Arizona Criminal Justice Commission Statistical Analysis Center Publication Our mission is to sustain and enhance the coordination, cohesiveness, productivity and effectiveness of the Criminal Justice System in Arizona Coconino County Crim inal Justice Data Profile November 2014 ARIZONA CRIMINAL JUSTICE COMMISSION Chairperson BILL MONTGOMERY Maricopa County Attorney Vice-Chairperson DAVID K. BYERS, Director Administrative Office of the Courts JOSEPH ARPAIO Maricopa County Sheriff JOSEPH R. BRUGMAN, Chief Safford Police Department TIMOTHY J. DORN, Chief Gilbert Police Department CLARENCE DUPNIK Pima County Sheriff CHRIS GIBBS, Mayor City of Safford ROBERT C. HALLIDAY, Director Department of Public Safety TOM HORNE Attorney General DREW JOHN Graham County Supervisor BARBARA LAWALL Pima County Attorney SHEILA POLK Yavapai County Attorney WILLIAM PRIBIL Coconino County Sheriff DAVID SANDERS Pima County Chief Probation Officer DANIEL G. SHARP, Chief Oro Valley Police Department ELLEN KIRSCHBAUM, Chairperson Board of Executive Clemency CHARLES RYAN, Director Department of Corrections STEVEN SHELDON Former Judge MARK SPENCER Law Enforcement Leader JOHN A. BLACKBURN, JR. Executive Director i This report is a product of the Arizona Criminal Justice Commission’s Statistical Analysis Center. The following staff members of the Statistical Analysis Center contributed to this and the other county criminal justice data profiles: Megan Armstrong Aida Ceja Steve Irvine Vanessa Jones Victor Mora Michelle Neitch Sara Skinner Phillip Stevenson This project was supported by Grant # 2012-BJ-CX-K012 awarded to the Arizona Criminal Justice Commission by the U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics. Points of view or opinions contained within this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. Suggested citation: Arizona Criminal Justice Commission (2014). Coconino County Criminal Justice Data Profile. Arizona Criminal Justice Commission. Phoenix, AZ. ii Table of Contents Executive Summary ............................................................................................................ 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 6 Criminal Justice Data Sources.............................................................................................. 7 Population Data ................................................................................................................. 8 Law Enforcement Data ....................................................................................................... 9 Part I Index Offense Counts and Rates .......................................................................11 Violent Index Offense Counts..........................................................................11 Violent Index Offense Rates ...........................................................................12 Violent Index Offenses ...................................................................................13 Murder/Non-negligent Manslaughter .....................................................13 Forcible Rape......................................................................................15 Robbery .............................................................................................17 Aggravated Assault .............................................................................20 Property Index Offense Counts .......................................................................23 Property Index Offense Rates .........................................................................24 Property Crime Index Offenses .......................................................................25 Burglary .............................................................................................25 Larceny-Theft .....................................................................................27 Motor Vehicle Theft .............................................................................29 Arson .................................................................................................31 Part II Arrest Counts and Rates .................................................................................35 Simple Assaults .............................................................................................37 Forgery and Counterfeiting .............................................................................39 Fraud............................................................................................................41 Embezzlement ...............................................................................................43 Stolen Property..............................................................................................45 Vandalism .....................................................................................................47 Weapons.......................................................................................................49 Sex Offenses .................................................................................................51 Sale or Manufacturing of Drugs .......................................................................53 Possession of Drugs .......................................................................................55 Offenses against Family/Children ....................................................................57 Driving Under the Influence (DUI) ...................................................................59 Liquor Law Violations .....................................................................................61 Disorderly Conduct ........................................................................................63 Court and Probation Data ..................................................................................................65 Superior Court..........................................................................................................65 Justice Courts ..........................................................................................................66 Municipal Courts .......................................................................................................67 Probation .................................................................................................................68 Adult Standard Probation ..........................................................................................68 Restitution and Community Service .................................................................69 Adult Intensive Probation ..........................................................................................71 Restitution and Community Service .................................................................72 Corrections Data ...............................................................................................................74 Conclusion........................................................................................................................75 iii Table of Contents (continued) Appendix A- Part II Offenses ..............................................................................................76 iv List of Tables Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table 1: Data Sources ...............................................................................................7 2: Coconino County and Arizona Population, 2002-2012 .....................................8 3: Robberies with a Firearm Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012.............. 19 4: Aggravated Assaults with a Firearm Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 .................................................................................................................... 22 5: Total Filings in Superior Court, FY2002-FY2012............................................ 65 6: Total Felony Filings in Superior Court, FY2002-FY2012 ................................. 65 7: Total Justice Court Case Filings, FY2002-FY2012.......................................... 66 8: Municipal Court Case Filings, FY2002-FY2012 .............................................. 67 9: Standard Probationers Under Direct Supervision in Coconino County and Arizona, FY2002-FY2012................................................................................ 68 10: Restitution Collected from Standard Probationers in Coconino County, FY2002-FY2012 ............................................................................................ 69 11: Intensive Probationers in Coconino County and Arizona, FY2002-FY2012..... 71 12: Restitution Collected from Intensive Probationers in Coconino County, FY2002-FY2012 ............................................................................................ 72 v List of Figures Figure 1: Reported Violent Index Offenses Coconino County, 2002-2012 .................... 11 Figure 2: Reported Violent Index Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 20022012 ............................................................................................................ 12 Figure 3: Reported Murders/Non Negligent Manslaughter Coconino County, 2002-2012 .................................................................................................................... 13 Figure 4: Reported Murder/Non Negligent Manslaughter Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 ................................................................................ 14 Figure 5: Reported Forcible Rapes Coconino County, 2002-2012 ................................ 15 Figure 6: Reported Forcible Rape Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 20022012 ............................................................................................................ 16 Figure 7: Reported Robberies Coconino County, 2002-2012 ....................................... 17 Figure 8: Reported Robbery Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 . 18 Figure 9: Reported Aggravated Assaults Coconino County, 2002-2012 ....................... 20 Figure 10: Reported Aggravated Assault Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 .................................................................................................... 21 Figure 11: Reported Property Index Offenses Coconino County, 2002-2012 ................ 23 Figure 12: Reported Property Index Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 20022012 ............................................................................................................ 24 Figure 13: Reported Burglaries Coconino County, 2002-2012 ..................................... 25 Figure 14: Reported Burglary Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 .................................................................................................................... 26 Figure 15: Reported Larceny/Thefts Coconino County, 2002-2012 ............................. 27 Figure 16: Reported Larceny-Theft Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 20022012 ............................................................................................................ 28 Figure 17: Reported Motor Vehicle Thefts Coconino County, 2002-2012 ..................... 29 Figure 18: Reported Motor Vehicle Theft Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 .................................................................................................... 30 Figure 19: Reported Arsons Coconino County, 2002-2012.......................................... 31 Figure 20: Reported Arson Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 ... 32 Figure 21: Percent Change in Index Offense Counts Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 .................................................................................................... 33 Figure 22: Percent Change in Index Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 20022012 ............................................................................................................ 34 Figure 23: Part II Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 ............................................. 35 Figure 24: Part II Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 ................... 36 Figure 25: Simple Assault Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 ................................. 37 Figure 26: Simple Assaults Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012...... 38 Figure 27: Forgery and Counterfeiting Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 ............... 39 Figure 28: Forgery and Counterfeiting Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 20022012 ............................................................................................................ 40 Figure 29: Fraud Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 .............................................. 41 Figure 30: Fraud Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 .................... 42 vi List of Figures (continued) Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure 31: Embezzlement Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 ................................. 43 32: Embezzlement Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 ....... 44 33: Stolen Property Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 ................................ 45 34: Stolen Property Arrest Rates Coconino County, 2002-2012 ........................ 46 35: Vandalism Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 ....................................... 47 36: Vandalism Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 ............. 48 37: Weapons Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 ......................................... 49 38: Weapons Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 ............... 50 39: Sex Offense Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 ..................................... 51 40: Sex Offense Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 ........... 52 41: Sale or Manufacturing of Drugs Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 ......... 53 42: Drug Sale or Manufacturing Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 .................................................................................................... 54 Figure 43: Drug Possession Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012............................... 55 Figure 44: Drug Possession Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 .... 56 Figure 45: Offenses Against Family/Children Arrests Coconino County, 2002-20122012 .................................................................................................................... 57 Figure 46: Offenses Against Family/Children Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 .................................................................................................... 58 Figure 47: DUI Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 ................................................. 59 Figure 48: DUI Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 ....................... 60 Figure 49: Liquor Law Violation Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 ......................... 61 Figure 50: Liquor Law Violations Arrests Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 .................................................................................................................... 62 Figure 51: Disorderly Conduct Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 ........................... 63 Figure 52: Disorderly Conduct Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012. 64 Figure 53: Community Service Hours Completed by Standard Probationers in Coconino County, FY2002-FY2012 ................................................................................ 70 Figure 54: Community Service Hours Completed by Intensive Probationers in Coconino County, FY2002-FY2012 ................................................................................ 73 Figure 55: Department of Corrections Releases to Coconino County, 2002-2012 ......... 74 vii Executive Summary On a regular basis, the Arizona Criminal Justice Commission publishes a criminal justice system trends report, which is titled Arizona Crime Trends: A System Review. In support of data-driven policy and practice, the report uses publicly available data to describe the activity of Arizona’s criminal justice system from law enforcement agencies description of the offenses reported to their agencies to descriptive characteristics of the inmate population of the Arizona Department of Corrections. Although the data in Arizona Crime Trends provides a valuable overview of crime and criminal justice activity data at the state level, it is important to recognize that much of Arizona’s criminal justice system activity is conducted at the municipal and county level (e.g., local and county law enforcement, city and county attorneys, county probation, municipal courts, county superior courts, etc.). Aggregating the data to describe system activity for the state as a whole can mask important differences in crime and criminal justice system activity at the local level. To support data-driven policy and practice among municipal and county criminal justice agencies, ACJC’s Statistical Analysis Center (SAC) has compiled criminal justice system data at the county level similar to that published in Arizona Crime Trends: A System Review. More specifically, in this inaugural edition of the Coconino County Criminal Justice Data Profile, the most recent 11 years of data available on law enforcement, court, probation, and corrections activity impacting Coconino County are compiled to give county-based criminal justice policymakers and practitioners an overview of crime and criminal justice system activity in their county. An analysis of the Coconino County data included in this report reveals the following: Offenses Reported to the Police   From 2002 to 2012 the number of violent offenses reported to Coconino County law enforcement agencies generally decreased. Despite increases in the number of violent index offenses reported to the police from 2004 to 2006 and from 2009 to 2011, during the entire time period examined the number of violent index offenses reported to police decreased by 36.4 percent.  From 2002 to 2012, there were 42 murders/non-negligent manslaughters reported to Coconino County law enforcement agencies, ranging from a low of one murder in 2005 to a high of seven in 2004.  From 2002 to 2012, there was considerable year-to-year variation in the number of forcible rapes reported to Coconino County law enforcement agencies. During this time the number of rapes reported to Coconino County law enforcement agencies ranged from a low of 48 in 2012 and 2010 to a high of 75 in 2008. 1  After an 18.8 percent decrease from 2002 to 2003 in the number of robberies reported to law enforcement agencies in Coconino County, the number of robberies increased 89.3 percent from 2003 to 2006. From 2006 to 2012 the number of robberies consistently decreased and by 2012 the number of reported robberies was 20.3 percent lower than in 2002.  From 2002 to 2012, the percentage of robberies committed with a firearm ranged from a low of 19.3 percent in 2011 to a high of 42.9 percent in 2003.  The number of aggravated assaults reported to the police in Coconino County decreased by 39.3 percent from 2002 to 2012.  From 2002 to 2012, the percentage of aggravated assaults involving a firearm in Coconino County ranged from a low of 6.4 percent in 2012 to a high of 20.3 in 2005 and 2008.  The number of property index offenses reported to Coconino County law enforcement agencies decreased by 37.5 percent, from 6,775 property offenses in 2002 to 4,236 property offenses in 2012.  The number of burglaries reported to Coconino County law enforcement agencies declined by 50.6 percent from 1,085 burglaries in 2002 to 536 burglaries in 2012.  From 2002 to 2012, the number of larceny-thefts reported to law enforcement in Coconino County generally declined by 33.0 percent from 5,273 larceny-thefts in 2002 to 3,533 in 2012.  From 2002 to 2012, the number of motor vehicle thefts reported to Coconino County law enforcement agencies decreased by 69.0 percent from 371 motor vehicle thefts in 2002 to 115 in 2012.  From 2002 to 2012, there was considerable variation in the number of arsons reported to Coconino County law enforcement agencies ranging from a low of 31 in 2009 to a high of 97 in 2007. Arrests  From 2002 to 2004, arrests for Part II offenses in Coconino County increased by 20.1 percent before decreasing from 2004 to 2009 by 24.6 percent. From 2009 to 2012 the number of arrests increased again, this time by 29.8 percent. The number of arrests for Part II offenses in Coconino County in 2012 was 17.5 percent greater than in 2002, from 10,131 arrests in 2002 to 11,900 arrests in 2012. 2  From 2002 to 2012, the number of arrests for simple assault in Coconino County increased by 40.0 percent, from 876 arrests in 2002 to 1,226 arrests in 2012.  After increasing from 26 forgery and counterfeiting arrests in 2002 to 54 arrests in 2005, from 2005 to 2012 the number of forgery and counterfeiting arrests in Coconino County decreased by 66.7 percent to a time period low of 18 arrests in 2012.  Even with a large increase in the number of arrests for fraud in Coconino County from 2002 to 2003, overall, from 2002 to 2012 the number of arrests for fraud decreased by 21.7 percent.  From 2002 to 2012, there were 71 stolen property arrests in Coconino County ranging from a low of two in 2003 to a high of 11 in 2007.  From 2002 to 2012, the number of arrests for vandalism in Coconino County generally increased from 330 arrests in 2002 to 540 arrests in 2012.  After increasing from 49 weapons arrests in 2002 to 110 arrests in 2005, the number of weapons arrests in Coconino County decreased by 74.5 percent to 28 weapons arrests in 2012.  After decreasing from 134 sex offense arrests in 2002 to 81 arrests in 2004, the number of sex offense arrests in Coconino County increased by 85.2 percent to 150 arrests in 2012.  After increasing from 95 arrests for the sale or manufacturing of drugs in 2002 to 161 arrests in 2004, the number of arrests in Coconino County for the sale or manufacturing of drugs declined by 59.0 percent to 66 arrests in 2012.  After increasing from 840 drug possession arrests in 2002 to 1,079 arrests in 2005, the number of drug possession arrests in Coconino County remained relatively stable, ranging from a high of 1,079 arrests in 2005 to a low of 873 arrests in 2012.  The number of arrests for offenses against family or children in Coconino County remained relatively stable from 2002 to 2008. From 2008 to 2012, the number of arrests for offenses against family or children increased more than seven-fold from 87 arrests in 2008 to 660 arrests in 2012.  From 2002 to 2006 the number of DUI in Coconino County increased by 21.9 percent from 1,093 DUI arrests in 2002 to 1,332 arrests in 2006. From 2006 to 2009 the number of DUI arrests decreased by 30.6 percent before increasing again by 31.7 percent to 1,218 arrests in 2012. 3  From 2002 to 2012, the number of arrests for liquor law violations in Coconino County increased 76.8 percent, from 1,212 arrests in 2002 to 2,143 arrests in 2012.  Although the number of disorderly conduct arrests in Coconino County generally declined from 2002 to 2012, because of a 27.6 percent increase in the number of disorderly conduct arrests from 2011 to 2012, there were nearly an equivalent number of disorderly conduct arrests in 2012 as in 2002. Courts  Even though the number of cases filed in Coconino County Superior Court decreased by 4.5 percent from 2007 to 2012, in 2012, the number of cases filed in Coconino County Superior Court was 4.9 percent greater than the number of cases filed in 2002.  Although the number of felony filings in Coconino County Superior Court generally increased from 2002 to 2006, from 2007 to 2012 the number of felony case filings in Coconino County Superior Court decreased by 10.8 percent and by 2012, the number of felony cases filed was 6.3 percent lower than in 2002.  The total number of cases filed in Coconino County Justice Courts declined by 24.6 percent from 2002 to 2012. During this time, the number of criminal traffic filings decreased by 19.7 percent and non-traffic misdemeanor filings decreased by 70.2 percent.  From 2002 to 2012, the number of cases filed in Coconino County Municipal Courts has decreased by 17.5 percent. During this time, the number of criminal traffic cases filed in municipal courts in Coconino County decreased by 18.3 percent and the number of non-traffic misdemeanors decreased by 21.4 percent. Probation  From 2007 to 2012, the number of standard probationers under direct supervision in Coconino County decreased by 7.3 percent. Even with the recent decrease in the number of standard probationers in Coconino County from 2007 to 2012, in 2012 there were 3.9 percent more standard probationers in Coconino County than in 2002.  From 2002 to 2012, $1,823,856 in restitution and $8,579,905 in total collections was collected from offenders on standard probation in Coconino. 4  Standard probationers in Cochise County performed 68,073 hours of community service, which at the minimum wage in Arizona at the time this report was written ($7.90/hour), totaled $537,776.70 of work performed.  From 2007 to 2012, the number of convicted offenders on intensive probation in Coconino County increased by 18.5 percent. Overall, there were 12.8 percent more offenders on intensive probation than there were in 2002.  From 2002 to 2012, $287,104 in restitution and $1,776,220 in total collections were collected from offenders on intensive probation in Coconino County.  From 2002 to 2012, intensive probationers in Coconino County performed 180,166 hours of community service, which at the minimum wage in Arizona at the time this report was written ($7.90/hour), totaled $1,423,311.40 of work performed. Corrections  From 2002 to 2012, there were 3,141 individuals released from ADC to Coconino County. 5 Introduction Arizona’s criminal justice system is a large and complex system made up of hundreds of agencies and related organizations at the state, county, and municipal level. On a regular basis, the Arizona Criminal Justice Commission (ACJC) publishes Arizona Crime Trends: A System Review, which reviews statewide criminal and juvenile justice data on crime and delinquency, law enforcement activity, the courts, probation, and corrections. In the 2011 Crime Trends report, the following trends were noted.  The number of violent index offenses reported to the police in Arizona in 2010 was 4.4 percent lower than in 2000 and 15.6 percent lower than the decade high in 2006. But because of the increase in the population of Arizona, from 2000 to 2010 the violent index offense rate decreased by 23.2 percent.  The number of property index offenses reported to the police in Arizona decreased by 16.9 percent from 2000 to 2010, which when adjusted for change in state’s population, resulted in a 33.3 percent decrease in the property index offense rate during that time period.  Statewide, from 2000 to 2010 the number of felony case filings increased by 37.8 percent, from 40,137 to 59,385.  From 2000 to 2010 the number of individuals on standard probation increased by 15.2 percent, from 32,809 to 37,802.  From 2000 to 2010 the number of individuals incarcerated in the Arizona Department of Corrections increased by 51.4 percent, from 26,510 to 40,130. Although Arizona Crime Trends provides a comprehensive picture of crime and criminal justice system activity at the state level, it is important to recognize that much of Arizona’s criminal justice system is organized at the county level (e.g., county attorneys, county probation, and county superior courts). To support data-driven policy and practice among county criminal justice system agencies, ACJC’s Statistical Analysis Center (SAC) has created a set of data profiles at the county level similar to that published in Arizona Crime Trends. Although the data included in this profile provides some important insights into crime and criminal justice system activity in Coconino County, the Coconino County Criminal Justice Data Profile cannot answer all the questions readers may have about crime and criminal justice system activity in Coconino County. The complexity of the criminal justice system and the decentralized nature of data sources make that goal unachievable without investing significant resources into identifying, collecting, maintaining, and analyzing crime and criminal justice data obtained from all criminal 6 justice system and partner agencies. Instead, this profile provides an overview of the crime and criminal justice trends in Coconino County from available data for the years 2002 to 2012. The data presented in this profile provides a foundation upon which criminal justice policymakers and practitioners can develop effective responses to the challenges of crime and criminal justice case processing in Coconino County. Criminal Justice Data Sources One of the primary goals of the ACJC’s SAC is to serve as a central point of contact for a variety of criminal and juvenile justice system data. Because the SAC does not generate criminal justice system data of their own, developing the content for a centralized data clearinghouse relies on obtaining data from other local, state, and federal agencies that collect, maintain, and share criminal justice system data. In creating this report, SAC staff relied on three primary sources of criminal justice data— the Arizona Department of Public Safety, the Administrative Office of the Courts, and the Arizona Department of Corrections (Table 1). Table 1: Data Sources Table 1: Data Sources Source Data Arizona Department of Public Safety Crime in Arizona Annual Reports Administrative Office of the Courts Annual Data Reports Arizona Department of Corrections Annual Releases 7 Population Data From 2002 to 2012, the population of Coconino County increased by 12.1 percent (Table 2). During this same time, the population for the state as a whole increased by 21.4 percent. All 15 of Arizona’s counties experienced population increases from 2002 to 2012, ranging from a 3.2 percent increase in the population of Gila County to a 96.6 percent increase in the population of Pinal County. Table 2: Coconino County and Arizona Population, 2002-2012 Table 2: Coconino County and Arizona Population, 2002-2012 Coconino County Population Year-to-Year % Change Arizona Population Arizona Population Year-to-Year % Change Year Coconino County 2002 121,308 2003 122,882 +1.3 5,510,364 +2.1 2004 125,117 +1.8 5,652,404 +2.6 2005 127,025 +1.5 5,839,077 +3.3 2006 128,695 +1.3 6,029,141 +3.3 2007 130,442 +1.4 6,167,681 +2.3 2008 131,853 +1.1 6,280,362 +1.8 2009 133,477 +1.2 6,343,154 +1.0 2010 134,651 +0.9 6,413,737 +1.1 2011 134,511 -0.1 6,482,505 +1.1 2012 136,011 % Change 2002 - 2012 Sources: +1.1 6,553,255 % Change 2002 - 2012 +1.1 5,396,255 +12.1 +21.4 http://www.census.gov/popest/intercensal/county/CO-EST00INT-01.html http://www.census.gov/popest/data/counties/totals/2011/CO-EST2011-01.html http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/04/04013.html Retrieved 7/26/2013 8 Law Enforcement Data The primary source for official property and violent offense and arrest information in Arizona is the Arizona Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) program. Initiated at the federal level more than 70 years ago, the UCR program, which is managed by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), is a nationwide effort by law enforcement agencies to voluntarily report offense and arrest data from their jurisdictions on a set of specific crimes. The purpose of the UCR program is to provide reliable information that describes the nature and extent of crime for administrative, operational, and management activities. The data that is collected through the UCR program, particularly data on those crimes that form the Part I violent and property crime indices, have become one of the most common and widely recognized social indicators of crime in the United States. The data used in this report to describe crime trends over time in Coconino County and the state as a whole comes from Crime in Arizona, which is the annual UCR program report published by the Arizona Department of Public Safety (DPS). It is important for users of official crime data to know that not all crimes are reported to a law enforcement agency, and subsequently, the state’s UCR program. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, 51.4 percent of violent crime and 60.6 percent of property crime nationally were not reported to the police in 2009. 1 In Arizona, data from the 2013 Arizona Victimization Survey found that 48.6 percent of violent crimes and 30.4 percent of property crimes experienced by residents of Arizona in 2013 were not reported to the police. 2 Some of the reasons given by residents of Arizona for why they did not report their victimizations to the police include: the resident dealt with the victimization in another way, the offense was too trivial to involve law enforcement, and there was nothing the criminal justice system could do about the victimization. 3 In the law enforcement data section of the report, 2002 to 2012 reported offense data from DPS’ uniform crime reporting program for Coconino County and Arizona is reviewed and discussed. Because Arizona is one of the fastest growing states in the nation, it is important to analyze both the number of crimes in a county and the crime rates for the county, which controls for changes in the county’s population. The number of crimes and the rate of crime (in this report, # of offenses / population X 100,000) provide complementary but, at times, very different perspectives on crime and criminal justice system activity. For example, the number of violent index offenses reported to the police in Arizona declined by 4.4 percent from 2000 to 2010, but when controlling for the increase in the population of Arizona, the crime rate declined by 23.2 percent Truman, Jennifer L. and Michael R. Rand. “Criminal Victimization, 2009.” October 2010. Web. March 29, 2011. 2 Stevenson, Phillip. 2013. “The 2013 Arizona Crime Victimization Survey.” Arizona Criminal Justice Commission. Phoenix, AZ. 3 Ibid. 1 9 during the same time. 4 Throughout this report, the crime rate for Coconino County is calculated by the following formula: the number of crimes / the population of the county during that year x 100,000. The value of reporting the number of crimes and crime rates over time is to assess change in crime within a jurisdiction, not to compare numbers and rates across jurisdictions. Each jurisdiction has unique crime and criminal justice system issues that make comparisons across jurisdictions much less valuable than an analysis of change over time in each jurisdiction. Because it is beyond the scope of this report and the resources available to provide an analysis of crime trends for every city and town in Arizona, the data profiles focus on county and statewide data that gives criminal justice system policymakers, practitioners, and the general public a reliable and objective description of crime and crime trends in Arizona and its 15 counties. Stevenson, Phillip. 2011. “Arizona Crime Trends: A System Review.” Arizona Criminal Justice Commission, Phoenix, AZ. 4 10 Part I Index Offense Counts and Rates The Uniform Crime Reporting Program Part I index offense rate is a commonly used indicator of crime in a jurisdiction. There are four violent index offenses (murder, rape, robbery, and aggravated assault) and four property index offenses (arson, burglary, larceny-theft, and motor vehicle theft) that are used to calculate Part I index offense rates. In this section of the Coconino County Criminal Justice System Data Profile, violent and property offense counts and rates for Coconino County and Arizona are presented and discussed. Violent Index Offense Counts The number of violent index offenses reported to Coconino County law enforcement agencies generally declined during much of the time period examined. From 2002 to 2009 the number of violent index offenses reported to the police in Coconino County decreased by 28.6 percent, even with a slight increase in the number of violent index offenses from 2004 to 2006. Despite increases in the number of violent index offenses reported to the police from 2004 to 2006 and from 2009 to 2011, during the entire time period examined the number of violent index offenses reported to police decreased by 36.4 percent (Figure 1). Figure 1: Reported Violent Index Offenses Coconino County, 2002-2012 Figure 1: Reported Violent Index Offenses Coconino County, 2002-2012 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 Coconino County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 703 625 615 618 668 537 446 401 502 557 447 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 11 Violent Index Offense Rates Throughout most of the time period examined, the Coconino County violent index offense rate decreased. Even with a single year increase in Coconino County’s violent index offense rate from 2005 to 2006, from 2002 to 2009 the violent index offense rate decreased by 48.2 percent. Even though Coconino County’s violent index offense rate increased again from 2009 to 2011, in 2012 the violent index offense rate for Coconino County was 43.3 percent lower than in 2002. During this same time period, Arizona’s violent index offense rate decreased by 28.4 percent. Figure 2: Reported Violent Index Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 2: Reported Violent Index Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Coconino 579.5 County 508.6 491.5 486.5 519.1 411.7 338.3 300.4 372.8 414.1 328.6 Arizona 511.7 505.3 503.9 511.4 480.1 457.8 411.4 371.4 374.4 395.3 551.9 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 12 Violent Index Offenses Although violent index offense counts and rates from the UCR program are useful measures of violent crime in a community, combining multiple offenses into a single index can mask significant variation in the types of violent crime being reported to law enforcement agencies. In this section of the Coconino County Criminal Justice Data Profile, the four offenses that comprise the violent index offenses (murder/nonnegligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault) and their respective trends over time are presented and discussed. Murder/Non-negligent Manslaughter As defined by the UCR program, murder and non-negligent manslaughter is “the willful (non-negligent) killing of one human being by another.” 5 From 2002 to 2012, the number of murders/non-negligent manslaughter varied from a high of seven murders in 2004 to a low of one murder in 2005 (Figure 3). Figure 3: Reported Murders/Non Negligent Manslaughter Coconino County, 2002-2012 Figure 3: Reported Murders/Non Negligent Manslaughter Coconino County, 2002-2012 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Coconino County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2 2 7 1 3 3 3 6 6 5 4 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 5 http://www2.fbi.gov/ucr/cius2009/offenses/violent_crime/murder_homicide.html 13 From 2002 to 2012, the Coconino County murder rate varied considerably from a low of 0.8 murders per 100,000 residents in the population in 2005 to a high of 5.6 per 100,000 in 2004 (Figure 4). Additionally, during the entire time period, the Coconino County murder rate was lower than the murder rate for the state as a whole. Because there are relatively few murders/non-negligent manslaughters in Coconino County, caution should be taken when comparing Coconino County rates for murder/nonnegligent manslaughter across calendar years. Figure 4: Reported Murder/Non Negligent Manslaughter Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 4: Reported Murder/Non Negligent Manslaughter Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Coconino County 1.6 1.6 5.6 0.8 2.3 2.3 2.3 4.5 4.5 3.7 2.9 Arizona 7.1 8.0 7.3 7.6 7.7 7.5 6.4 5.1 5.5 5.2 5.3 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 14 Forcible Rape As defined by the UCR program, forcible rape is “the carnal knowledge of a female forcibly and against her will.” 6 Attempts to commit rape by force or threat of force are also included. However, statutory rape (without force) and other sex offenses are excluded. Sexual assaults on males are not included and instead are classified as assaults or other sexual offenses. During most of the time period examined, the number of forcible rapes reported to Coconino County law enforcement agencies remained relatively stable (Figure 5). From 2002 to 2011 the number of rapes reported to Coconino County law enforcement agencies ranged from a low of 59 in 2009 and 2010 to a high of 75 in 2008. In 2012 the number of forcible rapes reported to the police in Coconino County decreased by 32.4 percent from 68 in 2011 to 46 in 2012. Figure 5: Reported Forcible Rapes Coconino County, 2002-2012 Figure 5: Reported Forcible Rapes Coconino County, 2002-2012 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Coconino County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 69 74 64 74 63 74 75 59 59 68 46 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 6 http://www2.fbi.gov/ucr/cius2009/offenses/violent_crime/forcible_rape.html 15 When controlling for change in the population over time, even though there was significant year-to-year change in the forcible rape rate in Coconino County, overall, from 2002 to 2012 it has generally declined (Figure 6). From 2002 to 2012, the Coconino County forcible rape rate decreased by 40.6 percent. Even with a general decline in the forcible rape rate for Coconino County, the county rate was higher than the rate for the state during the entire time period examined. Figure 6: Reported Forcible Rape Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 6: Reported Forcible Rape Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Coconino County 56.9 60.2 51.2 58.3 49.0 56.7 56.9 44.2 43.8 50.6 33.8 Arizona 29.4 33.1 33.0 33.5 31.7 29.1 26.3 25.8 24.3 25.5 26.3 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 16 Robbery The UCR program defines robbery as “the taking or attempting to take anything of value from the care, custody, or control of a person or persons by force or threat of force or violence and/or by putting the victim in fear.” 7 After a small decrease in the number of robberies reported to Coconino County law enforcement agencies from 2002 to 2003, from 2003 to 2006 the number of robberies in Coconino County nearly doubled from 56 robberies in 2003 to 106 in 2006 (Figure 7). From 2006 to 2009 there was a nearly equivalent decrease in the number of robberies in Coconino County, from 106 in 2006 to 57 in 2009. From 2010 to 2012 the number of robberies reported to law enforcement in Coconino County continued to decline and in 2012 the number of robberies reported to law enforcement agencies in Coconino County was 20.3 percent lower than the number of robberies reported in 2002. Figure 7: Reported Robberies Coconino County, 2002-2012 Figure 7: Reported Robberies Coconino County, 2002-2012 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Coconino County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 69 56 70 74 106 71 68 57 59 57 55 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 7 http://www2.fbi.gov/ucr/cius2009/offenses/violent_crime/robbery.html 17 Consistent with increases from 2003 to 2006 in the number of robberies reported to Coconino County law enforcement agencies, the Coconino robbery rate also increased by 80.7 percent during this same time (Figure 8). From 2006 to 2012, the Coconino County robbery rate decreased by more than half from 82.4 robberies per 100,000 in the population in 2006 to 40.4 robberies per 100,000 in 2012. During the entire time period examined, Arizona’s robbery offense rate remained higher than Coconino County’s robbery rate. Figure 8: Reported Robbery Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 8: Reported Robbery Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Coconino County 56.9 45.6 55.9 58.3 82.4 54.4 51.6 42.7 43.8 42.4 40.4 Arizona 146.8 136.7 135.1 144.8 151.0 153.9 153.6 126.5 106.6 108.1 110.7 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 18 In addition to offense and arrest data, the DPS’s Uniform Crime Reporting program also collects county level information on firearm use by offenders involved in robberies and aggravated assaults. Table 3 compares the number and percentage of robberies involving the use of a firearm in Arizona and Coconino County. From 2002 to 2012, the percentage of robberies in Coconino County that involved a firearm was consistently lower than the percentage of robberies statewide. The percentage of robberies that involved a firearm has generally declined over time. In 2002, 39.1 percent of robberies in Coconino County involved a firearm and in 2012, 27.3 percent of robberies reported to Coconino County law enforcement involved a firearm. Similarly, the percentage of robberies statewide that involved a firearm decreased from 47.3 percent of robberies in 2002 to 42.3 percent of robberies in 2012. Table 3: Robberies with a Firearm Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Table 3: Robberies with a Firearm Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Coconino County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Total Robberies 69 56 70 74 106 71 Robberies with a Firearm 27 24 17 22 21 23 Arizona Percent 39.1% 42.9% 24.3% 29.7% 19.8% 32.4% Total Robberies 7,920 7,535 7,638 8,455 9,106 9,493 68 17 25.0% 57 15 26.3% 59 12 20.3% 57 11 19.3% 55 15 27.3% Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime 19 Robberies with a Firearm 3,746 3,636 3,861 4,414 4,475 4,669 9,648 4,985 8,021 3,666 6,838 3,027 7,007 3,143 7,253 3,069 in Arizona, 2002-2012 Percent 47.3% 48.3% 50.5% 52.2% 49.1% 49.2% 51.7% 45.7% 44.3% 44.9% 42.3% Aggravated Assault According to the UCR program, an aggravated assault is an “unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purpose of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury.” 8 Aggravated assaults are often committed with a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily harm. Attempted aggravated assaults that involve the display or threat to use a weapon are also included in this offense category because serious personal injury would likely result if the assault were successfully completed. From 2002 to 2005, the number of aggravated assaults decreased 16.7 percent before increasing in 2006 (Figure 9). From 2006 to 2009, the number of reported aggravated assaults fell by another 43.8 percent. Even with an increase in the number of aggravated assaults from 2009 to 2011, the number of aggravated assaults reported to Coconino County law enforcement in 2012 was 39.3 percent lower than in 2002. Figure 9: Reported Aggravated Assaults Coconino County, 2002-2012 Figure 9: Reported Aggravated Assaults Coconino County, 2002-2012 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 Coconino County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 563 493 474 469 496 389 300 279 378 427 342 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 8 http://www2.fbi.gov/ucr/cius2009/offenses/violent_crime/aggravated_assault.html 20 When controlling for population and population change over time, the trends in the aggravated assault rate for Coconino County are similar to the trends in the number of aggravated assaults (Figure 10). From 2002 to 2012, the Coconino County’s reported aggravated assault rate decreased by 45.8 percent, even with increases from 2005 to 2006 and 2009 to 2011. During the same time, Arizona’s rate decreased by 31.4 percent. Coconino County’s rate of aggravated assault was higher than the state rate for much of the time period examined, with Coconino County’s rate falling below the state rate in 2008, 2009 and 2012. Figure 10: Reported Aggravated Assault Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 10: Reported Aggravated Assault Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Coconino 464.1 County 401.2 378.8 369.2 385.4 298.2 227.5 209.0 280.7 317.4 251.5 Arizona 333.9 329.8 318.1 321.0 289.5 271.4 254.0 235.0 235.6 253.0 368.6 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 21 From 2002 to 2012, firearms were used in a higher percentage of aggravated assaults in Arizona each year than in Coconino County (Table 4). During that time, the percentage of aggravated assaults involving a firearm in Coconino County ranged from a low of 6.4 percent in 2012 to a high of 20.3 in 2005 and 2008. Table 4: Aggravated Assaults with a Firearm Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Table 4: Aggravated Assaults with a Firearm Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Coconino County Aggravated Assaults with a Firearm 87 60 76 469 496 389 300 279 378 95 83 53 61 29 25 Arizona 15.5% 12.2% 16.0% Total Aggravated Assaults 19,892 18,398 18,643 Aggravated Assaults with a Firearm 4,704 4,951 4,934 20.3% 16.7% 13.6% 20.3% 10.4% 6.6% 18,573 19,356 17,858 17,047 16,110 15,074 5,332 5,470 4,922 4,853 3,840 3,422 28.7% 28.3% 27.6% 28.5% 23.8% 22.7% 427 39 9.1% 15,272 3,631 342 22 6.4% 16,579 3,945 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 23.1% 23.8% 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Total Aggravated Assaults 563 493 474 Percent 22 Percent 23.6% 26.9% 26.5% Property Index Offense Counts Property index offenses capture crimes where the object of the offense is the taking of money or property, but without force or the threat of force. Arson is included in this category because it is primarily the destruction of property, even though the offense can include the harming of individuals. The number of property index offenses reported to law enforcement agencies in Coconino County decreased by 37.5 percent, from 6,775 property offenses in 2002 to 4,236 property offenses in 2012 (Figure 11). The decrease in the number of property offenses reported to Coconino County law enforcement was generally consistent with the exception of small increases from 2004 to 2005 and 2009 to 2011. Figure 11: Reported Property Index Offenses Coconino County, 2002-2012 Figure 11: Reported Property Index Offenses Coconino County, 2002-2012 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 - 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Coconino 6,775 County 6,529 5,906 6,030 5,623 4,941 4,662 4,143 4,391 4,595 4,236 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 23 Property Index Offense Rates When controlling for any changes in the population of Coconino over time, the county’s property index offense rates decreased by 44.2 percent from 2002 to 2012 (Figure 12). With the exception of 2005, Coconino County’s property index offense rate was lower than the rate for the state during the time period examined. Figure 12: Reported Property Index Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 12: Reported Property Index Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Coconino 5,585.0 5,313.2 4,720.4 4,747.1 4,369.2 3,787.9 3,535.8 3,103.9 3,261.0 3,416.1 3,114.5 County Arizona 5,826.2 5,639.9 5,365.1 4,781.9 4,672.1 4,492.0 4,173.8 3,651.7 3,530.4 3,511.1 3,433.3 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 24 Property Crime Index Offenses Like violent index offense counts and rates, property index offense counts and rates provide criminal justice policymakers and practitioners with objective data on specific property crimes. Like the violent offense index, combining multiple property offenses into a single index can mask variation in the types of property crimes being reported to Coconino County law enforcement agencies. In this section of the Coconino County Criminal Justice Data Profile, the four offenses that comprise the property index offenses (burglary, larceny/theft, motor vehicle theft, and arson) and their respective trends over time are presented and discussed. Burglary The UCR program defines burglary “as the unlawful entry of a structure to commit a felony or theft.” Within this offense category there are three types of burglaries that are a function of how the offender entered or attempted to enter the structure: forcible entry, unlawful entry where no force is used, and attempted forcible entry. 9 The number of burglaries reported to Coconino County law enforcement agencies declined significantly from 2002 to 2012 (Figure 13). Even with small increases in the number of burglaries from 2004 to 2005 and 2010 to 2012, the number of reported burglaries fell 50.6 percent, from 1,085 in 2002 to 536 in 2012. Figure 13: Reported Burglaries Coconino County, 2002-2012 Figure 13: Reported Burglaries Coconino County, 2002-2012 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Coconino 1,085 County 1,024 845 873 758 688 651 538 506 517 536 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 9 http://www2.fbi.gov/ucr/cius2009/offenses/property_crime/burglary.html 25 When controlling for population change over time, the reduction in the burglary rate from 2002 to 2012 is even greater than the reduction in the number of burglaries during this same time. From 2002 to 2012, the Coconino County burglary rate decreased by 55.9 percent from 894.4 burglaries per 100,000 residents in 2002 to 394.1 burglaries per 100,000 in 2012 (Figure 14). During the entire time period examined, the Coconino County burglary rate was lower than the rate for the state as a whole. Figure 14: Reported Burglary Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 14: Reported Burglary Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 Coconino County Arizona 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 894.4 833.3 675.4 687.3 589.0 527.4 493.7 403.1 375.8 384.4 394.1 986.2 919.9 913.8 905.3 890.9 815.7 751.0 804.6 768.5 1,073.4 1,042.6 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 26 Larceny-Theft Larceny-theft is “the unlawful taking, carrying, leading, or riding away of property from the possession or constructive possession of another.” 10 The types of thefts that are captured in this category include thefts of bicycles, motor vehicle parts and accessories, shoplifting, and pocket-picking. Although attempted larcenies and thefts are included in this offense category, property taken by force and violence or fraud is not. Motor vehicle theft is also not included in this category as it is its own property index offense. During the period from 2002 to 2012, the number of larceny-thefts reported to law enforcement in Coconino County generally declined (Figure 15). Overall, the Coconino County larceny/theft rate decreased by 33.0 percent, from 5,273 reported larcenythefts in 2002 to 3,533 reported larceny/thefts in 2012. Similar to the trend in burglaries in Coconino County, the large decline in the number of larceny/thefts from 2002 to 2012 occurred even though there were small increases in the number of larceny/thefts from 2004 to 2005 and 2009 to 2011. Figure 15: Reported Larceny/Thefts Coconino County, 2002-2012 Figure 15: Reported Larceny/Thefts Coconino County, 2002-2012 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Coconino 5,273 County 5,177 4,652 4,809 4,538 3,987 3,837 3,451 3,749 3,903 3,533 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 10 http://www2.fbi.gov/ucr/cius2009/offenses/property_crime/larceny-theft.html 27 Similar to the data on the number of larceny/thefts reported to law enforcement agencies in Coconino County, throughout the period examined, the rate of reported larceny/theft in Coconino County generally declined (Figure 16). From 2002 to 2012, the Coconino County rate declined 40.2 percent. Arizona’s rate declined during the same period by 35.2 percent. Throughout the period examined, the reported larceny/theft rate in Coconino County was higher than the rate for the state. Figure 16: Reported Larceny-Theft Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 16: Reported Larceny-Theft Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 5,000 4,500 4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Coconino 4,346.8 4,213.0 3,718.1 3,785.9 3,526.2 3,056.5 2,910.1 2,585.5 2,784.2 2,901.6 2,597.6 County Arizona 3,666.1 3,548.6 3,387.5 2,920.2 2,835.0 2,791.8 2,665.2 2,413.2 2,443.6 2,401.0 2,376.2 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 28 Motor Vehicle Theft Motor vehicle theft is defined in the Uniform Crime Reporting program as “the theft or attempted theft of a motor vehicle.” 11 The types of motor vehicles that are included in this category are only those that operate on land including sport utility vehicles, automobiles, trucks, buses, motorcycles, motor scooters, all-terrain vehicles, and snowmobiles. Not captured in this category are bulldozers, airplanes, farm equipment, construction equipment, or watercraft such as motorboats, sailboats, houseboats, or jet skis. From 2002 to 2012, the number of motor vehicle thefts reported to Coconino County law enforcement agencies decreased by 69.0 percent (Figure 17). This decline occurred even though there were increases from the previous year in the number of motor vehicle thefts reported to Coconino County law enforcement in 2003, 2009, and 2011. Figure 17: Reported Motor Vehicle Thefts Coconino County, 2002-2012 Figure 17: Reported Motor Vehicle Thefts Coconino County, 2002-2012 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Coconino County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 371 292 323 272 243 169 120 123 103 115 115 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 11 http://www2.fbi.gov/ucr/cius2009/offenses/property_crime/motor_vehicle_theft.html 29 Because of changes in the population of Coconino County over time, the decrease in the rate of motor vehicle thefts in Coconino County was larger than the decrease in the number of motor vehicle thefts in Coconino County (Figure 18). From 2002 to 2012, the Coconino County motor vehicle theft rate declined by 72.4 percent, from 305.8 thefts per 100,000 residents in 2002 to 84.6 per 100,000 in 2012. During the entire time period examined, the motor vehicle theft rate in Coconino County was lower than the rate for the state as a whole. Figure 18: Reported Motor Vehicle Theft Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 18: Reported Motor Vehicle Theft Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 Coconino County Arizona 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 305.8 237.6 258.2 214.1 188.8 129.6 91.0 92.2 76.5 85.5 84.6 1,054.0 1,020.3 964.5 912.7 892.1 766.1 587.9 395.1 315.7 286.0 267.5 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 30 Arson Arson is defined by the Uniform Crime Reporting Program as, “any willful or malicious burning or attempting to burn, with or without intent to defraud, a dwelling house, public building, motor vehicle or aircraft, personal property of another, etc.” 12 From 2002 to 2012, there was significant year-to-year variation in the number of arsons reported to law enforcement agencies in Coconino County (Figure 19). Even though the number of arsons reported to Coconino County law enforcement increased by only 8.7 percent from 46 arsons in 2002 to 52 in 2012, during the time period examined, the number of reported arsons in Coconino County ranged from a high of 97 in 2007 to a low of 31 in 2009. Figure 19: Reported Arsons Coconino County, 2002-2012 Figure 19: Reported Arsons Coconino County, 2002-2012 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Coconino County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 46 36 86 76 84 97 54 31 33 60 52 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 12 http://www2.fbi.gov/ucr/cius2009/offenses/property_crime/arson.html 31 From 2002 to 2012, the Coconino County arson rate experienced significant year-toyear variation (Figure 20). Even though the Coconino arson rate increased only 0.8 percent from 2002 to 2012, during the time period it varied more significantly from a low of 23.2 arsons per 100,000 residents in 2009 to a high of 74.4 per 100,000 in 2007. Except for in 2009, the arson rate for Coconino County was higher than the rate for the state as a whole. Figure 20: Reported Arson Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 20: Reported Arson Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 80 Rate per 100,000 Residents 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Coconino County 37.9 29.3 68.7 59.8 65.3 74.4 41.0 23.2 24.5 44.6 38.2 Arizona 32.7 28.4 27.0 29.2 31.2 28.8 29.8 27.8 20.0 19.5 21.1 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-20 Summary In states like Arizona, whose population continues to grow at a rapid pace, it is imperative that an analysis of crime and the criminal justice systems response include a consideration of both the frequency of crime and the rate of crime. Although the population of Coconino County is growing more slowly than the population of the state as a whole, there is still significant value in investigating change at the county level in the frequency of crime and the change in the rate of crime. From 2002 to 2012, the number of violent crimes reported to Coconino County law enforcement agencies decreased by 36.4 percent (Figure 21). The number of forcible rapes decreased by 33.3 percent, robberies decreased by 20.3 percent, and aggravated assaults decreased by 39.3 percent. In contrast, there were twice the number of murders (four) in 2012 than there were in 2002 (two). Because murder in Coconino County and statewide is a relatively rare event, the large percentage increase in murders in Coconino County has little impact on the percentage change in Coconino County’s overall violent crime index. Similar to Coconino County, Arizona also 32 experienced decreases in aggravated assault, robbery, and the total violent crime index from 2002 to 2012. In contrast to Coconino County, Arizona experienced an increase in forcible rape and a decrease in murders from 2002 to 2012. Like the violent crime data for Coconino County, the number of property index offenses reported to the Coconino County law enforcement agencies also decreased. Coconino County’s property index offenses decreased by 37.5 percent from 2002 to 2012. Although the number of arsons reported to local law enforcement in Coconino County increased by 13.0 percent, the number of burglaries, larceny/thefts, and motor vehicle thefts all decreased from 2002 to 2012. In contrast, Arizona’s property crime index and all of its component crimes decreased from 2002 to 2012. Figure 21: Percent Change in Index Offense Counts Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 21: Percent Change in Index Offense Counts Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 120% 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% -20% Violent Crime Murder Forcible Rape Robbery Aggravated Property Assault Crime Burglary Larceny Theft -40% -60% -80% Coconino County Arizona Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 33 Motor Vehicle Theft Arson The violent crime offense index rate in Coconino County declined by 43.3 percent from 2002 to 2012 (Figure 22). Each of the violent crime types included in the index declined except murder which increased by 78.4 percent from 2002 to 2012. Caution should be taken when interpreting the increase in the murder rate because, as mentioned above, the increase over time in murder in Coconino County is a function of a small increase in an already small number of incidents. Each of the property crime index offense rates declined from 2002 to 2012 with the exception of arson in Coconino County which increased by 0.8 percent (Figure 22). The largest percentage decrease in reported property crime occurred in motor vehicle theft in both Coconino County and Arizona. From 2002 to 2012, Coconino’s motor vehicle theft rate declined by 72.4 percent and Arizona’s rate declined by 74.6 percent. Figure 22: Percent Change in Index Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 22: Percent Change in Index Offense Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% -20% Violent Crime Murder Forcible Rape Robbery Aggravated Property Assault Crime Burglary Larceny Theft -40% -60% -80% -100% Coconino County Arizona Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 34 Motor Vehicle Theft Arson Part II Arrest Counts and Rates In addition to data on the eight Part I index offenses that comprise the violent and property indices; DPS also collects information from local law enforcement agencies on arrests for Part II offenses. Part II offenses are typically less serious and occur less frequently than Part I offenses and include a range of offenses from simple assault to illegal gambling (see appendix A for a complete list of Part II offenses). In this section of the Coconino County Criminal Justice Data Profile, Part II offense arrests from 2002 to 2012 are summarized. Offenses for which there were less than 10 arrests during the entire period examined (e.g., manslaughter by negligence, embezzlement, prostitution, gambling, vagrancy, curfew, loitering) were not included in this report. After a 20.1 percent increase from 2002 to 2004 in the number of arrests for Part II offenses in Coconino County, from 2004 to 2009 the number of arrests for Part II offenses generally decreased (Figure 23). From 2004 to 2009 the number of Part II offense arrests declined by 24.6 percent in spite of small increases from 2005 to 2006 and 2007 to 2008. From 2009 to 2012 the number of arrests increased by 29.8 percent. Overall, from 2002 to 2012 the number of arrests for Part II offenses in Coconino County increased by 17.5 percent. Figure 23: Part II Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 Figure 23: Part II Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 14,000 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Coconino 10,131 11,167 12,170 10,918 11,438 10,197 10,351 County 2009 2010 9,171 9,604 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 35 2011 2012 10,036 11,900 When controlling for population change over time, from 2002 to 2004 there was a 16.5 percent increase in the Part II offense arrest rate (Figure 24). From 2004 to 2009, the rate declined by 29.4 percent, but increased again from 2009 to 2012 by 27.3 percent. Overall, from 2002 to 2012 the Part II offense arrest rate increased by 4.8 percent Coconino County’s Part II offense arrest rate was higher than the rate for the state as whole during the entire time period examined. Figure 24: Part II Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Crime Rate per 100,000 Residents Figure 24: Part II Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Coconino 8,351.5 9,087.6 9,726.9 8,595.2 8,887.7 7,817.3 7,850.4 6,870.8 7,132.5 7,461.1 8,749.3 County Arizona 4,740.3 4,766.0 4,751.4 4,455.8 4,475.0 4,566.6 4,547.0 4,519.4 4,042.8 3,771.5 4,267.8 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 36 Simple Assaults From 2002 to 2006, the number of arrests for simple assault in Coconino County law enforcement agencies rose by 20.8 percent (Figure 25). From 2006 to 2010, the number of arrests for simple assault decreased by 17.2 percent. From 2010 to 2012, the number of arrests for simple assault increased by 40.0 percent from 876 arrests in 2010 to 1,226 arrests in 2012. Overall, from 2002 to 2012 the number of arrests for simple assault in Coconino County increased by 40.0 percent. Figure 25: Simple Assault Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 Figure 25: Simple Assault Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 1,400 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 Coconino County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 876 946 960 1,005 1,058 988 859 954 876 933 1,226 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 37 There are three distinct trends in the Coconino County simple assault arrest rate. From 2002 to 2006, the simple assault arrest rate increased 13.8 percent, from 722.1 per 100,000 residents in Coconino County in 2002 to 822.1 per 100,000 in 2006 (Figure 26). From 2006 to 2010, the Coconino County simple assault arrest rate decreased by 20.9 percent, after which the simple assault arrest rate increased by 38.5 percent to a time period high of 901.4 simple assault arrests per 100,000. Throughout the time period examined, Coconino County’s arrest rate for simple assault was higher than Arizona’s rate. Figure 26: Simple Assaults Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 26: Simple Assaults Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 1,000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Coconino 722.1 County 769.8 767.3 791.2 822.1 757.4 651.5 714.7 650.6 693.6 901.4 Arizona 430.9 418.1 409.6 418.0 408.4 413.3 438.0 406.0 384.8 384.7 449.1 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 38 Forgery and Counterfeiting Coconino County experienced two distinct trends in the number of arrests for forgery and counterfeiting, increases in the number of arrests for forgery and counterfeiting from 2002 to 2005 and decreases from 2005 to 2012 (Figure 27). From 2002 to 2005 the number of forgery and counterfeiting arrests in Coconino County more than doubled from 26 arrests in 2002 to 54 arrests in 2005. From 2005 to 2012 the number of forgery and counterfeiting arrests decreased by 66.7 percent to a time period low of 18 arrests. Figure 27: Forgery and Counterfeiting Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 Figure 27: Forgery and Counterfeiting Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Coconino County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 26 34 48 54 52 43 42 31 20 22 18 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 39 From 2002 to 2005, the forgery and counterfeiting arrest rate in Coconino County rose by 98.3 percent to a time period high of 42.5 forgery and counterfeiting arrests per 100,000 residents of the county (Figure 28). From 2005 to 2012, Coconino County’s rate fell by 68.9 percent to a time period low of 13.2 arrests per 100,000. During the entire time period examined, the Coconino County forgery and counterfeiting arrest rate was lower than the rate for the state as a whole. Figure 28: Forgery and Counterfeiting Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 28: Forgery and Counterfeiting Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Coconino County 21.4 27.7 38.4 42.5 40.4 33.0 31.9 23.2 14.9 16.4 13.2 Arizona 54.5 51.6 55.6 48.1 52.1 72.5 51.3 38.3 30.8 28.6 25.6 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 40 Fraud Even with a large single year increase in the number of arrests for fraud from 2002 to 2003 in Coconino County, the number of arrests for fraud in Coconino declined by 21.7 percent from 2002 to 2012 (Figure 29). After increasing by 91.3 percent from 2002 to 2003, from 2003 to 2009 the number of fraud arrests fell by 86.4 percent. From 2009 to 2012, the number of fraud arrests increased three-fold from 6 arrests in 2009 to 18 arrests in 2012. Figure 29: Fraud Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 Figure 29: Fraud Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Coconino County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 23 44 26 19 26 15 13 6 7 13 18 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 41 After a 88.4 percent increase in the Coconino County fraud arrest rate from 2002 to 2003, the Coconino County fraud arrest rate declined by 87.4 percent from 2003 to 2009 (Figure 30). From 2009 to 2012, the fraud arrest nearly tripled from 4.5 arrests per 100,000 residents to 13.2 arrests per 100,000. Even with the large increases and decreases in the Coconino County fraud arrests rate during the time period examined, during this time, the Coconino fraud arrest rate remained below the Arizona rate. Figure 30: Fraud Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 30: Fraud Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Coconino County 19.0 35.8 20.8 15.0 20.2 11.5 9.9 4.5 5.2 9.7 13.2 Arizona 38.6 40.9 41.1 34.7 34.7 33.0 37.7 35.6 33.0 33.7 35.9 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 42 Embezzlement From 2002 to 2012, there was an increasing trend in the number of arrests for embezzlement arrests in Coconino County (Figure 31). During the time period examined, the number of embezzlement arrests made by Coconino County law enforcement agencies range from a low of zero arrests in 2002 to a high of nine arrests in 2011. Figure 31: Embezzlement Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 Figure 31: Embezzlement Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Coconino County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 0 2 2 6 2 6 3 3 4 9 6 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 43 Even though the Coconino County embezzlement arrest rate was lower than the rate for the state as whole throughout most of the time period examined, the general increasing trend in the Coconino County embezzlement arrest rate led the county rate to exceed the state rate in 2011 and 2012 (Figure 32). The increasing trend in Coconino County’s embezzlement arrest rate is in contrast to the state rate that decreased consistently from 2007 to 2011. Figure 32: Embezzlement Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 32: Embezzlement Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Coconino County 0.0 1.6 1.6 4.7 1.6 4.6 2.3 2.2 3.0 6.7 4.4 Arizona 4.2 4.9 4.4 4.9 4.9 6.4 5.1 4.1 3.4 3.1 3.4 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 44 Stolen Property The number of stolen property arrests in Coconino County ranged from a low of two in 2003 to a high of 11 in 2007 (Figure 33). After general increases in the number of arrests for stolen property from 2002 to 2007, the number of arrest has somewhat declined. Figure 33: Stolen Property Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 Figure 33: Stolen Property Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Coconino County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 6 2 5 4 8 11 7 10 5 5 8 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 45 Coconino County’s arrest rate for possession of stolen property ranged from a low of 1.6 arrests per 100,000 residents in 2003 to a high of 8.4 arrests in 2007 (Figure 34). Even with a 35.6 percent decrease in the stolen property arrest rate from 2002 to 2012 for the state as a whole, the Coconino county rate remained considerably lower than the state rate during the entire time period. Figure 34: Stolen Property Arrest Rates Coconino County, 2002-2012 Figure 34: Stolen Property Arrest Rates Coconino County, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Coconino County 4.9 1.6 4.0 3.1 6.2 8.4 5.3 7.5 3.7 3.7 5.9 Arizona 30.9 29.5 26.1 28.2 24.0 21.3 20.5 19.5 18.4 19.5 19.9 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 46 Vandalism From 2002 to 2012, the number of arrests for vandalism in Coconino County generally increased (Figure 35). During this time, the number of vandalism arrests in Coconino County increased 63.6 percent, from 330 in 2002 to 540 in 2012. Figure 35: Vandalism Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 Figure 35: Vandalism Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 Coconino County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 330 298 427 391 415 420 337 373 459 429 540 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 47 Even with four year-to-year decreases in the Coconino County vandalism arrest rate, from 2002 to 2012 there was a 45.9 percent increase in the county’s rate (Figure 36). Throughout the time period examined, the Coconino County vandalism arrest rate was higher than the arrest rate for the state as a whole. Figure 36: Vandalism Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 36: Vandalism Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Coconino 272.0 County 242.5 341.3 307.8 322.5 322.0 255.6 279.4 340.9 318.9 397.0 Arizona 174.5 177.5 178.7 187.1 190.4 186.8 195.9 180.5 176.2 170.5 172.7 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 48 Weapons From 2002 to 2005, the number of weapons arrests in Coconino County more than doubled from 49 arrests in 2002 to 110 arrests in 2005 (Figure 37). From 2006 to 2012, the number of weapons arrests decreased by 74.5 percent from 110 arrests in 2005 to 28 arrests in 2012, which was the lowest number of arrests during the entire time period examined. Figure 37: Weapons Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 Figure 37: Weapons Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Coconino County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 49 68 92 110 66 57 66 49 68 39 28 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 49 The arrest rate for weapons offenses in Coconino County declined by 49.0 percent from 2002 to 2012 (Figure 38). The overall decrease occurred even though the Coconino County weapons arrest rate more than doubled from 2002 to 2005. In 2012, the Coconino County weapons arrest rate was at its lowest point during the time period examined. Coconino County’s weapons arrest rate was lower than Arizona’s rate for all but three years from 2002 to 2012. Figure 38: Weapons Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 38: Weapons Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Coconino County 40.4 55.3 73.5 86.6 51.3 43.7 50.1 36.7 50.5 29.0 20.6 Arizona 56.0 57.8 59.7 58.0 61.9 60.6 58.7 50.7 43.5 38.0 35.8 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 50 Sex Offenses After a 39.6 percent decrease in the number of sex offense arrests in Coconino County from 2002 to 2004, the number of sex offense arrests have generally increased (Figure 39). From 2004 to 2008, the number of sex offense arrests in Coconino County more than doubled from 81 arrests in 2004 to 178 arrests in 2010. Since 2010 the number of arrests have decreased, but in 2012, the number of arrests for a sex offense in Coconino County is still 11.9 percent higher than in 2002. Figure 39: Sex Offense Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 Figure 39: Sex Offense Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Coconino County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 134 114 81 82 99 125 167 159 178 151 150 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 51 Even though there was an increase from 2002 to 2012 in the number of sex offense arrests made by Coconino County law enforcement agencies, because of increases in the population of Coconino County during that same time the sex offense arrest rate in 2012 was nearly equivalent of the arrest rate in 2002 (Figure 40). After decreasing by 41.1 percent from 2002 to 2004, the sex offense arrest rate doubled from 2004 to 2010. From 2010 to 2012, the sex offense rate has decreased, but as mentioned above, the 2012 rate was nearly equivalent to the 2002 rate. During the entire time period examined, the Coconino County sex offense rate was higher than the Arizona rate. Figure 40: Sex Offense Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 40: Sex Offense Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Coconino 110.5 County 92.8 64.7 64.6 76.9 95.8 126.7 119.1 132.2 112.3 110.3 Arizona 33.0 33.8 30.5 25.3 28.0 28.4 30.3 26.2 26.9 28.3 34.8 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 52 Sale or Manufacturing of Drugs The number of arrests made by Coconino County law enforcement agencies for the sale or manufacturing of drugs declined by 30.5 percent from 2002 to 2012 (Figure 41). From 2002 to 2004, the number rose by 69.5 percent. From 2004 to 2012 the number of arrests has decreased by 59.0 percent, even with single year increases in the number of arrests from 2007 to 2008 and from 2009 to 2010. Figure 41: Sale or Manufacturing of Drugs Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 Figure 41: Sale or Manufacturing of Drugs Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Coconino County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 95 111 161 117 105 96 113 65 97 69 66 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 53 Coconino County’s drug sale or manufacture arrest rate declined by 38.0 percent from 2002 to 2012 (Figure 42). During this period, the arrest rate ranged from a low of 48.5 arrests per 100,000 persons in the population in 2012, to a high of 128.7 arrests per 100,000 in 2004. Similar to the decrease in the drug sale or manufacturing arrest rate in Coconino County, the Arizona rate fell by 38.7 percent during the same period. Figure 42: Drug Sale or Manufacturing Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents Figure 42: Drug Sale or Manufacturing Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Coconino County 78.3 90.3 128.7 92.1 81.6 73.6 85.7 48.7 72.0 51.3 48.5 Arizona 93.9 100.2 86.3 69.4 76.4 81.3 70.1 70.6 65.0 66.9 57.6 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 54 Possession of Drugs From 2002 to 2005, the number of arrests for drug possession in Coconino County increased by 28.5 percent (Figure 43). From 2005 to 2011, the number of drug possession arrests made by Coconino County law enforcement agencies for drug possession remained relatively stable, ranging from a low of 909 arrests in 2008 to a high of 1079 arrests in 2005. From 2011 to 2012, the number of drug possession arrests decreased 12.7 percent to the lowest number of drug possession arrests in Coconino County since 2003. Figure 43: Drug Possession Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 Figure 43: Drug Possession Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 Coconino County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 840 863 970 1,079 973 946 909 936 996 1,000 873 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 55 After increasing 22.7 percent from 2002 to 2005, the drug possession arrest rate for Coconino County decreased by 24.4 percent from 2005 to 2012 (Figure 44). During the same time, Arizona’s drug possession arrest rate increased by 20.1 percent from 2002 to 2004, before declining 30.7 percent from 2004 to 2012. From 2002 to 2012, each year Coconino County’s drug possession arrest rate was higher than the rate for the state. Figure 44: Drug Possession Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 44: Drug Possession Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Coconino 692.5 County 702.3 775.3 849.4 756.1 725.2 689.4 701.2 739.7 743.4 641.9 Arizona 505.7 553.6 552.3 519.0 503.2 478.1 489.9 433.2 419.8 383.9 461.1 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 56 Offenses against Family/Children The number of arrests for offenses against family or children made by Coconino County law enforcement agencies remained relatively stable from 2002 to 2009 before increasing significant from 2009 to 2012 (Figure 45). From 2009 to 2012, the number of arrests for an offense against family or children increased more than five-fold rom 111 arrests in 2009 to 660 arrests in 2012. Figure 45: Offenses Against Family/Children Arrests Coconino County, 2002-20122012 Figure 45: Offenses Against Family/Children Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 Coconino County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 102 121 128 133 129 138 87 111 176 257 660 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 57 From 2002 to 2007, the arrest rate for offenses against family or children in Coconino County increased by 25.8 percent from 84.1 arrests per 100,000 residents in 2002 to 105.8 arrests per 100,000 in 2007 (Figure 46). After dropping from 105.8 arrests for offenses against family or children in 2007 to 66.0 per 100,000 in 2008, the arrest rate increased more than seven-fold to 485.3 arrests per 100,000 in 2012. Throughout the time period examined, Coconino County’s offenses against family or children arrest rate was higher than Arizona’s rate. Figure 46: Offenses Against Family/Children Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 46: Offenses Against Family/Children Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Coconino County 84.1 98.5 102.3 104.7 100.2 105.8 66.0 83.2 130.7 191.1 485.3 Arizona 53.4 60.8 58.0 63.5 56.6 57.5 50.2 47.9 41.9 43.0 48.2 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 58 Driving Under the Influence (DUI) From 2002 to 2006 the number of DUI arrests made by Coconino County law enforcement agencies increased by 21.9 percent from 1,093 DUI arrests in 2002 to 1,332 arrests in 2006 (Figure 47). From 2006 to 2009 the number of DUI arrests in Coconino County decreased by 30.6 percent before increasing again by 31.7 percent to 1,218 arrests in 2012. Figure 47: DUI Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 Figure 47: DUI Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 1,400 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Coconino 1,093 County 1,152 1,247 1,249 1,332 1,182 983 925 1,019 999 1,218 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 59 From 2002 to 2006, Coconino County’s DUI arrest rate increased by 14.9 percent, from 901.0 DUI arrests per 100,000 residents in 2002 to 1,035.0 arrests per 100,000 in 2006 (Figure 48). From 2006 to 2009 the county’s DUI arrest rate decreased by 33.0 percent form 1,035.0 per 100,000 in 2006 to 693.0 arrests per 100,000 in 2009. From 2009 to 2012, the county’s DUI arrest rate increased again from 693.0 per 100,000 in 2009 to 895.5 per 100,000 in 2012. Even though there were more DUI arrests in Coconino County in 2012 than there were in 2002, because of increases in the population of the county, the DUI arrest rate in 2012 was 0.6 percent lower than in 2002. Throughout the time period examined, the Coconino County DUI arrest rate in was higher than the DUI arrest rate for the state. Figure 48: DUI Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 48: DUI Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Coconino 901.0 County 937.5 996.7 983.3 1,035.0 906.1 745.5 693.0 756.8 742.7 895.5 Arizona 717.5 679.3 605.8 636.8 627.8 592.2 553.9 503.4 773.7 2006 595.1 637.3 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 60 Liquor Law Violations Although there were small year-to-year decreases in the number of liquor law violation arrests in Coconino County from 2002 to 2012, the number of arrests for liquor law violations in Coconino County has generally increased (Figure 49). During the time period examined, the number of liquor law violation arrests increased by 76.8 percent from 1,212 arrests in 2002 to 2,143 arrests in 2012. Figure 49: Liquor Law Violation Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 Figure 49: Liquor Law Violation Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Coconino 1,212 County 1,328 1,259 1,248 1,481 1,328 1,754 1,720 1,716 2,003 2,143 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 61 Similar to the trends in the number of liquor law violation arrests in Coconino County, the liquor law violation arrest rate generally increased (Figure 50). From 2002 to 2007, the Coconino County liquor law violation arrest rate remained relatively stable. From 2007 to 2012, the Coconino County liquor law violation arrest rate increased by 54.8 percent from 1,018.1 per 100,000 residents in 2007 to 1,575.6 arrests per 100,000 in 2012. During the entire time period, the Coconino County liquor law violation arrest rate was significantly higher than the rate for the state as a whole. Figure 50: Liquor Law Violations Arrests Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 50: Liquor Law Violations Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 1,800 1,600 1,400 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 2002 Coconino County 999.1 Arizona 469.8 2003 2004 1,080.7 1,006.3 460.0 430.5 2005 982.5 384.5 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 1,150.8 1,018.1 1,330.3 1,288.6 1,274.4 1,489.1 1,575.6 418.4 455.6 483.2 481.9 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 62 397.5 345.7 313.7 Disorderly Conduct Even though there was considerable variation in the number of disorderly conduct arrests made by Coconino County law enforcement agencies during the time period examined, the number of disorderly conduct arrests in 2012 was nearly equivalent to the number of arrests made in 2002 (Figure 51). From 2002 to 2012, the number of disorderly conduct arrests ranged from a low of 1,189 in 2010 to 1,672 in 2006. Figure 51: Disorderly Conduct Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 Figure 51: Disorderly Conduct Arrests Coconino County, 2002-2012 1,800 1,600 1,400 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Coconino 1,567 County 1,444 1,424 1,549 1,672 1,310 1,338 1,231 1,189 1,224 1,562 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 63 Even though the number of disorderly conduct arrests in Coconino County’s in 2012 was nearly equivalent to the number of arrests made in 2002, in 2012 the disorderly conduct arrest rate was 11.1 percent lower than in 2002 (Figure 52). Throughout the time period examined, Coconino County’s disorderly conduct arrest rate was considerable higher than Arizona’s rate. Figure 52: Disorderly Conduct Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 52: Disorderly Conduct Arrest Rates Coconino County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 1,400 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 2009 2010 2011 2012 Coconino 1,291.8 1,175.1 1,138.1 1,219.4 1,299.2 1,004.3 1,014.8 County 2002 922.3 883.0 910.0 1,148.4 Arizona 302.4 279.0 272.7 249.8 319.6 2003 315.8 2004 308.6 2005 291.2 2006 294.0 2007 283.4 2008 293.0 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 64 Court and Probation Data The judicial system in Arizona is large and complex. It consists of a series of courts, which include appellate courts, superior courts, justice courts, and municipal courts and an array of support services that assist the court in the processing of cases. In this section of the Coconino County Criminal Justice Data Profile, data from the county’s superior court, justice court, and municipal courts for the years 2002 through 2012 are summarized. Superior Court The number of cases filed in Coconino County Superior Court varied significantly from 2002 to 2012 (Table 5). Even though the number of cases filed in Coconino County Superior Court in 2012 was 4.9 percent higher than in 2002, the number of cases filed in 2012 was 4.5 percent lower than in 2007. During the same time, the number of cases filed in Arizona increased consistently from 2002 to 2009 and then declined in each year until 2012. Statewide, there was a 16.3 percent increase from 2002 to 2012 in the number of cases filed in Arizona’s Superior Courts. Table 5: Total Filings in Superior Court, FY2002-FY2012 Table 5: Total Filings In Superior Court, FY2002 – FY2012 Coconino County Arizona 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 % Change 07-12 % Change 02-12 3,415 3,360 3,851 3,591 3,895 3,750 3,453 3,836 3,720 3,506 3,581 -4.5% +4.9% 0.0% +16.3% 181,680 192,129 204,681 205,516 208,847 211,380 223,676 243,867 243,179 235,386 211,350 The number of felony case filings in Coconino County Superior Court declined by 6.3 percent from 2002 to 2012 (Table). Even though there were only 6.3 percent fewer felony cases filed in Coconino County in 2012 compared to 2002, the number of felony cases filed in 2012 was 10.8 percent lower than in 2007 and 26.8 percent lower than the time period high achieved in 2004. From 2002 to 2012, the number of felony case filings in superior courts statewide increased 11.3 percent, even with a 12.3 percent decline in the number of felony cases filed from 2007 to 2012. Table 6: Total Felony Filings in Superior Court, FY2002-FY2012 Table 6: Total Felony Filings in Superior Court, FY2002 – FY2012 Coconino County Arizona 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 998 1,006 1,277 1,229 1,226 1,048 943 1,007 882 876 935 45,332 50,884 54,420 54,426 57,885 57,551 59,385 55,299 50,446 49,166 50,456 65 % % Change Change 07-12 02-12 -10.8% -6.3% -12.3% +11.3% Justice Courts The total number of cases filed in Coconino County Justice Courts declined by 17.5 percent from 2002 to 2012 (Table 7). During this same time, criminal traffic filings declined by 24.6 percent and felony filings declined by 70.2 percent. The number of Non-traffic misdemeanor cases filed in Coconino County Justice Courts decreased by 19.7 percent from 2002 to 2012, even though the number has increased by 5.1 percent since 2007. The total number of cases filed in Arizona’s Justice Courts declined by 10.0 percent during the same time with the largest decrease seen in the number of felony cases filed in Arizona’s Justice Courts. Table 7: Total Justice Court Case Filings, FY2002-FY2012 Table 7: Total Justice Court Case Filings, FY2002 – FY2012 13 Coconino County Arizona 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 % Change 07-12 % Change 02-12 4,687 4,749 4,873 4,929 5,641 4,981 4,169 3,689 3,375 3,269 3,534 -29.1% -24.6% 3,551 3,085 3,971 3,162 3,128 2,713 2,513 2,646 2,897 2,966 2,851 +5.1% -19.7% Felony 3,378 2,957 2,399 1,376 1,666 1,633 1,272 992 917 800 1,005 -38.5% -70.2% Total 31,951 29,692 28,771 24,514 28,489 27,462 25,601 26,992 26,246 25,740 26,368 -4.0% -17.5% 96,692 -33.7% -1.9% 89,803 -24.8% -26.0% 20,998 -22.9% -46.3% 876,940 862,413 848,721 856,153 885,441 916,666 923,992 935,155 912,510 828,446 789,300 -13.9% -10.0% Criminal Traffic Non-Traffic Misd. Criminal 98,607 104,974 105,277 109,946 122,095 145,849 139,367 134,327 117,978 101,489 Traffic Non-Traffic 121,428 122,891 116,582 115,695 127,437 119,400 116,382 106,549 97,752 95,531 Misd. Felony Total 39,112 26,209 27,008 27,117 27,869 27,250 24,149 22,597 20,646 19,422 Civil traffic cases and non-criminal ordinance violations (e.g., parking tickets) are also included in the total case filings column of this table. Because the purpose of this report is to describe crime trends, only criminal traffic and non-traffic misdemeanor filings are reported separately from the other case types filed in Justice Courts. 13 66 Municipal Courts The number of cases filed in Coconino County Municipal Courts has decreased by 17.5 percent since 2002 (Table 8). After reaching a high of 27,017 cases filed in 2004, the number of cases filed in Coconino County Municipal Courts decreased to 21,865 cases in 2012. Of the types of cases filed in Coconino County Municipal Courts from 2002 to 2012, criminal traffic cases decreased by 18.3 percent and non-traffic misdemeanor cases decreased by 21.4 percent. Statewide from 2002 to 2012 the number of cases filed in Arizona’s municipal courts decreased by 7.9 percent, with criminal traffic cases filed decreasing by 23.0 percent and non-traffic misdemeanors decreasing by 4.7 percent. Table 8: Municipal Court Case Filings, FY2002-FY2012 Table 8: Municipal Court Case Filings, FY2002 – FY2012 14 2002 Criminal 2,840 Traffic NonCoconino Traffic 11,224 County Misd. Total Arizona 26,503 Criminal 157,274 Traffic NonTraffic 219,166 Misd. 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 % % Change Change 07-12 02-12 3,041 3,125 3,118 3,027 2,940 2,164 1,876 2,236 2,518 2,321 -21.1% -18.3% 10,879 10,484 9,355 9,704 9,920 9,449 9,811 9,514 8,429 8,821 -11.1% -21.4% 26,804 27,017 26,066 25,370 24,632 22,928 24,456 26,716 24,313 21,865 -11.2% -17.5% 168,537 173,246 172,825 171,258 179,625 178,786 168,933 160,073 136,062 121,061 -32.6% -23.0% 233,507 234,139 238,156 237,418 242,080 243,032 244,990 240,481 215,392 208,879 -13.7% -4.7% Total 1,360,306 1,468,863 1,439,452 1,469,243 1,451,725 1,532,792 1,658,230 1,557,948 1,436,526 1,306,239 1,253,047 -18.3% -7.9% Civil traffic cases and non-criminal ordinance violations (e.g., parking tickets) are also included in the total case filings column of this table. Because the purpose of the report is to describe crime trends, only criminal traffic and non-traffic misdemeanor filings are reported separately from the other case types filed in Municipal Court. 14 67 Probation The information provided in this section of the Coconino County Criminal Justice Data Profile focuses on adult offenders on standard and intensive probation and reflects the number of probationers on the last day of the fiscal year. It is also important to note that the numbers included in this section’s tables and figures are cumulative totals; in other words, the number of probationers reported in these data are not only those sentenced to probation during that year, but also include those currently under probation supervision at the end of each fiscal year irrespective of when they were sentenced to probation. Adult Standard Probation The purpose of standard probation in Arizona is to protect the public through community-based supervision and enforcement of court orders and to provide offenders opportunities to initiate positive changes in their lives. Standard probation is a less restrictive form of probation than intensive probation and those placed on this type of supervision are deemed to be at lower risk for re-offending than those on intensive probation. Minimum supervision requirements of standard probationers are set by A.R.S. § 12- 253(2) and vary according to supervision level (i.e., maximum, medium, and minimum). Each probation department also has the authority to implement more stringent supervision requirements than are established by state statute. From 2002 to 2012, the number of standard probationers under direct supervision in Coconino County increased by 3.9 percent (Table 9). Even though the number of standard probationers under supervision in 2012 is greater than the number under supervision in 2002, the number of standard probationers under supervision in Coconino County is 7.3 percent lower than the number under supervision in 2007. Similarly, although the number of standard probationers under direct supervision statewide increased 0.4 percent from 2002 to 2012, the number of standard probationers under supervision statewide in 2012 was 7.6 percent lower than the number under supervision in 2007. Table 9: Standard Probationers Under Direct Supervision in Coconino County and Arizona, FY2002-FY2012 Table 9: Number of Standard Probationers Under Direct Supervision in Coconino County and Arizona, FY2002 – FY2012 Coconino County Arizona % % Change Change 07-12 02-12 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 644 588 601 637 664 722 647 737 671 702 669 -7.3% +3.9% 35,666 -7.6% +0.4% 35,509 33,071 33,880 34,229 37,105 38,585 37,035 36,120 37,802 35,947 68 Restitution and Community Service Two of the most common conditions placed on probationers are restitution and community service. These conditions require probationers to repay the financial harm they have caused their victims (i.e., restitution) and engage in service to the communities in which they live (i.e., community service). From 2002 to 2012, the total amount of restitution collected from offenders on standard probation in Coconino County was $1,823,856 and ranged from a low of $133,709 in 2003 to a high of $230,229 in 2008 (Table 10). Table 10: Restitution Collected from Standard Probationers in Coconino County, FY2002-FY2012 Table 10: Dollar Amount Collected from Standard Probationers in Coconino County, FY2002 – FY2012 Restitution Total Collections* 2002 $161,180 $667,088 2003 $133,709 $593,666 2004 $183,775 $683,668 2005 $207,258 $763,544 2006 $207,258 $892,512 2007 $218,437 $979,106 2008 $230,229 $949,668 2009 $205,559 $847,858 2010 $174,026 $800,227 2011 $174,305 $761,618 2012 $135,378 $640,950 Total $1,823,856 $8,579,905 *Total collections include restitution to victims, reimbursement of criminal justice system costs, fines/surcharges, and probation fees paid. 69 The number of community service hours performed by standard probationers in Coconino County ranged from a high of 11,989 hours in FY2002 to a low of 3,164 hours in FY2009 (Figure 53). 15 From 2002 to 2012, standard probationers in Coconino County performed 68,073 hours of community service, which at the minimum wage in Arizona at the time this report was written ($7.90/hour), totaled $537,776.70 of community service work performed. Figure 53: Community Service Hours Completed by Standard Probationers in Coconino County, FY2002-FY2012 Figure 53: Community Service Hours Completed by Standard Probationers in Coconino County, FY2002 - FY2012 14,000 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 FY2002 FY2003 FY2004 FY2005 FY2006 FY2007 FY2008 FY2009 FY2010 FY2011 FY2012 Coconino 11,989 County 9,697 8,351 8,318 7,455 3,164 4,067 7,030 8,002 The AOC did not include community service hour data in its 2007 online data report. These data were obtained through personal communication on January 6, 2009. Community service hour data for 2008 was also unavailable at the time this report was published. 15 70 Adult Intensive Probation Adult Intensive Probation Supervision is a sentencing alternative that provides a higher degree of control, intervention, and surveillance than standard probation to convicted offenders who would otherwise be incarcerated in the Arizona Department of Corrections, or as a result of a technical violation of the supervision requirements of those on standard probation. This type of probation provides intensive supervision through probation officer or surveillance officer teams of two or three persons. Intensive Probation requires supervision teams to have face-to-face contact with probationers a minimum of 4-16 times per month, depending on which phase of the program the probationer is in. As is the case with the supervision requirements of standard probationers, each county’s probation department has the authority to establish more stringent supervision requirements than are established by statute. From 2002 to 2012 the number of convicted offenders on intensive probation in Coconino County generally increased (Table 11). In 2012, there were 12.8 percent more offenders on intensive probation than there were in 2002 and 18.5 percent more than there were in 2007. In contrast, during that same time, the number of convicted offenders on intensive probation statewide decreased by 30.5 percent since 2002 and 19.9 percent since 2007. Table 11: Intensive Probationers in Coconino County and Arizona, FY2002-FY2012 Table 11: Number of Intensive Probationers in Coconino County and Arizona, FY2002 – FY2012 % % 07-12 02-12 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Change Change Coconino 125 97 114 127 123 119 110 84 111 154 141 +18.5% +12.8% County 3,085 2,400 2,923 3,011 2,879 2,677 2,496 2,283 2,077 2,152 2,143 -19.9% -30.5% Arizona 71 Restitution and Community Service From 2002 to 2012, the amount of restitution collected from offenders on intensive probation in Coconino County ranged from a low of $15,606 in 2011 to a high of $37,343 in 2002 (Table 12). During the entire time period examined, $287,104 of restitution was collected from offenders on intensive probation Table 12: Restitution Collected from Intensive Probationers in Coconino County, FY2002-FY2012 Table 12: Dollar Amount Collected from Intensive Probationers in Coconino County, FY2002 – FY2012 Restitution Total Collections* 2002 $37,343 $208,037 2003 $24,118 $165,886 2004 $31,927 $173,617 2005 $34,182 $194,359 2006 $27,921 $206,608 2007 $26,090 $241,222 2008 $23,328 $211,237 2009 $25,496 $155,561 2010 $22,798 $94,603 2011 $15,606 $85,979 2012 $18,295 $39,651 Total $287,104 $1,776,220 *Total collections include restitution to victims, reimbursement of criminal justice system costs, fines/surcharges, and probation fees paid. 72 From 2002 to 2012, intensive probationers performed 180,166 hours of community service in Coconino County, ranging from a low of 15,589 hours in FY2011 to a high of 24,034 hours in FY2002 (Figure 54) 16. During this time, when multiplied by the minimum wage in Arizona at the time this report was written ($7.90/hour), the 180,166 hours of community service performed by intensive probationers in Coconino County totaled $1,423,311.40 of work performed. Figure 54: Community Service Hours Completed by Intensive Probationers in Coconino County, FY2002-FY2012 Figure 54: Community Service Hours Completed by Intensive Probationers in Coconino County, FY2002 - FY2012 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 FY2002 FY2003 FY2004 FY2005 FY2006 FY2007 FY2008 FY2009 FY2010 FY2011 FY2012 Coconino 24,034 22,559 20,886 21,984 21,111 County 16 20,177 16,485 15,589 17,341 The AOC did not include community service hour data in its 2007 and 2008 online data report. 73 Corrections Data The Arizona Department of Corrections (ADC) houses criminal offenders convicted of felonies in Arizona and sentenced to state confinement. The ADC also maintains separate sections for juveniles sentenced to prison by Arizona’s criminal courts. Currently, ADC is responsible for 10 prison complexes across Arizona. Additionally, the department utilizes and monitors six private prisons in Arizona. From 2002 to 2012, there were 3,141 individuals released from ADC to Coconino County (Figure 55). During the time period examined, the number of individuals released to Coconino County ranged from a low of 184 in FY2002 to a high of 368 in 2008. Figure 55: Department of Corrections Releases to Coconino County, 2002-2012 Figure 55: Department of Corrections Releases to Coconino County, 2002-2012 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Coconino County FY2002 FY2003 FY2004 FY2005 FY2006 FY2007 FY2008 FY2009 FY2010 FY2011 FY2012 184 221 261 320 239 74 339 368 360 322 296 231 Conclusion This inaugural edition of the Coconino County Criminal Justice System Data Profile contains data for the period 2002 to 2012 from DPS on crimes reported to Coconino County law enforcement agencies and arrests made by those agencies, data from the AOC on court and probation activity, and ADC data on inmates released to Coconino County. In an effort to provide data to inform policy and practice, county criminal justice data profiles have been created because much of the criminal justice system’s response to crime occurs at the county level (e.g., county attorneys, county probation, and county superior courts). The findings in this report reveal that the number of violent and property offenses reported to local law enforcement in Coconino County decreased by 36.4 percent and 37.5 percent, respectively, from 2002 to 2012. When looking at the offenses that comprise the violent and property indices, murder and non-negligent manslaughter and arson were the only offenses for which there were more offenses reported to the police in 2012 than in 2002. Because of overall increases in the population of Coconino County, the percentage increase in the murder and non-negligent manslaughter rate and arson rate was much smaller than the percentage increase in the number of murder and non-negligent manslaughters and arsons. This report also examines changes in Coconino County courts and probation data over the last decade. The number of cases filed in Coconino County Superior Court in 2012 was 4.9 percent greater than in 2002, but 4.5 percent less than in 2007. During this same time period, the total number of cases filed in Coconino County Justice Courts and in Municipal Courts throughout the county both decreased by 17.5 percent. From 2002 to 2012, the number of individuals who are on standard or intensive probation in Coconino County increased by 3.9 percent and 12.8 percent, respectively. In contrast, the number of individuals on standard probation statewide increased by 0.4 percent, while the number of individuals on intensive probation statewide decreased by 30.5 percent. From 2002 to 2012, there were 3,141 individuals released from ADC to Coconino County. In 2008, the number of individuals released from ADC custody to Coconino County reached a period high of 368, but since that time the number has declined. Having data on the activities of the criminal justice system at the county level can help county and municipal agencies better understand the short and long term trends in crime and the criminal justice system’s response and inform policy and practice in their jurisdiction. Although it is impossible to include every piece of data relevant to the work of the Coconino County criminal justice system, The Coconino County Criminal Justice Data Profile provides the foundational data necessary to implement data-driven decision making and evidence-based practice. 75 Appendix A- Part II Offenses Other assaults (simple) ― Assaults and attempted assaults which are not of an aggravated nature and do not result in serious injury to the victim. Forgery and counterfeiting ― The altering, copying, or imitating of something, without authority or right, with the intent to deceive or defraud by passing the copy or thing altered or imitated as that which is original or genuine; or the selling, buying, or possession of an altered, copied, or imitated thing with the intent to deceive or defraud. Attempts are included. Fraud ― The intentional perversion of the truth for the purpose of inducing another person or other entity in reliance upon it to part with something of value or to surrender a legal right. Fraudulent conversion and obtaining of money or property by false pretenses. Confidence games and bad checks, except forgeries and counterfeiting, are included. Embezzlement ― The unlawful misappropriation or misapplication by an offender to his/her own use or purpose of money, property, or some other thing of value entrusted to his/her care, custody, or control. Stolen property; buying, receiving, possessing ― Buying, receiving, possessing, selling, concealing, or transporting any property with the knowledge that it has been unlawfully taken, as by burglary, embezzlement, fraud, larceny, robbery, etc. Attempts are included. Vandalism ― To willfully or maliciously destroy, injure, disfigure, or deface any public or private property, real or personal, without the consent of the owner or person having custody or control by cutting, tearing, breaking, marking, painting, drawing, covering with filth, or any other such means as may be specified by local law. Attempts are included. Weapons; carrying, possessing, etc. ― The violation of laws or ordinances prohibiting the manufacture, sale, purchase, transportation, possession, concealment, or use of firearms, cutting instruments, explosives, incendiary devices, or other deadly weapons. Attempts are included. Prostitution and commercialized vice ― The unlawful promotion of or participation in sexual activities for profit, including attempts. Sex offenses (except forcible rape, prostitution, and commercialized vice) ― Statutory rape, offenses against chastity, common decency, morals, and the like. Attempts are included. 76 Drug abuse violations ― The violation of laws prohibiting the production, distribution, and/or use of certain controlled substances. The unlawful cultivation, manufacture, distribution, sale, purchase, use, possession, transportation, or importation of any controlled drug or narcotic substance. Arrests for violations of state and local laws, specifically those relating to the unlawful possession, sale, use, growing, manufacturing, and making of narcotic drugs. The following drug categories are specified: opium or cocaine and their derivatives (morphine, heroin, codeine); marijuana; synthetic narcotics ―manufactured narcotics that can cause true addiction (demerol, methadone); and dangerous non-narcotic drugs (barbiturates, benzedrine). Gambling ― To unlawfully bet or wager money or something else of value; assist, promote, or operate a game of chance for money or some other stake; possess or transmit wagering information; manufacture, sell, purchase, possess, or transport gambling equipment, devices, or goods; or tamper with the outcome of a sporting event or contest to gain a gambling advantage. Offenses against the family and children ― Unlawful nonviolent acts by a family member (or legal guardian) that threaten the physical, mental, or economic well-being or morals of another family member and that are not classifiable as other offenses, such as Assault or Sex Offenses. Attempts are included. Driving under the influence ― Driving or operating a motor vehicle or common carrier while mentally or physically impaired as the result of consuming an alcoholic beverage or using a drug or narcotic. Liquor laws ― The violation of state or local laws or ordinances prohibiting the manufacture, sale, purchase, transportation, possession, or use of alcoholic beverages, not including driving under the influence and drunkenness. Federal violations are excluded. Drunkenness ― To drink alcoholic beverages to the extent that one’s mental faculties and physical coordination are substantially impaired. Excludes driving under the influence. Disorderly conduct ― Any behavior that tends to disturb the public peace or decorum, scandalize the community, or shock the public sense of morality. Vagrancy ― The violation of a court order, regulation, ordinance, or law requiring the withdrawal of persons from the streets or other specified areas; prohibiting persons from remaining in an area or place in an idle or aimless manner; or prohibiting persons from going from place to place without visible means of support. All other offenses ― All violations of state or local laws not specifically identified as Part I or Part II offenses, except traffic violations. 77 Suspicion ― Arrested for no specific offense and released without formal charges being placed. Curfew and loitering laws (persons under age 18) ― Violations by juveniles of local curfew or loitering ordinances. Runaways (persons under age 18) ― Limited to juveniles taken into protective custody under the provisions of local statutes 78