Arizona Criminal Justice Commission Statistical Analysis Center Publication Our mission is to sustain and enhance the coordination, cohesiveness, productivity and effectiveness of the Criminal Justice System in Arizona Gila County Criminal Justice Data Profile November 2014 ARIZONA CRIMINAL JUSTICE COMMISSION Chairperson BILL MONTGOMERY Maricopa County Attorney Vice-Chairperson DAVID K. BYERS, Director Administrative Office of the Courts JOSEPH ARPAIO Maricopa County Sheriff JOSEPH R. BRUGMAN, Chief Safford Police Department TIMOTHY J. DORN, Chief Gilbert Police Department CLARENCE DUPNIK Pima County Sheriff CHRIS GIBBS, Mayor City of Safford ROBERT C. HALLIDAY, Director Department of Public Safety TOM HORNE Attorney General DREW JOHN Graham County Supervisor BARBARA LAWALL Pima County Attorney ELLEN KIRSCHBAUM, Chairperson Board of Executive Clemency SHEILA POLK Yavapai County Attorney WILLIAM PRIBIL Coconino County Sheriff CHARLES RYAN, Director Department of Corrections DAVID SANDERS Pima County Chief Probation Officer DANIEL G. SHARP, Chief Oro Valley Police Department STEVEN SHELDON Former Judge MARK SPENCER Law Enforcement Leader JOHN A. BLACKBURN, JR. Executive Director i This report is a product of the Arizona Criminal Justice Commission’s Statistical Analysis Center. The following staff members of the Statistical Analysis Center contributed to this and the other county criminal justice data profiles: Megan Armstrong Aida Ceja Steve Irvine Vanessa Jones Victor Mora Michelle Neitch Sara Skinner Phillip Stevenson This project was supported by Grant # 2012-BJ-CX-K012 awarded to the Arizona Criminal Justice Commission by the U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics. Points of view or opinions contained within this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. Suggested citation: Arizona Criminal Justice Commission (2014). Gila County Criminal Justice Data Profile. Arizona Criminal Justice Commission. Phoenix, AZ. ii Table of Contents Executive Summary............................................................................................................ 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 6 Criminal Justice Data Sources ............................................................................................. 7 Population Data ................................................................................................................. 8 Law Enforcement Data ....................................................................................................... 9 Part I Index Offense Counts and Rates......................................................................10 Violent Index Offense Counts..........................................................................11 Violent Index Offense Rates ...........................................................................12 Violent Index Offenses ...................................................................................13 Murder/Non-negligent Manslaughter .....................................................13 Forcible Rape......................................................................................15 Robbery .............................................................................................17 Aggravated Assault .............................................................................20 Property Index Offense Counts .......................................................................23 Property Index Offense Rates .........................................................................24 Property Crime Index Offenses .......................................................................24 Burglary .............................................................................................25 Larceny-Theft .....................................................................................27 Motor Vehicle Theft .............................................................................29 Arson .................................................................................................31 Part II Arrest Counts and Rates ................................................................................35 Simple Assaults .............................................................................................37 Forgery and Counterfeiting .............................................................................39 Fraud............................................................................................................41 Stolen Property..............................................................................................43 Vandalism .....................................................................................................45 Weapons.......................................................................................................47 Sex Offenses .................................................................................................49 Sale or Manufacturing of Drugs .......................................................................51 Possession of Drugs .......................................................................................53 Offenses against Family/Children ....................................................................55 Driving Under the Influence (DUI) ...................................................................57 Liquor Law Violations .....................................................................................59 Disorderly Conduct ........................................................................................61 Court and Probation Data ..................................................................................................63 Superior Court.........................................................................................................63 Justice Courts .........................................................................................................64 Municipal Courts ......................................................................................................65 Probation ................................................................................................................66 Adult Standard Probation .........................................................................................66 Restitution and Community Service .................................................................67 Adult Intensive Probation .........................................................................................69 Restitution and Community Service .................................................................70 iii Table of Contents (continued) Corrections Data ...............................................................................................................72 Conclusion........................................................................................................................73 Appendix A- Part II Offenses ..............................................................................................74 iv List of Tables Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table 1: Data Sources ........................................................................................................ 7 2: Gila County and Arizona Population, 2002-2012 ....................................................... 8 3: Robberies with a Firearm Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 .................................19 4: Aggravated Assaults with a Firearm Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 ..................22 5: Total Filings in Superior Court, FY2002-FY2012.......................................................63 6: Total Felony Filings in Superior Court, FY2002-FY2012 ............................................63 7: Total Justice Court Case Filings, FY2002-FY2012 .....................................................64 8: Municipal Court Case Filings, FY2002-FY2012 .........................................................65 9: Standard Probationers Under Direct Supervision in Gila County and Arizona, FY2002FY2012..................................................................................................................66 Table 10: Restitution Collected from Standard Probationers in Gila County, FY2002-FY2012 ....67 Table 11: Intensive Probationers in Gila County and Arizona, FY2002-FY2012 ........................69 Table 12: Restitution Collected from Intensive Probationers in Gila County, FY2002-FY2012 ....70 v List of Figures Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure 1: Reported Violent Index Offenses Gila County, 2002-2012 .......................................11 2: Reported Violent Index Offense Rates Gila County and State, 2002-2012 .................12 3: Reported Murders/Non Negligent Manslaughter Gila County, 2002-2012 ..................13 4: Reported Murder/Non Negligent Manslaughter Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 .............................................................................................................14 5: Reported Forcible Rapes Gila County, 2002-2012 ...................................................15 6: Reported Forcible Rape Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 .............16 7: Reported Robberies Gila County, 2002-2012 ..........................................................17 8: Reported Robbery Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 .....................18 9: Reported Aggravated Assaults Gila County, 2002-2012 ...........................................20 10: Reported Aggravated Assault Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 ...21 11: Reported Property Index Offense Gila County, 2002-2012 ....................................23 12: Reported Property Index Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 .........24 13: Reported Burglaries Gila County, 2002-2012 ........................................................25 14: Reported Burglary Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 ...................26 15: Reported Larceny/Thefts Gila County, 2002-2012.................................................27 16: Reported Larceny-Theft Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 ...........28 17: Reported Motor Vehicle Thefts Gila County, 2002-2012 ........................................29 18: Reported Motor Vehicle Theft Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012...30 19: Reported Arsons Gila County, 2002-2012 ............................................................31 20: Reported Arson Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012.......................32 21: Percent Change in Index Offense Counts Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 .......33 22: Percent Change in Index Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 .........34 23: Part II Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 ................................................................35 24: Part II Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 ......................................36 25: Simple Assault Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 ....................................................37 26: Simple Assaults Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 .......................38 27: Forgery and Counterfeiting Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 ..................................39 28: Forgery and Counterfeiting Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 .........40 29: Fraud Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 .................................................................41 30: Fraud Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 .......................................42 31: Stolen Property Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 ...................................................43 32: Stolen Property Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 .........................44 33: Vandalism Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 ..........................................................45 34: Vandalism Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 .................................46 35: Weapons Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 ............................................................47 36: Weapons Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 ..................................48 37: Sex Offense Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 ........................................................49 38: Sex Offense Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 ..............................50 39: Sale or Manufacturing of Drugs Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 ............................51 40: Drug Sale or Manufacturing Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 ........52 41: Drug Possession Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 ..................................................53 42: Drug Possession Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 ........................54 43: Offenses Against Family/Children Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012..........................55 44: Offenses Against Family/Children Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 56 45: DUI Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012....................................................................57 vi List of Figures (continued) Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure 46: DUI Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 ..........................................58 47: Liquor Law Violation Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 ............................................59 48: Liquor Law Violations Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 .................60 49: Disorderly Conduct Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 ..............................................61 50: Disorderly Conduct Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 ....................62 51: Community Service Hours Completed by Standard Probationers in Gila County, FY2002-FY2012 ......................................................................................................68 Figure 52: Community Service Hours Completed by Intensive Probationers in Gila County, FY2002-FY2012 ......................................................................................................71 Figure 53: Department of Corrections Releases in Gila County, 2002-2012 .............................72 vii Executive Summary On a regular basis, the Arizona Criminal Justice Commission publishes a criminal justice system trends report, which is titled Arizona Crime Trends: A System Review. In support of data-driven policy and practice, the report uses publicly available data to describe the activity of Arizona’s criminal justice system from law enforcement agencies description of the offenses reported to their agencies to descriptive characteristics of the inmate population of the Arizona Department of Corrections. Although the data in Arizona Crime Trends provides a valuable overview of crime and criminal justice activity data at the state level, it is important to recognize that much of Arizona’s criminal justice system is organized and functions at the municipal and county level (e.g., local and county law enforcement, city and county attorneys, county probation, municipal courts, county superior courts, etc.). Aggregating the data to describe system activity for the state as a whole can mask important differences in crime and criminal justice system activity at the local level. To address this limitation of state-level data, ACJC’s Statistical Analysis Center (SAC) has compiled criminal justice system data at the county level similar to that published in Arizona Crime Trends: A System Review. More specifically, in this inaugural edition of the Gila County Criminal Justice Data Profile, the most recent 11 years of data available on law enforcement, court, probation, and corrections activity impacting Gila County are compiled to give county-based criminal justice policymakers and practitioners an overview of crime and criminal justice system activity in their county. An analysis of the Gila County data included in this report reveals the following: Offenses Reported to the Police  From 2002 to 2012 the number of violent offenses reported to Gila County law enforcement agencies has generally declined. Even with a substantial increase from 2008 to 2009 in the number of violent index offenses reported to the police in Gila County, overall, from 2002 to 2012 the number of violent index offenses reported to the police decreased by 53.4 percent.  From 2002 to 2012, the number of murders/non-negligent manslaughter reported to law enforcement agencies in Gila County varied from a low of zero murders in 2003, 2004, 2008, and 2010 to a high of two murders in 2006. During the entire time period examined, there were eight murders and nonnegligent manslaughters reported to Gila County law enforcement agencies.  There was considerable year-to-year variation in the number of forcible rapes reported to Gila County law enforcement agencies from 2002 to 2012. The number of forcible rapes reported to the police in Gila County ranged from a low of four in 2012 to a high of 17 in 2005. 1  From 2002 to 2012, there was significant year-to-year variation in the number of robberies reported to Gila County law enforcement agencies. During this time, the number of robberies reported to the police ranged from a low of four in 2003 to a high of 15 in 2011.  From 2002 to 2012, the number of aggravated assaults reported to the police in Gila County generally decreased. During this time, the number of reported aggravated assaults declined by 56.0 percent from 259 in 2002 to 114 in 2012.  From 2002 to 2012, the number of property index offenses reported to law enforcement agencies in Gila County has generally declined. During this time, the number of property index offenses reported to Gila County law enforcement agencies decreased by 49.4 percent.  From 2002 to 2012, the number of burglaries reported to Gila County law enforcement agencies decreased by 56.0 percent from 573 burglaries in 2002 to 252 burglaries in 2012.  From 2002 to 2012, the number of larceny-thefts reported to law enforcement in Gila County has declined by 46.5 percent from 1,095 larceny-thefts in 2002 to 586 in 2012.  From 2002 to 2012, the number of motor vehicle thefts reported to Gila County law enforcement agencies decreased by 49.1 percent from 108 motor vehicle thefts in 2002 to 55 in 2012.  From 2002 to 2012, there was significant year-to-year variation in the number of arsons reported to law enforcement agencies in Gila County. During this time, the number of reported arsons ranged from a low of eight in 2009 to a high of 35 in 2007. Arrests  From 2002 to 2012, arrests in Gila County for Part II offenses decreased by 44.8 percent. From 2002 to 2009 the number of arrests ranged from a low of 2,985 in 2008 to a high of 3,927 in 2009, before decreasing by 44.9 percent from 3,972 arrests in 2009 to 2,162 arrests in 2012.  From 2002 to 2012, the number of arrests by Gila County law enforcement agencies for simple assault decreased by 64.9 percent.  The number of arrests for forgery and counterfeiting declined by 66.7 percent from 18 arrests in 2002 to six in 2012. 2  From 2002 to 2012, the number of arrests for fraud in Gila County declined by 78.9 percent from 57 arrests in 2002 to 12 arrests in 2012.  From 2002 to 2012, the number of arrests for stolen property in Gila County increased from 10 to 16. During this time, the number of stolen property arrests ranged from a low of eight in 2007 to a high of 20 in 2010.  Although there was significant year-to-year variation in the number of arrests for vandalism in Gila County, overall, from 2002 to 2012 the number of arrests for vandalism decreased by 50.5 percent.  The number of weapons arrests in Gila County increased from 2002 to 2006 when it reached a high for the period of 58 arrests. The number of arrests then generally declined to a period low of 14 arrests in 2012. Overall, the number of weapons arrests in Gila County decreased from 34 in 2002 to 14 in 2012.  The number of sex offense arrests made by Gila County law enforcement agencies varied considerably from year to year, ranging from a low of nine arrests in 2012, to a high of 42 arrests in 2004.  From 2002 to 2009, the number of arrests for sale or manufacturing of drugs in Gila County increased more than four-fold from 22 arrests in 2002 to 97 arrests in 2009. Since 2009, the number of arrests for the sale or manufacturing of drugs has generally decreased, but in 2012 there were still more than twice the number of arrests for the sale or manufacturing of drugs than in 2002.  From 2002 to 2009 the number of drug possession arrests in Gila County increased by 96.9 percent. From 2009 to 2012 the rate decreased by 54.3 percent, ending the time period examined 9.9 percent lower than in 2002.  The number of arrests for offenses against family or children made by Gila County law enforcement agencies increased from 204 arrests in 2002 to 338 in 2012.  From 2002 to 2012, the number of DUI arrests by Gila County law enforcement agencies decreased by 45.5 percent, from 253 arrests in 2002 to 138 arrests in 2012.  From 2002 to 2012, the number of arrests for liquor law violations in Gila County declined by 81.9 percent. During the time period examined, the number of arrests in Gila County for liquor law violations ranged from a low of 58 in 2012, to a high of 320 in 2002. 3  From 2002 to 2012, the number of arrests made by Gila County law enforcement agencies for disorderly conduct decreased by 53.0 percent. During this time, the number of disorderly conduct arrests ranged from a low of 205 in 2008 to a high of 492 in 2002. Courts  From 2002 to 2012, the number of cases filed in Gila County Superior Court decreased by 19.9 percent.  From 2002 to 2012, the number of felony filings in Gila County Superior Court decreased 27.6 percent.  From 2002 to 2012, the total number of cases filed in Gila County Justice Courts decreased by 41.1 percent. During this time, criminal traffic filings decreased by 41.4 percent, non-traffic misdemeanor filings decreased by 37.4 percent, and felony filings decreased by 80.5 percent.  The number of cases filed in Gila County Municipal Courts has increased more than five-fold from 2002 to 2012. This increase is primarily a function of increases in civil filings (e.g., civil traffic, small claims, forcible detainer, etc.) and non-criminal violations of local ordinances. Probation  From 2002 to 2012, the number of standard probationers under direct supervision in Gila County decreased by 21.3 percent.  From 2002 to 2012, $806,459 in restitution was collected from offenders on standard probation in Gila County. During this time, $4,350,459 in restitution, reimbursement of criminal justice system costs, fines/surcharges, and probation fees were collected from offenders on standard probation in Gila County.  From 2002 to 2012, standard probationers in Gila County performed 104,568 hours of community service work, which at the minimum wage in Arizona at the time this report was written ($7.90/hour), totaled $826,087.20 worth of work performed.  From 2002 to 2012, the number of convicted offenders on intensive probation in Gila County declined from 38 in 2002 to 20 in 2012. During this time, the number of offenders on intensive probationer ranged from a low of 20 in 2012, to a high of 47 in 2004 and 2008. 4  From 2002 to 2012, $105,024 in restitution was collected from offenders on intensive probation in Gila County. During this same time, $420,768 in restitution, reimbursement of criminal justice system costs, fines/surcharges, and probation fees were collected from intensive probationers supervised in Gila County.  From 2002 to 2012, offenders on intensive probation in Gila County performed 50,329 hours of community service, which at the minimum wage in Arizona at the time this report was written ($7.90/hour), totaled $397,599.10 of work performed. Corrections data  The number of individuals released from state prison to Gila County ranged from a low of 65 individuals in FY2002 to a high of 138 in FY2007. Figure 5 Introduction Arizona’s criminal justice system is a large and complex system made up of hundreds of agencies and related organizations at the state, county, and municipal level. On a regular basis, the Arizona Criminal Justice Commission (ACJC) publishes Arizona Crime Trends: A System Review, which reviews statewide criminal and juvenile justice data on crime and delinquency, law enforcement activity, the courts, and corrections. The data in Arizona Crime Trends is a valuable resource for a variety of criminal justice data for the entire state. In the 2011 Crime Trends report, the following trends were noted.  The number of violent index offenses reported to the police in Arizona in 2010 was 4.4 percent lower than in 2000 and 15.6 percent lower than the decade high in 2006. But because of the increase in the population of Arizona, from 2000 to 2010 the violent index offense rate decreased by 23.2 percent.  The number of property index offenses reported to the police in Arizona decreased by 16.9 percent from 2000 to 2010, which when adjusted for change in state’s population, resulted in a 33.3 percent decrease in the property index offense rate during that time period.  Statewide, from 2000 to 2010 the number of felony case filings increased by 37.8 percent, from 40,137 to 59,385.  From 2000 to 2010, the number of individuals on standard probation increased by 15.2 percent, from 32,809 to 37,802.  From 2000 to 2010, the number of individuals incarcerated in the Arizona Department of Corrections increased by 51.4 percent, from 26,510 to 40,130. Although Arizona Crime Trends provides a comprehensive picture of crime and criminal justice activity at the state level, it is important to recognize that much of Arizona’s criminal justice system is organized at the county level (e.g., county attorneys, county probation, and county superior courts). To support data-driven policy and practice among county criminal justice system agencies, ACJC’s Statistical Analysis Center (SAC) has created a set of data profiles at the county level similar to that published in Arizona Crime Trends. Although the data included in this profile provides some important insights into crime and criminal justice system activity in Gila County, the Gila County Criminal Justice Data Profile cannot answer all the questions readers may have about criminal justice system activity in Gila County. The complexity of the criminal justice system and the decentralized nature of data sources make that goal unachievable without investing significant resources into identifying, collecting, maintaining, and analyzing crime and criminal justice data obtained from all criminal justice system and partner agencies. 6 Instead, this profile provides an overview of the trends in Gila County’s criminal justice system activity from available data for the years 2002 to 2012. The data presented in this profile provides a foundation upon which criminal justice policymakers and practitioners can develop effective responses to the challenges of crime and criminal justice case processing in Gila County. Criminal Justice Data Sources One of the primary goals of the ACJC’s SAC is to serve as a central point of contact for a variety of criminal and juvenile justice system data. Because the SAC does not generate criminal justice system data of their own, developing the content for a centralized data clearinghouse relies on obtaining data from other local, state, and federal agencies that collect, maintain, and share justice system data. In creating this report, SAC staff relied on three primary sources of criminal justice data—the Arizona Department of Public Safety, the Administrative Office of the Courts, and the Arizona Department of Corrections (Table 1). Table 1: Data Sources Table 1: Data Sources Source Data Arizona Department of Public Safety Crime in Arizona Annual Reports Administrative Office of the Courts Annual Data Reports Arizona Department of Corrections Annual Releases 7 Population Data From 2002 to 2012, the population of Gila County increased by 3.2 percent (Table 2). During this same time, the population for the state as a whole increased by 21.4 percent. All 15 of Arizona’s counties experienced population increases from 2002 to 2012, ranging from the 3.2 percent increase in the population of Gila County to a 96.6 percent increase in the population of Pinal County. Table 2: Gila County and Arizona Population, 2002-2012 Table 2: Gila County and Arizona Population, 2002-2012 Gila County Population Year-to-Year % Change Arizona Population Arizona Population Year-to-Year % Change Year Gila County 2002 51,478 2003 51,337 -0.3 5,510,364 +2.1 2004 51,423 +0.2 5,652,404 +2.6 2005 51,655 +0.5 5,839,077 +3.3 2006 52,541 +1.7 6,029,141 +3.3 2007 53,252 +1.4 6,167,681 +2.3 2008 53,437 +0.3 6,280,362 +1.8 2009 53,561 +0.2 6,343,154 +1.0 2010 53,569 0.0 6,413,737 +1.1 2011 53,144 -0.8 6,482,505 +1.1 2012 53,144 % Change 2002 - 2012 Sources: 0.0 6,553,255 % Change 2002 - 2012 +1.1 5,396,255 +3.2 +21.4 http://www.census.gov/popest/intercensal/county/CO-EST00INT-01.html http://www.census.gov/popest/data/counties/totals/2011/CO-EST2011-01.html http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/04/04013.html Retrieved 7/26/2013 8 Law Enforcement Data The primary state source for official property and violent offense and arrest information is the Arizona Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) program. Initiated at the federal level more than 70 years ago, the UCR program is managed by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and is a nationwide effort by law enforcement agencies to voluntarily report offense and arrest data from their jurisdictions on a set of specific crimes. The purpose of the UCR program is to provide reliable information that describes the nature and extent of crime for administrative, operational, and management activities. The data that is collected through the UCR program, particularly data on those crimes that form the property and violent crime indices, have become one of the most common and widely recognized social indicators of crime in the United States. The data used in this report to describe crime over time in Gila County and the state as a whole comes from Crime in Arizona, which is the annual UCR program report published by the Arizona Department of Public Safety (DPS). It is important for users of official crime data to know that not all crimes are reported to a law enforcement agency, and subsequently, the state’s UCR program. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, 51.4 percent of violent crime and 60.6 percent of property crime nationally were not reported to the police in 2009.1 In Arizona, data from the 2013 Arizona Victimization Survey found that 48.6 percent of violent crimes and 30.4 percent of property crimes experienced by residents of Arizona in 2013 were not reported to the police.2 Some of the reasons given by residents of Arizona for why they did not report their victimizations to the police include: I dealt with the victimization in another way, the offense was too trivial to involve law enforcement, and there was nothing the criminal justice system could do about the victimization.3 In the law enforcement data section of this report, 2002 to 2012 reported offense data from DPS’ uniform crime reporting program for Gila County and Arizona is reviewed and discussed. Because Arizona is one of the fastest growing states in the nation, it is also important to analyze both the number of crimes in a county and the crime rates for the county, which control for changes in the county’s population. The number of crimes and the rate of crime (in this report, # of offenses / population X 100,000) provide complementary but, at times, very different perspectives on crime and criminal justice system activity. For example, the number of violent index offenses reported to the police in Arizona declined by 4.4 percent from 2000 to 2010, but when controlling for the increase in the population of Arizona, the crime rate declined by 23.2 percent during the same time.4 Throughout this report, even though the population of Gila Truman, Jennifer L. and Michael R. Rand. “Criminal Victimization, 2009.” October 2010. Web. March 29, 2011. 2 Stevenson, Phillip. 2013. “The 2013 Arizona Crime Victimization Survey.” Arizona Criminal Justice Commission. Phoenix, AZ. 3 Ibid. 4 Stevenson, Phillip. 2011. “Arizona Crime Trends: A System Review.” Arizona Criminal Justice Commission, Phoenix, AZ. 1 9 County is well under 100,000, for consistency across county profiles, the crime rate for Gila County is calculated by the formula above which reports rates of crime per 100,000 residents in the population. The value of reporting the number and rates of crimes over time is to assess change in crime within a jurisdiction, not to compare numbers and rates across jurisdictions. Each jurisdiction has unique crime and criminal justice issues that make comparisons across jurisdictions much less valuable than an analysis of change over time in the same jurisdiction. Because it is beyond the scope of this report and the resources available to provide an analysis of crime trends for every jurisdiction in Arizona, the profiles focus on county and statewide data that gives criminal justice system policymakers, practitioners, and the general public a reliable and objective description of crime and crime trends in Arizona. Part I Index Offense Counts and Rates The Uniform Crime Reporting Program Part I index offense rate is a commonly used indicator of crime in a jurisdiction. There are four violent index offenses (murder, rape, robbery, and aggravated assault) and four property index offenses (arson, burglary, larceny-theft, and motor vehicle theft) that comprise the Part I violent and property indices. In this section of the Gila County Criminal Justice System Data Profile, violent and property offense counts and rates for Gila County and Arizona are reviewed. 10 Violent Index Offense Counts Although there was significant year-to-year variation in the number of violent index offenses reported to the police in Gila County, from 2002 to 2012 the number of violent offenses reported to the police have generally declined (Figure 1). Even with a substantial increase from 2008 to 2009 in the number of violent index offenses reported to Gila County law enforcement agencies, overall, from 2002 to 2012 the number of violent index offenses reported to the police decreased by 53.4. Figure 1: Reported Violent Index Offenses Gila County, 2002-2012 Figure 1: Reported Violent Index Offenses Gila County 2002-2012 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Gila County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 279 228 242 203 230 226 157 253 229 152 130 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 11 Violent Index Offense Rates Similar to the number of violent index offenses reported to Gila County law enforcement agencies, from 2002 to 2012 the violent index offense rate generally decreased (Figure 2). Even with the large increase in the violent offense rate from 2008 to 2009, overall the Gila County violent offense rate decreased 54.9 percent from 542 violent offenses per 100,000 in 2002 to 244.6 violence offenses per 100,000 in 2012. During this same time, the Gila County violent index offense rate was lower than the state violent index offense rate except for in 2009 and 2010. Figure 2: Reported Violent Index Offense Rates Gila County and State, 2002-2012 Figure 2: Reported Violent Index Offense Rates Gila County and State, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Gila County 542.0 444.1 470.6 393.0 437.8 424.4 293.8 472.4 427.5 286.0 244.6 Arizona 551.9 511.7 505.3 503.9 511.4 480.1 457.8 411.4 371.4 374.4 395.3 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 12 Violent Index Offenses Although total violent index offense counts and rates from the UCR program are useful measures of violent crime in a community, combining multiple offenses into a single index can mask significant variation in the types of violent crime being reported to law enforcement agencies. In this section of the Gila County Criminal Justice Data Profile, the four offenses that comprise the violent crime index (murder/non-negligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault) and their respective trends over time are reported. Murder/Non-negligent Manslaughter As defined by the UCR program, murder and non-negligent manslaughter is “the willful (non-negligent) killing of one human being by another.”5 From 2002 to 2012, the number of murders/non-negligent manslaughter varied (Figure 3) from a low of zero murders in 2003, 2004, 2008, and 2010 to a high of two murders in 2006. During the entire time period examined, there were eight murders and non-negligent manslaughters reported to Gila County law enforcement agencies. Figure 3: Reported Murders/Non Negligent Manslaughter Gila County, 2002-2012 Figure 3: Reported Murders/Non Negligent Manslaughter Gila County, 2002-2012 3 2 1 0 Gila County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 1 0 0 1 2 1 0 1 0 1 1 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 5 http://www2.fbi.gov/ucr/cius2009/offenses/violent_crime/murder_homicide.html 13 The murder/non-negligent manslaughter rate for Gila County varied from 0.0 murders/non-negligent manslaughter per 100,000 population to a high of 3.8 per 100,000 in 2006 (Figure 4). During the entire time period examined, Gila County’s murder and non-negligent manslaughter rate was lower than the state rate. Figure 4: Reported Murder/Non Negligent Manslaughter Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 4: Reported Murder/Non Negligent Manslaughter Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Gila County 1.9 0.0 0.0 1.9 3.8 1.9 0.0 1.9 0.0 1.9 1.9 Arizona 7.1 8.0 7.3 7.6 7.7 7.5 6.4 5.1 5.5 5.2 5.3 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 14 Forcible Rape As defined by the UCR program, forcible rape is “the carnal knowledge of a female forcibly and against her will.”6 Attempts to commit rape by force or threat of force are also included. However, statutory rape (without force) and other sex offenses are excluded. Sexual assaults of males are not included in this offense category and instead are classified as assaults or other sexual offenses not included in any of the index offense categories. There was considerable year-to-year variation in the number of forcible rapes reported to Gila County law enforcement agencies from 2002 to 2012 (Figure 5). The number of forcible rapes reported to the police in Gila County ranged from a high of 17 forcible rapes in 2005 to a low of four in 2012. Figure 5: Reported Forcible Rapes Gila County, 2002-2012 Figure 5: Reported Forcible Rapes Gila County, 2002-2012 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Gila County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 11 11 16 17 9 13 7 8 10 11 4 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 6 http://www2.fbi.gov/ucr/cius2009/offenses/violent_crime/forcible_rape.html 15 Although there was significant year-to-year variation in the number of forcible rapes reported to Gila County law enforcement agencies from 2002 to 2012, the Gila County forcible rape rate generally decreased during this time (Figure 6). The reported forcible rape offense rate reached a high of 32.9 forcible rapes per 100,000 residents in 2005 before falling to 7.5 rapes per 100,000 in 2012. During the entire time period examined, the Gila County forcible rape rate was lower than the rate for the state as a whole. Figure 6: Reported Forcible Rape Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 6: Reported Forcible Rape Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Gila County 21.4 21.4 31.1 32.9 17.1 24.4 13.1 14.9 18.7 20.7 7.5 Arizona 29.4 33.1 33.0 33.5 31.7 29.1 26.3 25.8 24.3 25.5 26.3 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 16 Robbery The UCR program defines robbery as “the taking or attempting to take anything of value from the care, custody, or control of a person or persons by force or threat of force or violence and/or by putting the victim in fear.”7 From 2002 to 2012, the number of robberies reported to Gila County law enforcement agencies experienced significant year-to-year variation (Figure 7). During the time period examined, the number of robberies reported to the police ranged from a low of four robberies in 2003 to a high of 15 in 2011. Figure 7: Reported Robberies Gila County, 2002-2012 Figure 7: Reported Robberies Gila County, 2002-2012 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Gila County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 8 4 10 12 12 9 6 9 8 15 11 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 7 http://www2.fbi.gov/ucr/cius2009/offenses/violent_crime/robbery.html 17 The Gila County robbery rate also experienced significant year-to-year variation (Figure 8). From 2002 to 2012, the Gila County robbery rate ranged from a low of 7.8 reported robberies per 100,000 residents in 2003 to a high of 28.2 per 100,000 in 2011. During this time, the Gila County robbery rate remained well below Arizona’s rate, even with a 24.6 percent decrease in the state rate from 2002 to 2012. Figure 8: Reported Robbery Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 8: Reported Robbery Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Gila County 15.5 7.8 19.4 23.2 22.8 16.9 11.2 16.8 14.9 28.2 20.7 Arizona 146.8 136.7 135.1 144.8 151.0 153.9 153.6 126.5 106.6 108.1 110.7 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 18 In addition to offense and arrest data, the DPS’s Uniform Crime Reporting program also collects county level information on firearm use by offenders involved in robberies and aggravated assaults. Table 3 compares the number and percentage of robberies involving the use of a firearm in Arizona and Gila County. From 2002 to 2012, the percentage of robberies with a firearm was lower in Gila County than in Arizona except for in 2006. In 2006, 66.7 percent of the robberies in Gila County included the use of a firearm compared to 49.1 percent of robberies statewide. During the entire time period examined, the percentage of robberies in Gila County involving a firearm ranged from 0.0 percent in 2003 to 66.7 percent in 2006. During this same time, the percentage of robberies statewide involving a firearm ranged from a low of 42.3 percent in 2012 to a high of 52.2 percent in 2005. Table 3: Robberies with a Firearm Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Table 3: Robberies with a Firearm Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Gila County 12.5% 0.0% 30.0% Total Robberies 7,920 7,535 7,638 Robberies with a Firearm 3,746 3,636 3,861 33.3% 66.7% 11.1% 0.0% 33.3% 25.0% 8,455 9,106 9,493 9,648 8,021 6,838 4,414 4,475 4,669 4,985 3,666 3,027 52.2% 49.1% 49.2% 51.7% 45.7% 44.3% 15 5 33.3% 7,007 3,143 11 4 36.4% 7,253 3,069 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 44.9% 42.3% 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Total Robberies 8 4 10 Robberies with a Firearm 1 0 3 12 12 9 6 9 8 4 8 1 0 3 2 Arizona Percent 19 Percent 47.3% 48.3% 50.5% Aggravated Assault According to the UCR program, aggravated assault is an “unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purpose of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury.”8 Aggravated assaults are often committed with a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily harm. Attempted aggravated assaults that involve the display or threat to use a weapon are also included in this offense category because serious personal injury would likely result if the assault were successfully completed. From 2002 to 2012, the number of aggravated assaults reported to the police in Gila County generally decreased (Figure 9). From 2002 to 2008 the number of aggravated assaults reported to the police in Gila County decreased by 44.4 percent. After a large single year increase in the number of reported aggravated assaults from 2008 to 2009, from 2009 to 2012 the number declined to its lowest point during the time period examined. Overall, the number of reported aggravated assaults declined by 56.0 percent from 259 reported aggravated assaults in 2002 to 114 in 2012. Figure 9: Reported Aggravated Assaults Gila County, 2002-2012 Figure 9: Reported Aggravated Assaults Gila County, 2002-2012 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Gila County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 259 213 216 173 207 203 144 235 211 125 114 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 8 http://www2.fbi.gov/ucr/cius2009/offenses/violent_crime/aggravated_assault.html 20 From 2002 to 2012, the reported aggravated assault rate in Gila County generally decreased (Figure 10). Even with increases in the aggravated assault rate from 2003 to 2004, 2005 to 2006, and 2008 to 2009, the aggravated assault rate in 2012 was 57.4 percent lower than the aggravated assault rate in 2002. For most of the time period examined, the aggravated assault rate for Gila County was higher than the rate for the state. Figure 10: Reported Aggravated Assault Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 10: Reported Aggravated Assault Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Gila County 503.1 414.9 420.0 334.9 394.0 381.2 269.5 438.8 393.9 235.2 214.5 Arizona 368.6 333.9 329.8 318.1 321.0 289.5 271.4 254.0 235.0 235.6 253.0 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 21 From 2002 to 2012, the percentage of aggravated assaults committed with a firearm statewide was greater than the percentage of aggravated assaults committed with a firearm in Gila County (Table 4). During the time period examined, the percentage of aggravated assaults in Arizona that involved a firearm was more than two times the percentage of aggravated assaults in Gila County that involved a firearm. Table 4: Aggravated Assaults with a Firearm Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Table 4: Aggravated Assaults with a Firearm Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Gila County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Total Aggravated Assaults 259 213 216 173 207 Aggravated Assaults with a Firearm 18 11 11 14 20 Arizona Percent 6.9% 5.2% 5.1% 8.1% 9.7% Total Aggravated Assaults 19,892 18,398 18,643 18,573 19,356 Aggravated Assaults with a Firearm 4,704 4,951 4,934 5,332 5,470 203 15 7.4% 17,858 4,922 144 3 2.1% 17,047 4,853 235 13 5.5% 16,110 3,840 211 14 6.6% 15,074 3,422 125 10 8.0% 15,272 3,531 114 7 6.1% 16,579 3,945 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 22 Percent 23.6% 26.9% 26.5% 28.7% 28.3% 27.6% 28.5% 23.8% 22.7% 23.1% 23.8% Property Index Offense Counts Property index offenses capture crimes where the object of the offense is the taking of money or property, but without force or the threat of force. Arson is included in this category because it is primarily the destruction of property, even though the offense can include the harming of individuals. From 2002 to 2012, the number of property index offenses reported to law enforcement agencies in Gila County has generally declined (Figure 11). Even with increases in the number of property index offenses reported to the police from 2004 to 2005, 2008 to 2009, and 2010 to 2011, overall, from 2002 to 2012 the number of property index offenses reported to Gila County law enforcement agencies decreased by 49.4 percent. Figure 11: Reported Property Index Offense Gila County, 2002-2012 Figure 11: Reported Property Index Offenses Gila County, 2002-2012 2,000 1,800 1,600 1,400 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 Gila County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 1,802 1,679 1,626 1,744 1,513 1,223 839 1,110 1,094 1,159 912 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 23 Property Index Offense Rates From 2002 to 2012, Gila County’s property index offense rate declined by 41.1 percent, from 3,500.5 property index offenses per 100,000 residents in 2002 to 1,716.1 per 100,00 in 2012 (Figure 12). Throughout the time period examined, the Gila County rate was lower than the Arizona rate. Figure 12: Reported Property Index Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 12: Reported Property Index Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Gila 3,500.5 3,270.5 3,162.0 3,376.2 2,879.7 2,296.6 1,570.1 2,072.4 2,042.2 2,180.9 1,716.1 County Arizona 5,826.2 5,639.9 5,365.1 4,781.9 4,672.1 4,492.0 4,173.8 3,651.7 3,530.4 3,511.1 3,433.3 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 Property Crime Index Offenses Like violent index offense counts and rates, property index offense counts and rates provide criminal justice policymakers and practitioners with objective data on specific property crimes. But also like the violent offense index, combining multiple property offenses into a single index can mask significant variation in the types of property crimes being reported to Gila County law enforcement agencies. In this section of the Gila County Criminal Justice Data Profile, the four offenses that comprise the property index offenses (burglary, larceny/theft, motor vehicle theft, and arson) and their respective trends over time are reported. 24 Burglary The UCR program defines burglary “as the unlawful entry of a structure to commit a felony or theft.” Within this offense category there are three types of burglaries that are a function of how the offender entered or attempted to enter the structure: forcible entry, unlawful entry where no force is used, and attempted forcible entry.9 The number of burglaries reported to Gila County law enforcement agencies decreased by 56.7 percent from 2002 to 2008, even with a one year increase in the number of burglaries from 2004 to 2005 (Figure 13). From 2008 to 2012 the number of burglaries reported to Gila County law enforcement agencies has remained relatively stable. Figure 13: Reported Burglaries Gila County, 2002-2012 Figure 13: Reported Burglaries Gila County, 2002-2012 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 Gila County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 573 534 507 579 485 365 248 262 245 283 252 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 9 http://www2.fbi.gov/ucr/cius2009/offenses/property_crime/burglary.html 25 The reported burglary offense rate in Gila County declined by 57.4 percent from 2002 to 2008, but remained relatively stable from 2008 to 2012 (Figure 14). From 2002 to 2006, the reported burglary rate for Gila County was at or above the burglary rate for the state as a whole. Since 2007, the Gila County reported burglary rate has remained lower than the Arizona reported burglary rate. Figure 14: Reported Burglary Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 14: Reported Burglary Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 1,113.1 1,040.2 985.9 1,120.9 923.1 685.4 464.1 489.2 457.4 532.5 474.2 Arizona 1,073.4 1,042.6 986.2 919.9 913.8 905.3 890.9 815.7 751.0 804.6 768.5 Gila County Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 26 Larceny-Theft Larceny-theft is “the unlawful taking, carrying, leading, or riding away of property from the possession or constructive possession of another.”10 The types of thefts that are captured in this category include thefts of bicycles, motor vehicle parts and accessories, shoplifting, and pocket-picking. Although attempted larcenies and thefts are included in this offense category, property taken by force and violence or fraud is not. Additionally, motor vehicle theft is not included in this category as it is its own property index offense. From 2002 to 2012, the number of larceny-thefts reported to law enforcement in Gila County has declined by 46.5 percent (Figure 15). From 2002 to 2008 the reported larceny-theft rate declined by 55.6 percent. Since 2008, the number of reported larceny-thefts in Gila County has increased but remained well below the number of larceny-thefts reported to the police earlier during the time period examined. Figure 15: Reported Larceny/Thefts Gila County, 2002-2012 Figure 15: Reported Larceny/Thefts Gila County, 2002-2012 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 Gila County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 1,095 1,016 993 1,026 908 728 486 781 778 796 586 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 10 http://www2.fbi.gov/ucr/cius2009/offenses/property_crime/larceny-theft.html 27 The rate of reported larceny-theft in Gila County generally declined from 2002 to 2012 (Figure 16). The net decline in the reported larceny-theft rate from 2002 to 2012 was 48.2 percent, even with three year-to-year increases in the larceny-theft rate. During the entire period examined, Gila County’s larceny-theft rate was lower than Arizona’s rate. Figure 16: Reported Larceny-Theft Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 16: Reported Larceny-Theft Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Gila 2,127.1 1,979.1 1,931.0 1,986.3 1,728.2 1,367.1 County 2008 909.5 2009 2010 2011 2012 1,458.2 1,452.3 1,497.8 1,102.7 Arizona 3,666.1 3,548.6 3,387.5 2,920.2 2,835.0 2,791.8 2,665.2 2,413.2 2,443.6 2,401.0 2,376.2 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 28 Motor Vehicle Theft Motor vehicle theft is defined in the Uniform Crime Reporting program as “the theft or attempted theft of a motor vehicle.”11 The types of motor vehicles that are included in this category are only those that operate on land including sport utility vehicles, automobiles, trucks, buses, motorcycles, motor scooters, all-terrain vehicles, and snowmobiles. Not captured in this category are bulldozers, airplanes, farm equipment, construction equipment, or watercraft such as motorboats, sailboats, houseboats, or jet skis. From 2002 to 2012, the number of motor vehicle thefts reported to Gila County law enforcement agencies decreased by 49.1 percent (Figure 17). The significant decline in the number of motor vehicle thefts reported to the police was achieved even with three year-to-year increases from 2002 to 2003, 2004 to 2005, and 2010 to 2011. Figure 17: Reported Motor Vehicle Thefts Gila County, 2002-2012 Figure 17: Reported Motor Vehicle Thefts Gila County, 2002-2012 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Gila County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 108 113 108 124 103 95 86 59 54 71 55 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 11 http://www2.fbi.gov/ucr/cius2009/offenses/property_crime/motor_vehicle_theft.html 29 Gila County’s motor vehicle theft rate decreased by 50.7 percent from 2002 to 2012 and remained well below the motor vehicle theft rate for the state even though the state rate decreased by 74.6 percent during the same time (Figure 18). In 2002, Gila County had 209.8 motor vehicle thefts per 100,000 residents and Arizona had 1,054.0. By 2012, the rates had converged with Gila County experiencing 103.5 motor vehicle thefts per 100,000 residents and Arizona having 267.5. Figure 18: Reported Motor Vehicle Theft Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 18: Reported Motor Vehicle Theft Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 Gila County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 209.8 220.1 210.0 240.1 196.0 178.4 160.9 110.2 100.8 133.6 103.5 964.5 912.7 892.1 766.1 587.9 395.1 315.7 286.0 267.5 Arizona 1,054.0 1,020.3 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 30 Arson Arson is defined by the Uniform Crime Reporting Program as, “any willful or malicious burning or attempting to burn, with or without intent to defraud, a dwelling house, public building, motor vehicle or aircraft, personal property of another, etc.”12 From 2002 to 2012, there was significant year-to-year variation in the number of arsons reported to law enforcement agencies in Gila County (Figure 19). During the time period examined, the number of reported arsons in Gila County ranged from a low of eight in 2009 to a high of 35 in 2007. Figure 19: Reported Arsons Gila County, 2002-2012 Figure 19: Reported Arsons Gila County, 2002-2012 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Gila County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 26 16 18 15 17 35 19 8 17 9 19 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 12 http://www2.fbi.gov/ucr/cius2009/offenses/property_crime/arson.html 31 The reported arson rate in Gila County also experienced significant year-to-year variation from 2002 to 2012 (Figure 20). During the time period examined, the Gila County reported arson rate ranged from a low of 14.9 arsons per 100,000 residents in the population of the county, to a high of 65.7 arsons per 100,000 in 2007. The Gila County reported arson rate was higher than the Arizona rate each year except for 2005, 2009, and 2011. Figure 20: Reported Arson Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 20: Reported Arson Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Gila County 50.5 31.2 35.0 29.0 32.4 65.7 35.6 14.9 31.7 16.9 35.8 Arizona 32.7 28.4 27.0 29.2 31.2 28.8 29.8 27.8 20.0 19.5 21.1 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 32 Summary In states like Arizona, whose population continues to grow at a rapid pace, it is important that an analysis of crime and the criminal justice systems response includes a consideration of both the frequency of crime and the rate of crime. Although the population of Gila County is growing more slowly than the population of the state as a whole, there is still significant value in investigating change at the county level in the frequency of crime and in the rate of crime. From 2002 to 2012, the number of violent crime index offenses reported to Gila County law enforcement agencies decreased by 53.4 percent (Figure 21). Although the number of forcible rapes and aggravated assaults both decreased during the time period examined, the number of robberies reported to the police increased by 37.5 percent from 8 robberies in 2002 to 11 robberies in 2012. The number of property index offenses reported to the Gila County law enforcement agencies also decreased from 2002 to 2012. The number of property index offenses reported to law enforcement agencies in Gila County decreased by 49.4 percent from 2002 to 2012. The number of property crimes reported to the police decreased during this time for all four offense types that make up the property crime index. Figure 21: Percent Change in Index Offense Counts Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 21: Percent Change in Index Offense Counts Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 60% 40% 20% 0% -20% Violent Crime Murder Forcible Rape Robbery Aggravated Assault Property Crime Burglary -40% -60% -80% Gila County Arizona Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 33 Larceny Theft Motor Vehicle Theft Arson When controlling for the population of Gila County, the change over time in the rate of violent and property crime in Gila County is very similar to the change over time in the frequency of violent and property crime (Figure 22). From 2002 to 2012, the violent crime rate for Gila County decreased by 54.9 percent. Similar to the analysis of the frequency of violent crime by type of violent offense reported to law enforcement agencies in Gila County, the rate of all violent crime types reported to law enforcement agencies in Gila County decreased from 2002 to 2012 except for robbery. From 2002 to 2012, the property index offense rate for Gila County declined by 51.0 percent overall and decreased in each of the property crime index offense types. Figure 22: Percent Change in Index Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 22: Percent Change in Index Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 40% 20% 0% -20% Violent Crime Murder Forcible Rape Robbery Aggravated Assault Property Crime Burglary -40% -60% -80% -100% Gila County Arizona Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 34 Larceny Theft Motor Vehicle Theft Arson Part II Arrest Counts and Rates In addition to data on the eight Part I index offenses that comprise the violent and property indices, DPS also collects information from local law enforcement agencies on arrests for Part II offenses. Part II offenses are typically less serious than Part I offenses and include a range of offenses from simple assault to illegal gambling (see appendix A for a complete list of Part II offenses). In this section of the Gila County Criminal Justice Data Profile, Part II offense arrests from 2002 to 2012 are summarized. Offenses for which there were less than 10 arrests during the entire period examined (e.g., manslaughter by negligence, embezzlement, prostitution, gambling, vagrancy, curfew, loitering) were not analyzed separately in this report. From 2002 to 2012, arrests in Gila County for Part II offenses decreased by 44.8 percent (Figure 23). From 2002 to 2009 the number of arrests ranged from a low of 2,985 in 2008 to a high of 3,927 in 2009, before decreasing by 44.9 percent from 3,972 arrests in 2009 to 2,162 arrests in 2012. Figure 23: Part II Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 Figure 23: Part II Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 4,500 4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 Gila County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 3,920 3,347 3,529 3,655 3,735 3,486 2,985 3,927 3,047 2,888 2,162 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 35 When controlling for the population of Gila County and change in the population over time, the Part II offense arrest rate generally declined from 2002 to 2012 (Figure 24). Although there were increases in the Part II offense arrest rate from 2003 to 2006 and from 2008 to 2009 during the entire time period examined, the Gila County Part II offense arrest rate decreased by 46.6 percent from 2002 to 2012. In 2012, the Gila County Part II offense arrest rate was lower than the Arizona rate for the only time during the period. Figure 24: Part II Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Crime Rate per 100,000 Residents Figure 24: Part II Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Gila 7,614.9 6,519.7 6,862.7 7,075.8 7,108.7 6,546.2 5,586.0 7,331.8 5,688.0 5,434.3 4,068.2 County Arizona 4,740.3 4,766.0 4,751.4 4,455.8 4,475.0 4,566.6 4,547.0 4,519.4 4,042.8 3,771.5 4,267.8 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 36 Simple Assaults From 2002 to 2012, the number of arrests by Gila County law enforcement agencies for simple assault decreased by 64.9 percent (Figure 25). Even though the number of simple assault arrests increased in from 2003 to 2004, 2005 to 2006, and 2008 to 2009, overall the number of arrests for simple assault decreased from 425 arrests in 2002 to 149 in 2012. Figure 25: Simple Assault Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 Figure 25: Simple Assault Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Gila County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 425 330 383 353 393 271 187 295 277 212 149 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 37 The simple assault arrest rate for Gila County declined by 66.0 percent from 2002 to 2012 (Figure 26). During the time period examined, Gila County’s simple assault arrest rate was higher than the rate for the state each year except for 2008 and 2012. Figure 26: Simple Assaults Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 26: Simple Assaults Offense Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Gila County 825.6 642.8 744.8 683.4 748.0 508.9 349.9 550.8 517.1 398.9 280.4 Arizona 449.1 430.9 418.1 409.6 418.0 408.4 413.3 438.0 406.0 384.8 384.7 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 38 Forgery and Counterfeiting From 2002 to 2012, the number of arrests for forgery and counterfeiting made by Gila County law enforcement agencies declined by 66.7 percent from 18 arrests in 2002 to six arrests in 2012 (Figure 27). This decrease occurred even with a large year-to-year increase in the number of arrests from 2004 to 2005 and another increase from 2007 to 2009. Figure 27: Forgery and Counterfeiting Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 Figure 27: Forgery and Counterfeiting Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Gila County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 18 18 16 45 27 18 21 23 17 8 6 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 39 The forgery and counterfeiting arrest rate in Gila County decreased by 67.7 percent from 2002 to 2012 (Figure 28). Much like the trend in the number of arrests, the rate increased sharply from 2004 to 2005 and from 2007 to 2009. Arizona’s rate declined by 53.1 percent from 2002 to 2012. During the entire time period examined, Gila County’s forgery and counterfeiting arrest rate was lower than the state rate except for in 2005 and 2009. Figure 28: Forgery and Counterfeiting Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 28: Forgery and Counterfeiting Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Gila County 35.0 35.1 31.1 87.1 51.4 33.8 39.3 42.9 31.7 15.1 11.3 Arizona 54.5 51.6 55.6 48.1 52.1 72.5 51.3 38.3 30.8 28.6 25.6 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 40 Fraud From 2002 to 2012, the number of arrests for fraud in Gila County declined by 78.9 percent from 57 arrests in 2002 to 12 arrests in 2012 (Figure 29). The number of fraud arrests declined each year except for 2007 to 2009 and from 2010 to 2011. Figure 29: Fraud Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 Figure 29: Fraud Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Gila County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 57 38 38 37 28 21 28 38 17 25 12 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 41 The Gila County fraud arrest rate declined by 79.6 percent from 2002 to 2012 (Figure 30). During this period the Gila County fraud arrest rate was higher than the state every year except for 2010 and 2012. Figure 30: Fraud Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 30: Fraud Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Gila County 110.7 74.0 73.9 71.6 53.3 39.4 52.4 70.9 31.7 47.0 22.6 Arizona 38.6 40.9 41.1 34.7 34.7 33.0 37.7 35.6 33.0 33.7 35.9 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 42 Stolen Property There was significant year-to-year change in the number of arrests for possession of stolen property in Gila County. Overall, the number of arrests for stolen property increased from 10 to 16 from 2002 to 2012 (Figure 31). The number of stolen property arrests in Gila County ranged from a low of eight in 2007 to a high of 20 in 2010. Figure 31: Stolen Property Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 Figure 31: Stolen Property Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 25 20 15 10 5 0 Gila County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 10 15 12 11 14 8 15 11 20 15 16 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 43 From 2002 to 2012, there was also significant variation in the Gila County stolen property arrest rate. Even with the year-to-year variation in the Gila County stolen property arrest rate, overall it increased by 55.0 percent (Figure 32). In contrast, Arizona’s rate declined by 35.5 percent during the same period. Since 2008, Gila County’s stolen property arrest rate has been greater than Arizona’s stolen property arrest rate. Figure 32: Stolen Property Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 32: Stolen Property Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Gila County 19.4 29.2 23.3 21.3 26.6 15.0 28.1 20.5 37.3 28.2 30.1 Arizona 30.9 29.5 26.1 28.2 24.0 21.3 20.5 19.5 18.4 19.5 19.9 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 44 Vandalism From 2002 to 2012, the number of arrests for vandalism in Gila County decreased by 50.5 percent (Figure 33). The number of vandalism arrests generally declined from 2002 to 2008 when the number fell from 107 arrests in 2002 to 57 arrests in 2008. From 2008 to 2009, the number rose to 122 arrests, but then declined again ending the period in 2012 with 53 arrests. Figure 33: Vandalism Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 Figure 33: Vandalism Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Gila County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 107 91 100 109 102 81 57 122 91 95 53 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 45 From 2002 to 2012, the arrest rate for vandalism in Gila County decreased by 52.0 percent (Figure 34). The rate declined generally from 2002 to 2008 before significantly increasing from 2008 to 2009. From 2009 to 2012, the rate decreased again to a time period low of 99.7 arrests per 100,000 residents in the population of Gila County. From 2002 to 2006, the Gila County vandalism arrest rate was higher than the rate for the state as a whole, but since 2006 Gila County’s rate has dropped below the state rate except for in 2009 and 2011. Figure 34: Vandalism Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 34: Vandalism Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 250 200 150 100 50 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Gila County 207.9 177.3 194.5 211.0 194.1 152.1 106.7 227.8 169.9 178.8 99.7 Arizona 172.7 174.5 177.5 178.7 187.1 190.4 186.8 195.9 180.5 176.2 170.5 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 46 Weapons The number of weapons arrests in Gila County decreased from 34 in 2002 to 14 in 2012 (Figure 35). The number of arrests generally increased from 2002 to 2006 when it reached a high for the period of 58 arrests. The number of arrests then generally declined to a period low of 14 arrests in 2012. Figure 35: Weapons Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 Figure 35: Weapons Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Gila County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 34 28 45 36 58 39 32 43 23 15 14 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 47 There was considering year-to-year variation from 2002 to 2012 in the Gila County weapons arrest rate (Figure 36). Even with this variation, the Gila County weapons arrest rate generally increased from 2002 to 2006 and generally decreased from 2006 to 2012. Overall, the Gila County rate declined by 60.1 percent from 66.0 arrests per 100,000 residents in 2002 to 26.3 arrests per 100,000 in 2012. During most of the time period examined, the Gila County weapons arrest rate was higher than the rate for the state. Figure 36: Weapons Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 36: Weapons Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Gila County 66.0 54.5 87.5 69.7 110.4 73.2 59.9 80.3 42.9 28.2 26.3 Arizona 56.0 57.8 59.7 58.0 61.9 60.6 58.7 50.7 43.5 38.0 35.8 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 48 Sex Offenses From 2002 to 2012, the number of sex offense arrests made by Gila County law enforcement agencies varied considerably (Figure 37). During this time, the number of sex offense arrests made by Gila County law enforcement ranged from a high of 42 arrests in 2004 to a low of nine arrests in 2012. Figure 37: Sex Offense Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 Figure 37: Sex Offense Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Gila County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 38 21 42 25 18 24 18 35 16 20 9 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 49 From 2002 to 2012, the Gila County sex offense arrest rate varied considerably (Figure 38). Even though the Gila County sex offense arrest rate in 2012 was 77.1 percent lower than in 2002, there was significant year-to-year variation in the sex offense arrest rate. During this time, the Gila County sex offense arrest rate was higher than the state rate each year except for in 2012. Figure 38: Sex Offense Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 38: Sex Offense Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Gila County 73.8 40.9 81.7 48.4 34.3 45.1 33.7 65.3 29.9 37.6 16.9 Arizona 34.8 33.0 33.8 30.5 25.3 28.0 28.4 30.3 26.2 26.9 28.3 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 50 Sale or Manufacturing of Drugs From 2002 to 2009, the number of arrests for sale or manufacturing of drugs in Gila County increased more than four-fold from 22 arrests in 2002 to 97 arrests in 2009 (Figure 39). Since 2009, the number of arrests for the sale or manufacturing of drugs in Gila County has generally decreased, but in 2012 there were still more than twice the number of arrests for the sale or manufacturing of drugs than in 2002. Figure 39: Sale or Manufacturing of Drugs Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 Figure 39: Sale or Manufacturing of Drugs Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Gila County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 22 17 53 52 72 91 88 97 57 37 54 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 51 From 2002 to 2009, Gila County’s drug sale or manufacture arrest rate increased by more than four times, from 42.7 arrests per 100,000 residents in 2002 to 181.1 arrests per 100,000 in 2009 (Figure 40). From 2009 to 2012 the Gila County drug sale or manufacturing arrest rate decreased by 43.9 percent. From 2004 to 2012, the Gila drug sale or manufacture arrest rate was higher than the rate for the state. Figure 40: Drug Sale or Manufacturing Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 40: Drug Sale or Manufacturing Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Gila County 42.7 33.1 103.1 100.7 137.0 170.9 164.7 181.1 106.4 69.6 101.6 Arizona 93.9 100.2 86.3 69.4 76.4 81.3 70.1 70.6 65.0 66.9 57.6 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 52 Possession of Drugs From 2002 to 2009 the number of drug possession arrests in Gila County generally increased by 96.9 percent (Figure 41). From 2009 to 2012 the rate decreased by 54.3 percent, ending the time period examined 9.9 percent lower than in 2002. Figure 41: Drug Possession Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 Figure 41: Drug Possession Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Gila County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 161 131 202 145 183 254 200 317 204 199 145 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 53 From 2002 to 2009, the drug possession arrest rate in Gila County increased by 89.2 percent (Figure 42). From 2009 to 2012 the rate declined by 53.9 percent. During the entire time period examined, Gila County’s drug possession arrest rate was lower than the state rate except for in 2009. Figure 42: Drug Possession Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 42: Drug Possession Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Gila County 312.8 255.2 392.8 280.7 348.3 477.0 374.3 591.8 380.8 374.5 272.8 Arizona 461.1 505.7 553.6 552.3 519.0 503.2 478.1 489.9 433.2 419.8 383.9 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 54 Offenses against Family/Children From 2002 to 2012, the number of arrests for offenses against family/children made by Gila County law enforcement agencies increased from 204 arrests in 2002 to 338 arrests in 2012 (Figure 43). During the time period examined, the number of arrests for offenses against family/children ranged from a low of 190 arrests in 2004 to 465 arrests in 2009. Figure 43: Offenses Against Family/Children Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 Figure 43: Offenses Against Family/Children Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Gila County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 204 206 190 264 317 333 334 465 309 366 338 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 55 From 2002 to 2012, the Gila County offenses against family/children arrest rate increased 60.5 percent, from 396.3 arrests per 100,000 residents to 636.0 arrests per 100,000 (Figure 44). During this same time, the state offenses against children/family arrest rate decreased by 9.7 percent, from 53.4 arrests per 100,000 residents of Arizona in 2002 to 48.2 arrests per 100,000 in 2012. During the entire time period examined, Gila County’s offenses against children/family arrest rate was higher than the rate for the state. Figure 44: Offenses Against Family/Children Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 44: Offenses Against Family/Children Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 1,000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Gila County 396.3 401.3 369.5 511.1 603.3 625.3 625.0 868.2 576.8 688.7 636.0 Arizona 53.4 60.8 58.0 63.5 56.6 57.5 50.2 47.9 41.9 43.0 48.2 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 56 Driving Under the Influence (DUI) From 2002 to 2012, the number of arrests for DUI made by Gila County law enforcement agencies decreased by 45.5 percent, from 253 arrests in 2002 to 138 arrests in 2012 (Figure 45). From 2007 to 2010, there was significant year-to-year variation in the number of DUI arrests and in 2009 a time period high of 314 DUI arrests was reached. From 2009 to 2012, the number of DUI arrests made by Gila County law enforcement agencies decreased to a time period low of 138 in 2012. Figure 45: DUI Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 Figure 45: DUI Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Gila County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 253 249 216 196 236 285 185 314 212 173 138 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 57 The overall trends in the DUI arrest rate for Gila County and Arizona are somewhat comparable (Figure 46). From 2002 to 2012, the Gila County’s DUI arrest rate decreased by 47.2 percent while the rate for the state decreased 34.9 percent during the same time. During the entire time period examined, Gila County’s DUI arrest rate was lower than the rate for the state. Figure 46: DUI Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 46: DUI Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 491.5 485.0 420.0 379.4 449.2 535.2 346.2 586.2 395.8 325.5 259.7 Arizona 773.7 717.5 679.3 605.8 595.1 637.3 636.8 627.8 592.2 553.9 503.4 Gila County Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 58 Liquor Law Violations From 2002 to 2012, the number of arrests in Gila County for liquor law violations declined by 81.9 percent (Figure 47). During the time period examined, the number of arrests in Gila County for liquor law violations ranged from a high of 320 arrests in 2002 to a low of 58 arrests in 2012. Figure 47: Liquor Law Violation Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 Figure 47: Liquor Law Violation Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Gila County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 320 211 200 282 219 229 156 236 151 128 58 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 59 Similar to the decrease in the number of arrests for liquor law violations, the Gila County liquor law violation arrest rate decreased by 82.4 percent from 621.6 arrests per 100,000 residents of the county in 2002 to 109.1 arrests per 100,000 in 2012 (Figure 48). Although Gila County’s liquor law violation arrest rate was higher than the state rate at the beginning of the time period examined, from 2007 to 2012, the Gila County rate was lower than the rate for the state. Figure 48: Liquor Law Violations Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 48: Liquor Law Violations Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Gila County 621.6 411.0 388.9 545.9 416.8 430.0 291.9 440.6 281.9 240.9 109.1 Arizona 469.8 460.0 430.5 384.5 418.4 455.6 483.2 481.9 397.5 345.7 313.7 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 60 Disorderly Conduct From 2002 to 2012, the number of arrests made by Gila County law enforcement agencies for disorderly conduct decreased by 53.0 percent (Figure 49). The number of disorderly conduct arrests ranged from a high of 492 in 2002 to a low of 205 in 2008. Figure 49: Disorderly Conduct Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 Figure 49: Disorderly Conduct Arrests Gila County, 2002-2012 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 Gila County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 492 431 478 428 435 370 205 393 353 338 231 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 61 With the exception of two year-to-year increases from 2003 to 2004 and 2008 to 2009, the Gila County disorderly conduct arrest rate consistently decreased from 2002 to 2012 (Figure 50). During the time period examined, the Gila County disorderly conduct arrest rate fell 54.5 percent, from 955.7 arrests per 100,000 residents in 2002 to 434.7 arrests per 100,000 in 2012. Even with the large decrease in the Gila County disorderly conduct rate, Gila County’s rate was higher than the rate for the state during the entire time period examined. Figure 50: Disorderly Conduct Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Figure 50: Disorderly Conduct Arrest Rates Gila County and Arizona, 2002-2012 Rate per 100,000 Residents 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Gila County 955.7 839.6 929.5 828.6 827.9 694.8 383.6 733.7 659.0 636.0 434.7 Arizona 319.6 315.8 308.6 291.2 294.0 283.4 293.0 302.4 279.0 272.7 249.8 Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona, 2002-2012 62 Court and Probation Data The judicial system in Arizona is large and complex. It consists of a series of courts, which include appellate courts, superior courts, justice courts, and municipal courts and an array of support services, which assist the court in the processing of cases. In this section of the Gila County criminal justice profile, data from the county’s superior court, justice court, and municipal courts for the years 2002 through 2012 are summarized. Superior Court From 2002 to 2012, the number of cases filed in Gila County Superior Court decreased by 19.9 percent (Table 5). In contrast, the number of cases filed in Superior Courts statewide increased by 16.3 percent during the same time. Table 5: Total Filings in Superior Court, FY2002-FY2012 Table 5: Total Filings in Superior Court, FY2002 – FY2012 Gila County Arizona 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 % % Change Change 07-12 02-12 2,267 2,353 2,358 2,338 1,976 2,210 2,185 2,034 1,989 2,090 1,816 -17.8% -19.9% 0.0% +16.3% 181,680 192,129 204,681 205,516 208,847 211,380 223,676 243,867 243,179 235,386 211,350 From 2002 to 2012, the number of felony filings in Gila County Superior Court decreased 27.6 percent (Table 6). In contrast, during this time the number of felony filings in Superior Courts statewide has increased by 11.3 percent. Table 6: Total Felony Filings in Superior Court, FY2002-FY2012 Table 6: Total Felony Filings in Superior Court, FY2002 – FY2012 Gila County Arizona 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 803 822 650 766 638 717 733 627 633 592 % % 2012 Change Change 07-12 02-12 581 45,332 50,884 54,420 54,426 57,885 57,551 59,385 55,299 50,446 49,166 50,456 63 -19.0% -27.6% -12.3% +11.3% Justice Courts From 2002 to 2012, the total number of cases filed in Gila County Justice Courts decreased by 41.1 percent (Table 7). During this time, criminal traffic filings in Gila County Justice Courts decreased by 41.4 percent, non-traffic misdemeanors decreased by 37.4 percent, and felony filings decreased by 80.5 percent. In contrast, from 2002 to 2012 total filings in Arizona’s Justice Courts decreased by 10.0 percent, with criminal traffic filings decreasing by 1.9 percent, non-traffic misdemeanors by 26.0 percent, and felony filings by 46.3 percent during the same time. Table 7: Total Justice Court Case Filings, FY2002-FY2012 Table 7: Total Justice Court Case Filings, FY2002 – FY201213 Gila County Arizona % % Change Change 07-12 02-12 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 1,413 1,448 1,407 1,328 1,550 1,422 1,254 1,496 1,376 1,045 828 -41.8% -41.4% 3,248 2,604 1,957 2,255 2,657 2,360 2,372 2,062 2,345 1,906 2,032 -13.9% -37.4% Felony 436 430 156 209 109 105 86 98 79 119 85 -19.0% -80.5% Total 18,603 14,372 15,186 15,480 15,402 14,337 12,777 16,390 16,721 13,360 10,953 -23.6% -41.1% -33.7% -1.9% -24.8% -26.0% -22.9% -46.3% 876,940 862,413 848,721 856,153 885,441 916,666 923,992 935,155 912,510 828,446 789,300 -13.9% -10.0% Criminal Traffic Non-Traffic Misd. Criminal 98,607 104,974 105,277 109,946 122,095 145,849 139,367 134,327 117,978 101489 96,692 Traffic Non-Traffic 121,428 122,891 116,582 115,695 127,437 119,400 116,382 106,549 97,752 95,531 89,803 Misd. Felony Total 39,112 26,209 27,008 27,117 27,869 27,250 13 24,149 22,597 20,646 19,422 20,998 Civil traffic cases and non-criminal ordinance violations (e.g., parking tickets) are also included in the total case filings column of this table. Because the purpose of this report is to describe crime trends, only criminal traffic and non-traffic misdemeanor filings are reported separately from the other case types filed in Justice Courts. 64 Municipal Courts The number of cases filed in Gila County Municipal Courts has increased more than fivefold from 2002 to 2012 (Table 8). This large increase is primarily a function of increases in civil filings (e.g., civil traffic, small claims, forcible detainer, etc.) and non-criminal violations of local ordinances. In contrast, the number of criminal traffic and non-traffic misdemeanor cases filed in Gila County Municipal Courts decreased from 2002 to 2012 by 66.9 percent and 5.8 percent, respectively. The number of cases filed in Municipal Courts statewide decreased by 7.9 percent from 2002 to 2012, with criminal traffic and non-traffic misdemeanors decreasing by 23.0 percent and 4.7 percent, respectively, during this same time. Table 8: Municipal Court Case Filings, FY2002-FY2012 Table 8: Municipal Court Case Filings, FY2002 – FY201214 Criminal Traffic NonTraffic Misd. Gila County Total Criminal Traffic NonTraffic Misd. Arizona Total 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 % Change 07-12 % Change 02-12 749 739 850 835 872 740 714 600 553 421 248 -66.5% -66.9% 895 979 950 922 1,020 1,135 1,098 1,120 1,239 918 843 -25.7% -5.8% 6,285 6,672 8,680 7,257 7,589 7,411 17,592 24,931 24,458 21,800 36,128 157,274 168,537 173,246 172,825 171,258 179,625 178,786 168,933 160,073 136,062 121,061 -32.6% -23.0% 219,166 233,507 234,139 238,156 237,418 242,080 243,032 244,990 240,481 215,392 208,879 -13.7% -4.7% -18.3% -7.9% 1,360,306 1,468,863 1,439,452 1,469,243 1,451,725 1,532,792 1,658,230 1,557,948 1,436,526 1,306,239 1,253,047 14 +387.5% +474.8% Civil traffic cases and non-criminal ordinance violations (e.g., parking tickets) are also included in the total case filings column of this table. Because the purpose of the report is to describe crime trends, only criminal traffic and non-traffic misdemeanor filings are reported separately from the other case types filed in Municipal Court. 65 Probation The information provided in this section of the Gila County Criminal Justice Data Profile focuses on adult offenders on standard and intensive probation and reflects the number of probationers on the last day of the fiscal year. It is also important to note that the numbers included in this section’s tables and figures are cumulative totals; in other words, the number of probationers reported in these data are not only those sentenced to probation during that year, but also include those currently under probation supervision at the end of each fiscal year irrespective of when they were sentenced to probation. Adult Standard Probation The purpose of standard probation in Arizona is to protect the public through effective community-based supervision and enforcement of court orders and to provide offenders opportunities to initiate positive changes in their lives. Standard probation is a less restrictive form of probation than intensive probation and those placed on this type of supervision are deemed to be at lower risk for re-offending than those on intensive probation. Minimum supervision requirements of standard probationers are set by A.R.S. § 12- 253(2) and vary according to supervision level (i.e., maximum, medium, and minimum). Each probation department also has the authority to implement more stringent supervision requirements than are established by state statute. From 2002 to 2012, the number of standard probationers under direct supervision in Gila County decreased by 21.3 percent (Table 9). In contrast, the number of standard probationers under direct supervision statewide increased 0.4 percent. Table 9: Standard Probationers Under Direct Supervision in Gila County and Arizona, FY2002-FY2012 Table 9: Number of Standard Probationers Under Direct Supervision in Gila County and Arizona, FY2002 – FY2012 Gila County 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 % Change 07-12 % Change 02-12 567 539 528 550 494 464 424 494 458 444 446 -3.9% -21.3% -7.6% +0.4% Arizona 35,509 33,071 33,880 34,229 37,105 38,585 37,035 36,120 37,802 35,947 35,666 66 Restitution and Community Service Two of the most common conditions placed on probationers are restitution and community service. These conditions require probationers to repay the financial harm they have caused their victims (i.e., restitution) and engage in service to the communities in which they live (i.e., community service). From 2002 to 2012, $806,459 in restitution was collected from offenders on standard probation in Gila County (Table 10). In the years in which restitution data was published by the Administrative Office of the Courts, the amount of restitution collected from standard probationers in Gila County ranged from a low of $56,487 in 2010 to a high of $106,105 in 2003. During the same time, $4,350,459 in restitution, reimbursement of criminal justice system costs, fines/surcharges, and probation fees were collected from offenders on standard probation in Gila County. In 2011 and 2012, no restitution was reported as being collected from standard probationers in Gila County. Table 10: Restitution Collected from Standard Probationers in Gila County, FY2002-FY2012 Table 10: Dollar Amount Collected from Standard Probationers in Gila County, FY2002 – FY2012 Restitution Total Collections* 2002 $102,874 $608,533 2003 $106,105 $574,962 2004 $93,649 $512,524 2005 $80,778 $446,525 2006 $89,268 $461,634 2007 $82,922 $458,055 2008 $93,694 $439,757 2009 $100,682 $571,216 2010 $56,487 $277,253 2011 $0 $0 2012 $0 $0 Total $806,459 $4,350,459 *Total collections include restitution to victims, reimbursement of criminal justice system costs, fines/surcharges, and probation fees paid. 67 From 2002 to 2012, the number of community service hours performed by standard probationers in Gila County ranged from a low of 8,617 hours in FY2010 to a high of 14,573 hours in FY2004. Overall, standard probationers in Gila County performed 104,568 hours of community service from 2002 to 2012, which at the minimum wage in Arizona at the time this report was written ($7.90/hour), totaled $826,087.20 worth of work performed. Community service hour data was not available for 2007 and 2008. Figure 51: Community Service Hours Completed by Standard Probationers in Gila County, FY2002-FY2012 Figure 51: Community Service Hours Completed by Standard Probationers in Gila County, FY2002 - FY2012 16,000 14,000 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 FY2002 FY2003 FY2004 FY2005 FY2006 FY2007 FY2008 FY2009 FY2010 FY2011 FY2012 Gila 13,791 County 12,703 14,573 12,217 10,022 68 10,389 12,527 8,617 9,729 Adult Intensive Probation Adult Intensive Probation Supervision is a sentencing alternative that provides a higher degree of control, intervention, and surveillance than standard probation to convicted offenders who would otherwise be incarcerated in the Arizona Department of Corrections, or as a result of a technical violation of standard probation. This type of probation provides intensive supervision through probation officer or surveillance officer teams of two or three persons. Intensive Probation requires supervision teams to have face-to-face contact with probationers a minimum of 4-16 times per month, depending on which phase of the program the probationer is in. As is the case with the supervision requirements of standard probationers, each county’s probation department has the authority to establish more stringent supervision requirements than are established by statute. From 2002 to 2012, the number of convicted offenders on intensive probation in Gila County generally declined (Table 11). During this time, the number of adult intensive probationers ranged from a low of 20 in 2012, to a high of 47 in 2004 and 2008. The number of intensive probationers statewide declined by 30.5 percent during the same time. Table 11: Intensive Probationers in Gila County and Arizona, FY2002-FY2012 Table 11: Number of Intensive Probationers in Gila County and Arizona, FY2002 – FY2012 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 % Change 07-12 % Change 02-12 Gila County 38 37 47 42 33 41 47 25 31 28 20 -51.2% -47.4% Arizona 3,085 2,400 2,923 3,011 2,879 2,677 2,496 2,283 2,077 2,152 2,143 -19.9% -30.5% 69 Restitution and Community Service From 2002 to 2012, $105,024 in restitution was collected from offenders on intensive probation in Gila County, ranging from a low of $2,220 collected in 2010 to a high of $16,777 in 2009 (Table 12). During this same time, $420,768 in restitution, reimbursement of criminal justice system costs, fines/surcharges, and probation fees were collected from intensive probationers supervised in Gila County. No collections data for Gila County probationers was available for 2011 and 2012. Table 12: Restitution Collected from Intensive Probationers in Gila County, FY2002-FY2012 Table 12: Dollar Amount Collected from Intensive Probationers in Gila County, FY2002 – FY2012 Restitution Total Collections* 2002 $11,496 $64,048 2003 $7,566 $39,283 2004 $27,735 $53,606 2005 $3,938 $23,628 2006 $10,625 $43,249 2007 $15,253 $60,433 2008 $9,414 $63,486 2009 $16,777 $56,696 2010 $2,220 $16,339 2011 $0 $0 2012 $0 $0 Total $105,024 $420,768 *Total collections include restitution to victims, reimbursement of criminal justice system costs, fines/surcharges, and probation fees paid. 70 From 2002 to 2012, the number of community service hours completed by convicted offenders on intensive probation in Gila County ranged from a low of 1,561 hours in 2012, to a high of 11,346 hours in 2002 (Figure 52). Overall, from 2002 to 2012 intensive probationers in Gila County performed 50,329 hours of community service, which at the minimum wage in Arizona at the time this report was written ($7.90/hour), totaled $397,599.10 of work performed. No community service hour data was available for 2007 and 2008. 15 Figure 52: Community Service Hours Completed by Intensive Probationers in Gila County, FY2002-FY2012 Figure 52: Community Service Hours Completed by Intensive Probationers in Gila County, FY2002 - FY2012 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 FY2002 Gila 11,346 County 15 FY2003 FY2004 FY2005 FY2006 7,359 7,051 4,874 5,821 FY2007 FY2008 FY2009 FY2010 FY2011 FY2012 4,921 4,397 2,999 1,561 The AOC did not include community service hour data in its 2007 and 2008 online data report. 71 Corrections Data The Arizona Department of Corrections (ADC) houses criminal offenders convicted of felonies in Arizona and sentenced to state confinement. The ADC also maintains separate sections for juveniles sentenced to prison by Arizona’s criminal courts. Currently, ADC is responsible for 10 prison complexes across Arizona. Additionally, the department utilizes and monitors six private prisons in Arizona. The number of individuals released from state prison to Gila County ranged from a low of 65 individuals in FY2002 to a high of 138 in FY2007 (Figure 53). Figure 53: Department of Corrections Releases in Gila County, 2002-2012 Figure 53: Department of Corrections Releases in Gila County, 2002-2012 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Gila County FY2002 FY2003 FY2004 FY2005 FY2006 FY2007 FY2008 FY2009 FY2010 FY2011 FY2012 65 80 99 116 112 138 129 108 112 134 95 72 Conclusion This inaugural edition of the Gila County Criminal Justice System Data Profile contains data for the period 2002 to 2012 from DPS on crimes reported to Gila County law enforcement agencies and arrests made by those agencies, data from the AOC on court and probation activity, and ADC data on inmates released to Gila County. Creating county criminal justice data profiles recognizes that much of the criminal justice system’s response to crime occurs at the county level (e.g., county attorneys, county probation, and county superior courts). The findings in this report reveal that the number of violent and property index offenses reported to local law enforcement in Gila County decreased between 2002 and 2012. The number of each violent and property crime type that make up the indices also decreased from 2002 to 2012, with the exception of robbery, which increased from eight reported robberies in 2002 to 11 in 2012. This report also examines changes in Gila County courts and probation data over the last decade. The number of cases filed in Gila County Superior Court decreased by 19.9 percent from 2002 to 2012, while the number of felony cases filed in Gila County Superior Court during this time decreased by 27.6 percent. At the same time the number of cases filed in Gila County Superior Court was decreasing, statewide the number of cases filed in Superior Courts statewide increased by 16.3 percent and the number of felony cases filed decreased by 11.3 percent. This time period also saw the total number of cases filed in Gila County Justice Courts decrease by 41.1 percent but the number of cases filed in Municipal Courts in Gila County increase five-fold. From 2002 to 2012, the number of individuals who are on standard or intensive probation in Gila County decreased by 21.3 percent and 47.4 percent, respectively. In contrast, the number of individuals on standard probation statewide increased by 0.4 percent, while the number of individuals on intensive probation statewide decreased by 30.5 percent. The number of individuals released from ADC facilities to Gila County increased from 65 individuals in FY2002 to 95 in FY2012. Overall, the number of individuals released from an ADC facility to Gila County ranged from a low of 65 in FY2002 to a high of 138 in FY2007. Having data on the activities of the criminal justice system at the county level can help county and municipal agencies better understand the short and long term trends in crime and the criminal justice system’s response and inform policy and practice in their jurisdiction. Although it is impossible to include every piece of data relevant to the work of the Gila County criminal justice system, The Gila County Criminal Justice Data Profile provides the foundational data necessary to implement data-driven strategic planning, decision making, and evidence-based practice. 73 Appendix A- Part II Offenses Other assaults (simple) ― Assaults and attempted assaults which are not of an aggravated nature and do not result in serious injury to the victim. Forgery and counterfeiting ― The altering, copying, or imitating of something, without authority or right, with the intent to deceive or defraud by passing the copy or thing altered or imitated as that which is original or genuine; or the selling, buying, or possession of an altered, copied, or imitated thing with the intent to deceive or defraud. Attempts are included. Fraud ― The intentional perversion of the truth for the purpose of inducing another person or other entity in reliance upon it to part with something of value or to surrender a legal right. Fraudulent conversion and obtaining of money or property by false pretenses. Confidence games and bad checks, except forgeries and counterfeiting, are included. Embezzlement ― The unlawful misappropriation or misapplication by an offender to his/her own use or purpose of money, property, or some other thing of value entrusted to his/her care, custody, or control. Stolen property; buying, receiving, possessing ― Buying, receiving, possessing, selling, concealing, or transporting any property with the knowledge that it has been unlawfully taken, as by burglary, embezzlement, fraud, larceny, robbery, etc. Attempts are included. Vandalism ― To willfully or maliciously destroy, injure, disfigure, or deface any public or private property, real or personal, without the consent of the owner or person having custody or control by cutting, tearing, breaking, marking, painting, drawing, covering with filth, or any other such means as may be specified by local law. Attempts are included. Weapons; carrying, possessing, etc. ― The violation of laws or ordinances prohibiting the manufacture, sale, purchase, transportation, possession, concealment, or use of firearms, cutting instruments, explosives, incendiary devices, or other deadly weapons. Attempts are included. Prostitution and commercialized vice ― The unlawful promotion of or participation in sexual activities for profit, including attempts. Sex offenses (except forcible rape, prostitution, and commercialized vice) ― Statutory rape, offenses against chastity, common decency, morals, and the like. Attempts are included. 74 Drug abuse violations ― The violation of laws prohibiting the production, distribution, and/or use of certain controlled substances. The unlawful cultivation, manufacture, distribution, sale, purchase, use, possession, transportation, or importation of any controlled drug or narcotic substance. Arrests for violations of state and local laws, specifically those relating to the unlawful possession, sale, use, growing, manufacturing, and making of narcotic drugs. The following drug categories are specified: opium or cocaine and their derivatives (morphine, heroin, codeine); marijuana; synthetic narcotics ―manufactured narcotics that can cause true addiction (demerol, methadone); and dangerous non-narcotic drugs (barbiturates, benzedrine). Gambling ― To unlawfully bet or wager money or something else of value; assist, promote, or operate a game of chance for money or some other stake; possess or transmit wagering information; manufacture, sell, purchase, possess, or transport gambling equipment, devices, or goods; or tamper with the outcome of a sporting event or contest to gain a gambling advantage. Offenses against the family and children ― Unlawful nonviolent acts by a family member (or legal guardian) that threaten the physical, mental, or economic well-being or morals of another family member and that are not classifiable as other offenses, such as Assault or Sex Offenses. Attempts are included. Driving under the influence ― Driving or operating a motor vehicle or common carrier while mentally or physically impaired as the result of consuming an alcoholic beverage or using a drug or narcotic. Liquor laws ― The violation of state or local laws or ordinances prohibiting the manufacture, sale, purchase, transportation, possession, or use of alcoholic beverages, not including driving under the influence and drunkenness. Federal violations are excluded. Drunkenness ― To drink alcoholic beverages to the extent that one’s mental faculties and physical coordination are substantially impaired. Excludes driving under the influence. Disorderly conduct ― Any behavior that tends to disturb the public peace or decorum, scandalize the community, or shock the public sense of morality. Vagrancy ― The violation of a court order, regulation, ordinance, or law requiring the withdrawal of persons from the streets or other specified areas; prohibiting persons from remaining in an area or place in an idle or aimless manner; or prohibiting persons from going from place to place without visible means of support. All other offenses ― All violations of state or local laws not specifically identified as Part I or Part II offenses, except traffic violations. 75 Suspicion ― Arrested for no specific offense and released without formal charges being placed. Curfew and loitering laws (persons under age 18) ― Violations by juveniles of local curfew or loitering ordinances. Runaways (persons under age 18) ― Limited to juveniles taken into protective custody under the provisions of local statutes 76