San Xavier District Pedestrian Access and Safety Study FINAL REPORT D e c e m b e r 3 1 , 2 0 09 Table of Contents A. 1. 1.1 1.2 2. 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 3. 3.1 3.2 B. 1. 1.1 1.2 2. 2.1 2.2 3. Current Conditions................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 1 Background ................................................................................................................................. 1 Key Issues ................................................................................................................................... 1 Existing Conditions .................................................................................................................... 4 Roadway Characteristics ............................................................................................................ 4 Roadway Type and Width .......................................................................................................... 4 Structures .................................................................................................................................... 4 Speed Limits ............................................................................................................................... 4 Right of Way .............................................................................................................................. 4 Clear Zone .................................................................................................................................. 5 Intersections ................................................................................................................................ 5 Functional Classification ............................................................................................................ 9 Traffic Volumes .......................................................................................................................... 9 Level of Service Analysis ......................................................................................................... 14 Methodology ............................................................................................................................. 14 Traffic and Pedestrian Count Data............................................................................................ 16 Pedestrian Traffic ..................................................................................................................... 16 Crash History ............................................................................................................................ 24 Transit and Bicycling................................................................................................................ 24 Transit ....................................................................................................................................... 24 Bicycling ................................................................................................................................... 25 Trails ......................................................................................................................................... 25 Demographics ........................................................................................................................... 27 Physical, Natural, and Cultural Environments.......................................................................... 28 Survey ....................................................................................................................................... 32 Stakeholder Survey ................................................................................................................... 32 Bicycling ................................................................................................................................... 32 Vehicular .................................................................................................................................. 32 Pedestrian.................................................................................................................................. 32 Lighting .................................................................................................................................... 33 Other ......................................................................................................................................... 33 Comment Forms ....................................................................................................................... 34 Future Conditions ................................................................................................................... 35 Demographic Projections.......................................................................................................... 35 Socioeconomics ........................................................................................................................ 35 Activity Centers ........................................................................................................................ 35 San Xavier Mission School ...................................................................................................... 35 San Xavier Coop Farm ............................................................................................................. 35 Education and Recreation Center ............................................................................................. 36 San Xavier Health Center ......................................................................................................... 36 Programmed and Planned Improvements ................................................................................. 36 Roadway ................................................................................................................................... 36 San Xavier and Little Nogales Intersection Study .................................................................... 36 Bicycle and Pedestrian .............................................................................................................. 36 San Xavier Elderly/Pedestrian Safety Improvements at Mission Plaza ................................... 36 Pedestrian Bridge Project ......................................................................................................... 36 Roadway Projections and Condition........................................................................................ 37 Final Report Page i December 31, 2009 3.1 Current Traffic Conditions (2009) ............................................................................................ 37 3.2 Future Traffic Projections (2014 and 2030) ............................................................................. 37 3.3 Vehicular Level of Service Analysis ........................................................................................ 41 Methodology ............................................................................................................................. 41 Future Vehicular Level of Service ............................................................................................ 42 4. Pedestrian and Bicycle.............................................................................................................. 42 4.1 Level of Service ........................................................................................................................ 42 Definitions ................................................................................................................................ 43 4.2 Analysis .................................................................................................................................... 43 Study Scenarios and Assumptions ............................................................................................ 43 Analysis Findings ..................................................................................................................... 44 C. Public Involvement ................................................................................................................. 49 1. Public Involvement Participation Summary ............................................................................. 49 2. Public Outreach Opportunities ................................................................................................. 49 2.1 Study Questionnaire.................................................................................................................. 49 2.2 Public Involvement Overview with San Xavier District Chairman.......................................... 50 2.3 Meeting With Pow Wow Committee Members ....................................................................... 50 2.3 Public Open House ................................................................................................................... 50 2.4 Additional Outreach.................................................................................................................. 51 D. Pedestrian Access Improvement Plan ................................................................................... 52 1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 52 2. Alternatives ............................................................................................................................... 52 2.1 Clear Zones ............................................................................................................................... 52 2.2 Crossings .................................................................................................................................. 53 3. Preferred Alternative ................................................................................................................ 54 3.1 Proposed Materials and Amenities ........................................................................................... 58 3.2 Lighting .................................................................................................................................... 58 3.3 Amenities .................................................................................................................................. 58 3.4 Design Standards ...................................................................................................................... 59 4. Level of Service ........................................................................................................................ 59 4.1 Definitions ................................................................................................................................ 60 4.2 Study Scenarios and Assumptions ............................................................................................ 60 4.3 Analysis Findings ..................................................................................................................... 63 5. Environmental Justice ............................................................................................................... 64 6. Public Involvement ................................................................................................................... 65 6.1 Outreach Opportunities ............................................................................................................. 65 7. Phasing...................................................................................................................................... 66 8. Cost Estimate ............................................................................................................................ 69 9. Funding ..................................................................................................................................... 70 9.1 Potential Funding Sources ........................................................................................................ 71 9.2 Strategic Implementation Recommendations ........................................................................... 72 Appendix A – Traffic and Pedestrian Count Data ..................................................................................... Appendix B – Crash Analysis Memo ........................................................................................................ Appendix C – Survey Forms ..................................................................................................................... Appendix D – BLOS and PLOS Analysis Reports With No Pedestrian Improvements ........................... Appendix E – Level of Service Formulas for Pedestrian and Bicycle....................................................... Appendix F – Outreach Documents........................................................................................................... Appendix G – Transcribed Comments ...................................................................................................... Appendix H – BLOS and PLOS Analysis Reports Based on Preferred Alternative ................................. Final Report Page ii December 31, 2009 List of Figures Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 3. Figure 4. Figure 5. Figure 6. Figure 7. Figure 8. Figure 9. Figure 10. Figure 11. Figure 12. Figure 13. Figure 14. Figure 15. Figure 16. Figure 17. Figure 18. Figure 19. Figure 20. Figure 21. Figure 22. Figure 23. Figure 24. Figure 25. Figure 26. Figure 27. Figure 28. Figure 29. Figure 30. Study Area ....................................................................................................................... 3 Intersection Lane Configuration Locations ..................................................................... 6 Intersection Lane Configurations (1 of 2) ....................................................................... 7 Intersection Lane Configurations (2 of 2) ....................................................................... 8 Functional Classification ............................................................................................... 10 AM/PM Traffic and Average Daily Traffic Volumes ................................................... 12 Sunday ADT Volume and AM/PM Traffic Volumes ................................................... 13 Pedestrian Count Locations ........................................................................................... 16 San Xavier del Bac Mission Church Pedestrian Movements ........................................ 17 San Xavier Road Bridge at I-19 Pedestrian Movements ............................................... 19 Mission Road North of San Xavier Road Pedestrian Movements ................................. 20 Mission School Pedestrian Observations ....................................................................... 21 San Xavier Recreation Center Pedestrian Observations ................................................ 23 Transit and Bicycle Routes ............................................................................................ 26 Natural Features ............................................................................................................. 30 2014 Traffic Volumes .................................................................................................... 39 2030 Traffic Volumes .................................................................................................... 40 Existing PLOS ............................................................................................................... 46 Existing BLOS ............................................................................................................... 46 2014 PLOS..................................................................................................................... 47 2014 BLOS .................................................................................................................... 47 2030 PLOS..................................................................................................................... 48 2030 BLOS .................................................................................................................... 48 Preferred Alternative...................................................................................................... 56 Preferred Alternative Roadway Cross Sections ............................................................. 57 2014 PLOS..................................................................................................................... 61 2014 BLOS .................................................................................................................... 61 2030 PLOS..................................................................................................................... 62 2030 BPOS .................................................................................................................... 62 Phasing Plan................................................................................................................... 68 List of Tables Table 1 Table 2 Table 3 Table 4 Table 5 Table 6 Final Report Roadway Clear Zone ....................................................................................................... 5 Roadway Functional Classification ................................................................................. 9 Traffic Count Volumes for AM and PM Peak Hours .................................................... 11 Traffic Volumes ............................................................................................................. 14 LOS Criteria for Two-Lane Class II Highways ............................................................. 14 Level of Service ............................................................................................................. 15 Page iii December 31, 2009 Table 7 Table 8 Table 9 Table 10 Table 11 Table 12 Table 13 Final Report Population Projections for San Xavier District, Tucson, and Pima County .................. 35 Years 2014 and 2030 Traffic Volumes .......................................................................... 38 LOS Criteria for Two-Lane Class II Highways ............................................................. 41 Vehicular Level of Service ............................................................................................ 42 Pedestrian Level of Service (PLOS) and Bicycle Level of Service (BLOS) Levels and Scores ............................................................................................................................ 43 PLOS and BLOS Along Study Roadway Segments ...................................................... 44 PLOS and BLOS Along Study Roadway Segments ...................................................... 63 Page iv December 31, 2009 A. CURRENT CONDITIONS 1. Introduction 1.1 Background The San Xavier District of the Tohono O’odham Nation is home to approximately 2,000 people. Numerous others come to the District to visit the San Xavier del Bac Mission Church. The San Xavier District Pedestrian Access and Safety Study is being prepared to improve the walking and bicycling environment on the San Xavier District for Community members and visitors alike. The study is being funded by the Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT) Multimodal Planning Division’s Planning Assistance for Rural Areas (PARA) program. The PARA program provides federal funds to non-metropolitan communities for the purpose of conducting transportation planning studies. All Native American tribes in Arizona are eligible for funding and PARA funds may be applied to address a broad range of planning issues related to roadway and non-motorized transportation modes. ADOT encourages communities to focus their requests for funding on the most critical transportation planning needs identified in their communities; hence the focus here on pedestrians and bicyclists. The District Community members desire to establish a system of pathways that connects residential areas with community centers in safety and privacy. In 2006, the San Xavier District Planning Department prepared a Pedestrian Access Concept Plan that identified a 5.5-mile network of pathways linking residential areas with community activity centers. The Project Team, led by HDR Engineering, Inc. (HDR), will build on this first effort to prepare a pedestrian improvement plan that prioritizes needs and links projects to specific funding sources. Currently, HDR is also conducting a study for a new pedestrian bridge crossing of the Santa Cruz River. The San Xavier Loop Road Pedestrian Bridge Project is Regional Transportation Authority funded project to “provide a multi-use pedestrian crossing structure over the Santa Cruz River adjacent to the Interstate 19 (I-19) southbound on-ramp. The pedestrian bridge will link the Community with the portions of the San Xavier District separated by I-19.” This study encompasses the most densely populated region of the District, generally that area of the District north of Campus Drive and east of Mission Road. Refer to Figure 1, Study Area. 1.2 Key Issues Walking is an important mode of transportation in the San Xavier District. The National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion recommends walking as the best type of physical activity to control blood sugar, weight, and blood pressure and prevent heart and blood flow problems. Local health officials estimate that over half of the more than 2,000 residents suffer from diabetes. Additionally, U.S. Census 2000 data shows that statewide 93 percent of Arizona households own at least one automobile; in the San Xavier District only 86 percent of households own at least one automobile. This means that walking is the primary mode of transport for 14 percent of households – twice the state percentage. Children, elderly, and persons with visual impairments walk more than most other people. These are often the most vulnerable pedestrians. Narrow roadways with no sidewalks or shoulders and frequent Final Report Page 1 December 31, 2009 driveway openings are pedestrian hazards. The narrow two-lane bridge across the Santa Cruz River has no room for pedestrians or bicyclists. Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA) guidelines are also important to consider. Planning for and building facilities that are universally accessible makes them more likely to be used by persons with a wide range of abilities. Ramps that benefit people in wheelchairs also benefit people pushing strollers or workers using wheeled trolleys. Final Report Page 2 December 31, 2009 Valencia Road SEE INSET MAP San Xavier Pedestrian Access and Safety Study Drexel Road Figure 1 Study Area San Xavier District Boundary Inset Map Area Mission Road Main Map Area San Xavier Indian Res. Source: Pima County (2009), HDR. 12th Avenue Map revised August 20, 2009 Valencia Road Los Reales Road San Xavier Mission School San Xavier Road Desert Diamond Casino state 1 9 oad er R avi X San Inter Sant Mission Road a C ruz Riv er Ventura Dr Los Reales Road San Xavier del Bac Mission San Xavier Health Center Rancho de Martinez I-19 Bridge over San Xavier Road Drainage Structure Nogales Highway Drive Little Nogales Recreation Center San Xavier Road Bridge over Santa Cruz River Education Center Wa:k Lane N Campus Drive 0 .2 .35 .7 miles 2. Existing Conditions 2.1 Roadway Characteristics Limited right of way (ROW) and narrow roadway sections present challenges for a multi-modal system. This section identifies the roadway characteristics and identifies some of the opportunities and constraints in developing a multi-modal system for the District. Roadway Type and Width San Xavier Road and Mission Road are 24 feet of asphalt, consisting of two 12-foot lanes in each direction. Little Nogales Drive and San Xavier Road to the west of Little Nogales Drive are 22 feet of paved asphalt consisting of two 11-foot lanes in each direction. In the community, all the major roadways have dirt shoulders. The minor roads that lead to Community member-only areas are dirt roads. Curb and gutter or sidewalks do not currently exist within the community. Sidewalks are currently being constructed at the Mission and there is an asphalt path that connects the recreation and education centers. The lack of paths in the community makes it especially difficult for persons with disabilities to get to their destinations. Structures There are two bridge structures within the study area. One is the I-19 Freeway bridge over San Xavier Road and the other is San Xavier Road over the Santa Cruz River. See Figure 1 for the bridge locations. Speed Limits The speed limits are as follows:  Mission Road is 45 mph  San Xavier Road east of Little Nogales Drive is 35 mph  San Xavier Road between Little Nogales Drive and Mission Road is 35 mph except near the school where it is 15mph in the school zone  Little Nogales Drive is 25 mph Right of Way Research on the ROW plans within the study area indicate that ROW is not well defined and would require significant research to adequately ascertain ROW. The information discovered during research for this project is summarized here:  Mission Road and San Xavier Road are maintained by Pima County and have 60-foot rights-of-way.  Little Nogales Drive, Campus Drive, and other community roads are under the Tohono O’odham Nation.  Little Nogales Drive and Campus Drive are managed by the Bureau of Indian Affairs and have 60-foot rights-of-way.  The design team for the pedestrian bridge structure over the Santa Cruz River would like to place the structure on the south side of the existing roadway structure as there is 50 feet of ROW from the bridge centerline to the south, and only 40 feet of ROW from the existing centerline of the bridge to the north.  San Xavier Road west of the bridge over the Santa Cruz River has 40 feet of ROW on each side of the roadway centerline. Final Report Page 4 December 31, 2009  San Xavier Road east of the I-19 Bridge has 40 feet of ROW on each side of the existing centerline of the road. Clear Zone Clear zone is defined as an unobstructed, relatively flat area beyond the edge of the traveled way that allows a driver to stop safely or regain control of a vehicle that leaves the traveled way. Without curb and gutter this clear zone distance will need to be maintained between the edge of travel way and the edge of the walkway. The distances defined below are from the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Roadside Design Guide, and are dependant on the Average Daily Traffic (ADT) of the roadway. Although it is recommended that the pathway is located outside the clear zone; it is not mandatory. Table 1 lists the recommended clear zone width for selected study area roads. Table 1 Roadway Clear Zone Speed (mph) Recommended Clear Zone Width (ft) Segment From To San Xavier Rd. I-19 NB On Ramp Ventura Dr. 35 12 to 14 San Xavier Rd. I-19 SB Off Ramp I-19 NB On Ramp 35 12 to 14 San Xavier Rd. Little Nogales Dr. I-19 SB Off Ramp 35 12 to 14 San Xavier Rd. Mission Rd. Little Nogales Dr. 25 12 to 14 Mission Rd. Valencia Rd. San Xavier Rd. 45 16 to 18 Little Nogales Dr. San Xavier Rd. (north) San Xavier Rd. (south) 25 Little Nogales Dr. Wa:k Ln. Campus Dr. 25 12 to 14 7 to 10 Source: AASHTO Roadside Design Guide, March 2006 Intersections Figure 2 through Figure 4 show the intersection lane configuration and traffic control at the major roadway intersections in the study area. Final Report Page 5 December 31, 2009 SEE INSET MAP Valencia Road 1 Drexel Road 2 San Xavier Pedestrian Access and Safety Study Figure 2 Intersection Lane Configuration Locations San Xavier District Boundary Inset Map Area Main Map Area Intersection Configuration (refer to Figures 3 and 4 ) Mission Road # San Xavier Indian Res. Source: Pima County (2009), HDR. 12th Avenue Valencia Road Los Reales Road Map revised August 20, 2009 17 4 San Xavier Mission School San Xavier Road San Xavier del Bac Mission 5 6 Los Reales Road 16 Desert Diamond Casino state 1 9 oad er R avi X San Inter Sant Mission Road a C ruz Riv er Ventura Dr 3 15 14 San Xavier Health Center 13 Rancho de Martinez 7 8 10 Nogales Highway Education Center Drive Little Nogales Recreation Center 9 Wa:k Lane N 11 Campus Drive 12 0 .2 .35 .7 miles Figure 3. Final Report Intersection Lane Configurations (1 of 2) Page 7 December 31, 2009 Figure 4. Final Report Intersection Lane Configurations (2 of 2) Page 8 December 31, 2009 Functional Classification Based on ADOT’s roadway functional classification, the roadways in the study area are designated as shown in the table below and in Figure 5. Functional classification is the process by which streets and highways are grouped into classes, or systems, according to the character of service they are intended to provide (Federal Highways Administration, 2009). The purpose of functional classification is to set capital improvement and maintenance priorities. Table 2 Roadway Functional Classification Roadway From To Functional Classification I-19 NA NA Urban Interstate San Xavier Rd. Mission Rd. Los Reales Rd. Urban Minor Arterial Mission Rd. Drexel Rd. San Xavier Rd. Urban Minor Arterial Mission Rd. San Xavier Rd. Campus Dr. Urban Collector 12th Ave. alignment San Xavier Rd. Valencia Rd. Urban Collector Los Reales Rd. Cardinal Ave. Mission Rd. Urban Collector Los Reales Rd. Santa Clara Ave. Nogales Hwy. Urban Collector Nogales Hwy. Valencia Rd. Hughes Access Rd. Urban Minor Arterial Source: Tucson Urban Area Functionally Classified Roads Map, ADOT, 2008 Traffic Volumes As part of this study, 24-hour daily traffic volumes were collected by Accept Consulting Services in the study area on a weekday (Thursday March 19, 2009) and a weekend day (Sunday March 22, 2009). On March 19, the traffic counts were collected at seven locations and on March 22 the counts were collected at four locations. From the data collected, it is observed that the weekday AM peak hour occurs from 7:15 to 8:15 AM and the PM peak hour occurs from 4:45 to 5:45 PM. On the weekend, the peak hours generally occurred between 10:30 to 11:30 AM and 12:15 to 1:15 PM. Final Report Page 9 December 31, 2009 Valencia Road SEE INSET MAP San Xavier Pedestrian Access and Safety Study Drexel Road Figure 5 Functional Classification Inset Map Area Main Map Area Mission Road San Xavier District Boundary Functional Classification Urban Interstate Urban Minor Arterial Urban Collector Local Street San Xavier Indian Res. Source: Pima County (2009), HDR. 12th Avenue Map revised August 20, 2009 Valencia Road Los Reales Road San Xavier Mission School San Xavier Road San Xavier del Bac Mission Desert Diamond Casino state 1 9 oad er R avi X San Inter Sant Mission Road a C ruz Riv er Ventura Dr Los Reales Road San Xavier Health Center Rancho de Martinez Nogales Highway Drive Little Nogales Recreation Center Education Center Wa:k Lane N Campus Drive 0 .2 .35 .7 miles Table 3 and Figure 6 and Figure 7 show the traffic count locations and the traffic volumes for both Sunday and weekday daily AM and PM peak hours. Table 3 Traffic Count Volumes for AM and PM Peak Hours Location Day Direction San Xavier Rd. west of Ventura Dr. Thursday San Xavier Rd. under I-19 Thursday San Xavier Rd. east of Little Nogales Dr. (on bridge) Thursday San Xavier Rd. east of Mission Rd. Thursday Mission Rd. north of San Xavier Rd. Thursday Little Nogales Dr. north of San Xavier Rd. Thursday Little Nogales Dr. south of Wa:k Ln. Thursday San Xavier Rd. west of Ventura Dr. Sunday San Xavier Rd. east of Little Nogales Dr. (on bridge) Sunday San Xavier Rd. east of Mission Rd. Sunday Little Nogales Dr. north of San Xavier Rd. Sunday EB WB Total EB WB Total EB WB Total EB WB Total NB SB Total NB SB Total NB SB Total EB WB Total EB WB Total EB WB Total NB SB Total Daily 2686 2654 5340 3141 1874 5015 2109 2326 4435 1410 1606 3016 2141 1920 4061 1831 1604 3435 311 422 733 1442 1295 2737 1760 1945 3705 1610 1740 3350 1620 1454 3074 Traffic Volumes AM Peak PM Peak Hour Hour 395 150 545 507 108 615 247 167 414 200 90 290 142 215 357 137 165 302 52 25 77 95 105 200 158 192 350 182 166 348 181 147 328 177 417 594 224 241 465 174 275 449 112 235 347 274 147 421 215 147 362 21 44 65 121 110 231 188 189 377 174 204 378 170 173 343 Source: Accept Consulting Services, 2009 Final Report Page 11 December 31, 2009 Valencia Road SEE INSET MAP San Xavier Pedestrian Access and Safety Study Drexel Road Figure 6 Average Daily Traffic Volume and AM/PM Traffic Volumes San Xavier District Boundary XXX Inset Map Area Main Map Area Average Daily Traffic Volume 615 (465) AM Peak (PM Peak) AM Predominant Direction of Flow San Xavier Indian Res. PM Predominant Direction of Flow Source: Pima County (2009), HDR. 12th Avenue Ventura Dr Riv 9 state 1 40 ) 53 (594 5 54 9 Inters tate 1 Ro ad Nogales Highway 4) 733 77 (65) 2191 298 (14 70 85 61 50 0 (9 5 15 8) (4 65 ) Sa nX av ier 1 197 98) (2 ) 9 80 (71 76 Drive Little Nogales Recreation Center 298 (144) 128 Rancho de Martinez 4435 9) 414 (44 Education Center San oad er R i v Xa Desert Diamond Casino San Xavier Health Center 3016 290 (347) 3435 2) 0 3 2 (36 San Xavier Rd Inter a C ruz Sant Mission Road San Xavier del Bac Mission Wa:k Lane Los Reales Road er 4061 357 (421) Valencia Road Los Reales Road Map revised August 20, 2009 N Campus Drive 0 .2 .35 .7 miles Valencia Road SEE INSET MAP San Xavier Pedestrian Access and Safety Study Drexel Road Figure 7 Sunday ADT Volume and AM/PM Traffic Volumes San Xavier District Boundary XXX Inset Map Area Average Daily Traffic Volume Main Map Area 615 (465) AM Peak (PM Peak) San Xavier Indian Res. Source: Pima County (2009), HDR. 12th Avenue Map revised August 20, 2009 Valencia Road Los Reales Road 3350 348 (378) 328 (34 3074 San Xavier Road 3) San Xavier del Bac Mission 9 state 1 Inter Sant Mission Road a C ruz Riv er Ventura Dr Los Reales Road 1) (23 0 20 737 2 oad R r e i v Xa San Desert Diamond Casino San Xavier Health Center Rancho de Martinez 7) 350 (37 5 0 37 Nogales Highway 77 (65) 733 Education Center Wa:k Lane Drive Little Nogales Recreation Center N Campus Drive 0 .2 .35 .7 miles The traffic volumes for the I-19 and San Xavier Road interchange were obtained from ADOT. The counts were conducted in October 2006 and are reported in Table 4. Table 4 Traffic Volumes Location Direction Daily Traffic Volumes AM Peak PM Peak Hour Hour I-19 Off Ramp NB 850 70 98 I-19 On Ramp NB 1971 128 300 I-19 Off Ramp SB 2191 298 144 I-19 On Ramp SB 809 76 71 San Xavier Rd. under I-19 EB/WB 4950 607 440 Source: ADOT, 2006 2.2 Level of Service Analysis Methodology A commonly used grading system called Level of Service (LOS) is used to measure and describe the operations of a roadway network. The LOS grading system qualitatively characterizes traffic conditions associated with varying levels of traffic. For a two-lane highway, these levels range from LOS A, when the motorists are able to travel at their desired speed, to LOS F, which represents heavily congested flow with traffic demand exceeding capacity. LOS A, B, and C are generally considered to be satisfactory service levels, while the influence of congestion becomes more noticeable at LOS D. LOS E is undesirable and is considered by most agencies to be the limit of acceptable delay, and LOS F conditions are considered to be unacceptable to most drivers. In the Transportation Research Board’s Highway Capacity Manual (HCM, 2000), two-lane highways are further classified into Class I and Class II highways. In Class I highways motorists expect to travel at relatively high speeds. In Class II highways motorists do not necessarily expect to travel at high speeds. Class II highways function as access routes to Class I highways. Table 5 presents the LOS criteria for two-lane Class II highways. Table 5 LOS Criteria for Two-Lane Class II Highways Level of Service Percent Time – Spent - Following A < 40 B > 40 – 55 C > 55 – 70 D > 70 – 85 E > 85 Source: Transportation Research Board’s Highway Capacity Manual (HCM, 2000) Existing LOS analysis for the study area roadways was conducted using the Highway Capacity Software (HCS+) based on the Transportation Research Board’s HCM for a two–lane, Class II highway. The study area roadways were treated as two-lane highways for analysis purposes. Final Report Page 14 December 31, 2009 The following are additional assumptions used for conducting the analysis. 1. Peak Hour Factor = 0.92 2. Percent of Trucks, Bus and Recreational Vehicles = 2 3. Access Points per mile = 5 4. Class II Highway - (Per HCM Section 12, page 12-2) 5. Posted speed limits were used as measured speed 6. Traffic volumes were used as observed volumes Table 6 below shows the LOS at various roadway segments in the study area. As shown in Table 6, all the segments operate at LOS B or better. Table 6 Level of Service Segment From To Directional Split AM (%) PM (%) LOS Speed (mph) AM PM San Xavier Rd. I-19 NB On Ramp Ventura Dr. 72 70 35 B B San Xavier Rd. I-19 SB Off Ramp I-19 NB On Ramp 82 52 35 B A San Xavier Rd. Little Nogales Dr. I-19 SB Off Ramp 60 61 35 A A San Xavier Rd. Mission Rd. Little Nogales Dr. 69 68 30* A A Mission Rd. Valencia Rd. San Xavier Rd. 60 65 45 A A Little Nogales Dr. San Xavier Rd. (north) San Xavier Rd. (south) 55 59 30* A A Little Nogales Dr. Wa:k Ln. Campus Dr. 68 68 30* A A Source: HDR, 2009 * Although the posted speed limit is 25 mph, 30 mph was used as measured speed for analysis purposes as that is the lowest the software will calculate. Final Report Page 15 December 31, 2009 2.3 Traffic and Pedestrian Count Data Pedestrian Traffic Pedestrian counts and walking pattern observations were made by HDR on Sunday April 5, 2009, Monday April 6, 2009, and Sunday May 17, 2009. On Sunday April 5, 2009, counts and observations were taken at the Mission Church and on Mission Road north of San Xavier Road. On Monday April 6, 2009, counts and observations were taken at the Mission School, on Mission Road north of San Xavier Road, on San Xavier Road near the Santa Cruz Bridge, and at San Xavier Recreation Center. On Sunday May 17, 2009, additional counts were taken just west of the Santa Cruz Bridge on San Xavier Road. The observations, summarized by location and the data, are included in the Appendix A. The locations where the pedestrian observations were made are listed here and are shown in Figure 8. A. San Xavier del Bac Mission Church B. San Xavier Road Bridge C. Mission Road North of San Xavier Road D. San Xavier Mission School E. San Xavier Recreation Center Figure 8. Final Report Pedestrian Count Locations Page 16 December 31, 2009 A. Mission Church The San Xavier Mission Church (Church) was constructed around 1692 and is still a working church, attracting many parishioners and visitors, especially on Sundays. The Mission School (School), located immediately west of the Church, is run by the Mission. There are several parking lots near the Church and School premises, as shown in Figure 9. Figure 9. San Xavier del Bac Mission Church Pedestrian Movements Note: See next page for observations at 1, 2, and 3. The Church has four services on Sunday beginning at 8:00 AM, 9:30 AM, 11:00 AM, and 12:30 PM with each service lasting an hour. The 9:30 AM service is unpublished and is primarily for the community members. Pedestrian movements were observed at the Church before and after the services on Sunday April 5, 2009 during the following periods:     7:30 AM to 8:30 AM 9:10 AM to 9:40 AM 10:30 AM to 11:15 AM Final Report  Page 17 12:05 PM to 12:45 PM 1:20 PM to 2:00 PM December 31, 2009 The following are observations at the Church. The numbered items relate to Figure 9: 1. Pedestrians walking between the southwest parking lot and the Church were crossing at the intersection of San Xavier Road and Little Nogales Drive. This was the heaviest pedestrian movement noted during the observation period. 2. Pedestrians walking on San Xavier Road to and from the Church were observed walking on the north side of San Xavier Road. 3. Pedestrians walking on Little Nogales Drive, south of the parking lot located east of San Xavier Arts, Crafts and Café, were observed walking on the east side of Little Nogales Drive.  Some of the pedestrians walking on San Xavier Road to and from the Church were coming from Mission Road and were observed stopping at the Cemetery on San Xavier Road and then continuing.  San Xavier Road and Little Nogales Drive are posted as 25 mph with speed humps on San Xavier Road. The observed speed near the Church on San Xavier Road and Little Nogales Drive is lower than the posted speed limit. This is due to the speed humps and closely spaced stop-controlled intersections as shown in Figure 9.  Some of the non-Church vehicular traffic was observed using unpaved Community Lane and Gok Kawulk Wog to avoid the delays on San Xavier Road and Little Nogales Drive caused by Church vehicular traffic and existing traffic control.  The existing crosswalk markings near the School and Church on San Xavier Road and Little Nogales Drive are in poor condition.  Safety conflicts were observed between traffic entering and exiting the Church parking lot and pedestrians walking between the parking lots and the Church.  Some of the Church staff were observed parking in the parking lot between the School and Church. Final Report Page 18 December 31, 2009 B. San Xavier Road Bridge at I-19 The San Xavier Road bridge is located on the west side of the I-19 and San Xavier Road service traffic interchange. Pedestrian and bicycle movements were observed on this bridge on Monday, April 06, 2009 from 10:00 AM to 2:00 PM and Sunday, May 17, 2009 from 8:00AM to 10:30AM (Figure 10). Figure 10. San Xavier Road Bridge at I-19 Pedestrian Movements The following are observations on San Xavier Road bridge:     There is no sidewalk on the bridge. Pedestrians were observed walking close to the vehicular traffic on this narrow 26’-10” bridge, which is a safety concern. On Monday, April 6, 2009 all the pedestrians observed were walking westbound. Three of the pedestrians observed at this location were joggers. On Sunday, May 17, 2009, the majority of the pedestrians were headed westbound and the majority of cyclists were headed eastbound on San Xavier Road. On Sunday, May 17, 2009, three wild dogs were observed weaving in and out of traffic causing the traffic to use caution. Final Report Page 19 December 31, 2009 C. Mission Road North of San Xavier Road Mission Road north of San Xavier Road is one of the high-volume arterial roadways in the San Xavier District. Pedestrian and bicycle traffic along Mission Road, north of San Xavier Road, was observed on Sunday April 5, 2009 (between 8:35 AM to 9:05 AM, 9:45 AM to 10:25 AM, and 11:15 AM to 12 PM) and Monday April 6, 2009 (from 8:00 AM to 10: 00 AM). The observation location on Mission Road was approximately one mile north of San Xavier Road (Figure 11). The speed limit at this location is 45 mph. Figure 11. Mission Road North of San Xavier Road Pedestrian Movements The following are observations on Mission Road north of San Xavier Road:  The bicyclists traveling on this section of Mission Road were riding along with high-speed vehicular traffic, which is a safety concern.  Pedestrians were observed walking on the unpaved shoulder on the east side of Mission Road.  Most of the pedestrians walking on Mission Road were observed heading to San Xavier Road. A small number of them stopped at the Cemetery on San Xavier Road. Some of these same pedestrians were observed at the Church.  Bicyclists were observed traveling in a queue and were not impacting vehicular traffic.  On Monday, during this observation period, a group of bicyclists moved abreast for some distance and later split into smaller groups. Final Report Page 20 December 31, 2009 D. Mission School The Mission School is located immediately west of the Church, north of the San Xavier Road and Little Nogales Drive intersection. The School currently serves grades K through 8. The School opens around 6:30 AM and classes begin at 7:50 AM. Most of the school traffic (parents, staff, buses, walkers) start arriving at school at 7:00 AM. School ends at 3:00 PM. During dismissal, children riding school buses and walking to adjacent neighborhoods are allowed to go first, followed by the rest of students who are picked up by their parents. There are two school bus trips to and from the School in the morning and evening. The pedestrian and bicycle movements were observed at this location on Monday April 06, 2009 from 7:00 AM to 8:00 AM and 2:45 PM to 3:30 PM (Figure 12). The following are observations at the School: Figure 12. Mission School Pedestrian Observations Note: See next page for observations at 1, 2, 3, and 4. Final Report Page 21 December 31, 2009 General Pedestrian Movements. The numbered items relate to Figure 12: 1. Pedestrians were walking to and from homes located southwest of the San Xavier Road and Little Nogales Drive intersection. 2. Pedestrians walking between the southwest parking lot and School were crossing at the intersection of San Xavier Road and Little Nogales Drive. 3. Pedestrians walking between the southeast parking lot and School were crossing at the intersection of San Xavier Road and Little Nogales Drive. 4. Pedestrians were crossing San Xavier Road and then walking southbound in the ditch along the west side of Little Nogales Drive. School Commencing Period (7:00 AM to 8:00 AM):  The major pedestrian movements are students walking from homes located southwest of the San Xavier Road and Little Nogales Drive intersection. All pedestrian movements observed during the observation period were directly related to the school.  The school bus arrived at school around 7:20 AM and dropped off the students in front of the School in the pick-up/drop-off loop. After dropping off the students, these buses parked in the parking lot on the west side of the Church (as shown in Figure 12).  School staff parked in the parking lot on the east side of the school building. This parking lot had an approximate capacity of 15 vehicles.  The intersection of San Xavier Road and Little Nogales Drive is a T-intersection with ALL-WAY Stop control. Pedestrian and vehicular traffic conflicts were observed at this intersection. There is no school guard at this location to assist pedestrians, which is a safety concern.  Parents drop off their children in the pick-up/drop-off loop.  During school bus or delivery truck drop-off at the School, a back up of three to four vehicles was observed in the pick-up/drop-off loop and at the intersection of San Xavier Road and Little Nogales Drive. School Dismissal Period (2:45 PM to 3:30 PM):  The major pedestrian movements are students walking to homes located southwest of the San Xavier Road and Little Nogales Drive intersection.  Two students were observed crossing San Xavier Road and then walking southbound in the ditch along the west side of Little Nogales Drive. Little Nogales Drive currently does not have sidewalks.  The school bus and parents arrived around 2:50 PM to pick up students. The school bus left about 3:05 PM. During this time there was a back up of three to four vehicles observed in the pickup/drop-off loop and at the intersection of San Xavier Road and Little Nogales Drive.  Transit bus service was observed during this period near the School.  Parents used the parking lots located at the southwest and southeast corners of the San Xavier Road and Little Nogales Drive intersection when the pick-up/drop-off loop in front of the School was backed up. Parents then drove closer to the available space on San Xavier Road near to the School to pick up their children.  The San Xavier District Community van was observed picking up students from school and transporting them to the Education Center on Wa:k Lane. Final Report Page 22 December 31, 2009 E. San Xavier Recreation Center The San Xavier Recreation Center is located on the north side of Wa:k Lane, adjacent to the San Xavier Education Center. This facility serves all the residents of the San Xavier District Community, including students. This center hosts various kinds of sports activities. The entire site is fenced. There are six gates to this facility, four of which are mainly used by pedestrian traffic (Figure 13). They are: 1. The south gate providing access between 3. The main entrance gate to the Recreation the Education Center and Recreation Center. Center. 2. The west gate providing access to the 4. The north gate providing access to the residents living on the west. residents living on the north. Figure 13. San Xavier Recreation Center Pedestrian Observations The pedestrian and bicycle movements to and from the Recreation Center were observed on Monday April 06, 2009 from 3:45 PM to 6:00 PM. The following are observations at the Recreation Center:  The major pedestrian movement observed was between the Education Center and Recreation Center. A group of twelve students walked from the Education Center to the Recreation Center and back during the first 15 minute observation period.  The pedestrians walking between the Education Center and Recreation Center (on route 1 as shown above) did not use the asphalt path, which follows the main entrance road south and then turns east toward the education center.  Very few pedestrians were observed using the main entrance gate during observation period.  Parents were observed dropping off and picking up their children in the Recreation Center parking lot during the observation period. Final Report Page 23 December 31, 2009 2.4 Crash History A crash analysis was performed for the study area and can be read in its entirety in Appendix B. Both vehicular and pedestrian- or bicycle-related crashes were reviewed along the following segments:  Mission Road from Drexel Road to Campus Drive  Nogales Highway from Los Reales Road to Hermans Road (just south of Tucson International  Airport)  Valencia Road from Westover Avenue to Sandpiper Avenue  Campus Drive from Mission Road to I-19  San Xavier Road from Mission Road to Comobabi Street (just south of Los Reales Road) There were 433 crashes listed between January 2004 and December 2008 of which seven (1.6 percent) were fatal. Six of the fatal crashes occurred on Mission Road and one on San Xavier Road. Of the seven fatal crashes, three involved alcohol. Of the 433 total crashes, 14 involved animals on or near the road and all of these were noted as occurring on Mission Road. Three of the 433 crashes involved a pedestrian (one) or bicycle (two). None of the three crashes resulted in death; however, two resulted in serious injury, one of them on Mission Road. 2.5 Transit and Bicycling Transit Many members of the Community are transit dependent. The Pima County Department of Transportation’s Rural Transit Service operates a transit route serving the San Xavier District. This service is slated to be consolidated with transit services in Pima County under the Regional Transportation Authority. This service provides residents of the San Xavier District with access to Tucson employment centers, medical facilities, and other activities and services. Rural Transit operates the San Xavier Route Expanded Service with ten round trips during the week and nine round trips on Saturday from the San Xavier area to the Laos Transit Center. The fare for a one-way ride is 50cents. For the federal fiscal year 2008/2009 (the federal government fiscal year begins October 1 and ends September 30 of the following calendar year), ridership was 39,487. Ridership for the first half of the current fiscal year is tracking closely at 17,953 passengers. The Pima County Department of Transportation has contracted with Trax Transportation to provide this service using wheelchair accessible vans. Sun Tran operates the public transit bus line, Valencia Route 29, every thirty minutes during peak hours east and westbound along Valencia Road at the northern edge of the Community, with stops at the Laos Transit Center with connections to the San Xavier Route. Figure 14 shows the existing transit routes and Final Report Page 24 Pima County Department of Transportation’s Rural Transit Service operates the San Xavier Route Expanded Service, Monday through Saturday. December 31, 2009 bikeways improvements in the study area. Bicycling During the pedestrian observations, bicyclists were only observed traveling along Mission Road. Mission Road is a popular route among recreational riders originating in Tucson. In its current state, the roadway does not provide a suitable bicycle environment due to the narrow roadway width and lack of roadway shoulders. The bicyclists observed during the pedestrian counts on Mission Road were observed traveling in the roadway lane with traffic. There are no County planned improvements along Mission Road as of the latest Tucson Metro Bike Map, prepared by Pima Association of Governments, which was issued September 2009. Trails Pima County has trails along the Santa Cruz River and West Branch of the Santa Cruz that stop at the Community border on the north and south. There is proposed greenway (path and trail) that follows the Community’s western border from the north, near Westover Avenue, then turns west along the pipeline easement, just north of Los Reales Road, as a trail. Final Report Page 25 December 31, 2009 Valencia Road SEE INSET MAP San Xavier Pedestrian Access and Safety Study Drexel Road Figure 14 Transit and Bicycle Routes Map San Xavier District Boundary Pima County Trail County Bike Route With Striped Shoulder Transit Routes Inset Map Area Main Map Area Mission Road San Xavier Access Route Valencia Midvale Park S. 12th Avenue AeroPark Speedway Express AeroPark Ina Express San Xavier Indian Res. Bus Stop Source: Pima County (2009), HDR. 12th Avenue Map revised November 16, 2009 Valencia Road Los Reales Road San Xavier Mission School San Xavier Road San Xavier del Bac Mission Desert Diamond Casino state 1 9 oad er R avi X San Inter Sant Mission Road a C ruz Riv er Ventura Dr Los Reales Road San Xavier Health Center Rancho de Martinez Nogales Highway Drive Little Nogales Recreation Center Education Center Wa:k Lane N Campus Drive 0 .2 .35 .7 miles 2.6 Demographics Approximately 18,000 of the tribe's 28,000 members live on the main section of the Tohono O'odham reservation. The San Xavier District 2000 Census population was 1,940. According to the Tohono O’odham Web site, the total enrollment for the San Xavier school district as of fall 2007 is 2,027 (1,249 on Reservation and 778 off Reservation). The population of the Tohono O’odham Nation is younger than that of the state as a whole. The median age of the Tohono O’odham people is 26.2, compared with 34.2 for Arizona. Much of the population is young with 38 percent of the population under 18 years of age – 40 percent greater than the percentage of all Arizonans under the age of 18. This is important information because age helps dictate transportation mode choice and walking rates are drastically higher for younger age groups than older ones. The 5–15 year old age group has almost twice the percentage of walking trips as the 40–64 year old age group (Pucher and Renne, 20031). Poverty is a major concern of the Tohono O’odham Nation with the median per capita income of $7,000 (less than a third of the national per capita income of $22,000), the lowest of all U.S. reservations, per the 2000 Census. The percentage of the Nation population in poverty is 46 percent, three times that of the overall state poverty level of 14 percent. The poverty levels in the San Xavier District are much lower at 25 percent, but still markedly above the state level. Whether related to poverty or not, the percentage of Tohono O’odham households without a motor vehicle available is 30 percent, more than four times that of Arizona overall. While the percentage of households without a motor vehicle available in the San Xavier district is half this rate at 14 percent, this is twice the percentage of households in Arizona without access to a motor vehicle. Lack of households’ access to a vehicle may be one reason the San Xavier District has such a high percentage of members who walk to work, 11 percent, almost four times the state rate. The San Xavier District has one of the highest levels of owner-occupied housing in the state, with 91 percent of the occupied housing units being owner-occupied. The majority of housing is located within a two-mile radius of the District offices and the Mission San Xavier del Bac. This proximity to work and activity centers likely contributes to the high percentage of members who walk to work. One reason that the need for a pedestrian and bicycle plan for the San Xavier District is great is the Tohono O'odham people have the highest rate of Type II (adult-onset) diabetes among Native American tribes. About 50 percent of the tribe's adults have adult-onset diabetes, compared with 4 to 6 percent of the overall U.S. population. A study by the Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, published in the Oct. 1, 2003 American Journal of Epidemiology2, discovered that walking for 30 minutes a day cut diabetes risks for overweight as well as non-overweight men and women. Additionally, providing for safer pedestrian routes serves the needs of youth and the elderly. Safe pedestrian routes from housing to activity centers allows seniors to remain in their homes while maintaining social interaction, health, safety, and a good quality of life. Improving the Community’s walking routes allows more youth access to the Recreation Center where Community members can engage in activities such as fitness and nutrition classes, after-school recreation, and team sports. ________________________ 1 Pucher, J. and Renne, J. (2003). Socioeconomics of Urban Travel: Evidence from the 2001 NHTS. Transportation Quarterly, Vol. 57, No. 3, Summer 2003 (49–77). 2 Andrea M. Kriska, Aramesh Saremi, Robert L. Hanson, Peter H. Bennett, Sayuko Kobes, Desmond E. Williams, and William C. Knowler."Physical Activity, Obesity, and the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in a HighRisk Population." American Journal of Epidemiology. 2003 158: 669-675. Final Report Page 27 December 31, 2009 2.7 Physical, Natural, and Cultural Environments Map depicting the Tohono O’odham Nation. The San Xavier district is the most easterly, located ten miles south of Tucson. Source: http://www.tonation-nsn.gov/location.aspx Final Report Page 28 December 31, 2009 The San Xavier District is a Tohono O’odham Nation community centered on the historic San Xavier del Bac Mission, which was founded in 1699 by Jesuit missionary Father Eusebio Francisco Kino. It is known as the “place where water appears,” because the Santa Cruz River surfaces from its underground channel nearby. The historic San Xavier del Bac Mission is a famous Arizona landmark. Visitors from around the world come to see “The White Dove of the Desert.” The Tohono O'odham Nation is located southwest of Tucson, AZ in the Sonoran Desert. The Nation encompasses nearly 4,600 square miles (larger than the state of Connecticut), the second-largest Indian reservation area in the United States (after the Navajo). The San Xavier District is located approximately ten miles south of Tucson and contains nearly 72,000 acres of Sonoran desert, including a stretch of the ephemeral Santa Cruz River (refer to Figure 15). In addition, there are many smaller washes crossing the community that connect into the Santa Cruz River. This area is the traditional homeland of the Tohono O’odham (Desert People); their ancestors, the Hohokam, lived here over 10,000 years ago. The Community is also known as Wa:k, and its people, as the Wa:k O’odham. Final Report Page 29 December 31, 2009 Valencia Road SEE INSET MAP San Xavier Pedestrian Access and Safety Study Drexel Road Figure 15 Natural Features San Xavier District Boundary Inset Map Area Washes Main Map Area Bank Stabilization Mission Road Elevation (feet) 2450 - 2500 2501 - 2650 2651 - 2850 2851 - 3000 San Xavier Indian Res. Source: Pima County (2009), HDR. 12th Avenue Map revised August 20, 2009 Valencia Road Los Reales Road Desert Diamond Casino state 1 9 oad er R avi X San Inter Sant Mission Road a C ruz Riv er Ventura Dr Los Reales Road Hu gh es Ma r t i n e z H i l l (e lev 2,854 f t) Nogales Highway Pu nt a de A gu aW as h Education Center Drive Little Nogales Recreation Center San Xavier Health Center h Rancho de Martinez as San Xavier del Bac Mission W San Xavier Mission School San Xavier Road Wa:k Lane N Campus Drive 0 .2 .35 .7 miles The Sonoran Desert, surrounding the Gulf of California in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, covers some 320,000 square kilometers. It includes a part of the state of Arizona and a small portion of California in the United States, and western Sonora and the southern two-thirds of the peninsula of Baja California in Mexico. Historically, the Tohono O’odham people inhabited much of this area, referred to as the Papagueria3. Climatic conditions range from extremely arid, with a rainfall of less than three inches, to the boundary between arid and semi-arid, in the vicinity of fifteen inches of rainfall a year. The San Xavier District on average receives about twelve inches annually. The Sonoran Desert is one of the most diverse environments and includes 60 mammal species, 350 bird species, 20 amphibian species, 100+ reptile species, 30 native fish species, and more than 2000 native plant species. The Sonoran is the only place in the world where the famous saguaro cactus grows in the wild. The Saguaro produces a fruit at the top of the cactus that is harvested in the spring by the Tohono O’odham. The fruit is harvested when it is ripe, typically starting in late June, for the Nawait I'i (Rain Ceremony) that occurs during the monsoon season. The Tohono O’odham make saguaro wine, jams, and jellies out of the fruit and have a rain feast in honor of the coming monsoon4. Cholla, beavertail, hedgehog, fishhook, prickly pear, night blooming cereus, and organ pipe are other species of cactus found here. Cactus provide food and homes to many desert mammals and birds, with showy flowers in reds, pinks, yellows, and whites blooming most commonly from late March through June, depending on the species and seasonal temperatures. Creosote bush and bur sage dominate valley floors. Indigo bush, Mormon tea, and mesquite are other shrubs that may be found. In addition to historically farming the arid lands with the use of elaborate canals, the Tohono O’odham continue to harvest the bean pods of the mesquite tree. Wildflowers include desert sand verbena, desert sunflower, and evening primroses. Images from the desert, top to bottom: the desert landscape of the San Xavier District, saguaro cactus in bloom, creosote bush. ________________________ 3 Official Web Site of the Executive Branch of the Tohono O'odham Nation. “History and Culture”. Accessed March 20, 2009 <2009 . 4 Arizona State Museum; The University of Arizona. “Saguaro Harvest Traditions of the Tohono O’odham”. Accessed March 20, 2009 Final Report Page 31 December 31, 2009 Ascending from the valley up bajadas, various subtrees such as palo verde, ironwood, desert willow, and crucifixion thorn are common, as well as multi-stemmed ocotillo. Shrubs found at higher elevations include whitethorn acacia, fairy duster, and jojoba. (Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonoran_Desert. Accessed March 3, 2009). Wa:k Hikdañ Site On the San Xavier District outside Tucson, the Tohono O’odham Community restored a section of the Santa Cruz River by recreating a wetland near the river channel and planting mesquite, hackberry, and desert willow on the higher flood terrace. During the design of the project, tribal elders were consulted to gain insight into what the area looked like during their youth. Completed in 2003, the Wa:k Hikdañ site on the San Xavier District was the first to use Central Arizona Project (CAP) water in the Tucson basin for riparian restoration. In following years as much as 50,000 acre-feet of CAP water was put to restoration use on the Reservation. Source: http://cals.arizona.edu/azwater/awr/marapr08/feature1.html 3. Survey 3.1 Stakeholder Survey As part of the initial data collection, interviews were conducted with people representing various aspects of the community life; the Mission church and school, health services, gaming enterprise, planning commissioners, cooperative farm, and the Recreation Center. All were appreciative of the effort to improve the pedestrian and bicycle experience within the Community and offered comments and observations to assist in that endeavor. The notes for the interviews may be found in the Appendix C. The most salient points are summarized here. Bicycling  There are no bicycle facilities (racks) at the Church (sometimes bicycles are locked on the rail leading up to church, may also be parked immediately in front of church).  Hordes of bicyclists ride on Mission Road – often several abreast impeding traffic. Vehicular  Get people to obey stop signs; traffic is speeding through the reservation on the way elsewhere. People apparently speed through as shortcut instead of going across on Valencia (especially in the morning and late afternoon); people are cutting across Community Lane to avoid stop signs in front of Mission. Pedestrian  Typically on Saturday and Sundays, people partake in “pilgrimages” from south Tucson on foot. They are coming from both directions (Mission Road and San Xavier Road).  There is a lack of crosswalks and no clearly marked crosswalks.  Dedicated pedestrian routes “would be good”. People are forced to walk on road, sometimes walking two or three abreast (in street where there are trees on shoulder, too narrow, or too steep).  People often walk from bus route (trailer park) to clinic, rather than ride bus long way around. Final Report Page 32 December 31, 2009  The master plan for the Cooperative Farm envisions a walkway from the Santa Cruz River with tree lined path.  Dedicated walking path traveling from the community to the Recreation Center would be beneficial.  Sidewalks would be nice; there are currently no dedicated pedestrian routes (to the school).  The distance to the Recreation Center from the school is approximately 1 mile, while the younger students are discourage from walking, some of the older students do (the bus does make a stop there and the Education Center).  The Santa Cruz River crossing should be on north side – crossing as planned on south side will require pedestrians to cross San Xavier two times (this issue has been raised at the Planning Commission on March 4, 2009). Lighting  Lighting in the Community is inadequate.  Lighting along pedestrian routes would be helpful.  Lighting is an issue throughout the Community. This was an issue in Sells where they recently completed a 10 year lighting plan. In Sells they were experiencing a large number of pedestrian accidents (people crossing State Route 86). The Indian Health Center and Tohono O’odham addressed the problem with lighting and there have been no pedestrian accidents since.  Darkness is part of what makes the community unique. Other  There are existing signs asking visitors to “stay on paved roads”, discouraging them from walking into living area.  There are issues with wash crossings during rain events (especially standing water at San Xavier Road) .  Community dogs create problems, strays can be found roaming around.  Road work needed on San Xavier adjacent to the Cooperative Farm - low spot ponds (100’) takes long time to evaporate.  Headquarters of the Cooperative Farm is fenced - actually moved fence back ten feet to allow room for pedestrians to pass without being forced into road - doesn’t help bicyclists.  Speed bumps in front of Recreation Center have been effective in mitigating traffic impacts.  There are several projects underway now (notably the sidewalks at the Mission and drainage on the south side of the street) that will disrupt and potentially impact the pattern of school dropoffs/pick-ups. Final Report Page 33 December 31, 2009 3.2 Comment Forms This is a summary of the questionnaire that was distributed to Community members and made available at various locations. In addition, Community members that approached the team member conducting the pedestrian counts (April 5 and 6) and expressed an interest in the study were asked to complete a questionnaire. A total of eight questionnaires were completed. 1. Do you or anyone in your household walk to and from your home and a. b. c. d. e. f. 2. San Xavier del Bac Mission – 5 San Xavier Mission School – 4 San Xavier District Offices – 4 Recreation Center and/or Education Center – 6 Indian Health Center – 4 Desert Diamond Casino on Nogales Highway – 2 If yes, how often: a. Daily – 3 b. Weekly – 1 c. several times a month – 4 3. Do you feel safe walking in your community? a. Yes – 4 b. No – 4 If No, please explain unsafe locations: - 4. Santa Cruz Bridge the road is too narrow, we have to walk on the side (dirt) along Mission Road vehicles drive too fast no walkways or pathways Does anyone in your household ride a bicycle within the community? a. Yes – 4 b. No – 4 Other Comments: - I think there should be a walking path on the side of the pavement road Widen road and add bike lanes and sidewalks for pedestrians and bicyclists (make it) safe for everyone Bike trails, scenic walk areas away from roads Running trails and bike trails off road Final Report Page 34 December 31, 2009 B. FUTURE CONDITIONS 1. Demographic Projections 1.1 Socioeconomics The Pima Association of Governments (PAG) is the metropolitan planning organization for Pima County jurisdictions as well as the Pascua Yaqui Tribe and Tohono O’odham Nation. PAG has developed population projections for Tucson and Pima County. Using these projections, and estimates of the population of the San Xavier District of the Tohono O’odham Nation, the following projections are provided. For the purposes of this study (study area shown in Figure 1), population growth for the San Xavier District is projected to be comparable to the City of Tucson, with approximately 1.5 percent compounded annual growth through the 2030 planning horizon. Table 7 Year Population Projections for San Xavier District, Tucson, and Pima County San Xavier District Tucson Pima County 2008 2,050 543,959 1,014,023 2014 2,229 591,382 1,132,783 2020 2,455 651,553 1,283,210 2030 2,816 747,237 1,522,420 Limited information is available regarding development plans within the District. Discussions with the technical advisory committee indicate there is a proposed commercial development, located on the northern edge of the District at the intersection of Mission and Drexel roads. The development, proposed for the 160 acres straddling Mission Road, would include retail and office development. The consultant for the development has not resubmitted site plans to the Community for review as of the date of this report. Therefore, no detailed information is available to incorporate into this Plan. 1.2 Activity Centers Activity centers that could potentially generate pedestrian activity and bicycle trips were identified. In addition, pedestrian observations and counts were done at several locations (refer to Section A Current Conditions). Observations revealed that the pedestrian and bicycle activity was greatest on Sundays at the San Xavier del Bac Mission Church, coinciding with the religious services. The following summarizes the anticipated changes, if any, at several of these locations. San Xavier Mission School The current enrollment of the San Xavier Mission School is approximately 150 students. The school is anticipating that their enrollment will not exceed 200 students in the future. San Xavier Coop Farm The San Xavier Coop Farm has plans for future development that include improvements along San Xavier Road that would result in a much improved pedestrian environment. Plans envision planting fruit trees and a developed pathway along the northern edge of San Xavier Road. Employment at the Coop Farm, currently under 30, is not anticipated at this time to change significantly in the future. Final Report Page 35 December 31, 2009 Education and Recreation Center With increases in the Community population over the coming years, it anticipated that the Education and Recreation Center will become busier, and that a greater number of Community members will be accessing these sites. At this time, there are no known expansion plans for the centers. San Xavier Health Center The interviews with stakeholders associated with the San Xavier Health Center conducted during the Existing Conditions portion of this study stated there is little pedestrian or bicycle traffic to the Center at this time. Future pedestrian and bicycle system improvements may reveal there is latent demand for these non-motorized routes. 2. Programmed and Planned Improvements There are several projects in the area that are underway or planned. The PAG 2010-2014 Transportation Improvement Plan (TIP) notes the projects below. The TIP is a federally mandated, five-year capital improvement program for transportation projects throughout the region. 2.1 Roadway San Xavier and Little Nogales Intersection Study This intersection is along one of only two routes from off-reservation to the San Xavier del Bac Mission. This intersection floods almost every year during heavy storms. In order to build other improvements at the intersection, the flooding needs to be resolved. In January 2009, the Pima Association of Governments approved an amendment to the 2009-2013 TIP, which included $50,000 to conduct engineering and drainage studies. 2.2 Bicycle and Pedestrian San Xavier Elderly/Pedestrian Safety Improvements at Mission Plaza Visitors and community members were concerned about access to the Mission, especially for elderly and disabled individuals. To respond to these concerns, sidewalks and curb improvements are currently underway. Sidewalks encircle and cross the plaza area, providing alternative, accessible routes for visitors and church members to access the Mission entrance. An additional improvement is a new gateway sign at the north end of Little Nogales Drive where it enters the plaza. These improvements are an important component of pedestrian movement in the Mission area. Pedestrian Bridge Project The San Xavier Loop Road Pedestrian Bridge Project will provide a pedestrian crossing structure over the Santa Cruz River adjacent to the I-19 southbound on-ramp bridge. This project is one component of the District’s Master Plan to create a pedestrian pathway connecting current and future social, historical, and recreational areas of the community. HDR prepared a Project Assessment report for this project in April 2009. The proposed pedestrian bridge structure is parallel to, but far enough away from, the existing vehicular bridge to accommodate future widening or replacement of the existing vehicular bridge. The recommendation of the Project Assessment report is to place the new pedestrian bridge structure on the south side of the existing Santa Cruz River bridge. The typical section for the pedestrian bridge will have a 12-foot clear walkway. Placing the new pedestrian structure on the south side of the existing bridge reduces the potential conflicts with existing site conditions. An important advantage to a south side alignment is the wider Final Report Page 36 December 31, 2009 ROW will allow the structure to be placed as far as possible from the existing bridge and minimize impacts to the existing substructure and project costs. One conflict with the bridge being located on the south side would be the need for pedestrians to cross the southbound I-19 on-ramp, which is located approximately 60 feet from the end of the proposed bridge. The average daily traffic count reported during the current study was 800. The visibility is good for pedestrians at the on-ramp to allow for a safe crossing. There is existing guardrail on both shoulders of the on-ramp and a break in the guardrail would be designed to allow pedestrians to cross the ramp safely. The recommended alternative is a prefabricated steel truss bridge at a cost of $1,998,000. Funding for this project has been identified in the Pima Association of Governments 5-Year Regional Transportation Improvement Program. The project will be funded from the Federal Surface Transportation Program (STP) in Fiscal Year 2012 and is currently programmed for $1,500,000. This bridge is critical to overall safer pedestrian and bicycle movement across the Santa Cruz River. It will provide much needed access between the community facilities on the west side of the river and the east side. 3. Roadway Projections and Condition Current traffic counts were collected by the HDR team and reported in Section A Current Conditions. Projected traffic volumes are from PAG and the projected population counts are noted in Section 1. Demographic Projections. 3.1 Current Traffic Conditions (2009) Current traffic volumes were discussed in Section A Current Conditions. In summary, traffic volumes range from a high of 5,340 trips a day on San Xavier Road (east and west bound combined), from Ventura Drive to I-19, to a low of 733 on Little Nogales Drive, south of Wa:k Lane (north and south bound combined). 3.2 Future Traffic Projections (2014 and 2030) Future year 2010-2014 Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) Projected Traffic Volumes and 2030 Regional Long Range Transportation Planning (RTP) Projected Traffic Volumes were obtained using the regional travel demand model developed by PAG, last updated on April 16, 20095. PAG maintains a regional travel demand model to support and promote the best possible forecasting of future travel for the region. This model has been calibrated and validated using available traffic counts, national average modeling parameters, census and household survey data, and other available transportation data for the PAG region.   Future year 2010-2014 TIP Projected Traffic Volumes are generated based on 2014 regional population/employment projections and the roadway/transit improvements adopted in the 2010-14 TIP. Future year 2030 RTP Projected Traffic Volumes are generated based regional population/ employment projections and the roadway/transit improvements adopted in 2030 RTP. The model provided daily, two-hour morning (AM Peak, 6:30-8:30 AM) and two-hour afternoon (PM Peak, 4:00-6:00 PM) peak traffic volume estimates along study roadway segments. The following ________________________ 5 Projections were not done for 2020 as there is a decrease in traffic volume from 2014-2030 due to regional growth and planned roadway/transit improvement along the some of the reported roadway segments. Final Report Page 37 December 31, 2009 table shows the future year traffic volumes for daily, AM, and PM peak hours. Figures 16 and 17 illustrate the traffic count locations along with the traffic volumes. Table 8 Segment Years 2014 and 2030 Traffic Volumes Daily Volumes 2010From To 2014 2030 AM Peak 20102014 2030 PM Peak 20102014 2030 San Xavier Rd I-19 NB On Ramp Ventura Dr 15,000 15,100 1,050 1,550 1,300 1,450 San Xavier Rd I-19 SB Off Ramp I-19 NB On Ramp 13,400 13,300* 1,100 1,000* 1,200 1,400 San Xavier Rd Little Nogales Dr I-19 SB Off Ramp 14,300 14,800 1,100 1,000* 1,450 1,700 San Xavier Rd Mission Rd Little Nogales Dr 10,500 9.800* 900 800* 1,250 900* Mission Rd Valencia Rd San Xavier Rd 8,800 9,500 700 950 950 1,100 Little Nogales Dr San Xavier Rd (N) San Xavier Rd (S) 13,400 10,300* 1,100 800* 1,450 950* Note: Volumes were obtained by equally dividing the PAG two-hour peak period volumes  A decrease in 2030 projected volumes was observed compared to 2014 projected volumes. This could be due to regional growth in conjunctions with roadway/transit improvements planned in vicinity of the San Xavier Study Area. Source: Pima Association of Governments (PAG) Regional Travel Demand Model, April 2009 Final Report Page 38 December 31, 2009 Valencia Road SEE INSET MAP Drexel Road San Xavier Pedestrian Access and Safety Study Figure 16 2014 Future Traffic Volume San Xavier District Boundary XXX Inset Map Area Average Daily Traffic Volume Main Map Area 615 (465) AM Peak (PM Peak) San Xavier Indian Res. Source: Pima County (2009), HDR. 12th Avenue Ventura Dr Los Reales Road 9 state 1 Inter Sant Mission Road a C ruz Riv er 8800 700 (950) Valencia Road San Xavier del Bac Mission San Xavier Health Center Rancho de Martinez ad Ro ier av nX Sa Nogales Highway Drive 11 1 00 34 0 (1 0 20 0) 0) 5100 700 (350) 0 580 50) (4 Little Nogales Education Center 450 ) 0 00 5 46 0 (6 15 13400 0) 45 1100 (1 Recreation Center Inters tate 1 9 10500 900 (1250) Desert Diamond Casino ) 0 90 00 13 (13 0 oad 105 er R i v Xa San 3800 200 (40 San Xavier Rd 0 1340 450) (1 0 0 1 1 Los Reales Road Rev. August 20, 2009 Wa:k Lane N Campus Drive 0 .2 .35 .7 miles Valencia Road SEE INSET MAP Drexel Road San Xavier Pedestrian Access and Safety Study Figure 17 2030 Future Traffic Volume San Xavier District Boundary XXX Inset Map Area Average Daily Traffic Volume Main Map Area 615 (465) AM Peak (PM Peak) San Xavier Indian Res. Source: Pima County (2009), HDR. 12th Avenue Ventura Dr Los Reales Road 9 state 1 Inter Sant Mission Road a C ruz Riv er 9500 950 (1100) Valencia Road San Xavier del Bac Mission San Xavier Health Center Rancho de Martinez ad Ro ier av nX Sa Nogales Highway Drive 10 1 00 33 0 (1 0 40 0) 0) 4800 700 (300) 0 480 00) (3 Little Nogales Education Center 450 ) 0 00 5 52 0 (8 20 13900 0) 25 1000 (1 Recreation Center Inters tate 1 9 9800 800 (900) Desert Diamond Casino ) 0 80 00 13 (16 0 oad 125 er R i v Xa San 4400 200 (35 San Xavier Rd 0 1030 0) 5 (9 0 0 8 Los Reales Road Rev. August 20, 2009 Wa:k Lane N Campus Drive 0 .2 .35 .7 miles In summary, the traffic volumes within the San Xavier District are anticipated to double over the next 20 years. Without pedestrian improvements to the roadways, the walking environment will become increasingly inhospitable. 3.3 Vehicular Level of Service Analysis Methodology LOS is used to measure and describe the operations of a roadway network. The LOS grading system qualitatively characterizes traffic conditions associated with varying levels of traffic. For a two-lane highway, these levels range from LOS A, when the motorists are able to travel at their desired speed, to LOS F, which represents heavily congested flow with traffic volume exceeding capacity. LOS A, B, and C are generally considered to be satisfactory service levels, while the influence of congestion becomes more noticeable at LOS D. LOS E is undesirable and is considered by most agencies to be the limit of acceptable delay, and LOS F conditions are considered to be unacceptable to most drivers. In the Transportation Research Board’s Highway Capacity Manual (HCM, 2000), two-lane highways are further classified into Class I and Class II highways. In Class I highways, motorists expect to travel at relatively high speeds; whereas, in Class II highways, motorists do not necessarily expect to travel at high speeds. Class II highways function as access routes to Class I highways. The study roadways were treated as two-lane Class II highways for analysis purposes. Table 9 presents the LOS criteria for two-lane Class II highways. Table 9 LOS Criteria for Two-Lane Class II Highways Level of Service Percent Time – Spent - Following A < 40 B > 40 – 55 C > 55 – 70 D > 70 – 85 E > 85 Source: Transportation Research Board’s Highway Capacity Manual (HCM, 2000) Future year traffic LOS analysis for the study roadways was conducted using the Highway Capacity Software (HCS+) based on Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) for a two-lane Class II highway. The following are some of the additional assumptions used for conducting the analysis. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Peak Hour Factor = 0.92 Percent of Trucks, Bus and Recreational Vehicles = 2 Access Points per mile = 5 Class II Highway - (per HCM Section 12, page 12-2) Posted Speed limits were used as measured speed Traffic volumes were used as observed volumes Final Report Page 41 December 31, 2009 Future Vehicular Level of Service Roadway segment LOS analysis for future year 2014 and 2030 AM and PM peak periods was conducted using the PAG model estimates. AM and PM peak hourly traffic volumes were derived by splitting the two-hour model volumes equally. No further adjustment on the peak hour model volumes was conducted. As there are no planned roadway capacity improvements along study roadway segments, the existing roadway conditions and traffic control were used for future year analysis. The table below shows the LOS at various segments in the study area. As shown in Table 10, the study roadway segments would operate at an LOS D or better under years 2014 and 2030 conditions. Table 10 Segment Vehicular Level of Service From To Speed (mph) 2014 LOS AM PM 2030 LOS AM PM San Xavier Rd. I-19 NB On Ramp Ventura Dr 35 C D D D San Xavier Rd I-19 SB Off Ramp I-19 NB On Ramp 35 C C C D San Xavier Rd Little Nogales Dr I-19 SB Off Ramp 35 C D C D San Xavier Rd Mission Rd Little Nogales Dr 30* C C B C Mission Rd Valencia Rd San Xavier Rd 45 B C C C Little Nogales Dr San Xavier Rd (N) San Xavier Rd (S) 30* C D B C Note: Volumes were obtained by equally dividing the PAG two-hour Peak period volumes * Although the posted speed limit is 25 mph, 30 mph was used as measured speed for analysis purposes due to the limitations of the software. Source: Pima Association of Governments (PAG) Regional Travel Demand Model, April 2009 4. Pedestrian and Bicycle 4.1 Level of Service Pedestrian and bicycle LOS were calculated along major roadways within the study area for years 2009, 2014, and 2030. The LOS discussed on the following pages do not reflect any changes to the pedestrian/bicycle environment. When the preferred alternative is developed, future pedestrian and bicycle LOS will be evaluated based on the proposed improvements. The methodology employed in this report is that used by the League of Illinois Bicyclists. The source of that methodology was two reports prepared by Bruce Landis et al. of Sprinkle Consulting for the Transportation Research Board in 1997 and 2001. The pedestrian and bicycle LOS (PLOS and BLOS, respectively) measures developed by Landis et al. are emerging national standards for quantifying the friendliness of a roadway. While other “level of service” indices relate to traffic capacity, the BLOS measures indicate bicyclist comfort level for specific roadway geometries and traffic conditions; similarly, PLOS measures the walking conditions. PLOS and BLOS evaluation is useful in several ways; some are listed below: 1. Identify the most appropriate routes for inclusion in the community bicycle/pedestrian network. 2. Determine “weak links” in the network and prioritize needed site improvements. 3. Evaluate alternate treatments for improving pedestrian and bicycle friendliness of a roadway. 4. Include PLOS and BLOS in road selection formulas to encourage implementation of pedestrian and bicycle planning goals. 5. Tie these performance measures to goals and policies for all road projects. Policies can range from simply reporting pedestrian/bicycle impacts up to target LOS levels. Final Report Page 42 December 31, 2009 Definitions Bicycle Level of Service BLOS is a qualitative/quantitative measurement indicating the comfort level of a bicyclist relative to the specific roadway and traffic conditions. The BLOS measures on-road bicycling conditions, not separate trails, and midblock cross-sections rather than intersections. BLOS is also not applicable for sidewalks and side paths - paths parallel to and separated from the roadway. Roadways with a better (lower) score are more attractive (and usually safer) for cyclists. BLOS is a function of set of parameters that affect the comfort and safety level of bicyclist. They are: 1. Motorized traffic, which constitute traffic volume, speed, percentage of trucks, and percentage of occupied parking; 2. Roadway elements, which include number of lanes, pavement condition, width of outside lane, and width of extra pavement (shoulder/parking/bike lanes). Pedestrian Level of Service PLOS measure the walker’s perception of comfort and safety. PLOS is measured at mid-block crossings, including any sidewalks and buffers, but not at intersections. Table 11 describes the PLOS levels and scores for measurement. PLOS is a function of a set of parameters that affect the comfort and safety level of pedestrians. They are: 1. Motorized traffic volume, speed, and percentage of occupied parking; 2. Roadway elements, which include number of lanes, width of outside lane, and width of extra pavement (shoulder/parking/bike lanes); 3. Sidewalk, which includes width of sidewalk, buffer width, and type (e.g., tree spacing). Table 11 illustrates the thresholds for both BLOS and PLOS levels. Table 11 Pedestrian Level of Service (PLOS) and Bicycle Level of Service (BLOS) Levels and Scores Level of Service PLOS and BLOS Score Compatibility Level A ≤ 1.5 Extremely High B > 1.5 and ≤ 2.5 Very High C > 2.5 and ≤ 3.5 Moderately High D > 3.5 and ≤ 4.5 Moderately Low E > 4.5 and ≤ 5.5 Very Low F > 5.5 Extremely Low 4.2 Analysis Study Scenarios and Assumptions The analysis was conducted along the major roadway segments in the San Xavier District study area. The scenarios are all based upon the existing roadway conditions, speed limits, and existing traffic control along the roadway segments. The following are the study scenarios: Existing 2009: Final Report The BLOS and PLOS was conducted using the existing traffic volumes collected on March 19, 2009 Page 43 December 31, 2009 Future 2014: The BLOS and PLOS were conducted using the PAG model future year 2014 traffic projections Future 2030: The BLOS and PLOS were conducted using the PAG model future year 2030 traffic projections Following are some additional assumptions used for conducting the analysis.  Width of outside lane, to outside stripe = 12 feet  Percentage of heavy vehicles = 2 percent  The Federal Highway Administrations’ (FHWA) pavement condition rating = 4 (where Default is 4-Good, 5-Best and 1-Worst) Analysis Findings Existing 2009  The study roadway segments operate at BLOS D or better.  The study roadway segments operate at PLOS D or better. Future 2014  The study roadway segments will operate at BLOS D.  The study roadway segments will operate at PLOS E6, while San Xavier Road between Mission Road and Little Nogales Drive will operate at PLOS D. Future 2030  The study roadway segments will operate at BLOS D.  San Xavier Road between Little Nogales Drive and Ventura Drive, and Mission Road between Valencia Road and San Xavier Road will operate at PLOS E7, while,  San Xavier Road between Mission Road and Little Nogales Drive, where the speed limit is 25 mph, will operate at PLOS D or better. Table 12 shows the BLOS and PLOS at various segments in the study area. The BLOS and PLOS analysis reports with input variables and the output results are included in the Appendix D. Appendix E summarizes the formulas developed by Bruce Landis et al. for the League of Illinois Bicyclists for calculating BLOS and PLOS. Table 12 Segment PLOS and BLOS Along Study Roadway Segments From To Existing 2009 Speed Traffic Traffic (mph) Volume BLOS PLOS Volume 2030 2014 BLOS Traffic PLOS Volume BLOS PLOS 15,100 D E E 13,300* D E D E 14,800 D E D D 9,800* D D San Xavier Rd I-19 NB On Ramp Ventura Dr 35 5,340 D D 15,000 D E San Xavier Rd I-19 SB Off Ramp I-19 NB On Ramp 35 5,015 D D 13,400 D San Xavier Rd Little Nogales Dr I-19 SB Off Ramp 35 4,435 D D 14,300 San Xavier Rd Mission Rd Little Nogales Dr 25 3,016 C D 10,500 ________________________ 6 7 Based on 2014 PAG projected traffic volumes with existing roadway and traffic control conditions. Based on 2030 PAG projected traffic volumes with existing roadway and traffic control conditions. Final Report Page 44 December 31, 2009 Existing 2009 Segment From To Speed Traffic (mph) Volume BLOS 2030 2014 Traffic PLOS Volume BLOS Traffic PLOS Volume BLOS PLOS Mission Rd Valencia Rd San Xavier Rd 45 4,061 D D 8,800 D E 9,500 D E Little Nogales Dr San Xavier Rd (N) San Xavier Rd (S) 25 3,435 C D 13,400 D E 10,300* D D Little Nogales Dr Wa:k Ln Campus Dr 25 733 B C NA NA NA NA NA NA Note: NA-Roadway segment is not included in PAG model; hence, future projected volumes are not available. *A decrease in 2030 projected volumes was observed compared to 2014 projected volumes. This could be due to regional growth in conjunction with roadway/transit improvements planned in the vicinity this project’s study area. The anticipated traffic growth as a result of regional growth, in conjunction with roadway/transit improvements planned in and around the San Xavier study area, would reduce the compatibility level of existing roadways for bicyclists and pedestrians, along with vehicular traffic, to very low conditions. Roadway improvements should take into consideration the inclusion of sidewalks, paved shoulders, trails, and traffic calming elements because it will make the community more walkable by improving the bicyclist and pedestrian compatibility Figures 18 through 23 illustrate the existing (2009), 2014, and 2030 levels of service for pedestrians and bicyclists. Final Report Page 45 December 31, 2009 Valencia Road SEE INSET MAP San Xavier Pedestrian Access and Safety Study Drexel Road Figure 18 Pedestrian Level of Service Existing 2009 San Xavier District Boundary Main Map Area Mission Road Level A Level B Level C Level D Level E Level F San Xavier Indian Res. Source: Pima County (2009), HDR. Valencia Road Los Reales Road Desert Diamond Casino San oad er R i Xav Sant a C ru z R iver Mission Road Los Reales Road San Xavier Rd San Xavier del Bac Mission San Xavier Health Center Little Nogales Drive Recreation Center Education Center Wa:k Lane Nogales Highway Rancho de Martinez 19 N Campus Drive 0 .2 .35 .7 miles Valencia Road SEE INSET MAP June 22, 2009 San Xavier Pedestrian Access and Safety Study Drexel Road Figure 19 Bicycle Level of Service Existing 2009 San Xavier District Boundary Main Map Area Mission Road Level A Level B Level C Level D Level E Level F San Xavier Indian Res. Source: Pima County (2009), HDR. Valencia Road Los Reales Road Desert Diamond Casino San oad er R i Xav Sant a C ru z R iver Mission Road Los Reales Road San Xavier Rd San Xavier del Bac Mission San Xavier Health Center Drive Campus Drive Little Nogales Recreation Center Education Center Wa:k Lane Nogales Highway Rancho de Martinez 19 N 0 .2 . 35 .7 miles June 22, 2009 Valencia Road SEE INSET MAP San Xavier Pedestrian Access and Safety Study Drexel Road Figure 20 Pedestrian Level of Service 2014 San Xavier District Boundary Main Map Area Mission Road Level A Level B Level C Level D Level E Level F San Xavier Indian Res. Source: Pima County (2009), HDR. Valencia Road Los Reales Road Desert Diamond Casino San oad er R i Xav Sant a C ruz Riv er Mission Road Los Reales Road San Xavier Rd San Xavier del Bac Mission San Xavier Health Center Little Nogales Drive Recreation Center Education Center Wa:k Lane Nogales Highway Rancho de Martinez 19 N Campus Drive 0 .2 .35 .7 miles Valencia Road SEE INSET MAP June 22, 2009 San Xavier Pedestrian Access and Safety Study Drexel Road Figure 21 Bicycle Level of Service 2014 San Xavier District Boundary Main Map Area Mission Road Level A Level B Level C Level D Level E Level F San Xavier Indian Res. Source: Pima County (2009), HDR. Valencia Road Los Reales Road Desert Diamond Casino San oad er R i Xav Sant a C ruz Riv er Mission Road Los Reales Road San Xavier Rd San Xavier del Bac Mission San Xavier Health Center Drive Campus Drive Little Nogales Recreation Center Education Center Wa:k Lane Nogales Highway Rancho de Martinez 19 N 0 .2 . 35 .7 miles June 22, 2009 Valencia Road SEE INSET MAP San Xavier Pedestrian Access and Safety Study Drexel Road Figure 22 Pedestrian Level of Service 2030 San Xavier District Boundary Main Map Area Mission Road Level A Level B Level C Level D Level E Level F San Xavier Indian Res. Source: Pima County (2009), HDR. Valencia Road Los Reales Road Desert Diamond Casino San oad er R i Xav Sant a C ru z R iv er Mission Road Los Reales Road San Xavier Rd San Xavier del Bac Mission San Xavier Health Center Little Nogales Drive Recreation Center Education Center Wa:k Lane Nogales Highway Rancho de Martinez 19 N Campus Drive 0 .2 .35 .7 miles Valencia Road SEE INSET MAP June 22, 2009 San Xavier Pedestrian Access and Safety Study Drexel Road Figure 23 Bicycle Level of Service 2030 San Xavier District Boundary Main Map Area Mission Road Level A Level B Level C Level D Level E Level F San Xavier Indian Res. Source: Pima County (2009), HDR. Valencia Road Los Reales Road Desert Diamond Casino San oad er R i Xav Sant a C ru z R iv er Mission Road Los Reales Road San Xavier Rd San Xavier del Bac Mission San Xavier Health Center Drive Campus Drive Little Nogales Recreation Center Education Center Wa:k Lane Nogales Highway Rancho de Martinez 19 N 0 .2 . 35 .7 miles June 22, 2009 C. PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT 1. Public Involvement Participation Summary ADOT provides PARA funds to non-metropolitan communities for the purpose of conducting transportation planning studies. In partnership with the San Xavier District Planning Department, ADOT is conducting the San Xavier District Pedestrian Access and Safety Study for the development of a system of pathways that connects residential areas to important District facilities such as the District Center, Recreation and Education Centers, Indian Health Services, and the San Xavier del Bac Mission Church and School. This plan for both community members and visiting public, will balance the need for pedestrian travel and the community’s desire for privacy. Outreach efforts were conducted to engage members of the San Xavier District community in the Pedestrian Access and Safety Study. Materials were produced for outreach activities such as forums, stakeholder meetings, and public open house. Following is a description of the various avenues utilized by the Study Team to communicate the plan process, the current status of the study, and to encourage active participation. The Study Team includes ADOT, HDR, and Kaneen Advertising & Public Relations. Copies of outreach materials discussed below are shown in Appendix F. 2. Public Outreach Opportunities 2.1 Study Questionnaire In March 2009, a Questionnaire was created to solicit input from community members on several potential projects being studied:  Current safety issues on the Santa Cruz River Pedestrian Bridge  The rebuilding of San Xavier Road to include a walking path for safe access to the Health Center  Safe Route to School pathways for children to safely walk from their homes to San Xavier School  Other pedestrian or bicycle route improvements in the District. The Questionnaire, along with a three-quarter page description of the Pedestrian Access and Safety Study, was published in the March 2009 Wa:k Newsletter. The write-up described the project and encouraged the community members to participate by answering the Questionnaire, which was attached to the monthly newsletter, and returning it to the District office in order for the Study Team to compile and analyze the information. Also, on the back side of the Questionnaire was a map of the District area on which participants could mark the paths they or family members use on a regular basis to walk from their home to another destination in the community. In order to encourage more participation from the community, reminder flyers, along with the Questionnaire and map on the reverse, were posted on community bulletin boards located throughout the San Xavier District. For some residents, this method of communication is the most convenient because they can stop and read about District updates on their daily travels, since walking is the main form of transportation in the community. Also, for some, this is the only way residents become informed. Final Report Page 49 December 31, 2009 2.2 Public Involvement Overview with San Xavier District Chairman On January 29, 2009, Community Outreach staff met with Chairman Austin Nuñez to discuss different methods of reaching San Xavier District community members. Community outreach within the District is different from the usual methods used in the Tucson community, because of privacy issues and lack of exact addresses to contact residents by regular mail. The Wa:k Newsletter was determined to be the best way to disseminate information; however, not all community members read the newsletter. Other options discussed with the Chairman were posting information on the community bulletin boards and releasing information through group and neighborhood leaders who would in turn inform their special interest groups about the study and encourage their members’ participation. Other options discussed were using comment or opinion forms at the public open house, creating a fact sheet or other visual materials for distribution, and meeting directly with leaders of the special interest or event groups. 2.3 Meeting With Pow Wow Committee Members With a recommendation from Chairman Nuñez, the Study Team met with the Pow Wow Event Committee to discuss the Study Team’s participation at the 27th Annual Wa:k Pow Wow on March 14 and 15, 2009. The goal was to be represented in a booth at the Pow Wow to be available to discuss and give out information regarding the Pedestrian and Safety Study. After talking with the Committee, it was determined that this would probably not be a good idea since most of the people attending the Pow Wow would be visitors and members of the District Community would be working in the food booths or participating in other Pow Wow events. The Team briefed the Pow Wow Committee on the Pedestrian and Access Safety Study and handed out 200 Questionnaires for committee members to distribute to their friends, neighbors and others with instructions to return them to the District Office for review by the Planning Department staff and Study Team. 2.3 Public Open House On July 14, 2009, the Public Open House was held at the San Xavier District Center. A full-page meeting notice was published in the June and July Wa:k Newsletter and the notice was posted on community bulletin boards. After welcoming attendees and introducing the Study Team, the San Xavier Planning Department presented the Study’s purpose and how community members could help by giving their suggestions and opinions about the type of pathways and locations for pathways needed in the Community. ADOT then presented the Study overview, and HDR made a presentation of the overall San Xavier Pedestrian Access and Safety Study. Comment cards were available for participants to fill out and return at the meeting or return later to the District office. Attendance was small, but those who were there were there were very interested and had good questions for the staff. During table discussions, they were encouraged to provide additional information about issues and concerns for the project area. The table discussions had community leaders/residents in attendance that were enthusiastic and knowledgeable about the pedestrian safety and access needs within the District. The project team got to spend more than an hour with the group at the table maps, where many diagrams were written on the map with verbal discussion as to what the drawings represented in terms of needs and areas of concern. The design team agreed that this was highly valuable and informative opportunity to gauge the needs and issues related to pedestrian safety and access. Meeting minutes are transcribed in Appendix G. Final Report Page 50 December 31, 2009 2.4 Additional Outreach Two maps were posted on foam core board with a marker attached and easy-to-read instructions on how to provide comments on the maps using the marker. The maps were posted in the lobby of the San Xavier administration building from July 24 to August 4, 2009. The lobby secretary received additional comment cards and instructions. The second map was circulated throughout several District departments for one to two days at a time. The departments included Water Rights, Southern Arizona Water Rights Settlement Act, Council, Housing, Human Resources, Finance, and Elders. Comments written on the maps included: Dead Man’s Curve (the curve in San Xavier Road between I-19 and J. Stock Road) is a safety concern. The curve in Mission Road (just north of Gok Kawulk Wo:g and the intersection of Little Nogales and San Xavier Road) is a safety concern. San Xavier Road (between Little Nogales and I-19) is a safety concern. A recommendation was made for speed bumps or speed tables on Little Nogales Drive. Final Report Page 51 December 31, 2009 D. PEDESTRIAN ACCESS IMPROVEMENT PLAN 1. Introduction The San Xavier District of the Tohono O’odham Nation is home to approximately 2,000 people. Numerous others come to the District to visit the San Xavier del Bac Mission Church. The San Xavier District Pedestrian Access and Safety Study is being prepared to improve the walking and bicycling environment on the San Xavier District for Community members and visitors alike. The study is being funded by ADOT Multimodal Planning Division’s PARA program. The PARA program provides federal funds to non-metropolitan communities for the purpose of conducting transportation planning studies. All Native American tribes in Arizona are eligible for funding and PARA funds may be applied to address a broad range of planning issues related to roadway and nonmotorized transportation modes. ADOT encourages communities to focus their requests for funding on the most critical transportation planning needs identified in their communities; hence the focus here on pedestrians and bicyclists. The Community desires to establish a system of pathways that connects residential areas with community centers in safety and privacy. In 2006, the San Xavier District Planning Department prepared a Pedestrian Access Concept Plan that identified a 5.5-mile network of pathways linking residential areas with community activity centers. The HDR Engineering, Inc. Project Team built on this first effort to prepare a pedestrian improvement plan that prioritizes needs and links projects to specific funding sources. This study encompasses the most densely populated region of the District, generally that area of the District north of Campus Drive and east of Mission Road. Refer to Figure 1 Study Area. 2. Alternatives Three alternatives were developed for the study area. The plans included combinations of paths and trails of varying widths and routes that connected the primary destinations in the Community. All of the alternatives included improved routes between the Mission, Mission School, Recreation and Education centers, and the Health Center because is was determined based on public outreach and traffic analysis that these were critical destinations. For the plans, and to adopt a growing consensus on terminology, paths are paved routes and trails are unpaved routes. Paved path material can be asphalt, concrete, or other similar material. Unpaved trails can be the native surface with large rocks removed, stabilized granite, or other similar material. 2.1 Clear Zones The ROW width of the major roads in the study area is 60 feet. Pavement widths are either 22 or 24 feet. This leaves 18 to 19 feet on either side of the road for a path or trail. Because the pavement is flush with the surrounding grade (there are no curbs or gutters), this area beyond the pavement is also the clear zone for vehicular traffic, based on American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials standards. Clear zones are unobstructed, relatively flat areas beyond the edge of the traveled way that allow a driver to stop safely or regain control of a vehicle that leaves the traveled way. Clear zones should have as few walls, barriers, piers, sign and signal supports, mature trees, landscaping items, and power poles as possible. Final Report Page 52 December 31, 2009 Clear zone standards for roads in the study area are shown in the table below: Design Speed ADT 1V:6H or flatter* 40 mph or less Under 750 750 – 1500 1500 – 6000 Over 6000 7 – 10 10 – 12 12 – 14 14 – 16 45 - 50 mph Under 750 750 – 1500 1500 – 6000 Over 600 10 – 12 14 - 16 16 - 18 20 - 22 V = vertical, H = horizontal Source: AASHTO Roadside Design Guide (3). Paths and trails were kept as far from the road and clear zone as possible. In cases where the clear zone did not encompass the entire ROW, the path or trail was moved closer to the road to allow for an area of landscaping between path or trail and the ROW. These landscape areas can include shade trees because they are out of the clear zone. Segment From To Speed (mph) ADT Recommended Clear Zone Width (ft) San Xavier Rd. I-19 NB On Ramp Ventura Dr. 35 5340 12 to 14 San Xavier Rd. I-19 SB Off Ramp I-19 NB On Ramp 35 5015 12 to 14 San Xavier Rd. Little Nogales Dr. I-19 SB Off Ramp 35 4435 12 to 14 San Xavier Rd. Mission Rd. Little Nogales Dr. 25 3016 12 to 14 Mission Rd. Valencia Rd. San Xavier Rd. 45 4061 16 to 18 Little Nogales Dr. San Xavier Rd. (north) San Xavier Rd. (south) 25 3435 12 to 14 Little Nogales Dr. Wa:k Ln. Campus Dr. 25 733 7 to 10 2.2 Crossings In addition to crosswalks, the alternatives proposed a variety of crossings to allow pedestrians to cross roads as safely as possible and to slow down vehicular traffic, especially in areas of higher pedestrian traffic. Three types of crossings are proposed: 1. speed tables 2. high visibility crossings, and 3. HAWK crossings. Final Report Page 53 December 31, 2009 1) Speed tables are a traffic calming device designed as a long speed hump with a flat section in the middle. The long, flat design allows cars to pass without slowing as significantly as with speed humps or cushions. The speed tables for this project should include marking and signing that indicate it is a pedestrian crossing. 2) High visibility crossings have highly visible pavement markings and signs indicating the presence of pedestrians. 3) HAWK stands for High-intensity Activated crossWalK. The HAWK uses traditional traffic and pedestrian signal heads but in a different configuration. It includes a sign instructing motorists to “stop on red” and a “pedestrians” overhead sign. Speed table Crossing High-visibility Crossing Source: Pedestrian Policies and Design Guidelines, 2005, MAG. Source: Safety Effects of Marked Versus Unmarked Crosswalks at Uncontrolled Locations, Sept. 2005, FHWA. 3. HAWK Crossing Source: Michael Cynecki Preferred Alternative The technical advisory committee reviewed the alternatives and developed a preferred alternative which was presented to the public at an open house on July 14, 2009. The preferred alternative, Figure 24, was a combination of the three concept alternatives. The preferred alternative has: 10-foot concrete multiuse paths, 6-foot concrete paths, 8-foot asphalt paths, 6-foot asphalt paths, and 8-foot trails. Figure 25 illustrates the cross section of each facility relative to the roadway, indicating the clear zones. Comments from the public open house and returned comment cards included: Prefer trails over paths Prefer no paths or trails on Mission Road – feel it is unsafe Path/trail lighting in the area around the Mission and down to the recreation center Add amenities at locations where people are waiting for the circulator bus Reroute the path at Dead Man’s curve to an alignment just north of San Xavier Road Consider speed tables on Mission Road Provide a HAWK crossing at Mission and Los Reales roads rather than a crosswalk With the current traffic flow running through the community, I believe the changes recommended should be done. We sometimes forget how important safety is to the community of San Xavier. I think adding safe walking paths around the community would be very helpful and safe. Biking areas would also be helpful. No vehicles of any kind driving on the road shoulder throwing dust (illegal). Designated bus stops with canopy (for bad weather) with benches. Speed humps are needed on community land; people drive by like it’s a freeway and create a lot of dust. There were comments provided beyond the scope of this pedestrian improvement project: Traffic improvements at the intersection of Mission Road and Los Reales Road. Final Report Page 54 December 31, 2009 Cut through traffic on McCabe Drive between Valencia Road and Mission Road. Comments were noted on maps that were posted or circulated in the District between July 24 and August 4, 2009 (see 6.1 Outreach Opportunities this section). They included: Dead Man’s Curve (the curve in San Xavier Road between I-19 and J. Stock Road is a safety concern). Other safety concerns include the curve in Mission Road just north of Gok Kawulk Wo:g and the intersection of Little Nogales and San Xavier Road. San Xavier Road, between Little Nogales and I-19, has also been labeled as “unsafe.” A recommendation was made for speed bumps or speed tables on Little Nogales Drive. Final Report Page 55 December 31, 2009 Los Reales Road E E Mission Road C G F Campus Drive Education Center D G D F Speed Table Rancho de Martinez San Xavier del Bac Mission A Recreation Center Wog awulk B Convert speed humps to speed tables San Xavier Mission School San Xavier Road C Gok K B oad B Valencia Roadd Drexel Road San Xavier Health Center H H Sa av nX oa d R ier High Visibility Ro ad Current pedestrian improvements at Mission not shown at this scale Speed Table H Source: HDR. H Preferred Alternative 0 San Xavier District Boundary 10-foot Concrete Multiuse Path 6-foot Concrete Path 8-foot Asphalt Path 6-foot Asphalt Path 8-foot Trail Crossing (crosswalk(s) unless noted otherwise) Potential Locations for Amenities Area of Pedestrian-level Lighting Cross Section (see Figure 3) Figure 24 .2 .35 .7 Little No F F F miles N Desert Diamond Casino Los Reales Road High Visibility October 2, 2009 San Xavier Indian Res. Main Map Area Inset n t Map Area San Xavier Pedestrian Access and Safety Study Ventura Dr Mission R A Wa:k Lane B HAWK E MAP NSE SEE INSET Nogales Highway Valencia Road S anta Cru z R iv er 9 state 1 Inter 12th Avenue k toc JS gales Dri ve F San Xavier Pedestrian Access and Safety Study 60’ ROW Figure 25 8’ Asphalt Path 24’ Pavement Preferred Alternative Roadway Cross Sections Right-of-way Line Roadway Centerline Clear Zone (no vertical obstructions allowed) (Alternate Side) SECTION A-A: San Xavier Road - Little Nogales Drive to Los Reales Road Source: HDR Note: Sections are shown facing north or east, respective of street direction October 2, 2009 60’ ROW 8’ Trail 24’ Pavement 6’ Asphalt Path SECTION B-B: Mission Road - San Xavier Road to Drexel Road 60’ ROW 60’ ROW 6’ Concrete Path 24’ Pavement 6’ Concrete Path SECTION C-C: San Xavier Road - Mission Road to Gok Kawulk Wog 22’ Pavement 8’ Trail SECTION F-F: Wa:k Lane and Campus Drive - Mission Road to Little Nogales Drive Little Nogales Drive - Campus Drive to Path to Recreation Center 60’ ROW 10’ Multiuse Path 22’ Pavement 60’ ROW 10’ Multiuse Path SECTION D-D: San Xavier Road and Little Nogales Drive - Gok Kawulk Wog to San Xavier Road 10’ Multiuse Path 22’ Pavement SECTION G-G: Little Nogales Drive - Path to Recreation Center to San Xavier Road Min. 5’ 60’ ROW 8’ Trail 24’ Pavement SECTION E-E: Mission Road - Campus Drive to San Xavier Road 6’ Asphalt Path 22’ Pavement SECTION H-H: J Stock Road - South of San Xavier Road 3.1 Proposed Materials and Amenities The preferred alternative has paths and trails. The proposed materials for the path are concrete or asphalt. Concrete is proposed in the core area of the community as it is the most durable and maintenance-free material for a heavy-use area. Concrete and asphalt paths are accessible and accommodate walkers, joggers, bicyclists, roller bladers, skate boarders, and wheelchairs. They appear more rigid and geometric (i.e., man-made) in the natural environment. The other paths are proposed as asphalt because the material is less intrusive. Trails are proposed as stabilized granite in a color to blend with the surrounding natural landscape. Stabilized granite provides a firm material that can accommodate bicycles, stroller, and wheelchair users to some degree. Trails will integrate the most into the landscape but are also most subject to erosion and damage. Concrete was recommended for the areas of highest potential use and asphalt for medium use. Trails were recommended where most expected users would be walkers. Concrete 3.2 Asphalt Stabilized Granite Lighting Lighting is proposed in the core area - San Xavier Road from Mission Road east to Little Nogales Drive and down Little Nogales to the path to the recreation center. The recommended solution is a low level, slender bollard similar to the ones shown below. Provided in a dark brown color, the fixture will blend better with the background during the day. Bollard Light 3.3 Bollard Light Bollard Light Amenities Amenities are recommended at several locations along the paths and trails. Many of the locations correspond to places that people currently wait for the local circulator bus. A simple shade structure is Final Report Page 58 December 31, 2009 recommended; one based on the new kiosks at the Mission or the indigenous shade structures, also seen at the Mission. A bench should also be provided at these locations. It is recommended that the bench be of sturdy material such as concrete (such as the one shown below). Trash receptacles could be considered; however, they should only be installed if there will be regular trash collection. As paths and trails are installed, bike racks should be installed at the major destinations (administration complex, Mission school, Mission, recreation center, education center, casino, and Indian Health Services complex) to encourage bicycle riding. Currently, there is one rack at the education center and one at the casino. As bicycle ridership increases, the number of racks also should increase. Racks should be sturdy (as shown below) but can also be custom designed to reflect an indigenous character. Bike racks are sometimes available through regional funds and this option should be explored. 3.4 Kiosk at Mission Shade Structure at Mission Bench Bike Racks – simple and custom Design Standards This report recommends that the San Xavier District consider developing and adopting streetscape design standards that would apply to District projects and projects developed within the District by others. The standards should include the installation of paths or trails along the roads as shown in the preferred plan or as updated by staff; shade trees where clear zones allow; indigenous shrubs or seeding; and amenities such as bus shelters, benches, and bike racks as recommended by staff. The pedestrian improvement projects listed in this report, when designed, should not impede drainage. Drainage impacts need to solved as part of the improvements or avoided. If paths or trails cross drainages at low-flow, cut-off walls should be considered to reduce potential damage to the crossings. Once these projects go into final design, the following should be revisited: Pima County Standards, new Pima County improvements, Intergovernmental Agreements, and clear zone widths. 4. Level of Service Pedestrian and bicycle levels of service were calculated with the proposed pedestrian access and safety improvements along major roadways as shown in Figure 24, the preferred alternative, for years 2014 and 2030 respectively. Final Report Page 59 December 31, 2009 The methodology employed is that used by the League of Illinois Bicyclists. The source of the methodology was two reports prepared by Bruce Landis et al. of Sprinkle Consulting for the Transportation Research Board in 1997 and 2001. The pedestrian and bicycle levels of service (PLOS and BLOS, respectively) measures developed by Landis et al. are emerging national standards for quantifying the friendliness of a roadway. 4.1 Definitions Pedestrian Level of Service (PLOS) measures a walker’s perception of comfort and safety. PLOS is measured at mid-block crossings, including any sidewalks and buffers, but not at intersections. Bicycle Level of Service (BLOS) is a qualitative/quantitative measurement indicating the comfort level of a bicyclist relative to the specific roadway and traffic conditions. Roadways with a better (lower) score are more attractive (and usually safer) for cyclists. Pedestrian and bicycle level of service is described in more detail in Sections A and B – Current and Future Conditions, respectively. 4.2 Study Scenarios and Assumptions A LOS analysis of the preferred alternative was conducted. The future year scenarios are all based upon the proposed improvements, as shown in Figures 26 through 29, speed limits, and traffic control along the roadway segments where the improvements occur. Following are the study scenarios: Final Report Page 60 December 31, 2009 Valencia Road SEE INSET MAP San Xavier Pedestrian Access and Safety Study Drexel Road Figure 26 Pedestrian Level of Service 2014 San Xavier District Boundary Main Map Area Mission Road Level A Level B Level C Level D Level E Level F San Xavier Indian Res. Source: Pima County (2009), HDR. Valencia Road Los Reales Road Desert Diamond Casino San oad er R i Xav Sant a C ruz Riv er Mission Road Los Reales Road Mission School San Xavier del Bac Mission San Xavier Health Center San Xavier Rd Little Nogales Nogales Highway Rancho de Martinez Recreation Center Education Center Drive Wa:k Lane 19 N Campus Drive 0 .2 .35 .7 miles Valencia Road SEE INSET MAP Oct. 2, 2009 San Xavier Pedestrian Access and Safety Study Drexel Road Figure 27 Bicycle Level of Service 2014 San Xavier District Boundary Main Map Area Mission Road Level A Level B Level C Level D Level E Level F San Xavier Indian Res. Source: Pima County (2009), HDR. Valencia Road Los Reales Road Desert Diamond Casino San oad er R i Xav Sant a C ruz Riv er Mission Road Los Reales Road Mission School San Xavier del Bac Mission San Xavier Health Center San Xavier Rd Education Center Drive Wa:k Lane Little Nogales Recreation Center Campus Drive Nogales Highway Rancho de Martinez 19 N 0 .2 . 35 .7 miles Oct. 2, 2009 Valencia Road SEE INSET MAP San Xavier Pedestrian Access and Safety Study Drexel Road Figure 28 Pedestrian Level of Service 2030 San Xavier District Boundary Main Map Area Mission Road Level A Level B Level C Level D Level E Level F San Xavier Indian Res. Source: Pima County (2009), HDR. Valencia Road Los Reales Road Desert Diamond Casino San oad er R i Xav Sant a C ruz Riv er Mission Road Los Reales Road Mission School San Xavier del Bac Mission San Xavier Health Center San Xavier Rd Little Nogales Nogales Highway Rancho de Martinez Recreation Center Education Center Drive Wa:k Lane 19 N Campus Drive 0 .2 .35 .7 miles Valencia Road SEE INSET MAP Oct. 2, 2009 San Xavier Pedestrian Access and Safety Study Drexel Road Figure 29 Bicycle Level of Service 2030 San Xavier District Boundary Main Map Area Mission Road Level A Level B Level C Level D Level E Level F San Xavier Indian Res. Source: Pima County (2009), HDR. Valencia Road Los Reales Road Desert Diamond Casino San oad er R i Xav Sant a C ruz Riv er Mission Road Los Reales Road San Xavier Rd Mission School San Xavier del Bac Mission San Xavier Health Center Campus Drive Drive Education Center Wa:k Lane Little Nogales Recreation Center Nogales Highway Rancho de Martinez 19 N 0 .2 . 35 .7 miles Oct. 2, 2009 Future 2014: The BLOS and PLOS were conducted using the Pima Association of Governments (PAG) model future year 2014 traffic projections using the preferred alternative improvements. Future 2030: The BLOS and PLOS were conducted using the PAG model future year 2030 traffic projections using the preferred alternative improvements. Following are some assumptions used for conducting the analysis. 1. Width of outside lane, to outside stripe = 12 feet 2. Percentage of heavy vehicles = 2 percent 3. The Federal Highway Administrations’ (FHWA) pavement condition rating = 4 (where Default is 4-Good, 5-Best and 1-Worst) 4. Percentage of road segment with sidewalks = 100 percent 5. Sidewalk and buffer width information are per the preferred alternative, Figure 24. 4.3 Analysis Findings The anticipated traffic as a result of regional growth, in conjunction with roadway/transit improvements planned in and around the San Xavier District study area, would reduce the compatibility level of existing roadways for bicyclists and pedestrians to very low conditions. As discussed Section B Future Conditions, most of the major roadways in the community were operating at PLOS “E” based on future 2014 and 2030 traffic projections and no pedestrian or bicycle improvements. The proposed pedestrian and bicycle improvements include multiuse paths, paths, trails, and traffic calming elements to help make the community more walkable by improving pedestrian accessibility and safety. Table 13 shows the BLOS and PLOS along major roadway segments with the proposed improvements. The individual BLOS and PLOS analysis reports, with input variables and the output results, are included in Appendix H. Table 13 PLOS and BLOS Along Study Roadway Segments 2014 Segment From To Speed (mph) Sidewalk Width (ft) Buffer Width (ft) Traffic Volume BLOS 2030 PLOS Traffic Volume BLOS PLOS San Xavier Rd I-19 NB On Ramp Ventura Dr 35 8 10 15,000 D C 15,100 D C San Xavier Rd I-19 SB Off Ramp I-19 NB On Ramp 35 8 10 13,400 D C 13,300* D C San Xavier Rd Little Nogales Dr I-19 SB Off Ramp 35 8 10 14,300 D C 14,800 D C San Xavier Rd Mission Rd Gok Kawulk Wog 25 6 12 10,500 D C 9,800* D C San Xavier Rd Gok Kawulk Wog Little Nogales Dr 25 10 4.5 13,400 D C 10,300* D C Final Report Page 63 December 31, 2009 2014 Segment From To Speed (mph) Sidewalk Width (ft) Buffer Width (ft) Traffic Volume BLOS 45 8 10 8,800 2030 PLOS Traffic Volume BLOS PLOS D C 9,500 D C Mission Rd Valencia Rd San Xavier Rd Little Nogales Dr San Xavier Rd (N) San Xavier Rd (S) 25 10 4.5 13,400 D C 10,300* D C Little Nogales Dr Wa:k Ln Campus Dr 25 8 5.5 NA NA NA NA NA NA Note: NA-Roadway segment is not included in PAG model; hence, future projected volumes are not available. *A decrease in 2030 projected volumes was observed compared to 2014 projected volumes. This could be due to regional growth in conjunction with roadway/transit improvements planned in the vicinity of the project’s study area. Future 2014  The study roadway segments will operate at BLOS D.  The study roadway segments will operate at PLOS C. Future 2030  The study roadway segments will operate at BLOS D.  The study roadway segments will operate at PLOS C C and D are both considered acceptable levels of service by the League of Illinois Bicyclists. Bicycle levels of service for 2014 and 2030 do not change from the levels of service that are represented in Section A Current Conditions. This is because there are no bicycle improvements proposed, such as bicycle lanes, which would generate a higher score. Proposed improvements benefit pedestrians and the casual bicyclist who would use the paths and trails. 5. Environmental Justice There are three fundamental environmental justice principles: 1. To avoid, minimize, or mitigate disproportionately high and adverse human health and environmental effects, including social and economic effects, on minority populations and low-income populations. 2. To ensure the full and fair participation by all potentially affected communities in the transportation decision-making process. 3. To prevent the denial of, reduction in, or significant delay in the receipt of benefits by minority and low-income populations. The San Xavier District of the Tohono O’odham Reservation is nearly 90 percent minorities, compared to 39 percent for Pima County as a whole. Additionally, according to the 2000 Census, 25 percent of the population of the San Xavier District is in poverty, two-thirds higher than the percentage of Pima County residents in poverty. The percent of female head of households with their own children under 18 years of age is 11 percent, 60 percent higher than that of Pima County. The percent of the San Xavier District population identified as disabled (18 percent) is comparable to that of Pima County (20 percent). Elderly populations (those age 65 and older) make up just 7 percent of the population, one-half that of Pima County. These groups make up the protected populations considered in this analysis. The San Xavier District Pedestrian Access and Safety Study recommendations for pedestrian and bicycle improvements provides a reasoned, safer and more pleasing pedestrian and bicycle environment for residents and visitors to the San Xavier District. The recommendations do this Final Report Page 64 December 31, 2009 without imposing upon private property by limiting the improvements to within the existing ROW. Therefore, the benefit derived from the improved non-motorized trail system is shared without the burden impacting private property. Additionally, the San Xavier District Pedestrian Access and Safety Study was developed through a comprehensive public involvement program (discussed below), involving stakeholders and residents alike. The outreach methods were a critical element of the project, and the comments and ideas received were considered in the development of the Plan. The benefit of improved pedestrian and bicycle facilities is particularly meaningful in the Community as diabetes impacts the lives of a significant portion of the population. The O'odham people have the highest rate of Type II (adult-onset) diabetes among Native American tribes. About 50 percent of the tribe's adults have adult-onset diabetes, compared with 4 to 6 percent of the overall U.S. population. A study by the Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, published in the Oct. 1, 2003 American Journal of Epidemiology , discovered that walking for 30 minutes a day cut diabetes risks for overweight as well as non-overweight men and women. Additionally, providing for safer pedestrian routes serves the needs of the youth and the elderly. Safe pedestrian routes from housing to activity centers allows seniors to remain in their homes while maintaining social interaction, health, safety, and a good quality of life. And, while not a protected population, per se, youth under 18 years of age make up a third of the San Xavier District population (compared to only 25 percent County wide). Improving the Community’s walking routes allows more youth access to the Recreation Center where Community members can engage in activities such as fitness and nutrition classes, after-school recreation, and team sports. 6. Public Involvement Outreach efforts were conducted to engage members of the San Xavier District community in the study. Materials were produced for outreach activities such as forums, stakeholder meetings, and public open house. Following is a summary of the various methods used by the Study Team to communicate the plan process, the current status of the study, and to encourage active participation. A full review of the involvement process can be found in Section C Public Involvement. 6.1 Outreach Opportunities Public Involvement Overview with San Xavier District Chairman On January 29, 2009, Community Outreach staff met with Chairman Austin Nuñez to discuss different methods of reaching San Xavier District community members. The Wa:k Newsletter was determined to be the best way to disseminate information. Other methods used included: posting information on the community bulletin boards; releasing information through group and neighborhood leaders who would in turn inform their special interest groups about the study; using comment or opinion forms at the public open house; creating a fact sheet or other visual materials for distribution; and meeting directly with leaders of the special interest or event groups. Questionnaire In February 2009, a questionnaire was created to solicit input from community members on several potential projects being studied: 1. current safety issues on the Santa Cruz River Pedestrian Bridge 2. rebuilding San Xavier Road to include a walking path for safe access to the Health Center Final Report Page 65 December 31, 2009 3. Safe Route to School pathways for children to safely walk from their homes to San Xavier School 4. other pedestrian or bicycle route improvements in the District The questionnaire, along with a three-quarter page description of the Study, was published in the March 2009 Wa:k Newsletter. To encourage more participation from the community, reminder flyers, along with the questionnaire and map, were posted on community bulletin boards located throughout the San Xavier District. Pow Wow Committee Meeting With a recommendation from Chairman Nuñez, the Study Team met with the Pow Wow Event Committee to discuss the Study Team’s possible participation at the 27th Annual Wa:k Pow Wow on March 14 and 15, 2009. It was determined this would probably not be a productive method since most of the people the Study Team would like to reach would be working in the food booths or participating in other Pow Wow events. Public Open House On July 14, 2009, the Public Open House was held at the San Xavier District Center. Attendance was small, but those who attended were very interested and had good questions for the Study Team. During table discussions, they were encouraged to provide additional information about issues and concerns for the project area. Numerous comments were noted for the record on the Plan Maps. A community member was available at the meeting to provide translation. Supplemental Outreach The District Planning Department conducted additional outreach to obtain input. From July 24 to August 3, one map was posted in the lobby of the Administration building, and the secretary was provided with additional self-mailing comment cards and instructions. A second map was circulated through the various District Departments. Each department had the display for one day (or two days if there were two departments in the same building). Departments receiving a map display included: Water Rights, Council, Housing, SAWRSA, Human Resources, Finance, and Elders. In both cases, instructions were taped to the board, in large type, and a marker provided for making comments. Comments provided are noted in Section 3. Preferred Alternative. 7. Phasing Phasing of the project was based on providing improvements in the community core area first for children traveling between the school and recreation center. The improvements would make the route safer and more accessible for children to ride bicycles between the two destinations. The proposed phasing is described below and shown in Figure 30. The phasing plan should be considered flexible. Often times, opportunities or funding arise that allow for later phases of a project to occur earlier in the schedule. These opportunities should be taken whenever possible and the phasing plan revised. Final Report Page 66 December 31, 2009 Phase 1 The multiuse paths between the school and recreation center, the paths along San Xavier Road between Mission Road and Gok Kawulk Wog, and the pedestrian bridge* over the Santa Cruz River. Time Frame: Next 2 to 5 years *The pedestrian bridge is a project already under design and is not a new improvement as part of this study so does not appear in the Phasing Plan (Figure 30). However, it is a major component of the pedestrian system so is listed here as an element. Phase 2 The trails along Mission Road (San Xavier Road to Campus Drive), Wa:k Lane and Campus Drive (Mission Road to Little Nogales Drive), and Little Nogales Drive (Campus Drive to multiuse path connection). These segments would complete loops in the core area. Time Frame: Next 3 to 6 years Phase 3 The path along San Xavier Road from Little Nogales Drive to Los Reales Road. Time Frame: Next 5 to 8 years Phase 4 The paths and trails along Mission Road between San Xavier Road and Drexel Road. Time Frame: Next 6 to 10 years Final Report Page 67 December 31, 2009 Valencia Road SEE INSET MAP Drexel Road San Xavier Pedestrian Access and Safety Study Figure 30 Phasing San Xavier District Boundary Phase I Phase II Phase III Phase IV Mis i siion Ro ad San Xavier Indian Res. B Source: HDR. October 2, 2009 Valencia Roadd Los Reales Road d oa awulk 9 state 1 San Xavier Health Center nez ne ez arti rrti tin ti Rancho de Martinez Rooaad Ro er Roa vier Saan Xaavi S Gok K oad er R avi X San kR toc JS San Xavier siio sio on S oll Mission School M Mi Mis iissssio cho ch choo cho hoo San Xavier del Bac Mission Desert Diamond Casino Inter Sant Mis i sio sion ionn R Roa oadd a C ruz Riv er Los Reales Road Ventura V Dr 12th Avenue B Inset n t Map Area Main Map Area Wog Nogales Highway Recreation Centerr Education Edu ducat Center ter te ca attion at ion ion n Ce C ente leess i tle Noga Lit Wa:k Lane Drive F Campus Drive N 0 .2 .35 .7 F miles 8. Cost Estimate Costs for the project are broken down by phase and are in 2009 dollars. The total estimated cost for all the improvements is $10,593,000. PHASE UNIT COST (in thousands of dollars) TOTAL COST (in thousands of dollars) ITEM QTY 10’ Concrete Path1 6’ Concrete Path1 Pedestrian Bridge2 Grant project – TE path3 Grant project – SRTS path3 20% contingency for drainage and slope conditions for paths/trails (for 1.7 miles) Speed Tables (raised crosswalk) Revegetation4 Crosswalk Amenities5 Lighting6 Subtotal 0.9 miles 0.8 miles 1 each 1 each 1 each 451 274 2,000 890 920 406 219 2,000 890 920 1 each 145 145 3 each 2.2 miles 2 each 3 each 1.3 miles 4 100 1 12 1,530 12 220 2 36 1,989 6,839 8’ Trail1 20% contingency for drainage and slope conditions for paths/trails (for 3.6 miles) Revegetation4 Crosswalk Amenities5 Subtotal 3.6 miles 60 214 1 each 12 12 3.6 miles 4 each 1 each 100 1 12 360 4 12 602 8’ Asphalt1 6’ Asphalt1 20% contingency for drainage and slope conditions for paths/trails (for 2.8 miles) Revegetation4 Speed Table (raised crosswalk) High Visibility Crossing Crosswalk Amenities5 Subtotal 2.5 miles 0.3 miles 362 274 905 82 1 each 128 128 3 miles 1 each 3 each 1 each 1 each 100 4 3 1 12 300 4 9 1 12 1,441 Phase I Phase II Phase III Final Report Page 69 December 31, 2009 PHASE UNIT COST (in thousands of dollars) TOTAL COST (in thousands of dollars) ITEM QTY 8’ Trail1 6’ Asphalt1 20% contingency for drainage and slope conditions for paths/trails (for 5.8 miles) Revegetation4 HAWK Crossing Crosswalk Amenities5 Subtotal 2.9 miles 2.9 miles 60 274 174 795 1 each 66 66 5.8 miles 1 each 2 each 2 each 100 70 1 12 580 70 2 24 1,711 Phase IV TOTAL 10,593 1 Path/trail costs include general signing. Costs also presume projects may be funded with federal dollars and several percentage of construction costs are added (3% topography survey + 15% PS&Es + 5% drainage report + 1% SWPP plan + 8% mobilization + 5% traffic control + 1% survey control + 18% administrative costs + 5% contingencies = 61%) 2 The pedestrian bridge is a project already under design and is not a new improvement as part of this study. However, it is a major component of the pedestrian system so is listed in the cost estimate. The preliminary construction cost of the bridge is shown here and includes contingencies and administrative fees but not design or environmental fees. 3 The District recently applied for and was granted funding for two path projects in the community. The Transportation Enhancement (TE) project is a quarter-mile long, 6-foot wide path from the east side of the future pedestrian bridge to the east side of the I-19 interchange. The project costs are $891,550 of which $788,820 are funded by the grant. The Safe Routes To School (SRTS) project is a half–mile long, 10-foot wide path along San Xavier Road/Little Nogales Drive from the Mission to one-quarter mile north of Wa:k Lane. The project costs are $917,893 of which $500,000 are funded by the grant. The project costs include the incidental costs associated with a federal project such as design, environmental clearance, contingencies, and administrative costs. 4 Revegetation includes seeding areas disturbed by construction, generally 5 feet on either side of the path/trail, and trees where clear zones allow. 5 Amenities include installation of a ramada, bench, and trash receptacle. 6 Lighting includes bollard level lighting at 50 feet on center, both sides of the road. The contingency items noted in 1 above are also added to this item. 9. Funding There are a multitude of potential funding sources for the plan. This discussion will focus on “outside” funding mechanisms that require minimal preparation and are most likely to be awarded. The following criteria will assist in choosing the best funding mechanisms for the plan. Recommendations of funding mechanisms must consider: 1. 2. 3. 4. Funding requirements (various “strings” that may be attached) Caps enforced on funds requested Likelihood of success Relative ease or difficulty in obtaining the necessary funds Funding Requirements There is an overall advantage to gain the necessary funding by partitioning the project into phases. Additionally, success of obtaining Phase I funding will normally aid gaining funding for future phases. Most of the available funds for construction of the pathways are under federal auspices. This means that federal requirements need to be followed throughout the process to gain funding. Final Report Page 70 December 31, 2009 Caps Enforced on Funds Requested This criterion focuses on choosing mechanisms for the plan’s phases that fit the phase budget. Several mechanisms’ caps fall too short to construct even the smallest phase of the plan. Other mechanisms may have a floor that is too high for the phased project. For example, Transportation Enhancement funds for local projects, currently capped at $500,000, will be capped at 750,000 in the future. Currently, only Phase II of this project is within this cap. The cap for State projects (those located on a minimum of 75 percent ADOT right-of-way) will continue to be $1.0 million. Safe Routes to School funding has a total state budget of $2.5 million per year. Likelihood of Success Applying for a multitude of funding sources can be time consuming and ineffective if not strategically approached. The key is to determine which source(s) are most likely to fund this plan and take the necessary steps to achieve success when going after them. In any given year, a single particular source may be earmarked for other projects and be a more likely source the following year. Hence, knowing what is in the queue on any specific funding cycle will save time and effort by not generating an application that won’t be approved. 9.1 Potential Funding Sources Various phases of this project qualify for at least three federal funding programs. The programs fund annually which is beneficial for the applicant. If an application is rejected on the first attempt, updates to better qualify for funding in the next round are simpler than preparing a new application. Transportation Enhancements Funds Annually, some twenty projects statewide are awarded Transportation Enhancement funding. The cap for local projects, currently at $500,000 per project, will be increased to $750,000 in 2010 which would only fully fund Phase II of the plan. However, this mechanism may be useful to augment other funding for subsequent phases. The application process is moderately difficult but most of the data needed to complete the application is contained in this plan. This is a likely source of funding for at least part of the plan. The cap for State projects (those located on a minimum of 75 percent ADOT right-of-way) will continue to be $1.0 million. The District has been approved for $788,820 under an application submitted in the spring of 2009 for state projects. The project is on San Xavier Road from the east side of the future pedestrian bridge to the east side of the I-19 interchange. Total project costs are $891,500. The District has also been approved for $500,000 under an application submitted in the spring of 2009 for local projects. The project is along San Xavier Road/Little Nogales Drive from the Mission to one-quarter mile north of Wa:k Lane. Total project costs are $917,893. Safe Routes to School These funds can only be used to assist children in gaining safe, reliable pedestrian/bicycle routes to school from their residences. The Congressional apportionments of Safe Routes to School funding for Arizona, over the life of SAFETEA-LU bill, is $11,295,446. The infrastructure cap is $300,000; the non-infrastructure cap is $45,000. This is an annual source and very competitive. Indian Reservation Roads Funds These funds are only available to Tribal communities. The funds are available annually and the funding limitations are less strict then the two funding mechanisms discussed above. Since these are awarded to Tribal communities, they are competing with other needs within the Tohono O’odham Nation. Hence, gaining support from the other districts is key when using this mechanism to fund this plan. Final Report Page 71 December 31, 2009 Other Funds This plan is phased over multiple years. There are numerous opportunities that present themselves annually such as the TIGER (Transportation Investment Generating Economic Recovery) grants which were a part of the stimulus package. A second stimulus package focusing on infrastructure is possible within the next 12 months. For stimulus funding, much of the data contained in this report can be used for the application. Additional data such as employment and economic benefit are required for this application. It should be noted that constant vigilance of funding opportunities over the next several years is recommended to fully fund all the phases of the plan. 9.2 Strategic Implementation Recommendations There are workshops for both Transportation Enhancement and Safe Routes to School funding. Attending these workshops and gaining knowledge about the process is vital. Learning what is in the queue and positioning to gain funding is crucial. Building relationships with key people involved with the funding is also important. These relationships will not in themselves gain funding, but understanding the nuances beyond the printed requirements is most beneficial. Final Report Page 72 December 31, 2009 Appendix A – Traffic and Pedestrian Count Data Final Report A-1 December 31, 2009 San Xavier Pedestrian Access and Safety Study Pedestrian Counts on San Xavier Road at Mission School ( Monday, April 06, 2009) Observation Periods 7 AM to 8 AM & 2:45 PM to 3:30 PM HDR Inc. Pedestrians from Southwest corner crossing the San Xavier Rd. Pedestrians from school crossing the San Xavier Rd. 7:15 AM 7:30 AM 7:45 AM 8:00 AM 0 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 3:00 PM 3:15 PM 3:30 PM 0 1 0 0 7 0 4/16/2009 San Xavier Pedestrian Access and Safety Study Pedestrian Counts on Mission Road to North of San Xavier Road (Monday, April 06, 2009) Observation Period 8 AM to 10 AM 8:15 AM 8:30 AM 8:45 AM 9:00 AM 9:15 AM 9:30 AM 9:45 AM 10:00 AM Note: B ‐ Bike HDR Inc. Southbound on Mission Road Northbound on Mission Road 0 0 0 3B 7B 1B 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 4/16/2009 San Xavier Pedestrian Access and Safety Study Pedestrian counts on San Xavier Road Bridge @ I 19 Traffic Interchage (Exit 92) (Monday, April 06, 2009) Observation Period 10 AM to 2 PM 10:15 AM 10:30 AM 10:45 AM 11:00 AM 11:15 AM 11:30 AM 11:45 AM 12:00 PM 12:15 PM 12:30 PM 12:45 PM 1:00 PM 1:15 PM 1:30 PM 1:45 PM 2:00 PM HDR Inc EB on San Xavier Rd. Bridge 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 WB on San Xavier Rd. Bridge 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 4/16/2009 San Xavier Pedestrian Access and Safety Study Observation Period 3:45 PM to 6 PM Education Center (#1) To Recreation center 4:00 PM 4:15 PM 4:30 PM 4:45 PM 5:00 PM 5:15 PM 5:30 PM 5:45 PM 6:00 PM Note: *B ‐ Bike HDR Inc. 22 0 0 0 2 4 0 0 0 From Recreation center 12 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Main Entrance (#3) Local community (#2 & #4) From From To Recreation To Recreation Recreation Recreation center center center center 0 1 B* 6 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 6 8 1 3 1 0 0 1 0 2 4 1 2 3 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 4/16/2009 San Xavier Pedestrian Access and Safety Study Pedestrian Counts on Mission Road to North of San Xavier Road (Sunday, April 05, 2009) Observation periods 8:35 AM to 9:05 AM; 9:45 AM to 10:25 AM; 11:15 AM to 12 PM HDR Inc. Southbound on Mission Road Northbound on Mission Road 8:50 AM 9:05 AM 10 5 0 2 10:00 AM 10:15 AM 10:25 AM 9 1 5 4 5, 1 B 2 11:30 AM 11:45 AM 12:00 PM Note: B ‐ Bike 6 3 1B 0 2B 0 4/16/2009 San Xavier Pedestrian Access and Safety Study Pedestrian counts on San Xavier Road at Mission Church ( Sunday, April 05, 2009) Observation Periods 7:30 AM to 8:30 AM; 9:10 AM to 9:40 AM; 10:30 AM to 11:15 AM, 12:05 PM to 12:45 PM; 1:20 PM to 2:00 Mission Church From Southwest Parking Lot To Southwest From San To San Xavier From Little Parking Lot Xavier Road Road Nogales Dr #2 HDR Inc. #1 and #3 To Little Nogales Dr #4 7:45 AM 8:00 AM 8:15 AM 8:30 AM 7 17 10 12 0 0 0 0 5 2 6 2 9:25 AM 9:40 AM 7 12 29 14 2 11 1 2 4 5 10:45 AM 11:00 AM 11:15 AM 5 18 7 11 13 5 0 0 0 1 3 2 0 3 12:15 PM 12:30 PM 12:45 PM 16 38 10 14 18 12 0 4 0 0 3 2 0 0 1:30 PM 1:45 PM 2:00 PM 11 8 13 15 41 12 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 4/16/2009 Appendix B – Crash Analysis Memo Introduction As part of the San Xavier Pedestrian Access and Safety Study, HDR conducted a crash analysis within the San Xavier study area. The purpose of the analysis is to study the crash patterns occurring in the study area and understand the roadway safety issues. Study Area The statistical analysis was focused on the major roadway segments listed below.  Mission Road from Drexel Road to Campus Drive  Nogales Highway from Los Reales Road to Hermans Road (just south of Tucson International  Airport)  Valencia Road from Westover Avenue to Sandpiper Avenue  Campus Drive from Mission Road to I-19  San Xavier Road from Mission Road to Comobabi Street (just south of Los Reales Road) Crash Analysis The crash data for the five year period from January 1, 2004 to December 21, 2008 was obtained from the Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT) and San Xavier District of the study area. The crash data contained information regarding crash locations, types, severity, and parameters related to roadway geometry, drivers, and environmental conditions. There were a total of 433 crashes reported in the study area during the study period. Statistical analysis of the crash data was performed to identify crash characteristics like injury severity, collision manner, and crash contributing factors like light and roadway conditions. Crash Characteristics Crash Severity Based on the crash analysis by severity, following are some observations. A considerable number of alcohol-related crashes were recorded in the study area during the study period. Figures 1 and 2 present the percentage of crashes by severity and crash frequency by injury severity along major roadway segments respectively.  There were seven (1.6 percent) fatal crashes, 175 (40.3 percent) injury crashes, and the remaining 251 (57.9 percent) were property damage or unknown (not reported) crashes.  Six fatal crashes occurred on Mission Road and one fatal crash occurred along San Xavier Road.  Mission Road recorded the highest number of crashes (172) followed by Valencia Road (96), Nogales Highway (61), and San Xavier Road (48). Final Report B-1 December 31, 2009 Figure 1 Percentage of Crashes by Severity Source: Arizona Department of Transportation, Traffic Safety Division, April 2009. Notes: 1. Crash Analysis Period: January 1, 2004 through December 31, 2008. Figure 2 Crash Frequency by Roadway Segment by Injury Severity Source: Arizona Department of Transportation, Traffic Safety Division, April 2009. Notes: 1. Crash Analysis Period: January 1, 2004 through December 31, 2008. Final Report B-2 December 31, 2009 Fatal Crashes As noted above, there were seven fatal crashes in the study area during the study period. Six of the crashes occurred along Mission Road and one crash occurred along San Xavier Road. The approximate locations of these crashes are shown in Figure 3. Following are the location specific fatal crash characteristics:  One crash occurred at the Mission and Valencia roads intersection on 7/23/2008. The crash was a rear-end crash and resulted in one fatality. The crash occurred on a rainy day.  One crash occurred along Mission Road, approximately 1,300 feet north of Valencia Road, on 12/21/2007. This was a single-vehicle crash and resulted in one fatality. This crash occurred due to overturning of the vehicle on a rainy day.  One crash occurred along Mission Road, approximately 200 feet south of Los Reales Road, on 10/21/2006. This single-vehicle crash resulted in one fatality.  One crash occurred along Mission Road, approximately 600 feet south of Valencia Road, on 9/6/2006. This single-vehicle crash resulted in one fatality. The crash occurred in dark conditions and due to overturning of the vehicle.  One crash occurred along San Xavier Road, approximately 200 feet west of J. Stock Road, on 11/23/2005. This single-vehicle crash occurred under dark conditions and was reported as an alcohol-related crash.  One crash occurred along Mission Road, approximately 200 feet to the north of unknown road, (possibly near Hermans Road), on 9/27/2005. This single-vehicle crash occurred under daylight conditions and was reported as an alcohol-related crash.  One crash occurred at the intersection of Mission and Valencia roads on 9/29/2004. There was one fatality. This two-vehicle collision crash was reported as an alcohol-related crash. Final Report B-3 December 31, 2009 Figure 3 Fatal Crash Locations Source: Arizona Department of Transportation, Traffic Safety Division, April 2009. Notes: 1. Crash Analysis Period: January 1, 2004 through December 31, 2008. Collision Manner The crash frequency by roadway segment and percentage of crashes by collision manner are shown in Figures 4 and 5 respectively. Following are the observations:  Out of the 433 total crashes, about 39 percent of the crashes recorded were due to rear-end collision. Valencia Road recorded the highest number (58) of rear-end crashes.  About 25 percent of the crashes were single-vehicle crashes. Mission Road recorded the highest number (63) of single-vehicle crashes.  About 25 percent of the crashes were angle, backing, head-on, or non-contact collisions. Mission Road recorded the highest number (34) of this type of crash. Final Report B-4 December 31, 2009 Figure 4 Crash Frequency by Roadway Segment Collision Manner Source: Arizona Department of Transportation, Traffic Safety Division, April 2009. Notes: 1. Crash Analysis Period: January 1, 2004 through December 31, 2008. Figure 5 Percentage of Crashes by Collision Manner Source: Arizona Department of Transportation, Traffic Safety Division, April 2009. Notes: 1. Crash Analysis Period: January 1, 2004 through December 31, 2008. Final Report B-5 December 31, 2009 First Harmful Contact The crash data is further categorized as first harmful contact, which is defined as the first hazard encountered by the initial vehicle in a crash. Figures 6 and 7 graphically portray these characteristics. Following are some observations:  Most common first harmful contact is with another motor vehicle (69.3 percent or 300 crashes).  Mission Road recorded the highest number (103) of crashes due to collision with another motor vehicle, followed by Valencia Road at 93 crashes.  11.3 percent of crashes were due to collision with fixed objects.  There were 14 crashes involving animals.  There were two bicycle-involved crashes and one pedestrian-involved crash. Figure 6 Percentage of Crashes by First Harmful Contact Source: Arizona Department of Transportation, Traffic Safety Division, April 2009. Notes: 1. Crash Analysis Period: January 1, 2004 through December 31, 2008. Final Report B-6 December 31, 2009 Figure 7 Crash Frequency by First Harmful Contact by Roadway Segment Source: Arizona Department of Transportation, Traffic Safety Division, April 2009. Notes: 1. Crash Analysis Period: January 1, 2004 through December 31, 2008. Pedestrian/Bicycle Crashes As noted above, there were three pedestrian- and bicycle-related crashes reported in the study area during the study period. Figure 8 shows approximate locations of the crashes. Following are some of the general characteristics of these crashes:  One bicycle-related crash occurred on Comobabi Road at the intersection with San Xavier Road. There were no injuries reported for this crash. The crash occurred under dark conditions on 7/14/2005.  One bicycle-related crash occurred on Mission Road at the intersection with San Xavier Road. The crash occurred on 9/22/2007 under daylight conditions and resulted in a serious injury.  One pedestrian-related crash occurred on San Xavier Road at the intersection with the Interstate19 southbound entrance ramp. The crash occurred on 1/9/2008 and resulted in a serious injury. Final Report B-7 December 31, 2009 Figure 8 Pedestrian/Bicycle Crash Locations Source: Arizona Department of Transportation, Traffic Safety Division, April 2009. Notes: 1. Crash Analysis Period: January 1, 2004 through December 31, 2008. Crash Contributing Factors Weather Conditions: In the study period, 83.4 percent of the crashes occurred in clear weather conditions, 10.0 percent occurred in cloudy weather, 3.9 percent occurred during rain, and the remaining 1.9 percent occurred during other weather conditions. The percentage of crashes by weather is summarized in Figure 9. Light Conditions: In the study period, 64.0 percent of the crashes occurred during daylight, 26.6 percent occurred in night or dark conditions, and 8.8 percent occurred during dawn or dusk. These percentages are illustrated in Figure 10. Final Report B-8 December 31, 2009 Figure 9 Percentage of Crashes by Weather Conditions Source: Arizona Department of Transportation, Traffic Safety Division, April 2009. Notes: 1. Crash Analysis Period: January 1, 2004 through December 31, 2008. Figure 10 Crashes by Lighting Condition Source: Arizona Department of Transportation, Traffic Safety Division, April 2009. Notes: 1. Crash Analysis Period: January 1, 2004 through December 31, 2008. Final Report B-9 December 31, 2009 Appendix C – Survey Forms Final Report C-1 December 31, 2009 Survey Instrument revised 02/26/09 Interviews with Stakeholders Date: March 17, 2009 Meeting Location: Phone Interview Interviewee: Stephen Barnufsky Association: Pastor, San Xavier Mission Church What facility/activity center is respondent associated with: Pastor, San Xavier Mission Church Has been with the Mission for 6 years Mon – Fri, 7am to 5pm, Sunday 8am – 3pm What are the facility hours of activity/operation There are services that are attended outside of this window (e.g., 5:30pm Saturday), on Sunday there are four services in the am Tourists generally come between 10am and 4pm What is the peak time(s) See above What causes this peak(s) (school lets out, church traffic) Church services and tourism What is the mode by which people arrive at the facility? From what direction/route do pedestrians and or bicyclists arrive? Do you have any suggestions for how we can improve the safety/connectivity of the facility/activity center? Employees and Users: cars, bicycles, and walking, couple tour busses each day Typically on Saturday and Sundays, people partake in “pilgrimages” from south Tucson on foot. They are coming from both directions (Mission Road and San Xavier Road) Both directions Improve Santa Cruz River crossing (and then other bridge immediately to the west) There are no bicycle facilities (racks) at the Church (sometimes they are locked on rail leading up to church, may also be parked immediately in front of church) Get people to obey stop signs, a lot of traffic speeding through reservation on way elsewhere Do you have any additional comments or ideas for us? People speed through as shortcut instead of going across on Valencia (especially in the morning and late afternoon) Lack of crosswalks and no clearly marked crosswalks There are existing signs asking visitors to “stay on paved roads”, discouraging them from walking into living area Final Report C-2 December 31, 2009 Survey Instrument revised 02/26/09 Interviews with Stakeholders Date: March 17, 2009 Meeting Location: Phone Interview Interviewee: Michael Corella Association: San Xavier Ranger Department What facility/activity center is respondent associated with: San Xavier Ranger Department (“environmental police”) What are the facility hours of activity/operation What is the peak time(s) What causes this peak(s) (school lets out, church traffic) What is the mode by which people arrive at the facility? From what direction/route do pedestrians and or bicyclists arrive? n/a Do you have any suggestions for how we can improve the safety/connectivity of the facility/activity center? A lot of people walk on Mission Road to the Church (Pilgrimage), see as many as 1 – 50 people a weekend, often in groups 2 to 5 Not adequate shoulder width, shoulder steep – end up walking into the street Lots of traffic around church and administration building during Council meetings and workday Significant pass through traffic – speed bumps help to mitigate, but people often driving around them. This traffic causes problems for the Community. People are cutting Community Lane to avoid stop signs in front of Mission Do you have any additional comments or ideas for us? Dedicated pedestrian routes would be good. People are forced to walk on road, sometimes walking two or three abreast (in street where there are trees on shoulder, too narrow, or too steep) Pima County was asked to do a traffic study (results? Done?) Many people coming for services, WIC, funerals and are crossing road – dangerous with speeding cutthrough traffic. Parking is inadequate at Community Building Wak Lane, SJ Mayor Drive both dirt, kids walking on them all the time. NO crosswalks Community dogs create problems, lots of strays… Hordes of bicyclists ride on Mission Road – often several abreast impeding traffic Final Report C-3 December 31, 2009 Survey Instrument revised 02/26/09 Interviews with Stakeholders Date: March 18, 2009 Meeting Location: Phone Interview Interviewee: Linda Preston Association: Planning Committee Member Planning Committee Secretary What facility/activity center is respondent associated with: What are the facility hours of activity/operation What is the peak time(s) What causes this peak(s) (school lets out, church traffic) What is the mode by which people arrive at the facility? n/a From what direction/route do pedestrians and or bicyclists arrive? Do you have any suggestions for how we can improve the safety/connectivity of the facility/activity center? See notes below See many people walking, trailer park (Irvington) to Mission - Pilgrimage Lighting is inadequate, washes (esp. standing water at San Xavier Road) Alot of bicyclists take up entire Mission Road, don’t allow vehicles to pass, groups of 10-20 Do you have any additional comments or ideas for us? Community members bicycling largely youth - some ride all the way to University (such as her son) People often walk from bus route (trailer park) to clinic, rather than ride bus long way around Stray dogs dropped off from off-reservation, problem Final Report C-4 December 31, 2009 Survey Instrument revised 02/26/09 Interviews with Stakeholders Date: March 18, 2009 Meeting Location: Phone Interview Interviewee: Bill Worthey Association: San Xavier Cooperative Farm Manager What facility/activity center is respondent associated with: What are the facility hours of activity/operation San Xavier Cooperative Farm 7am to 5 pm 8am to 5 pm (Sales of Hay etc. to public) 4am to 5 pm (summer) What is the peak time(s) n/a What causes this peak(s) (school lets out, church traffic) n/a What is the mode by which people arrive at the facility? Most come by own vehicle or by bus From what direction/route do pedestrians and or bicyclists arrive? n/a Do you have any suggestions for how we can improve the safety/connectivity of the facility/activity center? Road work needed on San Xavier adjacent to the Coop - low spot ponds (100’) takes forever to evaporate. Master plan envisions walk way from river with tree lined path Observes significant pedestrian traffic on San Xavier Road, tremendous amount of bicycle traffic. Do you have any additional comments or ideas for us? Final Report Not safe for ped or bike Headquarters fenced - actually moved fence back ten feet to allow room for peds to pass without being forced into road - doesn’t help bicyclists C-5 December 31, 2009 Survey Instrument revised 02/26/09 Interviews with Stakeholders Date: March 18, 2009 Meeting Location: Phone Interview Interviewee: Anthony Jose Association: Recreation Center What facility/activity center is respondent associated with: Recreation Center What are the facility hours of activity/operation Mon – Friday Saturday Sunday 8am – 9pm 11am – 8pm 12pm – 7pm What is the peak time(s) Mon – Friday 3pm – 9pm What causes this peak(s) (school lets out, church traffic) School lets out What is the mode by which people arrive at the facility? From what direction/route do pedestrians and or bicyclists arrive? Do you have any suggestions for how we can improve the safety/connectivity of the facility/activity center? Do you have any additional comments or ideas for us? Final Report Drive, drop-off. Majority of the youth arriving walk, some (small number) bicycle. There are bicycle racks at the center (sufficient number for users). There is a program to promote bicycling. Location of the centers (there are five on the Tohono O’odham Nation) is centralized to community to facilitate walking. The majority of visitors are coming from the north/west. Walk along roads (all unpaved) such as Wak Lane and SJ Mayor Drive. Some are walking through the “two hill” area Lighting would be helpful Dedicated walking path would be beneficial Speed bumps in front of center to mitigate traffic impacts Anthony Jose phone (520) 419-7914, best way to reach – feel free to call back with follow-up questions. C-6 December 31, 2009 Survey Instrument revised 02/26/09 Interviews with Stakeholders Date: March 24, 2009 Meeting Location: Phone Interview Interviewee: Don Williams Association: Indian Health Services San Xavier Health Center, Indian Health Services What facility/activity center is respondent associated with: The San Xavier Health Center operated by the Indian Health Services is a full service ambulatory health service provider. A hospital is located in Sells. The Center provides care to all individuals eligible for services through Indian Health Services (i.e., any “enrolled” Native American). 8am – 5pm, Monday through Friday, Friday AM is closed for administrative purposes. What are the facility hours of activity/operation Pima County Rural Transit Service runs the San Xavier Access Route Monday through Saturday with connections to employment centers, the Indian Health Center, and other activity centers. Sun Van is available to individuals with disabilities with a current ADA Eligibility Card issued by the City of Tucson (where within ¾ mile complimentary area), County special needs also applies What is the peak time(s) Throughout the day What causes this peak(s) (school lets out, church traffic) n/a What is the mode by which people arrive at the facility? Private vehicle, Pima County Rural Transit Service, County special needs dial-a-ride From what direction/route do pedestrians and or bicyclists arrive? n/a, very little ped/bike traffic Do you have any suggestions for how we can improve the safety/connectivity of the facility/activity center? Lighting is an issue. This was an issue in Sells. They recently completed a 10 year lighting plan in Sells where they were experiencing a large number of pedestrian accidents (people crossing Route 86). IHS and Tohono O’odham addressed problem with lighting and there have been no pedestrian accidents since. Do you have any additional comments or ideas for us? Final Report Talk to the Education/Recreation and Head Start Center Phyllis Spears, IHS, should also be contacted for additional information on Safe Routes to Schools C-7 December 31, 2009 Survey Instrument revised 02/26/09 Interviews with Stakeholders Date: March 30, 2009 Meeting Location: Phone Interview Interviewee: Shirley Kalinowski Association: Principal San Xavier del Bac Mission School San Xavier Mission School What facility/activity center is respondent associated with: Grades: kindergarten through 8th grade. The school primarily serves Tohono O'odham children from the San Xavier District (Village of Wa:k) and surrounding areas, however it is not exclusively Native American What are the facility hours of activity/operation 7am – 4pm, Monday through Friday What is the peak time(s) AM Period – 7- 8, peak at 7:15, PM Period – 2:45 – 3:45, peak 2:45 – 3:15 What causes this peak(s) (school lets out, church traffic) School start/dismissal What is the mode by which people arrive at the facility? Majority students come by school bus. Typically, 10-15 students walk to campus daily. Only occasionally will a student ride a bicycle to school. Staff arrive by personal vehicles. From what direction/route do pedestrians and or bicyclists arrive? [All] Do you have any suggestions for how we can improve the safety/connectivity of the facility/activity center? Sidewalks would be nice, no dedicated pedestrian routes. The distance to the rec center is approximately 1 mile, while the younger students are discourage from walking, some of the older students do (the bus does make a stop there and the education center). There are several projects underway now (notably the sidewalks at the Mission and drainage on the south side of the street) that will disrupt and potentially impact the pattern of school drop-offs/pick-ups There is a stop sign in front of the school – not everyone stops (safety concern for pedestrians) Crossing the wash and river is unsafe, given the narrow bridge Do you have any additional comments or ideas for us? The darkness is part of what makes the community unique, very little light anywhere Kids tend to wear dark clothes, compounding the visibility problem Pilgrimage time is October, however, there are people walking regularly to the church (and the Santa Cruz crossing is dangerous) Final Report C-8 December 31, 2009 Survey Instrument revised 02/26/09 Interviews with Stakeholders Date: March 25, 2009 Meeting Location: Phone Interview Interviewee: Melvin Moreno Association: Planning Committee Member, Vice-Chair What facility/activity center is respondent associated with: Indian Health Services What are the facility hours of activity/operation 7am – 5pm What is the peak time(s) Peak hours 12pm – 5p What causes this peak(s) (school lets out, church traffic) What is the mode by which people arrive at the facility? From what direction/route do pedestrians and or bicyclists arrive? Do you have any suggestions for how we can improve the safety/connectivity of the facility/activity center? Do you have any additional comments or ideas for us? Final Report Employees – private vehicle, Clients privately owned vehicle, “rural transit” n/a Santa Cruz crossing should be on north side – crossing as planned on south side will require pedestrians to cross San Xavier two times. (have raised the issue at the Planning Commission on March 4) Lighting is an issue (at the bridge and also recreation center) Few bicycles through reservation, especially across bridge Valencia recently improved to 4 lanes has created increased traffic along Mission. Would like to see traffic counts north and south of Los Reales on Mission, there are always accidents at Los Reales Road. C-9 December 31, 2009 Survey Instrument revised 02/26/09 Interviews with Stakeholders Date: Meeting Location: Interviewee: Association: [Indicate Phone Interview or Live] [Introduction – to be read prior to questions] The Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT) is conducting a Pedestrian Access and Safety Study for the San Xavier District of the Tohono O’odham Nation. Our firm, HDR, was hired as a consultant to ADOT and to complete the study. The plan will balance the need for facilitating pedestrian travel for both community members and visitors with the community’s desire for privacy. The major product of the study will be a final report which will contain a plan for improvements over five- and ten-year periods. What facility/activity center is respondent associated with: _______________________________________________ What are the facility hours of activity/operation: (from) _____ am / pm - _____ am / pm What is the peak time(s) (from) _____ am / pm - _____ am / pm (from) _____ am / pm - _____ am / pm What causes this peak(s) (school lets out, church traffic) ________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ What is the mode by which people arrive at the facility? Employees  Car_____  Bicycle_____  Walk_____  Other (indicate mode) _______ Clients (i.e. users)  Car_____  Bicycle_____  Walk_____  Other (indicate mode) _______ From what direction/route do pedestrians and or bicyclists arrive? _________________________________________ Do you have any suggestions for how we can improve the safety/connectivity of the facility/activity center? ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ Do you have any additional comments or ideas for us? __________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ Final Report C-10 December 31, 2009 Appendix D – BLOS and PLOS Analysis Reports With No Pedestrian Improvements Final Report D-1 December 31, 2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 San Xavier - I19NB OnRamp - Ventura Drive 2009 - BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: BLOS: PLOS: Score 3.74 4.1 Level-of-service D (3.51-4.50) D (3.51-4.50) http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 1 12 ft 0 ft 5340 (veh/day) 35 mph 2% 4 0% 0% Compatibility Level Moderately Low Moderately Low 6/19/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 San Xavier - I19 SB OffRamp - I19NB OnRamp 2009 - BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: BLOS: PLOS: Score 3.71 4.07 Level-of-service D (3.51-4.50) D (3.51-4.50) http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 1 12 ft 0 ft 5015 (veh/day) 35 mph 2% 4 0% 0% Compatibility Level Moderately Low Moderately Low 6/19/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 San Xavier - Little Nogales Dr - I19 SB OffRamp 2009 - BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: BLOS: PLOS: Score 3.65 4 Level-of-service D (3.51-4.50) D (3.51-4.50) http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 1 12 ft 0 ft 4435 (veh/day) 35 mph 2% 4 0% 0% Compatibility Level Moderately Low Moderately Low 6/19/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 San Xavier - Mission Rd - Little Nogales Dr 2009 - BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: BLOS: PLOS: Score 3.09 3.6 Level-of-service C (2.51-3.50) D (3.51-4.50) http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 1 12 ft 0 ft 3016 (veh/day) 25 mph 2% 4 0% 0% Compatibility Level Moderately High Moderately Low 6/19/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 Mission Rd - Valencia Rd - San Xavier Rd 2009 - BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: BLOS: PLOS: Score 3.77 4.28 Level-of-service D (3.51-4.50) D (3.51-4.50) http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 1 12 ft 0 ft 4061 (veh/day) 45 mph 2% 4 0% 0% Compatibility Level Moderately Low Moderately Low 6/19/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 LittleNogalesDr - San Xavier Rd (N) - San Xavier Rd (S) 2009 - BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: BLOS: PLOS: Score 3.16 3.64 Level-of-service C (2.51-3.50) D (3.51-4.50) http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 1 12 ft 0 ft 3435 (veh/day) 25 mph 2% 4 0% 0% Compatibility Level Moderately High Moderately Low 6/19/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 LittleNogalesDr - Walk Ln - Campus Dr 2009 - BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: BLOS: PLOS: Score 2.38 3.33 Level-of-service B (1.51-2.50) C (2.51-3.50) http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 1 12 ft 0 ft 733 (veh/day) 25 mph 2% 4 0% 0% Compatibility Level Very High Moderately High 6/19/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 San Xavier - I19NB OnRamp - Ventura Drive 2014 - BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: BLOS: PLOS: Score 4.26 5.22 Level-of-service D (3.51-4.50) E (4.51-5.50) http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 1 12 ft 0 ft 15000 (veh/day) 35 mph 2% 4 0% 0% Compatibility Level Moderately Low Very Low 6/19/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 San Xavier - I19 SB OffRamp - I19NB OnRamp 2014 - BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: BLOS: PLOS: Score 4.21 5.04 Level-of-service D (3.51-4.50) E (4.51-5.50) http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 1 12 ft 0 ft 13400 (veh/day) 35 mph 2% 4 0% 0% Compatibility Level Moderately Low Very Low 6/19/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 San Xavier - Little Nogales Dr - I19 SB OffRamp 2014 - BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: BLOS: PLOS: Score 4.24 5.14 Level-of-service D (3.51-4.50) E (4.51-5.50) http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 1 12 ft 0 ft 14300 (veh/day) 35 mph 2% 4 0% 0% Compatibility Level Moderately Low Very Low 6/19/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 San Xavier - Mission Rd - Little Nogales Dr 2014 - BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: BLOS: PLOS: Score 3.73 4.46 Level-of-service D (3.51-4.50) D (3.51-4.50) http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 1 12 ft 0 ft 10500 (veh/day) 25 mph 2% 4 0% 0% Compatibility Level Moderately Low Moderately Low 6/19/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 Mission Rd - Valencia Rd - San Xavier Rd 2014 - BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: BLOS: PLOS: Score 4.16 4.83 Level-of-service D (3.51-4.50) E (4.51-5.50) http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 1 12 ft 0 ft 8800 (veh/day) 45 mph 2% 4 0% 0% Compatibility Level Moderately Low Very Low 6/19/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 LittleNogalesDr - San Xavier Rd (N) - San Xavier Rd (S) 2014 - BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: BLOS: PLOS: Score 3.85 4.8 Level-of-service D (3.51-4.50) E (4.51-5.50) http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 1 12 ft 0 ft 13400 (veh/day) 25 mph 2% 4 0% 0% Compatibility Level Moderately Low Very Low 6/19/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 San Xavier - I19NB OnRamp - Ventura Drive 2030 - BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: BLOS: PLOS: Score 4.27 5.23 Level-of-service D (3.51-4.50) E (4.51-5.50) http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 1 12 ft 0 ft 15100 (veh/day) 35 mph 2% 4 0% 0% Compatibility Level Moderately Low Very Low 6/19/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 San Xavier - I19 SB OffRamp - I19NB OnRamp 2030 - BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: BLOS: PLOS: Score 4.2 5.03 Level-of-service D (3.51-4.50) E (4.51-5.50) http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 1 12 ft 0 ft 13300 (veh/day) 35 mph 2% 4 0% 0% Compatibility Level Moderately Low Very Low 6/19/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 San Xavier - Little Nogales Dr - I19 SB OffRamp 2030 - BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: BLOS: PLOS: Score 4.26 5.2 Level-of-service D (3.51-4.50) E (4.51-5.50) http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 1 12 ft 0 ft 14800 (veh/day) 35 mph 2% 4 0% 0% Compatibility Level Moderately Low Very Low 6/19/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 San Xavier - Mission Rd - Little Nogales Dr 2030 - BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: BLOS: PLOS: Score 3.69 4.38 Level-of-service D (3.51-4.50) D (3.51-4.50) http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 1 12 ft 0 ft 9800 (veh/day) 25 mph 2% 4 0% 0% Compatibility Level Moderately Low Moderately Low 6/19/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 Mission Rd - Valencia Rd - San Xavier Rd 2030 - BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: BLOS: PLOS: Score 4.2 4.91 Level-of-service D (3.51-4.50) E (4.51-5.50) http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 1 12 ft 0 ft 9500 (veh/day) 45 mph 2% 4 0% 0% Compatibility Level Moderately Low Very Low 6/19/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 LittleNogalesDr - San Xavier Rd (N) - San Xavier Rd (S) 2030 - BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: BLOS: PLOS: Score 3.72 4.44 Level-of-service D (3.51-4.50) D (3.51-4.50) http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 1 12 ft 0 ft 10300 (veh/day) 25 mph 2% 4 0% 0% Compatibility Level Moderately Low Moderately Low 6/19/2009 Appendix E – Level of Service Formulas for Pedestrian and Bicycle The BLOS analysis was performed using the BLOS/PLOS Calculator Form developed by Bruce Landis et al. for the League of Illinois Bicyclists. This form uses the BLOS model and PLOS model, which are based on the equations below: BLOS = 0.507 ln(Vol15/L) + 0.199 SPt(1+10.38HV)2+ 7.066(1/PR5)2–0.005 We2+ 0.760 Vol15 L SPt HV PR5 We Wt Wl ΣWr = = = = = = = = = volume of directional traffic in 15 minute time period total number of through lanes effective speed limit = 1.1199 ln(SPp-20) + 0.8103, where SPp is posted speed percentage of heavy vehicles FHWA’s 5-point surface condition rating (5=best) average effective width of outside through lane = Wt+ Wl - ΣWr total width of outside lane and shoulder/parking pavement width of paving from outside lane stripe to pavement edge width reduction due to encroachments in outside lane PLOS = -1.227 ln(Wol + Wl + fP x %OSP + fb x Wb + fSW x WS) + 0.009 (Vol15/L) + 0.0004 SPD2+ 6.046 Wol Wl Fp %OSP Fb Wb fSW WS Vol15 L SPD Final Report = = = = = = = = = = = width of outside lane width from outside lane stripe to pavement edge (shoulder, parking, bike lanes) on-street parking effect coefficient percent of segment with on-street parking buffer area barrier coefficient buffer width (between edge of pavement and sidewalk) sidewalk presence coefficient width of sidewalk volume of directional traffic in 15 minute time period total number of through lanes average running speed of traffic E-1 December 31, 2009 Appendix F – Outreach Documents Final Report F-1 December 31, 2009 SAN XAVIER PEDESTRIAN SAFETY PLAN This map shows a proposed network of pathways, trails, and sidewalks that could be constructed within the San Xavier District within the next ten to twenty years. Please note the following:  None of these projects have been funded.  None of these projects will be constructed without further review by the community and council  These plans can change as the community expresses their hopes, desires, and concerns. WHAT YOU CAN DO:  Use a marker or pen to write your concern on the map  Use a marker of pen to indicate areas of the community you feel are unsafe for pedestrians  Write your comments and concerns on a comment card and give it to the secretary Thank you for helping us plan for a safe future for your family and friends in the San Xavier Community. If you have questions about this plan, please contact Nathan Barrett in the Planning Department at 573‐ 4073. Appendix G – Transcribed Comments Final Report G-1 December 31, 2009 Appendix H – BLOS and PLOS Analysis Reports Based on Preferred Alternative Final Report H-1 December 31, 2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: Sidewalk width: Sidewalk buffer/parkway width: BLOS: PLOS: Score 4.26 3.45 Level-of-service D (3.51-4.50) C (2.51-3.50) 1 12 ft 0 ft 15000 (veh/day) 35 mph 2% 4 0% 100% 8 ft 10 ft Compatibility Level Moderately Low Moderately High Year 2014: San Xavier Rd from I-19 NB On Ramp to Ventura Dr. http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 8/25/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: Sidewalk width: Sidewalk buffer/parkway width: BLOS: PLOS: Score 4.21 3.27 Level-of-service D (3.51-4.50) C (2.51-3.50) 1 12 ft 0 ft 13400 (veh/day) 35 mph 2% 4 0% 100% 8 ft 10 ft Compatibility Level Moderately Low Moderately High Year 2014: San Xavier from I-19NB to I-19SB http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 8/25/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: Sidewalk width: Sidewalk buffer/parkway width: BLOS: PLOS: Score 4.24 3.37 Level-of-service D (3.51-4.50) C (2.51-3.50) 1 12 ft 0 ft 14300 (veh/day) 35 mph 2% 4 0% 100% 8 ft 10 ft Compatibility Level Moderately Low Moderately High Year 2014: San Xavier from Little Nogales Dr. to I-19SB http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 8/25/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: Sidewalk width: Sidewalk buffer/parkway width: BLOS: PLOS: Score 3.73 2.73 Level-of-service D (3.51-4.50) C (2.51-3.50) 1 12 ft 0 ft 10500 (veh/day) 25 mph 2% 4 0% 100% 6 ft 12 ft Compatibility Level Moderately Low Moderately High Year 2014: San Xavier from Mission to Gok Kawulk Wog http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 8/25/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: Sidewalk width: Sidewalk buffer/parkway width: BLOS: PLOS: Score 3.85 3.14 Level-of-service D (3.51-4.50) C (2.51-3.50) 1 12 ft 0 ft 13400 (veh/day) 25 mph 2% 4 0% 100% 10 ft 4.5 ft Compatibility Level Moderately Low Moderately High Year 2014: San Xavier from Gok Kawulk Wog to Little Nogales Dr. http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 8/25/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: Sidewalk width: Sidewalk buffer/parkway width: BLOS: PLOS: Score 4.16 3.05 Level-of-service D (3.51-4.50) C (2.51-3.50) 1 12 ft 0 ft 8800 (veh/day) 45 mph 2% 4 0% 100% 8 ft 10 ft Compatibility Level Moderately Low Moderately High Year 2014: Mission from Valencia to San Xavier http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 8/25/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: Sidewalk width: Sidewalk buffer/parkway width: BLOS: PLOS: Score 3.85 3.14 Level-of-service D (3.51-4.50) C (2.51-3.50) 1 12 ft 0 ft 13400 (veh/day) 25 mph 2% 4 0% 100% 10 ft 4.5 ft Compatibility Level Moderately Low Moderately High Year 2014: Little Nogales Dr. from San Xavier North to San Xavier south http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 8/25/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: Sidewalk width: Sidewalk buffer/parkway width: BLOS: PLOS: Score 4.27 3.46 Level-of-service D (3.51-4.50) C (2.51-3.50) 1 12 ft 0 ft 15100 (veh/day) 35 mph 2% 4 0% 100% 8 ft 10 ft Compatibility Level Moderately Low Moderately High Year 2030: San Xavier from I-19NB to Ventura http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 8/25/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: Sidewalk width: Sidewalk buffer/parkway width: BLOS: PLOS: Score 4.2 3.26 Level-of-service D (3.51-4.50) C (2.51-3.50) 1 12 ft 0 ft 13300 (veh/day) 35 mph 2% 4 0% 100% 8 ft 10 ft Compatibility Level Moderately Low Moderately High Year 2030: San Xavier from I-19NB to I-19SB http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 8/25/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: Sidewalk width: Sidewalk buffer/parkway width: BLOS: PLOS: Score 4.26 3.43 Level-of-service D (3.51-4.50) C (2.51-3.50) 1 12 ft 0 ft 14800 (veh/day) 35 mph 2% 4 0% 100% 8 ft 10 ft Compatibility Level Moderately Low Moderately High Year 2030: San Xavier from Little Nogales Dr. to I-19SB http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 8/25/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: Sidewalk width: Sidewalk buffer/parkway width: BLOS: PLOS: Score 3.69 2.65 Level-of-service D (3.51-4.50) C (2.51-3.50) 1 12 ft 0 ft 9800 (veh/day) 25 mph 2% 4 0% 100% 6 ft 12 ft Compatibility Level Moderately Low Moderately High Year 2030: San Xavier from Mission to Gok Kawulk Wog http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 8/25/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: Sidewalk width: Sidewalk buffer/parkway width: BLOS: PLOS: Score 3.72 2.78 Level-of-service D (3.51-4.50) C (2.51-3.50) 1 12 ft 0 ft 10300 (veh/day) 25 mph 2% 4 0% 100% 10 ft 4.5 ft Compatibility Level Moderately Low Moderately High Year 2030: San Xavier from Gok Kawulk Wog to Little Nogales Dr. http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 8/25/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: Sidewalk width: Sidewalk buffer/parkway width: BLOS: PLOS: Score 4.2 3.14 Level-of-service D (3.51-4.50) C (2.51-3.50) 1 12 ft 0 ft 9500 (veh/day) 45 mph 2% 4 0% 100% 8 ft 10 ft Compatibility Level Moderately Low Moderately High Year 2030: Mission from Valencia to San Xavier http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 8/25/2009 BLOS and PLOS Page 1 of 1 BLOS and PLOS for the following road segment Lanes per direction: Outside lane width: Paved shoulder/bike lane/marked parking width: Bidirectional ADT traffic volume: Posted speed limit: Heavy vehicle percentage: FHWA's pavement condition rating: % of segment with occupied parking: % of segment with sidewalks: Sidewalk width: Sidewalk buffer/parkway width: BLOS: PLOS: Score 3.72 2.78 Level-of-service D (3.51-4.50) C (2.51-3.50) 1 12 ft 0 ft 10300 (veh/day) 25 mph 2% 4 0% 100% 10 ft 4.5 ft Compatibility Level Moderately Low Moderately High Year 2030: Little Nogales Dr. from San Xavier North to San Xavier south http://www.bikelib.org/roads/blos/losform.htm 8/25/2009