2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Pima County Department of Environmental Quality 33 North Stone, Suite 700 Tucson, Arizona 85701 AQ 378 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Pima County Board of Supervisors Ann Day Ramón Valadez Sharon Bronson Raymond Carroll Richard Elías Pima County Administrator Charles H. Huckelberry Pima County Department of Environmental Quality Ursula Kramer Director Richard Grimaldi Deputy Director Air Quality Technical Operations Wayne Byrd Program Manager Data Collection Group Ted Gould, Supervisor Jim McDonnell, Principal Instrumentation Technician Mark Rogers, Instrumentation & Control Specialist Data Management Group Tom Coffin, Supervisor Deborah Jentoft, Air Quality Analyst Quality Assurance Group Mike Draper, Program Coordinator TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION National Core (NCore) Multi-pollutant Monitoring Station Initiation........2 Network improvements and anticipated modifications...…………………3 II. BACKGROUND Regional Evaluation……………………………………………………… 4 Average Daily Traffic (ADT)……………………………………………. 4 Local Geography and Meteorology……………………………………… 4 Definition of Monitoring objective, site types and spatial scales…………6 Eastern Pima County, Tucson air planning area map……………………..8 III. MONITORING SITES SUMMARY AND MAP Active particulate monitoring sites for 2010………………………………9 Active gaseous monitoring sites for 2010………………………………...10 PDEQ Ambient Air Monitoring site location map………………………..11 Monitoring network descriptive summary tables 2010….………………..12 IV. CURRENT MONITORING NETWORK EVALUATIONS……………………...16 LIST OF FIGURES / TABLES FIGURES 1. Eastern Pima County, Tucson Air Planning Area map……………………… 8 2. PDEQ Ambient Air monitoring site location map….…………………………11 TABLES 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. Relationship between Monitoring site type and spatial scale represented……………………………………………………………….….. 7 Active particulate monitoring sites for 2010………………………………… 9 Active gaseous monitoring sites for 2010……………………………………. 10 Monitoring Network Descriptive Summary Tables…………………………...12 2010 PM10 Design Criteria…………………………………………………… 16 PM10 Precision and Accuracy Summary Table………………………………. 17 2010 PM2.5 Design Criteria…………………………………………………… 36 PM2.5 Precision and Accuracy Summary Table………………………………. 37 2010 Carbon Monoxide Design Criteria …………………………………….. 52 CO Audit Dates 2010……….…………………………………………….. 53 2010 Ozone Design Criteria………………………………………………… 64 Ozone Audit Dates 2010……………………………………………………… 65 2010 Nitrogen Dioxide Design Criteria……………………………………… 82 Nitrogen Dioxide Audit Dates 2010…………………………………………. 82 2010 Sulfur Dioxide Design Criteria………………………………………… 87 Sulfur Dioxide Audit Dates 2010……………………………………………...87 I. INTRODUCTION 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan This document constitutes the 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan for the Pima County air monitoring network. The Pima County Department of Environmental Quality (PDEQ) has prepared this document to be submitted to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Region IX. The purpose of the Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan is to determine if the network is achieving the air monitoring objectives specified in 40 CFR Part 58 Appendix D, which mandate adherence to certain number, type and location requirements of monitoring sites and specific site criteria such as monitoring inlet height. The review should also determine if modifications should be made to the network (e.g. through the termination or relocation of unnecessary stations or addition of new stations). In addition, the review is necessary in order to ensure that the residents of Pima County are provided adequate, representative and useful air quality data, and to provide adequate protection to public health. The designated ambient air pollutants that are monitored and reported by PDEQ are carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 micrometers or less in size (PM10) and particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less in size (PM2.5). This pollutant data is submitted to the EPA Air Quality System (AQS) database for determination of compliance with National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). This report contains statistical data summaries for the 2010 calendar year and provides a site by site assessment of the monitoring network with respect to EPA site criteria. Pima County monitoring network includes both State or Local Air Monitoring Stations (SLAMS) and Special Purpose monitors (SP). SLAMS monitors comprise the required network monitors that are used for NAAQS comparisons and follow the monitoring objectives listed on page 6. SP monitors are used to conduct special purpose studies and to enhance the network coverage of air quality monitoring data. National Core (NCore) Multi-pollutant Monitoring Station Initiation In October 2006 the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued final amendments to the ambient air monitoring regulations for criteria pollutants. These amendments are codified in 40 CFR parts 53 and 58. The purpose of the amendments was to enhance ambient air quality monitoring to better serve current and future air quality needs. One of the most significant changes in the regulations was the requirement to establish National Core (NCore) multi-pollutant monitoring stations. These stations will provide data on several pollutants at lower detection limits and replace the National Air Monitoring Station (NAMS) networks that have existed for several years. In 2007, EPA provided funding to the Pima County Department of Environmental Quality (PDEQ) to begin the process of establishing an NCore station in Pima County. After evaluating the existing network, historical data, census data, meteorology, and topography the decision was made to locate the NCore site at the existing Children’s Park monitoring site. 2 Procurement of required instrumentation, support equipment and a new, larger shelter was initiated in early 2008. The shelter was delivered and installed in June, and all the existing instrumentation was transferred to the new shelter to continue monitoring while the new NCore trace level instrumentation was installed and tested throughout the remainder of 2008 and 2009. The site was formally approved by EPA in October, 2009, the remaining required particulate monitors were installed and tested in 2010, and the first NCore data set was submitted to EPA for the fourth quarter of 2010, three months ahead of the required start date of January 1, 2011. To qualify the site under NCore designation, high sensitivity Carbon Monoxide, Sulfur Dioxide, and Total Reactive Oxides of Nitrogen (NOy) gas analyzers and a PM 2.5 beta gauge were installed in the shelter. The existing ozone and NOx analyzers were retained, and a relative humidity sensor was installed. Manual method PMcoarse (PM10-2.5 ), and co-located lead monitors were installed at the site alongside the existing PM 2.5 and speciation monitors. Schedule of EPA’s review of criteria pollutants in 2009- 2011: Primary SO2 NAAQS - final ruling August 23, 2010; Schedule under development Primary NO2 NAAQS - final ruling April 12, 2010: Schedule under development O3 NAAQS- reconsideration proposal December, 2009; final ruling anticipated July 2011. Secondary NO2 and SO2 NAAQS- proposal July 12, 2011 Primary CO NAAQS – proposal due October, 2010; final ruling anticipated August 12, 2011. Particulate Matter NAAQS- proposal in 2011 PDEQ made the following network modifications in 2010: ♦ Installed a PM2.5 continuous Particulate Matter monitor and Relative Humidity sensor at the Children’s Park NCore site. ♦ Began submitting monitor data to EPA from the Children’s Park NCore site, 4th Quarter. ♦ Reporting SO2 and SO2 5-minute data from the Children’s Park NCore site. ♦ Closed Broadway and Swan PM10 special purpose monitor due to the loss of roof space for the monitor. The site was closed, October 31, 2010. ♦ Install a Lead monitor and a collocated Lead monitor at the Children’s Park NCore location with the intention to begin monitoring in January of 2012. PDEQ’s anticipated modifications to network in 2011: ♦ Begin reporting data from PM2.5 continuous Particulate Matter monitor and Relative Humidity sensor at the Children’s Park NCore site. ♦ Install digital data acquisition loggers at the 22nd and Craycroft and the 22nd and Alvernon sites. ♦ Install a dilution calibration system at the 22nd and Alvernon site to facilitate CO one - point precision check concentrations contained in 40CFR58 App. A, Section 3.2.1 ♦ Begin CO and NO2 one - point precision checks conforming to 40CFR58 App. A, Section 3.2.1 at the 22nd and Craycroft site. 3 II. BACKGROUND Pima County Air Quality Control District met all the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) in 2010. Concentrations of the criteria pollutants have been stable over the past few years with ozone and particulate matter (PM10) being the major concern for Pima County. Ozone has been very close to the standard, often within 95% of the standard. EPA has just lowered the standard further, bringing Pima County within 99% of the NAAQS. Particulate Matter (PM10) levels are elevated during drought conditions and high winds which have caused exceedances of the NAAQS in previous years. Regional Evaluation In order to evaluate existing and proposed monitoring stations and their stated objectives, regional information is used. The regional information consists of the most current values for population, major urban developments and directions of growth, traffic and highway data, major industries and aerial photographs showing topography. Population (census tract) data can act as a guide in evaluation of the representativeness of a site for determining population exposure. The initial 2010 census shows Pima County population at 980,263 and the city of Tucson population at 520,116 . Figure 1 on page 8 illustrates the Eastern Pima County Tucson Air Planning Area. The various incorporated areas and other agency lands are shown, as well as the named mountain peaks that define the planning area for Eastern Pima County, which includes the Tucson Metropolitan area. Average Daily Traffic (ADT) Traffic data is necessary for site evaluations since a large portion of air pollutants in the Tucson basin are caused by vehicular traffic. Traffic volumes and density maps are used in evaluating the monitoring network. This data is routinely compiled and used by local transportation and planning agencies. An analysis of the most current traffic data indicates that the network continues to meet the requirements for the monitoring site type and corresponding spatial scales as initially established. The Average Daily Traffic (ADT) numbers are 24 - hour, two - way volume of averaged weekday traffic. Updated ADT numbers were not available for years 2008 and 2009. The 2010 data will be available after this report is printed in July 2011. Latitude and Longitude Latitude and Longitude data is also provided for the monitoring sites using Datum WGS84 AZ Central in Decimal.Degrees. Local Geography and Meteorology Tucson, Arizona is a major metropolitan area situated in the Santa Cruz river valley, which is encompassed by the Sonoran Desert at an elevation between 2300 and 2800 feet. Basin and range topography characterizes the region with rugged mountain ranges encircling the valley floor with mountain peak elevations in excess of 9000 feet, thus delineating the Tucson Air Planning Area. The flat or gently rolling valley terrain slopes from the higher south and southeast toward the lower northwest following the Santa Cruz river drainage. 4 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan The climate of Tucson is characterized by a hot season normally starting in April and ending in October, and a generally mild winter. Maximum daily temperatures from May through September are usually above 90 degrees Fahrenheit. The average rainfall is around eleven inches per year. Tucson International Airport records show an average of 240 clear days a year (days with less than 50% total cloud cover). The remaining periods include the winter prefrontal situations more common in the north and the prolonged seasons of convective summer storms. Wind velocity and direction changes, associated with the large scale pressure systems, frequently result in localized dust storms. The mountain-valley circulation, along with surface heating during the day and radiational cooling at night, create a predominantly southeast to northwest wind path in the basin. Airflows generally tend to be downvalley (from the southeast) at night and early morning hours, reversing to the upvalley direction (from the northwest) during the day. These downvalley / upvalley flows are strongly influenced by localized upslope / downslope terrain. The normal upvalley airflow is from the northwest, and parallels the Santa Cruz River, but decays well before sunset. This is followed by an hour of light, erratic flows which turn into the downvalley flow from the southeast, and reach their maximum and stabilized speed in four to six hours. The air temperature drops steadily during this interval until the sun rises. The downvalley direction continues for two to five hours past sunrise and then transforms into a short calm period prior to the change to upvalley flows. The southeasterly “monsoon” regime that occurs primarily in the months of July and August is a large scale synoptic feature with considerable yearly variation both in intensity and timing. At the Tucson International Airport, the winds become strong, gusty and southeasterly with high relative humidity, cloud cover and frequent thunderstorms. The mountain – valley circulation tends to be suppressed during this time period. Atmospheric temperature inversions occur almost daily in the Tucson air basin. During the winter months these inversions may become severe with particulate and other pollutants becoming concentrated, remaining near the ground level causing haze. When the sun sets, the ground and surface air cools faster than the air several hundred feet above the surface. Since air temperature normally decreases with increasing altitude, the warm and cool layers are reversed or “inverted”, hence the name ‘temperature inversion’. These temperature inversions are usually strongest on cold, clear winter nights, where there is an absence of cloud cover. Consequently, the inversions “lock” the pollutants near the surface. As the sun causes the cool air layer close to the ground to warm up, vertical mixing and horizontal transport disperse the air pollutants. In the early evening, the low level air inversion begins to form again and often coincides with the evening traffic rush hour. 5 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Definition of Monitoring Objectives, Site Types and Spatial Scales The Pima County ambient air monitoring network is designed to meet three basic monitoring objectives. These objectives listed in Appendix D, 1.1 of 40 CFR 58 are: ♦ To provide in a timely matter air pollution data to the general public; ♦ To comply with ambient air quality protocols and standards in order for data to be used for comparison to the NAAQS; ♦ To support research studies. The monitoring stations which comprise the Pima County network are designed to meet at least one of six basic monitoring site types. As listed in Appendix D, 1.1.1 of 40 CFR 58, the site types: ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ Determine the area of highest concentrations expected to occur in the network; Determine representative concentrations in areas of high population density; Determine the impact on ambient pollution levels of significant sources or source categories; Determine general background concentration levels; Determine the extent of regional pollution transport among populated areas; Determine the welfare – related impact in more rural and remote areas. The link between general monitoring objectives, site types and the geographical location of a monitoring station is defined as the spatial scale of representativeness, and the relationship is indicated in Table 1 (next page). The goal of each station is to represent a specific air parcel throughout which actual pollution concentrations are reasonably homogeneous. The spatial scales are defined in Appendix D, 1.2 of 40 CFR 58 as follows: ♦ Microscale defines concentrations in air volumes associated with area dimensions from 1 meter to 100 meters; ♦ Middle Scale defines concentrations typical of areas from 100 meters to 500 meters; ♦ Neighborhood Scale defines concentrations typical of areas with dimensions in the 0.5 to 4.0 kilometer range; ♦ Urban Scale defines the overall, city – wide conditions with dimensions in the 4 to 50 kilometer range; ♦ Regional Scale usually defines a rural area with dimensions as much as hundreds of kilometers; ♦ National and Global Scales represent concentrations which characterize nations and the globe as a whole (Pima County does not employ stations under this category). 6 Table 1 Monitoring Site Types Highest Concentration Population Source Impact General / Background Regional Transport Welfare-Related Impacts Appropriate Spatial Scales Micro, Middle, Neighborhood, sometimes Urban Neighborhood, Urban Micro, Middle, Neighborhood Urban, Regional Urban, Regional Urban, Regional 7 III. PIMA COUNTY AIR QUALITY MONITORING NETWORK SUMMARY TABLES AND MAP 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Map # Pollutant 4 PM10 5 Site Name 2498 N. Geronimo Geronimo PM10 1601 S. 6th Ave. South Tucson 6 PM10 1016 W. Prince Rd. Prince Road 7 PM10 4625 E. Broadway Blvd. Broadway & Swan 8 PM10 22000 S. Houghton Rd. Corona de Tucson 9 PM10 6910 S. Santa Clara Ave. Santa Clara School 10 PM10 PM2.5 601 N. La Canada Dr. Green Valley PM2.5 400 W. River Rd. PM2.5 3401 W. Orange Grove Rd. Children’s Park NCore Orange Grove 12101 N. Camino de Oeste Tangerine 11 12 PM10 13 PM10 PM2.5 Active Particulate Monitoring Sites for 2010 Table 2 Address 14 PM2.5 710 W. Michigan Rose Elementary 15 PM2.5 9597 N. Coachline Blvd. Coachline PM2.5 as studies require Mobile 2 PM10 Map located on Page 11 9 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Active Gaseous Pollutant Monitoring Sites for 2010 Table 3 Pollutant Address Site Name Map # 2 CO 3 CO 10 11 O3 SO2 O3 CO O3 SO2 NO2 1237 S. Beverly Ave. 22nd & Craycroft 3895 E. 22nd St. 22nd & Alvernon 601 N. La Canada Dr. Green Valley NO2 400 W. River Rd. Children’s Park NCore 13 O3 12101 N. Camino de Oeste Tangerine 14 O3 710 W. Michigan Rose Elementary 15 O3 9597 N. Coachline Blvd. Coachline 2745 N. Cherry Ave. Cherry & Glenn 16 CO 17 O3 11330 S. Houghton Rd. Fairgrounds 18 O3 3905 S. Old Spanish Trail 2601 S. Kolb Rd. Saguaro National Park, East Golf Links & Kolb as studies require Mobile 1 & 2 23 CO CO O3 Map located on page 11 10 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Summary Table Table 4 CARBON MONOXIDE - PIMA COUNTY MONITORING NETWORK SITE NAME AND LOCATION SITE ID (a) PARAMETER (b) 22ND & CRAYCROFT 004-019-1011 42101 CLASSIFICATION (c) DATES (d) SLAMS Jul-73 004-019-1014 42101 SLAMS 004-019-1028 42101 400 W. RIVER ROAD CHERRY & GLENN SPATIAL SCALE (h) SMPL FREQ (i) POC (j) MONITORING SITE TYPE (h) 54 2582 4.1 NEIGHBORHOOD CONTINUOUS 1 POPULATION EXPOSURE Mar-75 54 2516 3.4 MICROSCALE CONTINUOUS 1 HIGHEST CONCENTRATION 054 /554 2286 4.25 NEIGHBORHOOD CONTINUOUS 1 POPULATION EXPOSURE 54 2400 4.9 NEIGHBORHOOD Cont/Seasonal 1 POPULATION EXPOSURE 1 HIGHEST CONCENTRATION PRESENT 3895 E.22ND STREET CHILDREN'S PARK NCore ELEV. SMPL FEET (f) HEIGHT (M) (g) PRESENT 1237 S. BEVERLY AVE. 22ND & ALVERNON METHOD (e) 004-019-1021 42101 SP Oct-98 NCore PRESENT SP Feb-89 PRESENT 2745 N. CHERRY AVE. Jan. 1 – March 31 Oct. 1- Dec. 31 GOLF LINKS & KOLB 004-019-1031 42101 SP Sept-02 093/054 2661 3 MICROSCALE PRESENT 2601 SOUTH KOLB Cont/Seasonal Jan. 1 – March31 Oct. 1- Dec. 31 NITROGEN DIOXIDE - PIMA COUNTY MONITORING NETWORK SITE NAME AND LOCATION SITE ID (a) PARAMETER (b) 22ND & CRAYCROFT 004-019-1011 42602 CLASSIFICATION (c) DATES (d) SLAMS Jan-73 400 W. RIVER ROAD ELEV. SMPL SPATIAL FEET (f) HEIGHT SCALE (h) (M) (g) SMPL FREQ (i) POC (j) MONITORING SITE TYPE (h) 74 2582 4.1 NEIGHBORHOOD CONTINUOUS 1 POPULATION EXPOSURE 099 2286 4.25 URBAN 1 HIGHEST CONCENTRATION PRESENT 1237 S. BEVERLY AVE. CHILDREN'S PARK NCore METHOD (e) 004-019-1028 42602 SP May-98 NCore PRESENT Key located on page 15 12 CONTINUOUS 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Summary Table SULFUR DIOXIDE -PIMA COUNTY MONITORING NETWORK SITE NAME AND LOCATION SITE ID (a) PARAMETER CLASSI(b) FICATION (c) DATES (d) 22ND & CRAYCROFT 004-019-1011 Jul-73 42401 SLAMS SPATIAL SCALE (h) SMPL FREQ (i) POC (j) MONITORING SITE TYPE (h) 60 2582 4.1 NEIGHBORHOOD CONTINUOUS 1 POPULATION EXPOSURE 560 2286 4.25 NEIGHBORHOOD CONTINUOUS 1 POPULATION EXPOSURE PRESENT 1237 S. BEVERLY AVE. CHILDREN'S PARK NCore METHOD (e)ELEV. SMPL FEET (f) HEIGHT (M) (g) 004-019-1028 42401 NCore Oct-10 PRESENT 400 W. RIVER ROAD OZONE -PIMA COUNTY MONITORING NETWORK SITE NAME AND LOCATION SITE ID (a) PARAMETER CLASSI(b) FICATION (c) 22ND & CRAYCROFT 004-019-1011 44201 SLAMS 004-019-1030 44201 SP 004-019-1028 44201 SLAMS NCore 004-019-1018 44201 SP 004-019-1032 44201 SP 004-019-1034 44201 SP 004-019-1020 44201 SP 3905 S. OLD SPANISH TRAIL 4.1 NEIGHBORHOOD CONTINUOUS 1 POPULATION EXPOSURE July-03 047 2910 3.1 NEIGHBORHOOD CONTINUOUS 1 POPULATION EXPOSURE Sep-97 047 2286 4.25 URBAN CONTINUOUS 1 POPULATION EXPOSURE Oct-89 047 2638 3.75 URBAN CONTINUOUS 1 HIGHEST CONCENTRATION July-03 087 2387 4.1 NEIGHBORHOOD CONTINUOUS 1 POPULATION EXPOSURE July-03 087 2110 3.1 NEIGHBORHOOD CONTINUOUS 1 POPULATION EXPOSURE Oct-89 047 3078 3.6 URBAN CONTINUOUS 1 NATURAL BACKGROUND 047 3089 4.1 NEIGHBORHOOD CONTINUOUS 1 HIGHEST CONCENTRATION PRESENT 11330 S. HOUGHTON RD. SAGUARO NATIONAL PARK 2582 PRESENT 9597 N. COACHLINE BLVD FAIRGROUNDS 087 PRESENT 710 W. MICHIGAN COACHLINE POC (j) MONITORING SITE TYPE (h) PRESENT 12101 N. CAMINO DE OESTE ROSE ELEMENTARY SMPL FREQ (i) PRESENT 400 W. RIVER ROAD TANGERINE SPATIAL SCALE (h) PRESENT 601 N. LA CANADA DR. CHILDREN'S PARK NCore Jul-73 METHOD (e)ELEV. SMPL FEET (f) HEIGHT (M) (g) PRESENT 1237 S. BEVERLY AVE. GREEN VALLEY DATES (d) 004-019-0021 44201 SLAMS Jun-82 PRESENT Key located on page 15 13 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Summary Table PM10- PIMA COUNTY MONITORING NETWORK SITE NAME AND LOCATION SITE ID (a) GERONIMO 04-019-1113 PARAMETER (b) 81102 CLASSI- DATES (d) FICATION (c) SP 04-019-1001 81102 SLAMS 04-019-1009 81102 SLAMS 04-019-1023 81102 SP 04-019-0008 81102 SLAMS 04-019-1026 81102 SP 04-019-1030 81102 SP 04-019-0011 81102 SLAMS 12101 N. CAMINO DE OESTE POPULATION EXPOSURE Sep-88 127 2420 6.9 NEIGHBORHOOD 1 DAY 1 POPULATION EXPOSURE collocated every 6 day Jul-87 126 2315 4.6 MICROSCALE 6 DAY 1 SOURCE IMPACT 126 2532 8.8 NEIGHBORHOOD 6 DAY 1 SOURCE IMPACT 126 3078 2.1 REGIONAL 6 DAY 1 BACKGROUND 126 2540 6.45 NEIGHBORHOOD 6 DAY 1 POPULATION EXPOSURE 122/079 2910 4.8 NEIGHBORHOOD CONTINUOUS 1 POPULATION EXPOSURE 127 2234 2.65 NEIGHBORHOOD 1 DAY 2 HIGHEST CONCENTRATION 1 BACKGROUND Jun-90 Mar-87 Jul-94 Feb-01 Jan-85 PRESENT 3401 W. ORANGE GROVE RD. TANGERINE 1 PRESENT 601 N. LA CANADA DR. ORANGE GROVE NEIGHBORHOOD CONTINUOUS PRESENT 6910 S. SANTA CLARA AVE. GREEN VALLEY 4.6 PRESENT 22000 S. HOUGHTON RD. SANTA CLARA 2452 Closed Oct. 31-10 4625 E. BROADWAY BLVD CORONA DE TUCSON POC (j) MONITORING SITE TYPE (h) PRESENT 1016 W. PRINCE RD. BROADWAY/SWAN SMPL FREQ (i) 079 PRESENT 1601 S. 6TH AVE. PRINCE ROAD June- 07 SPATIAL SCALE (h) PRESENT 2498 N. GERONIMO SOUTH TUCSON METHOD (e) ELEV. SMPL FEET (f) HEIGHT (M) (g) 04-019-1018 81102 SP collocated every 6 day Jan-94 126 PRESENT Key located on page 15 14 2638 4 .5 URBAN 6 DAY 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Summary Table PM2.5- PIMA COUNTY MONITORING NETWORK SITE NAME AND LOCATION SITE ID (a) GERONIMO 004-019-1113 PARAMETER (b) 88501 CLASSI- DATES (d) METHOD (e) ELEV. SMPL FICATION FEET (f) HEIGHT (c) (M) (g) SPATIAL SCALE (h) SP July-03 SMPL FREQ (i) POC (j) MONITORING SITE TYPE (h) 731 2452 4.6 NEIGHBORHOOD CONTINUOUS 3 POPULATION EXPOSURE 731 2910 4.8 NEIGHBORHOOD CONTINUOUS 3 POPULATION EXPOSURE 118 2286 3.1 NEIGHBORHOOD 3 DAY 1 POPULATION EXPOSURE PRESENT 2498 N. GERONIMO 004-019-1030 GREEN VALLEY 88501 SP 601 N. LA CANADA DR. CHILDREN'S PARK NCore July-03 PRESENT 004-019-1028 88101 SLAMS Jan-99 PRESENT 400 W. RIVER ROAD CHILDREN'S PARK NCore 004-019-1028 88502 SP SPECIATION 400 W. RIVER ROAD 004-019-0011 ORANGE GROVE 88101 SLAMS Feb-02 810 2286 3.0 3 DAY 5 POPULATION EXPOSURE 118 2234 2.65 NEIGHBORHOOD 3 DAY 1 POPULATION EXPOSURE 731 2387 4.9 NEIGHBORHOOD CONTINUOUS 3 POPULATION EXPOSURE 731 2100 4.9 NEIGHBORHOOD CONTINUOUS 3 POPULATION EXPOSURE PRESENT Jan-99 PRESENT 3401 W. ORANGE GROVE RD. 004-019-1032 ROSE ELEMENTARY collocated every 12 day 88501 SP July-03 PRESENT 710 W. MICHIGAN 004-019-1034 COACHLINE 9597 N. COACHLINE BLVD Key: 88501 SP July-03 PRESENT a - Site ID - site identification code used in the AQS database b - Parameter - code used in the AQS database to describe the pollutant monitored c - Classification – described on page 2 d - Dates - dates sampling began and ended e - Method - code used in the AQS database indicating the type of instrument used f - Elev. feet - site elevation in feet g - SPL (M) Height - sample inlet height in meters, specific height range required for uniform collection h - Spatial Scale and Monitoring site type - described on page 6 i - SMPL Freq - frequency of sampling days j - POC - parameter occurrence code used to distinguish between two or more instruments measuring the same parameter at the same time Information provided based on EPA'S 2010 Air Quality System (AQS) data. 15 IV. CURRENT MONITORING NETWORK EVALUATIONS PM10 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan The PDEQ PM10 network consists of nine monitoring sites in eastern Pima County, Arizona. The 2010 network used several different types of PM10 samplers: R& P Partisol 2000, R& P Partisol-Plus 2025 Sequential, and TEOM 1400. The Broadway/ Swan monitor was closed November 3, 2010 because roof space was no longer available. 40 CFR 58, app. D, 4.6 Particulate matter (PM10) design criteria, provided guidance in determining the minimum number of required PM10 SLAMS sites for 2010. Population Pima County 2010 Census 980,263 MSA Tucson Population Category 500,000 – 1,000,000 2010 PM10 Design Criteria Table 5 Design Value PM10 Monitors (2008-2010) # Required PM10 Monitors # Operating 117µg/m3 * Requires 2-4 SLAMS monitors No requirement for SP *Upon EPA’s concurrence with Exceptional Events 4 SLAMS monitors 5 SP monitors Violation History The PM10 24 hour standard remains at 150 µg/m3. Since the promulgation of the PM10 standard, July 31, 1987, exceedances of the 24 hour standard have been recorded at monitoring sites in the PDEQ PM10 network. The Orange Grove site recorded two exceedances of the NAAQS during the 4th quarter of 1988 and the Downtown site recorded three during the 2nd quarter of 1989 (Downtown site was discontinued, September 1999). In 1999, the PM10 standard was violated with four recorded exceedances at the Orange Grove location and two exceedances at the South Tucson location. Subsequently, the monitoring schedules for the Orange Grove and South Tucson locations have been changed from every six day sampling to every day sampling, as indicated in 40 CFR 50, app. K and 40 CFR 58.13. In 2002 and 2003 there were a total of two exceedances at the Orange Grove location and two exceedances at the South Tucson location. These exceedances do not constitute a violation of the standard. In 2008, there was one exceedance of the standard at the Santa Clara site, which is in the process of an Exceptional Event designation dependant on approval from EPA. In 2009 there was one exceedance at the Orange Grove, South Tucson and Geronimo locations on July 22nd, these exceedances may also be considered as an Exceptional Event dependant on approval from EPA. Quality Assurance for Particulate Matter PM10 All data quality assessment requirements, as outlined in 40 CFR 58, app. A, have been met for 2010. The precision of PM10 data is derived from the co-located PM10 samplers at the South Tucson and Orange Grove sites; the difference in concentration between the two samplers running side-by-side is used to calculate the precision of the data. At the end of each calendar quarter, a combined precision probability interval for monitors is calculated by EPA. 16 PM10 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan The accuracy of PM10 sampling is assessed by auditing the flow rate of at least 25% of the samplers each calendar quarter, such that each sampler is audited at least once per year. The difference in the flow rate between the audit flow measurement and the flow indicated by the sampler is used to calculate accuracy. A combined accuracy probability interval is calculated for PM10 along with separate probability limits for each audit concentration level for automated analyzers, and reported to EPA quarterly. Protocol Flow rate verification Flow Rate Audit Flow rate verification Flow Rate Audit NPAP Audit Table 6 Frequency Date Completed 2010 Weekly Instrument Met One BAM 1020 R&P TEOM 1400 Met One BAM Quarterly 1020 R& P Partisol 2000, Monthly R& P Partisol-Plus 2025 Sequential R& P Partisol 2000, Quarterly R& P Partisol-Plus 2025 Sequential Green Valley 03/09, 06/15, 09/20, 12/13 Geronimo 03/30, 06/30, 09/22, 12/14 Broadway & Swan 03/17, 06/22, 09/24, 10/28 Corona de Tucson 03/17, 06/22, 09/24, 11/30 Santa Clara 03/25, 06/15, 09/20, 12/14 Prince Road 03/12, 06/30, 09/22, 12/14 Tangerine 03/12, 06/16, 09/21, 12/15 South Tucson 03/12, 06/30, 09/21, 12/13 South Tucson (co-located) 03/12, 06/30, 09/21, 12/13 Orange Grove 03/12, 06/16, 09/20, 12/15 Orange Grove (co-located) 03/12, 06/16, 09/20, 12/15 None for 2010 Particulate Matter Weigh Lab Pima County Department of Environmental Quality operates a filter weigh lab for the processing of Pima County’s PM10 and PM2.5 network filters, excluding PM2.5 speciation filters. This weigh lab follows all requirements set forth in Appendix L of 40 CFR 50. 17 PM10 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Site Name GREEN VALLEY AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of daily observations Annual arithmetic mean Number /dates of 24-hour standard exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description 040191030 601 N. La Canada Drive, Green Valley, AZ 31.87952 / -110.996440 2910 079 1 Thermo Scientific TEOM 1400AB Population Exposure Special Purpose Neighborhood 364 14.5 µg/m3 Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Distance between collocated monitors/ collocated monitor type Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E Every day 4.25 meters above the ground of the Pima County Government Center. Dirt, sparse desert vegetation 360 This site is situated in a residential / commercial area. Open pit copper mines and tailings ponds are located four kilometers to the west of the community. n/a n/a n/a 7.0 meters n/a n/a 1 2 100 meters west of La Canada /2006 ADT of 15,200 0.5 kilometers west of Interstate 19 /2006 ADT of 30,000 Yes 18 PM10 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan GREEN VALLEY: AIRS # 040191030 Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 150 µg/m3 24- Hour Average. 2nd 3rd 4th Annual Year 1st Average Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Average Average Average Average 2010 13 18 15 15 14.5 24-Hour Max. Value 57 24-Hour 2nd Max. Value 32 Comments: This site is fifty kilometers south of Downtown Tucson in the retirement community of Green Valley. PM10 monitoring commenced in September 1989 at the established TSP site there. ASARCO and Freeport-McMoRan operate several open pit mines and tailings ponds just west of the community. The monitoring objective is to monitor the population exposure to this potentially significant source of airborne particulates. The monitor was relocated in February 2001, approximately 1 kilometer north of the original Esperanza site, to the Pima County Government Center at 601 N. La Canada Drive. The new site is considered a continuation of the original site. PM10 levels were below the health standards in the years 1989 through 2010. 19 PM10 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Site Name CORONA de TUCSON AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of daily observations Annual arithmetic mean Number /dates of 24-hour standard exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Distance between collocated monitors/ collocated monitor type Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT 040190008 22001 S. Houghton Road, Tucson, AZ 32.00474 / -110.79260 3078 126 1 R&P 2000 Determine natural desert (background) concentrations SLAMS Regional 59 13.1 µg/m3 Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E Yes Every sixth day 2.1 meters Gravel within enclosure; dirt, sparse desert vegetation surrounding 360 This site is situated in an undisturbed natural desert area. n/a n/a 5.0 meters 23.4 meters n/a n/a 1 1.6 kilometers west of Houghton Road with a 2006 ADT of 8,000. 2 20 PM10 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan CORONA de TUCSON: AIRS # 040190008 Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 150 µg/m3 24- Hour Average. 2nd 3rd 4th Annual Year 1st Average Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Average Average Average Average 10 16 14 13 13.1 2010 24-Hour Max. Value 31 24-Hour 2nd Max. Value 29 Comments: This site is the only regional scale monitor in the network. PM10 sampling was started here in September 1988, in conjunction with existing total suspended particulates (TSP) sampling. This site exhibits the lowest network concentrations. TSP sampling was discontinued in May 1989. Hi - Vol sampling for PM10 was substituted with dichotomous sampling during the last quarter of 1989 in support of the state sponsored Tucson PM10 Source Apportionment Study. Hi - Vol PM10 sampling resumed in January 1990. Low -Vol PM10 R& P 2000 sampling began in March, 2006. 21 PM10 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Site Name: ORANGE GROVE AQS code Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of daily observations Annual arithmetic mean Number /dates of 24-hour standard exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances 040190011 3401 W. Orange Grove Road, Tucson, AZ 32.32255 / -111.037700 2234 127 2 R&P 2025 Sequential Highest Concentration SLAMS Neighborhood 364 22.6 µg/m3 Sampling frequency The sampling frequency started out with every other day sampling. It was changed to daily after the exceedance in July 1985. The sampling frequency remained as daily until the end of 1986. Every other day sampling was resumed until the two exceedances were recorded in the fourth quarter 1988. Every day sampling was immediately initiated and continued until April 1991 when every other day sampling was resumed. The site was placed on every sixth day sampling in October 1993. The exceedances of the NAAQS in 1999 commenced everyday sampling on September 9, 1999. Probe height Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description 2.65 meters above the ground in a city water well site Gravel in fenced compound, dirt road shoulders, weeds 270 This site is situated in a residential area with light commerce and industry. There is an asphalt batch plant with a large gravel pit less than three kilometers to the west of the site in the Santa Cruz River bed area. n/a n/a 21.9 meters 19.2 meters n/a Every day ; reported every 6th day/ R& P 2025 Sequential Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Collocated Monitor Reporting Frequency / Type Exceedances of the 24 – hour standard: two in 1988, four in 1999, one in 2002, one in 2003, one in 2009 22 PM10 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan ORANGE GROVE: AIRS # 040190011 Site Name: ORANGE GROVE Continued Distance between collocated monitors Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E 1.2 meters 1 37 meters west of Camino de la Tierra and 70 meters south of Orange Grove Road with a 2007 ADT of 22,000 2 2 kilometers east of Interstate 10 with a 2006 ADT of 105,000 Yes Annual summary statistics: NAAQS:150 µg/m3 24- Hour Average. 2nd 3rd 4th Annual Year 1st Average Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Average Average Average Average 21 25 18 26 22.6 2010 24-Hour Max. Value 64 24-Hour 2nd Max. Value 57 Comments: Established in February 1985, this site is the oldest of the PM10 monitoring sites in the network. Orange Grove was chosen as the initial PM10 monitoring site and the design value site for Group II in the Tucson air planning area based on historically high TSP data. This neighborhood scale site is located near the confluence of the Santa Cruz, Rillito, and Canada del Oro Rivers in the Tucson Valley. This site is situated near the freeway and railway tracks, and in the vicinity of major construction projects, therefore high PM10 values are expected here. Dichotomous sampling was started at this site in July of 1993. The dichotomous ran in co-location with a HI-VOL- SA/1200 model from 1993 to 1996. The site was converted to dichotomous only operations on October 1, 1996 continuing until December 1998. HiVol sampling resumed in January 1999, but was replaced with co-located low volume sequential samplers in 2004. 23 PM10 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Site Name: SOUTH TUCSON AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring objective Classification Scale Number of daily observations Annual arithmetic mean Number /dates of 24-hour standard exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances 040191001 1601 S. 6th Avenue, South Tucson, AZ 32.20195 / -110.967900 2420 127 2 R&P 2025 Sequential Population Exposure SLAMS Neighborhood 365 26.1 µg/m3 Sampling frequency Probe height Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Collocated Monitor Reporting Frequency / Type Distance between collocated monitors Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E Exceedances of the 24 – hour standard: two in 1999; two in 2002; one in 2009 The exceedances of the NAAQS in 1999 commenced everyday sampling on June 23, 1999. 6.9 meters above the ground on the roof of the South Tucson Governmental Complex Building. Roof, gravel and desert landscaping surrounding building 360 This site is situated in a dense residential / commercial area. There are numerous unpaved alleys and lots in the vicinity. n/a n/a n/a 6.7 meters n/a Every day; reported every 6th day/ R&P 2025 Sequential 1.7 meters 41 meters east of South 6th Avenue with a 2005 ADT of 21,000 1 south of 22nd Street with a 2004 ADT of 34,000 2 Yes 24 PM10 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan SOUTH TUCSON: AIRS # 040191001 Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 150 µg/m3 24- Hour Average. 2nd 3rd 4th Annual Year 1st Average Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Average Average Average Average 24 30 21 30 26.1 2010 24-Hour Max. Value 79 24-Hour 2nd Max. Value 66 Comments: From January 1985 to September 1988 this site approached or exceeded TSP standards. PM10 sampling began here in September 1988. On March 8, 1993, the samplers were relocated from the original site to the new South Tucson Governmental Complex, which is less than two blocks north and across S. 6th Avenue. Levels at this location are representative of area - wide emissions patterns with high population exposure. The annual means for 1989 through 1999 were below the health standard. The 24 hour NAAQS was exceeded twice in 1999 and 2002. Two co-located PM10 samplers have been operational at this site from June 1991 to June 1999. Co-location of the PM10 samplers was discontinued when a third sampler was added and everyday sampling began on June 23, 1999. In March, 2004, the Hi Vol samplers were replaced with co-located Low –Vol sequential samplers. 25 PM10 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Site Name PRINCE ROAD AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of daily observations Annual arithmetic mean Number /dates of 24-hour standard exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height 040191009 1016 W. Prince Road, Tucson, AZ 32.272300 / -110.989100 2315 126 1 R&P 2000 Source Impact SLAMS Microscale 61 30.1 µg/m3 0 Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Distance between collocated monitors/ collocated monitor type Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E Every sixth day 4.6 meters above the ground on the roof of a small commercial building. Roof, paved parking lots street surrounding building 360 This site is situated in a dense residential / commercial area. Numerous unpaved alleys and lots are in the vicinity. n/a n/a n/a 19.8 meters n/a n/a 1 14.1 meters north of Prince Road with a 2007 ADT of 24,000 2 Yes Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 150 µg/m3 24- Hour Average. 2nd 3rd 4th Annual Year 1st Average Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Average Average Average Average 2010 30 33 23 34 30.1 26 24-Hour Max. Value 72 24-Hour 2nd Max. Value 58 PM10 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan PRINCE ROAD: AIRS # 040191009 Comments: This site is located in a homogenous, dense, residential / commercial area in north central Tucson. PM10 sampling began here in August 1987. The site is representative of a neighborhood scale in the north central region of the air planning area where particulate levels are generally higher due to the low altitude and the prevailing southeasterly winds. The annual standard was exceeded in 1989. Power problems within the building resulted in an unusually low data recovery during the fourth quarter of 1990. Data recovery was again compromised by power problems in the 1st and 3rd quarters of 1997 and by damage to the sampler due to a storm in July, 2005. In March, 2006, the Hi -Vol sampler was replaced with a Low –Vol PM10 R& P 2000 sampler. 27 PM10 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Site Name BROADWAY & SWAN AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of daily observations Annual arithmetic mean Number /dates of 24-hour standard exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height 040191023 4625 E. Broadway Boulevard, Tucson, AZ 32.222100 / -110.893800 2532 126 1 R&P 2000 Source Impact Special Purpose Neighborhood 51 18.7 µg/m3 0 Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Distance between collocated monitors/ collocated monitor type Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 2nd Year 1st Quarter Quarter Average Average 2010 17 23 Every sixth day This sampler inlet is 8.8 meters above the ground on the roof of the office building at 4625 E. Broadway Blvd Roof, paved parking lots and streets surrounding building 360 This site is situated in a dense residential / commercial area n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 41 meters north of East Broadway Boulevard with a 2004 ADT of 49,500 2 114 meters west of Swan Road with a 2004 ADT of 42,500 Yes 1 150 µg/m3 24- Hour Average. 3rd 4th Annual Average Quarter Quarter Average Average 18 17* 18.7 * based on limited number of samples. Site closed October 31, 2010. 28 24-Hour Max. Value 33 24-Hour 2nd Max. Value 33 PM10 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan BROADWAY & SWAN: AIRS # 040191023 Comments: In August of 1990 this site was relocated from an adjacent building. In May 2006, the colocated sampler was retired and the Hi-Vol sampler was replaced with a Low-Vol R&P 2000 sampler. The site was closed October 31, 2010 because roof space was no longer available. 29 PM10 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Site Name SANTA CLARA SCHOOL AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of daily observations Annual arithmetic mean Number /dates of 24-hour standard exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height 040191026 6910 S. Santa Clara Avenue, Tucson, AZ 32.125950 / -110.982600 2540 126 1 R&P 2000 Population Exposure Special Purpose Neighborhood 61 22.4 µg/m3 0 Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Distance betweencollocated monitors/ collocated monitor type Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E Exceedances of the 24 – hour standard: One on 10/27/2008 Every sixth day 6.45 meters above the ground on the roof of the Santa Clara Elementary School. Roof, paved parking lots and streets, grass playground 360 This site is situated in a Southwest Tucson residential district. n/a 25.6 meters n/a 23.9 meters n/a n/a 1 450 meters east of Interstate 19 with a 2006 ADT of 60,000 2 800 meters south of Valencia Road with a 2005 ADT of 51,600 Yes Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 150 µg/m3 24-Hour Average. 2nd 3rd 4th Annual Year 1st Average Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Average Average Average Average 2010 18 27 20 25 22.4 30 24-Hour Max. Value 56 24-Hour 2nd Max. Value 50 PM10 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan SANTA CLARA SCHOOL: AIRS # 040191026 Comments: This site is located south of Interstate 10 and east of Interstate 19 and provides a representative neighborhood scale site on Tucson’s south side. Being near the fringe of the city limits, this site should track transport values that develop with a southerly wind from a combination of desert, agricultural land, and silt flood plain that is found on the Tohono O’Odham Indian Reservation (San Xavier district) 500 meters south of the site. The Hi- Vol sampler was replaced in April, 2006, with a Low- Vol sampler. 31 PM10 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Site Name TANGERINE AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of daily observations Annual arithmetic mean Number /dates of 24-hour standard exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height 040191018 12101 N. Camino de Oeste, Tucson, AZ 32.425250 / -111.063500 2638 126 1 R&P 2000 Background Special Purpose Urban 59 16.2 µg/m3 0 Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Distance between collocated monitors/ collocated monitor type Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E Every sixth day 4.5 meters above the ground on a shelter on Tucson’s far northwest side Dirt, sparse desert vegetation 360 This site has been situated in a relatively undisturbed natural desert area for most of it’s existence, but residential development in recent years have been built to within 2 kilometers to the northwest, and low density residential developments are encroaching from the south, east and north to within 3 kilometers to 5 kilometers. n/a n/a n/a 6.4 meters n/a n/a 1 Tangerine Road runs approximately east – west 70 meters south of the site with a 2005 ADT of 8,000 2 Yes 32 PM10 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan TANGERINE: AIRS # 040191018 Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 150 µg/m3 24- Hour Average. 2nd 3rd 4th Annual Year 1st Average Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Average Average Average Average 11 19 15 19 16.2 2010 24-Hour Max. Value 58 24-Hour 2nd Max. Value 35 Comments: The primary objective of this site is to assess background concentrations and to assess transport impact from outlying sources during exceptional wind events. As part of the urban haze/ visibility study, dichotomous samplers were installed at this site in July 1993. PM10 data from these samplers was used to supplement the existing PM10 network from October 1996 to December 1998, when the dichotomous samplers were relocated and a Hi-Vol sampler was installed to continue PM10 monitoring. In 2005, the Hi-Vol PM10 sampler was replaced with a Low –Vol R& P 2000 sampler. 33 PM10 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Site Name GERONIMO AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of daily observations Annual arithmetic mean Number /dates of 24-hour standard exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description 040191113 2498 N. Geronimo Tucson, AZ 32.251840 / -110.965300 2452 079 1 R & P TEOM Special Purpose Population Exposure Neighborhood 364 25.0 µg/m3 One exceedance on 7/22/2009 Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Distance between collocated monitors/ collocated monitor type Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT Every day; Hourly 4.6m Dirt, dead shrubs, unpaved road shoulders 360 This site is situated in a residential area in a City of Tucson water well site. n/a n/a n/a 9.3 meters n/a n/a 1 one block south of Grant Road (2006 ADT 43,000) 2 three blocks east of Stone Avenue (2007 ADT 24,700) Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 2nd Year 1st Quarter Quarter Average Average 23 28 2010 150 µg/m3 24- Hour Average. 3rd 4th Annual Average Quarter Quarter Average Average 21 31 25.0 34 24-Hour Max. Value 67 24-Hour 2nd Max. Value 66 PM10 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan GERONIMO: AIRS # 040191113 Comments: This monitor was initially installed in July 1, 2007 for Air Quality Index reporting using a continuous monitor. This is a Special Purpose site situated in a residential area, monitoring for population exposure. 35 PM2.5 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan The PDEQ PM2.5 network consists of six monitoring sites in eastern Pima County, Arizona. 40 CFR 58.20, app. D. 4.7 PM2.5 design criteria, provided guidance on the required number of SLAMS monitors. Two SLAMS Federal Reference Method (FRM) monitors were initiated in January, 1999 at the Orange Grove and Children’s Park sites. In addition to two SLAMS monitors, Pima County has four Special Purpose hourly monitors. Population Pima County 2010 Census 980,263 MSA Tucson Population Category 500,000 – 1,000,000 2010 PM2.5 Design Criteria Table 7 PM2.5 Monitors Daily Annual Design Design # Required Value Value 5.4 µg/m3 12 µg/m3 <85% of NAAQS <85% of NAAQS Requires 1 SLAMS Monitor No requirement for SP PM2.5 Monitors # Operating 2 SLAMS Monitors 4 SP Monitors General Statement regarding changes to the PM2.5 network: PDEQ does not have any violating monitors or proposals to move or change any monitors at this time. In the event of changes to the PM2.5 network or violating monitors, PDEQ would detail all information and present it to the public for comment and would forward all comments and information to EPA for approval. After approval, PDEQ would then initiate any changes. The SLAMS FRM monitors are filter-based low-volume samplers that collect a sample for 24 hours on a 1 in 3 day cycle. A co-located sampler at the Children’s Park NCore site runs on a 1 in 12 day cycle for precision assessment. Continuous PM2.5 monitoring was initiated in May, 2000 at the Green Valley site using Beta Mass Attenuation and a sharp-cut cyclone downstream of the PM10 inlet to achieve the 2.5 cut-point, allowing only the fine particulates to pass on to the sample collection substrate. This installation was a pilot project and was followed by similar installations at the Rose Elementary and Coachline monitoring sites. All three sites were a part of the EMPACT project (Environmental Monitoring for Public Access and Community Tracking), designed to provide near real-time data to the public via the internet and PDEQ web pages. A fourth monitor was added at the Geronimo site to provide fine particulate data for AQI reporting. The Met One BAM 1020 monitors provide automatic concentration measurement on an hourly basis, and output the reading to the site data logger, which is then polled every hour, and the data posted on the PDEQ website. The data obtained by both FRM and continuous PM2.5 monitors in Tucson are submitted quarterly to the EPA’s Air Quality System (AQS) database. Pima County Department of Environmental Quality operates a filter weigh lab for the processing of Pima County’s PM10 and PM2.5 network filters, excluding PM2.5 speciation filters. This weigh lab follows all requirements set forth in 40 CFR 50, App. L. 36 The PM2.5 Chemical Speciation Trends Network was established by EPA in 1999 to determine the chemical speciation of fine particulates. PM2.5 speciation monitoring began in Pima County at the Children’s Park location in February, 2002. The samples are analyzed for total mass, forty eight elements, cations, nitrate, sulfate, organic and elemental carbon. Analysis and reporting is completed by RTI International. Summary PM2.5 data for 2010 is included in this report. Violation History The PM2.5 standards (effective December 17, 2006): the annual PM2.5 standard is met when the three year average of the spatially averaged annual mean is less than or equal to 15ug/m3 and the 24 hour standard is met when the three year average of the 98th percentile value at each site is less than or equal to 35ug/m3. No exceedances of the annual or 24 - hour NAAQS were recorded in Tucson in 2010. Quality Assurance for Particulate Matter PM2.5 All data quality assessment requirements as outlined in 40 CFR 58, app. A have been met in 2010, and include both internal and EPA PEP audits, and the co-located sampler at the Children’s Park NCore site. The accuracy of PM2.5 sampling is assessed by auditing the flow rate each calendar quarter. The difference in the flow rate between the audit flow measurement and the flow indicated by the sampler is used to calculate accuracy. A combined accuracy probability interval is calculated for PM2.5 along with separate probability limits for each audit concentration level for automated analyzers. Pima County reports the results of all valid precision and accuracy tests on a quarterly basis to the Air Quality System (AQS) database. Table 8 Protocol Flow rate verification Flow Rate Audit Instrument Met One BAM 1020 Frequency Weekly Date Completed 2010 Met One BAM 1020 Quarterly Green Valley 03/09, 06/15, 09/20, 12/13 Geronimo 03/30, 06/30, 09/22, 12/14 Rose Elementary 03/09, 06/15, 09/20, 12/13 Coachline 03/12, 06/16, 09/21, 12/15 Flow rate verification R& P Partisol-Plus 2025 Sequential R & P 2000 R& P Partisol-Plus 2025 Sequential R& P 2000 (Co- located) Met One SASS (Speciation) URG – 3000N (Speciation) Monthly Flow Rate Audit NPAP Audit Quarterly Orange Grove 03/12, 06/16, 09/20, 12/15 Children’s Park 03/10, 06/16, 09/21, 12/14 Children’s Park (Co-located) 03/10, 06/16, 09/21, 12/14 Children’s Park (Speciation, SASS) 03/10, 06/16, 09/21, 12/14 Children’s Park (Speciation,URG) 03/17, 09/21, 12/14 None 37 PM2.5 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Site Name ORANGE GROVE AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of daily observations Annual arithmetic mean Number /dates of 24-hour standard exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description 040190011 4301 West Orange Grove Road, Tucson, AZ 32.322550 / -111.037700 2234 118 1 R&P Partisol-Plus 2025 Population Exposure SLAMS Neighborhood 117 5.16 µg/m3 0 Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Distance between collocated monitors/ collocated monitor type Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT Every three days sampling 2.65 meters above the ground in a city water well site Gravel in fenced compound, dirt road shoulders, weeds 270 This site is situated in a residential area with light commerce and industry. There is an asphalt batch plant with a large gravel pit less than three kilometers to the west of the site in the Santa Cruz River bed area. n/a n/a 18.6 meters 20.3 meters n/a n/a 1 2 Suitable for comparison to NAAQS: Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E 37 meters west of Camino de la Tierra and 70 meters south of Orange Grove Road with a 2007 ADT of 22,000 2 kilometers east of Interstate 10 with a 2006 ADT of 105,000 Yes 38 PM2.5 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan ORANGE GROVE: AIRS # 040190011 Comments: PM2.5 sampling began at this neighborhood scale site in January, 1999. It is located near the confluence of the Santa Cruz, Rillito and Canada del Oro Rivers in the Tucson Valley, toward the northwest end of the air planning area. The site is situated near a freeway and railroad tracks. Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 15 µg/m3 Annual Average, 35 µg/m3 24 Hour Average. Year 2010 Highest 24 Hr Value 15.7 2nd Highest Value 13.3 3rd Highest Value 10.1 39 4th Highest Value 10.1 98th % Value 10.1 Annual Average 5.16 PM2.5 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Site Name CHILDREN’S PARK NCore AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of daily observations Annual arithmetic mean Number /dates of 24-hour standard exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height 040191028 400 W. River Road, Tucson, AZ 32.295150 / -110.982300 2286 118 2 R& P Partisol-Plus 2025 Population Exposure SLAMS Neighborhood 120 5.02 µg/m3 0 Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Collocated Monitor Reporting Frequency / Type Distance between collocated monitors Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT Suitable for comparison to NAAQS: Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E Every three days 3.1 meters above the ground on a platform located in a city water well site. Gravel in walled compound, dirt parking lot, dry river bed 360 This site is located at the confluence of the Rillito River and Pima Wash, a natural low spot in the local topography. Single - family residences and a popular county park with exercise trails extend to the north, northwest, and west, respectively. Heavy commercial usage dominates to the south and east, including large shopping malls and automobile dealerships. n/a n/a 13.1 meters 8.0 meters n/a Every twelve days / R&P 2000 1.2 meters 1 Arizona State Route 77 runs north - south 0.5 kilometers to the east, providing six lanes of heavily used arterial routing with a 2006 ADT of 52,000. 2 River Road runs east – west 0.5 kilometers to the north, with a 2006 ADT of 34,400. Yes Yes 40 PM2.5 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan CHILDREN’S PARK NCore: AIRS # 040191028 Comments: PM2.5 sampling began at this neighborhood scale site in January, 1999. Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 15 µg/m3 Annual Average, 35 µg/m3 24 Hour Average. Year 2010 Highest 24 Hr Value 13.5 2nd Highest Value 13.2 3rd Highest Value 11.5 41 4th Highest Value 9.0 98th % Value Annual Average 11.5 5.02 PM2.5 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Site Name ROSE ELEMENTARY AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of daily observations Annual arithmetic mean Number /dates of 24-hour standard exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height 040191032 710 W. Michigan, Tucson, AZ 32.172950 / -110.980050 2387 731 1 Met-One Beta Attenuation 1020 Population Exposure Special Purpose Neighborhood 8679 5.43 µg/m3 0 Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Distance between collocated monitors/ collocated monitor type Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT Suitable for comparison to NAAQS: Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E 0 Continuous 4.9 meters above the ground on the roof of a shelter located on the grounds of Rose Elementary School Grass playground 360 The site is located in a residential neighborhood with light commercial enterprises. The Santa Cruz River, with several sand and gravel operations, parallels the interstate one kilometer to the west. n/a n/a n/a 11.8 meters n/a n/a 1 2 12th Avenue to the east with a 2006 ADT of 21,000 Ajo Way to the north with a 2006 ADT of 31,100 Interstate 19 runs north-south half a kilometer to the west with a 2006 ADT 83,800 No Yes 42 PM2.5 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan ROSE ELEMENTARY: AIRS # 040191032 Comments: This monitor was initially installed in October of 2000 as part of the Environmental Monitoring for Public Access and Community Tracking (EMPACT) program. This area was identified as having higher than normal number of pediatric asthma cases. Pima County began reporting the PM2.5 data to EPA July, 2003. Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 15 µg/m3 Annual Average, 35 µg/m3 24 Hour Average. Year 2010 Highest 24 Hr Value 22 2nd Highest Value 14 3rd Highest Value 12 43 4th Highest Value 12 98th % Value Annual Average 11 5.38 PM2.5 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Site Name COACHLINE AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of daily observations Annual arithmetic mean Number /dates of 24-hour standard exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height 040191034 9597 N. Coachline, Tucson, AZ 32.380820 / -111.127160 2228 731 1 Met-One Beta Attenuation 1020 Population Exposure Special Purpose Neighborhood 8703 5.16 µg/m3 0 Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Distance between collocated monitors/ collocated monitor type Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT 0 Continuous 4.9 meters above the ground on a shelter on Tucson’s far northwest side Dirt within walled compound, residential neighborhood 270 The site is situated in a residential neighborhood. The normally dry Santa Cruz River runs northwest between the Interstate and the neighborhood and contributes to airborne dust through previous deposition of fine clay soils throughout the floodplain. This area has previously been used for farming and ranching, and sand and gravel operations are still in operation five to ten kilometers upstream to the southwest. Considerable new construction of roads, homes and businesses throughout this burgeoning area exacerbate entrainment of the fine soils. n/a n/a 9.41 meters 3.0 meters n/a n/a 1 2 Suitable for comparison to NAAQS: Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E approximately 1.25 kilometers west of Interstate 10 with a 2006 ADT of 49,000 .5 kilometer north of Silverbell Road 2006 ADT of 27,900 No Yes 44 PM2.5 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan COACHLINE: AIRS # 040191034 Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 15 µg/m3 Annual Average, 35 µg/m3 24 Hour Average. Year 2010 Highest 24 Hr Value 18 2nd Highest Value 17 3rd Highest Value 15 4th Highest Value 13 98th % Value Annual Average 11 5.12 Comments: This monitor was initially installed in March of 2001 as part of the Environmental Monitoring for Public Access and Community Tracking (EMPACT) program. This area was identified as having higher than normal number of pediatric asthma cases. Pima County began reporting the PM2.5 data to EPA July, 2003. 45 PM2.5 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Site Name GREEN VALLEY AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of daily observations Annual arithmetic mean Number /dates of 24-hour standard exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description 040191030 601 N. La Canada Drive, Green Valley, AZ 31.87952 / -110.996440 2638 731 1 Met-One Beta Attenuation 1020 Population Exposure Special Purpose Neighborhood 8625 3.86 µg/m3 0 Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Distance between collocated monitors/ collocated monitor type Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT Suitable for comparison to NAAQS: Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E 0 Continuous 4.8 meters above the ground on a shelter Dirt, sparse desert vegetation 360 This site is situated in a residential / commercial area. Open pit copper mines and tailings ponds are located four kilometers to the west of the community. n/a n/a n/a 7.5 meters n/a n/a 1 2 100 meters west of La Canada (2006 ADT of 15,200) 0.5 kilometers west of Interstate 19 (2006 ADT of 30,000) No Yes 46 PM2.5 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan GREEN VALLEY: AIRS # 040191030 Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 15 µg/m3 Annual Average, 35 µg/m3 24 Hour Average. Year 2010 Highest 24 Hr Value 10 2nd Highest Value 9 3rd Highest Value 9 4th Highest Value 9 98th % Value 8 Annual Average 3.81 Comments: This site is fifty kilometers south of Downtown Tucson in the retirement community of Green Valley. This monitor was initially installed in May of 2000 as part of the Environmental Monitoring for Public Access and Community Tracking (EMPACT) program. Pima County began reporting the PM2.5 data to EPA July, 2003. 47 PM2.5 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Site Name GERONIMO AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of daily observations Annual arithmetic mean Number /dates of 24-hour standard exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description 040191113 2498 N. Geronimo, Tucson, AZ 32.251840 / -110.965300 2452 731 1 Met-One Beta Attenuation 1020 Population Exposure Special Purpose Neighborhood 8580 9.57 µg/m3 Continuous 4.6 meters Dirt, dead shrubs, unpaved road shoulder 360 This site is situated in a residential area in a City of Tucson water well site. n/a n/a n/a 9.4 meters n/a n/a Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Distance between collocated monitors/ collocated monitor type Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT 1 2 Suitable for comparison to NAAQS: Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E No Yes one block south of Grant Road (2006 ADT 43,000) and three blocks east of Stone Avenue (2007 ADT 24,700) Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 15 µg/m3 Annual Average, 35 µg/m3 24 Hour Average. Year 2010 Highest 24 Hr Value 29 2nd Highest Value 21 3rd Highest Value 19 48 4th Highest Value 18 98th % Value 16 Annual Average 9.52 PM2.5 MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan GERONIMO: AIRS # 040191113 Comments: This monitor was initially installed in July of 2001 for Air Quality Index reporting using a continuous monitor. Pima County began reporting the PM2.5 data to EPA July, 2003. This is a Special Purpose site situated in a residential area, monitoring for population exposure. 49 Site Name PM2.5 SPECIATION 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan CHILDREN’S PARK NCore (Speciation) AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Analyzing & Reporting Org Collecting Org Number of daily observations Annual arithmetic mean Number /dates of 24-hour standard exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Distance between collocated monitors/ collocated monitor type Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT 040191028 POC 5 400 W. River Road, Tucson, AZ 32.295150 / -110.982300 2286 810 1 Met One SASS with URG 3000N Population Exposure Special Purpose PM2.5 Speciation RTP Pima County Department of Environmental Quality 59 4.90 µg/m3 Every 6th day 3 meters above the ground on a platform located in a city water well site. This site is located at the confluence of the Rillito River and Pima Wash, a natural low spot in the local topography. Single - family residences and a popular county park with exercise trails extend to the north, northwest, and west, respectively. Heavy commercial usage dominates to the south and east, including large shopping malls and automobile dealerships. 270 Gravel in walled compound, dirt parking lot, dry river bed n/a n/a SASS 15.8 meters SASS 5.2 meters n/a n/a 1 2 Suitable for comparison to NAAQS: Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E Arizona State Route 77 runs north - south 0.5 kilometers to the east, providing six lanes of heavily used arterial routing with a 2005 ADT of 49,900. River Road runs east – west 0.5 kilometers to the north, with a 2006 ADT of 34,400. No Yes 50 PM2.5 SPECIATION 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 15 µg/m3 Annual Average, 35 µg/m3 24 Hour Average. 2nd 3rd 4th Annual Year Highest Average 24 Hr Highest Highest Highest Value Value Value Value 2010 14 10 9 8 4.90 51 CARBON MONOXIDE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Motor vehicles are the primary source of carbon monoxide (CO) in the Tucson area. Data and reports from the Arizona Department of Transportation (MVD) show that there were 933,618 vehicles registered in Pima County in 2010 compared with 585,636 in 2000. In spite of increased vehicular traffic, CO levels have dropped considerably since the county began monitoring in 1973. The dramatic decrease can primarily be contributed to the progress made by automobile manufacturers in meeting federally mandated tailpipe emissions standards and to the state vehicle inspection / maintenance programs. Carbon Monoxide is monitored at five locations throughout the Pima County air quality control district. The revised requirements for Carbon Monoxide 40 CFR 58, app. D, 4.2 state that there is no minimum number of CO monitoring sites required. Pima County is operating under the auspices of the CO Limited Maintenance Plan (LMP) and has maintained the same number of sites in order to meet and exceed the requirements of the LMP. Population Pima County 2010 Census 980,263 2010 CO Design Criteria Table 9 CO Monitors 1- Hour MSA Design Value # Required Tucson 2009-2010 Population Category 500,000 – 1,000,000 2.5 ppm No Specific Requirement CO Monitors # Operating 2 SLAMS Monitors 3 SP Monitors Violation History No exceedances of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for CO were recorded in Tucson in 1989 through 2009. In January 1988, the eight - hour health standard of nine parts per million was exceeded once at two monitoring sites on the same day. The last exceedance of the eight - hour standard prior to 1988 occurred in December 1986 at a special purpose microscale location (Broadway / Craycroft). Pima County’s status for CO was reclassified to attainment with the implementation of a Limited Maintenance Plan on April 25, 2000 by the EPA. The Carbon Monoxide Limited Maintenance Plan was developed in conjunction with Pima Association of Governments and approved by EPA to help mitigate any future violations. The plan allows for additional mobile monitoring of CO at high volume intersections, and a microscale site located at Golf Links & Kolb was established, September, 2002. 52 Quality Assurance for Carbon Monoxide All data quality assessment requirements as outlined in 40 CFR 58, app. A, have been met in 2010. The precision of SLAMS automated analyzers is based on one-point precision checks conducted every two weeks, when each analyzer is challenged by a known concentration of a check gas. For CO the concentrations are between 8.0 and 10.0 ppm. The requirements include annual audits performed in-house for accuracy. Three levels are reported of the four audit point levels that are used for CO. The audit levels are: level two at .900 -2.99 ppm, level three at 3.0-7.99 ppm, level four at 8.0-15.99 ppm and level five at 16.0-30.99 ppm. All valid precision and accuracy tests are reported to the Air Quality System (AQS) database on a quarterly basis. Table 10 Carbon Monoxide Audit Dates 2010 Craycroft & 22nd St. 06/23, 12/01 Children’s Park 03/10, 09/15 Cherry & Glenn ; Seasonal 03/31, 12/23 Alvernon & 22nd St. 03/17, 09/24 Golf Links & Kolb ; Seasonal 03/31, 12/23 NPAPCarbon Monoxide TTP Audit Dates 2010 None 53 CARBON MONOXIDE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Site Name 22ND STREET & CRAYCROFT AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of hourly observations Number of exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height 040191011 1237 S. Beverly Avenue, Tucson, AZ 32.204420 / -110.878150 2582 054 1 Instrumental non-dispersive infrared Population Exposure SLAMS Neighborhood 8714 Probe material / Residence time Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description Continuous 4.1 meters above the ground on the roof of a shelter located in a city water well site. FEP Teflon / 2.5 seconds Dirt, ephemeral weeds 360 This site is situated in a predominately residential eastside area with commercial activity lining nearby arterial routes. There is a large covered water reservoir north of the location. n/a n/a n/a 22.0 meters n/a n/a Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Distance between collocated monitors/ collocated monitor type Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT 1 260 meters west is Craycroft Road with 2006 ADT of 33,800 2 260 meters north is 22nd Street with a 2004 ADT of 52,400 Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E Yes Comments: This site is one of the oldest in the monitoring network, originally established in 1973, and has operated continuously to the present. \ 54 CARBON MONOXIDE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan 22ND STREET & CRAYCROFT: AIRS # 040191011 Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 35ppm 1-Hour Average, 9ppm 8- Hour Average One – hour average concentrations Highest ppm Date Hour 2.0 12/3 1900 Second Highest 1.7 11/19 1900 Eight – hour average concentrations Highest ppm Date Hour 1.1 12/03 2100 Second Highest 0.9 12/01 2200 55 CARBON MONOXIDE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Site Name 22ND STREET & ALVERNON AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of hourly observations Number of exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height 040191014 3895 E. 22nd Street, Tucson, AZ 32.207390 / -110.910650 2516 054 1 Instrumental non-dispersive infrared Highest Concentration SLAMS Microscale 8642 Probe material / Residence time Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Distance between collocated monitors/ collocated monitor type Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E Years: 1975 - 1986 and 1988 Continuous 3.4 meters above the ground attached to a wall near 22nd Street at a Tucson Water well site FEP Teflon / 19.4 seconds Gravel in walled compound, paved streets and sidewalks 270 This site is situated in a commercial area near a high traffic count intersection. A large regional park is located to the northwest of the site. n/a n/a 2.0 meters 3.0 meters n/a n/a 1 60 meters west of Alvernon Way with a 2004 ADT of 36,900 2 10 meters north of 22nd Street with a 2006 ADT of 44,800 Yes Comments: The site was relocated in October, 2001 to a Tucson Water well site 50 meters west of the original location. The move was necessitated by an intersection improvement project and anticipated construction on the northwest corner. The shelter was moved again in January, 2004, to a different corner within the well site, and the probe was attached to a wall in virtually the same location as before the shelter was moved, so airflow from the intersection would remain unrestricted. 22nd & Alvernon continues to measure the highest CO concentrations in the network. The prevailing morning- hour southeasterly winds usually disperse CO generated in the intersection. During stagnant conditions, 56 CARBON MONOXIDE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan especially during the winter inversion formation, CO generated in the intersection has a longer residence time. Although population exposure is limited at this location, 22nd & Alvernon is representative of worstcase intersections in Tucson. This site has been operating continuously since 1975. No exceedances of the eight-hour health standard were recorded in 1989 through 2010. 22ND STREET & ALVERNON: AIRS # 040191014 Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 35ppm 1-Hour Average, 9ppm 8- Hour Average One – hour average concentrations Highest ppm Date Hour 2.5 12/3 1900 Second Highest 2.5 12/14 1800 Eight – hour average concentrations Highest ppm Date Hour 1.1 12/02 2400 Second Highest 1.1 1204 2400 57 CARBON MONOXIDE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Site Name CHERRY & GLENN AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of hourly observations 040191021 2745 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 32.25658 / -110.948650 2400 054 1 Instrumental non-dispersive infrared Population Exposure Special Purpose Neighborhood 4081; Seasonal monitor operation from Jan 1- March 31 and Oct.1 – Dec. 31 Number of exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height Probe material / Residence time Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Distance between collocated monitors/ collocated monitor type Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E Continuous 4.9 meters above the ground on a shelter in a city water well site. FEP Teflon / 2.7 seconds Gravel in fenced compound, paved parking lot, streets 360 This site is located in a predominately residential neighborhood, approximately 0.8 km northwest of a high traffic count intersection. Directly south and west of the site is a private High School enrolling approximately 1200 students. n/a n/a n/a 8.7 meters n/a n/a 1 0.8 kilometers north of Grant Road with a 2006 ADT of 41,400 2 0.5 kilometers west of Campbell Avenue with a 2006 ADT of 39,800. Yes Comments: Cherry & Glenn was established as a special purpose site in February 1989, in order to assess the CO levels at a distance (less than 1 kilometer) from a typical high-volume intersection. This site has historically recorded very low levels of CO during the summer months. Consequently, in 2001, seasonal monitoring began with sampling from October through April. 58 CARBON MONOXIDE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan CHERRY & GLENN: AIRS # 040191021 Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 35ppm 1-Hour Average, 9ppm 8- Hour Average One – hour average concentrations Highest ppm Date Hour 2.1 12/3 2100 Second Highest 2.1 12/14 2100 Eight – hour average concentrations Highest ppm Date Hour 1.4 12/01 0100 Second Highest 1.3 12/02 0200 59 CARBON MONOXIDE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Site Name CHILDREN’S PARK NCore AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of hourly observations Number of exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height Probe material / Residence time Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description 040191028 400 W. River Road, Tucson, AZ 32.295150 / -110.982300 2286 054 / 554 1 Instrumental non-dispersive infrared Population Exposure Special Purpose Neighborhood 8634 Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Distance between collocated monitors/ collocated monitor type Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT Continuous 4.25 meters above the ground on a shelter in a city water well site FEP Teflon/ 3.1 seconds Gravel in walled compound, dirt parking lot, dry river bed 360 This site is located at the confluence of the Rillito River and Pima Wash, a natural low spot in the local topography. Single - family residences and a popular county park with exercise trails extend to the north, northwest, and west, respectively. Heavy commercial usage dominates to the south and east, including large shopping malls and automobile dealerships. n/a n/a n/a 12.8 meters n/a n/a 1 2 Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E State Route 77 runs north – south 0.5 kilometers to the east with a 2006 ADT of 52,000 River Road runs east – west 0.5 kilometers to the north, with a 2006 ADT of 34,400 Yes Comments: This site began monitoring for Carbon Monoxide in October, 1998. 60 CARBON MONOXIDE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan CHILDREN’S PARK NCore: AIRS # 040191028 Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 35ppm 1-Hour Average, 9ppm 8- Hour Average One – hour average concentrations Highest ppm Date Hour 1.2 1/11 0900 Second Highest 1.1 1/11 0800 Eight – hour average concentrations Highest ppm Date Hour 0.8 1/10 0100 Second Highest 0.8 1/11 0900 61 CARBON MONOXIDE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Site Name GOLF LINKS & KOLB AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of hourly observations 040191031 2601 South Kolb Road 32.191180 / -110.840550 2661 093/ 054 1 Instrumental non-dispersive infrared Highest Concentration Special Purpose Microscale 4268 ; Seasonal Monitor operating Jan. 1- April 30 and Oct. 1 – Dec. 31 Number of exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height Probe material / Residence time Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Distance between collocated monitors/ collocated monitor type Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E Continuous 3.0 meters above the ground on a pole located next to Kolb road FEP Teflon / 34.9 seconds Dirt lot and easement, paved street 360 This site is located near the southeast corner of Golf Links and Kolb roads in a City of Tucson water reservoir site. Light commercial enterprises occupy all four corners and separate the intersection from residential neighborhoods. n/a n/a 36.3 meters 2.7 meters n/a n/a 1 100 meters south of Golf Links, with a 2006 ADT of 38,500 2 2 meters east of Kolb Road, with a 2007 ADT of 42,000. Yes Comments: Golf Links & Kolb was established as a special purpose site in September 2002, as part of the Carbon Monoxide Limited Maintenance Plan. Inlet placement qualifies it as a microscale site, and sighting it on the southeastern quarter of the intersection provides an opposite wind direction compliment to the 22/Alvernon site. This site is operated seasonally, from October through March. 62 CARBON MONOXIDE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan GOLF LINKS & KOLB: AIRS # 040191031 Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 35ppm 1-Hour Average, 9ppm 8- Hour Average One – hour average concentrations Highest ppm Date Hour 2.8 12/3 1700 Second Highest 2.3 12/2 1600 Eight – hour average concentrations Highest ppm Date Hour 1.4 12/03 2000 Second Highest 1.2 11/30 2100 63 OZONE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Ozone (O3) is currently being monitored at seven locations in Tucson and one location in Green Valley. EPA has revised the minimum monitoring requirements for ozone. The design criteria for ozone monitoring is described in 40 CFR 58, app. D, Table D-2. 2010 O3 Design Criteria Table 11 Population Pima County 2010 Census 980,263 MSA Tucson Population Category 500,000 – 1,000,000 8- Hour Design Value (2008-2010) O3 Monitors # Required O3 Monitors # Operating .069 ppm Requires 2 SLAMS Monitors No Requirement for SP 3 SLAMS Monitors 5 SP Monitors Violation History On March 12, 2008, EPA strengthened the ground level ozone standard, effective May 27, 2008. The primary standard of 0.08 ppm has been lowered to 0.075 ppm , keeping the form of the standard as the three year average of the fourth –highest daily maximum eight hour average ozone concentration. The secondary standard is identical to the primary standard. While higher maximum one - hour and second high one - hour ozone values tend to be measured near the urban core, the more suburban and rural sites measure higher overall average ozone concentrations. In general the east side (Saguaro National Park East) is the area with the highest average ozone levels. The situation may be caused by the topography of the valley and the way air flows within it. The precursor pollutants are emitted, and in conjunction with sunlight and heat, will form ozone, which is typically transported by air currents to outlying areas. Quality Assurance for Ozone All data quality assessment requirements outlined in 40 CFR 58, app. A, have been met in 2010. The requirements include precision checks every other week with a check gas range between 0.01 and 0.10 ppm with Pima County performing the precision check at 0.075 ppm, representing the highest level we are likely to achieve. The annual internal audits for accuracy are performed with four point check levels at zero, 0.035ppm, 0.065ppm, and 0.085ppm. Pima County maintains an ozone primary standard which is verified for accuracy by the California Air Resources Board in Sacramento. Pima County passed the two NPAP Ozone TTP Audits for Green Valley and Rose Elementary. All valid precision and accuracy tests are reported to the Air Quality System (AQS) database on a quarterly basis. 64 Table 12 Ozone Audit Dates 2010 Craycroft & 22nd St. 06/23, 12/01 Children’s Park 03/10, 09/15 Fairgrounds 05/24, 11/30 Tangerine 03/12, 09/21 Saguaro Park 05/24, 11/30 Coachline 03/12, 09/21 Rose Elementary 06/15, 12/13 Green Valley 06/15, 12/13 NPAP Ozone TTP Audit Dates 2010 Rose Elementary 5/4/2010 Green Valley 5/4/2010 65 OZONE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Site Name SAGUARO PARK EAST AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of hourly observations Number of exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height 040190021 3905 South Old Spanish Trail, Tucson, AZ 32.174520 / -110.737160 3089 047 1 Instrumental ultra violet radiation absorption Highest Concentration SLAMS Neighborhood 8704 Probe material / Residence time Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Distance between collocated monitors/ collocated monitor type Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E Continuous 4.1 meters above the ground in Saguaro National Park East on the roof of a shelter that is one kilometer south of the administration building. FEP Teflon / 3.5 seconds Natural desert 360 This site is situated in the National Park. The nearby light residential area has no significant local sources of ozone precursors. n/a n/a 14.9 meters 8.0 meters n/a n/a 1 2 80 meters east to Old Spanish Trail with a 2006 ADT of 6,200 105 meters south of Escalante with a 2006 ADT of 4,000 Yes Comments: The Saguaro National Park site has been active since 1982. The operation of the site was taken over by the National Park Service in 1987. The Park Service returned operation of the site to Pima County in 1993. Geographically, Saguaro National Park is on the eastern edge of the Tucson metropolitan area. Ozone data from this site has been used to study how the levels of ozone affect natural vegetation. 66 OZONE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan SAGUARO PARK EAST: AIRS # 040190021 Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 0.075 ppm 4th highest 8- Hour Average One – hour average concentrations Highest ppm Date Hour .082 6/15 1500 Second Highest .078 8/6 1500 Eight – hour average concentrations Highest ppm Date .075 06/15 Hour (begin) 1100 Second Highest .073 05/25 1100 Third Highest .070 06/14 1100 Fourth Highest .068 05/10 1100 67 OZONE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Site Name 22ND STREET & CRAYCROFT AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of hourly observations Number /dates of 24-hour standard exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height 040191011 1237 S. Beverly Avenue, Tucson, AZ. 32.204420 / -110878150 2582 087 1 Instrumental ultra violet radiation absorption Population Exposure SLAMS Neighborhood 8737 Probe material / Residence time Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Distance between collocated monitors/ collocated monitor type Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E Continuous 4.1 meters above the ground on the roof of a shelter located in a city water well site. FEP Teflon / 4.3 seconds Dirt, ephemeral weeds 360 This site is situated in a predominately residential eastside area with commercial activity lining nearby arterial routes. There is a large covered water reservoir north of the location. n/a n/a n/a 22.0 meters n/a n/a 1 2 260 meters west is Craycroft Road with 2006 ADT of 33,800 260 meters north is 22nd Street with a 2004 ADT of 52,400 Yes Comments: This site is one of the oldest in the monitoring network, originally established in 1973, and operated continuously to the present. 68 OZONE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan 22ND STREET & CRAYCROFT: AIRS # 040191011 Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 0.075 ppm 4th highest 8- Hour Average One – hour average concentrations Highest ppm Date Hour .076 7/20 1400 Second Highest .075 6/15 1400 Eight – hour average concentrations Highest ppm Date .068 06/15 Hour (begin) 1000 Second Highest .067 05/25 1100 Third Highest .067 08/07 1000 Fourth Highest .066 05/10 1100 69 OZONE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Site Name TANGERINE AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of hourly observations Number /dates of 24-hour standard exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height 040191018 12101 N. Camino de Oeste, Tucson, AZ 32.425250 / -111.063500 2638 047 1 Instrumental ultra violet radiation absorption Highest Concentration Special Purpose Urban 8703 Probe material / Residence time Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Distance between collocated monitors/ collocated monitor type Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E Continuous 3.75 meters above the ground on a shelter on Tucson’s far northwest side. FEP Teflon / 4.2 seconds Dirt, sparse desert vegetation 360 This site has been situated in a relatively undisturbed natural desert area for most of it’s existence, but residential developments in recent years have been built to within 2 kilometers to the north west, and low density residential developments are encroaching from the south, east and north to within 3 kilometers to 5 kilometers. n/a n/a n/a 8.3 meters n/a n/a 1 Tangerine Road runs approximately east - west 70 meters south of the site with a 2005 ADT of 8,000. 2 Yes 70 OZONE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan TANGERINE: AIRS # 040191018 Comments: Tangerine was established in November 1989. Ozone concentrations at this site have been the highest in the network on occasion. This may be due to the prevailing southeasterly winds transporting ozone from the urban area. Concentrations remain high well into the night and early morning. Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 0.075 ppm 4th highest 8- Hour Average One – hour average concentrations Highest ppm Date Hour .076 5/25 1300 Second Highest .076 7/18 1300 Eight – hour average concentrations Highest ppm Date .070 05/25 Hour (begin) 1100 Second Highest .069 05/10 1000 Third Highest .069 06/15 1100 Fourth Highest .069 08/07 1000 71 OZONE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan ` Site Name FAIRGROUNDS AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of hourly observations Number /dates of 24-hour standard exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height 040191020 11330 S. Houghton Road, Tucson, AZ 32.047650 / -110.774350 3078 047 1 Instrumental ultra violet radiation absorption Natural Background Special Purpose Urban 8666 Probe material / Residence time Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description Continuous 3.6 meters above the ground on a shelter on Tucson’s far southeast side FEP Teflon / 3.5 seconds Natural desert vegetation on lag gravel 360 This site is situated in an undisturbed natural desert area to the north and east. The Pima County Fairgrounds and drag strip are located directly southwest of the site. n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Distance between collocated monitors/ collocated monitor type Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT 1 53 meters west of Houghton road with a 2006 ADT of 8,000 2 Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E Yes Comments: Fairgrounds was established in October 1989. Ozone concentrations at this site have been the highest in the network on occasion. This may be due to the afternoon wind shift that takes place almost daily in the Tucson basin. The wind may be transporting urban ozone precursors or stable ozone to the far east end of the Tucson air planning area. 72 OZONE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan FAIRGROUNDS: AIRS # 040191020 Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 0.075 ppm 4th highest 8- Hour Average One – hour average concentrations Highest ppm Date Hour .079 6/14 1600 Second Highest .077 6/15 1400 Eight – hour average concentrations Highest ppm Date .074 06/15 Hour (begin) 1100 Second Highest .072 05/25 1100 Third Highest .072 06/14 1200 Fourth Highest .069 06/13 1000 73 OZONE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Site Name CHILDREN’S PARK NCore AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of hourly observations Number /dates of 24-hour standard exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height 040191028 400 W. River Road, Tucson, AZ 32.295150 / -110.982300 2286 047 1 Instrumental ultra violet radiation absorption Population Exposure SLAMS Urban 8661 Probe material / Residence time Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Distance between collocated monitors/ collocated monitor type Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E Continuous 4.25 meters above the ground on a shelter located in a city water well site. FEP Teflon / 5.3 seconds Gravel in walled compound, dirt parking lot, dry river bed 360 This site is located at the confluence of the Rillito River and Pima Wash, a natural low spot in the local topography. Single - family residences and a popular county park with exercise trails extend to the north, northwest, and west, respectively. Heavy commercial usage dominates to the south and east, including large shopping malls and automobile dealerships. n/a n/a n/a 16.4 meters n/a n/a 1 State Route 77 runs north – south 0.5 kilometers to the east with a 2006 ADT of 52,000 2 River Road runs east – west 0.5 kilometers to the north, with a 2006 ADT of 34,400 Yes 74 OZONE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan CHILDREN’S PARK NCore: AIRS # 040191028 Comments: This site began August of 1997 and is a relocation (1.5 kilometers, northeast) of the Pomona site. This site is representative of a neighborhood scale in the north central region of the air planning area where ozone levels are generally expected to be high due to the low altitude and the prevailing southeasterly winds. Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 0.075 ppm 4th highest 8- Hour Average One – hour average concentrations Highest ppm Date Hour .082 6/15 1300 Second Highest .074 6/14 1500 Eight – hour average concentrations Highest ppm Date .074 06/15 Hour (begin) 1000 Second Highest .070 06/14 1100 Third Highest .067 05/25 1100 Fourth Highest .066 06/13 1000 75 OZONE MONITORING NETWORK Site Name 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan ROSE ELEMENTARY AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of hourly observations Number /dates of 24-hour standard exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height Probe material / Residence time Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Distance between collocated monitors/ collocated monitor type Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E 040191032 710 W. Michigan, Tucson, AZ 32.172950 / -110.980050 2387 087 1 Instrumental ultra violet radiation absorption Population Exposure Special Purpose Neighborhood 8680 Continuous 4.1 meters above the ground on the roof of a shelter located on the grounds of Rose Elementary School. FEP Teflon / 4.6 seconds Grass playground 360 The site is located in a residential neighborhood with light commercial enterprises bordering to the east, and the Santa Cruz River, with several sand and gravel operations, parallels the interstate another half kilometer to the west. n/a n/a n/a 9.4 meters n/a n/a 1 12th Avenue to the east with a 2006 ADT of 21,000 2 Ajo Way to the north with a 2006 ADT of 31,100 3 Interstate 19 runs north-south half a kilometer to the west with a 2006 ADT 80,000 Yes Comments: This site was initially established in October of 2000 as part of the Environmental Monitoring for Public Access and Community Tracking (EMPACT) program. This area was identified as having higher than normal number of pediatric asthma cases. Pima County began reporting the ozone data to EPA July, 2003. 76 OZONE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan ROSE ELEMENTARY: AIRS # 040191032 Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 0.075 ppm 4th highest 8- Hour Average One – hour average concentrations Highest ppm Date Hour .075 6/29 1500 Second Highest .075 5/25 1400 Eight – hour average concentrations Highest ppm Date .069 05/25 Hour (begin) 1100 Second Highest .069 06/15 1000 Third Highest .069 06/29 1100 Fourth Highest .068 05/10 1000 77 OZONE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Site Name COACHLINE AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of hourly observations Number /dates of 24-hour standard exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height 040191034 9597 N. Coachline Blvd. Tucson, AZ 32.380820 / -111.127160 2228 087 1 Instrumental ultra violet radiation absorption Population Exposure Special Purpose Neighborhood 8682 Probe material / Residence time Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Distance between collocated monitors/ collocated monitor type Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT Continuous 3.1 meters above the ground on a shelter on Tucson’s far northwest side FEP Teflon / 4.6 seconds Dirt within walled compound, residential neighborhood 270 The site is situated in a residential neighborhood. n/a n/a 10.73 meters 4.5 meters n/a n/a 1 2 Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E approximately 1.25 kilometers west of Interstate 10 with a 2006 ADT of 49,000 .5 kilometer north of Silverbell Road 2006 ADT of 27,900 Yes Comments: This site was initially established in April of 2001 as part of the Environmental Monitoring for Public Access and Community Tracking (EMPACT) program. This area was identified as having higher than normal number of pediatric asthma cases. Pima County began reporting the ozone data to EPA July, 2003. 78 OZONE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan COACHLINE: AIRS # 040191034 Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 0.075 ppm 4th highest 8- Hour Average One – hour average concentrations Highest ppm Date Hour .072 5/10 1500 Second Highest .070 8/7 1400 Eight – hour average concentrations Highest ppm Date .070 05/10 Hour (begin) 1100 Second Highest .064 05/25 1000 Third Highest .064 08/07 1000 Fourth Highest .063 05/15 1100 79 OZONE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Site Name GREEN VALLEY AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of hourly observations Number /dates of 24-hour standard exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height Probe material / Residence time Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description 040191030 601 N. La Canada Drive 31.87952 / -110.996440 2638 047 1 Instrumental ultra violet radiation absorption Population Exposure Special Purpose Neighborhood 8659 Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Distance between collocated monitors/ collocated monitor type Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E Continuous 3.1 meters above the ground on a shelter FEP Teflon / 3.5 seconds Dirt, sparse desert vegetation 360 This site is situated in a residential / commercial area. Open pit copper mines and tailings ponds are located four kilometers to the west of the community. n/a n/a n/a 8.0 meters n/a n/a 1 2 100 meters west of La Canada (2006 ADT of 15,200) 0.5 kilometers west of Interstate 19 (2006 ADT of 32,000). Yes Comments: This site is fifty kilometers south of Downtown Tucson in the retirement community of Green Valley. This site was initially established in April of 2002 as part of the Environmental Monitoring for Public Access and Community Tracking (EMPACT) program. Pima County began reporting the ozone data to EPA July, 2003. 80 OZONE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan GREEN VALLEY: AIRS # 040191030 Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 0.075 ppm 4th highest 8- Hour Average One – hour average concentrations Highest ppm Date Hour .077 6/15 1600 Second Highest .071 5/10 1400 Eight – hour average concentrations Highest ppm Date .074 06/15 Hour (begin) 0900 Second Highest .069 05/10 1100 Third Highest .068 05/25 0900 Fourth Highest .066 04/07 1300 81 NITROGEN DIOXIDE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is currently measured at two locations in Tucson. The Environmental Protection Agency has revised the NO2 requirements. 40 CFR 58, app. D, 4.3, design criteria states that there are no minimum requirements for the number of NO2 monitoring sites. 2010 NO2 Design Criteria Table 13 Population Pima County 2010 Census 980,263 MSA Tucson Population Category 500,000 – 1,000,000 Annual Design Value 1- Hour Design Value # of Required NO2 Monitors # of NO2 Monitors 11.6 ppb 46.4 ppb No Requirement 1 SLAMS Monitor 1 SP Monitor No Requirement Historical Nitrogen Dioxide Monitoring Nitrogen dioxide levels remain well within federal standards. The Craycroft and 22nd St. monitor has been operational since 1973, measuring typical neighborhood NO2 concentrations. Much of the data has been used in studies measuring the effects of NO2 as a precursor to ozone formation. A NOx analyzer was operating at the Pomona site from 1988 until 1996, when the site was closed. The re-establishment of the site at the Children’s Park location in May, 1998, allows for monitoring on the north side of Tucson and in the lower valley area. A NOx analyzer was operating at the Downtown site until early 1989. From 1995 to December 2001, NOx monitoring was conducted at Saguaro National Park East to establish baseline conditions in a Class I Wilderness Area. Quality Assurance for NO2 All data quality assessment requirements outlined in 40 CFR 58, app. A, have been met for 2010. The requirements include precision checks every other week with a check gas range between 0.08 and 0.10 ppm and annual internal audits for accuracy with three point check levels between 0.008 - 0.019 ppm, 0.02 – 0.049 ppm and 0.05 – 0.099 ppm . All valid precision and accuracy tests are reported to the Air Quality System (AQS) database on a quarterly basis. 2011 precision and accuracy tests will be reported in ppb. Table 14 Nitrogen Dioxide Audit Dates 2010 Craycroft & 22nd St. 06/23, 12/01 Children’s Park 03/10, 09/15 Nitrogen Dioxide TTP Audit Dates 2010 None 82 NITROGEN DIOXIDE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Site Name 22ND STREET & CRAYCROFT AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of hourly observations Annual arithmetic mean Number /dates of 24-hour standard exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height 040191011 1237 S. Beverly Avenue, Tucson, AZ. 32.204420 / -110878150 2582 074 1 Instrumental chemiluminescence Population Exposure SLAMS Neighborhood 8688 11.6 ppb Probe material / Residence time Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Distance between collocated monitors/ collocated monitor type Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E Continuous 4.1 meters above the ground on the roof of a shelter located in a city water well site FEP Teflon / 4.4 seconds Dirt, ephemeral weeds 360 This site is situated in a predominately residential eastside area with commercial activity lining nearby arterial routes. There is a large covered water reservoir north of the location. n/a n/a n/a 22.0 meters n/a n/a 1 2 260 meters west is Craycroft Road with 2006 ADT of 33,800 260 meters north is 22nd Street with a 2004 ADT of 52,400 Yes Comments: This site is one of the oldest in the monitoring network, originally established in 1973, and operated continuously to the present. 83 NITROGEN DIOXIDE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan 22ND STREET & CRAYCROFT: AIRS # 040191011 Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 100 ppb 1- Hour Average, 53 ppb Annual Average One – hour average concentrations Highest ppb Date Hour 63.7 11/05 1800 Second Highest 59.6 11/05 1900 84 NITROGEN DIOXIDE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Site Name CHILDREN’S PARK NCore AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of hourly observations Annual arithmetic mean Number /dates of 24-hour standard exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height 040191028 400 W. River Road, Tucson, AZ 32.295150 / -110.982300 2286 099 1 Instrumental chemiluminescence Highest Concentration Special Purpose Urban 8534 10.0 ppb Probe material / Residence time Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Distance between collocated monitors/ collocated monitor type Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT Continuous 4.25 meters above the ground on a shelter located in a city water well site FEP Teflon / 5.1 seconds Gravel in walled compound, dirt parking lot, dry river bed 360 This site is located at the confluence of the Rillito River and Pima Wash, a natural low spot in the local topography. Single - family residences and a popular county park with exercise trails extend to the north, northwest, and west, respectively. Heavy commercial usage dominates to the south and east, including large shopping malls and automobile dealerships n/a n/a n/a 12.8 meters n/a n/a 1 2 Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E State Route 77 runs north – south 0.5 kilometers to the east with a 2006 ADT of 52,000 River Road runs east – west 0.5 kilometers to the north, with a 2006 ADT of 34,400 Yes 85 NITROGEN DIOXIDE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan CHILDREN’S PARK NCore: AIRS # 040191028 Comments: The site began monitoring for Nitrogen Dioxide in May, 1998, and is a relocation (1.5 kilometers, northeast) of the Pomona site. Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 100 ppb 1- Hour Average, 53 ppb Annual Average One – hour average concentrations Highest ppb Date Hour 45.0 12/03 1700 Second Highest 43.1 11/18 1900 86 SULFUR DIOXIDE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) is currently monitored at two locations in Pima County. On October 1, 2010, an SO2 trace monitor was added at the Children’s Park NCore location as required for an NCore site. The Environmental Protection Agency has revised the SO2 requirements. The design criteria indicated in 40 CFR 58, app. D, 4.4, states that there are no minimum requirements for the number of SO2 monitoring sites. 2010 SO2 Design Criteria Table 15 Population Pima County 2010 Census 980,263 MSA Tucson Population Category 500,000 – 1,000,000 1- Hour Design Value # of Required SO2 Monitors # of SO2 Monitors 9.0 ppb No Requirement 1 SLAMS Monitor 1 Proposed NCore Historical Sulfur Dioxide Monitoring Ambient concentrations of sulfur dioxide (SO2) in Tucson have historically remained well below all federal standards, and in recent years have been extremely low. With new trace SO2 monitoring we can now get more accurate readings at very low levels. The only major stationary sources of SO2 possibly affecting ambient concentrations in the Tucson air planning area are the coal burning generators at the Irvington Road power plant operated by Tucson Electric Power. Quality Assurance for SO2 All data quality assessment requirements outlined in 40 CFR 58, app. A, have been met for 2010. The requirements include precision checks every other week with a check gas range between 0.08 and 0.10 ppm and annual internal audits for accuracy with three point check levels between 0.008 - 0.019 ppm, 0.02 – 0.049 ppm and 0.05 – 0.099ppm . All valid precision and accuracy tests are reported to the Air Quality System (AQS) database on a quarterly basis. Table 16 Sulfure Dioxide Audit Dates 2010 Craycroft & 22nd St. 06/23, 12/01 Children’s Park NCore Sulfure Dioxide TTP Audit Dates 2010 None 87 SULFUR DIOXIDE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Site Name 22ND STREET & CRAYCROFT AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of hourly observations Annual arithmetic mean Number /dates of 24-hour standard exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height 040191011 1237 S. Beverly Avenue, Tucson, AZ 32.204420 / -110878150 2582 060 1 Instrumental Pulsed Fluorescent Population Exposure SLAMS Neighborhood 8691 .53 ppb Probe material / Residence time Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Distance between collocated monitors/ collocated monitor type Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E Continuous 4.1 meters above the ground on the roof of a shelter located in a city water well site FEP Teflon / 7.3 seconds Dirt, ephemeral weeds 360 This site is situated in a predominately residential eastside area with commercial activity lining nearby arterial routes. There is a large covered water reservoir north of the location. There are no significant local sources of SO2 in the area n/a n/a n/a 22.0 meters n/a n/a 1 260 meters west is Craycroft Road with 2006 ADT of 33,800 2 260 meters north is 22nd Street with a 2004 ADT of 52,400 Yes Comments: This site is one of the oldest in the monitoring network, originally established in 1973, and operated continuously to the present. 88 SULFUR DIOXIDE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan 22ND STREET & CRAYCROFT: AIRS # 040191011 Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 75 ppb 1- Hour Average 1– hour average concentrations Highest ppb 14.0 Date 04/28 Hour 2200 Second Highest 11.0 07/21 0800 89 SULFUR DIOXIDE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Site Name CHILDREN PARK NCore AQS ID Address Latitude/ Longitude Elevation Method Number of monitors Type of monitor Monitoring site type Classification Scale Number of hourly observations Annual arithmetic mean Number /dates of 24-hour standard exceedances in 2010 Historical exceedances Sampling frequency/ season Probe height 040191028 400 W. River Road, Tucson, AZ 32.295150 / -110.982300 2286 560 1 Instrumental Pulsed Fluerescent Population Exposure Proposed NCore Neighborhood 2130, Monitor began 10/1/2010 .22 ppb Probe material / Residence time Surrounding landscape Degrees of unrestricted air flow Location description Distance from supporting structure Distance from obstruction on roof Distance from obstruction not on roof Distance from trees Distance to furnace or incinerator flue Distance between collocated monitors/ collocated monitor type Nearest roads distance & direction to monitor /ADT Site meets 40 CFR 58, Appx. A,C,D,E Continuous 4.25 meters above the ground on a shelter located in a city water well site FEP Teflon / 5.1 seconds Gravel in walled compound, dirt parking lot, dry river bed 360 This site is located at the confluence of the Rillito River and Pima Wash, a natural low spot in the local topography. Single - family residences and a popular county park with exercise trails extend to the north, northwest, and west, respectively. Heavy commercial usage dominates to the south and east, including large shopping malls and automobile dealerships n/a n/a n/a 12.8 meters n/a n/a 1 State Route 77 runs north – south 0.5 kilometers to the east with a 2006 ADT of 52,000 2 River Road runs east – west 0.5 kilometers to the north, with a 2006 ADT of 34,400 Yes 90 SULFUR DIOXIDE MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan CHILDREN’S PARK NCore: AIRS # 040191028 Annual summary statistics: NAAQS: 75 ppb 1- Hour Average 1 – hour average concentrations Highest ppb 3.0 Date 11/25 Hour 1600 Second Highest 2.7 12/07 1700 91 LEAD MONITORING NETWORK 2010 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan Lead sampling and analysis was discontinued at the end of March, 1997, in Pima County. The Environmental Protection Agency regulations allowing for the cessation of ambient lead monitoring in most areas of the country, except in areas with stationary sources of lead. Most urban areas have seen a dramatic decrease in ambient lead levels since the phase out and ban of lead in gasoline. On October 15, 2008 EPA strengthened the lead standard. Research and technology has shown that adverse health effects occur at much lower levels of lead in blood than previously thought. Children are particularly vulnerable to the effects of lead. The primary standard of 1.5 ug/m3 has been lowered to 0.15ug/m3, measured as total suspended particles (TSP).The secondary standard is identical to the primary standard. According to the 2005 National Air Emissions Inventory (NEI) from EPA, Pima County has no sources of lead of one ton or more. This means that Pima County will be required to perform area monitoring only, which will be done at the Children’s Park NCore location. Monitoring and reporting is anticipated to commence prior to January 2012. Historical Lead Monitoring Lead concentrations are extremely low in Tucson. Lead monitoring began in Pima County in 1975 at eight TSP sampling locations. In August, 1978, lead analyses were discontinued at all but two sites. Magnetic Observatory (University of Arizona) and Prince Road were selected to represent a neighborhood site and roadway site, respectively. Lead sampling was started at a third site (Broadway & Swan) in January 1983. Lead analysis at Magnetic Observatory was discontinued in 1983 due to lack of detectable levels of lead. A TSP sampler was installed at South Tucson in 1991 for purposes of lead analysis. This site, along with the other two remaining sites, (Prince Road and Broadway & Swan) adequately fulfilled the siting criteria for measuring potential highest urban concentrations of lead in the particulate monitoring network. In March of 1992 the Broadway & Swan lead analysis was discontinued and the TSP samplers from the South Tucson and the Magnetic Observatory sites were moved to the 22nd & Craycroft site. 22nd & Craycroft and Prince Road sites remained until March of 1997. P 92 P P P