasonal adjustment factor)
emissions (lbs/day)
(# of burn days/week) × (# of season weeks/yr)
Season-day CO emissions from
ditchbank/fencerow burning

= 274,500 lbs × 0.1529
5 days/wk × 13 wks/yr
= 645.9 lbs CO/day

Ozone season-day emissions for the nonattainment area are calculated by multiplying the
percentage of agricultural and/or vacant land use located in the nonattainment area (listed in
Table 3.6–5) by the total County season-day emissions. Table 3.6–6 summarizes ozone seasonday emissions from open burning for both Maricopa County and the ozone nonattainment area.
Table 3.6–6. Season-day emissions (lbs/day) from open burning.
Maricopa County
Ozone nonattainment area
NOx
NOx
Category
VOC
CO
VOC
CO
Ditchbank/fencerow
68.4
30.4
645.9
30.5
13.5
287.6
Land clearance
256.5
114.0
2,423.1
40.0
17.9
378.5
Air curtain
7.6
3.4
68.5
1.5
0.7
13.4
Tumbleweeds
0.0
0.0
1.6
0.0
0.0
0.3
Totals:
332.6
147.8
3,139.1
72.0
32.0
679.8

3.6.3

Landfills

Emissions from municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills come from uncontrolled landfill gas
emissions as well as from combustion from control measures, such as a flare. Total emissions
were calculated from annual emissions inventory reports from all landfills located within the
county. Two MSW landfills (Butterfield Station and Allied Waste Industries Southwest
Regional Facility) are considered point sources and are reported in Chapter 2 . All other MSW
landfills are reported here as area source landfills.
Since there are no area source landfills located outside the ozone nonattainment area, total
emission values for the county and the ozone nonattainment area are equal. Season-day
emissions were calculated based on reported activity data (days per week) for each individual

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Maricopa County, AZ

process, and then summed. Nearly all processes reported operating on a 7-day week. Annual
and daily emissions are shown in Table 3.6–7.
Table 3.6–7. Annual and season-day emissions from landfills.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
County
10.31
10.44
27.35
56.7
57.4
150.3
Ozone NAA
10.31
10.44
27.35
56.7
57.4
150.3

3.6.4

Publicly owned treatment works (POTWs)

Emissions from publicly owned treatment works (POTWs) were calculated by multiplying percapita emission factors from EPA guidance (US EPA, 2001i) by population estimates and percapita wastewater usage estimates of 100 gallons per day per person (Tchobanoglous, 1979).
Ozone season-day emissions were calculated by multiplying annual emissions by a 35% season
adjustment factor and then dividing by 91 days per season (7 days/wk × 13 wks/season; US EPA,
2001c).
Table 3.6–8. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from publicly-owned treatment works (POTWs).
VOC emission
Annual
Season-day
factor (lbs/106
emissions
emissions
Geographic area
Population
gals treated)
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
3,549,693
8.9
576.56
4,435.1
Ozone NAA
3,481,807
8.9
565.53
4,350.3

3.6.5

Remediation of leaking underground storage tanks

Leaking underground storage tanks (LUST) are typically not considered a quantifiable source of
air emissions until excavation and remediation efforts begin. The majority of air emissions from
LUST site remediations occur during initial site action, which is typically tank removal.
Emissions from soil occur as the tank is being removed and when soil is deposited on the ground
before treatment/disposal occurs (US EPA, 2001d).
A default emission rate of 28 lbs/day per remediation event was used to estimate VOC emissions
from LUST remediations (US EPA, 2001d). Data obtained from the Arizona Department of
Environmental Quality Leaking Underground Storage Tank Section indicated that 57 confirmed
LUST releases occurred in Maricopa County in 2002 (ADEQ, 2004). Data were not available on
the number or date of remediations that occurred in 2002; therefore, it was conservatively
assumed that all 57 LUST releases were remediated in 2002 during the ozone season. It was also
assumed that an initial site action (tank and soil removal) for an average LUST remediation lasts
five days. Thus, annual emissions attributable to remediations in Maricopa County were calculated as follows:
Annual VOC emissions
from LUST remediations =28 lbs VOC
day

× 57 remediations

× 5 days
remediation

× 1 ton
2,000 lbs

= 3.99 tons/yr

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Ozone season-day emissions were calculated by dividing annual values by 65 (5 days/wk × 13
wks/ozone season). Annual and season-day emissions for the ozone nonattainment area were
calculated by multiplying the Maricopa County totals by the percentage of retail gasoline outlets
located in the ozone NAA (96.39%).
Table 3.6–9. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from remediation of leaking underground storage
tanks.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
Geographic area
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Maricopa County
3.99
122.8
Ozone NAA
3.85
118.3

3.6.6

Other industrial waste disposal

Annual area-source emissions from other waste disposal were derived from annual emissions
reports from permitted facilities. Industrial waste disposal processes include a wide array of
industrial activities that are often specific to the permitted facility that reported the process. For
this reason, it is assumed there are no significant emissions from this category, other than those
reported by permitted facilities on their annual emission reports. Ozone season-day emissions
are calculated based on operating schedule information provided by the facilities in their annual
emissions report.
All facilities that reported area-source emissions from other waste disposal are located inside the
ozone nonattainment area; therefore emissions for Maricopa County and the ozone NAA are
equal.
Table 3.6–10. Annual and season-day emissions from other waste disposal.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
VOC
NOx
Maricopa County
1.54
0.33
11.8
2.6
Ozone NAA
1.54
0.33
11.8
2.6

3.6.7

Summary of all area-source waste treatment and disposal

Table 3.6–11. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from area-source waste treatment and disposal.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
County
655.70
67.36
616.30
4,966.7
430.0
3,293.9
Ozone NAA
596.19
45.87
159.71
4,616.9
314.2
834.6

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3.7

Miscellaneous area sources

3.7.1

Other combustion

3.7.1.1 Wildfires and brush fires
The Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, in cooperation with the United States Forest
Service, reported that one wildfire burned 1000 acres in the Tonto National Forest on July 16–
18, 2002. The wildfire occurred within Maricopa County but outside of the nonattainment area.
ADEQ also reported that negligible prescribed fires occurred in Maricopa County in 2002.
In addition, 2002 survey results from Maricopa County fire departments, the Bureau of Land
Management, and the Arizona State Land Department were used to calculate emissions from
brush fires. In some cases, the survey results included limited information on the average size of
fires. Thus, when acreage data was incomplete or unclear, each reported brush fire was assumed
to be equal to 0.1 acres. Survey results are included in Appendix 3.2. It was estimated that
7,054 brush fires occurred in Maricopa County in 2002 and burned approximately 1,656.5 acres.
Wildfire emission factors and fuel loading factors were obtained from the Western Regional Air
Partnership’s (WRAP) 1996 Fire Emission Inventory (WGA/WRAP, 2002), while brush fire
emission factor and fuel loading factors were obtained from AP-42 (US EPA, 1992). Both are
listed in Table 3.5–1. Estimates of the material burned in are derived by multiplying the number
of acres burned by the appropriate fuel loading factor. For wildfires, a “combustive efficiency”
factor of 90% is included in the calculation to reflect the fact that not all available material (fuel)
is consumed in a wildfire (WGA/WRAP, 2002).
Table 3.7–1. Emission factors and fuel loading factors for wildfires.
Number Fuel load- Emission factors (lbs/ton burned)
Fires
of acres
ing factor
Type of fire
reported
burned (tons/acre)
CO
VOC
NOx
Wildfire (Calif. chaparral)
1
1,000
19.5
13.6
6.2
289
Brush fire (weeds)
7,054
1,656.5
3.2
9*
4
85
*non-methane TOC; assumed NMOC=VOC

Annual emissions from wildfires in Maricopa County were calculated as follows.
Annual CO emissions
from wildfires in
Maricopa County

=acres burned × fuel loading factor × combustive efficiency × emission factor (lbs/ton)
2,000 lbs/ton
=1,000 acres burned × 19.5 tons/acre × 90% × 289 lbs/ton
2,000 lbs/ton
= 2,535.98 tons CO/yr

Because the 1,000-acre wildfire occurred in the Tonto National Forest, which is located outside
of the nonattainment area, emissions from wildfires within the nonattainment area were
determined to be zero. However, annual emissions from brush fires for the nonattainment area
were calculated by multiplying the Maricopa County annual emissions by the percentage of
vacant land located in the ozone nonattainment area (15.62%). See Section 1.5.2 for a discussion
of the land-use data used.

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Maricopa County, AZ

Annual CO emissions
from brush fires within
the ozone NAA

= Annual CO emissions
from brush fires, County total

× Percentage of vacant land
within the NAA

= 225.28 tons/yr
= 35.19 tons CO/yr

× 15.62%

Table 3.7–2. Annual emissions from wildfires and brush fires (tons/yr).
Maricopa County
Ozone nonattainment area
Type of fire
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Wildfires
119.34
54.41
2,535.98
0.00
0.00
0.00
Brush fires
23.85
10.60
225.28
3.73
1.66
35.19
Totals:
143.19
65.01
2,761.25
3.73
1.66
35.19

Since the 1,000-acre wildfire lasted three days, annual emissions from this category were divided
by 3 to derive “worst-case” daily emissions values. It was assumed that brush fires occur evenly
throughout the year. Thus, average daily emissions from brush fires were derived by dividing
the annual emissions for Maricopa County and the nonattainment area by a 365 days/yr, as
follows:
Season-day CO emissions
from wildfires in
Maricopa County

= 2,535.98 tons/yr × 2,000 lbs/ton
3 days/yr
= 1,690,650 lbs CO/day

Table 3.7–3. Season-day emissions from wildfires and brush fires (lbs/day).
Maricopa County
Ozone nonattainment area
Type of fire
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Wildfires
79,560.0
36,270.0
1,690,650.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Brush fires
130.7
58.1
1,234.4
20.4
9.1
192.8
Totals:
79,690.7
36,328.1
1,691,884.4
20.4
9.1
192.8

3.7.1.2 Structure fires
2002 structure fire data were obtained by surveying fire departments in Maricopa County and by
querying Maricopa County’s burn permit data base. The fire departments surveyed reported
3,597 structure fires in Maricopa County in 2002. The list of fire departments surveyed and
survey results are contained in Appendix 3.2. Eleven open burn permits were issued in 2002 for
fire training; these were included in the total number of estimated structure fires for 2002. It was
estimated that 3,608 structure fires occurred in Maricopa County in 2002.
Estimates of the material burned in a structure fire were determined by multiplying the number
of structure fires by a fuel loading factor of 1.15 tons of material per fire, which factors in percent structural loss and content loss (US EPA, 2001h). Tons of material burned were estimated
as the follows:
Material burned in
= 3,608 fires
× 1.15 tons/fire
structure fires (tons/yr)
= 4,149.2 tons material burned/yr

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Maricopa County, AZ

Table 3.7–4. Estimated material burned, emission factors and fuel loading factors for structure fires.
Structure
Fuel loading factor Material burned
Emission factors (lbs/ton)
fires reported
(tons/fire)
(tons)
VOC
NOx
CO
3,608
1.15
4,149.20
11
1.4
60

Annual emissions were then calculated by multiplying the amount of material burned by the
emission factors listed in Table 3.7–4 (US EPA, 2001h), as follows:
Annual CO emissions
from structure fires
Maricopa County

= Quantity of material burned × emission factor × unit conversion factor

= 4,149.20 tons × 60 lbs/ton × (1 ton/2,000 lbs.)
= 124.48 tons CO/yr

Annual emissions for the ozone nonattainment area were derived by multiplying Maricopa
County annual emissions by the percentage of total residential population within the ozone
nonattainment area (98.06%), as shown in the example below. See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion
of the population data used.
Annual CO emissions
from structure fires
within the ozone NAA

= annual CO emissions
for Maricopa County

× percentage of residential
population within the NAA

= 124.48 tons/yr

× 98.06%

= 122.07 tons CO/yr

It was assumed that structure fires occur 7 days a week; however, structure fires vary seasonally
and may increase during cold weather. Because local season-specific data were not available
from the fire department surveys, seasonal occurrences of residential and non-residential
structure fires reported by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) were used to
derive a seasonal adjustment factor for the ozone season (US EPA, 2001h). FEMA reported that
20.9% of residential structure fires and 23.7% of non-residential structural fires occurred during
July, August, and September 1994. Thus, an average occurrence of 22.3% [(20.9% + 23.7%) ÷
2] was used as a seasonal adjustment factor to estimate ozone season-day emissions.
Ozone season-day emission for Maricopa County were derived using the following formula:
Season-day CO emissions
from structure fires

=

annual CO emissions (lbs) × seasonal adjustment factor
7 days/wk × 13 weeks/season

= 248,960 × 22.3%
91
= 610.1 lbs CO/day
Table 3.7–5. Annual and season-day emissions from structure fires.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
County
22.82
2.90
124.48
111.9
14.2
610.1
Ozone NAA
22.38
2.85
122.06
109.7
14.0
598.2

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Maricopa County, AZ

3.7.1.3 Vehicle fires
2002 vehicle fire data were obtained by surveying fire departments in Maricopa County. The
fire departments surveyed reported 5,316 vehicle fires (4 boat fires were included in vehicle
fires) in Maricopa County in 2002. The list of fire departments surveyed and survey results are
presented in Appendix 3.2.
Annual emissions from vehicle fires are calculated by first multiplying the number of vehicle
fires by a fuel loading factor of per vehicle fire to estimate the annual amount of material burned
in vehicle fires. The amount of annual material burned in vehicle fires is then multiplied by
emission factors for open burning of automobile components as listed in AP-42 Table 2.5-1 (US
EPA, 2000b).
Annual CO emissions
from vehicle fires

= annual number × fuel loading factor × emission factor × unit conversion factor
of vehicle fires
= 5,316

× 0.25 tons/vehicle

× 125 lbs/ton

× (1 ton / 2,000 lbs)

= 83.06 tons CO/yr
Table 3.7–6. Estimated material burned, fuel loading factors, and emission factors for vehicle fires.
Emission factors (lbs/ton)
Vehicle fires
Fuel loading
Material
reported
factor (tons/fire)
burned (tons)
VOC*
NOx
CO
5,316
0.25
1,329
32
32
125
*non-methane TOC; assumed NMOC=VOC

Annual emissions for the ozone nonattainment area were derived by multiplying the Maricopa
County annual emissions by the percentage of total residential population within the ozone
nonattainment area (98.06%). See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the population data used.
Annual CO emissions
from vehicle fires in the
ozone NAA

= annual CO emissions
for Maricopa County

× percentage of total residential population
within the ozone NAA

= 83.06 tons/yr
= 81.45 tons CO/yr

× 98.06%

It was assumed that vehicle fires occur evenly throughout the year. Thus, ozone season-day
emissions were derived by dividing the Maricopa County and nonattainment area annual
emissions by 365 days/year. Results are shown in Table 3.7–7.
Table 3.7–7. Annual and season-day emissions from vehicle fires.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
County
21.26
2.66
83.06
116.5
14.6
455.1
Ozone NAA
20.85
2.61
81.45
114.3
14.3
446.3

3.7.1.4 Engine testing
Annual emissions from engine testing facilities were derived from annual emission reports from
permitted sources that were not considered point sources in this inventory. It was assumed that
there were no significant unpermitted sources within Maricopa County. Season-day emissions
2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

98

Maricopa County, AZ

were calculated based on operating schedule information provided in the facilities’ annual
emission reports.
Since all facilities considered in this section are located within the ozone nonattainment area,
total emission values for the county and the NAA are equal.
Table 3.7–8. Annual and season-day emissions from engine testing.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
County
1.50
4.26
3.67
17.8
87.9
95.9
Ozone NAA
1.50
4.26
3.67
17.8
87.9
95.9

3.7.2

Health services

3.7.2.1 Hospitals
Emissions from hospitals were calculated by the “scaling up” method as described in EPA
emission inventory guidance (US EPA, 2001c). This method combines detailed emissions data
from a subset of sources, and county-level employment data from the US Census Bureau (2003b)
to develop a per-employee emission factor that is then used to estimate emissions from all
sources in an industry category.
The most recent data from the US Census’ County Business Patterns (CBP) for 2001 employment, were used. CBP employment data for NAICS code 662110 (general medical and surgical
hospitals) indicated 34,799 employees in this industry in Maricopa County. Some facilities in
this category are considered point sources, and have been addressed in Chapter 2. To avoid
double-counting, employment at point sources is subtracted from total employment as follows:
Total area-source
employment in
hospitals

= Total employment (from US
– Employment at point sources
Census’ County Business Patterns)
(from annual emission reports)
= 34,799
= 29,473 employees

– 5,326

This area-source employment estimate is used to “scale up” emissions reported from those
facilities surveyed in 2002 as follows:
Total area-source = Emissions from surveyed area sources × Total area-source employment
emissions
Employment at surveyed area sources
Area-source VOC =
14.55 tons/yr
emissions from
21,637 employees
hospitals
= 19.82 tons VOC/yr

× 29,473 employees

Ozone season-day emissions are calculated based on the operating schedule data reported by
hospital facilities. From annual emission surveys, the modal values were identified for two
items: days/week and seasonal activity as a percentage of annual activity. This data was used to
calculate typical season-day emissions as follows:

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Maricopa County, AZ

Season-day VOC
emissions from
hospital

= Annual emissions (tons/yr) × season %
Days/week × Weeks/season

× 2,000 lbs
ton

=

× 2,000

=

19.82 × 25%
7 × 13
108.9 lbs VOC/day

Annual and season-day emissions for the ozone nonattainment area were calculated by
multiplying the Maricopa County emission totals by the percentage of population within the
nonattainment area. (See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the population data used.)
VOC emissions from
= Annual Maricopa County
area-source hospitals
emissions
in the ozone NAA (tons/yr)
= 19.82 tons/yr
= 19.44 tons VOC/yr

× NAA:County ratio of
population
× 98.06%

Table 3.7–9 summarizes annual and season-day emissions from hospitals in both Maricopa
County and the ozone nonattainment area.
Table 3.7–9. Annual and season-day VOC emissions from hospitals.
Annual emissions
Season-day emissions
(tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
Geographic area
Maricopa County
19.82
108.9
Ozone NAA
19.44
106.8

3.7.2.2 Crematories
Emissions from human and animal crematories were calculated by the “scaling up” method as
described in EPA emission inventory guidance (US EPA, 2001c). This method combines
detailed emissions data from a subset of sources, and county-level employment data from the US
Census Bureau (2003b) to develop a per-employee emission factor that is then used to estimate
emissions from all sources in an industry category.
The most recent data from the Census’ County Business Patterns (CBP), for 2001 employment,
were used. CBP employment data for NAICS code 81222 (cemeteries and crematories)
indicated 683 employees in this industry in Maricopa County. This employment estimate is used
to “scale up” emissions reported from those facilities surveyed in 2002 as follows:
Total area-source = Emissions from surveyed area sources × Total area-source employment
emissions
Employment at surveyed area sources
Area-source NOx =
emissions from
crematories
=

3.13 tons/yr
110

× 683 employees

19.46 tons NOx/yr

Season-day emissions are calculated based on the operating schedule data reported by surveyed
facilities. From annual emission surveys, the modal values were identified for two items:
days/week and seasonal activity as a percentage of annual activity. This data was used to
calculate typical season-day emissions as follows:
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100

Maricopa County, AZ

Season-day NOx
emissions from
crematories

= Annual emissions (tons/yr) × season %
Days/week × Weeks/season

× 2,000 lbs
ton

=

× 2,000

19.46 × 25%
5 × 13
= 149.7lbs NOx/day

As all facilities addressed in this source category are located within the ozone nonattainment
area, emission totals for both areas are equal. Annual and daily emissions are shown in Table
3.7–10.
Table 3.7–10. Annual and season-day emissions from crematories.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
County
0.35
19.46
1.06
2.7
149.7
8.2
Ozone NAA
0.35
19.46
1.06
2.7
149.7
8.2

3.7.3

Accidental releases

As part of its air quality permit compliance program, MCESD keeps an “upset log”, for each
calendar year that records excess emissions and accidental releases at permitted facilities.
Annual emissions inventory reports also provide for recording of accidental releases. Data from
these two sources documented the release of 0.51 tons of VOC, 1.08 tons of NOx, and 3.47 tons
of CO for the year 2002.
Season-day emissions are calculated based on the whether the reported release occurred during
the ozone season. If emissions occurred during the ozone season, those emissions were summed
and divided by the number of days in the ozone season to produce season-day emissions.
Emissions within the ozone nonattainment area are calculated based on locations of facilities that
reported releases. Results are shown in Table 3.7–11.
Table 3.7–11. Annual and season-day emissions from accidental releases.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Maricopa County
0.51
1.08
3.47
0.3
0.0
0.0
Ozone NAA
0.51
0.00
0.00
0.3
0.0
0.0

3.7.4

Summary of all miscellaneous area sources

Table 3.7–12. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from miscellaneous area sources.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Geographic area
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Maricopa County
209.46
95.36
2,976.99 80,048.8 36,594.5 1,693,053.6
Ozone NAA
68.76
30.82
243.43
372.0
274.9
1,341.4

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Maricopa County, AZ

3.8

Summary of all area sources

Tables 3.8–1 and 3.8–2 summarize the total annual and average daily emissions from all area
sources addressed in this chapter, for both Maricopa County and the ozone NAA, respectively.
Table 3.8–1. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from all area sources in Maricopa County.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Category
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Fuel Combustion:
Industrial natural gas
5.60
110.63
68.95
33.9
670.0
417.6
Industrial fuel oil
56.41
777.40
166.66
361.6
4,983.4
1,068.3
Commercial/institutional natural gas
53.86 1,068.63
655.00
281.5
5,585.3
3,423.4
Commercial/institutional fuel oil
137.77 1,798.63
386.20
529.9
6,917.8
1,485.4
Residential natural gas
45.15
771.72
328.39
144.5
2,469.4
1,050.8
Residential wood
2,912.16
33.06 3,212.28
0.0
0.0
0.0
Residential fuel oil
0.03
0.83
0.23
0.0
0.0
0.0
Total, all fuel combustion:
3,211.00 4,560.90 4,817.71
1,351.4 20,625.8
7,445.5
Industrial Processes:
Chemical manufacturing
Commercial cooking
Bakeries
Secondary metal production
Mineral Process
Rubber/plastic product mfg.
Fabricated metal product mfg.
Electrical equipment mfg.
State-permitted portable sources
Industrial processes, NEC
Total, all industrial processes:
Solvent Use:
Surface Coating:
–Architectural coatings
–Auto refinishing
–Traffic markings
–Flatwood
–Wood furniture
–Aircraft
–Misc. surface coating
Total, all surface coating:

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

14.84
95.84
29.54
54.69
18.82
518.50
20.64
95.51
67.61
14.91
930.91

1.08

0.07
273.50

0.03

0.00

16.28
572.42
0.05
589.86

138.43
0.98
412.98

9,270.23
3,339.51
509.21
221.74
480.09
85.09
707.11
14,612.98

114.2
526.6
189.3
309.0
144.7
3,988.5
158.8
524.8
431.0
114.7
6,501.7

8.3

0.5
1,502.8

0.2

0.0

89.4
3,821.3
0.4
3,919.7

925.9
7.5
2,436.7

67,234.6
25,688.5
5,170.4
1,705.7
3,693.0
654.5
5,439.3
109,586.1

102

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 3.8–1. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from all area sources in Maricopa County
(continued).
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Category
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Solvent Use: (continued)
Degreasing
244.26
1,878.9
Dry cleaning
26.44
162.7
Graphics arts
460.58
3,542.9
Misc. industrial solvent use
60.82
467.8
Agricultural pesticides
377.00
7,000.3
Consumer/ commercial solvent use
13,914.80
76,245.5
Asphalt application
2,120.42
11,645.7
Total, all solvent use:
31,817.28
210,530.0
Storage/Transport:
Bulk plants and terminals
VOL storage/transport
Fuel delivery
Trucks in transit
Station losses
Vehicle refueling
Total, all storage/transport:
Waste Treatment/Disposal:
On-site incineration
Open burning
Landfills
Publicly owned treatment works
Leaking underground storage tanks
Other waste treatment/disposal
All waste treatment/disposal:
Miscellaneous Area Sources:
Wildfires and brush fires
Structure fires
Vehicle fires
Engine testing
Hospitals
Crematories
Accidental releases
Total, all miscellaneous sources:
Total, all area sources:

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

40.15
25.42
297.40
55.07
734.33
1,035.18
2,187.56

308.9
139.7
1,874.2
347.1
3,966.6
5,941.1
12,577.5

1.02
62.28
10.31
576.56
3.99
1.54
655.70

28.90
27.68
10.44

0.59
588.36
27.35

0.33
67.36

616.30

143.19
22.82
21.26
1.50
19.82
0.35
0.51
209.46
39,011.90

65.01
2.90
2.66
4.26

2,761.25
124.48
83.06
3.67

19.46
1.08
95.36
5,313.47

1.06
3.47
2,976.99
8,823.98

103

7.8
332.6
56.7
4,435.1
122.8
11.8
4,966.7

222.3
147.8
57.4

4.5
3,139.1
150.3

2.6
430.0

3,293.9

79,690.7
111.8
116.5
17.8
108.9
2.7
0.3
80,048.8
315,976.1

36,328.1
14.2
14.6
87.9

1,691,884.4
610.1
455.1
95.9

149.7
0.0
36,594.5
61,570.0

8.2
0.0
1,693,053.6
1,706,229.7

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 3.8–2. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from all area sources within the ozone NAA.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Category
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Fuel Combustion:
Industrial natural gas
5.49
108.52
67.64
33.3
657.2
409.6
Industrial fuel oil
55.34
762.56
163.48
354.7
4,888.2
1,047.9
Commercial/institutional natural gas
52.94
1,050.35
643.80
276.7
5,489.8
3,364.9
Commercial/institutional fuel oil
135.41
1,767.88
379.59
520.8
6,799.5
1,460.0
Residential natural gas
44.33
757.67
322.41
141.9
2,424.4
1,031.7
Residential wood
2,859.16
32.46
3,153.82
0.0
0.0
0.0
Residential fuel oil
0.03
0.81
0.23
0.0
0.0
0.0
Total, all fuel combustion:
3,152.71
4,480.24
4,730.96
1,327.4 20,259.1
7,314.1
Industrial Processes:
Chemical manufacturing
Commercial cooking
Bakeries
Secondary metal production
Mineral Process
Rubber/plastic product mfg.
Fabricated metal product mfg.
Electrical equipment mfg.
State-permitted portable sources
Industrial processes, NEC
Total, all industrial processes:
Solvent Use:
Surface Coating:
–Architectural coatings
–Auto refinishing
–Traffic markings
–Flatwood
–Wood furniture
–Aircraft
–Misc. surface coating
Total, all surface coating:
Degreasing
Dry cleaning
Graphics arts
Misc. industrial solvent use
Agricultural pesticides
Consumer/ commercial solvent use
Asphalt application
Total, all solvent use:
Storage/Transport:
Bulk plants and terminals
VOL storage/transport
Fuel delivery
Trucks in transit
Station losses
Vehicle refueling
Total, all storage/transport:

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

14.56
94.01
28.97
54.69
18.46
508.60
20.25
93.68
67.61
14.91
915.75

1.06

0.07
268.28

0.03

0.00

15.97
572.42
0.05
589.52

138.43
0.98
407.76

112.0
516.5
185.7
309.0
142.0
3,912.3
155.8
514.7
431.0
114.7
6,393.8

9,092.94
3,275.02
499.47
217.50
470.92
83.47
693.61
14,332.92
239.60
26.44
451.78
59.66
167.88
13,648.68
1,946.70
30,873.65

65,948.8
25,192.4
5,071.5
1,673.1
3,622.5
642.0
5,335.4
107,485.8
1,843.1
162.7
3,475.2
458.9
3,117.3
74,787.3
10,693.2
202,023.5

40.15
25.42
286.67
53.09
707.82
997.81
2,110.96

308.9
139.7
1,806.5
334.5
3,823.4
5,726.6
12,139.6

104

8.2

0.5
1,474.1

0.2

0.0

87.7
3,821.3
0.4
3,917.8

925.9
7.5
2,408.0

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 3.8–2. Summary of annual and season-day emissions from all area sources within the ozone NAA
(continued).
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Season-day emission (lbs/day)
Category
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Waste Treatment/Disposal:
On-site incineration
1.02
28.90
0.59
7.8
222.3
4.5
Open burning
13.95
6.20
131.77
72.0
32.0
679.8
Landfills
10.31
10.44
27.35
56.7
57.4
150.3
Publicly owned treatment works
565.53
4,350.3
Leaking underground storage tanks
3.85
118.3
Other waste treatment/disposal
1.54
0.33
11.8
2.6
All waste treatment/disposal:
596.19
45.87
159.71
4,616.9
314.2
834.6
Miscellaneous Area Sources:
Wildfires and brush fires
Structure fires
Vehicle fires
Engine testing
Hospitals
Crematories
Accidental releases
Total, all miscellaneous sources:
Total, all area sources:

3.9

3.73
22.38
20.85
1.50
19.44
0.35
0.51
68.76
37,718.02

1.66
2.85
2.61
4.26

35.19
122.06
81.45
3.67

19.46
0.00
30.82
5,146.47

1.06
0.00
243.43
5,541.86

20.4
109.7
114.3
17.8
106.8
2.7
0.3
372.0
226,873.2

9.1
14.0
14.3
87.9

192.8
598.2
446.3
95.9

149.7
0.0
274.9
24,766.1

8.2
0.0
1,341.4
11,898.0

Quality assurance / quality control procedures

Quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) activities for the area source emissions inventory
were driven by the goal of creating a comprehensive, accurate, representative and comparable
inventory of area source emissions for Maricopa County and the nonattainment area. During
each step of creating, building and reviewing the area source emissions inventory, quality checks
and assurances were performed to establish confidence in the inventory structure and data.
Area source categories were selected for inclusion in the inventory based on the latest Emission
Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP) guidance available. EPA’s guidance for area source
categories included in the draft 2002 National Emission Inventory (NEI) was also evaluated, as
area source emissions from this inventory will be submitted to EPA for the 2002 NEI. The list of
area source categories developed based on these guidance documents was modified to fit the
characteristics of Maricopa County, with some area source categories determined to be insignificant (such as industrial coal combustion and oil and gas production). The 1999 Maricopa
County Periodic Ozone and Carbon Monoxide Emission Inventories and other regional emission
inventories were also consulted to confirm the completeness of the area source categories chosen
for inclusion.
Data for area source emission calculations were gathered from a wide universe of resources.
Whenever applicable, local surveyed data (such as annual emissions report) was used as this data
best reflects activity in the county and the nonattainment area. When local data was not available, state data from Arizona State agencies (such as the Arizona Department of Transportation)
and regional bodies (such as the Western Regional Air Partnership {WRAP}) were used.
National level data (such as the US Census Bureau) was used when no local, state or regional
data was available. In addition, the most recent EIIP guidance for area sources was consulted for
direction in determining the most relevant data source for use in emissions calculations.
2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

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Emissions calculations for area sources were performed by three air quality planners and one unit
manager. All area source emission estimates were calculated in spreadsheets to ensure the calculations could be verified and reproduced. Whenever possible or available, the “preferred
method” described in the most recent EIIP guidance documents for area sources was used to
calculate emissions. Emissions were estimated using emission factors from EIIP guidance, AP42, and local source testing. Local seasonal and activity data were used when available, with
EPA and EIIP guidance used when no local seasonal or activity data existed. All calculations
were evaluated to ensure that emissions from point sources were not being double-counted and to
determine if rule effectiveness applied.
Once area source emission estimates had been produced, several quality control checks were
performed to substantiate the calculations. Most area source calculations were peer-reviewed by
two other planners, with all area sources being reviewed by at least one other planner. Peer
review ensured that all emission calculations were reasonable and could be reproduced. Sensitivity analyses and computational method checks were performed on area sources when emissions seemed to be outside the expected ranges. When errors were found, the appropriate
changes were made by the author of the calculations to ensure consistency of the emissions
calculations. The peer-reviewed emissions estimates were combined into a draft area source
chapter. This draft chapter was read through in its entirety by the unit manager and the three air
quality planners for final review, with any identified errors corrected by the author of the section.
The draft version of the area source chapter was sent to the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, the Arizona Department of Transportation, and the Maricopa Association of
Governments for a quality assurance review. These agencies provided comments which were
addressed and incorporated into the final area source chapter. Further quality analysis was
performed by inputting the emission estimates into EPA’s “QA/QC basic format and content
checker”, prior to submitting the data to the 2002 NEI.
The QA/QC activities described here have produced high levels of confidence in the area source
emissions estimates detailed in this chapter, and represent the best efforts of the inventory
preparers.

3.10

References

AASS, 2003. Clare Jervis, Arizona Agricultural Statistics Service, pers. commun., Nov. 10,
2003.
ADEQ, 2004. Number of LUSTs in Maricopa Co., via fax from Nick Giuntoli, Arizona Dept. of
Environmental Quality, Leaking Underground Storage Tank Section, 602-771-4289, dated
April 21, 2004.
ADOT, 2003. 2002 Monthly Gasoline Sales Tax Reports, Arizona Department of Transportation, 2003.
ADOT, 2004. Arizona Department of Transportation HPMS System Length and Daily Vehicle
Travel, http://tpd.az/gov/datateam/hpms.html, April 2004.
Asphalt Institute, 2004. Telephone conversation with Earl Arp for Arizona asphalt usage: (859)
288-4976, March 30, 2004.
ASU, 2003. Arizona State University. Office of Climatology, Phoenix AZ. Internet address:
http://www.commerce.state.az.us/doclib/ENERGY/Degreedays.pdf
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106

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Harris InfoSource, 2003. Selectory CD-ROM Database of Arizona Businesses. March 2003.
MAG, 2004. Phone conversation with Roger Roy, Maricopa Association of Governments, April
14, 2004, 602-452-5023.
MCESD, 1993. 1990 Base Year Ozone Emission Inventory for Maricopa County, Arizona,
Nonattainment Area, Draft Submittal, Maricopa County Environmental Quality &
Community Services Agency, March 1993.
MCESD, 1999. 1999 Periodic Ozone Emissions Inventory for the Maricopa County, Arizona
Nonattainment Area, Maricopa County Environmental Services Department, November
2001, Revised August 2002.
MCESD, 2002. 1999 Carbon Monoxide and Ozone Periodic Inventories Supporting Data,
Maricopa County Environmental Services Department, May 2000.
MeisterPro, 2003. 2003 MeisterPro Crop Protection Handbook, Miesterpro.com
Tchobanoglous, G., 1979. Wastewater Engineering: Treatment, Disposal, and Reuse. McGrawHill Science/Engineering/Math, (New York/New York). 1979.
US Census Bureau, 2002. Annual population estimates by state. Internet address:
http://eire.census.gov/popest/data/states/tables/ST-EST2002-01.php
US Census Bureau, 2003a. 2001 County Business Patterns (NAICS). Internet address:
http://censtats.census.gov/cgi-bin/cbpnaic/cbpsel.pl
US Census Bureau, 2003b. Current Industrial Reports: Paint and Allied Products. US Census
Rep. MA325F(02)-1. Internet address: http://www.census.gov/industry/1/ma325f02.pdf.
US Census Bureau, 2003c. Profile of Selected Housing Characteristics: 2000. Census 2000
Summary File 3. Internet address: http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/BasicFactsTable
?_lang=en&_vt_name=DEC_2000_SF3_U_DP4&_geo_id=05000US04013
US DOE, 2002a. US Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration. Adjusted
Sales for Commercial Use: Distillate Fuel Oil, Residual Fuel Oil, and Kerosene (Table 20).
Internet address: http://www.eia.doe.gov/ pub/oil_gas/petroleum/data_publications/
fuel_oil_and_kerosene_sales/current/pdf/table20.pdf.
US DOE, 2002b. US Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration. Adjusted
Sales for Industrial Use: Distillate Fuel Oil, Residual Fuel Oil, and Kerosene (Table 21).
Internet address: http://www.eia.doe.gov/pub/oil_gas/petroleum/data_publications/
fuel_oil_and_kerosene_sales/current/pdf/table21.pdf.
US DOE, 2003. US Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration. State Energy
Data 2000 Consumption Tables, Table 8. Residential Energy Consumption Estimates, 19602000, Arizona. Internet address: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/states/sep_use/res/
use_res_az.html
US EPA, 1991. Compilation of Air Pollution Emission Factors (AP-42). Fifth Edition, Volume
I Chapter 4: Evaporation Loss Sources 4.2.1 Nonindustrial Surface Coating. September
1991. Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/ch04/final/c4s02_1.pdf
US EPA, 1992. Compilation of Air Pollution Emission Factors (AP-42). Volume I: Stationary
Point and Area Sources. Fifth ed. Chapter 2: Solid Waste Disposal, 2.5 Open Burning. US
EPA, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park, NC.
US EPA, 1995a. Architectural Surface Coating. Emission Inventory Improvement Program
(EIIP) Vol. III, Chap. 1. Nov. 1995. Prepared by Eastern Research Group, Inc. for the Area
Source Committee, EIIP. Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/
volume03/archsfc.pdf
US EPA, 1995b. Compilation of Air Pollution Emission Factors (AP-42). Fifth Edition,
Volume I, Chapter 5: Petroleum Industry, 5.2, Transportation and Marketing of Petroleum
2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

107

Maricopa County, AZ

Liquids. Jan. 1995. Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/ch05/final/
c05s02.pdf
US EPA, 1996. Commercial and Consumer Solvent Use. Emission Inventory Improvement
Program (EIIP) Vol. III, Chap. 5. August 1996. Prepared by Eastern Research Group, Inc.
for the Area Source Committee, EIIP. Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/ttnchie1/eiip/
techreport/volume03/iii05.pdf.
US EPA, 1997. Traffic Markings. Emission Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP) Vol. III,
Chap. 14. May 1997. Prepared by Eastern Research Group, Inc. for the Area Source
Committee, EIIP. Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/ttnchie1/eiip/techreport/volume03/
iii14.pdf
US EPA, 1998. Compilation of Air Pollution Emission Factors (AP-42). Fifth Addition, Volume
1, Chapter 1: External Combustion Sources. Natural Gas Combustion. Internet address:
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/ch01/final/c01s04.pdf
US EPA, 2000a. Asphalt Roofing Kettles. Emission Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP)
Vol. III, Area Source Method Abstracts. September 2000. Internet address:
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/asphalt.pdf
US EPA, 2000b. Vehicle Fires. Emission Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP) Vol. III, Area
Source Method Abstracts. May 2000. Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/
techreport/volume03/vehclf13.pdf
US EPA, 2001a. Asphalt Paving. Emission Inventory, Improvement Program (EIIP) Vol. III,
Chapter 17. Revised Final, Jan. 2001. Prepared by the Eastern Research Group, Inc. for the
Area Source Committee, EIIP. Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/
techreport/volume03/iii17_apr2001.pdf
US EPA, 2001b. Gasoline Marketing (Stage I and Stage II). Emissions Inventory Improvement
Program (EIIP) Vol. III, Chap 11. Revised Final, January 2001. Prepared by Eastern
Research Group, Inc. for the Area Source Committee, EIIP. Internet address:
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/iii11_apr2001.pdf
US EPA, 2001c. Introduction to Area Source Emission Inventory Development. Emission
Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP) Vol. III, Chapter 1. Revised Final. January 2001.
Prepared by Eastern Research Group, Inc. for the Area Source Committee, EIIP. Internet
address: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/iii01_apr2001.pdf
US EPA, 2001d. Leaking Underground Storage Tanks. Emission Inventory Improvement
Program Vol. III, Area Source Method Abstract. Dec. 2001. Internet address:
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/ust2_dec2000.pdf
US EPA, 2001e. Open Burning. Emission Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP) Vol. III,
Chapter 16. Revised Final, Jan. 2001. Prepared by Eastern Research Group, Inc. for the
Area Source Committee, EIIP. Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/
techreport/volume03/iii16_apr2001.pdf
US EPA, 2001f. Pesticides-Agricultural and Nonagricultural. Emission Inventory Improvement
Program (EIIP) Vol. III, Chapter 9. Revised Final, June 2001. Prepared by Eastern research
Group, Inc. for the Area Source Committee, EIIP. Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/
chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/iii09_jun2001.pdf
US EPA, 2001g. Residential Wood Combustion. Emission Inventory Improvement Program
(EIIP) Vol. III, Chap. 2. Revised Final, January 2001. Prepared by Eastern Research Group,
Inc. for the Area Source Committee, EIIP. Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/
eiip/techreport/volume03/iii02_apr2001.pdf
US EPA, 2001h. Structure Fires. Emission Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP) Vol. III,
Chap. 18. Revised Final, Jan. 2001. Prepared by Eastern Research Group, Inc. for the Area
2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

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Sources Committee, EIIP. Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/
volume03/iii18_apr2001.pdf
US EPA, 2001i. Uncontrolled Emission Factor Listing for Criteria Air Pollutants. Emission
Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP) Vol. II, Chap. 14. July, 2001. Prepared by Eastern
Research Group, Inc. for the Point Sources Committee, EIIP. Internet address:
http://www.epa.gov/ttnchie1/eiip/techreport/volume02/ii14_july2001.pdf
US EPA, 2003. 2002 National Emission Inventory (NEI) Preparation Plan (draft). USEPA
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Dec. 19, 2003. Internet address:
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/net/2002inventory.html
US EPA, 2004. Documentation for the 2002 Preliminary Non point Source National Emission
Inventory for Criteria and Hazardous Air Pollutants (January 2004 Version). Prepared by
E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc. for Emission Factor and Inventory Group. Internet address:
ftp://ftp.epa.gov/pub/emisinventory/prelim2002nei/nonpoint/documentation.
USFS, 1993. Pers. Commun. with Cliff Dills, US Forest Service, Payson Ranger Station, Payson
AZ.
WGA/WRAP, 2002. Draft Final Report–1996 Fire Emission Inventory, Western Governors
Association/Western Regional Air Partnership, prepared by Air Science, Inc. Project 178-1,
December 2002, pp. 48–51.
Yu, 2004. Meeting with Wang Yu, Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, Water
Quality Division, March 31, 2004.

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2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

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4.

Nonroad Mobile Sources

4.1

Introduction

Nonroad mobile sources are defined as those that move or are moved within a 12-month period
and are not licensed or certified as highway vehicles. Nonroad mobile sources are vehicles and
engines that fall under the following categories:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

Agricultural equipment, such as tractors, combines and balers;
Airport ground support equipment, such as baggage tugs, and terminal tractors;
Commercial equipment, such as generators and pumps;
Industrial equipment, such as forklifts and sweepers;
Construction and mining equipment, such as graders, back hoes and trenchers;
Lawn and garden equipment, such as leaf blowers and lawn mowers;
Logging equipment, such as shredders and large chain saws;
Pleasure craft, such as power boats and personal watercraft;
Railway maintenance equipment, such as rail straighteners;
Recreational equipment, such as all-terrain vehicles and off-road motorcycles;
Underground mining and oil field equipment, such as mechanical drilling engines (not
present in Maricopa County);
Aircraft, such as jet and piston engines; and
Locomotives, such as switching and line haul trains.

Emission calculations for most nonroad mobile sources are derived from a Maricopa County
nonroad emission inventory of certain visibility-impairing pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, NOx and
SOx) developed by ENVIRON International Corp. for calendar year 2002 (Environ et al., 2003).
ENVIRON prepared the inventory for use and review by the Cap and Trade Oversight
Committee (CTOC) formed by the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ). In
the inventory prepared for the Cap and Trade Committee, ENVIRON used the EPA NONROAD2002 model (Core Version 2.1d March, 2002) to estimate emissions for all categories
except aircraft and locomotives. Nonroad modeling for the ENVIRON inventory was based on
recent NONROAD modeling performed for the Western Regional Air Partnership (WRAP) for
use in the development of a regional haze rule.
Since the modeling done for the CTOC was only annual totals for Maricopa County, additional
work was needed to develop estimates for the ozone nonattainment area and for an average
ozone season day. Emission calculations for this report differ from the CTOC work in one major
area: emission estimates prepared for the CTOC were derived from season average weekday
calculations, which were then multiplied by the number of days in each season to produce season
totals, and then summed to produce annual emission totals. This approach assumes that activity
levels of nonroad equipment are the same on weekdays and weekends.
For this report, ENVIRON re-ran the NONROAD2002 model to produce season totals, which
are then summed to produce annual emission totals. The revised method used for this report
results in annual emissions levels that are about 15% less than the method used for the CTOC
inventory. The method used by ENVIRON for this report takes into account the different
activity levels experienced on weekdays versus weekends, which explains the lower annual
emissions.
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The NONROAD model defines four seasons as follows: spring – March through May, summer –
June through August, fall – September through November, and winter – December through
February. Since the gasoline oxygen content in Maricopa County changes on September 30,
emissions from the fall quarter were calculated for each month separately, and then summed.
Seasonal emissions totals are then summed to produce annual emission totals.
The methods used to estimate ozone season-day emissions are described in each section of this
chapter. Emission estimates from the summer season (June–July) are assumed to represent
emissions in the ozone season (July–September).
Temperature and fuel-related inputs are required for the operation of the NONROAD2002
model. The inputs listed below were used by ENVIRON after ADEQ review:
• Fuel volatility (Reid Vapor Pressure [RVP]), psi: 9.0 in winter, 8.1 in spring, 7.8 in
summer and fall.
• Gasoline oxygen content (weight %): 3.36 from October through February, 0.0 otherwise.
• Gasoline sulfur content (ppm): 179 in fall and winter, 115 in spring and summer.
• Diesel sulfur content (ppm): 310 all seasons.
• Temperatures (minimum/average/maximum °F): 39/55/65 winter, 53/72/83 spring,
78/94/104 summer, 57/78/87 fall.
EPA recommends adjusting default NONROAD2002 model values (such as equipment population, activity levels of equipment, growth factors, etc.) where local data is available, as the
default values in the model are derived from national averages. ENVIRON adjusted the NONROAD2002 model defaults in the following manner:
•

•

•

The NONROAD model uses 1996 as a base year, and then projects emissions for any
given year based on growth factors inherent in the model. The default growth factors in
the model were zeroed out to reflect base year 1996 equipment population numbers.
Arizona-specific growth factors developed for WRAP were then applied to the
NONROAD2002 model outputs to produce 2002 year population numbers and associated
emissions.
Equipment population numbers and activity levels for commercial lawn and garden
equipment were adjusted based on survey results of the commercial lawn and garden
industry performed by ENVIRON as part of the CTOC work. Survey results show that
for most categories of lawn and garden equipment, the equipment populations for
Maricopa County are significantly lower than EPA default values, while the average
annual hours of operation for most equipment types are slightly higher than EPA's values.
Using these new local data results is a considerable decrease in emissions from this
category, compared with earlier results using EPA default data.
Equipment population numbers and activity levels for airport ground support equipment
were adjusted based on Maricopa County-specific data provided by the Maricopa
Association of Governments (MAG) for the CTOC inventory.

Spatial allocation factors were developed, based on EPA guidance documents, to apportion nonroad emissions to the ozone nonattainment area. The approaches used are described in each
section of this chapter.

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Temporal allocations (used to calculate ozone season-day emissions) for nonroad equipment
categories modeled in the NONROAD2002 model come from EPA recommendations on weekday and weekend day activity levels for each nonroad equipment category (US EPA, 1999).
Table 4.1–1 below lists the weighted activity level allocation fractions for each equipment class
for weekdays and weekend days. For this report, the most conservative (highest) allocation
fraction in each nonroad equipment class was used to calculate season-day emissions.
Table 4.1–1. Default weekday and weekend day activity allocation fractions.
Equipment category
Weekday
Weekend day
Agricultural
0.1666667
0.0833334
Airport ground support
0.1428571
0.1428571
Commercial
0.1666667
0.0833334
Construction and mining
0.1666667
0.0833334
Industrial
0.1666667
0.0833334
Lawn and garden (residential)
0.1111111
0.2222222
Lawn and garden (commercial)
0.1600000
0.1000000
Logging
0.1666667
0.0833334
Pleasure craft
0.0600000
0.3500000
Railway maintenance
0.1800000
0.0500000
Recreational
0.1111111
0.2222222

4.2

Agricultural equipment

Annual emissions from agricultural equipment in Maricopa County were calculated using EPA’s
NONROAD2002 model, as discussed above. Emissions are reported by engine type: gasoline 2stroke, gasoline 4-stroke, diesel, compressed natural gas (CNG), and liquid petroleum gas (LPG).
Emissions from CNG and LPG equipment are reported in the gasoline 4-stroke category, as total
emissions from these engine types were either trivial or none. County-wide results are shown in
Table 4.2–1.
Table 4.2–1. Annual emissions (in tons/yr) from agricultural equipment in Maricopa County.
Source ClassifiCO
cation Code (SCC)
Engine type
VOC
NOx
2260005000
Gasoline 2-stroke
1.04
< 0.005
2.12
2265005000
Gasoline 4-stroke
11.53
6.16
355.26
2270005000
Diesel
58.02
471.30
275.58
Totals:
70.60
477.46
632.96

Ozone nonattainment area annual emissions were calculated based on EIIP guidance (US EPA,
2002) which recommends using the ratio of agricultural land inside the nonattainment area
(185,029 acres) to agricultural land inside the county (415,473 acres). See Section 1.5.2 for a
discussion of land-use data used.
Ozone nonattainment area emissions
from agricultural equipment

= County VOC emissions × Agricultural land-use allocation factor
= 70.59 tons
= 31.43 tons VOC/yr

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

113

× 44.53%

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 4.2–2. Annual emissions (in tons/yr) from agricultural equipment in the ozone NAA.
CO
SCC
Engine type
VOC
NOx
2260005000
Gasoline 2-stroke
0.46
<0.005
0.94
2265005000
Gasoline 4-stroke
5.13
2.74
158.20
2270005000
Diesel
25.84
209.87
122.72
Totals:
31.43
212.61
281.86

County season-day emissions were calculated by multiplying summer season ozone emissions
(generated by the NONROAD2002 model) by the most conservative weekday/weekend day
activity allocation factor for agricultural equipment listed in Table 4.1–1, and dividing the
product by the number of weeks (13) in the ozone season (US EPA, 1999), as follows:
Maricopa County ozone = Summer season
× 2000
season-day emissions
VOC emissions (lb/ton)
(lbs/day)
(tons/season)
= 24.25
× 2000
= 621.8 lbs/day

× daily activity allocation factor
for agricultural equipment
expressed as (weeks/day)
× 0.166667

÷ 13
(weeks/season)
÷ 13

Table 4.2–3. Ozone season emissions from agricultural equipment in Maricopa County.
Seasonal emissions (tons/season)
Season-day emissions (lbs/day)
SCC
Engine type
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
2260005000 Gasoline 2-stroke
0.36
<0.005
0.76
9.2
0.1
19.5
2265005000 Gasoline 4-stroke
4.20
1.82
133.49
107.7
46.7
3422.8
2270005000 Diesel
19.69
159.92
93.49
504.9
4100.5
2397.2
Totals:
24.25
161.74
227.74
621.8
4,147.2
5,839.5

Ozone nonattainment area season-day emissions were calculated by multiplying county seasonday emissions by the agricultural land-use allocation factor:
Ozone nonattainment area = Maricopa County VOC ×
season-day emissions
season-day emissions
= 621.8 lbs/day
= 276.9 lbs/day

Agricultural land-use allocation factor

×

44.53%

Table 4.2–4. Ozone season-day emissions (in lbs/day) from agricultural equipment in the ozone NAA.
SCC
Engine type
VOC emissions
NOx emissions
CO emissions
2260005000
Gasoline 2-stroke
4.1
< 0.05
8.6
2265005000
Gasoline 4-stroke
48.0
20.8
1,524.2
2270005000
Diesel
224.8
1,826.0
1,067.5
Totals:
276.9
1,846.8
2,600.3

4.3

Airport ground support equipment

Annual emissions from airport ground support equipment in Maricopa County were calculated
using EPA’s NONROAD2002 model, as described in Section 4.1. Annual emissions for the
ozone nonattainment area for this category were derived by applying the ratio of the number of
FAA landing and takeoff operations (LTO) in the nonattainment area to Maricopa County-level
totals, as recommended by EIIP guidance (US EPA, 2002). See Section 4.12 for a discussion of
aircraft LTO data.

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

114

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 4.3–1. Annual emissions (in tons/yr) from airport ground support equipment.
Maricopa County
Nonattainment area
SCC
Engine type
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
2260008000 Gasoline 2-stroke
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2265008000 Gasoline 4-stroke
135.09
92.10
3,447.92
131.71
89.80
3,361.72
2270008000 Diesel
4.48
54.99
23.17
4.37
53.62
22.59
Totals:
139.57
147.09
3,471.09
136.08
143.42
3,384.31

County season-day emissions were calculated by first multiplying Maricopa County annual
emissions by 25% to estimate ozone season totals, as airport ground support equipment activity
is assumed uniform throughout the year (US EPA, 1999). Ozone season totals were then
multiplied by the most conservative weekday/weekend day activity allocation factor for airport
ground support equipment (0.1428571) listed in Table 4.1–1, and dividing the product by the
number of weeks (13) in the ozone season (US EPA, 1999). Ozone nonattainment area seasonday emissions were calculated based on LTOs as described above.
Table 4.3–2. Ozone season-day emissions (in lbs/day) from airport ground support equipment.
Maricopa County
Nonattainment area
SCC
Engine type
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
2260008000 Gasoline 2-stroke
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2265008000 Gasoline 4-stroke
742.3
506.0
18,944.6
723.7
493.4
18,471.0
2270008000 Diesel
24.6
302.1
127.3
24.0
294.5
124.1
Totals:
766.9
808.1
19,071.9
747.7
787.9
18,595.1

4.4

Commercial equipment

Annual emissions from commercial equipment in Maricopa County were calculated using EPA’s
NONROAD2002 model, as described in Section 4.1. Annual emissions for the ozone
nonattainment area for this category were derived by applying the ratio of industrial employment
in the nonattainment area to Maricopa County-level totals, as data on the number of wholesale
establishments recommended by EIIP guidance (US EPA, 2002) was not available. See Section
1.5.1 for a discussion of the industrial employment data used.
Table 4.4–1. Annual emissions (in tons/yr) from commercial equipment.
Maricopa County
Nonattainment area
SCC
Engine type
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
2260006000 Gasoline 2-stroke
269.92
1.28
557.16
264.76
1.26
546.52
2265006000 Gasoline 4-stroke
1,352.35
567.59
44,729.37 1,326.52
556.75
43,875.04
2270006000 Diesel
136.64
750.57
511.02
134.03
736.23
501.26
Totals:
1,758.91
1319.44
45,797.55 1,725.31
1,294.24
44,922.82

County season-day emissions were calculated by multiplying Maricopa County summer season
ozone emissions (generated by the NONROAD2002 model) by the most conservative weekday/
weekend day activity allocation factor for commercial equipment (0.1666667) listed in Table
4.1–1, and dividing the product by the number of weeks (13) in the ozone season (US EPA,
1999). Ozone nonattainment area season-day emissions were calculated based on industrial
employment ratios as described above.

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

115

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 4.4–2. Ozone season-day emissions (in lbs/day) from commercial equipment.
Maricopa County
Nonattainment area
SCC
Engine type
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
2260006000 Gasoline 2-stroke
1,755.6
6.4
3,928.5
1,722.1
6.3
3,853.5
2265006000 Gasoline 4-stroke
9,814.9 2,981.5
332,839.0
9,627.4
2,924.6 326,481.8
2270006000 Diesel
875.9 4,811.3
3,276.2
859.2
4,719.4
3,213.6
Totals:
12,446.4 7,799.2
340,043.7 12,208.7
7,650.3 333,548.9

4.5

Construction and mining equipment

Annual emissions from construction and mining equipment in Maricopa County were calculated
using EPA’s NONROAD2002 model as described in Section 4.1. Annual emissions for the
ozone nonattainment area for this category were derived by applying the ratio of population in
the nonattainment area to Maricopa County-level totals as a conservative estimate, as the EIIPrecommended allocation factor of total dollar value of construction was unavailable (US EPA,
2002). See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the population data used.
Table 4.5–1. Annual emissions (in tons/yr) from construction and mining equipment.
Maricopa County
Nonattainment area
SCC
Engine type
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
2260002000 Gasoline 2-stroke
468.57
6.28
1,170.13
459.62
6.16
1,147.78
2265002000 Gasoline 4-stroke
236.59
114.49
9,139.37
232.07
112.30
8,964.81
2270002000 Diesel
1,081.31
9,713.92
5,275.07 1,060.66
9,528.38
5,174.32
Totals:
1,786.47
9,834.69
15,584.58 1,752.35
9,646.84
15,286.91

County season-day emissions were calculated by multiplying Maricopa County summer season
ozone emissions (generated by the NONROAD2002 model) by the most conservative weekday/
weekend day activity allocation factor for construction/mining equipment (0.1666667) listed in
Table 4.1–1, and dividing the product by the number of weeks (13) in the ozone season (US
EPA, 1999). Ozone nonattainment area season-day emissions were calculated based on
population ratios as described above.
Table 4.5–2. Ozone season-day emissions (in lbs/day) from construction and mining equipment.
Maricopa County
Nonattainment area
SCC
Engine type
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
2260002000 Gasoline 2-stroke
4,005.6
43.6
10,746.7
3,929.1
42.8
10,541.4
2265002000 Gasoline 4-stroke
2,171.3
801.3
88,000.8
2,129.8
786.0
86,320.0
2270002000 Diesel
9,159.7
82,270.8
44,681.3
8,984.7 80,699.4
43,827.9
Totals:
15,336.6
83,115.7 143,428.8 15,043.6
81,528.2
140,689.3

4.6

Industrial equipment

Annual emissions from industrial equipment in Maricopa County were calculated using EPA’s
NONROAD2002 model, as described in Section 4.1. Annual emissions for the ozone nonattainment area for this category were derived by applying the ratio of industrial employment in the
nonattainment area to Maricopa County-level totals as a conservative estimate, as the number of
employees in manufacturing recommended by EIIP guidance (US EPA, 2002) was not available.
See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the industrial employment data used.

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

116

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 4.6–1. Annual emissions (in tons/yr) from industrial equipment.
Maricopa County
SCC
Engine type
VOC
NOx
CO
2260003000 Gasoline 2-stroke
3.44
0.02
7.23
2265003000 Gasoline 4-stroke
240.98
2,108.32
14,638.82
2270003000 Diesel
117.57
1,066.46
489.42
Totals:
361.99
3,174.80
15,135.47

Nonattainment area
VOC
NOx
CO
3.37
.02
7.09
236.38
2,068.05
14,359.2
115.32
1,046.09
480.07
355.07
3,114.16
14,846.36

County season-day emissions were calculated by multiplying Maricopa County summer season
ozone emissions (generated by the NONROAD2002 model) by the most conservative weekday/
weekend day activity allocation factor for industrial equipment (0.1666667) listed in Table 4.1–
1, and dividing the product by the number of weeks (13) in the ozone season (US EPA, 1999).
Ozone nonattainment area season-day emissions were calculated based on industrial employment
ratios as described above.
Table 4.6–2. Ozone season-day emissions (in lbs/day) from industrial equipment.
Maricopa County
Nonattainment area
SCC
Engine type
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
2260003000 Gasoline 2-stroke
22.3
0.1
51.0
21.9
0.1
50.0
2265003000 Gasoline 4-stroke
1,682.0
13,226.6
100,889.9
1,649.9
12,974.0
98,962.9
2270003000 Diesel
753.6
6,835.4
3137.4
739.2
6,704.8
3,077.5
Totals:
2,457.9
20,062.1
104,078.3
2,411.0
19,678.9
102,090.4

4.7

Lawn and garden equipment

Annual emissions from lawn and garden equipment in Maricopa County were calculated using
EPA’s NONROAD2002 model, as described in Section 4.1. These results reflect new equipment
population and usage estimates from survey work done in early 2003 for the Arizona Department
of Environmental Quality (discussed further in Section 4.1). Annual emissions for the ozone
nonattainment area for this category were derived by applying the ratio of housing units in the
nonattainment area to Maricopa County-level totals, as recommended by EIIP guidance (US
EPA, 2002). See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the housing data used.
Table 4.7–1. Annual emissions (in tons/yr) from lawn and garden equipment.
Maricopa County
Nonattainment area
SCC
Engine type
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
2260004000 Gasoline 2-stroke
2,179.10
13.04
4,677.47 2,139.44
12.80
4,592.34
2265004000 Gasoline 4-stroke
2,309.44
463.63
72,476.35 2,267.41
455.19
71,157.28
2270004000 Diesel
34.64
218.81
119.31
34.01
214.83
117.14
Totals:
4,523.18
695.48
77,273.13 4,440.86
682.82
75,866.76

County season-day emissions were calculated by multiplying Maricopa County summer season
ozone emissions (generated by the NONROAD2002 model) by the most conservative weekday/
weekend day activity allocation factor for lawn and garden equipment (0.1600000 for the
commercial segment, 0.2222222 for residential) listed in Table 4.1–1, and dividing the product
by the number of weeks (13) in the ozone season (US EPA, 1999). Ozone nonattainment area
season-day emissions were calculated based on housing units as described above.

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

117

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 4.7–2. Ozone season-day emissions (in lbs/day) from lawn and garden equipment.
Maricopa County
Nonattainment area
SCC
Engine type
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
2260004000 Gasoline 2-stroke
21,657.8
93.4
49,010.7 21,263.6
91.7
48,118.7
2265004000 Gasoline 4-stroke
24,477.7 3,686.6
801,025.2 24,032.2
3,619.5
786,446.5
2270004000 Diesel
289.2 1,827.4
996.4
283.9
1,794.1
978.3
Totals:
46,424.7 5,607.4
851,032.3 45,579.7
5,505.3
835,543.5

4.8

Logging equipment

Annual emissions from logging equipment in Maricopa County were calculated using EPA’s
NONROAD2002 model, as described in Section 4.1. Logging equipment includes equipment
such as large chain saws and shredders used by such entities such as city parks departments and
large landscaping companies. Annual emissions for the ozone nonattainment area for this
category were derived by applying the ratio of population in the nonattainment area to Maricopa
County-level totals as a conservative estimate, as the number of employees in logging recommended by EIIP guidance was not available (US EPA, 2002). See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion
of the population figures used.
Table 4.8–1. Annual emissions (in tons/yr) from logging equipment.
Maricopa County
SCC
Engine type
VOC
NOx
CO
2260007000 Gasoline 2-stroke
14.46
0.20
34.30
2265007000 Gasoline 4-stroke
3.81
0.60
90.02
2270007000 Diesel
2.66
37.94
12.23
Totals:
20.94
38.74
136.54

Nonattainment area
VOC
NOx
CO
14.18
0.20
33.64
3.74
0.59
88.30
2.61
37.22
12.00
20.53
38.01
133.94

County season-day emissions were calculated by multiplying Maricopa County summer-season
ozone emissions (generated by the NONROAD2002 model) by the most conservative
weekday/weekend day activity allocation factor for logging equipment (0.1666667) listed in
Table 4.1–1, and dividing the product by the number of weeks (13) in the ozone season (US
EPA, 1999). Ozone nonattainment area season-day emissions were calculated based on
population as described above.
Table 4.8–2. Ozone season-day emissions (in lbs/day) from logging equipment.
Maricopa County
Nonattainment area
SCC
Engine type
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
2260007000 Gasoline 2-stroke
93.6
1.0
241.9
91.8
1.0
237.3
2265007000 Gasoline 4-stroke
25.7
2.7
671.3
25.2
2.6
658.5
2270007000 Diesel
17.1
243.3
78.4
16.8
238.7
76.9
Totals:
136.4
247.0
991.6
133.8
242.3
972.7

4.9

Pleasure craft

Annual emissions from pleasure craft equipment in Maricopa County were calculated using
EPA’s NONROAD2002 model, as described in Section 4.1. Annual emissions for the ozone
nonattainment area for this category were derived by applying the ratio of water surface area in
the nonattainment area to Maricopa County-level totals, as recommended by EIIP guidance (US
EPA, 2002). See Section 1.5.2 for a discussion of the land-use data used.
2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

118

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 4.9–1. Annual emissions (in tons/yr) from pleasure craft equipment.
Maricopa County
Nonattainment area
SCC
Engine type
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
2282005000 Gasoline 2-stroke
552.32
11.60
982.10
189.45
3.98
336.86
2282010000 Gasoline 4-stroke
47.25
15.90
439.26
16.21
5.45
150.67
2282020000 Diesel
0.63
15.52
2.55
0.22
5.32
0.87
Totals:
600.20
43.01
1,423.91
205.88
14.75
488.40

County season-day emissions were calculated by multiplying Maricopa County summer-season
ozone emissions (generated by the NONROAD2002 model) by the most conservative weekday/
weekend day activity allocation factor for pleasure craft (0.3500000) listed in Table 4.1–1, and
dividing the product by the number of weeks (13) in the ozone season (US EPA, 1999). Ozone
nonattainment area season-day emissions were calculated based on water surface area as
described above.
Table 4.9–2. Ozone season-day emissions (in lbs/day) from pleasure craft equipment.
Maricopa County
Nonattainment area
SCC
Engine type
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
2282005000 Gasoline 2-stroke
14,218.0
264.0
26,686.0
4,876.8
90.6
9,153.3
2282010000 Gasoline 4-stroke
1,194.1
336.3
12,373.7
409.6
115.4
4,244.2
2282020000 Diesel
16.4
401.4
65.9
5.6
137.7
22.6
Totals:
15,428.5 1,001.7
39,125.6
5,292.0
343.7
13,420.1

4.10

Railway maintenance equipment

Annual emissions from railway maintenance equipment in Maricopa County were calculated
using EPA’s NONROAD2002 model, as described in Section 4.1. Annual emissions for the
ozone nonattainment area for this category were derived by applying the ratio of population in
the nonattainment area to Maricopa County-level totals, as recommended by EIIP guidance (US
EPA, 2002). See Section 1.5.1 for a discussion of the population data used.
Table 4.10–1. Annual emissions (in tons/yr) from railway maintenance equipment.
Maricopa County
Nonattainment area
SCC
Engine type
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
2285003015 Gasoline 2-stroke
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2285004015 Gasoline 4-stroke
1.11
0.39
43.99
1.09
0.38
43.15
2285002015 Diesel
4.00
19.96
17.29
3.92
19.58
16.96
Totals:
5.10
20.35
61.28
5.01
19.96
60.11

County season-day emissions were calculated by multiplying Maricopa County summer season
ozone emissions (generated by the NONROAD2002 model) by the most conservative weekday/
weekend day activity allocation factor for railway maintenance equipment (0.1800000) listed in
Table 4.1–1, and dividing the product by the number of weeks (13) in the ozone season (US
EPA, 1999). Ozone nonattainment area season-day emissions were calculated based on the
population ratio as described above.

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Maricopa County, AZ

Table 4.10–2. Ozone season-day emissions (in lbs/day) from railway maintenance equipment.
Maricopa County
Nonattainment area
SCC
Engine type
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
2285003015 Gasoline 2-stroke
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2285004015 Gasoline 4-stroke
8.8
2.0
353.9
8.6
2.0
347.1
2285002015 Diesel
27.7
138.2
119.7
27.2
135.6
117.4
Totals:
36.5
140.2
473.6
35.8
137.6
464.5

4.11

Recreational equipment

Annual emissions from recreational equipment in Maricopa County were calculated using EPA’s
NONROAD2002 model, as described in Section 4.1. Annual emissions for the ozone
nonattainment area for this category were derived by applying the ratio of passive open space,
golf courses and vacant land use in the nonattainment area to Maricopa County-level totals as
recommended by EIIP guidance (US EPA, 2002). See Section 1.5.2 for a discussion of the landuse data used.
Table 4.11–1. Annual emissions (in tons/yr) from recreational equipment.
Maricopa County
SCC
Engine type
VOC
NOx
CO
2260001000 Gasoline 2-stroke
679.09
4.95
971.01
2265001000 Gasoline 4-stroke
202.67
47.92
8,803.03
2270001000 Diesel
3.49
10.47
14.16
Totals:
885.25
63.35
9,788.20

Nonattainment area
VOC
NOx
CO
68.52
0.50
97.97
20.45
4.84
888.23
0.35
1.06
1.43
89.32
6.40
987.63

County season-day emissions were calculated by multiplying Maricopa County summer-season
ozone emissions (generated by the NONROAD2002 model) by the most conservative
weekday/weekend day activity allocation factor for recreational equipment (0.2222222) listed in
Table 4.1–1, and dividing the product by the number of weeks (13) in the ozone season (US
EPA, 1999). Ozone nonattainment area season-day emissions were calculated based on land use
as described above.
Table 4.11–2. Ozone season-day emissions (in lbs/day) from recreational equipment.
Maricopa County
Nonattainment area
SCC
Engine type
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
2260001000 Gasoline 2-stroke
8,656.4
53.0
13,092.8
873.4
5.3
1,321.1
2265001000 Gasoline 4-stroke
2,751.3
470.9
124,149.3
277.6
47.5
12,526.7
2270001000 Diesel
44.1
132.2
178.9
4.4
13.3
18.1
Total
11,451.8
656.1
137,421.0
1,155.4
66.1
13,865.9

4.12

Aircraft

A survey of all 16 airports in Maricopa County was conducted to collect data on the total number
of landing and take-off operations (LTO’s) as well as fleet mix to determine the types of aircraft
used and idle times to calculate annual emissions. Of these airports, three locations (Buckeye
Municipal Airport, Gila Bend Municipal Airport and Wickenburg Municipal Airport) are outside
of the nonattainment area. Data provided by many airports were in the form of the US Federal
Aviation Administration's (FAA) monthly reporting Form 7230-1, which documents the traffic
flow in four major activity categories: air carrier, air taxi, general aviation and military.

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Emissions were derived from both computer modeling and National Emissions Inventory (NEI)
default emission factors. For airports that provided complete survey data, the FAA’s latest
airport Emissions and Dispersion Modeling Software (EDMS 4.1) was used to calculate emissions. Parameters required to apply this model include annual LTO figures, fleet mix of types of
aircraft in each activity category, and average idle-in and idle-out times.
For those airports that provided only partial data, the EDMS model could not be used to calculate
emissions. Instead, NEI default emission factors were used to calculate emissions. Examples of
missing data were detailed fleet mix data or unknown idle times. For airports that did not
respond to the survey, LTO figures and fleet mix were derived from an online database that provides free detailed aeronautical information on airports at http://www.airnav.com. The “Airport
Operational Statistics” section of this database contains data on average daily aircraft operations
at the airport by aircraft type (air carrier, air taxi, general aviation and military). These data were
multiplied by 365 to derive annual LTO totals and was used to grow LTO’s and fleet mix. Since
the EDMS model requires specific aircraft types to run and the Airport Operational Statistics
only provide general aircraft type information, the NEI default emission factors shown in Table
4.12–1 were applied to these activity data to calculate emissions.
Table 4.12–1. NEI default emission factors (lbs/LTO), by aircraft type.
HC:VOC
Aircraft type
Abbreviation
SCC
HC
conversion factor
Air Taxi
AT
2275060000
1.234
0.9914
General Aviation
GA
2275050000
0.394
0.9708
Military
ML
2275001000
1.234
1.1046

VOC
1.223
0.382
1.363

NOx
0.158
0.065
0.158

CO
28.130
12.014
28.130

Table 4.12–2 summarizes the data received from each airport, and the approach used (using the
EDMS model or default emission factors from the 1999 NEI) to calculate emissions from each
airport.
The following provides an example of how aircraft emissions were calculated using EDMS for
Skyranch at Carefree, a small, general-aviation only airport with a mix of aircraft 12,500 lbs or
less. Since the EDMS model requires an exact LTO value for each airframe considered in the
model, and since the survey did not require respondents to supply exact LTO counts for each
individual airframe, an averaging method was used. EDMS was run to produce an composite
emission factor for an airport based on the most common type of aircraft using that facility. For
Skyranch, a composite profile was created by selecting within EDMS 12 aircraft types likely to
utilize the airport, based on data provided by the airport survey and follow-up correspondence.
These 12 aircraft types are: Cessna 150, Commanche, Robin R 2160, Socata Tampico, Cessna
172 Skyhawk, Piper PA-28, Robin R 3000, Socata Tobago, Cherokee six, Robin DR 400,
Rockwell Commander, and Spencer S-12 Air Car.
The EDMS model was run with the above 12 aircraft types and for ease of calculation each
aircraft was allocated 2000 LTO/year. It was then necessary to divide the lbs/LTO result by the
12 representative aircraft used to derive an emission factor for an “average” aircraft LTO.
For example, the model run with the 12 aircraft types resulted in total CO emissions of 211.69
tons (assuming each of the 12 aircraft types had 2000 LTOs each during the period).

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Table 4.12–2. 2002 airport activity data, emission calculation methods, and emission factors.
LTO
Emission
Lbs/LTO
Activity
2002
data
calculation
Airport name
category LTOs
source1
method2
VOC
NOx
Arizona Army National Guard
ML
780 reported NEI default
1.363
0.158
Buckeye Municipal Airport3
GA
16,796 reported
EDMS
0.249
0.044
Chandler Municipal Airport
AT
914 reported NEI default
1.223
0.158
GA
80,689 reported NEI default
0.382
0.065
ML
10 reported NEI default
1.363
0.158
Falcon Field
AT
1,319 AirNav NEI default
1.223
0.158
GA
125,350 AirNav NEI default
0.382
0.065
ML
5,278 AirNav NEI default
1.363
0.158
Gila Bend Municipal Airport3
GA
522 AirNav NEI default
0.382
0.065
Glendale Municipal Airport
GA
59,352 reported NEI default
0.382
0.065
Luke Air Force Base
ML
61,225 reported
EDMS
3.245
10.906
Phoenix Deer Valley Airport
AT
2,495 reported NEI default
1.223
0.158
GA
192,254 reported NEI default
0.382
0.065
ML
37 reported NEI default
1.363
0.158
Phoenix Goodyear Airport
AC
131 reported
EDMS
2.531
37.718
AT
270 reported NEI default
1.223
0.158
GA
68,317 reported NEI default
0.382
0.065
ML
569 reported NEI default
1.363
0.158
Phoenix Sky Harbor Int'l.
AC
187,125 reported
EDMS
17.444
40.201
AT
57,570 reported
EDMS
1.271
1.379
GA
26,204 reported
EDMS
0.104
0.017
ML
1,987 reported
EDMS
0.072
0.331
Pleasant Valley Airport
GA
19,302 reported
EDMS
0.015
0.331
Scottsdale Airport
AT
5,026 reported NEI default
1.223
0.158
GA
92,365 reported NEI default
0.382
0.065
ML
291 reported NEI default
1.363
0.158
Skyranch at Carefree
GA
2,453 reported
EDMS
0.249
0.044
Stellar Airpark
GA
22,000 reported NEI default
0.382
0.065
Wickenburg Municipal Airport3
AT
179 AirNav NEI default
1.223
0.158
GA
8,495 AirNav NEI default
0.382
0.065
ML
268 AirNav NEI default
1.363
0.158
Williams Gateway Airport
AC
421 reported
EDMS
2.409
18.067
AT
3,104 reported
EDMS
1.271
1.379
GA
79,731 reported
EDMS
0.277
0.045
ML
5,990 reported
EDMS
1.152
5.300
1. “reported” = using 2002 survey results supplied by the airport,
“AirNav” = using available data on average daily LTOs from www.airnav.com.
2. “EDMS” = emission factors were based on EDMS model calculations,
“NEI default” = NEI default emission factors Table 4.12–1 were used.
3. Airport is outside the nonattainment area.

Composite CO emission
factor (lb/LTO)

CO
28.130
17.641
28.130
12.014
28.130
28.130
12.014
28.130
12.014
12.014
13.827
28.130
12.014
28.130
7.615
28.130
12.014
28.130
43.267
14.996
6.838
0.643
0.529
28.130
12.014
28.130
17.641
12.014
28.130
12.014
28.130
6.960
14.996
18.234
10.288

= Σ modeled CO emissions (tons/yr) × 1 yr ÷ 24,000 LTOs × 2000 lb/ton
= 17.64 lb CO/LTO

This composite emission factor was then multiplied by the actual number of LTOs at the airport
to derive an annual CO emissions total:
CO emissions (lb/ yr)

= 2,453 LTO/yr × 17.64 lb CO/LTO
= 43,272.88 lb CO/yr

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The above approach was used to calculate CO, HC (hydrocarbons), NOx and SOx directly from
the EDMS model. Emissions of VOC were derived by applying the appropriate HC:VOC factor
listed in Table 4.12–1.
Table 4.12–2 lists the emission factors used. Table 4.12–3 lists the total annual emissions and
ozone season-day emissions, for each airport and aircraft type. For all airports, activity is
presumed to occur evenly over a 7-day week. To develop seasonal allocation factors, Phoenix
Sky Harbor International Airport’s distribution of LTO’s for air carrier activity was used.
Seasonal activity for the ozone season (July – September) is thus calculated as (15,985 + 16,243
+ 15,283 ÷ 187,125 = 25%).
Table 4.12–3. Annual and ozone season-day emissions, by airport and aircraft type.
Activity
Tons/yr
Lbs/day
Facility
category1
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Arizona Army Natl. Guard
ML
0.53
0.06
10.97
2.9
0.3
60.3
Chandler Municipal Airport
AT
0.56
0.07
12.86
3.1
0.4
70.6
GA
15.43
2.62
484.70
84.8
14.4 2,663.2
ML
0.01
0.00
0.14
0.0
0.0
0.8
Falcon Field
AT
0.81
0.10
18.55
4.4
0.6
101.9
GA
23.97
4.07
752.98
131.7
22.4 4,137.2
ML
3.60
0.42
74.24
19.8
2.3
407.9
Glendale Municipal Airport
GA
11.35
1.93
356.53
62.4
10.6 1,958.9
Luke Air Force Base
ML
99.33
333.86
423.28
545.8 1,834.4 2,325.7
Phoenix Deer Valley Airport
AT
1.53
0.20
35.09
8.4
1.1
192.8
GA
36.77
6.25 1,154.87
202.0
34.3 6,345.4
ML
0.02
0.00
0.39
0.1
0.0
2.2
Phoenix Goodyear Airport
AC
0.17
2.47
0.50
0.9
13.6
2.7
AT
0.17
0.02
3.80
0.9
0.1
20.9
GA
13.07
2.22
410.38
71.8
12.2 2,254.8
ML
0.39
0.04
8.00
2.1
0.2
44.0
Phoenix Sky Harbor Int'l.
AC
1,632.11 3,761.31 4,048.17 8,967.6 20,666.5 22,242.7
AT
36.59
39.69
431.66
201.0
218.1 2,371.8
GA
1.36
0.22
89.59
7.5
1.2
492.3
ML
0.07
0.33
0.64
0.4
1.8
3.5
Pleasant Valley Airport
GA
0.14
3.19
5.11
0.8
17.6
28.1
Scottsdale Airport
AT
3.07
0.40
70.69
16.9
2.2
388.4
GA
17.66
3.00
554.84
97.1
16.5 3,048.6
ML
0.20
0.02
4.09
1.1
0.1
22.5
Skyranch at Carefree
GA
0.31
0.05
21.64
1.7
0.3
118.9
Stellar Airpark
GA
4.21
0.72
132.15
23.1
3.9
726.1
Williams Gateway Airport
AC
0.51
3.80
1.47
2.8
20.9
8.0
AT
1.97
2.14
23.27
10.8
11.8
127.9
GA
11.03
1.79
726.91
60.6
9.9 3,994.0
ML
3.45
15.87
30.81
19.0
87.2
169.3
Ozone nonattainment area totals:
1,920.37 4,186.89 9,888.43 10,551.5 23,004.9 54,332.0
Airports outside the nonattainment area:
Buckeye Municipal Airport
GA
2.10
0.37
148.15
11.5
2.0
814.0
Gila Bend Municipal Airport
GA
0.10
0.02
3.14
0.6
0.1
17.2
Wickenburg Mun. Airport
AT
0.11
0.01
2.52
0.6
0.1
13.8
GA
1.62
0.28
51.03
8.9
1.5
280.4
ML
0.18
0.02
3.77
1.0
0.1
20.7
Maricopa County totals:
1,924.48 4,187.59 10,097.03 10,574.1 23,008.7 55,478.2
1. AC = air carrier, GA = general aviation, AT = air taxi, ML = military.
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4.13

Locomotives

Annual emissions from locomotives were calculated based on diesel fuel usage provided by
Burlington Northern/Santa Fe Railway (BNSF) and Union Pacific Railway (UP). Railway
operations from these companies fall into two categories: Class I haul lines and yard/switching
operations (no Class II or Class III haul lines operated in Maricopa County in 2002). Annual
emissions from Class I haul operations and yard/ switching operations were calculated by
multiplying diesel fuel usage by EPA emission factors for VOC, NOx, and CO (US EPA, 1997).
VOC Emissions from UP = Diesel fuel used (gals) × EPA emission factor (lbs/gal) ÷ 2000 lbs/ton
Class I haul lines
for VOC
= 9,204,320 gallons
× 0.022 lbs/gal
÷ 2000 lbs/ton
= 101.25 tons of VOC/yr
Table 4.13–1. Fuel use, emission factors, and annual emissions from locomotives in Maricopa County.
Emission factor (lbs/gal)
Emissions (tons/yr)
Diesel fuel
Locomotive type
used (gals)
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
BNSF Class I haul line
824,339
0.022
0.595
0.059
9.07
245.24
24.32
UP Class I haul line
9,204,320
0.022
0.595
0.059
101.25 2,738.29
271.53
BNSF yard/switch operations
824,900
0.046
0.798
0.084
18.97
329.14
34.65
UP yard/switch operations
329,960
0.046
0.798
0.084
7.59
131.65
13.86
Totals:
11,183,519
136.88 3,444.32
344.35

Ozone nonattainment area emissions were calculated by multiplying Maricopa County emissions
by the percentage of track miles inside the ozone nonattainment area, determined by GIS
mapping:
Ozone nonattainment area emissions
from UP Class I haul lines

= County VOC emissions

× Percentage of track in
the nonattainment area

= 101.25 tons of VOC/yr
= 38.42 tons of VOC/yr

× 37.95%

Table 4.13–2. Annual emissions (in tons/yr) from locomotives in the ozone NAA.
Track in nonattainLocomotive type
ment area (%)
VOC
NOx
BNSF Class I haul line
37.95
3.44
93.07
UP Class I haul line
37.95
38.42
1,039.18
BNSF yard/switch operations
100.00
18.97
329.14
UP yard/switch operations
100.00
7.59
131.65
Totals:
68.43
1,593.04

CO
9.23
103.04
34.65
13.86
160.78

Ozone season-day emissions for both the county and the ozone nonattainment area were
calculated by dividing annual totals by 365 days per year, as locomotive activity is assumed to be
uniform throughout the year.
Ozone season-day
= Annual VOC emissions (tons)
emissions from haul lines
= 110.32 tons
= 604.5 lbs/day

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

124

× 2000 lbs/ton

÷ 365 days

× 2000 lbs/ton

÷ 365 days

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 4.13–3. Ozone season-day emissions (in lbs/day) from locomotives.
Maricopa County
Nonattainment area
Locomotive type
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
BNSF Class I haul line
49.7
1,343.8
133.2
18.9
510.0
50.6
UP Class I haul line
554.8
15,004.3
1,487.8
210.5
5,694.1
564.6
BNSF yard/switch operations
104.0
1,803.5
189.8
104.0
1,803.5
189.8
UP yard/switch operations
41.6
721.4
75.9
41.6
721.4
75.9
Totals:
750.0
18,873.0
1,886.8
374.9
8,729.0
881.0

4.14

Summary of all nonroad mobile source emissions

Tables 4.14–1 and 4.14–2 summarize annual and ozone season-day emissions of VOC, NOx and
CO from nonroad mobile sources in Maricopa county and the ozone nonattainment area,
respectively.
Table 4.14–1. Annual and season-day emissions from nonroad mobile sources in Maricopa County.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Equipment category
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Agricultural
70.60
477.46
632.96
621.8
4,147.2
5,839.5
Airport ground support equip.
139.57
147.09
3,471.09
766.9
808.1
19,071.9
Commercial
1,758.91
1,319.44
45,797.55
12,446.4
7,799.2
340,043.7
Construction & mining
1,786.47
9,834.69
15,584.58
15,336.6
83,115.7
143,428.8
Industrial
361.99
3,174.80
15,135.47
2,457.9
20,062.1
104,078.3
Lawn & garden
4,523.18
695.48
77,273.13
46,424.7
5,607.4
851,032.3
Logging
20.94
38.74
136.54
136.4
247.0
991.6
Pleasure craft
600.20
43.01
1,423.91
15,428.5
1,001.7
39,125.6
Railway maintenance
5.10
20.35
61.28
36.5
140.2
473.6
Recreational
885.25
63.35
9,788.20
11,451.8
656.1
137,421.0
Aircraft
1,924.48
4,187.59
10,097.03
10,574.1
23,008.7
55,478.2
Locomotives
136.88
3,444.32
344.35
750.0
18,873.0
1,886.8
Totals:
12,213.57
23,446.32
179,746.09 116,431.6 165,466.4
1,698,871.3

Table 4.14–2. Annual and season-day emissions from nonroad mobile sources in the ozone NAA.
Annual emissions (tons/yr)
Typical daily emissions (lbs/day)
Equipment category
VOC
NOx
CO
VOC
NOx
CO
Agricultural
31.43
212.61
281.86
276.9
1,846.8
2,600.3
Airport ground support equip.
136.08
143.42
3,384.31
747.7
787.9
18,595.1
Commercial
1,725.31
1,294.24
44,922.82
12,208.7
7,650.3
333,548.9
Construction & mining
1,752.35
9,646.84
15,286.91
15,043.6
81,528.2
140,689.3
Industrial
355.07
3,114.16
14,846.36
2,411.0
19,678.9
102,090.4
Lawn & garden
4,440.86
682.82
75,866.76
45,579.7
5,505.3
835,543.5
Logging
20.53
38.01
133.94
133.8
242.3
972.7
Pleasure craft
205.88
14.75
488.40
5,292.0
343.7
13,420.1
Railway maintenance
5.01
19.96
60.11
35.8
137.6
464.5
Recreational
89.32
6.40
987.63
1,155.4
66.1
13,865.9
Aircraft
1,920.37
4,186.89
9,888.43
10,551.5
23,004.9
54,332.0
Locomotives
68.43
1,593.04
160.78
374.9
8,729.0
881.0
TOTALS:
10,750.64
20,953.14
166,308.31
93,811.0 149,521.0
1,517,003.7

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Maricopa County, AZ

4.15

Quality assurance procedures

Established procedures were used to check, and correct when necessary, the off-road mobile
sources emissions estimates. All NONROAD model input and output files, and Excel spreadsheets used to calculate the emissions, were checked by personnel who were not involved in the
development of the modeling inputs/outputs and spreadsheets. In addition, the emissions
estimates were reviewed for reasonableness by external agency staff.

4.16

References

ENVIRON et al., 2003. Maricopa County 2002 Comprehensive Emission Inventory for the Cap
and Trade Oversight Committee, Final Report, prepared for ADEQ, October 9, 2003.
ERG, 2001. Documentation for the Draft 1999 Base Year Aircraft, Commercial Marine Vessels,
and Locomotive National Emissions Inventory for Criteria and Hazardous Air Pollutants.
Prepared by Eastern Research Group, Morrisville, NC for the US Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park, NC, Oct. 29,
2001. Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eidocs/partllsec4.pdf
EPA, 2002. Geographic Allocation of State Level Nonroad Engine Population Data to the
County Level. EPA Office of Transportation and Air Quality, Rep. EPA420-P-02-009, July.
Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models/nonrdmdl/p02009.pdf.
EPA, 1999. Weekday and Weekend Day Temporal Allocation of Activity in the NONROAD
Model. EPA Office of Transportation and Air Quality, Rep. EPA420-P-99-033, March.
Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models/nonrdmdl/p99033.pdf.
EPA, 1997. Emission Factors for Locomotives. Office of Mobile Sources. Techn. Highlights,
(Table 9) Rep. EPA420-F-97-051, Dec. 1997. Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/otaq/
regs/nonroad/locomotv/frm/ 42097051.pdf

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5.

Onroad Mobile Sources

5.1

Introduction

The Maricopa Association of Governments (MAG) prepared the onroad mobile source emission
estimates for the 2002 periodic ozone precursor emissions inventory for the Maricopa County
Nonattainment Area and for Maricopa County. Onroad mobile source emission estimates have
been calculated for ozone (O3) precursors for the 2002 periodic ozone inventory. These onroad
mobile source estimates are for the ozone nonattainment area within Maricopa County and also
for Maricopa County as a whole. Emission estimates were developed for both the ozone season
and also for 2002 as a whole.
Emission estimates were calculated for the following eight vehicle classes: light duty gas
vehicles (LDGV), light duty gas trucks of gross vehicle weight under 6000 pounds (LDGT1/
LDGT2) or over 6000 pounds (LDGT3/LDGT4), heavy duty gas vehicles (HDGV), light duty
diesel vehicles (LDDV), light duty diesel trucks (LDDT), heavy duty diesel vehicles (HDDV),
and motorcycles (MC). Emission factors for these vehicle classes were calculated using
MOBILE6.2, the latest version in a series of models developed by the US Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) for the purpose of estimating motor vehicle emission factors. The
resulting emission factors were multiplied by the estimates of vehicle miles of travel (VMT) to
generate emission estimates.
The main reference sources for preparing the onroad mobile source portion of the inventory were
as follows:
• Emission Inventory Requirements for Carbon Monoxide State Implementation Plans,
EPA-450/4-91-011, March 1991, (hereinafter referred to as EPA Guidance),
• Technical Guidance on the Use of MOBILE6 for Emission Inventory Preparation, US
EPA, January 2002,
• User's Guide to MOBILE6.1 and MOBILE6.2 (Mobile Source Emission Factor Model),
EPA420-R-03-010, August 2003, (hereinafter referred to as User's Guide), and
• Procedures for Emission Inventory Preparation Volume IV: Mobile Sources, EPA-450/481-026d (Revised), 1992.

5.2

VMT estimation procedure

MAG prepared the 2002 vehicle miles of travel (VMT) estimates for the ozone nonattainment
area and Maricopa County. The source of data for these estimates is the 2002 Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS) data (see Appendix 5.1) submitted to the US Department of
Transportation, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) by the Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT). The ADOT contact person for the HPMS VMT estimates is Mark Catchpole
(602-712-8596).
Each year, ADOT coordinates the collection of HPMS data, including the annual average daily
traffic (AADT) estimates which are utilized to develop HPMS VMT estimates. ADOT provides
the AADT for the state highway system routes including interstates, urban freeways, and principal arterials in Maricopa County. AADTs for other non-local facilities are provided by local
2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

127

Maricopa County, AZ

jurisdictions. ADOT merges the Maricopa County data with information from other Arizona
counties to create the statewide HPMS dataset submitted to FHWA each year.
HPMS contains a number of data elements which describe roadway characteristics and performance for every non-local roadway in Arizona. All non-local roadways have been divided into
sections which are 0.3 to 10 miles in length, in accordance with HPMS criteria. These sections
are called HPMS universe sections. HPMS contains additional data elements which provide
more detailed information on a randomly-selected set of sample sections. The VMT estimates
which ADOT submits to FHWA each year are generated from HPMS universe data for all interstates, urban freeways, and principal arterials. Sample section data are expanded to estimate
VMT on all other non-local systems.
VMT on local streets in the urbanized portion of Maricopa County is estimated using traffic
counts collected on 50 randomly-selected local streets in June-July of 1994. These counts
resulted in an AADT of 587 for local roads in the urbanized area. To calculate VMT, this
AADT was applied to local road mileage in 1994 obtained from the Maricopa County street
centerline coverage. In 1994, an AADT of 150 was assumed for local roads which are in the
“donut” area. The “donut” area is an HPMS term referring specifically to the area inside the
PM10 nonattainment area, but outside the Phoenix urbanized area boundary. Since 1994, the
AADTs on local streets have been increased annually on the basis of the rate of population
growth in the Maricopa County population; the mileage on local streets is updated annually by
the local jurisdictions in Maricopa County. VMT for the ozone nonattainment area, based on the
2002 HPMS data ADOT submitted to FHWA, is summarized by area type and facility type in
Table 5.2–1.
Table 5.2–1. 2002 HPMS VMT by area type and facility type for the ozone nonattainment area (annual
average daily traffic).
Area Type
Facility type:
1
2
3
4
5
Total
Interstate / Freeway
1,129,051 9,046,583 6,240,489 4,525,653 2,678,544 23,620,320
Principal Arterial / Minor Arterial
1,087,462 8,834,531 9,795,953 6,923,412 2,670,291 29,311,650
Collector
1,046,993 2,727,290 1,694,159
872,616
955,062 7,296,120
Local
195,247 1,991,136 2,564,545 1,689,510
855,772 7,296,210
Totals:
3,458,753 22,599,539 20,295,146 14,011,191 7,159,670 67,524,300
Notes:
1. Area Type = f(DENSITY of a planning district) where:
DENSITY = (Population + 2 × Employment) / Area
For Area Type 1, DENSITY = 20,001+
(Central Business District)
For Area Type 2, DENSITY = 10,001–20,000 (Outlying Central Business District)
For Area Type 3, DENSITY = 5,001–10,000 (Mixed Urban)
For Area Type 4, DENSITY = 1,001–5,000
(Suburban)
For Area Type 5, DENSITY = 0–1,000
(Rural)
2. Total VMT by facility type is extracted from the appropriate HPMS templates, with the urbanized area
VMT reduced by 1 percent and the donut area VMT reduced by 28 percent.
3. VMT is split up into Area Types using data from MAG 2002 EMME/2 travel demand modeling results.
4. In some cases, the total VMT estimates may differ slightly from the sum of the component VMT estimates
due to rounding. This difference will not exceed one vehicle mile of travel.

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The 2002 HPMS System Length and Daily Vehicle Travel for individual urbanized areas (in
Appendix 5.1) was submitted to FHWA by ADOT in October 2003. This table reported a 2002
average daily VMT (AADT) for the Phoenix urbanized area (#33) of 63.338 million. In comparison, the 2002 urbanized area VMT for the ozone nonattainment area used in the periodic
emissions inventory is 62.705 million. The one percent difference between these totals is
attributable to small sections of the Phoenix urbanized area (i.e. Apache Junction) which are not
located in the ozone nonattainment area and Maricopa County. The HPMS System Length and
Daily Vehicle Travel, donut area data for individual NAAQS nonattainment areas, (in Appendix
5.1), reported a 2002 VMT for the “donut” area (#33) of 6.694 million. The factors (i.e. 99
percent for the urbanized area and 72 percent for the donut area) used to determine the allocation
of HPMS VMT to the ozone nonattainment area were derived from the report, “Maricopa
Association of Governments Highway Performance Monitoring System Update Study”, January
1995. These factors were also used to derive VMT for the CO tracking area in Chapter Three of
the “MAG 1999 Serious Area Carbon Monoxide Plan for the Maricopa County Nonattainment
Area”, June 1999. The total 2002 daily VMT for the urbanized and “donut” areas in the ozone
nonattainment area is 67.524 million, as shown in Table 5.2–1. It is important to note that the
2002 HPMS daily VMT for the ozone nonattainment area is within one percent of the 2002
VMT estimated by the MAG EMME/2 travel demand models for the same domain (after
conversion of EMME/2 estimates from average weekday traffic to annual average daily traffic).
The distribution of VMT by facility type for the ozone nonattainment area in Table 5.2–1 was
derived from the 2002 HPMS data, while the distribution by area type was derived from a MAG
EMME/2 travel demand model run for 2002. The output of this traffic assignment was evaluated
using GIS to obtain VMT by area type and facility type for the Phoenix urbanized and “donut”
areas. The area type distributions from the EMME/2 assignment were applied to the 2002
HPMS VMT estimates by facility type for the urbanized and “donut” areas to create Table 5.2–1.
VMT estimates for all of Maricopa County were also developed by ADOT. The VMT division
by area type for all of Maricopa County were developed by applying all additional VMT for each
facility type to the Area Type 5 (rural) category, since all VMT outside of the ozone nonattainment area but inside Maricopa County is expected to be in a rural setting. The total VMT estimated for Maricopa County is 73.579 million miles per day for an annual average day. The
VMT estimates for Maricopa County are shown in Table 5.2–2.
Table 5.2–2.
traffic).

2002 HPMS VMT by area type and facility type for Maricopa County (annual average daily

Area Type
Facility type:
1
2
3
4
5
Total
Interstate / Freeway
1,129,051 9,046,583 6,240,489 4,525,653 5,662,224 26,604,000
Principal Arterial / Minor Arterial
1,087,462 8,834,531 9,795,953 6,923,412 3,738,642 30,380,000
Collector
1,046,993 2,727,290 1,694,159
872,616 2,390,942 8,732,000
Local
195,247 1,991,136 2,564,545 1,689,510 1,422,562 7,863,000
Totals:
3,458,753 22,599,540 20,295,146 14,011,191 13,214,370 73,579,000
Notes:
1. For the definition of “Area Type”, see Table 5.2–1, Note 1.
2. VMT is split up into Area Types using data from MAG 2002 EMME/2 travel demand modeling results. All
VMT outside of the HPMS urbanized and donut areas were applied to Area Type 5.
3. In some cases, the total VMT estimates may differ slightly from the sum of the component VMT estimates
due to rounding. This difference will not exceed one vehicle mile of travel.
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Although HPMS reports vehicle mix data for urban and rural areas of Arizona, there are insufficient classification stations in the Phoenix urbanized area to justify use of this information in
calculating VMT by vehicle class. In addition, the HPMS vehicle class data do not discriminate
between gas and diesel vehicles. Therefore, MOBILE6.2 model defaults, representing the fraction of total VMT for each vehicle class, were applied to VMT estimates for each facility type
and area type.

5.3

Speed estimation procedure

MAG prepared the average daily speeds for the onroad mobile sources portion of the 2002
periodic ozone emissions inventory. The average daily speeds were developed from several
sources representing the latest planning assumptions for 2002.
For the Interstate/Freeway category and for the Principal/Minor Arterial category, the speeds
were developed using data in the February 11, 2004 draft report 2002-2003 MAG Regional
Travel Time & Travel Speed Study. This report contained data for the functional classifications
“HOV”, “Freeway”, “Expressway”, “6 Leg Arterial”, and “Major Arterial”. Speeds for the first
three categories were combined through a weighted average to develop the average speed for the
Interstate/Freeway category used in the Periodic Inventory. Similarly, the two arterial categories
contained in the speed study were combined through a weighted averaging to obtain a Principal
Arterial/Minor Arterial category speed. In both of these categories, speeds were unique by area
type.
The third facility type included in the periodic inventory is collectors. To develop speed
estimates for this facility type, speeds were extracted from the latest 2002 travel demand model
run created using the EMME/2 software. In the EMME/2 runs performed by MAG, some traffic
links that are classified as “locals” would actually be classified as “collectors” by HPMS. The
EMME/2 runs also contain artificial links that are categorized as locals. Since the HPMS
collector category includes some EMME/2 collector links and some EMME/2 locals, the
EMME/2 speeds for locals and collectors were averaged and the result was used for the HPMS
category of collectors. Like the speeds for the Interstate/Freeway and Principal/Minor Arterials
categories, the speeds for Collectors were calculated separately for each of the five area types.
The fourth of the HPMS facility types is local roadways. The MOBILE6.2 model assumes a set
speed of 12.9 miles per hour for local roadways. This speed was incorporated into the current
analysis for all local roadways, regardless of area type.
Table 5.3–1.

Average daily speeds (mph) for the 2002 periodic emissions inventory.
Area Type *
Facility type:
1
2
3
4
Interstate / Freeway
59.7
60.3
63.2
64.8
Principal Arterial / Minor Arterial
30.3
34.4
36.1
39.0
Collector
18.2
19.1
24.4
24.7
Local
12.9
12.9
12.9
12.9
* For the definition of “Area Type”, see Table 5.2–1, Note 1.

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5
64.2
42.6
28.2
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5.4

Monthly VMT factors

In the development of annual emissions totals for this inventory, emission factor estimates were
estimated independently for each month, with month-specific meteorological and fuel data.
Since average daily VMT varies by month, and the number of days in each month varies, these
monthly average emission factors were weighted to more appropriately represent an annual
average emission factor. Similarly, the conversion of annual average day traffic to the three
months of the peak ozone season utilized the monthly VMT factors listed below.
Average daily VMT estimate factors in Table 5.4–1 were developed from the 1998 MAG
Regional Congestion Study and the monthly factors are as follows:
Table 5.4–1.
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June

Average daily VMT adjustment factors by month.
Avg daily VMT
Avg daily VMT
estimate factor
Month
estimate factor
0.98
July
0.94
1.03
August
0.96
1.03
September
0.99
1.03
October
1.02
0.99
November
1.02
0.98
December
1.04

These factors indicate, as an example, that an average day in February has three percent more
traffic than an average month while an average day in June has two percent less traffic than
average. Separately, the different number of days in a month will effect the weighting of
monthly emission factors to an annual average. For instance, if each month had the same
number of days, each monthly emission factor would be equally weighted by 1/12 (0.0833).
Since each month does not have the same number of days, the monthly emission factors are
weighted accordingly, with January being weighted 31/365 (0.0849), February being weighted
28/365 (0.0767), etc. Combining the two sets of adjustments, the February emission factors
would be weighted by 1.03 × 0.0767 in the development of the annual emission factors.
These weightings are applied by the FORTRAN program “NEIProgram”, which was created by
MAG. NEIProgram reads in the individual MOBILE6.2 output files for all twelve months and
for the I/M versus non-I/M scenarios. NEIProgram weighs those 24 sets of MOBILE6.2 output
files to a single set of annual average emission factors. The complete source code for
NEIProgram may be found in Appendix 5.6.
The same monthly factors were used to convert the annual average daily traffic estimates from
the HPMS system to reflect an average day during the peak ozone season. The peak ozone
season reflects the three consecutive months when peak ozone concentrations occur. For consistency with the 1999 periodic ozone precursors inventory, the three consecutive months
selected were July through September, 2002, in accordance with EPA guidance. Averaging the
monthly factors for July through September results in a factor of 0.96.

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Table 5.4–2. Average daily VMT during 2002 ozone season for the ozone nonattainment area (July–
September 2002).
Area Type
Facility type:
1
2
3
4
5
Total
Interstate / Freeway
1,083,889 8,684,720 5,990,869 4,344,627 2,571,402 22,675,507
Principal Arterial / Minor Arterial
1,043,964 8,481,150 9,404,115 6,646,476 2,563,479 28,139,183
Collector
1,005,113 2,618,198 1,626,393
837,711
916,860 7,004,275
Local
187,437 1,911,491 2,461,963 1,621,930
821,541 7,004,362
Totals:
3,320,403 21,695,559 19,483,340 13,450,744 6,873,282 64,823,327
Notes:
1. For the definition of “Area Type”, see Table 5.2–1, Note 1.
2. In some cases, the total VMT estimates may differ slightly from the sum of the component VMT estimates
due to rounding. This difference will not exceed one vehicle mile of travel.

Table 5.4–3.

Average daily VMT during 2002 ozone season for Maricopa County (July–September 2002).
Area Type
Facility type:
1
2
3
4
5
Total
Interstate / Freeway
1,083,889 8,684,720 5,990,869 4,344,627 5,435,735 25,539,840
Principal Arterial / Minor Arterial
1,043,964 8,481,150 9,404,115 6,646,476 3,589,096 29,164,801
Collector
1,005,113 2,618,198 1,626,393
837,711 2,295,304 8,382,719
Local
187,437 1,911,491 2,461,963 1,621,930 1,365,660 7,548,481
Totals:
3,320,403 21,695,559 19,483,340 13,450,744 12,685,795 70,635,841
Notes:
1. For the definition of “Area Type”, see Table 5.2–1, Note 1.
2. In some cases, the total VMT estimates may differ slightly from the sum of the component VMT estimates
due to rounding. This difference will not exceed one vehicle mile of travel.

5.5

Emission factor estimation procedure

5.5.1

Emission factor model

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and carbon monoxide (CO)
vehicle emission factors were calculated using MOBILE6.2. MOBILE6.2 is the latest version in
a series of models developed by the US EPA for the purpose of estimating motor vehicle
emission factors. The resulting emission factors were combined with vehicle miles of travel
(VMT) estimates to produce total emission estimates for onroad vehicles. The MOBILE6.2 runs
were executed by the Maricopa Association of Governments. The contact person for the
MOBILE6.2 emission estimates is Roger Roy (602-254-6300).
For the ozone precursor season analysis, two MOBILE6.2 runs were executed for a typical day
(24-hour period) during the three-month period of July through September. For the annual
emissions estimates, two MOBILE6.2 runs were executed for each month of the year using
month specific fuel and temperature data, reflecting vehicles registered locally (subject to the
I/M program) and those not registered locally (not participating in the I/M program).
The emission factors estimated with these runs were combined to reflect the actual proportions
of vehicles subject to the specified levels of inspection. The term “I/M vehicles” denotes
vehicles which are required to undergo an emission test and/or inspection under the Arizona
Vehicle Inspection/Maintenance Program. It is important to note that participation in the I/M
program is required for all vehicles registered in the nonattainment area, with the exception of
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certain model year and vehicle classes. However, it is assumed that of the vehicles which are of
an age and type subject to an I/M program, only 91.7 percent of the vehicles operating within the
nonattainment area participate in the I/M program. The remaining 8.3 percent do not participate
in the program. These percentages reflect the control measures “Tougher Registration Enforcement” and “Expansion of Area A Boundaries”, described in the Revised MAG 1999 Serious
Area Carbon Monoxide Plan for the Maricopa County Nonattainment Area, MAG, March 2001.
In the absence of any additional data, this percentage split is assumed to apply directly to VMT
as well. Refer to Appendix 5.2 for portions of the actual input and output files and a spreadsheet
showing the emission factor calculations.

5.5.2

Development of model inputs

The inputs to MOBILE6.2 are grouped into three categories: Header inputs, run inputs, and
scenario inputs. The input values used in the MOBILE6.2 runs are specified and explained
below. Humidity was not used as an input to the monthly runs that were used to create an annual
average emission estimate. After reviewing the MOBILE6.2 guidance on the use of local
humidity data (see page 7 of http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models/mobile6/m6techgd.pdf) , it does
not appear that inputting specific humidity values would be appropriate for the development of
an annual average emissions inventory of this type. However, humidity estimates were used for
the ozone season analysis, in accordance with the aforementioned MOBILE6.2 guidance.
Header Section
1.

MOBILE6 INPUT FILE: indicates that the MOBILE6.2 input file is a regular command
file rather than a batch file.

Run Data Section
1.

NO REFUELING: indicates that refueling emissions are excluded from the MOBILE6.2
outputs. Refueling emissions are included in the Area Sources chapter of the 2002
inventory.

2.

I/M PROGRAM: 1 1977 2050 1 T/O LOADED IDLE indicates the program start and
end dates, frequency of testing, and test type. There are five components of the I/M program modeled; a loaded idle test for heavy duty gasoline vehicles (shown in the example
in Appendix 5.2), a transient idle test (I/M240 modeled as a surrogate for the I/M147
test) for light duty cars and trucks through model year 1995, a loaded idle test for light
duty cars and trucks of model years 1967 to 1980, an on-board diagnostic (OBD) exhaust
test for model year 1996 and newer vehicles, and an OBD evaporative test for the same
vehicles. The remaining four occurrences of this command are as follows:
I/M PROGRAM: 2 1977 2050 2 T/O IM240 - relating to the transient idle I/M240
program modeled as a surrogate for the I/M147 program.
I/M PROGRAM: 3 1977 2050 1 T/O LOADED IDLE - relating to the loaded idle
program for model year 1967-1980 light duty cars and trucks.

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I/M PROGRAM: 4 2001 2050 2 T/O OBD I/M - relating to the exhaust portion of the
OBD test.
I/M PROGRAM: 5 2001 2050 2 T/O EVAP OBD & GC - relating to the evaporative
and gas cap portion of the OBD test.
3.

I/M MODEL YEARS: 1 1967 2050 indicates the first and last model years affected by
the given component of the I/M program. The inputs shown above indicate that model
years 1967 and newer are tested by component 1 of the I/M program. The remaining four
occurrences of this command are as follows:
I/M MODEL YEARS: 2 1981 1995 - relating to the transient idle I/M240 program
modeled as a surrogate for the I/M147 program.
I/M MODEL YEARS: 3 1967 1980 - relating to the loaded idle program for model year
1967-1980 light duty cars and trucks.
I/M MODEL YEARS: 4 1996 2050 - relating to the exhaust portion of the OBD test.
I/M MODEL YEARS: 5 1996 2050 - relating to the evaporative and gas cap portion of
the OBD test.

4.

I/M VEHICLES: 1 11111 22222222 2 indicates that for the first component of the
I/M program (1), the five vehicle categories LDGV, LDGT1, LDGT2, LDGT3, and
LDGT4 are not subject to this portion of the I/M program (indicated by “1”) while
HDGV2B, HDGV3, HDGV4, HDGV5, HDGV6, HDGV7, HDGV8A, HDGV8B, and
gasoline buses are covered (indicated by “2”). The remaining four occurrences of this
command are as follows:
I/M VEHICLES: 2 22222 11111111 1 indicates that the opposite vehicle classes are
subject to the transient idle I/M240 program modeled as a surrogate for the I/M147
program. This selection of vehicle classes is also applied to the remaining three portions
of the I/M program.

5.

I/M STRINGENCY: 1 28.0 indicates that the initial test failure rate for pre-1981
LDGVs and pre-1984 LDGTs is 28.0 percent. This stringency rate is also applied to the
remaining portions of the I/M program.

6.

I/M COMPLIANCE: 1 97.0 indicates that the fraction of the total vehicle fleet subject
to the I/M program that passes the I/M test or receives a waiver is 97.0 percent. This
compliance rate is also applied to the remaining portion of the I/M program.

7.

I/M WAIVER RATES: 1 1.3 1.0 indicates that the fraction of vehicles that fail the I/M
program is 1.3 for pre-1981 model years and 1.0 percent for 1981 and later model years.
These waiver rates are also applied to the remaining portion of the I/M program.

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8.

I/M GRACE PERIOD: 1 5 indicates that vehicles less than 5 years old are exempted
from the I/M program. This exemption is identical for all portions of the I/M program.

9.

I/M CUTPOINTS: 2 CUTcmp02.d indicates that for the ozone peak season analysis,
MOBILE6.2 reads the external data file “CUTcmp02.d” for the I/M cutpoint values for
HC, CO, and NOx. There are 25 values for each vehicle class and pollutant, for the most
recent 25 model years, starting with the youngest vehicle. This data is only input for the
I/M240 program. For the monthly MOBILE6.2 runs performed to develop the annual
ozone precursor emissions estimates, the file CUTcmp02.d was used for the January
through September 2002 analyses and CUTcmp03.d was used for October through
December.

10.

ANTI-TAMP PROGRAM: 87 75 80 22222 22222222 2 11 097. 22111222 indicates
the nature of the anti-tampering program. Specifically, this portion of the anti-tampering
program began in 1987 and covers model year vehicles 1975 to 1980. Vehicle classes
subject to the inspection (indicated by a “2”) include LDGV, LDGT1, LDGT2, LDGT3,
LDGT4, HDGV2B, HDGV3, HDGV4, HDGV5, HDGV6, HDGV7, HDGV8A,
HDGV8B, and gasoline powered buses. The test is performed annually. The test has a
97 percent compliance rate. The parameters tested include air pump disablement,
catalyst removal, evaporative system disablement, PCV system disablement, and missing
gas cap. The parameters not tested are fuel inlet restrictor disablement, tailpipe lead
deposit test, and EGR disablement. A second data line indicates that the same test is also
performed on model year 1981 to 1995 vehicles, but with the LDGV, LDGT1, LDGT2,
LDGT3, and LDGT4 classes omitted because those vehicles are subject to the transient
I/M or OBD test.

11.

REG DIST: 02reg02.d indicates that for the ozone peak season analysis, vehicle
registration distributions by age for the 16 composite vehicle types are read by
MOBILE6.2 from an external data file, called 02reg02.d. The raw data upon which the
registration distributions and diesel fractions are based may be found in Appendix 5.3.
The file 02reg02.d was used for the months January through September, 2002. The file
02reg03.d was used for the remaining months of October 2002 through December 2002
because those analyses are closer to a January 2003 scenario than a July 2002 scenario.

12.

DIESEL FRACTIONS: indicates the user-supplied diesel sales fractions. This input is
followed by 350 fractional values representing the fraction of the 14 vehicle classes
internally examined by MOBILE6.2 and 25 most recent model years that are diesel
vehicles. As an example, the first value, 0.0050, indicates that for the most recent model
year of light duty vehicles, 0.5 percent of the vehicles sold are diesel.

Scenario Section
1.

SCENARIO RECORD: Allows the user to enter a name to identify the scenario being
run.

2.

CALENDAR YEAR: 2002 was input because the applicable three-month period for the
ozone season inventory is July through September of 2002. To be consistent with the

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User's Guide, the calendar year 2002 was chosen to model conditions representative of
the applicable period. For the annual emission estimates, the calendar year 2002 was
chosen for the months January through September while for the months of October
through December, the calendar year 2003 was chosen because a January 2003 scenario
more closely matches those months than a January 2002 scenario.
3.

EVALUATION MONTH: 7 indicates that the month to be modeled for the peak ozone
season inventory is July. For the annual emissions estimates, the months April through
September were run with this setting while the remaining months were processed with
the evaluation month set to January. January and July are the only settings allowed for
the evaluation month.

4.

ALTITUDE:1 indicates the geographic area modeled was low altitude.

5.

MIN/MAX TEMPERATURE: 80.0 104. provides the model with the daily minimum
and maximum temperatures for the peak ozone season day modeled. The temperatures
used are consistent with those modeled for the previous ozone precursor periodic
inventories. For the monthly analyses used to estimate annual emissions, temperatures
were derived from the appropriate Sky Harbor Airport Local Climatological Data (LCD)
reports. The raw meteorological data may be found in Appendix 5.4.

6.

AVERAGE SPEED: various speeds analyzed indicates to MOBILE6.2 the average
speed to be modeled for each facility type and area type combination. All facility and
area type combinations with unique speeds will be modeled in this manner.

7.

VMT BY FACILITY: allfwy.def indicates to MOBILE6.2 that the external file
allfwy.def is to be referenced for the ratio of VMT by hour by facility type. The file
allfwy indicates that all VMT is occurring on the MOBILE6.2 facility type freeways for
use in developing the emission factors for the periodic inventory functional
classifications Interstates/Freeways/Expressways. Similarly, the external file allart.def is
called when estimating the emission factors for the arterials or collectors, and allloc.def is
called when estimating the emission factors for the periodic inventory category locals.

8.

FUEL RVP: 6.6 Indicates that the average Reid Vapor Pressure of the gasoline sold
during this time period is 6.6 pounds per square inch. This estimate is based upon raw
gasoline data provided by the Arizona Department of Weights and Measures.
Specifically, this value represents the average RVP of 192 samples collected from July
through September of 2002. For the annual emissions estimates, monthly RVP estimates
were derived from the Arizona Department of Weights and Measures data table for use in
the monthly MOBILE6.2 analyses incorporated into this analysis. Monthly fuel qualities,
including RVP, sulfur content, and ethanol content, are summarized in Appendix 5.7.

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9.

FUEL PROGRAM: 4 Indicates that the model is to be run with user-supplied gasoline
sulfur levels. The following four lines include 32 numbers, the first 16 listing the
average gasoline sulfur value in parts per million for the years 2000 through 2015 and the
second 16 indicate the maximum gasoline sulfur content vehicles of model year 2000
through 2015 will be exposed. For the purposes of this analysis, the gasoline data from
the time period of November and December 2002 was examined and the average sampled
sulfur values during that time period were entered for all time periods. Similarly, the
gasoline data for all of 2002 was examined and the maximum sulfur value during that
time period was entered for each model year of 2000 through 2015. Those values were
78.1 for average sulfur content and 338.0 ppm for a maximum sulfur content. For the
monthly MOBILE6.2 analyses incorporated into this analysis, the average monthly sulfur
content from the Arizona Department of Weights and Measures data table were used for
the average sulfur value while the 338.0 ppm estimate was used for each month as the
maximum sulfur content.

10.

OXYGENATED FUELS: 1.000 0.000 0.019 0.000 1 Indicates that the 100 percent of
the gasoline sold during the ozone season modeled used MTBE as an oxygenate and 0
percent of the gasoline used ethanol as an oxygenate. The average MTBE content was
1.9 percent by weight and the average ethanol content was 0.0 percent by weight. The
number “1” indicates that no RVP waiver has been granted to allow for the “splash”
blending of ethanol oxygenates. For the monthly MOBILE6.2 analyses incorporated into
this analysis, the average monthly oxygenate content from the Arizona Department of
Weights and Measures data table were used, with the exception of January through
March 2003, a time period during which no oxygenate data were available. For those
months, an average of the months November and December were used.

5.5.3

Model outputs

MOBILE6.2 was executed with the inputs described above to obtain composite emission factors
in grams per mile (g/mi) for VOC, NOx, and CO. These values were obtained for the eight
vehicle classes described in section 5.1 for the various speeds as described in item six of the
Scenario Section, described on the preceding page. The emission factors generated for 2002 are
presented in the following section. Representative output runs are contained in Appendix 5.2.
These values were subsequently used in developing emission estimates.

5.5.4

Summary of emission factors

Refer to Appendix 5.2 for the emission factors developed for VOC, NOx, and CO for each
vehicle class, facility, and area type.

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

137

Maricopa County, AZ

5.5.5

Emission estimates

MOBILE6.2 was used to generate onroad emission factors for vehicle class, facility, and area
type. Daily VMT (DVMT) for the ozone season (Table 5.4–2 and 5.4–3) or for an annual
average day (Table 5.2–1 and 5.2–2) was then multiplied by the VMT mix by vehicle class and
the appropriate ozone precursor emission factor (Appendix 5.2) to estimate emissions on a
kilogram per day (kg/day) basis. VMT mix refers to the fraction of total onroad vehicle miles of
travel from a particular vehicle type. For example, since the EPA MOBILE6.2 model estimates
that 45.1 percent of onroad VMT was from light duty gasoline vehicles, the VMT Mix value for
LDGVs is 0.451. An example calculation for VOC emissions is given below, reflecting light
duty gasoline vehicles on interstates, freeways, and expressways in area type 1 for the summer
ozone season (see Table 5.5–1):
VOC emissions = DMVT
(kg/day)

× VMT mix × VOC emission factor ÷ unit conversion factor
(g/mi)
(g/kg)

= 1,083,889 × 0.451
= 477 kg VOC/day

× 0.976

÷ 1,000

VOC emissions= VOC emissions ÷ unit conversion factor
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
(kg/lb)
= 477 kg
÷ 0.4536
= 1,052 lb VOC/day

Tables 5.5–1 through 5.5–12 show daily VMT data, associated speed estimates, MOBILE6.2
emission factors, and the calculated VOC, NOx, and CO emissions for each vehicle class,
facility, and area type for the nonattainment area or Maricopa County and for the peak ozone
season or annual average day.

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

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Table 5.5–1. Daily VOC emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by vehicle class, facility type and area
type (peak ozone season day).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
59.7
0.976
1,083,889
1,051.9
477.1
INTERSTATE,
LDGV
2
60.3
0.975
8,684,720
8,418.7
3,818.7
FREEWAY,
with VMT
3
63.2
0.974
5,990,869
5,801.4
2,631.5
and
mix of
4
64.8
0.974
4,344,627
4,207.2
1,908.4
EXPRESSWAY
45.1%
5
64.2
0.974
2,571,402
2,490.1
1,129.5
1
59.7
1.142
1,083,889
770.1
349.3
LDGT1
2
60.3
1.139
8,684,720
6,153.5
2,791.2
with VMT
3
63.2
1.138
5,990,869
4,240.7
1,923.6
mix of
4
64.8
1.138
4,344,627
3,075.4
1,395.0
28.2%
5
64.2
1.138
2,571,402
1,820.2
825.6
1
59.7
1.379
1,083,889
367.6
166.7
LDGT2
2
60.3
1.376
8,684,720
2,938.8
1,333.0
with VMT
3
63.2
1.373
5,990,869
2,024.2
918.2
mix of
4
64.8
1.373
4,344,627
1,467.9
665.9
11.2%
5
64.2
1.373
2,571,402
868.8
394.1
1
59.7
0.920
1,083,889
78.2
35.5
HDGV
2
60.3
0.919
8,684,720
626.3
284.1
with VMT
3
63.2
0.919
5,990,869
432.0
195.9
mix of
4
64.8
0.919
4,344,627
313.3
142.1
3.6%
5
64.2
0.919
2,571,402
185.4
84.1
1
59.7
0.393
1,083,889
2.1
0.9
LDDV
2
60.3
0.393
8,684,720
16.6
7.5
with VMT
3
63.2
0.393
5,990,869
11.4
5.2
mix of
4
64.8
0.393
4,344,627
8.3
3.8
0.2%
5
64.2
0.393
2,571,402
4.9
2.2
1
59.7
0.267
1,083,889
13.8
6.3
LDDT
2
60.3
0.267
8,684,720
110.4
50.1
with VMT
3
63.2
0.267
5,990,869
76.2
34.5
mix of
4
64.8
0.267
4,344,627
55.2
25.1
2.2%
5
64.2
0.267
2,571,402
32.7
14.8
1
59.7
0.396
1,083,889
86.0
39.0
HDDV
2
60.3
0.396
8,684,720
689.1
312.6
with VMT
3
63.2
0.396
5,990,869
475.4
215.6
mix of
4
64.8
0.396
4,344,627
344.7
156.4
9.1%
5
64.2
0.396
2,571,402
204.0
92.6
1
59.7
2.710
1,083,889
33.0
15.0
MC
2
60.3
2.750
8,684,720
268.5
121.8
with VMT
3
63.2
2.780
5,990,869
187.2
84.9
mix of
4
64.8
2.780
4,344,627
135.8
61.6
0.5%
5
64.2
2.780
2,571,402
80.4
36.5

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

139

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–1. Daily VOC emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by vehicle class, facility type and area
type (peak ozone season day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
30.3
1.111
1,043,964
1,152.3
522.7
PRINCIPAL
LDGV
2
34.4
1.071
8,481,150
9,024.2
4,093.4
ARTERIALS
with VMT
3
36.1
1.059
9,404,115
9,901.2
4,491.2
and
mix of
4
39.0
1.045
6,646,476
6,902.5
3,131.0
MINOR
45.1%
5
42.6
1.028
2,563,479
2,620.4
1,188.6
ARTERIALS
1
30.3
1.325
1,043,964
860.4
390.3
LDGT1
2
34.4
1.275
8,481,150
6,724.5
3,050.2
with VMT
3
36.1
1.259
9,404,115
7,366.6
3,341.5
mix of
4
39.0
1.239
6,646,476
5,122.4
2,323.5
28.2%
5
42.6
1.216
2,563,479
1,939.6
879.8
1
30.3
1.615
1,043,964
414.8
188.1
LDGT2
2
34.4
1.551
8,481,150
3,235.7
1,467.7
with VMT
3
36.1
1.533
9,404,115
3,545.4
1,608.2
mix of
4
39.0
1.508
6,646,476
2,465.9
1,118.5
11.2%
5
42.6
1.479
2,563,479
932.6
423.0
1
30.3
1.318
1,043,964
108.0
49.0
HDGV
2
34.4
1.199
8,481,150
797.8
361.9
with VMT
3
36.1
1.158
9,404,115
854.9
387.8
mix of
4
39.0
1.100
6,646,476
573.7
260.2
3.6%
5
42.6
1.042
2,563,479
209.7
95.1
1
30.3
0.499
1,043,964
2.5
1.1
LDDV
2
34.4
0.468
8,481,150
19.2
8.7
with VMT
3
36.1
0.457
9,404,115
20.8
9.5
mix of
4
39.0
0.440
6,646,476
14.2
6.4
0.2%
5
42.6
0.424
2,563,479
5.3
2.4
1
30.3
0.356
1,043,964
17.7
8.0
LDDT
2
34.4
0.330
8,481,150
133.3
60.4
with VMT
3
36.1
0.320
9,404,115
143.3
65.0
mix of
4
39.0
0.307
6,646,476
97.2
44.1
2.2%
5
42.6
0.293
2,563,479
35.8
16.2
1
30.3
0.603
1,043,964
126.1
57.2
HDDV
2
34.4
0.541
8,481,150
919.4
417.0
with VMT
3
36.1
0.520
9,404,115
979.9
444.5
mix of
4
39.0
0.488
6,646,476
649.9
294.8
9.1%
5
42.6
0.456
2,563,479
234.2
106.2
1
30.3
2.450
1,043,964
28.8
13.0
MC
2
34.4
2.330
8,481,150
222.2
100.8
with VMT
3
36.1
2.290
9,404,115
242.1
109.8
mix of
4
39.0
2.240
6,646,476
167.4
75.9
0.5%
5
42.6
2.190
2,563,479
63.1
28.6

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

140

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–1. Daily VOC emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by vehicle class, facility type and area
type (peak ozone season day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
18.2
1.322
1,005,113
1,321.0
599.2
COLLECTOR
LDGV
2
19.1
1.298
2,618,198
3,377.6
1,532.1
with VMT
3
24.4
1.187
1,626,393
1,918.6
870.3
mix of
4
24.7
1.182
837,711
984.0
446.3
45.1%
5
28.2
1.134
916,860
1,033.4
468.8
1
18.2
1.582
1,005,113
989.4
448.8
LDGT1
2
19.1
1.549
2,618,198
2,522.5
1,144.2
with VMT
3
24.4
1.413
1,626,393
1,430.0
648.6
mix of
4
24.7
1.407
837,711
733.4
332.7
28.2%
5
28.2
1.352
916,860
771.3
349.9
1
18.2
1.931
1,005,113
477.4
216.6
LDGT2
2
19.1
1.889
2,618,198
1,216.8
552.0
with VMT
3
24.4
1.724
1,626,393
689.6
312.8
mix of
4
24.7
1.717
837,711
353.8
160.5
11.2%
5
28.2
1.650
916,860
372.1
168.8
1
18.2
2.008
1,005,113
158.3
71.8
HDGV
2
19.1
1.931
2,618,198
396.7
179.9
with VMT
3
24.4
1.571
1,626,393
200.5
91.0
mix of
4
24.7
1.556
837,711
102.3
46.4
3.6%
5
28.2
1.396
916,860
100.4
45.5
1
18.2
0.652
1,005,113
3.2
1.4
LDDV
2
19.1
0.637
2,618,198
8.1
3.7
with VMT
3
24.4
0.561
1,626,393
4.4
2.0
mix of
4
24.7
0.557
837,711
2.3
1.0
0.2%
5
28.2
0.519
916,860
2.3
1.0
1
18.2
0.484
1,005,113
23.2
10.5
LDDT
2
19.1
0.472
2,618,198
58.8
26.7
with VMT
3
24.4
0.408
1,626,393
31.6
14.3
mix of
4
24.7
0.405
837,711
16.2
7.3
2.2%
5
28.2
0.372
916,860
16.2
7.4
1
18.2
0.901
1,005,113
181.5
82.3
HDDV
2
19.1
0.872
2,618,198
457.5
207.5
with VMT
3
24.4
0.723
1,626,393
235.6
106.9
mix of
4
24.7
0.716
837,711
120.2
54.5
9.1%
5
28.2
0.641
916,860
117.8
53.4
1
18.2
3.000
1,005,113
33.9
15.4
MC
2
19.1
2.940
2,618,198
86.5
39.3
with VMT
3
24.4
2.660
1,626,393
48.6
22.1
mix of
4
24.7
2.650
837,711
25.0
11.3
0.5%
5
28.2
2.510
916,860
25.9
11.7

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

141

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–1. Daily VOC emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by vehicle class, facility type and area
type (peak ozone season day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
12.9
1.530
187,437
285.1
129.3
LOCAL
LDGV
2
12.9
1.530
1,911,491
2,907.5
1,318.8
with VMT
3
12.9
1.530
2,461,963
3,744.8
1,698.6
mix of
4
12.9
1.530
1,621,930
2,467.0
1,119.0
45.1%
5
12.9
1.530
821,541
1,249.6
566.8
1
12.9
1.869
187,437
218.0
98.9
LDGT1
2
12.9
1.869
1,911,491
2,222.7
1,008.2
with VMT
3
12.9
1.869
2,461,963
2,862.8
1,298.6
mix of
4
12.9
1.869
1,621,930
1,886.0
855.5
28.2%
5
12.9
1.869
821,541
955.3
433.3
1
12.9
2.278
187,437
105.0
47.6
LDGT2
2
12.9
2.278
1,911,491
1,071.0
485.8
with VMT
3
12.9
2.278
2,461,963
1,379.5
625.7
mix of
4
12.9
2.278
1,621,930
908.8
412.2
11.2%
5
12.9
2.278
821,541
460.3
208.8
1
12.9
2.630
187,437
38.7
17.5
HDGV
2
12.9
2.630
1,911,491
394.5
178.9
with VMT
3
12.9
2.630
2,461,963
508.0
230.4
mix of
4
12.9
2.630
1,621,930
334.7
151.8
3.6%
5
12.9
2.630
821,541
169.5
76.9
1
12.9
0.760
187,437
0.7
0.3
LDDV
2
12.9
0.760
1,911,491
7.0
3.2
with VMT
3
12.9
0.760
2,461,963
9.1
4.1
mix of
4
12.9
0.760
1,621,930
6.0
2.7
0.2%
5
12.9
0.760
821,541
3.0
1.4
1
12.9
0.576
187,437
5.1
2.3
LDDT
2
12.9
0.576
1,911,491
52.4
23.8
with VMT
3
12.9
0.576
2,461,963
67.5
30.6
mix of
4
12.9
0.576
1,621,930
44.5
20.2
2.2%
5
12.9
0.576
821,541
22.5
10.2
1
12.9
1.114
187,437
41.8
19.0
HDDV
2
12.9
1.114
1,911,491
426.7
193.5
with VMT
3
12.9
1.114
2,461,963
549.6
249.3
mix of
4
12.9
1.114
1,621,930
362.0
164.2
9.1%
5
12.9
1.114
821,541
183.4
83.2
1
12.9
3.550
187,437
7.5
3.4
MC
2
12.9
3.550
1,911,491
76.3
34.6
with VMT
3
12.9
3.550
2,461,963
98.3
44.6
mix of
4
12.9
3.550
1,621,930
64.7
29.4
0.5%
5
12.9
3.550
821,541
32.8
14.9

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

142

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–2. Daily VOC emissions in Maricopa County by vehicle class, facility type and area type (peak
ozone season day).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
59.7
0.976
1,083,889
1,051.9
477.1
INTERSTATE,
LDGV
2
60.3
0.975
8,684,720
8,418.7
3,818.7
FREEWAY,
with VMT
3
63.2
0.974
5,990,869
5,801.4
2,631.5
and
mix of
4
64.8
0.974
4,344,627
4,207.2
1,908.4
EXPRESSWAY
45.1%
5
64.2
0.974
5,435,735
5,263.9
2,387.7
1
59.7
1.142
1,083,889
770.1
349.3
LDGT1
2
60.3
1.139
8,684,720
6,153.5
2,791.2
with VMT
3
63.2
1.138
5,990,869
4,240.7
1,923.6
mix of
4
64.8
1.138
4,344,627
3,075.4
1,395.0
28.2%
5
64.2
1.138
5,435,735
3,847.8
1,745.4
1
59.7
1.379
1,083,889
367.6
166.7
LDGT2
2
60.3
1.376
8,684,720
2,938.8
1,333.0
with VMT
3
63.2
1.373
5,990,869
2,024.2
918.2
mix of
4
64.8
1.373
4,344,627
1,467.9
665.9
11.2%
5
64.2
1.373
5,435,735
1,836.6
833.1
1
59.7
0.920
1,083,889
78.2
35.5
HDGV
2
60.3
0.919
8,684,720
626.3
284.1
with VMT
3
63.2
0.919
5,990,869
432.0
195.9
mix of
4
64.8
0.919
4,344,627
313.3
142.1
3.6%
5
64.2
0.919
5,435,735
391.9
177.8
1
59.7
0.393
1,083,889
2.1
0.9
LDDV
2
60.3
0.393
8,684,720
16.6
7.5
with VMT
3
63.2
0.393
5,990,869
11.4
5.2
mix of
4
64.8
0.393
4,344,627
8.3
3.8
0.2%
5
64.2
0.393
5,435,735
10.4
4.7
1
59.7
0.267
1,083,889
13.8
6.3
LDDT
2
60.3
0.267
8,684,720
110.4
50.1
with VMT
3
63.2
0.267
5,990,869
76.2
34.5
mix of
4
64.8
0.267
4,344,627
55.2
25.1
2.2%
5
64.2
0.267
5,435,735
69.1
31.3
1
59.7
0.396
1,083,889
86.0
39.0
HDDV
2
60.3
0.396
8,684,720
689.1
312.6
with VMT
3
63.2
0.396
5,990,869
475.4
215.6
mix of
4
64.8
0.396
4,344,627
344.7
156.4
9.1%
5
64.2
0.396
5,435,735
431.3
195.6
1
59.7
2.710
1,083,889
33.0
15.0
MC
2
60.3
2.750
8,684,720
268.5
121.8
with VMT
3
63.2
2.780
5,990,869
187.2
84.9
mix of
4
64.8
2.780
4,344,627
135.8
61.6
0.5%
5
64.2
2.780
5,435,735
169.9
77.1

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

143

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–2. Daily VOC emissions in Maricopa County by vehicle class, facility type and area type (peak
ozone season day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
30.3
1.111
1,043,964
1,152.3
522.7
PRINCIPAL
LDGV
2
34.4
1.071
8,481,150
9,024.2
4,093.4
ARTERIALS
with VMT
3
36.1
1.059
9,404,115
9,901.2
4,491.2
and
mix of
4
39.0
1.045
6,646,476
6,902.5
3,131.0
MINOR
45.1%
5
42.6
1.028
3,589,096
3,668.8
1,664.2
ARTERIALS
1
30.3
1.325
1,043,964
860.4
390.3
LDGT1
2
34.4
1.275
8,481,150
6,724.5
3,050.2
with VMT
3
36.1
1.259
9,404,115
7,366.6
3,341.5
mix of
4
39.0
1.239
6,646,476
5,122.4
2,323.5
28.2%
5
42.6
1.216
3,589,096
2,715.7
1,231.8
1
30.3
1.615
1,043,964
414.8
188.1
LDGT2
2
34.4
1.551
8,481,150
3,235.7
1,467.7
with VMT
3
36.1
1.533
9,404,115
3,545.4
1,608.2
mix of
4
39.0
1.508
6,646,476
2,465.9
1,118.5
11.2%
5
42.6
1.479
3,589,096
1,305.7
592.2
1
30.3
1.318
1,043,964
108.0
49.0
HDGV
2
34.4
1.199
8,481,150
797.8
361.9
with VMT
3
36.1
1.158
9,404,115
854.9
387.8
mix of
4
39.0
1.100
6,646,476
573.7
260.2
3.6%
5
42.6
1.042
3,589,096
293.6
133.2
1
30.3
0.499
1,043,964
2.5
1.1
LDDV
2
34.4
0.468
8,481,150
19.2
8.7
with VMT
3
36.1
0.457
9,404,115
20.8
9.5
mix of
4
39.0
0.440
6,646,476
14.2
6.4
0.2%
5
42.6
0.424
3,589,096
7.4
3.3
1
30.3
0.356
1,043,964
17.7
8.0
LDDT
2
34.4
0.330
8,481,150
133.3
60.4
with VMT
3
36.1
0.320
9,404,115
143.3
65.0
mix of
4
39.0
0.307
6,646,476
97.2
44.1
2.2%
5
42.6
0.293
3,589,096
50.1
22.7
1
30.3
0.603
1,043,964
126.1
57.2
HDDV
2
34.4
0.541
8,481,150
919.4
417.0
with VMT
3
36.1
0.520
9,404,115
979.9
444.5
mix of
4
39.0
0.488
6,646,476
649.9
294.8
9.1%
5
42.6
0.456
3,589,096
327.9
148.8
1
30.3
2.450
1,043,964
28.8
13.0
MC
2
34.4
2.330
8,481,150
222.2
100.8
with VMT
3
36.1
2.290
9,404,115
242.1
109.8
mix of
4
39.0
2.240
6,646,476
167.4
75.9
0.5%
5
42.6
2.190
3,589,096
88.4
40.1

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

144

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–2. Daily VOC emissions in Maricopa County by vehicle class, facility type and area type (peak
ozone season day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
18.2
1.322
1,005,113
1,321.0
599.2
COLLECTOR
LDGV
2
19.1
1.298
2,618,198
3,377.6
1,532.1
with VMT
3
24.4
1.187
1,626,393
1,918.6
870.3
mix of
4
24.7
1.182
837,711
984.0
446.3
45.1%
5
28.2
1.134
2,295,304
2,587.1
1,173.5
1
18.2
1.582
1,005,113
989.4
448.8
LDGT1
2
19.1
1.549
2,618,198
2,522.5
1,144.2
with VMT
3
24.4
1.413
1,626,393
1,430.0
648.6
mix of
4
24.7
1.407
837,711
733.4
332.7
28.2%
5
28.2
1.352
2,295,304
1,930.9
875.9
1
18.2
1.931
1,005,113
477.4
216.6
LDGT2
2
19.1
1.889
2,618,198
1,216.8
552.0
with VMT
3
24.4
1.724
1,626,393
689.6
312.8
mix of
4
24.7
1.717
837,711
353.8
160.5
11.2%
5
28.2
1.650
2,295,304
931.5
422.5
1
18.2
2.008
1,005,113
158.3
71.8
HDGV
2
19.1
1.931
2,618,198
396.7
179.9
with VMT
3
24.4
1.571
1,626,393
200.5
91.0
mix of
4
24.7
1.556
837,711
102.3
46.4
3.6%
5
28.2
1.396
2,295,304
251.4
114.0
1
18.2
0.652
1,005,113
3.2
1.4
LDDV
2
19.1
0.637
2,618,198
8.1
3.7
with VMT
3
24.4
0.561
1,626,393
4.4
2.0
mix of
4
24.7
0.557
837,711
2.3
1.0
0.2%
5
28.2
0.519
2,295,304
5.8
2.6
1
18.2
0.484
1,005,113
23.2
10.5
LDDT
2
19.1
0.472
2,618,198
58.8
26.7
with VMT
3
24.4
0.408
1,626,393
31.6
14.3
mix of
4
24.7
0.405
837,711
16.2
7.3
2.2%
5
28.2
0.372
2,295,304
40.7
18.4
1
18.2
0.901
1,005,113
181.5
82.3
HDDV
2
19.1
0.872
2,618,198
457.5
207.5
with VMT
3
24.4
0.723
1,626,393
235.6
106.9
mix of
4
24.7
0.716
837,711
120.2
54.5
9.1%
5
28.2
0.641
2,295,304
294.8
133.7
1
18.2
3.000
1,005,113
33.9
15.4
MC
2
19.1
2.940
2,618,198
86.5
39.3
with VMT
3
24.4
2.660
1,626,393
48.6
22.1
mix of
4
24.7
2.650
837,711
25.0
11.3
0.5%
5
28.2
2.510
2,295,304
64.8
29.4

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

145

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–2. Daily VOC emissions in Maricopa County by vehicle class, facility type and area type (peak
ozone season day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
12.9
1.530
187,437
285.1
129.3
LOCAL
LDGV
2
12.9
1.530
1,911,491
2,907.5
1,318.8
with VMT
3
12.9
1.530
2,461,963
3,744.8
1,698.6
mix of
4
12.9
1.530
1,621,930
2,467.0
1,119.0
45.1%
5
12.9
1.530
1,365,660
2,077.2
942.2
1
12.9
1.869
187,437
218.0
98.9
LDGT1
2
12.9
1.869
1,911,491
2,222.7
1,008.2
with VMT
3
12.9
1.869
2,461,963
2,862.8
1,298.6
mix of
4
12.9
1.869
1,621,930
1,886.0
855.5
28.2%
5
12.9
1.869
1,365,660
1,588.0
720.3
1
12.9
2.278
187,437
105.0
47.6
LDGT2
2
12.9
2.278
1,911,491
1,071.0
485.8
with VMT
3
12.9
2.278
2,461,963
1,379.5
625.7
mix of
4
12.9
2.278
1,621,930
908.8
412.2
11.2%
5
12.9
2.278
1,365,660
765.2
347.1
1
12.9
2.630
187,437
38.7
17.5
HDGV
2
12.9
2.630
1,911,491
394.5
178.9
with VMT
3
12.9
2.630
2,461,963
508.0
230.4
mix of
4
12.9
2.630
1,621,930
334.7
151.8
3.6%
5
12.9
2.630
1,365,660
281.8
127.8
1
12.9
0.760
187,437
0.7
0.3
LDDV
2
12.9
0.760
1,911,491
7.0
3.2
with VMT
3
12.9
0.760
2,461,963
9.1
4.1
mix of
4
12.9
0.760
1,621,930
6.0
2.7
0.2%
5
12.9
0.760
1,365,660
5.0
2.3
1
12.9
0.576
187,437
5.1
2.3
LDDT
2
12.9
0.576
1,911,491
52.4
23.8
with VMT
3
12.9
0.576
2,461,963
67.5
30.6
mix of
4
12.9
0.576
1,621,930
44.5
20.2
2.2%
5
12.9
0.576
1,365,660
37.5
17.0
1
12.9
1.114
187,437
41.8
19.0
HDDV
2
12.9
1.114
1,911,491
426.7
193.5
with VMT
3
12.9
1.114
2,461,963
549.6
249.3
mix of
4
12.9
1.114
1,621,930
362.0
164.2
9.1%
5
12.9
1.114
1,365,660
304.8
138.3
1
12.9
3.550
187,437
7.5
3.4
MC
2
12.9
3.550
1,911,491
76.3
34.6
with VMT
3
12.9
3.550
2,461,963
98.3
44.6
mix of
4
12.9
3.550
1,621,930
64.7
29.4
0.5%
5
12.9
3.550
1,365,660
54.5
24.7

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

146

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–3. Daily VOC emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by vehicle class, facility type and area
type (annual average day).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
59.7
0.906
1,129,051
1,016.3
461.0
INTERSTATE,
LDGV
2
60.3
0.904
9,046,583
8,129.5
3,687.5
FREEWAY,
with VMT
3
63.2
0.903
6,240,489
5,602.9
2,541.5
and
mix of
4
64.8
0.903
4,525,653
4,063.3
1,843.1
EXPRESSWAY
45.1%
5
64.2
0.903
2,678,544
2,404.9
1,090.9
1
59.7
1.062
1,129,051
745.5
338.2
LDGT1
2
60.3
1.060
9,046,583
5,962.5
2,704.6
with VMT
3
63.2
1.058
6,240,489
4,108.0
1,863.4
mix of
4
64.8
1.058
4,525,653
2,979.1
1,351.3
28.2%
5
64.2
1.058
2,678,544
1,763.2
799.8
1
59.7
1.254
1,129,051
348.4
158.0
LDGT2
2
60.3
1.252
9,046,583
2,785.7
1,263.6
with VMT
3
63.2
1.250
6,240,489
1,918.7
870.3
mix of
4
64.8
1.250
4,525,653
1,391.5
631.2
11.2%
5
64.2
1.250
2,678,544
823.5
373.6
1
59.7
0.802
1,129,051
71.1
32.2
HDGV
2
60.3
0.802
9,046,583
569.3
258.2
with VMT
3
63.2
0.802
6,240,489
392.5
178.0
mix of
4
64.8
0.802
4,525,653
284.7
129.1
3.6%
5
64.2
0.802
2,678,544
168.5
76.4
1
59.7
0.398
1,129,051
2.2
1.0
LDDV
2
60.3
0.398
9,046,583
17.5
7.9
with VMT
3
63.2
0.398
6,240,489
12.0
5.5
mix of
4
64.8
0.398
4,525,653
8.7
4.0
0.2%
5
64.2
0.398
2,678,544
5.2
2.3
1
59.7
0.264
1,129,051
14.2
6.4
LDDT
2
60.3
0.264
9,046,583
113.6
51.5
with VMT
3
63.2
0.264
6,240,489
78.4
35.5
mix of
4
64.8
0.264
4,525,653
56.8
25.8
2.2%
5
64.2
0.264
2,678,544
33.6
15.3
1
59.7
0.390
1,129,051
88.2
40.0
HDDV
2
60.3
0.390
9,046,583
707.0
320.7
with VMT
3
63.2
0.390
6,240,489
487.7
221.2
mix of
4
64.8
0.390
4,525,653
353.7
160.4
9.1%
5
64.2
0.390
2,678,544
209.3
94.9
1
59.7
2.670
1,129,051
33.9
15.4
MC
2
60.3
2.712
9,046,583
275.8
125.1
with VMT
3
63.2
2.741
6,240,489
192.3
87.2
mix of
4
64.8
2.741
4,525,653
139.5
63.3
0.5%
5
64.2
2.741
2,678,544
82.5
37.4

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

147

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–3. Daily VOC emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by vehicle class, facility type and area
type (annual average day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
30.3
1.040
1,087,462
1,124.5
510.1
PRINCIPAL
LDGV
2
34.4
1.003
8,834,531
8,806.5
3,994.6
ARTERIALS
with VMT
3
36.1
0.992
9,795,953
9,656.8
4,380.3
and
mix of
4
39.0
0.974
6,923,412
6,703.3
3,040.6
MINOR
45.1%
5
42.6
0.957
2,670,291
2,540.8
1,152.5
ARTERIALS
1
30.3
1.226
1,087,462
829.3
376.2
LDGT1
2
34.4
1.183
8,834,531
6,499.2
2,948.1
with VMT
3
36.1
1.170
9,795,953
7,128.5
3,233.5
mix of
4
39.0
1.150
6,923,412
4,952.5
2,246.4
28.2%
5
42.6
1.130
2,670,291
1,877.1
851.4
1
30.3
1.469
1,087,462
392.9
178.2
LDGT2
2
34.4
1.412
8,834,531
3,068.8
1,392.0
with VMT
3
36.1
1.396
9,795,953
3,363.9
1,525.9
mix of
4
39.0
1.372
6,923,412
2,336.1
1,059.7
11.2%
5
42.6
1.347
2,670,291
884.9
401.4
1
30.3
1.181
1,087,462
100.8
45.7
HDGV
2
34.4
1.067
8,834,531
740.0
335.6
with VMT
3
36.1
1.029
9,795,953
791.3
359.0
mix of
4
39.0
0.974
6,923,412
529.0
240.0
3.6%
5
42.6
0.919
2,670,291
192.6
87.3
1
30.3
0.505
1,087,462
2.7
1.2
LDDV
2
34.4
0.473
8,834,531
20.3
9.2
with VMT
3
36.1
0.462
9,795,953
21.9
10.0
mix of
4
39.0
0.445
6,923,412
14.9
6.8
0.2%
5
42.6
0.429
2,670,291
5.6
2.5
1
30.3
0.352
1,087,462
18.2
8.3
LDDT
2
34.4
0.326
8,834,531
136.9
62.1
with VMT
3
36.1
0.316
9,795,953
147.5
66.9
mix of
4
39.0
0.303
6,923,412
99.9
45.3
2.2%
5
42.6
0.289
2,670,291
36.8
16.7
1
30.3
0.594
1,087,462
129.4
58.7
HDDV
2
34.4
0.533
8,834,531
943.0
427.7
with VMT
3
36.1
0.512
9,795,953
1,005.0
455.9
mix of
4
39.0
0.481
6,923,412
666.6
302.4
9.1%
5
42.6
0.449
2,670,291
240.2
109.0
1
30.3
2.413
1,087,462
29.5
13.4
MC
2
34.4
2.302
8,834,531
228.6
103.7
with VMT
3
36.1
2.265
9,795,953
249.4
113.1
mix of
4
39.0
2.209
6,923,412
171.9
78.0
0.5%
5
42.6
2.162
2,670,291
64.9
29.4

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

148

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–3. Daily VOC emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by vehicle class, facility type and area
type (annual average day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
18.2
1.249
1,046,993
1,299.6
589.5
COLLECTOR
LDGV
2
19.1
1.222
2,727,290
3,312.0
1,502.3
with VMT
3
24.4
1.112
1,694,159
1,873.2
849.7
mix of
4
24.7
1.108
872,616
960.7
435.8
45.1%
5
28.2
1.062
955,062
1,007.7
457.1
1
18.2
1.461
1,046,993
951.6
431.7
LDGT1
2
19.1
1.427
2,727,290
2,421.0
1,098.2
with VMT
3
24.4
1.302
1,694,159
1,372.2
622.4
mix of
4
24.7
1.297
872,616
703.9
319.3
28.2%
5
28.2
1.248
955,062
741.5
336.4
1
18.2
1.758
1,046,993
452.7
205.3
LDGT2
2
19.1
1.717
2,727,290
1,152.0
522.5
with VMT
3
24.4
1.563
1,694,159
651.5
295.5
mix of
4
24.7
1.557
872,616
334.2
151.6
11.2%
5
28.2
1.496
955,062
351.6
159.5
1
18.2
1.841
1,046,993
151.2
68.6
HDGV
2
19.1
1.764
2,727,290
377.6
171.3
with VMT
3
24.4
1.421
1,694,159
188.9
85.7
mix of
4
24.7
1.406
872,616
96.3
43.7
3.6%
5
28.2
1.255
955,062
94.0
42.7
1
18.2
0.658
1,046,993
3.3
1.5
LDDV
2
19.1
0.644
2,727,290
8.5
3.9
with VMT
3
24.4
0.567
1,694,159
4.7
2.1
mix of
4
24.7
0.563
872,616
2.4
1.1
0.2%
5
28.2
0.524
955,062
2.4
1.1
1
18.2
0.478
1,046,993
23.8
10.8
LDDT
2
19.1
0.466
2,727,290
60.5
27.4
with VMT
3
24.4
0.403
1,694,159
32.5
14.7
mix of
4
24.7
0.400
872,616
16.6
7.5
2.2%
5
28.2
0.367
955,062
16.7
7.6
1
18.2
0.887
1,046,993
186.2
84.4
HDDV
2
19.1
0.859
2,727,290
469.5
213.0
with VMT
3
24.4
0.712
1,694,159
241.8
109.7
mix of
4
24.7
0.705
872,616
123.3
55.9
9.1%
5
28.2
0.631
955,062
120.8
54.8
1
18.2
2.947
1,046,993
34.7
15.7
MC
2
19.1
2.891
2,727,290
88.7
40.2
with VMT
3
24.4
2.626
1,694,159
50.0
22.7
mix of
4
24.7
2.613
872,616
25.6
11.6
0.5%
5
28.2
2.481
955,062
26.6
12.1

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

149

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–3. Daily VOC emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by vehicle class, facility type and area
type (annual average day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
12.9
1.474
195,247
286.1
129.8
LOCAL
LDGV
2
12.9
1.474
1,991,136
2,917.2
1,323.2
with VMT
3
12.9
1.474
2,564,545
3,757.3
1,704.3
mix of
4
12.9
1.474
1,689,510
2,475.3
1,122.8
45.1%
5
12.9
1.474
855,772
1,253.8
568.7
1
12.9
1.743
195,247
211.6
96.0
LDGT1
2
12.9
1.743
1,991,136
2,158.3
979.0
with VMT
3
12.9
1.743
2,564,545
2,779.9
1,260.9
mix of
4
12.9
1.743
1,689,510
1,831.4
830.7
28.2%
5
12.9
1.743
855,772
927.6
420.8
1
12.9
2.096
195,247
100.7
45.7
LDGT2
2
12.9
2.096
1,991,136
1,026.6
465.7
with VMT
3
12.9
2.096
2,564,545
1,322.2
599.8
mix of
4
12.9
2.096
1,689,510
871.1
395.1
11.2%
5
12.9
2.096
855,772
441.2
200.1
1
12.9
2.457
195,247
37.6
17.1
HDGV
2
12.9
2.457
1,991,136
384.0
174.2
with VMT
3
12.9
2.457
2,564,545
494.5
224.3
mix of
4
12.9
2.457
1,689,510
325.8
147.8
3.6%
5
12.9
2.457
855,772
165.0
74.9
1
12.9
0.768
195,247
0.7
0.3
LDDV
2
12.9
0.768
1,991,136
7.4
3.4
with VMT
3
12.9
0.768
2,564,545
9.6
4.3
mix of
4
12.9
0.768
1,689,510
6.3
2.9
0.2%
5
12.9
0.768
855,772
3.2
1.4
1
12.9
0.568
195,247
5.3
2.4
LDDT
2
12.9
0.568
1,991,136
53.8
24.4
with VMT
3
12.9
0.568
2,564,545
69.3
31.5
mix of
4
12.9
0.568
1,689,510
45.7
20.7
2.2%
5
12.9
0.568
855,772
23.1
10.5
1
12.9
1.097
195,247
42.9
19.5
HDDV
2
12.9
1.097
1,991,136
437.8
198.6
with VMT
3
12.9
1.097
2,564,545
563.8
255.8
mix of
4
12.9
1.097
1,689,510
371.4
168.5
9.1%
5
12.9
1.097
855,772
188.1
85.3
1
12.9
3.486
195,247
7.7
3.5
MC
2
12.9
3.486
1,991,136
78.0
35.4
with VMT
3
12.9
3.486
2,564,545
100.5
45.6
mix of
4
12.9
3.486
1,689,510
66.2
30.0
0.5%
5
12.9
3.486
855,772
33.5
15.2

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

150

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–4. Daily VOC emissions in Maricopa County by vehicle class, facility type and area type (annual
average day).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
59.7
0.906
1,129,051
1,016.3
461.0
INTERSTATE,
LDGV
2
60.3
0.904
9,046,583
8,129.5
3,687.5
FREEWAY,
with VMT
3
63.2
0.903
6,240,489
5,602.9
2,541.5
and
mix of
4
64.8
0.903
4,525,653
4,063.3
1,843.1
EXPRESSWAY
45.1%
5
64.2
0.903
5,662,224
5,083.7
2,306.0
1
59.7
1.062
1,129,051
745.5
338.2
LDGT1
2
60.3
1.060
9,046,583
5,962.5
2,704.6
with VMT
3
63.2
1.058
6,240,489
4,108.0
1,863.4
mix of
4
64.8
1.058
4,525,653
2,979.1
1,351.3
28.2%
5
64.2
1.058
5,662,224
3,727.3
1,690.7
1
59.7
1.254
1,129,051
348.4
158.0
LDGT2
2
60.3
1.252
9,046,583
2,785.7
1,263.6
with VMT
3
63.2
1.250
6,240,489
1,918.7
870.3
mix of
4
64.8
1.250
4,525,653
1,391.5
631.2
11.2%
5
64.2
1.250
5,662,224
1,740.9
789.7
1
59.7
0.802
1,129,051
71.1
32.2
HDGV
2
60.3
0.802
9,046,583
569.3
258.2
with VMT
3
63.2
0.802
6,240,489
392.5
178.0
mix of
4
64.8
0.802
4,525,653
284.7
129.1
3.6%
5
64.2
0.802
5,662,224
356.1
161.5
1
59.7
0.398
1,129,051
2.2
1.0
LDDV
2
60.3
0.398
9,046,583
17.5
7.9
with VMT
3
63.2
0.398
6,240,489
12.0
5.5
mix of
4
64.8
0.398
4,525,653
8.7
4.0
0.2%
5
64.2
0.398
5,662,224
10.9
5.0
1
59.7
0.264
1,129,051
14.2
6.4
LDDT
2
60.3
0.264
9,046,583
113.6
51.5
with VMT
3
63.2
0.264
6,240,489
78.4
35.5
mix of
4
64.8
0.264
4,525,653
56.8
25.8
2.2%
5
64.2
0.264
5,662,224
71.1
32.2
1
59.7
0.390
1,129,051
88.2
40.0
HDDV
2
60.3
0.390
9,046,583
707.0
320.7
with VMT
3
63.2
0.390
6,240,489
487.7
221.2
mix of
4
64.8
0.390
4,525,653
353.7
160.4
9.1%
5
64.2
0.390
5,662,224
442.5
200.7
1
59.7
2.670
1,129,051
33.9
15.4
MC
2
60.3
2.712
9,046,583
275.8
125.1
with VMT
3
63.2
2.741
6,240,489
192.3
87.2
mix of
4
64.8
2.741
4,525,653
139.5
63.3
0.5%
5
64.2
2.741
5,662,224
174.5
79.2

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

151

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–4. Daily VOC emissions in Maricopa County by vehicle class, facility type and area type (annual
average day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
30.3
1.040
1,087,462
1,124.5
510.1
PRINCIPAL
LDGV
2
34.4
1.003
8,834,531
8,806.5
3,994.6
ARTERIALS
with VMT
3
36.1
0.992
9,795,953
9,656.8
4,380.3
and
mix of
4
39.0
0.974
6,923,412
6,703.3
3,040.6
MINOR
45.1%
5
42.6
0.957
3,738,642
3,557.3
1,613.6
ARTERIALS
1
30.3
1.226
1,087,462
829.3
376.2
LDGT1
2
34.4
1.183
8,834,531
6,499.2
2,948.1
with VMT
3
36.1
1.170
9,795,953
7,128.5
3,233.5
mix of
4
39.0
1.150
6,923,412
4,952.5
2,246.4
28.2%
5
42.6
1.130
3,738,642
2,628.0
1,192.1
1
30.3
1.469
1,087,462
392.9
178.2
LDGT2
2
34.4
1.412
8,834,531
3,068.8
1,392.0
with VMT
3
36.1
1.396
9,795,953
3,363.9
1,525.9
mix of
4
39.0
1.372
6,923,412
2,336.1
1,059.7
11.2%
5
42.6
1.347
3,738,642
1,238.9
562.0
1
30.3
1.181
1,087,462
100.8
45.7
HDGV
2
34.4
1.067
8,834,531
740.0
335.6
with VMT
3
36.1
1.029
9,795,953
791.3
359.0
mix of
4
39.0
0.974
6,923,412
529.0
240.0
3.6%
5
42.6
0.919
3,738,642
269.6
122.3
1
30.3
0.505
1,087,462
2.7
1.2
LDDV
2
34.4
0.473
8,834,531
20.3
9.2
with VMT
3
36.1
0.462
9,795,953
21.9
10.0
mix of
4
39.0
0.445
6,923,412
14.9
6.8
0.2%
5
42.6
0.429
3,738,642
7.8
3.5
1
30.3
0.352
1,087,462
18.2
8.3
LDDT
2
34.4
0.326
8,834,531
136.9
62.1
with VMT
3
36.1
0.316
9,795,953
147.5
66.9
mix of
4
39.0
0.303
6,923,412
99.9
45.3
2.2%
5
42.6
0.289
3,738,642
51.5
23.4
1
30.3
0.594
1,087,462
129.4
58.7
HDDV
2
34.4
0.533
8,834,531
943.0
427.7
with VMT
3
36.1
0.512
9,795,953
1,005.0
455.9
mix of
4
39.0
0.481
6,923,412
666.6
302.4
9.1%
5
42.6
0.449
3,738,642
336.4
152.6
1
30.3
2.413
1,087,462
29.5
13.4
MC
2
34.4
2.302
8,834,531
228.6
103.7
with VMT
3
36.1
2.265
9,795,953
249.4
113.1
mix of
4
39.0
2.209
6,923,412
171.9
78.0
0.5%
5
42.6
2.162
3,738,642
90.9
41.2

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

152

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–4. Daily VOC emissions in Maricopa County by vehicle class, facility type and area type (annual
average day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
18.2
1.249
1,046,993
1,299.6
589.5
COLLECTOR
LDGV
2
19.1
1.222
2,727,290
3,312.0
1,502.3
with VMT
3
24.4
1.112
1,694,159
1,873.2
849.7
mix of
4
24.7
1.108
872,616
960.7
435.8
45.1%
5
28.2
1.062
2,390,942
2,522.6
1,144.3
1
18.2
1.461
1,046,993
951.6
431.7
LDGT1
2
19.1
1.427
2,727,290
2,421.0
1,098.2
with VMT
3
24.4
1.302
1,694,159
1,372.2
622.4
mix of
4
24.7
1.297
872,616
703.9
319.3
28.2%
5
28.2
1.248
2,390,942
1,856.3
842.0
1
18.2
1.758
1,046,993
452.7
205.3
LDGT2
2
19.1
1.717
2,727,290
1,152.0
522.5
with VMT
3
24.4
1.563
1,694,159
651.5
295.5
mix of
4
24.7
1.557
872,616
334.2
151.6
11.2%
5
28.2
1.496
2,390,942
880.1
399.2
1
18.2
1.841
1,046,993
151.2
68.6
HDGV
2
19.1
1.764
2,727,290
377.6
171.3
with VMT
3
24.4
1.421
1,694,159
188.9
85.7
mix of
4
24.7
1.406
872,616
96.3
43.7
3.6%
5
28.2
1.255
2,390,942
235.4
106.8
1
18.2
0.658
1,046,993
3.3
1.5
LDDV
2
19.1
0.644
2,727,290
8.5
3.9
with VMT
3
24.4
0.567
1,694,159
4.7
2.1
mix of
4
24.7
0.563
872,616
2.4
1.1
0.2%
5
28.2
0.524
2,390,942
6.1
2.8
1
18.2
0.478
1,046,993
23.8
10.8
LDDT
2
19.1
0.466
2,727,290
60.5
27.4
with VMT
3
24.4
0.403
1,694,159
32.5
14.7
mix of
4
24.7
0.400
872,616
16.6
7.5
2.2%
5
28.2
0.367
2,390,942
41.8
19.0
1
18.2
0.887
1,046,993
186.2
84.4
HDDV
2
19.1
0.859
2,727,290
469.5
213.0
with VMT
3
24.4
0.712
1,694,159
241.8
109.7
mix of
4
24.7
0.705
872,616
123.3
55.9
9.1%
5
28.2
0.631
2,390,942
302.4
137.2
1
18.2
2.947
1,046,993
34.7
15.7
MC
2
19.1
2.891
2,727,290
88.7
40.2
with VMT
3
24.4
2.626
1,694,159
50.0
22.7
mix of
4
24.7
2.613
872,616
25.6
11.6
0.5%
5
28.2
2.481
2,390,942
66.7
30.2

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

153

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–4. Daily VOC emissions in Maricopa County by vehicle class, facility type and area type (annual
average day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
12.9
1.474
195,247
286.1
129.8
LOCAL
LDGV
2
12.9
1.474
1,991,136
2,917.2
1,323.2
with VMT
3
12.9
1.474
2,564,545
3,757.3
1,704.3
mix of
4
12.9
1.474
1,689,510
2,475.3
1,122.8
45.1%
5
12.9
1.474
1,422,562
2,084.2
945.4
1
12.9
1.743
195,247
211.6
96.0
LDGT1
2
12.9
1.743
1,991,136
2,158.3
979.0
with VMT
3
12.9
1.743
2,564,545
2,779.9
1,260.9
mix of
4
12.9
1.743
1,689,510
1,831.4
830.7
28.2%
5
12.9
1.743
1,422,562
1,542.0
699.5
1
12.9
2.096
195,247
100.7
45.7
LDGT2
2
12.9
2.096
1,991,136
1,026.6
465.7
with VMT
3
12.9
2.096
2,564,545
1,322.2
599.8
mix of
4
12.9
2.096
1,689,510
871.1
395.1
11.2%
5
12.9
2.096
1,422,562
733.4
332.7
1
12.9
2.457
195,247
37.6
17.1
HDGV
2
12.9
2.457
1,991,136
384.0
174.2
with VMT
3
12.9
2.457
2,564,545
494.5
224.3
mix of
4
12.9
2.457
1,689,510
325.8
147.8
3.6%
5
12.9
2.457
1,422,562
274.3
124.4
1
12.9
0.768
195,247
0.7
0.3
LDDV
2
12.9
0.768
1,991,136
7.4
3.4
with VMT
3
12.9
0.768
2,564,545
9.6
4.3
mix of
4
12.9
0.768
1,689,510
6.3
2.9
0.2%
5
12.9
0.768
1,422,562
5.3
2.4
1
12.9
0.568
195,247
5.3
2.4
LDDT
2
12.9
0.568
1,991,136
53.8
24.4
with VMT
3
12.9
0.568
2,564,545
69.3
31.5
mix of
4
12.9
0.568
1,689,510
45.7
20.7
2.2%
5
12.9
0.568
1,422,562
38.5
17.4
1
12.9
1.097
195,247
42.9
19.5
HDDV
2
12.9
1.097
1,991,136
437.8
198.6
with VMT
3
12.9
1.097
2,564,545
563.8
255.8
mix of
4
12.9
1.097
1,689,510
371.4
168.5
9.1%
5
12.9
1.097
1,422,562
312.8
141.9
1
12.9
3.486
195,247
7.7
3.5
MC
2
12.9
3.486
1,991,136
78.0
35.4
with VMT
3
12.9
3.486
2,564,545
100.5
45.6
mix of
4
12.9
3.486
1,689,510
66.2
30.0
0.5%
5
12.9
3.486
1,422,562
55.8
25.3

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

154

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–5. Daily NOx emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by vehicle class, facility type and area
type (peak ozone season day).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
59.7
1.074
1,083,889
1,157.0
524.8
INTERSTATE,
LDGV
2
60.3
1.076
8,684,720
9,287.9
4,213.0
FREEWAY,
with VMT
3
63.2
1.077
5,990,869
6,412.9
2,908.9
and
mix of
4
64.8
1.077
4,344,627
4,650.7
2,109.5
EXPRESSWAY
45.1%
5
64.2
1.077
2,571,402
2,752.5
1,248.6
1
59.7
1.342
1,083,889
904.5
410.3
LDGT1
2
60.3
1.344
8,684,720
7,259.0
3,292.7
with VMT
3
63.2
1.346
5,990,869
5,014.5
2,274.6
mix of
4
64.8
1.346
4,344,627
3,636.6
1,649.5
28.2%
5
64.2
1.346
2,571,402
2,152.3
976.3
1
59.7
1.637
1,083,889
436.4
198.0
LDGT2
2
60.3
1.640
8,684,720
3,502.9
1,588.9
with VMT
3
63.2
1.642
5,990,869
2,419.3
1,097.4
mix of
4
64.8
1.642
4,344,627
1,754.5
795.8
11.2%
5
64.2
1.642
2,571,402
1,038.4
471.0
1
59.7
5.611
1,083,889
477.3
216.5
HDGV
2
60.3
5.635
8,684,720
3,840.7
1,742.2
with VMT
3
63.2
5.650
5,990,869
2,656.5
1,205.0
mix of
4
64.8
5.650
4,344,627
1,926.5
873.9
3.6%
5
64.2
5.650
2,571,402
1,140.2
517.2
1
59.7
1.789
1,083,889
9.4
4.3
LDDV
2
60.3
1.834
8,684,720
77.2
35.0
with VMT
3
63.2
1.864
5,990,869
54.2
24.6
mix of
4
64.8
1.864
4,344,627
39.3
17.8
0.2%
5
64.2
1.864
2,571,402
23.2
10.5
1
59.7
1.191
1,083,889
61.5
27.9
LDDT
2
60.3
1.221
8,684,720
504.9
229.0
with VMT
3
63.2
1.241
5,990,869
354.0
160.6
mix of
4
64.8
1.241
4,344,627
256.7
116.4
2.2%
5
64.2
1.241
2,571,402
151.9
68.9
1
59.7
23.579
1,083,889
5,121.0
2,322.9
HDDV
2
60.3
24.050
8,684,720
41,852.2
18,984.2
with VMT
3
63.2
24.357
5,990,869
29,238.9
13,262.8
mix of
4
64.8
24.357
4,344,627
21,204.3
9,618.3
9.1%
5
64.2
24.357
2,571,402
12,549.9
5,692.6
1
59.7
1.630
1,083,889
19.9
9.0
MC
2
60.3
1.650
8,684,720
161.1
73.1
with VMT
3
63.2
1.660
5,990,869
111.8
50.7
mix of
4
64.8
1.660
4,344,627
81.1
36.8
0.5%
5
64.2
1.660
2,571,402
48.0
21.8

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

155

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–5. Daily NOx emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by vehicle class, facility type and area
type (peak ozone season day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
30.3
1.038
1,043,964
1,076.7
488.4
PRINCIPAL
LDGV
2
34.4
1.009
8,481,150
8,509.6
3,859.9
ARTERIALS
with VMT
3
36.1
1.007
9,404,115
9,415.4
4,270.8
and
mix of
4
39.0
1.009
6,646,476
6,667.6
3,024.4
MINOR
45.1%
5
42.6
1.015
2,563,479
2,586.7
1,173.3
ARTERIALS
1
30.3
1.246
1,043,964
809.5
367.2
LDGT1
2
34.4
1.227
8,481,150
6,475.5
2,937.3
with VMT
3
36.1
1.227
9,404,115
7,180.2
3,256.9
mix of
4
39.0
1.234
6,646,476
5,103.3
2,314.9
28.2%
5
42.6
1.246
2,563,479
1,987.4
901.5
1
30.3
1.544
1,043,964
396.4
179.8
LDGT2
2
34.4
1.522
8,481,150
3,176.3
1,440.8
with VMT
3
36.1
1.522
9,404,115
3,521.8
1,597.5
mix of
4
39.0
1.527
6,646,476
2,497.4
1,132.8
11.2%
5
42.6
1.538
2,563,479
970.2
440.1
1
30.3
4.485
1,043,964
367.5
166.7
HDGV
2
34.4
4.634
8,481,150
3,084.5
1,399.1
with VMT
3
36.1
4.698
9,404,115
3,466.8
1,572.5
mix of
4
39.0
4.803
6,646,476
2,505.0
1,136.3
3.6%
5
42.6
4.934
2,563,479
992.5
450.2
1
30.3
1.006
1,043,964
5.1
2.3
LDDV
2
34.4
0.998
8,481,150
41.0
18.6
with VMT
3
36.1
1.003
9,404,115
45.7
20.7
mix of
4
39.0
1.018
6,646,476
32.8
14.9
0.2%
5
42.6
1.057
2,563,479
13.1
6.0
1
30.3
0.664
1,043,964
33.0
15.0
LDDT
2
34.4
0.659
8,481,150
266.1
120.7
with VMT
3
36.1
0.663
9,404,115
296.9
134.7
mix of
4
39.0
0.672
6,646,476
212.7
96.5
2.2%
5
42.6
0.698
2,563,479
85.2
38.6
1
30.3
12.407
1,043,964
2,595.4
1,177.3
HDDV
2
34.4
12.331
8,481,150
20,955.6
9,505.5
with VMT
3
36.1
12.386
9,404,115
23,339.8
10,586.9
mix of
4
39.0
12.537
6,646,476
16,696.8
7,573.7
9.1%
5
42.6
12.937
2,563,479
6,645.2
3,014.3
1
30.3
1.140
1,043,964
13.4
6.1
MC
2
34.4
1.170
8,481,150
111.6
50.6
with VMT
3
36.1
1.190
9,404,115
125.8
57.1
mix of
4
39.0
1.200
6,646,476
89.7
40.7
0.5%
5
42.6
1.220
2,563,479
35.2
15.9

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

156

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–5. Daily NOx emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by vehicle class, facility type and area
type (peak ozone season day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
18.2
1.223
1,005,113
1,221.8
554.2
COLLECTOR
LDGV
2
19.1
1.202
2,618,198
3,127.5
1,418.6
with VMT
3
24.4
1.107
1,626,393
1,789.7
811.8
mix of
4
24.7
1.103
837,711
918.4
416.6
45.1%
5
28.2
1.059
916,860
964.9
437.7
1
18.2
1.411
1,005,113
882.0
400.1
LDGT1
2
19.1
1.392
2,618,198
2,266.4
1,028.0
with VMT
3
24.4
1.307
1,626,393
1,322.2
599.8
mix of
4
24.7
1.303
837,711
678.9
308.0
28.2%
5
28.2
1.265
916,860
721.3
327.2
1
18.2
1.744
1,005,113
431.1
195.6
LDGT2
2
19.1
1.720
2,618,198
1,108.1
502.7
with VMT
3
24.4
1.617
1,626,393
647.0
293.5
mix of
4
24.7
1.612
837,711
332.2
150.7
11.2%
5
28.2
1.566
916,860
353.1
160.2
1
18.2
4.058
1,005,113
320.1
145.2
HDGV
2
19.1
4.086
2,618,198
839.5
380.8
with VMT
3
24.4
4.274
1,626,393
545.5
247.4
mix of
4
24.7
4.283
837,711
281.6
127.7
3.6%
5
28.2
4.415
916,860
317.7
144.1
1
18.2
1.173
1,005,113
5.7
2.6
LDDV
2
19.1
1.152
2,618,198
14.6
6.6
with VMT
3
24.4
1.058
1,626,393
8.3
3.8
mix of
4
24.7
1.054
837,711
4.3
1.9
0.2%
5
28.2
1.020
916,860
4.5
2.1
1
18.2
0.777
1,005,113
37.2
16.9
LDDT
2
19.1
0.763
2,618,198
95.1
43.1
with VMT
3
24.4
0.699
1,626,393
54.1
24.6
mix of
4
24.7
0.697
837,711
27.8
12.6
2.2%
5
28.2
0.674
916,860
29.4
13.3
1
18.2
14.146
1,005,113
2,849.0
1,292.3
HDDV
2
19.1
13.932
2,618,198
7,309.1
3,315.4
with VMT
3
24.4
12.953
1,626,393
4,221.3
1,914.8
mix of
4
24.7
12.910
837,711
2,167.0
983.0
9.1%
5
28.2
12.558
916,860
2,307.1
1,046.5
1
18.2
1.000
1,005,113
11.3
5.1
MC
2
19.1
1.010
2,618,198
29.7
13.5
with VMT
3
24.4
1.070
1,626,393
19.6
8.9
mix of
4
24.7
1.080
837,711
10.2
4.6
0.5%
5
28.2
1.120
916,860
11.5
5.2

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

157

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–5. Daily NOx emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by vehicle class, facility type and area
type (peak ozone season day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
12.9
1.402
187,437
261.2
118.5
LOCAL
LDGV
2
12.9
1.402
1,911,491
2,663.9
1,208.3
with VMT
3
12.9
1.402
2,461,963
3,431.1
1,556.3
mix of
4
12.9
1.402
1,621,930
2,260.4
1,025.3
45.1%
5
12.9
1.402
821,541
1,144.9
519.3
1
12.9
1.576
187,437
183.7
83.3
LDGT1
2
12.9
1.576
1,911,491
1,873.8
850.0
with VMT
3
12.9
1.576
2,461,963
2,413.5
1,094.7
mix of
4
12.9
1.576
1,621,930
1,590.0
721.2
28.2%
5
12.9
1.576
821,541
805.4
365.3
1
12.9
1.942
187,437
89.5
40.6
LDGT2
2
12.9
1.942
1,911,491
913.1
414.2
with VMT
3
12.9
1.942
2,461,963
1,176.0
533.4
mix of
4
12.9
1.942
1,621,930
774.8
351.4
11.2%
5
12.9
1.942
821,541
392.4
178.0
1
12.9
3.872
187,437
57.0
25.8
HDGV
2
12.9
3.872
1,911,491
580.8
263.4
with VMT
3
12.9
3.872
2,461,963
748.0
339.3
mix of
4
12.9
3.872
1,621,930
492.8
223.5
3.6%
5
12.9
3.872
821,541
249.6
113.2
1
12.9
1.331
187,437
1.2
0.5
LDDV
2
12.9
1.331
1,911,491
12.3
5.6
with VMT
3
12.9
1.331
2,461,963
15.9
7.2
mix of
4
12.9
1.331
1,621,930
10.5
4.7
0.2%
5
12.9
1.331
821,541
5.3
2.4
1
12.9
0.883
187,437
7.9
3.6
LDDT
2
12.9
0.883
1,911,491
80.4
36.5
with VMT
3
12.9
0.883
2,461,963
103.5
47.0
mix of
4
12.9
0.883
1,621,930
68.2
30.9
2.2%
5
12.9
0.883
821,541
34.5
15.7
1
12.9
15.790
187,437
593.0
269.0
HDDV
2
12.9
15.790
1,911,491
6,047.9
2,743.3
with VMT
3
12.9
15.790
2,461,963
7,789.5
3,533.3
mix of
4
12.9
15.790
1,621,930
5,131.7
2,327.7
9.1%
5
12.9
15.790
821,541
2,599.3
1,179.0
1
12.9
0.960
187,437
2.0
0.9
MC
2
12.9
0.960
1,911,491
20.6
9.4
with VMT
3
12.9
0.960
2,461,963
26.6
12.1
mix of
4
12.9
0.960
1,621,930
17.5
7.9
0.5%
5
12.9
0.960
821,541
8.9
4.0

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

158

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–6. Daily NOx emissions in Maricopa County by vehicle class, facility type and area type (peak
ozone season day).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
59.7
1.074
1,083,889
1,157.0
524.8
INTERSTATE,
LDGV
2
60.3
1.076
8,684,720
9,287.9
4,213.0
FREEWAY,
with VMT
3
63.2
1.077
5,990,869
6,412.9
2,908.9
and
mix of
4
64.8
1.077
4,344,627
4,650.7
2,109.5
EXPRESSWAY
45.1%
5
64.2
1.077
5,435,735
5,818.6
2,639.3
1
59.7
1.342
1,083,889
904.5
410.3
LDGT1
2
60.3
1.344
8,684,720
7,259.0
3,292.7
with VMT
3
63.2
1.346
5,990,869
5,014.5
2,274.6
mix of
4
64.8
1.346
4,344,627
3,636.6
1,649.5
28.2%
5
64.2
1.346
5,435,735
4,549.8
2,063.8
1
59.7
1.637
1,083,889
436.4
198.0
LDGT2
2
60.3
1.640
8,684,720
3,502.9
1,588.9
with VMT
3
63.2
1.642
5,990,869
2,419.3
1,097.4
mix of
4
64.8
1.642
4,344,627
1,754.5
795.8
11.2%
5
64.2
1.642
5,435,735
2,195.1
995.7
1
59.7
5.611
1,083,889
477.3
216.5
HDGV
2
60.3
5.635
8,684,720
3,840.7
1,742.2
with VMT
3
63.2
5.650
5,990,869
2,656.5
1,205.0
mix of
4
64.8
5.650
4,344,627
1,926.5
873.9
3.6%
5
64.2
5.650
5,435,735
2,410.3
1,093.3
1
59.7
1.789
1,083,889
9.4
4.3
LDDV
2
60.3
1.834
8,684,720
77.2
35.0
with VMT
3
63.2
1.864
5,990,869
54.2
24.6
mix of
4
64.8
1.864
4,344,627
39.3
17.8
0.2%
5
64.2
1.864
5,435,735
49.1
22.3
1
59.7
1.191
1,083,889
61.5
27.9
LDDT
2
60.3
1.221
8,684,720
504.9
229.0
with VMT
3
63.2
1.241
5,990,869
354.0
160.6
mix of
4
64.8
1.241
4,344,627
256.7
116.4
2.2%
5
64.2
1.241
5,435,735
321.2
145.7
1
59.7
23.579
1,083,889
5,121.0
2,322.9
HDDV
2
60.3
24.050
8,684,720
41,852.2
18,984.2
with VMT
3
63.2
24.357
5,990,869
29,238.9
13,262.8
mix of
4
64.8
24.357
4,344,627
21,204.3
9,618.3
9.1%
5
64.2
24.357
5,435,735
26,529.5
12,033.8
1
59.7
1.630
1,083,889
19.9
9.0
MC
2
60.3
1.650
8,684,720
161.1
73.1
with VMT
3
63.2
1.660
5,990,869
111.8
50.7
mix of
4
64.8
1.660
4,344,627
81.1
36.8
0.5%
5
64.2
1.660
5,435,735
101.4
46.0

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

159

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–6. Daily NOx emissions in Maricopa County by vehicle class, facility type and area type (peak
ozone season day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
30.3
1.038
1,043,964
1,076.7
488.4
PRINCIPAL
LDGV
2
34.4
1.009
8,481,150
8,509.6
3,859.9
ARTERIALS
with VMT
3
36.1
1.007
9,404,115
9,415.4
4,270.8
and
mix of
4
39.0
1.009
6,646,476
6,667.6
3,024.4
MINOR
45.1%
5
42.6
1.015
3,589,096
3,621.6
1,642.8
ARTERIALS
1
30.3
1.246
1,043,964
809.5
367.2
LDGT1
2
34.4
1.227
8,481,150
6,475.5
2,937.3
with VMT
3
36.1
1.227
9,404,115
7,180.2
3,256.9
mix of
4
39.0
1.234
6,646,476
5,103.3
2,314.9
28.2%
5
42.6
1.246
3,589,096
2,782.6
1,262.2
1
30.3
1.544
1,043,964
396.4
179.8
LDGT2
2
34.4
1.522
8,481,150
3,176.3
1,440.8
with VMT
3
36.1
1.522
9,404,115
3,521.8
1,597.5
mix of
4
39.0
1.527
6,646,476
2,497.4
1,132.8
11.2%
5
42.6
1.538
3,589,096
1,358.3
616.1
1
30.3
4.485
1,043,964
367.5
166.7
HDGV
2
34.4
4.634
8,481,150
3,084.5
1,399.1
with VMT
3
36.1
4.698
9,404,115
3,466.8
1,572.5
mix of
4
39.0
4.803
6,646,476
2,505.0
1,136.3
3.6%
5
42.6
4.934
3,589,096
1,389.6
630.3
1
30.3
1.006
1,043,964
5.1
2.3
LDDV
2
34.4
0.998
8,481,150
41.0
18.6
with VMT
3
36.1
1.003
9,404,115
45.7
20.7
mix of
4
39.0
1.018
6,646,476
32.8
14.9
0.2%
5
42.6
1.057
3,589,096
18.4
8.3
1
30.3
0.664
1,043,964
33.0
15.0
LDDT
2
34.4
0.659
8,481,150
266.1
120.7
with VMT
3
36.1
0.663
9,404,115
296.9
134.7
mix of
4
39.0
0.672
6,646,476
212.7
96.5
2.2%
5
42.6
0.698
3,589,096
119.3
54.1
1
30.3
12.407
1,043,964
2,595.4
1,177.3
HDDV
2
34.4
12.331
8,481,150
20,955.6
9,505.5
with VMT
3
36.1
12.386
9,404,115
23,339.8
10,586.9
mix of
4
39.0
12.537
6,646,476
16,696.8
7,573.7
9.1%
5
42.6
12.937
3,589,096
9,303.9
4,220.3
1
30.3
1.140
1,043,964
13.4
6.1
MC
2
34.4
1.170
8,481,150
111.6
50.6
with VMT
3
36.1
1.190
9,404,115
125.8
57.1
mix of
4
39.0
1.200
6,646,476
89.7
40.7
0.5%
5
42.6
1.220
3,589,096
49.2
22.3

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

160

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–6. Daily NOx emissions in Maricopa County by vehicle class, facility type and area type (peak
ozone season day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
18.2
1.223
1,005,113
1,221.8
554.2
COLLECTOR
LDGV
2
19.1
1.202
2,618,198
3,127.5
1,418.6
with VMT
3
24.4
1.107
1,626,393
1,789.7
811.8
mix of
4
24.7
1.103
837,711
918.4
416.6
45.1%
5
28.2
1.059
2,295,304
2,415.5
1,095.7
1
18.2
1.411
1,005,113
882.0
400.1
LDGT1
2
19.1
1.392
2,618,198
2,266.4
1,028.0
with VMT
3
24.4
1.307
1,626,393
1,322.2
599.8
mix of
4
24.7
1.303
837,711
678.9
308.0
28.2%
5
28.2
1.265
2,295,304
1,805.7
819.1
1
18.2
1.744
1,005,113
431.1
195.6
LDGT2
2
19.1
1.720
2,618,198
1,108.1
502.7
with VMT
3
24.4
1.617
1,626,393
647.0
293.5
mix of
4
24.7
1.612
837,711
332.2
150.7
11.2%
5
28.2
1.566
2,295,304
884.0
401.0
1
18.2
4.058
1,005,113
320.1
145.2
HDGV
2
19.1
4.086
2,618,198
839.5
380.8
with VMT
3
24.4
4.274
1,626,393
545.5
247.4
mix of
4
24.7
4.283
837,711
281.6
127.7
3.6%
5
28.2
4.415
2,295,304
795.3
360.7
1
18.2
1.173
1,005,113
5.7
2.6
LDDV
2
19.1
1.152
2,618,198
14.6
6.6
with VMT
3
24.4
1.058
1,626,393
8.3
3.8
mix of
4
24.7
1.054
837,711
4.3
1.9
0.2%
5
28.2
1.020
2,295,304
11.4
5.2
1
18.2
0.777
1,005,113
37.2
16.9
LDDT
2
19.1
0.763
2,618,198
95.1
43.1
with VMT
3
24.4
0.699
1,626,393
54.1
24.6
mix of
4
24.7
0.697
837,711
27.8
12.6
2.2%
5
28.2
0.674
2,295,304
73.7
33.4
1
18.2
14.146
1,005,113
2,849.0
1,292.3
HDDV
2
19.1
13.932
2,618,198
7,309.1
3,315.4
with VMT
3
24.4
12.953
1,626,393
4,221.3
1,914.8
mix of
4
24.7
12.910
837,711
2,167.0
983.0
9.1%
5
28.2
12.558
2,295,304
5,775.7
2,619.9
1
18.2
1.000
1,005,113
11.3
5.1
MC
2
19.1
1.010
2,618,198
29.7
13.5
with VMT
3
24.4
1.070
1,626,393
19.6
8.9
mix of
4
24.7
1.080
837,711
10.2
4.6
0.5%
5
28.2
1.120
2,295,304
28.9
13.1

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

161

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–6. Daily NOx emissions in Maricopa County by vehicle class, facility type and area type (peak
ozone season day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
12.9
1.402
187,437
261.2
118.5
LOCAL
LDGV
2
12.9
1.402
1,911,491
2,663.9
1,208.3
with VMT
3
12.9
1.402
2,461,963
3,431.1
1,556.3
mix of
4
12.9
1.402
1,621,930
2,260.4
1,025.3
45.1%
5
12.9
1.402
1,365,660
1,903.2
863.3
1
12.9
1.576
187,437
183.7
83.3
LDGT1
2
12.9
1.576
1,911,491
1,873.8
850.0
with VMT
3
12.9
1.576
2,461,963
2,413.5
1,094.7
mix of
4
12.9
1.576
1,621,930
1,590.0
721.2
28.2%
5
12.9
1.576
1,365,660
1,338.8
607.3
1
12.9
1.942
187,437
89.5
40.6
LDGT2
2
12.9
1.942
1,911,491
913.1
414.2
with VMT
3
12.9
1.942
2,461,963
1,176.0
533.4
mix of
4
12.9
1.942
1,621,930
774.8
351.4
11.2%
5
12.9
1.942
1,365,660
652.3
295.9
1
12.9
3.872
187,437
57.0
25.8
HDGV
2
12.9
3.872
1,911,491
580.8
263.4
with VMT
3
12.9
3.872
2,461,963
748.0
339.3
mix of
4
12.9
3.872
1,621,930
492.8
223.5
3.6%
5
12.9
3.872
1,365,660
414.9
188.2
1
12.9
1.331
187,437
1.2
0.5
LDDV
2
12.9
1.331
1,911,491
12.3
5.6
with VMT
3
12.9
1.331
2,461,963
15.9
7.2
mix of
4
12.9
1.331
1,621,930
10.5
4.7
0.2%
5
12.9
1.331
1,365,660
8.8
4.0
1
12.9
0.883
187,437
7.9
3.6
LDDT
2
12.9
0.883
1,911,491
80.4
36.5
with VMT
3
12.9
0.883
2,461,963
103.5
47.0
mix of
4
12.9
0.883
1,621,930
68.2
30.9
2.2%
5
12.9
0.883
1,365,660
57.4
26.0
1
12.9
15.790
187,437
593.0
269.0
HDDV
2
12.9
15.790
1,911,491
6,047.9
2,743.3
with VMT
3
12.9
15.790
2,461,963
7,789.5
3,533.3
mix of
4
12.9
15.790
1,621,930
5,131.7
2,327.7
9.1%
5
12.9
15.790
1,365,660
4,320.9
1,960.0
1
12.9
0.960
187,437
2.0
0.9
MC
2
12.9
0.960
1,911,491
20.6
9.4
with VMT
3
12.9
0.960
2,461,963
26.6
12.1
mix of
4
12.9
0.960
1,621,930
17.5
7.9
0.5%
5
12.9
0.960
1,365,660
14.7
6.7

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

162

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–7. Daily NOx emissions in the ozone nonattainment area by vehicle class, facility type and area
type (annual average day).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
59.7
0.964
1,129,051
1,082.0
490.8
INTERSTATE,
LDGV
2
60.3
0.966
9,046,583
8,686.1
3,940.0
FREEWAY,
with VMT
3
63.2
0.968
6,240,489
6,001.1
2,722.1
and
mix of
4
64.8
0.968
4,525,653
4,352.1
1,974.1
EXPRESSWAY
45.1%
5
64.2
0.968
2,678,544
2,575.8
1,168.4
1
59.7
1.188
1,129,051
834.6
378.6
LDGT1
2
60.3
1.191
9,046,583
6,700.8
3,039.5
with VMT
3
63.2
1.193
6,240,489
4,630.1
2,100.2
mix of
4
64.8
1.193
4,525,653
3,357.8
1,523.1
28.2%
5
64.2
1.193
2,678,544
1,987.3
901.5
1
59.7
1.486
1,129,051
412.6
187.2
LDGT2
2
60.3
1.488
9,046,583
3,312.5
1,502.5
with VMT
3
63.2
1.490
6,240,489
2,287.9
1,037.8
mix of
4
64.8
1.490
4,525,653
1,659.2
752.6
11.2%
5
64.2
1.490
2,678,544
982.0
445.4
1
59.7
5.537
1,129,051
490.6
222.5
HDGV
2
60.3
5.560
9,046,583
3,947.2
1,790.5
with VMT
3
63.2
5.575
6,240,489
2,730.3
1,238.4
mix of
4
64.8
5.575
4,525,653
1,980.0
898.1
3.6%
5
64.2
5.575
2,678,544
1,171.9
531.6
1
59.7
1.787
1,129,051
9.8
4.4
LDDV
2
60.3
1.832
9,046,583
80.4
36.5
with VMT
3
63.2
1.862
6,240,489
56.4
25.6
mix of
4
64.8
1.862
4,525,653
40.9
18.5
0.2%
5
64.2
1.862
2,678,544
24.2
11.0
1
59.7
1.180
1,129,051
63.4
28.8
LDDT
2
60.3
1.210
9,046,583
521.2
236.4
with VMT
3
63.2
1.230
6,240,489
365.5
165.8
mix of
4
64.8
1.230
4,525,653
265.0
120.2
2.2%
5
64.2
1.230
2,678,544
156.9
71.2
1
59.7
23.357
1,129,051
5,284.2
2,396.9
HDDV
2
60.3
23.825
9,046,583
43,187.5
19,589.8
with VMT
3
63.2
24.130
6,240,489
30,173.0
13,686.5
mix of
4
64.8
24.130
4,525,653
21,881.7
9,925.5
9.1%
5
64.2
24.130
2,678,544
12,950.8
5,874.5
1
59.7
1.680
1,129,051
21.3
9.7
MC
2
60.3
1.699
9,046,583
172.8
78.4
with VMT
3
63.2
1.710
6,240,489
120.0
54.4
mix of
4
64.8
1.710
4,525,653
87.0
39.5
0.5%
5
64.2
1.710
2,678,544
51.5
23.4

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

163

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–7. Daily NOx emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by vehicle class, facility type and area
type (annual average day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
30.3
0.900
1,087,462
972.9
441.3
PRINCIPAL
LDGV
2
34.4
0.883
8,834,531
7,755.4
3,517.9
ARTERIALS
with VMT
3
36.1
0.883
9,795,953
8,600.4
3,901.1
and
mix of
4
39.0
0.884
6,923,412
6,080.5
2,758.1
MINOR
45.1%
5
42.6
0.893
2,670,291
2,369.6
1,074.9
ARTERIALS
1
30.3
1.088
1,087,462
736.1
333.9
LDGT1
2
34.4
1.076
8,834,531
5,914.5
2,682.8
with VMT
3
36.1
1.078
9,795,953
6,568.5
2,979.5
mix of
4
39.0
1.080
6,923,412
4,650.5
2,109.5
28.2%
5
42.6
1.092
2,670,291
1,814.6
823.1
1
30.3
1.380
1,087,462
369.2
167.5
LDGT2
2
34.4
1.366
8,834,531
2,969.5
1,346.9
with VMT
3
36.1
1.368
9,795,953
3,296.2
1,495.2
mix of
4
39.0
1.369
6,923,412
2,331.2
1,057.4
11.2%
5
42.6
1.382
2,670,291
907.5
411.7
1
30.3
4.426
1,087,462
377.7
171.3
HDGV
2
34.4
4.573
8,834,531
3,170.5
1,438.1
with VMT
3
36.1
4.635
9,795,953
3,563.3
1,616.3
mix of
4
39.0
4.738
6,923,412
2,574.5
1,167.8
3.6%
5
42.6
4.868
2,670,291
1,020.2
462.7
1
30.3
1.005
1,087,462
5.3
2.4
LDDV
2
34.4
0.997
8,834,531
42.7
19.4
with VMT
3
36.1
1.002
9,795,953
47.6
21.6
mix of
4
39.0
1.017
6,923,412
34.1
15.5
0.2%
5
42.6
1.056
2,670,291
13.7
6.2
1
30.3
0.658
1,087,462
34.1
15.5
LDDT
2
34.4
0.653
8,834,531
274.7
124.6
with VMT
3
36.1
0.657
9,795,953
306.3
138.9
mix of
4
39.0
0.666
6,923,412
219.5
99.6
2.2%
5
42.6
0.692
2,670,291
88.0
39.9
1
30.3
13.045
1,087,462
2,842.5
1,289.4
HDDV
2
34.4
12.970
8,834,531
22,959.1
10,414.2
with VMT
3
36.1
13.024
9,795,953
25,565.2
11,596.4
mix of
4
39.0
12.429
6,923,412
17,242.6
7,821.3
9.1%
5
42.6
12.827
2,670,291
6,863.2
3,113.1
1
30.3
1.172
1,087,462
14.3
6.5
MC
2
34.4
1.209
8,834,531
120.1
54.5
with VMT
3
36.1
1.220
9,795,953
134.3
60.9
mix of
4
39.0
1.238
6,923,412
96.4
43.7
0.5%
5
42.6
1.257
2,670,291
37.7
17.1

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

164

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–7. Daily NOx emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by vehicle class, facility type and area
type (annual average day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
18.2
1.037
1,046,993
1,079.1
489.5
COLLECTOR
LDGV
2
19.1
1.021
2,727,290
2,768.3
1,255.7
with VMT
3
24.4
0.950
1,694,159
1,599.7
725.6
mix of
4
24.7
0.947
872,616
821.3
372.5
45.1%
5
28.2
0.914
955,062
867.9
393.7
1
18.2
1.223
1,046,993
796.8
361.4
LDGT1
2
19.1
1.207
2,727,290
2,047.9
928.9
with VMT
3
24.4
1.136
1,694,159
1,197.1
543.0
mix of
4
24.7
1.133
872,616
614.9
278.9
28.2%
5
28.2
1.101
955,062
653.9
296.6
1
18.2
1.548
1,046,993
398.7
180.9
LDGT2
2
19.1
1.528
2,727,290
1,025.4
465.1
with VMT
3
24.4
1.440
1,694,159
600.0
272.2
mix of
4
24.7
1.436
872,616
308.2
139.8
11.2%
5
28.2
1.396
955,062
328.0
148.8
1
18.2
4.004
1,046,993
328.9
149.2
HDGV
2
19.1
4.031
2,727,290
862.8
391.3
with VMT
3
24.4
4.217
1,694,159
560.7
254.3
mix of
4
24.7
4.226
872,616
289.4
131.3
3.6%
5
28.2
4.356
955,062
326.5
148.1
1
18.2
1.172
1,046,993
6.0
2.7
LDDV
2
19.1
1.151
2,727,290
15.2
6.9
with VMT
3
24.4
1.057
1,694,159
8.7
3.9
mix of
4
24.7
1.053
872,616
4.5
2.0
0.2%
5
28.2
1.019
955,062
4.7
2.1
1
18.2
0.770
1,046,993
38.4
17.4
LDDT
2
19.1
0.756
2,727,290
98.2
44.5
with VMT
3
24.4
0.693
1,694,159
55.9
25.4
mix of
4
24.7
0.691
872,616
28.7
13.0
2.2%
5
28.2
0.668
955,062
30.4
13.8
1
18.2
14.028
1,046,993
2,942.9
1,334.9
HDDV
2
19.1
13.815
2,727,290
7,549.4
3,424.4
with VMT
3
24.4
12.843
1,694,159
4,359.7
1,977.6
mix of
4
24.7
12.800
872,616
2,238.1
1,015.2
9.1%
5
28.2
12.450
955,062
2,382.6
1,080.8
1
18.2
1.030
1,046,993
12.1
5.5
MC
2
19.1
1.039
2,727,290
31.9
14.5
with VMT
3
24.4
1.101
1,694,159
21.0
9.5
mix of
4
24.7
1.107
872,616
10.9
4.9
0.5%
5
28.2
1.148
955,062
12.3
5.6

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

165

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–7. Daily NOx emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by vehicle class, facility type and area
type (annual average day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
12.9
1.173
195,247
227.7
103.3
LOCAL
LDGV
2
12.9
1.173
1,991,136
2,321.7
1,053.1
with VMT
3
12.9
1.173
2,564,545
2,990.3
1,356.4
mix of
4
12.9
1.173
1,689,510
1,970.0
893.6
45.1%
5
12.9
1.173
855,772
997.8
452.6
1
12.9
1.362
195,247
165.5
75.1
LDGT1
2
12.9
1.362
1,991,136
1,687.4
765.4
with VMT
3
12.9
1.362
2,564,545
2,173.3
985.8
mix of
4
12.9
1.362
1,689,510
1,431.8
649.5
28.2%
5
12.9
1.362
855,772
725.2
329.0
1
12.9
1.721
195,247
82.6
37.5
LDGT2
2
12.9
1.721
1,991,136
842.8
382.3
with VMT
3
12.9
1.721
2,564,545
1,085.5
492.4
mix of
4
12.9
1.721
1,689,510
715.1
324.4
11.2%
5
12.9
1.721
855,772
362.2
164.3
1
12.9
3.820
195,247
58.5
26.5
HDGV
2
12.9
3.820
1,991,136
596.8
270.7
with VMT
3
12.9
3.820
2,564,545
768.7
348.7
mix of
4
12.9
3.820
1,689,510
506.4
229.7
3.6%
5
12.9
3.820
855,772
256.5
116.4
1
12.9
1.330
195,247
1.3
0.6
LDDV
2
12.9
1.330
1,991,136
12.8
5.8
with VMT
3
12.9
1.330
2,564,545
16.5
7.5
mix of
4
12.9
1.330
1,689,510
10.9
4.9
0.2%
5
12.9
1.330
855,772
5.5
2.5
1
12.9
0.875
195,247
8.1
3.7
LDDT
2
12.9
0.875
1,991,136
83.0
37.6
with VMT
3
12.9
0.875
2,564,545
106.8
48.5
mix of
4
12.9
0.875
1,689,510
70.4
31.9
2.2%
5
12.9
0.875
855,772
35.7
16.2
1
12.9
15.660
195,247
612.7
277.9
HDDV
2
12.9
15.660
1,991,136
6,248.1
2,834.1
with VMT
3
12.9
15.660
2,564,545
8,047.4
3,650.3
mix of
4
12.9
15.660
1,689,510
5,301.6
2,404.8
9.1%
5
12.9
15.660
855,772
2,685.4
1,218.1
1
12.9
0.990
195,247
2.2
1.0
MC
2
12.9
0.990
1,991,136
22.2
10.1
with VMT
3
12.9
0.990
2,564,545
28.5
12.9
mix of
4
12.9
0.990
1,689,510
18.8
8.5
0.5%
5
12.9
0.990
855,772
9.5
4.3

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

166

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–8. Daily NOx emissions in Maricopa County by vehicle class, facility type and area type (annual
average day).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
59.7
0.906
1,129,051
1,016.3
461.0
INTERSTATE,
LDGV
2
60.3
0.904
9,046,583
8,129.5
3,687.5
FREEWAY,
with VMT
3
63.2
0.903
6,240,489
5,602.9
2,541.5
and
mix of
4
64.8
0.903
4,525,653
4,063.3
1,843.1
EXPRESSWAY
45.1%
5
64.2
0.903
5,662,224
5,083.7
2,306.0
1
59.7
1.062
1,129,051
745.5
338.2
LDGT1
2
60.3
1.060
9,046,583
5,962.5
2,704.6
with VMT
3
63.2
1.058
6,240,489
4,108.0
1,863.4
mix of
4
64.8
1.058
4,525,653
2,979.1
1,351.3
28.2%
5
64.2
1.058
5,662,224
3,727.3
1,690.7
1
59.7
1.254
1,129,051
348.4
158.0
LDGT2
2
60.3
1.252
9,046,583
2,785.7
1,263.6
with VMT
3
63.2
1.250
6,240,489
1,918.7
870.3
mix of
4
64.8
1.250
4,525,653
1,391.5
631.2
11.2%
5
64.2
1.250
5,662,224
1,740.9
789.7
1
59.7
0.802
1,129,051
71.1
32.2
HDGV
2
60.3
0.802
9,046,583
569.3
258.2
with VMT
3
63.2
0.802
6,240,489
392.5
178.0
mix of
4
64.8
0.802
4,525,653
284.7
129.1
3.6%
5
64.2
0.802
5,662,224
356.1
161.5
1
59.7
0.398
1,129,051
2.2
1.0
LDDV
2
60.3
0.398
9,046,583
17.5
7.9
with VMT
3
63.2
0.398
6,240,489
12.0
5.5
mix of
4
64.8
0.398
4,525,653
8.7
4.0
0.2%
5
64.2
0.398
5,662,224
10.9
5.0
1
59.7
0.264
1,129,051
14.2
6.4
LDDT
2
60.3
0.264
9,046,583
113.6
51.5
with VMT
3
63.2
0.264
6,240,489
78.4
35.5
mix of
4
64.8
0.264
4,525,653
56.8
25.8
2.2%
5
64.2
0.264
5,662,224
71.1
32.2
1
59.7
0.390
1,129,051
88.2
40.0
HDDV
2
60.3
0.390
9,046,583
707.0
320.7
with VMT
3
63.2
0.390
6,240,489
487.7
221.2
mix of
4
64.8
0.390
4,525,653
353.7
160.4
9.1%
5
64.2
0.390
5,662,224
442.5
200.7
1
59.7
2.670
1,129,051
33.9
15.4
MC
2
60.3
2.712
9,046,583
275.8
125.1
with VMT
3
63.2
2.741
6,240,489
192.3
87.2
mix of
4
64.8
2.741
4,525,653
139.5
63.3
0.5%
5
64.2
2.741
5,662,224
174.5
79.2

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

167

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–8. Daily NOx emissions in Maricopa County by vehicle class, facility type and area type (annual
average day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
30.3
1.040
1,087,462
1,124.5
510.1
PRINCIPAL
LDGV
2
34.4
1.003
8,834,531
8,806.5
3,994.6
ARTERIALS
with VMT
3
36.1
0.992
9,795,953
9,656.8
4,380.3
and
mix of
4
39.0
0.974
6,923,412
6,703.3
3,040.6
MINOR
45.1%
5
42.6
0.957
3,738,642
3,557.3
1,613.6
ARTERIALS
1
30.3
1.226
1,087,462
829.3
376.2
LDGT1
2
34.4
1.183
8,834,531
6,499.2
2,948.1
with VMT
3
36.1
1.170
9,795,953
7,128.5
3,233.5
mix of
4
39.0
1.150
6,923,412
4,952.5
2,246.4
28.2%
5
42.6
1.130
3,738,642
2,628.0
1,192.1
1
30.3
1.469
1,087,462
392.9
178.2
LDGT2
2
34.4
1.412
8,834,531
3,068.8
1,392.0
with VMT
3
36.1
1.396
9,795,953
3,363.9
1,525.9
mix of
4
39.0
1.372
6,923,412
2,336.1
1,059.7
11.2%
5
42.6
1.347
3,738,642
1,238.9
562.0
1
30.3
1.181
1,087,462
100.8
45.7
HDGV
2
34.4
1.067
8,834,531
740.0
335.6
with VMT
3
36.1
1.029
9,795,953
791.3
359.0
mix of
4
39.0
0.974
6,923,412
529.0
240.0
3.6%
5
42.6
0.919
3,738,642
269.6
122.3
1
30.3
0.505
1,087,462
2.7
1.2
LDDV
2
34.4
0.473
8,834,531
20.3
9.2
with VMT
3
36.1
0.462
9,795,953
21.9
10.0
mix of
4
39.0
0.445
6,923,412
14.9
6.8
0.2%
5
42.6
0.429
3,738,642
7.8
3.5
1
30.3
0.352
1,087,462
18.2
8.3
LDDT
2
34.4
0.326
8,834,531
136.9
62.1
with VMT
3
36.1
0.316
9,795,953
147.5
66.9
mix of
4
39.0
0.303
6,923,412
99.9
45.3
2.2%
5
42.6
0.289
3,738,642
51.5
23.4
1
30.3
0.594
1,087,462
129.4
58.7
HDDV
2
34.4
0.533
8,834,531
943.0
427.7
with VMT
3
36.1
0.512
9,795,953
1,005.0
455.9
mix of
4
39.0
0.481
6,923,412
666.6
302.4
9.1%
5
42.6
0.449
3,738,642
336.4
152.6
1
30.3
2.413
1,087,462
29.5
13.4
MC
2
34.4
2.302
8,834,531
228.6
103.7
with VMT
3
36.1
2.265
9,795,953
249.4
113.1
mix of
4
39.0
2.209
6,923,412
171.9
78.0
0.5%
5
42.6
2.162
3,738,642
90.9
41.2

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

168

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–8. Daily NOx emissions in Maricopa County by vehicle class, facility type and area type (annual
average day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
18.2
1.249
1,046,993
1,299.6
589.5
COLLECTOR
LDGV
2
19.1
1.222
2,727,290
3,312.0
1,502.3
with VMT
3
24.4
1.112
1,694,159
1,873.2
849.7
mix of
4
24.7
1.108
872,616
960.7
435.8
45.1%
5
28.2
1.062
2,390,942
2,522.6
1,144.3
1
18.2
1.461
1,046,993
951.6
431.7
LDGT1
2
19.1
1.427
2,727,290
2,421.0
1,098.2
with VMT
3
24.4
1.302
1,694,159
1,372.2
622.4
mix of
4
24.7
1.297
872,616
703.9
319.3
28.2%
5
28.2
1.248
2,390,942
1,856.3
842.0
1
18.2
1.758
1,046,993
452.7
205.3
LDGT2
2
19.1
1.717
2,727,290
1,152.0
522.5
with VMT
3
24.4
1.563
1,694,159
651.5
295.5
mix of
4
24.7
1.557
872,616
334.2
151.6
11.2%
5
28.2
1.496
2,390,942
880.1
399.2
1
18.2
1.841
1,046,993
151.2
68.6
HDGV
2
19.1
1.764
2,727,290
377.6
171.3
with VMT
3
24.4
1.421
1,694,159
188.9
85.7
mix of
4
24.7
1.406
872,616
96.3
43.7
3.6%
5
28.2
1.255
2,390,942
235.4
106.8
1
18.2
0.658
1,046,993
3.3
1.5
LDDV
2
19.1
0.644
2,727,290
8.5
3.9
with VMT
3
24.4
0.567
1,694,159
4.7
2.1
mix of
4
24.7
0.563
872,616
2.4
1.1
0.2%
5
28.2
0.524
2,390,942
6.1
2.8
1
18.2
0.478
1,046,993
23.8
10.8
LDDT
2
19.1
0.466
2,727,290
60.5
27.4
with VMT
3
24.4
0.403
1,694,159
32.5
14.7
mix of
4
24.7
0.400
872,616
16.6
7.5
2.2%
5
28.2
0.367
2,390,942
41.8
19.0
1
18.2
0.887
1,046,993
186.2
84.4
HDDV
2
19.1
0.859
2,727,290
469.5
213.0
with VMT
3
24.4
0.712
1,694,159
241.8
109.7
mix of
4
24.7
0.705
872,616
123.3
55.9
9.1%
5
28.2
0.631
2,390,942
302.4
137.2
1
18.2
2.947
1,046,993
34.7
15.7
MC
2
19.1
2.891
2,727,290
88.7
40.2
with VMT
3
24.4
2.626
1,694,159
50.0
22.7
mix of
4
24.7
2.613
872,616
25.6
11.6
0.5%
5
28.2
2.481
2,390,942
66.7
30.2

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

169

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–8. Daily NOx emissions in Maricopa County by vehicle class, facility type and area type (annual
average day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
12.9
1.474
195,247
286.1
129.8
LOCAL
LDGV
2
12.9
1.474
1,991,136
2,917.2
1,323.2
with VMT
3
12.9
1.474
2,564,545
3,757.3
1,704.3
mix of
4
12.9
1.474
1,689,510
2,475.3
1,122.8
45.1%
5
12.9
1.474
1,422,562
2,084.2
945.4
1
12.9
1.743
195,247
211.6
96.0
LDGT1
2
12.9
1.743
1,991,136
2,158.3
979.0
with VMT
3
12.9
1.743
2,564,545
2,779.9
1,260.9
mix of
4
12.9
1.743
1,689,510
1,831.4
830.7
28.2%
5
12.9
1.743
1,422,562
1,542.0
699.5
1
12.9
2.096
195,247
100.7
45.7
LDGT2
2
12.9
2.096
1,991,136
1,026.6
465.7
with VMT
3
12.9
2.096
2,564,545
1,322.2
599.8
mix of
4
12.9
2.096
1,689,510
871.1
395.1
11.2%
5
12.9
2.096
1,422,562
733.4
332.7
1
12.9
2.457
195,247
37.6
17.1
HDGV
2
12.9
2.457
1,991,136
384.0
174.2
with VMT
3
12.9
2.457
2,564,545
494.5
224.3
mix of
4
12.9
2.457
1,689,510
325.8
147.8
3.6%
5
12.9
2.457
1,422,562
274.3
124.4
1
12.9
0.768
195,247
0.7
0.3
LDDV
2
12.9
0.768
1,991,136
7.4
3.4
with VMT
3
12.9
0.768
2,564,545
9.6
4.3
mix of
4
12.9
0.768
1,689,510
6.3
2.9
0.2%
5
12.9
0.768
1,422,562
5.3
2.4
1
12.9
0.568
195,247
5.3
2.4
LDDT
2
12.9
0.568
1,991,136
53.8
24.4
with VMT
3
12.9
0.568
2,564,545
69.3
31.5
mix of
4
12.9
0.568
1,689,510
45.7
20.7
2.2%
5
12.9
0.568
1,422,562
38.5
17.4
1
12.9
1.097
195,247
42.9
19.5
HDDV
2
12.9
1.097
1,991,136
437.8
198.6
with VMT
3
12.9
1.097
2,564,545
563.8
255.8
mix of
4
12.9
1.097
1,689,510
371.4
168.5
9.1%
5
12.9
1.097
1,422,562
312.8
141.9
1
12.9
3.486
195,247
7.7
3.5
MC
2
12.9
3.486
1,991,136
78.0
35.4
with VMT
3
12.9
3.486
2,564,545
100.5
45.6
mix of
4
12.9
3.486
1,689,510
66.2
30.0
0.5%
5
12.9
3.486
1,422,562
55.8
25.3

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

170

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–9. Daily CO emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by vehicle class, facility type and area
type (peak ozone season day).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
59.7
14.817
1,083,889
15,962.9
7,240.8
INTERSTATE,
LDGV
2
60.3
14.907
8,684,720
128,680.5
58,369.5
FREEWAY,
with VMT
3
63.2
14.968
5,990,869
89,128.2
40,428.6
and
mix of
4
64.8
14.968
4,344,627
64,636.5
29,319.1
EXPRESSWAY
45.1%
5
64.2
14.968
2,571,402
38,255.6
17,352.8
1
59.7
18.240
1,083,889
12,298.5
5,578.6
LDGT1
2
60.3
18.331
8,684,720
99,033.4
44,921.6
with VMT
3
63.2
18.392
5,990,869
68,541.7
31,090.5
mix of
4
64.8
18.392
4,344,627
49,707.0
22,547.1
28.2%
5
64.2
18.392
2,571,402
29,419.5
13,344.7
1
59.7
20.799
1,083,889
5,545.8
2,515.6
LDGT2
2
60.3
20.899
8,684,720
44,650.1
20,253.3
with VMT
3
63.2
20.960
5,990,869
30,890.0
14,011.7
mix of
4
64.8
20.960
4,344,627
22,401.7
10,161.4
11.2%
5
64.2
20.960
2,571,402
13,258.6
6,014.1
1
59.7
15.429
1,083,889
1,312.4
595.3
HDGV
2
60.3
15.804
8,684,720
10,771.2
4,885.8
with VMT
3
63.2
16.058
5,990,869
7,549.2
3,424.3
mix of
4
64.8
16.058
4,344,627
5,474.8
2,483.4
3.6%
5
64.2
16.058
2,571,402
3,240.3
1,469.8
1
59.7
1.236
1,083,889
6.5
2.9
LDDV
2
60.3
1.247
8,684,720
52.5
23.8
with VMT
3
63.2
1.254
5,990,869
36.4
16.5
mix of
4
64.8
1.254
4,344,627
26.4
12.0
0.2%
5
64.2
1.254
2,571,402
15.6
7.1
1
59.7
0.667
1,083,889
34.4
15.6
LDDT
2
60.3
0.674
8,684,720
278.7
126.4
with VMT
3
63.2
0.678
5,990,869
193.4
87.7
mix of
4
64.8
0.678
4,344,627
140.3
63.6
2.2%
5
64.2
0.678
2,571,402
83.0
37.7
1
59.7
2.493
1,083,889
541.4
245.6
HDDV
2
60.3
2.533
8,684,720
4,408.0
1,999.5
with VMT
3
63.2
2.559
5,990,869
3,071.9
1,393.4
mix of
4
64.8
2.559
4,344,627
2,227.8
1,010.5
9.1%
5
64.2
2.559
2,571,402
1,318.5
598.1
1
59.7
27.060
1,083,889
329.7
149.6
MC
2
60.3
28.260
8,684,720
2,759.2
1,251.6
with VMT
3
63.2
29.050
5,990,869
1,956.5
887.5
mix of
4
64.8
29.050
4,344,627
1,418.9
643.6
0.5%
5
64.2
29.050
2,571,402
839.8
380.9

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

171

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–9. Daily CO emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by vehicle class, facility type and area type
(peak ozone season day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
30.3
10.275
1,043,964
10,661.5
4,836.1
PRINCIPAL
LDGV
2
34.4
10.492
8,481,150
88,447.7
40,119.9
ARTERIALS
with VMT
3
36.1
10.683
9,404,115
99,856.8
45,295.1
and
mix of
4
39.0
11.067
6,646,476
73,112.9
33,164.0
MINOR
45.1%
5
42.6
11.561
2,563,479
29,458.0
13,362.1
ARTERIALS
1
30.3
13.509
1,043,964
8,772.7
3,979.3
LDGT1
2
34.4
13.805
8,481,150
72,834.8
33,037.9
with VMT
3
36.1
14.025
9,404,115
82,048.1
37,217.0
mix of
4
39.0
14.448
6,646,476
59,735.4
27,096.0
28.2%
5
42.6
14.981
2,563,479
23,889.8
10,836.4
1
30.3
15.985
1,043,964
4,105.2
1,862.1
LDGT2
2
34.4
16.258
8,481,150
33,920.9
15,386.5
with VMT
3
36.1
16.478
9,404,115
38,121.3
17,291.8
mix of
4
39.0
16.919
6,646,476
27,663.5
12,548.2
11.2%
5
42.6
17.462
2,563,479
11,012.2
4,995.1
1
30.3
12.989
1,043,964
1,064.2
482.7
HDGV
2
34.4
11.653
8,481,150
7,755.6
3,518.0
with VMT
3
36.1
11.269
9,404,115
8,316.1
3,772.2
mix of
4
39.0
10.773
6,646,476
5,618.9
2,548.7
3.6%
5
42.6
10.489
2,563,479
2,110.2
957.2
1
30.3
1.289
1,043,964
6.5
3.0
LDDV
2
34.4
1.210
8,481,150
49.8
22.6
with VMT
3
36.1
1.186
9,404,115
54.1
24.5
mix of
4
39.0
1.153
6,646,476
37.2
16.9
0.2%
5
42.6
1.126
2,563,479
14.0
6.3
1
30.3
0.701
1,043,964
34.8
15.8
LDDT
2
34.4
0.650
8,481,150
262.5
119.1
with VMT
3
36.1
0.634
9,404,115
283.9
128.8
mix of
4
39.0
0.612
6,646,476
193.7
87.9
2.2%
5
42.6
0.595
2,563,479
72.6
32.9
1
30.3
2.694
1,043,964
563.5
255.6
HDDV
2
34.4
2.392
8,481,150
4,065.0
1,843.9
with VMT
3
36.1
2.300
9,404,115
4,334.0
1,965.9
mix of
4
39.0
2.172
6,646,476
2,892.7
1,312.1
9.1%
5
42.6
2.072
2,563,479
1,064.3
482.8
1
30.3
16.530
1,043,964
194.0
88.0
MC
2
34.4
14.800
8,481,150
1,411.1
640.1
with VMT
3
36.1
14.230
9,404,115
1,504.4
682.4
mix of
4
39.0
13.400
6,646,476
1,001.3
454.2
0.5%
5
42.6
12.640
2,563,479
364.3
165.2

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

172

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–9. Daily CO emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by vehicle class, facility type and area type
(peak ozone season day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
18.2
10.767
1,005,113
10,756.6
4,879.2
COLLECTOR
LDGV
2
19.1
10.640
2,618,198
27,690.1
12,560.2
with VMT
3
24.4
10.278
1,626,393
16,614.9
7,536.5
mix of
4
24.7
10.266
837,711
8,548.2
3,877.5
45.1%
5
28.2
10.249
916,860
9,339.9
4,236.6
1
18.2
13.723
1,005,113
8,580.1
3,891.9
LDGT1
2
19.1
13.616
2,618,198
22,176.3
10,059.2
with VMT
3
24.4
13.392
1,626,393
13,549.0
6,145.8
mix of
4
24.7
13.382
837,711
6,973.5
3,163.2
28.2%
5
28.2
13.443
916,860
7,667.1
3,477.8
1
18.2
16.474
1,005,113
4,073.5
1,847.8
LDGT2
2
19.1
16.326
2,618,198
10,515.5
4,769.8
with VMT
3
24.4
15.964
1,626,393
6,387.5
2,897.3
mix of
4
24.7
15.944
837,711
3,285.7
1,490.4
11.2%
5
28.2
15.950
916,860
3,597.7
1,631.9
1
18.2
22.213
1,005,113
1,752.1
794.7
HDGV
2
19.1
21.130
2,618,198
4,341.4
1,969.3
with VMT
3
24.4
16.229
1,626,393
2,071.4
939.6
mix of
4
24.7
16.017
837,711
1,052.9
477.6
3.6%
5
28.2
13.971
916,860
1,005.2
456.0
1
18.2
1.776
1,005,113
8.7
3.9
LDDV
2
19.1
1.722
2,618,198
21.9
9.9
with VMT
3
24.4
1.466
1,626,393
11.6
5.2
mix of
4
24.7
1.455
837,711
5.9
2.7
0.2%
5
28.2
1.343
916,860
6.0
2.7
1
18.2
1.020
1,005,113
48.8
22.1
LDDT
2
19.1
0.984
2,618,198
122.7
55.6
with VMT
3
24.4
0.817
1,626,393
63.3
28.7
mix of
4
24.7
0.810
837,711
32.3
14.7
2.2%
5
28.2
0.737
916,860
32.2
14.6
1
18.2
4.559
1,005,113
918.2
416.5
HDDV
2
19.1
4.350
2,618,198
2,282.1
1,035.2
with VMT
3
24.4
3.373
1,626,393
1,099.2
498.6
mix of
4
24.7
3.330
837,711
559.0
253.5
9.1%
5
28.2
2.900
916,860
532.8
241.7
1
18.2
25.250
1,005,113
285.3
129.4
MC
2
19.1
24.270
2,618,198
714.4
324.0
with VMT
3
24.4
19.860
1,626,393
363.1
164.7
mix of
4
24.7
19.670
837,711
185.2
84.0
0.5%
5
28.2
17.570
916,860
181.1
82.1

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

173

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–9. Daily CO emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by vehicle class, facility type and area type
(peak ozone season day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
12.9
11.810
187,437
2,200.3
998.0
LOCAL
LDGV
2
12.9
11.810
1,911,491
22,438.4
10,178.1
with VMT
3
12.9
11.810
2,461,963
28,900.3
13,109.2
mix of
4
12.9
11.810
1,621,930
19,039.4
8,636.3
45.1%
5
12.9
11.810
821,541
9,643.8
4,374.4
1
12.9
14.665
187,437
1,709.9
775.6
LDGT1
2
12.9
14.665
1,911,491
17,437.7
7,909.8
with VMT
3
12.9
14.665
2,461,963
22,459.5
10,187.6
mix of
4
12.9
14.665
1,621,930
14,796.2
6,711.6
28.2%
5
12.9
14.665
821,541
7,494.6
3,399.5
1
12.9
17.705
187,437
816.4
370.3
LDGT2
2
12.9
17.705
1,911,491
8,325.5
3,776.5
with VMT
3
12.9
17.705
2,461,963
10,723.1
4,864.0
mix of
4
12.9
17.705
1,621,930
7,064.4
3,204.4
11.2%
5
12.9
17.705
821,541
3,578.2
1,623.1
1
12.9
30.858
187,437
453.9
205.9
HDGV
2
12.9
30.858
1,911,491
4,628.9
2,099.7
with VMT
3
12.9
30.858
2,461,963
5,962.0
2,704.3
mix of
4
12.9
30.858
1,621,930
3,927.7
1,781.6
3.6%
5
12.9
30.858
821,541
1,989.5
902.4
1
12.9
2.205
187,437
2.0
0.9
LDDV
2
12.9
2.205
1,911,491
20.4
9.3
with VMT
3
12.9
2.205
2,461,963
26.3
11.9
mix of
4
12.9
2.205
1,621,930
17.3
7.9
0.2%
5
12.9
2.205
821,541
8.8
4.0
1
12.9
1.300
187,437
11.6
5.3
LDDT
2
12.9
1.300
1,911,491
118.3
53.7
with VMT
3
12.9
1.300
2,461,963
152.4
69.1
mix of
4
12.9
1.300
1,621,930
100.4
45.5
2.2%
5
12.9
1.300
821,541
50.9
23.1
1
12.9
6.199
187,437
232.8
105.6
HDDV
2
12.9
6.199
1,911,491
2,374.3
1,077.0
with VMT
3
12.9
6.199
2,461,963
3,058.1
1,387.2
mix of
4
12.9
6.199
1,621,930
2,014.7
913.8
9.1%
5
12.9
6.199
821,541
1,020.5
462.9
1
12.9
34.190
187,437
72.0
32.7
MC
2
12.9
34.190
1,911,491
734.7
333.3
with VMT
3
12.9
34.190
2,461,963
946.3
429.2
mix of
4
12.9
34.190
1,621,930
623.4
282.8
0.5%
5
12.9
34.190
821,541
315.8
143.2

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

174

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–10. Daily CO emissions in Maricopa County by vehicle class, facility type and area type (peak ozone
season day).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
59.7
14.817
1,083,889
15,962.9
7,240.8
INTERSTATE,
LDGV
2
60.3
14.907
8,684,720
128,680.5
58,369.5
FREEWAY,
with VMT
3
63.2
14.968
5,990,869
89,128.2
40,428.6
and
mix of
4
64.8
14.968
4,344,627
64,636.5
29,319.1
EXPRESSWAY
45.1%
5
64.2
14.968
5,435,735
80,869.3
36,682.3
1
59.7
18.240
1,083,889
12,298.5
5,578.6
LDGT1
2
60.3
18.331
8,684,720
99,033.4
44,921.6
with VMT
3
63.2
18.392
5,990,869
68,541.7
31,090.5
mix of
4
64.8
18.392
4,344,627
49,707.0
22,547.1
28.2%
5
64.2
18.392
5,435,735
62,190.4
28,209.5
1
59.7
20.799
1,083,889
5,545.8
2,515.6
LDGT2
2
60.3
20.899
8,684,720
44,650.1
20,253.3
with VMT
3
63.2
20.960
5,990,869
30,890.0
14,011.7
mix of
4
64.8
20.960
4,344,627
22,401.7
10,161.4
11.2%
5
64.2
20.960
5,435,735
28,027.7
12,713.3
1
59.7
15.429
1,083,889
1,312.4
595.3
HDGV
2
60.3
15.804
8,684,720
10,771.2
4,885.8
with VMT
3
63.2
16.058
5,990,869
7,549.2
3,424.3
mix of
4
64.8
16.058
4,344,627
5,474.8
2,483.4
3.6%
5
64.2
16.058
5,435,735
6,849.7
3,107.0
1
59.7
1.236
1,083,889
6.5
2.9
LDDV
2
60.3
1.247
8,684,720
52.5
23.8
with VMT
3
63.2
1.254
5,990,869
36.4
16.5
mix of
4
64.8
1.254
4,344,627
26.4
12.0
0.2%
5
64.2
1.254
5,435,735
33.1
15.0
1
59.7
0.667
1,083,889
34.4
15.6
LDDT
2
60.3
0.674
8,684,720
278.7
126.4
with VMT
3
63.2
0.678
5,990,869
193.4
87.7
mix of
4
64.8
0.678
4,344,627
140.3
63.6
2.2%
5
64.2
0.678
5,435,735
175.5
79.6
1
59.7
2.493
1,083,889
541.4
245.6
HDDV
2
60.3
2.533
8,684,720
4,408.0
1,999.5
with VMT
3
63.2
2.559
5,990,869
3,071.9
1,393.4
mix of
4
64.8
2.559
4,344,627
2,227.8
1,010.5
9.1%
5
64.2
2.559
5,435,735
2,787.3
1,264.3
1
59.7
27.060
1,083,889
329.7
149.6
MC
2
60.3
28.260
8,684,720
2,759.2
1,251.6
with VMT
3
63.2
29.050
5,990,869
1,956.5
887.5
mix of
4
64.8
29.050
4,344,627
1,418.9
643.6
0.5%
5
64.2
29.050
5,435,735
1,775.2
805.3

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

175

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–10. Daily CO emissions in Maricopa County by vehicle class, facility type and area type (peak
ozone season day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
30.3
10.275
1,043,964
10,661.5
4,836.1
PRINCIPAL
LDGV
2
34.4
10.492
8,481,150
88,447.7
40,119.9
ARTERIALS
with VMT
3
36.1
10.683
9,404,115
99,856.8
45,295.1
and
mix of
4
39.0
11.067
6,646,476
73,112.9
33,164.0
MINOR
45.1%
5
42.6
11.561
3,589,096
41,243.8
18,708.2
ARTERIALS
1
30.3
13.509
1,043,964
8,772.7
3,979.3
LDGT1
2
34.4
13.805
8,481,150
72,834.8
33,037.9
with VMT
3
36.1
14.025
9,404,115
82,048.1
37,217.0
mix of
4
39.0
14.448
6,646,476
59,735.4
27,096.0
28.2%
5
42.6
14.981
3,589,096
33,447.8
15,171.9
1
30.3
15.985
1,043,964
4,105.2
1,862.1
LDGT2
2
34.4
16.258
8,481,150
33,920.9
15,386.5
with VMT
3
36.1
16.478
9,404,115
38,121.3
17,291.8
mix of
4
39.0
16.919
6,646,476
27,663.5
12,548.2
11.2%
5
42.6
17.462
3,589,096
15,418.0
6,993.6
1
30.3
12.989
1,043,964
1,064.2
482.7
HDGV
2
34.4
11.653
8,481,150
7,755.6
3,518.0
with VMT
3
36.1
11.269
9,404,115
8,316.1
3,772.2
mix of
4
39.0
10.773
6,646,476
5,618.9
2,548.7
3.6%
5
42.6
10.489
3,589,096
2,954.4
1,340.1
1
30.3
1.289
1,043,964
6.5
3.0
LDDV
2
34.4
1.210
8,481,150
49.8
22.6
with VMT
3
36.1
1.186
9,404,115
54.1
24.5
mix of
4
39.0
1.153
6,646,476
37.2
16.9
0.2%
5
42.6
1.126
3,589,096
19.6
8.9
1
30.3
0.701
1,043,964
34.8
15.8
LDDT
2
34.4
0.650
8,481,150
262.5
119.1
with VMT
3
36.1
0.634
9,404,115
283.9
128.8
mix of
4
39.0
0.612
6,646,476
193.7
87.9
2.2%
5
42.6
0.595
3,589,096
101.7
46.1
1
30.3
2.694
1,043,964
563.5
255.6
HDDV
2
34.4
2.392
8,481,150
4,065.0
1,843.9
with VMT
3
36.1
2.300
9,404,115
4,334.0
1,965.9
mix of
4
39.0
2.172
6,646,476
2,892.7
1,312.1
9.1%
5
42.6
2.072
3,589,096
1,490.1
675.9
1
30.3
16.530
1,043,964
194.0
88.0
MC
2
34.4
14.800
8,481,150
1,411.1
640.1
with VMT
3
36.1
14.230
9,404,115
1,504.4
682.4
mix of
4
39.0
13.400
6,646,476
1,001.3
454.2
0.5%
5
42.6
12.640
3,589,096
510.0
231.3

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

176

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–10. Daily CO emissions in Maricopa County by vehicle class, facility type and area type (peak
ozone season day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
18.2
10.767
1,005,113
10,756.6
4,879.2
COLLECTOR
LDGV
2
19.1
10.640
2,618,198
27,690.1
12,560.2
with VMT
3
24.4
10.278
1,626,393
16,614.9
7,536.5
mix of
4
24.7
10.266
837,711
8,548.2
3,877.5
45.1%
5
28.2
10.249
2,295,304
23,381.9
10,606.0
1
18.2
13.723
1,005,113
8,580.1
3,891.9
LDGT1
2
19.1
13.616
2,618,198
22,176.3
10,059.2
with VMT
3
24.4
13.392
1,626,393
13,549.0
6,145.8
mix of
4
24.7
13.382
837,711
6,973.5
3,163.2
28.2%
5
28.2
13.443
2,295,304
19,194.1
8,706.4
1
18.2
16.474
1,005,113
4,073.5
1,847.8
LDGT2
2
19.1
16.326
2,618,198
10,515.5
4,769.8
with VMT
3
24.4
15.964
1,626,393
6,387.5
2,897.3
mix of
4
24.7
15.944
837,711
3,285.7
1,490.4
11.2%
5
28.2
15.950
2,295,304
9,006.6
4,085.4
1
18.2
22.213
1,005,113
1,752.1
794.7
HDGV
2
19.1
21.130
2,618,198
4,341.4
1,969.3
with VMT
3
24.4
16.229
1,626,393
2,071.4
939.6
mix of
4
24.7
16.017
837,711
1,052.9
477.6
3.6%
5
28.2
13.971
2,295,304
2,516.5
1,141.5
1
18.2
1.776
1,005,113
8.7
3.9
LDDV
2
19.1
1.722
2,618,198
21.9
9.9
with VMT
3
24.4
1.466
1,626,393
11.6
5.2
mix of
4
24.7
1.455
837,711
5.9
2.7
0.2%
5
28.2
1.343
2,295,304
14.9
6.8
1
18.2
1.020
1,005,113
48.8
22.1
LDDT
2
19.1
0.984
2,618,198
122.7
55.6
with VMT
3
24.4
0.817
1,626,393
63.3
28.7
mix of
4
24.7
0.810
837,711
32.3
14.7
2.2%
5
28.2
0.737
2,295,304
80.5
36.5
1
18.2
4.559
1,005,113
918.2
416.5
HDDV
2
19.1
4.350
2,618,198
2,282.1
1,035.2
with VMT
3
24.4
3.373
1,626,393
1,099.2
498.6
mix of
4
24.7
3.330
837,711
559.0
253.5
9.1%
5
28.2
2.900
2,295,304
1,333.8
605.0
1
18.2
25.250
1,005,113
285.3
129.4
MC
2
19.1
24.270
2,618,198
714.4
324.0
with VMT
3
24.4
19.860
1,626,393
363.1
164.7
mix of
4
24.7
19.670
837,711
185.2
84.0
0.5%
5
28.2
17.570
2,295,304
453.4
205.7

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

177

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–10. Daily CO emissions in Maricopa County by vehicle class, facility type and area type (peak
ozone season day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
12.9
11.810
187,437
2,200.3
998.0
LOCAL
LDGV
2
12.9
11.810
1,911,491
22,438.4
10,178.1
with VMT
3
12.9
11.810
2,461,963
28,900.3
13,109.2
mix of
4
12.9
11.810
1,621,930
19,039.4
8,636.3
45.1%
5
12.9
11.810
1,365,660
16,031.1
7,271.7
1
12.9
14.665
187,437
1,709.9
775.6
LDGT1
2
12.9
14.665
1,911,491
17,437.7
7,909.8
with VMT
3
12.9
14.665
2,461,963
22,459.5
10,187.6
mix of
4
12.9
14.665
1,621,930
14,796.2
6,711.6
28.2%
5
12.9
14.665
1,365,660
12,458.3
5,651.1
1
12.9
17.705
187,437
816.4
370.3
LDGT2
2
12.9
17.705
1,911,491
8,325.5
3,776.5
with VMT
3
12.9
17.705
2,461,963
10,723.1
4,864.0
mix of
4
12.9
17.705
1,621,930
7,064.4
3,204.4
11.2%
5
12.9
17.705
1,365,660
5,948.2
2,698.1
1
12.9
30.858
187,437
453.9
205.9
HDGV
2
12.9
30.858
1,911,491
4,628.9
2,099.7
with VMT
3
12.9
30.858
2,461,963
5,962.0
2,704.3
mix of
4
12.9
30.858
1,621,930
3,927.7
1,781.6
3.6%
5
12.9
30.858
1,365,660
3,307.1
1,500.1
1
12.9
2.205
187,437
2.0
0.9
LDDV
2
12.9
2.205
1,911,491
20.4
9.3
with VMT
3
12.9
2.205
2,461,963
26.3
11.9
mix of
4
12.9
2.205
1,621,930
17.3
7.9
0.2%
5
12.9
2.205
1,365,660
14.6
6.6
1
12.9
1.300
187,437
11.6
5.3
LDDT
2
12.9
1.300
1,911,491
118.3
53.7
with VMT
3
12.9
1.300
2,461,963
152.4
69.1
mix of
4
12.9
1.300
1,621,930
100.4
45.5
2.2%
5
12.9
1.300
1,365,660
84.5
38.3
1
12.9
6.199
187,437
232.8
105.6
HDDV
2
12.9
6.199
1,911,491
2,374.3
1,077.0
with VMT
3
12.9
6.199
2,461,963
3,058.1
1,387.2
mix of
4
12.9
6.199
1,621,930
2,014.7
913.8
9.1%
5
12.9
6.199
1,365,660
1,696.3
769.5
1
12.9
34.190
187,437
72.0
32.7
MC
2
12.9
34.190
1,911,491
734.7
333.3
with VMT
3
12.9
34.190
2,461,963
946.3
429.2
mix of
4
12.9
34.190
1,621,930
623.4
282.8
0.5%
5
12.9
34.190
1,365,660
524.9
238.1

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

178

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–11. Daily CO emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by vehicle class, facility type and area type
(annual average day).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
59.7
13.108
1,129,051
14,710.1
6,672.5
INTERSTATE,
LDGV
2
60.3
13.177
9,046,583
118,484.5
53,744.6
FREEWAY,
with VMT
3
63.2
13.222
6,240,489
82,011.2
37,200.3
and
mix of
4
64.8
13.222
4,525,653
59,475.2
26,977.9
EXPRESSWAY
45.1%
5
64.2
13.222
2,678,544
35,200.8
15,967.1
1
59.7
16.711
1,129,051
11,737.2
5,324.0
LDGT1
2
60.3
16.788
9,046,583
94,474.3
42,853.5
with VMT
3
63.2
16.840
6,240,489
65,373.4
29,653.4
mix of
4
64.8
16.840
4,525,653
47,409.3
21,504.9
28.2%
5
64.2
16.840
2,678,544
28,059.6
12,727.8
1
59.7
18.807
1,129,051
5,223.8
2,369.5
LDGT2
2
60.3
18.890
9,046,583
42,041.0
19,069.8
with VMT
3
63.2
18.943
6,240,489
29,081.1
13,191.2
mix of
4
64.8
18.943
4,525,653
21,089.8
9,566.3
11.2%
5
64.2
18.943
2,678,544
12,482.2
5,661.9
1
59.7
12.791
1,129,051
1,133.4
514.1
HDGV
2
60.3
13.109
9,046,583
9,306.8
4,221.6
with VMT
3
63.2
13.317
6,240,489
6,521.7
2,958.2
mix of
4
64.8
13.317
4,525,653
4,729.6
2,145.3
3.6%
5
64.2
13.317
2,678,544
2,799.2
1,269.7
1
59.7
1.243
1,129,051
6.8
3.1
LDDV
2
60.3
1.254
9,046,583
55.0
25.0
with VMT
3
63.2
1.261
6,240,489
38.2
17.3
mix of
4
64.8
1.261
4,525,653
27.7
12.6
0.2%
5
64.2
1.261
2,678,544
16.4
7.4
1
59.7
0.664
1,129,051
35.7
16.2
LDDT
2
60.3
0.671
9,046,583
288.8
131.0
with VMT
3
63.2
0.675
6,240,489
200.6
91.0
mix of
4
64.8
0.675
4,525,653
145.5
66.0
2.2%
5
64.2
0.675
2,678,544
86.1
39.0
1
59.7
2.449
1,129,051
554.1
251.3
HDDV
2
60.3
2.489
9,046,583
4,511.0
2,046.2
with VMT
3
63.2
2.515
6,240,489
3,144.3
1,426.2
mix of
4
64.8
2.515
4,525,653
2,280.2
1,034.3
9.1%
5
64.2
2.515
2,678,544
1,349.6
612.2
1
59.7
21.115
1,129,051
268.0
121.6
MC
2
60.3
22.030
9,046,583
2,240.5
1,016.3
with VMT
3
63.2
22.630
6,240,489
1,587.6
720.2
mix of
4
64.8
22.630
4,525,653
1,151.4
522.3
0.5%
5
64.2
22.630
2,678,544
681.4
309.1

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

179

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–11. Daily CO emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by vehicle class, facility type and area
type (annual average day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
30.3
9.686
1,087,462
10,469.1
4,748.8
PRINCIPAL
LDGV
2
34.4
9.835
8,834,531
86,363.5
39,174.5
ARTERIALS
with VMT
3
36.1
9.982
9,795,953
97,190.5
44,085.6
and
mix of
4
39.0
10.157
6,923,412
69,893.5
31,703.7
MINOR
45.1%
5
42.6
10.538
2,670,291
27,969.8
12,687.1
ARTERIALS
1
30.3
12.995
1,087,462
8,791.1
3,987.7
LDGT1
2
34.4
13.205
8,834,531
72,572.5
32,918.9
with VMT
3
36.1
13.375
9,795,953
81,506.2
36,971.2
mix of
4
39.0
13.593
6,923,412
58,544.9
26,556.0
28.2%
5
42.6
14.022
2,670,291
23,291.6
10,565.1
1
30.3
14.894
1,087,462
3,984.5
1,807.4
LDGT2
2
34.4
15.091
8,834,531
32,797.5
14,876.9
with VMT
3
36.1
15.270
9,795,953
36,798.8
16,691.9
mix of
4
39.0
15.509
6,923,412
26,415.6
11,982.1
11.2%
5
42.6
15.966
2,670,291
10,488.4
4,757.5
1
30.3
10.773
1,087,462
919.4
417.0
HDGV
2
34.4
9.660
8,834,531
6,697.0
3,037.8
with VMT
3
36.1
9.346
9,795,953
7,184.5
3,258.9
mix of
4
39.0
8.936
6,923,412
4,854.9
2,202.2
3.6%
5
42.6
8.701
2,670,291
1,823.4
827.1
1
30.3
1.296
1,087,462
6.8
3.1
LDDV
2
34.4
1.217
8,834,531
52.1
23.6
with VMT
3
36.1
1.193
9,795,953
56.7
25.7
mix of
4
39.0
1.160
6,923,412
38.9
17.7
0.2%
5
42.6
1.133
2,670,291
14.7
6.7
1
30.3
0.698
1,087,462
36.1
16.4
LDDT
2
34.4
0.647
8,834,531
272.1
123.4
with VMT
3
36.1
0.631
9,795,953
294.2
133.4
mix of
4
39.0
0.609
6,923,412
200.8
91.1
2.2%
5
42.6
0.592
2,670,291
75.3
34.1
1
30.3
2.647
1,087,462
576.7
261.6
HDDV
2
34.4
2.350
8,834,531
4,160.2
1,887.1
with VMT
3
36.1
2.260
9,795,953
4,435.5
2,012.0
mix of
4
39.0
2.134
6,923,412
2,960.6
1,342.9
9.1%
5
42.6
2.036
2,670,291
1,089.2
494.1
1
30.3
13.080
1,087,462
159.9
72.5
MC
2
34.4
11.765
8,834,531
1,168.5
530.1
with VMT
3
36.1
11.328
9,795,953
1,247.6
565.9
mix of
4
39.0
10.694
6,923,412
832.4
377.6
0.5%
5
42.6
10.114
2,670,291
303.6
137.7

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

180

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–11. Daily CO emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by vehicle class, facility type and area
type (annual average day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
18.2
10.040
1,046,993
10,448.3
4,739.3
COLLECTOR
LDGV
2
19.1
9.940
2,727,290
26,946.0
12,222.7
with VMT
3
24.4
9.609
1,694,159
16,180.2
7,339.3
mix of
4
24.7
9.595
872,616
8,321.6
3,774.7
45.1%
5
28.2
9.559
955,062
9,074.1
4,116.0
1
18.2
13.268
1,046,993
8,641.7
3,919.9
LDGT1
2
19.1
13.167
2,727,290
22,338.1
10,132.5
with VMT
3
24.4
12.875
1,694,159
13,568.5
6,154.7
mix of
4
24.7
12.863
872,616
6,982.4
3,167.2
28.2%
5
28.2
12.859
955,062
7,639.7
3,465.4
1
18.2
15.380
1,046,993
3,961.5
1,796.9
LDGT2
2
19.1
15.251
2,727,290
10,232.5
4,641.4
with VMT
3
24.4
14.841
1,694,159
6,185.5
2,805.7
mix of
4
24.7
14.827
872,616
3,182.9
1,443.8
11.2%
5
28.2
14.777
955,062
3,472.0
1,574.9
1
18.2
18.423
1,046,993
1,513.7
686.6
HDGV
2
19.1
17.524
2,727,290
3,750.6
1,701.3
with VMT
3
24.4
13.463
1,694,159
1,789.9
811.9
mix of
4
24.7
13.282
872,616
909.5
412.6
3.6%
5
28.2
11.581
955,062
868.0
393.7
1
18.2
1.786
1,046,993
9.1
4.1
LDDV
2
19.1
1.731
2,727,290
22.9
10.4
with VMT
3
24.4
1.474
1,694,159
12.1
5.5
mix of
4
24.7
1.463
872,616
6.2
2.8
0.2%
5
28.2
1.350
955,062
6.3
2.8
1
18.2
1.015
1,046,993
50.6
23.0
LDDT
2
19.1
0.979
2,727,290
127.2
57.7
with VMT
3
24.4
0.813
1,694,159
65.6
29.8
mix of
4
24.7
0.806
872,616
33.5
15.2
2.2%
5
28.2
0.733
955,062
33.3
15.1
1
18.2
4.479
1,046,993
939.7
426.3
HDDV
2
19.1
4.274
2,727,290
2,335.5
1,059.4
with VMT
3
24.4
3.314
1,694,159
1,125.0
510.3
mix of
4
24.7
3.271
872,616
572.0
259.5
9.1%
5
28.2
2.849
955,062
545.3
247.3
1
18.2
19.735
1,046,993
232.3
105.4
MC
2
19.1
18.983
2,727,290
582.0
264.0
with VMT
3
24.4
15.626
1,694,159
297.6
135.0
mix of
4
24.7
15.480
872,616
151.9
68.9
0.5%
5
28.2
13.874
955,062
149.0
67.6

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

181

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–11. Daily CO emissions in the ozone nonattainment area, by vehicle class, facility type and area
type (annual average day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
12.9
10.904
195,247
2,116.1
959.8
LOCAL
LDGV
2
12.9
10.904
1,991,136
21,579.8
9,788.6
with VMT
3
12.9
10.904
2,564,545
27,794.3
12,607.5
mix of
4
12.9
10.904
1,689,510
18,310.8
8,305.8
45.1%
5
12.9
10.904
855,772
9,274.8
4,207.0
1
12.9
14.157
195,247
1,719.5
780.0
LDGT1
2
12.9
14.157
1,991,136
17,535.4
7,954.1
with VMT
3
12.9
14.157
2,564,545
22,585.3
10,244.7
mix of
4
12.9
14.157
1,689,510
14,879.1
6,749.1
28.2%
5
12.9
14.157
855,772
7,536.6
3,418.6
1
12.9
16.521
195,247
793.5
360.0
LDGT2
2
12.9
16.521
1,991,136
8,092.6
3,670.8
with VMT
3
12.9
16.521
2,564,545
10,423.1
4,727.9
mix of
4
12.9
16.521
1,689,510
6,866.7
3,114.7
11.2%
5
12.9
16.521
855,772
3,478.1
1,577.7
1
12.9
25.590
195,247
392.1
177.9
HDGV
2
12.9
25.590
1,991,136
3,998.6
1,813.8
with VMT
3
12.9
25.590
2,564,545
5,150.1
2,336.1
mix of
4
12.9
25.590
1,689,510
3,392.9
1,539.0
3.6%
5
12.9
25.590
855,772
1,718.6
779.5
1
12.9
2.216
195,247
2.1
1.0
LDDV
2
12.9
2.216
1,991,136
21.4
9.7
with VMT
3
12.9
2.216
2,564,545
27.6
12.5
mix of
4
12.9
2.216
1,689,510
18.2
8.2
0.2%
5
12.9
2.216
855,772
9.2
4.2
1
12.9
1.294
195,247
12.0
5.5
LDDT
2
12.9
1.294
1,991,136
122.7
55.6
with VMT
3
12.9
1.294
2,564,545
158.0
71.7
mix of
4
12.9
1.294
1,689,510
104.1
47.2
2.2%
5
12.9
1.294
855,772
52.7
23.9
1
12.9
6.090
195,247
238.3
108.1
HDDV
2
12.9
6.090
1,991,136
2,429.9
1,102.2
with VMT
3
12.9
6.090
2,564,545
3,129.7
1,419.6
mix of
4
12.9
6.090
1,689,510
2,061.8
935.2
9.1%
5
12.9
6.090
855,772
1,044.4
473.7
1
12.9
26.555
195,247
58.3
26.4
MC
2
12.9
26.555
1,991,136
594.4
269.6
with VMT
3
12.9
26.555
2,564,545
765.6
347.3
mix of
4
12.9
26.555
1,689,510
504.4
228.8
0.5%
5
12.9
26.555
855,772
255.5
115.9

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

182

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–12. Daily CO emissions in Maricopa County by vehicle class, facility type and area type (annual
average day).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
59.7
13.108
1,129,051
14,710.1
6,672.5
INTERSTATE,
LDGV
2
60.3
13.177
9,046,583
118,484.5
53,744.6
FREEWAY,
with VMT
3
63.2
13.222
6,240,489
82,011.2
37,200.3
and
mix of
4
64.8
13.222
4,525,653
59,475.2
26,977.9
EXPRESSWAY
45.1%
5
64.2
13.222
5,662,224
74,411.7
33,753.2
1
59.7
16.711
1,129,051
11,737.2
5,324.0
LDGT1
2
60.3
16.788
9,046,583
94,474.3
42,853.5
with VMT
3
63.2
16.840
6,240,489
65,373.4
29,653.4
mix of
4
64.8
16.840
4,525,653
47,409.3
21,504.9
28.2%
5
64.2
16.840
5,662,224
59,315.7
26,905.6
1
59.7
18.807
1,129,051
5,223.8
2,369.5
LDGT2
2
60.3
18.890
9,046,583
42,041.0
19,069.8
with VMT
3
63.2
18.943
6,240,489
29,081.1
13,191.2
mix of
4
64.8
18.943
4,525,653
21,089.8
9,566.3
11.2%
5
64.2
18.943
5,662,224
26,386.3
11,968.8
1
59.7
12.791
1,129,051
1,133.4
514.1
HDGV
2
60.3
13.109
9,046,583
9,306.8
4,221.6
with VMT
3
63.2
13.317
6,240,489
6,521.7
2,958.2
mix of
4
64.8
13.317
4,525,653
4,729.6
2,145.3
3.6%
5
64.2
13.317
5,662,224
5,917.3
2,684.1
1
59.7
1.243
1,129,051
6.8
3.1
LDDV
2
60.3
1.254
9,046,583
55.0
25.0
with VMT
3
63.2
1.261
6,240,489
38.2
17.3
mix of
4
64.8
1.261
4,525,653
27.7
12.6
0.2%
5
64.2
1.261
5,662,224
34.6
15.7
1
59.7
0.664
1,129,051
35.7
16.2
LDDT
2
60.3
0.671
9,046,583
288.8
131.0
with VMT
3
63.2
0.675
6,240,489
200.6
91.0
mix of
4
64.8
0.675
4,525,653
145.5
66.0
2.2%
5
64.2
0.675
5,662,224
182.0
82.5
1
59.7
2.449
1,129,051
554.1
251.3
HDDV
2
60.3
2.489
9,046,583
4,511.0
2,046.2
with VMT
3
63.2
2.515
6,240,489
3,144.3
1,426.2
mix of
4
64.8
2.515
4,525,653
2,280.2
1,034.3
9.1%
5
64.2
2.515
5,662,224
2,852.9
1,294.1
1
59.7
21.115
1,129,051
268.0
121.6
MC
2
60.3
22.030
9,046,583
2,240.5
1,016.3
with VMT
3
63.2
22.630
6,240,489
1,587.6
720.2
mix of
4
64.8
22.630
4,525,653
1,151.4
522.3
0.5%
5
64.2
22.630
5,662,224
1,440.5
653.4

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

183

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–12. Daily CO emissions in Maricopa County by vehicle class, facility type and area type (annual
average day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
30.3
9.686
1,087,462
10,469.1
4,748.8
PRINCIPAL
LDGV
2
34.4
9.835
8,834,531
86,363.5
39,174.5
ARTERIALS
with VMT
3
36.1
9.982
9,795,953
97,190.5
44,085.6
and
mix of
4
39.0
10.157
6,923,412
69,893.5
31,703.7
MINOR
45.1%
5
42.6
10.538
3,738,642
39,160.1
17,763.0
ARTERIALS
1
30.3
12.995
1,087,462
8,791.1
3,987.7
LDGT1
2
34.4
13.205
8,834,531
72,572.5
32,918.9
with VMT
3
36.1
13.375
9,795,953
81,506.2
36,971.2
mix of
4
39.0
13.593
6,923,412
58,544.9
26,556.0
28.2%
5
42.6
14.022
3,738,642
32,610.3
14,792.0
1
30.3
14.894
1,087,462
3,984.5
1,807.4
LDGT2
2
34.4
15.091
8,834,531
32,797.5
14,876.9
with VMT
3
36.1
15.270
9,795,953
36,798.8
16,691.9
mix of
4
39.0
15.509
6,923,412
26,415.6
11,982.1
11.2%
5
42.6
15.966
3,738,642
14,684.6
6,661.0
1
30.3
10.773
1,087,462
919.4
417.0
HDGV
2
34.4
9.660
8,834,531
6,697.0
3,037.8
with VMT
3
36.1
9.346
9,795,953
7,184.5
3,258.9
mix of
4
39.0
8.936
6,923,412
4,854.9
2,202.2
3.6%
5
42.6
8.701
3,738,642
2,552.9
1,158.0
1
30.3
1.296
1,087,462
6.8
3.1
LDDV
2
34.4
1.217
8,834,531
52.1
23.6
with VMT
3
36.1
1.193
9,795,953
56.7
25.7
mix of
4
39.0
1.160
6,923,412
38.9
17.7
0.2%
5
42.6
1.133
3,738,642
20.5
9.3
1
30.3
0.698
1,087,462
36.1
16.4
LDDT
2
34.4
0.647
8,834,531
272.1
123.4
with VMT
3
36.1
0.631
9,795,953
294.2
133.4
mix of
4
39.0
0.609
6,923,412
200.8
91.1
2.2%
5
42.6
0.592
3,738,642
105.4
47.8
1
30.3
2.647
1,087,462
576.7
261.6
HDDV
2
34.4
2.350
8,834,531
4,160.2
1,887.1
with VMT
3
36.1
2.260
9,795,953
4,435.5
2,012.0
mix of
4
39.0
2.134
6,923,412
2,960.6
1,342.9
9.1%
5
42.6
2.036
3,738,642
1,524.9
691.7
1
30.3
13.080
1,087,462
159.9
72.5
MC
2
34.4
11.765
8,834,531
1,168.5
530.1
with VMT
3
36.1
11.328
9,795,953
1,247.6
565.9
mix of
4
39.0
10.694
6,923,412
832.4
377.6
0.5%
5
42.6
10.114
3,738,642
425.1
192.8

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

184

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–12. Daily CO emissions in Maricopa County by vehicle class, facility type and area type (annual
average day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
18.2
10.040
1,046,993
10,448.3
4,739.3
COLLECTOR
LDGV
2
19.1
9.940
2,727,290
26,946.0
12,222.7
with VMT
3
24.4
9.609
1,694,159
16,180.2
7,339.3
mix of
4
24.7
9.595
872,616
8,321.6
3,774.7
45.1%
5
28.2
9.559
2,390,942
22,716.5
10,304.2
1
18.2
13.268
1,046,993
8,641.7
3,919.9
LDGT1
2
19.1
13.167
2,727,290
22,338.1
10,132.5
with VMT
3
24.4
12.875
1,694,159
13,568.5
6,154.7
mix of
4
24.7
12.863
872,616
6,982.4
3,167.2
28.2%
5
28.2
12.859
2,390,942
19,125.5
8,675.3
1
18.2
15.380
1,046,993
3,961.5
1,796.9
LDGT2
2
19.1
15.251
2,727,290
10,232.5
4,641.4
with VMT
3
24.4
14.841
1,694,159
6,185.5
2,805.7
mix of
4
24.7
14.827
872,616
3,182.9
1,443.8
11.2%
5
28.2
14.777
2,390,942
8,691.9
3,942.6
1
18.2
18.423
1,046,993
1,513.7
686.6
HDGV
2
19.1
17.524
2,727,290
3,750.6
1,701.3
with VMT
3
24.4
13.463
1,694,159
1,789.9
811.9
mix of
4
24.7
13.282
872,616
909.5
412.6
3.6%
5
28.2
11.581
2,390,942
2,173.0
985.7
1
18.2
1.786
1,046,993
9.1
4.1
LDDV
2
19.1
1.731
2,727,290
22.9
10.4
with VMT
3
24.4
1.474
1,694,159
12.1
5.5
mix of
4
24.7
1.463
872,616
6.2
2.8
0.2%
5
28.2
1.350
2,390,942
15.7
7.1
1
18.2
1.015
1,046,993
50.6
23.0
LDDT
2
19.1
0.979
2,727,290
127.2
57.7
with VMT
3
24.4
0.813
1,694,159
65.6
29.8
mix of
4
24.7
0.806
872,616
33.5
15.2
2.2%
5
28.2
0.733
2,390,942
83.5
37.9
1
18.2
4.479
1,046,993
939.7
426.3
HDDV
2
19.1
4.274
2,727,290
2,335.5
1,059.4
with VMT
3
24.4
3.314
1,694,159
1,125.0
510.3
mix of
4
24.7
3.271
872,616
572.0
259.5
9.1%
5
28.2
2.849
2,390,942
1,365.0
619.2
1
18.2
19.735
1,046,993
232.3
105.4
MC
2
19.1
18.983
2,727,290
582.0
264.0
with VMT
3
24.4
15.626
1,694,159
297.6
135.0
mix of
4
24.7
15.480
872,616
151.9
68.9
0.5%
5
28.2
13.874
2,390,942
372.9
169.2

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

185

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.5–12. Daily CO emissions in Maricopa County by vehicle class, facility type and area type (annual
average day) (continued).
Vehicle
Area Speed
Emission
DVMT
Emissions
Emissions
Facility type
class
type (mph) factor (g/mi)
(miles)
(lb/day)
(kg/day)
1
12.9
10.904
195,247
2,116.1
959.8
LOCAL
LDGV
2
12.9
10.904 1,991,136
21,579.8
9,788.6
with VMT
3
12.9
10.904 2,564,545
27,794.3
12,607.5
mix of
4
12.9
10.904 1,689,510
18,310.8
8,305.8
45.1%
5
12.9
10.904 1,422,562
15,417.6
6,993.4
1
12.9
14.157
195,247
1,719.5
780.0
LDGT1
2
12.9
14.157 1,991,136
17,535.4
7,954.1
with VMT
3
12.9
14.157 2,564,545
22,585.3
10,244.7
mix of
4
12.9
14.157 1,689,510
14,879.1
6,749.1
28.2%
5
12.9
14.157 1,422,562
12,528.1
5,682.8
1
12.9
16.521
195,247
793.5
360.0
LDGT2
2
12.9
16.521 1,991,136
8,092.6
3,670.8
with VMT
3
12.9
16.521 2,564,545
10,423.1
4,727.9
mix of
4
12.9
16.521 1,689,510
6,866.7
3,114.7
11.2%
5
12.9
16.521 1,422,562
5,781.7
2,622.6
1
12.9
25.590
195,247
392.1
177.9
HDGV
2
12.9
25.590 1,991,136
3,998.6
1,813.8
with VMT
3
12.9
25.590 2,564,545
5,150.1
2,336.1
mix of
4
12.9
25.590 1,689,510
3,392.9
1,539.0
3.6%
5
12.9
25.590 1,422,562
2,856.8
1,295.8
1
12.9
2.216
195,247
2.1
1.0
LDDV
2
12.9
2.216 1,991,136
21.4
9.7
with VMT
3
12.9
2.216 2,564,545
27.6
12.5
mix of
4
12.9
2.216 1,689,510
18.2
8.2
0.2%
5
12.9
2.216 1,422,562
15.3
6.9
1
12.9
1.294
195,247
12.0
5.5
LDDT
2
12.9
1.294 1,991,136
122.7
55.6
with VMT
3
12.9
1.294 2,564,545
158.0
71.7
mix of
4
12.9
1.294 1,689,510
104.1
47.2
2.2%
5
12.9
1.294 1,422,562
87.6
39.8
1
12.9
6.090
195,247
238.3
108.1
HDDV
2
12.9
6.090 1,991,136
2,429.9
1,102.2
with VMT
3
12.9
6.090 2,564,545
3,129.7
1,419.6
mix of
4
12.9
6.090 1,689,510
2,061.8
935.2
9.1%
5
12.9
6.090 1,422,562
1,736.1
787.5
1
12.9
26.555
195,247
58.3
26.4
MC
2
12.9
26.555 1,991,136
594.4
269.6
with VMT
3
12.9
26.555 2,564,545
765.6
347.3
mix of
4
12.9
26.555 1,689,510
504.4
228.8
0.5%
5
12.9
26.555 1,422,562
424.7
192.6

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

186

Maricopa County, AZ

5.6

Summary of ozone precursor emissions from onroad mobile sources

Tables 5.6–1 through 5.6–12 summarize the calculated onroad emissions by vehicle class, area,
and facility type. Total VOC emissions from onroad sources for a peak ozone season day are
75,261 kilograms (165,922 pounds) per day for the ozone nonattainment area and 81,819 kg
(180,380 lb) per day for all of Maricopa County. Total annual VOC emissions from onroad
sources are 29,402 English tons for the ozone nonattainment area and 31,960 English tons for
Maricopa County.
Total NOx emissions from onroad sources for a peak ozone season day are 181,320 kg (399,742
lb) per day for the ozone nonattainment area and 198,556 kg (437,741 lb) per day for all of
Maricopa County. Total annual NOx emissions from onroad sources are 72,691 English tons for
the ozone nonattainment area and 79,572 English tons for Maricopa County.
Total CO emissions from onroad sources for a peak ozone season day are 839,319 kg (1,850,382
lb) per day for the ozone nonattainment area and 917,819 kg (2,023,444 lb) per day for all of
Maricopa County. Total annual CO emissions from onroad sources are 322,867 English tons for
the ozone nonattainment area and 352,821 English tons for Maricopa County.
Table 5.6–1. Daily VOC emissions (kg/day) in the ozone NAA by vehicle class, area type and facility type
(summer day).
Area
Vehicle Class
Facility type Type
LDGV LDGT1 LDGT2 HDGV LDDV LDDT
HDDV
MC TOTAL
1
477.1
349.3
166.7
35.5
0.9
6.3
39.0
15.0
1,089.8
INTERSTATE,
2
3,818.7
2,791.2
1,333.0
284.1
7.5
50.1
312.6 121.8
8,719.0
FREEWAY,
3
2,631.5
1,923.6
918.2
195.9
5.2
34.5
215.6
84.9
6,009.5
and
4
1,908.4
1,395.0
665.9
142.1
3.8
25.1
156.4
61.6
4,358.2
EXPRESSWAY 5
1,129.5
825.6
394.1
84.1
2.2
14.8
92.6
36.5
2,579.4
Total
9,965.3
7,284.8
3,477.9
741.7
19.6 130.8
816.2 319.7 22,756.0
PRINCIPAL
ARTERIAL
and
MINOR
ARTERIAL

COLLECTOR

LOCAL

GRAND
TOTALS:

1
2
3
4
5
Total

522.7
4,093.4
4,491.2
3,131.0
1,188.6
13,426.9

390.3
3,050.2
3,341.5
2,323.5
879.8
9,985.3

188.1
1,467.7
1,608.2
1,118.5
423.0
4,805.6

49.0
361.9
387.8
260.2
95.1
1,154.0

1.1
8.7
9.5
6.4
2.4
28.2

8.0
60.4
65.0
44.1
16.2
193.8

57.2
417.0
444.5
294.8
106.2
1,319.8

13.0
100.8
109.8
75.9
28.6
328.2

1,229.5
9,560.2
10,457.4
7,254.5
2,740.1
31,241.6

1
2
3
4
5
Total

599.2
1,532.1
870.3
446.3
468.8
3,916.6

448.8
1,144.2
648.6
332.7
349.9
2,924.2

216.6
552.0
312.8
160.5
168.8
1,410.6

71.8
179.9
91.0
46.4
45.5
434.7

1.4
3.7
2.0
1.0
1.0
9.2

10.5
26.7
14.3
7.3
7.4
66.2

82.3
207.5
106.9
54.5
53.4
504.6

15.4
39.3
22.1
11.3
11.7
99.7

1,446.0
3,685.3
2,068.0
1,060.0
1,106.5
9,365.9

1
2
3
4
5
Total

129.3
1,318.8
1,698.6
1,119.0
566.8
4,832.6

98.9
1,008.2
1,298.6
855.5
433.3
3,694.5

47.6
485.8
625.7
412.2
208.8
1,780.2

17.5
178.9
230.4
151.8
76.9
655.6

0.3
3.2
4.1
2.7
1.4
11.7

2.3
23.8
30.6
20.2
10.2
87.1

19.0
193.5
249.3
164.2
83.2
709.2

3.4
34.6
44.6
29.4
14.9
126.8

318.4
3,246.9
4,182.0
2,755.1
1,395.5
11,897.9

32,141.5

23,888.8

11,474.3

2,986.0

68.7

477.9

3,349.8

874.5

75,261.3

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

187

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.6–2. Daily VOC emissions (kg/day) in Maricopa County by vehicle class, area type and facility type
(summer day).
Area
Vehicle Class
Facility type Type
LDGV LDGT1 LDGT2 HDGV LDDV LDDT
HDDV
MC TOTAL
1
477.1
349.3
166.7
35.5
0.9
6.3
39.0
15.0
1,089.8
INTERSTATE,
2
3,818.7
2,791.2
1,333.0
284.1
7.5
50.1
312.6 121.8
8,719.0
FREEWAY,
3
2,631.5
1,923.6
918.2
195.9
5.2
34.5
215.6
84.9
6,009.5
and
4
1,908.4
1,395.0
665.9
142.1
3.8
25.1
156.4
61.6
4,358.2
EXPRESSWAY 5
2,387.7
1,745.4
833.1
177.8
4.7
31.3
195.6
77.1
5,452.7
Total 11,223.5
8,204.5
3,916.9
835.4
22.1 147.3
919.3 360.4 25,629.2
PRINCIPAL
ARTERIAL
and
MINOR
ARTERIAL

COLLECTOR

LOCAL

GRAND
TOTALS:

1
2
3
4
5
Total

522.7
4,093.4
4,491.2
3,131.0
1,664.2
13,902.4

390.3
3,050.2
3,341.5
2,323.5
1,231.8
10,337.3

188.1
1,467.7
1,608.2
1,118.5
592.2
4,974.8

49.0
361.9
387.8
260.2
133.2
1,192.0

1.1
8.7
9.5
6.4
3.3
29.1

8.0
60.4
65.0
44.1
22.7
200.3

57.2
417.0
444.5
294.8
148.8
1,362.3

13.0
100.8
109.8
75.9
40.1
339.6

1,229.5
9,560.2
10,457.4
7,254.5
3,836.3
32,337.9

1
2
3
4
5
Total

599.2
1,532.1
870.3
446.3
1,173.5
4,621.4

448.8
1,144.2
648.6
332.7
875.9
3,450.2

216.6
552.0
312.8
160.5
422.5
1,664.3

71.8
179.9
91.0
46.4
114.0
503.2

1.4
3.7
2.0
1.0
2.6
10.8

10.5
26.7
14.3
7.3
18.4
77.3

82.3
207.5
106.9
54.5
133.7
584.9

15.4
39.3
22.1
11.3
29.4
117.4

1,446.0
3,685.3
2,068.0
1,060.0
2,770.1
11,029.5

1
2
3
4
5
Total

129.3
1,318.8
1,698.6
1,119.0
942.2
5,208.1

98.9
1,008.2
1,298.6
855.5
720.3
3,981.5

47.6
485.8
625.7
412.2
347.1
1,918.5

17.5
178.9
230.4
151.8
127.8
706.6

0.3
3.2
4.1
2.7
2.3
12.6

2.3
23.8
30.6
20.2
17.0
93.9

19.0
193.5
249.3
164.2
138.3
764.3

3.4
34.6
44.6
29.4
24.7
136.7

318.4
3,246.9
4,182.0
2,755.1
2,319.8
12,822.1

34,955.4

25,973.5

12,474.5

3,237.2

74.6

518.7

3,630.8

954.0

81,818.7

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

188

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.6–3. Daily VOC emissions (kg/day) in the ozone NAA by vehicle class, area type and facility type
(annual average day).
Area
Vehicle Class
Facility type Type
LDGV LDGT1 LDGT2 HDGV LDDV LDDT
HDDV
MC TOTAL
1
461.0
338.2
158.0
32.2
1.0
6.4
40.0
15.4
1,052.3
INTERSTATE,
2
3,687.5
2,704.6
1,263.6
258.2
7.9
51.5
320.7 125.1
8,419.2
FREEWAY,
3
2,541.5
1,863.4
870.3
178.0
5.5
35.5
221.2
87.2
5,802.7
and
4
1,843.1
1,351.3
631.2
129.1
4.0
25.8
160.4
63.3
4,208.1
EXPRESSWAY 5
1,090.9
799.8
373.6
76.4
2.3
15.3
94.9
37.4
2,490.6
Total
9,624.0
7,057.3
3,296.7
674.1
20.7 134.5
837.3 328.4 21,972.9
PRINCIPAL
ARTERIAL
and
MINOR
ARTERIAL

COLLECTOR

LOCAL

GRAND
TOTALS:

1
2
3
4
5
Total

510.1
3,994.6
4,380.3
3,040.6
1,152.5
13,078.2

376.2
2,948.1
3,233.5
2,246.4
851.4
9,655.6

178.2
1,392.0
1,525.9
1,059.7
401.4
4,557.1

45.7
335.6
359.0
240.0
87.3
1,067.6

1.2
9.2
10.0
6.8
2.5
29.6

8.3
62.1
66.9
45.3
16.7
199.2

58.7
427.7
455.9
302.4
109.0
1,353.7

13.4
103.7
113.1
78.0
29.4
337.6

1,191.8
9,273.1
10,144.5
7,019.1
2,650.3
30,278.7

1
2
3
4
5
Total

589.5
1,502.3
849.7
435.8
457.1
3,834.3

431.7
1,098.2
622.4
319.3
336.4
2,807.9

205.3
522.5
295.5
151.6
159.5
1,334.4

68.6
171.3
85.7
43.7
42.7
411.9

1.5
3.9
2.1
1.1
1.1
9.7

10.8
27.4
14.7
7.5
7.6
68.1

84.4
213.0
109.7
55.9
54.8
517.8

15.7
40.2
22.7
11.6
12.1
102.3

1,407.6
3,578.8
2,002.5
1,026.5
1,071.1
9,086.4

1
2
3
4
5
Total

129.8
1,323.2
1,704.3
1,122.8
568.7
4,848.8

96.0
979.0
1,260.9
830.7
420.8
3,587.4

45.7
465.7
599.8
395.1
200.1
1,706.3

17.1
174.2
224.3
147.8
74.9
638.2

0.3
3.4
4.3
2.9
1.4
12.3

2.4
24.4
31.5
20.7
10.5
89.5

19.5
198.6
255.8
168.5
85.3
727.6

3.5
35.4
45.6
30.0
15.2
129.7

314.2
3,203.8
4,126.5
2,718.5
1,377.0
11,739.9

31,385.3

23,108.2

10,894.6

2,791.7

72.3

491.3

3,436.4

898.1

73,078.0

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

189

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.6–4. Daily VOC emissions (kg/day) in Maricopa County by vehicle class, area type and facility type
(annual average day).
Area
Vehicle Class
Facility type Type
LDGV LDGT1 LDGT2 HDGV LDDV LDDT
HDDV
MC TOTAL
1
461.0
338.2
158.0
32.2
1.0
6.4
40.0
15.4
1,052.3
INTERSTATE,
2
3,687.5
2,704.6
1,263.6
258.2
7.9
51.5
320.7 125.1
8,419.2
FREEWAY,
3
2,541.5
1,863.4
870.3
178.0
5.5
35.5
221.2
87.2
5,802.7
and
4
1,843.1
1,351.3
631.2
129.1
4.0
25.8
160.4
63.3
4,208.1
EXPRESSWAY 5
2,306.0
1,690.7
789.7
161.5
5.0
32.2
200.7
79.2
5,265.0
Total 10,839.1
7,948.2
3,712.8
759.2
23.3 151.5
943.0 370.1 24,747.3
PRINCIPAL
ARTERIAL
and
MINOR
ARTERIAL

COLLECTOR

LOCAL

GRAND
TOTALS:

1
2
3
4
5
Total

510.1
3,994.6
4,380.3
3,040.6
1,613.6
13,539.3

376.2
2,948.1
3,233.5
2,246.4
1,192.1
9,996.2

178.2
1,392.0
1,525.9
1,059.7
562.0
4,717.7

45.7
335.6
359.0
240.0
122.3
1,102.6

1.2
9.2
10.0
6.8
3.5
30.7

8.3
62.1
66.9
45.3
23.4
205.9

58.7
427.7
455.9
302.4
152.6
1,397.3

13.4
103.7
113.1
78.0
41.2
349.4

1,191.8
9,273.1
10,144.5
7,019.1
3,710.6
31,339.1

1
2
3
4
5
Total

589.5
1,502.3
849.7
435.8
1,144.3
4,521.5

431.7
1,098.2
622.4
319.3
842.0
3,313.6

205.3
522.5
295.5
151.6
399.2
1,574.2

68.6
171.3
85.7
43.7
106.8
476.0

1.5
3.9
2.1
1.1
2.8
11.3

10.8
27.4
14.7
7.5
19.0
79.5

84.4
213.0
109.7
55.9
137.2
600.2

15.7
40.2
22.7
11.6
30.2
120.5

1,407.6
3,578.8
2,002.5
1,026.5
2,681.4
10,696.8

1
2
3
4
5
Total

129.8
1,323.2
1,704.3
1,122.8
945.4
5,225.4

96.0
979.0
1,260.9
830.7
699.5
3,866.1

45.7
465.7
599.8
395.1
332.7
1,838.9

17.1
174.2
224.3
147.8
124.4
687.8

0.3
3.4
4.3
2.9
2.4
13.3

2.4
24.4
31.5
20.7
17.4
96.4

19.5
198.6
255.8
168.5
141.9
784.1

3.5
35.4
45.6
30.0
25.3
139.8

314.2
3,203.8
4,126.5
2,718.5
2,289.0
12,651.9

34,125.4

25,124.1

11,843.6

3,025.5

78.6

533.3

3,724.6

979.9

79,435.0

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

190

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.6–5. Daily NOx emissions (kg/day) in the ozone NAA by vehicle class, area type and facility type
(summer day).
Area
Vehicle Class
Facility type Type
LDGV LDGT1 LDGT2 HDGV LDDV LDDT
HDDV
MC TOTAL
1
524.8
410.3
198.0
216.5
4.3
27.9
2,322.9
9.0
3,713.6
INTERSTATE,
2
4,213.0
3,292.7
1,588.9 1,742.2
35.0 229.0 18,984.2
73.1 30,158.0
FREEWAY,
3
2,908.9
2,274.6
1,097.4 1,205.0
24.6 160.6 13,262.8
50.7 20,984.5
and
4
2,109.5
1,649.5
795.8
873.9
17.8 116.4
9,618.3
36.8 15,218.1
EXPRESSWAY 5
1,248.6
976.3
471.0
517.2
10.5
68.9
5,692.6
21.8
9,007.0
Total 11,004.8
8,603.4
4,151.1 4,554.7
92.2 602.8 49,880.7 191.3 79,081.1
PRINCIPAL
ARTERIAL
and
MINOR
ARTERIAL

COLLECTOR

LOCAL

GRAND
TOTALS:

1
2
3
4
5
Total

488.4
3,859.9
4,270.8
3,024.4
1,173.3
12,816.9

367.2
2,937.3
3,256.9
2,314.9
901.5
9,777.7

179.8
1,440.8
1,597.5
1,132.8
440.1
4,791.0

166.7
1,399.1
1,572.5
1,136.3
450.2
4,724.8

2.3
18.6
20.7
14.9
6.0
62.5

15.0
120.7
134.7
96.5
38.6
405.5

1,177.3
9,505.5
10,586.9
7,573.7
3,014.3
31,857.6

6.1
50.6
57.1
40.7
15.9
170.4

2,402.7
19,332.5
21,497.1
15,334.0
6,039.9
64,606.3

1
2
3
4
5
Total

554.2
1,418.6
811.8
416.6
437.7
3,638.9

400.1
1,028.0
599.8
308.0
327.2
2,663.0

195.6
502.7
293.5
150.7
160.2
1,302.5

145.2
380.8
247.4
127.7
144.1
1,045.3

2.6
6.6
3.8
1.9
2.1
17.0

16.9
43.1
24.6
12.6
13.3
110.5

1,292.3
3,315.4
1,914.8
983.0
1,046.5
8,552.0

5.1
13.5
8.9
4.6
5.2
37.3

2,611.9
6,708.8
3,904.5
2,005.1
2,136.3
17,366.6

1
2
3
4
5
Total

118.5
1,208.3
1,556.3
1,025.3
519.3
4,427.8

83.3
850.0
1,094.7
721.2
365.3
3,114.6

40.6
414.2
533.4
351.4
178.0
1,517.7

25.8
263.4
339.3
223.5
113.2
965.3

0.5
5.6
7.2
4.7
2.4
20.5

3.6
36.5
47.0
30.9
15.7
133.6

269.0
2,743.3
3,533.3
2,327.7
1,179.0
10,052.4

0.9
9.4
12.1
7.9
4.0
34.3

542.3
5,530.6
7,123.4
4,692.8
2,377.0
20,266.2

31,888.4

24,158.7

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

11,762.3 11,290.1

191

192.3 1,252.4 100,342.7

433.3 181,320.3

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.6–6. Daily NOx emissions (kg/day) in Maricopa County by vehicle class, area type and facility type
(summer day).
Area
Vehicle Class
Facility type Type
LDGV LDGT1 LDGT2 HDGV LDDV LDDT
HDDV
MC TOTAL
1
524.8
410.3
198.0
216.5
4.3
27.9
2,322.9
9.0
3,713.6
INTERSTATE,
2
4,213.0
3,292.7
1,588.9 1,742.2
35.0 229.0 18,984.2
73.1 30,158.0
FREEWAY,
3
2,908.9
2,274.6
1,097.4 1,205.0
24.6 160.6 13,262.8
50.7 20,984.5
and
4
2,109.5
1,649.5
795.8
873.9
17.8 116.4
9,618.3
36.8 15,218.1
EXPRESSWAY 5
2,639.3
2,063.8
995.7 1,093.3
22.3 145.7 12,033.8
46.0 19,040.0
Total 12,395.6
9,690.9
4,675.8 5,130.8 104.0 679.6 56,221.9 215.6 89,114.1
PRINCIPAL
ARTERIAL
and
MINOR
ARTERIAL

COLLECTOR

LOCAL

GRAND
TOTALS:

1
2
3
4
5
Total

488.4
3,859.9
4,270.8
3,024.4
1,642.8
13,286.3

367.2
2,937.3
3,256.9
2,314.9
1,262.2
10,138.4

179.8
1,440.8
1,597.5
1,132.8
616.1
4,967.0

166.7
1,399.1
1,572.5
1,136.3
630.3
4,905.0

2.3
18.6
20.7
14.9
8.3
64.9

15.0
120.7
134.7
96.5
54.1
420.9

1,177.3
9,505.5
10,586.9
7,573.7
4,220.3
33,063.6

6.1
50.6
57.1
40.7
22.3
176.7

2,402.7
19,332.5
21,497.1
15,334.0
8,456.4
67,022.9

1
2
3
4
5
Total

554.2
1,418.6
811.8
416.6
1,095.7
4,296.9

400.1
1,028.0
599.8
308.0
819.1
3,154.9

195.6
502.7
293.5
150.7
401.0
1,543.4

145.2
380.8
247.4
127.7
360.7
1,261.9

2.6
6.6
3.8
1.9
5.2
20.1

16.9
43.1
24.6
12.6
33.4
130.6

1,292.3
3,315.4
1,914.8
983.0
2,619.9
10,125.3

5.1
13.5
8.9
4.6
13.1
45.2

2,611.9
6,708.8
3,904.5
2,005.1
5,348.0
20,578.3

1
2
3
4
5
Total

118.5
1,208.3
1,556.3
1,025.3
863.3
4,771.8

83.3
850.0
1,094.7
721.2
607.3
3,356.5

40.6
414.2
533.4
351.4
295.9
1,635.5

25.8
263.4
339.3
223.5
188.2
1,040.3

0.5
5.6
7.2
4.7
4.0
22.1

3.6
36.5
47.0
30.9
26.0
144.0

269.0
2,743.3
3,533.3
2,327.7
1,960.0
10,833.3

0.9
9.4
12.1
7.9
6.7
37.0

542.3
5,530.6
7,123.4
4,692.8
3,951.4
21,840.5

34,750.6

26,340.8

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

12,821.7 12,338.0

192

211.1 1,375.1 110,244.1

474.5 198,555.9

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.6–7. Daily NOx emissions (kg/day) in the ozone NAA by vehicle class, area type and facility type
(annual average day).
Area
Vehicle Class
Facility type Type
LDGV LDGT1 LDGT2 HDGV LDDV LDDT
HDDV
MC TOTAL
1
490.8
378.6
187.2
222.5
4.4
28.8
2,396.9
9.7
3,718.9
INTERSTATE,
2
3,940.0
3,039.5
1,502.5 1,790.5
36.5 236.4 19,589.8
78.4 30,213.6
FREEWAY,
3
2,722.1
2,100.2
1,037.8 1,238.4
25.6 165.8 13,686.5
54.4 21,030.8
and
4
1,974.1
1,523.1
752.6
898.1
18.5 120.2
9,925.5
39.5 15,251.7
EXPRESSWAY 5
1,168.4
901.5
445.4
531.6
11.0
71.2
5,874.5
23.4
9,026.8
Total 10,295.4
7,942.8
3,925.6 4,681.1
96.0 622.4 51,473.2 205.3 79,241.8
PRINCIPAL
ARTERIAL
and
MINOR
ARTERIAL

COLLECTOR

LOCAL

GRAND
TOTALS:

1
2
3
4
5
Total

441.3
3,517.9
3,901.1
2,758.1
1,074.9
11,693.3

333.9
2,682.8
2,979.5
2,109.5
823.1
8,928.8

167.5
1,346.9
1,495.2
1,057.4
411.7
4,478.7

171.3
1,438.1
1,616.3
1,167.8
462.7
4,856.3

2.4
19.4
21.6
15.5
6.2
65.1

15.5
124.6
138.9
99.6
39.9
418.5

1,289.4
10,414.2
11,596.4
7,821.3
3,113.1
34,234.3

6.5
54.5
60.9
43.7
17.1
182.7

2,427.7
19,598.4
21,809.9
15,072.9
5,948.7
64,857.6

1
2
3
4
5
Total

489.5
1,255.7
725.6
372.5
393.7
3,237.0

361.4
928.9
543.0
278.9
296.6
2,408.9

180.9
465.1
272.2
139.8
148.8
1,206.8

149.2
391.3
254.3
131.3
148.1
1,074.3

2.7
6.9
3.9
2.0
2.1
17.7

17.4
44.5
25.4
13.0
13.8
114.1

1,334.9
3,424.4
1,977.6
1,015.2
1,080.8
8,832.8

5.5
14.5
9.5
4.9
5.6
40.0

2,541.5
6,531.4
3,811.5
1,957.7
2,089.5
16,931.5

1
2
3
4
5
Total

103.3
1,053.1
1,356.4
893.6
452.6
3,859.0

75.1
765.4
985.8
649.5
329.0
2,804.7

37.5
382.3
492.4
324.4
164.3
1,400.8

26.5
270.7
348.7
229.7
116.4
992.0

0.6
5.8
7.5
4.9
2.5
21.3

3.7
37.6
48.5
31.9
16.2
137.9

277.9
2,834.1
3,650.3
2,404.8
1,218.1
10,385.2

1.0
10.1
12.9
8.5
4.3
36.8

525.5
5,359.1
6,902.5
4,547.3
2,303.3
19,637.7

29,084.7

22,085.2

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

11,011.8 11,603.7

193

200.1 1,292.8 104,925.6

464.9 180,668.6

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.6–8. Daily NOx emissions (kg/day) in Maricopa County by vehicle class, area type and facility type
(annual average day).
Area
Vehicle Class
Facility type Type
LDGV LDGT1 LDGT2 HDGV LDDV LDDT
HDDV
MC TOTAL
1
490.8
378.6
187.2
222.5
4.4
28.8
2,396.9
9.7
3,718.9
INTERSTATE,
2
3,940.0
3,039.5
1,502.5 1,790.5
36.5 236.4 19,589.8
78.4 30,213.6
FREEWAY,
3
2,722.1
2,100.2
1,037.8 1,238.4
25.6 165.8 13,686.5
54.4 21,030.8
and
4
1,974.1
1,523.1
752.6
898.1
18.5 120.2
9,925.5
39.5 15,251.7
EXPRESSWAY 5
2,469.9
1,905.6
941.6 1,123.7
23.2 150.4 12,418.2
49.4 19,082.0
Total 11,596.9
8,947.0
4,421.7 5,273.3 108.2 701.6 58,016.9 231.3 89,297.0
PRINCIPAL
ARTERIAL
and
MINOR
ARTERIAL

COLLECTOR

LOCAL

GRAND
TOTALS:

1
2
3
4
5
Total

441.3
3,517.9
3,901.1
2,758.1
1,504.9
12,123.3

333.9
2,682.8
2,979.5
2,109.5
1,152.4
9,258.1

167.5
1,346.9
1,495.2
1,057.4
576.3
4,643.3

171.3
1,438.1
1,616.3
1,167.8
647.9
5,041.4

2.4
19.4
21.6
15.5
8.7
67.6

15.5
124.6
138.9
99.6
55.9
434.5

1,289.4
10,414.2
11,596.4
7,821.3
4,358.7
35,479.9

6.5
54.5
60.9
43.7
24.0
189.6

2,427.7
19,598.4
21,809.9
15,072.9
8,328.7
67,237.6

1
2
3
4
5
Total

489.5
1,255.7
725.6
372.5
985.6
3,828.9

361.4
928.9
543.0
278.9
742.6
2,854.9

180.9
465.1
272.2
139.8
372.5
1,430.5

149.2
391.3
254.3
131.3
370.8
1,296.9

2.7
6.9
3.9
2.0
5.4
20.9

17.4
44.5
25.4
13.0
34.5
134.8

1,334.9
3,424.4
1,977.6
1,015.2
2,705.6
10,457.7

5.5
14.5
9.5
4.9
14.0
48.4

2,541.5
6,531.4
3,811.5
1,957.7
5,230.9
20,072.9

1
2
3
4
5
Total

103.3
1,053.1
1,356.4
893.6
752.4
4,158.7

75.1
765.4
985.8
649.5
546.8
3,022.6

37.5
382.3
492.4
324.4
273.1
1,509.6

26.5
270.7
348.7
229.7
193.4
1,069.1

0.6
5.8
7.5
4.9
4.2
23.0

3.7
37.6
48.5
31.9
26.9
148.6

277.9
2,834.1
3,650.3
2,404.8
2,024.8
11,192.0

1.0
10.1
12.9
8.5
7.2
39.7

525.5
5,359.1
6,902.5
4,547.3
3,828.8
21,163.2

31,707.9

24,082.5

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

12,005.2 12,680.7

194

219.7 1,419.5 115,146.4

509.0 197,770.7

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.6–9. Daily CO emissions (kg/day) in the ozone NAA by vehicle class, area type and facility type
(summer day).
Area
Vehicle Class
Facility type Type
LDGV LDGT1 LDGT2 HDGV LDDV LDDT
HDDV
MC TOTAL
1
7,240.8
5,578.6
2,515.6
595.3
2.9
15.6
245.6
149.6 16,344.0
INTERSTATE,
2
58,369.5 44,921.6 20,253.3 4,885.8
23.8
126.4
1,999.5 1,251.6 131,831.4
FREEWAY,
3
40,428.6 31,090.5 14,011.7 3,424.3
16.5
87.7
1,393.4
887.5 91,340.3
and
4
29,319.1 22,547.1 10,161.4 2,483.4
12.0
63.6
1,010.5
643.6 66,240.7
EXPRESSWAY 5
17,352.8 13,344.7
6,014.1 1,469.8
7.1
37.7
598.1
380.9 39,205.1
Total 152,710.7 117,482.4 52,956.1 12,858.6
62.4
331.0
5,247.1 3,313.2 344,961.5
PRINCIPAL
ARTERIAL
and
MINOR
ARTERIAL

COLLECTOR

LOCAL

GRAND
TOTALS:

1
4,836.1
3,979.3
2
40,119.9 33,037.9
3
45,295.1 37,217.0
4
33,164.0 27,096.0
5
13,362.1 10,836.4
Total 136,777.1 112,166.6

1,862.1
482.7
15,386.5 3,518.0
17,291.8 3,772.2
12,548.2 2,548.7
4,995.1
957.2
52,083.8 11,278.8

3.0
22.6
24.5
16.9
6.3
73.3

15.8
119.1
128.8
87.9
32.9
384.4

255.6
88.0 11,522.6
1,843.9
640.1 94,687.9
1,965.9
682.4 106,377.8
1,312.1
454.2 77,227.9
482.8
165.2 30,838.1
5,860.3 2,029.9 320,654.3

1
2
3
4
5
Total

4,879.2
12,560.2
7,536.5
3,877.5
4,236.6
33,090.0

3,891.9
10,059.2
6,145.8
3,163.2
3,477.8
26,737.9

1,847.8
4,769.8
2,897.3
1,490.4
1,631.9
12,637.2

794.7
1,969.3
939.6
477.6
456.0
4,637.2

3.9
9.9
5.2
2.7
2.7
24.5

22.1
55.6
28.7
14.7
14.6
135.7

416.5
1,035.2
498.6
253.5
241.7
2,445.5

129.4
324.0
164.7
84.0
82.1
784.4

11,985.6
30,783.3
18,216.5
9,363.6
10,143.4
80,492.4

1
2
3
4
5
Total

998.0
10,178.1
13,109.2
8,636.3
4,374.4
37,296.0

775.6
7,909.8
10,187.6
6,711.6
3,399.5
28,984.1

370.3
3,776.5
4,864.0
3,204.4
1,623.1
13,838.3

205.9
2,099.7
2,704.3
1,781.6
902.4
7,694.0

0.9
9.3
11.9
7.9
4.0
34.0

5.3
53.7
69.1
45.5
23.1
196.7

105.6
32.7
1,077.0
333.3
1,387.2
429.2
913.8
282.8
462.9
143.2
3,946.5 1,221.2

2,494.3
25,437.2
32,762.6
21,583.8
10,932.7
93,210.6

359,873.8 285,371.0 131,515.4 36,468.5

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

195

194.1 1,047.9

17,499.4 7,348.7 839,318.7

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.6–10. Daily CO emissions (kg/day) in Maricopa County by vehicle class, area type and facility type
(summer day).
Area
Vehicle Class
Facility type Type
LDGV LDGT1 LDGT2 HDGV LDDV LDDT
HDDV
MC TOTAL
1
7,240.8
5,578.6
2,515.6
595.3
2.9
15.6
245.6
149.6 16,344.0
INTERSTATE,
2
58,369.5 44,921.6 20,253.3 4,885.8
23.8
126.4
1,999.5 1,251.6 131,831.4
FREEWAY,
3
40,428.6 31,090.5 14,011.7 3,424.3
16.5
87.7
1,393.4
887.5 91,340.3
and
4
29,319.1 22,547.1 10,161.4 2,483.4
12.0
63.6
1,010.5
643.6 66,240.7
EXPRESSWAY 5
36,682.3 28,209.5 12,713.3 3,107.0
15.0
79.6
1,264.3
805.3 82,876.4
Total 172,040.3 132,347.3 59,655.4 14,495.8
70.3
373.0
5,913.3 3,737.5 388,632.7
PRINCIPAL
ARTERIAL
and
MINOR
ARTERIAL

COLLECTOR

LOCAL

GRAND
TOTALS:

1
4,836.1
3,979.3
2
40,119.9 33,037.9
3
45,295.1 37,217.0
4
33,164.0 27,096.0
5
18,708.2 15,171.9
Total 142,123.2 116,502.1

1,862.1
482.7
15,386.5 3,518.0
17,291.8 3,772.2
12,548.2 2,548.7
6,993.6 1,340.1
54,082.3 11,661.7

3.0
22.6
24.5
16.9
8.9
75.8

15.8
119.1
128.8
87.9
46.1
397.6

255.6
88.0 11,522.6
1,843.9
640.1 94,687.9
1,965.9
682.4 106,377.8
1,312.1
454.2 77,227.9
675.9
231.3 43,176.1
6,053.5 2,096.0 332,992.2

1
2
3
4
5
Total

4,879.2
12,560.2
7,536.5
3,877.5
10,606.0
39,459.5

3,891.9
10,059.2
6,145.8
3,163.2
8,706.4
31,966.5

1,847.8
4,769.8
2,897.3
1,490.4
4,085.4
15,090.7

794.7
1,969.3
939.6
477.6
1,141.5
5,322.7

3.9
9.9
5.2
2.7
6.8
28.6

22.1
55.6
28.7
14.7
36.5
157.7

416.5
1,035.2
498.6
253.5
605.0
2,808.8

1
2
3
4
5
Total

998.0
10,178.1
13,109.2
8,636.3
7,271.7
40,193.2

775.6
7,909.8
10,187.6
6,711.6
5,651.1
31,235.6

370.3
3,776.5
4,864.0
3,204.4
2,698.1
14,913.3

205.9
2,099.7
2,704.3
1,781.6
1,500.1
8,291.6

0.9
9.3
11.9
7.9
6.6
36.6

5.3
53.7
69.1
45.5
38.3
211.9

105.6
32.7
2,494.3
1,077.0
333.3 25,437.2
1,387.2
429.2 32,762.6
913.8
282.8 21,583.8
769.5
238.1 18,173.5
4,253.1 1,316.1 100,451.5

211.3 1,140.2

19,028.6 8,057.5 917,818.8

393,816.1 312,051.6 143,741.6 39,771.9

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

196

129.4
324.0
164.7
84.0
205.7
907.9

11,985.6
30,783.3
18,216.5
9,363.6
25,393.3
95,742.3

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.6–11. Daily CO emissions (kg/day) in the ozone NAA by vehicle class, area type and facility type
(annual average day).
Area
Vehicle Class
Facility type Type
LDGV LDGT1 LDGT2 HDGV LDDV LDDT
HDDV
MC TOTAL
1
6,672.5
5,324.0
2,369.5
514.1
3.1
16.2
251.3
121.6 15,272.3
INTERSTATE,
2
53,744.6 42,853.5 19,069.8 4,221.6
25.0
131.0
2,046.2 1,016.3 123,107.9
FREEWAY,
3
37,200.3 29,653.4 13,191.2 2,958.2
17.3
91.0
1,426.2
720.2 85,257.7
and
4
26,977.9 21,504.9
9,566.3 2,145.3
12.6
66.0
1,034.3
522.3 61,829.6
EXPRESSWAY 5
15,967.1 12,727.8
5,661.9 1,269.7
7.4
39.0
612.2
309.1 36,594.3
Total 140,562.4 112,063.6 49,858.8 11,108.9
65.3
343.2
5,370.2 2,689.4 322,061.9
PRINCIPAL
ARTERIAL
and
MINOR
ARTERIAL

COLLECTOR

LOCAL

GRAND
TOTALS:

1
4,748.8
3,987.7
2
39,174.5 32,918.9
3
44,085.6 36,971.2
4
31,703.7 26,556.0
5
12,687.1 10,565.1
Total 132,399.6 110,998.8

1,807.4
14,876.9
16,691.9
11,982.1
4,757.5
50,115.9

417.0
3,037.8
3,258.9
2,202.2
827.1
9,742.9

3.1
23.6
25.7
17.7
6.7
76.8

16.4
123.4
133.4
91.1
34.1
398.5

261.6
72.5 11,314.5
1,887.1
530.1 92,572.3
2,012.0
565.9 103,744.6
1,342.9
377.6 74,273.2
494.1
137.7 29,509.3
5,997.6 1,683.8 311,413.9

1
2
3
4
5
Total

4,739.3
12,222.7
7,339.3
3,774.7
4,116.0
32,192.1

3,919.9
10,132.5
6,154.7
3,167.2
3,465.4
26,839.7

1,796.9
4,641.4
2,805.7
1,443.8
1,574.9
12,262.8

686.6
1,701.3
811.9
412.6
393.7
4,006.1

4.1
10.4
5.5
2.8
2.8
25.6

23.0
57.7
29.8
15.2
15.1
140.7

426.3
1,059.4
510.3
259.5
247.3
2,502.7

105.4
264.0
135.0
68.9
67.6
640.8

11,701.5
30,089.4
17,792.2
9,144.6
9,882.9
78,610.5

1
2
3
4
5
Total

959.8
9,788.6
12,607.5
8,305.8
4,207.0
35,868.7

780.0
7,954.1
10,244.7
6,749.1
3,418.6
29,146.4

360.0
3,670.8
4,727.9
3,114.7
1,577.7
13,451.1

177.9
1,813.8
2,336.1
1,539.0
779.5
6,646.3

1.0
9.7
12.5
8.2
4.2
35.6

5.5
55.6
71.7
47.2
23.9
203.9

108.1
1,102.2
1,419.6
935.2
473.7
4,038.9

26.4
269.6
347.3
228.8
115.9
988.0

2,418.5
24,664.4
31,767.3
20,928.1
10,600.5
90,378.9

341,022.9 279,048.5 125,688.5 31,504.3

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

197

203.3 1,086.3

17,909.5 6,002.0 802,465.3

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 5.6–12. Daily CO emissions (kg/day) in Maricopa County by vehicle class, area type and facility type
(annual average day).
Area
Vehicle Class
Facility type Type
LDGV LDGT1 LDGT2 HDGV LDDV LDDT
HDDV
MC TOTAL
1
6,672.5
5,324.0
2,369.5
514.1
3.1
16.2
251.3
121.6 15,272.3
INTERSTATE,
2
53,744.6 42,853.5 19,069.8 4,221.6
25.0
131.0
2,046.2 1,016.3 123,107.9
FREEWAY,
3
37,200.3 29,653.4 13,191.2 2,958.2
17.3
91.0
1,426.2
720.2 85,257.7
and
4
26,977.9 21,504.9
9,566.3 2,145.3
12.6
66.0
1,034.3
522.3 61,829.6
EXPRESSWAY 5
33,753.2 26,905.6 11,968.8 2,684.1
15.7
82.5
1,294.1
653.4 77,357.5
Total 158,348.5 126,241.4 56,165.7 12,523.3
73.6
386.7
6,052.1 3,033.7 362,825.0
PRINCIPAL
ARTERIAL
and
MINOR
ARTERIAL

COLLECTOR

LOCAL

GRAND
TOTALS:

1
4,748.8
3,987.7
2
39,174.5 32,918.9
3
44,085.6 36,971.2
4
31,703.7 26,556.0
5
17,763.0 14,792.0
Total 137,475.6 115,225.8

1,807.4
417.0
14,876.9 3,037.8
16,691.9 3,258.9
11,982.1 2,202.2
6,661.0 1,158.0
52,019.3 10,073.9

3.1
23.6
25.7
17.7
9.3
79.4

16.4
123.4
133.4
91.1
47.8
412.1

261.6
72.5 11,314.5
1,887.1
530.1 92,572.3
2,012.0
565.9 103,744.6
1,342.9
377.6 74,273.2
691.7
192.8 41,315.7
6,195.3 1,738.9 323,220.2

1
2
3
4
5
Total

4,739.3
12,222.7
7,339.3
3,774.7
10,304.2
38,380.3

3,919.9
10,132.5
6,154.7
3,167.2
8,675.3
32,049.7

1,796.9
4,641.4
2,805.7
1,443.8
3,942.6
14,630.5

686.6
1,701.3
811.9
412.6
985.7
4,598.0

4.1
10.4
5.5
2.8
7.1
29.9

23.0
57.7
29.8
15.2
37.9
163.5

426.3
1,059.4
510.3
259.5
619.2
2,874.6

105.4
264.0
135.0
68.9
169.2
742.4

11,701.5
30,089.4
17,792.2
9,144.6
24,741.1
93,468.8

1
2
3
4
5
Total

959.8
9,788.6
12,607.5
8,305.8
6,993.4
38,655.1

780.0
7,954.1
10,244.7
6,749.1
5,682.8
31,410.6

360.0
3,670.8
4,727.9
3,114.7
2,622.6
14,496.0

177.9
1,813.8
2,336.1
1,539.0
1,295.8
7,162.6

1.0
9.7
12.5
8.2
6.9
38.3

5.5
55.6
71.7
47.2
39.8
219.8

108.1
26.4
1,102.2
269.6
1,419.6
347.3
935.2
228.8
787.5
192.6
4,352.7 1,064.8

2,418.5
24,664.4
31,767.3
20,928.1
17,621.4
97,399.8

372,859.4 304,927.4 137,311.5 34,357.8

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

198

221.3 1,182.0

19,474.6 6,579.8 876,913.9

Maricopa County, AZ

5.7

Quality assurance process

5.7.1

VMT estimates

Normal quality assurance procedures, including extensive automated consistency checks, were
used by ADOT in developing the 2002 HPMS data. These data were submitted to the Federal
Highway Administration in October 2003.

5.7.2

Emission factor estimates

The quality assurance (QA) process performed on the MOBILE6.2 analyses included accuracy,
completeness, and reasonableness checks. For accuracy and completeness, a system was used
that included a two-layer, independent reviewer set-up. All hard copy and computer-based data
entries as well as all calculations procedures were checked independently for accuracy and
completeness by two different reviewers. Any errors found were corrected and the changes were
then rechecked by the reviewers.
The entire onroad mobile source portion of the 2002 periodic ozone precursor inventory was
reviewed by MAG staff that did not directly participate in its development. All comments were
addressed.

5.7.3

Quality review of the 2002 periodic ozone precursor emissions inventory

The draft onroad mobile source portion of the 2002 periodic ozone precursor emissions
inventory was reviewed using published EPA quality review guidelines for base year emission
inventories (EPA Document 450/4-91-022, September 1991). The procedural review (Levels I,
II, and III) included checks for completeness, consistency, and the correct use of appropriate
procedures.
Additionally, the draft onroad mobile source portion of the 2002 periodic ozone precursors emissions inventory for the ozone nonattainment area was compared with the onroad mobile source
portions of the 1990, 1993, 1996, and 1999 base year and periodic emissions inventories. The
results are in Table 5.7–1. Estimates for Maricopa County in its entirety and estimates for an
annual average day were not prepared for previous inventories, so no comparison is possible for
those portions of this inventory.
Table 5.7–1. Comparison of daily emissions from onroad mobile sources and vehicle miles traveled (VMT)
in the ozone nonattainment area, 1990–2002.
Onroad CO
Vehicle miles
Year of
Onroad VOC
Onroad NOx
emissions (lb/yr)
emissions (lb/yr)
traveled (VMT)
analysis
emissions (lb/day)
1990
300,218
286,243
2,005,220
42,545,983
1993
239,186
288,992
1,708,688
46,555,338
1996
190,283
285,692
1,243,095
51,329,514
1999
180,890
294,299
1,268,227
55,934,173
2002
165,922
399,742
1,850,382
67,524,299

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

199

Maricopa County, AZ

While the VMT increases over time, the modeled onroad CO and NOx emissions decrease or
remain relatively constant between 1990 and 1999 because of the implementation of control
measures designed to reduce onroad emissions such as I/M program, cleaner gasoline, cleaner
vehicle technologies, etc. This trend would have continued if MOBILE5a had been used for the
2002 inventory. Significant increases for NOx and CO are modeled between 1999 and 2002 due
to the use of MOBILE6.2 in the 2002 analysis versus MOBILE5a in the 1999 and previous
analyses. It is also important to note that the base case emissions from the Ozone Maintenance
Plan may not match those in the periodic inventories because of a different year modeled and
different modeling domain size.
As an additional QA check, the average miles per gallon estimate was derived using average
annual daily VMT estimates and gasoline sales from ADOT. The results of that QA check may
be found in Appendix 5.5.

5.8

References

MAG, 1986. 1986 Phoenix Urbanized Area Travel Speed Study, Parsons Brinkerhoff Quade &
Douglas, Inc., for MAG, October 1986.
MAG, 1990. Phoenix Travel Demand Model Update Project Final Report, MAG, January 1990.
MAG, 1995. 1993 Study of Travel Speed and Delay in the MAG Region, Lee Engineering, Inc.,
for MAG, January 1995.
MAG, 1995. Maricopa Association of Governments Highway Performance Monitoring System
Update, Lee Engineering, Inc., for MAG, January 1995.
MAG, 2000. 1998 MAG Regional Congestion Study, Traffic Research & Analysis, Inc. et al.
for MAG, September 2000.
Memorandum from Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, on Cutpoints for IM147 for
MOBILE6, May 2001.
Memorandum from William G. Laxton, US Environmental Protection Agency, OAQPS, on
Issues Associated with the 1990 Base Year Emission Inventory and Modeling, December
1991.
US DOT, 1987. Highway Performance Monitoring System Field Manual, US Department of
Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, December 1987.
US EPA, 1991. Emission Inventory Requirements for Carbon Monoxide State Implementation
Plans, EPA-450/4-91-011, March 1991.
US EPA, 1992. Procedures for Emission Inventory Preparation Volume IV: Mobile Sources,
EPA-450/4-81-026d (Revised), 1992.
US EPA, 1992. Quality Review Guidelines for 1990 Base Year Emission Inventories, EPA454/R-92-007, July 1992.
SAI, 1994. Revised Base Case and Demonstration of Attainment for Carbon Monoxide for
Maricopa County, Arizona, Systems Applications International, for MAG, February 1994.
US EPA, 2003. User's Guide to MOBILE6.1 and MOBILE6.2 (Mobile Source Emission Factor
Model), EPA420-R-03-010, August 2003.

2002 Periodic Ozone Emission Inventory

200

Maricopa County, AZ

6.

Biogenic Sources

6.1

Introduction and scope

Biogenic source emission estimates have been calculated for ozone precursors for use in the
2002 Periodic Ozone Inventory. These biogenic source emission estimates are for Maricopa
County and the 1,872 square-mile ozone nonattainment area within Maricopa County. These
emissions were estimated using a modified version of the UAM-BEIS 2 model called MAGBEIS2. MAGBEIS2 was developed for use in Maricopa County and is documented in
Improvements to the Biogenic Emission Estimation Process for Maricopa County (STI, 1996).
MAGBEIS2 main modifications to UAM-BEIS2 was the addition of procedures that allow for
the input of user-supplied gridded land use and surface temperature data. These procedures
included the development of a land-use preprocessor called MAGLAND2 to consolidate the
MAG land-use data and to substitute data for missing or incomplete grid cells. The guiding
principle used in the development of MAGBEIS2 was the replacement of some EPA defaults
with locale-specific data, including: locale-specific land-use data, locale-specific biomass
estimates, and the use of a taxonomic approach to develop local-specific emission factors.
Overall, MAGBEIS2 constitutes an improvement over the EPA BEIS2 procedures, and is
considered to provide reasonable estimates of the biogenic emissions in the study area.
6.2

Modeling domain adjustments

The emissions reported in the periodic inventory are for both the ozone nonattainment area and
Maricopa County. Due to the irregular shape of the ozone nonattainment area and Maricopa
County, it was not possible to use the ozone nonattainment area or county boundary as the
modeling domain for the grid based MAGBEIS2 model. Two modeling domains were used to
estimate biogenic emissions for the nonattainment area and Maricopa County. The modeling
domains used in the present study are shown in Figure 6.2–1. The northern domain consists of
107 grid cells in the east-west direction and 47 grid cells in the north-south direction, with a
uniform grid spacing of two kilometers. The northern domain encompassed the entire ozone
nonattainment area. The southern domain encompassed the southern portion of Maricopa County
and consisted of 54 grid cells in the east-west direction and 39 grid cells in the north-south
direction, with a uniform grid spacing of two kilometers. Both domains are primarily located
within Maricopa County, although small fractions of the modeling areas extend into other neighboring counties. The emissions estimated using the MAGBEIS2 model are for the rectangular
modeling domain previously described. These estimates were adjusted to calculate the nonattainment area emissions and Maricopa County emissions through the use of ARCVIEW.
ARCVIEW was used to remove the portions of the modeling domain outside of the Maricopa
County area for the county emission estimates and outside of the nonattainment area for the
nonattainment area emission estimates.

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

201

Maricopa County, AZ

Figure 6.2–1. Ozone nonattainment area, Maricopa County, and biogenic modeling domains (northern and
southern grid outlines).

6.3

Land-use categories

The most critical input for the biogenic emission modeling is the land-use data file. The most
recent land-use information was incorporated into the EPA BELD3 land-use data to create a
merged land-use data set. The most recent land-use data compiled by MAG included over 40
land-use types using 2000 information as listed in Table 6.3–1. MAG residential, commercial,
water, and agricultural land-use categories were merged into the BELD3 USGS coniferous,
deciduous, mixed forest, grassland, savanna, and shrubland land-use types, listed in Table 6.3–2,
to create a county-wide composite land-use data set. The MAGLAND2 and MAGBEIS2
programs described in the 1996 study by STI and used in previous periodic ozone emission
inventories had to be modified to accept the land-use categories from the merged BELD3/MAG
2000 land-use data set. Due to lack of information for the spatial distribution of the agricultural
types in the BELD3/MAG 2000 land-use data there is only one category for agriculture. The
agricultural emission factor was updated based on 2002 Maricopa County crop statistics.

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

202

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 6.3–1. MAG 2000 land-use categories.
ID
Type
Assigned to
100 General Residential
Residential
110 Rural Residential
USGS Shrubland
120 Estate Residential
USGS Shrubland
130 Large Lot Residential
Residential
140 Medium Lot Residential
Residential
150 Small Lot Residential
Residential
160 Very Small Lot Residential
Residential
170 Medium Density Residential
Residential
180 High Density Residential
Residential
190 Very High Density Residential
Residential
200 General Commercial
Commercial
210 Specialty Commercial
Commercial
220 Neighborhood Retail Center
Commercial
230 Community Commercial
Commercial
240 Regional Retail Center
Commercial
250 Super-Regional Commercial
Commercial
300 General Industrial
Commercial
310 Warehouse/Distribution
Commercial
320 Industrial
Commercial
400 Office General
Commercial
410 Office Low Rise
Commercial
420 Office Mid Rise
Commercial
430 Office High Rise
Commercial
500 General Employment
Commercial

ID
510
520
530
540
550
560
570
580
590
600
610
611
612
620
700
710
720
730
740
750
800
810
820
830
900

Type
Hotel, Motel or Resort
Educational
Institutional
Cemeteries
Public Facilities
Special Events
Other Employment Low
Other Employment Medium
Other Employment High
General Transportation
Transportation
Parking Structures
Parking Surfaces
Airport
Recreation
Active Open Spaces
Golf Courses
Dedicated Open Space
Water
Agriculture
Multiple Use
Business Park
Mixed Use
Planned Developments
Vacant

Assigned to
Commercial
Commercial
Commercial
USGS Grassland
Commercial
Commercial
Nonemit
Commercial
Commercial
Nonemit
Nonemit
Nonemit
Nonemit
Nonemit
not merged
USGS Grassland
USGS Grassland
not merged
Water
Agriculture
Commercial
Commercial
Commercial
Commercial
not merged

Table 6.3–2. Land-use categories from BELD3 used in the emission inventory.
BELD3 Land-use category
USGS_Coniferous
USGS_Deciduous
USGS_Mixed Forest
USGS_Grassland
USGS_Savanna
USGS_Shrubland

6.4

Derivation of emission factors

For each of the 11 land-use groups, MAGBEIS2 requires as input a standardized emission factor
for isoprene, monoterpene, other volatile organic compounds (OVOCs), and oxides of nitrogen
(NOx). The emission factors selected for use in MAGBEIS2 are listed in Table 6.4–1. The commercial emission factor is identical to the one developed for the 1996 STI study. The “Agricultural” and “Residential” categories were adjusted based on updated data or assumptions
described below.

2002 Ozone Periodic Emission Inventory

203

Maricopa County, AZ

Table 6.4–1. VOC and NOx standardized emission factors, by land-use category (µg/m2·hr).
Emission Factor
Land-use category
Isoprene
Monoterpene
OVOC
NOx
Commercial/Industrial
102e
22e
22a
1.8b
e
e
a
Residential/Schools/Churches
961.3
206.5
206.5
17.4c
e
e
e
Agricultural
20.8
44.7
49.9
140.0e
USGS Coniferous
2276.6
1375.0
457.0
2.0
USGS Deciduous
1646.4
90.0
249.0
2.0
USGS Mixed Forest
1545.8
225.0
374.0
2.0
USGS Grassland
9.8
21.0
249.0
27.0
Water
0d
0d
0d
0d
USGS Savanna
353.0
60.0
83.0
27.0
USGS Shrubland
110.0
55.0
33.0
57.8
Non-emitting
0
0
0
0
a. OVOC emission rate set equal to monoterpene emissions rate.
b. US EPA emission factor for grass multiplied by the landscape fraction.
c. US EPA emission factor for commercial and industrial multiplied by the landscape fraction.
d. US EPA-recommended values.
e. Based on locale-specific data.

The development of the emission rate estimate for the “Agricultural” category utilized Arizona
crop statistics for 2002 obtained for Maricopa County by land-use type as documented in 2002
Arizona Agricultural Statistics, Arizona Agricultural Statistics Service, 2003. These values are
shown in Table 6.4–2. The acreage shown in this table were used to derive the percentages of
these crop types relative to the total crop land-use area: Cotton - 25.04 percent, Alfalfa - 37.64
percent, Other Hay - 4.09 percent, Wheat - 7.42 percent, Barley - 9.27 percent, Corn - 0.11
percent, Vegetables - 10.91 percent, Citrus - 5.51 percent. These percentages, as fractions, were
multiplied by the US EPA reported standardized emission factors for isoprene, monoterpenes,
OVOC, and NOx for each crop type to get a composite emission factor for harvested cropland
areas. The emission factor for “Citrus” is the same as that reported by EPA for orange. Since
the 2000 MAG land-use data only contain a single agriculture category, MAG calculated a composite emission factor based on the land distribution fractions for harvested cropland and nonharvested croplands from the latest available Census of Agriculture, 1997.
Table 6.4–2. Maricopa County crop statistics for 2002.
Crop
Acres * % of total
Cotton
45,900
25.04
Alfalfa
69,000
37.64
Other Hay
7,500
4.09
Wheat
13,600
7.42
Barley
17,000
9.27
Corn
200
0.11
Vegetables
20,000
10.91
Citrus
10,100
5.51
Totals:
183,300
100.
* All values were derived from 2002 Arizona Agricultural Statistics, Arizona Agricultural Statistics Service, 2003.

Table 6.4–3 shows the total areas and percentages for harvested cropland and total cropland .
This approach relies on the assumption that the changes occurring in harvested and nonharvested areas has not changed significantly since 1997. As a result, the emission factor for the
new “Agricultural” category was computed by calculating a weighted average of the harvested

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cropland emission factor and the non-harvested (grassland) emission factor for each VOC
species (paraffin, olefins, aldehyde, and isoprene), OVOC, and NOx.
Table 6.4–3. Distribution of harvested cropland and total cropland.
Category
Area* (acres) Fraction (%)
Total Cropland
340,563
100
Harvested Cropland
296,150
87
Non-Harvested Cropland
44,413
13
* USDA 1997 Census of Agriculture.

Maricopa County lies in the arid Sonoran desert. The residential/schools/churches emission
factor used the EPA “desert cities” alternative splits which assumes that 70 percent of the urban
land use is barren.
All emission factors for the BELD3 land-use types were taken from the EPA BEIS version 3.09
data set.

6.5

Meteorological inputs

Consistent with previous periodic inventories, for 1990 and onward, the meteorological episode
day used was September 9, 1988. The procedures of selecting the episode day was in accordance
with the EPA guidance documented in the User’s Guide to the Personal Computer Version of the
Biogenic Emissions Inventory System (PC-BEIS), Version 2.0, EPA, 1991. Meteorological data
are input to MAGBEIS2 from two separate files. The first file called “SURMET1” was created
using observed data from the Sky Harbor Airport. The file includes the following
meteorological fields:
• Opaque sky cover
• Total sky cover
• Fraction of sky occupied by the lowest level clouds and height of that cloud level
• Fraction of sky occupied by the second lowest level clouds and height of that cloud level
• Fraction of sky occupied by the third lowest level clouds and height of that cloud level
The above fields are used to determine the solar radiation fluxes in the current version of
MAGBEIS2. The following fields in the data file are not used by the program but the format is
reserved for the program to read successfully:
• Sea level pressure
• Wind direction
• Wind speed
• Surface temperature
• Dew point
• Station pressure
The second meteorological data file, “TEMPRTR”, consists of 24 hours per day of gridded
surface temperature fields created from a UAM preprocessor program. TEMPRTR is in binary
format and can be used as an input to UAM. Data used to generate the surface temperature fields
were obtained from ten monitoring sites for the episode day. Table 6.5–1 presents more information about the ten monitoring sites for this analysis.
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Table 6.5–1. Information for surface temperature monitoring sites.
Site ID
Station Name
Latitude
Longitude
Network*
o
o
SKY
Sky Harbor Airport
33 26' 03”
112 03' 04”
NWS
SMPK
S. Mt. Park
33o 20' 46”
112o 02' 59”
FCDMC
GILA
Gila Bend Mt.
33o 14' 28”
113o 12' 14”
FCDMC
112o 20' 49”
FCDMC
HORS
Horsethief Basin
34o 06' 19”
MTUN
Mt. Union
34o 24' 54”
112o 24' 17”
FCDMC
CARE
Carefree Ranch
33o 52' 03”
111o 51' 00”
FCDMC
WADD
Waddell
33o 37' 05”
112o 27' 35”
AZMET
GREE
Phx. Greenway
33o 29' 07”
112o 06' 30”
AZMET
ENCA
Phx. Encanto
33o 28' 45”
112o 05' 47”
AZMET
LITC
Litchfield
33o 28' 02”
112o 23' 53”
AZMET
* NWS: National Weather Service, MDMS on EPA NCC/IBM server
FCDMC: Flood Control Department Maricopa County, Julie Riemenschneider
AZMET: The Arizona Meteorological Network, http://ag.arizona.edu/azmet/

6.6

Summary of emissions from biogenic sources

Total biogenic emissions for the Maricopa County 2002 periodic ozone emission inventory are
summarized in Tables 6.6–1 and 6.6–2 for both the ozone nonattainment area and Maricopa
County.
Table 6.6–1. Summary of biogenic source emissions (typical ozone season day).
Maricopa County
Ozone nonattainment area
Pollutant
kg/day
lb/day
kg/day
lb/day
NOx
32,499
71,648
6,291
13,870
Total VOC
140,392
309,511
41,737
92,015
–Isoprenes
48,340
106,571
16,252
35,830
–Paraffins
66,581
146,786
18,921
41,713
–Aldehydes
16,063
35,413
3,951
8,711
–Olefins
9,408
20,741
2,613
5,761

Table 6.6–2. Summary of biogenic source emissions (annual totals).
Maricopa County
Ozone nonattainment area
metric
English
metric
English
Pollutant
tons/yr
tons/yr
tons/yr
tons/yr
NOx
7,554
8,327
1,455
1,604
Total VOC
21,910
24,152
6,552
7,223
–Isoprenes
7,331
8,081
2,459
2,711
–Paraffins
10,551
11,630
3,040
3,351
–Aldehydes
2,538
2,798
633
698
–Olefins
1,490
1,643
420
463

6.7

Biogenic emissions comparison

The biogenic source portion of the 2002 ozone season day emissions inventory for the ozone
nonattainment area was compared with the biogenic source portions of the 1993, 1996, and 1999
periodic emissions inventories. The results are in Table 6.7–1. Estimates for Maricopa County
in its entirety were not prepared for previous inventories, so no county wide comparison is
possible.

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Table 6.7–1. Comparison of biogenic source ozone season day emissions.
Biogenic emissions within the ozone
nonattainment area (metric tons/day)
Pollutant
1993
1996
1999
2002
NOx
10.51
10.3
6.3
Hydrocarbons
46.99
47.23
48.67
41.7
–Paraffin
19.17
19.65
18.9
–Olefins
2.43
2.49
2.6
–Aldehyde
6.61
6.76
3.9
–Isoprene
19.03
19.77
16.2

The modeled biogenic emissions vary over time due to changes in land use and emission factors.
The 1993 modeled biogenic emissions used the MAG 1990 land-use database. The 1996 and
1999 modeled biogenic emissions used the MAG 1995 land-use database and the 2002 modeled
biogenic emissions used the MAG 2000 land-use database and the BELD3 land-use database.
The agricultural emission factors were updated each year based on available crop reports and for
2002, the residential emission factor was adjusted as described above.

6.8

References

Arizona Agricultural Statistics Service, 2003. 2002 Arizona Agricultural Statistics. July 2003.
Maricopa County Environmental Quality & Community Services Agency, 1993. 1990 Base
Year Ozone Emission Inventory, final submittal. July 1993.
Maricopa County Environmental Services Department, 1996. 1993 Periodic Ozone Emission
Inventory. November 1996.
Maricopa County Environmental Services Department, 1999. 1996 Periodic Ozone Emission
Inventory. October 1999.
Maricopa County Environmental Services Department, 2001. 1999 Periodic Ozone Emission
Inventory. November 2001, Revised August 2002.
Sonoma Technology, Inc., 1996. Improvements to the Biogenic Emission Estimation Process for
Maricopa County. draft final report STI-95160-1577-DFR. May 1996.
US Department of Agriculture, 1999. 1997 Census of Agriculture. AC-A-51. Issued March
1999.
US EPA, 1991. User’s Guide to the Personal Computer Version of the Biogenic Emissions
Inventory System (PC-BEIS), Version 2.0. EPA-450/4-91-017. July 1991.
US EPA, 1997. Urban Airshed Model (UAM) Biogenic Emission Inventory System Version 2
(BEIS-2) User’s Guide. final report, EPA contract no. 68-D3-0034. September 30, 1997.

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